Title: From George Washington to Anthony Whitting, 26 May 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Whitting, Anthony

Mr Whiting,
Philadelphia May 26th 1793.

Your letters of the 17th & 22d instt came duly to hand.
Scales, with such weights as you have required, will be sent to you by the first vessel bound to Alexandria: and as there is reason to apprehend a rise in the price of Iron, I propose to send you a tonn thereof by the same opportunity; let me know therefore, as soon as this is received, the sorts which will suit you best. I shall also send the spike nails which will be wanted for the New Barn, from hence: 1st, because I can, it is supposed, get them cheaper; and 2dy because they may be had of any size; and I am told not less than 6 inches will do as each piece will be seperate from the other & more apt (being narrow, only 2½ inches Square) to work loose on that account. When you write to me as above, let me know the price of 8d. 10d: 12d. & 20d. Nails in Alexandria as they are sold by the Cask, & by the lb.; that I may decide on the propriety of sending them from hence, or buying them there; & the sorts you may want. If they go from hence I shall send whole Casks although I want to know how they are sold by the pound; that being the way by which they are sold here; & necessary for me to know, that I may be enabled to form a comparison of the prices.
When you receive the Scales and Wts, I request that the latter (especially the small ones) may always be under lock when not in use; otherwise, in six months, you will not have one. The Scales in the Store whilst I attended to them formerly, were well supplied with weights.
My last letter gave you my ideas respecting Franks painting so fully that I have nothing to add on that head in this.
I am almost certain that the Morter with which the Bricks at

the Barn at Union Farm, & all my other works was not composed of more than ⅓ lime; however, if good judges & practical workmen say it ought (of shells) to be half, I would have it so ordered. It is to be observed however that the lime is of no other use than to cement the particles of Sand together; and these again to the Stone or Brick. It is the Sand therefore, & not the lime, that forms the strength: more therefore than is just sufficient to answer this purpose is not only wasted, but is a real disadvantage as you will often see in work; by the morters falling out, for want of cohesion. Much depends upon the goodness of the Sand—which ought to have as little dust as possible mixed with it—suppose you take a pint of lime & a pint of Sand—and other proportions—and mix them for experiments—when dry you will see & be able to form an opinion of the just proportions—which will do on a large as well as a small Scale.
I wanted no fresh proof of the rascallity of Thos Green. Nor would I retain him in my service, if I could get any other to carry on my business; but such a building as he is about could not, I am sure, be framed by any of my Negro Carpenters.
If the Wheels at Mrs Washington’s Plantation can be repaired, let it be done in preference to buying a new pair, for the reasons formerly mentioned to you.
Mention is made I perceive in the reports, of Carts carrying Bricks at the New building, to the workmen. If I recollect the distance they have to do it, it would seem to me as if the time & labour which must be spent in loading & unloading the Cart would carry them by hand, or in a wheel-barrow without half the loss. I mention this not because I am certain of the fact, but as a matter worthy of attention, & to be decided upon by experience—or at least by calculation.
You say in your letter of the 22d that the Wheat at Dogue run is now all out of the Straw. I conclude therefore you are now able to give me an acct of the Crop at each farm; & the yield of each field, & I desire it may be done accordingly. The reservation of a very few bushels will be sufficient for the use of the Mansion house; for my coming home, situated as public matters are at present, depends upon such a variety of things as to render it very precarious; & Mrs Washington’s coming will depend upon the time it is probable I can remain there; which from present appearances can be but short. My wish is to be at Mount Vernon

about the last of June (in the time of Harvest)—and I shall want to be down again about the Middle of Septr—But whether I shall be able to accomplish both, or either, is more than I can decide. My stay in either case will be short, and this renders Mrs Washington coming at all more uncertain. It will be unnecessary therefore, to make any extra: preparations for this event, so uncertain in its happening.
Your Acct of the state, in which the Grain and Grass on my farms is, surprizes me; the first being so forward, and the latter so backward. The reverse, in a degree, is the case here; for Clover is now cutting, pretty generally; and not till within these two or three days have I seen a stalk of Wheat headed. Is there any indication yet of injury to the Wheat from the Easterly winds & wet weather which have happened so frequently this Spring, according to your apprehensions, expressed sometime ago? Does the Wheat seem to head well? that is—is the ears long, or short, & free from smut? How does the thin Wheat in No. 7 River Farm, & No. 4 Muddy hole, appear at present? Has the Buckwheat come up thick and does it grow fast? What prospect have you for Oats? and for flax? And how does the young clover come on?
How is the ground in French’s large meadow disposed of, or to be disposed of; for I perceive there has been a good deal of plowing in it. And finding the same thing in the Report from Dogue run, as done in the Mill Meadow—with a good deal of grubbing also⟨.⟩ I wish for the same information respecting this meadow; being always pleased with every step which has a tendency to lay these grounds to grass.
Although I am very anxious to hasten the New Barn at Dogue run—yet as Hay time & Harvest will not wait, and is of the highest importance to me, every thing else must yield to them: and if I thought it was necessary, I should, in strong terms, urge you to begin the latter as soon as you shall think it safe, by lying a day or two in the swarth. The advantage of cutting the grain early last year was evident; and will always be found safest and best in all cases, especially where there is a large harvest: the lattr part of wch, besides shattering much, is often, very often indeed, laid down & lost from the Rains which frequently happen at that season, whilst the straw is rendered of no use; having no substance left in it. I hope, and do expect, that the Overseers will be pointedly chargd this year to see that the ground is raked clean. In

Garners fields last year, I was really shocked to see the waste that appeared there. It is not to close harvest soon, but to accomplish it well, that ought to be the aim, and the pride of these people, notwithstanding they receive standing wages instead of shares. I told Garner last year that if the latter had been the case, I was very certain such waste would not have appeared.
Although others are getting out of the practice of using Spirits at Harvest, yet, as my people have always been accustomed to it, a hogshead of Rum must be purchased; but I request at the sametime, that it may be used sparingly. Spirits are now too dear to be used otherwise.
It is not my wish, or desire, that my Negros should have an oz. of Meal more, nor less than is sufficient to feed them plentifully. This is what I have repeated to you over & over again; and if I am not much mistaken, requested you to consult the Overseers on this head, that enough, & no more than enough, might be allowed. Sure I am I desired this with respect to Davy. To ask me whether this, or that quantity is enough, who do not know the number of mouths that are to be fed, is asking a question that it is not possible for me to resolve. Formerly, every Working Negro used to receive a heaping & squeezed peck at top of unsifted Meal, and all others (except sucking Children) had half a Peck, like measure, given to them: with which I presume they were satisfied, inasmuch as I never heard any complaint of their wanting more: Since the meal has been given to them Sifted, and a struck peck only, of it, there has been eternal complaints; which I have suspected arose as much from the want of the husks to feed their fowls, as from any other cause, ’till Davy assured me that what his people received was not sufficient, and that to his certain knowledge several of them would often be without a mouthful for a day, and (if they did not ’eke it out) sometimes two days, before they were served again; whilst they (the Negros) on the other hand assured me, most positively, that what I suspected—namely feeding their fowls with it, or sharing it with strange Negros—was not founded. Like complaints were made by the People at Dogue run and at Union farm; which altogether hurt my feelings too much to suffer this matter to go on without a remedy. Or at least a thorough investigation into the cause, & justice of their complaints; for to delay justice is to deny it. It became necessary therefore to examine into the foundation of

the complaints, at once, and not to wait until a pretext should offer to increase the allowance. Justice wanted no pretext, nor would admit of delay. If the application for more was unjust no alteration at all, ought to have been made; for, as I at first observed, I am no more disposed to squander, than to stint; but surely the case is not so difficult but that the true & just quantity may be ascertained; which is all they have a right to ask, or I will allow them. Neither the people at River Plantation, nor any about the M. Ho. did; to the best of my recollection make any complaints—but only knowing the quantity of meal which was served to them, and not the number of mouths that were to be fed with it, I supposed—especially in the latter case (the first having little opportunity of making known their wants as I was not more than once or twice on the Farm) that enough was allowed them. I have been thus particular, because I would wish to be clearly & fully understood on this head, that you may act accordingly.
I am surprized to find by your letter that the Gardener has thoughts of leaving me; For when I was last at home, he put the question himself to know if I would retain him; and being answered that I had no desire to part with him, he said he was very glad of it. I did not, it is true, nor did he say on what terms; but took it for granted it would be at the wages of his last year, with a just & proper allowance for the Services rendered by his wife, which I always intended, and am still willing to make. It becomes necessary, however, to know immediately & decidedly too, what his intentions are; & when his term expires; that, if he is not disposed to remain upon such & lay as I like, I may take measures in time to supply his place. I wish you therefore (after communicating the unexpectedness of his intention to go) to apply in my name, & know what I have to depend upon. He, like many others, I presume has golden dreams, which nothing but experience can demonstrate to be the vision only of an uninformed, or undigested imagination. Time, & the expences arising from Rent—Provisions to be purchased—Liquor, of which probably he will take too much—Fuell—and a hundred other items of which probably he has never estimated, will convince him—-too late perhaps—that he has left a safe & easy birth to embark on a troubled Ocean. where, soon, he may find no rest.
What colour & Sex is the Coach Mare’s Colt with you? Nancy

(the other Coach Mare) foaled on Whit monday in like manner. Take great care of the one with you. What is become of those mules set apart for my use, & how do they look? let them be kept well. I am Your friend

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to the Baltimore Merchants and Traders, 27 May 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Baltimore Merchants and Traders

Gentlemen
⟨Philad. May 27, 1793.⟩

At this eventful period when caution must be united with firmness to preserve to the United States the blessings of peace, & at the same time to maintain our rights as an independent nation, it affords me no small degree of satisfaction to find that my endeavours to promote these objects, by declaring the neutrality of the U. States, has met your approbation. While the measures of this Government are taken upon Constitutional ground, & have for their object the public good, it would be injurious to our enlightened Citizens not to rely upon their countenance & support in carrying them into effect.

