Title: To George Washington from Philip John Schuyler, 25 June 1781
From: Schuyler, Philip John
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir
                            Poughkepsie June 25th 1781

                        On my return to this place I found a letter from Mr Cuyler dated Albany 23d June 1781 In answer to mine of
                            the 18th he wrote "I am happy to Inform you that there appears a general Inclination in the Carpenters and others to do
                            this piece of work (meaning the building of the Batteaux) upon the terms of payment you propose, and that to be certain; I
                            have it not in my power the time has been too short to inform you in general of the disposition of those that have boards,
                            of which article there is by no means a scarcity, but I have every reason to believe they cannot be procured without a
                            fixed time for payment and as short as possible, and I am led to believe upon tryal the whole business might be carried on
                            with great dispatch provided the payment can be depended on."
                        I shall leave this to morrow and proceed to Albany, and Immediately prosecute the work, Your Excellency will
                            observe the footing on which the payments are put, permitt me therefore to Intreat you to urge Congress & Mr Morris
                            to take such measures as that my credit may not suffer.
                        As our boards are all of the length of 14 feet I find they will work to most advantage If the boats are 32
                            instead of 35 feet long and that such a boat will require 12 lb. of twenty penny nails, 14 lb. of ten penny, and Eight
                            pounds of eight penny, this Your Excellency will please to let one of the Gentlemen of your family advise Colo. Pickering
                            of.
                        If the nails and Oakham arrive and the weather prove favorable I am in hopes to Compleat the batteaus In
                            twenty days after my arrival at Albany, As Mr Cuyler Informs me that 150 Carpenters may be provided at 14/ Currency per
                            day for the master Carpenters and 10/ for the others they finding themselves in rum and provisions and boats.
                        If It be not improper I could wish Gen: Stark to be requested to advise with me relative to the disportation
                            of the troops in the northern quarter of the State, on the means of procuring Supplies should at any time the public
                            Stores be destitute. I am Dr Sir with Every Sentiment of respect and Esteem, most Sincerely Your Obedient Servant

                            Ph: Schuyler


Title: From George Washington to John Stark, 25 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Stark, John

                        Dear Sir

                            Head Quarters New Windsor June 25th 1781

                        Upon finding it necessary for the operation of the Campaign, to recall the Continental Troops from the
                            Northward I have ordered 600 Militia from the Counties of Berkshire & Hampshire to that quarter, in addition to
                            the Militia & State Troops of New York; and I have now to request that you will take the general Command of all
                            the Troops in that Department, as soon as conveniently may be; I am induced to appoint you to this Command, from your
                            knowledge of, & influence amongst the Inhabitants of that Country.
                        You will be pleased therefore to repair to Saratoga, and establish your Head Quarters at that place,
                            detaining with you 400 of the Troops from Massachusetts, and sending the other 200 to Colonel Willet, who will remain in
                            command on the Mowhawk River as his popularity in that Country will enable him to render essential services there.
                        In case of an incursion of the Enemy you will make such dispositions as you shall judge most advantageous for
                            opposing them & protecting the frontier. (not withdrawing the Troops from the Mowhawk River). I rely upon it, you
                            will use your utmost exertions to draw forth the force of the Country from the Green Mountains & all the
                            contiguous territory; and I doubt not your requisitions will be attended with success, as your personal influence must be
                            unlimited amongst those people, at whose head, you have formerly fought & conquered with so much reputation
                            & glory.
                        I request you will be very particular in keeping up proper discipline & preventing the Troops from
                            committing depredations upon the Inhabitants.
                        Be pleased to let me hear from you from time to time, & believe me to be Dear Sir Your Most Obedient
                            Hble Servant

                            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Benjamin Tallmadge, 25 June 1781
From: Tallmadge, Benjamin
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Wethersfield June 25th 1781

                        I am this moment honored with Your Excellency’s favor of yesterday. The Count De Rochambeau left Hartford
                            yesterday, & is at Farmington this Evening. Tomorrow he proposes, with the first Division of his Troops, to be at
                            Southington; on Wednesday in a part of Woodbury, & on Thursday at Newtown, where he proposes halting for a few
                            Days, & hopes to have the honor of seeing your Excellency at that place.
                        Assoon as Your Excellency shall have left New Windsor, I conclude it will be necessary to alter the Stages of
                            Expresses in the western Quarter of this State.
                        I am very busily employed in procuring the Sadlery furniture, Swords &c. for the Regt but as the
                            public have but little money & no Credit, the Wheels drag heavily on. The Genl Assembly has ordered a small
                            confiscated Estate to be sold, & the Avails are to be put into my hands to procure the necessary furniture for the
                            mounted Dragoons, & I am this Day informed that the Governor & Council of Safety have appointed me to make
                            Sale of another small Estate for the same purpose. As they will be sold for hard money only (the good effects
                                even from the expectation of which I have already experienced among the Artificers) I hope to have
                            the necessary furniture prepared very shortly. I shall send on to Camp in 5 or 6 Days about 30 remounted Dragoons,
                            compleatly equiped (Cloathing excepted) & I hope as many as 60 additional ⅌ Boots, 60 sword belts, 60 leather
                            Caps, 130 Cartouch Boxes, &c. The remainder of those Articles to Compleat the mounted Dragoons to about 240 or
                            250, together with about 140 Saddles, Bridles, halters, Holsters, & Portmanteaus Compleat, as many new Swords,
                            Spurs &c. &c. I have already Contracted for, & I trust will be ready in about three Weeks. I fear
                            we shall not get our Complement of Horses, as State Securities, which have been  to purchase Horses for the Regt are not in Demand, & those Horses that have been sent in
                            are not so proper for the Dragoon service as I could wish.
                        I shall duly notify Your Excellency of my Transactions, & have the honor to be, With great Regard,
                            & Esteem, Your Excellency’s most Obedt Servt

                            Benja. Tallmadge


Title: General Orders, 26 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To:

                            Head Quarters Peekskill Tuesday June 26th 1781
                            Parole Success
                            Countersigns France
                            America.


Title: To George Washington from Elias Dayton, 26 June 1781
From: Dayton, Elias
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Chatham June 26th 1781

                        The enemy, who I informed your Excellency in my last had landed in Monmouth, returned the next day having
                            burned two or three private houses and carried off a small number of cattle—They had four or five men killed and a
                            considerable number wounded with several deserters; upon the whole it appears that they gained very little by their
                            expedition.
                        Arbuthnot’s fleet two days since, lay off Sandy hook, several of his ships constantly cruising out some
                            distance easterly. Not any material alteration in New York lately, only preparations are making which seem to indicate
                            that they expect the city will be besieged.
                        I have given Capt. Scudder who commands at Elizabeth town your Excellency’s orders respecting his conduct
                            toward flags &c. and have done every thing in my power to enforce his strict observance of them, but to little
                            purpose, as, I believe almost any person passes and repasses to and from New York that chuses, and so I believe it will
                            continue to be, as long as he directs at that post, not having any, the least command of his men. I have the honor to be
                            with the greatest respect your Excellencys Most Hbl. servent

                            Elias Dayton


Title: To George Washington from Lewis Nicola, 26 June 1781
From: Nicola, Lewis
To: Washington, George

                            Sr
                            Philada 26 June 1781

                        I had the honour of your Excellencies letter of the 21 June 1781 yesterday about noon & immediately
                            communicated it to the Board of War from which I obtained an order for shoes for the men that were to march & an
                            application was immediately made for money to Congress, I was also informed that a demand had been made to the Executive
                            Council for some militia to supply our place, having great reason to believe no steps had as yet been taken to draw them
                            out, I directed waited on the Council and informed it of your orders & was told that it would be ten days before
                            they could be ready.
                        The 13th Inst. I recd an order from the Board of war to hold the regiment in readiness to march &
                            immediately gave out the necessary orders & took every step in my power to be ready for the final order which I
                            did not receive ’till your Excellencies letter came to hand.
                        I am sorry it is not in my power to give you certain information on the three head you desire, Our departure
                            depending on the militia being called out I cannot say any more than I have already done. Our time of arrival is also
                            uncertain, as I am apprehensive of meeting some delay at Trenton in procuring waggons, but to prevent this as much as
                            possible I shall send notice to the D: Qr Mr Genl there of the time of our departure as soon as I can ascertain it, as
                            soon as I get to Trenton & can fix the time of departure I shall forward to your Excellency every information in
                            my power.
                        I hope you will do me the justice to believe no endeavours shall be wanting on my part to expedite the
                            business & that you will permit me to assure you that I am with respect Your Excellencies Most obedt Servt

                            Lewis Nicola Col. Inv.

