Title: General Orders, 11 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To:

Head Quarters, Harlem Heights, Octobr 11th 1776.
..

Col. Ewing, Lt Col. Penrose, Major Fitzgereld, Capts. Thorne, Ballard, Packay, and Yates, to sit as a Court of Enquiry into the Conduct of Col. Van Cortlandt, and Major Dey, towards each other; to meet this afternoon at 3’O’Clock, at the Court Martial Room, and make report as soon as possible to the General—Brigade Majors to give them immediate notice.
—Talmadge Esqr: is appointed Brigade Major to Genl Wadsworth, and is to be obeyed, and respected accordingly.
As there is an absolute necessity for the business of the Army to be carried on with regularity, and to do this, that the officers of each department should have the regulation and direction of matters, appertaining to their respective Offices, in Order that they may become amenable to the public, or the Commander in Chief, when called upon—It is hereby directed by the General, that No Horse, or Waggon, shall be taken by any Officer, of whatever Rank, without an Order from Head Quarters, the Qr Mr General, or Waggon-Master General: But when either are wanted for regimental uses, the application shall go from the Commanding Officer of the regiment, in writing to the Q: M: Gl or W. M. Gl who will issue his orders therefor; and if wanted for the dispatch of public business the application to be made by

the Engineer in writing—all Teams belonging to the public, or in their pay, are to be delivered to the Quarter Master General, registered, and under his direction. The Quarter Master Generals is to take especial Care of all Grain and Hay, belonging to the Public, and see that none of it is delivered, but by his order: And as these Articles are scarce, it is ordered, that all officers, whose duty does not oblige them to be on horseback, dispose of the Horses, or send them out of Camp, immediately; as provender cannot be spared for them on any pretence.
No Boards are to be taken for the use of any Brigade, or Regiment, without orders, nor delivered but by order of the Quarter Master General, who is to make as equal a distribution among the Regiments as may be, and see they are put to the best use possible, and with as little waste, as there may be difficulty in getting them.
Mutual Complaints having been made by Mr Fisk the Engineer, and Mr Kinsey the Waggon Master against each other—A Court of enquiry of 3 Captains, and 4 Subs.—from Genl McDougall’s Brigade to sit, and report the matter, with their opinion thereon; to meet to morrow Afternoon at 3 o’Clock, at the Court Martial room.
The General being accidentally prevented, from going to the Alarm-posts this morning; if the weather is fair, he will visit the Troops to morrow morning, accompanied by the General Officers; he hopes the whole line will turn out as full as possible.
The time of the Fatigue Men going out is altered to 8 O’Clock, instead of Seven—The men are to breakfast before they go, as they are not to leave Work on that account. The General hopes the officers will exert themselves, to complete the works, as fast as possible, that the men may be the sooner covered.


Title: From George Washington to John Hancock, 11–13 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: Hancock, John

Sir
Head Quarters Harlem Heights Octobr the 11[-13]th 1776

I beg leave to inform you, that since my Letter of the 8th and 9th Instt, which I had the honor of addressing you, Nothing of importance has occurred, except that the Ships of War, which I then mentioned, in their passage up the River, took a Sloop that was at Anchor off the Mouth of Spitendevil, and Two of our Row Gallies, which they out sailed. The Crews finding that they could not prevent them falling in to the Enemys Hands, run them near the Shore & effected their own escape. From the Intelligence I have received, the Ships are now laying at Tarry Town, without having landed any men, which seemed to be apprehended by some, or attempted any thing else. Their principal views, in all probability, are, to interrupt our Navigation and to receive such disaffected persons as incline to take part against us. the former they will effect beyond all question, and I fear, that their expectations respecting the latter, will be but too fully answered.
Octr 12th. The Inclosed Copy of a Letter received last night from the Convention of this State, will shew you the apprehensions they are under, on account of the disaffected among them. I have ordered up a part of the Militia from the Massachusetts under Genl Lincoln, to prevent if possible, the consequences which they suggest may happen, and which there is reason to beleive the Conspirators have in contemplation; I am persuaded, that they are upon the Eve of breaking out, and that they will leave Nothing unessayed that will distress us, and favor the designs of the Enemy as soon as their Schemes are ripe for it.
Octobr 13th. Yesterday the Enemy landed at Frogs point about Nine miles from hence further up the Sound. their number we can not ascertain, as they have not advanced from the point, which is a kind of Island, but the Water that surrounds it is fordable at low tide. I have ordered Works to be thrown up at the passes from the point to the Main. From the great number

of Sloops, Schooners and Nine Ships that went up the Sound in the Evening full of Men, and from the information of two Deserters who came over last night, I have reason to beleive that the greatest part of their Army has moved upwards or is about to do it, pursuing their original plan of getting in our rear & cutting off our communication with the Country. The Grounds from Frogs point are strong and defensible, being full of Stone fences both along the road & across the adjacent Feilds, which will render it difficult for Artillery or indeed a large body of Foot to advance in any regular order except thro the main Road. Our Men who are posted on the passes seemed to be in good Spirits when I left ’em last night. I have the Honor to be with great respect Sir Your Most Obedt St

Go: Washington


Title: Recruiting Instructions for Colonel Edward Hand, 11 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: Hand, Edward

sir
Head Quarters Harlem Heights Oct. 11th [1776]

You are immediately to Inlist such of your Regiment or any other Troops raised in the Province of Pennsylvania as are able of Body & Willing to enter into the Service of the United States of America upon the following Terms.
1st. You are not to inlist any but Freemen able of Body & under the age of 50 carefully avoiding all persons Labouring under any Lameness or other Defect of Body prejudicial to the Service. If any such persons or any Boys or decripit persons are brought into the Service the Officer inlisting them will be chargeable with the Expence they may be to the publick.

2dly. You are not to inlist any Deserters from the Army of the King of Great Britain or persons of Disaffected and Suspicious Character—the American Service having already Suffered greatly by the Desertion of such persons.
3dly. you are to inlist Men to serve during the Continuance of the present War between Great-Brittain & the States of American unless sooner Discharged by proper Authority.
4thly. The Men inlisted by you are to be Subject to the Rules & Articles for the Government of the Army published by Congress the 20th Sepr 1776 and are to sign those Articles.
As an Encouragement to such persons as shall inlist in the above Service you are Authorized to engage besides the Pay & Provisions now allowed.
1st. Each Soldier shall Receive 20 Dollars Bounty Money on being approved by a Majr Genl a Brigr Gen. or Colo. Comdt of a Brigade.
Secondly—He shall also be intitled to 100 Acres of Land at the expiration of his inlistment & in Case of his Death in the Service his Representatives will be intitled thereto.
When any Person is enlisted you are as soon as convenient to take him to some person duly Authorised by the above Articles to take the Oath there Prescribed.


Title: To George Washington from Major General William Heath, 11 October 1776
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

Dear General
Kingsbridge Octr 11th 1776

I have Just Received the Honor of yours of this Day’s date, and am fully Convinced that a Work should be thrown up without the Least Loss of Time at the mouth of Spiten devil—If Colonel Putnam and Colo. Knox Can be spared a few hours I wish Your Exellency would please to Send them Here in Order to Trace out a Proper Work, and Determine what Ordnance will be necessary to be Mounted at the Mouth or on the Heights, on the North River, I have Sent to General Lincoln desiring him to be here as Soon as Possible when I shall Communicate to him what your Excellency has Directed, Which I shall Aim to do in Such Manner, as to rouse to Vigilance and avoid alarm. I have the Honor to be with great Respect Your Exellencys Most Humble Sert

W. Heath


Title: To George Washington from Edmund Randolph, 11 October 1776
From: Randolph, Edmund
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Wmsburg [Va.] Octr 11. 1776.

I congratulate your Excellency, as a Friend to the Reputation of Virginia, and the Interests of the Continent, that Colo. Harrison is again restored to the Councils of America. During his Absence at the Northward, he had been appointed one of our privy Council, but refused to qualify, as such. This afforded him an Opportunity, to vindicate himself from those malicious Insinuations, which first brought about his Disgrace. For he informed the Assembly, that his Honour, which had been so deeply wounded on a former Occasion, forbid him to accept any Office whatever, until the Stigma, impliedly fixed upon his Character by recalling him Home, was wiped away. His Defence, if that could be called a Defence, the Object of which was to efface unworthy Impressions, made by Accusers, who whispered Poison, and dar’d not shew themselves in open Day—was spirited without any Degree of Bravadoing, and satisfactory even to those, who were prejudiced against him. With this happy Revolution in their Opinion of an honest, and able Statesman, the Senate and House of Delegates, in the whole amounting to seventy four Members, have sent him back to Congress, in the Room of Mr Jefferson, who has resigned, with a Ballot of 69 to 5. These five are supposed to be the Remains of a certain Party, not unknown to your Excellency. Nor was this all. they farther thanked him for his past Services Nem: Con: In short, his late Disappointment has served to raise his Credit to a higher Pitch.

Our Soldiery are in a Situation, truly distressing to themselves, and the Country. To themselves, as they are now labouring under severe Autumnal Disorders, many of which prove Mortal, and to the Country, as we are apprehensive, that the upland People, on whom we chiefly depend for the Recruits, should be disgusted with the Service in the lower Parts which engender such Maladies. From what Cause the present general Sickness proceeds, I know not: but Wmsburg, which has hitherto been proverbial for general Health, is now notorious for the Contrary. The Assembly talk out of Doors upon the Subject of new Levies: but for God’s Sake from whence are they to be obtained? I hear, that our second Regiment, whose Term of Inlistment expired in September last, has little Prospect of Renewal: An ungenerous Neglect prevails in the upper Counties concerning the Defence of the lower. To be ingenuous, I am afraid, we can get neither Clothing or Arms for any more Troops. I am Dr Sir yr Excellency’s much oblig’d affte Servt

Edm: Randolph


Title: From George Washington to Major General Philip Schuyler, 11 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: Schuyler, Philip

Dear Sir
Head Qutrs Heights of Harlem Octo: 11th 1776.

