Title: From George Washington to Major General Philip Schuyler, 9 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Schuyler, Philip

Dear Sir
Head Quarters Morris Town Feby 9. 1777.

I have now before me Your several Favors of the 25th & 30th Ulto & that of the first instant For which I return You my Thanks.
Colo. Pelliser’s plan returned by Congress, I have read & transmit It to You. It seems to be designed on a large & an Extensive Scale. I cannot determine upon the Propriety of It, being not sufficiently acquainted with the Parts for which it is calculated & therefore shall leave It to You and Your Officers, to have such Works & Improvements made as may be thought necessary and which can be compleated.
I have given Orders for Brigr James Clinton to repair to You & receive Your Commands, if his Services can be dispensed with from the Posts in the Highlands. he is the Only Genl Officer that can be spared, if any can, under the present Circumstances of our Affairs. I have

wrote to Congress & urged them in the most pressing Terms to increase their Number. The Matter I hope, will have their early Attention, and You may be assured, as soon as It is in my Power, I shall send some to the Northern Department.
As to purchasing Horses for the Regiments of Cavalry voted by Congress, I would not wish to give You any Trouble on that Head, unless they could be properly equipped with Bridles, Saddles, Holsters, Pistols, Swords & Carbines. These Accoutrements & Furniture we find amazingly difficult to procure. Much more so than Horses, & without them, buying Horses would be to incur a heavy Expence, without promoting the Views of Congress or the Public Interest.
You shall always be informed of every Material Occurrence in this Quarter, as soon as Opportunity & Circumstances will permit. Of late Nothing important has happened, but what You will have heard of. The Report of Fort Independance being taken was premature, as You will have been advised before this. I should have been happy to have confirmed It. The Enemy are still at Brunswick—Our Force at the several Neighbouring Posts to prevent their foraging and obtaining Supplies of Provision as far as possible—To Effect which they have made some Attempts but without much Success.
I should hope General Carlton will not attempt to pass the Lakes before we can get a sufficient Force to oppose him. The Enterprize I think will be dangerous & Attended with many Difficulties; However as the Defence & security of our Posts in that Quarter is an Object of the first Importance, I have wrote in the most urgent Manner to the States of Massachusetts Bay & New Hampshire to forward on their Regiments with all possible Expedition, desiring that they may not wait, till they are compleat, but that suitable Officers may be left to recruit for the Deficiencies. As to forming the Northern Army of a mixture of Troops, I think It cannot be done under the peculiar Situation of our Affairs. The Posts on the Lakes, are much more convenient to the Eastern Forces, than to any Other, & they can be there sooner than to Other Places, where the Aid of the rest is indispensably necessary & loudly called for. Another Objection to the Measure is, that Prejudices and Jealousies have prevailed where those of different States have acted together Notwithstanding every possible Exertion on my Part to get them to harmonize, consider themselves as the same People, engaged in the same noble Struggle, and having one Common & General Interest to defend, to bury and lay aside all Attachments and Distinctions of a Local & provincial Nature. These I think are not likely to be entirely done away, especially if General Officers should be appointed by Congress from Each State for their respective Troops. Indeed as these Difficulties have not been reconcileable heretofore,

I hope their acting seperately will produce a laudable Spirit of Emulation to excell & raise the Reputation of their respective States, tending in the End to advance the Interest and Weal of the whole.
I have [wrote] to Brigadier General Knox upon the Subject of an Artillerist & send You an Officer whom he Esteems Good. I could not order up Major Lamb or any other particular Officer, least I should break in upon the General Arrangement which comes more immediately under his Direction. I am Dear Sir, with sentiments of Great Esteem & Regard, Yr Most Obedt Servt

Go: Washington.


Title: From George Washington to Jonathan Trumbull, Sr., 9 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Trumbull, Jonathan Sr.

Sir
Head Quarters Morris Town 9th Feby 1777

You will receive herewith sixty thousand Dollars for the use of the recruiting Service in Your State, which I desire you will distribute among the Officers in proportion to their wants.
I desire you will not appropriate any part of this money to the reimbursement of the sum advanced to Colo. Sheldon, as I every day expect an order from Congress, which will enable me to give you a draught for the whole Sum, upon the Loan Office. I have the Honor to be with great Respect Sir Your most obedient Servant

G. Washington


Title: From George Washington to Nicholas Cooke, 10 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Cooke, Nicholas

Sir
Head Qrs Morristown February 10th 1777.

The deplorable and melancholy situation, to which One of our Armies was reduced last Campaign by the Small pox & the certainty, that no precautions can prevent that disorder from infecting the Troops that act in the middle States, many being now infected with it, has

determined me by the advice of my Genl Officers here to introduce innoculation immediately as the only means of preventing this Calamity, amongst the greatest that can befall an Army, when they take it in the natural way—I have wrote to Brigr General Parsons, now in Connecticut, to assemble the Regiments raising in that State and to have them innoculated without loss of time; I have also mentioned that those from Rhode Island would come on and take the infection & claim his attention.
As this measure I make no doubt will appear expedient to you & to promise many salutary consequences, I wish your good Offices in forwarding on your Regiments to Genl Parsons for this purpose. This advantage will result from their being innoculated there, in preference to Rhode Island, they will be nearer the Scene of Action and may with more ease and expedition give their aid in cases of emergency; But if it cannot be done there, I should hope, it will not be delayed a moment in the State of Rhode Island. There being the most pressing call for the Massachusetts and New Hampshire Troops in the Northern department, and being ordered there, they cannot goe through the process before they march; When they arrive there, I suppose the measure will be adopted. I need not mention the necessity of as much secresy as the nature of the Subject will admit of, it being beyond doubt, that the Enemy will avail themselves of the event as far as they can. If common success attends the measure, I trust we shall have much to hope from it and nothing to fear. I have the Honor to be with great respect Sir Yr Most Obedt Sert

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Brig. Gen. Philemon Dickinson, 10 February 1777 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Dickinson, Philemon

Letter not found: to Brig. Gen. Philemon Dickinson, 10 Feb. 1777. GW’s aidede-camp Robert Hanson Harrison wrote a docket on the cover of Dickinson’s letter to GW of 9 Feb. that reads in part “Ansd 10th.”


Title: From George Washington to Col. Thomas Elliott, 10 February 1777 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Elliott, Thomas

Letter not found: to Col. Thomas Elliott, c.10 Feb. 1777. Elliott writes to GW on 22 Mar. that “your Letter . . . came to hand abt the tenth of Febry at which time . . . I then wrote you.”


Title: To George Washington from William Livingston, 10 February 1777
From: Livingston, William
To: Washington, George

Sir
Haddonfield [N.J.] 10 February 1777

Your Favour of the 3d Instant, I received this Day, and am greatly obliged to you for the Intelligence it contains. We are exceedingly anxtious in this solitary Retirement to hear from head Quarters as often

as possible: And any Accounts of the spirited behaviour of our Troops, affect us with unspeakable Pleasure—What Pity it is that any of our Officers should be so unacquainted with themselves as in the Day of Trial to reflect Dishonour on their Country; & furnish the Enemies of it, with occasion to triumph. But as lucrative and self-interested Motives have ever sway’d the Majority of Mankind, it would be more than our Proportion to have every Individual in our Service, actuated by the pure Principles of Patriotism—With respect to a certain Expedition, I confess, tho’ greatly chagrin’d, I am not disappointed; as I never entertained any Expectations of it, after I heard under whose immediate Direction it was to be conducted.
I am happy to find that our militia in these parts are lately turning out in great Numbers; & I hope they will before long retrieve the Honour they have lost by their late Backwardness; tho’ that in reality is rather to be imputed to their officers than themselves. We are exceedingly ill provided with Arms, in which our State has been but too deficient, tho’ I have often urged our Assembly to make provision for importing them without depending for so essential an Article, on any of their Neighbours.
I take the Liberty to inclose your Excellency the Representation of a joint meeting of the Council and Assembly of this State respecting the Rank of the Officers of the four Battalions raising in this State for the Service of the united States; and shall be obliged to your Excellency for your Answer on the Subject as soon as your Leisure will permit. I am Dr Sir with great Respect your most obedient & humble Servt

Wil: Livingston

P.S. As I transmitted my Letter of the 6th Instant by a private Conveyance; lest it should miscarry, I take the Liberty of troubling your Excellency with a Copy.


Title: From George Washington to the New York Convention, 10 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: New York Convention

⟨Gentlemen,
Head Quarters Morris Town 10th Feby 1777.

After every attempt to stop the progress of the small Pox, I found, that it gained such head among the Southern Troops, that there was no possible way of saving the lives of most of those who had not had it, but by introducing innoculation⟩ generally. The physici⟨ans are now making the proper prepara⟩tions to innoculate all ⟨at the several posts in this quarter and⟩ Docr Shippen will innoculate ⟨all the Recruits that have not had⟩ the disorder, as fast as they come ⟨into Philada. They will lose no⟩ time by this operation, as they will ⟨go thro’, while their Cloathing⟩ Arms and Accoutrements are preparing.
That the Army may be kept ⟨as clean as possible⟩ of this terrible disorder, I have recomm⟨ended it to every State,⟩ which is to send Troops to the Army in ⟨this department,⟩ immediately to begin upon the innoculat⟨ion of their Recruits,⟩ and to continue till they have gone th⟨ro’ the whole. By⟩ these Means, very few will be down at ⟨a Time, & of those⟩ many will be fit for duty (should the ⟨occasion be pressing) the⟩ whole time.
I think your Hospital, for ⟨this purpose, should⟩ be at or in the Neighbourhood of ⟨Peeks Kill, because if the⟩ Enemy should hear that many of ⟨our men were down, and⟩ should make an Attempt to fa⟨ll upon us at that Time, many⟩ of the patients would, ⟨as I said Before, be as able to give opposition, as if they were intirely well.
We intend for the present to keep the Matter as much a Secret as possible, and I would Advise you to do the same. After the first and Second division of Patients, (who should be innoculated at an interval of five or six days) have gone thro’ the thing will become extremely

light, and of little Consequence, whether it is known or not. I have the honor to be with⟩ great respect Gentlemen Your very humble S⟨ervt⟩

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from the Pennsylvania Council of Safety, 10 February 1777
From: Pennsylvania Council of Safety
To: Washington, George

Sir,
In Council of Safety, [Philadelphia, 10 February 1777]

Application has been made to us by James Smith Esqr. of Westmoreland, a Gentleman well acquainted with the Indian Customs, and their manners of carrying on war, for leave to raise a Battalion of marksmen expert in the use of Rifles, acquainted with the Indian method of fighting, to be dressed intirely in their fashion, for the purpose of annoying and harrassing the Enemy in their marches and encampments. We think 2 or 300 Men in that way might be verry useful. Should your Excellency be of the same Opinion and direct such a Corps to be formed, we will take proper measures for raising the men on the frontiers of this State, and follow such other directions as your Excellency shall give in this Matter.


