Title: To George Washington from Henry Laurens, 5 June 1778
From: Laurens, Henry
To: Washington, George

                        Sir.
                        York Town [Pa.] 5 June 1778.

                    I had the honor of writing to Your Excellency under yesterdays date with a p.S. of this Morning by Saxton.
                    A Report on Your Excellency’s Letter of the 1st Inst. relative to measures necessary to be taken in Philadelphia in case the Enemy shall abandon that City had been considered in part yesterday & I had entertained hopes the whole would have been determined this Morning, but other business having interfered & occasioned delay I judge it necessary to transmit the inclosed Resolve, which, if it is ever to have operation, I apprehend cannot reach Your Excellency too soon. I have the honor to be With the highest Esteem & Respect Sir Your Excellency’s Most Obedient servant

                        Henry Laurens,President of Congress.

                        Your Excellency’s favor of the 4th together with divers dispatches from Sr H. Clinton Lord Howe &c. came to hand late this Evening now 10 oClock—shall be laid before Congress tomorrow.


Title: From George Washington to Captain William Scull, 5 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Scull, William

                        Sir
                        Head Quarters Valley Forge 5th June 1778

                    William Erskine Esqr. who is appointed Military Surveyor and Geographer is now here, endeavouring to arrange that department—fix upon the proper number of Deputies—and settle their Pay, appointments &ca. To do this, he would wish to see and consult you. I therefore desire you to come down immediately upon the receipt of this. If the movement of the Enemy from Philada should oblige the Army to quit this ground before you arrive, I will leave directions for you. I imagine the Business, you are at present upon, cannot suffer by a temporary absence. I am Sir Your most obt Servt

                        Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General William Smallwood, 5 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Smallwood, William

                        Dear sir.
                        Head Quarters Valley Forge 5 June 1778

                    In your last of the 2d Inst., with which I w⟨as⟩ favoured, you advised me that the motions of the enemies ships were closely watched: That 40 sail had passed Wilmington and anchored two miles below New-Castle.
                    As it is of much consideration t⟨mutilated⟩ the number that have passed thro’ the Chiveax de frize, and their present position, I would therefore wish to have the matter attended to with a good deal of care and communicated as soon as possible.
                    Our information ⟨mutilated⟩ Phila⟨delphia⟩ still wears the same face. They have crossed their waggons—and a quantity of pork and brea⟨d⟩ over Coopers ferry. A correspondent mentions that their rout will be directed, by different roads, to Elsinborough, about two miles below New Castle on the Jersey side, where he learns they mean to embark—But this is mere conjecture. I am Sir, your ⟨most⟩ hble servt

                        Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General William Smallwood, 5 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Smallwood, William

                        Dr Sir
                        Head Qrs [Valley Forge] 5 June 1778

                    I have been favoured with your’s of this date and approve of your coming on.
                    With respect to the Stores taken in the prize, I wish you to give direction to Mr Wade to have them brought on to the Army. The Salt, and Tea will be particularly useful. The party, who took them will be paid for such Articles as the public get. I am Dr Sir Yr Most Obedt sert

                        Go: Washington

                        P.S. On reflection the Sloop & Cargo must be libelled I beleive agreable to the Resolves of Congress. This will supersede the order for their removal; but they should be conveyed to some place of security.


Title: General Orders, 6 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To:

                        Head-Quarters Valley-Forge June 6th 1778.
                        Parol Perkaomy—C. Signs Portsmouth. Plymouth.

                    At a General Court Martial whereof Coll Chambers was President June 2nd 1778—Captn Stake of the 10th Pennsylvania Regiment tried for propagating a report that Coll George Nagle was seen on the 15th of May drinking either Tea or Coffee in Serjeant Howcraft’s tent with his Whore, her Mother, the said Howcraft and his Family to the Prejudice of good Order & military discipline.
                    The Court having considered the Charge & Evidence are unanimously of opinion that Captn Stake’s Justification is sufficient and do acquit him of the Charge exhibited against him.
                    The General approves the Acquittal.
                    At the same Court Lieutt Samuel Jones of the 15th Virginia Regiment tried for concealing and denying that he had in his Possession a pair of Mittins belonging to Capn Hull—2ndly Gaming on the 12th of May and at sundry other times—3rdly Behaving in a manner unbecoming an officer and Gentleman in treating Captn Hull with abusive language while under an Arrest and endeavoring to incense the Officers of his Regiment against him.
                    The Court having considered the charges & the Evidence are of Opinion that Lieutenant Jones is guilty of the charges exhibited against him, being breaches of the 5th Article of 18th section of the Articles of War, of repeated General Orders and of 21st Article of 14th section of the Articles of War and do sentence him to be discharged from the service.
                    The General is intirely disposed to believe from the Representations he has received in favor of Lieutenant Jones that he was incapable of having retained the Gloves with a fraudulent intention, but as he has been clearly proved to have been guilty of the pernicious Practice of Gaming which will invariably meet with every Mark of His Disapprobation he confirms the sentence of dismissing Lieutt Jones.
                    At the same Court Lieutt John Roberts of the 2nd North-Carolina Regiment tried 1st for behaving in a scandalous, infamous manner such as is unbecoming the Character of an Officer and a Gentleman—2ndly for absenting himself from Camp without leave.
                    The Court having considered the first Charge and the Evidence are unanimously of opinion that the facts stated in Evidence do not amount to scandalous infamous, behaviour, and do acquit Lieutt  Roberts thereof: Having considered the 2nd Charge and the Evidence are unanimously of opinion that Lieutenant Roberts is not guilty of 2nd Charge exhibited against him and do acquit him.
                    The General approves the Acquittal; He is sorry to see little personal Bickerings between Officers, which cannot with Propriety be drawn into military Offences made the subjects of a Court-Martial.


Title: From George Washington to Colonel George Baylor, 6 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Baylor, George

                        Dear sir.
                        Head Quarters Valley Forge 6th June 1778.

                    I have been favoured with yours of the 11th Ultimo.
                    The fourty men and fifty horse you mention in your letter are not yet arrived at Camp.
                    I have no new matter to recommend: you will use your endeavours in getting the swords and pistols completed as soon as possible. I am dear Sir your very hble servt

                        Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Major General Philemon Dickinson, 6 June 1778
From: Dickinson, Philemon
To: Washington, George

                        Dear Sir
                        Trenton [N.J.] June 6th 1778

                    I this moment, recieved the inclosed from General Maxwell—in consequence of which, the Troops at this Post, are prepareing to march down the River. An Express, from the other side of the River informs me, there is a large Detachment of the Enemy, advancing towards Newtown—a plundering Party I suppose. I have the honor to be, Your Excellency’s most Ob. St

                        Philemon Dickinson

                        P.S. The Tories in Bucks County, are very troublesome from every Information—should not some Notice be taken of them.


Title: From George Washington to Major General Nathanael Greene, 6 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Greene, Nathanael

                        Sir.
                        Head Quarters [Valley Forge] 6th June 1778.

                    Inclosed is a copy of the establishment of the Marechaussé, as passed in Congress the 20th Ulto—This Corps is to be armed and accoutred in the manner of Light Dragoons—You will therefore provide with all possible expedition sixty three horses, with proper Saddles and bridles—as the nature of the duty will principally require patroling within the distance of a mile from the pickets, the horses which were lately furnished by the State of Pennsilvania may serve the purpose—and such other horses may be taken to complete the number as are rather capable of fatigue, than possessed of such qualities as would recommend them for the Corps of Cavalry.
                    Capt. Heer who is to command this corps, will have immediate occasion for one horse, which you will order to be delivered to him—the rest are only to be kept apart so as to be ready when the men are draughted and furnished with Clothes. I am Sir &c.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General John Lacey, Jr., 6 June 1778
From: Lacey, John Jr.
To: Washington, George

                        Sir.
                        Bucks [Pa.] June 6th 1778.

                    the Millitia are free and leaves this tomorrow Morning except thirtten men from Bucks, and about ten from Phila. County just arived; application is made by the President of Bucks County Sessions for a party of men to Bring the Prisoners, sent to Eastown, by the Majurtry of that County to Plumstead Township, where June Court is to be held Next Week, I have thaught proper to order these two little parties on the above Business as the Prisoners are Numourous, I believe Upward of thirty and Chiefly Market people.
                    this post is now left intirly Naked but I am told Some More Militia are on their way. I remain Sir with Respe[c]t your Excellencys Most Obd. Hul. Srt.


Title: To George Washington from Henry Laurens, 6 June 1778
From: Laurens, Henry
To: Washington, George

                        Sir.
                        York Town [Pa.] 6th June 1778.

                    Referring to my Letter of yesterday’s date forwarded by the hands of Messenger Davis I proceed to inform Your Excellency that having laid before Congress the Letters from Lord Viscount Howe & Sir H. Clinton I have received instructions from the House to return the necessary replies. Accordingly, Your Excellency will find within this Inclosure a packet directed to His Lordship & another to Sir Henry which Your Excellency will be pleased to send forward.
                    I requested permission of Congress to transmit to Your Excellency Copies of these Addresses, which Your Excellency will find inclosed in one draught admitting the proper variations of Title. I have the honor  to be With the most perfect Regard & Respect Sir Your Excellency’s Obedient & most humble servant

                        Henry Laurens. President of Congress.


