Title: From George Washington to Major General John Sullivan, 12 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Sullivan, John

            Dear Sir
            Head Quarters White plains 12th Sepr 1778

          Yours of the 10th came to hand late last night. The intentions of the Enemy are yet
            very mysterious. From the expression of your letter, I take it for granted that General
            Gray had embarked again after destroying Bedford; and by his hovering about the Coast,
            and Lord Howe’s coming round again to New port, I cannot but think, that they mean
            something more than a diversion or deception. The destruction of the Count D’Estaings
            Fleet is an object of the greatest magnitude, but as that cannot be easily effected,
            while they lay in the Harbour of Boston, without a cooperation by land and water, I am
            apprehensive that they mean to possess themselves of such Grounds in the neighbourhood
            of Boston, as will enable them to carry such a plan into execution. Whether they would
            do this by landing at a distance and marching thro’ the Country, or by possessing
            themselves at once of part of the harbour, I cannot determine. I must therefore
            recommend it to you to keep the strictest watch upon the motions of the Enemy, and if
            you find them inclining towards Boston, endeavour, with your own force and what you can
            collect upon the occasion, to prevent them from taking such positions as will favor
            their designs upon the Fleet.

          Upon a supposition that the Enemy mean to operate to the Eastward, I have already
            advanced three Brigades some distance from the main Body of the Army, ready to move
            forward, should there be occasion; and I intend to place the whole in such a position,
            in a day or two, that they may either march to the Eastward, or be within supporting
            distance of the posts upon the North River, as appearances may require.
          I shall govern myself chiefly in my motions, by the advices I receive from you. I
            therefore most earnestly intreat you to be very clear and explicit in your information,
            and to let me hear from you every day—tho’ there may be nothing material to communicate,
            yet it releives me from a state of anxiety, which a suspension of intelligence naturally
            creates.
          I would not have you attempt, in the present situation of affairs, to divide your force
            too much in order to cover every part of the Country, and as the Enemy have now the
            superiority by sea, I recommend it to you by all means to keep out of Necks or narrow
            peices of land with any considerable Bodies of Men. Small guards posted at the most
            likely places of descent are all that ought to be expected from you. In one of my late
            letters I mentioned the necessity of taking the public Arms out of the Hands of the
            disbanded Militia. I cannot help repeating the
            necessity again, because I find our public Magazines are unable to supply the wants of
            the Army, notwithstanding the great importations of last year. Be pleased to forward my
            letter to Count D’Estaing with the greatest expedition to whom be pleased to communicate
            every move of the enemy by land or water, as far as they come under your
              observation. I am &c.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Woodford, 12 September 1778
From: Woodford, William
To: Washington, George

          Letter not found:from Brig. Gen. William Woodford, 12 Sept.
            1778. A letter of 12 Sept. from Woodford to GW was offered for sale by the Anderson
            Auction Company, Library of the Late Adrian H. Joline of New York
              City. Part 5: American Autographs … to Be Sold April 28 and 29, 1915, entry 621.
            The catalog quotes one sentence of the letter, which requested a leave of absence for
            Lt. Col. John Cropper: “If your Excellency has no objection, he can be spared from his
            Regt. which Col. Morgan commands.”


Title: General Orders, 13 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To:

            Head-Quarters W. Plains Sunday Septr 13th 1778.
            Parole Eugene—C. Signs Eastown Elk.

          The Commander in Chief directs that such of the sick in Camp who are able to walk may
            be immediately sent off towards Peeks-Kill under  careful Officers
            who will march them moderately and attend carefully to their Accommodation; They are to
            take their Arms and Accoutrements with them; Their Packs to be sent to Terrytown and
            transported by Water to Fish Kill—Boats will meet this part of the sick at Peeks-Kill to
            convey them to Fish Kill.
          At a General Court-Martial whereof Coll Humpton was President Septr 4th 1778—John
            Pooler Private in the second Regiment of Light Dragoons tried 1st for Desertion—2ndly
            Selling his Continental Cloathing—3rdly Stealing a horse and Saddle found guilty of
            breaches of the 1st Article 6th Section, of 3rd Article 12th section and of 5th Article
            of 18th Section of the Articles of War and sentenced to receive one hundred lashes and
            to serve on board such Frigate as His Excellency shall direct during the term for which
            he is inlisted.
          His Excellency remits the service on board a Frigate but approves the remainder of the
            sentence and orders it to be put in execution tomorrow morning at the head of the
            Regiment to which he belongs.


Title: From George Washington to Major General William Heath, 13 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Heath, William

            Dear Sir,
            Head Quarters White Plains Sepr 13. 1778

          I have just received advice from the Board of War, that they have given directions to
            Mr Fletcher, to send forward to Springfield and Hartford all the ready made cloathing in
            his possession, there to be sorted and repacked previous to their coming to Camp, except
            a few particular articles, which are ordered immediately on; and to deliver Messrs Otis
            and Andrews all the Cloths, woolens linnens and other goods, to be made up by them, as
            expeditiously as possible, for a further supply.
          The necessities of the army and the experience we have had of the total mismanagement,
            too common in the manner of transporting cloathing to camp, by which great delay and
            loss have been incurred—induce me to desire your particular attention and assistance in
            the matter. The importance in this advanced season of losing no time and sparing no
            pains to supply the exigencies of the soldiery, in so essential an article, is too
            obvious, and I am persuaded too interesting to your own feelings, to need being inforced
            by a single argument. I would wish you to call upon Mr Fletcher to know what means he is
            employing to answer the views of the Board; and if they do not appear to you perfectly
            adequate, to concert with him any additional measures, you may think adviseable. The
            necessity is urgent and the exertions should be proportioned.
          I have written to General Greene directing him to instruct his assistants in Boston,
            that they may strain every nerve to give the most effectual aid. There is a number of return-waggons both in the Commissary’s
            and Quarter Master’s line, which may be made use of on the occasion, and be a saving of
            expence to the public. But though this resource should be well improved, in a business
            of such moment, it ought not wholly to be relied on. It is my anxious wish, the
            cloathing may come on with the greatest dispatch, and as much together as circumstances
            will permit; and for this purpose every expedient ought to be used to provide a
            sufficient number of waggons—hiring them if to be had, or if not, calling in the aid of
            the civil authority to impress, or otherwise procure them in the most certain and
            expeditious mode.
          It hath been too much a practice hitherto to send on the cloathing in small parcels,
            without a guard or conductor to take care of them. The consequences have been, in every
            case, loss of time, in many cases, the loss of the cloathing itself, which being
            scattered about at different places on the road, has often been converted to private
            use. To obviate this—I request your care to have trusty persons appointed to conduct the
            cloathing, to the respective depositaries, furnished with proper
            guards—to facilitate which, it will be necessary to send it on in large parcels.
          I should also be glad, you would call upon Messrs Otis and Andrews and know what
            measures they are taking for making up the articles intrusted to their care—and to give
            them all the advice and assistance in your power. In every step you take, however, you
            are to be cautious not to contravene the directions of the Board of War; but to promote
            and accelerate their execution. With great esteem and regard I am Sir Your most Obedt
            servant

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General Charles Scott, 13 September 1778
From: Scott, Charles
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            [Westchester County, N.Y.] 1/2 past 11 oClock Sept. 13th 1778

          I have this moment Intelligence from Colo. Gist That, by a Deserter he is informd that
            there are about Five thousand of the enemy Coming out, two thousand On the Albany road
            & three thousand on Mile square Road. the deserter says that he belong’d to one
            of the Parties. in consequince of this I have put every thing In the Greatest readiness
            to receive them. mean time I Have orderd Majr Lee & Majr Tammage to keep Out
            Strong Patrolling parties, on the Right and left of our incampment and also infront. if
            I should Hear with Certainty that they Mean to reach my Camp I shall Fier three Musquets
            as an alarm Which May be heard at Head Quarters, (I think) But least it Should not a
            horsman Shall be dispatched To give You the Earliest Intelligence possable. I am Your Excellencys Obt Servt

            Chs Scott


Title: To George Washington from Major General John Sullivan, 13 September 1778
From: Sullivan, John
To: Washington, George

            My Dear
            General Providence Septemr 13th 1778

          I have nothing new in this Quarter Since my Last The
            Pilots who waited on Count D Estaing call for Six Dollars pr Day I Should be glad to
            know whether the Sum ought to be allowd or whether I am to pay them or Send them to the
            Count.
          Many officers of Jacksons Detachment want to Resign as there is a great Surplusage of
            them I think it would be no Injury to the Service. I think also that if the three
              Regiments were Incorporated into one it would be a
            great Saving of Expence to the publick. I wish to know your Excellenceys mind upon the
            Several points & have the Honor to be with the most profound Respect your
            Excellenceys most obedt Servt

            Jno. Sullivan


Title: General Orders, 14 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To:

            Head-Quarters W. Plains Monday Septr 14th 1778.
            Parole St Augustine—C. Signs Salem. Sandown.