George Washington.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 27 May 1793
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] May 27—1793.

Th: Jefferson has the honor to inclose to the President, (among other papers,) those relating to a commercial treaty with France, and to the reimbursement of the French debt, being translations of the communications of mister Genet on those subjects.


Title: To George Washington from Johann Eckstein, 28 May 1793
From: Eckstein, Johann
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Potsdam [Prussia] 28th May, 1793.

You will please to excuse the freedom I take in addressing to you a few lines. I beg leave to make known to you that I am now at Potsdam as carver and portrait painter to the king of Prussia, and as I wish to remove myself with my wife and family to America, I am not without hopes of meeting with encouragement in that country, in my profession, under your patronage.

As the expences of travelling, and making a voyage to America are great, I should be extremely happy would your excellency be so kind as to pay my passage to Philadelphia, where I mean to spend the remainder of my days, provided I could meet your approbation. I have a son that understands architecture and Surveying to the greatest degree of perfection. I should be very happy to be enabled to get to America, that the public might have an opportunity of witnessing my ingenuity, in the line of carver and portrait painter. I therefore earnestly beg your excellency would consider my situation, and assist me in paying my passage to Philadelphia. A Letter directed to Mess. Robrahn and Hildebrandt in Hamburgh would Soon reach me. I Subscribe myself—&c.

John Eckstein


Title: Cabinet Opinion on Georgia and the Creek Indians, 29 May 1793
From: Cabinet
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] May 29th 1793

The President of the United States having assembled the heads of the respective departments and the attorney General, laid before them for their advice thereon, sundry communications from the Governor of Georgia, and others, relatively to the recent alarming depredations of the creek Indians upon the state of Georgia.
Whereupon after the subject was maturely considered and discussed it was unanimously advised
  That the Governor of Georgia be informed that from considerations

relative to foreign powers, and the pending treaty with the Northern Indians, it is deemed adviseable for the present, to avoid offensive expeditions into the Indian Country. But from the nature of the late appearances, it is thought expedient to encrease the force to be kept up for defensive purposes. The President therefore authorises, the calling into, and keeping in service, in addition to the troops heretofore stationed in Georgia, one hundred horse, and one hundred infantry, to be employed in repelling inroads as circumstances shall require. As it does not yet appear that the whole nation of the creeks, is engaged in hostility, it is confided that this force will be sufficient for the object designated. The case of a serious invasion of the territory of Georgia, by large bodies of Indians must be referred to the provisions of the constitution. The proceeding with efficacy in future requires absolutely, that no unnecessary Expence should be incurred in the mean time.
The above corps of horse to be raised for any period of time not exceeding twelve Months as may be found most practicable, subject to be dismissed at any time sooner as the government may think fit. The infantry to be called into service according to the course of the militia Laws endevoring to secure their continuance in service for the like term.
That General Pickens be invited to repair to the seat of Government, for the purpose of information and consultation; a proper compensation for his expences, and loss of time to be allowed.
That a further supply of one thousand arms with correspondent accoutrements be forwarded to the state of Georgia. Arms and accoutrements, for the cavalry to be also provided and forwarded.
That an agent be sent to the Creeks to endevor to adjust the surrender of those Indians who have lately committed murders on the citizens of Georgia; to conciliate, and secure such of the Indians as may be well disposed to the United States in the event of a war with the Creek nation, and if possible to prevent that extremety.

Th: Jefferson
H. Knox
Edm: Randolph
Alexandr Hamilton


Title: To George Washington from Arthur Campbell, 29 May 1793
From: Campbell, Arthur
To: Washington, George

Sir
Washington [County] V[a]. May 29th 1793.

If the sentiments of a Society of Whigs, who acted an uniform part in favour of the American Revolution, can be of any use to you, at this singular crisis of political events: I will with pleasure occasionally transmit them.
They Say.
1. That the death of Louis of France, ought not to be a cause,

of invasion, of that Country, from other nations, much more, it ought not to be ground of quarrel, or even extraordinary reserve, on the part of the United States.
2. That the Treaty of 1778, is obligatory on the Citizens of the United States; if the present authority of France, recognize it unequivocally, in all its parts.
3. A reasonable neutrality, seems the wisest policy at present, for America; and when acceptable to any, a friendly offer of its mediation for peace.
4. But if we must be made a party in the War, for no other reason, but for paying our debt to the French, and transporting our produce to them. Our choice of Allies, ought to be our old Friends, now republicans.
5. Most conclude, that all our negociations with the Indians, will not produce safety to our frontiers, until the hostile Tribes are humbled, by a defeat in their own Country; especially the inimical part of the Southern nations. With every sentiment of Respect, I have the honor to be, Sir, your most Obedient servant

Arthur Campbell


Title: From George Washington to Robert Townsend Hooe, 29 May 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Hooe, Robert Townsend

Dr Sir,
Philada May 29th 1793.

Your favor of the 23d inst: came to my hands by the Post of yesterday.
I agree to take your offer for my flour; & will order mister whitting (my manager) to see & make arrangements with you for the delivery in Alexandria of the part which is at my mill. I wish, however,

as Hay-time & harvest is, or soon will be heavy upon me, it had suited you equally, to have received it at my mill, or in the River opposite thereto.
I accept your offer, Sir, because I am unable, at present, to attend to the markets, & not because flour has experienced the temporary fall mentioned in your letter of the above-date; for I consider that as no more than the result of a momentary circumstance—it being well known, to me at least—that the real demand for this article in the European markets is encreasing. Want of Vessels to take it off at the moment you wrote might have occasioned a fall—that has been the case here at times, & within a few days it would be up again higher than ever.
I thank you for the information of Shepherd’s intention to apply to the Court of Loudoun County for the purpose of having some of my Land on Difficult-run condemned for his benefit. I had heard of it before; & on my way to this City last October I wrote a letter to Colo. Powell on the occasion, of which the enclosed is a copy, but having received no acknowledgement thereof I presume it never reached his hands—therefore, if you can aid me in doing what is there required of him, it will be rendering a very acceptable service to, Dr Sir, Yr mot obt Servt

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Anthony Whitting, 29 May 1793 [letter not found]
From: Whitting, Anthony
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Anthony Whitting, 29 May 1793. On 2 June, GW wrote Whitting, “Your letter of the 29th Ulto is received.”


Title: From George Washington to Anthony Whitting, 29 May 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Whitting, Anthony

Mr Whiting,
Philadelphia May 29th 1793.

I have consented, in a letter written to Colo. Hooe this day, to accept his offer for all the fine and super-fine flour I have; and

am to deliver that which is in my Mill, to him in Alexandria. The sooner therefore you set about it the better, as he is to have a certain number of days credit and may (though I do not know that he will) count these from the time of delivery, instead of my acceptance of his offer. Perhaps it might be well for you to see him immediately after this letter gets to your hand, and make arrangements with him for the mode & time of Delivery. The sooner this is done the better, as in his letter to me he mentions his intention of going to Loudoun soon.
I do not expect the thing, but if you could persuade him to receive the Flour either at the Mill—in the River opposite to it—or aid in getting it up, it wd be very desirable as Hay & Harvest will be on your hands & will press; but neither of these you can insist upon, as by the offer, and my acceptance of it, I am obliged to deliver the flour in Alexa.—and the sooner it is out of your hands the better. I remain your friend

Go: Washington

P.S. I have this moment purchased 400 weight of Clover Seed which will go round by a Vessel now up for Alexa.⟨—⟩but don’t let this prevent you from saving all you can yourself—for these purchases fall very heavy upon me.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 30 May 1793
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] May 30. 93.

Th: Jefferson has the honor to inclose to the President French copies of the communications of mister Genet on the subject of our debt to France, as they will convey his sense perhaps more faithfully to the Secretary of the treasury should the President think proper to refer them to him. he has changed the expression in the close of the 2d paragraph of the letter to mister Van Berkel, so as to leave less room to doubt but that indemnification

to the individual may be required should the case require it, as such an indemnification will be an accomodation of our strict right.


Title: Henry Knox to Tobias Lear, 30 May 1793
From: Knox, Henry
To: Lear, Tobias

Dear Sir
Philadelphia 30th May 1793

Be pleased to submit the enclosed letter just received from the Governor of Georgia. Yours

H. Knox


Title: To George Washington from John Fitzgerald, 31 May 1793
From: Fitzgerald, John
To: Washington, George

Sir
Alexandria [Va.] May 31st 1793

I am duly honor’d by the receipt of your Duplicate under Cover of your letter of 24th Inst. since when I have made the most diligent enquiry rispecting the flour & Tobacco, & cannot say any thing more flattering on the Subject than was contain’d in my letter by Saturday’s Post, which I hope you have e’er this received—indeed I have not been actually offer’d more than 31/ & 33/ @ 90 days but I have some hopes that I may get 32/ & 34 if you chuse to accept it.
The rainy weather has prevented my getting some of the Merchants to look at a Hhd or two of your Tobacco as I intended but will effect it as soon as the weather will permit—this may (if not tend to a Sale) serve to determine what I mention’d respecting a Removal of it to Georgetown. with sincere personal attachment I have the honor to be Sir your mo. Obedt Hble Servant

John Fitzgerald


Title: Tobias Lear to Thomas Jefferson, 31 May 1793
From: Lear, Tobias
To: Jefferson, Thomas

[Philadelphia] May 31st 1793

By the President’s command T. Lear has the honor to return to the Secretary of State, the draughts & Copies of letters which he sent to the President this day—And to inform the Secretary, that the President is so much indisposed that he does not think he shall be able to meet the Gentlemen at his House tomorrow (the President having had a high fever upon him for 2 or 3 days past, and it still continuing unabated)—he therefore desires that the Secretary of State will request the Attendance of the other Heads of the Departments & the Attorney General at his Office tomorrow, and lay before them, for their consideration &

opinion, such matters as he would have wished to have brought to their view if they had met at the President’s—and let the President know the results of their deliberations thereon.
The President likewise directs T. Lear to send to the Secrety of State the Opinions of the Gentlemen expressed at their last meeting on the subject of Indian Affairs in Georgia, for their signature tomorrow, and to have the blank, which is left therein to limit the time of the service of the troops, filled up.
Also a note from the Attorney General relative to certain communications from Baltimore, which the President thinks shd be laid before the Gentlemen.

