Title: To George Washington from Robert Howe, 25 January 1781
From: Howe, Robert
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir
                            Ringwood 25th-26 january 1781

                        I have been endeavouring ever Since I arrived here, I.E. about one o’clock, to learn with Certainty the
                            Motions and designs of the Insurgents, They were assembled at Chatam, and from thence are Said to be returning to their
                            huts, where, they mean to negotiate, for tho’ they profess to be inclined to open a treaty, they have, by no means,
                            adopted those Subordinate Ideas which alone can give existance to military discipline, or atone for offences incapable of
                            aggravation. I have Sent officers to Colonels Shrieve & Dayton requesting them to Suspend all Kinds of negociation
                            farther than to amuse, and to inform me of the ultimate views of the revolted troops—I shall be happy
                            if they intend the jersey hutts to be the Scene of their Negociation, as it will Save us the trouble of a longer March,
                            and I impatiently wish the arrival of the artillery and the detatchments of the Conecticut and New hampshire lines. I have
                            Sent to order the latter to Suffran’s where they will meet orders or if already there, to inform me by express—The former,
                            I presume, is following me and I have written to press their arrival—I, momentarily, expect intelligence and, if the
                            Mutineers are not returning, I shall proceed to morrow towards Pompton, if nothing arises to forbid it. I chuse rather to
                            Send officers to Cols Dayton & Shrieve than to write to them lest my letters might fall into improper hands. I
                            have requested them to come to me or to appoint a place where I can meet them without delay, and I flatter myself I shall
                            soon give your Excellency a good account of those insurgents.
                        the March the detatchment now with me have made is a Circumstance (considering the difficulties they met
                            with) much to their credit & I hope may be taken as a proof of their good disposition as to the present Service
                            and a happy presage of their future Conduct. I am with great respect Dear Sir Your Excellency’s Most obedient and Most
                            humble servant

                            Robert Howe

                            26th 7 o’clock a.m. Since I wrote the above I have heard from Col. Shreve by Major Cummins who informs
                                me that the mutineers have so far returned to duty as to permit their officers to take command of them and came to
                                their huts last night, but with this condition, that a Committee is to sit on tuesday for the purpose of inquiring
                                into their grievances and to discharge those men who can prove they were inlisted for a less time than during the war.
                                In short tho’ I can not properly understand the terms proposed, yet I understand enough to think that it is but little
                                better than the second part of the pensylvania tune which I, by no means, am inclined to dance to, and unless you
                                should forbid my taking measures to act (occasionnally) in conformity with the orders given me at parting, I persuade
                                myself I shall bring this Matter to a Conclusion in a manner more consistant with your Excellency’s wishes and the
                                principles of Service than the Committee can do and that in my opinion without much trouble or blood shed. I earnestly
                                wish the arrival of the artillery and have written to hasten it up by putting it on Sleds. I have detained the express
                                untill this time in hopes of seeing Col. Shreve whom I momentarily expected, but now Send him off as you may be
                                anxious to hear from me. If when he does arrive his adjustment is a proper one I shall not counteract it.
                            I take the liberty to Inclose a letter from General Heath which I beg you will please to forward.


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Sim Lee, 25 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Lee, Thomas Sim

                            Sir,
                            New Windsor Jany 25th 1781

                        This letter will be presented to you by the Count de Charlus—Son to the Marqs de Castres, Minister of the
                            Marine of France; whom I take the liberty of introducing to your acquaintance.
                        This Gentn’s family, fortune and amiable qualities are, alone, sufficient to entitle him to every mark of
                            respect, but when it is known that his zeal in the American Cause induced him to Resign a Colonelship of Horse in France,
                            to serve as second Colonel of the Saintonge Regiment in this Country, I am perswaded it is unnecessary to say more to
                            recommend him to your Excellencys particular esteem and attention. I have the honor to be Sir Yr Most Obedt & Hble
                            Servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Timothy Pickering, 25 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Pickering, Timothy

                            Sir:
                            New Windsor, January 25, 1781.

                        My horses, I am told, have not had a mouthful of long or short forage for three days. They have eaten up
                            their mangers and are now (though wanted for immediate use) scarcely able to stand. I should be glad to know if there is
                            any prospect of relief for them. I am &ca


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 25 January 1781
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Newburgh Jany 25. 1781.

                        I wrote last evening to Mr Humphrys, & gave him an account of my expectations respecting forage. The
                            uncommon badness of the roads (either very rough or very miry) has prevented the farmers bringing in the forage the Justices
                            of Ulster & Orange agreed to furnish & have in fact assessed: The present snow will enable them to come
                            in. For instant relief to your Excellency’s horses I directed Mr Roberts to come up this morning with his team &
                            take all the public forage at my quarters, as I could subsist my own horses on my private hay purchased with hard money
                            for my cow, till another supply of public forage could be obtained.
                        I know not what other measures can be pursued than those I have taken to procure forage, unless money can be
                            obtained to purchase, or a military force sent to seize all the forage within reach: the latter is not eligible; and the
                            former is unattainable to any considerable amount. Yet I will apply part of the pittance of money in my hands to procure a
                            small supply of forage for your Excellency, till it is known whether the assessment of the Justices will be duly levied.
                            If it is not, the military alone can give relief. I am &c.

                            T. Pickering Q. M. G.


Title: From George Washington to Timothy Pickering, 25 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Pickering, Timothy

                            Dr Sir
                            New Windsor Jan. 25th 1781

                        Yours of this date is before me—when I wrote to Colo. Lutterloh I had no knowledge of your letter to Humphrey
                            on the score of Forage.
                        That which Roberts may get will, it is to be hoped serve till the farmers (enabled by the Snow) can bring in
                            more—At any rate I cannot avail myself of your private Stock.
                        I shall be obliged to you for sending me by Eight oclock tomorrow morning a Sleigh, pair of Horses and driver
                            to go as far as Smiths Tavern in the clove (12 Miles) from whence it will return as I have directed Mr Strubing (with the
                            light Horse) to have a relief at that place. take no notice that the Sleigh is designed for my use. I am Dr Sir Yr Obedt
                            Servt

                            Go: Washington

                            P.S. Colo. Popkins writes me that the detachmt is Marched, but that the Tents—Intrenchg Tools Axes
                                &ca are waiting for Horses.
                            A Roomy Sleigh would suit me best.


Title: To George Washington from George Clinton, 26 January 1781
From: Clinton, George
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir,
                            Pokeepsie 26th Jany 1781.

                        The Express with your Excellency’s Letter of the 23d Instant overtook me this Afternoon on my Way to Albany
                            about ten Miles from this Place & I immediately returned that I might have an Opportunity of repeating my Orders
                            to the Agent to use every Possible Exertion to collect Supplies for the Army & facilitate the Transportation of
                            them to the Posts in the Highlands. I am happy to inform your Excellency that I mett upon the Road near two hundred
                            Barrels of Flour greater Part of which will reach Fishkill this Evening; and I have Reason to believe that the present
                            Sleighing will enable us to get in such a Supply from different Quarters of the Country as at least to prevent immediate
                            Want. With respect to the Article of Meat little is to be expected of us but I am persuaded that our Agent and his
                            Assistants will use their best Endeavours to obtain as much as they possibly can.
                        I shoud in the present critical Situation of Affairs defer going to Albany that I might be at Hand to render
                            your Excellency every Assistance in my Power; But from Intimations given me by Colo. Hughes lately from Albany there is
                            some Reason to Apprehend that the Troops there may follow this Example of those of Pensylvania & Jersey I conceive
                            it my Duty therefore to be near them & prevent (if possible) this Spirit of Discontent from spreading & If
                            your Excellency should have Occasion for the Assistance of any Part of the Militia in my Absence I beg you will be pleased
                            to call upon the Officers commanding the Regiments most convenient as an Application to me might be
                            attended with too much Delay. I am perswaded you will discover a Disposition in them to comply with
                            your Excellency’s Directions. I am with the highest Regard & Esteem Dr Sir Your Most Obedt Servt

                            Geo. Clinton


Title: To George Washington from William Heath, 26 January 1781
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General
                            West point Janry 26th 1781

                        I am honored with yours of yesterday, have written Major General Parson, if possible to compleat a Battalion
                            and forward them to Join Major General Howe and doubt not but it will be effected. I have the honor to be with the
                            greatest respect your Excellencys most Obedient Servant

                            W. Heath


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 26 January 1781
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Newburgh Jany 26. 1781.