Title: From George Washington to Jonathan Lawrence, 6 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Lawrence, Jonathan

                        Sir
                        Head Quarters Valley Forge 6th June 1778

                    I am this day favd with yours of Yesterday. What Men are now upon their way to Easton may be sent from thence to join the Regiments now here. Those that remain in the State may, as you advise, be delivered, as they are collected, to Colo. Dubois’s Regiment. That Regiment was much reduced by the loss it sustained at the Storm of Fort Montgomery and Colo. Gansevoorts which is at Fort Schuyler is very full. I am Sir Yr most obt Servt.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General Casimir Pulaski, 6 June 1778
From: Pulaski, Casimir
To: Washington, George

                        Sir,
                        June 6 1778

                    The Duty of the Service keep me from present My Self to your Excellency my homage, I Send for this Purpose Mr De Segond he Will have the honour to tell you What of Want their Effect Will Depend from your Goodness & I Call upon them. I am With Respect Sir, your humble & obedient Servant

                        C. Pulaski Genl


Title: General Orders, 7 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To:

                        Head-Quarters Valley-Forge June 7th 1778.
                        Parole Roxbury— C. Signs Rutland Richmond.

                    The Court-Martial whereof Coll Chambers is President is dissolved, and another ordered to sit tomorrow at the usual Place to try all  persons that shall be brought before them—Coll Livingston will Preside—Each Brigade will give a Captain for the Court. A General Court-Martial to sit tomorrow at nine ôClock at the Gulph-Mill to try all such Persons as shall be brought before them—Lieutt Coll Smith will Preside—Four Captains and eight Subalterns from Colonel Jackson’s detachment to attend as Members.
                    The Court of Enquiry whereof Coll Johnson was President May 29th 1778—report as follows—The Court duly considering the Charge exhibited against Lieutt Coll Park and his Defence are of Opinion that he is guilty of having been absent from Camp without leave, but that he is not guilty of Negligence of Duty whilst in Camp. The Court taking into consideration the peculiar Circumstances attending Lieutt Coll Park’s absence and the punishment he has already endured in consequence of his Arrest & Suspension from duty, beg leave to recommend him to His Excellency as worthy of Acquittal.
                    The General restores Lieut. Coll Park to his Command.
                    The Honorable the Congress have been pleased to come to the following Resolutions respecting the Establishment of the Army.
                    In Congress May 27th 1778.
                    1st Infantry.
                    Resolved that each Battalion of Infantry shall consist of nine Companies one of which shall be of Light-Infantry.
                    The Light Infantry to be kept compleat by Drafts from the Battalion and organized during the Campaign into Corps of Light Infantry—That the Battalion of Infantry consist of

                                Pay pr Mo. Dollrs

                                Commissioned

                                1 Coll & Captain
                                75

                                1 Lieut. Coll & Captn
                                60.

                                1 Major
                                50.

                                6 Captains each
                                40.

                                1 Captn Lieutt
                                       26. 2 3.

                                8 Lieutts each
                                       26. 2 3.

                                9 Ensigns each
                                20.

                                1 Serjt Major
                                10.

                                1 Quartr Mr Serjt
                                10.

                                27 Serjeants each
                                10.

                                1 Drum Major
                                   9.

                                Pay-Master
                                20.
                                To be taken from the line.

                                Adjutant
                                13.
                                In addition to their Pay as Officers in the Line.

                                Quarter Mast.
                                13

                                1 Surgeon
                                           60 Dollrs

                                1 Surgeon’s Mate
                                40

                                1 Fife Majr
                                  9

                                18 Drums & Fifes each
                                               7 1 3rds

                                27 Corporals each
                                         7 1 3.

                                477 Privates each
                                          6 2 3.

                    Each of the Field Officers to command a Company—The Lieutt of the Coll’s Compy to have the Rank of Captn Lieutt.
                    2nd Artillery.

                        That a Battalion of Artillery consist of

                            Pay pr Mo. Dollrs

                            Commissioned

                            1 Colonel
                            100

                            1 Lieutt Coll
                              75.

                            1 Major
                                   62 1 3.

                            12 Captns each
                            50.

                            12 Captn Lieutts each
                                   33. 1 3.

                            12 1st Lieutts each
                                   33 1 3.

                            36 2nd Lieutts each
                                   33 1 3.

                            Pay-Mastr
                            25.
                            To be taken from the line.

                            Adjt
                            16.
                            In addition to their pay asOfficers in the line.

                            Qr Mastr
                            16.

                            1 Surgeon
                            75

                            1 Surgeon’s Mate
                            50

                            1 Serjeant Majr
                                            11 23 90ths

                            1 Qr Mr Serjt
                                            11 23/90ths

                            1 Fife Majr
                                       10. 38.90.

                            1 Drum Majr
                                        10. 38.90.

                            72 Serjts each
                            10.

                            72 Bombardiers each
                              9

                            72 Corporals each
                              9

                            72 Gunners each
                                       8 2 3.

                            24 Drums & Fifes each
                                      8 2 3.

                            336 Matrosses each
                                     8 1 3

                            3rd Cavalry.

                        That a Battalion of Cavalry consist of

                            Pay pr Mo. Dollrs

                            Commissioned

                            1 Coll
                                   93 3 4.

                            1 Lieutt Coll
                            75.

                            1 Major
                            60.

                            6 Captns each
                            50.

                            12 Lieutts each
                                   33 1 3.

                            6 Cornets each
                                   26 2 3.

                            1 Riding Mastr
                                   33 1 3.

                            Pay Mastr
                            25.
                            To be taken from the line.

                            Adjt
                            15.
                            In addition to their pay as Offrs in the line.

                            Qr Mr
                            15

                            1 Surgeon
                            60.

                            1 Surgeon’s Mate
                            40.

                            1 Sadler
                            10.

                            1 Trumpet Majr
                            11.

                            6 Farriers each
                            10.

                            6 Qr Mr Serjts each
                            15.

                            6 Trumpeters each
                            10.

                            12 Serjeants each
                            15.

                            30 Corporals each
                            10.

                            324 Dragoons each
                                8 1 3

                            4th Provost.

                        Resolved that a Provost be establish’d to consist of

                            Pay pr Mo. Dollrs

                            1 Captn of Provosts
                            50

                            4 Lieutts each
                                   33 1 3.

                            1 Clerk
                                   33 1 3.

                            1 Qr Mr Serjeant
                            15.

                            2 Trumpeters each
                            10.

                            2 Serjeants each
                            15

                            5 Corpls each
                            10.

                            43 Provosts or Privates each
                                    8 1 3.

                            4 Executioners each
                            10.

                    This Corps to be mounted on horseback and arm’d and accoutred as Light-Dragoons.
                    Resolved, That in the Engineering Department three Companies be established each to consist of

                            Pay pr Mo. Dollrs

                            1 Captain
                            50

                            3 Lieutenants each
                                   33 1 3

                            4 Serjeants each
                            10

                            4 Corporals each
                               9

                            60 Privates each
                                   8 1 3

                    These Companies to be instructed in the Fabrication of Field-Works as far as it relates to the manual and mechanical Part.
                    Their business shall be to instruct fatigue parties to do their duty with Celerity and Exactness; to repair Injuries done to the works by the Enemy’s fire and to prosecute Works in the Face of it.
                    The Commissioned Officers to be skilled in the necessary branches of the Mathematicks; The Non Commissioned Officers to write a good hand.

                    Resolved, That the Adjutant and Quarter Master of a Regiment be nominated by the Field Officers out of the Subalterns and presented to the Commander in Chief or the Commander in a separate Department for Approbation; and that being approved of, they shall receive from him a Warrant agreeable to such Nomination.
                    That the Pay-Master of a Regiment be chosen by the Officers of the Regiment out of the Captains or Subalterns and appointed by Warrant as above; The Officers are to risque their Pay in his hands.
                    The Pay-Masters are to have the Charge of the Cloathing and to distribute the same.
                    Resolved, That the Brigade Majors be appointed as heretofore by the Commander in Chief or Commander in a separate department out of the Captains of the Brigade to which he shall be appointed.
                    That the Brigade Quarter Master be appointed by the Quarter Master General out of the Captains or Subalterns in the Brigade to which he shall be appointed.
                    Resolved, That two Aids-de-Camp be allowed to each Major General, who shall for the future appoint them out of the Captains or Subalterns.
                    Resolved, That in addition to their Pay as Officers in the line there be allowed to

                            An Aide de-Camp
                            24 Dollars—pr Mo.

                            Brigade Major
                            24

                            Brigade Qr Mr
                            15

                    Resolved, That when any of the Staff Officers appointed from the line, are promoted above the ranks in the line out of which they are respectively appointable, their Staff Appointments shall be thereupon vacated.
                    The present Aids-de-Camp and Brigade Majors to receive their present Pay and Rations.
                    Resolved that, Aids-de-Camp, Brigade Majors and Brigade Quarter Masters heretofore appointed from the line shall hold their present Ranks and be admissible into the line again in the same rank they held when taken from the line; provided that no Aid, Brigade Major or Quarter Master shall have the Command of any Officers who commanded him while in the Line.
                    Resolved, That whenever the Adjutant General shall be appointed from the Line he may continue to hold his rank and Commission in the Line.
                    Resolved, That when supe[r]numerary Lieutenants are continued under this Arrangement of the Battalions who are to do the duty of Ensigns they shall be intitled to hold their rank and to receive the Pay such rank intitled them to receive.
                    Resolved, that no more Colonels be appointed in the Infantry, but  where any such Commission is or shall become vacant, the Battalion shall be commanded by a Lieutenant Colonel, who shall be allowed the same Pay as is now granted to a Colonel of Infantry and shall rise in Promotion from that to the Rank of Brigadier, and such Battalion shall have only two Field Officers (viz.)—a Lieutenant Colonel and Major but it shall have an additional Captain.
                    29th May 1778.
                    Resolved, That no Persons hereafter appointed upon the Civil Staff of the Army shall hold or be entitled to any Rank in the Army by Virtue of such Staff Appointment.
                    2nd June 1778.
                    Resolved, That the Officers herein after mentioned be entitled to draw one ration a day and no more; that where they shall not draw such ration, they shall not be allowed any Compensation in lieu thereof; And to the end that they may be enabled to live in a manner becoming their Stations.
                    Resolved, That the following sums be paid to them Monthly for their subsistence (viz.).