Tobias Lear.Secretary to the President of the United States.


Title: Henry Knox to Tobias Lear, 31 May 1793
From: Knox, Henry
To: Lear, Tobias

Dear Sir.
[Philadelphia] May 31st 1793

Will you please to submit to the President of the United States, the enclosed extract of a letter from major Craig, dated at Pittsburg the 24th instant. Your’s sincerely

H. Knox


Title: Henry Knox to Tobias Lear, 31 May 1793
From: Knox, Henry
To: Lear, Tobias

Dear Sir
[Philadelphia] 31 May 1793.

Agreably to the directions of the President of the United States I transmit you the minutes of the proceedings on the 29th instant.
Please to inform the President that Colonel Willet declines the preferred Mission to the Creeks, on the ground, that his broken leg will not admit his bearing the fatigues of the Journey. I am Dear Sir Your affectionate humble Servant

H. Knox


Title: To George Washington from the Citizens of Salem, Massachusetts, 31 May 1793
From: Citizens of Salem, Massachusetts
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Salem [Mass.] May 31st 1793

Fully and deeply impressed with the wisdom, propriety and policy of the measure, which you have lately adopted in issuing your proclamation, wherein it is declared that the duty and interest of the united States require, that they should with sincerity, and good faith adopt and pursue a conduct, friendly and impartial

towards the Belligerent powers therein mentioned; And Contemplating with heartfelt sorrow The Calamities and distresses of Mankind invariably accompanying and necessarily incident to a State of War, and at the same time viewing with the most pleasing and grateful emotions the happy and flourishing situation of these States, under the present excellent constitution, in the administration of which so much is due to your integrity, impartiality and wisdom ever watchful to promote the true interests of the Citizens thereof.
We the Freeholders & other Inhabitants of the Town of Salem in Massachusetts, legally & duly met in town Meeting, cannot refrain from thus unanimously expressing to you the pleasure & Satisfaction, which we received on Seeing that proclamation; And are induced to take the earliest Opportunity of Assuring you, of our fixed, and determined resolution of strictly complying with its object, and discountenancing and discouraging the attempts of all persons, who regardless of their duty, & willing to injure the true interests of these States, shall Act in any Manner contrary to the injunctions therein contained; And permit us further to add, that from our knowledge of the Sentiments of our fellow Citizens in this part of our Common Country, We have no doubt, that the watchfulness, and paternal care, of the Supreme Magistrate, of the united States, aided, & assisted by the exertions of the peaceable, and good Citizens thereof, will effectually prevent the Smallest deviations from the Strictest Neutrality, will restore, preserve, and keep our infant Republick in the cheering and fostering bosom of peace, And make and continue us the friends and brothers of the great family of Mankind.
Committee in behalf and by Order of the Town of Salem

            Elias Hasket Derby
            Edward Augustus Holyoke
            Saml Gray

            George Dodge
            William Gray jur
            Ebenr Beckford

            Benja. Pickman
            Joseph White
            Elias Hasket Derby Junr

            Jno. Fisk
            William Orne
            Jerath[mee]l Peirce

            John Norris
            Jona. Ingersoll
            Joshua Ward

            Jacob Ashton
            Simon Forrister
            Joseph Sprague


Title: To George Washington from Warner Washington III, 31 May 1793
From: Washington, Warner III
To: Washington, George

Sir,
[Philadelphia] May 31st 93

If I was not convinced of your benevolence from the consent of every one, I should not dare apply to you with the history of an embarrasment I am under. Without preface then, I am to inform you, that in consequence of not having heard from home (from What accident or miscarriage I am at a loss to decide) for almost five months—I have contracted a number of debts, which are urged against me for immediate payment, in so much, that a Quaker, with whom I lodged has threaten’d me with a prosecution—and a tradesman with a warrant. I am in this City—a Student of medicine with Dr Rush—but without any kind of connection with, or dependance on, any one—to whom I can make this application if your generosity rejects me; if, therefore, Sir, you will have the goodness to advance me the Sum of 300 Dollars—you will release me from a situation the most distresing—and I will return it with Certainty, when ever my father enables me to do so.
Dr Rush (every one) can witness for me that those I mention (a very small portion excepted) are not debts of extravagance—and those—not of criminality.
I am, I believe personally unknown to you, and I blush—that

I am So, for I believe you knew my Grandfather, and I have often heard him speak of you in terms of the highest respect.
You will easily believe that nothing but the most urgent and immediate necessity could have forced me to this step—and I made the application to you in preference to all Men, first because, it was my hope you would be the most ready—next my father to relieve me, and, Next because I have the honor to be your countryman.
Your own delicacy—Sir, will dictate how much you will add to the obligation, by not comminicating this. I am Sir—with every Sentiment of Esteem and veneration for the virtues of your character—Your Most Obt Servt

Warner Washington


Title: To George Washington from Anthony Whitting, 31 May 1793 [letter not found]
From: Whitting, Anthony
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Anthony Whitting, 31 May 1793. GW, in his letter to Whitting of 9 June, wrote that “I have received your letters of the 31st of May & 5th instant.”


Title: To George Washington from Samuel A. Otis, Jr., May 1793
From: Otis, Samuel A. Jr.
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Cape Francois [Saint Domingue] May 1793

Impress’d with the most perfect sense of your every attention to the interests of the Citizens of America, in every part of the world I am induced to observe that in the present state of European Politics, the appointment of Consul from the United States to the Island of St Domingo, would be of great benefit to the Commercial interests of America: should you in your wisdom be pleased to take this subject into consideration I take the liberty to observe that from a residence of seven years and a commercial establishment of two years in this place, I am induced to

solicit the appointment above mention’d, with assurances that should you in your wisdom see proper to grant my request, my every exertion shall be used to prove myself worthy of th[e] confidence reposed in me, and of the honor of subscribing myself with Sentiments of respe[ct] and Gratitude Sir Your respectful, and very humble Se[rvt]

Saml. A. Otis J[r.]


Title: To George Washington from William Augustine Washington, May 1793 [letter not found]
From: Washington, William Augustine
To: Washington, George

  Letter not found: from William Augustine Washington, May 1793. GW wrote Anthony Whitting on 2 June that “Colo. Washington wrote to me a few days ago” to report that “one load of lime & two of Shells” had been delivered.


Title: From George Washington to the Cabinet, 1 June 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Cabinet

Sir,
[Philadelphia] June 1st 1793.

The propriety of sending an agent among the Chicasaws & Choctaws—talk of, but not resolved on the other day—may undergo further consideration at your present meeting; and a decision come to for, or against the measure.

Go: Washington


Title: Cabinet Opinion on French Privateers, 1 June 1793
From: Cabinet
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia, 1 June 1793]

On the letters & papers from Genl Williams & Colo. Smith. It is the opinion that the writers be informed that with respect to vessels armed & equipped in the ports of the U.S. before notice to the contrary was given, the President is taking measures for obliging them to depart from the ports of the U.S. and that all such equipments in future are forbidden: but that as to the prizes taken by them, no power less than that of the legislature can prohibit their sale. that as the Attorney General is to pass through Baltimore shortly, it is better that this answer be given verbally by him, any other gentleman being free to do the same in writing in his private capacity. also that they be informed that measures are taken for punishing such citizens as have engaged in hostilities by sea against nations at peace with the U.S.


Title: Cabinet Opinion on Sending an Agent to the Choctaws, 1–5 June 1793
From: Cabinet,Jefferson, Thomas,Knox, Henry,Randolph, Edmund,Hamilton, Alexander
To: Washington, George

 [Philadelphia] June 1[–5]. 1793.

That an Agent be sent to the Choctaw nation to endeavor secretly to engage them to support the Chickasaws in their present

war with the Creeks, giving them for that purpose arms and ammunition sufficient: and that it be kept in view that if we settle our differences amicably with the Creeks, we at the same time mediate effectually the peace of the Chickasaws & Choctaws, so as to rescue the former from the difficulties in which they are engaged, and the latter from those into which we may have been instrumental in engaging them.

Th: Jefferson H. Knox

Altho’ I approve of the general policy of employing Indians against Indians; yet I doubt greatly, whether it ought to be exercised under the particular existing circumstances with Spain; who may hold herself bound to take the part of the Creeks, and criminate the U.S. for some degree of insincerity.
Edm: Randolph.
My judgment ballanced a considerable time on the proposed measure; but it has at length decided against it, and very materially on the ground that I do not think the U. States can honorably or morally or with good policy embark the Chocktaws in the War, without a determination to extricate them from the consequences even by force. Accordingly it is proposed that in settling our differences with the Creeks, “we mediate effectually the peace of the Chickesaws and Choctaws” which I under⟨stand⟩ to mean, that we are to insist with the Creeks o⟨n⟩ such terms of peace for them a[s] shall appear to us equitable, and if refused will exert ourse⟨lves⟩ to procure them by arms. I am unwilling, all circumstances foreign and domestic considered, to embarrass the Government, with such an obligati⟨on⟩.
Alex. Hamilton


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Jefferson, 1 June 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Jefferson, Thomas

Sir,
Philadelphia June 1st 1793

To call upon Mr Hammond without further delay for the result of the reference to his Court concerning the surrender of the Western Posts—or to await the decision of the trial at Richmond on the subject of British debts before it be done, is a question on which my mind has been divided for sometime.
If your own judgment is not clear in favor of one, or the other, it is my desire, as the heads of the Departments are now together, that you would take their opinion thereupon, & act accordingly.

