Title: To George Washington from Philip Schuyler, 3 September 1791
From: Schuyler, Philip
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Albany [N.Y.] September 3d 1791

I did not receive the letter you did me the honor to address of the 25th ult:, until it was too late, to acknowledge its receipt, by the return of the post who brought it.
On the Objects to be ascertained, so great a diversity of Opinion prevails, even amongst the best informed, that it seems requisite, the decision in every instance, should be the result, of what has really occured, or at present exists, I shall therefore extend all my Attention to the compleatest investigation of facts, I am capable of, and state the reasons that least to my conclusions.
Some important business will call me from home in a few days, and wholly engross my Attention for Eight or ten days more, but immediately thereafter, I shall devote myself, without intermission, to enable me to transmit answers to your interesting enquiries. I have the honor to be with every sentiment of respect, Esteem and Affectionate regard, Dear Sir, Your most Obedient Servant

Ph: Schuyler


Title: To George Washington from Robert Ballard, 4 September 1791
From: Ballard, Robert
To: Washington, George

Sir
Baltimore Septemr 4th 1791

I must once more take the liberty of trespassing on your time with a few lines, which respects the compensation to be allowed me for my services as Inspector of the Revenue. The Supervisor in his Circular Letter to me, says that, “as it was supposed that the Office would add but little trouble to the Office of Surveyor, no particular compensation is allotted.” I cannot find any part of the Law which warrants such an opinion—and I am sure that in exercising the duty, I find the entire service falls on me. Mr Gale performs not any duty other than that of furnishing me with blank Cerficates, and semiquarterly a Copy of my proceedings. I am, sir, to acknowledge the very great obligation I owe you for your goodness in bestowing this second kind favor on me; and permit me to assure your Excellency, that I shall observe the most watchful attention in the exercise of my duty—but sir, if Mr Gales Opinion prevails, that is to say, I do all the duty, and he receive all the pay, then I am more than ruined. My fees arising from my Surveyors Office is far short of maintenance, and nothing but the kind indulgence of my Creditors prevents me from Suits. The duty of an Inspector of the Revenue, is very arduous, and the office important & respectable—at present I keep only one Clerk who does nothing but write in the Office; to him I give £100 ⅌ Year. In the Spring when the Crops of Spirit comes in, I must have an additional Clerk. It is a melancholy reflection where my whole time and service is yielded to the Public to know that the emoluments allowed, falls considerably short of Support: especially as I am growing old & have a large family to maintain and educate—and that is all I now look up to.

I have, may it please your Excellency, been thus particular, well knowing that when any case comes fairly before you that the strictest justice will be done, I must furthermore add that the Ex⟨mutilated⟩ business falls considerably heavy on my other duty, without any reward for it. The Gauger and Weigher are paid for their share of that duty, and nothing is allowed to the Surveyor. I have the Honor to be with the greatest respect Your Excellency’s most Obedt humble Servt

Robert Ballard


Title: From George Washington to John Jay, 4 September 1791
From: Washington, George
To: Jay, John

My dear Sir,
Philadelphia Septr 4th 1791.

The indisposition, and consequent absence from Mount Vernon of my Nephew, Majr Washington, to whom the care of my private business is entrusted, makes it indispensably necessary for me to go home before the meeting of Congress.
My stay there will be longer or shorter according to circumstances

—but it cannot exceed the middle of October, as I must be back before the meeting of that Body.
Will you permit me, my dear Sir, to make a similar request to the one I did last year—and to pray that your ideas may not be confined to matters merely Judicial, but extended to all other topics which have, or may occur to you as fit subjects for general, or private Communications. With sincere esteem and affectionate regard I am—My dear Sir Your Obedt & very Hble Servt

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from “Adolescens”, 5 September 1791
From: “Adolescens”
To: Washington, George

May it please your Excellency
⟨Friday 5⟩th Septemr 1791.

Tho’ an address, most respected Sir, to one in your exalted Station, to which a fictitious name is subscribed may seem altogether strange & uncommon, yet the Contents of this letter will I hope be a sufficient apology for its Author’s temerity, and, I flatter myself that a Man whose heart is ever alive to the calls of Humanity, will not deem it an impertinent intrusion.

That I may not trespass for long on your goodness Sir, I will, with the utmost diffidence proceed to lay before you my distressed situation. The person who now has the honor to claim your Excellency’s attention is the most wretched of Men. I am the son, Sir of a professional gentleman who was once very eminent & who is still I believe generally esteemed as a man of very superior abilities, but an unfortunate attachment to Company & an unhappy partiality for pleasurable pursuits has for some years past put it out of his power to pay that attention to Business which his Employers expected—in consequence of which his practice has considerably decreased & he is now barely enabled to maintain his family genteelly—Whatever may have been his foibles however, he has always been a tender & kind Father, and his anxiety for my future Welfare, is now the cause of all my woe. Some considerable time past I formed an attachment which as it was then disagreeable to my friends I endeavoured to stifle in its infancy, but having frequent opportunities of conversing with one of the most amiable of Women, I found the attempt utterly vain & impossible, & every exertion but confirmed me a slave to her perfections. She had as is natural to be supposed many other admirers, but always honored me with particular attention & in every Company for every occasion I was preferred—not considering the consequences I then courted her esteem & Oh most sacred Sir! words are wanting to express my transports, when with a candour that did honor to her own intrinsic worth, she confessed that I was entire Master of her affections, & that she lived but to make me happy—Then, Sir, oh then! I was at the summit of Bliss, my felicity was to exquisite to be of long duration for from that moment which made me the happiest of Men, from that Moment I date the completion of my misery. My own misfortunes I could bear with patience & a calm resignation to the divine will, but shall I for a moment cause an uneasy sensation in the breast of one who lives but to make me happy, oh my God! the thought distracts me, the Idea peirces my very Soul—but alas! where am I going Oh Sir! pardon my anguish, I will no Longer trouble you with my distress but continue my Narrative.
My parents I believe have no objection to my entering into the matrimonial State, but my age (being only 19) & my situation

—it is not in their power at present to put me in any line of business by which I could obtain a subsistence for a family, and the dear object of my affections has not a fortune at her own disposal. Her father it is true is a man of some property, but he is determined not to let any part of his Estate go out of his own hands until his death, & indeed even then, he has Several other Children who have an equal right to his paternal bounty—Now Sir you have heard my Situation candidly laid open & oh let your sensibility be awakened—have Compassion on an unhappy Couple whose only misfortunes proceed from a virtuous attachment to each other & not having it in their power honorably to gratify their mutual affections. But perhaps your Excellency may doubt my veracity & look upon the Author of this address as a villainous imposture, & alas! what language can I use to convince you to the contrary—Oaths & protestations are now Sir so common that I cannot expect they will have much weight, but with permission I will pledge you my most sacred honor Sir that what I have here asserted is most strictly true & that my condition is just as I have related, I once thought a personal application the most proper to obviate this objection, but the mortification which my Connexions would have suffered had they known it, entirely deterred me & indeed my own resolution was ⟨scarcely⟩ adequate to the Task—however if your Excellency still suspects my sincerity, I will wait on you with pleasure at any hour you may be so condescending as to appoint and in the mean time permit me Sir Submissively to beg that I may receive a line of information on this head on Wednesday morning next when I will take the liberty to call for that purpose, and let me beseech you to pardon my presumption, & oh Sir let your Generosity be exerted in my favor, & may your liberality snatch a Wretch from the brink of despair & perhaps of Eternity whose whole happiness entirely depends on your Goodness, and whose constant prayers shall be for your eternal Welfare & felicity. I am With every Sentiment of the most profound Respect Your Excellencys most devoted & very humble Serv’t

Adolescens


Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 5 September 1791
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

  [Philadelphia] 5 September 1791. Encloses the resignation of Thomas Seayres, “who was appointed an Ensign on the 30th of April 1790, and a Lieutenant on the 4th of March last—But he never joined the troops, and therefore his resignation is not to be regretted.”


Title: From George Washington to Moustier, 5 September 1791
From: Washington, George
To: Moustier, Eléanor-François-Elie, comte de

Dear Sir,
Philadelphia September 5. 1791.

I have had the pleasure to receive the letter which you were so good as to write to me from Berlin on the 26 of April.
The favorable sentiments which you express of our country and its councils are very agreeable to me—The kind interest which you take in my personal happiness excites a grateful sensibility.
You will learn with pleasure that events have realised the most sanguine hopes of our national prosperity—The influence of the general government has extended to every relation of political improvement, and to the promotion of our social happiness.
The interesting state of affairs in France excites the sympathy, and engages the good wishes of our citizens, who will rejoice to hear that the public deliberations have resulted in the permanent dignity and happiness of your nation. In the joy, which that event will diffuse, no one will participate more sincerely than he who is, with great regard, Dear Sir, Your most obedient Servant

G. Washington


Title: From George Washington to Edward Newenham, 5 September 1791
From: Washington, George
To: Newenham, Edward

Dear Sir,
Philadelphia, September 5th 1791.

