Title: To George Washington from Benjamin Stoddert, 24 October 1792
From: Stoddert, Benjamin
To: Washington, George

Sir
Geo. Town 24 October 1792

I should apoligize for taking the liberty of addressing this letter to you, but the best apoligy I can make is to trespass as little as possible on your time; and though I have no doubt every person interested in the City of Washington would chearfully Join in the observations I shall make, I write alone considering it most respectful, as it will be less irksome to pass unnoticed the trifling opinions of an individual, than of many persons combined.
I beg leave to premise, that I have not the slightest enmity to either of the Commissioners—on the contrary, I esteem them all—and wanting neither contracts, nor employment under them and of course not being disappointed it affords me no pleasure to remark that the business of the City might certainly be better managed. I know of but few things under their direction which go on so well as they might do—the Comrs who I am well satisfied have every disposition to do right, meet too seldom, & remain too short a time together, to obtain that kind of information, & intimate knowledge of the affairs of the City, so requisite to be possessed by those who have not only the general superintend⟨e⟩ncy, but the direction of the execution of every part of a business, requiring undivided & unremitted attention. Many facts could be adduced to shew the Justice of my observations, I will mention only one, & that, not as a charge against the Comrs, for I have no desire to be their accuser, particularly their secret accuser, but merely to prove that there is something wrong in the present system of management. and I believe would so continue, let who would be Comrs, until the gentlemen either reside on the spot, & each takes his particular department of the business, or

until some person of Industry & talents is employed under their direction, to superintend in their absence & to bring before them at their stated meetings the proper objects, whose duty it should be to see, & to know every thing about the City. Something like this opinion, as to a superintendent, the Comrs took up at their last meeting, & in consequence wrote a letter to you Sir by Mr Blodget who was willing to be employed in this Character—they do not go into particulars, but refer to Mr Blodget, who from motives of delicacy I have reason to think will not go into the communications so freely as they expected—It is on that acct only, that I have taken the freedom to write this letter.
The instance of mismanagement I mean to adduce respects the Bridge over Rock creek—It might have been completed by Novr—It will not be completed till the Spring. The Comrs preferred the plan of a single Arch because it appeared cheapest—after some progress had been made in the work—too much to admit of correcting the Error without delaying the completion of the Bridge, & incurring some additional expence, it was apprehended a single Arch would not vent the water of the Creek, & two more were in consequence agreed for—the mistake arose from the Comrs not Judging for themselves, from an accurate knowledge of the place where the Bridge was to be thrown over & all the attending circumstances—Whatever errors they have committed have proceeded from the same cause, want of sufficient attention to acquire the proper information—the fact is, that the Bridge of three arches with its appendages, is actually cheaper than one of one arch, with its appendages would be, and this either of the Gentlemen would have known, had it been only his duty to have known it. The money lost by getting right at last instead of at first, is not worth a thought—the delay occasioned, is in many accts of more importance.
I beg to be permitted to add, that ⟨mutilated⟩ Public sales interested but very few persons who were not be⟨mutilated⟩ested in the fate of the City—and afforded no evidence of that diffusion of confidence so much to be wished for—Mr Blodget having authority from the Comrs sold 12 or 14 Public lots at private sale, during the few days he remained here, to four or five people from Phila. & the Eastward, one of whom, a man of property will move his Family here in the spring from Boston—and from Mr Blodgets General acquaintance, it is the opinion here he would be

able to sell more lots in a few months, than the Comrs would in a year. I have communicated with Mr Deakins, who is the warm Friend of the Comrs & their officer; whose sentiments accord with mine—this I mention to remove from myself the suspicion of being actuated in what I have said, by any improper motive. I have the honor to be with the greatest respect & esteem sir Yr most Obed. Servt

Ben. Stoddert


Title: To George Washington from Major Swiney, 25 October 1792
From: Swiney, Major
To: Washington, George

  Harrisburg, Pa., 25 Oct. 1792. Writes that he left Ireland “to participate in the asylum your laudable and ever memorable conflict with the arbitrary enemy prepaired for us in America.” He named his oldest son George Washington Swiney “in full hopes that some day . . . when he

arrives at such an age as to be able to contemplate the character of the man he was named for, it will at least inspire him with a courage becoming a good Soldier; his situation in life will preclude him from emulating your Excellency in any other line.” His two younger sons are named “Montgomery, & Frankland.”


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Hamilton, 26 October 1792
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] 26. October 1792

The Secretary of the Treasury presents his respects to the President, and encloses him a letter received yesterday from the Supervisor of New York. The Secretary will have the honor of reminding the President of the subject when he has that of waiting upon him next.


Title: Tobias Lear to Thomas Jefferson, 26 October 1792
From: Lear, Tobias
To: Jefferson, Thomas

United States [Philadelphia], October 26th 1792.

By the President’s command T. Lear has the honor to inform the Secy of State, that the President desires Commissions to be made out for the following persons—and to bear the dates annexed thereto—viz.
John Adams, the first, and Benjamin Gunnison, second mate in the New Hampshire Cutter—June 30th 1792.
John Finley, second Mate in the New York Cutter—July 17: 1792.
David Porter, Master of the Maryland Cutter—Augt 5: 1792.

William Cooke, Master of the North Carolina Cutter, has lost his Commission by accident, the date of which was April 5th, 1791.
John Armistead, Surveyor of the Port of Plymouth in No. Carolina, and Inspector of the Revenue, for the said Port—vice Thos Davis Freeman (superseded)—Septr 24th 1792.
Thomas Parker, Attorney for the United States in the South Carolina District; vice John J. Pringle—(resigned) October 25th 1792.

Tobias Lear.Secretary to the President of the United States.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 26 October 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] Oct. 26. 92.

Th: Jefferson has the honor to send for the perusal of the President the inclosed letters just received from mister Barclay.


Title: To George Washington from B. Francis, 27 October 1792
From: Francis, B.
To: Washington, George

Sir,
New York, Oct. 27: 1792.

An inquiry into the mineral productions of this country, appeared to me an object of so much importance, that I was induced to take the liberty of writing to you on the business from Boston, I think in June, and had the honour of receiving your reply in this City. The motives that occasioned my former letter (& the only excuse I can plead for taking this freedom) were similar to what dictate the present, viz. The advancement of the public-Good.
The advantages to a country, of inland water-carriage, have been demonstrated by so many happy experiments in England, and other parts of Europe, that new canals are projected almost daily; and so dextrous are they become in the execution of them in Great-Britain, having surveyors and workmen accustomed to the business, that an interruption or disappointment in the work is hardly ever known. In England they are enabled to execute these extensive designs with so much facility and correctness, by having at hand the best workmen for the purpose in the world, viz. Miners. The wages they give (but they generally agree with them at so much per yard, or fathom) are always something more than these men can earn in their mines, which soon procures as many as can, in almost any of those works, be conveniently employed. These Miners are from their childhood accustomed to

labour in the earth, to handle the mattock, blast rocks asunder, &c. &c. and their early introduction, and perseverence in this rude occupation, disqualifies them for any other pursuit whatever: But ‘tis to such hardy, untutord Men the British-Canals owe their stability.
The having, at call, workmen enow of the above description to execute that in a few months, which without such an advantage would require several years to perform, must have a very material effect not only on the expences of conducting such a work, but on the benefit expected to flow from it when compleated.
To undertake an extensive work of this kind, without having at hand the number of workmen proportionable, may produce expence & disappointment, but can hardly be expected to produce a navagable canal. When the channel of a canal is unoccupied by Water for any length of time, as it necessarily must when there are but few hands and much to be done, its banks exposed to the sun & rain fall in, and its course, in particular soils, is soon obliterated; for it appears, as well from the nature of the case, as from experience, that the preservation of the channel of a canal depends on its being constantly filled with water.
The scarcity of labourers in this country, is not the only difficulty that occurs in this business: perhaps a sufficient number might, by very extraordinary encouragement, be collected, but whether their services might be depended upon, and whether they could be kept together, and at their duty, in places remote from domestic accommodation, appears to me a matter of doubt. But the liberal wages given by individuals to industry, all over the country, will, I apprehend, keep sober steady labourers from list’ning to any proposals that may lead them from their homes.
That neither the country, nor those directly interested in these public-works may lose those years in the delay of their accomplishment, which seems unavoidable from the common mode of conducting them, and the scarcity of workmen, I beg leave to offer to your consideration, and if you think proper the consideration of Congress, a means whereby these or any works of the like nature may be facilitated, without being subjected to those obstructions which frequently arise from employing, and depending on, promiscuous hands.

There are in many parts of Europe remains of works (once of great importance) performed by the Roman Soldiers, the accounts of which have several times furnished me with hints how the Soldiers of this day might, in times of quiet, be usefully employed. The present circumstances of this country, and the magnitude of the public Designs, suggest very forcibly the utility of adopting in these States the practice of the Romans, and employing soldiers in the civil service of the community.
A Corps of Artificers might be of service to the Country in a Moral view. The licencious disposition that most commonly leads the illiterate to prefer a military life, would be most naturally & effectually corrected by labour and good discipline. I am, with the greatest Respect, Sir, Your most obedt & humb. Servt

B. Francis: Post-Office.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 27 October 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] Oct. 27. 92.

Th: Jefferson has the honor to inform the President that in a Madrid gazette of Sep. 14. is an article of Namur Aug. 23. which states circumstantially the capture of M. de la Fayette, and that he was carried from the place to Antwerp. it says that his intention had been to pass in the rear of the Austrian army, but ran foul of a picquet near Rochfort. there were 17 or 18. officers altogether. Longwy had surrendered with a garrison of 2600 men on being invested by the Austrians.


Title: Henry Knox to Tobias Lear, 27 October 1792
From: Knox, Henry
To: Lear, Tobias

Dr sir,
[Philadelphia] 27 October 1792.