                            To every Colonel
                            50 Dollars pr Mo.

                            To every Lieut. Coll
                            40.

                            To every Major
                            30.

                            To every Captain
                            20.

                            To every Lieut. & Ensn
                            10.

                            To Every Regl Surgeon
                            30.

                            To every Regl Surgns Mate
                            10.

                            To every Chaplain of a Brigade
                            50.

                    Resolved, That Subsistence Money be allowed to Officers and others on the Staff in lieu of extra rations and that henceforward none of them be allowed to draw more than one ration a day.
                    Ordered, That the Committee of Arrangement be directed to report to Congress as soon as possible such an allowance as they shall think adequate to the station of the respective Officers and Persons employ’d on the Staff.

                        Extract from the MinutesCh. Thomson Secretary

                        All Officers will be careful to make themselves well acquainted with the Establishment and govern themselves accordingly.
                        The Commissaries will be particularly observant of what relates to their department with respect to rations and subsistence money.
                        ’Till the Regiments shall be arranged agreeable to this Establishment the Nomination of Regimental Staff Officers according to the Mode here pointed out is to be suspended.


Title: From George Washington to Henry Laurens, 7 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Laurens, Henry

                        Sir
                        Head Qrs [Valley Forge] June the 7th 1778

                    I have been duly honoured with your Favors of the 4 & 5 Inst., and with the Resolutions and papers to which they refer.
                    I have taken measures to communicate the New Establishment of the Army through the Line, and the sooner the arrangements can be made the better. Should there appear further regulations necessary, I shall take the liberty to offer my Sentiments respecting them.
                    My principal design in addressing you, so soon after the receipt of your Letters, is to advise Congress of the arrival of the Commissioners. Lord Carlisle, Governor Johnston & William Eden Esquire are come over in this character, and got to philadelphia yesterday. Lord Cornwallis is also arrived.
                    I have been just favoured with the inclosed British paper, which I transmit for your perusal. Some parts of it are very interesting.
                    By some accident, the Copies of the Resolutions of the 10th of January, referred to in that of the 4th Inst., have been mislaid or lost. This circumstance lays me under the necessity of troubling you with a request for Others. I have the Honor to be with great respect & esteem Sir Yr Most Obedt servant

                        Go: Washington.

                        P.S. I am told a Resolution passed about the 19th Ulto respecting the payment of prisoners either in the actual possession of the Enemy or on parole. I do not recollect to have been honoured with it, & if there is such a One I wish to be favoured with a Copy for the government of my conduct.


Title: General Orders, 8 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To:

                        Head-Quarters Valley-Forge June 8th 1778
                        Parole Sandwich—C. Signs Smithfield Stark.

                    Captn John Mercer of 3rd Virginia Regt is appointed to act as Aide-de-Camp to Majr Genl Lee & is to be accordingly respected.


Title: From George Washington to William Fitzhugh, 8–18 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Fitzhugh, William

                        Dear Sir,
                        Camp near Valley-forge June 8th[–18] 1778.

                    Your favor of the 8th past came duly to hand & the Letter inclosed in it for your Son safely delivered. I have given him a Cornacy in Baylors Regiment of light Dragoons, with which he seems to be pleased, and I have not a doubt will do honor to himself & the Corps, as he is spirited & possesses a fund of good sense, and good humour which  cannot fail of rendering him agreeable to the Regiment he is going into; the Officers in which being all Gentlemen. He had hopes of providing such necessaries as he wanted, at Wilmington; but his success in the attempt I have not heard.
                    We have been in daily expectation of an evacuation of the City of Phila. why it has not taken place before this, as the Baggage—Stores—& every thing else belonging to the Enemy is on board Transports I cannot undertake to say unless the arrival of the long talked of Commissioners has been the cause. these Gentlemen have at length appeared in the characters of Lord Carlisle, Govr Johnston & Mr Willm Eden.
                    June 18th I had wrote thus far, and in my hurry of business laying the Letter aside forgot it, till this days post reminded me of it. The enemy evacuated the City of Phila. this Morning they have proceeded from the Ferry at the Town towards Haddenfield in the Jerseys distant ten or twelve Miles but whether they will cross through the Jerseys to Amboy or File off to the Right & meet their Shipping near Newcastle in the Delaware remains to be discovered—Six Brigades of our Troops have already Marched for the Jersey and the whole Army will be in motion at five Oclock in the Morning.
                    My hurry will only allow me time to add my Compliments to Mrs Fitzhugh & to assure you that I am with great truth and sincerity Dr Sir Yr Most Obt & Affe Ser.

                        Go: Washington

                        P.S. Yr Son was very well an hour ago.


Title: To George Washington from Major General Horatio Gates, 8 June 1778
From: Gates, Horatio
To: Washington, George

                        Sir,
                        Robinson’s House [N.Y.] June 8th 1778.

                    By this Conveyance I have the honour to send Your Excellency, the last Accounts of the proceedings of the Enemy, as well upon Lake Champlain, as New York. I have long been of Opinion, that provided the ensuing Campaign, is Offensive on the side of the British, their Operations will be up the North River, and intirely bent to Attack the Eastern States; this is in some degree, an opinion supported by the intelligence from Crown Point.
                    General Warner from the Massachusetts; Commissioner for the Militia Drafts, & Recruits from that State; arrived here Yesterday; he says  the expected reinforcements will be here in Ten Days; And by a Letter from Governour Trumbull, I am informed, that Two Regiments of Militia may be hourly expected from Connecticut. Happily for us, the Enemy have not yet seized the Advantage, our weak State so invitingly offered them.
                    On Friday, agreeable to Your Excellency’s Orders, I sent the British Surgeons, with the Convalescent prisoners, in Two Albany Sloops, with a Flag to New York; and wrote as you desired, to The Commissary of Prisoners, to Exchange them for those of Our People, who have been the longest in Confinement. Your Excellency’s Letters of the 29th May, & 2nd June, were both delivered me by the same Express, and at the same time, on Fryday Evening. Your injunction in regard to forwarding the Arms, is Answered already; And I acquainted Colo: Malcolm, with Your Excellency’s determination Concerning him. I have no predelection in favor of any Man, for the Office of Depy Adjt General, but would feign have a good one; as to his Regiment being sent here, it was no request of mine, but of Governr Clinton’s, who, Colo: Malcolm told me, had undertaken to recruit it.
                    Colo. Sheldon with Sixty of His Regiment, arrived yesterday at peeks kill. with great respect I am Sir Your Excellencys most Obedient Humble Servant

                        Horatio Gates


Title: From George Washington to Major General Nathanael Greene, 8 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Greene, Nathanael

                        Sir
                        Head Quarters [Valley Forge] 8th June 1778.

                    As the Removal of the Troops under Genl Smallwoods Command will leave our Stores at the head of Elk exposed, and their only protection will be such as they may derive from the Militia of the Country You are without loss of time to have every thing of value in your magazines thereabouts, transported to the most convenient place for the purposes of the army. I am &c.
                    As Genl Smallwood with his Brigade is expected in Camp this forenoon, you will give immediate orders for marking his ground.


Title: From George Washington to Major General Nathanael Greene, 8 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Greene, Nathanael

                        Sir,
                        Head Quarters [Valley Forge] June 8th 1778

                    The very sickly situation of the camp, and the danger of its becoming still more alarming makes it improper we should remain longer on the present ground. You will be pleased in the course of this day, to reconnoitre  a new camp, with the aid of the chief Engineer. The object, principally to be attended to, is a wholesome situation, convenient for the accommodation of the men, well provided with wood and water, and at such a distance from this position, that we should run no risk, of its being gained by the enemy, on a sudden attempt, before we could have time to repossess it and make our dispositions—If to this advantage; could be added that of a defensible position, it would be desireable, but this you will only consider as a secondary object—In choosing the new camp you will endeavour to avoid taking one, which on account of the destruction of the woods, which it will necessarily occasion, may tend to weaken our present post. I am informed, there is some good ground for an incampment on our right; but I apprehend it is liable to the objection just mentioned—You will examine it and judge how far it may be the case.
                    I request your report this evening. I am Sir Yr Obedt servt.


