Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Joseph Palmer, 12 November 1779
From: Palmer, Joseph
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Sir
Germantown, Novem: 12th. 1779.
In the beginning of August last, I took the liberty of troubling you with a few Lines by my Nephew, Joseph Palmer, Passenger on board the Mercury Packett; Since which I have heard nothing from him, or the Vessell.— I then mentioned the flattering hopes we had of Success at Penobscutt, but were sadly disappointed. My Friend Mr Adams will be able to give more particulars of that unhappy Expedition, & of Genl Sullivan’s success against the Indians, than is in my Power.
The Enemy evacuated Rd Island this day fortnight; & that Post is now occupied by the Militia, our regulars having marched from thence towards N York. The enemy left the Island in a much better condition than we expected: They burnt the Light-House, & blew up some of their Works; but left the Town of Newport in a tolerable good condition; some Houses were destroyed, contrary to their Orders, as ’tis said; & three days before they embarked, they Sent the Refugees on board, in order, as the Officers said, to prevent their burning the Town: They also left near two Thousand Cords of Wood, and about 14 or 1500 Tons of Hay with many large &c’s. They went to N York, & ’tis said, are still on board, & that the other Troops there, are preparing to Embark.
Mr Adams goes on board tomorrow morning, so that I have not time to be particular about our Success at South Carolina &c, but inclose Yesterday’s Paper.
I beg the favor of a Line, informing me whether my Nephew arrived Safe, &c.
I have the honor to be, with Sincere esteem Dear Sr. Your Friend & mo humbl Servt
J: Palmer
His Excellency Benjamin Franklin Esqr: at Passy near Paris

Addressed: His Excellency / Benjamin Franklin Esqr: / at Passy / near Paris / Favour’d by the Honble: / John Adams Esqr.
Notation: J Palmer Novr 12 79


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Samuel Cooper, 13 November 1779
From: Cooper, Samuel
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir,
Boston Novr. 13th. 1779.
This will be delivered to you by Mr Jeremy Allen a Merchant in this Town of Good Reputation, and of a very ancient and respectable Family among us, and for whom I have a particular Regard. He goes to Europe chiefly upon a Plan of Business, and I take the Liberty to introduce him to your Excellency, not only as my own Friend, but as one who has the highest Respect for your publick and private Character.
I am Sir, with the utmost Regard, Your most obedient and very humble Servant
Saml. Cooper

Addressed: His Excellency Benjn. Franklin Esqr / Minister Plenipotentiary from the / United States of America / At the Court of Versailles.
Notation: Dr. Cooper Nov 13. 1779


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from John Paul Jones, 13 November 1779
From: Jones, John Paul
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Honor’d and Dear Sir,
Serapis Texel, Novr: 13th: 1779.
His Excellency the French Ambassador at the Hague appeared to me to think so ill of sending letters by Post that I durst not venture to forward the within evidence against Captain Landais by that insecure conveyance, and I was unwilling to be at the expence of sending an Express, especially as I am not sure whether Captain Landais has or has not yet left Amsterdam, I hope no damage will attend my not having sooner sent the Certificates which you require, our good Friend Mr: Dumas who is now here does me the favor to charge himself with forwarding this letter to you.—
I am exceedingly sorry that we have consumed so much time here—and doubly so because our first Object appears to be given up.— The Weather has been and is so unfavorable that the Dutch Carpenters have Scarcely performed a good days work in a Week—and at the distance of 26 leagues from a place of supply in this ungentle Road it has been impossible for me to forward the Repairs with greater dispatch.— The difficulty of obtaining fresh Water here is scarcely conceivable; We are obliged to send our Casks all the way to Amsterdam; Judge then of our embarressments with more than Five hundred Prisoners and in a Situation where every other Article is equally difficult to be obtain’d. I have however at last allmost surmounted all obstructions and the Serapis is now almost Ready to sail, and if the Weather continues favorable for a day or two I shall depart with the first fair Wind afterwards.— I Know that I must run the Risque of meeting with the Enemy who have long been watching our departure off the entrance of the Port. It is believed that they have four Ships opposite to the North and Eight Opposite to the South passage, and the latter have been frequently seen from the Ships in this Road.

The two French Cutters that arrived here from Dunkirk a Week after our Squadron expect to Sail tomorrow and I determine to avail myself of their protection to send out the Countess of Scarborough and the Vengeance with a part of the Prisoners (say 200 to 250) the Captains of the Cutters have been so polite as to promise that between them they will take on board their Cutters, when without the Road 40 of the principal prisoners— Tho’ the Commanding Officer of the Cutters will not take an absolute charge of the Countess of Scarborough and the Vengeance, yet I hope the measure of sending them out in Company will meet with your Approbation, as it will divide the Risque. We Know also that the Enemy is far Superior to our whole force and that neither Politicks nor the Season will admit of their Continuing here— I hope the arrangement which I have made onboard the Alliance will meet with your Excellencies Approbation. It has I understand given entire Satisfaction on board that Ship—and the Men ask only a months pay and a little Winter Cloathing.— My People on board here both Officers and Men having lost their Cloths with the Bon Homme Richard are in great want of everything; I am afraid to say a Word of this to M de Chaumont after the unmerited Reproaches which he has made me on the same Account.—
I have the Satisfaction to inform you that the Serapis is highly worthy of becoming the property of America, having many good Qualities and being entirely New—both this Ship and the Alliance deserves to be sheathed in Copper, and they would cost less that way in three Years than if sheathed with wood besides Saving a fourth part of the time, for it is well known how many things are lost and distroyed in Careening Ships of War.—
I should be very unworthy of your Excellency’s Friendship if I did not feel the whole force of the Obligation which I owe to the Generous Sentiments of your greatly esteemed letter of the 15th of October; it is my truest Glory that my Conduct is honored and rewarded by your Approbation, and my favorite object of being instrumental in giving Liberty to the Americans that have so long languished for it in the British Prisons shall never loose my attention.—
I have lately written fully to Doctor Bancroft on the Subject of my misunderstanding with M de Chaumont—and as I conclude that he has shewn your Excellency my Letters I hope you are convinced that my Friendship for him is far from diminished. I allways esteemed and lov’d his Heart— And the instant that he retracts the Errors of his Head I shall love him altogether.— I felt myself deeply hurt, and as it is not in my nature to Act a double part I spoke freely my Sentiments.—
I have the Honor to be with the highest Sentiments of Grateful Esteem and Respect Dear Sir your Excellencies most affectionate and most oblig’d Servant
Jno P Jones
His Excellency B[torn] Franklin Esqr: &c &c &c.
 Notation: Capt. Jones Nov 13. 1779


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Sarah Bache, 14 November 1779
From: Bache, Sarah Franklin
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear & Honoured Sir
Philadelphia Novr. 14 1779
My Friend and neighbour Mrs Wistar has been to request Mr Bache would write a few lines to introduce Mr. Ashton to you, as he is not at home I take that liberty, Mr Ashton has been in partnership with Mr John Gibson, and bears the Character of a very worthy good man, it will not be long before he will return and I hope will bring us the pleasing accounts of your continuing well, Mr Bache William Betty Luois and myself are all well; the latter is a very little Fellow but the livelyest I ever saw of his age, he is just five weeks old, Mrs Jay will tell you how well and hearty I am. I should certainly have wrote by her, but heard she was to stay a day longer— I am with the truest afection Your dutifull daughter
Sarah Bache
 Addressed: His Excellency / Dr Benjamin Franklin / Minister Plenipotentiary from the / United States of No. America at the Court of / Versailles / Mr. George Ashton


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Thomas Digges: Two Letters, 15 November 1779
From: Digges, Thomas
To: Franklin, Benjamin

I.
Dr. Sir
London 15 Novr. 1779
The Bearer of this Letter, Mr Fabroni, has obligingly given me an oppertunity to send the inclosd to You.— He is a young Gentleman of distinguishd worth from Italy, and has been some time travelling with His ingenious Friend & Companion Mr Fontana. They mean to spend a few days at Paris on their return home, and as they stand distinguishd in the learned world, and have very liberal political opinions, I should be happy in bringing them acquainted with you— Their merit will be their best recommendation— I thus introduce them to your usual civility and attention and am with the highest esteem Dr Sir Your very Obligd and Obedt. Servant
T Digges

Addressed: His Excellency / Benjamin Franklin Esq. / at Passy / near / Paris
Notations: Digges Nov. 15. 79 / Nov. 15

II.
Dr. Sir
Novr. 15. 1779
I did myself the honor to write you by Mr. Hawkins of So. Carolina the 1st Int., & inclosd two loan Office Bills for 60 and 36 Ds. the property of Mr Jno Calif, in order to know if they were good;— Mr. H was bound to Holland, & promisd to put the letter into the post office there. Since that, on the 11th Int., I had an oppery by Capt. C——m & the affsd. mr Calif to write you again; As they have to all appearance got safe to the other side, I make no doubt but the letter will get to you in due course. It was cheifly to explain how Capt C——m and others got out of confinement. I understand 32 got away, but have yet no letter from my Revd & good friend at Plymo. as to what supplys he gave Capt C——m, but this will come all in time.— I am led to beleive from Capt. C——s friendship in assisting others He has added more than I expected to the sum orderd to be advancd Him. I hope before this gets to Yr. hand all the affair will be explained to You by letter from Him, as He promisd to write & place himself at Yr. command or direction as to future opperation—for this purpose He will wait at D——n——k till he gets your answer.
I have an oppy. to forward this by two Tuscan Gentlemen who will pass thro Paris, and as men of literature & philosophic knowlege, have a strong desire to be made known to You. They travel at the Expence of the Grand Duke, & are under his patronage & Esteem; Their political sentiments & opinions seem to be of the right sort, and as they have been known to some of yr. good friends here, & have a strong desire to be known to you, I could not resist their solicitation for a common introduction. I some time ago got one of them, Signr. Fabroni, to bear a parcel from our friend Mr V——n; but his companion Signr. Fontana having been taken ill, their journey has been postpond for some days. I some time ago forwarded to Monr. Grand at Amsm. another parcel from Mr V——n, by Mr Manigault of So Caroa., which Monr. Grand acknowleges the Receipt of but I do not know that it ever reachd You— I hope it has, as Mr V——n seems anxious about it, & wishes to know its fate.
I am very glad to find the Cartel is again on float, & that in consequence of the arrival of the fresh passport for the Vessel to go to Morlaix instead of Nantes, orders are gone down for the Vessel to take another Cargoe on board; I hope they will sweep the hundd & seventy odd at Plymo. and soon return for near the 200 that is at Portsmo.— The delays of office are so great here that I fear another squad may be inducd to break Prison before they can be convincd that the Cartel will go on again— These breaking outs, are not only disagreeable, but at times highly distressing & dangerous to me and they seem to fly to me as one who was obligd whether it was convenient or not, to supply them.