Title: From George Washington to Colonel Henry Sherburne, 10 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Sherburne, Henry

Sir
Head Qrs Morristown February 10th 1777.

I yesterday evening received your Letter of the 4th Instt and in Answer thereto, inform you that I have not the least objection to your appointing Major Meigs your Lieutt Colo. in the room of Mr Oswald, his character as a Soldier and an Officer being good and such as deserves notice; However, previous to this measure, I wish you to consider the prospect you have of raising your Regiment, for though it is my desire to promote Men of merit to Office and to rank, yet a regard to the publick interest will not authorize their promotions without they can be of service afterwards, and multiplying the number of Officers without Regiments, will not be answering the end proposed, by adding to our strength, but will be incurring a heavy and large expence. I regret much the policy of the New England [States] which has given rise to so many difficulties which I fear will be severely felt. I cannot

give directions for an Extra bounty, that would be approving a measure which I have always condemned, and which so far from being justifiable, has been reprobated by Congress as impolitick & injurious to the publick cause. If the Gentlemen appointed in those Governments to a part of the Sixteen additional Batallions cannot make up their Corps, the truth of these observations will be verified, and happy will it be, if the measure should not extend its baneful influence elsewhere. I am Sir Yr Most Obedt Servt

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Jonathan Trumbull, Sr., 10 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Trumbull, Jonathan Sr.

Sir
Head Quarters Morris Town 10th Feby 1777

The impossibility of keeping the Small Pox from spreading through the Army in the natural way, has determined us, upon the most mature deliberation, to innoculate all the new Troops that have not had this disorder—I have wrote to General Parsons to fix upon some proper place, and to superintend the innoculation of the Troops of your State, taking it for granted, that you would have no objection to so salutary a measure, upon which depends not only the lives of all the men who have not had the small pox, but also the health of the whole Army, which would otherwise soon become a Hospital of the most loathsome kind—Proper steps are taking to innoculate the Troops already here, and all the Southern Levies will undergo the operation as they pass Philadelphia.
I have wrote to the States of New York and Rhode Island to have their Troops also innoculated, and I hope our Army will, by these precautions, be entirely free of that terrible disorder the ensuing Campaign—As the Troops from Massachusetts and New Hampshire are ordered immediately up to Ticonderoga, they can (as was the case last year) be innoculated there. I am with the greatest Esteem and Respect Sir Your most obedt Servant

Go: Washington


Title: General Orders, 11 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To:

Head-Quarters, Morristown, Feby 11th 1777.
Dorchester.Durham.

The exceeding difficulty there is in procuring Spiritous Liquor, with the exorbitant prices now asked for that Article, renders it absolutely necessary to stop serving it out to the troops in a general way, ’till supplies can be laid in upon more easy and better terms: The Commissary General is therefore directed to issue none, except it be to fatigue parties, scouting parties, or to such troops as are necessarily employed in any extraordinary piece of duty, ’till further orders.
The Court Martial whereof Genl St Clair was President is dissolved.
A General Court Martial to sit to morrow, 10 o’Clock, at Morristown; the members of the Court are desired to be punctual as to the time of meeting, that no delay may attend the business for which they are summon’d.


Title: From George Washington to John Hancock, 11 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Hancock, John

Sir
Head Quarters Morris town 11th Feby 1777

I was yesterday waited upon by two French Gentlemen Monss. Romand de Lisle and Robillard. The first produced a Commission signed by you in Novemr last appointing him a Major of Artillery, but by the inclosed Letter from him to me, he claims much higher Rank, under the promise of Congress, that of Commandant of the Continental Artillery. Whether any such promise was made, I leave you to determine.
Robillard claims a Captaincy of Artillery, but upon what he grounds his pretensions I do not know, I never saw him but once before, and that was upon his way from Boston to Philada.
You cannot conceive what a weight these kind of people are upon the Service, and upon me in particular, few of them have any knowledge of the Branches which they profess to understand, and those that have, are intirely useless as Officers from their ignorance of the English Language. I wish it were possible to make them understand when Commissions are granted to them, that they are to make themselves Masters of the english Language in some degree, before they can be attached to any particular Corps. I am Sir with the greatest Respect Yr very hble Servt

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to William Livingston, 11 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Livingston, William

Sir,
Head quarters. Morris Town. Febry 11th 1777

I have with pain heard of the irreconcileable Uneasinesses prevailing in the 1st N. Jersey Battalion, originating, as I am credibly informed, in the appointment of Colo. Newcomb to the Command of it.
Notwithstanding I believe that Colo. Newcomb is a Gentleman of great Goodness and Integrity, and can not entertain the slightest doubts of his Bravery, yet I am too well persuaded that he is not equal

to such a Command. Many qualities, independent of personal Courage, are requisite to form the good Officer. Among these, Activity claims a first rank; indeed it is indispensably necessary—Of this, I fear, he does not possess a sufficient Share. Moreover the inferior Officers of every Regiment should have the strictest Confidence in their Colonel—The smallest Jarrings in any Corps are considerably prejudicial to its Honour and the Service.
For these reasons, and these only, I have taken the Liberty (under the Authority of the inclosed Resolve of Congress) to displace Colo. Newcomb, and of appointing Colo. Mathias Ogden to the command of the said Regiment. He has answered my Expectation by exerting himself in recruiting the Regimt, and from every thing I can learn will continue to deserve well of his Country.
I would not take the Liberty of intruding upon your more important business now, were it not necessary to give You this Information, least Inconveniences might result from your belief that Colo. Newcomb continues to fill the Post which You have assigned to him. Colo. Ogden has likewise my Commands to fill up the several Vacancies that have happened in the Regimt; subject however to my Approbation or Dissent. These Officers are now recruiting. I have the Honour to be, with the greatest Respect and Esteem, Yr most Obedient Humble Servant

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to the Massachusetts General Court, 11 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Massachusetts General Court

Gentn
Head Qrs Morristown Feby 11th 1777.

Certain that the British Court would leave nothing unessayed in the course of this Campaign, to establish her unwarrantable claims over the United States and to deprive them of their rights, the Congress were induced upon reconsidering their first vote of Levies, to compose the Army, to determine that 16 Battallions more should be raised in addition to those they had resolved on before; And as the exigency of our Affairs would not suffer the least delay in the work, they were pleased to honor me with the appointment of the Officers to those

Battalions; supposing that it would be sooner compleated than if made according to the mode observed for appointing those of the 88 voted in Septr In their proceedings for raising these several additional Corps the States to furnish them were not particularized, or determinate Quotas assigned them as had been done in the instance of the Eighty eight. Besides these, they have determined that 4 Regiments of Artillery 3,000 Light Dragoons, & Hazen’s Regiment to be composed of 4 Battallions should be levied. Under these circumstances, I thought equality, as far as the peculiar situation of our Affairs would admit of, the best Line to be pursued for making them up especially as Congress had observed it in their first Vote; and in pursuance of its purpose I have apportioned them in the best manner I could; commissioning Officers to raise One Regiment of Artilly and three of Infantry in your State, as not being an over Quota.
This mode of proceeding I trust will meet with General approbation and as the Several additional Regiments are for the service of the States at large, those allotted to be raised in each have an equal claim to their attention with the rest of the Battalions to furnish exacted from ’em. impressed with this Idea and that our Affairs call for every exertion at this time to give them a prospect of Success, I beg leave to sollicit the good Offices of your Honble [Body] to promote and expedite as much as possible the raising of these Four B⟨attalions mutilated⟩ assistance & count ⟨mutilated⟩ and industry of ⟨mutilated⟩ they will in the ca⟨mutilated⟩ will be ab⟨mutilated⟩ I must request your ⟨mutilated⟩ that of the Artillery ⟨mutilated⟩ of this Corps is such th⟨mutilated⟩ dispensed with. From en⟨mutilated⟩ know, that the Enemy nev⟨mutilated⟩ a heavy Train, and if we ⟨mutilated⟩ properly formed for the Artil⟨lery mutilated⟩ opposition or resistance that we ⟨mutilated⟩ to make will be effectual or atten⟨ded mutilated⟩ success. I have been induced to mentio⟨n these⟩ Corps as an Object of your first care, and let me add that the only Men who have served and had an Opportunity of acquiring skill in this important branch of War, during the present contest, are now with you.
From Your favors in every instance of requisition and readiness to promote the public good, I am satisfied I have no need to apologize for the freedom I have taken, and assured of your attention to the matters submitted to your consideration. I have the Honor &c.


Title: To George Washington from the Massachusetts Council, 11 February 1777
From: Massachusetts Council
To:

Sir
Council Chamber Boston Feby 11th 1777

The Assembly have received your Favor of the 24th of January last, We are fully sensible of the indispensible necessity of immediately levying and Equipping the number of Battalions alloted to this State—The reasons you Urge for their being sent forward with the utmost Expedition are forcible—and you may depend that we shall Exert ourselves to the Utmost to accomplish this necessary Business, and accordingly send forward the Troops as fast as they are raised. The Court have taken the necessary measures for procuring such things as they may need for their Use & Convenience while in the Field, such as spare Shoes, Stockings and Shirts—but as to Fire Arms we are totally at a loss how to supply them—You must be sensible that while the Army was in these parts how large a quantity of Arms they were furnished with by this State: in short we spared so great a number that our Militia are greatly wanting in that article, and we know not where to get a supply without your Assistance; as the Continental Agent, we are informed, received from on board a Prize called the Mellish, And from the Hancock & Adams, Two & Twenty hundred Arms, Eighteen hundred and Fifty of which were lent by the Agent to the Governor of Rhode Island at the time of the Enemy’s landing there, to be returned when called for; so that about Three hundred & Fifty remain with the Agent. We request your Excellency would give Orders that they together with those at Rhode Island, if not in immediate Service, should be delivered out to such Men as first Inlist into the Service and cannot otherways supply themselves. The Men can be of no Use without them, and their being supplied in this way will greatly quicken & facilitate their March; perhaps your Excellency may have a considerable Number of Spare Arms in the Continental Stores in the States of Connecticutt New York and the Jersey’s—We have been informed by the Colonels of some of the Regiments, that their Men when they left the Camp were Ordered to leave their Arms behind them, in such case the New raised levies may be supplied upon their arrival there. Colo. Lee we are informed has an Order from your Excellency upon the Continental Agent here for Three hundred Arms for the supply of the Regiment he is to raise. it is not probable he will be able to make any great progress in inlisting Men here until the Fifteen Battalions allotted to this State are compleated. he will not therefore have Occasion for those Arms very soon. would it not then be adviseable these Arms should be delivered to such Men as may be first inlisted in this State and who cannot supply themselves, and in Short cannot March without them—If your Excellency should be of this Opinion you will give directions accordingly.