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Anthony Whitting, 2 June 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Whitting, Anthony

Mr Whiting,
Philadelphia June 2d 1793.

Your letter of the 29th Ulto is received.
It gives me pain to find by it, that the Rains which you have had has gullied the fields more than they were. I wish, as I did on former information of this kind, that, if it be practicable, these breaches could be repaired, always, as soon as they happen. Unless this is done, in time, they grow worse & worse, until the fields are disfigured, and in a manner ruined by them.
If you have had as much rain with you, as has been here the week past, your apprehensions on acct of the Wheat will have undergone no diminution: for I think the Sun has not been seen here since Monday last—raining more or less the whole time, with the wind invariably at East. Is there any danger of the grain lodging? that is the case here. I am affraid Rust will get among it also.
Does your Corn stand well, and grow fast? and have you been able with so much wet to keep it clean?
It is the duty of the Miller, the moment he has closed his annual Manufacture, to render me an exact Acct thereof; & this, let him

know I expect he will do without delay, & with exactitude, with his signature annexed to it. Charging the Mill with every bushel of Wheat that has been received into it, & from whence; and at the Alexandria price for large Crops: & crediting it with all the Superfine & fine flour that has been made; the first at 34/. & the other at 32/. pr barl—with all the Midlings, Shipstuff, Shorts & Bran, at what they have actually sold—or would sell for. Such an Acct as this, is the only true criterian by which to decide whether I have gained or lost by Manufacturing my Crop. The trial of 100 bushels was only for an experiment, to enable me to judge before hand, whether it would have been best to have sold, or manufactured my Wheat. Nor is cleaning of it in the manner you speak of, a way to make the experiment a fair one. A hundd bushels of such Wheat as would have been indisputably merchantable in Alexandria, without extra: cleaning to bring it to 60 lbs. pr bushl or any other given weight, ought to have been the exact quality for this experiment; because every oz. of this, whether shrivelled or light, dust or what not, would have gone into the measure, & so much pr Bushl or pr lb. would have been allowed for it at that place; whereas if you extract all this & make up the quantity afterwards 100 bushls, the profit by Manufacturing will unquestionably appear greater than it is in reallity: because what is blown away by the different operations for cleaning in the Mill is a deduction from the Wheat if Sold in grain, and no addition to it when manufactured. I mention this to guard you against deception in the experiment you were about to make with the 100 bushls (cleaned in the manner you speak of) which you had prepar’d for grinding. Repeating again, that to ascertain this point now, or at any time hereafter, the Wheat with which the experiment is made, should receive no other cleaning than such as to give it a good character with the Mercht; if sold in grain; because all that is blown out of it at the Mill is lost; unless the Millers Poultry, or my Hogs derive a benefit from it.
In my last I informed you of my intention of sending the spike nails from hence. These, with a Tonn of Iron, Medicines, & several other things will go by the first Vessel that will sail after I receive your answer to the queries therein contained.
When Reuben finishes the work he is now engaged in, have his trowel taken from him & put into the Store—The same might be done with Mucluss at least if not Davis or I shall have new ones

to buy whenever they engage in fresh work; for these things, if not lost or stolen, are frequently sold for their own emolument. How does the brick work of the New Barn advance? Is the whole wall raised equally? and in that case, how many course of Brick is it up?
Perhaps it might have been better if the Shells were good, & at the landing, to have taken them; unless you were under engagements to the first man—because, if they are removed out of the tides way, & the washings of the Road, they will receive no injury from time; & the plague we have had hitherto to get any, & the expense of Stone lime which I have been driven to the necessity of buying at an enormous price, would make one wish to avoid the like difficulties again. Colo. Washington wrote to me a few days ago, informing me that the man he had engaged to supply me, had delivered one load of lime & two of Shells, about, as he supposed, 500 bushls each load; & wished to know how many more I should want; adding, that Branson (I think that is the mans name) complains that 25/ for live Shells as good as his, was not enough: wanting 27/6 for what he might thereafter deliver. I answered, if the shells were really live ones & good, I should not stand for the difference; & thought one load more might answer all my purposes; but you may take two according to the experience you have had of the consumption to the 1000 bricks—and perhaps it had better be done at all events as a store of what can neither waste nor spoil, will be no sore.
 I am not, from recollection, able to find out what Green is sawing Plank⟨s⟩ for. If my memory serves me, all the Plank for the New Barn was to have been purchased—except the 2½ Inch square pieces for the treading floor. Worthless as he is, I am sorry to hear of the accident that has happended to him—& hope, however, appearances might have been at the time, that he will not, ultimately, loose more than the finger; which you say is actually off.
Perceiving by the Reports that the Ditchers have been employed in repairing the Post & Rail fence from the Tumbling Dam to the Mill, I hope they have done it well. It is the only attonement they have it in their power to make me for the villainous manner in which it was done at first; & for which they ought to have been severely punished; but no more so than him, under whose Superintendence they worked.

Having my Book of Accts with me, I find Wm Gray stands regularly charged with the Rents; but I find also, that by the Settlement made the 5th of October last, by my deceased Nephew, in which he (Gray) is credited for all his work—for fowls &ca up to the 13th of Septr—that he was indebted to me at £13.15.11. besides some expence for Slays over & above the money he gave Osborne to buy them with. I mention this matter, because, it is more than probable he will not be the first to do it himself; but under your supposed unacquaintedness with the fact, will be applying for money as fast, & to the amount of his weaving, without ever casting an eye back—or thinking of paying off old scores with it.
I never was more surprized than to find only 1457 lbs. of wool from the Shearing of 568 Sheep (2½ pound pr Fleece only). From the beginning of the year 1784 when I returned from the Army, until Shearing time of 1788, I improved the breed of my Sheep so much by buying, & selecting the best formed, & most promising Rams & putting them to my best Ewes—by keeping them always well culled & clean—and by other attentions—that they averaged me as will appear by Mr Lears Acct (my present Secretary, and) who then lived with me, rather over than under five pounds of washed wool each. And in the year 1789, being requested by Mr Arthur Young to send him a fleece of my Wool, I desired my Nephew to see that Mr Bloxham took one from a Sheep of average appearance at Shearing time, & send it to New York where I then was, to be forwarded to that Gentleman. This was accordingly done & weighed 5¼. How astonished must I be then at the miserable change that has taken place since; and but for the caution I gave you to guard against the roguery of my Negros who, formerly, have been detected in similar practices; I should have concluded at once that between the time of taking the Wool from the Sheep & the delivery of it into your hands a very large toll indeed had been taken from each fleece; for I do not suppose (for fear of detection) that whole fleeces would be taken; the number from each Farm being known. I hope, and expect they will be got up again to their former standard, as I know it to be practicable with care and attention to do it; particularly with respect to the Rams. It is painful to receive no report unaccompanied with the death of some of these Animals; and I believe No Man is more unlucky in the deaths, or in the

Accidents to Horses than I am; for I am continually loosing them by one means or another.
Colo. Fitzgerald has been obliging enough to tell me, that if, at any time, you should need information in any matter that he can aid you, he will give it with great pleasure. As he is a well informed Man & an old acquaintance of mine, I wish you to avail yourself of his offer. With respect to my Tobacco, he is of opinion, that if it is of the quality I am taught to believe it to be—was put up dry—and looked well when last examined—that I had better remove it to the Inspection at George town at which, if it would pass, I might expect 40 prCt more than where it is—I have answered, that I would desire you to call on him the first time you go to Alexandria with such information on these several points as you may know yourself & can obtain from those who Inspected it in the first instance & have examined it since. These Facts ought to be well ascertained before any attempt be made to remove the Tobacco—for the Inspectors at George town are very strict, and no Tobacco that is not of a good quality—well handled—& put up dry will pass—I ought therefore to be pretty certain that mine will stand these tests; otherwise I should get out of the frying pan into the fire.
By the reports (if I mistake not) the Roan—or which may perhaps distinguish her more clearly—the Mad Mare, has had a Mule Colt this Spring; but I do not know whether it is by the Young Jack or the Knight of Malta, nor is it very material if the colour suits. This with the Spring Mules from the two Coach Mares, must promise three very fine ones; if a fourth of proper colour from a good, & well looking Mare either of this or the last Spring can be selected, it is my wish that every possible care be taken of them and their dams, to keep the first in the highest order. Has the lame Chariot Mare (left at home two years ago, & now I believe at River Farm) a Colt? from her one would be valuable—There is another valuable Mare wch I have drove, & I believe is at the Mansion Ho. that must furnish a good Colt if she has any[.] I request also that those whh were selected last year may meet with proper care and attention, as I am exceedingly anxious to get a set to drive, but fear I never shall, for it appears to me, as if they were converted to the Plow as soon as they arrive at the age of three, and I left to have recourse to a younger set,

and so on; which practice, if continued must cut me out for ever. I wish you well and am Your friend

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Alexander Hamilton, 3 June 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Hamilton, Alexander

Sir,
[Philadelphia] 3d June 1793.

The question of admitting modifications of the debt of the U.S. to France, having been the subject of consultation with the heads of the Departments & the Attorney General, and an unanimous opinion given thereon which involves the enclosed propositions from the French Minister, you will be pleased, under the form of a report to me, to prepare what may serve as an Answer, making it conformable to the opinion already given.

Go. Washington


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Hamilton, 3 June 1793
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Treasury Departmt 3d June 1793.