          The Consumption of Ammunition in this Army considering there has been no Action nor any
            extraordinary weather to injure Cartridges in good tents, has for the two last Months
            been beyond description; but this is not to be wondered at when the Camp is continually
            disturbed both within it’s own limits and Vicinity by a disorderly firing—So many orders
            have been given to correct this Abuse, and induce the Exertions of the Officers to
            prevent it, punish delinquents and make their men attentive to preserving their
            Ammunition, that it gives the General real Pain to be compell’d to a further Repetition;
            but finding himself hitherto disappointed he positively requires that Officers
            Commanding Companies will in future keep an exact account of the Cartridges delivered
            their men, charging six pence for every Cartridge which cannot be satisfactorily
            accounted for besides administring Corporal Punishment for neglect and disobedience.
            This order is to be regularly read to the men once a Week in Presence of a Commissioned
            Officer to obviate every Plea of Ignorance.
          At a General Court Martial in Maxwell’s Brigade Septr 4th 1778—Coll Shreve President,
            Captn Mitchel of the 4th New Jersey Regiment was tried for willfully disobeying
            positive, Express written Orders on the night of the first of September. The Court are
            unanimously of opinion the Charge is not supported, but that he behaved like a careful,
            vigilant, active Officer and do therefore acquit him with honor.
          At the same Court Septr 5th Capt. Burroughs of late Forman’s Regiment was tried for
            disobeying positive written General Orders on the night of the 2nd of September and
            persisting in the same: The Court likewise acquit him of the Charges with honor.
          His Excellency the Commander in Chief confirms the Opinion of the Court.
          At a General Court-Martial in Nixon’s Brigade September the 12th—1778—Lieutt Coll
            Loring President Captn Daniels of Coll Nixon’s Regiment was tried for Inattention to his
            duty while under Arms—The Court are of opinion that the
            Charge is not supported and that he be acquitted with honor. The Commander in Chief
            confirms the Opinion of the Court.
          After orders September 14th 1778.
          At a General Court Martial held in the Highlands January the 13th 1778—by order of
            Major Genl Putnam whereof Coll Henry Sherburne was President—Matthias Colbhart of Rye in
            the State of New-York was tried for holding a Correspondence with the Enemy of the  United States, living as a Spy among the Continental Troops and
            inlisting and persuading them to desert to the British Army, found guilty of the whole
            Charge alledg’d against him and in particular of a breach of the 19th Article of the
            13th section of the Articles of War and therefore
            sentenced to be punished with Death—by hanging him by the Neck until he is dead.
          Which Sentence was approved of by Major General Putnam. His Excellency the Commander in
            Chief orders him to be executed tomorrow morning nine ô Clock on Gallows Hill.


Title: From George Washington to the Board of War, 14 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Board of War

            Gentn
            Head Qrs White plains Septr 14: 1778

          On sunday night I had the honor to receive your favors of the 5th & 7th
            Instant, with the papers to which they refer.
          It gave me great pleasure to find, that we were on so respectable a footing in the
            General articles of Cloathing, and I would fain hope, if we can once get the Troops
            tolerably supplied, that we shall in future, by proper & timely exertions always
            keep them well and suitably provided.
             I have written to Mess. Otis & Andrews urging the necessity
            of the strictest attention to the points severally enjoined them—and also to General
            Heath, to give every possible assistance to have the Cloathing forwarded, under the care
            of proper persons to be employed for the purpose. For
            want of a regulation of this sort, It has come on, when it came at all, in the strangest
            manner; and the loss I am persuaded has been immense. I have also written to General
            Greene requesting that he will use his endeavours to expedite the Transportation. The deficiency in Hats, besides taking off much from the
            appearance of the Men, will be an essential want, in case they cannot be procured. I do
            not know how good or extensive the Boards prospects may be of obtaining supplies at
            philadelphia, and from the southern States; but I should think, if the order to the
            Agents in this instance as well as for Blankets—Stockings and Shoes, was enlarged, no
            injury would arise from it, as the demand is almost constant. And here I will take occasion to submit to the Boards
            consideration, whether it will not be greatly to the advantage of the States, to enter
            into Contracts for the Article of Shoes. It appears to me, that this would produce not
            only large & certain supplies but such as would be good. I have been told that A
            Mr Henry in Lancaster would contract for a considerable number and so of others in
            Jersey and I dare say there are persons in every State, who would engage in the
            business—and that it might be conducted by an easy and profitable barter of Hides for
            Shoes, compared to the prices usually paid and the waste of the former. The Board’s idea
            of having all the new Cloathing delivered at one time is certainly right—and the measure
            will be attended with many valuable consequences. I also think the depositing of the old
            in proper places of security a beneficial expedient.
            With respect to overalls, Woollen ones for the Winter and Linnen of a proper quality for
            the Summer, in my opinion, are much to be desired for the Troops. They look well and
            neat and in the summer at least they will remove the difficulty of furnishing Stockings;
            In the winter, both Overalls and Stockings should be provided if it can be done, as is
            the case in the British Army—but if it can not, Socks made out of the Old Cloaths, might
            in some degree answer as a substitute for the latter. I perceive the Board have directed
            Overalls instead of Breeches as far as the quantity & quality of the Cloth to be
            made up will admit—This I wish them to make a standing rule. I have desired Mr Otis
            & Andrews to make a distinction in the Cloaths for the Sergeants—to let them be
            superior in quality to that of the Soldiers—and to be more in the Style of Officers. For
            want of this and some encouraging designating marks, we have been very deficient in this
            useful & essential order of men in our Army. I have  also
            suggested to them, that the Drummers & fifers should be uniformed differently
            from the Soldiers of their Regiment. The Board I observe have not considered themselves
            at liberty to direct the purchase of Mittens. These in case of a late Campaign or a
            Winter expedition will be of great service—and I would recommend the procuring a good
              many.
          I do not find from the Invoice nor from the Copies of the Letters which the Board have
            been pleased to transmit me, that there is any provision of Cloathing for the
              Officers. I wish some measures could be pursued for
            this purpose. At present, it is with infinite difficulty that an Officer can procure
            necessaries to make him appear decent—and when he can, it is at the expence of all his
              pay.
          I would also take the liberty to mention to the Board, that we are in great want of
            Cartouch Boxes. At this time we have many Men without any—and a large proportion of
            those we have in use, serve but for little more than to spoil ammunition. This is an
            object worthy of consideration—and I am well persuaded the waste of Cartridges in the
            course of a Campaign, independent of their utility, and the inconveniences experienced
            for want of them, is equal nearly in value to the sum necessary to procure a competent
            supply. The Board are acquainted with the best patterns and the quality of the leather
            of which they ought to be made; and I trust they will direct the most expeditious
            measures to be pursued for furnishing the Army with them.
          The prisoners confined in Easton jail, were committed by an Officer who had the charge
            of conducting a party to Valley forge, for mutinous conduct and attempting to escape, as
            he reported to me. If they could be employed at
            philadelphia or about the River defences, it would be the best way of disposing of them.
            To bring them to the Army—would be to afford them an opportunity of deserting with their
            arms and cloathing—and perhaps of seducing many others. I have the Honor &c.

            G.W.


Title: To George Washington from Richard Caswell, 14 September 1778
From: Caswell, Richard
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            North Carolina 14th September 1778

          The General Assembly in may last directed a French Regiment to be raised in this State
            for the Service of the United States & directed Commissions to issue to the
            Officers necessary to Command such Regiment among whom was Monsr Sureau Duviviear
            appointed Major, the impracticability of raising which
            Regiment appeared to the General Assembly in their late Session in August last, when
            they thought propper to disband the privates that were inlisted and declered the State
            had no further Service for the Officers, Mr Duvivire
            who will have the Honor of presenting this letter Behaved extreamly well in his Station
            whilst imployed here, which indues me to take the Liberty of recommending him to your
            Excellency Notice. I have the Honor to be with the
            utmost respect & regard—Sir your Excellency’s Most Obdt & very Humble
            Servt

            Richard Caswell


Title: From George Washington to Samuel Fletcher, 14 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Fletcher, Samuel

            Sir
            Head Quarters White plains 14 Sept. 1778

          The Board of War have favd me with a Copy of their letter to you of the 20th Augt by
            which I find that they had directed you to forward all the ready made cloathing to
            Springfeild and Harford there to be opened, aired and Assorted, and the Blankets, Shoes
            Stockings and shirts to Camp.
          The intent of the Board is to put the whole Army in compleat new uniform as early as
            possible in October, and to call in the old cloathing to be appropriated to other
            purposes. As their orders to you were pressing, I hope that considerable progress has
            been already made in forwarding the Goods to the places directed, but lest you should
            have met with difficulties in procuring Waggons, I have wrote to Genl Heath and the
            Quarter Master General to afford you all the assistance in their power. I expect you will derive considerable advantage from the
            returning  Teams which have carried provision to the Fleet and Army
            at Boston.
          I observe that the Board had directed you to deliver all the unmade Cloths and linens
            to Mess[r]s Otis and Andrews, to be by them made up into proper Cloathing for the Army.
            When finished and packed up, they will put them under your care to be forwarded after
            the others.
          Vast quantities of cloathing have been lost during the course of last winter, in the
            passage from Boston to Valley forge, for want of proper persons to attend and conduct
            the Waggons, and see the delivery of the goods at the place of destination: to remedy
            this evil, I have likewise desired General Heath and the Qr Mr to appoint active
            persons, whose Business it shall be to attend every detachment of Waggons, and see that
            they neither loiter upon the way or lose any part of their loading. It is of the
            greatest consequence to the Healths of the Troops that the Blankets should reach them as
            quick as possible, and I therefore desire that they and the shoes may be first
            forwarded, with orders to come immediately to the Army. The season also requires that
            the Men should be in their new Cloathing as early as possible in next month. I therefore
            hope that no exertion on your part will be wanting to have it lodged at the places
            directed, and properly assorted for delivery to the Deputy Cloathiers. I am
            &.