The statement relatively to the Cherokees shall be made tomorrow, or next day at furthest—The intelligence received, this afternoon from Governor Blount renders alterations necessary. I submit this intelligence to the President in Governor Blounts Letter of the 7th instant, received at 3 oClock P.M., together with certain Letters which I have written in consequence, to the Governors of South Carolina & Georgia—and to Mr Seagrove & Major Gaither—Two Vessels sail in the morning—One for Charleston and the other for St Marys.
If the President should direct any alterations or additions to the said Letters, I shall be glad to have them as early as possible.

H. Knox


Title: To George Washington from “A True Republican”, 27 October 1792
From: “A True Republican”
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Philada 27th October 1792.

By an Act of Congress passed 23d January last—the Powers of the Board of Commissioners, for settling the Accounts between the United States, and individual States, were prolonged, until the first day of July 1793—now, Sir, why the Claims of those, who, escaped the Jaws of Death from the flying Camp, should be rejected is a thing that I cannot comprehend—certainly they formed a part of our Army—our Army was paid, why not pay them? I think, Sir, you would do honor to your Country, and releive the distresses of many of our poor Brethern; if you were to cause the law to be put in force, that these (few existing)

Creatures might be releived. I have the honor to be Sir your most obedient humble Sert

A true Republican


Title: To George Washington from Edmund Randolph, 28 October 1792
From: Randolph, Edmund
To: Washington, George

Sir
Philadelphia October 28. 1792

On revolving the subjects, with which I am officially connected, I discover none, deserving the notice of congress, except those, which are comprehended in the necessity of reforming our judicial system. The detail of them would be almost infinite; and certainly too minute for a communication from the executive: Nor can the congress forget the admonitions, which they have already received on this head. And yet I am so deeply impressed with the dangers to which the government is exposed from this quarter, that it would be a happy circumstance, if they could be stimulated to the discussion.
Were I to indulge myself in a general review of our political situation, I should probably repeat without use topics, which have presented themselves to your own mind, or which have been suggested more accurately by others, to whose departments they belong. I confess indeed, that I feel at the present crisis these strong solicitudes: that the public be assured of stability in the existing fiscal arrangements; that the redemption of the public debt be commenced at no distant day; that the land office, if the hostility of the Indians will permit, be employed, as one of the instruments

of redemption; that the state-governments be prohibited from intermeddling with the Indian tribes, to the utmost limit of the constitution; that some temporary mode be provided for the relief of many crippled soldiers, who must beg or starve, until the schism between the legislative and judiciary shall be adjusted; and that the violence of the sanguine states, which may be disappointed on the final settlement of their accounts with the United States may in some manner or other be softened.
I cannot undertake to say, that these hints are capable of being carried into practice, or are intitled to your attention. But I submit them, according to your instructions, without a comment; as you will best know, how to appreciate them. I have the honor, sir, to be with the highest respect yr mo. ob. serv.

Edm: Randolph


Title: From George Washington to Anthony Whitting, 28 October 1792
From: Washington, George
To: Whitting, Anthony

Mr Whiting
Philadelphia Oct. 28th 1792.

By yesterdays Post I received a letter from you without date, but suppose from the contents it must have left Mount Vernon on Wednesday last.
The letter to Mrs Fanny Washington must be sent to me, because the purpose of it cannot be answered by sending it to her below.
The Mansion house surplus hands, may be disposed of as you shall, upon a full view of all circumstances, conceive best; and the Mule Cart (instead of the Oxe Cart) may be retained, with the single horse Cart also at that place. Sinah may also remain there until her Mother gets up again, although it is my intention to substitute Anna in her place, as an assistent to Kitty. Sinah &

Patt may strengthen the Plantation which stands in most need of their aid.
The scarcity of Timber in the Neck for fences, & the distance it is to draw at other places, are evils I have long foreseen, and have endeavoured to guard against; but for reasons which I mentioned to you in one of my late letters it never has been accomplished—I hope, however, as I have, in as strong terms as I know how to use, impressed the necessity of raising live Hedges upon you, that I shall no longer have cause to complain of neglect on this score—Any thing, in the shape of a live hedge is desirable; and almost anything for partition fences (where there are no hogs) will suffice. Mr Bartram, the Botanist whom I have seen since my return to this City, is of opinion that it was the Spring & Summer droughts that prevented the Cedar berries from vegitating; and that they may yet be expected; do not therefore let the ground where they were sown be disturbed without accurately examining the Berries to see if there be any hopes of their coming up. He also says that when Cedars are planted & laid down, that if the limbs next the ground are covered properly they will take root & send out a number of new shoots—this will be worth trying, if upon examination of the Cedar hedge rows in the Neck, you should think it advisable to lay them down.
It is not to be wondered that the field No. 7 at the River Plantation should want a New Post & Rail fence when it is seen what kind my people make (in spite of all I can do to prevent it) that is, Posts when Morticed that a strong man would break across his knee—& rails so long, & so weak, as to warp, & be unable to bear the weight of a child in getting over them—This custom I hope you will get the better of.
The two Meadows at Dogue Run, that is, the middle & upper one, contain by actual measurement 51¾ Acres—the middle one 31¼—and the Wood between, if opened by a strait line from one Indenture of the field to the other, will add 8¼ Acres thereto but to do this ought not to be attempted until the present open ground is compleatly grubbed—ditched (where necessary [)] & put into perfect order for the Plow & smooth laying for grass—for I repeat it again, that I had rather have one acre in this order, than five in a slovenly way; which is not only disadvantageous in many points of view, but is a very great eye-sore to me.

I suppose it was owing to the hurry & distress in which Mrs Fanny Washington was at the time she left Mount Vernon that a little Wine &ca was not left out for extraordinary occasions; because I know it was intended—but not for sick Negros, unless it might be in particular cases which rendered it indispensably necessary; for Docr Craik never practiced any thing of this kind when Mrs Washington & my self were at home, or ever suggested it as necessary: Nor was it my intention to leave it for the purpose of entertaining travellers—because there is a striking impropriety in travellers making use of it as a house of convenience, knowing as they certainly must do, that neither my family, nor the Majors is there; & when it is far removed from the Post, or any other public Road. And if people were led there by curiosity as soon as that was satisfied, they would retire; without expecting, under the circumstances just mentioned, to be invited to lodge, dine, or spend their time there. However, as it may happen that characters to whom one would wish to shew civility—and others, that may have a line from me (as was the case the other day with the Honble Judge Cushing) may call there. I shall, by a Vessel which will leave this according to the Master’s Acct on thursday next, send you a little Wine, Tea & Coffee, along with the Iron & somethings which will accompany it. When I recommended care of and attention to, my Negros in sickness, it was that the first stage of, & the whole progress through the disorders with which they might be siezed (if more than a slight indisposition) should be closely watched, & timely applications, & remedies be administered; especially in Pleurisies, & all inflamatory fevers accompanied with pain when a few days neglect, or want of bleeding, might render the ailment incurable. In such cases sweeten’d Teas—broths—and, (according to the nature of the complaint, & the Doctrs prescription) sometimes a little wine may be necessary to nourish & restore the patient; and these I am perfectly willing to allow when it is really requisite. My fear is, as I expressed to you in a former letter, that the under overseers are so unfeeling—in short viewing the Negros in no other light than as a better kind of Cattle, the moment they cease to work, they cease their care of them.
I am very glad to hear that you think your young & soft Corn is out of danger; and wish upon further trial this may prove to be

the fact, as I have been apprehensive of considerable loss from the backwardness of it.
You say in your letter, that the Ferry People have got out all their Wheat—and yet, by the Report of last week only 59½ bushls was sent to Mill; and by the Report of the preceeding week 182; If these two quantities with what was got out for seed, is all the crop that No. 1 at French’s yielded, it is (if I recollect rightly what that was) a miserable turn out indeed—far short of the lower calculation that had been made of it. I wish you would, always, when the contents of a field is known enter it in the weekly report & let it come on—that I may be early advised.
I perceive by the Report that you have been hauling the Buck Wheat from Mansion House to Muddy hole. I had no conception of this—but supposed you would have drawn it to the Brick yard, or some other naked piece of ground & there threshed & cleared it—putting the grain in the Green Ho. loft, & retaining the straw for litter. I wish to know the quantity of the grain it has yielded—& what the appearence of grass is where the Buck Wheat grew.
I wish you would make old Jack and Frank, at their leizure hours, especially the latter, who I think must have many of them, open all the Springs that lye under the Hill, from the Bog (inclusive) by the Spring House onwards to the Wharf and let them, & the usual Spring, be thrown into one currt or channel and carried on a level or as nearly so as for the Water to run, along the Hill side until it is brought into that line which I was opening from the East front of the House (in a line with the Doors) to the River. If any aid from the Ditchers is wanting to accomplish this, it may be given—but I do not mean that any other ditch should be dug, where it can be avoided, than such as are used for side land meadows, and these you know are simple & small indeed.
I shall make enquiry after linnen, and if I can get what is wanting upon reasonable terms, will send it by Captn Cahart; who, as I have before said talks of Sailing on thursday next. If I should not do this you will be informed thereof by the next Post.
I have resolved to build a Barn & treading floor at Dogue Run Plantation, & to do it as soon as other more pressing work will permit; at any rate for the Wheat of next harvest. In my last, I sent you a Bill of such Scantling as I proposed to buy. Now I give you a general Bill—and a Plan of the building—with such

explanations and directions as I think Thos Green (to whom after you have perused it, it must be given) can be at no loss in the execution; and therefore shall add nothing more in this letter than to desire you will engage the Scantling marked to be purchased—provide Shells & the number of Shingles which may be deficient which, cannot be many as (for want of calculation) 10,000 were got for the Piaza and, I believe, less than 4,000 used—this small demand might, I should suppose be easily procured at Alexandria—In general I shall depend upon you to provide what is wanted and to see that every thing is carried on properly. I am Your friend & well wisher

Go: Washington


Title: Enclosure: Washington’s Plan for a Barn, 28 October 1792
From: Washington, George
To:

