Title: Enclosure: Samuel Culper, Jr., to John Bolton, 29 July 1779
From: Culper, Samuel Jr.
To: Bolton, John

            No. 3.
            Sir,
            10 [New York]. July 29, 1779.

          Since my last the number of the Enemy within these lines have not been augmented by any arrivals. The Romelus, Daphne & Deleware did not sail as I advised you, owing, I believe, to the unexpected account of your taking the Garrison at Stony point The account was truly alarming to the Torys—However, like true Philosophers, they soon resonated themselves to it by saying that it wou’d tend to their advantage in the end, as it wou’d tend to rouse the Brittish Troops, which in their opinion is all that’s wanted to put a final end to the

War. General Clinton, I am told, was much alarmed. He left New-Yk the next evening attended with all the Horse (himself mounted on the lowest & meanest amongst them) which was then in Town, and it is said, declared that he wou’d make W. pay for it.
          The Greyhound Frigate, with Lord Cornwallis, General Patterson late adjt Genl of the Army, & Col: Stewart son of Lord Bute, arrived the 21st Inst nothing can be collected, more than from News papers, as no private letters came by her. It is generally believed by the Torys that the Fleet (said to have on board 5000 Troops for N. Yk, & 2000 for Carolina) sailed before the Greyhound The most inteligent of the Torys expect a Spanish War, and affect to wish it, as they suppose that England has at this time a Fleet much superior to the united Fleets of France & Spain.
          The Le Blond Frigate arrived on Monday last from Penobscot with Dispatches, in consequence of which (it is said) Sir Geo: Collier with the Raisonable sails to-morrow; I cannot learn whither any other Ship goes with him. The movements of the Troops in consequence of the taking of Stony point, has prevented my obtaining an account of their situation—The 54th Rigt marched in town from the Bridge on monday last. A number of Transports are order’d to be ready to take on board Troops, said to be the 54th Regt, Queens Rangers & Lord Rawdons Corps, and to be commanded by Lord Cornwallis—it is said by some of the officers that they are intended for Carolina—This is also the general opinion. I believe they are bound to the southward, as I heard a Pilot, belonging to Cape Fear No. Carolina, say that he expected to go with them.
          General Vaughan is positively going home, and some say Genl Clinton.
          It is positively said that preperation are making to Fortify Governors Island, the Narrows at Stratton [Staten] Island, the Gorge at Fort Knyphausen, to repair the Fortifications at Paulus Hook, & the Battery at New-York; all of which places are to be put in the best state of defense.
          The times now are extreamly difficult, guard boats are kept out every night in the North & East Rivers to prevent any boats from passing, & I am inform’d that some persons have been searched on Long-Island; therefore, whenever you think that my intiligence is of no service, beg you will notify me, ’till which time I will continue as usual. Privateering flag very much. I have recd your Dictionary, and will be glad to have the stain as soon as possible, when shall endeavour to find some shorter route to forward my Letters. I am, sir, Your Hbl. Servant.

            Samuel Culper, Junior


Title: General Orders, 29 July 1779
From: Washington, George
To:

            Head-Quarters Moores-House [West Point] Thursday July 29th 1779
            Parole Montgomery—C. Signs Orford. Wells.

          The following is the detail for fatigue agreeable to yesterdays orders as assigned to the several works, to be divided into four relieves:

The first to work from gun-firing ’till nine in the morning—The 2nd from nine to twelve—The 3rd from twelve to three & the 4th from three to twilight in the evening.

              Smallwood.
              412—Relief
              103—
              {
              At the redoubt near
              }

              the Maryland line.

              Gist
              300—ditto—
              75.
              {
              50 at Fort-Webb—
              }

              25 to attend the Masons

              at Fort Putnam.

              Irvine
              424. ditto—
              106—

              At Fort-Putnam.

              2nd Pennsylva—
              312. do—
              78—
              {
              50 to parade at the Point

              to cut fascines &

              28 at Constitution Island—

              No. Carolina
              248. ditto—
              62—
                ditto.

              Paterson’s
              400. ditto—
              100
              {
              75 at the Point

              25 to attend the Masons

              at Fort-Putnam.

              4th Massachus.
              304—ditto—
              76—

              at the Point.

          1 Captain—2 Sub[altern]s—3 Serjeants; 2 D[rums] & F[ifes] to every 50 R[ank]& F[ile]. A corporal and three from the Maryland line to guard the tools at the redoubt near said line to mount at sunset and come off at sunrise.
          By the establishment of the Army each regiment is to consist of eight battalion companies and one company of Light-Infantry, consequently the returns of the army should be conformable thereto; and altho’ the Light Infantry are drafted according to the strength of the regiments, the returns are to be made in the following order.
          Light-Infantry—
          1st Captn’s company.
          Colonel’s—
          4th Captain’s.
          Major’s.
          3rd Captain’s—
          Lieutt Colonel’s—
          5th Captain’s—
          2nd Captain’s—
          The regiments which have only two field officers companies must be drawn up and returned in the following order.
          Light Infantry
          1st Captain—
          6th Captain

          4th Captain—
          Lieutt Colonel—
          3rd Captain
          Major—
          5th Captain—
          2nd Captain.
          When a regiment furnishes part of a company of Light-Infantry, that number is returned fit for duty and as many as are wanting to complete are inserted in the proper columns.
          For example—
          If a regiment furnishes two serjeants 1 D. & F. & 36 R. & F. they are to be returned “present fit for duty” and 1 Serjeant 1 Drum and Fife and 20 R. & F., “wanting to complete” by which means the Light-Infantry (which is always to be kept complete) is returned, “fit for duty.”
          When a regiment furnishes no Light-Infantry, all its Light Infantry Officers that remain with the battalion must be placed in those companies which want officers and returned with them, and the full complement of non commissioned and rank and file for a company returned “wanting to complete.”
          The field, and regimental staff, officers should be returned in their respective columns opposite their companies; the other staff officers, as Majors—Aides De-Camp, Brigade-Quarter Masters &c.—with the regimental staff are to be inserted at the bottom of the returns, “on the Staff” amongst the officer’s casualties.
          The commanding officers of Cavalry, having of late surprisingly neglected to transmit their returns to the Orderly-Office agreeable to the general order of the 11th of March last, the General insists upon an implicit compliance therewith in future and that the said commanding officers shall be answerable for any neglect.
          Many and pointed orders have been issued against that unmeaning and abominable custom of Swearing, not withstanding which, with much regret the General observes that it prevails, if possible, more than ever; His feelings are continually wounded by the Oaths & Imprecations of the soldiers whenever he is in hearing of them.
          The Name of That Being, from whose bountiful goodness we are permitted to exist and enjoy the comforts of life is incessantly imprecated and prophaned in a manner as wanton as it is shocking: For the sake therefore of religion, decency and order the General hopes and trusts that officers of every rank will use their influence and authority to check a vice, which is as unprofitable as it is wicked and shameful.
          If officers make it an invariable rule to reprimand, and if that does not do punish soldiers for offences of this kind it could not fail of having the desired effect.


Title: From George Washington to Oliver Clarke, 29 July 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Clarke, Oliver

          Sir,
          Head Quarters West Point July 29th 1779

        I have received your favour of the 29th of June which a multiplicity of business has prevented my answering before.
        There can be no doubt that you are entitled to the year’s pay allowed to supernumerary officers—This is expressly provided for by a resolve of Congress of the 22d day of May 1779; agreeable to which I have requested General Gates to order you payment on application— I am only sorry that a Gentleman who has your laudable disposition to persevere in the service to the end of the war, should have been unfortunately excluded, and that it is not in my power to make any other provision for you. When an officer is once arranged out of a Regiment, the remaining officers will not see him reintroduced without dissatisfaction; and no other method of providing for you occurs to me as practicable. I am Sir Your most Obedt humble servant

          Go: W——n


Title: To George Washington from Major General William Heath, 29 July 1779
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

          Dear Gene⟨r⟩al
          Mandavilles [Dutchess County, N.Y.]July 29th 1779

        I have the honor to forward to be disposed of as your Excellency may direct John Wardell master of the Bellona armed Transport Thos Robinson Serjt 64 Regt Thos Wilgis Corporal of d[itt]o—Jno. Chapman & Henry Henderson Seamen taken by Capt. Hopkins of the Light Dragoons at Phillips burgh yesterday morning.
        The works on this Side shall be pushed as fast as is in my Power but will not be done so Soon as they might be. General Parsons informed me the last evening, that from a differance of Judgement in the Engineers who Super[int]end them The works are much retarded—The first that Came had his Plan, the next disapproves it and the works must be taken down and altered, the Third differs from him and another alteration must be made not one Quarter of the Fatigue men that are daily Sent are Allowed to work. It is the province of the Engineers to direct the works and they must have their way. I hope no Imputation of negligence or delay will be attributed to the Troops. I have the honor to be with the greatest respect your Excellencys most obedient Servt

          W. Heath


Title: From George Washington to John Jay, 29 July 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Jay, John

          Sir,
          Head Quarters West Point July 29th 1779

        In mine of the 24th I had the honor to inform Congress that a considerable embarkation of the enemy had taken place on the 21st— This intelligence I received through Major Lee, a channel in most cases, good; but from all my subsequent inquiries I have reason to believe he was mistaken in this instance. The movement among their Shipping going down the river to New York, and some stir among the troops at the same time which still continues probably occasioned the mistake.
        I am informed that there are large Magazines of powder in the States of Massachusetts and Connecticut belonging to those States. The Continental Magazines are nearly empty, scarcely equal to the ordinary demands of the service; but there are operations, which may hereafter become practicable; and adviseable, that we should not be able to undertake for want of ammunition, unless we can derive a supply elsewhere. I mention this to Congress that if a loan could be obtained from any of the States and it is thought eligible to have one, measures may be taken accordingly. I have the honor to be With perfect respect & esteem Your Excellency’s Most Obet, servant

          Go: Washington

          P.s. The Act of the 28th of June directing the commanding Officers of Regiments to give notice to their executive authorities of their respective States of the regimental vacancies that happen transmitted in your Excellency’s letter of the 30th—refers to a resolution of the 8th of March last. I do not recollect either to have received or to have seen the Resolution—and therefore take the liberty to request a copy of it.