Title: To George Washington from William Livingston, 14 September 1778
From: Livingston, William
To: Washington, George

            Dear Sir
            Brunswick [N.J.] 14. Sepr 1778

          I just now arrived in this City, & there find Capt. Costigan just arrived on
            parole—I learn that an express is already gone from him to Collo. Lowrie—I was almost tempted to send him to your Excellency to prevent
            any Interview between him & Lowrie, whom I take to be one of the most artful man
            living—But to take a man Prisoner, & thus to bring him into disgrace, when for
            any thing I know, he may be innocent, I think would rather be a rash step, and probably
            exeed my authority—I therefore give your Excellency the earliest notice of his being
            here, & intend to send this by express to General Maxwell, with request to him
            to dispatch it to the commanding officer at hackinsack—I am with the highest esteem Dear Sir your Excellencys most obedient humble Servt

            Wil: Livingston


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Maxwell, 14 September 1778
From: Maxwell, William
To: Washington, George

            Sir,
            Elizth Town [N.J.] 14th Septr 1778 Evening

          I believe I can inform you Excellency that Lord How is returned to New york with the
            whole or greatest part of his Fleet. This I had last night from N.Y. and to day
            confirmed by Major Howel so far that 29 Sail went in.
            The Brest Fleet is much talked of but no one knows where it is. It is said that with
            Genl Clinton came Lord Cornwalles & Sir Wm Arskin but that the Troops they took
            with them was left at Rhode Island or Connanicut with General Grant My Informant says
            there was a Council of General Officers held in New York yesterday it was thought on
            Bussiness of the utmost importance to them selves, supposed about their sittuation a
            Packet is expected in hourly when it is thought they will declare their Intensions, to
            move off. Three Regts was to leave Statten Island to day or to Morrow whether to
            embarque or go to New York not known. Viz. the 10th 27th & 55th Regts. Any of
            the Transports that wanted repair was geting it This is all I can gather at present and Am Your Excellencys Most Obedient Humble Servant

            Wm Maxwell


Title: From George Washington to Otis & Andrews, 14 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Otis & Andrews

            Gentn
            Head Quarters White plains 14th Sepr 1778

          I have been honored with a letter from the Board of War accompanied by the Copy of one
            from the Board to you of the 20th August.

          They desire me to give you such further directions as I may judge proper and essential
            to the good of the service, but their instructions are so full, that I have very little
            to amend or to add. In making up regimental Cloathing in future, I must desire that a
            difference may be made between the Serjeants suits and those for the privates, both as
            to fineness of Cloth and mode of finishing. Nothing contributes more to keep up that
            distinction which ought to subsist between the non-commissioned Officer and the soldier
            than a difference in point of dress. The Cloathing of the Drums and Fifes should also be
            characteristic of the Regt to which they belong, that is, the Ground of the Coat of the
            same Colour as the Regimental facing—The Board have with great propriety remarked upon
            the usual scantiness of the Cloaths and I beg that it may be particularly attended
            to.
          We are often unable to alter or even to mend the Cloaths of the soldiers for want of
            Thread; I could therefore wish that you would purchase a quantity of coloured threads
            and send them forward to the Deputy Cloathier General who attends the Army, to be
            distributed among the regimental Quarter Masters.
          The approaching season demands that no time should be lost in having the Cloathing made
            up and ready for the Troops. I must therefore urge your utmost exertions in that
            respect.
          I observe that the Board of War have instructed you to have all the Cloths fit for
            overhalls made up into that kind of Garment, and I must desire that you will in future,
            except you have orders to the contrary, endeavour to have a sufficiency of them, both
            for winter and summer wear instead of Breeches. The superior advantages of them in point
            of convenience, and warmth and coolness, at the different seasons is too obvious to need
            commenting upon.
          Taking it for granted that the charge of forwarding the Cloathing when made up,
            devolves upon Mr Fletcher, I have wrote to him upon the subject, and have desired Genl
            Heath and the Quarter Master General to give him every assistance in procuring fresh
            teams and taking advantage of those returning, which have carried supplies to the Fleet
            and Army at Boston.
          I would recommend it to you to pack all the Uniforms of different Colours in separate
            Parcels, marking upon the package the number and Colour of the Contents.
          General Knox will send an Officer with a return of the uniforms and other Cloathing
            still deficient for the Corps of Artillery. Be pleased to attend to it and make up the
            quantity called for by him. I am &c.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General Charles Scott, 14 September 1778
From: Scott, Charles
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            [Westchester County, N.Y.] Monday Morning Sun rise [14 September
              1778]

          I this moment recd a Note from Majr Tallmadge who informs me that his patroles Are Just
            returnd, who has been on all the roads Between the Brunnx and North river, the one on
            the albany road proceeded down almost as Fare as Phillips’s Hous that on Sawmill River
            as low as fowlers then Crossed the ridge To the Mile
            Square road five miles below this, Nither of which has obtaind the least intellags. of
            any Movement of the enemy. I have heard Nothing from Majr Lee who is on the east side of
            the Brunx, the deserter is Just reached my Camp who Seams to give but a lame Acct. He
            knows nothing of any troops Coming from long Island. he says that Some red Coats and
            greens Moved over the Bridg Last evening to Join Those troops on this Side, he Supposes
            when all togather amounted to about 2000, who He Says was on their March when he came
            off I this moment recd a Message from Majr Lee who informs me that his patrolls is allso
            Returnd without any intelligence of the enemy. I am Your Excellencys Obt Servant

            Chs Scott


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General Gold Selleck Silliman, 14 September 1778
From: Silliman, Gold Selleck
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Fairfield [Conn.] Septemr 14th 1778

          Your Favour of the 27th Ult. respecting a Guard at the Commissary’s Stores at the
            Landing in this Town I received the 2d Instant, inclosed in One from Mr Squier. He desires me to have the Guard constantly kept up
            through the Summer. Whereupon I immediately gave Orders to an Ensign to inlist the
            Number of Men requested with One Serjeant, and One Corporal, to mount a Guard at the
            Store and to remain on

          Duty untill the first of January unless sooner discharged; and directed him to apply to
            Mr Squier for Provisions Cookeing Utensills &c. The Ensign had very good Success
            in inlisting his Men, and has had a Guard mounted for some time past tho his Number is
            not yet compleated. Our present Circumstances are such that to have ordered a Detachment
            to have been made would not have answered the End. But the Ensign was with me on
            Saturday last and told me that Mr Squier had refused to furnish his Men with Provisions
            &c. I prevailed with him to keep his Men on Duty, till I could write Your
            Excellency on the Subject and have Your Answer. I first wrote Mr Squier on the Subject,
            but he has not thought proper to give me any Answer at all. I have therefore to desire
            Your Excellency to give the Necessary Orders respecting Provisions for the Men, for I
            have none for them, and they cant be expected to remain on Duty without. This Store
            stands in a Place that is very much exposed to the Enemy. A 20 Gun Ship may Anchor
            within a Mile of it, & her Boats may come directly to the Store &
            destroy it notwithstanding such a small Guard as this is. I am of Opinion that there
            ought to be at that Place a Captain’s Command at least. But this in our exhausted State
            it would be extreamly difficult to raise here. Might not the Continental Troops at
            Norwalk be posted in this Town with equal Advantage and save the Trouble &
            Expence of a Guard from the Militia? I am Your
            Excellency’s Most Obedient & Most Humble Servant

            G. Selleck Silliman


Title: To George Washington from Major General John Sullivan, 14 September 1778
From: Sullivan, John
To: Washington, George

            Dear General
            Providence Septemr 14th 1778

          I was this morning Honoured with your Excellencys favor of the 12th Instant; The
            Directions in which I Shall Carefully Comply with & give Constant & the
            most Explicit Information of Every thing which may occur in this Department. I Inclose
            your Excellencey a piece of Intelligence Reced from General Heath this morning. There is a Rumor here that an Express is arrived at
            Boston Informing that the Enemy has Landed at Falmouth Casco Bay & Burnt the
            remaining part of the  Town. I have
            not been able to find out how it came or what party of the Enemy was Employd in this
            Laudable Business or Even how far the Report may be Relied on. General Gray with his
            Fleet has been gone from Bedford Several Days it is possible that he might have done it
            but he must have been favored with remarkable good winds. Lord Howes Fleet was a few
            Days agow Anchored under Block Island they are Cruising about Block Island Sound
            Constantly for what purpose I know not. A man has Arrived at this place (one Jacob
            Westcoat) who Governor Bowen Says is a man of great veracity he Says that he Sailed from the west Indias with an English
            Fleet of Merchantmen bound home—under Convoy That the vessel he was on was Cleared out
            for Hallifax That after parting from the Fleet & Coming upon this Coast They
            were brought to by a Privateer from New york The Captain was ordered on Board with his
            papers which being Examined the vessel was Suffered to proceed The Captain of the
            Privateer Informed the Captain of the merchantman That the Enemy was going to Evacuate
            New york & bring all their Land and Naval Force against Boston to possess
            themselves of That Town and Destroy the French Fleet—I make no Doubt of the Captain of
            the Privateer having given this Information but how far his Authority is to be Relied on
            your Excellencey will Determine This is all the Information I have in this Department I
            Shall write your Excellencey Every Day in future—The Arms are all taken out of the hands
            of the Militia And Shall be forwarded to Springfield with all possible Dispatch I have
            the honor to be Dear General with the greatest Respect your Excellenceys most obedt
            Servt

            Jno. Sullivan


Title: General Orders, 15 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To:

           Head-Quarters W. Plains Tuesday Septr 15th 1778.
            Parole Dunkirk–C. Signs Dresden. Danbury–

          After Orders September 15th 1778.
          1st—The whole Army will march tomorrow morning at seven ôClock—The General will beat at five the troop at six and the march at seven precisely.
          2nd The baggage will precede the troops the first day Provision and Forage Waggons going in front. 3rd The Park of Artillery will march with the second Line between Parsons’s and Clinton’s Brigades.
          4th The Commander in Chief’s baggage with the Baggage of all the General, Staff and Flying Hospital are also to march with the second line in the order which will be particularly pointed out by the Quarter Master General.
          5th The Quarter Master and Commissary General will divide the Stores in their respective departments to the several Columns which will lead the Columns of Baggage.
          6th Coll Sheldon with all the Cavalry on the East-Side of the North-River will join General Scott.
          7th—The Quarter Master General will give the particular Order of march to be observed by each Division.
          8th The Troops are to be furnish’d with three days bread.