Title: To George Washington from Henry Laurens, 8–9 June 1778
From: Laurens, Henry
To: Washington, George

                        Dear sir
                        York Town [Pa.] 8th[–9] June 1778

                    My Colleague Mister Drayton having shewn me about a fortnight ago the draught of a Report which he had prepared, stating charges against the General Officers who lately abandoned Tyconderoga & flattering me with assurances that he would soon offer it to Congress I delayed replying to Your Excellency’s favor of the 29th Ulto hoping for ground to intimate that, that business was ready to be dispatched to Your Excellency for the further necessary order. but to my great mortification it continues to be procrastinated, some of the Gentlemen of the Committee it seems are or have been desirous of new lights; in a word Sir, I am quite in opinion with those Gentlemen who say “the not proceeding in this matter is cruel & oppressive”—although I am as well convinced, the delay has not been calculated or intended to distress the parties affected. it has arisen from a vapid desultory habit, which if I am not mistaken, I have seen, squander Millions & endanger States. I speak with warmth & I beleive with equal truth—On my Country’s account as well as from a feeling for the Culprit Officers I am really  ashamed of our conduct respecting the particular affair in question—however as I can always take a decent freedom with my Colleague, who is really a diligent Man, I will not let him pass a day unreminded of the necessity for bringing forward his report—I sent off a Messenger to day with a Letter to Lancaster at his request for collecting somewhat relative to the business & I think he hinted that when that ingredient should be obtained the Report would be complete.
                    Frequent Items have been given in public of the disagreements of our Commissioners—this day a private perusal of papers treating on that subject gave me much pain.
                    I fear an investigation upon the arrival of Mister Deane who is every hour expected will spread the trouble wide—I have suppressed all that has been written to me & have sealed my Lips except to Your Excellency & one other Gentleman—I know all the Gentlemen yonder, some of them very intimately, know their tempers & habits & think I can mark out causes, but I can only deplore their impolitic & I was going to say School Boy jarrings & dread the consequences of a heated & injudicious discussion on this side.
                    9th late last Night Your Excellency’s public Letter of the 7th was brought to me I shall lay it before Congress at 10 oClock—Lord Abingdon’s protest does honor to Mister Morris of N. York, the merit of our Resolves of 22d April is fairly to be ascribed to him.
                    I have lately much regretted that I had it not in my power to transmit to Your Excellency some of the English papers which we had received & which indeed came originally into my own hands but judged it my Duty to present them to the House, where they were so, & so suddenly, dispersed as to deprive me of the reading even of one of them, yet I dare not say, I’ll take better care another time, my own duty will be to do, as I have done.
                    in order to save time I have sent to the Secretary’s Office a Young Man to Copy the Resolves of Congress required by Your Excellency, & which will be found here inclosed. I am with the most sincere Regard & Esteem Sir Your Excellency’s much obliged & most obedient servant

                        Henry Laurens.

                        Your Excellency will do me the honor to accept this as private.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Smallwood, 8 June 1778
From: Smallwood, William
To: Washington, George

                        Dear sir
                        East Whiteland [Pa.] 8th June 1778

                    I have inclosed you the proceedings, and Sentence of a Court Martial on the tryal of Capt. Norwood, it gives me much pain to trouble you with such business, when I am sensible your engagements are pressing, and your time taken up with bussiness of much more Importance, but from pure Motives of Public good, I find myself constrained to trespass on you thus far, to prevent in future the Service being obstructed, by Officers who may be actuated by a Spirit of Petulency, and induced through Licentiousness, and a Confidence in the Lenity of a Court Martial, to Cavil at, and dispute the propriety of General orders, to refuse absolutely to comply with them, setting up distinctions to justify their Conduct, void of Sense and Meaning, and which can have no other tendency but to embarrass the Service, influence and biass the judgment of Officers from a proper sense of their duty; and eventually unless discountenanced must destroy all Subordination, and ruin our service.
                    I make no doubt but my Conduct in this affair has been Misrepresented to your Excellency, from Capt. Norwoods Declaration and his defence, in which he indicates that he was pointed at, this is a reflection that does not Merit a solid reply, I shall therefore urge Nothing in my defence against the charge, further than to beg leave to Submit to your Consideration the testimony adduced, and the propriety and expediency of issueing the order, which he absolutely refused to obey; I am sorry to observe that such a spirit as above described, has long prevailed in many of our Officers, insomuch that their judgement in many Instances is perverted, and unless a reform can be effected, Court Martials must loose their force and effect, at least I am so well Satisfied with their inefficacy, that I shall wave the appointment in instances Similar, and have recourse to reporting the Offenders, that their Misconduct may be Cognizable before officers of a different strain, and train of thinking—Capts. Long, Eccleston & Norwood all agreed they would not be relieved but by Captains, that could not be done but by dissolving the Court Martial, or Subjecting the field and Subaltern Officers, who had just came off duty mounting again, this I thought unjust as the  Captains had done no duty since at the Encampment, and being Ten in Number, before that period had only Mounted one ⅌ day, when the Field out of four daily Mounted one, and the Subs. out of Eleven, daily Mounted Six or Seven—Capt. Long Suffered himself to be relieved, but has been much blamed for it since by Officers of that strain, Eccleston applied to his Field Officers Woolford and Stewart who both pointed out the Impropriety of his Conduct, he saw his Error and desired Colo. Woolford to intercede to see if the Arrest could be waved, which upon making an Acknowledgement in orders, he was relieved from; but Norwood Still Stickles, and urges this Indulgence to Eccleston as an Instance of Partiallity in me, he also objects to a Command of a Serjeants guard, as he stiles it, and in a Billett requests the charge against him in writing, dictated in a stile not very becoming an Inferior Officer to his Superior, when in the line of his duty, Specimens of which I inclose. I remain with great regard Your Excellency’s most Obdt & very Hble servt

                        W. Smallwood


Title: From George Washington to Jeremiah Wadsworth, 8 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Wadsworth, Jeremiah

                        Sir
                        Head Quarters [Valley Forge] 8th June 1778

                    As the Stores at the head of Elke will by the removal of the Troops under Genl Smallwoods Command have no other protection than such as may be afforded by the Militia in that neighborhood—you are  to have all the magazines of your Department transported without loss of time to the most convenient place for the purposes of the Army. I am &c.


Title: To George Washington from Major William Williams, 8 June 1778
From: Williams, William
To: Washington, George

                        Sir
                        June 8th 1778

                    I am sorry that I am under the necessity of troubling your Excellency, with the neglect with which I have been treated since I made my escape from Philada it is now ten weeks I have been waiting to be restored to the rank I am entitled to at the time I was taken prisoner, Your Excellency is sensible that it was by the neglect or design of General Wayne for what reasons I cannot tell, by Your Excellency order. I called on him by letter to acquaint you with the reasons, After I was made a prisoner, there was a Scandelous and malicious report raised and propogated, that I was drunk and designedly gave my self up to the enemy, which report I heard in Philadelphia, On the first oppertunity I wrote to General Wayne if he would support my Character while I was a prisoner, by takeing notice of the persons who asserted it, I would engage when I returned to clear myself of the aspersion; At my return to camp I called on those Gentlemen, who had spoke the most free, who made concessions for what they had said, one Gentleman in particular owned that he was drunk at the time and was sorry for what he had said, and that the report was public and could not point out the author; but was sorry he had credited it, but believed it arose from an Officer whom I had wounded in the action for cowardly behavior. As the report has been circulated in a dark manner it may yet be believed by many, and my being Superseded seemingly justifys the report—I do therefore most heartily beg of your Excellency, to demand immediately of General Wayne the reason of my being left out in the preferments, And a Court of enquiry be appointed to enquire into my conduct at the battle of Germantown, in order that If I am not restored to my Rank I may resign with such a Character that my Conduct merits. I am your Excellencys most Obedient Humble Servant

                        Wm Williams


Title: General Orders, 9 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To:

                        Head-Quarters Valley-Forge June 9th 1778.
                        Parole Tiverton—C. Signs Ticonderoga. Tilghman—

                    After the Division of the old Guards the Brigadier and Field Officers of the preceding day are to assemble at the Provost Guard and examine into the charges against the several Prisoners there and the Circumstances attending them, and to discharge all such as shall appear to be improperly confined or the length of whose imprisonment may be deemed a sufficient Punishment for their Crimes, or whose offences are so trifling as to make the Process of a General Court Martial unnecessary: This to be a standing order.
                    They are also to send to their Brigades and Regiments all those who ought to be tried by a Brigade or Regimental Court-Martial.
                    Three Captains and nine Lieutenants are wanted to officer the Companies of Sappers: As this Corps will be a School of Engineering it opens a Prospect to such Gentlemen as enter it and will pursue the necessary studies with diligence, of becoming Engineers & rising to the Important Employments attached to that Profession as the direction of fortified Places &c. The Qualifications required of the Candidates are that they be Natives and have a knowledge of the Mathematicks & drawing, or at least be disposed to apply themselves to those studies—They will give in their Names at Head-Quarters.
                    The Army is to take a new Camp tomorrow morning at 8 oClock: The whole is to be in readiness accordingly—and march to the respective Ground of Encampment which will be pointed out for each division by the Quarter Mastr Genl.
                    At a Division Court-Martial June 7th 1778. Lieut. Colonel Badlam President—Adjutant Allen of Coll Michael Jackson’s Regiment, tried first, for repeated disobedience of Orders—2nd for abusive language to Major Hull & refusing to leave his hutt when ordered, unanimously found guilty of the Charges exhibited against him and sentenced to be discharged the service.
                    The Commander in Chief approves the sentence and orders it to take Place.