I this Morning received Your Favor of the 7th inst., and am to inform You, That It is not in my Power to supply You with a single Nail, nor are they to be procured in Philadelphia, as General Mifflin tells Me, Who has just returned from thence. For Want of them, we are building here, Huts of sod, Logs &ca to cover the Troops & Which I am in Hopes will make a tolerable Good shift.
Since My Letter of Yesterday, Nothing has occurred & I have only to add That I am Dr Sir, Your most Obedt servt

Go: Washington


Title: General Orders, 12 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To:

Head Quarters, Harlem Heights, Octobr 12th 1776.

The General orders, that one man from every Mess, be kept cooking, till there are provisions dressed for three days—The Butchers are also to keep killing.


Title: To George Washington from the Board of War, 12 October 1776 [letter not found]
From: Board of War
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from the Board of War, 12 Oct. 1776. On 22 Oct. Robert Hanson Harrison wrote to the Board of War: “I am directed by his Excellency, whose business has called him from hence, to acknowledge his receipt of your Favors of the 12th and 15th Instt, and to inform you in Answer to the first, that he will mention the case of the French Gentn to Genl Lee, and obtain his Opinion as to the best mode of providing for ’em in a usefull way. The Horses belonging to the Light Dragoons, who were taken, he thinks will be very serviceable, and he will write to Genl Ward or One of the Agents to purchase them” (DNA:PCC, item 152).


Title: To George Washington from Major General Nathanael Greene, 12 October 1776
From: Greene, Nathanael
To: Washington, George

Dear General
Fort Constitution [Fort Lee, N.J.] Octo. 12th [1776] 5 OClock

I am inform’d a large body of the Enemies Troop have landed at Froggs point. If so I suppose the Troops here will be wanted there. I have three Brigades in readiness to reinforce you; General Clintons Brigade will march first. General Nixons next and then the Troops under the command of General Roberdeau. I dont Apprehend any danger from this quarter at present[.] if the force on your side are insufficient I hope these three Brigades may be Ordered over and I with them and leave General Ewings Brigade to Guard the Post. If the Troops are wanted over your side or likely to be in the morning, they should be got over in the latter part of the Night as the Shiping may move up from below and impede if not totally stop the Troops from passing. I wait your Excellencys further commands. Should be

glad to know where the Enemy has landed & their numbers. I am with great respect Your Excellencys Obedient Servant

N. Greene

N.B. The Tents upon Staten Island have been all Struck as far as discovery has been made.


Title: To George Washington from Robert R. Livingston, 12 October 1776
From: Livingston, Robert R.
To: Washington, George

Sir:
Oct. 12th, 1776

I should do injustice toward the politeness & attention with which your Excellency has been pleased to listen to the crude opinions which I have some times offered if I did not (without any appology) deliver my sentiments on the present alarming state of this Colony & submit to your Excellencys better judgment such measures as will (in my Idea) be most likely to eleviate the evills I apprehend. While the army remained at New York I saw the possibility of their retreats being cut off & moved & got such a resolution in our Convention as I thought would contribute to your Excellencys satisfaction on their head—Since I was persuaded then & the (event has justified that persuasion) that your Excellency saw the danger & remained in New York till the propriety of removing should be thought in compliance with the prejudices of others & least you should be charged with unnecessarily abandoning that City. Since upon experiment it appears contrary to the general sentiment that the obstructions in the river are ineffectual the present situation of the army tho not exactly similar bears some resemblance to that in which it was at New York.
The enemy may still land above & reduce your Excellency to the necessity of attacking them at their Landing or of suffering them to seize upon advantageous passes from which it will be impossible to dislodge them for such is the peculiar situation of the Country & the vicinity of the sound will it be very difficult

so to station themselves as to cut of all supplyes going to your camp or at least render them extremely hazardous. This too may in my opinion be done with a part of their forces while the remainder having by this means their retreat secured may ravage the Country, encourage the disaffected & by their assistance without danger carry their arms even to Albany, which would greatly endanger the northern army who for want of teams hors’s &c which are not to be procured in that almost uninhabited country could not remove any part of their stores if so or even so much provision as would subsist them on their way down if they attempted to march to Albany. Stay they could not, nor would any other means be left them but to retreat in to New England without artillery, stores or provisions in which case their strength would soon be disipated by desertions or the whole to be obliged to release separate for want of the necessary stores. It may be asked whether these passes can not be secured by the militia of our states. I assure your excellency as an undoubted fact that we have already made our utmost exertions that our secret enemies are numerous & implacable that the whole force that we have ventured to call out on this occasion is three hundred men & that we have little reason to expect that even these can be obtained, add to this that the western part of Connecticut are by no means to be depended upon.
In this situation I humbly conceive that two things are necessary, one of them I suggested long since to our Convention who approving the same it was mentioned to your Excellency & not carried into execution for reason which had then great weight, but from an alteration of circumstances do no longer operate, I mean the marching a body of force from New England either militia or others to Beron river or some other strong grounds that commands the passes into Connecticut. This I believe may now be done without any great difficulty only by collecting the troops that are scattered along the sound.
The next is to order up one or two regiments to secure the passes in the highlands & at the same time to form a strong camp a little above where the ships now are which may from the nature of the ground be done with out any great numbers of men & who w’d make it dangerous for an enemy to have them on their rear, this indeed will lesten the army at New York but it will at the same time add to their real strength since it will

either reduce the enemy to the necessity of marching the lines in front or if they sh’d Land above expose themselves to the danger of being hemmed in by three armies. This I dare say they will not attempt & I promise myself much from the bear reputation of three such bodies besides that they would enable you [to] collect a new army in case of a defeat below.
I dare say your Excellency sees the necessity of carrying up magazines of provision & materials for Barrackes in some part of this Country that the want of them should not in case of any unfortunate accident oblige the army to separate. Where not the treasury of this state exhausted by the uncommon expence to which we have been put by the disaffection of our own people, the debt that is due from the Continent & the disappointments we have met with in not being able to strike money yet, the Convention of this state would have at their own risque have done some thing therein. Your Excellency sees the opinion I have of your patience & good nature in my venturing to obtrude upon them these crude & hasty remarks, yet I may possibly find some excuse for them as my anxiety for the success of the great cause in which your Excellency is engaged to support & my knowledge of a Country which your Excellency had no leisure to explore.

ROBERT R. LIVINGSTON.


Title: To George Washington from Colonel Joseph Phillips, 12 October 1776
From: Phillips, Joseph
To: Washington, George

[c.12 October 1776]

The Address of Joseph Phillips, Colonel of a Battalion of Jersey Levies, Sheweth: That your Excellency’s adressor, hath viewed with infinite regret, the Enemies Ships of War passing

by us up the North River, opposite Mount Washington, with impunity: owing in a great measure, he humbly conceives, to the bad Construction of some of our Batteries, & the want of others in more suitable places: To remedy which, he begs leave to propose, that he (with the fatigue Men of Genl Heard’s Brigade if your Excellency pleases) will finish the Battery on the Rocks near the River side, which he began in July last; & will also construct & compleat another small one for four Guns, a little above, nearer Mount Washington, that will rake or scour the River side both up & down; the Embrasures of which, made so, that a piece of Ordnance may either be elevated or Depressed, as occasion may require. Your Excellency’s Addressor, with very great deference, is Confident that Cannon planted & properly Mann’d at the proposed Batteries, will annoy the Enemies Shipping abundantly more than those at any other place or places contiguous to our Vesseaux De Frize.
Your Addressor begs leave to mention that he hath some little experience in the Engineers Branch that he acquired in the course of Five Years that he served His Britanic Majesty last War, tho’ not immediately employed as an Engineer, yet under the special instruction & direction of Capt. Harry Gordon on the Ohio, & Col. Patrick Mackellar &c. in the West Indies, having served with them at the Seiges of Martinico & Havannah. He hath no sinister, or Ostentatious motive that influences him, his only ambition is to contribute his Mite, to the service of his Native Country, and merit your Excellency’s approbation—for whom he possesses the most profound regard & Esteem And is His most Obedt humble Servt

Jos. Phillips


Title: General Orders, 13 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To:

Head Quarters, Harlem Heights, Octob: 13th 1776.
..

The General expressly orders, that the men have four days provisions ready dressed, at all times, for which purpose the Commissaries, or the Deputies, are to keep the Butchers constantly killing, till such supply is had, and one man from every Mess is to be kept cooking—The commanding Officers of regiments, and others, are most earnestly requested to see this order carried into immediate execution.
Supplies of Ammunition may now be had, so that any Officer who now neglects getting what is necessary, must be accountable to his Country, and the men under his command.
When any Regiments are about to march, they are to have their Tents struck, rolled up, and a Guard under the Command of a careful Officer, to attend them, and the Baggage; who is not under any pretence to leave them, without orders.
As the Enemy seem now to be endeavouring to strike some stroke, before the Close of the Campaign, the General most earnestly conjures, both Officers and Men, if they have any Love for their Country, and Concern for its Liberties; regard to the safety of their Parents, Wives, Children and Countrymen; that they will act with Bravery & Spirit, becoming the Cause in which

they are engaged; And to encourage, and animate them so to do, there is every Advantage of Ground and Situation, so that if we do not conquer, it must be our own faults—How much better will it be to die honorable, fighting in the field, than to return home, covered with shame and disgrace; even if the cruelty of the Enemy should allow you to return? A brave and gallant behaviour for a few days, and patience under some little hardships, may save our Country, and enable us to go into Winter Quarters with safety and honour.
The marching of some troops to Kingsbridge, makes it necessary to reduce the Picquet to 600 Men, and the Fatigue proportionably.