I have the pleasure to acknowledge the receipt of your letters of the 31st of January, and 10 of March last, and to express my obligations to your flattering and friendly assurances of regard.
The interest which you are so good as to take in the welfare of the United States makes the communication of their prosperity to you, a most agreeable duty. You will learn with pleasure that events have justified the most sanguine expectations entertained of the influence of the general government on the political and social happiness of America.
Public credit established—Justice promptly and impartially administered—Industry encouraged and protected—Science progressing—Liberty, civil and religious, secured on the liberal basis of reason and virtue, are the rich rewards of the past exertions of our citizens, and the strong incentives to future patriotism.
The manufacture of maple sugar is in a very promising train, and, as the tree grows in several of the States, there is every reason to conclude that its cultivation will be prosecuted with success. Colonel Jeremiah Wadsworth is of Connecticut, and, at present, one of the Representatives of that State in Congress.
The multiplied cares of my public station do not permit me minutely to indulge the pleasures of private correspondence, and they oblige me to resort to the candor of my friends to excuse a brevity, which might appear abrupt, or a seeming inattention that nothing else could justify.
I shall realise with the most sensible satisfaction your purposed visit to our country, as it will afford me an opportunity personally to assure you of the great regard and esteem, with which I am, Dear Sir, Your most obedient Servant

G. Washington.


Title: To George Washington from William Loughton Smith, 5 September 1791
From: Smith, William Loughton
To: Washington, George

  New York, 5 September 1791. Encloses for GW’s perusal a letter from Arnoldus Vanderhorst, the intendant of Charleston, recommending his uncle Elias Vanderhorst as consul for the port of Bristol—“I beleive the Intendant would not recommend any person unworthy of the Station”—and calls “attention to Col. Motte, as Successor to Mr Hall, & to Mr Bounetheau for the place of Naval Officer: From my own knowledge & inquiry I beleive the latter gentleman eminently qualified for it.”


Title: To George Washington from Aulay Macaulay, 6 September 1791
From: Macaulay, Aulay
To: Washington, George

Sir
Claybrook near Lutterworth, Leicestershire6th Septr 1791

I beg leave to appeal to your humanity on behalf of a poor old man in this neighbourhood whose name is Thomas Franklin—and who stands in the relation of first cousin to the late Dr Benjamin Franklin—His Father and Dr F.’s Father were Brothers—He is now in indigent circumstances—and sinking under the pressure of age and infirmities—Dr Franklin once took some notice of him tho’ he made no mention of him in his will—At the time that the Doctor first heard of his having so near a relation in Leicestershire—the poor man happened to be imprisoned for debt—but Dr F. released him—and besides other marks of kindness and generosity he took his kinsman’s daughter

under his protection—and gave her a good education—This young Lady was married by Dr Franklin’s consent to a Mr Pearce, who went to America in 1783 (his wife having died a year before) and left his Son—who was then about four years old under the care of his Grandfather Thomas Franklin—He has never heard from the Boy’s Father, but once since he left England—The letter was dated Annapolis in Maryland—July 1784—The Boy is still with his Grandfather—He has no other relation or protector in this part of the world—and when the old man dies—he will be in a very pitiable situation.
Be assured Sir such is my veneration for the memory of Benjamin Franklin—that were I in circumstances to afford effectual relief to the Old man—and to provide for the Boy—I Should not have troubled you with a representation of their case—but I have nothing more than the very limited income of a country curacy and therefore I can contribute little besides my sympathy and good wishes—I flatter myself that the American Congress would not be averse to take under their protection those poor distressed relations of their great Benefactor—and I am persuaded that an appeal to their generosity through you Sir—cannot fail of success.
I am happy Sir to embrace this opportunity of expressing my veneration for your character—and the high sense which I entertain of your distinguished services to mankind—and with best wishes for your happiness—private & public—temporal & eternal I remain Sir your most humble Servt

A. Macaulay


Title: From George Washington to John Canon, 7 September 1791
From: Washington, George
To: Canon (Cannon), John

Sir,
Philadelphia, September 7th 1791.

I have received your letter of the 10. of August—and am very sorry to find that so far as it relates to my property under your care, I have no further satisfaction than the assurance which you have given in all the letters received from you, that I shall have a statement of my interest committed to your care—But Sir, I

surely had a right to expect something more than the promise of a statement before this time, as it is now better than four years since my lands were committed to your care—As the rents were to be paid in wheat it was certainly proper that time should be allowed for converting it into cash before I could receive any thing from you—But as yet I have received only fifty pounds—and, considering the length of time that you have had an agency in this business, and the great demands for wheat and flour, particularly last year, when, it is a fact known to every one that it not only commanded a higher price in that part of the country than perhaps had ever been before known there, but ready money also, I am persuaded you will yourself allow that I have just cause to complain.
I hope, Sir, you will, therefore, for your own sake, take such steps in the business as will put it upon a footing satisfactory to me as well as to yourself—and as you see the unfavorable impression which the thing, in its present state, makes upon my mind, I trust it will not be long before you endeavor to remove this impression by putting the business in the situation where it ought to be.
As I intend to leave this place next week for Mount Vernon and shall not return until the latter part of October, I shall not probably see you here unless you should be in this place the last of that month—but this will make no difference as the business can be equally well done with Mr Lear.
In reply to your request that I would mention your name to the Governor of this State as one of the County-Judges, I must inform you that I make it a point never to interfere, on any occasion, in any State appointments. I am Sir, your humble Servant

G. Washington


Title: To George Washington from George Clinton, 7 September 1791
From: Clinton, George
To: Washington, George

Sir
Greenwich [N.Y.] 7th September 1791

I do myself the Honor to transmit to your Excellency Copies of certain Dispatches, which I this Day received from Lieutenant Colonel Woolsey, commanding Officer of the Militia of Clinton County in the Northern Part of this State; with an Extract of his Letter to me in which they were inclosed. The repeated Insults which our Citizens have experienced from the British; both before, and since my last Communications to your Excellency on this Subject have been extreamly mortifying, and I have reason to conclude have in a very considerable Degree obstructed the Growth of the Settlements in that Quarter. Until the Receit of the inclosed Information I was induced to ascribe this Conduct to the unauthorized Insolence of Inferior Officers at their advanced Posts and flattered myself that it would soon have ceased; But the recent Proceeding of Colonel Tomlinson as stated in Mr Moore’s Letter appears to be too formal and unequivocal to admit of a Doubt that the present meditated Incroachment is sanctioned by the Orders of the British Government.
On this Occasion I presume I should stand justified in issuing Orders to the Militia to repel the Invasion; but as this might be attended with Consequences which would probably terminate in an Interruption of the Peace of the Union; I have thought it most adviseable to submit the Matter to your Excellency’s Consideration previous to my giving any Directions on the Subject.
Permit me Sir to observe that this State has already abundant Reason to complain of the Conduct of the British Government for the Retention of different Military Posts within it’s acknowledged Limits contrary to the Articles of Peace; and should they now be permitted to establish new Ones it will not fail to encrease the already prevailing disatisfaction. I have the Honor to be with the highest Respect Your Excellency’s Most Obedient Servant

Geo: Clinton


Title: Enclosure: Extract of Melancthon Lloyd Woolsey to George Clinton, 17 August 1791
From: Woolsey, Melancthon Lloyd
To: Clinton, George

Sir
Burlington (Vermont) 17th August 1791

“The enclosed Papers will show your Excellency the Nature and necessity of my Business here any farther explanation of my Motives will also I conceive be unnecessary, how far the Measures I have pursued will be consistant with your Ideas of the Nature and Tendency of this Business I am at a loss to determine; The peculiar Delicacy of my Situation, and consequent embarrassment I presume may be easily immagined; to escape Censure from the Government, or reproach from the People. To draw the True Line between Rashness and Timidity, and to avoid Hostility and be obedient to the Laws of my Country appears to me exceedingly difficult—Either a Depopulation of the Northern Part of the County of Clinton or hostile Opposition cannot much longer be avoided.
“Your Excellency’s last Letter to me contained Instructions but they were too general for my satisfaction at the present Juncture.
“That the Mode I have pursued already in seeking Advice here will be approved of I can hardly doubt; that Measure was consistent with Judge Tredwells Ideas & something that might be a Justification of my Conduct, appeared to me of Consequence—Governor Chittendon seemed pleased with the Attention—assured me of every support in Case of extremity and kindly offered at any Time to furnish me with the Means of communicating Dispatches if necessity required it. Our unprovided situation for Defence is much to be regretted, The Want of Arms & Ammunition is general on both Sides the Lake & the impossibility of making the Provision unequivocal.
“I hope to have your Excellency’s Directions as speedily as possible peremptory for every possible Emergency. I am &ca”

Mel. Ld Woolsey


Title: From George Washington to d’Estaing, 7 September 1791
From: Washington, George
To: Estaing, Charles-Hector Théodat, comte d’

Sir,
Philadelphia 7th September 1791.

I have had the honor to receive your letter of the 30th of May by the hands of Monsieur de Ternant. and I beg you will be assured that I have a proper sense of the very polite and obliging manner in which you are pleased to express your personal regard for me.
The manner in which you speak of M. de Ternant is highly honorable to him—and, from his talents, discretion, and proper views, united with the extensive information which he possesses, there is but little doubt of his rendering good services to both Countries.
Such is the state of your political affairs by our last accounts that further information must be received to enable us to form an opinion respecting them. But, in any event, the welfare of the french Nation cannot but be dear to this country; and that its

happiness may in the end be established on the most permanent and liberal foundation is the ardent wish of every true American, and of none more sincerely than of him who has the honor to be, with due consideration, Sir, Your most obedient Servant

G. Washington


Title: From George Washington to Henry Knox, 8 September 1791
From: Washington, George
To: Knox, Henry

My dear Sir.
Philadelphia September 8. 1791.

I have heard of the death of your promising Son with great concern, and sincerely condole with you and Mrs Knox on the melancholy occasion.
Parental feelings are too much alive in the moment of these misfortunes to admit the consolations of religion or philosophy; but I am persuaded reason will call one or both of them to your aid as soon as the keenness of your anguish is abated.
He that gave you know has a right to take away—his ways are wise—they are inscrutable, and irresistable. I am ever Your sincere and affectionate friend

G. Washington


Title: From George Washington to Frances Ramadge, 9 September 1791 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Ramadge, Frances

Letter not found: to Frances Ramadge, 9 Sept. 1791. The receiver’s copy of Ramadge’s letter of 22 Aug. to GW was docketed: “Ansd 9 Sept.”