                            Inclosed I send a return of the present state of the part of the stationed here.
                            We beg your Excellency will accept our thanks for your kind attention to the ease
                                &c. of the regiment.


Title: To George Washington from Samuel Holden Parsons, 26 June 1781
From: Parsons, Samuel Holden
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General
                            Camp Peeks Kill 26th June 1781

                        The Comittee from the Connecticut Line appointed to adjust their Accounts with the State have returned
                            without effecting a settlement, the Lower House of Assembly refuse to pay any part of the Subsistance of the Officers
                            before the first of April last, & from that time no more than Eight pence half penny per Ration; the Resolutions
                            of Congress notwithstanding. In stating the accounts the Committee of the Assembly charge many articles supplied the Army,
                            at fifty per Cent above the Price agreed to by the Assembly; which the Legislature refuse to ratefy. These reasons
                            prevented a Settlement, the Gentlemen from the Army not thinking it consistant with their trust to close the Account, with
                            the total Loss of so great a part of their just due: & have reported the facts to me and desiring me to publish the
                            Matter to the line in such manner as I judge most expedient.
                        On consulting General Huntington we thought it proper to inform your Excellency of our apprehensions of the
                            fatal Conseqences we fear on the refusal of the State to close the accounts, and secure the subsistance, as well as pay of
                            the Line: and to request your Excellency’s advice and Direction.
                        The Officers have now served from the first of January 1777 and have received very little more than one years
                            Pay for their services, and very little prospect appears of a speedy Supply of Money, and no expectation of a Settlement
                            of their past Wages and Subsistance; their own Estates are in a gGreat measure expended in Subsisting themselves in the Army, and thereby reduced to a State of destress; and the
                            Conduct of Government in this and other instances convince them, that they have no Justice to hope from the State unless
                            their Accounts are Closed and their wages & subsistance secured, before the Period arrives in
                            which they have no further Occasion for the services of the Army.
                        Under these Impressions heightned by their real Wants I fear they will be driven from service on knowing the
                            State in which their Demands on Government are left; nor can I hold myself answerable for their conduct. I think it highly
                            probable a very great Proportion of Officers would immediately Resign their Commissions even at this Season: the
                            consequence of which will be little short of disbanding the Line.
                        I would therefore beg your Excellency’s direction in the Case, and that the Line may once more be aided by
                            your Friendly Interposition with the State to do them Justice, the Governor has always exerted himself to procure that
                            Justice which is due to the Army: a Letter from your Excellency to him on the Subject, would at least quiet the Minds of
                            the Officers, whilst the Matter was in a train of Adjustment; and I believe procure that Justice from the State which
                            nothing else will effect. I am with great Respect Your Excellency’s Obedt Servnt

                            Saml H. Parsons


Title: To George Washington from Richard Peters, 26 June 1781
From: Peters, Richard
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            War Office June 26 1781

                        The Board beg Leave to trouble-you with a Copy of a Motion respecting Vanhere’s Corps which was referred to
                            us by Congress. We have been informed that the principal Part of this Corps is made use of German Deserters & were
                            doubtful about the Propriety of establishing them in the Line of the State as their Enlistments are contrary to the
                            Resolves of Congress & evidently improper. Beside we concieved that the Corps was intended only to perform the
                            Duty for which they were originally raized & adding them to the Pennsilvania Line would be immediately annexing
                            them to the Southern Army as that Line by Resolution of Congress is to compose Part of that Army. This we did not choose
                            to do without your Consent & Opinion upon the whole Matter. We have the Honour to be with the greatest Respect
                            & Esteem your very obedt Servants

                            Richard Peters
                            By order

                     Enclosure

                                    25 June 1781

                            That Vanheer’s Corps called the Marechaussie Corps be considered as part of the quota of Troops to be
                                furnished to the Army of the United States by the State of Pennsylvania.


Title: To George Washington from Richard Peters, 26 June 1781
From: Peters, Richard
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            War Office June 26 1781

                        We have the Honour to acknowledge the Reciept of your Excellency’s Letter of the 21st inst. & inclose
                            Copy of ours to Congress in Consequence & also of a Report containing an Enumeration & Valuation of
                            Rations which we laid before Congress for their Consideration & Election. We presume the perfecting the Contracts
                            will lie with the Superintendant of Finance. But Congress will no Doubt be pleased to direct in this Matter.
                        We are happy to inform your Excellency that we have now procured Means of transporting the Southern
                            Cloathing. That destined for the Marquis’s Army is gone & the Rest will proceed immediately. Your Request as to
                            the Officers of Spencer’s shall be attended to.
                        The Board consulted with the Executive of Pennsilvania as to the Places of stationing the Convocation
                            Prisoners so as to make them most convenient to the State & have agreeable to the Desire of Council ordered the
                            British to be stationed near York Town & the Germans near Reading the whole to be under the Superintendance of
                            Col. Wood, the officers excepted who are to proceed to Connecticut so soon as they recieve Money from a Flag arrived at
                            George Town in Potowmack for which Purpose they will remain on their parole at Lancaster for a short time. We have the
                            Honour to be with the greatest Respect & Esteem your very obed Servants

                            Richard Peters
                            By order

                     Enclosure

                                Sir,
                                War office June 21st 1781

                            The Board have the honor to transmit Congress sundry enumerations of articles of which a ration may be
                                composed and the value of each. Out of these, Congress will be pleased to elect which they think proper. If the ration
                                is altered it will be proper to resolve.
                            That the ration to be delivered the Troops of the United States consist of the following articles where
                                the same can be obtained.
                            That the Commander in Chief or the Commanding General of a seperate Army be and they are hereby
                                authorised with the consent of the Contractor or Contractors to alter the ration as to the articles of which it is
                                composed according to circumstances so as not to exceed the value of that hereby established.

                                By order of the Board
                                Richard Peters

                                (Copy)

                     Enclosure

                                    c.21 June 1781

                            Sundry Estimates of the Component parts of a ration
                            N. 1

                                    1 lb. Beef

                                    per day

                                    6

                                    1 lb. Bread

                                    do

                                    2

                                    1 pint of milk

                                    do

                                     2

                                    3 pints of pease or Beans per week is per day

                                    16/32

                                    1 do

                                     Indian meal per do do

                                     4/32

                                    9 gallons of Molasses

                                    per 700 Rations do

                                    20/32

                                    3 lb. Candles 8 lb. Soap

                                      per 700 Rations is per ration

                                         8/32

                                    11d. 16/32

                            N. 2

                                    1/4 lb. Beef

                                    per day

                                    7 16/32

                                    1 lb. Bread

                                    do

                                    2

                                    1 gill of pease or Beans

                                    per day

                                     9/32

                                    1 gill of vinegar

                                    do

                                    16/32

                                    1/2 pint of molasses & 1 pint of Indian meal per week is

                                    per ration

                                        17/32

                                    10d. 26/32

                            N. 3

                                    1 lb. Bread

                                    2

                                    1 lb. Beef

                                    6

                                    1 gill of rum or other proof Spirits

                                    2 16/32

                                    3 lb. Candles 8 lb. Soap

                                      per 100 Men per week is per ration

                                         8/32

                                    10d. 24/32

                            N. 4

                                    1 lb. Beef

                                    6

                                    1 lb. Bread

                                    2

                                    1 gill of Apple or Rye whiskey Rum proof or

                                      1/2 gill of Rum

                                    per day

                                     1 16/32

                                    3 pints of pease or Beans or 1 pint of Indian meal

                                      per man per week is

                                    per ration

                                     24/32

                                    3 lb. Candles 8 lb. Soap

                                      per 100 men per week is per ration

                                         8/32

                                    10d. 16/32

                     Enclosure

                                Sir
                                War Office June 26th 1781

                            We beg leave to lay before Congress a copy of a letter received from his Excellency the Commander in
                                Chief respecting the proposed contracts for supplying the army with provisions which completes all we can offer for
                                the consideration of Congress on that subject. We agree with the Genl on the propriety of adding vinegar to the ration
                                and in his Ideas as to the proportion and quality of the several species of rum or spirits. We have doubled the number
                                of rations mentioned in the Generals Estimate for the post at Philadelphia on account of the numbers of prisoners
                                constantly stationed there.
                            We partake in the Generals anxiety respecting the supplies for the opperation against New York and the
                                means of transporting them and entreat the attention of Congress to that pressing and important subject. We have the
                                honor to be &c.