We have two Ships from Halifax the 16 Octor. both with accots from N York to the 3d. of Octor., but they differ so materially that one says there were no accots recd from N York at Halifax abot DEstaigne on the 3r. Octor; The other says He was before N York with a fleet of 22 sail of the line 10 frgts &ca.
Rodney will sail in a very few days wth 4 of the line, one 44, two frigates, & two 20 Gun Ships with a fleet of 40 or 50 Sail and abot. 2,500 Men. They go to Antia [Antigua] and there join the W. India fleet (8 or 9 of wch. are unfit to act as Men of War at Sea & are coming home) and so proceed on towards Jama.—the fears for which are a little revivd lately. A few trading Vessels for N York will attend Rodneys fleet part of the way, & take a frigate or two to convoy them— They carry nothing like Soldiers or recruits, & I dare swear the Idea of sending more to that quarter is now given up. The town ’tho has been much amusd of late with the distress’s of Ama. Her incapability of supporting her Independence, the surety of success in subjugating Her the next Campaign, & a variety of such stuf as they swallowd from Galloway last winter. This all comes from a little Irish Bishop who boasts an intimacy & confidence with you, & that He had such accots from yr. own mouth— Those who know you laugh at him, but he has so far guild the ministry into attention to his tale, that there have been several meetings where he was admitted to relate it to the junto particularly one or two at Lord Spencers. If our wise rulers are led to go on by such tales as these, they will prove themselves greater fools than ever I immagind them.
The Indiamen not arriving yet from the Shannon is now attributed to there being a small french Squadron watching their motions. Our grand fleet of 37 sail of the line & one or two fiftys, has not yet got further westward than Torbay, & will probably move from thence to the E Ward when things have a certain accot. of the French fleet being out. The people here seem to be getting a little more out of their apathy & are much more generally abusive of Ministers and Measures, & there is likely to be very warm work in the next sessions. The Irish business will cut out more sereous work for them than people at present seem to be aware of— These rights of mankind are sad things to be discussed even by people ruled by omnipotent Parliament. Ireland declares she will have a free trade, & be no longer imposd on by temporary expedients. If this free trade is not given, they are likely very soon to take it; and if it is given the mobs of Manchester, Bristol, Liverpoole Leeds &ca. may very soon disturb the speechifyers in Parliamt. The Irish seem to have caught the contagion of reasoning from America; and if the same incapable Councils continue to distract this Kingdom, their reasoning will conclude (as Americas has concluded) in Independence—many here look upon this period as not very distant. The blundering Rulers of this Country seem to have made a most material slip when they drove America into the dangerous discussion of the ground of her duty to England, as well as to the reason & to the extent of Her obedience.— Once forcd to reason, She reasond herself into Resistance, & has now foresworn all allegiance; and this oath of forswearing is of a nature less likely to be broken, than any possitive oath Lord Mansfield could frame for unconditional submission. Ireland seems to be following her footsteps and example exactly, only they seem to speak plainer, than America did until July 1775, for Independencey; for such the avowd authoritative claim of that Country must be allowd. If the powers of Government continue intrusted to the present incapable wicked set, His Majesty, whom the Irish now zealously stile their Sovereign, as America did in the begining of the quarrel, will find his Irish Title as effectually wiped out of his Escutcheon as his American Sovereignty is now.
I forgot to tell you that the Little Irish Bishop has brot. over with him, the Copys of the written accots of the State of things in America, brought over by the Marquiss Fayatte, Gen. Conway and another. These Statements were given says the Bishop from these officers to their several Patrons. He found means to get at them. They are filld with the disorders, calamaties & distresses of America, & as such, have I dare say been read with great pleasure by the junto to whom He has divulgd all these important secrets. I am with very great esteem Dr Sir Yr very obligd & ob Servt
V.J. Drouillard
You will oblige me by telling Mr W——n, we have not yet been able to recover his papers from the Philistines. His Sick friend has got well and is going on tolerably well in his affair at least He thinks so. He red. Mr W——ns letter of the 26th octor & has nothing material to say. I am also thankful to him for two, the last of Octor 31 coverd a point which I much wanted— The same direction will do for any thing He has to say in common, & his book will be forwarded in a few days to O——d, to the direction that the sick Genn. will give me

Addressed: Dr. Franklin
Notations: Nov 15. 79 / Digges


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from ——— La Hure: Bill for Clothing, [15 November 1779]
From: La Hure, ——
To: Franklin, Benjamin

[November 15, 1779]
Mémoire Pour Monsieur franklin Pere
Du 19. fevrier 1779

La façon d’un habit Complet de drap de Vigogne
17
l.t.

fourni 3 aus. drap de Vigogne à 90 l.t.
270
”
”

  4. aus. ¾ Satin pour doubler à 8.5
39
3
9

  ⅞ toille de Coton pour défaut dhabit à 4
3
10
”

  ⅞ raz de Castor assorti pour le dessus du dos de la veste à 3.10
3
1
3

  2 aul. ⅞ molton de Soie pour défauts de la veste et le dessus des manches à 3.15
10
15
9

  5/6. taffetas de florence pour doubler les manches 5.15
4
16 “
”

toille et poches dhabit et Veste
1
10
”

petit panniers
1
”
”

bout de Soie et boucle dacier
”
10
”

poches et goussets entravers, et doublure des Ceintures
1
”
”

352.
6.
9

Du 29. Mars

La façon dun habit Complet de drap royal
17
”
”

  fourni 7. aus. drap royal gris bleuté à 15 l.t.
105
”
”

  5. aus ⅓. Croisé assorti pour doubler les aparans dhabit, basques de devants et de dérieres a la veste et bordures et parmentage de la Culote à 6
32
”
”

  2. aus. ⅓ toille de Coton pour défaut dhabit et corp de Veste et le dessus des manches de Veste à 4.5
9
18
6

1. aus. Croisé blanc pour doubler les manches de veste
5
15
”

toille et poches dhabit et Veste
1
10
”

petit panniers
1
”
”

bout de Soie et boucle dacier
”
10
”

poches et goussets, toille des Ceintures
1
”
”

173
13
6

Du 22. Mai

La façon dun habit Complet de Soie
17
”
”

  8. aus. ½ royal Couleur de prune de Monsieur à 13 l.t.
110
10
”

  4 aus. taffetas Italie assorti pour doubler à 8
32
”
”

  3. aus. ¾. toille dauphine pour défaut à 2.5
8
8
9

toille et poches dhabit et Veste
1
10
”

petit panniers
1
”
”

bout de Soie et boucle dacier
”
10
”

poches et goussets toille des ceintures et ruban
1
6
”

172
4
9

Du 4. 8bre.

La façon dun habit complet de drap royal
17
l.t.

  7. aus. drap royal pourpré à 15 l.t.
105
”
”

  5. aus. ⅓ Croisé assorti à 6
32
”
”

  2. aus. ⅓. toille de Coton fine pour défaut dhabit et Corp de Veste et le dessus des manches de Veste 4.5 l.t.
9
18
6

1. aus. Croisé blanc pour doubler les manches de Veste
5
15
”

toille et poches dhabit et Veste
1
10
”

petit panniers
1
”
”

bout de Soie et boucle dacier
”
10
”

poches et goussets, toille des Ceintures
1
”
”

113.
  13.
  6

Total
  871.
  18.
  6

Recu pour Solde a passy ce 15 9bre 1779
angenend[in another hand:] pour la Hure

Addressed: Mr. Franklin Pere
Notation: Taylor acct Pd—by an Order on Grand


Title: Minutes of the Landais Inquiry, [15–24 November 1779]
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To:

[November 15–24, 1779]
Minutes of the Enquiry into the Conduct of Capt. P. Landais

Present
{
B. Franklin Esqr

M. Le Ray de Chaumont

E. Bancroft Esqr.

Monday 15th Nov. 79
Capt Landais was acquainted that the following Charges were made against him, viz
1st. Disobedience of Orders.—

2d Not coming in time to the Assistance of the Bonhomme Richard in her Engagement on the 23d of Sept. 79—
3d Firing into the B. h. Richard
4th Not intercepting any of the Convoy during the Combat of the B. Homme Richd. with the Serapis—
Capt. L. produced the Act of his Naturalization & the Oath he had taken of Allegiance to the U.S.
Also B.F.s Orders for him to go from Nantes to L’Orient where he would receive further Orders.—dated 24 Ap. 79—
Also BFs. Orders of the 28 Ap. 79 to put himself & Vessel under the Commd of Capt. Jones & proceed with him on the Cruize he was about to make & obey his Orders ’till his Return to France.
He produc’d also B.Fs Orders of the 28th July 79 viz “In Case the Circumstances of the Bon h. Rd. should make a Delay of her sailing necessary, of which M. de. Cht. will inform you, You are to proceed to the North Seas & Cruize there ’till the End of Sept. in such Parts as are most convenient for intercepting the Northern Trade to England after which you are to go into the Texel & there wait further Orders.”
Capt. Ls. says in his Justification, that by the Voyage to Borx. [Bordeaux] & the Cruise he made jointly with Cr. Jones in the Bay, he understood that on his Return to L’Orient the Orders he Recd from BF. of the 28th. of Apl. 79 were compleated. That M. De Chaumont never gave him any Directions to put himself under the command of Capt. Jones, nor instructed him to fulfil B. Franklin’s Orders of the 28th July 79 whereby he was to Cruize in the North Seas, in Case the Circumstances of the Bonhomme Richard, should make a Delay of her sailing necessary. & that in joining Capt. Jones afterwards, he acted not from any Orders but voluntarily for the good of the Service; not conceiving himself any longer under the Command of Capt. Jones.—
C. L. also produced a Paper intitled an Extract of the Orders Capt. Jones had recd from BF. dated 30 June 79. Viz. “Being arrived at Grois, you are to make the best of your Way, with the Vessels under your Command &ca;.
“The Prizes you may make, send to Dunkirk, Ostend, or Bergen in Norway, according to your Proximity to either of those Ports. Address them to the Persons M. De Chaumont shall indicate to you.”
  a true Copy (signed) J.P. Jones.
Sundry Letters were also read, which had passed between Commodore Jones & Capt. Landais, at Sea, viz.
To P. Landais Esq—Capt. of the Alliance.
Sir,
I am to request you to come yourself on board here immediately on business—
I am, Sir, Your very obedt. humble Servant.
(signed) J.P. Jones—
At Sea on board the Bonhomme Ricd. Sept. 2d. 1779
Answer to the foregoing.
J. P. Jones Esq Capt. of the B h. Rd.
Sir,
I am to answer your Letter, that I cannot go, you know why: If you chuse to ask my Opinion upon any Business, You’ll please to send somebody who may communicate it—or send it by writing. I am, Sir, Your very obedient humble Servant
(signed) P. Landais.
At Sea on board the Alliance Sept. 2d 1779
The honble. Capt. John P. Jones of the Continental Navy, Commr. in Chief of the American Squadron now on an Expedition in Europe.
To Peter Landais Esqr. Capt. in the Continental Navy, & of the Frigate Alliance now at Sea & belonging to the sd. Squadron.

You are hereby required & directed forthwith to come on board the Ship of War the Bonhomme Richard, for which this shall be your Order.
Given on board the Ship B h. Richard at Sea the 5th of Sept 1779
  (signed) J.P. Jones.
Answer to the foregoing—
To Paul Jones Esq. Capt. in the Continental Navy of the Frigate B. h: Richard now at Sea.
I shall not go on board the Frigate B. h. Richard as I wrote you in my last Letter you know the Reason why, for which this is my Answer—
Given on board the Frigate Alliance at Sea the 5th of Sept. 1779
Capt. Landais acknowledged these Letters, but justified himself as above, with regard to his not being oblig’d to obey Capne. Jones’s Orders; adding that the Commodore had us’d him very ill when last on board his Ship, giving him the Lye, &c. and that he could not expose himself again to such atrocious Injury; for which he must have Satisfaction.