          Camp White Plains 15th Septr 1778.
          The board of General Officers assembled by order of His Excellency the Commander in Chief to settle the relative rank of the Field Officers of Artillery, met this day & being of opinion that the rules of settling rank as published in General Orders of the 9th instant (with the Approbation of the honorable Committee of Congress for arranging the Army) are fully competent to determine the relative rank of the said Officers of Artillery—The board thereupon agreed that the Field Officers of that Corps at present on the ground ought to take rank in the following manner in the Line of Artillery with respect to each other but that this Arrangement does not prevent them from such other Rank as they are intitled to in the Line of the Army, nor with respect to such Officers of their own Corps as are absent whose Pretensions are unknown to the board.
          1st Coll—John Lamb 2nd Lt Coll Oswald
          2nd—Harrison 3rd Popkins
          1st Lieut. Coll Carrington 4th Stevens

          The board are also of Opinion that the Regiments of Artillery ought to rank in the following manner.
          1st Regiment Cranes.
          2nd Proctor’s
          3rd Harrison’s
           4th Lamb’s.

          The General Court Martial whereof Coll Humpton is President will assemble near Croten Bridge tomorrow twelve ôClock at such house as the President shall appoint. All Evidences and Persons concerned are ordered to attend.


Title: From George Washington to Lieutenant Colonel Udny Hay, 15 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Hay, Udny

            Sir,
            [White Plains, 15 September 1778]

          The army is to march tomorrow morning precisely at seven OClock. It will move in three columns—one consisting of the two divisions, General Putnams and Baron De Kalbs, will proceed towards Crotons Bridge—The former will prosecute its route to West Point—the latter will file off at or near Croton’s Bridge to Fredericksburgh and there join the second line under Major General Lord Stirling—another column consisting of the whole second line, will proceed towards Fredericks-burgh and the third consisting of General McDougals division towards Danbury to join General Gates who at the same time, will move on towards the same place. You will make the necessary arrangements in your department accordingly observing the particular directions given in the General orders of this day. You will also furnish the officers leading the several columns with their respective routes. The advanced corps under General Scot will take post in the vicinity of Kings street.

          You will regulate the particular order of march for the baggage of the Commander in chief and of all the General staff, with respect to each other. They are immediately to follow the provision and forage Waggons of the second line.
          You will give directions to draw off all the forage as fast as possible from the Country lying between the Highlands and the enemy beginning below and continuing upwards; which may be done under the protection of General Scot’s advanced corps.
          I have directed General Putnam, to have magazines of forage for a Winter’s stock laid up in the vicinity of west Point—and have cautioned General Gates and Lord Stirling to avoid drawing forage from the country lying on route to Boston from Fish Kill &c. This is done to prevent the travelling teams being distressed for want of forage. These objects will of course engage the attention of your department.
          You are to change the routes and stages of the expresses, those to the Eastward by way of Hartford and those to the Southward by way of Sufferans at the Clove—Morristown Coryels &c.
          You will have all boats the property of the public removed to and above King’s ferry. None are to [be] left at this place; but what are essential to the necessary transportation—All, more than this number are to be collected under the care of proper persons at some convenient place in the rear of West Point. Given at Head Quarters—15th September 1778.


Title: To George Washington from Major General William Heath, 15 September 1778
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

            Dear General
            Head Quarters Boston 15 Septr 1778

          The Enemy’s Fleet which visited and destroyed a considerable part of Bedford on the 5th & 6th Instant are now between Martha’s

            Vineyard and Falmouth, (Cape Cod)—it is this Day reported that their number is increased to Seventy Sail, and that they have made a demand on the Inhabitants of the Island for 300 Head of Cattle & 10000 Sheep. I think the Enemy are meditating mischief this way, indeed the present wealth of this Town, with the addition of the French Fleet, is perhaps as great an object as has ever presented itself to the Enemy in any one place during the present war. And will not this, Sir, with their chagrin for leaving this Town, when in their possession, in a manner rather dishonorable, ex[c]ite them by some vigorous exertion if possible to retrieve their sullied reputation, and give a blow, the influence of which will be felt through Europe. every appearance, circumstance and conjecture seem to confirm this. By a letter which I have this day received from Major General Sullivan, he is of opinion that their Fleet will enter our Bay whilst their Land Forces make a lodgment some where near Providence, and endeavour to force a passage to and take possession of some commanding Heights in the Vicinity of the french fleet. But here I very much differ with him in sentiment: Can it be supposed that the Enemy will land their Army at the distance of 40 or 50 Miles and attempt to force their passage through the Country where innumerable obsticles may be thrown in their way, by which their march will be greatly retarded—the Militia have time to assemble & our Grand Army advance, when by landing in this Bay those obsticles will be almost entirely avoided. That the Enemy will make a landing some where in the Vicinity of Rhode Island for the purpose of making a diversion is probable; but if they have real intentions on this Town or the Fleet, the Troops who are to effect the Blockade will be landed not far from this place. This however I submit to your Excellency’s better judgment. Permit me to repeat a wish that a few Continental Battalions may be ordered this way, from the necessity and utility your Excellency will determine.
          The Article of Flour will be exceedingly wanted in this Quarter, we have but a very trifling Quantity now on hand. I have some time since wrote to the different purchasing Commissaries in the most pressing Terms on this head.
          General Hancock desires me to present his best respects—General Green is now here. I have the honor to be With the greatest respect Your Excellency’s Most Obedt Servt

            W. Heath


Title: From George Washington to Major General Johann Kalb, 15 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Kalb, Johann

            Sir,
            [White Plains, 15 September 1778]

          You are to march tomorrow morning precisely at the hour appointed, with your division, in conjunction with the division under the immediate command of Major General Putnam, towards Croton’s bridge; While the divisions continue together, You will take your orders from General Putnam.
          At or near Croton’s Bridge the two divisions separate; and you take the road to Fredericksburgh, ’till you fall in with the second line, which you are to join, and put yourself under the direction of Major General Lord Stirling—In your march from Crotons Bridge you are to communicate with him and govern your motions accordingly.
          You are to march by the left, regulating the particular order of your march, by the principles established in a General order of the first of June last, and by another of this day; preserving the utmost regularity on the march attending carefully to the accommodation of the men, and preventing by the strictest discipline every species of abuse or injury, either to the persons or properties of the inhabitants on any pretence whatever. Given at Head Quarters &c. 15 Sepr 1778.


Title: To George Washington from Major General Charles Lee, 15 September 1778
From: Lee, Charles
To: Washington, George

            Sir—
            Purchase Street Septr the 15th [1778]

          As I understand the Army is soon to move and it certainly will be very awkward for a Man in my circumstances to be oblig’d to attend

            it, I shall think my self very much oblig’d to your Excellency for permission to go to Philadelphia, I shou’d not be so desirous of this indulgence, if I had not been made to believe that it yet may be a considerable time, before my affair is brought to a final decision—I am, Sir, your Excellencys most obedt humble Servt

            Charles Lee


Title: From George Washington to Major General Alexander McDougall, 15 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: McDougall, Alexander

            Sir
            [White Plains, 15 September 1778]

          You are to march tomorrow morning precisely at the time appointed with the division under your command towards Danbury, there to join the left Wing, under the immediate command of Major General Gates.
          You will take the Route by King’s Street Bedford &ca.
          You will regulate the particular order of your march, agreeable to the principles of a General Order issued at Valley Forge the first of June last, and to the General order of this day; observing every precaution to preserve the greatest regularity and to prevent every species of injury or abuse, either to the persons or properties of the inhabitants, on any pretence whatever. Given at Head Quarters White Plains this 15th day of Sepr 1778.

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Maxwell, 15 September 1778
From: Maxwell, William
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Elizth Town [N.J.] 15th Septr 1778

          I inclose to Your Excellency by Coll Balor three Letters from England that may amuse You a little some of which has not gone through the Enemys hands—if Your Excellency will please to return them to me I will send them to the owners Every intiligen[c]e seems to confirm that ten Regts is ordered to the West Indias and is supposed to sail sho[r]tly I have likewise incllosed to Your Excellency one of the latest papers from New York—and am Your Excellencys Most Obedt Humle Servant

            Wm Maxwell B.G.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General Casimir Pulaski, 15 September 1778
From: Pulaski, Casimir
To: Washington, George

          Letter not found: from Brig. Gen. Casimir Pulaski, 15 Sept. 1778. GW wrote Pulaski on 19 Sept.: “I have been favoured with your Letter of the 15 Inst. by Monsr Segond.” Only the addressed cover, which was docketed by Robert Hanson Harrison, has been found (MH: Jared Sparks Collection).