Title: From George Washington to John Jay, 29 July 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Jay, John

          sir
          Head Quarters West point July the 29th 1779

        In my Letter of the 9th in answer to Your Excellency’s of the 30th Ulto upon the subject of Doctor Morgan’s charge against Doctor Shippen—I informed Congress, that the situation of affairs would not permit his trial to be entered upon for some time—and that General Arnold’s would of course precede it, which had been and still was necessarily suspended. Since this I have been honoured with Your Excellency’s Letter of the 20th transmitting a Copy of a Letter from Doctor Morgan of the 19th and of three Other papers; in the first of which he urges, that as the movements of the Enemy had made it impracticable for me to appoint an early Court Martial for the trial, the putting Doctor Shippen under an immediate suspension from Office was absolutely necessary. This Letter being referred to me after what I had written, without any direction as to the line of conduct I was to pursue with respect to Doctor Shippen, placed me under some embarrassment—and induced me to lay the matter and all the papers before a Council of General Officers, called upon another occasion— and to take their sentiments as to the measures to be pursued. The Council were unanimously of opinion that Doctor Shippen could neither be tried now—nor a precise day be fixed with propriety, for the purpose; and also, as the sitting of a Court Martial would depend much, if not altogether, upon the movements and operations of the Enemy—and of consequence would be incertain & precarious—and might be postponed for a considerable time—that it would not be adviseable to arrest him at this time, as the delay might operate not only a great private injury, but also deprive the public of his services at a season, when they might be most material. I have thought it my duty to inform Congress of these things—that if it is their pleasure that Doctor Shippen should be immediately arrested or suspended—their directions may be signified accordingly.
        I inclose Your Excellency an Extract of a Letter from General Gates of the 25th Instant, with some matters of intelligence just now received. It is very probable that he has transmitted the same himself, as the Gentleman who was so obliging as to bring me his Letter, has one for Your Excellency. I am told a New York paper of the 24th announces Lord Cornwallis’s arrival—and contains accounts which corroborate—or at least countenance the inform⟨ation⟩ of Capn potbery—as to the sailing of a fleet with Troops; and a Deserter who left the City on Tuesday informed me to day, that it was reported that a fleet was off the Hook—and that he himself heard a firing just

before he came away. I have the Honor to be with the greatest respect & esteem Yr Excellency’s Most Obedt servant

          Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Colonel James Livingston, 29 July 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Livingston, James

          Sir,
          Head Quarters West Point July 29th 1779

        I duly received your letter of the 25th of June which hurry of business has prevented my acknowleging sooner: Your Pay Master will have informed you of the reasons that prevented a settlement of your recruiting accounts.
        I am sorry for the uneasiness and desertion which you mention to have taken place in your regiment, on account of the superior advantages possessed by other troops; but as to your proposal to incorporate your Regiment in the New York line, there is one difficulty which could not be easily overcome. The officers could not be introduced into that line without affecting many of those already belonging to it, and occasioning material discontent.

        There are several regiments on Continental establishment in the same situation with yours, for which I have repeatedly solicited Congress to make some provision, which will put them upon an equal footing with others—I have lately renewed my application and I hope it will not be long before something is done—It is not in my power to give you the order you request for cloathing, as I have not done the like in any instance. I doubt not that General Gates will allow you to share in any public provision which may be made for the part of the army under his command. I am Sir Yr most Obedt hum. servant.


Title: From George Washington to Major General John Sullivan, 29 July 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Sullivan, John

          Dr Sir,
          Head Quarters West Point July 29th 1779

        I have been duly favored with your letter of the 10th, the contents of which are of so serious a nature, with respect to the Quarter Masters and Commissary’s departments, that I thought it my duty to communicate them to General Greene and Col. Wadsworth—If there has been neglect in either department, the delinquents must be reponsible to the public and these Gentlemen ought to be acquainted with what has been alledged.
        I cannot but repeat my intreaties, that you will hasten your operations with all possible dispatch; and that you will disencumber yourself of every article of baggage and stores which is not necessary to the expedition. Not only its success but its execution at all depends on this. Tis a kind of service in which both Officers and men must expect to dispense with conveniences and endure hardships—They must not and I trust will not expect to carry the same appa[ra]tus which is customary in other operations. I am persu[a]dded that if you do not lighten yourself to the greatest possible degree, you will not only imminently hazard a defeat, but you will never be able to penetrate any distance into the Indian Country—The greater part of your provisions will be consumed in preparation, and the remainder in the first stages of a tedious and laborious march.
        General Clinton in a letter to the Governor of the 6th Instant mentions his arrival at the south end of Otsege Lake where he was waiting your orders.
        Inclosed I transmit you extracts of two letters of the 7th and 27th instant from Major General Schuyler with interesting intelligence. I am with great regard Dr Sir Yr Most Obet, servant

          Go: Washington

          ⟨P.⟩s. This will be accompanied by Commissions for the four New York regiments and the 4th Pennsylvania—in three packages.
          Col. Broadhead has informed me that he had a prospect of undertaking an expedition against the Mingoes with the aid of some of the friendly Indians; I have encouraged him by all means to do it, if practicable: should it take place, it will be an useful diversion in your favor—as he will approach pretty near to your left flank.


Title: General Orders, 30 July 1779
From: Washington, George
To:

            Head-Quarters Moores-House [West Point] Friday July 30th 1779.
            Parole Alexandria—C. Signs Bedford. Cyprus.

          The following officers are to superintend the several works herein assigned them.
          Lieutt Colonel Howard with Lieutt Hugo as his Assistant, the redoubts assigned to General Smallwood’s brigade.
          Lieut. Colo. Williams with Captain Gosner Fort Putnam and Fort Webb.
          Colonel Tupper with Captn Drew the works at the Point.
          Captn Hall & Captn Tatum the works on Constitution Island.

          Major Throop with Captain Holmes the redoubts on the east side of the river.
          For the future the Short-Troop to beat on the grand parade instead of the General.

          In Congress 11th of March 1779.
          Resolved—That the Engineers in the service of the United States shall be formed into a corps and stiled “The Corps of Engineers”—and shall take rank and enjoy the same rights, honors and privileges with the other troops on Continental establishment.
          That a Commandant of the Corps of Engineers shall be appointed by Congress to whom their orders or those of the Commander in Chief shall be addressed and such Commandant shall render to the Commander in Chief and to the board of War an account of every matter relative to his department.
          That the Engineers shall take rank in their own Corps according to the dates of their respective Commissions.

          War-Office 30th of March 1779.
          1st The Commandant of the Corps of Engineers or commanding Engineer in an army shall render an account to the commanding General of every thing that concerns the service of the Corps, and shall, in all cases which relate to the department act under the orders and with the concurence of the commanding General.
          2ndly Whenever the army is on a march an Engineer shall attend the Quarter Master General or officer ordered to fix on the place of encamping to give his advice and opinion thereon, and he shall also as soon as may be take a plan of the camp and report it to the General.
          A Pay-Master from each brigade on this ground will attend at the Inspector General’s quarters tomorrow morning nine ô clock to consult with him on the means of establishing an uniformity in the manner of keeping their accounts—They will bring their books with them.
          Lieutenant Colonels Brooks and Harmar will please to attend at the same time and place.
          A General Court Martial of the line to assemble at West-Point to-morrow morning nine ô clock to try Mr James Geary Assistant to George Measum Esquire Depy Clothier General of the Northern department & such others as shall come before them—Colo. Durkee to preside.


Title: To George Washington from Major General William Heath, 30 July 1779
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

          Dear General
          Mandavilles [Dutchess County, N.Y.]July 30th 1779 4 oClock P.M.

        I am this moment returned from the Village, I found there John Conolly a Deserter from the Volluntiers of Ir[e]land (who is on his way hither) who deserted the day before yesterday and saies the army have been for Several Days under marching orders their route unknown reports that they are to Cross into the Jersies and take a Circutious march in the rear of our works.
        While I was at the village Capt. Hopkins Sent me Three wounded dragoons belonging to Emmericks Corps taken by him this morning near Youngs Tavern I take the Liberty to enclose his Letter to one of my Aids De Camp, Capt. Hopkins Conduct does him great honor He came very near takeing Colo. Emmerick the dragoons who Escorted the wounded prisoners assert that Six of the Enemy were left dead on the Field, Surgeons are Dressing the wounded, I will Send them to Head Quarters to morrow morning to be disposed of as your Excellency may please to direct One of the Dragoons John Ambler is an Intelligent Lad and gives me the Intelligence Contained in the enclosed.
        I this Day received a Letter from Genl Glover in which is the following paragraph[:] “By the best Intelligence The Enemy are preparing for a move. Whether it is toward New York or up the Country is uncertain, The former is talked of in their Camp” from the different reports the real intentions of the Enemy are yet to be developed, Distrust is the mother of Security.
        Colo. Harrison acquainted me a Day or two Since that your Excellency purposed to have a Small work for Musquetry only thrown up Some where near the South Gorge of the Highland I have been this Day to reconnoitre the Ground there are So many heigths that I know not which to fix upon with any prospect of advantage. If I apprehended Colo. Harrison the Heigth which your Excellency proposed was near the parting of the road, to Fish kill & This place If a work is erected there only for Musquetry, Columns of Troops may Pass at the Foot of it without Injury it being at least 60 Rods to the Top of the Hill and I find no other Spot but what is Commanded by other heigths, and indeed it appears upon a view of the Ground and the advanced distance that a work Cannot be erected with any Prospect of Success but if it be your Excellency pleasure to have works there my best endeavours Shall be exerted to effect it. I have the honor to be with the greatest respect your Excellencys most obedient Servt