Wednesday 24 Nov 79.
Dr Franklin being indisposed the continuation of the Enquiry was postponed ’till this Day When Capt Landais appeared. & B. Franklin Esqr. M. Le Ray de Chaumont & E. Bancroft Esqr were present.
1st. Capt Landais produced a Plan of the Manœuvres of the Squadron on the 23d of Sept. from the first Appearance of the Serapis & Countess of Scarborough to the End of the Action explaining all the different Positions of the Ships on both sides, at different Periods of the Engagement: in order to shew that he did every thing incumbent on him for the Success of it— Herewith is the sd Plan, contained in two Sheets, having on the back of each a Certificate from the Officers of the Alliance (Here insert it)

2 Dr. Franklin having recd since the last Meeting the Charges of Comme [Commodore] Jones against Capt. Landais, more distinctly & particularly express’d than in his former Letters, it was thought proper to order a Copy of the sd. Charges to be made out & deliver’d to Capt. Landais, that he might have an Opportunity of answering in writing and the same was accordingly order’d;
The said Charges received from Come Jones are as follows,
  (Here insert them)
To these Charges Capt. Landais made the following Answer, viz.
  Here insert the Answer

Capt. Landais requiring Extracts of Such Parts of Comme Jones’s Letter of the 3d. Oct. 79 as affected him, the same were made out and delivered to him.
He afterwards delivered in the following Letter, viz
(Here insert it.)
Commodore Jones, not being present to support his Charges against the Remarks made on them by Capt Landais, or to justify himself from the Recriminations of the said Captain, an End was put to the Enquiry here, and the Parties are referr’d to the proper Jurisdiction for determining Their Disputes, a Court Martial, which at present can only be obtain’d in America.—
Notation in Franklin’s hand: Minutes


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Marie Del de Sanlecque, 16 November 1779
From: Sanlecque, Veuve Marie Del de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
Paris Le 16. Novembre 1779.
Il m’a été assûré que vous desiriés vous procurer des caracteres pour l’Impression. C’est d’après cette annonce que je prends la Liberté de vous offrir ce qui me reste de fontes.

1º
  En une fonte de petit Romain-Romain pezant
415.
L

2º
  en une de cicero-Romain pezant
  711.

3º
  en une autre de cicero-Italique pezant
   260.

En tout
  1386

Ces trois fontes, Monsieur, que je suis en état de Livrer dans le moment ne forment pas précisement Le but de la Lettre que j’ai l’honneur de vous adresser. Je suis depuis 18. mois veuve du Sr. De sanlecque fondeur de caracteres. Je suis par cette raison propriétaire d’une Fonderie que j’ose vous assûrer ici être La plus belle de l’Europe. Elle est composée de matrices prêtes à travailler, de poinçons prêts à en frapper d’autres, et de moules pour fondre toutes sortes de caractéres. J’ai pensé, Monsieur, que vous ne désapprouveriés pas que je joigne ici un petit Livre qui contient Les différentes Impressions qui vous mettront à portée de juger du mérite de ma fonderie par la beauté des caractéres. Comme Vous étes l’organe d’un Peuple nouveau que vous éclairés de vos Lumieres après l’avoir arraché à la Tirannie d’un Royaume ennemi; il ma semblé que vous pourriés desirer d’enrichir ce même peuple d’une fonderie avec laquelle il pourroit se passer de tous secours étrangers pour l’impression. Elle est prête à être mise en action. Si vous jugés à propos de donner vos ordres pour La faire éxaminer, vous serés convaincu de La vérité, et Le rapport qui vous en sera fait vous décidera, je pense, à en faire faire L’acquisition.
Je suis avec respect Monsieur Votre très humble et très obéissante servante
V. De Sanlecquesur La place de l’Estrapade à Paris
  Notations: Sanlecque Ve. De 16. Nov. 1779. / Sanlecque Ve. De 16. Nov. 1779.


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Thomas Digges, 17 November 1779
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Digges, Thomas

Dear sir
Nov. 17. 1779.
I received yours of the 30th. past: I suspect that several of mine to you and Mr. H. have been stopped in the Post-Office here since the mail ceased going by Calais, for want of Being frank’d here, which I did not till lately know was necessary. I shall inclose you the next Post a Copy of one I wote to Mr. B. which by yours it seem he had not received. I sent Copies of others to M. H. by M. Luard. I am surpriz’d that the Passport for the Cartel was not received, as I think the Pacquet containing it must have been frank’d.— But let not the Miscarriage of that Paper prevent her sailing for assuredly no Advantage will be taken from the want of it, the same having been regularly issued, signed by the king and the High Admiral, &c. supposing that it must arrive, I have not applyed for another.
Your Drafts on G. was approved by me the 2d. of October, accepted by him the 8th. but was not presented for Payment till the 28th. when it was duly paid. I have not yet received your acct. which you have several times mentioned of the Books sent to Holland &c.— By the way is there not a sum of 20. or 25. Pounds due from you to me on Account of a Bill of yours paid twice.

I have just received Advice of a Boat arrived in france with 6. Prisoners escaped from Mill Prison. They Say Capt. Conyngham, Capt. Calef and Lieut. Arnold escaped at the Same time.— If true I hope soon to see them here.
The Two Loan Office Bills you sent me are good. I have accepted them, and an order goes by this Post to Mr. Ls. Teissier old Broad street London from Mr. G. to pay you the Money. I suppose there is some small Deduction arising from the Exchange. Mr. Luard is gone, and the Departure of Mr. Walpole is uncertain which makes me take this Method that you may sooner be possess’d of the Cash for the Relief of the Poor Prisoner.
I wonder my Letter to Mr. Bridgen was not received. I find I sent it by the Same sure Conveyance that brought his to me.
I know nothing of Mr. I——d’s Intention in going to Ama. He Leaves his family here. If you please you may mention in your next what you hear of it. I wonder my friend Mr. T. has never written me a Line Since his arrival in Europe, nor communicated to me a Syllable of the Whisper he brought over. I take this a Little amiss, Please to tell him so. I Sent him a Letter from his Lady by Mr. Luard, who said he would Endeavour to find him, the Letter having no particular Direction. Continue to do good and Enjoy the Pleasure of it. Yours affectionate &c.
N. A
Tell Mr. H. I will carefully consider his of June 29. of which I have now receiv’d a Copy; & send an Answer next Post.
Mr. Digges.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Gustavus Conyngham, 18 November 1779
From: Conyngham, Gustavus
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Sir
Amsterdam Nov. 18th. 1779
I have the pleasure to enforme you that on the 3d. Instant with About 50 of our Unfortunate Country men broke out of Mill prison I brought 3. officers with me. I came by the way of London it being the safest, at London we meet with our Good friend Mr. Diggs Who did every thing in his power to serve me and all his Country men that Chance to fall in his Way. Happy we have Such a man Among that set of tyrants the have in that Country. The treatment I have received is Unparrelled: Irons, Dungeons, hunger, the hang mans Cart, I have experienced, I shall set of from heare the 19th. for Dunkirk. Theare I shall be Glad to heare from you. I shall Always be ready to serve my Country, and happy should I be to be Able to Come Along side of Some of those petty tyrants. I find Some thing of the effects of my Confiment, in A short time will be Able to retaliate. I should at this time Go Out with Capt. Jones or in the Squadron Could I have heard from you I should be Glad to Go for the Continent if A Good oppurtunity served. In this I shall take your Advice and Act According, the Cash mr. Diggs Suppld. me with and Some Nessaries I Got at plymouth the Amt. Could not procure the friend we have at plymouth is Oblidged to Act with the Greatest Caution, Mr. Redmond Conyngham in Irland had Orderd me Some little Supply through the hands of David harvey of London A Mortel enemey of America by all Account from your Most Obdt. and Verry hhmble. Servt.
G. Conyngham
  Addressed: His Exellency / Benj: Franklin / at the Court of Varsailles
Notation: G. Conynham Nov 18. 79


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Dumas, 18 November 1779
From: Dumas, Charles-Guillaume-Frédéric
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear & honoured Sir
Amst. 18e. Nov. 1779
We are here, from the Texel, since two days. All things are adjusted amiably. All possible care is taken by the Commodore & the Embassador for the Interests of the American crew, & for la safety of the prisoners.
I am happy to give you the good news of Capt. Cuningham’s escape from the English prisons, & his arrival here. He will be soon with you.
We are setting out altogether for the Helder, where the Embassador judges my presence necessary.
Permit me to assure here Mr. De Chaumont of my respect. You Know the tenderness of that with which I am ever Dear & honoured Sir yr. most humble & obedient servant
Dumas
His Exc. B. Franklin
 Notation: Dumas Novr. 18. 1779.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Jan Ingenhousz, 18 November 1779
From: Ingenhousz, Jan
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Friend
Brussels Nov. 18th 1779
I find myself very happy to be in a country, from which I may write to you in full safety, and to acquaint you, that I intend ear long to pay you a visit at Passy. I set out to morrow for Holland, from where I will go directely to Paris. I had asked leave to remain in London till next spring on purpose to publish a second volum of the work I send you, and two volums upon other matters, one upon the nature of the small pox and inoculation; on which subject I believe I can throw some light, the other upon miscellaneous matters regarding natural philosophy, such as electricity &c and medecine. I never work’d so much and with so much pleasure as I did this time in England. You will judge by the sample of this book, whether I spended my time alltogeather useless. You know England agrees with my constitution best. You know allso, that I have a great deal of good and respectable friends in that country, who honour me with some degree of consideration. I believe indeed that I could be more usefull to the world and to my Royal mistress, if I had full liberty to stay where I pleased; for an experience of 10 years has teached me that the air of Vienna does not so much agree with my constitution, and casts a gloom upon my mind, which makes me unfit to exert the little talents, nature has given me. Just before I set out I spended a day or two with our common friend Sir John Pringle, who was at Bath enjoying a tolerable good health; but his spirits are depressed, his time hangs upon him, and his sight begins to fail him, so that he is not happy. My company revived him very often and therefore he was very unwilling to part with me, and hoped I should get leave to come back, and indeed I myself was very sorry to quit a man, who I revere so much—the rest when we meet— I spended also two days at Bowwood with Lord Shelburn, who is remarcably friendly to me, and Dr. Priestley, whose situation as a philosopher, is reather too confined. He seems not to turn in his own Sphere.— Dr. Price delivred me the book, I join to the pacquet, and the lettre you will find with it. The same allso begged me to delivre the lettre, I join also with it, to Mr. Turgot. As you have often oportunity to see him, I thought it would Come to his hands quicker by this way— I have allso put some few copies of my two papers on Electricity. The one, upon the Electrophorus, contains the theorie, you did approve of, when I was with you at Passy— It has convinced several electriciens, that the wonnderfull phenomena of this machine may be explained by your Principles, which many of them thaught impossible. I begg of you to give a copy of it to those electricians as mr le Roy who, I think, will be pleased with it. I am sorry I can send no other copies of my book to some of my acquaintances of Paris. I have all ready given away 110 copies, which is above the numbre destined to my friends.— I should wish the Court would allow me to spend the winter in Paris for to print a frensh translation of the book, which I have promish’d to the public. For, if I had not resisted against such an undertaking, some blunderer would have done it allready. As the book is full of new discoveries, no body can well undertake it but my Self, or under my own inspection.
Give my best respects to mr. & Madame de Chaumond, in whose house I should be willing to stay again according to their friendly and pressing invitation, if I was sure, that they still keep their former friendship to me, and that their house is not more incumbred now, than it was then, and if you are there still your self. If you could spare a few minutes to write me a line on this head directed to me a l’hotel de Londres a Bruxelles, you would oblige me. I intend to be there in about a fourthnight, or earlyer, if possible. I will bring you my self the silver milk pot.
I will get this pacquet Conveyed to you by some courier de la cour, which often goe from here to Paris. At least it will be put in hands of the frensh minister here.
But, before I shut the parcel, I thaught it will be better to send the lettre by the post, which will thus serve as an advice letter of the Parcel.
Give my respects to your grand-son and mr. williams, if with you. I ame very respectfully your faithfull friend and servant
J Ingen Housz
N.B. This lettre was written for to be inclosed in the parcel and afterwards put in the post office.

 Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur B. Franklin / Ministre Plenipotentiaire des / Etats de l’Amerique, a la cour / de France / a Passy / prez de / Paris
Notations: Ingenhouse Nov 18. 79 / Ingenhouse


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Geneviève Le Veillard, 18 November 1779
From: Le Veillard, Geneviève-Elisabeth Belamy
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dreux 18 9bre 1779
Vous souvient il, Monsieur, d’avoir demandé a ce que vous appellez votre enfant, une petite lettre pendant son séjour a dreux? Il est trop bon a vous de vouloir bien quelle vous occupe d’elle; mais cest bien peu pour elle de ne pouvoir que vous écrire; car en concience elle aimeroit infiniment mieux vous voir et même vous embrasser, quoique vous disiez quelle ne le fasse pas de bonne grace; savez vous que vous etes quelques fois tres injuste vis avis de moi? Vous savez sans doute un grand nombre de choses, vous avez beaucoup voyagé. Vous connoissez les hommes, mais vous n’etes jamais entré dans la tête dune fille, françoise; eh bien! je vais vous dire Leur secret, quand vous voulez en embrasser une, et quelle pretend que cela ne lui fait pas de peine, cest a dire, que cela luy fait plaisir. A présent que je vous ai dit le fin de la chose, jespere que vous ne me ferez plus de mauvaises querelles; ne m’en faites pas non plus de ne vous avoir pas écrit plutot. Depuis que nous sommes ici, nous avons eu beaucoup d’affaires qui m’en ont empêchée; nous avons été a la noce de ma cousine, nous avons dansé et nous avons été Las, et puis elle s’est en allée a la terre de son mary et nous avons été tristes. Il est vrai qu’on nous a dit des nouvelles de nos bons insurgents qui nous auroient rendus gays, si nous eussions été bien surs quelles fussent vraies; jespere que si vous en avez de bonnes qui soyent certaines, vous voudrez bien me les dire et me donner aussy de celles de votre santé; les nôtres sont tres bonnes; papa et maman vous assurent dabord de leur respect et ensuitte de l’amitié la plus tendre. Cest ce que font tous ceux qui vous connoissent.
Adieu, Monsieur, vous m’avez dit que lorsque vous m’écririez que vous m’aimez un peu, cela voudroit dire beaucoup. Moi je vous dis que je vous aime beaucoup. Jespere que vous n’en concluerez pas que je vous aime un peu. Ce seroit encore une injustice à vous, et je vous assure que mon beaucoup est a prendre dans toute sa valeur.
Bien des compliments a Mr votre petit fils, si cela ne le chagrine pas trop. Jai lhonneur d’etre Monsieur Votre tres humble et tres obeissante Servante
Leveillard
 Notation: Le Veillard 18. 9bre. 1779.


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Giambatista Beccaria, 19 November 1779
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Beccaria, Giambatista

Dear Sir
Passy Novr. 19. 1779.
Having sometime since heard of your Illness with great Concern, it gave me infinite Pleasure to learn this Day, from M. Chantel, (who did me the honour of a Visit) that you were so far recover’d, as to be able to make little Excursions on Horseback. I pray God that your Convalescence may be quick and perfect, and your Health be again firmly established. Science would lose too much in losing one so zealous and active in its Cause, and so capable of accelerating its Progress, and augmenting its Dominions.
I find myself here immers’d in Affairs, which absorb my Attention, and prevent my pursuing those Studies, in which I always found the highest Satisfaction: And I am now grown so old, as hardly to hope for a Return of that Leisure & Tranquility, so necessary for Philosophical Disquisitions. I have however not long since thrown a few Thoughts on Paper, relative to the Aurora Borealis, which I would send you, but that I suppose you may have seen them in the Journal of l’Abbé Rozier. If not I will make out a Copy & send it to you, perhaps with some Corrections.
Every thing of your Writing, is always very welcome to me. If therefore you have lately published any new Experiments, or Observations, in Physicks, I shall be happy to see them, when you have an Opportunity of sending them to me.
With the highest Esteem, Respect, and Affection, I am ever, Dear Sir, Your most obedient & most humble Servant.
B Franklin
The Revd. Pere Beccaria.
 Notation: Franklin


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Edward Bridgen, 19 November 1779
From: Bridgen, Edward
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Sir
London Novr 19 1779
The letter you favoured me with dated Octr. 2 never reached me untill the 15th. Currant therefore for the future I beg my letters may be addressed to Bridgen & Waller In London with a Small B just under the Seal and sent under cover A Monsieur Monsr. J: B: Hermans au Bureau de la poste A Anvers and though Antwerp is a little round about they will come safe. I am vastly pleased with the Motto’s for the Medals will you permit me to add one? The safety of the State is in the Jealousy of the People. I don’t mean these exact words but the Sentiment ought to be daily inculcated. Our Worthy Friend Dr. P: just called in upon me last night just as I had wrote it down, and approved of it much and was greatly delighted with the Motto Thoughts. I have again consulted the Workman and Find if a quantity can be taken off those Plates, I can deliver them free on Board for Six pounds Sterling per Hundred weight id est 112 lb (?) Per Ct Package included and I can get 8 Ton done per Month. I herewith send you 2 others a little polished to Shew the Metal in a Better dress the one is an ounce the other an half ounce weight. And if the one was to pass for a halfpenny or the 108th part of a Dollar and the other for a penny or 54th part of a Dollar they would be less liable to be counterfeited and be 33⅓ Per Cent: more valuable than the English copper Coin and 58 Per Ct: more than those Coined for Virginia many Years ago; in Short, whether you have the Size of Farthings, halfpenny’s, or Pennys, if a quantity is ordered and I have good Bills of Exchange on the delivery or Liberty to draw at 2 Usance when I send the Bill of Lading they shall be done to any Size you order and Allways the best Metal and the Sooner I have the order the better however I beg to know as soon as possible or when you can guess such orders may arrive. The Snake would be a good Emblim on the reverse it is already very properly in use. The Worthies have not a more Sincere well wisher than my Patty and consequently she is much yours tho: in a very poor State of health; I am allways well & happy when my friends are so. I thank you much for your Attention to Mr Sterry he is worthy of it. As to Politics you know I am an ignorant Fellow so you must not expect them from Me But you may ever expect to find in me My Dr Sir A faithful & affect. Friend
 Notation: E. Bridgen 19 Novr. 1779


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Madame Brillon, 19 [November?] 1779
From: Brillon de Jouy, Anne-Louise Boivin d’Hardancourt
To: Franklin, Benjamin

ce 19 [November, 1779?] a passy
La vie de l’homme est bien courte, et pourtant il désire sans césse ce qui l’abbrége: enfant, il veut éstre grand garçon; marié il veut avoir des enfants; il ne les à pas obtenu qu’il désire les voir grandis ensuitte il désire leur établissement; plante t’il, il voudroit déja jouir de l’ombre de ses arbres; bastit il, dés la fondation de son bastiment il voudroit en éstre a la couvérture; voyage t’il, il voudroit éstre arrivé; arrivé il voudroit repartir; c’est cependant l’éstre le plus parfait de la nature, celui qu’elle a doué de préférence de cette raison tant vantée et si peu pratiquée; moi mesme tout en critiquant ces désirs si univérséls et si vains, je n’en suis pas plus a l’abbri qu’un autre; je désire retournér a passy pour y revoir mon bon papa, je voudrois éstre plus vieille de huit jours pour me retrouvér prés de lui; je voudrois éstre plus vieille de tout le tems nécéssaire pour voir la libérté de l’amérique entiérement consollidée; je ne puis n’y avançér, n’y recullér le temp; il coulle sans s’embarrassér de mes projéts, de mes desirs, il les emporte avéc ceux du genre humain; il anéantit, détruit tout; ambition, grandeur, états florissants, s’oublient dans les temps; lui seul subsiste et suis sa routte: qu’estce que le temp? éh que nous importe! plaignons nous en moins; jouissons en davantage; pérdons en le moins possible; ne regréttons point le passé; sçachons méttre a proffit le présent, et prenons des précautions pour l’avenir; surtout employons tous nos moments a devenirs sages et a bien aimér nos amis; ce dérniér article est peut estre le seul sur lequèl je n’ai rien a me reprochér; depuis que le temp roulle, pérsonne surement n’aima mieux et plus que moi:
 Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur Le Docteur Franklin / a Passy prés paris


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Comte de Vergennes, 19 November 1779
From: Vergennes, Charles Gravier, comte de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

