Title: To George Washington from George Clinton, 21 January 1781
From: Clinton, George
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir
                            Poukeepsie 21st Jany 1781.

                        I am this Moment favoured with your Excellency’s Letter of equal Date inclosing the Copy of one from Mr
                            DesTouche respecting a supposed seizure of Wheat Purchased for the Use of the French Fleet—on the 12th Instant I received
                            a Letter from M. Destouche on the same Subject & the inclosed addressed to him which I take the Liberty of
                            requesting your Excellency to forward in my Answer—I can assure you Sir that in every Instance even in the late very
                            critical Situation of our Army for want of Bread my Impress Warrants have been accompanied with Directions not to seize
                            any Wheat or Flour that appeared to have been purchased for the Use of the Wheat or Army of our Allies, and the enclosed
                            Report of Colo. Hay on the Subject of his Contract with the Agents of Mr Carter (a Copy of which also accompanies my
                            Letter to Mr Destouche) will I trust convince your Excellency that my Instructions have been duly attended to.
                        You may venture Sir to assure M. Destouche that I am cordially disposed to encourage & facillitate
                            the Supply of the French Fleet & Army by every Means in my Power. It is most certainly the Interest of the State
                            exclusive of every other Motive to give them all the Bread we have to Spare. I am with the most perfect Respect &
                            Esteem your Excellencys Most Obedt Servt

                            Geo. Clinton

                     Enclosure

                                Sir,
                                Poughkeepsie 15. January 1781.

                            Agreeable to your Excellencys desire, I enclosed Transmit you No. 1 the Contract I entered into with Mr
                                Parker for an Exchange of Wheat for Salt; a Contract, Sir, which, not only from Inclination to serve the Fleet and
                                Army of our Ally, I interested myself diligently and carefully to perform; but which, in point of Duty, I thought
                                myself under an obligation to pay particular Attention to, from the earnest desire I saw, both in the Legislature and
                                your Excellency, to give the most unequivocal proofs of your Determination to grant them every Aid, the distressed
                                Situation of the State, and the large Supplies expected and Demanded for our Army, could possibly admit, and I now
                                call upon Mr Parker to declare, whether in the first place, I ever hinted to him, a wish or expectation of receiving
                                any benefit or emolument from that Contract and in the second Place whether I did not give him full &
                                undemanded blunt assurances, I should be happy in rendering him every Service, in my Power, in the
                                prosecution of any part of his Business, relative thereto; and as a proof of my Assurances not being merely
                                Complimentary, if I did not write very strongly and pointedly to some of the Gentlemen I was connected with in the
                                State Business, to grant him every Aid in their Powers.
                            Your Excellency will undoubtedly remember that the only objection made, by any part of the Legislature,
                                to Mr Parker’s having full Liberty to purchase within the State, any Quantity, which he would give proper Security
                                should be Transported to the French Fleet, or Army, was, that by admitting sundry Purchases, while the Embargo Act
                                continued, the Price would undoubtedly be raised and both ourselves and Allies, either worse Supplied, or be obliged
                                to pay much higher.
                            Having thus set out on my side, at least on the firm Basis of disinterested Friendship; permit me to
                                mention to your Excellency a few Circumstances, which I am ready to prove, past a possibility of Contradiction, and
                                which will serve to evince that owing principally, either to a Neglect or design in Mr Parker’s Agent, or such as
                                pretended to be so; I was not only prevented from delivering part of the Wheat, at the Time I ought; but was at last,
                                by the Duty I owed the State obliged to desist from Delivering any at all. Mr Smith a Gentleman who was to furnish two
                                Thousand five Hundred Bushels of the Wheat, after having got a very considerable part thereof ready, was requested, by
                                the Millers not to send it to their Mills, as Mr Parkers Agents had no Casks to put the Flour; and they could not
                                possibly receive it, till the Casks were ready. This occasioned a very considerable delay on my side, and when some
                                Salt (the Quantity very Trifling) was sent on to Mr Smith, part thereof only was merchantable, which
                                disgusted the Inhabitants, and of Consequence served to Embarass me, and all the other Salt which was forwarded by Mr
                                Parker, within the State, as far as I could learn, even as late as the twenty first of November refused to be delivered
                                to my Order, nay was positively affirmed to have been sent for another purpose, as will appear by the
                                Copy of the enclosed affidavit of Mr Chandonst No. 2 notwithstanding I had received
                                the Letter from Colonel Livingston the same Gentleman alluded to in the Affidavit, of which No. 3 is a Copy: No. 4 in Answer
                                thereto—Finding myself in this very disagreeable Situation, I went to Mr Kinman, who Mr Parker had
                                Informed me was his principal Agent, and complained loudly of the Treatment I met with; he assured me
                                Colonel

                                 Livingston had not, to his knowledge any Directions to keep back the Salt, and was certain would deliver
                                it, informing me at same Time there was a Quantity at a Mr Smith’s, Burlington, which would Immediately
                                be sent to my Assistant Colo.

                                Van Ness, if not already forwarded, which he supposed I would find as the Case; I went to Mr Smith’s who refused forwarding a single Case unless he had a special Order for the purpose, and sent again to Colonel

                                 Livingston who said he did not believe there was any salt  there, designed for me, as to
                                this last declaration of Colonel Livingston I beg leave to Inform I have only the Verbal assertion of Captain

                                 Houlbiom sent for the purpose of making the Demand, but have not
                                a doubt he will readily give his affidavit thereto. As such accusations, such ungentlemanlike
                                Treatment, can it be wondered Sir that I refused delivering any more Wheat, especially when you consider
                                that a farther delay of the Salt rendered it of no consequence to the Inhabitants, for whose benefit it was designed, and
                                that Mr Parker was made fully acquainted at the Time the Contract was entered into, that the far  greater
                                part of the Wheat was expected to be purchased with the Identical Salt he was to furnish—And permit me to add, that while I do
                                Mr Parker the Justice to declare I have no Reason to believe his Mode of Conduct was pursued either by his Order or
                                advice, I think it a Duty incumbent on him to come here and see that as much reparation as possible is made, either by me
                                or his Agents for the Injuries the one or the other has occasioned, both to the Army of our Ally
                                and the Inhabitants of this State.
                            The representation your Excellency mentions Mr Carter has given the French Genl respecting the Seizure of
                                a Thousand Bushels of Wheat purchased for the Use of the French Troops within this State, I am fully convinced that
                                Gentleman has founded upon misinformation, for from the necessity you urged in your Instructions, given with the
                                Impress Warrants, of guarding against Seizing any part of the Supplies, which it should appear, by proper proof, were
                                purchased and designed for their Use I was extremely Cautious, and by the Returns or other Information yet Received
                                from my Different Assistants, have no Reason to Suppose there has been a single Bushel of Wheat or Barrel of Flour
                                taken, which appeared designed for them—I imagine Mr Carter must have been led into the Mistake, by some Wheat which
                                was at the Mills designed for Mr Parker, and which, In consequence of the Treatment above recited, I ordered to be
                                withheld. I am, with the utmost Respect, Your Excellency’s Most Obedt & very Humble Servant

                                Udny Hay


Title: To George Washington from John Neilson, 21 January 1781
From: Neilson, John
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Trenton 21st January 1781

                        I had the Honor to receive your Excellency’s Letter of the tenth Instant, and agreably to the directions
                            contained in it, have forwarded to the Commanding Officer of the Troops of the State of New Jersey, the three hundred and
                            Eighty pairs of Stockings committed to my Care by the Ladies of the Committee for receiving donations for the Soldiers of
                            the American Army—I have the Honor to be your Excellency’s Most Obedient and very Humble Servant

                            John Neilson
                            D.Q.M. New Jersey


Title: From George Washington to Timothy Pickering, 21 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Pickering, Timothy

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters Janry 21st 1781

                        Since I directed Col. Humphrys the day before yesterday, to request you to have the beef salted in bulk at
                            the several places on the River immediately transported by water, or (if impracticable) by land, to West Point, the matter
                            has become more urgent, and the delay every moment more dangerous. You will therefore take such measures as will be
                            effectual for the purpose; and also to keep up the supply of flour at the Garrison, by Pack Horses, if the River should
                            not be open. The time is now come when these things must be done, and the execution rests solely with you. For whenever it
                            shall be known that there were provisions in the neighbourhood, and that the Troops have suffered for want of them; all
                            the ill consequences, and the whole blame arising therefrom, will be attributed by the Army, and the Country to Your
                            Department. Col. Hay will be able to inform you of the particular deposits of the Stores, with the quantities at each.
                        No report has ever been made respecting the transportation of the flour from Ringwood—Nor do I know what
                            quantity has been brought on to New Windsor, or forwarded to West Point. I am Sir Your Most Humble Servt

                            Go: Washington

                            P.S. If you should know of any opportunity of sending to Springfield, be pleased to acquaint me with
                                it.