Title: Tobias Lear to John Churchman, 10 September 1791
From: Lear, Tobias
To: Churchman, John

Sir,
Philadelphia Septr 10th 1791

I received your letter with its enclosure last evening, and agreeably to your request submitted them to the inspection of the President of the United States.
There has ⟨been⟩ no other letter for you passed through the Presidents hands, except the one which you mention to have received.
The manuscripts, pamphlets & Charts which accompany this, were received by the President some weeks ago, by a vessel from Hamburg—and as they treat of the subject of your Variation Chart &ca—I send them to you by the Presidents order—and wishing you such success in your pursuit as may render it useful to Mankind & beneficial to yourself—I am, with due respect Yr most Obedt Servt

Tobias Lear.


Title: From George Washington to Lafayette, 10 September 1791
From: Washington, George
To: Lafayette, Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de

Philadelphia September 10. 1791

The lively interest which I take in your welfare, my dear Sir, keeps my mind in constant anxiety for your personal safety amidst the scenes in which you are perpetually engaged. Your letter of the 6th of June by Monsieur de Ternant gave me that pleasure which I receive from all your letters, which tell me that you are well—But from the account you there gave it did not appear that you would be soon relieved from your arduous labours—and from the information we have received of an important event which has taken place since that time it does not appear likely that the clouds which have long obscured your political horizon will be soon dispersed. As yet we are in suspense as to what may have been the consequences of this event—and feeling, as we do in this country, a sincere regard for the french Nation, we are not a little anxious about them—Opinions we are not able to form here, therefore none can be given on the subject—But at any rate you may be assured, my dear Sir, that we do not view with indifference the happiness of so many millions.
I am glad of M. de Ternant’s appointment to this country; for I have a good opinion of his abilities, discretion, and proper views; and, as you observe, as he seems to belong to both Countries,

there is no doubt but this joined to the good information which he possesses of the relative and particular interests of both, will enable him to render as much service and be as acceptable to each as any man can be.
I shall next week set off for Mount Vernon with Mrs Washington and the Children, where I shall, if possible, enjoy a few weeks of retirement before the meeting of Congress in the last of October. Indeed my presence there (as it will not at this time interfere with my public duties) is necessary for my interest, as George, your old Aid, has for some time past been too much indisposed to pay attention to my concerns, and is now over the mountains for his health—the last account from him was favorable—he had received benefit from his journey—I sincerely wish, my dear Sir, that the affairs of your country were in such a train as would permit you to relax a little from the excessive fatigues to which you have of late been exposed—and I cannot help looking forward with an anxious wish, and a lively hope to the time when peace and tranquillity will reign in your borders, under the sanction of a respectable government founded on the broad basis of liberality and the rights of man—It must be so—the great Ruler of events will not permit the happiness of so many millions to be destroyed—and to his keeping I resign you, my dear Sir, with all that friendship, and affectionate attachment with which you know me to be yours &ca

G. Washington.


Title: From George Washington to La Luzerne, 10 September 1791
From: Washington, George
To: La Luzerne, Anne-César, chevalier de

Sir,
Philadelphia, September 10th 1791

In acknowledging the receipt of your letter of the 15 of May, which reached me but a few days ago, I cannot forbear to express the sensibility with which I receive those warm effusions of personal attachment and respectful remembrance which are contained in it. and at the same time I beg you will be assured that I reciprocate them with truth and sincerity.
As the happiness of the french Nation cannot be indifferent to the people of this country when we remember the aid which we received therefrom in an hour of distress, you will readily believe that we view with no small anxiety the troubles which, for some time past have agitated that kingdom—and the suspense in which we are held as to what may be the consequence of a late important event which has taken place there, deprives us, in some measure, of the full enjoyment of those feelings, which would naturally result from a reflection on the prosperous situation of the United States—But, however gloomy the face of things may at this time appear in France, yet we will not despair of seeing tranquillity again restored—and we cannot help looking forward with a lively wish to the period when order shall be established by a government respectfully energetic, and founded on the broad basis of liberality, and the rights of man, which will make millions happy, and place your nation in the rank which she ought to hold.
In a tour which I made last spring through the southern States I confirmed by observation the accounts which we had all along received of the happy effects of the general government upon our agriculture, commerce, and industry—The same effects pervade the middle and eastern States with the addition of vast progress in the most useful manufactures—The complete restoration of our public credit holds us up in a high light abroad—Thus it appears that the United States are making great progress towards national happiness, and if it is not attained here in as high a degree as human nature will admit of

its going—I think we may then conclude that political happiness is unattainable—But at the same time we wish it not to be confined to this Country alone—and, as it expands through the world, our enjoyments will expand with it—and that you may find it in your nation, and realize it yourself is the sincere prayer of Sir, Your most obedient, humble Servant

G. Washington.


Title: From George Washington to Edmund Randolph, 10 September 1791 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Randolph, Edmund

Letter not found: to Edmund Randolph, 10 Sept. 1791. Randolph wrote to GW on Monday, 12 Sept., of “your communication to me on Saturday last.”


Title: To George Washington from Tubeuf, 10 September 1791
From: Tubeuf, Pierre-François, sieur de
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Richmond [Va.] 10th September 1791.

One of the advantages which I expected from a letter which M. the Marqs de la Fayette has remitted to me, in which he has recommended me to you, was to present it with my own hands, and to lay before you the plan of an enterprize which I am just about to undertake on the bordes of Clinch. A passage of 85 days from Havre de Grace to this place, longer by half than what I had calculated upon, does not leave me a moment to dispose of, and presses me to hasten to my distination, which is distant from hence more than 300 miles, in order that I may arrive there in season, to prepare a shelter against the severity of winter for 35 persons, whom I have engaged to proceed with me to form the establishment. With this view, I have purchased, upon the borders of Clinch, in the County of Russell 55,000 Acres of land, at the rate of nine livres Tournois per Acre, of which I am at this moment going to settle 5000 Acres, by eight families of my relations & friends, consisting of 13 masters & 22 domesticks & workmen. If my first establishment succeeds, in proportion to the facility & encouragement which the government of Virginia gives us, the honor which we shall gain will induce many other french Emigrants, more considerable than those here, to follow, who propose to join us in the ensuing spring, and I am just now

going to dispose them to it. Deign, I beseech you, Sir, to favor my enterprize, guide me with your lights, and aid me with your Councils, by which I may render it useful & agreeable to the State. We carry with us all the means necessary to form our settlement.
I beg permission, Sir, to come myself to render you an account of it, and to put into your hands the letter of M. the Marqs de la Fayette, as soon as it is possible for me to leave, for a few days, my little Colony without inquietude & without inconvenience. I am, with the most profound Respect Sir, Your very humble & Obed. Serv.

de Tubeuf.


Title: From George Washington to Charles Carroll (of Carrollton), 11 September 1791
From: Washington, George
To: Carroll, Charles (of Carrollton)

Dear Sir,
Philadelphia September 11. 1791.

I have been duly favored with your letter of the 6th instant.
The indisposition and consequent (unexpected) absence of my Nephew from Mount Vernon, to whom my concerns there are entrusted, will oblige me to visit that estate before the meeting of Congress.
Thursday I propose to leave this city, and on Sunday afternoon expect to arrive in Baltimore—I shall come provided with 1172 ⅔ dollars for your use—but must again take the liberty of calling your attention to the Decree of the High Court of Chancery in Virginia—copy of which I transmitted to you in my last—By this decree you will perceive that the surrendry of Clifton’s bonds among which is one to Ignatius Digges “in the penalty of £1268.10.8 sterling, conditioned for the payment of £634.5/4 sterling and interest together with such counter-bonds as the Plaintiff entered into” &ca &ca is made a condition of the payments.
I do not know that Clifton’s bond to Mr Digges is of much consequence to any of the Parties—but, without the surrendry of these bonds, the Commissioners would not at the time—nor could not legally have paid the several sums they did, agreeably to the decree under which they acted—consequently, as I am now acting in the double capacity of Commissr and purchaser of the land, it behoves me to call in Clifton’s bond to Mr Digges, as was the case with the others, or to require an indemnification against it.
For the general purpose of security against any claim from the Representatives of Mr Carroll and Mr Digges, it was that I meant to ask your indemnification, if there should by any difficulty in obtaining a releasement of the mortgage, or surrendry of the papers, as required by the decree.
If you could make it convenient to be in Baltimore on Sunday afternoon, I am persuaded every thing could then, or early on

monday morning, be settled without difficulty, and to our mutual satisfaction, being well convinced that both of us mean to do what is right—I have mentioned Sunday afternoon because I shall leave Town early next morning. I do not intend to give Mrs Lee any trouble in this business. With very great regard and esteem, I am dear Sir, your most obedient, and affectionate, humble servant

G. Washington


Title: From George Washington to Gouverneur Morris, 12 September 1791
From: Washington, George
To: Morris, Gouverneur

Dear Sir,
Philadelphia September 12th 1791.