Title: To George Washington from Major General William Heath, 13 October 1776
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

Dear General
Kingsbridge Octr 13th 1776

I would have wrote your Excellency Earlier this morning, But have waited to have Intelligence from the Two Regiments near frogs Point, which I have but Just Received, a Large number of vessells, Ships, Brigs, Schooners, Sloops Lighters &c. Saild through Hell gate yesterday afternoon, and Came to anchor last night off Frogs Point, where they still remain, during the night, Lanthorns were Lighted and hung out at their Yard Arms which made a very Extraordinary Appearance, There has been no movement this morning, but all Still & Quiet both at Frogs Point, and Morrisania and but few Troops have been Seen at frogs Point[.] whether, this Manœuvre is a Fient or not is yet Uncertain, I Beleive our Readiness to meet them yesterday at

the Bridge & Pass over the Marsh has Disopointed them, a Small work has been Thrown up at each of the before mentioned Posts—I shall order a Reinforcement to Support those Posts—every Occurrunce worthy of notice shall be Immediately Transmitted to Your Excellency. I have the Honor to be with great respect your Excellency’s most Huble Servt

W. Heath


Title: From George Washington to Colonel Thomas Tash, 13 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: Tash, Thomas

Sir
Head Quarters 13th Octo. 1776

Since I wrote you by Lt Colo. Welch upon the Subject of fixing on Quarters for your Troops, I have received from the Committee of Safety for this State such an Account of its alarming Situation owing to the numbers of disaffected, together with the little Confidence that can be placed on the Militia of some of the Counties, that I find it necessary to order a part of the New Hampshire Troops to their Assistance, and do therefore direct you to march your Regiment with all possible dispatch to Fish Kills, where you will receive further directions from the Committee—I think it will be proper to send an Officer forward to give the Committee notice of your coming, that they may Assign

you the places where it will be most suitable to post your Men. I am sir Your most Obed. Servt

G.W.

⟨P.⟩S. do not delay ⟨y⟩our march a moment, nor the sending an Officer ⟨to⟩ the Convention of this State now setting at The Fish Kills.


Title: To George Washington from Jonathan Trumbull, Sr., 13 October 1776
From: Trumbull, Jonathan Sr.
To: Washington, George

Sr
New Haven Octor 13th 1776

Since mine of the 11th Instant by express have Received pretty Sure Intelligence that a plan is forming by the Noted Majr Rogers a famous Partisan or Ranger in the last Warr now in the Service of Genl How on Long Island where he is Collecting a Battallion of Tories with Such as he can procure from the Main many of which we understand have lately Stole over to join him and who are perfectly acquainted with every inlet and avenue into the Towns of Greenwich, Stamford & Norwalk where are Considerable quantities of Continental Stores, the designe of Rogers as far as we can learn is from Huntingdon to make a Sudden discent in the Night more especially on the

Town, of Norwalk, not only to take the Stores there but to Burn & destroy all before them there, It is to be noted that about two hours will bring them over in the Night from Huntingdon to Norwalk or the other Towns mentiond in & near which are many Tories expected to join them, The Militia lately returned into those Towns & others near are mostly Sick and Infirm—I have understood ⟨that⟩ the New Hampshire Militia on their way for your Army ⟨were⟩ ordered to be Stationd for a while at Norwalk & Greenwich or Horseneck but find now they are all moved forward from Norwalk, I thought ⟨it⟩ my duty to acquaint your Excellency with every Intelligence from the Enemy & of their designes that you might take Such Steps as you Should think proper to counteract them[.] The Towns mentiond are much Alarm’d especially Norwalk who have taken an active part In bringing of Inhabitants, Stock, & Stores from Long Island and are particularly threatned with reprisals, being made upon them[.] I have orderd Capt. Niles in the Spy to Cruise along the Sound as far Westward as it will be Safe for him to goe which is perhaps as far as Byram River, he is now in that quarter, I understand there is two Small Privateer Sloops now at or near Norwalk (viz.) Capts. Rogers & Pond[.] the one believe belongs to the State of New York the other Continental, but am Informed they are about leaving that Station[.] if they with Niles were to Cruise back & forward along ⟨the⟩ Sound & towards the Western part they might be of Special Service to prevent any Sudden Incursion of parties of the Enemy from Long Island as well as be Safe Convoys for your Stores along the Coast to Byram but Niles only can be under my direction[.] your Plan for a discent on Long Island is ripening as fast as possible to be put in execution, & as far as I Can learn by Colol Livingston he cannot make out of those assigned to him above Eleven or 1200 Men[.] wheather he ought not to be joind or reinforced by as many as to make up two thousand or more must Submit to your Excellency on whose knowledge and judgment I can most Safely relye—I have inclosed the Copies of two Letters discover’d or forced from the possesior for your perusal but the most particular account of Rogers Intentions are from a Friendly woman of good Character who made her escape from Huntingdon a few Nights agoe where Rogers with his Party then was[.] Our Assembly are now Sitting at this place & will have to make out the

Arrangement of the officers for the New Army ⟨before⟩ they rise[.] therefore should be glad your Excellency ⟨would⟩ forward the list desired as soon as may be, as I expect ⟨one⟩ from Genl Gates of those in his Department in a few days.


Title: From George Washington to Major General Artemas Ward, 13 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: Ward, Artemas

Sir
Head Qrs Harlem Heights Octobr 13th 1776

I have been favoured with your two Letters of the 3d & 6th Instt. in answer to the first, I am not only willing, but shall be

much obliged by your Settling with the Gentn to whom Money was advanced for purchasing Arms & for which purpose I have transmitted a List of the Warrants that were drawn in their favor. Before I left Cambridge some of the Gentlemen, (three, four or more of them) accounted with me, but having sent away my Book, in which their Names and the ballances they paid in, were entered, some time before the evacuation of New-York, I cannot particularise them, and therefore have forwarded a List of the whole.
In respect to the latter, and the Invoice it contains, as the Articles seem all to be necessary, and many of them are much wanted, I think you can not do better, than by ordering them to be sent to the Qr Master General for the use of the Army here.
We are again deprived of the Navigation of the North River, and the Supplies which used to come thro that Channel, by means of the Enemy’s fleet, Three of their Ships of War with three or four Tenders having passed our Batteries and Chivaux de frise on the Morning of the 9th without any apparent damage from the former, tho a heavy fire was kept up, as they went by, or any interruption from the latter. they now lay at Tarry Town Twenty five or thirty miles above this.
Yesterday the Enemy landed a considerable body of Men at Frogs point, about Nine miles from hence, up the Sound, and several Vessels following in the Evening with Troops on board, and from the information received from Two Deserters who came out last night, we have reason to beleive, that their Main force is now there, and that they have in view, the prosecution of their Original plan, that of getting in our rear & cutting off our communication with the Country. the place they are at, is rather an Island than a point, on every Flood tide being surrounded by Water. I have posted a part of our force, on the passes leading from it, & have directed some small Works to be thrown up for their security. I am Sir Yr Most Obedt Servt

Go: Washington


Title: General Orders, 14 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To:

Head Quarters, Harlem Heights, Octobr 14th 1776

Col. Bailey’s regiment is immediately to join Genl Clinton’s Brigade, at present under the Command of Col. Glover—Col. Lippets Regt is to join Genl McDougall’s Brigade—Each of these regiments are to take their Tents and Cooking Utensils, and to lose no time—The two Connecticut Regiments, under the Command of Col. Storrs and Major Greaves, (not upon York Island) are to be in readiness to march into Westchester, at a moments warning.
The Brigades which will then remain on the Island, will be in two Divisions; the first composed of Heards, Beall’s and Weedon’s, to be under the Command of Major Genl Putnam—The second consisting of Lord Stirling’s, Wadsworth’s, and Fellows’s, to be under the Command of Major General Spencer.
Genl Putnam will attend particularly to all the works, and necessary places of defence, from the Line which was intended to be run across from Head Quarters, inclusively up to, and including the Works upon, the Island above that place, as far as hath usually been considered as belonging to this division of the Army—He will also attend particularly to the Works about Mount Washington, and to the obstructions in the River, which should be increased as fast as possible.
Genl Spencer is to take charge of all the Works from Head Quarters, to our front lines, to the South; and attend particularly to all weak places; seeing they are secured as well as time, and circumstances will permit: But as there may be more fatigue Men wanted in one division than the other, they are each to furnish for such Works as the Chief Engineer shall direct; seeing that the duty fall equally upon the officers and men of each division.
A Report is immediately to be made, by the commanding Officers of Regiments, to their several Brigadiers, of the state of

ready dress’d Provisions, that if there be any Neglect, or deficiency the one may be punished and the other rectified.
The Court Martial of which Col. Weedon was President is dissolved—A new one to be formed, Col. Ewing to preside.


Title: Lieutenant Colonel Robert Hanson Harrison to John Hancock, 14–17 October 1776
From: Harrison, Robert Hanson
To: Hancock, John

Sir
Head Qrs Harlem Heights Octor 14[-17]th 1776

His Excellency having gone this Morning to visit our posts beyond Kings bridge and the Several passes leading from Frog’s point and the Necks adjacent, I have the honor to inform you by his command, that no interesting event has taken place since his Letter by Yesterdays post.
Every days intelligence from the Convention of this State, holds forth discoveries of New plots, and of new conspiracies. Some of the Members seem to apprehend, that insurrections are upon the Eve of breaking out, and have suggested the necessity of seizing and securing the passes thro the Highlands, lest the disaffected should do it. their preservation being a matter of the greatest importance, his Excellency notwithstanding the situation we are in with respect to Troops, has detached Colo. Tash with his Regiment lately from New Hampshire, in addition to the Militia mentioned in his last, with directions to receive Orders from the Convention as to the Station & posts he is to occupy.
There are now in our possession, Several persons, Inhabitants of this State who had engaged to join the Enemy, and who were intercepted in going to them; there are also two, who confess they have been with them and that they had actually engaged in their service; but finding the Terms, (the bounty, pay &c.) not so advantageous as they expected from the information they

had received, they were induced to return. As the Affairs of this Government are in a precarious situation, and such as the Convention themselves, seem to think, forbid their interposition, farther than taking measures to apprehend them, His Excellency would wish to obtain the sentiments of Congress and their direction, upon a Subject so extremely critical and delicate, and which in the consideration of it, involves many important consequences.
Your favor of the 9th with its several Inclosures, his Excellency received Yesterday morning by the Express, who proceeded immediately on his Journey.
Octob. 17th. I am directed by his Excellency to acquaint you, that we are again obliged to change our disposition to counteract the Operations of the Enemy declining an Attack upon our Front, they have drawn the main body of their Army to Frogs point with a design of Hemming us in, and drawing a line in our Rear. to prevent the consequences which would but too probably follow the execution of their Scheme, the General Officers determined Yesterday, that our forces must be taken from hence, and extended towards East & West Chester so as to out flank them. Genl Lee who arrived on Monday, has strongly urged the absolute necessity of the measure. It is proposed to leave a Garrison at Fort Washington, and to maintain it if possible, in order to preserve the Communication with the Jerseys. They are landing their Artillery & Waggons upon the point, and there are now several boats passing up the Sound full of Men. I have the Honor to be with the greatest respect Sir Yr Most Obedt Servt

Rob. H. Harrison

P.S. The post having not come in since Sunday till today, has been the occasion of not writing you since that time. he was expected as usual which prevented an Express being sent.