                                Richard Peters

                                Copy
                                P.S. A provision of salt is absolutely necessary; but this as well as all others of the Generals
                                    very important observations will no doubt be attended to by Congress in their directions respecting the Contracts.
                                    For the ration an equivalent in pork should have been mentioned as an alternative One pound of beef or three
                                    quarters of a pound of pork have heretofore been given.


Title: To George Washington from John Stark, 26 June 1781
From: Stark, John
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir
                            Derryfield 26th of June 1781

                        I have been honored with your letter of the 6th of May, and am very happy that the measure I have taken,
                            meets with your approbation.
                        The Recruiting Officers in the State have sent for the Army 262 Levies; which, ’tho inadequate to the number
                            required, is nevertheless a considerable reinforcemt. And by a Spirited Act made last week (while I
                            attended Court) I am in hopes the People will see the necessity of uncommon exertions; and in case
                            they do, I am convinced the recruiting service will again flourish.
                        The extreme severity of the last Winter, made the Cattle so poor, that no drove could be procured fit for
                            sending to the Army, untill now; but after this, I believe the State will do all in their power, to procure, &
                            send on what supply’s shall amt to their quota. Fourteen Hdd’s of Rum is to be sent to day, or tomorrow, a quantity more
                            will be sent on as soon as teams can be procured, which I hope will be before many days.
                        My Health (which is still very dubious,) is much better than it was last Winter, but by intervals, I find
                            myself much troubled by the Infirmity of a Shattered Constitution, which, ‘tho it may permit me to enjoy A few months of
                            Health by halves, yet a full enjoyment of that invaluable blessing, it is a wonder if I ever arrive at. With the utmost
                            regard and esteem I have the Honor to be, my Dear Sir your most Obet & Humble servant

                            John Stark


Title: From George Washington to Paul-François-Jean-Nicolas, comte de Barras, 27 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Barras, Paul-François-Jean-Nicolas, comte de

                            Sir
                            Camp near Peekskill 27th June 1781.

                        I do myself the honor to transmit your Excellency the Copy of a piece of intelligence which I have just recd
                            from the Minister of France. Should I gain any further account of the number of ships of war which convoyed the
                            transports, or of their destination I shall immediately communicate it. I have the honor to be &a


Title: To George Washington from James Clinton, 27 June 1781
From: Clinton, James
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Albany June 27th 1781

                        Since my last Letter to your Excellency nothing material has occured worth mentioning—I am taking the most
                            effectual Measures to scour the Settlements on the Frontier, which are notoriously disaffected, and have found the most
                            promising appearances of future good consequences, from the exertions already made—I have sent a Scout of Canadians, of
                            Hazens Regiment to Crown Point, which may probably obtain some intillegence, they have not returned.
                        My expectations in point of Provisions are much more flattering at present, than they have been at any period
                            since my assuming the Command at this place—I have given the most pointed instructions to have the Troops in their
                            respective Stations in the most instant readiness to remove at a moments Notice, so that we cannot be taken unawares.
                        I cannot however omit to mention to your Excellency that general discontent, which universally privails among
                            the Soldiry for want of pay—Hazens Regiment on their arrival fomented the disturbance and it has been cherished ever
                            since—I sincerely wish some mode cou’d be devised, to remove this essential Evil.
                        The scarcity of Cash in this Department is attended with many inconveniencies; nothing can be done in the
                            Quarter Master’s Department except what is done by Impress, which mode I hope will enable us to answer the immediate
                            demands of the Army, tho’ at the expence of our public & private Credit, to effect which nothing shall be wanting
                            on my part. I have the honor to be Sir with the greatest Respect your Excellency’s most Obt Sert

                            James Clinton


Title: To George Washington from William Gordon, 27 June 1781
From: Gordon, William
To: Washington, George

                            My Dear Sir
                            Jamaica Plain June 27 1781

                        In the midst of important business the following anecdote will probably give you some pleasure, with a little
                            pain for the disappointment you have met with in missing the Saddle. A gentleman who served his time with one of my people
                            when I was at London, J. Harvey Pierce, a physician, writes me from Nantz last Feby 12. where He is in his way to America
                            from an attachment to our cause—"I dined with Mr W. Toulmin a few days before I left London. There were
                            his two brothers, the attorney & surgeon Dr Cogan, the Rev. Mr Sowden & 2 of his pupils Nephews of the
                            Duke of Portland—on telling them my determination of soon sailing for America, they expresst much satisfaction &
                            highly applauded my resolution, & the more so as they were all fully convinced that the cause of liberty only
                            could entice me to take such a step. The Drs Price & Walker (of Nottingham) who were made
                            acquainted with my intention justified it; particularly Dr Walker who with his three brothers & son in law will
                            certainly leave England as soon as there is peace. One of the Walkers who is a spring sadler sent with me a very elegant
                            spring saddle for his Excellency Genl Washington—but it was unfortunately stopt with my baggage & detained in
                            England." However from what I learn by the person who brought me the letter & was Dr Pierce’s companion to France,
                            I am in hopes that your Excellency has not lost the saddle, but will recover it after a while. You will be pleased at
                            knowing also that the Mr Walker who meant it for you, is the kings Saddler.
                        I congratulate You upon the successes that have attended on Genl Green, tho’ he has been obliged to fight
                            hard for them. Cornwallis I trust will find that the Marquis, after a while, is as good a match for his Lordship,
                            & that tho’ he may change his ground & his operations it is only for the worse. From the measures that are
                            taken I infer that your Excellency has some grand expedition in view. May  concerned in seconding
                            & supporting you, be far from disappointing your wishes: &
                            crown your plans with success! Former general courts have conducted so miserably, & the
                                 made up so of old materials that I am not without my fears, that
                            military matters continue  very fluctuating state. Had we acted wisely & with spirit our
                            quota of troops might have been recruited early & at half the expence to the persons concerned. I am tired with
                            observing how miserably public affairs are conducted, & the general good is sacrificed to private interest. I have
                            been told, that Genl Lincoln (to whom my particular respects) being asked how the committee, of which
                            he was chairman, came to bring in such a report, smartly answered. "We have tried roguery long enough till it has almost
                            ruined us; & it is now time to try what honesty will do." Whatever time-serving cobling statesmen may pretend, I
                            am more & more convinced that honesty is the best policy.
                        I was at Newport & Providence the last week; & was much pleased with hearing how the French
                            troops were commended for their strict discipline, inoffensive deportment, & affable behaviour. I shall do them
                            the justice of transmitting an account of it to Europe; partly with a view of mortifying the
                            British royalists.
                        I do not expect, that the situation of affairs will soon allow your Excellency time for private indulgences;
                            & therefore it would be unreasonable in me to look for an answer: however the want of it will not hinder my
                            writing when I have any thing to communicate, either interesting or pleasing. Am not without hopes, that matters will take
                            such a turn in Europe, as to occasion by Britains desisting from the present contest, & as to terminate in an
                            honourable peace, before a twelve month is ended: not that we should relax in the least, even tho’ there was a very strong
                            probability of it. We have in a negligent presumptuous way left too much to Providence, instead of relying upon Providence
                            afar the utmost exertions. We have reason to adore the divine goodness, that we have not been punished more for our
                            neglects. Mrs Gordon joins in respects to Self & Lady. With the most hearty prayers for your safety &
                            success I remain Your Excellency’s sincere friend & most obedient servant

                            William Gordon


Title: To George Washington from William Heath, 27 June 1781
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General
                            Roxbury June 27th 1781