We have been repeatedly & pressingly called upon by Congress & General Schuyler to send forward to Ticonderoga such Men as have Inlisted into the Continental Army—Four Battalions are accordingly under Marching Orders, and some of the Companies have already Marched, and the rest will be sent forward as soon as they are inlisted & Equipped. General Spencer has applied also for One Thousand of the Continental Troops to March to the State of Rhode Island, as he stands in immediate need of them, they will be sent forward Accordingly. The other Battalions, excepting such as Congress or your Excellency may allot for the defence of this State, with all possible expedition as fast as they are compleated will be forwarded to the Army near New York—The Court have done every thing in their power to expedite this Business—but as we Observed before we have no Fire Arms. The Paymaster has not money to Pay the Soldiers either the Twenty Dollar Bounty, their Subsistance Money, or the money allowed by Congress in lieu of their rations while on their March, and we are Obliged in the present exhausted State of our Treasury to pay it to the Men, although we are already in advance for the Continent above Eight hundred Thousand Dollars. however we shall endeavour to press thro’ all difficulties in order to raise our Quota of an Army, the Establishment of which is of such great importance to the Continent.
In the Name & by Order of the Council I am with great Esteem Your Excellencys Most Obedi[e]nt Humble Servant

James Bowdoin Presidt


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. John Sullivan, 11 February 1777 [letter not found]
From: Sullivan, John
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Gen. John Sullivan, 11 Feb. 1777. On 12 Feb. GW sent Sullivan an “Answer to your favour of Yesterday.”


Title: From George Washington to Jonathan Trumbull, Sr., 11 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Trumbull, Jonathan Sr.

Sir
Head Quarters Morris Town 11th Feby 1777

I did my self the pleasure to write you yesterday, and informed you that I had sent you Sixty Thousand Dollars for the recruiting service in your State—After I had sent the money off, I received a letter from Genl Knox, advising me that he was under the most pressing necessity for twenty thousand Dollars for the use of the Ordnance Department, but that he could not get that Sum in the State of Massachusetts—I must therefore desire that you will reserve that Sum for General Knox, for which he will either draw or send—I am furnished with the following resolve of Congress of the 29th January—“That the Treasurer of the United States be directed to give order for the payment of thirty three thousand three hundred and thirty three and one third Dollars to the State of Connecticut out of the Continental Loan-Office in that State, in payment of that sum advanced by Govr Trumbull to Colo. Sheldon, at the request of General Washington, for raising and equipping a Regiment of Light Horse the sd State to be accountable, and that the President acquaint General Washington with this Resolution.” I have the Honor to be with great Esteem & Regard your most obedient humble Servant

Go. Washington


Title: To George Washington from Colonel William Crawford, 12 February 1777
From: Crawford, William
To: Washington, George

Sir
Fredrick town Mary land Feby 12th 1777

I am sory to brek in uppon your Hours that Aught to reast you from the many feteagues you have to under go in that important task you have under taken in Defence of our Libertys.
But nedsesetys Obliges me under my Present Defiquiltys.
I Should have bin with you sir before now but for the following reasons viz.
The Great probebility of an Endien War for many Evident reasons Given by the Endien through the Course of Last Sumer.
The[y] have Killd many of our people on the frontiers, and since the Last Treety at Fort pit one thing of Consequince, from a Pition of the People at Contockey to the Esembly of Virga 450 lbs of Powder was to be Sent them, Which was put into the Charge of som men to be taken there, and on they way the men went A shore below the mouth of Scothey and was fired on and five out of Seven Killd, 2 maid there Escap to the mouth of Kanhaway, all the Amonition fell into there

hands many Reasons we have to Expect A war this spring, Cheef the Lower Setlements of the Ohio has Moved of and Should both the Regement now be moved away it will Greatly Distress the people, as the Last Raised by my self was Expected to be a Guard for them if there was an Endien war And by the Governer of Virga I was Opinted to Comand that Regement at the Requist of the people.
The Conditions was they was inlisted during the War, and if an Endien war was this spring, to be Continued there as there intrust was in the Spot, and if no war with the Endiens on that Quarter, to go Whare ever calld, on this Conditions many Cheerfully Enterd, The Regement I beleve by this time is nearly maid up, as 500 and od was maid up before I cam a way, and the Officers recruting very fast, but Should they be Ordred away before the[y] get Blankets and Other nessesarys I do not [k]now how they are to be moved and the inhabitants will be in Great fear under the Present Cercumstance, and the many men Alredy taken from that place if that regement Should march a way, will Leave few or no men to defend them, nor Arms as Cheef of the first men was Armd out of that place which has left them very Bear of Arms, But Let me be Ordred any whare I will go if I Posable.
I sopose by this time you may have herd of all my Misfortuns The loss of Hugh Stephensons and Val Crawford [w]ho Died the 7th of Last Month at Bulskin without any will which is very hard on me, as his Afairs and mine are so Blend together that no man can Setle them but my self, and should I be Cut of before they are Setled will ruin his Children and mine.
If I can have som Litle time to Administor and setle the Estate, I can then Opiont a man to Acct for me, and then I am ready to Obay your Comands By the Death of Val Crawford the hole manegement of Colo. Hughs Estate falls on me, as he was the only one that Administered on his Estate, and now Lys on me, and no thing done yeat in Either Estate, and both going to wast.
I am now going to the Congress to see how my Regement is to be Armd and to get nessesarys, and Expect to return Emedetly Over the mountain, Should you have any orders there, you may write by Snick⟨ers’⟩ Express [w]ho is to See me, Any thing I can do you may Comand me Excuse haast as the Expess is now waiting.
May you ever be fourtenute is Dayly wish and prayer [of] your most Humle and Obedent Servt

W. Crawford


Title: From George Washington to Major General Horatio Gates, 12 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Gates, Horatio

Dear Sir
Head Qrs Morristown Feby 12: 1777

This will be delivered you by the Officers who came with Colo. Hawsecker and under whose care he returns again. His arrival here was what I did not expect, as I had no particular, specific charge against him, nor has any thing more been alleged than General suspicions. All I meant or wished to be done respecting him, was that you should by inquiry trace if you could the causes of complaint and obtain some certain information of the Facts imputed to him. To this end I thought it proper that his conduct after his return home, should be marked with some degree of vigilance & cautious attention by our Friends in his Neighbourhood, but in such away as not to afford him room for suspicion. This I would wish to be done yet, but as to retaining him in arrest or under guard without some certain and positive accusation & witnesses to support it, It cannot be done; indeed his remaining here would put it much in his power to escape to the Enemy or to transmit them Intelligence of an injurious nature should he be so disposed. I am Dr Sir Yr Most Hbl. Set

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from the Citizens of Hanover, Pennsylvania, 12 February 1777
From: Citizens of Hanover, Pennsylvania
To: Washington, George

Hanover, Pa., 12 February 1777. Request that no Continental soldiers be inoculated in their town “as Comparitively Verry fiew in Our Town has had that infectious Disorder and For the reasons as Follows.
“1st It must be Verry Distressing to the Inhabitance at this Season of the Year When our Provisions Such as Fowls and Every other Nessesary Fit for that Disorder is already Exhausted by armies Passing and Repassing and Many of them being sick and Billitted so long amoungst Us.
“2d Our grain is almost spent and Numbers of Familyes has none but what they buy at a Verry Dear Rate and that from what they Earn by their Dayly Labour and be at the Expence of Fetching it 20 or 30 Miles.
“3d Many of Our Laybouring men being out in the Militia—thereby many Families is Left with onely a Woman and a Number of Small Children and is at Present for Want of Firewood and many other Comforts of Life Put to Greate Difficulty.
“4th Our Young men being so many of them Out in the service and Laybourers being so Exceadingly scarce that Every man left at home has Enough to do to Get Firewood and Take Care of his Stock which the Latter must be attended to with the Greatest Prudence & Care to bring them throug the Winter as much of Our hay has been Taken to supply the Army.”