Title: To George Washington from Lieutenant Colonel Henry Beekman Livingston, 14 October 1776
From: Livingston, Henry Beekman
To: Washington, George

May it please your Excellency.
Say Brook [Conn.]14th Octr 1776.

Last Wednesday I had a Conference with Governour Trumbull at New Haven, I laid before him the Plan I had formed for our Expedition, which was as follows, we were immediately to engage fourteen Hundred Ton of Vessels, Seven Hundred of which being Sufficient to carry our whole Detatchment, were to be Stationed at Oysterpond Point, with Instructions to wait till farther Orders from us unless disturbed by the Enemies Shiping, when that happened, they were to make some secure Port on the Continent, and whenever Danger disappeared they were

to resume their Stations. the Other Seven Hundred Tons are to be Stationed at Satauket about Twenty Miles farther westward with the like Instructions that in case we should be baffled at one Place we may proceed to the other[.] we will have as I am informed by Governour Trumbull Ninety Whale Boats[.] they will Land Nine Hundred Men at a Time, they are not yet arrived at New London but are expected in to Night. To morrow I fancy they will be here. they are to take in our Detatchment and proceed for Fairfield from whence we are to land as many Men as we Conveniently Can on the west side of Huntington in order to cut off the Communication of Three Companies of Troops Stationed at that Place, as soon as this can be effected, the Whale Boats are to Proceid to Mill Creek and Carry across into Southold Harbour where they are to wait for us unless Circumstances permit us with Safety and Secresy to get them into South Bay, if that should be the Case they are to follow us as far as Huntington—and take in our Baggage in Case Necessity should Oblige us to Make a Retreat, Head Quarters on Long Island are now made at Flushing about Twenty Eight Miles from Huntington where a Guard is kept; the Inhabitants are much Oppressed being Prohibited threshing their Grain or Selling their Hay, which Transports are now Loading with at Huntington[.] all the Vessels they Could lay their hands on have been Taken up and ordered to Flushing where their Guard is kept no other part of the Island except that Place and Huntington being Guarded excep[t] a few Men in the Forts Opposite the N. York. Major Rogers is at Huntington tho I cannot hear that he has the Command. The Accounts I have now given You may be depended on, they are given by a Brother to one of our Lieutenants who has been Concealed among them for some time, but has at length made his escape with three others and got Safe to this side, the Enemy were in pursuit of him when he came away, I send you by this Conveyance My Returnes and the Original Papers sent Coll Fanning, of which I formerly sent Copies to Your Excellency being informed by General Clinton of their Consequence, I sent a Party immediately after my leaving New Haven in order to Surprize Coll Fanning and Major Conkling and Seize their Papers[.] this was effected, no papers were found on Major Conkling tho I was told he had been very active:

after giving me his Parole he has been permitted to Return again to Long Island. Coll Fanning at his Request, I have permitted to proceid for Convention in order to Clear up his Character, after Exacting his Parole, to take with him and Deliver to Convention the Proofs I had Collected of his being inimical to us—I expect it will be the latter end of the Week before our Descent will be made, I shall with all my Powers forward it—tho’ Govr Trumbull is of Oppinion the force allowed is not adequate to the Undertaking tho’ I cant help Differing from his Honour in this Particular[.] I enclose Your Excellency his Letter sent me on that Subject with two others intercepted at New Haven and Alluded to in the Governor’s Letter, Your Excellency will at once see that they are wrote by some very illiterate Persons who are easily made to believe any thing. I remain your Excellencies Most Obt Humble Sert

Henry B: Livingston


Title: To George Washington from Jonathan Trumbull, Sr., 14 October 1776
From: Trumbull, Jonathan Sr.
To: Washington, George

Sir
New Haven Octr 14. 1776

By Capt. Tinker, am inform’d of the Misfortune and Situation of the Row Gallies sent into the Continental Service from this

State—and as Circumstances are alter’d respecting them, since my last to you on the Subject of dismissing their Crews and Arms, must again request your Attention to that Matter—That the Crew of the Crane, Capt. Tinker, who escaped, may be dismissed and admitted to return to the Employment of this State, and that if the Crews of the other two Gallies can be of no further Service to you, they likewise may be dismissed, of one or both, as you see fit, as we can employ them to advantage on Board our arm’d Vessels fitting out, into which Service they are desireous of entering—The Gallies being employ’d in the Service of the Continent are esteemd to be at the Continental Care & Risque—This State readily Submit to your Excellencys Direction what is requisite & proper relative to the Men and their Arms. I Am with Esteem & Respect Sir your most Obedt humble Servt

Jonth; Trumbull


Title: To George Washington from Captain Richard Varick, 14 October 1776
From: Varick, Richard
To: Washington, George

Sir
Albany October 14th 1776 half after three P.M.

I do myself the Honor to inclose Copy of a Letter from General Arnold to General Gates transmitted by the Latter from Tyonderoga & this Moment received in General Schuyler’s absence who is now on his Way to Saratoga.
The Lead arrived at Fort George on Saturday last and was immediately forwarded—The powder left this on the same Day and is probably now at or near Fort George, where it will not be delayed a Moment, the commanding officer having General Schuyler’s Direction to forward it instantly on its Arrival, to the Army. I am very respectfully Your Excellency’s obedient & most humble Servant

Richd Varick


Title: General Orders, 15 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To:

Head Quarters, Harlem Heights, Octobr 15th 1776
.

Col. Joseph Reed’s Regiment is to join Genl McDougall’s Brigade and Col. Hutchinson’s (when the Work he is ordered to execute is finished[)], is to join Genl Clinton’s Brigade, at present under the Command of Col. Glover.
Sergeant’s, Ward’s and Chester’s, regiments, and the regiment commanded by Lieut: Col. Storrs, are to form a Brigade & be under the Command of Col. Sergeant.
Col. Storr’s and the Regiment under Major Greaves, are to march immediately into Westchester—The first to join the Brigade he is appointed to; the other to join the Regiments commanded by Cols: Douglass and Ely, and with them be under the Command of Genl Salstonstall; as Cols: Horseford’s and Major Rogers’s Regiments are (but to remain where they at present are, ’till further orders) These five Regiments to compose Genl Salstonstall’s brigade.
The other two Connecticut Regiments, encamped upon Harlem River, opposite Head Quarters, are for the present, from their situation, to be annexed to Genl Parsons’s Brigade, and be under his command.
The Brigades are now to be formed into Divisions (those on York Island as mentioned in Yesterday’s Orders) Nixon’s, McDougall’s, and that commanded by Col. Glover, to compose one, under the Command of Major Genl Lee—Parsons’s, Scott’s, and Clinton’s another, under the Command of Major Genl Heath—Salstonstall’s, Sergeant’s and Hand’s, another, under the Command of Major General Sullivan; and the Massachusetts Militia another, under the Command of Major Genl Lincoln.

The General in most pressing terms exhorts all Officers commanding divisions, brigades and regiments &c. to have their Officers, and the Men, under their respective Commands, properly informed of what is expected from them; that no Confusion may arise in case we should be suddenly called to Action, which there is no kind of doubt, is near at hand, and he hopes, and flatters himself, that the only contention will be, who shall render the most acceptable service to his Country, and his Posterity. The General also desires, that the Officers will be particularly attentive to the men’s Arms & Ammunition, that there may be no deficiency, or application for Cartridges, when we are called into the field.


Title: To George Washington from Colonel Jacob Bayley, 15 October 1776
From: Bayley, Jacob
To: Washington, George

Sr
Fish Kells [N.Y.] October 15th 1776

I was determined to have waited on your Excelencey befor this but am detained here being a Member of the Convention of this State I Send by the Hand of Mr William Wallace an account of the Expence of the Road from Newbury to St Johns. untill we retreated with the Stores Provided to Compleat the Same which were moved on the road thirty Miles I only Charge what

was Expended until our return the remaindor I Expended In the Defence of our Frontiers which to us much needed. what Tools we had Provided are kept In Store which I will Make a return of and Dispose of as Directed Two Horses also remaining I will make The best of I am able when I return.
as I Ingaged the hands Immedeate Payment Should be Glad the account Sent or So much as appears reasonable might be Paid Mr William Wallace whose Discharge or Recipt I Elow as my own. I am Sr your Excelencys most obedient Humble Servt

Jacob Bayley


Title: To George Washington from John Hancock, 15 October 1776 [letter not found]
From: Hancock, John
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from John Hancock, 15 Oct. 1776. On 18 Oct. GW wrote to Hancock: “I was Yesterday morning honoured with your favor of the 15th.”


Title: From George Washington to Brig. Gen. Hugh Mercer, 15 October 1776 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Mercer, Hugh

Letter not found: to Brig. Gen. Hugh Mercer, 15 Oct. 1776. On 16 Oct. Mercer wrote to GW: “Your Instructions of October the 15th I shall immediately set about observing.”


Title: To George Washington from Richard Peters, 15 October 1776
From: Peters, Richard
To: Washington, George

Sir
War Office [Philadelphia] October 15th 1776

The Board of War have endeavoured to form an exact Acct of Ordinance Stores, in the several Departments, as well as of those in the Magazine under their immediate Notice here, But from the Want of accurate Returns they have not yet been enabled to accomplish their Design. If these Returns were made

monthly the Board would be enabled in some degree to anticipate the Wants of Amunition in the Army and keep up the supply as far as may be in their power. I have it in Direction to request your Excellency will order a Return to be forthwith made of all Ordinance Stores in your Department and that you would be pleased to direct as exact Returns to be made monthly as the situation of the Army will admit. As well as Accounts of the Men, as to their Numbers and Capacity to do Duty, Returns should, if possible, be made of their Arms & Accoutriments & also of the Rations drawn from the Commissary of Provisions as it has been said that Regiments not half full draw their Rations as if they were complete; with how much Justice this has been said cannot be clearly known but if monthly Returns were made from the Commissaries Office of the Rations drawn by each Regiment, the Returns from the Adjutant General would shew whether they had exceeded in their Number of Rations what they were justly entitled to. A List of the Army is making out wherein at one View every thing relating to each Regiment will be seen. But the fluctuating State of the Army has prevented that Accuracy which it is hoped will be shewn in the Millitary Affairs of the Continent when they shall, by the new Establishment, be put upon a more permanent, & of Course a more respectable Footing. I have the Honour to be with the greatest Respect Your very obedt humble Servant

Richard Peters Secy


Title: From George Washington to Jonathan Trumbull, Sr., 15 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: Trumbull, Jonathan Sr.