                        Of the seventeen teams impressed by Justice Chandler for the artillery, tents & intrenching tools,
                            five only came in, & those too late to draw the artillery, which I completed with Continental horses by breaking
                            up three double teams. The five single teams which came in I have caused to be loaded with two horsemans tents—75 common
                            tents—& 75 axes besides two crow bars. These will go about six miles tonight, and to-morrow proceed for Ringwood,
                            which being on the borders of this state, they expect there to discharged; but if others are not ready to relieve them
                            there I have directed Mr Tenbroek, who will have a small guard from the artillery, to push them on till they come up with
                            the detachment, where they will receive your Excellency’s or General Howe’s orders. If there they could be relieved
                            without prejudice to the service, it would be a happy circumstance for the owner of the teams, as their affairs will
                            suffer in their absence. I was assured that two more of the impressed teams would be in to go with those above mentioned,
                            which would have taken up the remainder of the tents, viz. eight horseman’s & 25 common. But being disappointed at
                            last, I am now sending to Lt Colo. Popkins to request him to order a party to impress two of the nearest teams to take up
                            the residue of the tents at the park as early as posible to-morrow, and push after the others. Two hundred intrenching
                            tools, viz. 75 pick axes & 125 spades & shovels I will send on to-morrow with Continental Horses if it be
                            possible to get slays; if not they shall proceed in a waggon till they can find slays; unless the quarter master at this
                            place, who is returned from duty in the country, & is very active, shall be able to procure Country slays
                            immediately which I have reason to hope he can effect; in which case the whole of the tents & intrenching tools
                            will go forward to morrow forenoon.
                        It would be expedient to relieve these teams at Ringwood with fresh ones procured from Pompton, when the
                            former might return with provisions to New Windsor. I will send forward an officer to effect this if practicable. I have
                            the honour to be with the greatest respect your Excellency’s most obedt servt

                            T. Pickering Q.M.G.


Title: To George Washington from Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, 26 January 1781
From: Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Newport January 26th 1781

                        This very instant, I receive your Excellency’s Letter of the 9th currtt. I have the honor to inform you of
                            the arrival of our two frigates from Boston, together with the Transport L’isle de France,
                            loaded with various supplies necessary for the fleet. these vessels had put to sea on the 10th, have
                            been beaten very severely beaten by three different hard gales, and we were very much concerned about
                            them. The Chevalier Destouches appears quite decided to send off in a short time two frigates.
                        1. to carry arms that are on board a vessel at New London for the State of Virginia.
                        2. to cruise at the entry of Chesapeak bay and thereby render the communication of the Ennemy with the South
                            more uncertain. I sollicit him to add to the number, one line of battle ship, good Sailor, but he with difficulty can
                            agree to it. I think it is the only service we can in this moment render to the Southern States.
                        I wait with much impatience to Learn that the motion of the Pennsylvania Line is intirely quieted, and I wish
                            Sincerely that Your Excellency may have an moment of tranquility that may allow you to come to visit this part of your
                            Excellency’s army. I am with respect and personal attachment, Sir, Your Excellency’s Most obedient and humble Servant

                            le Cte de Rochambeau


Title: To George Washington from John Palsgrave Wyllys, 26 January 1781
From: Wyllys, John Palsgrave
To: Washington, George

                            Sir.
                            Crompond 26th Jany 1781

                        Capt. Alden of the third Connecticut Regiment being desirous of a discharge from the service of the United-states, is hereby recommended for the same.

                            Jno. P. Wyllys Majr Comdr


Title: From George Washington to Commissioners for Redressing the Grievances of the New Jersey Line, 27 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Commissioners for Redressing the Grievances of the New Jersey Line

                            Gentlemen,
                            Ringwood Jany 27. 81

                        The fatal tendency of that spirit which has shown itself in the Pensylvanian and Jersey lines, and which
                            derived so much encouragement from impunity in the case of the former determined me at all events to pursue a different
                            conduct with respect to the latter. For this purpose I detached a body of troops under Major Genl Howe with orders to
                            compel the mutineers to unconditional submission and execute on the spot a few of the principal incendiaries. This has
                            been effected this morning; and we have reason to believe the mutinous disposition of the troops is now completely subdued
                            and succeeded by a genuine penitence.
                        But having punished guilt and supported authority—it now becomes proper to do justice. I therefore wish the
                            Commissioners as soon as convenient to enter upon the objects for which they have been appointed. But I think it my duty
                            to observe to them the necessity of the greatest caution in discussing one article—the terms of the inlistments of the
                            troops. In transacting this with the Pensylvanians for want of proper care, the greatest part of the line has been
                            dismissed, though only a small proportion was intitled to a dismission. Authentic and unequivocal proofs have been since
                            found that a majority of the discharged men were fairly and explicitly inlisted for the war. This evil arose from
                            admitting the oaths of the individuals themselves, before the vouchers could be assembled. From the temper of the soldiery
                            who will scruple no means of getting rid of the service it becomes necessary to admit none but the most unsuspicious
                            evidence in their favour. Generally on investigation the complaints in this head have appeared ill–founded—and as the
                            presumption is strong against the soldier the proofs of an unfair detention ought to be equally strong. Men are extremely
                            wanted—it is at an infinite expence they are procured and they ought not lightly to be released from their engagements.
                        Whenever a complaint has been made to me, I have invariably directed an inquiry, for I have ever considered
                            it as not less impolitic than unjust in our service to use fraud in engaging or retaining men—but as I mentioned above,
                            the complaint has much oftener been found to originate in the levity of the soldier than in truth. I have the honor to be
                            Gentlemen Your most Obedient & hum. Servant


Title: To George Washington from Robert Howe, 27 January 1781
From: Howe, Robert
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Ringwood 27th Jany 1781

                        In obedience to your Excellency’s commands I arrived at this place yesterday evening and found that the
                            Mutineers were returning to their huts. Col. Dayton had offered them pardon for their offences provided they immediatly
                            would put themselves under the Command of their officers and would behave in future consistent with that Subordination so
                            essential to Military discipline. To this they Seemingly acceeded but Soon demonstrated by their Conduct that they were
                            actuated by motives exceedingly distinct from those they had professed, for tho’ in Some respects they would Suffer a few
                            particular officers to have influence over them, yet it was by no means the Case in general, and what they did do, appeared rather like following advice than obeying command. arrived at their huts they
                            condescended once to parade when ordered, but were no sooner dismissed than Several officers were insulted, and, One had a
                            bayonet put to his breast, and upon the man’s being Knocked down for his insolence a musket was fired, which being their alarm signal & most of them paraded in arms. In short their whole behaviour was
                            Such as cried aloud for chastisement and made it evident that they had only returned to their huts as a place more
                            Convenient for themselves where they meant to negotiate with the Committee appointed (previous to their mutiny) to inquire
                            into their grievances and to which they thought to have dictated their own terms. having long been convinced that in Cases
                            of insurgency no medium lay either for Civil or Military bodies between dignity and Servility but Coertion, and that no
                            other method could be possibly fallen upon without the deepest wound to Service, I instantly determined to adopt it. we
                            marched from Ringwood about midnight, and having by the assistance of Colonels Shrieve & Barber made myself
                            acquainted with the Situation of their encampment I thought it proper to occupy four different positions about it. Lt Col.
                            Commr Sprout with one party and a piece of artillery was ordered to take post on their left. Lt Col. Miller with another
                            party and two pieces on their right; Major Oliver with his men in front of their encampment; Major Throop with his in the
                            rear of it. Major Morris, who with the New hampshire detachment had been ordered to Pompton by the way of Kings ferry and
                            was arrived, was directed to post himself upon the Charlottenburg road about half a mile above the first bridge. thus was
                            every avenue Secured, and in this position the Mutineers found us when daylight appeared. Col. Barber of the Jersey line
                            was Sent to them with orders immediatly to parade without arms and to march to the ground pointed out for them. Some
                            Seemed willing to Comply, but others exclaimed: What! No conditions. then if we are to die, it is as well to die where we
                            are as any where else. Some hesitation happening among them Co. Sprout was directed to advance and only five minutes given
                            the mutineers to Comply with the orders which had been Sent them. this had its effect, and they, to a man, marched without
                            arms to the ground appointed for them. the jersey officers gave a list of those they thought the most atrocious offenders,
                            upon which I desired them to Select three, (one of each regiment) which was accordingly done. A Field Court Martial was
                            presently held and they received Sentence of death by the unanimous decree of the Court. two of them were excuted on the
                            Spot, the third I have reprieved because the officers inform me that they were guided in their naming him more by his
                            having been the Commanding officer of the party than from any Circumstances of aggravation in his own Conduct, and because
                            it appeared in evidence that tho he had been compelled to take the Command he had endeavoured to prevail upon the men to
                            return to their duty. these reasons, Sir, induced me to Spare him, which I am persuaded your Excellency will approve. I
                            thought it would have a good effect to appoint the executioners from among those most active in the mutiny. After the
                            execution the officers were ordered to parade the men regimentally to divide them into platoons, each officer to take his
                            platoon—in this Situation they were directed to make & made proper concessions in the face of the troops to their
                            officers, and to promise by future good Conduct to attone for past offences. I then Spoke to them by platoons representing
                            to them in the Strongest terms I was Capable of the heinousness of their guilt as well as the folly of it, in the outrage
                            they had offered to that civil authority to which they owed obedience and which it was their incumbent duty to Support and
                            maintain. they shewed the fullest sense of their guilt and Such Strong marks of Contrition that I think I may venture to
                            pledge my Self for their future good conduct.
                        I take pleasure in expressing, Sir, the warmest approbation of the Conduct of the detatchments of every line
                            detailed for this command the rapid march made by each of the Several routs they took in very inclement weather, through
                            a depth of Snow and upon an occasion which from the nature of it nothing but a Sense of duty and love of their Country could
                            render pleasing are very meritorious instances of their patriotism as well as of their Zeal for Service. I have the honour
                            to be with the greatest respect Sir Your Excellency’s Most obedient and Most humble servant,