à Versles le 19. 9bre. 1779
Jai lhonneur de vous envoyer, M, un mémoire qui m’a eté présenté par M. le Bon. [Baron] de Holzendorf; vous y verrez que cet officier forme quelques repétitions à la charge du Congres; je vous prie de vouloir bien les examiner, et si elle vous paroissent justes, je vous prie de les appuyer de vos bons offices. Vous obligerez par là particulierement M. le Pce. danhalt-Coethen qui prend un interet particulier a M. le Bon. de Holzendorf.
M. franklin.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Jacques-Donatien Le Ray de Chaumont, 20 November 1779
From: Chaumont, Jacques-Donatien Le Ray de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Passi ce 20. 9bre. 1779.
Chaumont a L’honneur d’envoyer a S. Ex. M. Franklin unne Lettre et un Memoire d’observations qu’il vient de Recevoir et qui pouroient estre utils a M. Landais dont la Reputation Souffre de touttes les Relations mises dans Les gazettes.
S. Ex. voudra Bien prescrire a M. de Chaumont L’usage qu’il peut faire ou doit faire de ces Lettres et memoires.
 Notation: M. de Chaumont Nov. 20. 1779.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Robert Montgomery, 20 November 1779
From: Montgomery, Robert
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir
Alicante 20th Nov: 1779
I Beg Lave to Refer your Eccellency to My Respects of the 2d Currt. Which Inclosed Copy of the Count de Floridablanca’s Letter to this Governour in My favour. And Since ’am Honourd by your Truly Esteemd of the 28th: Ulto. And ’am to Return you My Sincerest Thanks for the Attention you ware Pleased to Shew to my former Requests in your Interceeding with the Count de Aranda for my Releif from the Repeated Vexations I have Received Since the Declaration of War by Spain Against England.
I Must Own Sir, that you Might Justly Suppose you had some Room to Suspect My Conduct here when you heard I had been a Second time Agrieved by Order of the Count de Ricla, this I in Some Measure brought on My Self by taking Liberty to Rally the Govr. Counsillor on My Late Arestment Saying it was Something Extraordinary he Could Mistake the House of a Freind for the Ships of an Enemy Alluding to the Kings Orders to Seize All the English Ships found in his Ports after which I found he Made Several Representations to Count de Ricla until he Obtaind the Last Mentiond Order Which Brought Me to Madrid and Sn Ildefonso Where the Count de Floridablanca (Who has in a Very Perticular Manner been my freind) Gave me Immediate orders to Return to My House. I have found Means to Make this Counsillor (if I may Call him such) My freind Also And haveing far Exceeded the Proofs Required on my Part by the Minister I have No farther Apprehension of being Molested in future.
I Now take the Liberty of Handing you Copy of the Gov’s: Letter to the Minister in Answer to that Already Transmitted you Where in it Appears he is Perfectly Satisfyed With the Justfycations I have Made Which are by a Number of the first Merchents here by all the Publick Brockers and by the Late English Vice Consul (who is a spaniard) that I have Always Declared myself and been Considerd an American Since My first Coming here, that being Apply’d to by the English Consul on business of his office Whilst here I Repeatedly Refused to know him for Any thing I Also Prove by the Governours Secretary and Others in that office that on My first Establishment I Enrol’d my Self on the List of Foraign Merchants An American and have Also Proved that My House Since my first Establishment has been Vulgarly Called the American House And Not anything has ever been offerd in Contra to Any of thos Circumstances, and As to My Credit as a Merchent and a Man of Probity I beg lave to Refer you to Hope & Co. Muilman & Son and Wernier Hartsinck & Wernier Amsterdam to Sr John Lambert and Mr Grand in Paris and to Almost Any Bancker of Repute in Madrid, Joyes & Sons and Casamayor & Co. are those I do Business With. In Philadelphia there Are fwe Men in Trade that do not Know Me, Mr Joseph Wharton when I had the Honour of Seeing you was at Passy and your Excely May Remember he Pay’d Me Perticular Attention and Since I have Many of his Letters I have been thus Prolex in Order to Eradicate Every Suspition that Might have Arrose with you in My Particular as I yet hope to Serve and be Served by My Countrey and am Determind My Caracter Shall be like that of Ceaser’s Wife, Interm I have the Honour to be Sir Your Eccellency’s Most Obedient Most Humble Servent
Robt Montgomery
His Eccy the Honorable Benjamin Franklin Esqr
 Notation: Montgomery 20. Novr. 1779.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Stephen Sayre, 21 November 1779
From: Sayre, Stephen
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir
Amsterdam 21 Novr. 1779
The Bearer, Capn Hodgson, wishes to be known to your Excellency, & may want some assistance, in his way to America—
He will explain his Situation particularly Capn. Grenel, who comes with him, also merits any aid & civility that can be due to our best Friends.
Give me leave to request, once more, that the Comn. for a Letter of Marque may be sent by the first post— I have waited with impatience, but no such thing has yet been sent to Mr Du Maa, as was proposed—
Your Grand Son made a memorandum to forward it by the next post after my departure— I am with real respect your Excellencys most humble Servant
Stephen Sayre
To save time pray let the Comn. be sent to Messrs De Neufville & son—

 Addressed: To his Excellency / Benj: Franklin Esqr / Minister of the United / States of America / Paris
Notation: Sayre. Nov. 21. 79


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to J.C. de Berger, 22 November 1779
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Berger, J.C. de

Sir
Passy, Nov. 22. 1779.
All the American Armies being arranged and full of Officers, a long time Since, in so much that many who have gone thither from Europe have been obliged to return for want of Employ, I cannot give the least encouragement to you or your Cousin to go to America with the purpose of entring into our service. I can only thank you for your good will to our Cause, and wish you success in something more likely to be advantageous to you both. I have the honour to be sir &c.
M J.C. De Berger Capitaine au service de sa Maje. Britannique at Münster in Westphalie.


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Francis Coffyn, 22 November 1779
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Coffyn, Francis

Sir
Passy, Nov. 22. 1779.
I imagine Capt. Cunnyngham will be at Dunkerque by the time you receive this. I desire you would furnish him with what Money he may want for his comfortable Subsistance while he Stays at Dunkerque.
Inclosed I Send you a Complaint I received from some of the People of the Black Prince, and request you or Mr. Torris, would ease me of Such Trouble, I having really nothing to do with the Payment of those People. I have not heard what was done with the new Commissions, I Sent you, or whether the Cruize of the Black Prince and Princess took place or was laid aside.
With great Esteem, I have the honour to be &c.
Mr. Coffin


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Gustavus Conyngham, 22 November 1779
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Conyngham, Gustavus

Sir
Passy, Nov. 22. 1779.
It gave me great Pleasure to hear of your Escape, out of Prison, which I first learnt from 6. of the men who broke out with you, and came to france in a Boat. I was then Anxious lest you should be retaken, and I am very glad indeed to hear of your safe Arrival at Amsterdam. I think it will be best for you to Stay awhile at Dunkirk till we see what becomes of the Little Squadron from holland, for which it is Said the English are lying in wait with a superior force. The Congress resented exceedingly the inhuman Treatment you met with, and it ordered three English officers to be confined in the Same manner who were to abide your fate.
There are some french Men return’d to Dunkirk who were put by you into one of your first Prizes, which was afterwards carried into England. I wish you would adjust their Claims of Wages, Prize money &c. and put them in a way of getting what may be due to them.
I write to Mr. Coffin by this Post, to supply you with Necessaries. You will be as frugal as possible, Money being scarce with me, and the Calls upon me abundant.
With great Esteem, I have the honour to be Sir, &c.
Capt. Cunnyngham.


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Ingenhousz, 22 November 1779
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Ingenhousz, Jan

Dear sir
Passy, Nov. 22. 1779.
I received yours of the 18th. and see with great Pleasure that you have been able to break the Enchantment that fix’d you so long in England, and have once more set foot on the continent with intent to visit Paris. You may be assured of meeting the Same kind Welcome at Mr De Chaumonts and I have besides a Bed &c. at your service if you Should rather chuse to be with me. I thank you for the Care you have taken in Bringing the Parcel, and giving me notice of it, that I may enquire for it. As I hope soon for the Happiness of seeing and conversing with you. I now only add that I am ever, with sincerest Esteem and affection Dear sir, Your &c.
Dr. Ingenhouses, a L’hotel de Londres à Bruxelles.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Madame Brillon, 22 [November] 1779
From: Brillon de Jouy, Anne-Louise Boivin d’Hardancourt
To: Franklin, Benjamin

ce 22 [November, 1779] a la thuillerie
J’ai reçu ce matin votre seconde léttre mon bon papa, je n’ai pû lire sans attendrissement que vous aviés été malade; consérvés vous! Le bonheur de vos amis, le repos, la gloire de l’amérique l’éxigent: j’irai vous rétrouver jeudi vingt cinq, je compte arrivér pour disnér, vous diraisje le plaisir que j’aurai a vous revoir, non cela se sent et ne s’éxprime jamais qu’imparfaittement; déscendés en votre coeur, vous y trouvérés la vérité; cétte vérité que notre imagination nous peint sous tant de couleurs ne se trouve que là; si l’homme avant de se conduire, avant de faire télle ou t’elle action intérogeoit son coeur, tous les hommes seroient bons, et autant heureux que leur impérféction phisique et morale leur pérmest de l’éstre; mon bon papa j’ai assès l’habitude de consultér le mien, il ne me reproche rien dans l’amitié que j’ai pour vous, il me dit au contraire qu’il faut s’attachér aux sages pour devenir sage et que plus je vous aimerai plus j’y gagnerai de toutes maniéres je me laisse donc allér a ce doux penchant, et je vous le dis avéc franchise: adieu mon aimable papa, recevés les hommages de ma bonne mére de mon frére du pére pagin de mes enfants, et pérméttés que nous fassions mil amitiés a mr votre fils:
 Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur Le Docteur franklin ./. / à Passy, près Paris.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Claude-Mammès de Pahin Champlain de La Blancherie, 22 November 1779
From: La Blancherie, Claude-Mammès Pahin de Champlain de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur,
Paris Le 22 9bre. 1779
Accablé des affaires qui sont la suite des vacances, et de celles que la reprise de mon travail occasionne, Je n’ai que le temps de faire recommander à votre protection et de vous prier de couvrir de votre œgyde, l’Etablissement qui en est l’objet; ayant lhonneur de vous remercier infiniment de tous les témoignages que vous lui en avez déja donné, et dont je fais ma gloire et ma récompense.
Je vous Supplie aussi Monsieur d’honnorer de votre présence la prochaine assemblée du mercredi 24.
Il m’est tres doux de vous demander une grace, puisqu’elle me procure l’occasion de vous faire ma cour, et de mettre à vos pieds les hommages du profond respect avec lequel je Suis Monsieur, le Docteur, de Votre Excellence Votre trés humble et trés obéissant Serviteur
La Blancherie
M. franklin.
 Notation: La Blancherie 22 9bre. 1779.—


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to [Pierre Delaunay?] des Landes, 23 November 1779
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Deslandes, Pierre Delaunay

Sir
Passy, Nov. 23. 1779.
Not understanding well enough the french language and the technical Terms used in the Description of your Observatory, I cannot form, from the description such an Idea of its Situation and Circumstances, as might enable to me to Answer the Questions you propose to me. But as my Learned and Ingenious friend Mr. LeRoy, Member of the Academy of Sciences, is perfectly well acquainted with the Subject, I have put your Paper into his hands, and request the favour of him to give you the Information you desire. I have the honour to be Sir &c.
A M. Des Landes


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from William Hodgson, 23 November 1779
From: Hodgson, William
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Sir
London 23d Novr. 1779
The redress of some grievances under which the American Prisoners at Forton laboured, called me this morning to the office of the Commissioners for Sick & Hurt. During the Time of our Subscription I have had frequent occasion to attend them & in the main have found them Men disposed to act as fairly & openly as cou’d well be expected & I cannot but be of the Opinion but that your unhappy People who have been so long confined might have been liberated long eer this, had a proper understanding been had betwixt you & them, this Sr. will be an Apology for the trouble I am going to give you, I had after my particular business was dispatched, much Conversation with them relative to the future proposed Exchange, founded upon their Letter to Mr Hartley dated the 15th Instant— I stated to them that I thought there was an Ambiguity in the Letter, whether it was the Intention of the board to send the Cartel to Morlaix under the present Circumstances, or to wait your further Answer & Specification of Numbers & Name of Agent. I understood however very clearly that they do not mean to send any Vessell to Morlaix untill your Answer returns. I further understood it to be clearly their Resolution not to send more men to Morlaix than you had Prisoners there to be returned by her— I mentioned to them the Crews of the Serapis & C of Scarbro captured by P. Jones. I found that the objection against sending to the Texel was that those Vessells & their Crewes might possibly be retaken on their Return to Dunkirk or elsewhere, but that if those prisoners were arrived in France at whatever port, on receiving a passport for a Vessell they woud immediately send & exchange as far as their Numbers woud go— Mr Hartley being out of Town & mentioning to Mr Digges these Circumstances he thought I had best inform you of them. Tis needless for me to assure you that I shall be very happy of doing anything in my power to facilitate the Exchange of these unhappy long confined Men & that you may command me in any thing relative thereto— We drunk your Health at Slaughters twice a Month & woud flatter ourselves with the Hopes of yet seeing you again. I am very Respectfully Dr sr yr &c
William Hodgson
P.S. A Letter to Guill: Hodgson & Compa will come very safe.