Title: To George Washington from Colonel Thomas Hartley, 12 February 1777
From: Hartley, Thomas
To: Washington, George

May it please your Excellency.
York Town PennsylvaniaFebruary the 12th 1777

Since my last from Philadelphia I have been almost continually riding and forwarding the Recruiting Service of my Regement.
Mr Chambers declined serving—it was not till within a few Days, that another was appointed in his Room He is a Lieutenant Coxe of the same Maryland Battalion.
In a short Time I had recruited between 50 & 70 Men but these I delivered over to Colonel Irvines Regement I have in this County, got several Soldiers—but in many Parts of this Province (this County in particular)—there are several Discouraging Circumstances against the Recruiting Service.
A considerable Number had inlisted in the Flying Camp (near 1000 from York County); at Fort Washington several were taken Prisoners—the Surviving few are permitted to return Home to tell the doleful Story of their Captivity and Distress—almost all these Die in a few Days after they have joined their Families—from the inhumane Treatment they must have received from their Enemies The Thin Cloathing &ca of the rest of Flying Camp, has carried of many—in short at the

present—very few are to be found but in Hospitals or Sick Beds—The Influence these Things will have upon the Country will take a little Time to wear of—for this Time the recruiting Service is a little checked but hope it will soon be better—Some of the Militia are returning Home.
In Maryland I have three Companies, to be raised and am informed they will soon be recruited—In Virginia I have one—I shall the Day after to Morrow take a Tour through Maryland and Part of Virginia—for a few Days By Permission of the Committee of Congress. I have contracted in York and Lancaster for Arms for my Regement—They will be made, by the First of April or 15th The other Military Accoutraments such as Cartouch Boxes &ca will also be ready.
I made the earliest Application to Mr Mease for Cloathing—The Uniform Blue faced with white after the Cut of your Excellency’s Uniform—Major Bush has frequently waited on him & he says Materials are providing as fast as possible. Major Bush will stay in Philada till I retrun from Virginia.
I understand as I mentioned to your Excellency before that those of the 16 Additional Regements raising to the Southward intend to have ten Companies—I should also be exceedingly glad of this Privilege—as some Gentlemen of worth and Character have offered to join my Regement when all my other Captains are appointed—A Mr Swan of Hagers Town Maryland and now at the Camp—is one—I would give him the Command of a granadier or Light Infantry Company if allowed—he could very soon raise one—I would be happy to be honoured with a Note from your Excellency on this Subject.
I shall do all in my Power to raise and equip my Regement as soon as possible.
I have generally understood that the 16 Regements were called Guards—some here said Washingtons Guards, this Name if agreeable to your Excellency would be pleasing to all—In my Attestations I call my Regement Guards but have left Blank for any other Distinction—I hope this Freedom will not be displeasing to you.
I shall ere long be able to make a proper Return of the State of my Regement—I wish the Number may not be small. I am with the greatest Respect your most obedet Humble Servt

Thos Hartley


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General William Maxwell, 12 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Maxwell, William

Sir,
Head quarters. Morris Town 12h Feby 1777.

In answer to your Letter of the 9th Inst. respecting the Case of the Young Men of Eliza. Town who refuse to take the Oath of Allegiance to the States, or to withdraw within the Enemy’s lines & discourage all the Militia round about them—I would observe that tho’ it is my Desire to have the Terms & Conditions of my Proclamation religiously complied with, Yet I do not intend that it shall be made a Shelter for our Enemies to injure Us under with Impunity—These fellows at Eliza. Town as well as all others who wish to remain with Us, (till the Expiration of the 30 days,) for no other purpose than to convey Intelligence to the Enemy & poison our people’s Minds, must & shall be compelled to withdraw immediately within the Enemy’s lines: Others who are hezitating which side to take & behave friendly to Us till they determine, must be treated with Lenity—Such as go over to the Enemy are not to take with them any thing but their Cloathing & furniture—Their Horses, Cattle, & Forage must be left behind—Such as incline to share our fate, are to have every Assistance afforded them that can be granted with Safety; neither Waggons nor Horses must be too much hazarded in doing this business—Majr Morris will secure Foster’s Cattle & Sheep; & bring off all the Corn, Hay & Oats he speaks of for the Quarter Master, who will take an acct of it & settle with the Owners, if friendly—The Effects of all Persons in Arms agt Us must be seized & secured.
I wish this line of Conduct to be observed by our parties; for which purpose You will make them all acquainted with my determination on this head—The Returns of yr Brig. alarm me; I fear there is some Mistake; for which purpose I have directed Colo. Bedford the Must. Master Genl to repair thither & examine into the Matter—You will be so good as to assist him in discovering the true Cause why so many are kept in pay & so few perform Service. I am Yr &C.


Title: From George Washington to Robert Morris, 12 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Morris, Robert

Dear Sir,
Morristown Feby 12th 1777.

I shall thank you for yr Care of the Inclosed. nothing of consequence since my last to Congress—frequent Skirmishes happen between the Enemys foraging Parties & our Scouts; but they come out so strong now, we can make nothing of this. Most sincerely I am Yrs

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Robert Morris, 12 February 1777
From: Morris, Robert
To: Washington, George

Sir
Philada Feby 12th 1777

I have this Morning received the letter & two parcells of Money sent herewith, from Mr Hancock who requests you will send them in by a Flagg, the letter is for Lieutt Colo. Rawlings one parcell said to Contain six half Joes is for him & the other said to Contain ten half Joes for Lieutt Cresap but both are to be delivered to Colo. Rawlings according to the terms of the letter herewith.
A ship from France brings no later Accounts than the 16 Novr when it was not possible for Doctr Franklin to be arrived, this Ship is also loaden with Salt. I am honoured with Your letter of the 5th Instt and am now taking the necessary measures for Sending the Prisoners into New York by the way of South Amboy, I have Supplyed Mr Palmer with fifty Pounds Sterling & Send Genl Lee his draft for it. I am Your Excellencys Obedt Servant

Robt Morris


Title: From George Washington to Walter Rutherfurd?, 12 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Rutherfurd, Walter

Sir
Head Quarters Morris town 12th Feby 1777

A letter was delivered to me this day by your Servant, directed for Lord Stirling, with a desire, that I would open it in his Lordships Absence.
Tho’ I have not the pleasure of a personal acquaintance with you, I have ever heard, that your Conduct has been most unexceptionable, and strictly conformable to the Rules which have hitherto been prescribed to you. I therefore have no objection to your going to Philadelphia upon your private Business, and shall only desire you to consider; that the times require the same Rule of Conduct should be observed by you in Philadelphia that has been in Jersey, and that you should return as soon as your Business will permit. I am Sir Yr most obt Servt

Go: Washington


Title: General Orders, 13 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To:

Head-Quarters, Morristown, Feby 13th 1777.
Falkland.Fairfield.

The inconveniency arising from drafting Drivers for the Waggons and Artillery out of the Continental Troops, induces the Commander in Chief to direct the Quarter Master General, or his Deputies, to engage Waggoners, and Drivers, for the Artillery, from the Inhabitants;

and all persons so engaged, or as Artificers, are, during the time of their engagement to be deemed in actual service, and excused from duty in the Militia.


Title: To George Washington from Lieutenant Colonel Edward Antill, 13 February 1777
From: Antill, Edward
To: Washington, George

May it Please your Excellency.
Philada Feby 13th 77

I beg Leave to Appologize for troubling you again on the State of the Regiment. I forwarded to Head Quarters a Return of the Regiment as it then Stood & Requested your Intentions as to the Contents[.] Lt Wilson of our Regiment having Some business at Camp will Wait your Commands with which he will return to me, if your Excellency Declines filling up the Remainder of the Subaltern officers, there are Several Applications to me by Persons well Recomended to Whom I would not Venture to Give Positive Answers untill I had the Honor of a Line from You.
Lewis Morris Junr now with General Sullivan has by Some means been Left Out in the Appointments of New York State if he is not yet provided for, and Merits your Approbation I would be happy he had a Majority in Our Corps in Which Case I Would be Obliged to your Excellency to Order him to Join me as he will be of much Service in forwarding the Several Matters of the Regiment his Father a Near Relation of Mine first Mentioned it to me & would be happy in the Appointment in Eager Expectation of an Answer by the bearer. I remain with profound Respect your Excellency’s Most Obedt Hble Servt

Edwd Antill

I have fix’d My Rendevous at Lancaster owing to the Unhealthy Situation of Wilmington.


Title: From George Washington to the Continental Congress Executive Committee, 13 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Continental Congress Executive Committee

Morristown, 13 February 1777. Requests the executive committee to give $4,000 to Lt. Col. David Brearley of the 4th New Jersey Regiment so that Brearley can “pay off the Bounty & Subsistance of a Number of Recruits in the lower part of Jersey.”


Title: To George Washington from the Continental Congress Medical Committee, 13 February 1777
From: Continental Congress Medical Committee
To: Washington, George

Sir
Baltimore Feby 13th 1777

The Congress Apprehending that the Small Pox may greatly endanger the Lives of our fellow Citizens who Compose the army under your Excellency’s Command, and also very much embarrass the Military Operations, have directed their Medical Committee to request your Excellency to give Orders that all who have not had that Disease may be Inoculated, if your Excellency Shall be of Opinion that it can be done without prejudice to your Operations.
Some Battalions from Virginia are now on their march to Join you, and are ordered to take the upper rout, in order to avoid Philadelphia where the Infection now prevails. It is Submitted to your Excellency whether they ought not to Stop Somewhere in order to undergo Inoculation. The Committee request your Excellency to give the Necessary orders if it be your Opinion that they can be so long Spared from Service.
We beg leave to remind you that the Southern Troops are greatly Alarmed at the Small Pox, and that it very often proves fatal to them in the Natural way. This Suggestion we doubt not will, with regard to this object, draw your particular attention to the Troops who may be ordered to Join you from those States We hope Sir this Attention may prevent the Danger and Inconveniences Apprehended by Congress and we have the most perfect reliance on your Excellencys well known Humanity, and Singular Regard to your Troops for carrying their Intention into Effect, if it be adviseable. I have the Honor to be with the utmost respect (in the name of the medical Committee) Your Excellency’s Most obedient Servant

B: Rush. Chairman


Title: To George Washington from the Massachusetts Council, 13 February 1777
From: Massachusetts Council
To: Washington, George

Sir
Council Chamber Boston Feby 13th 1777

We embrace this Oppertunity to Inform Your Excellency that the Officers of the Fifteen Battalions to be raised in this State, were Appointed as Follows.
The Officer for Six of the Battalions were Appointed by a Committee of the General Court at the Camp near New York. The Officers for Five of them by a Committee of the General Court at Ticonderoga & the Officers for the remainder of them by the General Assembly by reason of the several Bodies that Appointed these Officers being at such a Distance One from the other, it has so happned, that the Appointments were made at different Times & Consequently their several Commissions bear Different Dates, This has created it seems some dispute about their Rank, however we would represent to yr Excellency that we conceive that Notwithstanding their Commissions bear Different Dates, yet when their Rank comes to be Settled they ought to be Considered as having their Appointment and Commission Upon One & the same day & their rank Settled According to their Several previous Claims without any regard to the date of their Commissions—We would further Observe that the Commissions of Officers Appointed by the Committees at New York & Ticonderoga were dated those at New York the first of November and those at Ticonderoga on the Sixth of November notwithstandg their former Commissions did not expire untill the First of January, We mention this that they may not by this means receive their pay twice for the same Service. In the Name & behalf of Council I am with Great Respect Your Excellency’s Humble Servant

Jer: Powell Presidt P. Tem.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General Thomas Mifflin, 13 February 1777
From: Mifflin, Thomas
To: Washington, George