                            Robert Howe


Title: To George Washington from Samuel Huntington, 27 January 1781
From: Huntington, Samuel
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Philadelphia January 27. 1781

                        Your Excellency will receive herewith enclosed, a Petition from George Wright & others, with an Act
                            of Congress of this Day referring the Petition to your Excellency to take such Measures thereon as you may think proper.
                        By the enclosed Copy of the 23d Instant you will be informed that Congress approves of the Proposals made by
                            Colonel Armand for equipping his Legion, and have granted him leave to proceed to France for that Purpose—That the Remains
                            of his Legion for the Purpose of Discipline at such Place as you shall direct. Colonel Armand hath also requested that
                            Lieut. Colonel Ternant may be appointed Lieut. Colonel of his Legion: the Board of War having reported in favour of his
                            Request, Congress have thought it expedient to refer the same to your Excellency.
                        I have also enclosed for your Information a Resolve of the 26th Instant correcting some Anachronisms
                            respecting the Time fixed with Regard to the Officers therein mentioned when their additional Pay shall commence in the
                            new Emissions and for retained Rations &c.; fixing the Time to the first of August last conformable to the Pay in
                            the Line of the Army. I have the Honor to be with the highest Respect your Excellency’s most obedient & most
                            humble Servant

                            Sam. Huntington President

                            P.S. I have been Honourd with your favour of the 23d instant.

                     Enclosure

                                Long Island November 5th 1780

                            To the Honourable, the Representatives of the United States of North America, in General Congress
                                Assembled.
                            Gentlemen.
                            We whose names are hereto subscrib’d, Citizens of America, and at this time, prisoners, within the
                                British lines, being compel’d by various distresses, and particularly, by the cruel neglect, we experience in the
                                present Exchange, to cry for releif, request your favourable Attention, to the following circumstances.
                            Whatever inactivity our present charactars may seem to imply, we can with truth, severally assert, that
                                we have at all times, from the earliest period of the contest, attended with alacrity to the call of our country, on
                                every emergency. Most of us held commissions, but happen’d to be out of Service when taken. The British demand
                                Officers in exchange, not only for those who are in these circumstances, but likewise for those who have formerly been
                                Officers; but who being neither commission’d nor in actual Service when taken, have most assuredly, no claim to
                                Military rank. This demand, the American Commissary General deems unreasonable; a discussion of the disagreement is
                                therefore defer’d till another opportunity, and the unfortunate subjects of it, are in the Meantime to languish in
                                Captivity.
                            We beg leave now express our Apprehension, that whenever a future exchange may be set on foot, the same
                                impractibility of ascertaining our ranks, will subsist, unless by a previous examination, the difficulty is removed.
                                This, Gentlemen, is what we earnestly request you will find expedient to ordr.
                            Sensible that more important affairs demand your attention, we declind recapitulating minute distresses,
                                and shall only add a few words respecting the injustice, as well as the Impolicy, of our being denied a part of the
                                publick supplies. We entertain a perfect consideration for the Gentlemen of the Army, & are sensible that
                                Virtue, and publick spirit only, are the motives of their conduct: but we trust that we shall do them no injustice,
                                when we say that we conceive the Citizen to be as worthy & as usefull a Charactar as the Soldier. Why then, we
                                should be utterly neglected, when we have the misfortune to be made prisoners, we cannot conceive, unless the Maxim
                                must be verify’d, "that a claim to services from others must be attended with a Capacity to serve them"—This Capacity
                                we have lost by the chance of war which has at the same time enabled our Country to restore & command it.
                            To prove the impolicy of this distinction, we need only mention the discouragement it must give the
                                Militia, when they reflect, that if they should happen to be made prisoners, but the day after they are discharged
                                from actual service, they must languish out their term of captivity in unpitied want.
                            We now ardently beg that the Grievances we here complain of may be redress’d as speedily as possible
                                & beg leave to subscribe ourselves Gentlemen Your most Obedient, and Devoted Servants

                                Pennya: George Wright
                                Jno. Wm Annis Jacob Sommer Jersey: Garrit Van Wagener
                                duke Wikoff
                                Matthias Ward
                                Delaware: Robert Hondgson
                                Silas Snow

                     Enclosure

                                    19 January 1781

                            Extract of a report from the Board of War dated January 19th 1781
                            "That Lieutenant Colonel Ternant be appointed Lieutenant Colonel of Colonel Armand’s Legion and take his
                                rank and command therein when exchanged."


Title: From George Washington to William Livingston, 27 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Livingston, William

                            Dr Sir,
                            Ringwood Jany 27. 81

                        I have the pleasure to inform your Excellency that the measures concerted for quelling the mutiny in the
                            Jersey line were this morning carried into full execution. The mutineers were unexpectedly surrounded and awed into an
                            unconditional surrender with little hesitation and no resistance. Two of the principal actors were executed on the spot,
                            the rest pardonned—The spirit of mutiny seems now to have completely subsided and to have given place to a genuine
                            repentance. This was very far from being the case previous to this step, nothwithstanding the apparent submission which
                            the assurances of redress had produced—they still continued insolent and refractory, and disobedient to the commands of
                            their officers.
                        A general pardon was promised by Colonel Dayton, on condition of an immediate and full return to duty—This
                            condition was not performed on the part of the mutineers, and of course they were not intitled to the benefit of the
                            promise, besides which the existence of the army called for an example. I have the honor to be with perfect respect and
                            regard Yr Excellys Most Obedient St


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 27 January 1781
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Newburgh Jany 27th 1781 ll A.M.

                        Lieut. Colonel Popkins informed me last Evening that he would impress two Teams to take up the remainder of
                            the Tents agreeably to my Request, as mentioned in my letter of yesterday to your Excellency.
                        The intrenching Tools are loaded and just begun to move, so that the whole other Articles intended to follow
                            the Detachment are now on their way to Ringwood.
                        I send this by Mr Church whom I have directed to procure the Teams at Pompton requisite to relieve those sent
                            from hence with the Tents & intrenching Tools—should he fail of Success the Teams now loaded are to proceed with
                            them till they come up with the Detachment. I am most respectfully &c. &c.

                            T. Pickering Q.M.G.


Title: From George Washington to Anonymous, 27 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Anonymous

                            Sir,
                            Ringwood 27th Jan. 1781

                        Soon after I reached my present quarters at New Windsor I desired Majr Gibbs to send for my Sleigh & some
                            other articles which he told me you had been obliging enough to take charge of for me when the Campaign opened last
                            Summer—having heard, nor seen neither of them yet the presumption is that the letter either miscarried, or that there has
                            been some inattention in the Q. Master at Morris Town. I therefore give you the Trouble of the inclosed letter to him, and
                            shall thank you for seeing that they are dispatched without further delay to New Windsor. I am—Sir Yr Most Obedt Hble Ser.