[28 October 1792]

The Plan of the building, as exhibited on the other Side; The manner in which it is connected with the B: Yard; the possition of the outer door wch is to be 8 ft wide into the upper floor from the B. Yard & the entrance from thence into the Octogan or inner building between the braces after passing over the open or treading floor—The situation of the door into the floor below to be 4 ft—and in short every other thing necessary for information is so expressly & clearly explained in the details wch are given that it is scarcely necessary to give any further direction for the execution. But that there may be no mistake on the part of Thos Green in laying the Work off—nor no unnecessary labour in digging the foundation I shall drop a few hints for his governmt and desire he will attend to them—viz.—first to lay of the
    error.  TJM-->

Barn yard as described wch if I mistake not was originally intended to be 100 feet sqr.—But, if I am wrong in this let it run as far back from the So. Wt & So. Et Corners of the Corn houses as it is from one of the said Corners to the other & ranging with the outer sides of both of them. Then half way along the line O,O in the Plat, fix the angle, & center of the Barn door as at C & Q—next from Q and the Center of the Barn Yard gate at P. and runs in a line with the two objects, fix a stake 26 feet from the Angle at C & Q for the Center of the Octagon, & of Course of the Barn. From this Center form a Circle by a line or Rod as more certain 26 feet long, which will give the Diameter of the Barn—viz.—52. feet from out to out—then let the foundation be sunk by this circular line until the highest part of the ground above, & within the circle, is brought to the level of the lowest part of it below & also within it. By this means there will be no unnecessary digging, and when the Wall comes to be built which it must be of 16 equal sides 10 f. 3 Inchs each at the outer angle or as near this as may ⟨illegible⟩ to be tried ⟨illegible⟩ there need be but one face of it worked by plumb & line, & that the inner one, until it rises with in two courses of Bricks of the Cill of the Window frame as all up to that will be raised and sloped off with the earth that is taken out and must hereafter be paved; or turfed so as that the water may run off freely, & not by settling against the wall keep the lower floor damp. The Inner Circle, or Octagon must be struck from the same Center by a line, or rod 14. feet in length. & will have eight Pillars equal to form eight equal sides—one of wch is to be parrallel with the line O.O. It will readily be perceived that the Door from the B. Yard must enter at the Angle C.Q. in order that it may open opposite to the interval between the braces. otherwise the entrance into the Octagon would have a very aukward look nor will the door at this place look badly—but have advantages from the cover tht will be over it⟨.⟩ All the bricks for this building must be hard & good it would be well therefore to have those that are on the spot assorted & counted in time that if there be not a sufficiency of them. the best clay from under the Barn may be laid aside for making the difficiency early in the Spring. 30,820 I calculate a sufft number but this supposes all to be good—perhaps 35, or even 40,000 wd not be too many to provide.

Sleepers for the whole of the lower floorsTo rest on 9 Inchs brick Wall

            * 88. [joists] fourteen feet long
              9 by 3 Inchs

            * 2000 feet of 1½ Inch plank for the whole of the lower floor.

             16 Cills for the Windows 9 ft long
              8 by 4

                 16. top ps.
                for ditto 9 long

                   ["] Bars
                  for do

              6 by 3

              2 by 2

             1 Middle Post—supporter 9
             12 by 12.

            Upper Floor

            * 88 Joists—14 ft long
             12. by 4

             8 Cills for the inter or octagon—14 long
             12. by 12

             16 Do for the extr or skid—12
             12. by 12

             16 Posts 8 f. long
              8. by 6

             32. Studs 8. f. do
              4. [by] 3

             16. Plates. 12. long
              6. [by] 8

            * Treadg floor 420 ps. Wh. Oak runng progressively from 12 to 20 ft long
             2½ [by] 2½

            * 600 [square feet] 2½ Inch Plk middle floor

            Body of the House.

             8 Posts—20 ft long
             12. by 12 Inch

             3⟨0⟩. Bra[ce]s—12 long
              8. by 6

             8 Plates 14
               8 by 6

             1. Girder 28
             15. by 12

             1 cross ps. for the King Post 28 long
             12. by 8.

             2 [do] 14. feet long to cross do
             12. by 8

             1 King Post—12 long below shin[gle]s
              6. by 6

            * 86 Rafters 20 long 6 by 3 at one end & 4 by three at the other end

Laths for 3 feet Shingles.
7000 three ft shingles includg what are on hand
The Scantling marked thus (*) to be bought
The rest to be got by my own People.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 29 October 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] Oct. 29. 1792.

The Secretary of State has had under consideration the Report of the proceedings of the Secretary of the Territory of the U.S. North West of the Ohio in the absence of the Governor from January the 1st to June 30th 1792. and
Reports to the President of the United States that there is nothing contained therein which requires any thing to be done on the part of the President of the United States.

Th: Jefferson


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Hamilton, 31 October 1792
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Washington, George

Treasury Departmt Octr 31st 1792.

The Secretary of the Treasury has the honor respectfully to communicate to the President an authenticated copy of the Contract for the last Loan made in Holland, for three millions of florins, bearing date the 9th of August 1792, at a rate of four per cent interest, of which Contract a ratification of the President as heretofore, is required.

Alexander Hamilton Secy of the Treasury.


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Hamilton, 31 October 1792
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] Wednesday Morning 31st Octr 1792.

The Secretary of the Treasury presents his respects to the president of the U: States, encloses the arrangement for retrospective compensations to officers of the revenue, which, agreeably to the intimation of the president, has been retained. Mr Hamilton will wait on the President between 12 & one to give the explanations desired.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 31 October 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] Oct. 31. 92.

Th: Jefferson has the honor to inclose to the President some letters just arrived by the Pigou.


Title: To George Washington from Anthony Whitting, 31 October 1792
From: Whitting, Anthony
To: Washington, George

Honrd Sir
Mount Vernon Octor 31st 1792

Your Letter of the 21st I had the Honor to receive on Wednesday last with the Bill of Scantling & List of plants from Norfolk these the Gardener had plac’d in the Green House, The Sugar Maple seed (not knowing the time for sowing it) I persuaded the Gardener to sow a part of it imediately & keep the Other ‘till Spring The bill of Scantling I took to Alexa. on Friday and inform’d You the price & time it could be deliver’d if I could Get Your Answer this Week which occasioned my writing from thence The White Oak cannot be engag’d there, nor I believe in this Neighborhood I do not perfectly understand the progression mentioned in the Bill 425 ps. of White Oak runing progressively from 12. feet to 20 in length. I Guess may mean an equal Number 12 feet 13–14–15–16 and so on to 20 if it should not be so Should be Glad to be inform’d These as I before mentioned I think must be sawed here McIvir & McKenzie have engaged to deliver the pine Scantling & plank if you Sir approve of the price & time—Boatswain & Charlotte have both had the flux but Charlotte very lightly Boatswain has been bad I sent for Docr Craik last Saturday who gave them Medecine which seemd to relieve them The Docr Orderd them Rice Water but I can find none in the House Charlotte had a sore throat he order’d her Honey & Vinegar of the former there is none likewise, He Scolded said medecine would not cure them if they had not things proper for them likewise He wish’d me to buy a Quantity of Rice says the people in Sickness Ought always to have of it of this I must wait Your direction a Gallon of Honey likewise he says is necessary—He informs me the Major took what honey there was in the House with him it being very proper for his complaint.
We have several Old Horses that are not Worth keeping thro Winter One at Ferry has not done one days work these 18 months 2 at Muddy hole one a horse with the Pole evil which I think will neve Get well the Other an Old Mare was not Capable of work last summer Likewise the Horses calld Old Chatham and the

Lame Horse that used to go in the Waggon now in a one horse Cart, If any thing could be Got for them it might be well but they are not worth keeping after Christmas.
I dont find any of our fields of Wheat turnd out equal to N. 6. frenchs, not even Dogue Run N. 6 (which I thought was an excellent field of Wheat) will not be equal to the above.
I have enclosed the Quantity of Clover seed wanting at the different plants. River plantation & I think Dogue run may be well worth sowing but as to the Others I dont expect much will come from them only the introducing it in the Grounds, Of this You Will please to Consider & let me know Clover seed is very expensive & none can with propriety be sav’d in this part of the Country we have of What was sent last season abt 2½ or 3 bushs. and Shall have (Growing last summer) as much Timothy seed as will be wanted. I am Honrd Sir Your Obdt Servt

A. Whitting

P.S. By the Capn of the Norfolk packet I am informd Major Washington arriv’d at Colo. Bassetts on Wednesday Evening following the Sunday they left Mount Vernon he Continued very well during the passage and in Good Spirits.


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Jefferson, 1 November 1792
From: Washington, George
To: Jefferson, Thomas

[Philadelphia] 1st Novr 1792

The enclosed places matters on their true rounds; and in my opinion on a proper footing.

G.W.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 1 November 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] Nov. 1. 1792.

Th: Jefferson has the honor to return the inclosed to the President. the following are the only alterations he supposes might be proper.
pa. 4. line 2. & 3. he thinks it better to omit the passage marked with a pencil.
same page. three bottom lines. he sees no objection to the passage marked.
page 6. & 7. the six lines marked he thinks would be better omitted.

page. 11. line 16. perhaps the expression ‘just state of our credit’ would be better than ‘high state of our credit.’ our efforts & our circumstances authorize us to say that we are justly entitled to the credit in which we stand.