Title: To George Washington from Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, 21 January 1781
From: Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de
To: Washington, George

                            M.
                            De Newport Le 21. Janvier 1781

                        Depuis la derniere Lettre de V. E. J’ai appris par Le General Knox, alors a Lebanon, La revolte des Lignes de
                            Pennsylvanie, La peine que cela doit avoir causé a V. E. ainsi pour Les faire rentrer dans leur devoir,
                            m’a sensiblement affligé. et J’en serai tres inquiet jusques a ce que j’aie des nouvelles positives de vous a ce sujet.
                        Nos fregates sont parties de Boston Le 14. avec un petit convoy de Vaisseaux marchands portant differentes
                            denrèes a notre armée il y a apparence que le coup de vent qu’il y a eu, les aura obligé a gagner La pleine mer, pour ne
                            pas s’exposer a echouer sur les cotes.
                        Je suis avec respect


Title: To George Washington from Philip John Schuyler, 21 January 1781
From: Schuyler, Philip John
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir
                            Albany January 21st 1781

                        I embrace the opportunity which is afforded me by Colo. Hughs to Acknowledge the receipt of your Excellencys
                            favor of the 10th Instant, and most sincerely sympathize with you on the embarrassments which the disagreable event in
                            Jersey will occassion you, It is an awful lesson to the states, and If It would produce a serious attention to their
                            situation, If It would induce to greater exertions, and hence relieve you from the variety of difficulties which their
                            troops have occassioned you, If It would evince the necessity of parting with so much of their sovereignty respectively as
                            would enable the Governing power to draw forth the strength and resources of the Country, the event would be happy to
                            America, but If only alarmed for the moment and no adequate means are pursued for the future subsistence & pay of
                            the Army, our cause is lost, unless another system of government is adopted. Impressed with the necessity of lodging
                            competent powers somewhere to prosecute the war with vigor and finding a disposition In the legislature to second my
                            views, I have moved In Senate, to request of the Eastern states to Join in a Convention to be held at an early day for the
                            purpose of settling and adjusting every difference which may exist with respect to boundrais, to form a perpetual league
                            of Incorporation, subservient however to the common Interest of all the States, to invite others to acceed to It, to
                            create a new State in this quarter on conditions to be stipulated in such convention to appreciate the most Effectual means
                            for prosecuting the war with vigor, to revise a fund for the redemption of the Common debts to form a permanent &
                            uniform system for drawing out the resources of the Country, that we may not be Incessantly exposed to the many evils
                            Incident on temporary expedients, and lastly to Invest Congress with powers so extensive as to oblige each State to do its
                            duty—this motion is not yet decided upon but I believe It will not meet with much If any opposition in either house.
                        Mrs Schuyler Joins me in best wishes to you Mrs Washington & the family, I am Dear Sir Your most
                            Obedient and Affectionate Humble Servant

                            Ph: Schuyler


Title: From George Washington to Israel Shreve, 21 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Shreve, Israel

                            Dr Sir
                            New Windsor Jany 21. 1781

                        With not less pain than you communicate it, I receive the information contained in your letter of
                            yesterday—This affair, if possible, must be brought to an issue favourable to subordination, or the army is ruined. I
                            shall therefore immediately march a detachment from these posts to quell the mutineers. Col. Freelinghuyssen will impart
                            to you what I have written to him. In addition to that, I am to desire you will endeavour to collect all those of your
                            regiments who have had virtue enough to resist the pernicious example of their associates—If the revolt has not become
                            general, and if you have force enough to do it, I wish you to compel the mutineers to unconditional submission. The more
                            decisively you are able to act the better. I am Sir Yr most Obed. Servant

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to John Sullivan, 21 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Sullivan, John

                            Dr Sir
                            New Windsor Jany 21. 1781

                        I am honored with your letter of the 15th—I have just received the disagreeable intelligence of the Jersey
                            line having followed the example of the Pensylvanian—This spirit will spread itself through the remainder of the army, if
                            not extinguished by some decisive measure. I shall as quick as possible, at all events, march a detachment to compel the
                            mutineers to submission and I beg leave strongly to recommend that no terms may be made with them. I have the honor to be
                            &c.


Title: From David Humphreys to Benjamin Throop, 21 January 1781
From: Humphreys, David
To: Throop, Benjamin

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters Janry 21. 1781 11 oClock Night

                        I have it in command from His Excellency to inform you, that he would have you continue Your Detachment
                            together, and hold it in the most perfect readiness to act agreeable to the orders you may receive from him. And that you
                            will not return to West point, according to his Letter of this day by Col. Barber, as the Detachment may be necessary
                            where it is, since the defection of the Jersey Troops. Under all circumstances & upon all occasions the General
                            relies most confidently on the New England Troops of this you may let them know, & as he doubts not you will find
                            the best disposition in your Detachment, he wishes you to cultivate it, and inform him, if any thing extraordinary should
                            happen. I am Sir with very great regard Your Most Obed. Servt

                            D. Humphrys


Title: To George Washington from Anthony Wayne, 21 January 1781
From: Wayne, Anthony
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General
                            Trenton 21st Jany 1781

                        In obedience to the Orders of the Commissioners appointed by Congress to settle the terms of Inlistments of
                            the Pennsya Line, we have already Discharged, the Chief part of the Artillery, first, Second, third, fourth & fifth
                            Regiments, I could wish that the Commissioners had given time for the Officers to produce the Attestations before they
                            made the Oath so common:—the papers were collected the soonest possible, the Inlistments
                            Generally & expressly for the War, but the birds were flown—I won’t say that it was not
                            (in some Degree) an Act of expediency, in order to get the Artillery, spare Amunition, & part of the small arms out
                            of the Soldiers hands—these I have taken the precaution to forward by Water to Phila when the respective Quarter masters
                            attend the Inspection & overhauling the Whole.
                        from present Appearances we shall retain near two thirds of the remaining troops, their Inlistments having
                            come to hand, these will be all furloughed by Order of the Commissioners, & the following Rendezvous’s assigned
                            them on the Ides of March, being the Circles in which the the Regiments were Originally Inlisted Viz. 1st & 2nd Phila
                            3rd Reading 4th Carlisle 5th York & Chester 6th Lancaster.
                        The recruiting business will Commence in a few days under proper Officers with very pointed Instructions to
                            guard against British Deserters &ca &ca, & to lodge Duplicates of the Respective attestations in
                            proper Offices, to which appeals may be made, should the fortuitious events of War, or frequent removal of Baggage
                            occation the loss of papers as heretofore.
                        however I must request your Excellency’s Instructions on this head, as well as for my General line of Conduct
                            in this essential Service.—with particular Orders what to do with the troops when they begin to Assemble at their
                            respective Rendezvous’s.
                        I am now fully convinced that there is no situation in life but what admits of some consolation, ours once
                            appeared very gloomy—but more lucid & pleasing prospects begin to dawn, the Soldiers are as Impatient of liberty,
                            as they were of Service, & are as Importunate to be reinlisted as they were to be Dischargd, money is fast
                            collecting for the purpose, & I hope a few Weeks will put it into my power to Announce to your Excellency a Reclaimed & formidable Line.
                        I shall not take up your time, or hurt your feelings by a picture of our situation, fatigue &
                            Difficulty for these last twenty tedious days & Nights, I shall only mention that we have not rolled in luxury, or
                            slept on beds of roses, G—r R—ds zeal yesterday has not added to our repose or
                            security—however the Storm has subsided but not without some address & Danger, about five days more will put a
                            period to this fatiguing business.
                        Inclosed is a Return of the Officers with their ranks & Dates of Commissions—in the Six Regiments of
                            Infantry belonging to the Pennsa Line, as also of the retireing Officers, the Captain Lieuts are not arranged, altho’
                            several of them wish to continue in Service, could they retain their rank & do duty as Captains, to this the Subns
                            seem adverse, as many of them were senior Lieuts to those who are now Capt. Lieuts—Congress having been silent
                            respecting their case—I must request your Excellency’s advice and Orders on the Occation, for which Capt. Lieut Bush of
                            the 7th now attends. I have the honor to be your Excellency’s most Obt and very Hum Sert

                            Anty Wayne

                            N.B. I have one favor to request of your Excellency—to appoint some other person to superintend the
                                Recruiting Service—& employ me in a way more suited to my Dispositions i.e. in the Field.