The failure of the late enterprize against the United Netherlands may be expected to have made a favourable alteration, in regard to the prospects of obtaining Loans there for the United States. Such an expectation is also countenanced by a late letter from our bankers at Amsterdam, which however as yet gives no certainty, that can be a basis of operation.
The existing instructions from this Department to mister Short do not extend beyond two millions of florins. A comprehensive view of the affairs of the United States, in various relations, appears to me to recommend a still further loan, if obtainable. Yet I do not think it adviseable to take the step, by virtue of the general powers from you, without your special approbation; particularly as there is little probability that the loan can be effected on better terms than five per Cent Interest and four per cent charges. The further loan which I should contemplate, would embrace 3,000,000 of florins. With perfect respect I am &c.

A. Hamilton


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 3 June 1793
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] June 3. 1793.

Th: Jefferson has the honour to inclose to the President a letter from the Director of the Mint, containing a general statement of the expenditure of the last monies furnished, & an application of a further sum of 5000. D.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 3 June 1793
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] June 3. 93.

Th: Jefferson respectfully submits to the President the draught of a letter to mister Hammond on the subject of the prizes taken by the Charleston privateers. Mr Randolph has read & approved it. he has had no opportunity of communicating it to the Secretaries

of the Treasury & War. the former is still prevented from coming to town by the situation of his family.


Title: To George Washington from Veritas, 3 June 1793
From: Veritas (pseudonym)
To: Washington, George

No. II.
To the PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES.

SIR,
June 3. [1793]

IN countries where the people have little or no share in the government, (as in Great Britain for instance) it is not uncommon for the executive to act in direct opposition to the will of the nation. It is to be hoped that the practice of apeing the absurd and tyrannical systems of Britain, though already carried to an alarming extent in this country, will never proceed so far, as to induce our executive to try the vain experiment of officially opposing the national will. An attempt of this kind, at present, would be scouted with deserved contempt, and bring ruin on its author; and such must continue to be the case, unless government shall be able to establish so much corrupt influence as, with the aid of bayonet-logic, will be sufficient to support it, in defiance of the people.
Had you, Sir, before you ventured to issue a proclamation which appears to have given much uneasiness, consulted the general sentiments of your fellow-citizens, you would have found

them, from one extremity of the Union to the other, firmly attached to the cause of France. You would not have found them disposed to consider it as a “duty” to forget their debt of gratitude to the French nation; or to view with unconcern, the maganimous efforts of a faithful ally, to baffle the infernal projects of those despots who have confederated for the purpose of crushing her infant liberty. Neither would you have found them so far divested of the feelings of men as to treat with “impartiality,” and equal “friendship,” those tigers, who so lately deluged our country with the blood of thousands, and the men who generously flew to her rescue and became her deliverers. No, Sir—had even no written treaty existed between France and the United States, still would the strongest ties of amity have united the people of both nations; still would the republican citizens of America have regarded Frenchmen, contending for liberty, as their brethren; still would they have sympathized with them in their misfortunes, and have exulted in their success. Such, unquestionably, is the disposition of the generality of the people of the United States with respect to the French revolution. To such a people it would have been a pleasing circumstance, to have been able to discover in the proclamation a recognition of the treaties with France. That so little attention has been paid to the clamours which have arisen on this subject, in various parts of the Union, is to be lamented by every friend to the general government. Had you, Sir, considered the importance of retaining your popularity, you would, perhaps, have listened to the murmurs of the citizens; and have deigned to give them such explanations as might appear necessary to clear up the doubts which yet distract their minds. If this would have been descending too far, the secretary might have been authorized to satisfy the doubts or correct the mistakes of the people.
It ought never to be forgotten by our magistrates, that popular opinion is the basis of our government; and that when any public measure is not well understood, it would be by no means degrading to the authors of that measure, however exalted their station, to explain. Let me intreat you, Sir, to deal candidly with the people; and, without loss of time, to remove their anxiety, by informing them whether it is intended that the treaties with France are to be observed or not.

I am aware, Sir, that some court-satellites may have deceived you, with respect to the sentiments of your fellow citizens. The first magistrate of a country, whether he be called a king or a president, seldom knows the real state of the nation, particularly if he be so much buoyed up by official importance, as to think it beneath his dignity to mix occasionally with the people. Let me caution you, Sir, to beware that you do not view the state of the public mind, at this critical moment, through a fallacious medium. Let not the little buzz of the aristocratic few, and their contemptible minions, of speculators, tories, and British emissaries, be mistaken for the exalted and general voice of the American people. The spirit of 1776 is again roused; and soon shall be mushroom-lordlings of the day, the enemies of American as well as French liberty, be taught that American whigs of 1776, will not suffer French patriots of 1792, to be vilified with impunity, by the common enemies of both.

VERITAS.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 4 June 1793
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] June 4. 1793.

Th: Jefferson has the honor to inclose to the President the draught of a letter to mister Pinckney. also the paper sent to him for the signatures now put to it.


Title: From George Washington to Warner Washington III, 4 June 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Washington, Warner III

Sir,
Philada 4th June 1793.

I have been too much indisposed since the receipt of your letter of the 31st ulto to give it an earlier acknowledgment.
Placing, as you do, the want of supplies to some interruption of the communication with your father, I promise, if you will entrust a letter to him under my cover, that it shall reach his hands in ten days from the date.
I prefer doing this to advancing money myself (even if the latter was convenient for me)—first, because I have good reasons to

believe that the allowance made you, by your father, is as much as he conceives necessary, or as can reasonably be afforded by him—beyond which your expenditures ought not to extend. and secondly, because I think there would be an impropriety in the act of another to furnish the means for a young man to exceed these limits. I am &c.

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Jefferson, 5 June 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Jefferson, Thomas

Dear Sir,
[Philadelphia, 5 June 1793]

The Secretary of the Treasury left the enclosed to day (without my seeing him) and is to call to morrow morning to know how it is approved, or what alterations to make.
Whether to assign, or not to assign reasons for non-complying with the French Ministers proposals in one question—and the footing on which to decline doing it another—I wish you to consider these & if it is not convenient for you to take Breakfast

with me at half past Seven tomorrow—to send in the Report, with your sentiments thereon by that time. I sent to your Office for this purpose to day but you had just left the City. Yours always

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 5 June 1793
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

   [Philadelphia] 5th June 1793

   Th: Jefferson with his respects to the President has the honor to enclose him the answer to his note of yesterday. Should any article of it need explanation, he will be at the orders of the President for that purpose to do it either verbally or in writing.


Title: Enclosure Thomas Jefferson’s First Opinion on a New Foreign Loan, 5 June 1793
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To:

 [Philadelphia] June 5. 1793.

 Instructions having been given to borrow 2. millions of florins in Holland, & the Secretary of the Treasury proposing to open a further loan of 3. millions of florins, which he says “a comprehensive view of the affairs of the U.S. in various relations, appears to him to recommend,” the President is pleased to ask Whether I see any objections to the proposition?
 The power to borrow money is confided to the President by the two acts of the 4th & 12th of Aug. 90. and the monies, when borrowed, are appropriated to two purposes only; to wit, the 12. millions, to be borrowed under the former, are appropriated

 to discharge the arrears of interest & instalments of the foreign debt; & the 2. millions, under the latter, to the purchase of the public debt, under direction of the Trustees of the sinking fund.
 These appropriations render very simple the duties of the President in the discharge of this trust. he has only to look to the payment of the foreign debt, & purchase, of the general one. and in order to judge for himself of the necessity of the loan proposed for effecting these two purposes, he will need from the Treasury the following statements.

 A. a Statement of the Nett amount of the loans already made under these acts, adding to that the 2,000,000 florins, now in a course of being borrowed. this will form the Debet of the Trust.
 The Credit side of the account will consist of the following statements, to wit.
 B. Amount of the Principal & Interest of foreign debt, paid & payable, to the close of 1792.
 C. do payable to the close of 1793.
 D. do payable to the close of 1794 (for I think our preparations should be a year beforehand.)
 E. Amount of monies necessary for the Sinking fund to the end of 1794.
 If the amount of the 4. last articles exceeds the 1st it will prove a further loan necessary, & to what extent The Treasury alone can furnish these statements with perfect accuracy. but to shew that there is probable cause to go into the examination, I will hazard a statement from materials, which tho’ perhaps not perfectly exact, are not much otherwise.

 By this statement, it would seem as if all the paiments to France, hitherto made & ordered, would not quite acquit the year 1792. so that we have never yet been clear of arrears to her.
 The amount of the French debt is stated according to the Convention, & the Interest is calculated accordingly. Interest on the 10. million loan is known to have been paid for the years 84. 85. and is therefore deducted. it is not known whether it was paid on the same loan for years 86. 7. 8. 9. previous to the payment of Dec. 3. 1790. or whether it was included in that paiment. therefore this is not deducted. but if in fact it was paid before that day, it will then have lessened the debt so much, to

  wit, 400,000 livres a year for 4. years, making 1,600,000₶ = 290,400. D. which soon would put us in advance near half of the instalments of 1793. note: livres are estimated at 18 15/100 cents proposed by the Secretary of the Treasury to the French ministry, as the rate of conversion.
 This uncertainty with respect to the true state of our account with France, & the difference of the result from what has been understood, shews that the gentlemen, who are to give opinions on this subject must do it in the dark; & suggests to the President the propriety of having an exact statement of the account with France communicated to them, as the ground on which they are to give opinions. it will probably be material in that about to be given on the late application of mister Genet, on which the Secretary of the Treasury is preparing a report.

 Th: Jefferson


Title: Henry Knox to Tobias Lear, 5 June 1793
From: Knox, Henry
To: Lear, Tobias

Dear Sir,
[Philadelphia] 5th June 1793

I have just received by Jasper Parish The interpreter the enclosed letters from the Commissioners at Niagara, informing of

the postponement of the treaty for a month at least. please to submit them to The President of the U. States. Yours truly

H. Knox


Title: To George Washington from Anthony Whitting, 5 June 1793
From: Whitting, Anthony
To: Washington, George

 Letter not found: from Anthony Whitting, 5 June 1793. GW wrote Whitting on 9 June, acknowledging receipt of “your letters of the 31st of May & 5th instant.”