          W. Heath


Title: From George Washington to Major General Benjamin Lincoln, 30 July 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Lincoln, Benjamin

          My Dear Sir,
          Head Quarters West Point July 30th 1779

        Some days since Major Rice delivered me your letter of the 5th of June last—I am sorry to hear that Col. Laurens received a wound so soon after his arrival with you; as it prevented his following the dictates of his zeal and rendering the service for which he is qualified, at a moment very interesting to his Country and to his own feelings. But I am happy to hear it was slight & that it will not be long an obstacle to his wishes.
        I sincerely sympathise with you my Dr Sr, in the disagreeable aspect of our affairs to the Southward, and in the embarrassments to which your situation must necessarily expose you—Had it been possible to have afforded you any succours from the army under my command; you may be assured that public and personal motives would have equally induced me to do it—But you are not unacquainted with the insufficiency of our means every where, and the States in general seem to have been for some time past in a profound sleep. They have been amusing themselves with idle dreams of peace, and have scarcely made any exertions for the war. Till within a fortnight this army has scarcely received a single recruit, though a large part of it dissolved in the course of the last winter and spring by the expiration of the term of service for which the men were engaged—We have now a prospect of a thousand or fifteen hundred levies, at enormous bounties, for nine months from the States of Massachusetts & Connecticut which make up our whole expectations of reinforcement. Inferior in strength to the enemy we are able to do little more than to take care of ourselves and guard the communication of this river, which is supposed to be a main object of Sir Harry Clintons operations, and is certainly the point in which we are most essentially vulnerable—The other day we were fortunate enough to strike a pretty important stroke against one of the posts they had established at Kings ferry; by which the garrison of six hundred men with fifteen pieces of Artillery and a quantity of stores fell into our hands—and what made it more agreeable, at the expence of less than an hundred men, on our own part killed and wounded; of which not above thirty will be finally lost to the service—You will no doubt have seen the particulars in the Public papers before this gets to hand. This event had a good effect upon the army and country and has somewhat disconcerted the enemy. They withdrew the detachment which had been ravaging and burning on the coast of Connecticut and have since remained inactive extending along from East Chester to the North River. They have repossessed stoney point with about fourteen hundred men and are industriously

repairing the works, which were evacuated and destroyed by us from an inability to hold possession. Had it not been for some accidental delays, the opposite post at Verplanks point would probably also have fallen into our hands; and this I believe would have prevented a reestablishment of the enemy at Kings ferry. But, on account of those delays, they had time to march up in force to the relief of the post and our troops employed there were obliged in prudence to retire.
        The enemy have as yet received no reinforcement this Campaign. Lord Cornwallis is lately arrived from England; and it is said a fleet with seven thousand men sailed a few days before him. But for this I have no sufficient authority, and our European advices have been so parsimonious and vague, that I cannot venture to hazard an opinion.
        Our Army is principally at this post for its immediate security and to prosecute with vigor the works necessary to put it in such a state of defence as will give it security with its own garrison, and leave the rest of the army at liberty to operate with confidence elsewhere.
        I am mortified that the levies from Virginia have met with so much obstruction—Could they have arrived before the period you assign for the dissolution of your present force, they would have been a valuable acquisition—I hope they may not arrive too late.
        We have accounts of a late attack made by you on the enemy at Stono, which did not end so happily as might have been wished; but we have some subsequent rumours of a more agreeable complexion, which we wish may prove true; but which we are afraid to believe, from the disappointment we experienced on a recent occasion—These accounts are, that a detachment sent by you from Charlestown had taken possession of James Island, the troops upon which had been drawn off to reinforce Provost at the time of your attack, and that you were in a fair way of interrupting by the help of your Gallies the communication of the enemy on the main with their shipping. With my best wishes for your health and success and with very great esteem & regard—I am Dr Sir Your Most Obedient, servant

          Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General Anthony Wayne, 30 July 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Wayne, Anthony

          Dear Sir,
          West point July 30th 1779

        Your favor of this date came duly to hand—I shall certainly not undertake any thing (capital) without your knowledge—I wish for your opinion as a friend—not as commanding Officer of the light Troops—whether another attempt upon Stoney point by way of surprize, is eligible—(In any other manner under present appearances, and information, no good, I am sure, can result from it).

        Lord Cornwallis is undoubtedly arrived, and I have information that bears all the marks of authenticity that Admiral Arbuthnot with the grand fleet left Torbay the 26th of May, with (as it is said) 7000 Troops Hessians and British for America—A deserter who left the City of New York on Tuesday last says, it was reported that a number of Transports had arrived at Sandy hook—Firing he himself heard— I have not heard nor is it my belief that Lord Cornwallis supercedes Sir Harry. I am very sincerely and Affectionately—Dr Sir Yrs

          Go: Washington


Title: General Orders, 31 July 1779
From: Washington, George
To:

            Head-Quarters Moores-House [West Point] Saturday July 31st 1779.
            Parole Damascus—C. Signs Edom. Flanders.

          John Davidson Esquire of the 2nd Maryland regiment and eldest Captain in the 2nd Maryland brigade is appointed Brigade Major to the same ’till further orders, vice Captain Selman whose ill state of health prevents his doing that duty; and is to be obeyed and respected accordingly.
          The Inspector General is requested to review the levies that have already arrived from the State of Massachusett’s & those which hereafter arrive, before the distribution takes place and to report to Head-Quarters the number and names of those who by youth, age or infirmity are unfit for the service.
          An inspection of the whole army is also to be made by the Sub-Inspectors between the 1st & 5th of August next which is to be confined to the men, their arms & ammunition and to be conducted in such a manner as will least interfere with the prosecution of the works.
          The Quarter Master General will give particular directions to have all the horses of the Army shod and the Waggons repaired and held in perfect readiness for a speedy movement.

          Regulations for the Corps of Engineers continued.
          3rdly—The Commandant of the corps of Engineers and the commanding Engineer in a separate Army shall send plans of the more important positions and places occupied by the army in which they shall respectively serve to the board of War: These plans will of course be delivered to the Commander in Chief or General commanding a separate army by the Commandant of the Corps of Engineers or commanding Engineer.
          The Subordinate Engineers will also report plans of works intrusted to them by their superior officers, to such superior officers; and no plans are to be communicated by any Engineer to any other person or persons whatever.

          4thly—
          In the attack of Towns, Forts or fortified Camps of an enemy, by regular approaches, the commanding Engineer shall direct the operations under the authority and with the approbation of the commanding General, to whom he shall daily transmit a plan, marking out the progress of the attack and shall likewise from time to time transmit to the Board of War a plan of the said attacks together with a journal of the operations.


Title: To George Washington from Major Daniel Jenifer Adams, 31 July 1779
From: Adams, Daniel Jenifer
To: Washington, George

          Sir
          Camp at New Winsor July 31st 1779

        I am extreamly sorry to inclose you my Commission at this unseasonable time of the Campaign, with a signification of my resignation—I Observe Colonels Howard & Tillard who was Captains in the Flying Camp at the same time I was Brigade Major with the rank of Major from the State, with their promise I should rank Agreable to my Commission, The Board of Genl Officers who your Excellency was pleas’d to Appoint to settle the rank, has pleas’d to give those Officers preference in rank to me with your Excellencys Confirmation on the same—As I must look upon my self injured in point of rank, and cannot submit to the Command of those Gentn I flatter my self I shall stand excus’d with your Excellency for withdrawing from the Army— At the same time I hope your Excellency will not infer from this, that I mean to censure the Board or your Excellency, for I make no doubt but every justice has been done, as far as the confus’d situation of our Line wou’d admit of. I am with the highest respect Your Excellencys Most Obt hum: Servt

          Danl J. Adams


Title: To George Washington from Major General William Heath, 31 July 1779
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

          Dear General
          Mandavilles [Dutchess County, N.Y.]July 31st 1779

        I was honored with yours of yesterday the last evening. shall implicitly obey the Injunctions The Board of General Officers being to Sit at my Quarters this Day to Compleat the arrangment of the Massachusetts line and to dine with me forbids me the honor of dining with your Excellency.
        I herewith Send the three wounded Dragoons taken by Capt. Hopkins, John Ambler was Born in England, Ezborn Wakeley was born in Stratford in Connecticut and Joyned The Enemy the last year, John Varnel was an Inhabitant of New Yorke and a Soldier in Colo. Van Cortlands Regt from which he deserted. I have the honor to be with the greatest respect your Excellencys most Obedient Servt

          W. Heath

          P.S. this moment Two German Hussars arrived at my Quarters from verplanks which I also Send on, They were taken at Benington and Sent to Boston from whence they went to Sea and were taken by the Enemy each of them brought off his Horse One of them appears to be a Capable fellow they posess a desire to go to Boston but by the way of Albany this I think looks rather Supisious this In[s]tant another Deserter Comes in.


Title: From George Washington to George Measam, 31 July 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Measam, George

          Sir
          Head Qrs West point July the 31: 1779

        I duly received your several Letters of the 6th—7th & 25th Instant. The Batallion Hats mentioned in the first, may remain at Springfield for the present—as I would not wish any more stores to be with the Army than are absolutely essential—and the number is so small that a distribution of them would rather serve to excite uneasiness. It will be well, if you can, to procure more.