My dear general
Reading [Pa.] 13th February 1777

I had the Honor to write to you from Philadelphia at which place I was detaind near three Weeks by Want of Cash. This being the best Place to purchase Intrenching Tools and Forage I employd Colonel Mark Bird to procure them—He has engaged a very considerable Qy but is now obligd to stop through Want of Money having expended all his own and a very large Sum which he borrowd. I sent an Express to Philadelphia on Saturday to Mr Smith; he returnd Yesterday without a Farthing and gives me no Encouragement of receiving any in less than many Weeks. In the mean Time the Farmers are taking Advantage of the Season and ask 25 ⅌ Cent more for their Grain & Horses than they did two Weeks past.
So many persons are employd to purchase Horses (for the several Troops) in this and the Neighbouring Counties, that it is now almost impossible to buy One but at a most extravagant Rate.
Enclosd I send your Excellency some Thoughts on the new Arrangement of the Quarter Master Generals Department—As other Ideas occur I will communicate them—I have only to request your Excellencys Orders respecting them as soon as convenient that the Department may have as early as possible its new Coat on.
The enclosd Letter was deliverd to me by a French Gentleman who was made Prisoner last Year at St Johns. I have the Honour to be with much Attachment Your Exy Ob. Sert

Thomas Mifflin


Title: To George Washington from Joseph Reed, 13 February 1777
From: Reed, Joseph
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Philadelphia Feb. 13. 1777

I did myself the Pleasure of addressing you a few Days ago on a particular Occasion & then expected to have attended you in less than

a Week—but the Difficulty of procuring a proper Retreat for my Family & adjusting my Affairs will make it longer: But if in the Settlement of the Cartel or any other Occasion you think I can be of Service, I will obey the earliest Summons. We have not been successful in finding the Cartel settled last War which was expected to be met with in this Place.
I find there has been a Hessian Officer at This Place, who has been permitted to visit the Prisoners in their Quarters—I would suggest to your Excelly the Same Thing on our Part if there are any Prisoners yet remaining in New York—Since I have been in Town I have received the inclosed letter from Col. Miles—I shall take the first Oppy of writing him that I am sure every Step will be taken for his Relief that depends upon you. As they are now removed to Long Island I make no Doubt some Distinction will be shewn the Officers.
I flatter myself that I shall be favoured with a Line from your Excelly as soon as you know the Determination of Congress with Respect to myself. Should any other Appointment take Place I shall be happy to attend you in a private Capacity & especially while Jersey is the Seat of War, where my Knowledge of the Country & its Inhabitants may enable me to render more Service than Strangers of much superiour Abilities—The most certain Conveyance of a Letter to me will be under Cover to Col: Moylan, with whom I shall Leave my Directions in the Country.
Col. Griffin I am informed is somewhat disappointed that among the many Promotions he has been overlook’d. He wish’d to serve in the Horse. I am sure your Goodness will excuse my reminding your Excelly of Gentlemen of Merit who in the Multiplicity of your Engagements may escape your Memory—If there is any more Room I cannot but think his Zeal & Services last Summer will recommend him to your Favour.
In the short Absence of the Men of War from our Capes we have had several Arrivals with Salt & other West India Articles particularly Rum. A Ship deeply laden arrived from France a few Days ago & several others with Arms & military Stores are hourly expected. The Passengers by this Ship do not seem to promise an early Declaration of War between France & England but speak of it as a certain Event if there is not some very great Change of Circumstances in the mean Time.
The Affairs of this Province are in a very unhappy State—I very much fear that should the Enemy make an Impression they would receive more solid Assistance & Support from the Quaker & Proprietary Parties now united than they have yet had both from New York & New Jersey.

I have kept the Adj: Generals Commission in Compliance with what seemed to be your Excellys Wishes in order to sound Major Morris—I must beg that you would favour me by ordering the Matter so that I may resign the Commission before my Successor receives his: as even the Appearance of being suspended would give me some Mortification, & possibly gratify some whom I may have inadvertently tho unintentionally offended. I am with great Respect & Affection Dear Sir Your Obliged & most Obed. Hbble Servt

J. Reed


Title: To George Washington from Major General John Sullivan, 13 February 1777
From: Sullivan, John
To: Washington, George

Much Respected General
Chatham [N.J.] Feby 13th 1777

I Recollect once to have Read That on the Fatal Ides of March, when Cesar was going to the Capitol Artemidorus presented him with a paper Containing Those words “Cesar Beware of Brutus Take Heed of Cassius come not Near Casca have an Eye to Cinna; Trust not Trebonius; Brutus Loves thee not These men have all but one mind and That is bent agt Cesar if Thou art not Immortal Look about Thee: Security gives way to Conspiracey.” The writing Artemidorus Desired him to read Instantly but he Delayed & was assassinated with this paper (by him unread) in his Pocket—the Reading of which might have Saved him—I am as far from Superstitions & have as Little faith in the Intrails of a Beast as any man, Dreams have never Regulated my Conduct—yet for Some Reason I wish your Excellency would be prevailed on not to go much to the Eastward of Morris Town, particularly about the neighbourhood of Mr Saml Ogdens. The Eastern parts are Inhabited by Tories & no Troops of ours in that Quarter a plan to Entrap might be Easily Laid & very Easily Carried into Execution I would not wish to make you Act Different from what your own Reason would Dictate if in my power but The people fear for you & they Seem to feel the Danger to which their Country would be Exposed Should Such an Event take place (which heaven forbid) I am not Credulous perhaps not Enough So & yet I fear Events believe me great Sir There is More weight in the unanimous voice & opinion of all The people, than there could be in those Dreams & prodigies which Even Staggered Cesars Resolution & made him once Determine not to appear in the Senate—forgive me Dear Sir when I Say That wisdom may Sometimes be Consumed in Confidence & The Noble Spirit which knows no fear may be the best assistant to its Enemies for Compleatg its Ruin for as Said the paper (which might have Saved Cesar) “Security gives way to Conspiracy” I can Scarcely Account for my fears Nor can I prove What I Really believe which is that you have many Enemies Around you which if opportunity would permit would Readily assist to Entrap your Excy, and Leave a wretched Army to Lament the Loss of That Leader who has been their only Support Dear General if I have gone too far Impute it to my zeal for my Country & regard for your Safety. I have the honor to be Dear General yours most affectionately

Jno. Sullivan

P.S. I wish not to Show Ingratitude to the Family of the Ogdens by Suspicions they have Ever treated me in the most open Generous manner & I cant help believing the one with whom you Live is Sincere I Doubt of Samuel I believe you will Soon have a Deposition proving that old Mr Ogden of New York was possessd of yr Proclamation before it was published here This will prove a Correspondence. Yr Excys most obedt Servt

J.S.


Title: General Orders, 14 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To:

Head-Quarters, Morristown, Feby 14th 1777.
Georgia.Goshen


Title: From George Washington to John Hancock, 14 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Hancock, John

Sir
Head Qrs Morristown February 14th 1777.

Since I had the honor of addressing you on the 5th Instt no event of an important and interesting nature has occurred, unless the Successes of our parties in foraging & bringing off Several Horses, Waggons & some fat Cattle, and Sheep, which were contiguous to, and around the Enemy’s Lines, are considered as such. I then mentioned, that I had such a Scheme in contemplation which was happily accomplished the next day without any loss. The Enemy, in turn, have made frequent efforts in that way, but with little success. When ever they made the Attempts, it never failed to produce a Skirmish. They have been common of late, but with little damage to either side. We have certain intelligence, that they have drawn the greatest part of their Troops from Rd. Island, and are told, that part of them have landed

on Staten Island & at Amboy with a view of augmenting their force at Brunswic.
Colo. Buckner agreable to the information contained in my last, has been tried by a Court Martial and cashiered. The proceedings and Sentence I directed to be transmitted to the Secretary of the War Office, & to the printer of this State & Virginia to be published.
General Lincoln is just arrived with a Regiment of Massachusetts Militia, about 250. This he says is succeeded by Three more which will make in the Whole near Eighteen Hundred—but in this, I think he must be mistaken, unless those on the march are much fuller and larger than what they usually are. The Whole are of the Troops that were with Genl Heath.
Genl Knox by a Letter of the 1st Instt informs me, that on mature inquiry and examination he finds Springfeild to be more convenient and much better calculated for an Elaboratory & Cannon Foundery than any other part of the New England States. He adds, that a Quantity of Copper, Tin and Other useful materials can be had there, and that the necessary Works and preparations from these and Other advantages can be accomplished at least three or four Months sooner there than any where else. In consequence of his Opinion, which I esteem of weight, particularly in this instance, & knowing the importance of, and how essential these establishments are, I have ventured to order the Works to be begun there, without regard to what had been done at Brookfeild, which was of but little consequence. The former, besides the many advantages mentioned by Genl Knox, stands on Connecticut River and has a good Navigation, yet is entirely secure against any Attempts of the Enemy, being Twenty miles above Hartford, where the River is narrow & too shoal, to admit Vessels that can give the least annoyance. As nothing but the good of the Service could have led to this measure, I trust it will be approved.
I have wrote the Assembly of the Massachusets State & the Convention of New-Hampshire, requesting their good Offices and exertions to promote the raising of their Regiments as expeditiously as possible, and to forward the Whole of the Quotas first enacted from them, to Ticonderoga. Their contiguity to that post, more than to any Other—the importance of it, and General Schuylers apprehensions that the Enemy may attempt to pass the Lake, if not on the ice, as soon as it is open, added to the great trouble, expence and loss of time, it will save in marching them elsewhere, and Others there who are much more distant and remote, induced me to determine so. I find the Council of the former, on Genl Schuylers earnest application before my Letter reached them, had determined to send Four Regiments, as soon as they could be compleated. I only wish the whole may be made up in a

short time, and that their arrival may be early enough to prevent those inconveniences & fatal consequences, which the want of a sufficient force in that Quarter would subject us to, were the Enemy to pass the Lakes at this time.
Mr James Mease is now here in consequence of being appointed Clothier Genl. he is adjusting a plan for answering the end of his Appointment, and making an Estimate to be laid before Congress or their secret Committee of such Cloaths as may be necessary to import for the Army.
It is with much concern, that the situation of our Affairs obliges me to mention so frequently the want of Money, especially when I am persuaded every means are used to furnish it. Our distress on this Account, is great indeed. and the injury the Service receives almost inconceivable. Not a day—an Hour or scarcely a minute passes without complaints & applications on this head. The recruiting the Regiments is most materially retarded by it.
10 OClock P.M. Just now a Flag returned that went to Brunswic to day, who brought the inclosed Letters from Genl Lee, which I do myself the honor to transmit you with a Copy of One to myself. I have the Honor to be with sentiments of great respect Sir Yr Most Obedt Sevt

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to John Hancock, 14 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Hancock, John

Sir
Head Quarters Morris town 14th Feby 1777

I do myself the honor to inclose you a plan drawn up by Docr Shippen in concert with Docr Cochran for the arrangement and future Regulation of the General Hospital.
As this plan is very extensive the appointments numerous, and the Salaries, at present affixed to them, large; I did not think myself at liberty to adopt any part of it, before I laid it before Congress for their approbation.
I will just remark, that tho’ the Expence attending an Hospital upon the inclosed plan, will be very great, it will in the end; not only be a saving to the public, but the only possible Method of keeping an Army afoot.