Title: To George Washington from General Henry Clinton, 9 June 1778
From: Clinton, Henry
To: Washington, George

                        Sir
                        Head Quarters Philadelphia June 9th 1778

                    The Earl of Carlisle, Mr Eden and Governor Johnston, three of the Commissioners for restoring peace between Great Britain and America, are arrived in his Majesty’s Ship Trident and are come to Philadelphia.
                    Docr Ferguson, the Secretary to the Kings Commission, will be dispatched tomorrow Morning with a letter from their Excellencies to Congress. I am therefore to request that a passport from your Excellency may meet Dr Ferguson, who will be at your advanced post near Radnor about 10 OClock. I have the Honor to be Yr most obt humble Servt

                        H. Clinton.


Title: From George Washington to General Henry Clinton, 9 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Clinton, Henry

                        Sir,
                        Head Quarters [Valley Forge] June the 9th 1778

                    At nine oClock this evening, I had the honor, to receive your Excellency’s letter of this date.
                    I do not conceive myself at liberty to grant the passport, which you request, for Doctor Ferguson, without being previously instructed by Congress, on the subject. I shall dispatch a copy of your letter to them; and take the earliest opportunity of communicating their determination. I have the honor to be Sir Your most Obedient servant

                        Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Commissioners of Indian Affairs, 9 June 1778
From: Commissioners of Indian Affairs
To: Washington, George

                        Sir.
                        Albany [N.Y.] June 9th 1778

                    The commissioners of Indian affairs for this department are convened on a visit from a number of the Seneca warriors accompanied by a few Oniedas—Tuscaroras—Onondagas—and Mohawks; The chief errand of the former is to deliver up John Jenkins a prisoner carried to Niagara and to procure the liberty of Astiarix one of their own chiefs taken on the frontiers of Virginia, in exchange. At their own request some of their warriors accompanied by Major Wemp of Schenectady are permitted to proceed to the Southward in search of their chief whose recovery the whole nation have exceedingly at heart; not knowing where Astyarix is confined, tho’ we wrote to Congress for information we thought it most adviseable to direct them to proceed immediately to your Excellency’s camp and we beg that you will be pleased to take measures, to obtain the release of their cheif that he may be sent to us.
                    We have not on this occasion treated the Senecas as our friends, but with the distance and severity due to a tribe who have for the last twelve months without any reason or provocation, as they themselves confess, repeatedly been engaged in acts of Hostility against the United States.
                    They now give us the strongest assurances of their sorrow for what is passed, and their first resolution to become our friends for the future. We in answer demand more substantial proofs than words. We insist that they clear their country of all our enemies and deliver up the prisoners they may have taken from us. That nothing less will satisfy the United States; & that if it is not complied with they must look for examplary vengeance.

                    We nevertheless considering the nature of their present errand, told them they should be protected & treated with civility till it was accomplished.
                    We have many reasons for granting the permission they ask which will readily occur to your excellency; the rest of their party propose to continue in this Town till their return except one or two whom they have agreed to dispatch with messages to their nation.
                    It is with great concern we inform your Excellency that parties of Savages & Tories have made their appearance in different places on the western frontiers & that from repeated intelligence another considerable party are on their way from Canada to fall on our Northern frontiers—The country is greatly alarmed and distressed. The settlement of Cobals Kill in the vicinity of Schoharie was attacked by a party under Joseph Brandt on the last of May—A detachment of thirty Continental troops who hastened to their relief with about twenty militia were decoy’d into an ambuscade. The Captn Lieutt and above half the Continental troops who were advanced & some of the militia were killed—Eleven houses besides other buildings burnt and the whole settlement plundered and a large number of Cattle carried away.
                    Another party lies at Sacondaga & have taken several prisoners—There can be no doubt but all the disaffected are assembling. The defenceless frontier inhabitants are again conveying their families into places of security, and we may expect every moment to hear of further depradations.
                    The militia from the lower parts of this County are marching to their releif; But it is a misfortune, that they have been accostomed to think of an Indian war with too much horror. there are no Continental Troops to raise and support their spirits, by example and discipline, nor indeed do we know how to direct the force we may be able to collect; the enemy in such a predatory war having the choice of a variety of objects and moving from place to place with celerity. They take care to avoid Fort Schuyler in the vicinity of which every thing is quiet; but that Garrison confined to the defence of their post, if they were not busily employed in improving and compleating their fortifications, could be of little service in stopping the progress of the enemy—Warners Regiment is on the Northern frontier of this State, where we fear they will soon find sufficient employ. your Excellency will conclude from this detail, which is not exaggerated, that this department is greatly distressed and in want of support.
                    The Oneidas & Tuscaroras have also taken the alarm, and dispatch the inclosed letter requiring the return of their warriors for their own defence, as they are equally with us obnoxious to our enemies. We take the liberty of Suggesting to your Excellency that should the British  troops be on the point of leaving Philadelphia, the Oneidas ought not to be apprised of the message from their Sachems until that event has taken place.
                    If from their own knowledge they can on their return convince the six nations that the British army have decamped, it must be productive of important consequences, and go far to put an end to the ravages which are so distressing in this quarter; and which if not soon terminated must greatly affect the army in the article of flour.
                    Jenkins the prisoner delivered up by the Senecas informs us that the garrison of Niagara consists of about two hundred of the eighth british regiment, and fourty five tories, commanded by Leut. Col. Bolton; That they have twelve cannon mounted, and plenty of Amunition; but in want of provisions—Their parties on our frontiers have been successful in sending in Cattle to that garrison; about fourty having arrived while Jenkins was there—Unhappily it is now too much in their power to send any number they please.
                    Col. Bedel of Cohass in a letter of the 25 May gives us the following information “By the last intelligence I can get from the Indians, a large reinforcement is in the river St Laurence, the number they cannot ascertain, but it is very large.” We have the honor to be with the greatest respect, Sir your Excellency’s Most obedt & very hble servts

                        Jas Duane Volckert P. Douw


Title: From George Washington to Francis Dana, 9 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Dana, Francis

                        Dear sir.
                        Head Quarters Valley Forge 9th June 1778

                    I was favoured with a resolution of Congress of the 4th Inst., by which you are appointed to assist in the arranging of the army. As so important a matter ought not to be delayed I would be glad to see you at camp as soon as possible; and to know when I can have that pleasure. I am &c.

                        Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Major General Philemon Dickinson, 9 June 1778
From: Dickinson, Philemon
To: Washington, George

                        Dear Sir
                        Trenton [N.J.] 9th June 1778

                    Your favors of the 5th & 7th instant, I receivd last Evening, your Excellency’s Orders, respecting the disposition of the Militia, upon the Enemy’s expected march thro’ the Jerseys, shall be strictly complied with.
                    I shall endeavour to be prepared for them, but it will take some time, to assemble a very large Body of Militia, I have no doubt they will turn out, with Spirit, upon such an occasion.
                    A small party of our Militia, brought off from Staten Island, a few Nights ago, an Island Colonel, (Farmer) & eleven Privates—nothing new from that quarter, no preparations making, that can be discover’d. I have the honor to be, Your Excellency’s most Ob. St

                        Philemon Dickinson


Title: To George Washington from William Eden, 9 June 1778
From: Eden, William
To: Washington, George

                        Sir
                        Philadelphia June 9th 177[8]

                    Doctor Ferguson whose Eminence in the literary World wd alone entitle Him to a favourable Reception with your Excellency will have the Honour to deliver this Note together with a Packet of Letters to several Gentlemen on this Continent. The Letters were left at my House in London a little previous to my Departure from England when I was too much occupied to see the Persons who brought them & as I directed my Secretary to close the flying Seals under which they were chiefly delivered, without any Examination I do not know their Contents, but am confident that they are either on mere private Matters, or at any Rate contain nothing that your Excellency will think improper to transmit.
                    I also send herewith two Letters to your Excellency: The one which is sealed was so left to my Care by some Person unknown to my Servants, together with a Parcel which by Mistake is still aboard Commodore Elliots Vessel. but shall be forwarded as soon as I can obtain it. The other is from my Brother, & I cannot forward it without expressing the sincere Regret I feel, at the little Prospect I have of Opportunities to be personally known to you & to cultivate Your Esteem. It is with Truth however & with great Respect that I subscribe myself Sir Your Excellency’s very faithfull Hble Servt

                        Wm Eden


Title: From George Washington to Adam Ferguson, 9 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Ferguson, Adam

                        Sir
                        Head Qrs [Valley Forge] June 9: 1778

                    The Letter which accompanies this will inform Sir Henry Clinton, that I can not grant the passport requested by his Favor of this date, without the previous instructions of Congress upon the subject. This I have thought proper to advise you of to prevent you the inconvenience of proceeding, should this find you on the way. I have the Honor to be Sir Your Most Obedt servt

                        Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Major General William Heath, 9 June 1778
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

                        Dear General
                        Head Quarters Boston June 9th 1778.

                    I am this moment informed that a french Ship of Twenty Guns arrived at Portsmouth on fryday last with a valuable Cargo of Cloathing Arms, Horse furniture &c., for the use of the United States. She left France the 12th of April. War was not declared at that time, but the greatest preparations making for it, both in France & England.
                    Major Courtis and Adjutant Dunckerley never received Commissions none having been sent for Colo. Henleys Regiment. Enclosed is Ensign Winship’s Commission which was lodged with me sometime since, upon receiving your Excellency’s pleasure for his resigning of it. I have the honor to be With great respect Your Excellency’s Most Obedt Servt

                        W. Heath


Title: From George Washington to Henry Laurens, 9 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Laurens, Henry

                        sir.
                        Head Quarters Valley Forge 9th June 1778.

                    I was favoured with yours of the 6th Inst. inclosing copies of your answers to Lord Howe and General Clinton. The originals I sent in early this morning by a flag.
                    I have the honor to transmit you a duplicate of a letter I received from Sir Henry Clinton for the purpose of procuring a passport for Doctor Ferguson (the secretary to the Kings Commission) to Congress, with my answer to him; on the subject of which, congress, will be pleased to favor me with their instructions. I have the honor to be with great respect your very hble servt

                        Go: Washington


Title: General Orders, 10 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To:

                        Head-Quarters Valley-Forge June 10th 1778.
                        Parole Valor.C. Signs Vigilance Victory—


Title: To George Washington from Major General Philemon Dickinson, 10 June 1778
From: Dickinson, Philemon
To: Washington, George

                        Dear Sir
                        Trenton [N.J.] June 10th 1778 11 OClock P.M.