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Anthony Wayne, 27 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Wayne, Anthony

                            Dr Sir,
                            Ringwood Jany 27. 81

                        I have just received your letter of the 21st—The affair of your line has been singularly mortifying and
                            disagreeable in all its progress. Its influence threatens the whole army. You will have heard of the revolt of part of the
                            Jersey line. Last night we marched a body of troops to their huts to compel an unconditional submission and make examples
                            of some of the leader  The execution of this measure brought me here.
                        I cannot now enter into the several subjects of your letter, but shall only give you my opinion respecting
                            the Capt. Lieutenants. Congress I am persuaded neither intended to exclude nor degrade any particular rank of
                            officers—Previous to the late arrangement the Capt. Lieutenants commanded all the subalterns—I think it but just they
                            should be continued with the same superiority in the present establishment—that is with the rank of junior lieutenants
                            where there are no vacancies of captaincies. The objection to this drawn from many younger lieutenants having been made
                            Capt. Lieutenants, if valid, would in its consequences unmake many Captains who were in the same situation.
                        In other lines of the army The Captain Lieutenants are continued in the manner I mention—that is as
                            Lieutenants with a precedency to all the other Lieutenants—I am with greatest regard Dr Sir Your most Obedient Servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to François-Jean de Beauvoir, marquis de Chastellux, 28 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Chastellux, François-Jean de Beauvoir, marquis de

                            Dear Sir,
                            New Windsor Jany 28th 1781

                        Accept my congratulation on yr safe arrival at New Port in good health, after traversing so much of the
                            American theatre of War—and my thanks for your obliging favor of the 12th making mention thereof, & introductory of the
                            Count de Charlus, whose agreeable Countenance, alone, is a sufficient index to the amiable qualities of his Mind, & does
                            not fail, at first view—to make favourable impressions on all who see him.
                        He spent a few days with us at Head Qrs and is gone to Philadelphia; accompanied by Count de Dillon—I parted
                            with them yesterday at Ringwood—to which place I had repaired to be convenient to the suppression of a partial mutiny in
                            the Jersey Troops at Pompton who (in imitation of those of Pensylvania) had revolted, and were in a State of disobedience
                            to their Officers. This business was happily effected without bloodshed—Two of the principal actors were immediately
                            executed on the spot and due subordination restored before I returned.
                        I wish I had expression equal to my feelings, that I might declare to you the high sense I have of, & the
                            value I set upon, your approbation and friendship. it will be the wish & happiness of my life to merit a continuation of
                            them, & to assure you upon all occasions of my admiration of your character & virtues, and of the sentmts of esteem
                            & regard with wch I have the honor to be Dr Sir


Title: To George Washington from John Glover, 28 January 1781
From: Glover, John
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Garrison West Point 28 Jany 1781

                        Its now about Eight weeks Since I made application to your Excellency for Leave of Absence, at which Time
                            flatterd myself with hopes of being Indulged, in the Cours of the winter when it Could be Granted, without injury to the
                            Service.
                        Neither business, or Amusements, of any kind; however advantagous, pleasing, or Sattisfactory, in the
                            Enjoyment, would have induces’d me to Address’d your Excellency, A second Time on the Subject. but Duty and Affection, to my
                            helpless Orphan Children, (for So I must call them in my Absence) Calls Aloud & urges
                            the necessity, of my makeing them A Visit, before the Campaign happens; or they must unavoidably Suffer, being all Very
                            young, by no means Capable, of Takeing Care of themselves, excepting a Daughter, of Eighteen, who has the Charge of Eight
                            others, a burden much too Great, for So young a person; and what makes it exceedingly more So, they Live in a Sea Port
                            Town, where the necessaries of Life, are Very Dear, and hard to Come at, even were they Poses’d of the means, which at
                            present (I am Sorry to Say) they are not; nor is it in my powers to furnish them, not haveing recived any pay, for twenty months.
                        A few days Ago, I recived a Letter from my Daughter, the purport of which, must have Rouse’d & Awakend
                            the Attention; of the most unnatural parent, much more one who, is Very particularly attach’d to his Children, This may be
                            Call’d A weakness in me; however, its Such A weakness as I at all Times take pride in Shewing.
                        The State and Situation, of my family, haveing been Communicated, with any reserve, or the
                            Least, Colouring; which Sir, you may Depend on, are founded on facts, Should they have any Waite with your Excellency; the
                            favor will be most Greatfully Acknowledge’d. I am Sir Very Respectfully your Excellencys Most Obdt Hble Sert

                            Jno. Glover B. General


Title: To George Washington from William Livingston, 28 January 1781
From: Livingston, William
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir
                            Borden Town 28 Jany 1781

                        I have just been honoured with your Excellency’s favour of the 23d instant, & am greatly mortified at
                            the defection of the Jersey Line. I should immediately have given orders agreeably to your Excellency’s request, had I not
                            at the same time receiv’d Intelligence of their being returned to their duty.
                        I am very apprehensive that the army will suffer for the want of supplies as much this winter as they did the
                            last, & perhaps not bear it with equal good humour. But the want of money to procure them, is not to be cured by
                            any other device in the power of human Invention. I am with the greatest Esteem Dear Sir your most humble St

                            Wil: Livingston


Title: From George Washington to Officer Commanding the New Jersey Line at Pompton, 28 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Officer Commanding the New Jersey Line at Pompton

                            Sir,
                            Ringwood Jany 28th 1781

                        If the Posts at Smiths Clove & Dobbs ferry have been deranged by the late disorders in the Jersey
                            line they are again to be re-established agreeably to former Orders. And as the Pensa Troops have crossed the Delaware,
                            you are, till some other arrangement is made of the Stores at Morris Town to detach about 50 Men properly Officered to be
                            relieved once a fortnight to that place.
                        The Objects of the Officer Commanding there are to cover the public Stores which are at Morris town—to aid
                            the Qr Mr at that Post in forwarding the Provision and other stores to their respective places of destination—And, where
                            necessary to afford escorts.
                        The Letters herewith inclosed you will please to forward immediately—the one for the Commissary of Prisoners
                            requires dispatch. I am Sir Yr Very Hble Servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Israel Shreve, 28 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Shreve, Israel

                            (Private)
                            Sir,
                            Ringwood Jany 28th 1781

                        Your having notice of the intended movement agt the Jersey Troops (under your Command) yesterday, and not
                            appearing on the ground until the business was finished at, or about noon seems so extraordinary in my eye, that I request
                            an explanation of it to avoid unfavourable impressions which may not be well founded. I am—Sir Yr Most Obed
                            Servt

                            Go: W——n


Title: To George Washington from Israel Shreve, 28 January 1781
From: Shreve, Israel
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General
                            Camp 28th Jany 1781.

                        I Just Receavd a few lines from your Excellency, which hurts me Exceedingly, after the Distress Occationed by
                            the Jersey line revolting. but I hope to Give Such Reasons for my conduct Yesterday, as to satisfy your Excellency.
                        when the revolters Got to Chatham Col. Dayton took the Command, and, in the course of their being at that
                            place was Several times Sent by Col. Dayton to Appeas them, and finily to march them without Officers to Camp, though in a
                            Riotes Situation, and to bring this about was Obliged to Ossosiate with the Serjants more than I wished, when General How
                            Surrounded the Camp I was within a few miles and thought it best to not go to Camp untill the matter was Over, or those
                            who Suffered, might Look up to me for to Interseed for their Pardons. I Pointed out to Col. Barber and Major Cumming the
                            Evening before those who I thought most Guilty, those are the reasons why I was Not Present. After serveing in the Army
                            Six years under your Excellencys Command with Reputation, I hope your Excy will Look over Yesterday’s Conduct, as to
                            myself, the Distressed Situation this Mutiny has caused in my mind has been Such as to Stagger me much as to the part I
                            had to Act, the Pardon was given by the Advice of all the Officers that were at Chatham together with the two
                            Commissioners, Signed by Col. Dayton as Comdt and Some time after Signed by me at Col. Daytons Request.
                        I assure your Excy I had no other motive in being absent but what I have mentioned and did it for the best.
                        one thing more I beg leave to mention to your Excy: Col. Dayton has been informed from Congress that his
                            Promotion is not like to take place, Col. Ogden and himself being very Desirous to Remain in Service I have agreed with
                            Col. Dayton to Retire, and wish to go with reputation, I hope your Excy will be pleased to favour me, with a few Lines the
                            first Opportunity.
                        the letter to the Commanding Officer of the Jersey Line I opened, Shall Enclose it to Col. Dayton
                            Immidiately, and Send off the other Letters. I am Dear General your Most Obedt Servt