Sir
Head Quarters Harlem Heights October 15th 1776

I was last night favored with your letter of the 6th instant with the return of Prisoners in your State for which I thank you—It is properly made out—Every day’s intelligence from the Convention of this State informs of Plots and Conspiracies that are in agitation among the disaffected. The enclosed copy of a letter which I received yesterday from Robert R. Livingston Esqr. one of the Members and who is of the Continental Congress will shew you his idea of the situation of affairs in this Government and their apprehensions of insurrections. The observations he has been pleased to favor me with through the whole of his letter seem to me to be too well founded. The movements of the Enemy, their having sent up some of their Ships in the North River, their landing a large proportion, if not the main body of their Army on Frogs Point (or rather Island as it is surrounded by water every flood tide) nine miles above this on the Sound, added to these, the information of deserters, all afford a strong presumption, nay, almost a certainty, that they are pursuing their original plan of getting in our rear and cutting off all our supplies. Our situation here is not exactly the same as it was at New York. It is rather better. However, as we are obliged to divide our force and guard every probable place of attack as well as we can—as most of our Stores are here and about Kings Bridge, and the preservation of the communication with the States on the other side of Hudson’s River a matter of great importance, it will not be possible for me to detach any more assistance than what I have already done for the purpose of securing the passes in the Highlands. I have sent Colo. Tash lately from New Hampshire with his Regiment, upon the business, and as it is of the utmost consequence to possess those passes, and to hold them free and open, I would beg leave to submit to your consideration, whether you can spare any aid upon this interested occasion. I know your exertions already are great, in the Service in this and the Northern Army, and nothing could have

induced me to mention this matter to you, were it not for the alarming and melancholy consequences which will result from the Enemy’s possessing themselves of those communications. The Regiment I have ordered up are to receive directions from the Convention, also the Posts they are to occupy, supposing them to be much better acquainted with the places where they should be stationed than I am. If it is in your power to afford any assistance in this instance, you will be pleased to give such instructions to those you send, as you shall judge necessary. I am just dispatching an Engineer to the Convention to throw up some small Works. I have the honor to be with great Esteem Sir your most obedient Servant

Go: Washington

P.S. I have sent two Regiments of the Massachusetts Militia up the River to watch the motion of the Ships and to oppose any landing of men that they may attempt—I am also extending every part of my force that I possibly can towards East and West chester to oppose the Enemy and prevent their effecting their plan of it, if it shall be practicable; but our numbers being far inferior to the demands for men, I cannot answer for what may happen—The best in my power shall be done.


Title: General Orders, 16 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To:

Head Quarters, Harlem Heights, Octobr 16th 1776.
BurlingtonBoston.


Title: Council of War, 16 October 1776
From: Council of War
To:

[16 October 1776]

At a Council of War held at the Quarters of General Lee 16th Oct. 1776.
Present. His Excelly General Washington[,] Major Generals Lee[,] Puttnam[,] Heath[,] Spencer[,] Sullivan[,] Brigadi[e]r Generals Ld Stirling[,] Mifflin[,] McDougal[,] Parsons[,] Nixon[,] Wadsworth[,] Scott[,] Fellows[,] Clinton[,] Lincoln[,] Colo. Knox, Commandr of Artilly.
The General read sundry Letters from the Convention & particular Members &c. of the Turbulence of the disaffected in the upper Parts of this State—and also sundry Accounts of Deserters shewing the Enemy’s Intentions to surround us.
After much Consideration & Debate the following Question was stated—Whether it having appeared that the Obstructions in the North River have proved insufficient & that the Enemy’s whole Force is now in our Rear at Frog Point, it is now deemed possible in our present Situation to prevent the Enemy cutting off the Communication with the Country & compelling us to fight them at all Disadvantages or surrender Prisoners at Discretion.
Agreed with but one dissenting Voice, viz. Genl Clinton that it is not possible to prevent the Communication & that one of the Consequences mentioned in the Question must certainly follow.
Agreed that Fort Washington be retained as long as possible.


Title: To George Washington from Major General Philip Schuyler, 16 October 1776
From: Schuyler, Philip
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Saratoga [N.Y.] Octr 16th 1776

I am honored with your Excellency’s Favor of the 10th & 11th Instant; I am very confident the Manner in which you have treated the Cayuga Sachems, will be attended with very salutary Consequences.
By a Person from your Camp, who left it since the Ships of War passed your Cheveaux de Frize, we were informed that all the Craft that could be procured, were employed in carrying Stone to compleat the Obstruction in the River; Your Letter gives me Hopes that those that are passed, will be prevented from returning.
Since the Letter of General Arnold’s transmitted you by Capt. Varick, I have not had a Line from Tyonderoga, I have Hopes that the Enemy will not renew their Attack on our Fleet; The Ammunition arrived at Tyonderoga last Night.
I shall dispatch a Messenger to Boston for Nails, and hope to receive a Supply from thence. I am Dr Sir with Every sentiment of Esteem & respect Your Ex: Most Obedt Hume Servant

P. Schuyler


Title: To George Washington from Major General Philip Schuyler, 16 October 1776
From: Schuyler, Philip
To: Washington, George

	Saratoga [N.Y.] Octo. 16. 1776Six oClock Afternoon
Dr Sir

Inclosed you have Copies of Letters from Generals Gates and Arnold, announcing the total Destruction of our Fleet on Lake Champlain. I shall write to every State nearest me to march up their Militia to support our Army as the Enemy will doubtless very soon attack it, and do every thing in my Power to prevent their penutrating into the Country, should our Army be obliged

to give way which I have good Hopes will not be the Case. I am Dr Sir Your Excellency’s most obedt hum. Servt

Ph: Schuyler


Title: From George Washington to Jonathan Trumbull, Sr., 16 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: Trumbull, Jonathan Sr.

Sir
Head Quarters Heights of Harlem October 16th 1776

I have been favored with your several letters of the 11th and 13th instant with their enclosures. The first I received would have been answered sooner had I been able to have furnished the necessary intelligence respecting the Enemy’s Ships of war in the Sound above Hell Gate. This induced me to detain the Express a day, in expectation of gaining a more certain information of this fact than what had then come to my knowledge—By some deserters who came ashore from their Shipping at Frog’s Point yesterday, and who, from what I could discover, on their examination, I think, in this instance, are deserving of credit, I am acquainted, that there are now between Hell Gate and Frog’s Point, five Ships of war—The Foy [Fowey] of 24 Guns—the Le Brune of 32—the Carysfort of 28—the Niger of 32 and Halifax of 16; and that the Mercury and one other Ship are cruising

off Block-Island—Whether their number may be augmented or diminished in a short time, is more than I can say; though I must observe the Enemy’s Frigates of 28 Guns (as we have found from experience) are now [not] deterred from passing through Hell Gate—I would therefore strongly advise, in case an attack on the Ships of war near Frog’s Point, should be determined on, that Tenders or other small craft should be sent ahead for the purpose of discovering with certainty the number and strength of the Enemy who, from the circumstance I have mentioned, may be easily reinforced—As to furnishing any Soldiers from this Army toward manning your Ships, it is what, I am sorry, under the present appearance of things, I cannot comply with, the Enemy being too powerful on this quarter to admit of any diminution of the Troops who are to oppose them. For this reason also I cannot afford any reinforcement to Colo. Livingston to augment his Detachment from twelve hundred to two thousand, which you think would be necessary—Indeed, as we have received information that the Enemy have been considerably reinforced by the arrival of Hessians, and as they have, from accounts, drawn almost their whole force to Frog’s Point, I think it would be highly advisable (unless the expedition to Long Island is in such forwardness as to be carried into execution immediately) to send forward the two Massachusetts Regiments who were detained for that particular service. Should it be determined to proceed to Long Island, I cannot interfere by any means to give the command to a young Officer.
With respect to the Stores at Norwalk and the other Towns you mentioned, I have ordered them from thence, thinking this method more eligible than to furnish Troops, of which we are in such want, for their defence—I did myself the pleasure of writing to you a few days ago, which I imagine you have received. I am Sir with great Respect Your most obedient Servant

Go: Washington

P.S. I have just received the examination of another deserter who says he came away from the Dolphin, last Thursday, a sixty gun Ship in the Sound above Hell Gate; but this I am in doubt about: At any rate I imagine, if it is true, it must be known to you by information of the inhabitants living on the Sound.

G.W.


Title: General Orders, 17 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To:

Head Quarters, Harlem Heights, Octobr 17th 1776
.

There are a number of priming-Wires and Brushes in the Commissary’s Store, near Genl Spencer’s Quarters, and at Kingsbridge; in the latter a number of Pouches, which are to be distributed among the Brigades. The Brigadiers are desired to send to those places, where they may receive priming-Wires and Brushes; the Pouches are to be divided, and each Brigadier is to send for his proportion, as soon as possible and have them filled with spare Cartridges.
As the Movements of the Enemy make an Alteration of our position necessary, and some regiments are to move towards them, the commanding and the other Officers of regiments, are to see the following Orders punctually executed.
The Tents are to be struck, and carefully rolled, the men to take the Tent poles in their hands—two Men out of a Company with a careful Subaltern, to go with the Baggage, and not leave it on any pretence—No Packs (unless of Sick Men) Chairs, Tables, Benches or heavy lumber, to be put on the Waggons—No person, unless unable to walk, is to presume to get upon them—The Waggons to move forward before the regiments, the Quarter Master having first informed himself from the Brigadier, or Brigade Major, where they are to pitch—Every Regiment under marching orders, to see they have their Flints & Ammunition in good order and complete.
Lieut. Nevins of Col. Tylers regiment is to do the duty of Captain, in the room of Major Chipman lately promoted.
Daniel Lyman Esqr: is appointed Major of Brigade, to Genl Fellows, and is to be respected accordingly.