                        I was this evening honored with yours of the 20th inclosing one to the Commanding Officer of the Corps of
                            Invalids at Boston—I shall afford the Commanding Officer, every aid in my power to facilitate his march to West point.
                        I have been this evening honord with a Letter from Governor Trumbull of the 20th instant, giving a pritty
                            particular account of the proceedings of the State of Connecticut, respecting its Quota of men, and provisions for the
                            army but as Governor Trumbull Observes, "I have made his Excellency the Commander in Chief, acquainted with these things
                            by a Letter of this date." it is unnecessary for me to repeat them.
                        The Honble Mr Weare president of New Hampshire, in a Letter of the 25th inst. writes me, "Our General
                            Assembly are now convened, and have under Consideration the important matters recommended by General Washington, and
                            yourself, respecting filling up, and Supplying the Army, and are determined to take the most vigorous measures to
                            accomplish a matter so essential to be done at this critical time," he then observes that a drove of Beef Cattle of Forty
                            five or Fifty head will go on this week, that another drove is procuring &c.
                        I am happy in the arrangment for the Campaign, and hope ere long to kiss your hand in Camp. I have the honor
                            to be with the highest respect & Esteem your Excellencys most obedient Servant

                            W. Heath


Title: To George Washington from William Irvine, 27 June 1781
From: Irvine, William
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Philadelphia June 27th 1781

                        When I wrote your Excellency the 16th instant I had small hope of any effectual measures being adopted for
                            filling the Line—and was that day leaving Town on my proposed Volunteer scheme—when, I received a message from sundry
                            numbers of Assembly requesting me to wait a few days, as there was a prospect of the Recruiting bill being amended—I have
                            the honour to enclose the Law, which I hope will produce a number of men—I think it more essential for me to pay attention
                            to this business than the—Volunteers which is at best a poor alternative except in cases of
                            extremity.
                        As Genl St Clair talks of going to Head Quarters in a few days—he will inform your Excellency of our measures
                            & expectations. I have the honour to be Sir your Excellencys Most Obedient, and Most Humble Servant

                            Wm Irvine


Title: To George Washington from William Livingston, 27 June 1781
From: Livingston, William
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir
                            Princeton 27th June 1781

                        It gives me great pain that I have not been able to answer your Excellency’s several Letters of the 27th of
                            May & 15th June till this moment having ever since waited with great impatience for the passing of the Bill
                            respecting your requisition of the 750 militia to co-operate with the regular Troops for 3 months, which did not pass till
                            this day. I have issued the necessary orders, & directed the men to rendezvous at Morris town the 15th of July or
                            as soon after as possible.
                        Colo. Seely is appointed to command the detachment.
                        The Legislature have directed our Contractors to use the utmost dispatch in forwarding the Provisions,
                            & passed an Act for completing our Brigade, (of the efficacy of which, I confess I have no great Expection). But
                            they have not vested the Executive with any powers during the recess of the assembly to comply with any farther
                            requisitions for men, provisions, or transportation.
                        They will adjourn to morrow, after which your Excellency will be pleased to direct to me at Trenton—I have
                            the honour to be with the highest esteem Dear Sir your Excellency’s most obedient & very humble Servant

                            Wil: Livingston


Title: To George Washington from George Plater, 27 June 1781
From: Plater, George
To: Washington, George

                        Sir

                            In General Assembly Annapolis 27th June 1781

                        We are very desirous that Major General Smallwood should be permitted to stay in this State, if not
                            inconsistent with your arrangements and the service; and we wish him to remain as long as you can permit; his advice and
                            assistance is wanted to call forth the strength of this State and to put it in a proper posture for defence. We know no
                            Gentleman, who from his personal influence, and the universal good opinion entertained by our people of his integrity, and
                            military abilities, so proper to command our militia in case of Invasion of this State. We have resolved immediately to
                            raise and March to the assistance of our sister State of Virginia two Battalions of our Militia, and a number of light
                            Horse, and we think General Smallwood can greatly assist to arrange them, and to expedite their March to the Southward.
                        We must also acknowledge the service rendered by General Smallwood in the raising equipping and disciplining
                            a body of Recruits, about four hundred, which we expect will march from this place in a few Days.
                        We present to your Excellency our warmest wishes for your health and happiness, and are with great respect
                            and regard Sir Yr Mot Obt Servts

                            Geo. Plater Presedt of the Senate
                            W. Bruff Speaker of the House of Delegates


Title: From George Washington to Samuel Holden Parsons, 27 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Parsons, Samuel Holden

                        sir

                            Head Quarters Peekskill 27th June 1781

                        I have received your Favor of Yesterday—and am very sorry to observe its Contents—I can think of no Mode more
                            elegible, than to transmitt the Letter, with some Observations on the probable Consequences, to the State of
                            Connecticut—This Mode I shall pursue—and hope that the State, on further Consideration, will do all the Justice to their
                            Line, that they have a Right to expect. With much Regard & Esteem I am sir Your most Obedt servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from John Pray, 27 June 1781
From: Pray, John
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir
                            Nyack June 27th 1781

                        The inclos’d are three York Papers which I got this day. The persons who furnish me with papers, are very
                            desirous of haveing some of our papers, I have not got it in my power to furnish them with any,
                            except there could be some sent by the bearer, when I expect to get sum more, which I shall forward
                            to your Excellency with such intelgenc as lays in my Power to git, I have not been able to Collect
                            any lately, have hither too Sent all papers & intiligence to the Commanding Officer at West point
                            agreable to this Order, but in future shall forward all such to your Excellency.
                        If Your Excellency should think it Convenient at this time to Relieve the men in the block house at Dobbs
                            Ferry, shall be very Glad, for they are very uneasy, as they are very much Confind, three of which has lately Deserted,
                            one of which was a deserter (or Prisoner of war) from the Enemy. I have made repeated application to the Commanding Officer
                            at West point for a Reliefe for them but none yet came.
                        There is but one ship in the N River as yet which lays against Kings Bridge. Am with
                            every Sentiment of Respect and Esteam Your Excellencys most Obedient and Very Humble Servant

                            Jno. Pray Capt.


Title: To George Washington from William Lord Stirling Alexander, 27 June 1781
From: Alexander, William Lord Stirling
To: Washington, George

                            Camp Peekskill June 27th 1781

                        Agreeable to your Excellency’s public orders of this day, I have (with Colo. Swift, one of the field officers
                            for tomorrow) viewed the approaches to this Camp, and think the following advanced pickets will be necessary, viz.
                        Picket No. 1. a Sub., &c. and 24 privates, to be posted at the fork of the road, which leads to
                            Crotons New Bridge, and the road leading to Kings ferry Picket No. 2. A Sub., &c. and 24, at the fork of the Road,
                            which leads from Gen. Hows Quarters in to the main Road, from Peaks Kill to Crompond near Jerreh
                            Drakes, with a Small detachment on its left, where a road comes in from the Coll Berg, Picket No. 2, a Sub., &c.
                            24, a little up the hill, beyond the House called Gov. Drakes, which is at the forks of the road to Crom Pond, this
                            position covers the only road that comes from the left to Head Quarters, The Grand Parade I think Should be a little in
                            front of the vacancy left between the wings of the artillery, and Sappers and miners, this will most Equally divide the
                            marching of the details to the parade, and the guard to their respective posts.

                            sterling M.G.

                            In addition to the foregoing an officers Guard (as small as may be) at the Bridge just above Beekmans
                                Mills, this is more to prevent Soldiers Stragling out of Camp that way, than from any danger from an Enemy.


Title: General Orders, 28 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To:

                            Head Quarters Peekskill Thursday June 28th 1781
                            Parole Army.
                            Countersigns Bakewell
                            Cookwell

                        For the day tomorrow
                        Major General Lincoln
                        Lieutenant Colonel C. Smith
                        Major Rice
                        Inspector - 2d Connecticut brigade
                        The Commanding officers of the Picquets and other guards will be particularly attentive in examining the
                            passes of soldiers and in detaining those respecting whose permissions there is any suspicion of deception untill they can
                            be reported to an officer of the Day.
                        Country people or transient persons coming to or going from the Army if they cannot give a good account of
                            themselves are to be treated in the same manner without having any insult or outrage offered them.
                        The Rolls are to be called at least three times a day, the men to be all present or satisfactorily accounted
                            for.
                        The General presents his compliments to the General and Field officers of the day and expects the pleasure of
                            their company at dinner the day succeeding that on which they are on duty.
                        In order to save the consumption of forage and to prevent the destruction of the property of the Individuals
                            without a compensation—the forage masters are to point out the meadows and pastures which are to be appropriated to the
                            use of the army—none are to be taken up for the public or occupied but in this mode.
                        The Forage Master General will also take measures to have as great a quantity of Grass cut as is practicable
                            for the purpose of preventing waste and extending the use of forage as far as possible.
                        The Commissary General of Issues will take effectual measures to procure a supply of Hard bread for the Army.
                        Untill further orders Picquets will mount daily at the places pointed out by Major General Lord Stirling for
                            the purpose of securing the Avenues to Camp.
                        For the present the Vacancy left in the Centre of the second line for the Park of Artillery &ca will
                            be the Grand Parade where the Guards are to Assemble every morning at Eight ô clock.
                        A Baker from each Brigade will be immediately sent to Colonel Steward Commissary General at Peekskill
                            Landing.