Title: From George Washington to Major General Israel Putnam, 15 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Putnam, Israel

            Sir,
            [White Plains] 15 Sepr 1778.

          You are to march precisely at the hour appointed tomorrow morning, with two divisions, the one under your own immediate command, and the other under the immediate command of Baron De Kalb. You will take the route by Young’s Tavern and Stephen Danfords to Croton Bridge.
          Near Crotons Bridge the two divisions will separate—with the one under your immediate command, You are to Proceed to West Point to reinforce the garrisons in the Highlands, and aid in the completion of the works with all possible expedition. Baron De Kalb will proceed with his division towards Fredericksburgh to join the second line.
          When arrived at West Point, you are to have the horses and waggons of your division employed in laying up Magazines of forage &c., for a Winter store; but you are to be careful not to suffer them to be detached so remotely; but that they may be called in at a short notice, to enable the division to move Eastwardly or elsewhere, as occasion, shall require.
          You will regulate your particular order of march agreeable to the principles established in a General order issued at Valley forge the first of last June and to the General order of this day; to both which you will without doubt pay the most exact attention.
          You will attend carefully to the accommodation of your men on the march—keep your column always compact prevent straggling—and use every other precaution which distinguishes a well ordered march; discouraging by the strictest discipline all injury or abuse, either to the persons or properties of the inhabitants, on any pretence whatever. Given &c. 15 Sepr 1778.


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General Charles Scott, 15 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Scott, Charles

            Sir.
            Head Quarters [White Plains] 15th September 1778.

          The General and Field Officers of the day, have orders to withdraw the pickets at day-break to morrow morning—Previous to that, you are to assemble Major Lees Corps, and the rest of the Cavalry under your command, and distribute them on the different Roads leading to the Enemys lines, directing them to advance with a view of discovering whether the enemy intend any forward movement—that the earliest notice may be given, in case they should be apprized of our march, and meditate any enterprize in consequence of it.
          At Eight OClock if you are satisfied from the reports of the Offi cers of Cavalry, that the enemy are not prepared to give you any interruption; you will begin your march by the left—proceed towards No. Castle or Bedford—& take post on some strong grounds beyond Kings Street—but if this Situation should appear upon a nearer view to be too much exposed either to a surprise in case of a forced night-march on the part of the enemy—or to be turned by a movement up the River, you will take a position still more remote from the enemys lines.
          You will avoid having any stationary Guards—but such as are directly under your eye—and necessary for the immediate security of your Camp—but you will be careful to keep patroles both of horse and foot constantly moving towards the enemys lines—to make discoveries, and warn you of danger in its first approach.
          You will use every possible means to obtain intelligence—your letters, after two days may be sent to Fredericksburg, between Fishkill and Danbury.
          If a total Evacuation of the City and Island of New York should take place You are as soon as the facts is ascertained, to dispatch a Party of One hundred men, under an active intelligent Officer, with orders to secure on behalf of the U.S.—whatever public Stores the enemy may have left—And give immediate notice to the Governor of this State—that he may take his measures for the civil Government—of the territory abandoned by the Enemy.

          Col. Sheldon has received orders to join you with all the horse that are posted on this Side of the River—and will remain with you in your new position. I am &.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General Charles Scott, 15 September 1778
From: Scott, Charles
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            ½ past 7 Sept. 15th 1778

          I this moment recd Intelligence By two Gentlemen from Colo. Gist, that there Are a large partee of the enemy, out on the Albany road about a mile below Phillaps’s Hous and advancing they also inform that a Partee was Seen Going towards Volintins Hill Every Possable Care Shall be taken to git Their Design and be immediatly Transmited. I am Your Excellencys Obt Servant

            Chs Scott

          p.s. Majr Lee was at Delancees Hous today and Very Near taking a Genl & Several Field officers Who had Just Din’d and left the table with the plats on.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General John Stark, 15 September 1778
From: Stark, John
To: Washington, George

            Dear Sir
            Head Quarters Albany 15th Sept. 1778

          since my last Capt. MacKeen has Returned from a Scout from the Unendillo and brought in three prisoners who Inform that Butler and Brant are Determined to pay us another Visit, but if that should be the Case I hope to be able to give a Good Account of them. I Enclose you a Copy of the orders I gave to Capt. MacKeen, for your Approbation he is to serve During Warr, and Where the Commander in Chief is pleased to order him—if a Post is Necessary to be kept at Ft Edward this Winter it is Necessary to prepare Barracks, for the Troops, I wait your orders for that Purpose.
          I find no Alteration in the Qr Masters Conduct there is daily Complaints that the Troops are not Supplyed with Bread and the Season of the Year is Coming on that it cannot be Transported the Road will be so bad, I Gave him orders about a month ago, to send some Tools to Otter Creek for the Troops to fortify themselves but had not Arrived a few days since.
          Major Whitcomb who Commands at that place has sent in four British Sailors from Crown Point.
          Otter Creek is our most Northern Frontier Post within Thirty Miles from Crown Point where the Enemies Shipping Lay and ought by all means to be Secured.
          There is no Pay Master Arrived as yet nor Commissary but they are much Wanted.
          the Packet from the Committee of Congress is forwarded to Colo. Alden, but the Quarter Master General, with Several Assistants, were Nine Hours in providing an Express, in the Mean Time, I was oblidged to find another, and Send the Expresses away myself, in this Manner is the Qr Master Genls Business Carried on. I am Sir with Great Respect Your Very Humble Servt

            John Stark

          N:B. since I wrote the above, I am Informd that one of the Inhabitants, has found a Considerable Numbr of Cannon Shot, which is Supposed to have Laid in the River since Last Warr, if they are Wanted they shall be Sent down the River, should be glad to make the man some Allowance, for his Trouble, if it should be Thought Consistant.

            as above.


Title: To George Washington from Colonel Vienne, 15 September 1778
From: Vienne, Louis-Pierre, marquis de
To: Washington, George

            your Excellency
            To boston 15 7bre 1778

          having Reciev’d news from France, which oblige Me to go home as soon as possible for domestick Concerns, and unwilling [to] Leave off the american Service, I entreat your Excellency to be pleased to give

            me a furlough for Eighteen Months; I pray you to send me a Writing Certifying that I serv’d in your armie as volonteer Since the first june till the fifteenth of july Next, that I Was at minmouth’s Battle, that having been Sent to take a View of the Ennemi’s Camp I took Some prisonners, that the Congress gave me the Rang of Colonel the fifteenth of july, that I Landed in Rhode Island With the american troops, and that My Conduct and Behaviour have been Belonging to an officer and gentleman, I Believe it is the General Suffrage: but the Certificate I Require of your Excellency, is too precious and flattering for me that I not Entreat you to grant it to me.
          I Require of your Excellency to be pleased to write quick an answer to me, the Vessel I propose to go in being Ready to Sail and Waiting only for my parting your permission and Certificate.
          I pray you to give the all to Mr de chouans Who Will have the honour to Deliver you this. it is With the Sentiments of the most profound Respect I have the honour to be of your Excellency the Most humbly and obedient Servant

            C[olonel] marquis Devienne


Title: Circular Enlistment Instructions to Brigadier Generals and Brigade Commandants, 16 September–21 October 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Brigade Commandants,Brigadier Generals

            sir
            [16 Sept.–21 Oct. 1778]Head Qrs Septr 21st 1778

          With the money you have drawn from the pay master General, you will use your best endeavours to inlist the Drafts from Virginia & such of her Old Troops, whose present inlistments will expire before the last of May next, to serve for three years or during the War, in the Army of these United States.
          To facilitate the Inlistments, you will put the money into the hands of such Officers as you may judge proper for the occasion.
          Each Draft & Soldier inlisting, either for three years or during the War, is to be paid a bounty of Twenty Dollars. Besides this, he will receive the usual allowance of Cloathing and of Land.

          Where the Inlistment is for three years, it is to commence from the expiration of the time of service for which the party inlisting stands now engaged.
          You or the Officers appointed by you, are not to inlist the Drafts or Soldiers belonging to any but your own State.
          The names of the Men who inlist, the time when—and the Terms for which they engage, whether for three years or during the War, are all to be particularly noted and set down, that there may not be any disputes or mistakes respecting the same. I am sir Your Most Obedt servt

            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to General Henry Clinton, 16 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Clinton, Henry

            sir.
            Head Qrs [White Plains] Septr 16th 1778

          I transmit you the inclosed Copies of sundry Resolutions of Congress, by their order, and take the liberty to request your Answer to the last of them, on the subjects of passports by the earliest opportunity.
          I was much concerned to hear, that one of my patroles fired on a Flag coming from your lines on Monday Evening. I shall do every thing in my power to prevent the like mistake on any future occasion. With due respect I have the honor to be sir Yr Most Obedt servant

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Major General Nathanael Greene, 16 September 1778
From: Greene, Nathanael
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Boston Sept. 16th 1778