Your letter of the 27th of may with its enclosures came duly to hand.
During my absence on my late southern tour the proposals of Messrs Schweizer and Jeannerett, made their appearance here, as well through Mr Otto, Chargé des Affaires of France, to the Secretary of State, as through Mr Short, to the Secretary of the Treasury—In pursuance of certain arrangements, made previous to my departure, an answer was given—which answer was in substance that it did not appear to be for the interest of the United States to accept those proposals.
The reasons which have been assigned to me as having dictated this answer are as follow.
First, That the rate of interest to be stipulated in the new contract, as well upon the part of the debt which had not fallen due,

as upon that which had fallen due was 5 ⅌ cent. It was a question whether a contract stipulating such a rate of interest with regard to the first mentioned part of the debt was fairly within the meaning of that clause of the law which requires that the payment of it should be made upon “terms advantageous to the United States”, and while there was no reason to apprehend that it would be necessary to allow a higher interest than 5 ⅌ cent on any loans, which might be made to discharge the arrears of principal and interest, it did not appear expedient to forego the chance of a lower rate.
2nd The commission or premium of 5 ⅌ ct demanded in the proposals is one ⅌ ct more than is given upon the loans going on in Holland—This would amount to a loss of one ⅌ ct on the part, which the United States were bound immediately to pay; and in respect to that, which had not become due, would be an unnecessary sacrifice of 5 ⅌ cent.
3rd The immediate proposers are understood to be a House not of primary consequence themselves, and though they alledged, they did not prove, that they were supported by others who could be deemed Capitalists equal to the undertaking. From the difference of exchange between Holland and Paris they could afford sacrifices in the sale of the bonds of the United States; and if there was not great force of capital among those engaged in the undertaking, such sacrifices were to be expected—A great quantity of bonds, thrown suddenly onto the market, by persons, who were pressed to raise money from them could not but have effects the most injurious to the credit of the U.S.
4th Paris being the stipulated place of payment, if, from the state of exchange payments could be made there in gold and silver with a saving to the United States, there could be no good objection to profiting by the circumstance—but this advantage, and more, even to the full extent of the depreciation of the Assignats, would be transferred by the proposed bargain to the undertakers.
5th The single advantage which the proposals held out, of a prolonged period of reimbursement would be obtained of course by loans in the ordinary way—and as to the effect of the measure upon loans for the redemption of the domestic debt,

this would be good or bad according as the undertakers might or not have occasion to bring the bonds of the United States to market.
The foregoing reasons appeared to me to have so much weight that I saw no ground for directing any alteration in what was done.
It appears in their letter to you that the Gentlemen in question are willing to wave the claim of premium or commisssion on the part of the debt not yet due; but this obviates only one of the objections which have been stated.
You observe also that they had given you proofs that persons of the first fortune were connected with them in the business—They were deficient in not having given the like proof to Mr Short, whose enquiries had been directed to this object.
The observations you make concerning the views, which ought to govern the United States in their reimbursements to France are founded in propriety—You may conclude that no unequitable advantage will be taken; and it is hoped that the measures now in execution will be more conducive to the real interests of that country than would have been an acceptance of the proposals of Messrs S. & J., who, it is presumable, founded their speculation chiefly upon the idea of availing themselves of the full benefit resulting from the depreciation of the Assignats.
Thanking you for the communication you have made me on the subject, I assure you that I do justice to the motives which dictated it.
Your other letter of the 27. of May by Mr Ternant and that of the 8th of June from London, have both been received—I am much pleased that you drew the balance only from Welch and Son—The deficiency was paid to Wm Constable & Co. as soon as this circumstance was made known to Dear Sir, Your much obliged and most affecte hble Servt

G. Washington.


Title: To George Washington from Edmund Randolph, 12 September 1791
From: Randolph, Edmund
To: Washington, George

Sir
Philadelphia September 12. 1791.

If the Foederal laws were ever so precise in censuring the conduct, to which you alluded in your communication to me on Saturday last, I should doubt, whether the source of your information is not too delicate to become the groundwork of a public act. Courts would be very reluctant in extracting testimony from the mouth of an associate, and perhaps the character of government demands, that while it will not suffer any violator of law, how distinguished soever in rank, to escape with impunity, it should not too suddenly seize, what in an unguarded moment may have been dropped.
But the law itself is, I fear defective. The two first attempts, having been abortive, cannot be treated as consummated offences; and even the third has not yet been matured into a strictly legal crime. In what shape the last may finally appear, is still a secret; and for this reason only, if no other existed, the executive would probably forbear to act at present. Its issue is so uncertain, that I should find it difficult now to give an opinion, were it required, adjusted to the various combinations of possible events.
I beg leave, however, to lay before you the copy of a paper, which I prepared for the secretary of state, upon a subject, somewhat analogous to your inquiry. I have not thrown it into more form; because you expressed a wish, that the matter should not at this time be considered officially. When the secretary returned the paper to me, he said, that he was convinced, that nothing could be done, as the law now stands.
Copy.
The question is, whether any punishment can be inflicted on persons, treating with the Indian tribes, within the limits of the United States, for lands, lying within those limits; the preemption of which is vested in the United States?
The constitution is the basis of fœderal power.
This power, so far as the subject of Indians is concerned, relates
1. To the regulation of commerce with the Indian tribes.
2. To the exclusive right of making treaties.
3. To the right of preemption in lands.

1. Even if the act, supposed in the question, were really an infraction of the right to regulate commerce, there could be no penalty, unless the law prescribed it.
Accordingly a law of the second session enters into such a case, but only forfeits the merchandize carried into the Indian country. No other law affects it.
2. Without an existing law, no treaty, or compact made by an individual of our nation with the sovereign of another, and not partaking of a treasonable quality, is punishable.
It seems indeed to be an assumption of the sovereignty of the United States in this respect.
But the compact being in the name of an individual does virtually disclaim any assumption of public authority. If it be void, the United States cannot be deprived of their rights.
It may be indecent and impertinent for a citizen thus to behave. But where no law is, no crime is.
3. As to the right of preemption.
No man has a right to purchase my land from my tenant.
But if he does purchase, I cannot sue him on the supposition of damages, arising from the mere act of purchase.
Nor could the United States sue the purchaser of the right of preemption, since the purchase itself is void, and their interest cannot be prejudiced by any purchase, which an individual can make.
Far less would the purchaser be indictable.
But it undoubtedly is in the power of congress, to regulate commerce with the Indians in any manner to guard the right of making treaties, by forbidding the citizens to meddle under a penalty, and to provide a security to their preemption by passing adequate laws.
Until this shall be done, I conceive that this commerce is protected by no law, but the act abovementioned; that an interference in the article of treaties has no penalty, denounced against it; and that the fœderal property, like that of individuals, must depend upon existing laws.
It may perhaps be proper, if the testimony be strong, to warn all persons by proclamation, that the rights of government will be inforced; and possibly a monitory message to the Indians might have a good effect.

(signed) Edm: Randolph

I have the honor, sir to be, with due respect yr mo. ob. serv.

Edm: Randolph


Title: From George Washington to Anthony Wayne, 12 September 1791
From: Washington, George
To: Wayne, Anthony

Dear Sir,
Philadelphia, September 12th 1791

Your letter of yesterday was presented to me this day—but at a time when I was in conversation with a Gentleman on business.
I embrace the first moment of leisure to acknowledge the receipt of it, and to add assurances of my belief that the account given by Mr Sheuber of his leaving the british service, and bringing letters to me whilst my quarters were at Rocky Hill is true.
I have some recollection of the circumstance, but not enough to give a formal certificate to the fact.
The variety of occurrences, which, in those days, almost overwhelmed me—The time which has elapsed since—and an unwillingness to certify things that I am not positively sure of are my reasons for not complying with Mr Sheuber’s request in a

formal way; but if the sentiments, herein expressed, can be of service to him, I have no objection to his making use of them as coming from Dear Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant

G. Washington


Title: From George Washington to George Clinton, 14 September 1791
From: Washington, George
To: Clinton, George

Sir
[Philadelphia] Sepr 14th [1791]

Your letter of the 7th instant, with its inclosure, did not reach me ’till yesterday.
The intelligence, it communicates, is of a nature both serious and important. Indeed, the step it announces, as about to be taken by the British, would be one so extraordinary in every view, as to justify a question, whether the indications, which are alleged to have been given, have not rather proceeded from some indiscreet levity on the part of the officers alluded to, than

from any real design of doing what appears to have been threatened. A little time however will explain the true state of the matter.
Your Excellency need not I am persuaded be assured that, in connection with the more general considerations which are involved in the circumstance, I feel a due concern for any injury, inconvenience or dissatisfaction which may have arisen or may arise, in respect to the state of New York, or any part of its Inhabitants, in consequence of the detention of the posts, or the interferences, which may have grown out of it. Nor has the matter failed to receive from me the degree of attention to which it is intitled. Yet in a point of such vast magnitude as that of the preservation of the peace of the Union—particularly in this still very early stage of our affairs, and at a period so little remote from a most exhausting and affecting, though successful war, the public welfare and safety evidently enjoin a conduct of circumspection, moderation and forbearance. And it is relied upon that the known good sense of the community ensures its approbation of such a conduct.
There are however bounds to the spirit of forbearance which ought not to be exceeded. Events may occur which may demand a departure from it. But if extremities are at any time to ensue, it is of the utmost consequence that they should be the result of a deliberate plan—not of an accidental or hasty collision; and that they should appear both at home and abroad to have flowed either from a necessity which left no alternative, or from a combination of advantageous circumstances which left no doubt of the expediency of hazarding them.
Under the impression of this opinion, and supposing that the event which is apprehended should be realised, it is my desire, that no hostile measure be in the first instance attempted.
With a view nevertheless to such ultimate proceedings as the nature of the case may require, and that upon the ground of well authenticated facts, I have concluded to send a Gentleman to the spot—who will be charged to ascertain and report to me whatever may take place; and with as much precision together with the general situation of the part of the Country immediately affected by the vicinity of the British Posts. An additional motive to this measure is the desire of obtaining information in reference to the establishment of the Custom House in the State of

Vermont; which is also connected with the position of those posts &c. I have the honor to be with due consideration & respt Your Excellys most Obedt Sert

G.W.


Title: From George Washington to Alexander Hamilton, 16 September 1791
From: Washington, George
To: Hamilton, Alexander

Dr Sir,
Head of Elk [Md.] 16th Septr 1791.