Title: From George Washington to Meshech Weare, 22 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Weare, Meshech

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor January 22d 1781

                        I have received the disagreeable intelligence that a part of the Jersey Line had followed the example of
                            that of Pennsylvania; and when the advices came away, it was expected the revolt would be general. The precise intention
                            of the mutineers was not known, but their complaints & demands were similar to those of the Pennsylvanians.
                        Persuaded that without some decisive effort at all hazards to suppress this dangerous spirit it would
                            speedily infect the whole Army. I have ordered as large a Detachment as we could spare from these Posts to march under
                            Major Genl Howe with orders to compell the Mutineers to unconditional submission—to listen to no terms while they were
                            in a state of resistance, and on their reduction to execute instantly a few of the most active, and most incendiary Leaders.
                            I am not certain what part the Troops detached for this purpose will act, but I flatter myself they will do their duty. I
                            prefer any extremity to which the Jersey Troops may be driven, to a compromise.
                        The weakness of the Garrison, but still more it’s embarrassing distress for want of provisions made it
                            impossible to prosecute such measures with the Pennsylvanians, as the nature of the case demanded—And while we were making
                            Arrangements, as far as practicable to supply these defects an accommodation took place which will not only subvert the
                            Pennsylvania line, but have a very pernicious influence on the whole Army. I mean however by these remarks only to give
                            an idea of the miserable situation we are in not to blame a measure which perhaps in our circumstances was the best that
                            could have been adopted—The same embarrassments operate against coercion at this moment, but not in so great a degree;
                            the Jersey Troops not being from their numbers so formidable as were the Pennsylvanians.
                        I dare not detail the Risks we run from the present scantiness of supplies—We have received few or no cattle for some time past, nor do we know of any shortly to be expected—The salted
                            meat we ought to have reserved in the Garrison, is now nearly exhausted. I cannot but renew my solicitations with your
                            state to every expedience for contributing to our imediate relief. With perfect respect, I have the honor to be Your
                            Excellys Most Obedt Hble servant

                            Go: Washington

                            The same to Governor Hancock. Massa Bay.
                            The same to Governor Greene. Rhode Island.
                            The same to Governor Trumbull. Connecticut.
                            The same to Governor Clinton. New York.


Title: To George Washington from William Greene, 22 January 1781
From: Greene, William
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Warwick State of Rhode Island &c. Janry 22nd 1781

                        Your favor respecting the depositing the Provisions in the Town of Providence has been duly attended to, and
                            yours of the 5th instant by Genrl Knox was duly received the Purport of which is truly alarming, and in consequence
                            thereof I convened the General Assembly the 17th instant who finish’d their Session yesterday, during which they ordered a
                            sufficiency of Cloathing to be immediately purchased for all the Troops in the line of this State, and supplyed the Agent
                            Clothier with money for that purpose, the Assembly have also assessd Fifty thousand pounds weight of fresh Beef as part of
                            this States Quota, to be immediately collected and sent forward for supply of the Army, they have also made up the
                            depretiation on the wages of the Officers and Soldiers in the line of this State up to the first Day of August 1780. And
                            have ordered one quarter past thereof to be immediately paid in Specie to those Officers and Soldiers of this State
                            Battallion engaged to serve during the War, and for that remaining three quarters have ordered Houses and lands to be set
                            off to them immediately by a Committee appointed for that purpose. The money for paying the one quarter part of the
                            depretiation of the wages of the Officers and Soldiers is now collecting by a Tax a considerable part of which will be
                            sent on to Camp by Col. Angel, who will set out in a few Days.
                        About one third part of the new levies are already recruited and mustered, and I doubt not but that the whole
                            number will be soon compleated, for further particulars refer you to Col. Greene the bearer of this. I am with great
                            respect & Esteem your Excellencys most Obedient and very Humble Servt

                            W. Greene


Title: From David Humphreys to Timothy Pickering, 22 January 1781
From: Humphreys, David
To: Pickering, Timothy

                            Dear Sir
                            Head Quarters Janry 22d 1781 11 OClock P.M.

                        The General entreats you will not remit your endeavours to have the Horses for the Artillery ready as early
                            as possible. The pieces will positively be put in motion as soon as the Horses are obtained—He also requests that a number
                            of Tents & intrenching Tools in the same proportion for 600 Men, which the other arrangement gave for the former
                            Detachment may be sent on; if Horses are not redy for these, the Artillery will not be delayed. I am Sir Your Most obed.
                            Sert

                            D. Humphrys

                    P.S. His Excellency desires you will delay sending off the Letters from Congress to the Eastward, a few Hours, D.H.


Title: From Timothy Pickering to David Humphreys, 22 January 1781
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Humphreys, David

                            Sir,
                            Newburgh Jany 22. 1781.

                        The Justice of this precinct having on the former occasion impressed about the number of horses required in
                            this, I wrote to him in the morning (the moment I had given the necessary orders for arranging the cloathing to West
                            Point) urgently requesting him to turn out the same horses immediately as they had been prepared and appraised, tho’ they
                            performed no service. In the forenoon I sent to him the quarter master of this post to urge particularly the necessity of
                            great dispatch. This afternoon I have again sent by Major Platt, to learn what was doing & when the horses would
                            be in. The justice informs him that he complied with my request by issuing his warrant; but the person to whom he directed
                            it refused to execute it; the constable of the precinct not being in a condition to act. He was then going to send his
                            warrant to another person--The event being thus in a degree uncertain I have now sent an application to Justice Nicolls
                            for thirty horses to be impressed in his precinct & sent as early as possible to the park at Artillery to morrow
                            forenoon. That near the whole number required the residue in case of need may be taken from some Continental
                                teams to the number of six or eight. I am sir Yr most obedt servt

                            Tim. Pickering Q.M.G.


Title: To George Washington from Daniel Brodhead, 23 January 1781
From: Brodhead, Daniel
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General.
                            Fort Pitt Jany 23rd 1781.