 Addressed: Dr. Franklin
Notation: Hodgson Novr. 23. 1779


Title: Statement by French Officers and Petty Officers of Jones’s Squadron: résumé, 24 November 1779
From:
To:

<November 24, 1779, in French: We, the officers and petty officers of the Pallas transferred to the Serapis and of the Vengeance transferred to the Countess of Scarborough certify that Mr. Paul Jones turned over the Serapis to Mr. Cottineau de Kerloguen in a frightful state, more resembling an abandoned ship than one fit for service. First, he left his crew in a mutinous state because they were drunk from the brandy left with them. Cottineau and Mr. Chamillard were able to recall the French volunteers to their duty and with their aid forced the sailors at swordpoint to go aboard the Alliance. It took three days to survey the Serapis but this could not be properly verified because there was no inventory and the ship was in horrible confusion; Cottineau signed a rough one in order to end his dealings with Jones.
The Serapis was so filthy that no one could remain below decks. The holds were in disarray with 150 empty water casks, no bread or liquor, no provisions for holding prisoners, no cables or lines, gun batteries and upper masts unrepaired, tools and small arms broken and scattered about, a third of the running rigging missing, and only a few of the yards intact. The decks were encumbered to a man’s height, lamps broken, no ship’s boats left except for an unusable dinghy, no padlocks on the hatches so everything was open. The volunteers were partly naked, especially the wounded and sick. According to the volunteers, people had been removing vital effects from the ship to the Alliance for the three preceding days.
Upon comparing the missing items to those needed, Cottineau declared the Serapis unseaworthy. In order to save time Cottineau decided to take what he could from the Pallas and order the remainder from Amsterdam.

  We also certify that the mainmast is made from unseasoned wood, lacks iron bands to hold it together, and is poorly supported because the shrouds are too short.>


Title: Chaumont’s Memoir on the Dispute between Jones and Landais: résumé, [after 24 November 1779]
From: Chaumont
To:

<[after November 24, 1779], in French, under the heading “faits entre M. Jones et Landais”: Jones and Landais have been locked in bitter dispute since the Bonhomme Richard collided with the Alliance during their first cruise from Lorient; Jones’s slowness in convening a council of war to terminate the quarrels between Landais and the officers of the Alliance caused them to ferment. It continued during the second cruise when part of Jones’s crew deserted to the coast of Ireland. Landais became suspect to Jones, who ever since has believed that Landais deliberately failed to respond to his signals and separated from him. He did not so accuse the other captains who became separated, and, like Landais, later rejoined the squadron. He charged Landais with planning to abandon the Pallas if a ship they were pursuing proved to be a 50-gun warship; it was actually the Bonhomme Richard. The combat of September 23 against the Serapis and Countess of Scarborough with its horrors could be expected to make him more upset with Landais. No action could have been better suited to eliciting the bravery of Captain Jones; it could be said that anyone else would have succumbed to the danger of sinking or burning, even with the hope of being helped by another frigate from the squadron. It was Landais who brought this help and ended the battle with three volleys, the last of which caused the Serapis to strike her colors. The Serapis and Bonhomme Richard being locked together, it would have been difficult to avoid also hitting the Bonhomme Richard, particularly with grapeshot ricocheting off the Serapis’ cannon. Landais, however, gave the order to aim carefully at the Serapis, that order was repeated all over the ship, and the Serapis was clearly identified. Landais has given the most authentic evidence disproving the monstrous allegation that he fired on Captain Jones. He has perfectly explained how the Bonhomme Richard was holed below the waterline on the side opposite the Serapis. The Serapis’ continual firing at the same location opened a hole through which her last shots passed at an angle and penetrated the opposite side at or below the waterline. The heat of combat and his predisposition against Landais misled Jones and he had no time to reflect on what had happened. His retraction in the Gazette de Leyde is incomplete in this regard and merely proves one should not credit his first account. It was on that basis, however, that Landais has been summoned to Paris, Mr. Franklin being asked to send for him, above all to ascertain if the loss of the Bonhomme Richard could be attributed to his slowness in giving assistance. Franklin owes that satisfaction to the French government since the Bonhomme Richard belonged to the King, who paid all the expedition’s expenses. Landais has acquitted himself with frankness, but still fears he will be condemned by everyone, even Franklin. It is not possible to give a fair judgment by such informal means, therefore he should be sent before qualified judges. It was agreed that when the squadron reached the Texel Captain Jones, having lost his ship, had the right to choose another, and this had to be the Alliance, since it was the only American one. As it would be dangerous for Landais to embark on the same vessel, he must await the first conveyance the United States can provide him. His salary will not cease, as he has provided a satisfactory defence and in all other regards he merits praise for his ability, gallantry, and absolute probity.>


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Duc de la Vauguyon, [25?] November 1779
From: La Vauguyon, Paul-François de Quélen de Stuer de Caussade, duc de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Lahaye ce [25?] 9bre. 1779
J’ay fait part Monsieur a M. Johnes des intentions du Roy que m’a trans mis M. de Sartines et que vous luy avez annoncé devoir Luy etre communiquées par moy.
Je ne scaurois rendre un temoignage trop avantageux a la conduite qu’il a tenu dans cette occasion, elle ajoute encor a L’estime que sa valeur m’avoit inspiré pour luy. Toutes ses representations se sont reduites a solliciter que son equipage ne fut pas privé des Droits qu’il a sur les prises, et que ses prisonniers fussent echangés contre des americains; je luy ay promis de me joindre a luy et a vous auprès de M de Sartines pour obtenir toute la satisfaction qu’il desire a cet egard et je l’ai assuré que j’aurois l’honneur de vous informer et de sa demande et de ma promesse. Je profite avec bien de l’empressement de cette occasion de vous renouveller lassurance de la profonde estime pour vos vertus et vos talents dont j’etois penetré avant de vous connoitre ainsi que de l’attachement inviolable que vous mavez inspiré depuis que j’ay cet honneur et avec lequel j’ay celuy d’etre Monsieur Votre tres humble et tres obeissant serviteur
Le Duc De Lavauguyon
M. franklin
 Notation: Duc de la Vauguyon Nov. 1779


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Jean de Neufville & fils, 25 November 1779
From: Neufville, Jean de, & fils
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Honourd Sir
Amsterdam the 25h. Nov: 1779
How favourable matters stood here in regard to the American Comodor, we had the honour to mention to your Excellence; we convey however to night to Mr. Dumas a copey of the last resolution taken by the states in this respect during the Absence of the French Ambassador from the Hague; of which however we hope he will prevent the effect; it contains the same intentions shown by the former not to meddle with the prises brought in here; butt that Jones, not to stay the whole winter here shall be desired to go out again with them; how sorry are we not in particular for the American cause that this could not be prevented; as it would have been an intire triumph to our wishes if Mr. Jones had been departed before this resolution came on; and we dare Say it surprised everybody as the most unexpected. It was carried by the Nobility and ten voting Cities of very little importance in the Republicq against six other Cities of greater importance, which have all protested against that resolution and what might be done in consequence, among those the City of Amsterdam hath sustained the importance of the Matter, as she should conform to her own dignity; so we hope again this matter may take a good turn, and that even those Contestations may tend to promote the sooner the great desired event. Since they are gone we heard nothing neither from Mr Dumas nor Mr Jones, by which we suppose they are now arranging matters in conformity to the arrangement made here.
We have the honour to be with all possible regard Honourd Sir. Your Excellencys most Obedient and devoted Servts
John DE Neufville & Son
 Notation: Neuville & fils 25 Nov. 1779


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Robert Montgomery, 26 November 1779
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Montgomery, Robert

Sir
Passy, Nov. 26. 1779.
I am glad to learn by yours of the 3d. Instant, that you are at length quieted in your situation at Allicant by the favour of his Catholic Majesty. I hope nothing will happen hereafter, neither on your part nor any other; that may give occasion to disturb you afresh and interrupt your Business.
It is long since we have had any authentic News from america, We know nothing yet of the Situation of Count d’Estaing, since the middle of September, when it is said he was left off North Carolina, steering Northward. With good Wishes for your Prosperity, I have the honour to be Sir &c.
Mr. Rob. Montgomery, Merht. at Alicant.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Thomas Digges, 26 November 1779
From: Digges, Thomas
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dr. Sir
26th. Nov 79
I risque a letter in the common post in order to forward you the Kings Speech— I wish it had been couchd in terms more likely to produce the blessings of Peace.
His Majestys Speech &ca Novr 25. 79. My Lords & Gentlemen I meet you in Parliament at a time when we are calld upon by every principle of Duty, and every consideration of Interest, to exert Our united Efforts in the support & defence of Our Country, attackd by an unjust and unprovokd war, and contending with one of the most dangerous Confederacies that ever was formd against the Crown & People of Great Britain.
The Designs and attempts of our Enemies to invade this Kingdom, have, by the blessing of Providence, been hitherto frustrated & disapointed. They still menace Us with great Armaments & Preparations; But we are, I trust, on our Part, well prepard to meet every attack, & repel every Insult. I know the Character of my brave People: The Menaces of their Enemies, & the approach of Danger, have no other Effects on their minds, but to animate their Courage, and to call forth that national spirit, which has so often checkd, and defeated, the projects of Ambition and Injustice, and Enabled the British Fleets & armies to protect their own Country, to vindicate their own rights, and at the same time, to uphold & preserve, the Liberties of Europe, from the restless & encroaching Power of the House of Bourbon. In the midst of my care & solicitude for the safety & welfare of this Country, I have not been innatentive to the State of my Loyal and Faithful Kingdom of Ireland. I have in consequence of your Address, presented to me in the last session, orderd such papers to be collected and laid before you, as may assist your Deliberations, on this important Business; and I recommend it to you to consider what further Benefits and advantages may be extended to that Kingdom, by such regulations, and such Methods, as may most effectually, promote the common strength, wealth, & Interests of all my Dominions.
Genn. of the Ho Commons
The proper Estimates shall, in due time, be laid before you. I see with extreem concern, that the necessary Establishments of my Naval & military Forces, and the various services and operations of the ensuing year, must innevitably be attended with great & heavy Expences; but I rely on Your Wisdom & publick Spirit for such supplies, as the circumstances & Exegencies of our Affairs shall be found to require.
My Lords & Gentlemen I have great satisfaction in receiving the assurances of my intire approbation of the good Conduct and discipline of the Militia, & of their steady Perseverance in their Duty; and I return my Cordial thanks to all ranks of my loyal Subjects who have stood forth in this arduous Conjuncture, & by their zeal, their Influence, & their personal service, have given confidence as well as strength to the national Defence. Trusting in the Divine Providence, & in the justice of my Cause, I am firmly resolvd to prosecute the war with vigour, & to make every exertion, in order to compel our Enemies to listen to equitable Terms of Peace and accomodation.
This finishing part needs no comment from me— Our wicked Rulers seem to be determind to risque the last stake, and if this Country does not become a bankrupt by prosecuting so impolitic a War, it will have more luck than it seemingly deserves; & nothing will make them give up the American War but some decisive blow against their Armys in N York or Rd Island. The Debates in both Houses on the amendment, were, on the part of oposition, more bold and argumentative than I have before heard, and I think the Court party cut a more despicable figure even in argument than I ever before heard; They however carryd it according to Custom, 90 to 41 in the Lords, and 233 to 134 in the Commons. No further changes in the ministry than from bad to worse. Lord Gower & Weymouth out in Disgust, and succeeded by Lord Bathurst & Hillsborough—Lord Stormont in Lord Suffolks place & the Chancellor Thurlow so crabid and churlish as to give items He will be soon out; to make it compleat they should put your old friend Wed——n at the head of the Law.