Title: From George Washington to Board of War, 28 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Board of War

                            GentlemenHead Quarters Peekskill 28th June 1781.

                        I have been honored with your favors of the 17th and 22d instants. It ought to be presumed that Mr Verna the
                            British Dy Commy of prisoners comes to Elizabeth Town no oftner than his business requires, and except there can be proof
                            stronger than suspicion that under cover of his office he carries on a correspondence with disaffected persons in Philada
                            it will be indelicate to charge him with improper conduct—It is with the enemy to appoint such Characters as they please
                            to fill their several departments, and for us to guard as much as possible against those who may be thought designing or
                            dangerous—I will therefore give Mr Skinner a hint that the frequency of Mr Vernas visits gives umbrage and desire him to
                            permit him to come to Elizabeth town no oftner than his business absolutely requires and then to stay no longer than is
                            necessary.
                        I very much approve of such a Resolve of Congress as General Greene recommends, to prevent our prisoners of
                            War from inlisting into the Enemy’s service.
                        Were our prospects of being certainly able to carry our intended plan of operations into execution more
                            flattering, I should not hesitate in desiring the Stores demanded by General Knox to be brought forward at any expence
                            whatever—But I confess to you this is so far from being the case, that I wish to incur no more in the transportation from
                            the southward to this quarter than can possibly be avoided, because it is far from improbable that the scene of operations
                            may yet be shifted. I have for that reason given Genl Knox an extract from your letter and have desired him to point out
                            to you such Articles in his estimate as may be essentially necessary to commence operations—the remainder may follow if we
                            are able to prosecute the plan—may remain where they are should we be obliged to desist, or may be turned towards the
                            southward should there be occasion. I would recommend the completion of the order if possible, because the Stores are
                            always valuable—the transportation of the Stores from the Eastward will be continued upon the following principle—that if
                            they are not wanted here they will be so far on their way to the next point of operation: Those States have cheerfully
                            undertaken to furnish the means of transportation.
                        Upon changing the position of the army, the Route of the post is changed also. He now passes at Kings Ferry
                            and avoids the mountains, which I hope will in some degree remove the danger to which he was formerly exposed. But should
                            that not prove to be the case, I cannot, from the present strength of our Cavalry, furnish even the small escort which is
                            required. Sheldons Regiment consists of but 60 mounted and Van Heers Corps is upon the point of dissolution by the
                            expiration of their service—you may judge how soon so small a Corps as Sheldons would be worn down had they no other duty
                            to do but that of furnishing four dragoons at a time to be constantly riding post but these being all the horse I have to
                            depend upon for Military Service the request of the Post Master Genl is totally incompatible with it. There are several
                            excellent troops of Volunteer Horse in Jersey and I make no doubt but an escort could be procured from them—if
                            application was made to the Governor and an adequate compensation for their services allowed. I have the honor to be
                            &c.


Title: To George Washington from James Clinton, 28 June 1781
From: Clinton, James
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Albany June 28th 1781

                        Since my Letter of yesterday, I have been honored with your Excellency’s favor of the 25th inst. with its
                            Enclosure, which I forwarded instantly agreeable to the address.
                        I have already disposed of the New Levies in such a manner as to be able to move the Troops the moment I may
                            receve your Orders, as they are constantly held in the most perfect readiness. As soon as the Eastern Militia shall arrive
                            I shall station them agreeable to your Direction, and move the Troops down without loss of time. I have the honor to be
                            your Excellency’s Most obt humble Servet

                            James Clinton


Title: From George Washington to Samuel Huntington, 28 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Huntington, Samuel

                        sir

                            Head Quarters Peekskill 28th June 1781

                        I have been honored with your Excellencys several Letters of the 20th & 21st instant—with their
                            several Enclosures—sir Henry Clinton has indeed refused to make any Exchange of Genl Burgoyne in the Military Line, but
                            upon my Consent to put the Prisoners taken at the Cedars upon a footing of Exchange equal with any other Prisoners of
                            War—I know of nothing at present subsisting between Sir Henry & me to prevent a Proposition being made by Congress
                            for the Exchange of Mr Laurens for Genl Burguoyne, in the mode mentioned by your Excellency.
                        As to Genl Baileys Memorial, I am persuaded that Congress, from a Knowlege of our Circumstances, will be
                            fully sensible that an Expedition into Canada, must be utterly impracticable—they may also be informed, that in the
                            present Situation of our Troops, & their Numbers, with respect to our intended Operations, it is equally out of my
                            Power to lend any Aid for the support of that Frontier.
                        The Regulations of the Cloathing Department, were we in suitable Circumstances, are very agreable to my Ideas
                            respecting it—But I beg Congress will be pleased to consider, whether at this Time, when there is great Reason to suppose
                            the Loss of the Marquis le Fayette, expected from France, it will not be best to suspend that Part of the Resolutions,
                            which abolishes all State Appointments & Regulations, respecting their Purchase or procuring any further Supplies
                            unless Congress are fully assured of a sufficient Supply by means of their own Resources, without any Aid from individual
                            States, I have great Reason to fear, the Army will fall much short of its real Needs—that part of the Regulations which I
                            have mentioned, will most probably give the States an Idea of the Competentcy of the Continental Resources independant of
                            their Assistance; and they will be very glad to relax their Attention to this Article, which has already given them much
                            Trouble & Expence to obtain—were your Expectations equal to our Wants, I should be fully satisfied without the
                            Intervention of individual States—but some peculiar Fatality seeming to attend all the attempts for obtaing Cloathing from
                            abroad, that have hitherto been made by Congress, I am greatly apprehensive, that, with out the Aid of the States, we may,
                            by another Campaign, have an army literally Naked.
                        Inclosed I send for the Observation of Congress, Copy of a Letter from M. Genl Schuyler, who has undertaken
                            to build a Number of Boats for Public Use—as this Gentleman has been already particularly serviceable to the public by his
                            Advancements, & his Aid may be further needed in our Operations, I beg, that Congress will be pleased to take the
                            most effectual Measures that he may be enabled to fulfill his Engagements in the Time mentioned by him, so that his Credit
                            may not be injured by his Exertions in Favor of the Public. I have the Honor to be—with the most perfect Regard &
                            Estimation sir Your Excellency’s most Obedient and humble Servant

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Henry Knox, 28 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Knox, Henry

                            Dear SirHead Quarters Peekskill 28h June 1781

                        The following is an extract of what I have just received from the Board of War in a letter of the 22d Inst.
                            "The Board are unhappy to inform you that nothing is yet done in consequence of General Knox’s letter: immediately on the
                            receipt of it they made the necessary estimates and applications to Congress for the following Sums—To the department of
                            Military Stores £3794 Specie and for transportation £43,747 Specie but the money is not yet granted and nothing can be
                            done without it. The Board have been informed that their Estimates were referred to a Committee who were directed to
                            confer with Mr Morris on the subject."
                        I am every day more and more dubious of our being able to carry into execution the operation which we have in
                            contemplation, not only from the small prospect of the necessary number of Men, but from an information which I have just
                            received from the Minister of France and which is, that a reinforcement, said to consist of between three and four
                            thousand Men, arrived at Charles town the beginning of this month. part were landed at Charles town, the remainder were
                            intended for Augustine and New York. You must be sensible that a trifling augmentation of force at the latter place must
                            render our success at least precarious. Under the foregoing circumstances, I am confirmed in what you know has always been
                            my opinion, that it will be wrong to bring more Stores from the Southward than will be absolutely necessary, because,
                            should we be disappointed here, they come so far out of the way. The case is different as to those which come from the
                            Eastward. I have for these reasons, in my answer to the Board of War, desired them to compleat the Estimate at all events
                            if possible, as the Stores will be always valuable, and have referred them to you for directions as to the transportation
                            of such Articles as will be essentially necessary for a commencement of operations—the remainder may either be brought on
                            when we see a certainty of proceeding—may remain where they are if the matter falls through, or may be turned southward
                            should there be occasion. This plan appears to me such an one as does not put a stop to preparations, and yet avoids the
                            great expence, except necessary, transportation. You will therefore, as soon as possible, make out the Returns of what
                            will be first wanted and transmit them to the Board. You see their difficulties and will therefore be pleased to confine
                            them to the essentials. I am with very great Regard Dear Sir Yr most obt and hble servt

                            Go: Washington

                            P.S. Be pleased to send down 6 dark Lanthorns and 12º Rockets by the Bearer.