                        A few days ago I received a Letter from Mr William Wilson of Skipton, informing me that, he had undertaken to
                            furnish the Troops here with an hundred head of Cattle upon private Contract & with private money. This account,
                            as there was no other prospect of obtaining meat, and the Troops were suffering for want of it, whilst we were scarcely
                            supplied with Flour, was flattering, and cheered the drooping Spirits of both Officers & Men. But as meat could
                            not be purchased, on account of the great scarcity, on this side the mountain, Mr Wilson immediately proceeded to the
                            South Branch of Powtomack, to perform his Contract. and now I have the mortification to be informed by his Brother, who is
                            just arrived from Old Town, that a prohibitory Law of the State of Virginia, will prevent his getting the Cattle he may
                            have purchased for consumption here.
                        I sincerely wish there was no cause to trouble you with a further tale of Misfortune. But as I conceive it to
                            be the interest of the United States, to retain in this District all the Grain that has, under the protection of their
                            Troops, been raised in it, it might appear criminal in me, was I to remain silent respecting Instructions lately sent by
                            Govr Jefferson for the Purchase of 200,000 Rations, on this side the Mountains, for the use of the Troops under Colo.
                            Clark, for which purpose he has already advanced 300,000 pounds, and promised to furnish, upon the first Notice, any
                            further sum that may be necessary to compleat the payment of that Purchase. Because this purchase, together with the
                            Consumption of multitudes of emigrants, arrived & expected within this District (chiefly to avoid Militia Duty
                            & Taxes) will scarcely leave a pound of Flour for the Regular or other Troops, which your Excellency may judge it
                            expedient to employ, against the Enemy.
                        I have wrote his Excelly Govr Jefferson that I cannot consider my self at liberty to permit the
                            transportation of such a quantity of Provisions from this District, untill Your Excellencies pleasure is signified.
                        A Grand Council of British and other Savages is now holding at Detroit, and I am informed, they are
                            premeditating an attack upon this post, early in the Spring. without doubt the Indians will be more hostile next Spring
                            than they have yet been.
                        As I have not been honored with a line from your Excellency, since the new arrangement of the Army was
                            ordered, I am at a loss what to do with the 9th Virga Regts, late Rawlins’s Corps, & Captn Heth’s Company, and
                            shall continue them here, untill I know your pleasure.
                        The whole of my present force, very little exceeds three hundred Men, and many of these are unfit for such
                            active Service as is necessary here. I hope your Excellency will be pleased to enable me to take Detroit the ensuing
                            Campaign, for untill that and Niagara fall into our Hands, there will be no rest for the innocent inhabitants, whatever
                            Sums may be expended on a defensive plan.
                        My Soldiers will be entirely naked by the first of March and yet I can obtain no Clothing for them. If it is
                            agreeable to you Excellency, to permit me to wait upon you, and make personal applications at Philada, for such Articles
                            as are necessary, for the Troops & before the opening of the ensuing Campaign, It would oblidge me much, not on
                            account of any Business of my own, but if possible, to promote the public good.
                        The Moravian Indians have a Considerable number of Cattle & Swine, which we might purchase cheap for
                            Goods or specie, But without these we cannot obtain them; and they will probably, be drove to market at Detroit.
                        I have never been furnished with any article of goods for the Indians, nor a shilling of Money to enable me
                            to transact Business with them, neither has any person been employed to take the trouble of them off my Hands. I take
                            great pleasure in serving my Country nor will I count it a troublesome Service. But I am sensible it will be agreed, that
                            it is necessary I should be supported, or our Interest with the Western Indians must be lost.
                        It appears to me that two compleat Regiments, with the volunteers that may be collected, will be equal to any
                            enterprize that may be undertaken in this part of the Country. especially if goods could be furnished for to pay some of
                            the friendly Indians to act as Spies Guides &c. to prevent a surprize.  And that number will be as great as can be
                            supplied, without an immense Expence of transportation. I have the Honor to be with the most perfect respect &
                            esteem your Excellencies most obedt Hble Servt

                            Daniel Brodhead


Title: From George Washington to Philemon Dickinson, 23 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Dickinson, Philemon

                            Dr Sir
                            New Windsor Jany 23d 1781

                        Not knowing whether the Assembly of New Jersey is yet sitting at Trenton—or whether the Govr is at that place
                            I take the Liberty of putting the inclos’d (under a flying Seal) to your care by an Express going from Govr Clinton to
                            Congress.
                        If the Govr Should be present, you will be so good as to concert such measures with him as shall be conceived
                            most effectual to answer the objects of my letter to him—and if absent, to take such steps as your own powers and the
                            Exigency of the case requires. I am Dr Sir with much esteem and regard—Yr Obedt & Affecte Hble Servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Frederick Frelinghuysen, 23 January 1781
From: Frelinghuysen, Frederick
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Turkey January 23. 1781.

                        I followed the Jersey Revolters as early on Sunday Morning as the weather would permit, but contrary to my
                            expectation they had marched all night, & I did not overtake them untill yesterday Morning at Chatham—When I
                            arrived they were paraded near the Town, where I read to them the Resolution mentioned in my last, which Mr Caldwell had
                            already fully explained to them. The greater part of them expressed the greatest Satisfaction with the Measure adopted by
                            the Legislature, and agreed to return to their duty—Some however declared they would persist, untill similar Terms were
                            offered them to those granted the Pensylvanians, particularly insisting upon the Commissioners recieving the Oaths of the
                            Soldiers as Evidence respecting their Enlistments: But Mr Caldwell & myself refusing to hear them whilst out of
                            the Line of their duty, & the Militia collecting in great numbers at Springfield with a determination to reduce
                            them by Force, very much alarmed them, so that they this morning waited upon Colonel Dayton with a Request for a general
                            Pardon, upon recieving the Promise of which, they engaged immediately to return to the orders of their officers. Colonel
                            Dayton consulted with the Officers of the Brigade who were at Chatham and also with Mr Caldwell & myself, as
                            commissioners, on the propriety of granting their Request; and though we concieved it would be attended with beneficial
                            consequences to make Examples of the Principals, yet considering their great Penitence, & their being unacquainted
                            with the Resolution of the Legislature directing an enquiry into their enlistments, & the very great Lenity
                            exercised towards the more criminal Pensylvanians, we generally advised a Pardon to be proffered to all such as should
                            instantly return to their Obedience; which was accordingly proclaimed to them this afternoon, when they manifested their
                            Joy by three unanimous Cheers, & immediately put themselves under the Command of Their proper Officers. I am happy
                            in being able to add that only a small part of the Brigade engaged in this Mutiny, their party when largest consisting of
                            no more than one hundred & sixty men; a considerable number being absent on Detachments, & a greater
                            number by permission of their Officers, having retired into the Country when the Tumult commenced.
                        The Commissioners have appointed to attend at Pumpton on Tuesday next, & from what I can collect from
                            the Officers of the Brigade, very few of the Soldiers will be found entitled to a Discharge--Every possible Step shall be
                            taken to quiet their minds, & I have every reason to hope that no very evil Consequences will follow from this
                            partial Revolt. I am, Sir, Your Excellency’s Most Obedient and most humble Servant

                            Fred. Frelinghuysen


Title: From George Washington to Edward Hand, 23 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Hand, Edward

                            Dear Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Janry 23d 1781

                        At the same time I acknowledge the receipt of your favor of the 4th of January, I have the pleasure to
                            congratulate you, on your appointment as Adjutant General to the Army. This has been announced to me two days ago
                            officially from Congress.
                        As Colonel Scammel had made his arrangements to leave the Office on the first of January, he is impatient to
                            be releived by his successor. And indeed his presence is extremely necessary with the New Hampshire Line, at the present
                            period. I have to request therefore that you will be pleased to repair to the Army as soon as conveniently may be, and
                            enter upon the execution of the Duties to which you are appointed. I am Dear Sir With Great regard & esteem Your
                            Most Obedient Servant

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Samuel Huntington, 23 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Huntington, Samuel

                            Sir,
                            New Windsor Jany 23d 1781

                        I have been successively honoured with your Excellency’s dispatches of the 12th 13th & 16th and shall
                            duly attend to the contents.
                        Your Excellency, probably by this time, has heard of the Revolt of the Jersey Troops in imitation of the
                            Pensylvania line. Advice that this had been the case with a part of them, with an expectation of its becoming general,
                            reached me the night before last—their complaints and demands of the same complexion with those of the Pensylvanians.
                        I immediately ordered as large a detachment as could possibly be spared to be Marched from West point
                            & put it under the Command of Major General Howe—with orders to bring the Mutineers to unconditional submission
                            and, their principal leaders to instant & condign punishment—I have also taken measures to induce the Jersey
                            Militia to act in conjunction with him.
                        It is difficult to say what part the Troops sent to quel the Revolt will act; but I thought it indispensable
                            to bring the matter to an Issue and risk all extremities. Unless this dangerous spirit can be suppressed by force there is
                            an end to all subordination in the Army, and indeed to the Army itself. The infection will no doubt shortly pervade the
                            whole mass.
                        On receiving the news of this disagreeable event, I immediately dispatched a letter to the Committee of
                            Congress at Trenton, recommending that no conciliatory measures might be attempted.
                        I am entirely of opinion with your Excellency that more certain & permanent funds must be found for
                            the support of the War, than have hitherto existed. Without them, our opposition must very soon cease. The events that
                            have recently taken place are an alarming comment upon the insufficiency of past systems.
                        We continue under the more distressing embarrassments in the articles of Provision & Forage. I have
                            the honr to be with perfect respect Yr Excellys Most obedt & Hble Servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to John Laurens, 23 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Laurens, John

                            My dear Laurens
                            New Windsor 23d Jan. 1781

                        At the particular request of the Count De Custine I give you the trouble of the Inclosed—and am most
                            sincerely & affectly Yrs

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to William Livingston, 23 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Livingston, William