                            I. Shreve Coll


Title: To George Washington from Benjamin Tallmadge, 28 January 1781
From: Tallmadge, Benjamin
To: Washington, George

                            Dr Generl
                            Wethersfield Jany 28th 1781

                        Enclosed Your Excellency will receive a Copy of a Letter from B. Arnold, which has
                            this day come to hand. I am equally a Stranger to the Channel thro’ which it was conveyed, the Reasons why it was so long
                            on its way, or the motives which induced the Traitor to address himself thus particularly to me. I have determined to
                            treat the Author with the Contempt his Conduct merits, by not answering his Letter, unless Your Excellency should advise a
                            different Measure. I have the Honor to be, With great Regard & Esteem, Sir, Your Excellency’s most Obedt Servt

                            Benja. Tallmadge

                     Enclosure

                                Dr Sir
                                N. York Octr 25th 1780

                            As I know You to be a Man of sense, I am convinced You are by this time fully of opinion that the real
                                Interest & Happiness of America consists in a reunion with Great Britain. To effect which happy purpose I have
                                taken a Commission in the British Army, & invite You to join me with as many Men as You can bring over with
                                You. If You think proper to embrace my Offer, You shall have the same Rank you now hold, in the Cavalry I am about to
                                raise. I shall make use of no arguments to convince You, or to induce You to take a Step which I think right. Your own
                                good sense will suggest every thing I can say on the subject. I will only add that the English Fleet has just arrived
                                with a very large Reinforcement of Troops. I am, Sir, Your Hble Servt

                                B. Arnold


Title: To George Washington from Francis Barber, 29 January 1781
From: Barber, Francis
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Ring wood Jan’y 29th 1781

                        I have only to inclose the within letters for your Excellency’s reading. As it was supposed General Howe was
                            at or near this place &they were first directed & forwarded for him. I am very apprehensive of disagreeable
                            consequences to the Jersey brigade should the enemy land & there be no troops for either a terror to our
                            malcontents & countenance to the Militia. I am with great respect your Excellencys most obedient very humble
                            servant

                            F. Barber
                            Lieut. Col.

                     Enclosure

                                My Dear Sir
                                Chatham Jany 27th 1781

                            I have certain accounts that General Robinson landed yesterday upon Staten Island about 3000 men, with
                                full intent of vissiting the Jersies, I am of opinion he will attempt us as he publicly reprobates Gl Clintons
                                conduct in not attempting to assist the Pensylvania revolters.
                            The enemy appear to have an eye on our Stores at Morris Town and express a great desire of burning that
                                place, if 500 men could be advanced as far as Troy or Cram-Town I think it would cover this part of
                                the country this you can suggest to General Howe if you think proper.
                            I wrote you yesterday respecting the confineing a number of our worst fellows perhaps as the enemy is
                                likely to come out it will be best not to secure any but such as you can give out you expect to prove are detirmined
                                to joyn the British as that is the case with some of the ring leaders I expect to make appear at a proper time. I am
                                Dr Sir yours Sincerely

                                Elias Dayton

                     Enclosure

                                Sir,
                                Chatham Janry 27: 1781

                            I have this moment received certain intelligence, that Lieut. General Robinson landed yesterday upon
                                Staten Island with about three thousand troops, he appears determined to land in Jersey, in expectation of great part
                                of our revolters joyning him. I am apprehensive Genl Robinson will certainly attempt something, as he publicly
                                condemns General Clinton’s conduct in not landing here to support the Pennsylvania mutineers. Several emissarys were
                                sent from New York three days since to drop papers in the Jersey Camp containing offers from Genl Clinton of large
                                rewards to all soldiers who will repair to the British troops upon their landing at Elizabeth Town.
                            I have my fears, as things are situated at this time, the enemy may attempt our stores at Morris Town,
                                especially as they express a great desire to burn that place. I should do myself the honor of waiting on you in person
                                would my health permit. I am Sir your most Humble Servant

                                Elias Dayton

                     Enclosure

                                Sir,
                                Ringwood Jan’y 28th 1781 Evening 10 oCk

                            I expected to have waited on you at this place. The inclosed from Col: Dayton will express my errand
                                & his request. If your command were within reach of Morris Town or Chatham, I know it would be
                                of infinite importance for you to command & your detachment to support & give
                                countenance to the Militia  of the Country. The Militia in the quarter of Chatham & Morris
                                are exceedingly good, but require countenance & support. If you will determine to return, you can make any use
                                of the Jersey troops you think proper. But I must declare that altho I immagine the spirit of mutiny is effectually
                                destroyed, yet I am apprehensive of bad consequences, should the enemy make any progress in the state.
                            I wish, if your detachment should not be ordered for Morris Town, the Jersey Brigade might be ordered for
                                that place. The troops will be among better whigs & have an opportunity of doing more good service. I am sir,
                                with the highest respect Your very humble servant

                                F. Barber
                                Lieut. Col: 3rd Jry R.

                                P.S. I Shall remain at this place until 7 or 8 in the morning of tomorrow.


Title: From George Washington to Ephraim Blaine, 29 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Blaine, Ephraim

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Janry 29. 1781

                        Representations having been made to me, by the Commissy of the  Staff, that there is
                            no provision of the meat kind, for the Artillery & other Troops at this place, nor a prospect of any immediately
                            on account of the impossibility of transportation by Water & that there are Beef Cattle in the Neighbourhood for
                            Sale, but which cannot be obtained without hard Money.You are therefore directed to procure an immediate supply for the
                            Troops, & if it cannot be obtained by purchase, You will take measures for impressing the same, having the Cattle
                            properly estimated & making compensation for them agreeable to the just value—I am Sir.


Title: From George Washington to George Clinton, 29 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Clinton, George

                            Dear Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Janry 29, 1781

                        In the Letter which I did myself the honor of writing to your Excellency the 23rd Instant; I informed you of
                            the revolt of the Jersey Troops, and of the measures I intended to pursue in consequence. I have now the pleasure to inform you, that Major General Howe, with the Detachment under his command,
                            surrounded the Mutineers in their Quarters on the Morning of the 27th brought them without difficulty to an unconditional
                            surrender, and had two of the most active Instigators immediately tried and executed. It was judged unnecessary to extend
                            the example further, as there was every appearance of genuine contrition.
                        I hope this will completely extinguish the spirit of Mutiny, if effectual measures are taken to prevent its
                            revival, by rendering the situation of the Soldiery more tolerable than it has heretofore been. Without this it may be
                            smothered for a while, but it must again break out with greater violence. It is not to be expected that an Army can be
                            permanently held together by those ties on which we have too long depended.
                        I cannot omit doing justice to the Detachment which was sent on this service. There was in its behaviour
                            every mark of fidelity, obedience, disapprobation of the conduct of the Mutineers; and a conviction of the necessity of
                            bringing them to submission, and punishment. They made a long march over mountainous roads, and thro a deep snow with the
                            greatest patience, and obeyed every Order with alacrity. I have the honor to be With the greatest esteem & respect
                            Your Excellencys Most Obedt & Hble Servt

                            Go: Washington

                            P.S. I have received your favor of the 26th inst.

                                Sent also, without this P.S., to John Hancock (M-Ar), William Greene (DeHi), Jonathan Trumbull, Sr. (Ct) and
                                    Meshech Weare (Nh-Ar). In the Circular to Greene, the postscript reads: "I am favored with your letter of the 22nd
                                    Inst." In the Circular to Trunmbull, the postscript reads: "I have had the honor to receive your favor of the 16th
                                    inst. by Colonel Dennison."


Title: To George Washington from Philemon Dickinson, 29 January 1781
From: Dickinson, Philemon
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir,
                            Hermitage 29th Jany 1781

                        Your Excellency’s favor of the 23 inst. I have received-- The Governor being at Borden Town, I waited,
                            & forwarded his letter to him-- Our assembly, has adjourned untill May ninth.
                        I am enabled, by the Powers vested in me, to call into actual Service, the whole force of this State, on any
                            emergency-- but cannot march the Troops into a Neighbouring State, without an Order from the Assembly, or the Governor of
                            Privy Council.
                        By an Express, just returned from the Jersey Brigade, I am informed, the mutineers have returned to their
                            Duty. but have not hear’d the mode of accommodation-- Should the assistance of our Militia, be necessary on any occasion,
                            your Excellency may rest assured, of my utmost exertions, to bring them forward, to execute every Order I may be honord
                            with-- I have the honor to be, Your Excellency’s most Obt Hume Servt

                            Philemon Dickinson

                            P.S. I intend spending the remainder of the Winter in Phila. & shall not be any greater
                                distance from Jersey.