Title: To George Washington from Samuel Meredith, 1 November 1792
From: Meredith, Samuel
To: Washington, George

Sir
[Philadelphia] Thursday Morng Novr 1st 1792

The bearer will deliver agreeably to Mr Lears request 100 White Mulberry Trees taken out of Aspinwalls Nursery, they are untrimmed, as the other parts may be cut off when planted & stuck in the ground to produce Trees as well as the Main Standards, he will likewise deliver half of the Double eared Wheat recd from the Agricultural Society. I have the honor to be with Proper Respect Your Most humble Servt

Saml Meredith


Title: To George Washington from James Wilkinson, 1 November 1792
From: Wilkinson, James
To: Washington, George

Sir
Fort Washington [Northwest Territory] Novr 1st 1792

Conceiving that the novelty of the thing may render it acceptable; I have presumed to offer to you, by the Hands of Capt. Prior, two Kegs of Salted Fish, which were taken in the Big Miami

River. And, with the most dutiful attachment to your Person, & the highest veneration for your exalted Station I have the Honor to be Your obliged & faithful Soldier & Servant

Ja. Wilkinson


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 2 November 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Philadelphia Nov: 2. 1792.

I have the honor to inclose you copies of a letter I have received from the Governor of Virginia and of sundry papers which it covered on the subject of that part of the boundary between that State and the territory of the United States south of the Ohio, which has never yet been authoritatively settled, and to observe that an extension of the same line will form the boundary between the same territory and the State of Kentucky. There being then three parties interested in the establishment of this line, it will rest with the wisdom of the Legislature to take such measures as they shall think best for establishing it by common consent or otherwise for instituting judiciary proceedings for it’s establishment, according to the provision made in the constitution. As the papers herewith transmitted will fully explain the case in question, I need not recapitulate their contents. I have the honor to be with sentiments of the most perfect respect and attachment, Sir Your most obedient, and most humble servant

Th: Jefferson


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 2 November 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Philadelphia November 2d 1792.

The letter of October 29th from messieurs Viar & Jaudenes, not expressing the principle on which their government interests

itself between the United States and the Creeks, I thought it of importance to have it ascertained. I therefore, called on those Gentlemen, and entered into explanations with them. They assured me, in our conversation, that, supposing all question of boundary to be out of the case, they did not imagine their government would think themselves authorized to take under their protection any nation of Indians, living within limits confessed to be ours; and they presumed that any interference of theirs, with respect to the Creeks, could only arise out of the question of disputed territory, now existing between us; that, on this account, some part of our treaty with the Creeks had given dissatisfaction. They said, however, that they were speaking from their own sentiments only, having no instructions which would authorize them to declare those of their Court: but that they expected an answer to their letters covering mine of July 9th (erroneously cited by them as of the 11th) from which they would probably know the Sentiments of their Court. They accorded entirely in the opinion that it would be better that the two nations should mutually endeavor to preserve each the peace of the other, as well as their own, with the neighboring Tribes of Indians.
I shall avail myself of the opportunity, by a vessel which is to sail in a few days, of sending proper information and instructions to our Commissioners on the subject of the late, as well as of future interferences of the Spanish officers, to our prejudice with the Indians, and for the establishment of common rules of conduct for the two nations. I have the honor to be, with the most perfect respect and attachment, Sir, Your most obedient and most humble servt

Th: Jefferson


Title: To George Washington from James Anderson (of Scotland), 3 November 1792
From: Anderson, James
To: Washington, George

Sir
Edinburgh [Scotland] 3d Novr 1792

I had the honour to receive your obliging favour of the 20th June last some time ago—since which time I have had no opportunities of sending any parcels from hence, which is the reason I have not sooner acknowledged that favour—I am highly flattered with the kind reception you have given to my little work The Bee the 7th, 8th, 9th—10th & 11th Volumes of which will accompany this. The former volumes were sent by the way of New york, to the care of Mr Samuel Campbell bookseller there, and I hope have come safe to hand[.] Along with these I send a copy of the pamphlet on wool, which had been formerly mis sent, and have the satisfaction of assuring you that the reasoning in that pamphlet has been fully confirmed by our experience since it was published—In consequence of selecting fine breeds of sheep we have been able to make broad cloth of the first quality entirely of our own wool—tho’ it has been certain that for many years past it has been made altogether of Spanish wool without the smallest admixture of our own. The wool of this year is still finer than the last—And there can be no doubt, that with proper attention we shall be able to have finer wool than any that hath hitherto been brought to market in Europe.
I make no apology for stating these matters to you As I know your wishes for the prosperity of nations is not confined to one—I shall equally rejoice at hearing of the happiness and prosperity of America as of Britain. Indeed my sole aim in the little work I have attempted is to promote a friendly intercourse among all nations, and to augment the welfare of mankind, without any exception, as much as is in my power. Were my abilities equal to my inclination, this would be conspicuous in every page of the

book—I hope you will find if ever you should honour any part of it with a reading that this is its general tendency.
We are distracted in this country at present by an excess of prosperity. From the imperfection of human nature this can in no case be born—and some wild spirits, under the pretexts of promoting, freedom, are, I am afraid preparing the seeds of slavery—I hope I shall not live to see the time, but without some reverse of fortune it will approach. I observe by the gazette of the united states that on your side of the Atlantic sensible people are not without the same apprehensions. That these evils may be averted, and that your valuable life may be long preserved for a blessing to that country is the sincere prayer of Sir Your most obedient and Most Hue Servt

Jas: Anderson

I am not able to send any articles of importance respecting agriculture by this packet—Indeed I have rather avoided entering on that subject, tho’ it has been my favourite pursuit all my life, fearing it might prove disagreeable to many of my readers—Dr Coventry, professor of Agriculture here, and myself—have it in contemplation to begin a small periodical work calculated to promote enquiries on that important subject alone—but we have not yet finally determined upon it.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 3 November 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Philadelphia Novr 3d 1792.

In order to enable you to lay before Congress the account required by law of the application of the monies appropriated to

foreign purposes through the Agency of the Department of State, I have now the honor to transmit you the two statements No. 1. & 2. herein enclosed, comprehending the period of Two Years preceding the 1st day of July last.
The first statement is of the sums paid from the Treasury under the act allowing the annual fund of 40,000 Dollars for the purposes of foreign intercourse, as also under the acts of March 3. 1791. c. 16 and May [8] 1792. c. 41. §. 3. allowing other sums for special purposes. By this it will appear, that, except the sum of 500 Dollars paid to Colonel Humphreys on his departure, the rest has been all received in Bills of Exchange, which identical Bills have been immediately remitted to Europe either to those to whom they were due for services, or to the Bankers of the United States in Amsterdam to be paid out by them to persons performing services abroad. This general view has been given in order to transfer the debit of these sums from the Department of State to those to whom they have been delivered.
But, in order to give to Congress a view of the specific application of these monies, the particular accounts rendered by those who have received them, have been analysed, and the payments made to them have been reduced under general Heads, so as to show at one view the amount of the sums which each has received for every distinct species of service or disbursement, as well as their several totals. This is the statement No. 2. and it respects the annual fund of 40,000 Dollars only, the special funds of the acts of 1791. & 1792. having been not yet so far administered as to admit of any statement.
I had presented to the auditor the Statement No. 1. with the Vouchers, and also the special accounts rendered by the several persons who have received these monies, but, on consideration, he thought himself not authorized, by any law, to proceed to their examination. I am, therefore, to hope, Sir, that authority may be given to the Auditor, or some other person to examine the general account and Vouchers of the Department of State, as well as to raise special accounts against the persons into whose hands the monies pass, and to settle the same from time to time on behalf of the public. I have the honor to be, with sentiments of the most perfect respect and attachment, Sir, Your most obedient, and Most humble servant

Th: Jefferson


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 3 November 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia, 3 November 1792]

Th: Jefferson has the honor to inclose to the President three sets of the papers relative to the Spanish interference for the President & the two houses.


Title: From George Washington to John Christian Ehlers, 4 November 1792 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Ehlers, John Christian

Letter not found: to John Christian Ehlers, 4 Nov. 1792. GW wrote Anthony Whitting on this date: “I have written, as you will see by the enclosed, long letters, both to Thos Green and the Gardner. . . . The letters are left open for your perusal & delivery.”


Title: Tobias Lear to Thomas Jefferson, 4 November 1792
From: Lear, Tobias
To: Jefferson, Thomas

sunday evening [Philadelphia] Novr 4th 1792

The President requests, that if Mr Jefferson intends writing to Mr Pinckney by the British Packet (the mail for which is to be

closed at New York on Wednesday) he will be so good as to transmit the enclosed letters to his care.


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Robertson, 4 November 1792 [letter not found]
From: Robertson, Alexander
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Alexander Robertson, 4 Nov. 1792. Tobias Lear wrote Robertson on 16 Dec. 1792: “Your Letter to the President of the United States dated the 4th of November, did not get to his hands ‘till a few days ago.”


Title: From George Washington to Anthony Whitting, 4 November 1792
From: Washington, George
To: Whitting, Anthony

Mr Whiting,
Philadelphia Novr 4th 1792.

I was very glad to receive your letter of the 31st ulto because I was affraid, from the account given me of your spitting blood, by my Nephews George & Lawrence Washington, that you would hardly have been able to have written at all. And it is my request that you will not, by attempting more than you are able to undergo, with safety & convenience, injure your self; & thereby render me a disservice. for if this should happen under present circumstances, my affairs in the absence of both the Major & myself, will be thrown into a disagreeable situation—I had rather therefore hear that you had nursed, than exposed your self. And the things which I sent from this place (I mean the Wine, Tea, Coffee & Sugar) & such other matters as you may lay in by the Doctrs directions for the use of the Sick, I desire you will make use of, as your own personal occasions, may require.
I have written, as you will see by the enclosed, long letters, both to Thos Green and the Gardner; in hopes to impress them with the necessity, & to stimulate them to the practice of proper exertions during mine, & the absence of my Nephew. The letters are left open for your perusal & delivery; it is unnecessary therefore for me, in this letter, to repeat the contents of either of the others.