Whilst I was in Wilmington waiting breakfast to day, I made the best enquiry time & circumstances would permit, for some fit character to fill the office lately held by Doctr Latimer. Several persons were mentioned, but the weight of information was in favor of one Andrew Barratt. He was spoken of by Mr Vining as a man of respectable character, of decision and temper. He now is, or lately has been high Sheriff of the county of Kent; & no man, it is said, could have discharged the duties of that Office better. Mr Bedford, though he had another person in view, (Majr Jacquet), accords in this opinion of Barratt. Doctor Latimer, whom I afterwards called upon, at New Port, for the purpose of enquiry, also speaks well of Barratt. He did indeed, before I mentioned the name of Barratt to him, say that he thought Majr Patten of Dover the best person that readily occurred to him for this office, but yielded a ready assent to the qualifications of Barratt. None knows whether he would, or would not accept the appointment. Among other things, urged in his favor by Mr Vining, are his living near the centre of the State—amidst the Stills, and where the most discontent is said to be. To Mr Chew of Philada Mr Vining particularly appeals for the character of Mr Barratt.
If his testimony is in favor of this character, I think it will be an eligible appointment. A blank Commission, signed, has been left with Mr Lear for the Supervisor of the Delaware District.

With much esteem & regard I am Dear Sir, Your mo: obt Servant

G: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Hamilton, 16 September 1791
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Philada 16th Septr 1791.

I have the honor to enclose the copy of a letter from Mr Brown of Kentucke, to Genl Irvine, giving an account of some interesting particulars in the Western Country. Part of the letter, I have understood, has been forwarded to you, but not the whole. Genl Irvine is of opinion that the waters will be still so far practicable as to permit the progress of the Troops under Genl Butler; by the expedient of dragging the Boats in the shallowest places. With perfect respect &a &a

A: Hamilton


Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 16 September 1791
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

Sir
War office [Philadelphia] Septr 16 1791

General Irwin has received a letter from Mr Brown of Kentuckey, via Richmond which renders General Wilkinsons success

and return indisputable. The following is the extract “Danville 22d Augt 1791. An express from Genl Wilkinson has this moment reached this place informing of his success. He has destroyed a large indian Town, situated on the forks of the Wabash, also a kickapoo Town containing about 30 houses, and has killed and taken 42 of the enemy. His loss 2 men killed and one wounded. I have not as yet heard where the express left him, but expect he has recrossed the Ohio before this time.”
As it may be proper on receiving the official information to tender your thanks to Genl Wilkinson, and Corps, in the same manner as to Genl Scott, I shall take the liberty of doing it, unless you should please to direct otherwise.
Yesterday afternoon I received a letter from Genl St Clair of the 8th of August referring to one of the 3d of the same month by Capt. Mills which I have not yet received.
He complains that neither Genl Butler or the quarter Master had joined him, although it would seem that a Great part of his forces had.
He also complains that the contractors Agent had not at that period authority to procure the horses to transport the provisions, and that he had directed a former order of his own for the purchase of 800 horses to be carried into execution.
He mentions that upon reconsideration he shall take tents; That he shall not be able to move forward with the whole army until 1st Sept. but that he should move with the troops he had, the next day about 6 miles in advance, and there wait for Genl Butler. I have the honor to be with perfect respect Your Most Obedient Servant

H. Knox


Title: To George Washington from Samuel Wall, 16 September 1791
From: Wall, Samuel
To: Washington, George

Sir
Newport [R.I.] 16 Sept. 1791

I have this Inst, learn’d the Unwelcome & Melancholy tidings from the Cape where I have liv’d near nine Years. My Acquaintance is general & intimate with not only the Citizens of that Town but throughout the Island therefore I need but say, to be believed that I feel the most sensible distress for their Shocking Situation—I am told an Express has arriv’d to you, praying your Assistance —which none ever ask’d in Vain. As the people of that Island possess my Affections, I am willing to share in Common with them their danger & offer my Services in any Capacity you may be pleas’d to place me without a wish of any pecuniary reward—I have serv’d this, my Country, both by Land & Sea in respectable Stations—I am personally Known to Mr Lear your Secretary who has been at my House in the Cape I am perfectly Acquainted with all the landing places about the Cape, the People their Manners & Language which leads me to believe I cou’d be of Service—should you be Convinced of this, I beg Sir you’l Command me by a Line direct’d to me at York to Care Henry Bowers Esqr. or to Providence to myself, & say, how I shall proceed be pleas’d to pardon the incorrectness of this Scrawl as ’twas wrote in a hurry the Packet being on the Point of sailing. I am respectfully Sir Your Most Obt & Very Humble Servant

S. Wall


Title: To George Washington from Tobias Lear, 18–19 September 1791
From: Lear, Tobias
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Philadelphia September 18[–19]th 1791.

The Instructions, and other papers relating thereto, I returned to General Knox on Thursday forenoon. And immediately on my return home, after accompanying you out of town, I secured your room in a manner agreeable to your wishes, and took the key into my possession; so that before I had the pleasure of receiving Mr Dandridge’s letter from Chester, the directions contained in it had been executed.
Colo. Hamilton called upon me on friday morning and shewed me letters from the Honle Edd Rutledge & General Pinckney on the subject of an Inspector for Survey No. 2 in So. Carolina, in place of John Cogdell who had resigned. These letters mention, that a Mr Benjn Cudworth had been employed in that Survey, by the Supervisor, since Mr Cogdell’s resignation, and that he had given him hopes of obtaining the place. Under these circumstances these Gentlemen thought it would be best to appoint Cudworth to the office; tho’ they acknowledged, that if he had not been employed & received assurances, they should not have brought him forward; but they thought it would be proper to employ him now, as otherwise, (being considered as rather a factious character) he might throw obsticles in the way of executing the law. Holding the office he wou’d feel himself interested in the support of the system which gave it him, and would undoubtedly exercise his influence (which is said to be considerable in that quarter) to good effect. A Commission was accordingly filled with his name and delivered to Colo. Hamilton. Colo. Hamilton, at the same time, observed, that a Mr Brown had been mentioned to him as a proper person to succeed Mr Cogdell in the Collectorship of George Town; but he wished to get further information of his Character from some

gentlemen belonging to Carolina before the appointment is made.
The Commission for the person who may be appointed Attorney for the Virginia District, has been delivered to the Attorney General agreeable to your direction.
There have been no arrivals from Europe since you left the City; but it is said there are several vessels in the River, among which is one or more from Europe. If so, they will probably be up in the course of the day, and in case they bring any later intelligence than we have received I will obtain it, if possible, before the mail closes in the morning, and transmit it with this letter.
We are much pleased that the weather has been so remarkably fine since you left us, and are in hopes that you will have had an agreeable Journey. Major Jackson is getting better and desires to be presented in terms of respect. The rest of the family are well. Mrs Lear unites with me in a respectful & affectionate remembrance to Mrs Washington & yourself—love to the Children & best wishes to all friends. I have the honor to be, with the greatest respect & attachment Sir, Your obliged & obedt Servt

Tobias Lear.

Monday Morng Sept. 19th The Vessels which were said to be in the River have not got up.


Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 19 September 1791
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

Sir
War office [Philadelphia] 19th Septr 1791

I have the honor to transmit a copy of a letter from Major Genl St Clair dated at Danville in Kentucky on the 23d ultimo, which is confirmative of Genl Wilkinsons success.
I have not yet received Genl St Clairs prior letters of the 8th of August and the one from Lexington. I should presume his business at Kentucky was to make up what he might have deemed a deficiency of numbers.
Major Doughty was sent for by express, and he has arrived here, and will immediately set off for Lake Champlain. I have the honor to be sir with perfect respect Your humble Servant

H. Knox


Title: To George Washington from Louis XVI, 19 September 1791
From: Louis XVI (of France)
To: Washington, George

[Paris, 19 September 1791]

Translation of the King of France’s letter of Sep. 19. 1791 to the President.
Very dear, great friends & allies. We make it our duty to inform you that we have accepted the Constitution which has been presented to us in the name of the nation, & according to which France will be henceforth governed. We do not doubt that you take an interest in an event so important to our kingdom & to us; & it is with real pleasure we take this occasion to renew to you assurances of the sincere friendship we bear you. Whereupon we pray god to have you, very dear, great friends & allies in his just & holy keeping. Written at Paris the 19th of September 1791. Your good friend & ally

LouisMontmorin.


Title: To George Washington from Charles Pinckney, 20 September 1791
From: Pinckney, Charles
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
September 20: 179⟨1⟩ In Charleston [S.C.]

I had the honour to write you lately by the Delaware since which an occasion makes it necessary for me to address you again, on the subject of the inclosed application to me from the general Assembly of St Domingo—By these inclosures you will percieve the wretched & distressed situation in which these unhappy people are & I am afraid if not checked in time it is a flame which will extend to all the neighbouring islands, & may eventually prove not a very pleasing or agreeable example to the Southern States—I have considered it in some measure my duty to transmit this application with my answer, which was the only one my situation would permit—I believe it has been in the power of M: Polony to procure some shipments of Grain here, & every assistance which can be afforded by individuals no doubt will chearfully be given—taking it for granted you have been particularly informed of their situation it is unnecessary for me to repeat it. The detail of the almost indiscriminate Slaughter of all the whites who had fallen into their hands—The conflagration of the largest & most valuable Sugar Estates on the Island—The general destruction of property, & a probable famine are particularly unpleasant to us who live in Countries where Slaves abound. No doubt some application has been made to you—but unless it may be in the articles of arms & provisions I do not see what assistance can be given them by Congress—besides, there is a difficulty arises in my mind which I will take the liberty of stating & which even if we had the means & authority in this State would make me very cautious how I acted—it is this, that there is at present not an Union of Sentiment in the french Empire & although we all wish well to the efforts of the patriotic

party & hope that their exertions will terminate in the establishment of a free & judicious system, yet it is impossible to say at present what may be the consequence, or whether they may be obliged before it is settled to proceed to hostilities—In any event, it must be the policy of this country to appear to favour no particular party or opinion—Our connection is with France, under whatever Government they may establish nor would we wish to risque offending them unnecessarily, for I have always been of opinion that our connection with her has never yet been throughly understood or improved to those useful purposes it might—in this situation I am therefor⟨e⟩ rather pleased than otherwise, that I have been officially obliged to give the kind of answer, which if I had possessed a competent authority to have interfered, I should certainly have been inclined to—I shall ever be pleased to hear of Your welfare & to assure you that I am with the highest Esteem & Respect Dear Sir Yours Truly

Charles Pinckney


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Lee Shippen, 20 September 1791
From: Shippen, Thomas Lee
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Philadelphia September 20. 1791.