          The growing extravagance of the people and the increasing demand for the Article of forage in this quarter, has become a very alarming affair. Hay is from 60 to 80 Dollars ⅌ tun and upon the rise. Corn is 10 Dollars a bushel and oats 4 and every thing else that will answer for forage in that propo[r]tion. Carting is 9/ ⅌ mile by the tun and People much dissatisfied with the price. I have represented to the State of Rhode Island and Conecticut the absolute necessity of Legislative interposition to settle the prices of things upon some reasonable footing of all such articles and services as are necessary for the use of the Public in my department. I am going to do the same to the Councel of this State. What effect it will have I cannot say; but if

            there is not some thing done to check the extravagance of the People there is no funds in the Universe that will equal the expence.
          The late affray that happene’d in this place between the People of the Town and those of the Fleet, has been found to originate from a parcel of soldiers belonging to the Convention Troops and a party of british Sailors which were engagd on board a Privateer. The secret enemies to our cause and the British officers in the neighbourhood of this place are endeavorg to sow the seeds of discord as much as possible between the Inhabitants of the place and the french belonging to the Fleet. The French officers are well satisfied this is the state of the case, and it fills them with double resentment against the British. The Admiral and all the French officers are now upon an exceeding good footing with the Gentlemen of the Town. General Hancock takes unwearied pains to promote a good understanding with the French officers. His House is full from morning till Night.
          I had a Letter from the Marquis day before yesterday he writes me he is endeavoring to represent every thing in the most favorable colours to the Court of France in order to wipe away the prejudices that the Letters of some of the more indiscreet may make upon that Court. All the French Officers are extravagantly fond of your Excellency, but the Admiral more so than any of the rest. They all speak of you with the highest reverence and respect.
          General Hancock made the Admiral a present of your Picture, he was going to receive it on board the Fleet by the firing a Royal salute. But Generl Hancock thought it might furnish a handle for some of the speculative Politicians to remark the danger of charactors becoming too important. He therefore disswaded the Admiral from carrying the matter into execution.
          I find by your Excellencys Letter to General Sullivan that you expect the Enemy are going to evacuate Newyork; and that its probable they are coming Eastward. I can hardly think they mean to make an attempt upon Boston notwithstanding the object is important & Unless they attack Boston there is no other object worthy their attention in New England. I am rather inclind to think they mean to leave the United States altogether. What they hold here now, they hold at a great risque and expen[c]e But suppose they actually intend to quit the Continent they will indeavor to mislead our attention and that of our Allies until they can get clear of the Coast. The Admiral is fortifying for the security of his fleet, but I am told his batteries are all open in the rear which will be but a poor security against a Land force. General Heath thinks there ought to be some Continental Troops sent here; but the Councel wont turn out the Militia, they are so confident the Enemy are not coming here[.] If your Excellency

            thinks the Enemy really design an attack upon Boston it may not be amiss for you to write your opinion to the Councel board for I suspect they think the General here has taken the alarm without sufficient reasons. The fortifications round this place are very incompleat and little or nothing doing upon them. I have given General Heath my opinion what Posts to take possession off if the enemy should attempt the place before the Continental Army gets up. From 4 to 5000 Troops have arrivd at Hallifax their collective strength will make a formidable Army.
          I wish to know your Excellencys pleasure about my returning to Camp. I expect Mrs Greene will be put to bed every day. She is very desirous of my stay until that event; and as she has set her Heart so much upon it, I could wish to gratify her for fear of some disagreeable consequences as women sometimes under such circumstances receive great injury by being disappointed.
          General Sullivan granted me leave to come here upon the business of my department. I expect to return in a few Days. Major Gibbs is with me and is going to Portsmouth.
          This is the third Letter I have wrote since I have had a line from your Excellency. Should be glad to hear from you when at leisure. I am your Excellency Obd. Sert

            N. Greene


Title: To George Washington from Henry Laurens, 16 September 1778
From: Laurens, Henry
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            [Philadelphia] 16th Septr [1778]

          I had the honor of addressing Your Excellency under the 12th Inst. by Dodd, and have in the mean time receiv’d & presented to Congress Your Excellency’s favors of the 11th and 12th. In answer to the latter, I am directed to intimate, “That Congress highly approve of laying up Magazines of forage and Provisions at such places as Your Excellency shall judge proper for prosecuting an Expedition into Canada in the Winter, if the motions of the Enemy shall render the measure expedient.” And Your Excellency is “desired to make every preperation of Cloathing, Snow Shoes, and other articles for this purpose which you shall deem necessary.” I have the honor to be &c.


Title: To George Washington from Colonel William Malcom, 16 September 1778
From: Malcom, William
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Wt point Sepr 16 1778

          Inclosed are the weekly returns of the Garrison—the Sentence of a General Court Mar: against Capt. Wood—and a Copy of the Act of Assembly of Connecticut, respecting the militia of that State—the last mention’d paper is Sent that Your Excellency may Decide, between the Colonels & me, whether they are to perform three months Actual Service in Camp, or whether a part of that time is Allowed for their march. I am more particular on this Subject because at this Crisis I consider eight or ten days as of importance.
          With respect to Wood, I presume to say that the Sentence is perfectly right, & the public happily delivered from an unprofitable Servant.
          The Artificers employ’d here were on different establishments—a Variety of reasons has induc’d me to turn them over entirely to the Quarter Master Generals Department—I find by experience that they shou’d be Kept in separ[a]te, unconnected Companys, & under that Department—when incorporated they avail themselves of emergencys & make their own terms.
          If your Excellency shoud have Occassion to employ Mr Erskine this way—I coud wish that he was orderd to make a Survey of the Fort & eminences near the advancd redoubts with the elevations. I am with due respect Your Excellencys most obedient and very Humbl. servt

            W. Malcom

          I wish Mr Tilghman woud write a note to Col. Stevens—desiring him to send me the account of arms deliver’d to Eno’s Poors McLellan’s & Mosleys Regts.


Title: From George Washington to Colonel Matthias Ogden, 16 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Ogden, Matthias

          Letter not found: to Col. Matthias Ogden, 16 Sept. 1778. Ogden wrote GW on 28 Sept.: “I was honored with a line from your Excellency dated 16th Inst.”


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General Charles Scott, 16 September 1778
From: Scott, Charles
To: Washington, George

            [Westchester County, N.Y.] 8 oClock [a.m.] 16th Sept. 1778

          Inclosd Your Excellency will receive a note from Majr Tallmadge whith what Intelligences I git from Gists Corps I have again given orders to both advanced Parties to keep up a Constant fier on them If they continue to advance we are in Perfect readiness to Support them. I am Your Excellencys Obt Servt

            Chs Scott


Title: To George Washington from Major General John Sullivan, 16 September 1778
From: Sullivan, John
To: Washington, George

            My Dear General
            Providence Septemr [16]th 1778

          This Day affords nothing new—I have been Honoured with your Excellenceys favor of the 13th Instant—I am well Convinced that the Enemy will Evacuate Newyork both by your Excys Letters and Every other Circumstance; Some persons who have Lately been Releasd from that City Declare that the Enemy are Laying up no forage and are Selling the wood on hand at half price: than which nothing can be better Evidence of an Intended Departure—My opinion is that they have not in Contemplation an Attack upon the Grand Army if they had General Gray with four or five thousd of their best Troops would not be Sent & kept this way to Plunder &ca as to General Clintons Returning it is Easy to be Accounted for he at first Expected to have the Honor of Relieving Rhode Island but being too Late he Returned to take off his army & knowing that no further attempt could be made on Rhode Island without an additional French Fleet, he Left Gray to Ravage the Coast while he brought on the Rest of the Force. Lord Howes Hovering about the East End of Long Island Shows that their Fleet is to be made up there—where they may Either try for Boston & the French Fleet or Evacuate America altogether I rather Incline to think the former Though Reason Should point out to them the Latter. I have made Every preparation in my power to oppose their Designs (but my numbers are Small) I Inclose your Excellencey a List of officers in Colo. Henlys Regt who have Received no Commissions with the Date they Say their Commissions ought to bear Colo. Henly can Satisfy your Excy on this point the officers are Earnest for their Commissions—General Glover Desires me to mention to your Excellencey That he Lost a Horse in the Action of the 29th of August & to know whether he may Expect pay Some other officers are in the Same Situation. I have often heard that This is Customary in the British Army & I find by the orderly Book of General Clinton That after the Battle of monmouth he Called for Returns of Horses killed in Action That they might be paid by the Quarter master which Confirms me in opinion that it is a Settled Rule with them—I am told it is So in all other Armies but dont know Enough of their Regulations to Say it is or is not So Sure I am that nothing can be more Reasonable—I must beg your Excellencey as the Clouds Seem to gather in this Quarter to permit General Green to Remain with me if the affairs of the Grand Army will permit: otherwise I would not wish it though his

            absence would be most Sensibly felt by me—a midshipman of one of the British Frigates which was Burned at Rhode Island Deserted he Commanded the Sailors Battery in the Siege; & was in the Action of the 29th. he Says that their Loss was nearly the Same as Reported & adds that Pigott is in Arrest for misconduct on the 29th in Suffering Some Regts to be cut to pieces without giving them proper Support he Says the 22d 43 & 38 of the British are Ruined. I have heard the Report of Pigots arrest from various other Quarters but can Scarcely credit it as he continues to write me & answer the Letters I Send Respecting prisoners &c. The Deserter was taken master of a Ship from Newbury & (as he Says) forced into their Service he has a wife at Newburey Port.
          In my Letter to Congress of the 31 Instant I forgot to mention the Gallant behaviour of Major Tousard of the marquis De La Fayettes Family; who in taking a Field piece from the Enemy gave the most Striking proofs of his Bravery he Lost his Right Arm in the Attempt & has born his Loss with the most Heroic Fortitude—your Excellencey will please to make Such mention of him to Congress as you Shall think proper. I with pleasure Inform your Excellencey that Such has been the unwearied pains of Doctr Tillotson & his Surgeons that our wounded are in the most promising Situation: from upward of a hundred & Forty wounds many of which were through the Body head &c. not five will in all probability Die many who were Even Shot through the Breast are now walking about & all in a fair way of Recovery. I have the honor to be my Dear General yours most Sincerely

            Jno. Sullivan


Title: To George Washington from Charles Pettit, 17 September 1778
From: Pettit, Charles
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Mrs Reynolds’s 5 Miles south from Bedford [N.Y.]—½ a Milefrom the main Road 17 Sepr 1778—2 o’Clock p.m.