        The Commissary of Hides at Albany was appointed, I imagine, by the Board of War or by the State in consequence of some requisition by Congress—and probably received Instructions from the authority by which he was constituted. It was necessary that the Troops under Genl Clinton should have been supplied by him. I will write to him and know the footing upon which his appointment stands and the conduct which has been prescribed to him, that I may be able to give any farther directions that may be necessary.
        You will send on the Rifle Frocks—Shirts and Shoes. The Shirts are most essentially wanted—there being Many Soldiers unfit for duty on account of the deficiency.
        With respect to Mr Henry pynchon—I have no objection to his remaining with you as an Assistant, as you must have some—and they are so difficult to procure. It will not oblige the state to furnish a Man more. I do not mean however that this should impugn or counteract in the smallest degree any Law of the State that may affect Mr Pynchon or subject him to any fine for any previous conduct or non compliance with them—and my permission for his staying is to be considered under those restrictions. I am sir Yr Most Obedt servant

          Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General Samuel Holden Parsons, 31 July 1779
From: Parsons, Samuel Holden
To: Washington, George

          Dear General
          31st July 79

        last Night I receivd the inclosed Depositions of the Savage Conduct of the British Troops at New Haven; these are but a small Number of many Instances of similar Barbarities in that Town, the Depositions from Fairfield I expect every Hour when they arrive I will transmit them. I am Yr Excellencys Obedt Servt

          Saml H. Parsons


Title: From George Washington to Isaac Schultz, Moses Gale, and Leonard D. Nicoll, 31 July 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Schultz, Isaac,Gale, Moses,Nicoll, Leonard D.

          Gentlen
          Wt Pt July 31st 1779

        I was favord with your letter by Esquire Nicoll—It gives me pain at all times, to put the inhabitants of any part of the Country to an inconvenience—nor is it ever done but from necessity & a regard to the Public good—In the present instance—I can only say that if you can point out proper places for the accommodation of the sick—that may be approved by Genl Greene & the director Genl of the Hospital—I shall be happy, to find the Church at New Windsor, appropriated to the use for which it was originally intended—if not—I make no doubt you will readily acquiesce, in a matter so essential to the public good. I am Gentn Yr Mo. Obet servt

          G. Washington


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General Anthony Wayne, 31 July 1779
From: Wayne, Anthony
To: Washington, George

          Dear General
          Fish Kill landing [N.Y.] 31st July 1779

        It was not until 10. OClock this morning that I was honored with your favor of yesterday, (& not as Commanding Officer of the Light Corps, but as your Excellency desires) I now give my Opinion on the point you require.

        The Enemy will certainly profit so far by their late misfortune at Stoney point, as to provide for, or guard against a Surprize, & to find out, & Strengthen the most Vulnerable & weak parts of their works, Indeed they are at this time Industriously employed in that very business, as well as friezing and perhaps enclosing the old Works, as you’l see by the letter of equal date with this herewith transmitted.
        but I am fully of Opinion that the Light Corps with the Addition of One Thousand more picked men & Officers properly Appointed would cary that post by Assault in the night with the loss of between four & five Hundred men, which is the least Number I can think of Calculating upon, supposing the Enemy to be but One Thousand strong, but should they be more it will require a force and Consequently a loss in proportion.
        This is only my Idea—but if your Excellency should be of Opinion that this buisness ought to be attempted, I will with the greatest chearfulness under-take the charge, altho’ I am not quite Recovered of my former hurt, unless your Excellency has some Other Officer in your eye more Competent to the task. Interim believe me yours most Affectionately

          Anty Wayne


Title: From George Washington to Lieutenant Colonel Anthony Walton White, 31 July 1779
From: Washington, George
To: White, Anthony Walton

          [West Point] 31st July—1779.

        General Washington presents his compliments to Colo. White and thanks him for the Bridle, Stirrups & Spurs which he obligingly presented him with. The workmanship does great credit to the artisan. and is a demonstrable proof of the perfection to which this manufactory is brought.


Title: To George Washington from Colonel Thaddeus Kosciuszko, July 1779
From: Kosciuszko, Thaddeus
To: Washington, George

          Sir,
          [July 1779]

        I have only two Masons as yet Some from the Main Army, and do not expect any more, the Officers being unvilling to part with them. I applyed to the Detachements here who had a number of them, wrote to the Officers in the most pressing terms shewing the necessity of it but got nonce.
        I am out of the lime, it is true I have a promise of having some more but when I cannot tele.
        One of the Justice wrote to Mr Whiting G:Q:M: that General Green has excused the Inhabitants from sending more Teams than Ten, I suppose he has in view to imploy the Teams of the Brygades, as they do nothing at Present to ease the Burthen of the In habitants.
        I have Twenty Carpenters Sick by raison of drinking Water in this hot Weather (as they say) they suppose that one Half Gill added to them daily allowance would remedy the Evil.
        Col: Stewert was so good as to let me have a Stone Cutter from his Regiment for one Week I wish to have him for a Month having much to do and know not where to find another. Your Excellency with parfect Respect very Humble Servant.

          Thad: Kosciuszko col.


Title: Thoughts on Defense of West Point, July 1779
From: Washington, George
To:

          [July 1779]

        The Enemy may operate four ways if they have received any considerable reinforcement—which they will choose, is difficult, at this moment, to decide on.
        viz.
        They may attack the Fort, & consequently the Army, which is here for its defence.
        or,
        If the Army is their object, it may be struck at as unconnected with, & independant of, the Fort. in any situation, & under every Circumstance.
        or.
        If the Fort is the object, & they want to draw the Army from it. or the Army is the object, but the situation of it is disliked on Account of the Mountains & defiles wch environs this post, & its present Incampment.
        They may.
        In order to obtain advantages by effecting one or the other of the above ends operate upon our right flank and by harrassing the Country, menacing Philadelphia, or endangering our communication and indeed Stores at Easton & elsewhere west of this Post draw us into the lowlands.
        or
        For semilar purposes but more especially with a view of drawing us further from our supplies thereby lengthening our communication & rendering it more expensive difficult & hazardous they may operate upon our left flank & more to the Eastward.
        —————
        Let us consider then the most probable operation of the enemy in each of these cases.
        First
        The Post at West point—and consequently the Army, which is

involved with it. Taking it for granted that the enemy will never attempt works of this kind by assault (unless it is by surprize, which it is our business to guard against) I shall suppose their operations will be by regular approaches and to avoid the consequences of a division of force (unless they are stronger than I conceive them to be) will endeavour with their whole force to possess the heights, and establish themselves on one side of the River first. and the East side of the two being more likely because it is most difficult for us to be supplied on and by an entire land carriage from their present posts at Kings Ferry easiest if not the safest for them—If they operate on that side it appears to me that they must depend upon a Land transportation of supplies from Verplanks point or Peekskill landing through the Continental Village as water carriage might be rendered precarious, difficult and hazardous. after having made a sufficient lodgment on the East side, erected batteries secured & amply supplied them with provision & stores they will in order to compleat the Investiture & reduction of the Post remove their whole force to the West side.
        or
        Vice versa—they may begin their operations on the West & afterwards establish Posts on the East—or if the business can be done without may confine their operations to the West-side wholly as less dangerous. In this case I conceive their first movement will be to old Fort Clinton as a secure lodgment & protection to the Water communication that far—and within a short distance of the first heights which will be necessary for them to possess, to commence their approaches.
        In these cases what is the proper line of Conduct for us to observe?
        The first great point—is by every possible means to discover the real design of the enemy, & distinguish feints from serious movements. and neglecting the Party intended for the feint unless it can be easily cut of[f] oppose our whole force except what ought to be in the Redoubts to the enemy’s which will be found most efficatious upon their flank and rear—in order to gain these it will be necessary if there can be any previous knowledge of the time of their intended movement to advance.


Title: To George Washington from Capt. Bartholomew von Heer, 1 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Heer, Bartholomew von
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Capt. Bartholomew von Heer, 1 June 1779. GW’s aide-de-camp Richard Kidder Meade wrote Heer on this date: “His Excellency received your favor of this date, & I have it in command from him, to inform you that by a letter he has lately rec’d from the Board of War [25 May], that the Baron [Johann Heinrich Wulffen] is looked upon as out of the service— It will then be only necessary on yr part (in order that he may obtain a discharge) to give him a certificate of his having settled all his public accounts, and that he has only drawn pay in your Corps to such a date—This you will be pleased to communicate to the Baron, who on his application here, will receive his discharge & an order for his pay until this day” (DLC:GW).


Title: To George Washington from Capt. James Peale, 1 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Peale, James
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Capt. James Peale, 1 June 1779. GW wrote Peale on 2 June: “I have received your letter of the 1st instant.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. Arthur St. Clair, 1 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: St. Clair, Arthur
To: Washington, George

Letters not found: from Maj. Gen. Arthur St. Clair, 1 June 1779. GW wrote St. Clair on 2 June: “I duly received your two Letters of Yesterday.”


Title: To George Washington from Philip Schuyler, 1 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Schuyler, Philip
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Philip Schuyler, 1 June 1779. GW wrote Schuyler on 9 June: “I have only time to thank you for your several favours of the 16th 21st & 30th of May first and 5th of June.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. Arthur St. Clair, 2 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: St. Clair, Arthur
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Gen. Arthur St. Clair, 2 June 1779. GW wrote St. Clair in a second letter of this date: “I have received your letter of this date ½ past eight.” GW also wrote St. Clair on 3 June: “I received your favor of yesterday at 10 OClock last night.” For a likely extract from this unfound letter, see GW to John Jay, 3 June (first letter), and n.2 to that document.


Title: From George Washington to Maj. Gen. Johann Kalb, 3 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Kalb, Johann

Letter not found: to Maj. Gen. Johann Kalb, 3 June 1779. GW’s aide-de-camp Alexander Hamilton wrote a note below the postscript on the draft manuscript of GW to Major General Stirling, 2 June 1779: “The former instructions substantially to Baron DeKalb ‘directing him to advance & form a junction with the other troops—with all diligence’ dated the 3d” (DLC:GW).


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. Alexander McDougall, 3 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: McDougall, Alexander
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Gen. Alexander McDougall, 3 June. GW wrote Brig. Gen. Henry Knox on 4 June: “By a letter this moment arrived from General McDougall dated two OClock yesterday.”