Title: To George Washington from James Duane, 29 January 1781
From: Duane, James
To: Washington, George

                            My dear General,
                            Philadelphia 29th January 1781

                        I had the Honour of writing to you last by our Friend the Marquiss de la fayette intending before this to
                            have followed it by some Information on the Subject of cloathing for the army. I have taken pains to investigate it fully
                            and you have the best Right to the fruites of my Enquiry: It does not appear that there has been any Inattention in the
                            Body of Congress to this essential Article: that there have been faults and probably frauds in the Execution of their
                            orders is too Justly to be apprehended: but the principal disappointment is to be ascribed to a series of real
                            misfortunes. I have not time to enter into a detail of Facts. If the publick business shoud permit I still propose to
                            undertake the Task; if not it shall be reserved for a personal Interview. It will not, I flatter myself, be long before I
                            enjoy that Satisfaction. There are some political Regulations of great Importance which I have exceedingly at heart and
                            which are now drawn near to a Conclusion. My Anxiety to see them finished delays my Journey which General McDougald’s
                            presence here renders practicable. The principal measures to which I allude are the Establishment of Executives or
                            Ministers in the departments of Finance, War the Marine and foreign affairs, the accomplishment of the Confederation: the
                            procuring to Congress an augmentation of power and permanent Revenue for carrying on the War.
                        The day is at length arrived when dangers and distresses have opened the Eyes of the People and they perceive
                            the Want of a common head to draw forth in some Just proportion the Resourses of the several Branches of the federal
                            Union. They perceive that the deliberative power exercised by States individually over the Acts of Congress must terminate
                            in the common Ruin; and the Legislature, however reluctantly, must resign a portion of their Authority to the National
                            Representative, or cease to be Legislatures.
                        The Sufferings and the discontents of the Army, in the mean time, gives us infinite disquiet. woud to God it
                            was in our power to provide an instant and adequate Remedy! but this as your Excellency will observe by our late address
                            must depend on the Exertions of the States. The Insurrection of the pensylvania line, however deeply to be regretted, was
                            accompanied by Circumstances which afford some Consolation. The Enemy at New York on receiving the Information were elated
                            beyond all bounds and gave way to the most extravagant Expectations: but when they learned that the Spies were executed,
                            they were sunk into dejection; and sullen Silence succeeded their short lived Triumph! This Information we have by a young
                            man who left that City a week ago. It was with singular pleasure that we observed your Excellency’s Resolution to remain
                            at West point which entirely corresponded with the opinion and the wishes of Congress. The weighty reasons which inclined
                            you to that determination were presupposed: but the hazarding your Authority among a Soldiery who had suffered real
                            grievances, and were enflamed by Incendiaries, woud alone have been decisive at least untill every other means had proved
                            ineffectual.
                        You will be pleased to hear that our worthy friend Mr Jones of Virginia has resumed his Seat in Congress.
                            That State has relinquished for the common benefit all her Claim to the Westward of the Ohio, and Maryland has acceeded to
                            the Confederation: At least I have read the Act or Resolution of their House of Delegates to that purpose only seven
                            members being in the Negative; and Mr Jones was assured from good Authority that the Senate had concurred. These are
                            Events of infinite Importance and will put a new Face on our Affairs at home but much more so abroad. They will refute the
                            Misrepresentations of our Enemies, and convince our Friends of our perseverance and finer Resolution to maintain our
                            Liberties at every Hazard. The large Cessions of Territory for the use of the federal Union which will be yielded by the
                            respective States must with wise management lay a foundation for reestablishing publick Credit. This Subject, as it ought,
                            employs our unremitted Attention, and it is become practicable to introduce System & oeconomy since the national
                            debt and the Expenditures of the War can be viewed on a specie Scale. The fluctuation of our paper money beggard all
                            calculation—defeated all Estimate. I have endeavoured to make myself master of this intricate Business. We can now form a
                            Judgement of what we owe, and what we want, and it is my opinion that if we can draw from the States a solid and permanent
                            Fund which will produce 2,000,000, Specie dollars annually to be appropriated to the payment of Interest on the debts we
                            owe and ten millions of Dollars which we propose to borrow: If the States will contribute in equitable proportions their
                            internal Resourses: and there is Oconomy in the Expenditures: We may hope with the aids granted by our Ally, and expected
                            from Spain and Holland, to carry on the War more effectually: But before these measures can operate such is the Emergency
                            of our Affairs that on a punctual Compliance with the Requisitions from the States the very Existence of the Army depends;
                            and we feel with the utmost Concern the distresses which their backwardness occasions. But let us quit this painful Topic,
                            and devote this day to Joy and Congratulation since by the Accomplishment of our federal Union we are become A Nation. In
                            a political View it is of more real Importance than a Victory over all our Enemies. We shall not fail of taking advantage
                            of the favorable Temper of the States and recommending for ratification Such additional Articles as will give Vigour and
                            Authority to Government.
                        Be pleased to present my most respectful Complements to Mrs Washington and the Gentlemen of the Family, and
                            to believe that your Glory and your Happiness are among the Objects nearest to my Heart; for I am with the warmest
                            affection Esteem and attachment my dear General Your Excellency’s most Obedient and most humble Servant

                            Jas Duane

                            P.S. I refer you for the Southern News to the enclosd Gazette. Arnold has retreated by Smithfield by
                                Land to Portsmouth and plunderd without remorse. our Friend Col. Harrison has been a principal Suferer. The Militia
                                are assembling in great Force to take Vengence of the Banditti. You will be pleased that Col. Washington has had an
                                opportunity of distinguishing himself in Carolina. It is said that General Ohara is arrivd at Charles Town with only
                                370 of the Guards and that Leslie is gone with the rest of that Detachment to Augustine.
                            Mr Jones and Mr Maddison entreat you to accept their respectful Compliments.


Title: From George Washington to John Glover, 29 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Glover, John

                            Dr Sir,
                            New Windsor Jany 29th 1781

                        I could have wished as General Howe is about to make his journey (in consequence of leave formerly granted
                            him) that you could have remained at the point till his, or General Pattersons return—but as this seems inconvenient, from
                            a pressure of family matters, I yield my consent to your immediate departure thence, provided Genl Heath sees no particular
                            inconvenience resulting from it at this time. I am Dr Sir Yr Most Obedt Serv.

                            G. Washington


Title: From George Washington to William Heath, 29 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Heath, William

                            Dear Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Janry 29th 1781

                        From the excessive hurry of business, I have not had it in my power to notice particularly the contents of
                            your Letter, of the 20th Inst. I immediately directed the Quarter Mastr Genl to have the Provisions you mentioned
                            forwarded to West Point by land or water without a moments delay. I presume he has taken the necessary Measures. Col.
                            Wadsworth informs me there is a probability the salted Provisions from Connecticut will be got on if the sleighing
                            continues. He also mentions that some Cattle may be expected in a few days.
                        The Proceedings of the Court Martial on Oliver Richards are not at Head Quarters. Colonel Scammell may return
                            them to you.
                        Altho the Petition of the Non Commissioned officers of Col. Sprouts Regiment was conceived in decent terms
                            & presented with respect, yet everything that looks like combination ought to be discountenanced; while the Men
                            are assured, that whatever can be done to redress all their real greivances, will be strenuously attempted. The good
                            disposition shewn by the Troops at these Posts in general and by the Detachment under the Command of Major Genl Howe
                            in particular, entitles them to every mark of consideration, and will, I doubt not have a powerful influence in procuring
                            a speedy relief from the hardships under which they labor. My endeavours will never be wanting to have ample justice done
                            to them.
                        The mode of transferring to the Corps of Invalids is not sufficiently known to me, to be explicit on that
                            subject.
                        With respect to your enquiry, whether it is allowable for the Officers belonging to one’s State, to enlist men
                            belonging to another? I am clearly of opinion it is not. And will give orders effectually to prevent it in future—but in
                            the instance of Capt. Machen, who I am informed has recruited five or six Men of the Massachusetts Line whose time of
                            service was expiring; I would recommend, that if the recruiting Money which has been paid them cannot be replaced by
                            Officers of that Line, that these Men should notwithstanding be retained in Service, and be delivered to the New York Line;
                            where I am further informed an exchange may be made of these Recruits for an equal Number of Men belonging to the State
                            of New York, now serving in Col. Cranes Regt of Artillery. If one of these expedients is not adopted, I do not see but the
                            Bounty &  Men will be finally lost to the service—A Sergt of Capt. Machen waits upon you with this.
                        As there is a quantity of Blankets ready to be delivered to the Troops, I could wish to have a Return immediately made of the number which have been sent on from any of the New England States to their Troops since the last
                            delivery, that a distribution may be made in proportion to the real wants. I am Dear Sir With great regard &
                            esteem Your Most Obed. Servant