By the Plan of the Barn & treading floor for Dogue run, which I sent you in one of my last letters, you will readily perceive by the mode in which the treading floor of 2½ Inchs square stuff is laid, what I meant by progressive lengths from 12 to 20 feet. The inner part of the double Sections, next the Octagon, is 12 feet only—the outer part is 20; consequently, every piece increases in length as it approaches the exterior line in a progressive ratio.
The old horses may be disposed of as you shall Judge best for my interest. I am well aware that an old horse adds more to the expence than to the profit of a Farm.
I am very sorry to find that my prospect of a Wheaten Crop is lessening. I shall be anxious to learn the final result of its yield. and wish to hear how the Corn turns out upon being stripped of the shuck; and how your Potatoes yield; as I perceive you have been digging the latter, & husking the former? As it is proposed to cultivate field No. 4 at Dogue Run next year in Potatoes, would it not have been better if the Crop of this Root which grows there, could be well secured against damage & thefts, to let them remain at that place? for I question if many more will be made than what will be required for that field. Eight bushels, or thereabouts, is usually allowed to an Acre when planted in drills 3 feet apart—of course 74 acres will take near 600 bushels.
I am told by some of the Farmers in the vicinity of this City, that if the Apricot Potatoes are planted early, they will come off in time for Wheat; if so, and the ground be well worked during the growth of them, it must be in excellent preparation for the Seed.
I send you under cover with this letter, a little of the double eared Wheat. Plant it in drills as soon as you get it, some where in the Vineyard, where the soil is, or can readily be made, good. It is worth trying what it can be brought to.
Let the Gardener put all the Seeds of the Sugar Maple in the ground this Fall; but not to cover them more than very slightly indeed, with Earth. What kind of preparation, and what kind of a Crop Do you mean to put the clover lot (front of the house) into, in order to prepare it for Grass? Potatoes would be the best, but I do not expect you will have enough for Dogue Run & this place too. Let me again request that every thing that is not intended to remain, & live in that enclosure may be effectually eradicated; for reasons wch I have often enumerated. When this enclosure is prepared for Grass, let all the Brick bats in the Road which formerly

led through it, be picked up & brought off. and let that part of it, towards the decline of the Hill, which is naked & bare, be broke up, improved, & sown, to give it a better appearance as the house is approached⟨.⟩ And it would be a pleasing thing to me if this entire Inclosure—from the present mowing ground on the height quite down to the Marsh, & wet ground of H——Hole; from the Mouth up to Richards house, could be most effectually grubbed & cleared (except such clumps or single trees, as one would wish to leave for Ornament [)]. What the quantity of it may be, I am unable to say; but if you conceive that the House gang, with such aids as you can derive from River Plantation, where I think the people, during Winter, can have very little to do, and from the Ferry & French’s, where they cannot have much, I should be glad to have it undertaken; since the idea of clearing for Corn, for Muddy hole, without the Gates at Mansion house is relinquished. As the home house people (the industrious part of them at least) might want ground for their truck patches, they might, for this purpose, cultivate what would be cleared. But I would have the ground from the cross fence by the Spring, quite round by the Wharf, first grubbed, before the (above mentioned) is attempted.
It would be difficult for me, if I was ever so well disposed, to procure the full quantity of Clover seed mentioned in your memm; as it is (from such information as I have received) both scarce & dear in these parts. but while I am on this subject, I beg that whatever you do sow (if covered at all) may be very slightly covered—Harrowing Clover Seed in, in the vicinity of this City is quite dis-used, and I never Saw better Clover any where than is about it—Five or Six lbs. of Seed, if they can depend upon its goodness, is all they allow to an Acre, and in no case more than 10 lbs., or as many pints. I mention these things for your government; & that, from experience they find no better Season for Sowing than towards the last of Winter, or opening of the Spring, on Winter grain—lea[v]ing it to the Snow, or Frosts to bury the Seeds.
I do not discover by your letters, or the Reports that your Porkers are yet up. It is high time this was done, and I desire that no Hogs, except such as are of sufficient age, & size may be fattened—I had rather have a little good, than much bad-Porke.

By your last Weeks Report, I perceive 80 Bushels of Wheat was sent from River Plantation to the Mill and 79 only received at it. detect, always, these differences as soon as they happen, & it will explain mistakes, and check many abuses which otherwise would be committed. And I am sorry to find that scarcely any report comes to hand without mentioning the death of several Sheep. If the Overseers begin thus early to report deaths, what may I not expect to receive between this & May?
I think you had better turn Sam & George over to the Gardener—that their work may appear in his Report. And Davis & Nuclus in like manner to Green—Sims also if you think he had better remain with the Carpenters. This will simplify the Mansion house report greatly, and let me see more clearly what that gang are employed in. At present that head of the Report is swelled greatly and nothing hardly appears to be done by the people comprehended under it. If Peter does any work at all it is in the Gardening line—He therefore had better be turned over to him—though I believe he will do nothing that he can avoid—of labour.
Supply Green & the Gardener with Paper that they may have no excuse for not giving in their Reports & see that they accompany your own every week. I am Your friend and Servant

Go: Washington

P.S. Doll at the Ferry must be taught to Knit, and made to do a sufficient days work of it—otherwise (if suffered to be idle) many more will walk in her steps. Lame Peter if no body else will, must teach her—and she must be brought to the house for that purpose.
Tell house Frank I expect he will lay up a more plentious store of the black common Walnut than he usually does—Nor ought he to spend his time wholly in idleness.


Title: To George Washington from Charles Barbier de La Serre, 5 November 1792
From: Barbier de La Serre, Nicolas-Marie-Charles
To: Washington, George

  Baltimore, 5 Nov. 1792. Seeks employment in the U.S. military service, having decided to leave his native France. He cites his attendance at the French military school at Douaï, his eight years of experience in the French artillery, and his knowledge of fortification and the moving of convoys. Although he has forgotten the English that he once knew, he says that he will strenuously apply himself to relearning the language.


Title: To George Washington from William Jackson, 5 November 1792
From: Jackson, William
To: Washington, George

  Philadelphia, 5 Nov. 1792: Declines “the honor of your nomination to the important office of Adjutant General of the Army of the United States.” Jackson assured GW “that no other consideration but an engagement of the heart, involving the happiness of a most amiable Woman, who is, as she ought to be, peculiarly dear to me, could prevent” acceptance of this position.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 5 November 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] Nov. 5. 1792.

Th: Jefferson having had the honor at different times heretofore of giving to the President conjectural estimates of the expences of our foreign establishment, has that of now laying before him in page. 1. of the inclosed paper, a statement of the whole amount of the foreign fund from the commencement to the expiration of the act which will be on the 3d of March next, with the actual expences to the 1st of July last, & the conjectural ones from thence through the remaining 8. months, and the balance which will probably remain.
Page 2. shews the probable annual expence of our present establishment, & it’s excess above the funds allowed; and in another column the reduced establishment, necessary & most proper to bring it within the limits of the fund, supposing it should be continued.


Title: Ratification Statement, 5 November 1792
From: Washington, George
To:

[Philadelphia, 5 November 1792]

To all whom it may concern—Greeting
Whereas the Legislature of the United States of America, by their Acts passed on the fourth and twelfth days of August one thousand seven hundred and ninety, authorized the President of the United States to borrow on their behalf certain sums of money therein named, or any lesser sums, for the purposes therein stated, and to make Contracts respecting the foreign debt of the United States, and the President thereupon gave to

Alexander Hamilton Esquire, Secretary of the Treasury of the United States, full powers by himself, or any person appointed by him, to carry the purposes of the said Acts into execution, and the said Alexander Hamilton in pursuance of the said powers having authorized William Short Esquire Minister Resident of the United States of America at the Hague in that behalf, the said William Short hath accordingly entered into Contract with certain persons therein named for the loan of three millions of Guilders, Dutch Current money, which Contract was executed at Amsterdam in the United Netherlands on the nineth day of August in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety two, and is in the words following, to wit,
(Here insert it)
Now know ye, that the President of the United States of America having seen and considered the said Contract, hath ratified and confirmed, and by these presents doth ratify and confirm the same and every article thereof.
In Testimony whereof he has caused the seal of the United States to be affixed to these presents, and signed the same with his hand. Done at the City of Philadelphia the fifth day of November in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety two, and of the Independence of the United States of America the Seventeenth.

Go. Washington.
By the PresidentTh: Jefferson.


Title: To George Washington from David Stuart, 5 November 1792
From: Stuart, David
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir,
Ge town 5th Novr 1792

I recieved your letter of the 21st ulmo a few days ago, but deferred answering it, ‘till I could again see Mr Bayly, & Mr [Daniel] Carroll of Duddington, my informants respecting Coll Mercer’s speech—Inclosed, I send you Mr Bayly’s certificate of what passed—Mr Carroll tho’ he agrees with Mr Bayly, that Coll Mercer expressed himself as stated, has I know not for what reasons declined sending me his certificate, as he promised. The conversation happened at dinner at Marlborough, in the presence of many and I have heard it spoke of by many since, and with but little variation—Mr Samuel Hanson among others, informed me as I passed through Alexa., that his Brother Coll Thomas Hanson, who heard Coll Mercer, at the same time with Mr Bayly, had given him the same idea of Coll Hamilton’s having offered Coll Mercer a bribe, as is certifyed by Mr Bayly—From my acquaintance with Mr Bayly, and his general character, I think him as much to be depended on, as any man in the State of Maryland—And, if it is thought proper to investigate the charge, I am satisfied, Mr Bayly’s certificate can never be done away. I am Dr Sir, with the greatest respect Your most Obt Servt

Dd Stuart


Title: Address to the United States Senate and House of Representatives, 6 November 1792
From: Washington, George
To: United States Senate and House of Representatives

United States [Philadelphia] November the 6th 1792.