Title: To George Washington from Brig. Gen. John Neilson, 3 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Neilson, John
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Brig. Gen. John Neilson, 3 June 1779. GW wrote Neilson on 4 June: “I have duly received your two favors of yesterdays date.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. Arthur St. Clair, 3 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: St. Clair, Arthur
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Gen. Arthur St. Clair, 3 June 1779. GW’s secretary Robert Hanson Harrison wrote to St. Clair on this date, 11:30 P.M.: “General Woodford has transmitted His Excellency Your favor of this morning dated at ½ past ten A.M.” (DLC:GW; see GW to St. Clair, this date, and the source note to that document).


Title: To George Washington from Brig. Gen. James Clinton, 6 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Clinton, James
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Brig. Gen. James Clinton, 6 June 1779. GW wrote Clinton on 10 June: “I have received your two favours of the 28th of May and 6th of June.”


Title: To George Washington from Lt. Col. Benjamin Temple, 6 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Temple, Benjamin
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Lt. Col. Benjamin Temple, 6 June 1779. GW wrote Temple on 28 June: “I have received your favour of the 6th.” For two sentences from Temple’s letter, see GW to Charles Scott, 28 June.


Title: To George Washington from Col. William Malcom, 7 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Malcom, William
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Col. William Malcom, 7 June 1779. GW’s secretary Robert Hanson Harrison wrote Malcom on this date: “His Excellency has been

favoured with Your Letter of to day & thanks you much for the information transmitted. He hopes he shall have the pleasure of seeing Governor Clinton to morrow, when he will speak to him, respecting the Militia. The General is exceedingly obliged by your tender of services” (DLC:GW).


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 8 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Lee, Henry Jr.
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 8 June 1779. GW wrote Lee on 9 June: “I recd yr favor of yesterdays date.”


Title: To George Washington from Philip Schuyler, 8 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Schuyler, Philip
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Philip Schuyler, 8 June 1779. GW wrote Schuyler on 13 June: “I received last night your favour of the 8th Instant.”


Title: To George Washington from George Measam, 9 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Measam, George
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from George Measam, 9 June 1779. GW wrote Measam on 13 June: “Your favour of the 9th instant came to hand yesterday.”


Title: To George Washington from Col. Moses Hazen, 10 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Hazen, Moses
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Col. Moses Hazen, 10 June 1779. GW wrote Hazen on 20 July: “I have duly received Your favors of the 10th Ult. & 10 Inst.”


Title: To George Washington from Brig. Gen. John Neilson, 11 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Neilson, John
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Brig. Gen. John Neilson, 11 June 1779. GW wrote Neilson on 13 June: “I have to acknowledge the receipt of your favor of the 11th and to return you my thanks for the news Papers which it inclosed.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 15 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Lee, Henry Jr.
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 15 June 1779. GW wrote Lee on 21 June: “While I was at West point I recd your favors of the 15th & 17th.”


Title: To George Washington from John Morgan, 16 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Morgan, John
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from John Morgan, 16 June 1779. GW wrote Morgan on 24 June: “Your Letter of the 16th instant came to hand yesterday.”


Title: To George Washington from Col. David Hall, 17 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Hall, David
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Col. David Hall, 17 June 1779. GW wrote Hall on 21 June: “I have received your letter of the 17th.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 17 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Lee, Henry Jr.
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 17 June 1779. GW wrote Lee on 21 June: “While I was at West point I recd your favors of the 15th & 17th.”


Title: To George Washington from Philip Schuyler, 18 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Schuyler, Philip
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Philip Schuyler, 18 June 1779. GW wrote Schuyler on 9–11 July: “On sunday [4 July] I had the pleasure to receive Your favors of the 18th 19th & 30th.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. Robert Howe, 19 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Howe, Robert
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Gen. Robert Howe, 19 June 1779. GW wrote Howe on 25 June: “I received, my Dear Sir, Your favour of the 19th yesterday.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. Alexander McDougall, 19 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: McDougall, Alexander
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Gen. Alexander McDougall, 19 June 1779. GW wrote McDougall on 25 June: “In answer to your Letter of the 19th.”


Title: To George Washington from Philip Schuyler, 19 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Schuyler, Philip
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Philip Schuyler, 19 June 1779. GW wrote Schuyler on 9–11 July: “On sunday [4 July] I had the pleasure to receive Your favors of the 18th 19th & 30th.”


Title: To George Washington from James Geary, 20 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Geary, James
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from James Geary, 20 June 1779. GW wrote Geary on 21 June: “Yr favr of yesterdays date I have received.”


Title: To George Washington from Capt. Joseph-Pierre-Charles, baron de Frey, 21 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Frey, Joseph-Pierre-Charles, baron de
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Capt. Joseph-Pierre-Charles, baron de Frey, 21 June 1779. GW wrote Frey on 24 June: “I have received your letter of the 21st with the inclosed papers.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. Steuben, 22 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm Ludolf Gerhard Augustin, baron von
To: Washington, George

Letters not found: from Maj. Gen. Steuben, 22 June 1779. GW wrote Steuben on 1 July: “I have been favoured with four letters from you three of the 22d and one of the 27th.”


Title: To George Washington from Col. Richard Butler, 23 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Butler, Richard
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Col. Richard Butler, 23 June 1779. GW wrote Butler on 24 June: “I have received your two favours of the 22d and 23d.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. Alexander McDougall, 23 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: McDougall, Alexander
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Gen. Alexander McDougall, 23 June 1779. GW wrote McDougall on this day, 9:45 P.M.: “Half an hour ago I received your Note at eight P.M.”


Title: To George Washington from George Clinton, 24 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Clinton, George
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from George Clinton, 24 June 1779. GW wrote Clinton on 27 June: “I have received your two favours of the 24th and 25th.”


Title: To George Washington from Col. James Livingston, 25 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Livingston, James
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Col. James Livingston, 25 June 1779. GW wrote Livingston on 29 July: “I duly received your letter of the 25th of June which hurry of business has prevented my acknowleging sooner.”


Title: To George Washington from Col. Theodorick Bland, 26 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Bland, Theodorick
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Col. Theodorick Bland, 26 June 1779. GW wrote Bland on 20 Aug.: “Your favr of the 26th June, which was handed to me by the Board of War, did not reach me till this day.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Benjamin Tallmadge, 26 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Tallmadge, Benjamin
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Benjamin Tallmadge, 26 June 1779. GW wrote Tallmadge on 27 June (first letter): “Your letter of yesterday came safe to my hands.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 27 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Lee, Henry Jr.
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 27 June 1779. GW wrote Lee on 28 June: “I have rec’d your letter dated yesterday.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 27 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Lee, Henry Jr.
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 27 June 1779. GW wrote Lee on 30 June: “Yr favor dated 27th inst. was handed to me to day by Capt. McLane, inclosing your proposals for the incorporation of his company with your Corps.”


Title: From George Washington to Betty Washington Lewis, 27 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Lewis, Betty Washington

Letter not found: to Betty Washington Lewis, 27 June 1779. Lewis wrote GW on 21 Sept.: “Yours of the 27th of June I receiv’d with the Inclos’d from Mr Peale” (MiDbEI).


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. Steuben, 27 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm Ludolf Gerhard Augustin, baron von
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Gen. Steuben, 27 June 1779. GW wrote Steuben on 1 July: “I have been favoured with four letters from you three of the 22d and one of the 27th.”


Title: To George Washington from George Clinton, 28 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Clinton, George
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from George Clinton, 28 June 1779. GW wrote Clinton in a second letter on this date: “I just now received your favor of to day.”


Title: To George Washington from Oliver Clarke, 29 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Clarke, Oliver
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Oliver Clarke, 29 June 1779. GW wrote Clarke on 29 July: “I have received your favour of the 29th of June which a multiplicity of business has prevented my answering before.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. Steuben, 29 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm Ludolf Gerhard Augustin, baron von
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Gen. Steuben, 29 June 1779. GW wrote Steuben on 1 July: “The proposals towards a monthly inspection contained in … your letter of the 29th appear in general to be very eligible.”


Title: To George Washington from William Goodrich, 30 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Goodrich, William
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from William Goodrich, 30 June 1779. GW wrote Goodrich on 4 July: “I have received Your Letter of the 30th Ulto.”


Title: To George Washington from Capt. Samuel Kearsley, 30 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Kearsley, Samuel
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Capt. Samuel Kearsley, 30 June 1779. GW wrote Kearsley on 9 July: “I have successively received your two favours of the 4th and 30th of June.”


Title: To George Washington from Lt. Col. William Washington, 30 June 1779 [letter not found]
From: Washington, William
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Lt. Col. William Washington, 30 June 1779. GW wrote Washington on 8 July: “On saturday [3 July] I received Your Letter of the 30th of June.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. Stirling, 2 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Stirling, Lord (né William Alexander)
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Gen. Stirling, 2 July 1779. GW wrote to Stirling on 4 July: “I received yesterday Your Letter of the 2d with an Extract from your Orders and the proceedings of a Committee of Officers for fixing the prices of provision.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Benjamin Tallmadge, 3 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Tallmadge, Benjamin
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Benjamin Tallmadge, 3 July 1779. GW wrote Tallmadge on 5 July: “I have just received your letter of the 3d.”


Title: To George Washington from Lt. Col. Robert Ballard, 4 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Ballard, Robert
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Lt. Col. Robert Ballard, 4 July 1779. GW wrote Ballard from West Point on 30 July: “I have duly received your letter of the 4th instant. Agreeable to your desire, I accept your resignation; but as it is customary and necessary that an officer who leaves the service should settle his public accounts, I am to request you will take the earliest opportunity of effecting a settlement of yours and will produce the proper certificates at Head Quarters” (Df, in Alexander Hamilton’s writing, DLC:GW; Varick transcript, DLC:GW).


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 4 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Lee, Henry Jr.
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 4 July 1779. GW wrote Lee on 5 July: “Your letter of yesterday I recd this day.”