We are now, at an enormous Bounty, and with no small difficulty, recruiting an Army of upwards of an hundred Battalions. The ensuing Campaign may, from the same Causes, prove as sickly as the last. If the Hospitals are in no better condition for the reception of the sick, our Regiments will be reduced to Companies by the end of the Campaign, and those poor Wretches who escape with life, will be either scattered up and down the Country and not to be found, or if found, totally enervated and unfit for further duty. By these Means, the Bounty is not only lost, but the Man is lost also, and I leave you to judge, whether we have Men enough to allow of such a consumption of lives and Constitutions as have been lost the last Campaign. For my own part, I am certain, that if the Army, which I hope we shall have in the Feild this year, is suffered to moulder away by sickness, as it did the last, we must look for Reinforcements to some other places than our own States.
The number of Officers, mentioned in the inclosed plan, I presume are necessary for us, because they are found so in the British Hospitals. And as they are established upon the surest Basis, that of long Experience under the ablest Physicians and Surgeons, we should not hesitate a moment in adopting their Regulations, when they so plainly tend to correct and improve our former want of Method and Knowledge in this important department.
The pay, affixed to the different Appointments, is, as I said before, great; and perhaps more than you may think adequate to the Service. In determining upon the Sum that is to be allowed to each, you ought to consider, that it should be such as will induce Gentlemen of Character and Skill in their profession to step forth, and in some manner adequate to the practice which they leave at home. For unless such Gentlemen are induced to undertake the Care and Management of our Hospitals, we had better trust to the force of Nature and Constitution, than suffer persons intirely ignorant of Medicine to destroy us by ill directed applications.
I hear from every quarter, that the dread of undergoing the same Miseries for want of proper care and attention when sick, has much retarded the new inlistments, particularly to the Southward. This is another reason for establishing our Hospitals, upon a large and generous plan, for we ought to make the Service as agreeable and inticing as possible to the Soldiery, many of whom (especially when we call forth the Militia) not only quit the Comforts but the luxuries of life.
A few days ago Docr Morgan sent me the inclosed Manuscript, which is a vindication of his Conduct, upon which he desires a Court of Enquiry may be held. I transmit it to you by his direction. As I do not know what particular Charges were alledged against him, I can say nothing to it or about it. You will find a plan of his also inclosed, for

the better Regulation of the Hospital, but I think all his hints are included in Shippen’s plan.
As no time is to be lost in appointing the necessary Officers, fixing upon the proper places for Hospitals, and many other preparations; I could wish that Congress would take this Matter under their immediate Consideration, and favor me with their Sentiments thereon as soon as possible. I have the Honor to be Sir Your most hble Servt

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General Thomas Mifflin, 14 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Mifflin, Thomas

Sir,
Hd quart. Morris Town 14th Feby 1777.

I have not, till now, had time to answer Yrs of the 4th Inst. My Sentiments respecting the treatmt proper to be observed to Martyrs coincide with Yrs Lenity will operate with greater force in such Instances than Rigour. ’tis therefore my first Wish to have our whole Conduct distinguished by it. Still it is not my desire, neither indeed is it within my power—to release any Man from Confinemt imposed upon him by the Civil power—They best know the Charge & Merits of the Case, consequently should ultimately determine it.
For these reasons I dare not comply with your Request—I have inclosed a Letter from Mr Sears; the business falls within your department. I am Yrs &C.

G.W.


Title: From George Washington to the Pennsylvania Council of Safety, 14 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Pennsylvania Council of Safety

Gentn
Head Qrs Morristown Feby 14. 1777.

I have now before me your two Letters of the 29th Ulto and the 8th Instt with which you have been pleased to honour me. The disputes subsisting about Rank in Colo. McCoy’s Regiment, I will try to settle & accomodate agreable to your request, should I hear any thing more upon the Subject. I have not yet seen the Colo.
In respect to the return of Lt Robb & Ensigns Hoffeur and Sneider with the privates they have, I cannot see any necessity for it. It is true their number is but small, yet as every aid at this time is wanted, and their presence at philadelphia not necessary to facilitate the levying, or the Arrangement of the Regiment, I think their return should be dispensed with.
I am much Obliged by your attention to my Several Letters. The collection of the public Arms, is a subject that requires much of our care. The utmost industry, I am apprehensive, will not entirely releive us from difficulties & embarrassments on that Head. Our demand for

Artillerists will make the arrival of Captn Courtnay’s Company seasonable and of importance. I have the Honor to be with much esteem Yr Most Obedt St

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General John Morin Scott, 14 February 1777
From: Scott, John Morin
To: Washington, George

Sir
Fish Kill Feby 14th 1777

permit me to acknowledge the Receipt of your favor by Mr Sacket by which I esteem myself much honored. I wish I had it in my power to give You a favorable Account of our little Expedition which I imagine would have been successful beyond Expectation had it not been for certain Reasons. When I found that it was all dwindled into a mere foraging Business, that our little Corps was headed by three Majors General and two Brigadiers General, while my Command in point of Numbers was reduced to that of a Major, I thought it my Duty, as well to save public Expence, as to be where I could be more useful to return to Convention. I left the Command of my little handful to Major Fish; who with another Major of this State very early a few Mornings ago surprized & killed three Light horsemen of the Enemy out of six, wounded another & took one horse; and had it not been for the too great promptitude of the other Major who killed one of the Enemy with his own hand; the whole little party would probably have fallen into our hands. This Effort however in a young Man tho’ not altogether prudent, yet for a Militia Officer, whom I would much rather see rash than cowardly is commendable. His Name is Van Renselaer. He was Major in my Brigade under Coll Humphrey in the last Campaign. I am pleased to see our Officers brave—Service will teach them discipline and prudence.
I am sorry to be obliged to inform You that our Convention, in Spite of my every Effort to prevent it, have resolved to adjourn to Esopus, for no other reason than because their Lodging here was inconvenient. The Reasons of a public Nature agt the removal are weighty—permit Me, Sir, to mention them.
1st The danger that the blocking up of the Channel will be neglected.
2dly The Danger that the internal Enemies in Dutches & West Chester will rise up in Arms.
3dly The Danger of the Oppression & therefore the Loss of the well affected in those Counties;

4thly The Danger that our foraging will be discontinued, &
5thly The Danger that the New York Troops will not be properly equipped for the field.
These in my humble Opinion were sufficient to exclude from Consideration every article of private Convenience—And You would be surprized were I to inform You who were the principal Agents in bringing about the Resolve to adjourn—If, Sir, You should view the Matter in the same Light that I do, I am, sure You would do every thing in your Power to bring them back. I hope I may be honored in my Opinion by a Conformity of Sentiments in You. Should this be the Case, a Line from You will, in Consequence of the great Deference, I am sure they pay You, have the desired Effect—Were the Matter now to be moved it could not be carried. They seized the lucky Moment—If You shou’d think it adviseable to write to them on the Subject, I beg You may do it without Delay, and conceal the Quarter from whence You obtained your Information.
You may think it Vanity in Me, Sir to add, my Application to that of our Convention for the Exchange of the four Officers of my Brigade—concerning whom they write You—My only Motive for doing it is, that perhaps my Assurance of their Merit on a personal Knowledge of them may have some Weight. I am Sir with every possible Assurance of real respect & Esteem Your most obedt humble servt

Jno. Morin Scott


Title: To George Washington from Major General John Sullivan, 14 February 1777
From: Sullivan, John
To: Washington, George

Dear General
Chatham [N.J.] Feby 14th 1777

I am Informed by Letter from the president of the Councill of New Hampshire Informing That that State Sensible of Colo. Scammells merit appointed him Colo. of one of their Regiments though he was from another State—I conclude therefore that as This appointment was Accepted by him before yo⟨ur⟩ Excys orders could have Reached him & as the (Infamous New England) Bounty will be an Inducement

to the Soldiers he will hold that appointment. Your Excy will therefore please to Supply officers to that Regiment of Such persons, As your wisdom Shall Direct. I have the honor to be your Excellencys most obedient Servant

Jno. Sullivan


Title: From George Washington to Walter Rutherfurd?, 14 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Rutherfurd, Walter

Sir,
Morristown Feb: 14th 1777.

I have receiv’d your Letter of yesterday—In answer to it I beg leave to observe that it is not within the scan of human wisdom to devise a perfect Plan. In all human Institutions—In the accomplishment of all great events—In the adoption of any measure for general operation, Individuals may, and will suffer; but in the case complain’d of, the matter may, I think, be answered by propounding a few questions.
Is it not a duty Incumbent upon the Members of every State to defend the rights & liberties of that State? If so, is an ⟨oath ex⟩torted from them, to observ⟨e a con⟩trary conduct, obligatory ⟨mutilated⟩. If such Oath was not e⟨xtorted⟩ but the effect of a volunta⟨ry act⟩ can the person taking of⟨fence be⟩ considered in any other light than as an Enemy to his Country? In either case then, where is the Injustice of calling upon them to a declaration of their Sentiments? Is a Neutral character in one of the United States, which has by her representatives, solemnly engaged to support the Cause, a justifiable one? If it is, may it not be extended to corporate bodies—to the state at large—& to the inevitable destruction of the opposition; which, under Providence, depends upon a firm union of the whole, and the spirited exertions of all its Constituent parts?
Upon the whole, it appears to me that but two kinds of People will complain much of the Proclamation—namely—those tha⟨t⟩ are really disaffected and such a⟨s⟩ want to lay by, & wait the Issue of the dispute—The first class cannot be pleased; the next are endeavouring to play a dble game, in which their present protections may, eventually, become a sure Card.