A General Court Martial whereof Col. Ewing was President, having convicted Lieut: Pope of the Rangers, of the scandalous Crime of “Conniving at plundering—contrary to frequent and express orders,” and sentenced him to be cashiered; The General approves the sentence, and he is accordingly cashiered. The same Court having convicted Corporal Geo. Wilson of “plundering Mr Bushey’s House at Harlem”—and sentenced him to receive 39 Lashes—The General approves the sentence, and orders it to be executed to morrow on the parade, before the Guards march off—The Provost Marshal to see it done.
Col. Weedon’s and Col. Reed’s Regiments to join Lord Stirling’s Brigade immediately.
Major Parker of Genl Heard’s Brigade to attend the Works, and be execused other duty.


Title: From George Washington to Colonel Jacob Bayley, 17 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: Bayley, Jacob

Sir
Head Quarters Harlem Heights 17th Octob. 1776

I have yours of the 15th Inst. by Mr Wallace with an Acct of the Expence incurred in cutting a Road from Coos to St Johns, the Amount of £982.16.5½ lawful Money. There are some few Errors in casting out the different Articles but they may be easily rectifyed when a Settlement is made.
I have it not in my power to make Objections to any part of the Account, as I cannot but suppose that it is all just and what has really been paid or agreed to be paid, but proper Vouchers should accompany all public Accounts, and these Mr Wallace tells me you can furnish. The most material is a Muster Roll of the Men employed, shewing the time of their Engagement for the Service and that of their Discharge. It is probable no Receipts may have been taken for some of the Articles, but you will please to furnish them for as many as you are able. I beg I may be clearly understood. I do not call for Vouchers, because I suspect you of charging more than is justly due, but because it is necessary that they should accompany all public Accounts that pass thro’ my Hands. When this is done the Acct shall be adjusted and paid by Sir yr most obt Sert.


Title: From George Washington to Nicholas Cooke, 17 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: Cooke, Nicholas

Sir
Head Qrs Harlem Heights Octobr 17th 1776

On Monday last I was honoured with your favor of the 5th Instt and beg leave to inform you, that the reasons which you assign for countermanding Colo. Richmonds march appear to me strong & substantial; As to the expedition to Long Island, it is impossible for me to give any direction about it, It must be governed by a variety of circumstances; nor will it be in my power to appoint any person to command it, the situation of our Affairs here requiring the presence of every Officer of the least merit for the Government of this Army.
In respect to your request, to have a List of Officers transmitted who have served to good acceptance, I am happy that I had anticipated your views & those of your Honble Assembly in this Instance before the receipt of your favor. I wrote you fully on this Subject in a Letter I had the honor of addressing you on the 12th, sending you a List of such Officers as were particularly recommended for the Two Battallions you are to raise, to which I beg leave to refer you as it contains my sentiments at large. I have the Honor to be in haste with great Esteem Sir Yr Most Obedt Servt

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to the New York Convention, 17 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: New York Convention

Gentn
Head Qrs Harlem Heights Octobr 17th 1776

Judging it a matter of the utmost importance to secure the passes thro the Highlands, I have sent up Monsr Imbert, a French Gentlemen, who has been placed in the Army as an Engineer by Congress, in order to take your directions respecting the passes & such Works as you may esteem necessary to preserve them. As the situation of Affairs in this State is rather alarming, I would beg leave to recommend your earliest attention to this Business, & that no time may elapse before the Works are begun. I have no acquaintance with Monsr Imbert, & his abilities in his profession remain to be proved; However I trust under your care and advice that whatever may be essential will be immediately done. I have the Honor to be &c.

G.W.

I can spare no Other Engineer having but one besides.


Title: General Orders, 18 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To:

Head Quarters, Harlem Heights, Octobr 18th 1776.
Stamford.France.

As the Brigades of the Army now move at such distance from each other, that a punctual attendance, at Head-Quarters, for Orders, cannot be expected—One Brigade Major from each Major General’s division, is to attend, as early in the day as he can—the several Brigade Majors, or Adjutants who act as such, are to attend him at a stated hour, and then distribute the Orders through the several Brigades, and Regiments, as fast as possible.


Title: From George Washington to John Hancock, 18 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: Hancock, John

Sir
Harlem Heights Octobr the 18th 1776

I was Yesterday morning honoured with your favor of the 15th with the Resolutions of the 11th and 14th. the latter by which Congress have authorized me to appoint Monsr Pennet a Brevet Aid De Camp, claims a return of my acknowledgements.
Last night I received a Letter from Mr Varrick, Secretary to Genl Schuyler, inclosing a Copy of One from Genl Arnold to Genl Gates. The Intelligence transmitted by Genl Arnold being

of an extremely interesting and important nature, I thought it adviseable to forward the same immediately by Express—you have a Copy herewith which contains the particulars and to which I beg leave to refer you.
The Accounts transmitted yesterday by post, will inform you of the movements of the Enemy and of the measures judged necessary to be pursued by us to counteract their designs. I have nothing to add on this Head, except that Ten or Eleven Ships which have been prevented passing Hell Gate for Two or three days for want of Wind, are now under way & proceeding up the Sound—Among them there appear to be two Frigates, the rest probably have in Stores &c.
Inclosed is a Copy of the last Genl return I have been able to obtain. It only comes down to the 5th Instt. the situation of our Affairs & the almost constant necessity of sending detachments from one place to another, to watch the Enemy’s motions have prevented the Officers from making them with regularity. I have the Honor to be with great esteem Sir Your Most Obedt St

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Brig. Gen. Hugh Mercer, 18 October 1776 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Mercer, Hugh

Letter not found: to Brig. Gen. Hugh Mercer, 18 Oct. 1776. Mercer’s letter to GW of 16 Oct. is docketed in part “Ansd 18th.”


Title: To George Washington from Nicholas Cooke, 19 October 1776
From: Cooke, Nicholas
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Providence, October 19. 1776

Your Letter, requesting an Account of the Prisoners in this State, I have duly received; and ordered the Sheriffs of the several Counties to make Return to me of the Number of Prisoners in their respective Counties, and of their different Stations, which Return has not been yet made. I also wrote immediately to Governor Trumbull of Connecticut, to know where their Prisoners were to assemble, that they might both go together, but have had no Answer, but shall endeavour to forward them when I shall receive Information from him—Since which I have received a Letter from the Captain of the Syren Frigate, off

Block-Island, that he had a Number of Prisoners on Board, taken in Merchant Ships, whom he has Orders from Lord Howe to exchange for others of equal Stations.
I inform Your Excellency that a Prize Ship is brought in here, having a Quantity of Blankets, some coarse woollen Goods, Linens and Shoes, which the Owners of the armed Vessel who took her, are desirous may be purchased for the Use of the Army; and in Order that those Goods may not be scattered, they propose that they be all put up in One Lot together; and that no Stranger be allowed to bid them off, unless he shall produce Orders from You or the Congress that he is making Purchase of them for the Army—I should be glad, if Your Excellency should think proper, that You would appoint Somebody immediately to purchase the same. If You should make any Appointment for that Purpose here, I would just inform that Messrs Clark and Nightingale Mr John Brown and myself are all interested in the Privateer, and therefore not so suitable for such Appointment as others. Mr Daniel Tillinghast here is the Continental Agent, and I believe a good Man. I am Your Excellency’s most obedient and most humble Servant.


Title: To George Washington from Jonathan Trumbull, 19 October 1776 [letter not found]
From: Trumbull, Jonathan Sr.
To: Washington, George

 Letter not found: from Jonathan Trumbull, Sr., 19 Oct. 1776. On 22 Oct. Robert Hanson Harrison wrote to Trumbull: “I have the honor, by his [GW’s] command, to acknowledge his receipt of your several favors of the 19th & 21st instant” (Ct: Trumbull Papers).


Title: Lieutenant Colonel Robert Hanson Harrison to John Hancock, 20 October 1776
From: Harrison, Robert Hanson
To: Hancock, John

Sir
Kingsbridge Octob. 20th 1776½ after 1 OClock P.M.

I have it in command from his Excellency, to transmit you the inclosed Copies of dispatches which just now came to Hand & which contain Intelligence of the most interesting and important nature, respecting our Affairs in the Northern Department. His Excellency would have wrote himself, but was going to our Several posts, when the Express arrived.
The Enemy are pursuing with great Industry their plan of penetrating the Country from the Sound, & of forming a Line in our Rear. They are now extended from Frogs point to New Rochelle, from whence it is generally conjectured they mean to take their Route by way of the White plains & from thence to draw a Line to the North River. We on our part, have drawn our whole force, except the Regiments intended to Garrison Fort Washington, from the Island of New York and have possessed ourselves of the Heights, passes and advantageous Grounds between New Rochelle, where the Van of their Army now lies, and the North River. They will in all probability attempt to effect their purpose by moving higher up, if they do, our Forces will move accordingly, it being a principal object to prevent their out flanking us. On Friday One of their Advanced parties near East Chester fell in with part of Colo. Glovers Brigade & a smart &

close Skirmish ensued, in which I have the pleasure to inform you our Men behaved with great coolness & Intrepidity and drove the Enemy back to their Main body. I have the Honor to be in haste with great esteem Sir Yr Most Obdt St

Rob. H. Harrison


Title: From George Washington to Robert R. Livingston, 20 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: Livingston, Robert R.

Dear Sir,
Mr Lowe’s 20th Octr 1776.