Title: To George Washington from Justin Ely, 5 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Ely, Justin
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Justin Ely, 5 July 1779. GW wrote Ely on 12 July: “I had not the Honor till a few minutes ago to receive Your Letter of the 5th of July.”


Title: To George Washington from Col. Stephen Moylan, 5 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Moylan, Stephen
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Col. Stephen Moylan, 5 July 1779. GW wrote Moylan on 10 July: “I have received your two letters of the 5th and 8th.”


Title: To George Washington from the committee on the mustering department, 5 July 1779 [letter not found]
From:
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from the committee on the mustering department, 5 July 1779. GW wrote the committee on 20 Aug.: “I was duly honored with your letter of the 5th of last month.”


Title: To George Washington from George Measam, 6 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Measam, George
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from George Measam, 6 July 1779. Measam wrote GW on 7 July: “In my Letter of yesterday I forgot to mention to your Excellency.” GW also wrote Measam on 31 July: “I duly received your several Letters of the 6th—7th & 25th Instant.”


Title: To George Washington from Capt. Allen McLane, 7 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: McLane, Allen
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Capt. Allen McLane, 7 July. GW’s secretary Robert Hanson Harrison wrote McLane on 10 July: “Upon examining Your Letter of the 7th to His Excellency with more attention than circumstances would admit when Mr Dunn was here, I find it necessary that You should make out a Return of the Mens names who have not been paid by Capn prowell—and also of those who have been with you whose pay is in his hands. The Return should specify the amount of pay due each and for what months. You will likewise mention the name of the Man drafted into Another Company & the Company. As soon as we obtain the return—A Letter will be written to Colo. Hubley upon the subject” (NHi: McLane Papers).


Title: To George Washington from the Board of War, 8 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Board of War
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from the Board of War, 8 July 1779. GW wrote the Board of War on 11 July: “I am this morning honored with your letters of the 3 and 8th.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. Johann Kalb, 8 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Kalb, Johann
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Gen. Johann Kalb, 8 July 1779. GW wrote Kalb on this date: “Mr Galvan has delivered me your favour of this day.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 8 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Lee, Henry Jr.
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 8 July 1779. GW wrote Lee on 9 July: “I have received your letter of yesterday & thank you for the intelligence you communicated.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 9 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Lee, Henry Jr.
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 9 July 1779. GW wrote Lee on 10 July: “I have this moment received your letter of the 9th.”


Title: To George Washington from Brig. Gen. Samuel Holden Parsons, 9 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Parsons, Samuel Holden
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Brig. Gen. Samuel Holden Parsons, 9 July 1779. GW wrote Parsons on 10 July: “I have received Your favors of the 9th from Luddington’s & Redding.” The letter that Parsons wrote from the location of Henry Ludington’s mills and home in Dutchess County, N.Y., is the one that has not been found.


Title: To George Washington from Col. Goose Van Schaick, 9 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Schaick, Goose Van
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Col. Goose Van Schaick, 9 July 1779. GW wrote Van Schaick on 22 July: “I have received Your favors of the 9th and 15th Instant.”


Title: To George Washington from Col. Theodorick Bland, 10 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Bland, Theodorick
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Col. Theodorick Bland, 10 July 1779. GW wrote Bland on 27 July: “I received Your favor of the 10th by Yesterday’s post.”


Title: To George Washington from the Board of War, 10 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Board of War
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from the Board of War, 10 July 1779. GW wrote the Board of War on 22 July: “I have now to acknowledge the Honor of Your Several Letters of the 28 Ulto and of the 10th 11th 14th & 15th Instant with the several papers & Commissions to which they refer.”


Title: To George Washington from James Hallett, 10 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Hallett, James
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from James Hallett, 10 July 1779. GW wrote Hallett on 22 July: “I have received Your Letters of the 10th & 12th Instant—both of the same tenor.”


Title: To George Washington from Col. Moses Hazen, 10 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Hazen, Moses
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Col. Moses Hazen, 10 July 1779. GW wrote Hazen on 20 July: “I have duly received Your favors of the 10th Ult. & 10 Inst.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. Johann Kalb, 10 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Kalb, Johann
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Gen. Johann Kalb, 10 July 1779. GW wrote Kalb on 11 July: “I received your favor of yesterdays date.”


Title: To George Washington from the Board of War, 11 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Board of War
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from the Board of War, 11 July 1779. GW wrote the Board of War on 22 July: “I have now to acknowledge the Honor of Your Several Letters of the 28 Ulto and of the 10th 11th 14th & 15th Instant with the several papers & Commissions to which they refer.”


Title: To George Washington from James Hallett, 12 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Hallett, James
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from James Hallett, 12 July 1779. GW wrote Hallett on 22 July: “I have received Your Letters of the 10th & 12th Instant—both of the same tenor.”


Title: To George Washington from the Board of War, 14 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Board of War
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from the Board of War, 14 July 1779. GW wrote the Board of War on 22 July: “I have now to acknowledge the Honor of Your Several Letters of the 28 Ulto and of the 10th 11th 14th & 15th Instant with the several papers & Commissions to which they refer.”


Title: To George Washington from the Board of War, 15 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Board of War
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from the Board of War, 15 July 1779. GW wrote the Board of War on 22 July: “I have now to acknowledge the Honor of Your Several Letters of the 28 Ulto and of the 10th 11th 14th & 15th Instant with the several papers & Commissions to which they refer.” GW also wrote the Board of War on 25 July: “I am honored with your two letters of the 15th and 16th.”


Title: From George Washington to Maj. Gen. Israel Putnam, 15 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Putnam, Israel

Letter not found: to Maj. Gen. Israel Putnam, 15 July 1779. Putnam wrote GW on 16 July: “Your Excellencys Letter of yesterday did not reach me till 7 oClock this morning.”


Title: From George Washington to Simon Phillips, 16 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Phillips, Simon

Letter not found: to Simon Phillips, 16 July 1779. Phillips wrote GW on 18 July: “I am Just now honourd with your Excellencys Letter of the 16th Inst.”


Title: From George Washington to Maj. Gen. Israel Putnam, 16 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Putnam, Israel

Letter not found: to Maj. Gen. Israel Putnam, 16 July 1779. Putnam wrote GW on 16 July: “I am this moment honord with your Excellencys Letter,

announcing the agreeable & happy news of Genl Waynes Success.” The date is supplied on the basis of Washington’s letters of this date on this topic to George Clinton, John Jay, William Livingston, and Alexander McDougall.


Title: From George Washington to Maj. Gen. Alexander McDougall, 17 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: McDougall, Alexander

Letter not found: to Maj. Gen. Alexander McDougall, 17 July 1779. McDougall wrote GW on this date: “Your Excellencys Favor of this Day is this Moment received.”


Title: To George Washington from Col. Nathaniel Gist and Officers of the Virginia Line, 23 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Gist, Nathaniel
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Col. Nathaniel Gist and Officers of the Virginia Line, 23 July 1779. GW wrote Gist and the other officers on 24 July: “I have received your letter of yesterday.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. William Heath, 24 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Gen. William Heath, 24 July 1779. GW wrote Heath on this day: “Your favor of this morning inclosing a letter from Captain Hopkins I have just received.”


Title: To George Washington from Edmund Randolph, 24 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Randolph, Edmund
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Edmund Randolph, 24 July 1779. GW wrote Randolph on 1 Aug.: “I recd with pleasure & thank you for your obliging favor of the 24th Ult.” (DLC:GW).


Title: To George Washington from George Measam, 25 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Measam, George
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from George Measam, 25 July 1779. GW wrote Measam on 31 July: “I duly received your several Letters of the 6th—7th & 25th Instant.”


Title: To George Washington from Brig. Gen. Charles Scott, 26 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Scott, Charles
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Brig. Gen. Charles Scott, 26 July 1779. GW wrote Scott on 17 Aug.: “I have been favd with yours of the 20th & 26th ulto” (DLC:GW).


Title: To George Washington from Volckert Pieterse Douw, 27 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Douw, Volckert Pieterse
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Volckert Pieterse Douw, 27 July 1779. GW wrote Douw on 29 July: “I last night received the favour of your letter of the 27th on the subject of the restoration of the Onondaga prisoners.”


Title: To George Washington from Brig. Gen. John Glover, 27 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Glover, John
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Brig. Gen. John Glover, 27 July 1779. GW wrote Glover on 29 July: “I have also been favoured with Your Letter of the 27th.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 28 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Lee, Henry Jr.
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Henry Lee, Jr., 28 July. GW’s aide-de-camp Richard Kidder Meade wrote Lee from West Point on that date: “By his Excys desire I wrote to you this morning requesting your attendance here on the very subject mentioned in yr letter of this date—He still requests you will come on after making the necessary inquireys in order that the scheme you propose may be adopted” (DLC:GW).


Title: To George Washington from Col. Stephen Moylan, 29 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Moylan, Stephen
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Col. Stephen Moylan, 29 July 1779. GW wrote Moylan on 1 Aug.: “I received Your favor of the 29th Ulto and thank you for the intelligence it contains” (NjMoHP).


Title: To George Washington from Col. Goose Van Schaick, 29 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Van Schaick, Goose
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Col. Goose Van Schaick, 29 July 1779. GW wrote Van Schaick on 3 Aug.: “I am favoured with your letter of the 29th of July, transmitting the disagreeable acct of the capture of Lt [William] Scudder and his party” (DLC:GW).


Title: To George Washington from Col. Ann Hawkes Hay, 30 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Hay, Ann Hawkes
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Col. Ann Hawkes Hay, 30 July 1779. In the draft of a letter dated 2 Aug. from GW to Hay, which is in the writing of GW’s aide-de-camp Alexander Hamilton, there are struck-out words that read: “your letter dated the 30th of July” (DLC:GW).