Title: General Orders, 15 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To:

Head-Quarters, Morristown, Feby 15th 1777.
Ireland.Jersey.

As the Commander in Chief is extremely desirous that the Small-Pox should not spread among the Soldiery, it is hoped no persons will presume, on any account whatever, to inoculate without first obtaining leave.
Mr Robert Freeman is appointed Pay Master to the 9th Virginia Regiment, and is to take upon him that office.
Serjt Snagg is appointed Provost Marshal in the room of Serjt Prentice, resigned.


Title: From George Washington to Colonel George Baylor, 15 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Baylor, George

Dear Baylor,
Morristown Feb: 15th 1777.

Two young Gentn name sakes of mine, the one Son to Mr Lawrence Washington, the other to Mr Robt Washington, both of Stafford County, are desirous of entering into the Horse Service. If therefore you have not disposed of all the Cornetcies in your Regiment, I should be glad if you would appoint each of them one. I am very sincerely Dr Sir Yr Affecte

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Colonel Henry Beekman Livingston, 15 February 1777
From: Livingston, Henry Beekman
To: Washington, George

Sr
Lower Barraks Fish Kill [N.Y.] Feby 15th 1777.

The Committee of Arrangement of Officers for this state have been more than three Months Appointing the Officers to my Regiment, and have not yet Finished, a Lieutenant Colonel, a Lieut:, and two Ensigns, Qr Master, Are the Officers now wanting: The Competitors for the Lieutenant Colonels Commission, who are two Shoe makers, have had just Interest enough at Court to Exclude all others, and Votes are so equally divided that it is very doubtfull which of them will gain the Honour, their Names are William Goforth, and Mr John Lasher, what Mr Lashers Quallifications may be, I am unable to say, but the other

from my own Knowledge of him is totally unfit to Hold that Commission; Setting apart his Education—A Gentleman whose Rank intitles him to that Post, and whose Attatchment to the Liberties of this Country Deserves all the Good Offices we can do him, has been strongly recommended by the Gentlemen here, who know him, he was thought to be a great Acquisition: as he has solicited a Post in our Army, he was Lt Colo: to Colo: Dugan in 1775, and has Left his all in Canada in Order to Assist us, he has since Served a Volunteer under Brigadier General George Clinton who gives him a very high Character. This is the Character I have heard of Lieut: Colo: Renier, never having had the Pleasure to see him myself. if it is Consistant with the Line of Conduct your Excellency may have Prescribed Yourself, It would be Confering an Obligation on me, if this Gentleman Could be provided for in my Regiment, I have not yet been able to obtain the Number of Arms specified in Your Exellencies Order. am with Respect and Esteem, Your Exellencies Most Obt Humble Servt

Henry B: Livingston Colo:


Title: To George Washington from William Livingston, 15 February 1777
From: Livingston, William
To: Washington, George

Sir
Haddonfield [N.J.] 15th February 1777

I received your Excellency’s Letter of the 11th Instant yesterday, inclosing a Copy of the Resolve of Congress of the 27th of December, investing you with certain Powers, which the present Situation of our public Affairs have rendered it necessary to confer upon the continental Commander in Chief. It is sometime since I was honour’d with a Copy from the President of the Congress; & I heartily congratulate my Country that they have seen the Necessity of the Measure. I could only wish that it had been done a twelve month ago.
I am sorry for the Uneasiness prevailing in the 1st Jersey Battalion, occasioned by Colo. Newcomb’s appointment to the Command of it. I hope none of the young Gentlemen in the Battalion take Umbrage at a part of his Character, for which I don’t, & I dare say your Excellency would not, like him the less, that he is a religious Man. But tho’ I have very little Acquaintance with him, I could not help remarking that either from his advanced years, or natural Sluggishness, he wanted the Activity indispensably necessary for an officer of his Rank. I accordingly disapproved of the Appointment from the Beginning; and I cannot learn from him (for he has been at and about this place almost ever since I have been here without any apparent purpose in View)

what Men he has raised, or that he knows any thing about the State of his Regiment. He has however his Friends & Admirers; but as your Excely’s objection has been frequently made by many of the Members of both Houses; and there is an Uneasiness in the Regiment upon his Account, I doubt not your superceeding him will give general Satisfaction.
A most fatal mistake upon which some of our Members proceed in their appointment of Officers is, that if they have known a Man behave well as a Captain, they take it for granted that he is fit for a Collonel; & if he has acquitted himself with Honour in the latter Station, he is undoubtedly qualified to be a General.
May I once more take the Liberty to mention to your Excellency Major Burr Aid deCamp to General Putnam? I think him a most promising youth, & like to do Honour to his Country.
I received a Letter from General Putnam by which I found that he was proceeding with our Militia upon such a Plan as I was fully convinced would be injurious to the Service; & therefore prevented its Execution till I had given him an Opportunity to reconsider it. I enclose a Copy of his & my Letters upon the Subject. I fear that unless the continental Officers observe some Uniformity in their Orders for calling out our Militia, it will occasion great Perplexity.
Ensign Du clos of Collo. Maxwells Battalion was taken Prisoner in Canada, & is now on his Parol—as he is like to be promoted by our State to the rank of Lieut. in the new Levies, I hope his Exchange will be affected as soon as possible.
Since writing the above, I have to acknowledge the Favour of your Excellency’s Letter of the 14 instant, inclosing Copy of the Deposition of Lieut. Yates which is full to the Point, & for which I am greatly obliged to your Excellency, as well as for your chalking out the way in which I may best procure the other Proofs required.
I take the Liberty to inclose you The impartial Chronicle in ridicule of Gain’s lying Gazetter, which is a Jersey Production, & will probably afford you a little Diversion in a Leisure moment. I am Sir with great Regard your most obedt Servt

Wil: Livingston

P.S. I transmitted to the Assembly the mode your Excellency has adopted to settle the rank of officers, & it gives, as I am told, universal Satisfaction.


Title: Orders to Lieutenant Colonel Robert Hanson Harrison, 16 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Harrison, Robert Hanson

Sir
[Headquarters, Morristown, 16 February 1777]

General Howe having proposed that some mode should be fixed for the future exchange of prisoners, their subsistances &c.—and appointed

Lt Colo. Walcot of the Army under his command to negotiate respecting the same, you are to repair to the House of Mrs Feild on the Road leading from Brunswic to Bound Brook on Monday the 17th Instt to meet Colo. Walcot—confer with him & receive such propositions as he may have to make upon this subject, reporting to me the same & the result of your conference. Given at Head Qrs Morristown the 16th day of Feby 1777.


Title: From George Washington to Brig. Gen. William Maxwell, 16 February 1777 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Maxwell, William

Letter not found: to Brig. Gen. William Maxwell, 16 Feb. 1777. On 17 Feb. Maxwell wrote GW informing him that “your Excellency Favours of the 16th I have Recd.”


Title: General Orders, 17 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To:

Head-Quarters, Morristown, Feby 17th 1777.
Sundown.Lancaster.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Maxwell, 17 February 1777
From: Maxwell, William
To: Washington, George

Sir
Westfield [N.J.] 17th Febry 1777

Your Excellency Favours of the 16th I have Recd and shall take care to note the contents The Morriss Militia under Coll Cook, their Times is out the 20th inst. and of course must go home and not likely any to come out from that Quarter shortly as they have heard that Innoculation for Your Troops begins on Wedensday next and they must stay at home to take care of their Familys, I think if the Militia of Morriss Town County was discharged with out taking any more out for the present it would be for the good of the Service they are wore out and no thing hardley sent out but hired Men that if they were dismissed would most of them engage into the Continental Service Essix it migh[t] be necessary & Politick to keep up and with a strict hand too because so many of them is protection Men and they will think that we are in Jest with them if we do not insist on their coming out Coll Conduit and his Men time is out the same time that Coll Cook’s is out Suppose that Coll Cortland Major Townly & Thompson was orderd out Immediately from Essex with all the Militia except those that had Just now served I think it would be well, and guards sent round to bring out those that did not come out agreeable to orders & to serve that part of a Month with out pay, for there is a great number of Villains here that laugh’s at all orders Coll Cook informs that on bringing the Militia the lastime out of Morriss County that a certain Saml Ogden had influence to stop any Man that was backward to serve his Country and was drafted either under the name of Coliers wood cutters &Ca. at which all attached to their Country was much displeased. out of that Township calld paquanack where Ogden lives there is two Compys of near one 100 Men each & Coll Cook has but one Lieut. one Ens. 3 Sergt 3 Corporals & either 5 or 6 Men from that Town, the Capt. I had ordered to be discharged some time ago, the Ensign came down since & says that the men excused as before Mentioned are minding their own business at home, There is a certain low dutch Man that goes up to Morriss Town once a week or oftner to get intelligence and carrys it to Brunswick I think Lord Sterling could catch him if he would lay out a guard Southward I have no expectation of light Horse from Doctor or Capt. Barnet at Elizth Town for I am informed he has two engaged I have heard him say that he could have his Company in three days but there was no body else believed it I am shure I did not & only looked on it as words of course I have apply to General Sullivan Yesterday for 20 light Horse but could get none we will be in a shocking sittuation with respect to horse when the Essex light horse knows Your orders I keep it a secret at present, I have sent to Capt. Barnet to

day for his light Horse when I get an answer I will send it to You and am Your Excellencys Most Obedient Humble Servant

Wm Maxwell


Title: General Orders, 18 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To:

Head-Quarters, Morristown, Feby 18th 1777.
Middlesex.Milford.