                    I have communicated, the contents of your Excellency’s letter of the 8th instant, to Governor Livingston, who is of Opinion, that it would not be proper to call in the Militia, untill the hours of real Danger—for which reason shall delay it, unless I should recieve your Excellency’s orders, for that purpose.
                    The inclosed letter accompanied a Turtle, which shall be forwarded by the first opportunity. Two valuable Prizes were sunk into Toms River, two days ago, by a small New England Privateer, part of the Cargoes, consists of one hundred & fifty hogsheads Rum—this small Privateer  within five weeks past, has taken Prizes, to the amount of, One hundred & fifty thousand pounds.
                    I this moment received a letter from Elizabeth Town, nothing new. I have the honor to be, Your Excellency’s most Ob. St

                        Philemon Dickinson


Title: From George Washington to Henry Laurens, 10 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Laurens, Henry

                        Sir
                        Head Qrs [Valley Forge] June 10th 1778

                    Major Campbell of the 13th Virginia Regiment will have the Honor of presenting you with this. He is now on his way at the earnest sollicitation of General McIntosh to serve in the Western department and waites on Congress to obtain, if they shall think proper, a Commission for a Lieutenant Colonelcy in the Virginia Line, to which he has been intitled in the ordinary course, since the 20th of February last. The Major sustains the character of a good and brave Officer and has behaved as such during his service. He is the more desirous of getting a Commission at this time, as otherwise he may be commanded by the Lieutenant Colonels to be, or who are appointed to the two new Regiments, lately ordered to be raised in that Quarter. I do not know the particular Regiment to which he should be affixed, therefore, if he obtains a  Commission it may be left blank in this instance. I have the Honor to be with great respect Sir Your Most Obedt servt

                        Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General Lachlan McIntosh, 10 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: McIntosh, Lachlan

                        Dr Sir
                        Head Qrs [Valley Forge] June the 10th 1778

                    I have been favoured with your Letter of the 7th Instant.
                    I am sorry to find, that more vigorous measures have not been pursued for promoting the objects of your command. From the apprehensions which seemed to prevail, of inroads by the Savages and the desire to repel them, I hoped by this, that things would have been in a much better train.
                    I assure you, Sir, I would willingly give you every justifiable aid from this Army. At present, the situation of affairs will not permit my doing more, than what I have already. The Enemy are yet in philadelphia with a respectable force, and our’s but very little if any increased, since you left us. From what reason I shall not pretend to determine, but certainly there is an unaccountable kind of lethargy in most of the States in making up their quotas of Men. It would almost seem from their witholding their supplies or not sending them into the Field, that they consider the war as quite to an end. Colo. Broadhead will march to morrow with his Regiment, and Major Campbell in consequence of your request will also set out to serve with you.
                    On Saturday the Earl of Carlisle, Wm Eden Esqre & Governor Johnston arrived at Philadelphia in character of Commissioners. What effect this event will have, on the operations or movements of the Enemy, remains to be known. It may retard the evacuation of philadelphia for some time. I am Dr Sir with great regard & esteem Yr Most Obedt servt.


Title: From George Washington to Major General John Sullivan, 10 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Sullivan, John

                        Dear sir.
                        Head Quarters Valley Forge 10th June 1778

                    I have to acknowledge your favor of the 26th Ulto.
                    Considering the weak condition of your command I am not surprised at the enemies incursion. It was what you had reason to expect, tho’ without force sufficient to prevent the stroke.
                    You are informed, you tell me, that the superior bounty and privileges for serving in the continental army, is the great reason why you experience so much backwardness in recruiting for your service. I can assure you the army in this quarter is not sensible of the effect very inconsiderable reinforcements as yet, having arrived from the Eastern States.
                    Last night Sir Henry Clinton announced the arrival of the Earl of Carlisle, Governor Johnston and ⟨Mr⟩ Eden, the Kings Commissioners. I am Dr Sir your very hble sert.


Title: From George Washington to John Augustine Washington, 10 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Washington, John Augustine

                        Dear Brother,
                        Camp near Valley forge June 10th 1778.

                    I do not recollect the date of my last to you, but although it is not long ago, I cannot let so good an oppertunity, as Captn Turberville affords, slip me. Your favors of the 10th of April from Bushfield, and 8th of May from Berkeley, are both before me, and have come to hand, I believe, since my last to you.
                    We have been kept in anxious expectation of the Enemy’s evacuating Phila. for upwards of fourteen days; and I was at a loss, as they had Imbarked all their Baggage, Stores, &ca on Board Transports, and had passed all those Transports (a few only excepted) below the Cheveaux de Frieze, to acct for their delay; when behold on Friday last the additional Commissioners, to wit, Lord Carlisle, Govr Johnson, & Mr Willm Eden arrived at the City—whether this, heretofore, has been the cause of the delay I shall not undertake to say, but, more than probably, it will detain them for some days to come—they give out, as I understand, that we may make our own terms provided we will but return to our dependance on Great Britain; but, if this is their expectation, & they have no other powers than the Acts (which we have seen) give them, their will be no great trouble in manageing a negotiation; nor will their be much time spent in the business I apprehend. They talk, as usual, of a great reinforcement; but whether the situation of affairs between them and France will admit of this, is not quite so clear—my wishes lead me,  together with other circumstances, to believe that they will find sufficient employment for their reinforcements at least, in other Quarters—time however will discover, & reveal things more fully to us.
                    Out of your first and Secd draught by which we ought to have had upwards of 3500 Men for the Regiments from that State, we have received only 1242 in all. I need only mention this fact in proof of what other States do—of our prospects also—and, as a criterion by which you may form some estimate of our real numbers when you hear them, as I doubt not you often do, spoke of in magnified terms. From report, however, I should do injustice to the States of Maryland & New Jersey, were I not to add, that they are likely to get their Regiments nearly compleated.
                    The extreme fatigue & hardship which the Soldiers underwent in the course of the Winter, added to the want of Cloaths, &, I may add, Provisions, have rendered them very sickly, especially in the Brigade you have mentioned (of No. Carolina)—many deaths have happened in consequence—& yet the Army is in exceeding good Spirits.
                    You have, doubtless, seen a publication of the Treaty with France—the Message of the King of France by his Ambassader to the Court of London, with the Kings Speech to, and addresses of, Parliament upon the occasion—If one was to judge of the Temper of these Courts from these documents, War I should think must have commenced long before this, & yet the Commissioners (but we must allow them to lye greatly) say it had not taken place the 28th of April, & that the differences between the two Courts was likely to be accomodated—but I believe not a word of it—& as you ask my opinion of Lord North’s Speech & Bills, I shall candidly declare to you, that they appear to me, to be a compound of Fear, art, & villainy, & these ingredients so equally mixed, that I scarcely know which predominates.
                    I am sorry to hear of Billy Washingtons ill health, but hope he is recovered—Mrs Washington left this the day before yesterday for Mt Vernon. My love to my Sister & the Family is most sincerely offered, and I am with the truest regard and affection Yrs Most sincerely

                        Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Colonel Edward Wigglesworth, 10 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Wigglesworth, Edward

                        Sir.
                        Head Quarters [Valley Forge] 10th June 1778.

                    As the testimony of Colonel Greene is judged necessary by the Court of Inquiry, to ascertain the facts in dispute between Lt Col. Duplessis and the Officers of Artillery—and that Gentlemans personal appearance cannot be obtained—the most equitable way of procuring his evidence will be, that you should digest in writing such questions as the Court and each party in their presence shall think proper to be put to Colonel Greene, and transmit them with a request that he will return you his Answers on Oath as speedily as possible. I am Sir Your most obedt Servt

                        Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Francis Dana, 11 June 1778
From: Dana, Francis
To: Washington, George

                        Dear Sir
                        York [Pa.] June 11th 1778

                    I had the honor last evening, of your favor of the 9th inst: requesting me to repair to camp to assist in the business of arranging the army, as soon as possible Although I am impressed with the necessity of that business being finished without delay, yet I cannot in duty to the State I represent quit Congress till the Confederation is ratified, which I hope will be done in a few days—In the mean time the arrangement may go on, as Genl Reed will doubtless be at hand to assist you. He has paid a particular attention to the battalions of this State; those of Maryland, on account of their distance from your camp, the committee cou’d make no enquiry about, those also may be arranged without any assistance from me, and indeed I know nothing about either of them—Those to which I paid a particular attention were the battalions of New Hampshire, Mass’achusetts, Rhode Islan⟨d,⟩ Jersey and Virginia; the last of which may be settled by conferring with the General Officers of that line, whose recommendation we followed. I will get the necessary papers from Mr Morris and forward them to you—With the hope of taking some labour from off your hands, I shou’d have been happy to have given my immediate attendance in camp—I trust by the time you, with the assistance of Genl Reed, may have gone thrô the battalion of this State, Maryland and Virginia, to have the pleasure of affording you in this business, all the assistance in my power. I am Dr Sir with much respect & esteem your most obedt & obliged hbl. Servant

                        Fra. Dana

                        Shou’d Mrs Washington be with you, you will be pleased to make my most respectful complements acceptable to her.


Title: To George Washington from Nathaniel Jarvis, 11 June 1778
From: Jarvis, Nathaniel
To: Washington, George

                    Letter not found: from Nathaniel Jarvis, 11 June 1778. On 13 June, GW wrote Jarvis: “I recd yours of the 11th.”