Title: To George Washington from Brig. Gen. Anthony Wayne, 30 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Wayne, Anthony
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Brig. Gen. Anthony Wayne, 30 July 1779. GW wrote Wayne on this day: “Your favor of this date came duly to hand.”


Title: To George Washington from Maj. Gen. Robert Howe, 31 July 1779 [letter not found]
From: Howe, Robert
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Maj. Gen. Robert Howe, 31 July 1779. GW wrote Howe on 1 Aug.: “I received Your favor of Yesterday” (DLC:GW).


Title: General Orders, 1 August 1779
From: Washington, George
To:

          Head-Quarters Moores-House [West Point]Sunday Augt 1st 1779.
          Parole Glocester—  C. Signs Hampstead Ida.

        The Honorable the Congress on the 5th of April last were pleased to pass the following resolve.
        That the regimental clothiers have an allowance of thirty dollars pr month in addition to their present appointment.
        The board of General Officers appointed by the order of the 23rd ultimo, have reported that the rank & precedence of the regiments in the Massachusett’s line should stand as in the following arrangement, being founded on the seniority of the officers who first commanded them under the appointments made in consequence of the resolution of Congress of September 16th 1776.

            Vose’s
            1st
            Wesson’s
            9th

            Bailey’s
            2nd
            Marshall’s
            10th

            Greaton’s
            3rd
            Tupper’s
            11th

            Shepard’s
            4th
            Late Brewers
            12th

            Putnam’s
            5th
            —— Wigglesworth’s
            13th

            Nixon’s
            6th
            Bradford’s
            14th

            Late Alden’s
            7th
            Bigelow’s
            15th

            Jackson’s
            8th

        The Commander in Chief approves the arrangement and the regiments henceforth are to rank and to be numbered accordingly.
        The General being informed that a number of men have been left at New-Windsor and the neighborhood as baggage guards, directs that they be immediately withdrawn to join their regiments and that the baggage be either stored there or bro’t to the army; the former will be preferable; in either case, the Quarter Master General will give the necessary assistance.
        Fatigue rum at the rate of a gill pr day pr man to be constantly issued to the different parties on fatigue and to the Artificers employed in carrying on the works; This to be delivered by the Issuing Commissary or Keeper of the Magazines on returns signed by the superintendents of the different works who are requested to be careful to prevent imposition.
        The Commander in Chief directs that a General Officer of the day be appointed to attend to the police of the camp.
        All officers are requested to be attentive to the appearance of any

strangers at this post and to send all such as cannot give a good account of themselves and have not proper passes to the General of the day to be by him critically examined, and if not satisfied of their characters and business, he is to have them sent instantly away; on pain of punishment if they are afterwards found loitering about; or committed to the Provost if there are any circumstances of suspicion to justify it.


Title: To George Washington from Major General William Heath, 1 August 1779
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

          Dear General
          Mandavilles [Dutchess County, N.Y.]Augst 1st 1779

        This morning at half past three oClock, I received the enclosed pr Express From Capt. Hopkins—it is probable further Intelligence will come to hand in the Coarse of the Day, if their should it shall be transmitted immediately.
        can Capt. Hopkins purchase the Horses he has taken for the Use of the Regt? I have the honor to be with the greatest respect your Excellencys most obedient Servt

          W. Heath


Title: From George Washington to Major General Robert Howe, 1 August 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Howe, Robert

          D. Sir
          West point August the 1st 1779

        I received Your favor of Yesterday. I have nothing to add upon the subject of your command.
        It was reported to me yesterday morning, that part of the Enemy had crossed the river and were moving towards the English neighbourhood in Jersey, but it was contradicted last night—and the party taken for the Enemy by the Militia, proved to be some of Lee’s dismounted Dragoons. I am Dr sir with great regard Yr Most Obedt servant

          Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Colonel Stephen Moylan, 1 August 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Moylan, Stephen

          Dr Sir
          Head Qrs [West Point] August 1st 1779

        I received Your favor of the 29th Ulto and thank you for the intelligence it contains.
        General Howe has gone to Ridgefield to take the command of Glovers Brigade and all the Troops in that quarter—and will make such dispositions of them as may appear best. I am sorry it is not in my power to send you any hard money. I have but little—and it is more particularly intended for persons within the Enemy’s lines. If you will make out a return of your dismounted men—and of the necessary Arms & Accoutrements and will send for them—I will direct them to be supplied. I am Dr Sir with great regard Yr most Obt St

          Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Edmund Randolph, 1 August 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Randolph, Edmund

          Dear Sir,
          West-point Augt 1st 1779

        I recd with pleasure & thank you for your obliging favor of the 24th Ult.—I shall be happy in such communications as your leizure—& other considerations—will permit you to transmit me for I am as totally unacquainted with the political state of things, & what is going forward in the great national Council, as if I was an alien; when a competent knowledge of the temper and designs of our allies from time to time, and the frequent changes & complexion of affairs in Europe might, as they ought to do, have a considerable influence on the operations of our Army & would in many cases determine the

propriety of measures which under a cloud of darkness can only be groped at—I say this upon the presumption, that Congress, either through their own Ministers, or that of France must be acquainted, in some degree, with the Plans of G. Britn & the designs of France & Spain. If I mistake in this conjecture it is to be lamented that they have not better information—or, if political motives renders Disclosures of this kind improper, I am content to remain in ignorance.
        From what causes it proceeds I shall not undertake to say, but so the fact is, we are labouring under the effects, of two of the greatest evils that can befall a State at War, viz.—a reduced army at the begin[nin]g of a Campaign (which, more than probable, is intended for a decisive one)—and want of Money, or rather a redundancy of it; by which it is become of no value. Why timely expedients were not hit upon to guard against the first, and what measures have been, or can be, at this late hour adopted, to remove the Second, belongs to your honorable body to point out. for me, to lament the one, & feel the ill effects of the other, is all that remains.
        I heard of your arrival at Phila. with pleasure and shall when circumstances will permit you to leave it, be happy in seeing you at Camp. being with very great regard & affecte. Dr Sir Yr most Obedt Hble Servt

          Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Major General John Sullivan, 1 August 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Sullivan, John

          Dr Sir,
          Head Quarters West Point August 1st 1779

        Brandt at the head of a party of Whites & Indians said to have amounted to eighty or ninety men has lately made an incursion into the Minisinks and cut off a party of fifty or sixty of our militia. It is reported that Brandt himself was either killed or wounded in the action—By a fellow belonging to this party, who has fallen into our hands, as he pretends voluntarily (but is suspected to have mistaken his way) I am informed that the party came from Chemung in quest of provisions of which the savages are in great want. He says their deficiency in this respect is so great that they are obliged to keep

themselves in a dispersed state; and when they collect will not be able to remain long together. He gives the following account of their strength movements & designs—That the whole force they will be able to assemble will not exceed fifteen hundred fighting men Whites and Indians which they themselves conceive will be equal to double the number of our men in the woods—That Butler with a party of both sorts was at Conosadago in number 3 or 400—That at Chemung and the adjacent towns were two or three hundred warriors—That Chemung was appointed as the place of rendezvous where or in the neighbourhood the Indians intended to give you battle, after which if they were unsuccessful they intended to retire towards Niagara harrassing your march as much as possible with small parties and by ambuscades—That some of the towns had sent off their old men & women others more confident and discrediting that there was an army coming against them, had still kept them at home—That no reinforcement had yet come from Canada; but that Brandt who was lately arrived from thence assured the Indians there was one coming after him—The principal strength of the Indians is in the Genesee Towns.
        You will give as much credit to this account as you think proper and in proportion to its conformity to your other intelligence. The informant is a deserter from Cortlandts regiment who says he was carried off by force to the Indians and took the present opportunity of leaving them. He appears not to be destitute of shrewdness and as his apprehensions were pretty strong I am inclined to think as far as his knowledge extended he was sincere.
        In my last I forget to inform you that on the 15th instant at night Brigadier Genl Wayne with the Light Infantry took stony point by assault. The whole garrison consisting of about 600 men with Col. Johnson commanding officer—fifteen pieces of cannon of different sizes & a quantity of stores fell into our hands. Our loss in killed & wounded was less than an hundred—of which not above thirty will be finally lost to the service—General Wayne received a wound in the head—This affair does great honor to our troops who entered the works at the point of the bayonet, scarcely firing a gun. The post you may recollect was extremely formidable by nature and strongly fortified—The enemy, it is said, supposed it capable of defying our whole force. The opposite point had it not been for some unavoidable accidents would probably have also fallen into our hands—The enemy from these had time to come to its relief and have since reposs[ess]ed stony point, which we evacuated and destroyed. I am with great regard Dr Sr Yr Obet, servt

          G. Washington

          P.s. Inclosed is a duplicate of mine of the 29th with its inclosures, lest there should be a miscarriage.


Title: General Orders, 2 August 1779
From: Washington, George
To:

            Head-Quarters Moores-House [West Point]Monday August 2nd 79.
            Parole  C. Signs

          The board of General officers on the Massachusetts arrangement are requested to meet again tomorrow ten ôclock forenoon at the same place to determine a further matter which will be submitted.
          Each Massachusett’s regiment is to make out a list of the men of the New-Levies, or nine month’s men who are Carpenters, Blacksmith’s, Armourers, House or Wheel-Wrights Sailors &c.—or of any other trade and deliver the list to Major General McDougall; Those who

have no trade are immediately to relieve the guards at the hospitals and stores at Fish-Kill and elsewhere; Likewise the baggage & Commissaries guards &c. and the old guards are to be sent back to their respective regiments.

              Captains—
              Captn Lieutenants
              1st Lieutenants.

              Bebee
              Gilliland
              Cleveland—

              McMurray—
              Bushnell
              Welsh.

              Du-Val—
              Little—

          who are nominated as officers to the companies of Sappers & Miners are requested forthwith to call upon Brigadier General Du-Portail and take his orders.
          Captain John Doughty of the corps of Artillery is appointed Brigade Major to the same ’till further orders and is to be accordingly obeyed.
          Regulations for the Corps of Engineers continued.