                            Dear Sir,
                            New Windsor Janry 23d 1781

                        Having received information from Colo. Shreve of the defection of the Jersey line, and apprehending the most
                            dangerous consequences may ensue unless an immediate stop shall be put to such horrid proceedings; I am now taking the
                            most vigorous coercive measures for that purpose.
                        I thought it necessary your Excellency should be apprised of my intention, in order to prevent any compromise
                            being made with the mutineers; as well as to have the militia of the State in readiness to co-operate with the detachment
                            I have ordered under Major General Howe to quell the insurrection.
                        I doubt not, we shall derive every aid from the good People of Your State in suppressing this Mutiny not only
                            from a conviction of the dangerous tendency of such proceedings to effect the entire dissolution of the army, but as it
                            may affect Civil, as well as Military authority to have a redress of grievances demanded with arms—and also from a sense
                            of the unreasonable conduct of the Jersey Troops in revolting at a time when the State was exerting itself to redress all
                            their real grievances.
                        It will be necessary to take your Measures with secresy & advise (Genl Howe) the Commanding officer
                            of the detachment of them—who will March (if the heavy fall of Snow last night does not render it impracticable) by the
                            rout of Ringwood, Pompton, &ca. I have the honor to be with great respt & Regd—Dr Sir Yr Most Obt
                            & most Hble Servt

                             Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Abner Nash, 23 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Nash, Abner

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Janry 23d 1781

                        I am honored with your Excellency’s Letter of the 14th of Decr—that of a prior date which you mention to have
                            written in answer to Mine by Major General Greene, I have not had the pleasure to receive—but such misfortunes are not to
                            be wondered at, when we consider the distance of the conveyances; and the negligence of those who are frequently concerned
                            in it.
                        It is extremely to be regretted, that the States have delayed so long to raise an Army for the War—I am
                            pleased to find my honor on that subject coincides so exactly with that of your Excellency, and hope it is not yet too
                            late to attempt so salutary a measure.
                        The spirit of Enterprize which seems to prevail so conspicuously among the Troops at the Southward, gives me
                            great satisfaction. It will be a happy circumstance if the Militia & other Troops now in the field should be able
                            to hold the Enemy in check, untill a greater & better supplied regular force can be established.
                        In a Postscript to my Letter of 10th Decr I did myself the honor to advise you, that an Embarkation was then
                            preparing at New York, which was conjectured to be destined Southward—The Detachment for that service, after undergoing
                            several changes, and being reduced to nearly 1600 men under the Command of Arnold, saild about the 22nd Ulto—Upon my
                            obtaining intelligence of this, I gave information to General Greene, by whom I presumed the communication would be made
                            to your Excellency.
                        Since the departure of this Fleet, I have had no official accounts, but from a variety of Reports the Troops
                            have landed near Richmond in Virginia, the particulars would undoubtedly be communicated to you more accurately &
                            expeditiously from that Quarter, than they could from this, even though we were well acquainted with them.
                        No event of any magnitude has taken place since my last, except an unhappy affair in the Pennsylvania Line.
                            On the 1st of Janry a Mutiny was excited among the Non Commissioned Officers & Privates in which some lives were lost. The
                            Troops marched in a body from Morris Town to Prince Town, where they remained some days, & from thence to Trenton; where
                            a compromise has taken place, & Commissioners appointed by the Committee of Congress are sitting to examine into their
                            Complaints, redress their real grievances & effect a settlement—It is worthy of remark that the Mutineers have given the
                            Enemy sufficient proof of their attachment to the Country, by delivering up the Emissaries who were sent with very
                            advantageous Offers to allure them within the British Lines. They also refused a reward for giving them up—The British
                            Agents have been executed as Spies.
                        Some disturbance, I am just informed, has happened among the Troops of Jersey, but I do not learn of what
                            nature or how extensive the defection is likely to prove among them, as they are at a distance from me. While every thing
                            from abroad wears a favorable aspect, our internal affairs, especially those of finance appear but too much the
                            reverse—The want of Pay, Cloathing, & Provisions is productive of evils, from which we scarcely know how we shall
                            be able to extricate ourselves—And to add to our calamities, we are sensible the Troops in the Southern Department
                            participate in all our embarrassments & distresses—I have the honor to be &c. With great esteem &
                            regard Your Excellency’s


Title: From David Humphreys to New York Officer Commanding the Artillery at West Point, 23 January 1781
From: Humphreys, David
To: Officer Commanding the Artillery at West Point, New York

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters Janry 23 1781

                        I am directed by His Excellency the Commander in Cheif to inform you, that the Detachment of Artillery
                            ordered yesterday, is to march, the moment Horses are furnished by the Qr Mastr General.
                        The General further signifies his pleasure that The Commanding Officer should have directions to move to
                            Ringwood, and there receive The Orders of Major Gen. Howe—or if the Detachment under his Command shall have gone on to
                            Morris Town, the Artillery must follow, untill they come up with the Detachment where ever it shall be. I am Sir With very
                            great respect Yr Most Obedt Servt

                            D.H.


Title: General Orders, 24 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To:

                            Head Quarters New Windsor Wednesday January 24th 1781.
                            Parole.
                            Countersigns.

                        At a General court martial held at West Point by order of Major General Heath the 12th instant, whereof
                            Colonel Greaton was President: Captain Parker of the 7th Massachusetts’ regiment was tried for "Repeatedly overstaying the
                            limits of Furloughs and for unofficer and ungentlemanlike conduct in exceeding the limits of leave of absence which he
                            obtained last May, by pledging his honor for a punctual return on the day the limits expired."
                        The Court on consideration are of opinion that Captain Parker is Guilty of the Charges against him in breach
                            of the 21st Article 14th Section of the Rules and Articles of War and sentence that he be discharged the Service.
                        The Commander in Chief approves the Sentence and orders it to take place.


Title: To George Washington from Elias Dayton, 24 January 1781
From: Dayton, Elias
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Chatham Jany 24th 1781

                        On Sunday morning I was alarmed with an account that the Jersey brigade had revolted, were directing their
                            march this way and were in the neighbourhood of this place. I immediately desired the officers of the detachment upon this
                            station to sound the sentiments of the men under their immediate command, who soon discovered that they had no inclination
                            to join with the seditious part of the brigade, but rather chose to avoid them. I gave permission to the major part of
                            these to retire to their own homes and such of the remainder as were not prevailed upon to join them, were directed to lay
                            at Springfield until further orders.
                        When the revolters were collected, the commissioners appointed by the assembly to enquire into &
                            redress the grievances of the brigade with myself acquainted them with what powers we were vested and at the same time
                            assured them that when they are turned to their duty & not till then, we would hear and treat with them. A point
                            which they strongly contested was that their own oaths should be admissible in determining the terms of their enlistments
                            as with the Pensylvanians; this we did not think proper by any means to grant them and they finally gave it up. They
                            marched this day on their return to the huts with Colo: Shreeve only, where they have promised again to put themselves
                            under the command of their officers. As soon as the men who were permitted to go out of the way, are collected, I shall
                            detach a guard with the cannon to Morris town and send on, the others to the huts. As I am not without my fears, that,
                            when they discover they are not discharged agreable to their wishes by the commissioners, they may again become seditious
                            and not consider themselves amenable to the orders of their officers, I would wish to be instructed by your excellency,
                            whether in that case it would not be adviseable to call in the militia, who, I am of opinion can be at any time collected
                            for that purpose, and make use of more rigorous measures to humble them.
                        I am happy to acquaint your Excellency that I am greatly recovered, altho my health and strength are not yet
                            sufficiently establish’d to warrant my continuance in camp at this season of the year.
                        The enemy are now putting on board of vessels, quantities of military & ordinance stores, in which
                            tis also said that troops are to be embarked, their destination is entirely unknown. May not the British have in
                            expectation a general revolt of the army, and from those expectations, have their eye upon West point? I am Sir your
                            Excellencys most obedient and Hbl. servant

                            Elias Dayton

                            P.S. Enclosed is a copy of the pardon granted the mutineers—several of which did not comply with it,
                                who are proper objects, of whom I would wish to see made examples of.