Fellow-Citizens of the Senate, and House of Representatives.
It is some abatement of the satisfaction, with which I meet you on the present occasion, that in felicitating you on a continuance of the National prosperity generally, I am not able to add to it information that the Indian hostilities, which have, for some time past, distressed our North Western frontier, have terminated.
You will, I am persuaded, learn with no less concern than I communicate it, that reiterated endeavours, towards effecting

a pacification, have hitherto issued only in new and outrageous proofs of persevering hostility on the part of the tribes with whom we are in contest. An earnest desire to procure tranquillity to the Frontier—to stop the further effusion of blood—to arrest the progress of expense—to forward the prevalent wish of the Nation, for peace, has led to strenuous efforts, through various channels, to accomplish these desireable purposes: In making which efforts, I consulted less my own anticipations of the event, or the scruples which some considerations were calculated to inspire, than the wish to find the object attainable; or if not attainable to ascertain unequivocally that such is the case.
A detail of the measures which have been pursued, and of their consequences, which will be laid before you, while it will confirm to you the want of success, thus far, will, I trust, evince that means as proper and as efficacious as could have been devised, have been employed. The issue of some of them, indeed, is still depending; but a favourable one, though not to be despaired of, is not promised by anything that has yet happened.
In the course of the attempts which have been made, some valuable citizens have fallen victims to their zeal for the public service. A sanction commonly respected even among Savages, has been found, in this instance, insufficient to protect from massacre the emissaries of peace. It will, I presume, be duly considered whether the occasion does not call for an exercise of liberality towards the families of the deceased.
It must add to your concern, to be informed, that besides the continuation of hostile appearances among the Tribes North of the Ohio, some threatening symptoms have of late been revived among some of those south of it.
A part of the Cherokees, known by the name of Chickamagas, inhabiting five villages on the Tenessee River, have long been in the practice of committing depredations on the neighbouring settlements.
It was hoped that the treaty of Holston made with the Cherokee Nation in July 1791, would have prevented a repetition of such depredations. But the event has not answered this hope. The Chiccamagas, aided by some Banditti of another tribe, in their vicinity, have recently perpetrated wanton, and unprovoked hostilities upon the citizens of the United States in that quarter. The information which has been received on this subject will be

laid before you. Hitherto defensive precautions only have been strictly enjoined, and observed.
It is not understood that any breach of treaty, or aggression whatso[e]ver, on the part of the United States, or their Citizens, is even alledged as a pretext for the spirit of hostility in this quarter.
I have reason to beleive that every practicable exertion has been made (pursuant to the provision by law for that purpose) to be prepared for the alternative of a prosecution of the war, in the event of a failure of pacific overtures. A large proportion of the troops authorized to be raised, have been recruited, though the number is still incomplete. And pains have been taken to discipline, and put them in condition for the particular kind of service to be performed. A delay of operations (besides being dictated by the measures which were pursuing towards a pacific termination of the war) has been in itself deemed preferable to immature efforts. A statement, from the proper department, with regard to the number of troops raised, and some other points which have been suggested, will afford more precise information, as a guide to the legislative consultations; and among other things will enable Congress to judge whether some additional stimulus to the recruiting service may not be adviseable.
In looking forward to the future expence of the operations, which may be found inevitable, I derive consolation from the information, I receive, that the product of the Revenues for the present year is likely to supersede the necessity of additional burthens on the Community, for the service of the ensuing year. This, however, will be better ascertained in the course of the Session; and it is proper to add, that the information alluded to proceeds upon the supposition of no material extension of the spirit of hostility.
I cannot dismiss the subject of Indian Affairs, without again recommending to your consideration the expediency of more adequate provision for giving energy to the laws throughout our interior frontier; and for restraining the commission of outrages upon the Indians; without which all pacific plans must prove nugatory. To enable, by competent rewards, the employment of qualified and trusty persons to reside among them, as agents, would also contribute to the preservation of peace and good neighbourhood. If in addition to these expedients, an eligible plan could be divised for promoting civilization among the

friendly tribes, and for carrying on trade with them, upon a scale equal to their wants, and under regulations calculated to protect them from imposition and extortion, it’s influence in cementing their interests with our’s could not but be considerable.
The prosperous state of our Revenue has been intimated. This would be still more the case, were it not for the impediments, which in some places continue to embarrass the collection of the duties on spirits distilled within the United States. These impediments have lessened, and are lessening in local extent; and as applied to the community at large, the contentment with the law appears to be progressive.
But symptoms of increased opposition having lately manifested themselves in certain quarters; I judged a special interposition on my part, proper and adviseable, and, under this impression, have issued a proclamation, warning against all unlawful combinations and proceedings, having for their object or tending to obstruct the operation of the law in question, and announcing that all lawful ways and means would be strictly put in execution for bringing to justice the infractors thereof and securing obedience thereto.
Measures have also been taken for the prosecution of Offenders: And Congress may be assured, that nothing within constitutional and legal limits, which may depend on me, shall be wanting to assert and maintain the just authority of the laws. In fulfilling this trust, I shall count intirely upon the full co-operation of the other departments of the Government, and upon the zealous support of all good Citizens.
I cannot forbear to bring again into the view of the Legislature the subject of a Revision of the Judiciary System. A representation from the Judges of the Supreme Court, which will be laid before you, points out some of the inconveniencies that are experienced. In the course of the execution of the laws, considerations arise out of the structure of that system, which, in some cases, tend to relax their efficacy. As connected with this subject, provisions to facilitate the taking of bail upon processes out of the Courts of the United States, and a supplementary definition of Offences against the Constitution and laws of the Union, and of the punishment for such Offences, will, it is presumed, be found worthy of particular attention.
Observations on the value of peace with other nations are unnecessary. It would be wise however, by timely provisions, to

guard against those Acts of our own Citizens, which might tend to disturb it, and to put ourselves in a condition to give that satisfaction to foreign nations which we may sometimes have occasion to require from them. I particularly recommend to your consideration the means of preventing those aggressions by our Citizens on the territory of other Nations, and other infractions of the law of Nations, which, furnishing just subject of complaint, might endanger our peace with them. And, in general, the maintenance of a friendly intercourse with foreign powers will be presented to your attention by the expiration of the law for that purpose, which takes place, if not renewed, at the close of the present Session.
In execution of the authority given by the Legislature, measures have been taken for engaging some artists from abroad to aid in the establishment of our Mint; others have been employed at home. Provision has been made of the requisite buildings, and these are now putting into proper condition for the purposes of the establishment. There has also been a small beginning in the coinage of half-dismes; the want of small coins in circulation calling the first attention to them.
The regulation of foreign Coins, in correspondency with the principles of our national Coinage, as being essential to their due operation, and to order in our money concerns, will, I doubt not, be resumed and completed.
It is represented that some provisions in the law, which establishes the Post-Office, operate, in experiment, against the transmission of News-papers to distant parts of the Country. Should this, upon due inquiry, be found to be the fact, a full conviction of the importance of facilitating the circulation of political intelligence and information, will, I doubt not, lead to the application of a remedy.
The adoption of a Constitution for the State of Kentucky has been notified to me. The legislature will share with me in the satisfaction which arises from an event interesting to the happiness of the part of the Nation, to which it relates, and conducive to the general order.
It is proper likewise to inform you, that since my last communication on the subject, and in further execution of the Acts severally making provision for the public debt, and for the reduction thereof, three new loans have been effected, each for three

millions of florins—One at Antwerp, at the annual interest of four and one half per Cent, with an allowance of four per Cent in lieu of all charges, and the other two at Amsterdam, at the annual interest of four per Cent, with an allowance of five and one half per Cent in one case, and of five per Cent in the other, in lieu of all charges. The rates of these loans, and the circumstances under which they have been made, are confirmations of the high state of our Credit abroad.
Among the Objects to which these funds have been directed to be applied, the payment of the debts due to certain foreign Officers, according to the provision made during the last Session, has been embraced.

Gentlemen of the House of Representatives.

I entertain a strong hope that the state of the national finances is now sufficiently matured to enable you to enter upon a systematic and effectual arrangement for the regular redemption and discharge of the public debt, according to the right which has been reserved to the Government. No measure can be more desireable, whether viewed with an eye to its intrinsic importance, or to the general sentiment and wish of the Nation.
Provision is likewise requisite for the reimbursement of the loan which has been made of the Bank of the United States, pursuant to the eleventh section of the act by which it is incorporated. In fulfilling the public stipulations in this particular, it is expected a valuable saving will be made.
Appropriations for the current service of the ensuing year, and for such extraordinaries as may require provision, will demand, and I doubt not, will engage your early attention.

Gentlemen of the Senate, and of the House of Representatives.

I content myself with recalling your attention, generally, to such objects, not particularized in my present, as have been suggested in my former communications to you.
Various temporary laws will expire during the present Session. Among these, that which regulates trade and intercourse with the Indian Tribes, will merit particular notice.
The results of your common deliberations hitherto, will, I trust, be productive of solid and durable advantages to our Constituents; such as, by conciliating more and more their ultimate suffrage, will tend to strengthen and confirm their attachment to

that Constitution of Government, upon which, under Divine Providence, materially depend their Union, their safety and their happiness.
Still further to promote and secure these inestimable ends, there is nothing which can have a more powerful tendency, than the careful cultivation of harmony, combined with a due regard to stability in the public Councils.

Go: Washington


Title: Directive to John Christian Ehlers, 7 November 1792
From: Washington, George
To: Ehlers, John Christian

[Philadelphia] Novr 7th 1792.

List of Trees, Shrubs &c. had of Jno. Bartram to supply the place of those of his Catalogue of Mar: 92. which failed.

            No.
            —feet high

            E. d. 2 Ulex europeus
            grows from 3 to 4

            embellished with sweet scented flowers of a fine yellow colour. [Furze]

            a. 3. Hypericum kalmianum
            3 to 4.

            profusely garnished with fine gold coloured blossoms 2 plants. [“Shrub St. John’s wort”]

            4. Hyperi: Angustifolium
            3 to 6.

            Evergreen, adorned with fine yellow flowers.

            e. 5. Taxus procumbens
            3 to 6.

            Evergreen—of a splendid full green throughout the year—red berries. [Yew]

            E 6. Buxus aureus
            3 to 10.

            Elegant, called gilded box.