This will be presented to you by Mr Jorre a gentleman of France who comes last from Ireland. He brought me some very warm letters of recommendation from Ireland, and particularly from the celebrated Mr Grattan, who requests it of me as a very particular favor that I would introduce him to you. Your absence from Philadelphia leaves me no other way but this, of complying with Mr Grattan’s wishes, and I am sure you will forgive me for taking the liberty of introducing to you a French man who has made sacrifices in the cause of Liberty, and who comes to this Country so powerfully recommended. My correspondents speak of Mr Jorre as a gentleman of approved talents, integrity, and character, and extremely well acquainted with several of the modern languages and pledge themselves for his faithful performance of whatever he undertakes.
I mention this to you Sir, as matter of information, in case he should make any application to you which might lead you to make enquiries about him.
I pray you Sir to remember me very affectionately and Mrs Shippen likewise to Mrs Washington and to believe me when I in truth assure you, that no one respects you more highly, or is more truly sensible of his obligations to you, than Sir, your most devoted and obedient servant

Thos Lee Shippen


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Hamilton, 22 September 1791
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Philadelphia 22d Septr 1791.

I have received a letter from the Minister of France, of which the inclosed is a copy. Having full authority from you in relation to payments to France, & there being funds out of which that which will constitute the succour: requested may with propriety be made; and being fully persuaded that in so urgent & calamitous a case, you will be pleased with a ready acquiescence in what is desired. I have not hesitated to answer the Minister that the sum he asks is at his command. With the most perfect respect and truest attachment, I have the honor to be Sir, Your Most Obedient & Most Hble Servant

A: Hamilton


Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 22 September 1791
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

Sir,
War Department [Philadelphia] 22d September 1791.

The Minister of France has written me a Letter of which the enclosed is a copy—As this crisis of affairs is of the highest importance to the essential interests of France; and as it appears a singular opportunity for the United States, to manifest their zeal to repay in some degree the assistance afforded us during the perilous struggles of the late war, I have assured him of every aid in my department, which shall be authorized by you—Accordingly I have instantly dispatched an Express, to receive your orders on the occasion.
The articles which are requested are in readiness, and may be spared from the Arsenal of West-Point, without any detriment to the public service—excepting the Cartridge-boxes which are much damaged, but which however might answer in this exigency.
In order therefore to save time, I have also dispatched a person to West Point to have the Arms and stores prepared for sea transportation, and forwarded to New York—but to wait your orders for the final delivery.
As the aid requested is for the exigent service of a nation, with which the United States are in close alliance, and from which they received the most eminent support during the late war, and being for the purpose of quelling an internal rebellion, no foreign nation can take umbrage at the measure; as it can be afforded without impediment or injury to the public service, and as all the stores in the Arsenals are under your direction as President of the United States and Commander in Chief, I feel but little hesitation in submitting as my opinion, that the circumstances of the case render it highly proper to afford the supples requested, and that your authority is competent to the occasion. I am Sir, With the highest respect Your most Obedient huml. servant

H. Knoxsecy of War


Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 22 September 1791
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

Sir
War Department [Philadelphia] 22d September 1791.

I have the honor to submit a Copy of a Letter from General Wilkinson to General St Clair, containing the particulars of the expedition against L’Anguille—The result being thirty prisoners—the destruction of the villages, and the consternation arising, from the demonstration of their being within our reach, must all tend to the great object the establishment of peace.
I have also the honor to enclose the copy of a private letter shewing the desire of General Wilkinson, to enter into the military service of the United States—and also the Letter of the Board in Kentucky.
I have received a Letter from General Butler, dated on the 5th at Muskingum, in which he says, “that the water having risen three feet, will ensure them a passage to Fort Washington, by the 10th or 12⟨th⟩ at furthest, and that all the troops precede him.” I have the honor to be Sir, With the highest Respect, Your most Obedt hume servant

H. Knox


Title: To George Washington from Hugh O’Connor, 22 September 1791
From: O’Connor, Hugh
To: Washington, George

Please your Excellency,
Philedelphia Septr 22nd 1791

I hope youll Excuse the liberty I take in addressing you. I am a Native of Ireland and a Bror of mine Councellor John oConnor wrote to me last year a most flattering letter to come to America with my family. at the same time he Inclosed me a Contract he made with Coll Wm Deakeins Junr for 40000 Acres of his Lands Situate from 15 to 25 Miles from the head Navigation of the Patowmack River in Consequence of this Contract a friend of mine mr Charles oConnor and I: got upwards of thirty Gentlemen of Fortune some of which are the first Merchants in Dublin and the Cashier of the Bank of Waterford who all agreed for the purchase of the above tract of Lands provided they answered the Description set forth by mr Deakeins in his Contract, they Commissioned a mr Charles mcDermott and me to come out to regulate all preliminaries relative to this purchase. but my being obliged to waite to Dispose of my Lands in Ireland and having along family Consisting of a wife and seven Children wee could not be together. but on my Arrival here I was Informed that mr mcDermott Waited on mr Deakeins and his Answer was that he had no ground this Side of the Alleagany mountains. on which mr mcDermott went to Ireland before I arrived here without purchaseing any ground. however I have as much power as he had. if I could get a tract of land in any of the three States this Maryland or Virginia in a good Country Convenient to A Navigable River and Commercial Town I would purchase it and go to Ireland and leave my family here and I would bring out this Collony. I have been the principle Sufferer by mr Deakeins not abiding by his Contract, for my Voyage Cost me upwards of £200. and I was so provoked at the Disopointmt that I would return, but some friends of mine prevailed on me to

Waite some time and Endeavour to make out a Clear plantation for myself. but I am quite at a loss for any friend that would find me Such a tract as I want. but from your great and Humane Character I take this liberty of Informing you of my Situation and hope you will honor me with an Answer directed for me to mr Cary the printer here—I am with great respect your Excellency’s most obedt Humble Servant

Hugh OConnor


Title: To George Washington from John Jay, 23 September 1791
From: Jay, John
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
New York 23d Septr 1791

My first Idea was to have made a Sketch of what, in my opinion would be proper on the occasion; but finding in the Progress of it, that my Information relative to the actual State of Affairs was not sufficiently particular, and in several Respects defective, it became necessary to confine myself to general Remarks.
How far the fiscal arrangements require amendments or additions, can best be ascertained by the Secretary. I recollect one Case which should be provided for vizt where Bribes are offered to Revenue Officers. It will rarely happen that the offer of a Bribe can be proved except by the man to whom it is offered; and if he be disqualified (by being interested in the Penalty) from giving Testimony, the offender must be acquitted. Auxiliary Provisions may in the Execution of other Parts of these Statutes have been found wanting—This merits Inquiry. If amendments are contemplated, it may be proper to observe that as all new Institutions are liable to Defects which Experience only can discover, it may be useful to consider whether the Revenue Laws require any amendments to render them more competent to their Objects.
Whether it is intended to bring forward any and what Plans for additional Supplies, I know not—if it is, some general Ideas leading the Attention that way might be expedient—if not—perhaps it would be well to observe, that the existing Revenues being equal to the ordinary Exigencies of the nation, it will not be necessary to encrease them for any other Purpose than that of reducing the public Debt—this Idea I think should be constantly held up.
If there should this Year be a Surplus of Revenue, the whole or part of which could be spared from domestic Objects; might it not be best to apply it towards discharging the french Debt; and to introduce the Recommendation by some Observations like these? vizt That the friendly Interposition & aids of the King and People of France had been highly conducive to the Establishmt of our Liberty & Independence; and therefore that they might with great Propriety expect from the U.S. every mark of

Attention which their and our circumstances might render eligible—that the cause of Liberty & good Governmt was the cause of all Mankind, and that the Exertions of the Citizens of France to introduce and establish those Blessings not only merited general approbation, but were particularly entitled to our best wishes for their Success—that the U.S. could not better evince this friendly Disposition than by applying part of their Revenues towards paying the Debt due to France, at a Season when from the Derangements incident to Revolution it could not fail of being both acceptable and useful.
Indian Affairs afford another Topic—but on this Subject my Information is too limited to enable me to see things as they probably are—but be they as they may—it might answer a good Purpose occasionally to hint at the Justice and Policy of treating those Nations with Benevolence and constant Regard to good Faith.
If circumstances of Importance should make it proper to say any thing of the Territories under the immediate Governmt of the U.S. it would afford an Opportunity of recommending the Encouragemt of Schools, and the Policy of assisting the Settlers in making such Highways as might open and facilitate communications with the adjacent States.
As to foreign Affairs, I am inclined to think that at present little, if any thing should be said about them; unless some matters very interesting to the U.S. should have occurred. It is said that a minister from England may be expected—he may or he may not come. The Disposition of that court towards us, cannot yet I believe be unequivocally ascertained. to be silent, and thereby to avoid either courting or irritating them, appears to me adviseable in the present moment.
The judicial System undoubtedly calls for Revision—but I rather think it will be better to include it generally among those other of the Subjects heretofore recommended which it may be necessary again to mention, than to make any pointed Remarks respecting it.
To convey necessary Information, and to suggest useful Hints on the one Hand; and on the other so to do both as to cause as few Questions or Divisions as possible in framing the Addresses in answer, seems to be all that is requisite.
All things have their order. All that ought to be done cannot

be done at once—Those therefore of the greatest present Importance should take the Lead, and the Rest be reserved for future Sessions.
As to public and private communications—it strikes me that the former should contain only important & public Information, and in generals; and that Details, as well as Intelligence of a more secret nature, or of lesser Importance should be conveyed by Message.
The Census is a Subject about which much might, but little need be said, the observations pertinent to it being obvious—I think that something should be said generally & cautiously (in the way of Information) of the Proceedings in the Business of the fœderal District; and if necessary, Details may be communicated by Message.
Thus my dear Sir: I have committed to paper what passed in my mind relative to these Subjects, with that Freedom which your Friendship invites; and without that caution & Reserve which a Sense of your Judgment Experience & Discretion tends naturally to create.
I regret the circumstance which called you to Mount Vernon, & hope the Recovery of your Nephew has relieved You from all anxieties on that a⟨cct⟩ I can perceive no Reasons which ought to restrain You from frequent Visits to it during the Recess of Congress—it would conduce to your Health, and so far to the public Good—besides, the Distance is not so great but that in the ordinary Course of things your Presence at Ph[iladelphi]a might at convenient Intervals be spared; for should any thing extraordinary occur, you might very soon be advised of it, and if necessary return.
Be pleased to present my respectful Compliments to your Lady, and believe me to be with perfect Respect Esteem & Attachment Dear Sir Your obliged and obedt Servt