          A few Minutes ago, Mr Worthington Assistt Commissary of Purchases informed me he had just parted from Joseph Hobby of Horse Neck, Capt. Ezekl Hyat & Major Strang who informed him that this Morning, being at Horse Neck, they saw a large Fleet pass towards New York, larger they imagined than the Fleet which some Weeks since went to New Port. Mr Worthington could tell me no farther particulars, but told me the Gentlemen would be along in a few Minutes. I sent to desire they would call on me, but they were gone another Road and could not be found. It is therefore out of my Power to give your Excellency farther Particulars.
          If the Weather permits I propose to move to Fredericksburg Tomorrow. I have the Honr to be with the greatest Respect Your Excellency’s most obedt hume Servt

            Cha. Pettit A.Q.M.G.


Title: To George Washington from Major General John Sullivan, 17 September 1778
From: Sullivan, John
To: Washington, George

            Dear General
            Providence Septemr 17th 1778

          Inclosed is all the Intelligance of this Day The Sloops & Schooners mentioned by General Cornell by the name of the mesqueto Fleet are undoubtedly the Fleet which I mentioned in a former Letter went from Newport & Stood Eastward Hugging the Shore—The other Fleet mentioned by Genl Cornell is Grays—The Ships which Colo. Peabody mentions as Coming into the Harbor are Lord Howes Fleet Joined to the musqueto Squadron—They Sailed again to Join Gray & the whole are passing up the Sound I am at a Loss for their Intentions but Rather Suppose new London is their object. I think my Letter of yesterday

            bears Date the 15th which your Excellencey will please to Rectify. I have the Honor to be with the most profound Respect your Excellenceys most obedt Servt

            Jno. Sullivan


Title: To George Washington from Samuel Fletcher, 18 September 1778
From: Fletcher, Samuel
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Boston 18th Septr 1778.

          I have received your Esteemed favr of 14th Septemr and am quite Obliged pr your desiring General Heath to Afford me all possible Assistance in forwarding the Clothing.
          This Clothing had been arrived here some months before I recd charge of the same, landed in many places & some of the Packages with out any Particular Invoice, had it not been for those Circumstances I should have been able to have lodged them with the Main Army before this & with great Ease.
          I have sent forward to Springfield 330. Bales, 52 Hogsheads & 63 Casks Contents abt 10,000 Blanketts, 7669 pr Shoes abt 8000 suits Uniform & 2000. Shirts which is all the Shirts on hand, Messrs Otis & Andrews have now making up a Vast Quantity of fine Linens with great dispatch in the forwarding of which not a moments time shall be lost.
          I am now forwarding a large Quanty say 350 Hogsheads & Bales of Clothing which was lodged at & I am now receiving from Portsmouth, the Contents of which is 15,000 pr Stockings, 10,000 Suits Uniforms but as I have not the marks & Numbers can only judge by Col. Langdon’s Opinion of the same.
          I could not obtain teams to go wholly through to head Quarters & was obliged to send first to Springfield, where Col. Wm Smith the Qr Master there informs me he can Obtain them.
          your Excellency may be assured that my whole attention is and shall be employed in the duties of my Office.
          I have delivered also to Messrs Otis & Andrews vast Quantities of Woolens, & am perswaded that the Army will be, before Winter, well

            Clothed. As my first business is to forward the Blanketts, Shoes, Shirts & Stocking & the Clothing must have a few Days airing, I hope your Excellency will not want the Uniforms until that is Accomplished. I have the Honor to subscribe myself with great respect your Excely Obedient Servt

            Samuel FletcherAgent to the Honble C. B. War


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General Duportail, 19 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Duportail, Antoine-Jean-Louis Le Bègue de Presle

            Sir
            Fort Clinton West point 19th Septem. 1778.

          I have perused the memorial which you delivered relative to the defence of the North River at this place—and upon a view of them highly approve what you have offered upon the Subject—Col. Kosciousko who was charged by congress with the direction of the forts and batteries—has already made such a progress in the construction of them as wd render any alteration in the general plan a work of too much time—& the favorable testimony which you have given of Col. Kosciouskos abilities prevents uneasiness on this head—but whatever amendments subordinate to the general disposition shall occur as proper to be made, you will be pleased to point out to Col. Kosciousko that the[y] maybe carried into execution.
          The Works proposed on the peninsula not being subject to the abovementioned inconvenience, you will desire Col. Kosciousko to shew you his plan for approbation before he proceeds to the construction or have them traced in the first instance conformably to your own ideas. I am &c.


Title: From George Washington to Vice Admiral d’Estaing, 19 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Estaing, Charles-Hector Théodat, comte d’

            Sir
            Fishkill [N.Y.] 19th Sepr 1778.

          I had the honor of writing to your Excellency on the 11th instant.
          I take the earliest oppertunity of transmitting you the following intelligence, which I have reason to think is authentic—That Lord Howe’s fleet has returned to New York, and that the seamen, which he had taken from the transports to reinforce his Crews, are remanded to their respective Ships.
          The day before yesterday, a considerable fleet of Transports returned from the Eastward to New York. It is presumed they had on board the Reinforcement that was destined for the releif of Newport. since the destruction of Bedford, that force has been employed in collecting Cattle and Sheep upon Martha’s Vineyard and other places in the Sound.
          I have other information, upon which I cannot place so much dependance, that all the Transports in the Harbour of New York are ordered to be got ready, 47000 Tons of which are to be hastened in an extraordinary manner.
          I have repeatedly received accounts that ten Regiments were held ready to embark. My Spies say that they are destined for the West Indies: But this they are obliged to take up from what is given out in New York, which may perhaps be contrary to their real design—purposely to amuse and deceive. One peice of intelligence, if true, strongly evinces an intention to send a Body of Troops to the West Indies. it is—that they are taking the heavy linings out of a number of the soldiers Coats and making up their Waistcoats and Breeches. I shall by every mean endeavour to ascertain the truth of the foregoing, and if confirmed, you may depend that I shall not fail to advise you. It is my wish to give you no intelligence but that which may be perfectly relied on: But as that, from the nature of things, is impossible, I shall always carefully distinguish between that which is certain, and that which admits of a doubt.
          Deserters, from the six ships of Byrons Fleet which arrived at New York some time since, mention the extreme sickliness of the Crews of those Ships. Some of them say that 2000 have been landed upon Staten Island, and are there in Hospital Tents. perhaps this may be an exaggerated account, but from a variety of information, I am inclined to think that an uncommon degree of sickness has prevailed on board them.
          A general embargo has been laid on all Ves<sels in the port of New York. Liberty has been within a few days granted to those, that would

            engage to carry coarse Woolens and Salt to Canada, to sail. I have not heard that any troops are ordered to Canada.
          I am on my way to Fredericksburg, at which place I purpose to establish my Head Quarters, and where I shall be happy to receive> your favors. I have the honor to be with the greatest Respect & Esteem Yr Excellency’s most obt Servant

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Major General Nathanael Greene, 19 September 1778
From: Greene, Nathanael
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Boston Sept. 19th 1778

          Your Excellency’s Letter of the 15th came to hand last Night. I have waited upon General Heath and have got the state of the cloathing department. Mr Fletcher has forwarded for Springfield from this place between 10 & 12000 Blankets 7669 pair of Shoes, 8000 Suits of Uniforms & 2000 Shirts. He is forwarding from Portsmouth about 15,000 Pair of Hose & 11,000 Suits of Uniforms. Messrs Otis & Andrews have 5000 Suits of Uniforms in the Hands of the Taylors. they think they will be compleated in a month at the farthest. General Heath has order’d all the cloths out of Town except about 10 or 12 Days work for the Taylors which may delay the business some.