                     Enclosure

                                Chatham Jany 23, 1781

                            The Commandant of the Jersey Brigade in answer to the petition of the Sergeants for a general pardon,
                                observes that in consideration of the Brigade’s haveing revolted before they were made acquainted with the resolution
                                of the legislature directing an inquiry into their enlistments and of their agreeing immediately upon their being
                                informed of said resolution to return to their duty and of their haveing neither shed blood nor done violence to the
                                person of any officer or inhabitant; he hereby promises a pardon to all such as immediately without hesitation shall
                                return to their duty and conduct themselves in a soldierly manner. Those who shall, notwithstanding this unmerited
                                proffer of clemency, refuse obedience, must expect the reward due to such obstinate villainy.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Forrest, 24 January 1781
From: Forrest, Thomas
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Philadelphia Jany 24th 1781

                        The day after the unhappy Affair happened at Camp in the Line, I receiv’d a Letter from General Knox Ordering
                            me on to Carlile to Superintend the Artificiers, in Compliance with his Order I have proceded thus far, & waited
                            on the Board of War for my instructions. my desire to Serve my Country is as great as ever, but the Situation of my little
                            family so Operates against my wishes & Lay’s me under the painfull necessity of troubling You, Sir, once more on
                            the Subject of my retiring.
                        The plan propos’d to me by the General, for Coll Hamilton to take my place I hope will meet with the
                            Approbation of the Gentlemen of the Corps at the park I can Assure you, Sir in the Regt to which I belong there is not a
                            Desenting Voice I have wrote to the Generall on the Occasion, but have not been answerd Should I succeed on the Above plan
                            & be indulg’d with an answer it will Add to the many favours already Confer’d on Your Excellency’s Most Obt Very
                            Huml. Servt

                            Thos Forrest


Title: To George Washington from Nathanael Greene, 24 January 1781
From: Greene, Nathanael
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Camp on Pedee S. Carolina January 24th 1781.

                        In my despatches of the 29th Ultimo, I did myself the honor to acquaint your Excellency with the disposition
                            I had made to counteract the movements of the enemy, and to protect the Country from their depredations.
                        Lord Cornwallis continued at Weymissbury, making every preparation, and compleatly equiping his troops for
                            the most active operations, untill the 9th Instant; when having been joined by the troops under General Leslie, he put his
                            army in motion and advanced as far as the Cross-roads on the West side of the Catawba river, and about forty miles from
                            Camden.
                        The position which Brig. General Morgan occupied, was well chosen for harrassing the left flank, and checking
                            the progress of the enemy on the route they had taken for the execution of their plan of operations. This I suppose
                            induced his Lordship on the 11th to detach Lt Colonel Tarlton to dislodge him, and disperse the few Militia who were
                            collecting.
                        I have the satisfaction to transmit your Excellency the copy of a letter which I this moment recieved from
                            Brigadier Genl Morgan announcing the total defeat of Lt Colonel Tarlton’s detachment. The victory was compleat, and the
                            action glorious. The brilliancy and success with which it was fought, does the highest honor to the American arms and adds
                            splendor to the character of the General and his Officers. I must beg leave to recommend them to your Excellency’s notice
                            and doubt not, but from your representation Congress will recieve pleasure from testifying their approbation of their
                            conduct.
                        Colonel Pickens was left on the ground to relieve the wounded, and to cover that part of the Country.
                        I am unhappy that the distressed situation of this Army will not admit of our improving the advantage we have
                            gained. But I hope it has given the enemy a check that will prevent their advancing for some days. Our supplies of
                            provisions are growing more precarious; and the other Stores which I can only look for from Philadelphia, do not arrive in
                            such quantities, as to replace those which are daily destroyed in service.
                        I have appointed Major Hyrne Deputy Commissary Genl of Prisoners for the Southern department, and ordered
                            him to send all the prisoners of War to Virginia. The Militia under General Stephens will take charge of them, as their
                            time of service has already expired.
                        I have directed Major General the Baron de Steuben to transmit to Congress and to your Excellency regular
                            reports of the operations in Virginia.
                        I do myself the honor to enclose a copy of my Letter to Congress respecting the action of the 17th Inst. I am
                            With sentiments of the most perfect esteem and respect Your Excellency’s Most Obedient Humble Servant

                            Nath. Greene

                     Enclosure

                                Dear Sir.
                                Camp near Cain Creek Jany 19t. 1781

                            The Troops I have the honor to command have gained a compleat Victory over a Detachment from the British
                                Army commanded by Lt Colonel Tarlton. The Action happened on the 17t. Instant about Sunrise at a Place called the
                                Cow Pens near Pacolet River.
                            On the 14t. having recieved certain Intelligence that the British Army were in motion, and that their
                                movements clearly indicated their Intentions of dislodging us. I abandoned my Encampment at Grindales Ford, and on the
                                16t. in the Evening took Possession of a Post about 7 miles from the Cherokee Ford on Broad River. My former Position
                                subjected me at once to the Operations of Lord Cornwallis and Colonel Tarlton and in Case of a Defeat my Retreat might
                                easily have been cut off. My Situation at the Cowpens enabled me to improve any advantages I might gain, and to provide
                                better for my own Security, Should I be unfortunate. These Reasons induced me to take this Post. nothwithstanding it
                                had the Appearance of a Retreat. On the Evening of the 16t. the Enemy occupied the Ground we removed from in the
                                Morning. An Hour before daylight one of my Scouts informed me that they had advanced within five miles of our Camp. On
                                this Information the necessary Dispositions were made and from the Alacrity of the Troops we were soon prepared to
                                recieve them.
                            The Light Infantry commanded by Lt Colonel Howard and the  Militia under Majr
                                Triplett were formed on a rising ground. The 3rd Regt of Dragoons consisting of 80 Men under the Command of Lt Colonel
                                Washington, were so Posted in their Rear as not to be injured by the Enemy’s Fire and yet to be able to charge the
                                Enemy should an occasion offer. The Volunteers from N. Carolina, S. Carolina and Georgia under the Command of Colonel
                                Pickens were posted to guard the Flanks. Majr McDowell of the S. Carolina Volunteers was posted on the right Flank in
                                Front of the Line 150 Yds and Majr Cunming of the Georgia Volunteers on the left at the same distance in Front.
                                Colonels Brannon and Thomas of the S. Carolina on the right of Majr McDowell and Colonel Hays and McCall of the same
                                Corps on the left of Majr Cummings, Captains Tate and MacLannan with the Augusta Riflemen were to support the right of
                                the Line.
                            The Enemy drew up in one Line 400 Yds in Front of our advanced Corps. The 1st Batt. of the 71 Reg. was
                                opposed to our Right: The 7th Reg. to our left. The Legion Infantry to our Center and two light Companies 100 Men each
                                on their Flanks. In their Front moved on two field Pieces and Lt Colonel Tarlton with 200 Cavalry was posted in the
                                Rear of his Line. The Desposition  made small Parties of Riflemen were detached to skirmish
                                with the Enemy, on which their whole Line advanced on with the greatest Impetuosity shouting as they advanced. Major
                                McDowell and Cunningham gave them a heavy Fire and retreated to the Regiments intended for their Support. The whole of
                                Colonel Pickens’s Command then kept up a Fire by Regiments retreating agreable to their orders. When the Enemy
                                advanced to our Line they recieved a well directed and incessant Fire, but their numbers being superiour to ours, they
                                gained our Flanks, which obliged us to change our Position. We retired in good order about 50 Paces formed, advanced on
                                the Enemy and gave them a brisk Fire, which threw them into Disorder. Lt Colonel Howard observing this gave orders for
                                the Line to charge Bayonets which was done with such address that the Enemy fled with the utmost Precipitation.
                            Lt Colonel Washington discovering that the Cavalry were cutting down our Riflemen on the left charged
                                them with such Firmness as obliged them to retire in Confusion. The Enemy were entirely routed and the  continued for upwards of 20 Miles.
                            Our Loss is very inconsiderable, not having more than 12 killed and 60 wounded. The Enemys Loss was 10
                                Com. officers killed, & upwards of 100 R. & File, 200 wounded; 29 Com. officers and more than 500
                                Privates Prisoners which fall into our Hands with two field Pieces, two standards, 800 musquets, one travelling forge, 35
                                Waggons, 70 negros & upwards of 100 dragoon Horses and all their Musick. They destroyed most of their Baggage
                                which was immense.
                            Altho our Success was compleat, we fought only 800 Men & were opposed by upwards of 1000 chosen
                                British Troops.
                            Such was the Inferiority of our Numbers that our Success must be attributed to the Justice of our Cause
                                and the Gallantry of our Troops. My wishes would induce me to name every Continental in the Corps. In justice to the
                                Bravery and good Conduct of the Officers, I have taken the Liberty to enclose you a List of their names from a  that you will be pleased to introduce such Characters to the World.
                            Major Giles my Aid D. Camp and Capt. Brookes my Brigade Majr deserve and have my thanks for their
                                Assistance & behaviour on this occasion.
                            The Baron De Glaebuck, who accompanied Majr Giles with these dispatches, served with me as a Volunteer
                                and behaved so as to merit your attention. I am Dr Sir Yr Obedt Sert

                                Dan. Morgan

                     Enclosure

                                (Copy)
                                Sir,
                                Camp South Carolina on Pedee January 24th 1781.