Title: To George Washington from Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette, 28 June 1781
From: Lafayette, Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de
To: Washington, George

                            My Dear General
                            Camp 28 June 1781

                        Inclosed I Have the Honor to send you Copy of my letter to general greene. The ennemy Have Been so kind as to
                            Retire Before us. twice I gave them a chance of fighting (taking Care not to Engage farther than I pleased) But they
                            Continued their Retrogade motions—our Numbers are I think Exagerated to them, and our seeming Boldness confirms the
                            opinion.
                        I thought at first Lord Cornwallis wanted to get me as low down as possible and use his Cavalry to advantage—But it appears he does not as yet Come out, and our position will admit of partial affairs. His Lordship Had (exclusive of
                            the Reinforcement from portsmouth said 600) 4000 men 800 of whom dragoons or Mounted infantry—our force is about Equal to
                            His But only 1500 Regulars and 50 dragoons our little action more particularly Marks the Retreat of the ennemy—from the
                            place He first Began to Retire to Williamsburg is upwards of 100 Mile—the old arms at the point of fork Have Been taken
                            out of the water. The Cannon Has Been thrown in the River undamaged when they Marched back to Richmond—So that His
                            Lordship did us no Harm of any Consequence lost an immense part of his former Conquests and did not make any in this
                            State—general greene demanded of me only to Hold my ground in Virginia—But the Movements of Lord Cornwallis May answer
                            Better purposes than that in the political line.
                        Adieu, my dear general, I dn’t know But when we shall in our turn become the pursued ennemy and in the mean
                            while Have the Honor to be most Respectfully and affectionately Yours

                            Lafayette

                            George is at a gentlemen’s house with a fever—But is much Better now and I expect Him every moment.
                                Lang Born’s zeal and activity during this Campaign Have unfortunately put Him in the ennemy’s Hands while he was
                                Reconnoitring.


Title: From George Washington to Fielding Lewis, Sr., 28 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Lewis, Fielding, Sr.

                            My dear Sir,
                            Peaks-kill 28th June 1781

                        Nothing but the hurry of business, & a mind always on the stretch on acct of the variety of matter
                            that is constantly presented to it, could have induced me to let your letter of the 24th of April remain so long
                            unacknowledged. I shall not be able to write to you so fully at this time as I could wish, but this reason shall no longer
                            prevent me from writing at all.
                        I lament most sincerely, the System of policy which has been but too generally adopted in all the States to
                            wish that of temporary expedients; which like quack medicines are so far from removing the causes of complaint that they
                            only serve to increase the disorder; this has, in a most remarkable manner, been the case with respect to short enlistmts;
                            which has been the primary cause of all our misfortunes. all our expences (which may, through a thousand different channels, be
                            traced up to this source)—and of the calamities which Virginia, the two Carolinas & Georgia now groan under. That
                            there should be such wretched management in our State as you describe, is much to be regretted. that your representation
                            of this matter is not exagerated I have every reason to believe, because my Estate bears evidence of the truth of it, as I
                            shall be obliged to sell one part to pay taxes on the other—but this I should do with chearfulness if the taxes were
                            equally laid, & judiciously applied but flagrant partiality is enough to sower the minds of any people, and bring
                            curses on the authors of it—a man may err once—& he may err twice but when those who possess more than a common
                            share of abilities persevere in a regular course of destructive policy, one is more apt to suspect their hearts than their
                            heads—this from what I have heard may not be misapplied to a person whose name you have mentioned.
                        I feel much for the present distress of Virginia; and for the many worthy persons on whom the calamities of
                            war have been most severe; and wish my ability to serve them was equal to my wishes—but it is not—I want the means—and yet
                            it is miserable even in contemplation to think, that such a State as Virginia should be overrun by a handful of men—The
                            spirit of the people is certainly departed from them—for nothing but exertion can be wanting to drive Lord Cornwallis into
                            the mountains, or to his Ships. Why then does it go undone? I am doing all I can to counteract the enemys plans to the
                            Southward, but how far I shall succeed time only can discover—the same languor, & the same policy prevails here as
                            elsewhere; how far therefore I shall be able to collect men (& they are yet to be collected (is more than I can
                            say—fatal experience has convinced us that to carry Troops from this quarter to the Southward is to encounter (upon the
                            march only) the loss of one third if not half, in a land march by sickness & desertion, arising from a
                            disinclination to serve in that part of the Continent.
                        We have nothing very interesting at this time, in this quarter except the marching of the French Army from
                            Rhode Island to form a junction with ours on this River which event will, probably, take place in about six days. I wish
                            the girls who have lately taken Husbands all the happiness this life affords and very sincerely wish you a perfect
                            recovery of your health. Mrs Washington left me on Monday last in a very low and weak state having been sick for more than a month with a kind of Jaundice—It
                            was uncertain whether she would proceed further than Philadelphia till our affairs in Virginia should take a more
                            favourable turn. Remember me in the most Affectionate manner to my Sister and the rest of the family and be assured that I
                            am with much truth Dr Sir Yr Obedt & Affecte Ser.

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Alexander McDougall, 28 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To: McDougall, Alexander

                        sir

                            Head Quarters Peekskill 28th June 1781

                        The Commissary Genl of Issues is directed to take the most effectual measures to furnish the Armey with a
                            Quantity of Hard Bread—for this Purpose, Six Bakers will be given him from here—You will be pleased to afford him every
                            Assistance in your Power, that he may need—to accomplish this necessary Work. I am with much Regard sir Your most Obedt
                            servt

                            Go: Washington

                            P.S. I find, that unless vigorous Measures are taken to draw all the Boats together imediately, we
                                never shall have them in Readiness for Use when wanted—I have therefore written most pressingly to Major Derby to have
                                all the Batteau’s instantly collected at Peekskill.


Title: From Jonathan Trumbull, Jr. to Timothy Pickering, 28 June 1781
From: Trumbull, Jonathan, Jr.
To: Pickering, Timothy

                            sirHead Quarters Peekskill 28th June 1781

                        By Comand of His Excellency, I give you the followg Extract from a Letter just received from Genl
                            Schuyler—dated Poughkeepsie 25th instant.
                        "As our Boards are all of the Length of 14 feet, I find they will Work to the best Advantage if the Boats are
                            32 feet instead of 35 feet long—& that each Boat will require 12 lb. of 20d. Nails—14 lb. of 10d.—& 8
                            lb.—of 8d. Nails.
                        If the Nails & Oakum arrive in Time & the Weather proves favorable, I am in Hopes to compleat
                            the Boats in Twenty Days after my Arrival in Albany—as Mr Cuyler informs me that 150 Carpenters may be procured at 14/.
                            Currency per Day for Master Workmen & 10/ for the others—they findg themselves in Rum, Provisions &
                            Tools."
                        His Excellency being exceedingly anxious for the Completion of the Boats—hopes that no Failure may happen on
                            your Part, to produce any the least Delay to the finishg the Number mentioned by Genl Schuyler in the Time he has sett. I
                            am sir Your most Obedt Servt

                            Jona. Trumbull Junr


Title: From George Washington to John Pray, 28 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Pray, John