          I shall send a man from hence to Springfield to see whether the cloathing forwarded from this place has arrivd all safe there and if not to take the necessary steps to get it forward.
          All the cloathing that has been sent on for some Months past has gone under the care of proper conductors. But I have now desir’d General Heath to add a small guard to each brigade of Teams. The cloathing shall be forwarded as fast as it is possible to get Teams: but there being no powers given the quarter Master to impress and the demand for private commerce renders it difficult to procure a full supply. Merchants are giving 12/ a mile ⅌ Ton for transportation.
          It is reported here that General Gates has advanced as far as Danbury on his way for this place. General Heath is greatly alarmd at it. He thinks it will be a most degrading circumstance to him as he has had the command here to be supperceded at the approach of the Enemy. Your Excellencys coming would give him pl[e]asure, but any body else will hurt him exceedingly. I hear General Sullivan declares by all that is sacred that he never will submit to an order of General Gateses. I think General Sullivan is wrong, but I wish he may not be sent if there is any possibillity of avoiding it without involving your Excellency in any new difficulties with General Gates. It is my opinion that none of the Major Generals that took commissions after General Gateses appointment can with any propriety dispute his rank unless they made that reserve condition at the Time of accepting their commisions.
          Was not General Gates by resolve of Congress stationed at the Post of the North River for the security of the high Lands and will not there be a propriety in his remaining there provided the grand Army comes to the Eastward.
          I thought it my duty to mention these matters with regard to Generals Heath & Sullivan that your Excellency might be seasonably advertisd.
          In my last I wrote your Excellency that the Affray that had happend in this Town between the French & the Inhabitants, had not made any bad impressions upon the minds of the former; but I am afraid from several little incidents the French Officers are not altogether satisfied. However they mix with the Inhabitants very freely all except the Count who remains on board the Fleet the much greater part of the Time.
          The great & General Court of this State are now siting here. they have orderd in 3000 Militia to guard the Town of Boston until the Continental Army can come to it’s releif. Should the Enemy think proper to make a dessent here. However I cannot perswade my self they are coming this way. I think their destination must be to the West Indies. There is a report in Town by some of the late arrivals

            that a Spannish fleet with a considerable land force has arrivd in the West Indies. If that should prove true it may serve as a clue to explain the Enemies movements by. I am with the greatest regard your Excellencys most Obedient humble Servant

            Nath. Greene


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier Generals Peter Muhlenberg and William Woodford and Colonel James Wood, 19 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Muhlenberg, Peter,Woodford, William,Wood, James

            Sir,
            West Point 19th Sept. 1778

          I have herewith troubled you with a Warrant for the purpose of reinlisting the Virginia Troops in your Brigade, and when you send

            it to the Paymaster Genl if you will direct the Officer who may carry it to call at Head Quarters, I will transmit you the necessary instructions or if an earlier opportunity offers I will do it then. I am Sir Yr Mo. Obet Servt

            Go: Washington

          p.s. Do not delay a moment in sending for the Money—& let me beseech you to use every possible exertion to facilitate the Recruiting of your Men Endorse the Warr[ant]—that the Offr who goes for the Money may be empowerd to receive it.

            Go: W——n


Title: To George Washington from Otis & Andrews, 19 September 1778
From: Otis & Andrews
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Boston 19th Sepr 1778

          We have this morning received Your Excellency’s Letter of the 14th Instant; The Cloth order’d to be made up, by the Hon’ble Board of War, has lately been order’d out of Town by General Heath, & is accordingly gone & going out, except such quantities as were necessary to keep the Taylors at work, which we requested the General’s permission to retain; There will be some unavoidable delays on this account, but your Excellency may be assured that We are doing, & shall continue to do, every thing in our power to get the Cloathing to the Army in season. In consequence of your direction, We have Stopt the Taylors from making more breeches, & shall get Overalls made instead of them—And it will be our highest pleasure to gain your Excellency’s approbation of the Cloathing when made, which We shall endeavor to merit, by a strict attention to the directions from the Board of War, & those You have honored us with. Threads are exceedingly scarce, If any can be obtaind more than are wanted for

            making the Cloathing here, We shall obey your Excellency’s orders in sending on a quantity to the Deputy Clothier General attending the Army. When the Officer from General Knox appears We shall furnish the Articles wanted with all possible dispatch. and are with the greatest respect Your Excellency’s most obedt & very hbl. servants

            Otis & Andrews.

          p.s. We beg leave to observe, as Your Excellency has mentioned to General Heath a neglect in the Transportation of Cloathing heretofore—That since our appointment, in Novr last, None has been sent on by us, without Sworn Conductors, who have had under their care a certain number of Waggons, & stood engaged to bring us a Certificate from the Dy Q.M.G. or the D.C.G. at Fish kill of their delivery there, and we have ever consider’d ourselves as in charge of the Cloathing, ’till such Certificates were obtained, as they are the only Vouchers for our issues, in that line.


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General Casimir Pulaski, 19 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Pulaski, Casimir

            sir
            West point Septr 19th 1778

          I have been favoured with your Letter of the 15 Inst. by Monsr Segond. I think it will be proper for you to join the Army with your Corps, as there yet remain more than Two months in which the Enemy may operate in the Field; However, you are not to proceed with it till you receive orders from Congress or the Board of War for the purpose. If Congress or the Board of War direct you to join the Army you will proceed to Fredericksburg on the East side of the North River, in the state of New York. I am sir with great esteem & regard Yr Most Obedt servt

            Go: Washington

          p.s. If you are directed by Congress to proceed to the Army, and you hear as you pass through Jersey that the Enemy have landed in that State you will give General Maxwell every assistance you can with your Corps.


Title: From George Washington to Major General John Sullivan, 19 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Sullivan, John

            Dear sir
            West point 19th Sepr 1778

          I had the pleasure of your letter of the 15 Inst. last night and another of the 14 the day before.

          By a resolve of Congress lately passed all horses killed in action are to be paid for by the Quarter Master General on the oath of the party, a sum not exceeding 500 Dollars.
          We have pretty authentic intelligence of Lord Howes return with his squadron to New york—and a large fleet of transports came down the Sound the 16th Inst., which is supposed to be General Gray returning.
          Nothing has been done as yet decisive by the Committee of arrangement with respect to Lee, Henley & Jacksons Regiments but I believe it is the design of the Committee to throw them into one. It is not therefore of immediate necessity to fill up the Commissions till the matter is finally settled.
          The army is in motion to Fredericksburg and its neighbourhood—We shall there be in a more favourable position to give you assistance should the war take an Eastern direction or to take care of ourselves should the enemy meditate an attempt on the main army—or the defences on the North river.
          You will be pleased to give the Counts letters the speediest conveyance. I am &c.


Title: To George Washington from Major General John Sullivan, 19 September 1778
From: Sullivan, John
To: Washington, George

            Dear General
            Providence Septemr 19th 1778

          There is nothing new in this Quarter Save that the Enemy have within two or three Days past pulled Down Several Houses on the North End of Rhode Island for what purpose is not known I Inclose your Excellencey a providence paper which Contains all the news in this Quarter I have the Honor to be Dear General your Excellenceys Most obedt Humble Servt

            Jno. Sullivan


Title: To George Washington from Colonel George Baylor, 20 September 1778
From: Baylor, George
To: Washington, George

            Dr Sir
            Hackingsack [N.J.] Septr 20th 1778

          Enclosd is the return of the Rigiment agreeable to the directions given me, by Colo. Banister.
          An officer will set out tomorrow for Boston, for the purpose of procuring c[l]oathing, I should of sent him off on my arrival here, but have waited for the making of a coat, which is to be the fashion of the Regiment.
          I neglected to mention to you when I was in your company, that Lieut. John Baylor who is under arrest, had joind the Regement agreeable to your orders.
          We have just receivd intelegence from good authority, that the British commissioners have been siting for six days past, and that ten thousand men were to embarke on wednesday next. their destination is only conjecture by the Inhabitants of the City. I am Sir with the greatest respect your most obt & very Humble Servant

            George Baylor


Title: From George Washington to Vice Admiral d’Estaing, 20 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Estaing, Charles-Hector Théodat, comte d’

            Sir.
            20th September 1778.

          I had the honor of writing to Your Excellency yesterday from Fort Clinton—since which I have received intelligence by a New York paper that Admiral Byron in the princess Royal of ninety guns—accompanied by the Culloden Capt. Balfour of seventy four, arrived at New York on the 16th instant. the same paper mentions that an armed Sloop from Hallifax announces the arrival of the following Regiments there—vizt the Seventieth—The Duke of Hamiltons, said to consist of one thousand men—and the Duke of Argyles highlanders said to amount to eleven hundred.
          The Arrival of Admiral Byron is confirmed by intelligence which I have received thro’ another Channel—that of the three Regiments may want confirmation—the common practice of exaggerating numbers, at least gives us room to doubt the strength of the Corps.
          Your Excellencys Letter by Colonel Fleury was detained by the laudable motives, which Your Excellency foresaw—and did not reach me ’till a day or two ago. I have the honor to be with every Sentiment of Respect Your Excellencys most obedt and most humble Servt

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Maxwell, 20 September 1778
From: Maxwell, William
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Elizth Town [N.J.] 20th Sepr 1778—9 p.m.

          I was Honoured with Your Excellencys Favour of the 19th Inst. about noon to day, it accompany one to Coll Ogden[,] Barber & some others as Coll Ogden is gone to Philada to day on some private Bussiness I opened his letter, but as I did not know what he wrote to Your Excellency last I can return nothing on that subject. I suppose he thought by this time to have much to send you and so did I, but I am something disapointed.
          I have had people out of York that I think would give me every intiligence in their power but there is nothing scarcely to gather. They

            are fiting up the Men of War & Watter and wooding the Transports. and possably puting some Artillery on Board A Gentleman saw a bout 20 Load of Baggag coming from Kings Bridge to go on board. They have held a Council of War for three days Byron is come to New York has taken the Command of the Navy Lord How is going home Gambier will stay about New York Byron says his orders is to take care of the French Fleet some says he is gone to Rhode Island for that purpose Some says that the reinforcement that went to Rhode Island is returned to Long Island again. one report says they are going to Garrison Hallifax Cannada & the West Indias, and the rest go home.
          Others say they are going to make a nother stroke at Charles Town. a Packet is hourley expected. Major Howel Informs me that he has intiligence that a Fleet of ten Sail went out of the Hook last tuesday night, supposed to be mostly Victualers for Queback, I rather suppose they were for Rhode Island. my information from New York says that some Vessels went out then. The Bacons are already fixed, should the Enemy come out this way, we will make the roads as troublesom as possable to them. Coll Barber is gone to see some of his friends as he became able to ride but I know not where. I am Your Excellencys Most Obedt Humble Servant

            Wm Maxwell