John Jay


Title: From George Washington to Tobias Lear, 23 September 1791
From: Washington, George
To: Lear, Tobias

No. 28.
Dear Sir,MOUNT VERNON, Septr. 23d. 1791.  Your letter of the 18th. with the Gazettes came duly to hand, and I wish you to forward the latter (such as were sent last) by Wednesday’s and Friday’s Post; in which case they will arrive in Alexandria, on Mondays and Fridays when I shall have a messenger at the Post-Office in readiness to receive them. Accompany the papers with occurrencies worthy of communication, if any there be uncontained in them.
Let Mr. Page know that it shall depend upon his carriage’s being at George Town by Noon, on Tuesday the 18th. of Octr. that I may be able to proceed Philadelphia-wards the same day. Mrs. Washington, the children and the servants, will be there in readiness for that purpose.
Favored with fine weather we had a pleasant Journey home, and arrived safe on Tuesday last. Mrs Stuart and her family were all here and well, and join us in best wishes to you Mrs. Lear & Major Jackson. Sincerely & affectionately, I am Yrs.
P.S. Christopher and the Black Smith got home before us. The latter is trying his hand at some Mill work for Evans, but I have had no apportunity yet of deciding upon his skill.
Pray measure the height of the walls of the house you are in, from the Cornice at the shingling of the roof to the pavement, and give it to me in the first letter you may write to me after the rect. of this.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Hartley, 24 September 1791
From: Hartley, Thomas
To: Washington, George

Sir
York Town Pennsylvania Septr 24th 1791

I considered myself as highly honoured by your favour of the 25th ult. and have taken all the pains in my power to give you the satisfaction you wish for.
Being soon oblidged to leave home for several weeks, I am somewhat pressed in time, but thought proper to write you the result of my Enquiries and Observations at this period, as I am sure you will be ready to make allowance for time and other circumstances.
I cannot boast of Elegance of Style, but shall study to give you my ideas, founded as well, upon the Information I have received from others, as my own Experience and if any of my communications prove acceptable or usefull to you, I shall esteem myself highly regarded.
You were pleased to direct my Enquiries cheifly towards York and Franklin Counties in this State; I have accordingly done so, and beg leave in order to be better understood in my answers to divide York County into three districts, and call Franklin County the fourth district.
1st District. York Valley beginning at the Susquehana at Wright[s] Ferry and running thro York County including York Town, McAlisters Town (alias Hanover) and Petersburg (alias Littlestown) to the Maryland Line near the latter Place. In length about 39 Miles in breadth from three to four Miles.
2d Dist: The Lands lying on the right of that Valley adjoining the same and bounded by the River Susquehanna, the South Mountain and the Maryland Line.
3d Dist. The Barrens of York including the Lands, on the South of York Valley to the Maryland Line.

4th Dist. Franklin County
Answer to Query the 1st.
The Fee Simple price of farming Lands in the first District may be averaged at six pounds and fifteen Shillings the Acre[.] Dollars at seven shillings and six pence.
York Town lies 56 miles from Baltimore 45. from Rock Run 55. from Christiana Bridge and 89 Miles from the Philadelphia Market.
McAlisters Town is 18 Miles from York and 15 from Baltimore—Petersburg is 7 Miles from McAlisters and 48 from Baltimore.
The Soil of this Valley is of the Limestone kind and is rather of a Rich Quality; when fresh it is generally covered with a black Mould; Some spots however are inclined to Gravel or Slate from the Intrusion of a few small Hills. The proportion of Meadow Ground to Arable Land may be as one to twelve: more than one half of the Arable Land is generally in Grass for pasture sown every third Year with red clover or timothy Seed.
The Settlements have been so rapid in this District since the Year 1740 and the plantations are so close as not to leave more than a fourth of wood—The farms appear nearly all accommodated with running Springs. The inhabitants are mostly industrious and carefull. They are advancing by a steady pace and do not seem inclined to make many innovations upon the antient practice of Agriculture. Indeed they are already strong in property; their Buildings Stock and Cattle all shew it. The timber, Locust, Wallnut, Wild-cherry, Hickory, Black Oak White Oak &c.
In the second District the Fee Simple price of farming Land may be averaged at three pounds & ten shillings the Acre. The soil is generally of a reddish Colour and somtimes Mixt with Sand; we call it sand stone Land through the greater Part of the District. The State of Agriculture there is not so flourishing as in the first District; tho the Country is thickly Settled, and you find plantations among the highest hills. The proportion of Meadow to arable Land may be somewhat greater than in the first District. The Lands in many places naturally inclined to Grass; the Farmers here are not so careful of sowing grass seed in the fields as those in the first District. Timber Walnut, Black Oak White Oak Poplar Chesnut &c.
3d District. This District is in general badly timbered and the

soil poor of the Gravelly or Slate kind and of a redish cast, often mixt with sand; Notwithstanding these disadvantages more than half the Barrens is under Cultivation. The wood composed of dwarf White Oak Chesnut &c. The price pr acre may be estimated at thirty five shillings. What is a little remarkable, the Inhabitants of this District have paid their taxes with more punctuality than most other parts of the state. Meadow Land as to arable may be as one to fifteen. Pasture Grounds little attended to.
Before I proceed to Franklin I would observe that The Great south Mountain (or blue ridge as it is called in Virginia) divides York from Franklin County, and is from 7 to 10 Miles in Breadth; a very small proportion of it can be cultivated.
4th Dist. Franklin is a compact County including Cumberland Valley between the south and north Mountains for upwards of twenty five Miles, and part of the rich Settlement of Conecochegue and Antitem: few Situations in America can claim a superior Soil. It is nearly all Limestone Land. The Quantity of Meadow as to Arable Land may be counted in the same proportion as in the first district of York County: about one half of the improveable Land is cleared. The residue abounds in the largest Locust Walnut, Hickory and Oaks.
The County Town is Chambersburg distant 80 miles from Baltimore 90 miles from George Town and 24 miles from Potowmac River at Williamsport. Green Castle is a handsome Village situated 11 miles from Chambersburg nearer the Potowmac on the road to Williamsport and 75 from Baltimore and 79 from George Town. In several of the settlements lands bear a high price but when I came to average for the County I estimate the acre at four pounds.
ANSW. to Quer. 2d. Where you rent for Money you will seldom obtain More than four prCent Interest upon your purchase Money[.] The safest and most common mode is I beleive to lease on the Shares[.] Where the lands are good the Lessor furnishes the one half of the seed Grain and obtains from the tenant one half of the produce of the Grain & Emblements—The Grain delivered in the Bushel, Hay &c. on the Farm. By this way of leasing we may have full six per Cent for the purchase Money or Value of the Lands. Plantations of inferior Quality are leased on the thirds, that is, the Lessor funds a third of the Seed (or Sometimes None) and obtains one third of the produce of Grain Hay &c.

Lands formerly were purchased and payment was to be made by instalments without Interest and the sums so Moderate that an industrious man could discharge them in the Course of ten Years few would lease when they might purchase so cheaply. The vast Quantity of back Lands induce a number to prefer actual purchase in a precarious Situation to leasing in the old Settlements. However the Descendants of the Germans are not as adventurous as some of their Neighbours[.] They seem attached to peaceable habitations and make the best tenants, real property with us seems to obtain a more fixed Value and cannot be had without an adequate price.
Answr to Quere 3d.

            Yeild to the Acre calculated by the Bushel

            Wheat
            Rye
            Barly
            Speltz
            Oats
            IndianCorn
            Buckwheat
            Potatoes
            Turnips

            1st District
            15
            20
            25
            35
            30
            25
            25
            75
            150

            2d Dist.
            12
            17
            20
            25
            25
            25
            20
            70
            130

            3d Dist.
            10
            12
            15
            20
            20
            15
            15
            60
             75

            4th Dist.
            15
            20
            25
            35
            30
            25
            25
            75
            150

Beans and Peas are not raised in any great Quantity, but the soil is in general not unfavourable to their Culture.
In the first District they cheifly propogate Blue Grass and Clover and the same may be said of part of Franklin County in the residue of the District they depend on timothy Meadows. The former will yeild one Ton and a half to the Acre the latter two Tons—The Blue Grass and Clover have a second Crop which goes to about two thirds of the first.
The Lucern Grass, I should incline to think would do well here chusing favourable Situations, but I imagine it has not been sufficiently regarded. Some English Grasses brought over by the first Settlers, also, suit the soil.
Much hemp might be raised in these Counties were there proper encouragement; the foreign Hemp gluts the Markets and there is not a sufficient protecting Duty to Spur the farmer to raise this usefull article.
The hemp lands would average Seven hundred weight to the Acre (that is what is called broken hemp) Hackled flax may be calculated at 100 wt to the Acre.