                            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Robert Howe, 29 January 1781
From: Howe, Robert
To: Washington, George

                            Dear sir,
                            Tunes’s 29th jany 1781

                        I unluckily missed of a letter from Col. Barber Sent me express. the purport of it however I fancy can be
                            pretty well ascertained, as it was brought by an intelligent officer acquainted with the occasion of it who met with Col.
                            Sprout. The enemy had taken part at Staten Island with intention to Support the Jersey insurgents. They sent out a spy
                            with a proclamation offering the Same terms to the Jersey revolters that they offered to the Pensylvanians, complaining
                            highly of the ingratitude of the latter, and hoping better things from the Jersey Corps, and promising to come and
                            negociate for them— The man bringing this fine epistle thought proper to reveal himself to Col. Dayton and to give up
                            every paper and by his Conduct appears to be in Our interest. This, Sir, I think is the substance of the letter—a lame
                            horse obliged me to Stop Short of Smith’s where I intended to be and take up my quarters for the night in a dirty
                            disagreable doghole where the express must have passed and repassed me which gives me much anxiety. As the troops with me
                            are much fatigued and those gone by Kings ferry, I suppose—by this time well on their way; and each party out of provision I
                            do not think they had to be delayed in their return for anything we have as yet heard. they will therefore march off from
                            thence about ten o’clock. I imagine the enemy upon hearing of the event of the 27th will parade over to york Island again.
                            I am Dear Sir with the greatest respect Your Excellency’s Most obedient and Most humble servant

                            Robt Howe


Title: To George Washington from Robert Howe, 29 January 1781
From: Howe, Robert
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir
                            Smith’s (formerly Head Quarters) 29th January 1781

                        I have this moment got the letters design’d for me last night & mention’d in my Express of to day
                            & tho’ I See not much cause to alter my determination express’d in that letter yet I shall wait here your
                            Excellency’s orders. Colo. Barber has detain’d the artillery & the New Hampshire detachment. I am Dear Sir with
                            the Sincerest Respect your Excellency’s Most humble & most obedient Servant

                            Robert Howe

                            P.S. I incluse the Letters & papers.


Title: From George Washington to Robert Howe, 29 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Howe, Robert

                            Dear Sir,
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Jany 29th 81

                        I have received your letter of this day with the papers accompanying it. For fear of a revival of the
                            discontents in the Jersey line, I think it advisable there should remain near them other troops on whose fidelity we can
                            more perfectly rely—on this account I approve the detention of the New Hampshire detachment and the Artillery ’till we
                            hear something more of the movements on Staten Island. Perhaps on receiving intelligence of what has happened in the
                            Jersey line, General Robinson may desist from his supposed intention—To march the Jersey troops alone to Morris Town might
                            only be a temptation the more and to harass other troops with that march in the present state of things would in my
                            opinion be inexpedient on more accounts than one.
                        If the Massachusettes detachment is pretty commodiously situated—it may remain where it is ’till we receive
                            further intelligence; if not, let it return to West Point—in this case you will yourself also return.
                        Signify, if you please to Col. Barber my approbation of his keeping the New Hampshire detachment and the
                            artillery ’till further orders. I am with great regard Dr Sir Yr Most Obedt Ser.

                            G.W.


Title: From George Washington to Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, 29 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de

                            Sir,
                            Head Qrs New Windsor 29th Jany 1781.

                        I have the pleasure to inform your Excellency that the detachment sent against the Mutineers as mentioned in
                            my last, surrounded them in their Quarters on the Morning of the 27th and demanded an immediate surrender, which was
                            complied with on their part without the least attempt to resist—Two of the principal actors were executed on the spot
                            & the remainder pardoned. From the appearances of penetence & submission among them, it was deemed
                            unnecessary and inexpedient to extend the punishment to a greater number.
                        I believe I may venture to assure your Excellency that the spirit of Mutiny is now completely subdued and
                            will not again shew itself. In the present instance indeed it was very partial; for the Mutineers amounted to only two
                            hundred, a great part of the line having refused to participate in their crime.
                        I requested Mr Dumat to inform you of the success of a little enterprise against a Corps of the enemy at
                            Westchester. I have since received an official account. Fifty two of them were made Prisoners, a large quantity of Forage
                            destroyed & a considerable number of Horses & Cattle brought off with scarcely any loss on our side. The
                            execution required hardiness and address the position of the Corps attacked being three or four miles within the Enemy’s
                            Redoubts—A bridge across Harlaem under the protection of one of the Redoubts was burnt to prevent reenforcements coming
                            speedily from the Island.
                        Recent letters from Virginia give me the particulars of Arnolds incursion to Richmond—He burnt there some
                            public & private stores & buildings, a foundery and some other public works in the vicinity; and
                            afterwards retired to Westover, where he first landed, five & twenty miles from Richmond—This part of the Country
                            is so thinly inhabited, that no force could be assembled in time sufficient to give him any material opposition. It was
                            expected he would immediately reimbark from Westover. Virginia intersected as it is with large navigable Rivers is greatly
                            exposed to these kinds of predatory Expeditions—nor is there any remedy against them but a Naval superiority. I think it
                            probable the Enemy will continue to disquiet that State & divert its force from the Southern extremity—while they
                            push their operations there.
                        Leslie with his detachment having landed at Charles Town was marching to form a junction with Cornwallis—This
                            being performed will enable him to recommence the offensive; and we have to apprehend with too much success, as General
                            Greene’s accounts of his situation are far from being flattering. He had taken a new position on the left of
                            Charlottesburg at a place called Checaws on the East side of the River Pedee which gives the command of a Country more
                            abundant in itself & less exhausted by Military operations—He had previously established a Post on the South side
                            of the Catawba near the forks of Broad River to straiten the limits of the enemy and cover the upper Country. His
                            disposition as far as I can judge at this distance and with an imperfect knowledge of the Country seems judicious. I have
                            the honor to be with perfect attachment Yr Excellency’s Most Obedt & Hble Servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from John Sullivan, 29 January 1781
From: Sullivan, John
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General
                            Philadelphia Jany 29th 1781