                            I have the honor to enclose for the information of Congress the copy of my letter to his Excellency Genl
                                Washington with the enclosures announcing the glorious defeat of a detachment of the British Army under Lt Col.
                                Tarlton.
                            The action was important and reflects the highest honor on General Morgan and the troops under his
                                command.
                            Major Edward Giles will deliver these despatches and have the honor to give Congress such further
                                information as they may request.
                            The Deputy Commissary Genl of Prisoners will as soon as possible transmit a particular return of the
                                prisoners taken on the 17th; by which conveyance I will forward the Standards to be laid at the feet of Congress. I
                                have the honor to be With sentiments of the greatest respect and esteem Your Excellency’s Most Obedient Humble Servant

                                Nath. Greene

                     Enclosure

                                Jany 19 1781

                            A list of the Commissioned officers in the action of the 17th of January 1781
                            Of the Lt Infantry.

                                    John Howard Lt Colonel Commandant

                                    Benjamin Brookes Capt. and Major of Brigade

                                    Capt Robert Kirkwood

                                    Delaware

                                    Captain Anderson

                                    Maryland

                                    Captain Dobson

                                    Do

                                    Lieute. Ewing

                                    Do

                                    Lieut. Watkins

                                    Do

                                    Lieut. Hanson

                                    Do

                                    Lieut. Barnes

                                    Virginia

                                    Lieut. Miller

                                    Do

                                    Ensign King

                                    Do

                                    Ensign Dyer

                                    Maryland

                                    Ensign Smith

                                    Do

                                    Lieut. Anderson

                                    Delaware

                                    Of the 3d Regt of Lt Dragoon

                                    Lt Colonel William Washington

                                    Virginia

                                    Major Richard Call

                                    Do

                                    Capt. Barrett

                                    Do

                                    Lt Bell

                                    Do

                                    Cornet Simmons

                                    South Carolina

                                    Of the Maryland State Regt

                                    Edward Giles Major and acting A.D. Camp of the Virginia Militia

                                    Major Triplett

                                    Captain Buchannan

                                    Captain Tate

                                    Captain Gilmore

                                    Ensign Combs

                                    Ensign McCorhill

                                    Ensign Wilson

                            The Baron de Glabuck served as a volunteer in Genl Morgan’s family and Mr Andrews with Colonel Washington’s Regt.
                            Colonel Pickens and all the officers in his Corps behaved well; but from their having so lately joined
                                the detachment, it has been impossible to collect all their names and ranks, so that the Genl is
                                constrained not to particularize any least it should be doing injustice to others. By orders of B. Genl Morgan

                                Edward Giles A.D.C.


Title: To George Washington from Nathanael Greene, 24 January 1781
From: Greene, Nathanael
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Camp Pedee January 24th 1781

                        My public letter will inform your Excellency of the success of the troops under the command of General
                            Morgan. The event is glorious; and I am exceeding unhappy that our wretched condition will not permit our improving it to
                            the best advantage. I shall do all I can but our prospects are gloomy. Our force is small and dayly declining. We have no
                            cloathing or provisions but what we collect from day to day; and the enemies late incursion into Virginia I apprehend will
                            cut off our prospects from that quarter. I hope your Excellency will repeat your letters to Congress upon the necessity of
                            filling the Army and forming Magazines of provision and forage. We never can be fortunate but that it operates to our
                            disadvantage; and above half the pleasure that results from the victory is lost in the apprehension that it will
                                relax the preparations for the support of the war. I wish your Excellency to place this event in
                            its true point of light to Congress; that if it stands alone it will be of no consequence but if properly improvd upon, it
                            may have the most salutary effects.
                        What your Excellency mentioned in your last private letter to me is very just: the commanding officer has a
                            collective view of all the difficulties in the different departments. But when I was with the Northern Army, I had a
                            pretty good opportunity of knowing the difficulties from being at the head of one of the great departments, and from the
                            confidence which you was pleased to honor me with. In comparing the difficulties of the Northern service with this of the
                            Southern one being but a small proportion to the other: whether from the make of the Country, the divisions among the
                            Inhabitants, the difficulty of obtaining supplies or the unequal force we have to contend with. And my spirits would sink
                            under the load, was it not from a perswasion that to what ever straights I may be reduced or however unfortunate I may be,
                            from the hazards I am obliged to run, your Excellency will do justice to my intentions. I have one consolation which is, I
                            have the confidence of the Troops and the good will of the Officers. But the unsettled state of the different lines in
                            front of rank, multiplies our embarassments; nor can I see the least prospect of bringing them to a speedy close.
                        I hope Baron Stuben writes your Excellency respecting the enemies movements in Virginia, as I have desired
                            him to be very particular, and keep you constantly informed of every material circumstance. I beg my respectful
                            compliments to Mrs Washington; and to all the Gentlemen of your family. I am with esteem & regard Your Excellencys
                            Most Obedt humble Ser.

                            N. Greene


Title: To George Washington from William Heath, 24 January 1781
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General
                            West point Janry 24th 1781

                        The State of the river, and of the roads forbid me the honor of waiting on you at New Windsor.
                        ever Since I had the honor of seeing your Excellency here I have been impatiently waiting to hear from the
                            Troops below, but have not received a Syllable. A British Firing was heard on Sunday morning, and again this morning. The
                            roads are so exceedingly bad that Intelligence can not be expected so easily as otherwise might be, but the time has been
                            long. I have this morning sent an express down towards Crompond to inquire for news, but the crossing of the river and the
                            roads are so bad that I do not expect his return before evening. I however momentarily expect an express from that
                            Quarter.
                        The Battalion from the Garrison destined for the Jersies marched yesterday perhaps as fine a Body of men of
                            their number as have been seen, I apprehend the detachments on the other side of the river Crossed at Kings ferry
                            yesterday. Major General Howe left this place this morning and will overtake the Troops in the Course of the Day. The
                            moment I Obtain any Intelligence of Consequence it shall be transmitted to your Excellency. I have the honor to be with
                            the greatest respect your Excellencys most obedient Servt

                            W. Heath


Title: From George Washington to Samuel Huntington, 24 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Huntington, Samuel

                            Sir,
                            New Windsor Janry 24th 1781

                        I have the honor to introduce to your Excellency’s acqe the Count de Charlus Son to the Marqs de Castres,
                            Minister of the Marine of France—This Gentleman’s rank & amiable qualities are alone sufficient to entitle him to
                            every mark of Respect but when it is known that his zeal to promote the Cause of Americas freedom induced him to resign a
                            Colonelship of Horse in France to serve as second Colonel of the Saintonge Regiment in this Country I am perswaded it is
                            unnecessary to say more to recomd him in the fullest manner to your Excellys particular esteem &
                            attention. I have the honr to be &ca

                            Go: W——n


Title: From George Washington to Samuel Huntington, 24 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Huntington, Samuel

                            Sir
                             24 January 1781

                        I have the honr of introducing to your acquaintance the Count De Dillon Colo. in the Duke de Lauzuns
                            Legion—He is a Gentn of distinction, & to great personal merit adds a warm Zeal for the Service of America which
                            cannot fail to recommend him to your Excellys esteem. I have the honr to be &ca Yr Exy &ca.


Title: From George Washington to Samuel Huntington, 24 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Huntington, Samuel

                            Sir,
                             24 January 1781

                        I have the honr to introduce to your Exy acqe Monsr Dumat Aide de Camp to the Count de Rochambeau—a G. of
                            merit & acknowledged Abilities—qualities which I am perswaded, will recommend him to your Esteem. I have the honr to
                        be.