          5thly—
          In a besieged place the commanding Engineer shall direct the defence of it under the orders of the commanding officer of the Garrison and he shall keep an exact journal of all the operations in order that it may serve for his justification and for that of the garrison in case of a surrender.
          Of the Companies of Sappers & Miners.

          1st—
          Until men are inlisted for the purpose, Companies of Sappers and Miners not exceeding three shall be formed as circumstances may require by drafts from the line at the direction of the Commander in Chief and be under the command of the Commandant of the Corps of Engineers until otherwise ordered by Congress.
          Each company to consist of a Captain, a Captn Lieutenant and a 1st and 2nd Lieutenant, four serjeants, four Corporals, one Drummer, one Fifer and sixty privates.

          3rdly—
          The duty of the Companies of Sappers and Miners shall be (under the direction of the Engineers) to construct fieldworks of every kind and all works necessary for the attack or defence of places as circumstances may require.


Title: From George Washington to William Gordon, 2 August 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Gordon, William

          Dear Sir,
          West-point Augt 2d 79.

        Your favor of the 22d Ult. came to my hands by the last Post, and receives, as it deserves, my warmest thanks—I have also to acknowledge myself your debtor for another letter of the 15th of Decemr which the number I am obliged to write, and read, with other papers to consider, prevented my answering till it had slipped my memory wholly.
        The Assault of Stoney point does much honor to the Troops employed in it as no Men could behave better—They were composd of the light Infantry of every State—(now in this part of the Army—) commanded by Genl Wayne a brave gallant & sensible Officer—Had it not been for some untoward accidents, the stroke would have been quite compleat. The plan was equally laid for Ver-planks point, and would most assuredly have succeeded but for delays, partly occasioned by high Winds, & partly by means which were more avoidable—A combination however of causes produced such a delay, as gave the enemy time to move in force; & render further operations dangerous & improper; The situation of the Post & other circumstances which may be easily guessed, induced me to resolve a removel of the Stores, and the destruction of the Works at Stoney-point which was accordingly done the third day after it was taken.
        The Enemy have again repossessed the Gd & are busily employed in repairing the works with a force fully adequate to the defence of the spot, which in itself is a fortification—surrounded as it is by a deep morass exceedingly difficult of access—The rest of their Army has remained very quiet ever since extending from Philips on the No. River to East Chester on the Sound but by my last advices from the City of New York Transports were preparing for the reception of Troops & 4 Regiments talked of as a reinforcement to Genl Provost. Though I think it not very unlikely (if they have sailed, of which I have no advice) that they should have gone towards Penobscot as the Raisonable (a 64 Gun Ship) & others are said to have Sailed for that place.
        Mrs Washington, according to Custom, marched home when the

Campaign was about to open. My best respects to Mrs Gordon—I am Dr Sir Yr most Obedt Hbe Servt

          Go: W——n

          P.S. I shall (as it is now rather out of season) make but one short remark upon a passage in your Letter of the 15th of Decr and that is, so far from the generality of Officers wishing to have the War prolonged, it is my firm belief their will not be enough left to continue it, however urgent the necessity, unless they are enabled to live such is the present distress of the generality of them & the Spirit for resignation—The idle & foolish expressions of an individual does not by any means speak the Sense of the body, & So far am I from beleiving that any number of them have views repugnant to the rights of Citizens that I firmly believe the contrary—if I am mistaken I can only say that, the most distant lisp of it, never reached my Ears, and would meet with the severest checks if it did.


Title: From George Washington to Colonel Ann Hawkes Hay, 2 August 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Hay, Ann Hawkes

          Sir,
          West Point Augt 2d 79

        Sensible of the distresses which you must suffer from the repeated depredations of the enemy on your property, it gives me real pain that I have it not in my power to comply with your request respecting an order for Clothing. I am not at liberty to appropriate any part of the public supplies to a purpose different from that for which it was intended; and those in the article of cloathing are so scanty and the wants and distresses of the officers so great, that if I had the power, I could not exercise it without prejudice to them—These considerations will not permit me to yield to the inclination I feel to oblige a Gentleman who has made such sacrifices, as you have done, to his attachment to the common cause. I am with great esteem Sir Yr most Obedt sert.


Title: To George Washington from Major General William Heath, 2 August 1779
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

          Dear General
          Mandevilles [Dutchess County, N.Y.]Augt 2d 1779

        I do myself the honor to present your Excellency five Deserters from the Brittish army one Rifle Serjt Two Hussars, one from the 71st Regt & one from Robinsons Corps. the Latter whose name is Pollard belonged to the 8th Connecticut Regt is brother to Major Pollard who had the Command of a Company of artificers in the american army. he is an intelligable Lad. I have the honor to be With the greatest respect Your Excellencys Most obedient Servt

          W. Heath


Title: From George Washington to John Jay, 2 August 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Jay, John

          Sir
          Head Qrs West point August 2d 1779

        I do myself the Honor to transmit Your Excellency an Extract of a Letter of the 29th Ulto from a Confidential correspondent in New York. It contains the latest advices I have had from thence.
        By reports from our Officers advanced on both sides of the River, the Enemy broke up their Camp at philip’s burg on the night of the 30th and morning of the 31st Ulto. The accounts received by the Officers on the East side say, that they had all gone below Kingsbridge—those on the West—that their march pointed towards Fort Independance. This movement seems to countenance—and to give a

greater air of probability to the intelligence from New York, with respect to an embarkation and the Enemys intentions to repair & erect Fortifications.
        I inclose Your Excellency some New York papers—the latest of which is of the 29th of July. I have the Honor to be with the highest respect & esteem Yr Excellency’s Most Obedt sert

          G. Washington


Title: From George Washington to Major Henry Lee, Jr., 2 August 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Lee, Henry Jr.

          Dr sr
          Head Quarters West Point 2d Augt 1779

        This morning your letter dated at Paramus came to hand—I thank you for the intelligence it contains—I have received similar accounts from the other side of the river transmitted by different persons.
        In the present situation of affairs it is important to discover if possible the views as well as movements of the enemy—for this purpose I should think you might fix on some inhabitant of Hackinsack or Bergen whose duplicity of conduct would with proper instructions from you enable him to obtain very satisfactory information by getting into the enemys Camp or perhaps New York—If such an one is to be met with the sooner he is sent on the business the better. Yrs &c.

          G.W.

          P.s. It is reported that a number of transports are getting in readiness & some Regiments ordered for embarkation—This should be particularly inquired into—and their probable destination.


Title: To George Washington from Major General Stirling, 2 August 1779
From: Stirling, Lord (né William Alexander)
To: Washington, George

          [2 Aug. 1779]

        Extract of a Letter from Lord Stirling dated 2d August 1779.
        [“]I had a Letter from Major Lee this Morning in which he says ‘Sir H. Clinton has decamp’d from Philips’s, the army lays collected near the heights of Harlem, Genl Tryon is return’d, several Genl Officers arriv’d with the Earl Cornwallis, The Ships of War have all stood out at Sea, a report prevails in the city that a French Fleet is on the Coast, It gives great consternation’—from Monmouth I was informed Yesterday that a large fleet had been seen on the Coast.[”]


Title: From George Washington to the Board of War, 3 August 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Board of War

          Gentlemen
          Head Qrs West point Augt 3: 1779

        I have the Honor to transmit you the Arrangement of the 11th pensylva. Regiment made by a Board of Field Officers of that line, appointed for the purpose, on which the Board will be pleased to

issue Commissions. I inclose the old arrangement made out by Colo. Hubley—by which the Board will see what alterations have been made. They will be pleased to forward the Commissions to Colo. Hubley. I have the Honor to be with great respect Gentn Yr Most Obedt servant

          Go: Washington

          P.S. Capn Keene of the 11th is to remain for the present with Genl St Clair—as an Aid—The Board will be pleased to send his Commission to Camp.


Title: From George Washington to George Clinton, 3 August 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Clinton, George

          Dr Sir
          West point August 3: 1779

        I this minute received a Letter from General Sullivan of the 30th Ulto and a Copy of One to yo⟨ur⟩ Brother the General; of both which I inclose you Copies. Your Excellency will be pleased to direct the march of Lt Colo. pauling at such time—and in such manner as you shall judge best. You will also receive a Letter ⟨addre⟩ssed to you, which came with ⟨mine.⟩
        I have inclosed a line to the ⟨Ge⟩neral, covering a Copy of General Sullivans orders for his march, which you will be pleased to transmit him, if you have an opportunity, lest any accidents should have prevented him from receiving the Original, a Duplicate of which, according to Genl Sullivan, has been also sent him. I am Dr Sir with the greatest regard & esteem Yr Excellency’s Most Obedt servt

          Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to the Massachusetts Council, 3 August 1779
From: Washington, George
To: Massachusetts Council

          Gentlemen
          Head Quarters West Point August 3d 1779

        Having received intelligence some time since that the Romulus Daphne and Delaware were preparing to leave New York on a Cruise (as was reported) for Boston-Bay in conversation with General Heath I mentioned to him my Intention to transmit the intelligence I had received to the Council, which I was induced to decline from his having assured me he had already done it—By the inclosed extract of a Letter from a confidential correspondent in New York, The Council will perceive those Vessells were prevented from sailing at the time they intended. But I have Just recieved a Letter from Lord Stirling stationed in the Jerseys dated yesterday (an extract from which is also inclosed) by which it appears the Ships of War at New York have all put to Sea since—I thought it my duty to communicate this intelligence that the Vessells employed in the expedition to Penobscot may be put upon their Guard, as it is probable enough these Ships may be destined against them—and if they should be surprised the consequences would be disagreeable. I have the honor, to be with very great respect & esteem Gentlemen Your Most Obedt Servant

          Go. Washington