            E. 7. Daphne mezerium [mezereum]
            1 to 3.

            an early flowering sweet scented little shrub. [Mezereon, paradise plant]

            8. Calycanthus floridus
            4 to 8.

            Odoriferous, it’s blossoms scented like the Pine Apple. [“Sweet Shrub of Carolina,” Carolina allspice]

            E. 10. Æsculus hippocastanum.
            20. 40. to 50.

            a magnificent flowering and shady tree. [Horse chestnut]

            11. Euonimus atrapurpurius.
            6 to 8.

            It’s fruit of a bright crimson in the autumn (burning bush) 3 plants. [Euonymus atropurpureus]

            13. Franklinia [alatamaha].
            3, 15 to 20.

            flowers large, white and fragrant. Native of Georgia. [Franklin tree]

            16. Kalmia angustifolia.
            1 to 2.

            Evergreen. garnished with crimson speckled flowers. 4 plants. [“Thyme leav’d Kalmia,” lambkill, sheep laurel]

            24. Halesia tetraptera [or carolina].
            4, 10 to 15.

            flowers abundant. white, of the shape of little bells. [Carolina silverbell]

            25. Viburnum opulifolium.
            3 to 7.

            of singular beauty in flower & fruit

            27. Viburnum alnifolium—
            3 to 6

            handsome flowering Shrub. [Viburnum lantanoides; hobble bush]

            E. 29. Sorbus Sativa
            10, 15. 30.

            It’s fruit pear & apple shaped, as large & well tasted when mellow.

            31. Sorbus aucuparia.
            8. 15 to 30.

            foliage elegant: embellished with umbells of coral red berries. [European mountain ash]

            e. 36. Stewartia malachodendron
            5 to 8.

            floriferous. the flowers large and white, embellished with a large tuft of black or purple threads in their centre. [Silky stewartia or stuartia]

            38. Styrax grandifolium.
            3 to 10.

            a most charming flowering shrub blossoms snow white, & of the most grateful scent. (call’d Snow-drop tree.) [Snowbell, storax]

            E 39. Philadelphus coronarius
            4. 6. 10.

            a sweet flowering shrub (called mock Orange).

            40. Philadelphus inodorus
            5. 7. 10

            his robe a silver flowered mantle.

            e. 41. Pinus Strobus
            50. 80. 100

            magnificent! he presides in the ever green Groves. (White Pine)—4 Plants.

            *E 42. Pinus communis
            20. 40. 60.

            a stately tree, foliage of a Seagreen colour; and exhibits a good appearance whilst young.

            *E 43. Pinus Larix
            40 to 60.

            Elegant figure & foliage. [“Larch Tree”]

            45. Robinia villosa.
            1. 2. 3. 5. 6.

            a gay shrub enrobed with plum’d leaves and roseat flowers. 3 Plants. [“Peach Blossom Acacia”]

            52. Prunus chicasa.
            6. 8. 10.

            Early flowering, very fruitful; the fruit nearly round, cleft, red, purple, yellow of an inticing look, most agreeable taste & wholesome (chicasaw Plum.).

            57. Æsculus alba.
            1. 4. 6.

            The branches terminate with long erect spikes of sweet white flowers.

            E 58. Juniperus sabina.
            1. to 5.

            Evergreen. [Savin]

            54. Æsculus pavia.
            6. 8. 10. 12. 15.

            It’s light and airy foliage crimson & variegated flowers, present a gay and mirthful appearance; continually, whilst in bloom, visited by the brilliant thundering Huming-bird. The root of the tree is esteemed preferable to Soap, for scouring & cleaning woolen clothes. (2 plants) [Red buckeye]

            c. 63. Myrica gale
            2 to 4.

            possesses an highly aromatic, and very agreeable scent. (3 Plants). [“Bog gale,” sweet gale, bog myrtle]

            69. Mespilus pubescens
            2. 3. 4.

            an early flowering shrub of great elegance, produces very pleasant fruit. (2 Plants)

            E. f. 72. Colutia [Colutea] arborescens
            3. 6: 10.

            Exhibits a good appearance; foliage pinnated, of a soft pleasant green colour, interspers’d with large yellow papillionacious flowers in succession. [Bladder senna]

            77. Prunus Divaricata
            6. 8.

            diciduous, flowers white in raumes [racemes], stems diverging & branches pendulous. [Prunus cerasifera divaricata; cherry plum]

            78. Hydrangia [Hydrangea] arborescens
            3. 5 to 6.

            Ornamental in shruberies flowers white in large corymbes:

            79. Andromeda exilaris [axillaris].
            1 to 3.

            Evergreen. [Bog rosemary]

            80. Acer pumilum; s, montanum.
            4 to 8.

            handsome shrub for coppices. foliage singular, younger shoots, red. [Dwarf maple]

            84. Rubus odoratus
            3 to 7.

            foliage beautiful; flowers of the figure, colour & fragrance of the rose. [Flowering raspberry, thimbleberry]

            E 92. Laurus nobilis
            10. 20. 30.

            Sweet bay; a celebrated evergreen—leaves odoriferous. [“Red Bay,” bay laurel, sweet bay]

            c. 101. Arundo donax
            5. 6. 8.

            Maiden Cane.

            In addition to the above,

            October. 30th 1792.

            No. 1. Mespilus pyracantha. Evergreen Thorn. a very beautiful flowering shrub; in flower & fruit. evergreen in moderate climates, and not to be exceeded in usefulness, for hedges Fences &ca. [Pyracantha coccinea; firethorn]

October 30th 1792.
The following Letters in the margin serve to explain the natural soil & situation of the Trees, Shrubs, &c.

a rich, moist, loose or loamy soil, in shade of other trees.
b. rich deep soil.
c wet moorish soil.
d Dry indifferent soil.
e A good loamy moist soil in any situation.
f Any soil and situation.
E. Exoticks.

Directions for disposing of the Trees, Shrubs&ca, mentioned in the aforegoing list.
The intention of giving the heights to which they may grow, is, that except in the centre of the Six Ovals in the West Lawn; and at each end of the two large Ovals; none of the tall, or lofty growing trees (ever-greens) are to be planted. But this I would have done in all of them, whether any thing occupies these particular spots, or not: removing them if they do, to some other parts of the aforesaid Ovals. ⟨A⟩t each end of the 4 Smaller Ovals, trees of midling growth (for instance those which rise to 15, 20, or even to thirty feet) may be planted. My meaning is, that in the Centre of every Oval (if it is not already there) one of the lofty growing trees should be planted; and the same done at each end of the two large Ovals; and at the ends of the 4 Smaller ones, trees of lesser size to be planted. The other parts of all of them to receive the Shrubs—putting the tallest, always, nearest the middle, letting them decline more into dwarfs towards the outer parts. This was my intention when they were planted in the Ovals

last Spring—but I either did not express my self clearly—or the directions were not attended to. I now hope they will be understood, and attended to both. The two trees marked thus (*) in the Margin, I would have planted by the Garden gates opposite to the Spruce Pines. I believe common pine are now in the places where I intend these, but they may be removed, being placed there merely to fill up the space. If any of these tall growing trees are now in any other part of the Ovals, except those here mentioned (and that you may be enabled better to ascertain this, I send you a list of what went from Bartrams Garden last Spring) I would have them removed, so as to conform to these directions; and if there be more with what are now sent, than are sufficient to comply with these directions, there may be one on each side of the two large Ovals making five in each. You will observe that the Pinus Strobus (or white Pines) are the loftiest of all the Tall trees which now are, or have been sent; and that it is these which are to form your centre trees—and the end trees of the two large Ovals.
I must request also, that except the large trees for the Centre & sides no regularity may be observed in planting the others in the Ovals—This I particularly desired last Spring, but found when I got home it was not attended to.
When you have disposed of all the trees & Shrubs agreeably to these directions return this Paper, and the general list which accompanies it, back again to me; as I may have occasion for them in procuring plants in future.
Note—If there are now growing in the Ovals, as many as 4 of the Hemlock Spruce (sent last Spring) let them be taken up when the ground is hard & deep frozen in the Winter, & placed on the sides of the two large Ovals instead of the White Pines, wch you might have put there in consequence of the aforegoing directions.


Title: From George Washington to the United States Senate and House of Representatives, 7 November 1792
From: Washington, George
To: United States Senate and House of Representatives

United States [Philadelphia] November 7th 1792.
Gentlemen of the Senate, and of the House of Representatives,

I lay before you copies of certain papers relative to the Spanish interference, in the execution of the Treaty entered into, in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety, between the United States and the Creek nation of Indians together with a letter from the Secretary of State to the President of the United States, on the same subject.

Go. Washington.


Title: From George Washington to the United States Senate and House of Representatives, 7 November 1792
From: Washington, George
To: United States Senate and House of Representatives

United States [Philadelphia] November 7th 1792.
Gentlemen of the Senate, and of the House of Representatives:

In pursuance of the law, I now lay before you a statement of the administration of the funds appropriated to certain foreign purposes, together with a letter from the Secretary of State, explaining the same.
I also lay before you
A Copy of a letter and representation from the Chief Justice and Associate Judges of the Supreme Court of the United States, stating the difficulties and inconveniencies which attend the discharge of their duties according to the present Judiciary System.
A Copy of a letter from the Judges attending the Circuit Court of the United States for the North Carolina District in June last, containing their observations on an act passed during the last Session of Congress, entitled “An Act to provide for the settlement of the claims of Widows and Orphans, barred by the limitations heretofore established, and to regulate the claims to Invalid Pensions”—and
A Copy of the Constitution formed for the State of Kentucky.