Title: To George Washington from Nicholas Cooke, 18 February 1777
From: Cooke, Nicholas
To: Washington, George

Sir.
Providence February 18th 1777

Since my last I have been favor’d with yours of the 31st Ultimo, and the 2d & 6th Instant.
The Letter respecting Deserters shall be laid before the General Assembly at the next Session on the First Monday in March who I doubt not will take the most proper Measure to discourage Desertion.
My last to you will explain the Motives by which the General Assembly were governed in ordering the Brigade to be raised for 15 Months and the Plan upon which they are inlisted. I shall only add to it that they receive the same Pay as the Continental Troops; and that the Bounty given them is much less.
The State hath been greatly exhausted of Arms by our former Exertions, and the Enemy having effectually blocked up our Ports, it hath not been in our Power to import any. How far we shall be able to supply the Continental Battalions raising here I am not able to say, but this I can assure your Excellency that nothing shall be wanting on Our Part to furnish them. I am with great Truth and Esteem, Your Excellencys Most Obedt humle Servt

Nichs Cooke


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General Philemon Dickinson, 18 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Dickinson, Philemon

Sir,
Morris Town 18th Febry 1777

I am informed by a line from Gl Maxwell that Colo. Cook’s & Conduits Regts of Militia from this County are to go home in a few days. How they are to be replaced I can’t tell—I have wrote to Gl Maxwell to call in the Essex Mila, but I fear it can’t be done without yr Interposition—There remains but little doubt with me of the Enemy’s Intention to move soon; their late Reinforcemt at Brunswic indicates a disposition to act offensively—It therefore becomes indispensably necessary for You vigorously to exert the power committed to yr Charge by Govr Livingston, not only in replacg the Morris Mila but in calling out all others that can be had—Slugishness in them now, will inevitably bring on that Misery again from which they have lately been relieved—Genl Maxwell recommends sendg small parties armed thro’ Essex to force in the Mila I think he may proceed if You do not disapprove the Measure. I am &C.


Title: From George Washington to Maj. Gen. Nathanael Greene, 18 February 1777 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Greene, Nathanael

Letter not found: to Maj. Gen. Nathanael Greene, 18 Feb. 1777. In his letter of 20 Feb. Greene informed GW that “your favor of the 18th came to hand last Evening.”


Title: From George Washington to William Livingston, 18 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Livingston, William

Sir,
Head quarters. Morris Town. 18th [February] 1777

Since I did myself the Honour of writing to you on the 14th Inst., by the way of Philadelphia, in answer to your favour of the 6th I have received from Brigr Stephen the Letters & Affidavit, by me referred to, when mentioning the Case of Adjutt Kelly; Copies of which, & of a part of a Letter inclosing them to my Aid de Camp, explaining a Sentence in Sr Willm’s Answer, I take the liberty of inclosing to you. I have the Honour to be, with great Esteem, Yr most Obedient Servant

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Brig. Gen. Alexander McDougall, 18 February 1777 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: McDougall, Alexander

Letter not found: to Brig. Gen. Alexander McDougall, 18 Feb. 1777. McDougall writes GW on 7 Mar. that “I was honored with your favor of the 18th Ultimo.”


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General William Maxwell, 18 February 1777
From: Washington, George
To: Maxwell, William

Sir
Head quarters. Morris Town. 18th Feby 1777.

I received your favour of the 17th Inst.—I wish the Morris County Militia could be prevailed on to stay some time longer—The Enemy are certainly reinforced & will no doubt attempt in a few days to make their situation more comfortable—should they do so, We shall not be able to make an effectual Opposition, if the Troops now in service retire to their Homes, & they will again be reduced to that Misery from which they were but just now releived merely by their exerting themselves manfully—Make them acquainted with this, & let them also know that their Families will be under not the smallest danger of catching the Small pox—I have taken every Possible Care of them & have Guards placed over every house of Innoculation to prevent the Infection’s spreading—At any rate they must remain ’till the Essex Militia releive them, who are ordered out every Man immediately—A few days will determine whether they can be spared, if they can, I am sure I shall have no Objection to their going—I have wrote to Mr Ogden on the subject mentioned by You—I wish You would lay some plan of catching the Dutch Man who is said to come to this place every Week for Intelligence; if he appears to be a Spy I will order a Court Martial on him & have him hanged instantly.
You will let me know in a few days whether Capt. Barnett has joined you, because if he does not I shall dismiss him & look out for some other person I appointed him upon the express Condition that he should bring a Troop completely equipd into the Field immediately, which he said waited for nothing but my Order, now if he does not comply with his Promise, he can not complain at being discharged. I am Yr &C.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Maxwell, 18 February 1777
From: Maxwell, William
To: Washington, George

Sir
Westfield [N.J.] 18th Febry 1777

Your Excellencys Favour of this date I have Just now recd and am but very lately returned from near Woodbridge I did suspect the Enemy would be out to day after yesterdays Truce, and found it so when I was at Colo. Potters Quarters about 9 oclock. I had given Orders sometime ago that the whole of the Eastern Division except those on

scouts & Picquets should Assemble at some apointed parade towards Woodbridge and nearly opposite Bonam Town between 8 & 9 oclock every day but this day they had chiefly neglected it but they promise they will do so no more. I was obliged to march of to the Enemy with only 120 Men & 50 more of Coll Potters a head of me geting hay; 3 light Horsemen came near them 6 or 7 fired at them knocked down a first Lieut. of the Artillery and has him at Coll Potters quarters I came within sight of the Enemy about 500 with I thought 3 field pieces at some better than ½ a Miles distance they were posted on high and open ground and to get at them I must have cross’d a brook to the mid thigh I thought proper to conceal my Small party in the woods & wait for a reinforcement they after staying in order to fight for about ¼ of an hour marched off quickly towards Amboy, They were near Bishops Tavern they were so far from me that I thought following them was useless I mett the Remdr of the Troops a Mile & half on my Return Some of the Troops there has had no Beef this two days and I expect it will be the same way with Flour in a few days I sent to Capt. Bernard for his Horse he was here to day he says he has Men enough but cannot get horses or Equipment but he will send to Esopus to buy Horses. he says he will send a few to morrow but I make but little account of them. I will do what I can with the Militia but I am afraid it will not do. I am Your Excellencys Most Obedient Humble Servant

Wm Maxwell


Title: To George Washington from Major Apollos Morris, 18 February 1777
From: Morris, Apollos
To: Washington, George

Sir
Philadelphia Feby 18th 1777

I have sifted my expressions, & can find no way of reconciling them or my public or private principles to the determin’d part I am to take, but by sending the Letter deliverd with this to Colonel Fizgerald, who will assure you, having read it, that I therein take nothing on me in the stile of a Negotiator. My returning to the Charge will I hope convince you that I have the best inclination to follow your fortune & obey

your orders, & I believe that will be the best proof I can give of attachment to this Country. I am Sir with all respect Your Excellencys most humble & obedt servt

Apollos Morris


Title: To George Washington from Colonel Levi Pawling, 18 February 1777
From: Pawling, Levi
To: Washington, George

Sir
 Rampough [N.J.] Feb: 18th 1777

I arrived at this place a few Days ago to take the Command of a Regt of New Levies raised by Brigadier General Clinton in the Counties of Ulster and Orange, to Continue in Service ’till the last day of March next. The purport of my Orders from Gen: Clinton is to Relieve an equal Number of the Militia of sd Counties, some Time past in this quarter, To leave a Detatchment under a Carefull Field Officer to secure the Pass and Stores at this place, and to Advance the Remainder of the Regiment to Closter, Hackensack, or some other the most Convenient place on that quarter, to protect the well disposed Inhabitants of this and the State of New Jersey, Curb the Disaffected and annoy the common Enemy (which last he supposed might be affected on their Parties getting Fuel in the Bergen Woods) always Securing a safe Retreat to the above Pass—At the same Time I was Ordered to give your Excellency the earliest Notice of my Arrival and Strength, that I might Receive such further Orders as your Excellency might think proper My Regiment is at present so scatter’d as not to have it in my Power to make a Regular Return which I will do as soon as I can Collect them to the Differrent Posts Assized them. It is to Consist of 500, Officers and Privates, but I Believe does not as yet Exceed 350, as Some of the Men are not yet come up. I am with the utmost Respect Your Excellency’s most Obedient Humble Servt

Levi Pawling


Title: To George Washington from Major General Israel Putnam, 18 February 1777
From: Putnam, Israel
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Princeton 18th Feby 1777

I have the Pleasure to inform you that Major Dick Stockton (of infamous Memory) and his Detachment at Lawrences Island (3½ Miles below Brunswick) are taken—The 50 Men of Bedford Militia who went from here on Sunday were joined by 150 Jersey Militia at Cramberry and the whole commanded by Colo. Nielson—The Affair does real Honour to both Officers and Men, and was conducted with that Secrecy and Dispatch which generally commands Success on these Occasions—The Attack was made this Morning at Daybreak—most of the Enemy were in Bed—a small Resistance was made, one Man of the Jersey Militia was killed—The Enemy had 4 killed and one wounded—supposed mortally—1 Major 1 Capt. and 59 Men including Officers are Prisoners. A Capt. with 5 or 6 Men secreted themselves in a Cellar and were left—The Enemy had another Guard of 60 within ½ Mile of this but the Communication was cut off by taking up the Bridge.
The Order of Attack I thought proper to enclose you. The Deserter mentioned as Pilot to the Rifle Party was in one of the Pensa Regts taken at Fort Washington and inlisted, with a View to make his Escape. Colo. Nielson speaks of him as particularly deserving of Notice—he offered himself for an Expedition of this Nature immediately upon his Escape, gave a very intelligent Account of the Numbers and Disposition of the Enemy and discharged the Trust reposed in him with uncommon Intrepidity.
Thomas Lewis Woodward made Application to me this Day for Leave to pass to the Enemy—from his Papers which I inclose you and his own Account, I thought him a very proper Object for the Gallows, but defer the Matter till I know your Pleasure—he left Staten Island about 3 Weeks past—I have now Six other Persons in the Guard upon the same Errand—four of them were taken up within 5 Miles of Brunswick, on their Way thither without a Pass—I should be glad to

be particularly directed what Property may be taken with them, your first Letter orders that “no Property be carried with them” your last that “they pass with their Furniture.[”] I have the Honour to be Your Excellys most Obt Servt

Israel Putnam

The Prisoners have this Minute all arrived with 63 excellent Muskets and other Articles agreeable to the inclosed Invoice.

I.P.

P.S. I have direct Intelligence from Amboy that nine Transports have arrived there, the Men from but one of them had landed—a Deserter from the Marines at Brunswick has just come in and gives Acct of 17 Regts there including Eng. and Hessian—It is rumoured among the Soldiery that an Attack is intended upon Morris—next Week—have plenty of Salt Provision—Horses very poor and die fast—are two Small Pox Hospitals.

I.P.