I got Mr. H——n to write you lately the State of the Cartel, now stopd for the specification of numbers, places where, &ca., & the agents name; as every thing is done by Contract & pr. month no wonder if it is delayd much longer.
I find that the man whom You desird me to supply & who has since left his Lodgings, has exceeded what I expected. The Genn whom I desird to help him at P——, writes me, he has done it to the amot. of 51:7:6 and He had in money, & other expences here, between twenty eight & 29 Guineas of me. I shall write to Him to riemburse You & forward the accot very soon: The overplus sum I shall draw for as usual, and include therein the amount of the things I am collecting for Mr. W. T. F. which He writes me he has yr. orders may be placd to His accot. As there are a great number in his order, & by sundry Authors, they are not yet collected but will be soon got & shippd as He desird—please to mention this to Him. You will also oblige me very much by mentioning to Mr. S. W —— that I recd his orders for the books & that they will go in a day or two directed to Mr Bowers at Ostend I keep them back for the last no. of the Remr. which I shall get to day. I am very truly yrs. mo Respectfully
V. J Drouillard
 Notation: Nov. 26 Digges 79


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Arnold-Barthélemy Beerenbroek, 27 November 1779
From: Beerenbroek, Arnold-Barthélemy
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Paris Novembr the 27. [1779]
Dr Beerenbroek presents his Respects to Dr Franklin; begs the favor to be informed if Dr Ingenhousz is in Paris, & desires to know his address.
Dr Beerenbroek has just received a Letter from London in which it is mentioned that Dr Ingenhousz has left London lately, & that he is gone over to the continent; he will therefor be much obliged to Dr Franklin if he can let him [know] whether Dr Ingenhousz is in Paris.
His directions are: a L’hotel Dhambourg, rue des boucheries. quartier St Germain.
 Addressed: Monsieur / Monsieur Franklin / Ministre plenipotentiaire / &a &a. / a Passy
Notation: Dr. Beerenbroek Paris 27. novembre.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from John Evans, 27 November 1779
From: Evans, John
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Your Excellency
Angers. 27 November 1779
I hope will excuse the liberty I take which the Rigours of a tedious captivity has compelled me to. The inclosed is a letter from a gentleman of your acquaintance And a friend of mine, he has laid an injunction on me to forward it to Your Excellency in hopes through yr. interest to procure me A pass to return to england and your Excellency will See by the perusal that Sr. Edward Newenham and Mr. Green will be my security to procure a man of this Contry his liberty of the same station. Sr. Yr. Compliance In this will at all times merite the prayers of a Distressed family occasioned by the calamities of war and Them of yr. very Obt. Humble Sert
John Evans
Sr. I most humble intreat your answer as soon as convenient. I was taken on the 6th of Decemr, last in the Vigilant of Bristol John Marshal Commander by the L’orient & Artisan Ships of War and carried into Brest. My Station on board that Ship was Master—
 Notation: Evans John 7. Novr. 1779.


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Beerenbroek, 28 November 1779
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Beerenbroek, Arnold-Barthélemy

Passy, Nov. 28. 1779.
Mr. Franklin presents his Compliments to Dr. Beerenbrock and acquaints him that Dr. Ingenhausz is not yet arrived at Paris, but is expected in two or three Weeks he having written from Brussels that Such was his Intention, as soon as he arrives Mr. Franklin will acquaint Dr. Beerenbrock.
Dr. Beerenbrock.


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to John Dalton et al., 28 November 1779
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Dalton, John

Gentlemen
Passy, Nov. 28. 1779.
Upon the Receipt of your Letter dated at Cudent the 11th. Instant, I immediatly apply’d to the Minister in your Behalf, who has given Orders that you Should be set at Liberty. You did not mention whether the Boat you came over in was one you hired, or that you took. If the Latter, you are at Liberty to sell the same and divide the Money among you to furnish your selves with necessaries. I cannot find in the Map such a Place as Cudant, and doubt you have mistaken the Name so that I know not where to send you any relief. I send this Letter to Coutances hoping that may be the place you mean. If you can get to Nantes the agent there will relieve you. You will probably find some american Vessel at Nantes or L’orient. I Send you a Copy of the Minister’s Letter to me relating to you, which you may Show to the Magistrates that committed you to Prison, if the Minister’s Orders are not arrived, which Perhaps from the Uncertainty of the Place may be the Case. I am, Gent. Y. m. o. h. S.
6. Sailors.


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Jean de Neufville & fils, 28 November 1779
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Neufville, Jean de, & fils

Gentlemen.
Passy Nov. 28. 1779.
I received the Letter you did me the honour to write to me by the last Post, (it is without Date) and am glad to hear that Commodore Jones was so well fitted and ready for sailing. I hope he will arrive safe with his Ships in a good Port. I have wrote to Capt. Cunningham at Dunkerque, where he informed me he was soon to be.— The Letter you convey’d to me, seems to be from a Man out of his Senses: I can make nothing of it.—
I have the honour to be, Gentlemen, Your most obedient & most humble Servant.
B Franklin
Mess. J. De Neufville & fils.
 Addressed: Messieurs / Messrs. Jean de Neufville / et Fils, / Negociants / a Amsterdam
Notation: Passy Nov 28. 1779 B: Franklin recu le 7 De rep le


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Sartine, 28 November 1779
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Sartine, Antoine-Raymond-Gualbert-Gabriel de

Passy, Nov. 28. 1779.
I return your Excellency many thanks for your favour in granting Liberty to Capt. Stevenson, and to the six americans who were taken up at Cudant.
There is another American Captain named John Lock, now a Prisoner at Nantes who as I understand was taken in an English Whaling Vessel. Since his being in france he has contracted an acquaintance with a Melle. des Bois, and they intend a Marriage. She is come to Paris to endeavour to procure his liberty, and is recommended to me by Mr. Beaugeard the Treasurer of Bretagne, as your Excellency will see by the enclos’d. By the Letters that have passed between this Captain and the Lady and by her Earnestness in her sollicitations I perceive they are passionate Lovers, and cannot but wish the Obstacles to her Union removed, and that there were a great many more Matches made between the Two Nations, as I fancy they will agree better together in Bed than they do In Ships.— I was unwilling to trouble your Excellency, but I could not refuse the request of this distressed Damsel that I would lay her case before you, and pray you to regard it favourably. You may lose a Prisoner by granting this Grace, but I hope the king will gain by it some good young Subjects. With the greatest respect, I am. &c.
Mr. De Sartine


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Marquis d’Amezaga, [28 November? 1779]
From: Amezaga, Ignace d’Urtado, marquis d’
To: Franklin, Benjamin

[November 28, 1779?]
Mr. Le Ms. Damezaga fait dire à Monsieur de franklin, et à Monsieur son Petit fils, que Mr. Amelot dinne chès Luy demain Lundy 29 9bre.
de la Part de Mr. Damezaga


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Dumas, 28 November 1779
From: Dumas, Charles-Guillaume-Frédéric
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear & honoured Sir
Texel-road 28t. Nov. 1779
This is but to acquaint yr. Excy., that I am still here endeavouring to be useful, & to prevent mistakes & Mischiefs. The Alliance is well manned, provided, & ready to sail with the first fair wind. I hope, ’till he becomes so, the other vessels will be ready too.
There is a resolution of the 17th. Nov., which still refuses the delivering up the prizes to Sir J. Y. 2d memorial, but orders to constrain the Squadron to sail with the 1st. fair wind. Against which last measure, the Cities of Rotterdam, Dort, Schiedam, Harlem, Amsterdam, & Brielle, have got inserted very strong protests, which are followed by a counter-protestation of the Corps des Nobles of this province. At my return at the hague, I hope to send you a translation of this last resolution, which has been taken only by plurality, whilst that of Oct. 21st. has been unanimous.
I am ever with the most respectful attachment Dear & honoured Sir yr. most humble & obedient servant
Dumas
I hope you have received my 2 Letters of the 18th. inst, containing papers of the Commodore, which I left with Mrs. De Neufville & Son
His Excy. B. Franklin

 Addressed: His Excellency / B. Franklin, Esqr., / Min. Plenip. of the U. States / Passy./.
Notation: Dumas Nov. 28. 79


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from John Paul Jones, 29 November 1779
From: Jones, John Paul
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Honoured and dear Sir,
Alliance Texel Novr: 29th: 1779.
Previous to the appearance of your Excellency’s letter of the 8th: Current, I had forwarded thro’ the hands of M. Dumas the Certificates which you required respecting Captain Landais; And the Serapis was ready for Sea when the French Ambassador sent for me a Second time to meet him at Amsterdam.— I hope my Conduct in that interview will met with your Approbation.— I do not well understand the reasons of this alteration; but Mr Dumas who was present can inform you that I have done everything in my power to secure the Prisoners without a quarrel with the Ambassador.— I have an hundred Prisoners on board here among whom are all that were landed & Guarded for three Weeks by our People in the Fort on the Texel.— I shall with this Ship embrace the first fair Wind for L’Orient. I hope to take some good Prizes by the way and on my Arrival there, to meet with your further Orders.— I should have come on board here on the departure of Captain Landais agreeable to your letter of the 18th Ulto: had it not been from a delicacy, as that mistaken Man had said that I had made interest with you to Supercede him in the Command of this Frigate! If he has any sensibility it will be a Sufficient punishment for him to know that ’till the Engagement with the Serapis I was his friend and had never written his Name to you without Saying Something in his favor.— I inclose Copies of the Ambassadors letters in consequence of the late arrangement to the Minister and to yourself together with my letter of thanks.
It is natural for me to wish that the Serapis should become the property of America. It is the best Ship I ever saw of the Kind and would Cost the Continent less than any Frigate that has yet been under our Flagg.— I wish to embrace you once more before I leave Europe—but my private feelings I hope shall never divert my Attention from my Duty.—
With great and Affectionate esteem I am your Excellency’s most obliged and most humble Servant
Jno P Jones
I wrote from Amsterdam the 11th Octor: a letter to you which I fear has miscarried. I have the pleasure to inform you that Captn. Cunningham is now here with me.
His Excellency Benja: Franklin Esqr: &c &c—.