Title: To George Washington from Colonel Francis Johnston, 11 June 1778
From: Johnston, Francis
To: Washington, George

                        May it please Your Excelly
                        Camp Mount Joy [Pa.]June 11th 1778

                    I beg leave to inform Your Excelly that the bearer Captn Kimmell, Pay Master to my Regiment, is under the necessity of leaving the service, a thing extremely disagreeable to him, but such is the peculiar  situation of his affairs, in consequence of his father’s Death, that he cannot possibly avoid it.
                    Lieutt Vernon of my Regt with your Excellency’s Approbation will act in Mr Kimmell’s room—should Your Excelly approve of him, it perhaps wou’d not be improper to put it in Orders, otherwise the Paymaster Genl will not furnish him with any Cash on the Abstracts he shall deliver in.
                    Mr Kimmell means to remain on this Ground till all his Accounts are settled—I have the honor to be Your Excelly’s Most obt Sert

                        F. Johnston


Title: From George Washington to Henry Laurens, 11 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Laurens, Henry

                        Dr Sir
                        [Valley Forge, 11 June 1778]

                    I thank you for your favor of the 8th which was duly recieved.
                    I must take the freedom to hint to you, that if in the packets transmitted by this conveyance there are any Letters for persons, with whom you are not acquainted, or in whose firmness and attachment you have not an entire confidence, it may not be improper to open them. This I am persuaded would be the case; However I am the more induced to mention it, as the obvious nay almost sole design of Several Letters which have come to my hands is to give the Commissioners the most favourable characters, for candor and integrity and to establish a belief, that they have the most competent and extensive powers. The Letters coming sealed, was sufficient to awaken my suspicions and I shall not transmit a single one of this complexion. You and I, I am convinced move on the same principle, and therefore I am certain, I hazard nothing in taking this liberty. I am Dr Sir with great friendship and esteem Your Most Obedt & obligd H. servant

                        Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Henry Laurens, 11 June 1778
From: Laurens, Henry
To: Washington, George

                        Sir.
                        York Town [Pa.] 11th June 1778.

                    Late last Night I was honored with Your Excellency’s favor of the 9th accompanied by Sir Henry Clinton’s application for a passport for Doctor Ferguson & Your Excellency’s reply—these I presented to Congress this Morning, & ’tis probable I shall receive from the House the necessary Commands to morrow—in the mean time I am ordered to transmit to Your Excellency an Act of Congress of the present date, directing an enquiry to be made into the conduct of the late Quarter Master general & other Officers in that department, which will be found within the present Inclosure. I have the honor to be With the greatest Esteem & Respect Sir Your Excellency’s Most obedient servant

                        Henry Laurens, President of Congress.


Title: From George Washington to Major General Horatio Gates, 12 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Gates, Horatio

                        Sir
                        Head Quarters Valley Forge 12th June 1778

                    I have your favr of the 8th instant with its several inclosures. Whether the intention of the Enemy is to make the present Campaign offensive or defensive, time alone must discover: But if the former, I cannot think they mean to operate against the Eastern States in any other manner, than by laying waste their Coast, and destroying their Sea port towns. they will never venture into a Country full of people, and who they have always found ready to give them the most spirited opposition. Should the North River be their object, I can, as I have mentioned in my former letters, march such a part of this Army thither, by the time they can reach it, that they will not be able to effect any thing by Coup de main.
                    The arrival of the Commissioners from Great Britain, upon the 7th instant, seems to have suspended the total evacuation of Philadelphia. The Transports, except a few storeships and Victuallers, have fallen down the River, and many of the troops are in Jersey, where they have thrown over a number of their Horses and Waggons. They seem to be waiting untill the Commissioners have announced themselves to Congress, and found whether a negociation, under their present powers, can be brought about. They asked liberty, upon the 9th to send their Secretary Doctor Ferguson to York Town; but not knowing whether this would be agreeable to Congress, I refused the request untill I should kn⟨ow⟩ their Sentiments—The Commissioners are Lord Carlisle, Governor Johnstone and Mr William Eden. I am with respect Sir Yr most obt Servt

                        Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to George Johnstone, 12 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Johnstone, George

                        Sir
                        Head Qrs [Valley Forge] June 12th 1778

                    I have had the Honor to receive your very obliging Letter of the 10th Instant.
                    The sentiments you are pleased to entertain of me, can not but be extremely flattering, separated as we are, by the circumstances of our political stations; and have a just claim to my warmest acknowledgements. If in the course of events, an opportunity should be afforded me, you may be assured, I shall take pleasure in shewing Doctr Ferguson every civility, it may be in my power to render.
                    I shall ever be happy to relieve the anxiety of parted friends, and where Letters are calculated either to this end—or to effect matters of mere private concern, they will have the earliest conveyance. I have the Honor to be with much personal esteem & regard Sir Your Most Obedt servant

                        Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to James Caldwell, 13 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Caldwell, James

                        Sir
                        [Valley Forge, 13 June 1778]

                    Having received information to day, that a Letter had been found by you in an Office in the Commissary of forage’s department written by a Mr Hoit who acted in that line, implying if not expressing in a direct and positive manner that Colo. Biddle, the Head of the department and the Writer were both in the service of the Enemy or were disposed to favor their interest, I am urgently to request that you will repair, as soon as possible, to Head Quarters and use every means in your power to bring with you the said Hoit and Mr Benjamin Hoit his Father with any other persons and papers which can give information on the subject. With this request I trust you will readily comply, as both public & private justice demand that an inquiry be made. The reluctance of the  Hoits to appear in the matter cannot or should not excuse their attendance; For if the suggestion was true it should be known, and if without foundation it also should, to prevent injury to Colo. Biddle’s character, which as far ⟨as⟩ it has come to my knowledge stands fair and unsullied.


Title: From George Washington to Lieutenant Colonel Failly, 13 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Failly, Philippe-Louis, chevalier de

                        [Valley Forge, 13 June 1778]

                    You are to proceed with all convenient expedition to Fort Pitt, and join Brigadier General McIntosh, to whom you will give all the assistance in your power, in any transactions which he may have with the Indians—Mr de la Colombe will accompany you—the affection which the Indians in general have for your nation, may enable you to render great Service. Given at Head Quarters this 13th June 1778.


Title: To George Washington from Colonel Thomas Hartley, 13 June 1778
From: Hartley, Thomas
To: Washington, George

                        May it please your Excellency
                        York Town [Pa.] June 13th 1778

                    I inclose you the Proceedings of a Genl Court Martial held Yesterday.
                    You will observe the Sentiments of the Court relating to King and Shockey—the former has much changed his Conduct since the Trial.
                    on account of his Youth and penitent Behavior Several very respectable People petitioned Congress in his Favour. Congress did not chuse to interfere no further than to direct his Execution to be suspendd till Tuesday next.
                    This is sent by Express we hope for an answer by Tuesday noon.
                    I have used every Diligence to equip my Regt but from some Holidays among the Germans we are retarded a few Days—indeed I have to depend chiefly on my own Artificers.
                    By Wednesday next I intend to march—by that Time a Part of the Militia will be ready to furnish the necessary Guards—Lieut. Coll Conner being very sick injures us much—I hope he will be better soon.
                    Lest any Thing should be done relating to the arranging of my Regt before I come to Camp, I inclose you a List of my Officers which I have at present. From the unsettled State of the 16 Regts and other Reasons several good officers have Left the Service.
                    I should Esteem it as a Favour that your Excellency would be pleased not to brigade my Regt before I have the honour of waiting on you; to effect which I shall not loose a moment.
                    I presume those nine Regts that are to be continued, will be put in a Separate Line that we may be known as such in the army & to Congress, so that we may receive the advantage of it.
                    I dare say the most of the Gentlemen of the 9 Regts would wish to be brigaded & in a Division together I trust they would distinguish themselves but as at present they are lost, unacknowledged by any State, a very small Share of Fame will ⟨Accrue⟩ to them—though they possibly might deserve More. Please to excuse my Freedom. I am with the greatest Respect your most obedt & most humble Servt

                        Thos Hartley.


Title: From George Washington to Captain Nathaniel Jarvis, 13 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Jarvis, Nathaniel

                        Sir
                        Head Quarters Valley Forge 13th June 1778

                    I recd yours of the 11th: It is my wish to indulge every Officer, who thinks himself aggrieved by his superior, with an opportunity of redressing himself by a Court of Enquiry. But when I reflect how often these enquiries are demanded, upon differences occasioned by sudden heat, I wish Gentlemen would cooly consider before they carry matters to such a length, that the decision of the Court and my determination thereon, must appear before the public.

                    The Charges you make against ⟨Colo. Jackson⟩ are of as high a nature as one Officer can make against another, and if you cannot fully support them, you will lay yourself open to censure.
                    I would therefore advise you rather to leave the matter to a few Gentlemen of your own Corps, than to bring it before a Court, except, upon reflection, you conceive yourself able to support your allegations fully. I am Sir Your most obt Servt

                        Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Ensign Jacob I. Klock, 13 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Klock, Jacob I.

                        Sir
                        Head Quarters [Valley Forge] 13th June 1778.

                    Thirty four of the Indians who are in Camp being desirous of returning home, and it being necessary to commit them to the care of a prudent officer who will preserve good order among them I have appointed you for that purpose and you are to conduct them to Fort Schuyler or the neighborhood of Johnstown—pay the strictest attention to restraining them from irregularities, and causing an uneasiness to the Inhabitants on the road—You will draw provision for them upon giving your receipt at the Continental Magazines as Occasion may require.
                    As you are going to the neighborhood of your own habitation I have no objection to your taking a week or ten days for your private affairs. I am &c.