Title: To George Washington from Robert Donald, 6 June 1793
From: Donald, Robert
To: Washington, George

Monblon June 6th 1793

Will your Exellancy Permitt a fourty years agoe Aquentance to Sollicate your notice of the bearer Mr Jas D. Smith (my Nephew) who has been for some years an Inhabitant of your Province, and who I belive Intends removeing to your City of Washington, where under your Paternage I flatter myself he may push his way in your Riseing States, much better then I was able after a Seventeen years residance.
My first Aquantance with Your Exellancy was at our Mutuall Werthy friend Governour Dinwiddies on your return from the Ohio in I think 1751 or 2 and next day I had the Honour

of your Compy to my residance at Pages in Hanover County, and was afterwards often in your Compy at Wmburg untill I left the Country with the Governours Family in the year 1758—all of whom are now dead except little Beckie who is married to a Mr Hamilton and resides in London. I want words to Apolegise for this Freedom and have the Honour to be with Unspeakable Esteem & regard Your Exellancy most obedient and most Faithfull humble Servant

Robert Donald


Title: From George Washington to Alexander Hamilton, 6 June 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Hamilton, Alexander

Sir,
Philadelphia 6. June 1793.

Upon a mature consideration of your communication to me of the 3d instant, recommending a still further Loan in Holland, if obtainable, to the amount of 3,000,000 florins—and stating, that in case the recommendation should meet my ideas, my special approbation thereof would be proper, I have thought it necessary, in order to make the subject clear to my mind before any steps are taken in it, to request you to give me information on the following points—vizt.
1st—whether all the monies, borrowed under the Acts of the 4. & 12. of Augt 1790, have been expended, on their respective objects? If not, what is the balance?

2d—Under which of the two Laws do you propose that a loan should be opened?
3d—If under one, or the other, or both, what is the balance remaining unborrowed, of the two sums allowed to be borrowed?
4th. To what use is the money, proposed to be borrowed, to be applied?

Go. Washington.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 6 June 1793
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

Sir
[Philadelphia] June 6. 1793.

I cannot but think that to decline the propositions of mister Genet on the subject of our debt, without assigning any reasons at all, would have a very dry and unpleasant aspect indeed. we are then to examine what are our good reasons for the refusal, which of them may be spoken out, & which may not. 1. want of confidence in the continuance of the present form of government, and consequently, that advances to them might commit us with their successors. this cannot be spoken out. 2. since they propose to take the debt in produce, it would be better for us that it should be done in moderate masses yearly, than all in one year. this cannot be professed. 3. when M. de Calonne was minister of finance, a Dutch company proposed to buy up the whole of our debt, by dividing it into actions or shares. I think mister Claviere, now minister of finance, was their agent. it was observed to M. de Calonne that to create such a mass of American paper, divide it into shares, and let them deluge the market, would depreciate them, the rest of our paper, and our credit in general. that the credit of a nation was a delicate and

important thing & should not be risked on such an operation. M. de Calonne, sensible of the injury of the operation to us, declined it. in May 1791, there came, thro’ mister Otto, a similar proposition from Schweizer, Jeanneret & co. we had a representation on the subject from mister Short, urging this same reason strongly. it was refered to the Secretary of the Treasury, who in a letter to yourself assigned the reasons against it, and there were communicated to mister Otto, who acquiesced in them. this objection then having been sufficient to decline the proposition twice before, & having been urged to the two preceding forms of government (the antient & that of 1791) will not be considered by them as founded in objections to the present form. 4. the law allows the whole debt to be paid only on condition it can be done on terms advantageous to the U.S. the minister foresees this objection & thinks he answers it by observing the advantage which the paiment in produce will occasion. it would be easy to shew that this was not the sort of advantage the legislature meant, but a lower rate of interest. 5. I cannot but suppose that the Secretary of the Treasury, much more familiar than I am with the money operations of the treasury, would on examination be able to derive practical objections from them. we pay to France but 5. per cent. the people of this country would never subscribe their money for less than 6. if to remedy this, obligations at less than 5. per cent were offered & accepted by mister Genet, he must part with them immediately at a considerable discount to indemnify the loss of the 1. per cent: and at a still greater discount to bring them down to par with our present 6. per cents: so that the operation would be equally disgraceful to us & losing to them &c. &c. &c.
I think it very material myself to keep alive the friendly sentiments of that country as far as can be done without risking war, or double payment. if the instalments falling due in this year can be advanced, without incurring those dangers, I should be for doing it. we now see by the declaration of the Prince of Saxe-Cobourg on the part of Austria & Prussia that the ultimate point they desire is to restore the constitution of 1791. were this even to be done before the pay-days of this year, there is no doubt in my mind but that that government (as republican as the present except in the form of it’s executive) would confirm an advance so moderate in sum & time. I am sure the nation of

France would never suffer their government to go to war with us for such a bagatelle, & the more surely if that bagatelle shall have been granted by us so as to please and not to displease the nation; so as to keep their affections engaged on our side. so that I should have no fear in advancing the instalments of this year at epochs convenient to the treasury. but at any rate should be for assigning reasons for not changing the form of the debt. these thoughts are very hastily thrown on paper, as will be but too evident—I have the honor to be with sentiments of sincere attachment & respect, Sir Your most obedient & most humble sert

Th: Jefferson


Title: To George Washington from Veritas, 6 June 1793
From: Veritas (pseudonym)
To: Washington, George

No. III.
To the PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES.

SIR,
June 6. [1793]

AT this momentous crisis of our public affairs, when solemn treaties and the sacred rights of American citizens seem to be openly violated, it were treason against the dearest interests of America not to warn her first magistrate to shut his ears against the whispers of servile adulation, and to listen to the solemn admonitions of patriotic truth. Let not, I beseech you, the opiate of sycophancy, administered by interested and designing men, lull you into a fatal lethargy at this awful moment. Consider that a first magistrate in every country is no other than a public servant, whose conduct is to be governed by the will of the people, as expressed in their constitution and laws.
The legality of your proclamation I do not now propose to investigate, but permit me to ask, if a proclamation was justifiable and proper in 1793, was it not equally so in 1792, when several European powers were actually engaged in a war? If so, why was it deferred till Great-Britain became a party? I believe such answers could not be given to these questions as would be perfectly satisfactory to the public. It is but too evident that the conduct of our government, with respect to that of Great-Britain has for some years past been shamefully pusillanimous. For ten years has that haughty nation held possession of posts in our territory, in open violation of treaty, as if we were tributary provinces. Whether our government has demanded them, and been insultingly refused, are facts with which the American public have not been made acquainted. It is to be hoped that our public councils have not been duped into any disgraceful negociation, respecting the American posts occupied by the British. If they have, let the infamous transaction be divulged. If they have not,

let them publish the truth for the satisfaction of the public, and in vindication of their own conduct. Let government ever avoid the narrow policy which involves in mystery the acts of public men, which ever creates distrust in the minds of the people, and is only fit to be practised by magistrates the most corrupt and worthless. Should the people be much longer kept in the dark on this subject, it would not be surprizing if they took the law into their own hands (as Ethan Allen and his Green mountain boys did in 1775) and wipe off the disgrace of the nation by driving the invaders from our country. I forbear to enlarge further on this disgraceful theme.
Since my last letter was written, I have learned with regret, that those citizens who complained that our treaties with France were violated by the proclamation, construed it rightly. It seems that our courts are to take cognizance of the legality or illegality of prizes brought into our ports by the French cruisers; an intermeddling expressly prohibited by treaty—Permit me to ask, Sir, whether you consider yourself vested with legal powers to annul solemn treaties by proclamation?
I have also been informed that two men, formerly citizens of the United States, but lately in the service of France, have been seized and thrown into jail, to be tried by our laws, for a violation of the neutrality, declared in your proclamation. This is an important question indeed, whether we view it as an insult to France, or as an infringement of those rights which it is presumed every American citizen possesses, of entering the service or becoming the citizens of a foreign nation whenever he thinks proper: questions, these, which I shall not now discuss. I shall only remark, that, in my opinion, an American on entering into the service of any of the belligerent powers, puts himself beyond the jurisdiction as well as out of the protection of the United States.
But notwithstanding all our endeavours to curry favour with Great-Britain, it is evident that she despises our professions and acts of neutrality. We are informed by the public prints that, in open violation of the rights of neutral nations she has determined to seize vessels bound for France, though they may have no contraband articles on board; and that no neutral vessel which has cleared out from a French port, is to be admitted into a British port. Will not this, together with the retention of the

Western Posts, serve to convince Americans of the hostile views of Great-Britain;
I conclude, Sir, by cautioning you not to take all upon your own shoulders at this critical juncture. Let the representatives of the people, who can alone express the national will, be speedily convened and let all branches of the government unite their councils and their efforts for the promotion of the public good.

VERITAS.


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Hamilton, 8 June 1793
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Treasury Departmt 8th June 1793.

I have the honor to send you a report on the communication from the Minister plenipotentiary of France respecting the reimbursement of the residue of the Debt of the United States to that Country, altered in conformity to your desire; and to be with perfect respect &c.

Alexandr Hamilton


Title: From George Washington to William Thornton, 8 June 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Thornton, William

[Philadelphia] Saturday 8th June 1793.

The President of the United States is much obliged by Doctr Thornton’s polite attentions, and prays him to accept his thanks for the Treatise on the Elements of written language.
The President is sorry to hear of the Doctors indisposition. A speedy and perfect recovery is wished.