                        Sir

                            Head Quarters Peekskill June 28th 1781

                        Yours of this day has been received.
                        You will be pleased to send me immediately a State of the Detachment under your Command specifying
                            particularly the number of Officers & Men in the Garrison & on the Water Guard. I am Sir Your Most Obed.
                            Servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, 28 June 1781 to 29 June 1781
From: Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            New Town the 28.-29 June 1781

                        I have the honor to inform your Excellency of my arrival here to day with the first regiment, I shall stay
                            three days to mend the Broken waggons and to assemble my corps into Brigades. I shall set off On the 2d next month with
                            the two first regiments united, and on the 3d, the 2d Brigade consisting of the two Last regiments will follow, by which
                            means the Last regiment will stay one day. On the 2d I shall arrive at ridgebury, and on the 3d at Crompon where the 2d
                            Brigade will join me on the 4th, and there I hope I shall receive your Excellency’s orders. I have already wrote to your
                            Excellency that I had left my Siege artillery, ready to imbark at Providence and that I only brought with me the field
                            pieces, Eight 12 pounders and Six howitzers, I hope they will arrive safely.
                        The corps of Lauzun shall be at ridgefield on the 2d which same day I shall be at ridgebury, and the 3d it
                            will arrive at Pinnbridge and I at Crompon. If your Excellency chuses to change any thing to these
                            movements, you will be so good as to give me your orders, here by the return of the Huzzard. I am with respect and
                            personal attachment Sir, your Excellency’s Most obedient & humble servant

                            le cte de rochambeau

                            29th June
                            P.S. in the moment that this Letter was going to be sent, major Cobb has brought that of your
                                Excellency of the 27th instant. I will stay here to day and to morrow to put every thing under proper orders, and I
                                will endeavour to set off my self after to morrow with a small escort, to go and wait on your Excellency and receive
                                your orders.
                            I beg of your Excellency to forward the inclosed packet to the ch. de La Luzerne, by a sure and speedy
                                way.


Title: From David Humphreys to Alexander Scammell, 28 June 1781
From: Humphreys, David
To: Scammell, Alexander

                            Dear Sir,Head Quarters Peekskill June 28th 1781

                        His Excellency requests the favor of your Company at dinner tomorrow if you are not engaged. At any rate he
                            wishes to see you some time to morrow without fail, & that you will bring with you, an accurate state of the Troops
                            under your command, and also of Major Porter’s Detachment; noting the present strength, and the number of men who from
                            weakness or any kind of inability, are not very capable of active service. I am, Dr Sr your Most Obedt Hble Servant


Title: From George Washington to John Stark, 28 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Stark, John

                        Sir

                            Head Quarters Peekskill 28th June 1781

                        On your arrival to take the Comand of the Troops on the Northern Frontier, you will be pleased to advise with
                            General Schuyler with respect to the Disposition of the Troops destined for the Defence of that Quarter. as that Gentlemans
                            Knowlege of every Part of that exposed Country is very good, his assistance & Council may be very usefull to
                            you—from this Motive I am induced to give you this Direction.
                        You will also consult with him with respect to furnishing the Means of Subsistance to the Troops under your
                            Comand, should you at any Time find the public Stores to be exhausted. With much Regard—I am sir Your most obedt Servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Jonathan Trumbull, Sr., 28 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Trumbull, Jonathan, Sr.

                        Dear sir

                            Head Quarters Peekskill 28th June 1781

                        Inclosed your Excellency will receive Copy of a Letter addressed to me from General Parsons, representg the
                            Situation of the Troops of your Line of the Armey.
                        I feel myself so distressed at this Representation, not only as it affects the Troops themselves, but from
                            the Apprehension I have of the Consequences which may, from their feelings, be produced to the general Service; that, altho
                            it is not within my Province to interfere with the Internal Resolutions or Determinations of the States, I did not think
                            it amiss to transmitt this Letter to your Excellency, & to beg the most serious attention of the State to its
                            Subjects.
                        Permitt me Sir! to add, that Policy alone in our present Circumstances, seem to demand that every
                            Satisfaction which can reasonably be requested, should be given to those Veteran Troops who, ’thro almost every Distress,
                            have been so long & so faithfully serving the States—as from every Representation, I have but too much Reason to
                            suppose, that the most fatal Consequences to your Line will ensue upon the total Loss of any further
                            Expectations than they at present have, of Relief from the State; & how serious will be the Consequences to our
                            present meditated Operations, should any Disturbance arise in so respectable a Body of Troops composing this Army, as that
                            from the State of Connecticut, I leave the State to reflect—for myself, I lament the Prospect, in its most distant Idea.
                        If your Legislature should not be sitting, (as I suppose they are not), Ileave it to your Excellency to
                            determine whether it is necessary immediately to convene them on this Subject—I have only to wish, that it may have as
                            early a Consideration as may be found convenient—or consistent with other Circumstances, which must be best known to your
                            Excellency. I have the Honor to be—with most perfect Esteem & Regard sir Your Excellency’s most Obedient Servant

                            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from David Cobb, 29 June 1781
From: Cobb, David
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Newtown June 29th 1781

                        I arrived here last evening, 7 o’clock, and had the honor of waiting on his Excellency the Count de
                            Rochambeau, who arrived about noon with the first division of his Troops; after a long & perticular conversation,
                            assisted by Count Chautleau, the Count de Rochambeau determin’d to sett off from this place on Sunday next & will
                            get as far as Ridgebury that night, the next day, Monday, he’ll wait on your Excellency at Head Quarters. I shall regulate
                            the Horsemen in such a manner as to give Your Excellency notice, from time to time, of the Count’s approach.
                        The second division of the Troops arrived this day, 11 o’clock, in the highest order, and to appearance very
                            little fatigue’d, tho’ they had march’d 17 Miles. I am with perfect respect Your Excellency’s most Obedt Servant

                            David Cobb


Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 29 June 1781
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

                            My dear Sir
                            New-Windsor 29 June 1781

                        I was at West point to day where I had the honor to receive your Excellencys favor of Yesterday.
                        I am sorry to learn by the extract of the letter from the board of War that things are not in a good train in
                            Pennsylvania, especially as the prospects are so good from the eastward.
                        I am very sorry that your Excellency has any doubts upon being able to carry into execution the plans which
                            you have formed for the Campaign. I hope the intelligence of the Enemy having received a reinforcement of 4000 men is
                            premature, if it is not, we shall soon have it from other quarters than the one mentioned which perhaps in the present
                            instance is liable to error.
                        In consequence of the communication you have been pleased to make me of the possibility of events taking a
                            contrary turn to our wishes, I arranged matters with General Cornell as follows.
                        The Heavy cannon (about 12 pieces) to be at Kings Ferry by the 20th of next month.
                        The first division of the powder to be at New-Windsor by the same time and the remainder to follow in
                            divisions, these at four days distance from each other, on the same route, and under proper guards.
                        The Shot, Shells, and heavy stores to be collected, and held in readiness to be transported by the 25th of
                            next month.
                        The Articles for composition, implements for the Laboratory, cartridge paper, empty cartridge, and some other
                            articles not amounting probably to more than twelve Waggon loads to be here as soon as
                            possible.
                        These directions were contain’d in a letter to the board of War of the 27th inst. of which General Cornell
                            was the bearer, and with whom I communicated fully on the supplies requested.
                        I will wait on your Excellency on Monday and if any part of the Orders shall be necessary to be changed,
                            there will then be time sufficient for that purpose.
                        I have sent the Lanthorns & rockets order’d. The former would properly require Wax or spermaceti
                            candles of which we are destitute. The latter are good, but not so large as I intend the rockets for signals. Any of the
                            Artillery officers are acquainted with the method of firing them. I have the honor to be with the greatest respect and
                            attachment Your Excellencys most obedient Servant

                            H. Knox


Title: From George Washington to Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette, 29 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Lafayette, Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de