Title: To George Washington from Colonel David Mason, 13 June 1778
From: Mason, David
To: Washington, George

                        Sir,
                        Virginia Wburg June 13th 1778

                    Your Favr to me of the 16th of April Incloseg me a Commission to Impower me to Hold Genl Courts Martial, Also Your Favr of the 19th  Ultimo but Lately came to hand, owing to an Ill State of Health I have been Labouring under & being absent from this place for a Fortnight and on my return Met with them, The Former I am Endeavouring to Execute by Calling on Officers to Hold a Court Martial for the Tryal of Bates but Assure your Excellcy that I fear it will be out of my Power to Collect a Number Sufficient as we have very few either Continental or State Officers, Colo. Marshal of the State Artillery has Promised me to Send up from Portsmouth, Hampton & York Garrisons all the Officers that can be Spared Next week so as I have hopes of being able to Hold a Court. Your favr of the 19th Ultimo which I am Hond with, gives me just Concern, that your Excellency shoud Seem to be Displeased with me for Applying for Leave to resign, Be Assured Dr Genl that nothing but the Most Pressing Necessity coud ever have Induced me to make Such an Application, that Mrs Masons Unhappy Situation Obliges me to Quit the Army, as she Remains intirely Helpless & Assures me that she woud Rather I woud Murder her than Leave her at so great a Distance & for so Long a time as by going to Head Quarters I must Do, Under these Considerations Permit me to Assure Your Excellency that my Affection to Your Person & Love to my Country is Such that I Hope never to be Wanting in Doing every thing in my Power to Forwd & Promote the Glorious Cause in which we are now Contending, the Governour & Council thinking it Best for me to continue a while in Office & to Collect & send in all the Straglin Troops that may be Collected Here as well as to Try Bates & to Issue Warrts on Continental Accounts until The Congress Can Authorise Some other Person to do it, I Have & think it my Duty to Act until the Last of this Instant at ⟨which I⟩ ⟨illegible⟩d as Your Excellency has been Pleased to Signifie that I may resign on acct of my Family,) I shall Inclose Your Excellency my Commission, And shall write You fully the Circumstances of the Troops that may remain Uncollected, as there are very Considerable Numbers of Draughts & other Deserters now within this State, I am to Acqt Your Excellency that this will be handed to you by Lt Tabb of the Second State regt by whom Send on about fifty Men & to Expedite their March I am Sending them up to the Head of Elk by water, with Instruction’s to March to Lancaster or wherever Innoculation may be Carried on, at or Near Head Quarters, I sh⟨all⟩ be Happy in being Hond with a Line from Your Excellency respecting of Matters in this Quarter & of Rendering Every Service my Small Abilitys will Enable me to do. And am with the Greatest Regard Your Excellencys Mot Obedt Humble Servant

                        David Mason Colo. 15th Regt


Title: General Orders, 14 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To:

                        Head-Quarters V. Forge Sabbath June 14th 1778.
                        Parole Almanza—C. Signs Arms—Art.

                    In General Orders of the 12th instant the Commissary General of Issues was, thro’ mistake inserted instead of the Commissary General of Purchases, who is to observe said order.


Title: To George Washington from Colonel Theodorick Bland, 14 June 1778
From: Bland, Theodorick
To: Washington, George

                        Sr
                        Petersburgh [Va.] June 14th 1778

                    I[n] persuance of yr Excellencys Commands you will herewith receive enclosed a weekly Return of the Party under my Command in this state. I am in great Hopes, that by the time the Bridles and other necessaries for Marching them on to Camp arrive (and for which I have sent to Fredksburgh) that I shall be in a Condition to send on about Seventy horses and some men. I miss no opportunity of Purchasing, myself; and injoyn the officers who are out to use the utmost diligence. Horses daily rise in their Value, and I greatly fear (notwithstandg every effort on my part to keep ⟨mutilated⟩ the Price, consistant with the dispatch necessary) th⟨at⟩ from eighty or ninety Pounds (the first prices I gave) two Hundred will scarce be sufficient, in a short time; so rapidly have the purchasers in the northern district encreased their Prices, whose example I am obliged to follow or fall short in the Purchase. I gave yr Excy a full acct in my last of every circumstance relative to our situation & prospects here, Since which I have recd nine or ten Horses & re[c]ruited three or four men. Having, Since, not had any returns from the officers who are on recruitg parties, it is not in my power to give you at this time further Information. I shall therefore conclude my letter with assuring you that I am with the greatest respect Yr Excys most obedt Sert

                        Theok Bland


Title: From George Washington to Colonel Thomas Hartley, 14 June 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Hartley, Thomas

                        Sir
                        Head Qrs [Valley Forge] June the 14th 1778

                    I this Evening received your Letter of the 13 Instant, with the papers to which it alluded.

                    It appears to me, from a consideration of the respective proceedings, that both King and Shockey might be executed agreably to their sentences, without the imputation of a rigorous severity; However, as the Court Martial have interposed a petition in favor of the former, which has also received a sort of countenance from Congress, by their suspending his execution, I grant him a pardon. I also pardon Shockey, as the crime of which he has been convicted, although clearly proved according to the proceedings, does not seem to me to deserve death more than King’s: Indeed, in the conduct of King, there were some circumstances, leading to consequences of greater political criminality.
                    With respect to the affairs of your Regiment, I should suppose nothing will be finally settled before you arrive here, if you march at the time you mention.
                    I am sorry for the indisposition of Colo. Connor and hope he will soon recover. I am Sir Yr Most Obedt sert

                        G. Washington


Title: To George Washington from Henry Laurens, 14 June 1778
From: Laurens, Henry
To: Washington, George

                        Sir
                        York Town [Pa.] 14th June 1778

                    My last to Your Excellency went by Davis, dated the 11th.
                    Between one & two oClock yesterday the Packet which Your Excellency sent to Congress accompanied by Yours Excellency’s favour of the 11th was brot into the House, among other papers it contained an Address from the British Commissioners to Congress, at that minute Congress were determining on a proper reply to be given to Sir H. Clinton’s application for a passport for Doctor Ferguson, I was ordered to read the Address, when I had advanced to the second page, the House directed me to Seal up all the papers & adjourned to Monday Morning.
                    Your Excellency will be pleased to receive within the present Inclosure an Act of Congress of the 9th Inst. for adjusting Rations due to Officers in the Army—& also an Act for Repelling the attempts of hostile Indians & granting 932743⅓ Dollars for that service.
                    Congress have ordered a Brevet to Major Mullins to Rank as Lieutt Colonel. the 11th Instant And a Commission of Lieutenant Colonel the 13th to Monsr du Cambray to be annexed to the Corps of Engineers. I have the honour to be With the highest Esteem & Respect Sir Your Excellency’s Most Obedient servant

                        Henry Laurens.President of Congress.


Title: To George Washington from Captain Allen McLane, 14 June 1778
From: McLane, Allen
To: Washington, George

                        Dear Sir
                        Garmintown [Pa.] Sunday 14th June [1778]

                    The Enemy Continue their preperasions for Evacuatin the Citey yesterday Lord Cornwallis Crossed in the Jerseys the park of Artellery Broke up and a Number of peicis of Cannon Crossed over likwise Amonition Wagons horses and three Regt British troops This morning they Continu Crossing Wagons & Horses I had a look at the Rivr at Elevin oClock Discoverd a Number of large fires Near the Ship yard find Since they have Set fire to the Ship on the Stocks a Large a Ship Droped down to Day Whitch I take to bee their hospital Ship I inclose you a State of their armey last Wensday haned to Me by a Gentleman of Carrictor—I Remain With the Graitest Respect your Humble Servent

                        Allen McLane Capt.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Maxwell, 14 June 1778
From: Maxwell, William
To: Washington, George

                        Sir
                        Mount Holly [N.J.] 14th June 1778

                    I take this oportunity by a Man of Coll Huggs that is going to Head Quarters to Inform your Excellency of any thing worthy of notice on this side. The Enemy is dayly giving out they are coming through the Jersey, by the best accounts they have 300 & odd two Horse waggons & above 100 four Horse waggons on this side at Coopers Ferry and they were Impressing Negros & others for drivers some days ago giving out that they should want them only 5 or 6 days most of which is elapsed.  The last Dezerter I had from the Ferry which he left the day before yesterday said there was Eight Regts over but I received Intiligence from Capt. Ross yesterday evening, He says he is in formed that about 4 or 5 oclock in the afternoon of the 12th that his Informant saw a great number of Waggons landed at Saml Coopers ferry and several Hundreds of troops but I know there is no horses over for them unless they came this last trip, and as there is no mention made of them, I think they are not come. He further says that the Enemy had advanced their Centries two miles up the Haddenfield road & half a Mile on this side of Coopers Creek Bridg. Lieut. Sealey with a party fell in with a party yesterday morning of the Enemys Horse a little advanced of a large number of foot He fired at the Horse & they retreated but he was obliged to move off as the foot was too numerous; but by accounts from the Inhabitants afterwards, he has killed 2 and wounded 2 or 3 more. I cannot Judge what they mean but I do not think they Intend going through the Jersey possably they intend to wait till the Farmers cut their hay below, and with these Waggons endeavour to get it on Board. I have sent Capt. Cummings with a party to Joyn the Militia in the neighbourhood of Billingsport; on the 12th in the night he fell in with a Boat belonging to the Viper as he was going down & he says he thinks he would have got her, had he not been deceived in his aproaches; he says he killed and wounded several of them. There is a Prize Snow & two sloops brought into Egg-harbour the first has 160 puncheons of Rum on Board the two latter is loaded with fruit & Turtle I think they all should be moved to Camp as they would conduce much to the Health of the Troops and will soon spoil where they are. I am Your Excellencys Most Obe⟨dient⟩ Humble Servant

                        Wm Maxwell

                        N.B. I believe we could Enlist several of the 9 Months Men during the War but considering appearances at present and what they are to receive at the end of the war, I do not think there is any great advantage in the proposal; they will have 20 Dollars in hand 80 more & 100 Acres of land at the End of the war, which may possably end before their 9 months is out I will wait your Excellencys answer. I want a Number of Forms for the Officers to take the Oath to the States as few of our Officers was at Camp when the others was taken. I likewise want to know if the Resolve of Congress concerning the Officers having but one Ration pr Day is to take place immediately with those under my Command.

                        W.M.