I wish I had leizure to write you fully on the subject of yr last Letter—the moving state of the Army, and the extreame hurry in which I have been Involved for these Eight days, will only allow me time to acknowledge the receipt of yr favour, and to thank you (as I shall always do) for Any hints you may please to communicate, as I have great reliance upon your judgment; & knowledge of the Country, (which I wish to God I was as much master of)—Drain’d as Connecticut is of Men, I have nevertheless recommended to the Govr of it the advantages which would result from a Body of Mens moving towards the Enemy’s right—but whether it will, or can be done, is more than I am able to say. A Regiment is gone to the Highlands to be under direction of your Convention.
Let me Intreat you my Dear Sir, to use your Influence to send, without delay, Provisions for this Army, towards the White Plains—upon a strict scrutiny, I find an alarming deficiency herein, occasioned by the Commissary’s placing too much confidence in his Water Carriage, and the Stock he had laid in at the Saw pits &ca (which but too probably may be cut of from us, althô upon the first knowledge I had of Its being there, I ordered it to be remov’d)—We want both Flour, & Beef; & I entreat your exertions to forward them. I must also entreat you to send us a Number of Teams the more the better to aid in removing the Army as occasion requires. We are amazingly distress’d on Acct of the want of them—We can move nothing for want of them—In short Sir, our Situation is really distressing. I have orderd Lord Sterling with upwards of 2000 Men to the White

Plains to prevent the Enemys taking possession of it, & for security of Our Stores there; but the Troops were obliged to March without their Tents, or Baggage. In exceeding great haste, & much sincerety I am Dr Sir Yr Most Obedt and obligd Sert

Go: Washington


Title: General Orders, 21 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To:

Head Quarters, Harlem Heights, Octob: 21st 1776.
Heath.Sullivan.

The hurried situation of the General for the two last days, having prevented him from paying that attention to Col. Glover, and the officers and soldiers who were with him in the skirmish on Friday last, that their merit and good behaviour deserved—He flatters himself that his thanks, tho’ delayed, will nevertheless be acceptable to them, as they are offered with great sincerity and cordiality—At the same time he hopes, that every other part of the Army will do their duty, with equal duty and zeal whenever called upon; and that neither dangers, difficulties, or hardships will discourage Soldiers, engaged in the Cause of Liberty, and contending for all that Freemen hold dear and valuable.


Title: From George Washington to an Anonymous Officer, 21 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: Anonymous

[21 October 1776]

My Lord Sterling Complains, & so justly, of the want of Tents, & the Baggage belonging to his Brigade that I would have you enquire particularly into the matter and endeavour to have it sent on to the sevl Regiments now suffering at the White Plains for want of it.
Tell Genl Mifflin & Colo: Reed (in short let the Genl Officers below know) that some expedient must be fallen upon to bring off all the Flour that is not wanted for Mt Washington, as the Troops now in this Neighbourhood are sufferg for want, & only 700 Barrls at the White Plains & the like qty at the Saw Pitts (which more than probably is not to be Counted).
The Troops that March from the Bridge under Genls Heath & Sullivan had better proceed immediately on to the White Plains as their Halt will only occasion delay.
Many Articles I should think might with great ease and safety be transported from Spiten Devil to Dobs Ferry, as mentioned last Night to Colo. Putnam. this would save many Teams & facilitate the remove of stores &ca.
Inform Colo. Magaw that I shall depend upon his holding the Post at Mt Washington as long as a good Officer ought to do—Let Colo. Hutchinson whose Regiment (being water men) it was necessary to keep there know the Reasons of Magaws appointment to the Comd at that Post[.] Magaw must take care to have a Sufficient Stock of Provisions & Water laid in for the Men he has for the Garrison, and a vigilant watch must be kept.
If Colo. Magaw & Genl Green can devise any Plan to get the Boards remov’d to the Jerseys it woud be doing a good thing—perhaps they might be got right across from Spiten devil to the Hollow opposite where I had thoughts of making a Road if they could not be carried to Burdets Ferry.
The new Bridge to be taken up—& the intrenching tools to be sent on either by land or Water without fail.

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Colonel Jacob Bayley, 21 October 1776
From: Bayley, Jacob
To: Washington, George

Sr
Fish Kills [N.Y.] Octr 21th 1776

I recved your Excelencys Favour by the hand of Mr Wallace, by which I am Informed and think it Just that Vou[c]hers Should be had and Should have Sent them but was Informed that only an abstra[c]t was needfull and also I determined to have waited on your Excelency my Self as I was desired by the committee and by the State of Newhampr.

to Continue the Men I had Imployed on the road to fortify and gaurd our frontiers which I Did untill the tenth of Sepr and was desired by them to lay the whole account before your Excelency but being soon ordered to attend on the Convention of this State as a member and Considering the remaining Pay was more Proper by way of this or Newhampr. State I neither Sent the remaining account nor waited upon your Excelency I Should now have waited on you but the Troubles to the northward requires me to return to countys of Cumberland & Gloucester where I have the Command I have Sent a role of the men with thier Entrys and Dism⟨issi⟩on and also the account of Supplys but as much of the Stores Provided were used In the after Servise have only Charged one pound of meal pr day pr man and two berrills that were lost and the Purportion of wheat &c.
I also offer an account of Supplying twelve Indians Eight weeks which I did without any authority but tho’t it good for the States two of which are Inlisted Into our Servise the others hunting Eastward—they belong to the St Francois Tribe. I am your Excelencys most obedient Humble Servant

Jacob Bayley


Title: From George Washington to Major Zabdiel Rogers, 21 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: Rogers, Zabdiel

My ⟨dr⟩ Sir
October 21: 1776.

you are hereby requested to make the best Stand you can, with the Troops under your Command, against the Enemy who I am ⟨in⟩formed are advanced this Morning to ⟨M⟩aroneck and I will as soon as possible order a party to attack them in flank, of ⟨w⟩hich you will be further informed ⟨in⟩ proper time, be Cautious of Mentioning ⟨my⟩ design. I am your Most Obedient Servant

Go: Washington

be pleased to send the Enclosed by a faithfull Officer to be Communicated to All the Troops ⟨on the⟩ Road thro Connecticut.


Title: From George Washington to Joseph Trumbull, 21 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To: Trumbull, Joseph

Dear Sir
White plains 21st Octr 1776.

I wrote you yesterday expressive of my apprehensions on Acct of Provision’s for this Army—I came to this place just now in order to enquire further into the state of this Article, and to look a little into the Situation, and nature of the Country—I have no reason either from Information, or observation, to alter my opinion of yesterday; & therefore, again & again entreat your every exertion to supply these Troops in time with Flour and Beef for present use—to do this much Land Carriage will become unavoidable, of course no time lost to provide a Number of Teams—Besides the Supplies necessary for immediate use, it is absolutely necessary for Magazines to be laid up in secure places removed from the Water in Connecticut, and at such others as were mention’d in my last & Circumstances may direct.
The Enemy mean (from prest appearances) either to get round us, or to Coast it along upon the Sound in order to destroy our Provisions and Stores—to prevent the first I am extending my line along as they do—to guard as much as possible against the Second, I have ordered the Officers in their several departments to remove as fast as possible all Continental property from the Water; but the want of Teams is a most dreadful misfortune—I shall only add, that as soon as you can put matters into a proper train in the Country, your presence at Camp will be much wanted—and that I am Dr Sir Yr Most Obedt Hble Servt

Go: Washington


Title: General Orders, 23 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To:

Head Quarters, White Plains, Octobr 23rd 1776.
Denton.Chester.

The Guards of the Camp are to be mounted from the several divisions of the Army—their Numbers to be fixed, and their Posts assigned them, by the General Officers of that division—General Spencer’s division

to furnish the Main Guard, Quarter Master General’s and Commissary General’s Guard, Bullock Guard and Provost Guard.
It has been observed with some Concern, that scouting parties go out without any advanced, or flanking parties, both which are absolutely necessary for their safety and success, and which they must have on all occasions.
The commanding Officers of regiments should, on all Marches, draw provisions for the Waggoners, who attend them, and give them all possible assistance—When their baggage is unloaded, they should have the Teams drawn up, set a Guard over them, and prevent any loss of the Horses, or abuse of the Drivers, and take care of them ’till they are ordered away.
Any officer, or soldier, who shall presume to meddle with any Horses, belonging to the public, or any other not his own property will be severely punished. And all officers of the army are requested to stop soldiers, who are riding about without Saddles, until they give an Account of themselves; and if they are found breaking Orders, to send the offender to the Guard, and the horse to the Quarter Master General, or to Head-Quarters.


Title: To George Washington from Major General Benjamin Lincoln, 23 October 1776
From: Lincoln, Benjamin
To: Washington, George

Sir
[Valentine’s Hill, N.Y., 23 October 1776]

I Sent out in the morning Two parties ordered one of them to the Right of the Enemy & the other to the left & to meet in the Centre of their front each performed the part Assigned him on their meeting they joined a party of Rifle men and march[ed] in a body to the eastd of wards Tavern were soon discovered by the enemy who attempted to incir[c]le them they fell back to Wards where they posted themselves untill som of the Light Horse came a skirmish insued on that the enemy advancd with their field peices kept up a fire with them for a considerable time but did not advance within musket shot altho they were covered with a large party Capt. Rowley misses one of his men did not discove[r] any thing very material.


Title: General Orders, 24 October 1776
From: Washington, George
To:

Head Quarters, White-Plains, Octob: 24th 1776.

Commanding Officers of regiments are immediately to have Necessaries dug, decently covered, at a small distance from their Encampments—They are every day to be covered over with fresh earth, and once a week to be filled up and new ones dug—All bones, meat and other dirt of the Camp, to be carefully gathered up every day—Those regiments who have not appointed Camp-Coulour-Men, are to do it immediately, and it is the duty of the Quarter-Master to see that they do their duty. Two men from every Company to be appointed. If officers would reflect how much cleanliness would conduce to their own health, and that of their men, they would want no inducement to attend to it particularly.
The Brigade Majors of Genl Spencer’s division, are immediately to form a Court Martial—A Colonel to preside.
Genl Sullivan’s division to furnish its proportion of the detail made yesterday, for home guards.
Rolls are to be called three times every day, and the General begs the officers to exert themselves, to keep their men from straggling away from the Camp—Officers and men would do well to reflect that their safety, their lives, and the liberty of their Country may depend on their being at hand, in case of an Alarm—Any Man who is found half a mile from the Camp, not on Command, will be punished very severly.
All the officers who have assisted in the Works to meet at Col. Putnam’s Quarters, just above Head-Quarters, at 3 O’Clock this afternoon, in order to lay out a number of works. The Engineers are to proportion the entrenching tools at this place, among the several Grand Divisions, and after to day to apply to each General commanding such division, for such numbers of men, as may be wanted for the several works, who are to begin to work at 9 O’clock in the morning, and continue working till four in the afternoon.
Brigade Majors are to have their returns completed immediately.