Title: To George Washington from George Clinton, 9 June 1793
From: Clinton, George
To: Washington, George

Sir
New York 9th June 1793

Having received Information last evening from Thomas Randall Esquire Master Warden of this Port and through other Channels, that a sloop was equipped, armed and manned in this Harbor and ready to sail, and that there were reasons to suspect that she was intended to act as a Privateer under a Commission from one of the Belligerent Powers of Europe, I, in consequence of your request signified to me in a Letter from the Secretary of War, dated the 24th of last Month, ordered a small detachment of militia on Board with Directions to detain her until you should be notified of the Circumstances of the Case, & your Determination thereon obtained.
In addition to the Information which Your Excellency will receive on this Subject from the enclosed Papers, I have only to add, that it appears to me that the Vessel detained is a Sloop lately named the Polly belonging to a Mr Nobel of Hudson and others and by them transferred to a French Citizen residing in this Place—That she is now called the Republican and commanded by Citizen Orset a French Captain, and I have Reason to believe that a Part of the Crew were French Sailors; but as all, except one Man, were on Shore when she was boarded by my Directions, I cannot, as to this particular, decide with any degree of certainty.
It may not be improper to mention, that to justify my employing the Militia in this Business, I conceive it necessary that they should be explicitly considered as called into actual Service under the Authority of the United States. I am with great Respect Your most Obedient Servant

Geo: Clinton


Title: From George Washington to Anthony Whitting, 9 June 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Whitting, Anthony

Mr Whitting,
Philadelphia [Sunday] June 9th 1793

In due course of Post I have received you letters of the 31st of May & 5th instant; and was equally surprized & concerned to find by the last, that your health was in the declining, & precarious State you describe it to be because you had not given the least intimation thereof in any other letter, since my departure from Mount Vernon. I can only repeat now, what I have often done before, that it is by no means my desire that you should expose yourself in the discharge of my business; or use greater exertions than your strength will bear; or more exercise than is good for your health; or, in a word, to attempt any thing that the Doctr shall not think proper for you: for having a full view of the State of my Plantations in your mind, & knowing the design of

each, you can, from the Weekly reports (which may be made to you oftener by the Overseers, if necessary) give such directions as would naturally result from them. which is the best expedient, both for yourself and me, that occurs to me at this moment—being unable since the receipt of your letter to think of a single person whose qualifications would fit him for the superintendence of my business. If any such has occured to you, I would thank you for naming him, hoping, nevertheless, that occasion will not require one, but having a proper character in view may not be amiss, whether wanting or not. From my own experience (& the measure was recommended to me by eminent Physicians) wearing flannel next the skin is the best cure for, & preventative of the Rheumatism I ever tried. And for your other complaint, which you suppose to be in your lungs, a vegitable and milk diet I should suppose would be proper; avoiding as much as possible animal food. Of this however the Doctor must be a better judge; and if you chuse to have any in these parts consulted and will state, or get your case stated, I will lay it before the person highest in reputation here as a Physician, & send you the result. I shall endeavor to be at Mount Vernon by the first of next month; but the nature of public business is, and likely to remain such, that I dare not promise at that, or any other time, to be there; & happen when it will, my stay must be short, as I cannot be long absent from the Seat of the Government whilst matters are so delicately situated as they are at present. If you have, or could procure a few Oats against I arrive they would be acceptable to my horses—I shall bring only 4. or at most five with me; nor shall I be able to stay more than 10 days at farthest.
You may tell the Gardener that as I am not fond of changing—and as I am sure he would very soon find his error in leaving me—I will allow him £30 pr Ann. that is to say 100. dollars provided he will engage to stay two years at that rate; will allow him the same perquisite of the Garden when I am from home he now enjoys; and a horse Six times a year to ride to Alexandria provided he is not kept out of Nights. With respect to his wife, after increasing his own wages so considerably, I must be well informed what services she is to render before I shall agree to make any further allowance to him, in addition for her. for I should think that he himself, or the woman—or any other who is actuated by a just & honest way of thinking, will readily acknowledge

that giving her Provisions is an adequate compensation for the trouble of weighing out, & receiving in, the work of the Spinners once a week, if all the intermediate time is devoted to her own business. If she does more than this for me, the case differs from my conception of it; & from what I had in view at the time she was first spoken to, for then it was my full expectation that after the 4th of March I should return to a permanent residence at Mount Vernon⟨,⟩ and in that case to have made her House keeper; which, from the nature of the Office, would have occupied her whole time, and of course would have entitled her to a proportionate reward. But if she has not done nor is likely to do more than weigh out & receive in Work, & receives her provision for this, there is no cause that I am able to discover, for enhancing their wages on that acct.
The weather cannot have been more wet with you, than it has been here until thursday last; since then it has been dry with a hot sun, which will recover the looks of the Corn if you can, in addition, extricate it from the Grass & Weeds. As you still th⟨ink⟩ that the Easterly winds we have had will injure the Wheat, let me know how you expect it will be effected by them: whether by smut—Rust—whiteheads—or something else. I see nothing now to injure the grain expect by its not filling; by its taking the rust—or lodging.
As it was intended that the first sown buck wheat should ripen a sufficiency of seed to sow the ground a second time, I should hope this second operation would recover the ground from the bad condition it has been thrown into by the preceeding Rains, & prepare it finely for Wheat; tho’ it may occasion the sowing of it later than my inclination would wish it to be. My fears are more alive against damage from drought, if the Easterly Winds cease, than from the rains which they have occasioned. a long drought after so much wet would be very injurious to the Corn; second cutting of grass, &ca; besides baking the ground so hard as to render it impossible—in a manner—to work it properly. If this should happen, let the ground intended for the reception of grass be well broken with Rollers before sowing, that it may be laid level & smooth.
I wish with all my heart the Potatoes at Mansion house were planted, & that the Crop may be productive. It is growing full late for this business, & of course hazardous—wch I regret more

as I am resolved, henceforward, to plant them between the Corn rows at Dogue run farm, if at no other. I have never yet seen any thing to induce me to believe that the Crop of Corn is lessened thereby, and sure I am the Wheaten Crop which follow, is not; of course the Potatoes is all gain.
I would not have you ask the white thorn plants from Mr Thomson Mason as matter of favor; but if you should, at any time, fall in with him, it could give no offence to ask if he would sell those which grow in the open field adjoining numbers 7 & 8 at River farm—and, if the price is reasonable, to buy them.
When I consented to give up the first set of Mules that were chosen for my carriage, it was because I was told they did not match well, or promise much—but that others were coming on, from which a very good set could be drawn. It is after these latter I have been enquiring, & wish care to be taken.
I do not conceive that the streng⟨th⟩ of a joist, or sleeper, consists in its width but in the depth; however, if Green think⟨s⟩ those designed for the treading floor are too slight the evil is easily remedied by putting in more of them, that is—placing them nearer together.
What is the matter with long James that he is for ever on the sick list? Is there any apparent cause for it? by this I mean, has the fever—a dise⟨n⟩tary—or any thing that will speak for itself? or, is the complaint—Pains—wch may be real, or feigned; the last of which can, at any time, be assumed, & very often is.
By Ellwood, who talks of Sailing on tuesday, but who will not in all probability leave this before Thursday, if then you will receive sundry parcels according to the enclosed list, which may be brought from Alexandria when the Boat goes up with flour to Colo. Hooe.
I sincerely wish you may be perfectly restored to health being your well wisher and friend

Geo: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Frances Bassett Washington, 10 June 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Washington, Frances Bassett

My dear Fanny
 Philadelphia June l0th 17⟨93⟩

Your Aunt has lately received a letter from you, to which an answer was given about a week ago.
As this answer, so far as it respected the renting of the estate in Berkley, of which you are possessed, was dictated by me, in a hurry, I will now give you my ideas more at large on that subject; although they will still appear, from my immersion in other business, to carry with them strong marks of indigestion.
The Will of my deceased Ne⟨phew,⟩ If I have sufficient recollection of it, ⟨di⟩rects a second plantation to be settle⟨d⟩ in Berkeley county. This may, and I think ought to be done in conformity therewith; and in so doing it might b⟨e⟩ well to include some if not all the hands whi⟨ch⟩ are in Fairfax County, as well to comply wi⟨th the⟩ dictates of the Will as because there a⟨re⟩ too many at the latter place to be employed to good profit; the Farm being small—poor—& worn. As a mere small grain or Grass farm,

it might be turned to good account if an industrious man who would work constantly himself was fixed on it, with a Negro fellow and boy only; with an allowance of four Plough horses—two ⟨ploughs & a⟩ yoke of Oxen, with other ⟨stock proportio⟩ned thereto. This force wo⟨uld be ade⟩quate to the cultivation of the whole of th⟨at⟩ Farm, in small grain & grass, and might as much (or ought to do no more) Indian Corn as would suffice for themselves. And if you found it more convenient, the old woman there, for whom I presume no hire could be obtained, with such young chil others that could not be well disposed of might be placed there, & would be at hand to receive your own attentions.
The force I have mentioned, wd be able to put in as much small grain annually, as the size of the Farm would admit, to be kept in proper order; and in case you should do what you have talke⟨d⟩ of doing, for the sake of your childrens education—that is, to live in Alexandria⟨,⟩ would furnish you with Poultry, pig⟨s, lambs,⟩ &ca which, if always to be bought from th⟨e⟩ butcher’s & others, would be more expensive than you at present have any conception ⟨of.⟩
I have not sufficient knowledge of the Estate in Berkeley, to give any other advice respecting it, than merely to say that renting, instead of keeping it in your own hands has a preference in my mind for many reasons which might be assig⟨ned;⟩ and as the Will enjoins a division of the land, I should suppose the negros had better be allotted to each parcel, and rented therewith. But of this to you, with the advice of your friends on the spot, must be a better judge than I am—among these George S. Washington, who has already acted the part you are about to do, will be able to give you useful information, as, by this time—he may have perceived the good, or felt the inconveniences of, the measures he pursued. It would, however, seem best to me, that the lands and negros should go together, in the manner already mentioned. The latter might hire for more singly, but then the trouble of collecting would also be greater; nor could there be the same attention paid to that as when together, & under the immediate eye of your brother in law.
You will readily perceive the necessity of insisting upon ample Security for the performance of whatever agreement you may enter into; for the Land, Negroes, & Stock thereon will be none, because they are your own already—and as the transaction is