                        My dear Marquis

                            Head Quarters near Peekskill 29th June 1781

                        The last letter I have had the pleasure of receiving from you is dated the 3d instant—I have since that heard
                            a thousand vague reports of your situation and that of the enemy, but none of them satisfactory. I fear some of your
                            letters have miscarried—as from your usual punctuality, I am certain you must have written in that time. I hope your next
                            will confirm the accounts which I have this day recd from Genl St Clair, which are that Lord Cornwallis had retreated to
                            the south side of James River.
                        The Army moved out of their quarters a few days ago and have taken their first position upon this
                            Ground—Count Rochambeau with the Van of the French army will be at Newtown, 42 Miles from hence, this night—you are
                            acquainted with our general plan—particulars I dare not enter into before I am assured from yourself that there is no
                            danger of my letters falling among those Clouds of Light Troops which you tell me in your last surround Lord Cornwallis’s
                            Army.
                        I inclose you a paper containing some very agreeable accounts from India. I hope from part of them being
                            published by the East India House in London that they are well founded.
                        Be assured My dear Marquis that my anxiety to hear from you is increased by my sincere regard for you and by
                            the interest I take in every thing which concerns you. Believe me to be most Affectionately Yours.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Sim Lee, 29 June 1781
From: Lee, Thomas Sim
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            In Council Annapolis 29th June 1781

                        We were honored with your Letter of the 7th Instant, and have the pleasure to inform your Excellency that the
                            General Assembly have passed a Law to raise two Battalions of Militia to be composed of 1340 effective Men including Non
                            Commissioned Officers to serve until the 10th Day of December next.
                        The State of Maryland sensible that it is of the utmost Importance to check the further Progress of the
                            Enemy, and to expel them from every part of the United States, are determined to make every possible Exertion for the
                            Succour of the State of Virginia, and to reinforce the Army under General Greene: they have appropriated 200,000£ to be
                            immediately struck on British confistcated and forfeited Property aided by private Subscriptions and associations, to the
                            sole purpose of carrying on the present Campaign with unremitting Vigour, and We flatter ourselves such is the Spirit of
                            the People here, and their Opinion of the Necessity of Driving the Enemy from the Continent that nothing will be left
                            undone that can be accomplished.
                        The Militia as soon as they are raised and equiped, shall be marched away by Detachments in the manner your
                            Excellency have advised.
                        We have ordered three Volunteer Troops of Militia light Horse about seventy in number to join the Marquis,
                            and expect they are with him by this Time. We have the honor to be with very high personal Respect and Esteem your
                            Excellency’s mo. Obedt and mo. Hble servts

                             Tho: S: Lee


Title: From Timothy Pickering to Jonathan Trumbull, Jr., 29 June 1781
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Trumbull, Jonathan, Jr.

                            Dear Sir,
                            Camp June 29. 1781.

                        Previous to General Schuylers demand for nails, I have ordered from Pensylvania all that could be spared from
                            the immediate services of the posts in that state; in consequence, Colo. Miles, my deputy there, sent from Philadelphia—

                                487

                                lbs.

                                spikes and deck nails

                                1099

                                30d.

                                nails

                                2081

                                24d.

                                do

                                5813

                                20d.

                                do

                                587

                                12d.

                                do

                        which were forwarded from Trenton June 22d by teams to go thro’ to Kings’ ferry.
                        These I suppose have arrived to-day at Kingsferry. Tomorrow morning my storekeeper will go down to receive
                            them. Such as suit with Genl Schuyler’s estimate will be sent to Albany without delay. Colo. Miles had no 10d. nails,
                            which are the kind most wanted for the boats: However, these, with the 8d. nails, being the smallest that are required,
                            & taking but little iron to make them, I should not despair of furnishing enough of them, even if none should come
                            from Pensylvania in consequence of my last demand. Of the sizes above mentioned there will now be more than sufficient for
                            twice the number of boats required. As the caulking of the boats is the last part of the builders work, I cannot doubt of
                            receiving oakum in time from Philadelphia, should none arrive in the interim from Springfield.
                        You will be pleased to communicate the information to the General. I am dear sir yr most obedt servt

                            T. Pickering Q.M.G.


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 29 June 1781
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Camp at Peekskill June 29. 1781

                        Major Platt having signified to me his intentions to quit my department, I immediately sought for a suitable
                            character for the office of deputy quarter master to the main army; and after due inquiry, have fixed on lieut. colo.
                            Dearborn. He has consented to serve: but being in the line of the army, he cannot be taken from thence without your
                            Excellency’s approbation, which I now solicit. The act of Congress to this point I beg leave to inclose.
                        As the regiment to which lieut. colo. Dearborn belongs is small, & has two other field officers, I
                            thought no lieutenant colonel could, on these accounts, with less inconvenience be spared from the line. Should my choice
                            meet with your Excellency’s approbation, I request you will be pleased to direct the resignation of Major Platt, &
                            the appointment of lieut. colo. Dearborn, to be announced in the general orders of to–morrow. I have the honour to be with
                            the greatest respect your Excellency’s most obedt servant

                            T. Pickering Q.M.G.


Title: To George Washington from John Pray, 29 June 1781
From: Pray, John
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir,
                            Niack June 29th 1781

                        Your Excellency’s favour of the 28th Inst. has just came to hand.
                        The inclos’d are Returns of the Strength of the block house of Water Guards at Dobbs Ferry—When I tooke
                            command of this post was orderd particularly to continue with the Water Guards, & take my Quarters at this place
                            which is about 5 miles above the block house.
                        The men in the Water Guard are exceeding good, & well diciplin’d to the boats, as they have not been
                            Reliev’d Since I have been here.
                        The Officer who is Lieut. Shailer of the Connecticut Line, is exceeding well acquainted with this duty,
                            should be glad he might be continued, likewise one of the officers at the block house, by Reason of their being acquainted
                            with the dispositions of the inhabitants, Those that are friendly as well as those which are Enemical.
                        I this moment found out that one of my boats has been down to Kings Bridge & Plunder’d a
                                family of a few smaall things which Lieut. Shailer who has the Prisoner which commanded them with him, will
                            give Your Excellency the particulars. Am with every Sentiment of Respect & esteem your Excellencys most Obedient
                            and Very Humble Servant

                            Jon. Pray Capt.


Title: General Orders, 30 June 1781
From: Washington, George
To:

                             Saturday June 30th 1781
                            Parole Gilford
                            Countersigns Hallifax
                            Ilford.

                        For the Day Tomorrow
                        Major General Parsons
                        Lieutenant Colonel Sherman
                        Major Oliver
                        Inspector 2d Massachusetts brigade
                        The General expects the pleasure of forming a junction with the French Army in the course of two days and as
                            it is his Wish to have the American Line as full and as respectable as it is in the power of our number to make it, he
                            desires that no officer will be absent from Camp except those who are upon Detachment or other unavoidable public duty and
                            directs moreover that the commanding officers of Corps will make a point of it to have all their men in the line who are
                            not absent in consequence of General orders or upon such other public duty as cannot be dispensed with.
                        The General flatters himself that it is unnecessary to exhort the officers to be careful in seeing that the
                            men with their Arms accoutrements and ammunition are in good order—But when so happy an occasion presents itself to call
                            forth the ambition of the officer and the pride of the soldier he hopes a bare hint will be sufficient.
                        Major Platt having resigned the office of Deputy Quarter master to the Main Army Lieutenant Colonel Dearborn
                            is appointed in his room and is to be respected accordingly.
                        The Detachment under Major Porter to be relieved—As these Men will be employed on the Lines it is requested
                            the Detachment may be composed of men who are the most capable of active service.
                        An orderly serjeant from each Division to be sent to the Adjutant General’s Quarters daily.
                        After Orders
                        The French Army does not come to this ground and as the General is desirous of showing all the Respect in his
                            power to those Generous Allies who are hastening with the Zeal of Friends and the ardor of Soldiers to share with us the
                            fatigues and dangers of the Campaign, He purposes to receive them at some other convenient place and for this purpose will
                            march the whole Line of the American Army now at this encampment at three o’ clock on Monday morning next.
                        The Rout, the Disposition and Order of March will be given to Major General Lord Stirling and as it is
                            possible the march of the French Troops may be impeded by unavoidable accidents the General Desires that Officers and Men
                            will take with them their Blankets and a spare shirt and a sufficiency of Provisions ready cooked to last ’till thursday
                            inclusive especially of Bread.
                        The Picquets Camp Guards Officers Guards and every man that is able to march will appear in the line except a
                            few of the most indifferent who may be left to take care of the baggage of each Brigade which ought to be drawn into as
                            narrow a Compass as may be, that the least possible number may suffice to Guard it.