General Heath’s and General Sullivan’s divisions, not having complied with yesterday’s Orders, to furnish 30 Men; they are to do it to morrow without fail, & to be more careful in future.
It being absolutely necessary, that the Teams should be collected, in order to be arranged by the Quarter-Master General; The commanding Officers of regiments are immediately to send to the parade, at the Court-house, every team, not under an actual Order to march: No officer to take any Team for any use, without an Order from Head Quarters, or the Quarter Master General—The commanding Officers of brigades and regiments, who at any time may be supplied with Teams, are to take particular Care, that the Drivers of Waggons in their employ are regularly supplied with Grain & Hay for their Horses, if such provender can be obtain’d in the neighbourhood of their respective Camps. If the Owners of such Provender refuse to sell, such commanding Officers are to order their Quarter Masters, to collect as much Provender as will be necessary for the public Horses, in their service, and give Certificates to the Owners of the Provender, of what the Quarter Masters may receive, or take.


Title: To George Washington from Major General Nathanael Greene, 24 October 1776
From: Greene, Nathanael
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Fort Lee [N.J.] Octr 24. 1776

Inclosed you have a Copy of the Letter in answer to mine, to Congress, relative to Cartridges; As soon as the Cartridges comes up they shall be forwarded—Colonel Biddle has wrote to Amboy for Ninety thousand that are at that Post.
We have collected all the Waggons in our power and sent over—Our people have had extream hard duty, the common Guards, common fatigue, and the extraordinary Guards, and extraordinary fatigue for the removal of the Stores, and forwarding the Provisions, has kept every man on duty.
General Putnam requested a party of men, to reinforce them at Mount Washington; I sent between two and three Hundred of Colonel Durkees Regiment; please to inform me whether your Excellency approves thereof.
We shall get a sufficient Quantity of Provisions over to day for the Garrison at Fort Washington, General Mifflin thinks it not advisable to pull the Barracks down yet. he has hopes of our Armys returning to that Ground for Winter Quarters I think this woud be runing too great a risque, to leave them standing in expectation of such an event, their being several strong Fortifications in and about Kings Bridge if the Enemy should throw in a thousand or fifteen hundred men, they could cut of our communication effectually; and as the state of the Barracks are, they woud find exceeding good cover for the men—But if we were to take the Barracks down, if the Boards were not removed, it wou’d in a great measure deprive them of that advantage—However I have not had it in my power to do either as yet.
I have directed all the Waggons that are on the other side to be employ’d in picking up the scatterd boards about the encampments—I believe from what I saw yesterday, in riding over the Ground they will amount to many thousands; as soon as we have got these togather, I purpose to begin upon the Barracks, in the mean time shou’d be glad to know if your Excellency has any other orders to give respecting the business.
I have directed the Commissary and Quarter Master Generals of this department to lay in Provisions, and Provinder, upon the back Road to Philadelphia for twenty thousand Men for three Months, the principle Magazine will be at Equacanack—I shall Fortify it as soon as possible and secure that Post, and the pass at the Bridge which is now repair’d and fit for an Army to pass over with Baggage and Artillery.
I rejoice to hear of the defeat of that vile Traytor Major Rogers and his party of Tories; tho’ I am exceeding sorry to hear it cost us so

brave an Officer as Major Greene. I am with great Respect you[r] Excellencys Obedt Servt

Nathanael Greene


Title: From George Washington to Maj. Gen. Nathanael Greene, 24 October 1776 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Greene, Nathanael

Letter not found: to Maj. Gen. Nathanael Greene, 24 Oct. 1776. Greene’s letter to GW of this date is docketed: “Genl Greene 24th Octr 1776. Ansd same day.”


Title: To George Washington from Richard Peters, 24 October 1776
From: Peters, Richard
To: Washington, George

Sir.
War Office [Philadelphia] Octr 24th 1776

The Board of War have directed me to enclose you the Plan they intended to present to Congress for preventing Abuses in Regiments or Companies recieving more Rations than they are entitled to; an Evil which has been complained of perhaps with too much Foundation.
It frequently happens that sick Soldiers are either left behind at Posts or Places thro’ which their Regiments or Companies are marching, or they are sent to Hospitals at a Distance from their Corps. These unhappy People, or some of them, are often thought incurable & discharged by the Director or Surgeon of the Hospital as unfit for Service, & turned out to beg their Subsistence to their Homes, or Places of their former residence, altho’ they may have Pay due to them sufficient to support them. This not only raises Compassion & from this Motive should be remedied, but is extremely detrimental to the Service, by deterring others from enlisting. The Board therefore have thought that the Soldiers, so discharged, should have it in their Power to recieve their Pay in whatever Part of the States they may be; & have accordingly formed a Plan to enable them to do it, & request your Excellency’s Advice on both these Subjects. With the greatest Respect I have the Honour to be your obedt humble Servt

Richard Peters Secy


Title: To George Washington from Richard Peters, 24 October 1776
From: Peters, Richard
To: Washington, George

Sir
War Office [Philadelphia] Octr 24th 1776

By Order of the Board of War I have the Honour to inform your Excellency that the Congress have this Day given them direction to order the two Virginia Regiments now at Chester, immediately to Trentown, there to wait your Excellencys Commands; and at the same time to acquaint you of the Situation of the People of this State, that having as comprehensive a View of the State of Affairs as possible you may make such Disposition as the good of the Service may require.
The Council of Safety of this State requested some days since a Conference with this Board in Order to lay before it, a Representation of their Situation, and Expectations—in the course of this Conference it appeared very clearly, that they were in a most defenceless Condition, that they had no works upon the River except one Fort unfinished—that the Militia of this City are inactive and languid to the last Degree & to close their distress a number of the People of this Place were disaffected—Indeed they went so far as to say that in their Judgement a large party might be found to espouse openly the Cause of the Enemy should our Affairs run retrograde at New York—As your Excellency, however, must know more of your own Strength and your own intended Operations then Congress possibly can, & as it is of the greatest importance that you should be Supported at all Events General Stephens with the Virginia Forces will take Post at Trentown in Order to Obey such Commands as you may be pleased to give him. I have the Honour to be Your Excellency’s most Obedt & very Humble Servant

Richard Peters Secy


Title: Lieutenant Colonel Robert Hanson Harrison to John Hancock, 25 October 1776
From: Harrison, Robert Hanson
To: Hancock, John

Sir
Head Qrs White plains October the 25th 1776

The whole of our Army is now here and on the Neighbouring Heights, except the Troops left at Mount Washington & Kingsbridge (about Fourteen hundred at the former & Six hundred at the latter)

and Genl Lee’s division, which now forms the Rear & which is on their March. Our Removal & that of the Stores, have been attended with a great deal of Trouble, owing to the scarcity and difficulty of procuring Waggons; However they are nearly effected & without any loss. The General Officers are now reconnoitring the several passes leading from the Enemy that the most important may be immediately secured.
The situation of their Army remains nearly the same, as when I had the honor of addressing you on the 21st Instt. It differs in Nothing, unless it is, that their Main body is more collected about New Rochelle. A few of their Troops are extended as far as Momarioneck.
On Monday night, a Detachment of our Men under the command of Colo. Hazlet was sent out to surprize and cut off Major Rogers if possible with his Regiment which was posted there. by some accident or Another, the expedition did not succeed so well as could have been wished. However our advanced party led on by Major Greene of the first Virginia Regiment fell in with their out guard & brought off Thirty Six prisoners—Sixty Musketts & some Blankets. The Number killed, is not certainly known but it is reported by an Officer who was there, that he counted about Twenty five. Our loss, Two killed & Ten or Twelve wounded, among the latter, Major Greene whose recovery is very doubtfull. On Wednesday there was also a small skirmish, between a party of Colo. Hands Riflemen (about Two Hundred & forty[)] & nearly the same number of Hessian Chasseurs, in which the latter were put to the Rout. Our Men buried Ten of them on the feild & took Two prisoners, One badly wounded. We sustained no other loss than having one lad wounded, supposed mortally.
The Ships of War, that are in the North River, fell down yesterday morning or the Evening before, to Dobbs’ ferry, to prevent our bringing Stores from below by Water, and the removal of those that are landed there. As soon as the Waggons employed in bringing the Baggage & Stores of Genl Lees division are disengaged they will be immediately sent to assist those already there to remove them.
On Saturday night, we had the misfortune to lose One of the New Ships intended to be sunk for obstructing the Channel. she parted her Cables in a severe squawl when properly ballasted & bilged as soon as she struck the Shore. The other Ship was sunk well, & yesterday morning Two brigs (both ready) were sent down for the same purpose.
About 2 OClock this afternoon, Intelligence was brought to Head Qrs that three or four Detachments of the Enemy were on their march, and had advanced within about Four miles of this place. It has been fully confirmed since by a variety of persons who have been out to reconnoitre. their number cannot be ascertaind, but it is generally conjectured, that the detachments are or will be succeeded by as many

Columns, composing their Main body. Our Drums have beat to Arms and Men ordered to their several posts. most probably some important event is upon the Eve of taking place. I hope it will be victory in favor of our Arms. Genl Lee with his division has not got up, but I hear he is on his march.
Experiment having proved it difficult if not impossible, to prevent the Enemy from possessing the Navigation of the North River and rendering the communication & Intercourse between the States divided by it, extremely hazardous & precarious by means of their Ships of War, It has become a matter of important consideration how to remedy the evil and to guard against the consequences which may result from it. I am charged by his Excellency to mention it to Congress as a matter that has employed much of his though & that seems worthy of their most serious attention. he has communicated it to several of the General & Other Officers & to many Gentlemen of sense & discernment, who all agree with him, not only upon the propriety, but the absolute necessity that Two distinct Armies should be formed, One to act particularly in the States which lay on the East, the other in those that are on the South of the River. The Whole however to be raised on a Genl plan & not to be confined to any particular place by the Terms of Enlistment. These matters—the apparent difficulty & perhaps impracticability of Succours being thrown across the River, while the Enemy can command it, have induced his Excellency to submit the measure to their consideration, not knowing how their Operations may be directed, and foreseeing that innumerable evils may arise if a respectable force is not appointed to oppose their Arms wheresoever they are carried. I have the honor to be in great haste sir Yr Most Obedt Servt

Rob. H. Harrison