                        after my return to this City I had the Honor of your Excellencys favor of the 16th Instant we found that the
                            almost total Dissolution of the Pensylvania Line by Furlough or Discharge was absolutely necessary & a
                            re-incorporation the only remedy that could be applied for as a body they would have been Troublesome if not Dangerous.
                            they are Trying to Inlist again and I fear too many of the Disorderly ones will get in: Should that be the Case perhaps it
                            might be a wise measure to keep them always Seperated & Intermixed with other Troops on Detachments or in Garrison
                            but I See I have already gone too far & I beg your excellencys Pardon I did not mean to Dictate but only to remind
                            you that there are among them too many unprincipled Irish & English men ungovernable in their Nature & who
                            are not to be Trusted Long together. As the Jersey Line undertook to follow their Example having not the Same reasons as
                            they had recd both pay & Cloathing I am happy to hear that Your Excey adopted a mode for reducing them which with
                            the former would have been highly impolitic & I believe impractacable. I pray That the Flame may not Extend
                            further. I know it is a Trying time with the Americans in General but above all I Lament The Tryals you are Compelled to
                            go Through. But I am Convinced we shall soon be in better Circumstances our Political Disorder has in my opinion Come to a
                            Crisis & the next Campaign we shall see the Republick rising into Action with new vigor we are now making some
                            arrangements which Evidence the Recovery of our Reason. A minister of Foreign affairs one of Finance a minister of war
                            & of Marine are to be appointed. Maryland has Acceeded to the association Virginia has granted Congress all the
                            Lands west of the Ohio, our Plan of Finance is nearly Through we mean to try for a Loan of Coined Specie & Plate
                            from Individuals in which I Doubt not we Shall Succeed as we mean to Convince them that they will be repaid in Specie by
                            this means we Intend Establishing a Bank to Support Paper for though paper Bills may well Enough Represent Silver
                            & Gold That really does Exist yet when they are used as a Circulating medium to represent Silver & Gold
                            which does not Exist & probably never may this medium is but the Shadow of a Shade—If the Loan can be obtained
                            & Colo. Laurens Should be Successful in France I am Convinced we shall be in a very respectable Situation next
                            year & Even if he is unsuccessful in a much better than we have been for years Past. I promise myself much from
                            our Present & past Distresses. I find that Congress & assemblies begin to Rouse from their Slumber
                            & Individuals are now Alarmed for the Publick Safety who have for years past been Employed in amassing
                            wealth—America has undoubtedly abundant Resources but we Seem to have had neither Efficient Powers or Skill to call them
                            forth. I wish your Excellency would be So oblidging (when you have Leisure to favor me with another Letter) as to give me
                            yr opinion with respect to Colo. Hamilton as a Financier.
                        Your Excellencys Letter with a Flying Seal was Delivered to the President & immediately read in
                            Congress & I think you may rest assured that Every Exertion will be made to prevent Serious Disturbances. I am
                            happy to find That amidst all the Disorders in the Pensylvania Line they gave Such undeniable Evidence of their attachment
                            to the Cause of their Country Even if it answered no other purpose but that of preventing unfavorable Impressions in
                            Europe—I have the Honor to be very respectfully Dear General Your Excellencys Most obedient Servant

                            Jno. Sullivan


Title: To George Washington from James Caldwell, 30 January 1781
From: Caldwell, James
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Pompton Tuesday Night Jany 30. 81.

                        This day the Commissioners met at the Jersey Camp to hear the Claims of those Soldiers who suppose they have
                            served the term of their enlistment. We were happy in the Instructions communicated by Your excellency from Ringwood. They
                            perfectly coincide with the plan we had worked out. From the beginning of the revolt I most possitively refused to treat
                            with the revolted Troops, or to bind myself to any other mode in the enquiry which was to be made, than that of prudence
                            and justice: and your excellency may rely upon it that not a man shall be dismissed the service without clear proof on his
                            side of his title thereto.
                        I am very happy to find by a Letter from General Howe to Colo. Barber of this day, that a Detatchment is to
                            be left in the neighbourhood of this Camp for some time. It is not a doubt with me but many of the Soldiers will be
                            disapointed when the Commissioners give their judgement upon their enlistments. And although I have no reason to apprehend
                            that it will produce anything like a general mutany, yet some may attempt an escape privately to the Enemy. This leads me
                            to offer my opinion in favour of the Proposal made by Colonel Barber to Genl Howe for moving the Brigade to the Huts near
                            Morris Town. From the position your excellency made of the Army in the first Cantonment. a post there was judged necessary.
                            It still appears of importance, not more for a cover to the Country than to preserve the Chain of Communication &
                            Stores. And that the Jersey Brigade would there be better secured against mutany and desertion, is to me very evident. The
                            Years men stationed along the lines woud be a great security against the latter, & the Militia in front &
                            the neighbourhood, the best guard against the former. For Your excellency may be assured, that had the Troops delayed to
                            declare themselves satisfied at Chatham, upon hearing what the Legislature had done for them, the Militia would
                            immediately have reduced them. This accounts for thier Submission while in that neighbourhood &
                            reassuming their evil spirit, on returning towards this place, where the militia were not a terror to
                            them, & the country towards the enemy lay open as a last resource. That Position of the Brigade would also much
                            facilitate the enquiry to be made into their enlistments, which is now rendered almost impracticable from their being so
                            detatched. And I believe it would contribute something considerable towards recruiting new troops to fill up our
                            Regiments. With the most sincere esteem and every kind wish Your excellencys most obedt and very Huml. sert

                            James Caldwell

                            P.S. I left E. Town last sunday Night, & Chatham Yesterday at noon. There was nothing new from
                                the Enemy. Secret illegible
                                 are droping Printed Proclamations, & offers in writing, tending to seduce the Soldiers. And General
                                Robinson seems to have listened to, and countenances, a proposal urged by the Refugees to take Post at Eliz. Town to
                                favour Revolts & collect Deserters.
                            But it has not yet been my opinion that he will cross over to us till his prospects are more
                                flattering. At present, he seems rather too much taken up with his new purchase, Mrs Arnold
                                to ingage in a frey with the Jersey Lads. as before

                            J.C.


Title: From George Washington to Jean-Baptiste de Gouvion, 30 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Gouvion, Jean-Baptiste de

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters Janry 30th 1781

                        Your favor of this day has just come to hand.
                        I cannot consent that any of the drafts from the Pennsylvania Line, with your Corps, should have permission to go
                            to Trenton. All their Accounts may be settled as well in their absence as tho’ they were present, by having their Names,
                            Companies, Claims &c. sent on. As to the Matter of discharge, it can be determined only by their Inlistments, the Captain to whom they belong may forward for them whatever Papers or Documents are necessary to throw light
                            on the subject. I am Sir With great esteem Your Most Obed Servt.


Title: To George Washington from Jean-Baptiste de Gouvion, 30 January 1781
From: Gouvion, Jean-Baptiste de
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            West point January 30th 1781

                        I have here ten men drafted from the pensilvania Line, into the Corps of Sappers, as they Are informed that
                            General Wayne is now Settling the accounts of every Soldier of that line, and discharging those who have Just claims
                            against the validity of their inlistement, they apply’d themselves to me yesterday to have two of them Sent to lay before
                            the General the claims of every one, but I would not comply with their request without your Excellency’s approbation for
                            that purpose. The Captain of the company they all belong to, proposed himself to me to go with these two men.
                        everyone of them pretends to have been inlisted for three years only, but I will have the honour of
                            representing to your Excellency, that they were drafted into the corps of Sappers as inlisted for during the War, they
                            have been mustered So Since they are with me, and they never had the least objection against it, but Since they know of
                            Several men of their line being discharged I am with the greatest Respect your Excellency’s the most obedient Servant

                            J. Gouvion


Title: To George Washington from William Heath, 30 January 1781
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General,
                            West point, Jany 30. 1781.

                        I have this morning been honored with your several favors of yesterday, to which I shall duly attend. Am
                            happy to hear that a supply of Provisions is coming on; some have already arrived. Colo. Vose informs me the new Road is
                            now passable for Sleighs if there is a sufficiency of Snow.
                        I have given an order for the serjeant of Captain Machin’s company to take four Enlisted men to New Windsor:
                            the bounty-money they have received is but a trifle, and might be refunded by the Officer of the regiments to which they
                            did belong; but as they discover an inclination to serve in the Artillery, it may be best to indulge them: probably, your
                            Excellency may think best to order them to Colo. Crane’s regiment, if there are any men lately inlisted in that regiment,
                            belonging to the state of New York; but if the exchange is to be for men belonging to the state of New York, who have for
                            some time been inlisted in Colo. Crane’s regiment, objections naturally arise against it; for there are many Massachusetts
                            men in the New York line, and, perhaps in every line of the Army, there are men belonging to other States, and an exchange
                            of the whole would in its operations be productive of many inconveniencies, and if allowed in one may be contended for in
                            all.
                        Colonel Greene who has lately come on from the Eastward, has represented the necessity of some mode being
                            adopted for supplying the Recruits coming on to the Army with Provisions; several of the former issuing Stores being
                            discontinued: I beg leave to submit it to your Excellency’s consideration.
                        I request to be informed, whether Colo. Cranes regiment is to be considered in the distribution of Clothing
                            from the state Clothier of Massachusetts, or whether they will receive their Clothing from the Continental Store by orders
                            from your Excellency. I have the honor to be With the greatest respect Your Excellencys most obedient servant

                            W. Heath

                            A Soldier belonging to the Connecticut Line, who left New york the last week, Said it was reported in
                                New York, that there had been an action near Kings bridg on Monday in which Colo. Delaney was badly wounded, Sixteen
                                men killed on the Field, and three waggon Loads of wounded, brought off the Hutts, and Colo. Delaney Houses and mills
                                burnt.

                            W.H.