I have endeavoured to average the productions and beleive I am rather under than over the true Quantity. In the fresh Lands or where they are Moderately manured, we may safely add one fouth more than I have p[u]t down; With European husbandry much would doubtless be effected, yet there are a few instances at York & Lancaster where between forty & fifty Bushels of Wheat have been raised to the Acre. Barley yeilds greatly in the fresh or manured Lands; but sufficient encouragement has not been given to raise it; The market for this Grain has been very fluctuating and Wheat has been sown its place.
I estimated Potatoes perhaps too low for when there is only a reasonable care used we may speak of upwards of an hundred Bushels to the Acre but they are frequently carlessly planted and not sufficiently attended to. I have known less than one Acre produce upwards of four hundred Bushels.
Answ. to Que. 4th.
The towns I have mentioned in York and Franklin Counties carry on considerable trade and purchase the produce of the Country but much the greater part of the Wheat and flower is transported to the Baltimore Market by the farmer.
Upon a review of Six years past (exclusive of the year 1790) I estimate the prices at the Towns in the Counties as follows

            York County
            Franklin County

            pr Bushe.
            pr lb.
            pr Ton
            pr Bushe.
            pr lb.
            pr Ton

            Wheat
            6s

            5/

            Rye
            3/6

            3/

            Barly
            4/

            3/6

            Oats
            2/

            2/

            Buckwheat
            2/6

            2/3

            Indian Corn
            3/

            2/9

            Speltz
            2/6

            2/

            Potatoes
            2/

            1/10⟨y⟩

            Turnips
            1/

            9d

            Hay

            £3.

            £2.5.0

            Hackled Flax

            1/

            1/

            Hemp

             5d

             5d.

I have estimated the prices at the Country Market, you may allow a deduction of 4d the Bushel between the farm and the Market, the difference as to flax and hemp will be very small. The expence of Hauling Hay depends on the distance. You may have a waggon & 4 horses for a day in the Winter at 15/.
Answr 5 th.

            York CountyPrices£.S.D
            Franklin CountyPrices£.S.D.

            Working Horse
            20.0 .0
            17.10.

            Pair Working Oxen
            17.0 .0
            1.

            Milch Cow
            4 10.
            4. 5.

            Sheep
            .12.6
            .10.

            Hog
            1.10
            1.10.

            Turkey
            . 2.6
            . 2.6

            Goose
            . 2.6
            . 2.

            Duck
            . 1.
            .  .9

            Dunghill fowl
            .  .6
            .  .6

Answr the 6th.

            York CountyPrices Per Lb.D.
            Franklin CountyPrices pr LbD.

            Pork
            3¼
            3

            Beef
            3
            2

            Mutton
            4
            3½

            Veal
            3d
            2½

            Butter
            8
            8

            New Cheese
            6
            6

Answr 7th.
There is a very great Iron Market at York, You may estimate the ton of wrought Iron there £28. and Iron of a similar Quality will command the same Sum at Chambersburg.
Answr 8th.
I herewith I give you a list of taxes laid upon the County of York since the beginning of the revolution, but they are all nearly discharged and no new Land tax has been assessed by the State since the Establishment (or rather administration) of the General Government by the United States.

Pennsylvania has a considerable demand against the General Government and has a Surpluss revenue after paying all her debts, which is intended to be applied for the improvement of roads & navigation—No land tax is expected to be levied by the State.

            List of taxes laid upon York County by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

            For the Year
            Continental Currency which in the Year 1781 depreciated to 150 for one in this State and finally would not circulate£.S.D.
            State paper Money£.S.D.
            Specie Gold or Silver£.S.D.

            1777
            12721. 4. 9

            1778
            120860. 3

            1779
            324863. 1. 3

            1780
            1174447.18.10

            1781

            14751.13. 9
            6152.15.6¼

            1782

            35569. 7.8

            1783

            19140. 1. 1

            1784

            8268.15. 7

            1785

            6902.10.11

            1786

            14032. 0. 2

            1787

            6786. 4.11

            1788

            6906. 1. 9

            1789

            6826. 2. 8

During the war there were a few instances where some additional Taxes were laid upon Non Jurors or Non Associators in the Militia[.] A Rate of six pence in the pound upon personal property will in general be more than sufficient to pay the County Tax. The road and poor Tax will not come so high. By the laws of the union we pay a duty upon foreign importations and an excise on Wine and spirits of all kinds. “He that drinks must pay.[”]
Franklin County may be nearly in the same Condition as to taxes. From the foregoing Statement, it must appear that this Country from Climate, Soil & Situation is favourable to Agriculture. The hand of Industry, with a good System is only wanting to bring it to perfection. I imagine that if our farmers were to cultivate fewer acres and attend them well, they would succeed better[.] a greater regard should be had to the collecting proper Manure[.] I have given you my sentiments respecting the two counties and shall be ready during the Winter to grant any

further assistance in my power and am with the greatest respect Your most Obedient and most humble servant

Thos Hartley

P.S. My Copier has been rather incorrect but I could do us better now.

T.H.


Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 24 September 1791
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

Sir
War Department [Philadelphia], 24th September, 1791.

I have the honor to inform you, that since my last I have received several Letters from Major General St Clair, up to the

29th of the last month. He complains heavily that neither General Butler or the Quarter master had joined him, and seems to be apprehensive that the state of the river would prevent their arrival altogether.
Under this impression, he has called upon the County Lieutenants to meet him the 3d of September, in order to obtain from them as many militia, as he might require—He was induced to this measure from the advice of Judge Innes, and others, in order to persuade the Lieutenants to a measure, which it seems they would enter with an order from the Governor of Virginia, which they had not received—I wrote to the Governor of Virginia by your authority, on the 15th of July, requesting him to instruct the County Lieutenants of Kentucky, that in case General St Clair should call for militia, that there should be no obstruction—He answered on the 4th of August “that he had embraced the first opportunity to instruct General Scott, to use every exertion to ensure them of ample compliance with the requisition of the General of the federal troops, for militia.”
But I flatter myself that he will not think proper to require and militia, excepting perhaps two or three hundred mounted Volunteers. As it will appear from the enclosed statement of troops, taken from the muster rolls, that deducting for sick and desertions, he will have on the 10th of this month, above Two thousand effectives, regulars and Levies, besides making an allowance of nearly Four hundred for non effectives.
The horses for the Quarter master’s Department, for transporting the provisions, and for the Artillery were provided, and the Artillery and ammunition for the Infantry were in readiness, and the troops which had assembled on the 15th of August, had on that day moved forwards to the crossing of the Miami, and reached the first post of communication—Genl St Clair is apprehensive that what Genl Butler calls his last detachment, will not arrive in season, but that he shall not wait for it—If the enemy means to make proposals for peace, it is not likely to happen until the army is in motion, I believe they will give us credit for numbers sufficient to the end.
It may be fairly concluded, that as every thing was in readiness but the rear guard, that Genl St Clair would move to the first post of Communication without it, about Thirty five miles; and that

Genl Butler would join him there about the 12th instant. I have the honor to be With the highest respect Your most Obedient hume servant

H. Knox

P. S. I have omitted to state that Genl St Clair mentions it as his opinion that the two successful Volunteer expeditions will entirely detach the Wabash Indians from the hostile Indians, and that three hundred of them men, women and children, had put themselves under the protection of the United States not far from Post Vincennes.

H.K.


Title: From George Washington to Ternant, 24 September 1791
From: Ternant, Jean-Baptiste, chevalier de
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Mount Vernon Sepr 24th 1791.

I have not delayed a momt since the receipt of your communications of the 22d instant, in dispatching orders to the Secretary of the Treasury to furnish the money, and to the Secretary of War to deliver the arms and ammunition, which you have applied to me for.
Sincerely regretting, as I do, the cause which has given rise to this application, I am happy in the opportunity of testifying how well disposed the United States are to render every aid in their power to our good friends and Allies the ⟨French⟩ to quell “the alarming insur⟨rec⟩tion of the Negros in Hispaniola” ⟨and⟩ of the ready disposition to effect ⟨it,⟩ of the Executive authority thereof.

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Robert Brent, 25 September 1791
From: Brent, Robert
To: Washington, George

Sir
Dudington Pasture Mary Land 25th Sepr 1791

It having been my lott to inherit nothing from the estate of my Ancestors; and finding the perils and uncertainties of the merchantile business, in which I was bred, enough to deter those from its persuit, who possessed ample capitals You will not be surprised at one, who did not possess that necessary advantage, declining its persuit.
In order to secure a future independance I have been advised by my friends to present myself as a candidate, for some one of the offices which now is, or hereafter may arrise, under the Government over which you preside—And I now do it with peculiar diffidence—both from a persuasion that such applications are

so frequent that they have become troublesome to you, and from a diffidence in my own talents-In making this application, the most I can promise myself for the present, is to have the honor of my name ranked in your list of applicants for office—and if at a future day offices should arrise, or vacancies happen, on casting your eyes over that list you should behold in me, merit & talents (if any) equal to others who apply—I feel a confidence from your impartiallity that my cause, notwithstanding, I may not have been so early on your list as others, will be equally favoured.
I have now only to beg pardon for this intrusion on your time, and to assure you, that whatever my fortune may be it shall not tend in the smallest degree, to diminish the high respect I have allways had for your person, nor shall it decrease my Zeal as a citizen for the Government in which I have the happiness to live. With sentiments of All due respect I have the honor to be Sir your Mo. Obt servt

Robert Brent