important, & will be interesting to yourself & the Children, I advice you to pay a Lawyer of note to draw the articles, rather than hazard an imperfect instrument, which may be turned to your disadvantage hereafter.
Besides the usual covenants to compel payments when they become due, there ought to be a clause making all sums in arrear to carry interest. This will be some compensation for the want of punctuality: but forfeiture of the Lease, in case of nonperformance, of the conditions, should be strongly expressed, as it will be the principal hold you will have on the Tenant. Reservation of Wood land—limitation with respect to clearing—Restraint upon selling, or disposing of any timber or Wood except for the purposes of the Plantations—& prevention of all sorts of abuse. Keeping the Houses, fences and Meadows in order. Care of the Negros, in sickness & in health; Cloathing them properly—and feeding them as Negros usually are; are all matters which should be noticed in the Instrument. Nor ought there to be any transfer of the lease; or re-hire of the Negros without your consent first had & obtained in writing.
The number of years for which you would part with the estate deserves consideration, and a consultation of circumstances, of which you can judge as well, or better than I. My own opinion however, is, that it ought not to go for more than five or Seven; for less than three I presume no good tenant would take it. The Horses, cattle & other stock, together with the implements of the Farm, you might either sell, or let go with the places at the valuation of two, or more judicious and impartial men, to be returned in equal numbers, and in the specific articles of equal value, when the places are surrendered; paying in the mean while a regular annual interest on the agregate valuation as above.
The peculiar situation of our public affairs is such—and likely to remain such, that I see no prospect of my being able to leave the seat of the Government but for a mere flying visit home; which I am more than ever called upon to do, as by a letter received on Saturday—it appears that Mr Whiting is in a confirmed consumption, & so much reduced as to be scarce⟨l⟩y able to mount a horse. What I am to do under a circumstance of this kind I really know not; not being able, in the short time I have had to reflect on this disgreeable event, to call to mind a single character (if to be obtained) that would answer my purposes.

I shall strive hard to be at Mount Vernon by the first of next month, but to say positively I shall accomplish it, is more than I dare do; My stay there cannot exceed, if it should amount to, ten days. I request you to remember me in the most affectionate manner to my Brother, Sister and the rest of the family. My love to ⟨the Children—compliments to Mr Warner Washington and family if you should see them. In all which your Aunt, Nelly &c. join me. With much truth I am, Your sincere friend and Affte relation

Go. Washington⟩


Title: Tobias Lear to Thomas Jefferson, 11 June 1793
From: Lear, Tobias
To: Jefferson, Thomas

[Philadelphia] June 11th 1793

The President of the United States sends to the Secretary of State a letter & enclosures which he has just received from the Governor of New York, respecting the detention of an Armed vessel which was about to sail from New York, supposed to be commissioned as a privateer by one of the European belligerent Powers.
The President wishes the Secretary of State to lay these documents before the Heads of the other Departments, as soon as may be, and to let the President know what is their opinion, as well as the Secretary’s of State, of the measures which should be taken in the case—and what answer should be given to the Governor’s letter. If the[re] be a concurrence of opinion as to the Answer which ought to be given to the Governor, the President wishes the Secretary to draft it agreeably thereto.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 11 June 1793
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] June 11. 93.

Th: Jefferson has the honor to inclose to the President a memorial from mister Hammond. he proposes to ask a meeting with the Secretaries of the treasury & war at 9. oclock tomorrow, in time to write by the post of tomorrow. should the President think fit that the inclosed should be the subject of deliberation, it may be considered at the same time.


Title: Henry Knox to Tobias Lear, 11 June 1793
From: Knox, Henry
To: Lear, Tobias

Dear Sir,
War department June 11th 1793

Please to submit to the President of the United States, two Letters from Govr Blount—one of the 12th and the other of the 15th May—the last letters were of the 28. April.
And please also to submit an old letter of Colonel Pickering, enclosing a message purporting to be from the hostile Indians. I am Sir Yours sincerely

H. Knox


Title: To George Washington from Edmund Randolph, 11 June 1793
From: Randolph, Edmund
To: Washington, George

Sir
Annapolis [Maryland] June 11. 1793.

 On my arrival at Baltimore, Colo. S. Smith gave me a very early and easy opportunity of conversing with him on the subject of his letter to Colo. Hamilton. He repeated the same alarm, as still existing in the breasts of the merchants; adding, however, a confidence in the executive, as being better qualified to judge, from a comprehensive view of our situation. My explanations were apparently satisfactory. Indeed I heard him mention them to several leading men in that town, and they seemed to be, and expressed themselves to be, persuaded, that the measures of government were impartial, and not liable to just complaint even from the British themselves. I found, that the style, in which a letter written by the secretary of the treasury to the different naval officers, had first created the apprehensions, which had seized them; and I endeavoured to procure a sight of it, without success. Perhaps, sir, if an inaccuracy in the manner or expressions should be discovered, on a revision of it, it would be advantageous to correct it. I am sure, that the matter of it, as represented to me, is conformable to your sense of the business. I am more particularly induced to suggest a revision of that letter, as I perceive, that the same impression has been made here from the same cause.
I inquired of Colo. Smith, how the merchants of Baltimore had been able to ascertain the opinions of the people of Maryland on the proclamation. He replied, that there were two ways; 1. that the people came thither from every county in the state to traffic; and 2. that the general court, which brings multitudes together, had lately sat here. Mr Hollingsworth assured me, that the suitors at the court were numerous, from different parts of the country, and very explicit in their approbation. How Mr Chase stands affected, I do not certainly know. But from Mr Sterett, one of his principal admirers being loud in his praises of the proclamation, and from Mr Chase having undoubtedly declared, that the guarantee was binding on the U.S., only during the last war, I am led to believe, that he must be well-tempered towards that act.
I met with Governor Clayton of Delaware, and Major Oldham, of the Maryland house of delegates, at Baltimore. The former is a plain, modest, sensible, cool man; the latter a very respectable

one, and burning with zeal for the French revolution. From both of them I learn, that the state of Delaware, and the eastern shore of Maryland have but one sentiment, and that approving the proclamation.
Old Mr Smith, the father in law of Colo. Nicholas, communicated to me the substance of a letter, which he had lately received from him. He inveighs bitterly against what he calls the inattention of the government to the defence of Kentucky, and is open in saying, that some other power must be solicited for protection, and that the fœderal constitution may be revoked, so far as it regards the people of that state at pleasure. Mr Brown, the Senator, being in Philadelphia, and very intimate with Mr Jefferson, the true state of this affair may be known thro’ this channel.
I called at this place to adjust a controversy between the state of Maryland and myself about a tract of land, formerly belonging to my grandfather Jenings, which is supposed to be confiscated. This will detain me here to-day; and I shall meet with gentlemen of all political complexions, as the court of appeals commences its Session this morning. Should any thing occur, which may deserve your notice, I shall not fail to transmit it. I have the honor, sir, to be, with the highest respect, and affectionate attachement yr mo. ob. serv.

Edm: Randolph


Title: From George Washington to the Cabinet, 12 June 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Cabinet

Gentlemen,
 [Philadelphia] ⟨June 12th 1793.⟩

As you are about to meet on other business, it is my desire that you would take the enclosed application into consideration. It is not my wish, on one hand, to throw unnecessary obstacles in the way of gratifying the wishes of the applicants. On the other it is incumbent on me to proceed with regularity. Would not the granting a Patent then, which I believe is always the concluding act, & predicated on the Survey (as an essential document) have too much the appearance of placing the Cart before the Horse. And does not the Law enjoin something on the Attorney General of the U. States previous to the signature of the President? What can be done with propriety I am willing to do. More I ought not to do.

Go: Washington


Title: Cabinet Opinion on the Polly (Republican) and the Catherine, 12 June 1793
From: Cabinet,Jefferson, Thomas,Knox, Henry,Hamilton, Alexander
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] June 12. 1793.

The President having required the opinions of the heads of the three departments on a letter from Governor Clinton of the 9th inst. stating that he had taken possession of the sloop Polly, now called the Republican, which was arming, equipping & manning by French & other citizens to cruize against some of the belligerent powers, and desiring to know what further was to be done, and they having met & deliberated thereon, are unanimously of opinion, that Governor Clinton be desired to deliver over to the civil power the said vessel & her appurtenances, to be dealt with according to law: and that the Attorney of the U.S. for the district of New York be desired, to have such proceedings
 at law instituted as well concerning the said vessel and her appurtenances, as against all the persons citizens or aliens participating in the armament or object thereof as he shall think will be most effectual for punishing the said offenders, & preventing the said vessel & appurtances from being applied to the destined purpose: and that if he shall be of opinion that no judiciary process will be sufficient to prevent such application of the vessel to the hostile purpose intended that then the Governor be desired to detain her by force till the further advice of the General government can be taken.
The President having also required the same opinions on the Memorial of the British minister of the 11st inst. on the subject of the British brigantine Catherine captured by the French frigate the Embuscade within the limits of the protection of the U.S. as is said, and carried into the harbour of New York, they are of the opinion unanimously, that the Governor of N. York be desired to seize the said vessel in the first instance, and then deliver her over to the civil power, and that the Attorney of the U.S. for the district of New York be instructed to institute proceedings at law in the proper court for deciding whether the said capture was made within the limits of the protection of the U.S. & for delivering her up to her owners if it be so decided: but that if it shall be found that no court may take cognisance of the said question, then the said vessel to be detained by the Governor until the further orders of the General government can be had thereon.

Th: Jefferson
H. Knox
Alexander Hamilton