Title: To George Washington from Samuel Huntington, 24 January 1781
From: Huntington, Samuel
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Philadelphia January 24. 1781

                        I have been honored with your Letter of 15th Instant.
                        And am directed to acquaint your Excellency that the Line of Conduct you thought proper to adopt on receiving
                            Intelligence of the late Disorders of the non Commissioned Officers & Privates in the Pennsylvania Line, and the
                            Reasons you have assigned for remaining with the Army stationed at & near West Point, meet with the entire
                            Approbation of Congress.
                        Your Excellency’s Sentiments relative to the Subject of removing the french Troops are such as might be
                            expected from the Nature & Circumstances of the Case and seem to have given universal Satisfaction. I have the
                            Honor to be with every Sentiment of Respect your Excellency’s most obedient & most humble Servant

                            Sam. Huntington President


Title: From George Washington to Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, 24 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de

                            Sir,
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Jany 24. 1781

                        I have been duly honored with your Excellency’s letter of the 10th and 13th instant. The 20th I had the
                            pleasure of writing to you fully, principally on the subject of the Pensylvania line.
                        It is with equal mortification and regret, I find myself obliged to add to that, the account of a second
                            mutiny, which I had apprehended and which has lately taken place in the Jersey troops—When the advices came away, it was
                            only partial, that corps being divided into several detachments; but it was imagined the revolt of one part had been in
                            consequence of a preconcerted plan between the whole and that the remainder would follow the example. Immediately on
                            receiving the intelligence, I sent a detachment from these posts, under the command of Major General Howe, with orders to
                            compel the mutineers to unconditional submission—and I have requested the civil authority not to interpose with any terms
                            of conciliation. It appears to me essential, that this spirit should be suppressed by force, and by the exemplary
                            punishment, of the principal instigators of the defection.
                        The complaints and demands of these mutineers resemble those of the Pensylvanians.
                        It is hard to say with certainty how far the disposition which has now appeared may extend itself among
                            troops, who have so many causes of dissatisfaction, but I hope we shall be able to stop the progress of the evil here.
                        The Count De Custine, The Marquis De Lavale and Mr De la Corbiere who have honor to call upon me on their
                            return to Rhode Island will communicate to you all we learn, concerning Arnolds descent in Virginia. ’Tis said by later
                            accounts that he had reimbarked—perhaps to fall upon some other point. We have no other intelligence. I have the honor to
                            be With sincere esteem Yr Excellency’s Most Obed. servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to John Bailey, 25 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Bailey, John

                            Gentlemen
                            New Windsor Jany 25. 1781

                        I last evening received the letter which you were pleased to write me of the 20th instant requesting my
                            opinion of Col. Hay’s conduct in his former and present station.
                        I can only answer in general that from the character given me of him while serving in the Northern army—from
                            the information I received of his conduct while acting in this department—and from my own observations upon it—I have
                            always considered Col. Hay as a capable useful diligent active and upright servant of the public. My situation however did
                            not enable me to look into the interior of his transactions in business, of course from my own knowlege I could only judge
                            of the results to the service and on these are founded the opinion I have given. I have the honor to be Gentlemen Your
                            Most Obed. & Most humble servant


Title: From George Washington to George Dawson, 25 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Dawson, George

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Janry 25 81

                        Through a variety of channels representations of too serious a nature to be disregarded, have come to us
                            that the American naval prisoners in the harbour of New York are suffering all the extremities of distress from a two
                            crowded and in all respects disagreeable and unwholesome situation on board the prison-ships, and from the want of food
                            and other necessaries. The picture given us of their sufferings is truly calamitous and deplorable; If just, it is the
                            obvious interest of both parties (to omit the plea of humanity) that the causes should be without delay inquired into and
                            removed; if false, it is equally desirable that effectual measures should be taken to obviate misapprehension. This can
                            only be done by permitting an officer of Confidence on both sides to visit the prisoners in their respective confinements,
                            and examine into their true condition. This will either at once satisfy you that by some abuse of trust in the persons
                            immediately charged with the care of the prisoners their treatment is really such as has been described to us and
                            requires a change; or it will convince us that the clamours are ill grounded. A disposition to aggravate the miseries of
                            captivity is too illiberal, to be imputed to any but those subordinate characters, who, in every service, are too often
                            remiss or unprincipled. This reflection assures me that you will acquiesce in the mode proposed for ascertaining the
                            truth and detecting delinquency on one side or falsehood on the other.
                        The discussions and asperities which have had too much place on the subject of prisoners are so irksome in
                            themselves and have had so many ill-consequences, that it is infinitely to be wished there may be no room given to revive
                            them. The mode I have suggested appears to me calculated to bring the present case to a fair, direct and satisfactory
                            issue—I am not sensible of any inconveniences it can be attended with, and I therefore hope for your concurrence. I shall
                            be glad as soon as possible to hear from you on the subject. I have the honour to be Sir Your Most Obedt humble servant


Title: From George Washington to William Heath, 25 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Heath, William

                            Dear Sir
                            New Windsor Jany 25th-29 1781

                        The abilities of the author of the enclosed letter, and his talent for enterprize, are unknown to me; I am
                            unable therefore to advise with respect to the project he contemplates. If he has spirit & address equal to the
                            execution of it, and is possessed of sufficient prudence to receive discretionary orders it will be perfectly agreeable to
                            me that you should give them.
                        The Colonel is not, I think, an object—the other would be a great one—& if executed cleverly, would
                            give reputation proportionate to the brilliancy and importance of the stroke, but it ought not to be attempted by a
                            bunglar, because a miscarriage cuts off hope from a future attempt—as even a successful one on the Colo.—would render any
                            effort to surprize the General fruitless.
                        The propriety therefore of the Enterprize depends upon the object, and the talents of the Officer. The last
                            of which from your own knowledge, or such as you can obtain by enquiry, you will be better enabled to judge of than I. I
                            am Dr Sir—with esteem & Regd Yr Most Obedt Servt

                            Go: Washington

                            P.S. 29th Jany. The above was wrote before I set out for Jersey—upon my return last Night I found a
                                letter from Captn Sumner expressing a wish to leave the Service. I therefore think it ineligable to hold up an idea to
                                him that his project is agreeable. I am &ca

                            G. W——n


Title: From George Washington to William Heath, 25 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Heath, William

                            Dear Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Janry 25th 1781

                        I am much obliged to you for the account of the success of the Enterprize against Morrissania.
                        Since the Troops under the command of Major General Parsons appear to be so much fatigued, I would advise to
                            compleat the Detachment of Major Gen. Howe (if possible) from the Troops remaining in Camp, particularly from the Brigades
                            on the East Side of the River; because these men may be immediately replaced by those returning from the Enterprize; And
                            perhaps by the address of General Parsons some Volunteers may be obtained from the last Mentioned Troops. At any rate the
                            service is so pressing, that the Men should be marched for Pompton, as early as possible, from one Quarter or the other.
                            You will be best able to determine from whence they can be send, when you see General Parsons, which will be, I suppose,
                            before the receipt of this Letter. I am Dear Sir With very great esteem Your Most Obedt Hble Servt

                            Go: Washington

                            P.S. I shall set out for Ringwood (nothing happening to prevent it) tomorrow morning to act as
                                circumstances may require.

                            Go: W.


Title: From George Washington to Robert Howe, 23 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Howe, Robert

                            Dear Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Janry 23 1781

                        I have not heard a word of the Jersey Troops, since the first intelligence of their defection—And am
                            extremely anxious to know the true state of Matters—for this purpose, I shall set out tomorrow towards you; but Not with a
                            design of superseding your command, &c.
                        Be pleased to give me all the information you can obtain by Express, that it may meet me somewhere on the
                            road. I am Dr Sir With very great regard Yr


Title: To George Washington from Robert Howe, 25 January 1781
From: Howe, Robert
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir
                            Turner’s Clove 25th January 1781.

                        I arrived here with the detatchment of Massachuset Troops after Surmounting great difficulties in crossing
                            the mountain, from the extraordinary depth of the Snow, the men however in high spirits have proceeded on their march to
                            Ringwood. Gl Heath has assured me he will hasten on the Conecticut and New Hampshire detatchments—the
                            artillery I have not yet heard of, but imagine it is on its way. I beg leave to Suggest to your Excellency whether Doctor
                            Cockran or some person from that hospital had not better be ordered on, as in Case of accidents their presence may be
                            necessary.
                        I Shall write to your Excellency More fully from Ringwood to which place I am posting—for want of an express
                            I Send this letter to General Heath desiring him to forward it without loss of time, a safe opportunity to West point
                            having offered. I am Dear Sir with great respect your Excellency’s Most Obedient and Most hble Servant

                            Robert Howe