 Notation: Capt. Jones. Nov. 29. 1779


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Thomas Digges, 30 November 1779
From: Digges, Thomas
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dr. Sir
St James’s London Novr 30 79
I gave you a manuscript Copy of the Kings Speech & the debates on the amendment thereon, by last frydays post; Since which I think the general conversation about a vigorous prosecution of the War is very much abated, & the topic now is that the american war must be given up. It is the general opinion, if it is carryd on further, that it will be meerly defensive, from the inability in this Country to send over more troops or spare more ships. It appears that some 8 or 10 Ships are preparing for the relief of Gibraltar—probably after throwing in some supplys to that Garrison to proceed on to the West Indies. I hear of none going to N York. Sir Geo Collier arrivd yesterday from that place. He left it the begining of Novr. and tho His accounts are not authentically given to the public they are nearly as follows— That the Expedn to the Soward 2,000 men under Ld. Cornwallis was laid aside on accot of DEstaign being on the Coast—this Expedition was meant against Chas Town. That Rhode Island is evacuated and the Troops got safe to N York. That Sr. Jas Wallace in the Experiment was taken by D Estaigns Fleet and that all the out posts save those of the narrows on Statten Island, at Kings Bridge were calld in, & that the City of N York was put in a perfect state of Defence.
Altho Sir Geo saild so late as the 4th Novr. there was nothing certain as to where DEstagnes fleet was. The last probable accot. of it is from the Crew of the Gen Glover privateer now confind in Portsmo who was with the fleet the 14. 15. & 16th Sept. in Latte. 39 and Long: 64. This privateer was taken the 20th by the frigate wch brot over Adm Byron.
I have seen some Pensa. Papers by the Packet but find nothing materially worth mentioning but what you have below. Under an article from Chas Town So Caroa. it appears that DEstaigns fleet 26 sail Line, 20 frigates, & 3 Corvettes were at anchor the 2d. off Tybee. A Frigate had been sent to the Town with advices of this & pilots were sent to DEstaign— The Article says there were High Winds on the 4th. which woud probably oblige the fleet to stand off to Sea— There is also an accot of the Death of Wm. H. Drayton.
A Vessel arrivd at Bedford in N England also gives accots that she saild with DEstaigns fleet as above from St Domingo & left him in Latt 25. and Long 70 & that He was bound to Georgia & So Carolina & thence to the Noward. An Article from Chatham Octor. 5 says that Gen Phillips & Gen Reidsell and their suit arrivd there the 30 Sept— They had been as far as Eliza Town on Parole, but were orderd to Chatham by Congress there to wait further orders. By this it would seem an Exchange had begun or was likely to open. Another article says His Excelly J. Jay, late Prest: of Congress is appointed Plenipo to the Court of Spain in the Room of Arr. Lee Esqr recalld; and that Wm. Carmichael Esqr. is Secretary to the Commission.
Octor. 3. Monsieur Gerrard, accompanyd by Silas Deane Esqr., passd thro Norris Town on His way to Boston, where He intends to embark for France.— Two Proclamations from Gov Tryon & one from Arbuthnot, relative to the Spanish Declaration & to induce the people to fit out armd vessels agt. the trade of Spain &ca. &ca. It appears by Arbuthnots that they are in want of Seamen.— Nothing material has been yet done in Parliamt. Lord Shelburn is to make a motion on Wedny relative to Ireland & the state of things in the Wt Indies. Yesterday, there was no business done in conseqe of a Duel between Mr Fox & Mr Adam on acco. of some expressions in debate from the former to the latter. Mr Fox is slightly wounded in the Belly only a scratch, & the other man seems to be much blamd.
The above mentiond Gentn. Mr. J—— and Mr. C——l will naturally be with you prior to their setting down at the port of their destination— I would esteem it a favr. in you to mention me to them & to give Mr. C——l my direction. I have frequently written to him both before & since he left Europe, & am very ready & willing to do them any services here. I am well acquainted in the Country they are going to, & have some transactions of import in the merchantile way as well for a certain public body as for private individuals where they come from, in which they may be assisting—
I am with Gt truth & sincerity Yr very obligd & ob st.
Willm Ross
 Addressed: Monsieur / Monsieur B. F—
Notation: Digges Nov 30 79


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Sartine, 30 November 1779
From: Sartine, Antoine-Raymond-Gualbert-Gabriel de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Versailles le 30. 9bre. 1779.
J’ai reçu, Monsieur, avec la lettre que vous m’avez fait l’honneur de m’écrire le 28. de ce mois celle qui vous a été adressée par M. Beaugeard qui desiroit obtenir la liberté du Sieur John Lock Capitaine Americain pris sur le Bâtiment Anglois le Sidney et detenu dans les Prisons de Nantes. D’après l’intérêt que vous prenez à ce Capitaine en faveur du Mariage qu’il se propose de contracter avec une Delle. DesBois, je me determinerai volontiers à lui accorder la liberté qui lui est necessaire pour former cet Etablissement. Je dois cependant vous observer que ce prisonnier m’avoit été demandé par la Cour de Londres, qu’au moment où je lui faisois délivrer un passeport pour repasser en angleterre, on a reconnu qu’il s’étoit échappe en manquant à sa parole d’honneur et qu’il avoit enlevé une Demoiselle que je suppose facilement être celle qui sollicite vivement Sa liberté. Sa Conduite m’a forcé de le faire arrêter et vous penserez sans doute, Monsieur, que je ne puis reunir ces deux personnes sans connoitre les intentions de la famille de la Demoiselle, qu’un ordre prématuré paroitroit autoriser la Conduite de ce prisonnier qui doit m’être suspecte et que l’ordre de la Societé exige que je ne rende pas légérement à un prisonnier les moyens d’abuser de la Confiance d’une famille et peut être de celle de la personne qu’il a Séduite. Je demande des éclaircissemens plus positifs sur cette affaire, et S’il n’y a pas d’obstacles qui s’opposent au desir que j’aurois de favoriser les liens qui pourront unir les deux Nations, Je m’empresserai de donner des Ordres pour faire sortir le Sieur Lock de la Prison où il est detenu.
J’ai l’honneur d’etre avec la Consideration la plus distinguée, Monsieur, votre tres humble et tres obeissant Serviteur
(signé) De Sartine.
M. Franklin.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Gustavus Conyngham, 1 December 1779
From: Conyngham, Gustavus
To: Franklin, Benjamin

honourable Sr.
texel Road, Decmbr. 1. 79.
I wrote you last from Amsterdam at that time enformed of my Going to dunkirk but Meetting with Comd. Jones preventted me, and supposing the Alliance will be Ordered home as soon as she may Gett to france, the hurry I was Obligd. to leave england Could not Gett my Account with me. Mr. Diggs was to send it to dunkirk as soon as he Could Get it from plymouth. I hope ere thiss you have A settlement from the Groine(?) of the prizes left in Care of mr. Lagoanere & Co. should be Glad to know the result in that quarter, the two West India men that was Given up by the Court of france the paying the Captors, I must think we have An Undoubted right to be paid for the packett and Brig Joseph, the Brig had a Valuable Cargoe, in Reallity the should for the Confiment, we weare Under I shall acquainte you of the many favours I received Since I became A Captive, 1st. in N-york that Sr. George Collier Orderd irons on my legs with a Centry Mr. Collier Going on An expedition Ordered me to Jaole theare put into the Condemned Room, the first Night A cold plank my bed A stone for A pillow 2d. night Allowed A something to lay on in thiss horrid room was kept for eight days Without the least Morsell of Bread or Any thing but Watter from the keepper of the prison, After many Notes &c as sent to the jaoler at last he made his Appearance, After expostulating of the impropriety of such treatment he told me he had such Orders, but would take it on himselve to relase me in Giving him my Strongest Assurances I should not make my escape, I readly Consentted, it not being in the power of Man to get out of the Condemned room by All Account. Thiss the first instance of the Jaoler’s humanity. A creature After Clinton’s own heart. In the prison of N. york I continued till that tyrant Collier, Returned. A stranger to his Mode of War, would be Certaine he was from Gambia, or that quarter. Then I was told to Get ready to go on board the prison ship, was moved to A sepperate Apartment in the prison; then a pair of criminal irons put on my legs Weight 50 Weight, At the door put into the hangman’s Cart all in forme, as if bound to the Gallows. Put into A boat, & took a long side of the Raisonable, there showed A paper Singed Commd. Jones, to be sent to england in the packett, In those Irons brought to pendinnis Castle; theare not Conttented, decorratted my hands With a new fashioned pair of Ruffels, fitted Verry tite. In this Condition 15 or 16 days; brought to plymouth, & Lodged in the Black-hole for eight days, before they would do me the honoure of Committing me On suspicion of high treason on his Majesty high seas; then put into Mill prison wheare we Committed treason through his earth. Thus Sir I give you An Account of the favours, Insults exceptted. I must Acquainte your excellency that the poor Unfortunate prisoners in plymouth Are in A most distrest Situation, the donation when I left that had been at 6d. per Week. I am affraid should the not be exchangd soon will be Oblidged to enter in their Service the can not live On the Goverment Allowance, I hope to have the favour of A Letter from you I am Sir Your most Obdt. servt
G. Conyngham
 Addressed: to / His Excellency / B. Franklin / Parris
Endorsed: Coningham Dec 1 79


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Achille-Guillaume Lebègue de Presle, 1 December 1779
From: Lebègue de Presle, Achille-Guillaume
To: Franklin, Benjamin

a Paris ce 1. Xbre 79
Jai eu Lhonneur Monsieur de vous envoyer il y a deux mois un memoire Anglois de mr Nairne sur les appareils destinès a preserver de la foudre, en vous prevenant quil n’etoit pas a moi, comme le montre la suscription de L’Enveloppe; et vous demandant de me le renvoyer des que vous L’auriez lu. Ayant presumé il y a un mois environ que des affaires importantes pouvoient vous avoir fait oublier celleci; jai cru pouvoir prier mr votre fils de vous la rappeller, ou de me renvoyer le memoire a Paris a mon addresse indiqueè dans les deux billets. Mademoiselle jupin m’a promis de vous en rafraichir la memoire et a mr votre fils. Je vous prie d’etre persuadé, Monsieur, que si j’avois pu me procurer un second exemplaire de ce memoire pour le rendre a mr Le Duc de chaulnes a qui il appartient, et qui ne L’a pas encore eu je ne vous aurois pas ecrit trois fois ni fait parler aussi souvent de ce meme objet.
Je suis Monsieur avec Respect votre tres humble tres obeiss Serviteur
Lebegue DE PresleRue st jacques près les mathurins
 Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur franklin / Ministre plenipotentiaire des Etats / unis de L’Amerique / a Passy / Banlieue de Paris
Notation: LeBegue de Presle Paris ce 1er Decembre 1779.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Penet, D’Acosta frères & Cie., 2 December 1779
From: Penet, D’Acosta frères & Cie.
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir,
Nantes Decemr. the 2d. 1779
In great haste a few minutes before the Post sets off we have the Honor to transmit to you a letter brought this day by our vessel the Committee together with one for Mr. Le Ray de Chaumont of which we beg your kind Care. Our vessel left Philadelphia the 26th Octr. last in Company with the frigate Confederacy of 40 Guns: from which she was separated the same day of her departure. Please to accept of our sincere & respectful Compliments Having the Honor to be Sir, Your most obedient & very humble servants
Penet D’acosta FRERES & CE
His Excellency Doctor Franklin


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from John Bondfield, 3 December 1779
From: Bondfield, John
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir
Bordeaux 3 Decr 1779
By Letters last post from Bilboa we are advised of the Arrival of a Vessel at that Port from Georgia the Inteligence they bring is very pleasing and being transmitted by many Houses of that City gives it Credit. A detatchment from Comte dEstaings Fleet arrived at Savannah took and destroyd the British Armd Vessels on the Coast and made prisoners at Beaufort eight hundred Soldiers, this appears the most probable account we have receivd from that Province for some time I doubt not but you will be advised direct from Bilboa of the particulars but least that should not be I transmit you the advices as receivd the Vessel left Savannah the 24 October. I have the Honor to be with due respect Sir Your most obedient H Servant
John Bondfield
His Excellency B. Franklin Esq
  Addressed: His Excellency B Franklin Esq / Plenepy. from the United / States of America at / Passi / prés Paris
Notation: Jon Bonfield 3 Dec 79