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Lebrun, 8 November 1792
From: Lebrun, Pierre-Henri-Hélène-Marie
To: Washington, George

Translation,
Paris the 8⟨th⟩ November 1792. The first year of the Republic.
P. Le Brun, Minister of Foreign Affairs for the Republic of France, to George Washington, President of the United States of America. Health, Peace and Liberty.
The return of Colo. Smith to the free Country of North America, furnishes me with an opportunity of presenting to George Washington the homage of my esteem, and my veneration for his civic virtues. I thank Heaven for it.
When the French helped to free your happy Country from the yoke which threatened to oppress it, they were themselves slaves; but the principles of liberty were in their hearts: they have since developped themselves; and the French are free—they are Republicans. These new Relations cannot but draw closer the bands which have for a long time united them with the American People. Let me be permitted to renew the assurances of the friendship & fraternity of the French. These sentiments will undoubtedly become more durable. May they extend themselves to all the people of both hemisphers! May the sacred principles of liberty & equality become the happy lot of all the world, as it is already of the people of America & France!
Colo. Smith is charged to communicate to George Washington plans worthy of his great Love. The Government of the Republic of France will be pleased that the Colonel should be charged with our Report as well as with your answer, your approbation—and the means of execution which you shall judge in your wisdom to be more convenient.

The Minister of Foreign Affairs Le Brun


Title: To George Washington from Lovell and Urquhart, 8 November 1792 [letter not found]
From: Lovell & Urquhart
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Lovell and Urquhart, 8 Nov. 1792. Tobias Lear, in his letter to Lovell and Urquhart of 16 Dec., referred to “your letter to him [GW] of the 8th of Novr.”


Title: To George Washington from the United States Senate, 8 November 1792
From: United States Senate
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] November the 8th 1792.
To the President of the United States—

Accept, Sir, our grateful acknowledgments for your address at the opening of the present Session. We participate with you in the satisfaction arising from the continuance of the general prosperity of the nation, but it is not without the most sincere concern that we are informed, that the reiterated efforts which have been made to establish peace with the hostile Indians have hitherto failed to accomplish that desired object: hoping that the measures still depending may prove more successful than those which have preceded them, we shall, nevertheless concur

in every necessary preparation for the alternative; and should the Indians on either side of the Ohio persist in their hostilities, fidelity to the Union, as well as affection to our fellow citizens on the frontiers will insure our decided co-operation in every measure, which shall be deemed requisite for their protection and safety.
At the same time that we avow the obligation of the Government to afford its protection to every part of the Union, we cannot refrain from expressing our regret that even a small portion of our fellow Citizens in any quarter of it should have combined to oppose the operation of the law for the collection of duties on spirits distilled within the United States—a law repeatedly sanctioned by the authority of the Nation, and at this juncture materially connected with the safety and protection of those who oppose it—should the means already adopted, fail of securing obedience to this law, such further measures as may be thought necessary to carry the same into complet operation cannot fail to receive the approbation of the Legislature, and the support of every patriotic Citizen.
It yields us particular pleasure to learn that the productiveness of the Revenue of the present year, will probably supersede the necessity of any additional tax for the service of the next.
The organization of the Government of the State of Kentucky being an event peculiarly interesting to a part of our fellow Citizens and conducive to the general order affords us particular satisfaction.
We are happy to learn that the high state of our Credit abroad has been evinced by the terms on which the new loans have been negociated.
In the course of the Session we shall proceed to take into consideration the several objects which you have been pleased to recommend to our Attention; and Keeping in view the importance of Union and Stability in the public Councils, we shall labor to render our decisions conducive to the safety and happiness of our Country.
We repeat with pleasure our assurances of confidence in your administration, and our ardent wish, that your unabated zeal for the public good may be rewarded by the durable prosperity of the Nation and every ingredient of personal happiness.

John Langdon, President, pro tempore, of the Senate


Title: To George Washington from Jonathan Dayton, 9 November 1792
From: Dayton, Jonathan
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Philadelphia Novr 9th 1792

Having delivered to the Secretary of the Treasury, pursuant to the 2nd Section of the Act of Congress entitled “An Act authorizing the grant & conveyance of certain lands to John Cleves Symmes & his associates,” military warrants sufficient to pay for One hundred & six thousand eight hundred & fifty seven acres of land, I am prepared, as Agent for, & the associate of, said Symmes to carry into effect the Act before mentioned, as well as the one previously passed, entitled “An Act for ascertaining the bounds of a tract of land purchased by John Cleves Symmes,” so far as the same depends on me.
As Mr Ludlow, the surveyor of the Ohio company and Miami purchases is now in town on his way to the western territory, & as his aid will be very useful, if not necessary, in defining the lines of boundary, I submit it to your consideration sir, whether it would not be adviseable to have him detained a few days for that purpose. I have the honor to be sir with the greatest respect & attachment Your most obedt servt

Jona: Dayton


Title: Tobias Lear to Jonathan Dayton, 9 November 1792
From: Lear, Tobias
To: Dayton, Jonathan

Sir,
Philadelphia Novr 9th 1792

In reply to your letter of this date, the President of the United States directs me to inform you, that he is ready to do, at any time, whatever may depend on him towards completing the “grant and conveyance of certain lands to John Cleves Symmes and his associates,” in conformity to An Act of the Legislature passed during

the last session of Congress. But as the President understands that there are certain things in that business which may require legal investigation, he thinks it proper that it should come to him through the Attorney General of the United States. I have the honor to be very respectfully Sir, Your most Obedt Servt

Tobias Lear.Secretary to the President of the United States.


Title: From George Washington to the United States Senate and House of Representatives, 9 November 1792
From: Washington, George
To: United States Senate and House of Representatives

United States [Philadelphia] November 9th 1792.
Gentlemen of the Senate and of the House of Representatives;

I now lay before you, a letter from the Secretary of State, covering the copy of one from the Governor of Virginia, with the

several papers therein referred to, on the subject of the boundary between that State, and the territory of the United States, south of the river Ohio. It will remain with the Legislature to take such measures, as it shall think best, for settling the said boundary with that State, and at the same time, if it thinks proper, for extending the settlement to the State of Kentucky, between which and the same territory, the boundary is, as yet, undetermined.

George Washington.


Title: To George Washington from the United States House of Representatives, 10 November 1792
From: United States House of Representatives
To: Washington, George

Sir,
[Philadelphia] Saturday the 10th of November, 1792.

The House of Representatives, who always feel a satisfaction in meeting you, are much concerned that the occasion for mutual felicitation, afforded by the circumstances favorable to the national prosperity, should be abated by a continuance of the hostile spirit of many of the Indian tribes; and particularly, that the reiterated efforts for effecting a general pacification with them, should have issued in new proofs of persevering enmity, and the barbarous sacrifice of citizens who, as the messengers of peace, were distinguishing themselves by their zeal for the public service. In our deliberations on this important department of our affairs, we shall be disposed to pursue every measure that may be dictated by the sincerest desire, on one hand, of cultivating peace, and manifesting by every practicable regulation, our benevolent regard for the welfare of those misguided people: and

by the duty we feel, on the other, to provide effectually for the safety and protection of our fellow citizens.
While with regret we learn, that symptoms of opposition to the law imposing duties on spirits distilled within the United States, have manifested themselves, we reflect, with consolation, that they are confined to a small portion of our fellow-citizens. It is not more essential to the preservation of true liberty, that a government should be always ready to listen to the representations of its constituents, and to accommodate its measures to the sentiments and wishes of every part of them, as far as will consist with the good of the whole, than it is, that the just authority of the laws should be steadfastly maintained. Under this impression, every department of the Government and all good Citizens must approve the measures you have taken, and the purpose you have formed, to execute this part of your trust with firmness and energy; and be assured, Sir, of every constitutional aid and cooperation which may become requisite on our part. And we hope, that while the progress of contentment under the law in question, is as obvious as it is rational, no particular part of the community may be permitted to withdraw from the general burthens of the Country, by a conduct as irreconcileable to national justice as it is inconsistent with public decency.
The productive state of the public revenue, and the confirmation of the Credit of the United States abroad, evinced by the loans at Antwerp and Amsterdam, are communications the more gratifying, as they enforce the obligation to enter on systematic and effectual arrangements for discharging the public debt, as fast as the conditions of it will permit; and we take pleasure in the opportunity to assure you of our entire concurrence in the opinion, that no measure can be more desireable, whether viewed with any eye to the urgent wish of the community, or the intrensic importance of promoting so happy a change in our situation.
The adoption of a Constitution for the State of Kentucky, is an event, on which we join in all the satisfaction you have expressed. It may be considered as particularly interesting; since, besides the immediate benefits resulting from it, it is another auspicious demonstration of the facility and success with which an enlightened people is capable of providing, by free and deliberate plans of government, for their own safety and happiness.
The operation of the law establishing the Post-Office, as it relates

to the transmission of news-papers, will merit our particular enquiry and attention; the circulation of political intelligence through these vehicles, being justly reaconed among the surest means of preventing the degeneracy of a free government, as well as of recommending every salutary public measure to the confidence and co-operation of all virtuous Citizens.
The several other matters which you have communicated and recommended, will, in their order, receive the attention due to them. And our discussions will in all cases, we trust, be guided by a proper respect for harmony and stability in the public councils, and a desire to conciliate, more and more, the attachment of our Constituents to the Constitution, by measures accommodated to the true ends for which it was established. Signed by Order, and in behalf of the House

Jona. Trumbull, Speaker.
Attest. John Beckley, Clk


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 12 November 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] Nov. 12. 92.

Th: Jefferson has the honor to inclose to the Presidt a letter from mister Pinckney. he will have that of waiting on him to-day to know what to say to the Commrs of the Federal seat about the order for money on Virginia.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 12 November 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

[Philadelphia] Nov. 12. 92.

Th: Jefferson has the honor to inclose to the President Judge Turner’s answer. his office has been thoroughly searched, and no copy exists there of the act of Virginia giving money for the federal buildings: that of Maryland only is there. he is in hopes it may be among the President’s papers.
Dr Barton, a learned & very ingenious gentleman of this city, mentioning to Th: J. that he had never had the honour of being presented to the President, asked to be presented. if the President has no objections Th: J. will take that liberty tomorrow at three aclock.