Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Robert R. Livingston, 15 April 1783
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Livingston, Robert R.

Sir,
Passy April 15. 1783.
You complain sometimes of not hearing from us. It is now near three Months since any of us have heard from America. I think our last Letter came with General de Rochambeau. There is now a Project under Consideration for establishing Monthly Packet Boats between France & New-York, which I hope will be carried into Execution: Our Correspondences may then be more regular & frequent.
I send herewith another Copy of the Treaty concluded with Sweden. I hope how ever that you will have received the former and that the Ratification is forwarded. The King, as the Ambassador informs me, is now employed in examining the Duties, payable in his Ports, with a View of lowering them in favour of America, and thereby encouraging and facilitating our mutual Commerce.
M. De Walterstorff, Chambellan du Roi de Dannemark, formerly Chief Justice of the Danish West India Islands, was last Year at Paris, where I had some Acquaintance with him, and he is now returned hither. The News-Papers have mentioned him as intended to be sent minister from his Court to Congress; but he tells me no such Appointment has yet been made. He assures me however that the King has a strong Desire to have a Treaty of Friendship and Commerce with the United States; and he has communicated to me a Letter, which he received from M. Rosencrone the Minister for Foreign Affairs, expressing that Disposition. I enclose a Copy of the Letter, and if the Congress shall approve of entring into such a Treaty with the King of Denmark, of which I have told M. de Walterstorff I made no doubt, they will send to me or to whom else they shall think proper the necessary Powers and Instructions for that purpose. In the meantime to keep the Business in Train, I have sent to that Minister, for his Consideration, a Translation of the Plan (mutatis mutandis) which I received from Congress for a Treaty with Sweden, accompanied by a Letter, of which I likewise enclose a Copy. I think it would be well to make it one of the Instructions to whoever is commissioned for the Treaty, that he previously procure Satisfaction for the Prizes mentioned in my Letter.
The Definitive Treatys have met with great Delays, partly by the Tardiness of the Dutch, but principally by the Distractions in the Court of England, where for six or seven Weeks there was properly no Ministry nor any Business effected.— They have at last settled a Ministry but of such a Composition as does not promise to be lasting. The Papers will inform you who they are. It is now said that Mr. Oswald, who signed the Preliminaries, is not to return here, but that Mr. David Hartley comes in his stead, to settle the definitive. A Congress is also talked of, and that some Use is therein to be made of the Mediation formerly proposed of the Imperial Courts. Mr. Hartley is an old Friend of mine and a strong Lover of Peace, so that I hope we shall not have much difficult Discussion with him: but I could have been content to have finished with Mr. Oswald whom we always found very reasonable. Mr. Lawrens having left Bath, mended in his Health, is daily expected at Paris, where Messrs. Jay & Adams still continue. Mr Jefferson is not yet arrived, nor the Romulus in which Ship I am told he was to have taken his Passage. I have been the more impatient of this Delay, from the Expectation given me of full Letters by him. It is extraordinary that we should be so long without any Arrivals from America in any Part of Europe. We have as yet heard nothing of the Reception of the Preliminary Articles in America, tho’ it is now near 5. Months since they were signed. Barney indeed did not get away from hence before the Middle of January, but Copies went by other Ships long before him: He waited sometime for the Money he carried, and afterwards was detained by violent contrary Winds. He had a Passport from England, and I hope arrived safe; tho’ we have been in some Pain for him on account of a Storm soon after he sail’d.
The English Merchants have shewn great Eagerness to reassume their Commerce with America: but apprehending that our Laws prohibiting that Commerce would not be repealed till England had set the Example by repealing theirs, the Number of Vessels they had loaded with Goods have been detained in Port, while the Parliament have been debating on the Repealing Bill, which has been alter’d two or three times and is not yet agreed upon. It was at first propos’d to give us equal Privileges in Trade, with their own Subjects repealing thereby, with respect to us, so much of their Navigation Act as regards Foreign Nations. But that Plan seems to be laid aside; and what will finally be done in the Affair is yet uncertain.
There is not a Port in France, and few in Europe, from which I have not received several Applications of Persons desiring to be appointed Consuls for America. They generally offer to execute the Office for the honour of it, without Salary. I suppose the Congress will wait to see what Course the Commerce will take, and in what Places it will fix itself, in order to find where Consuls will be necessary, before any Appointments are made; and perhaps it will then be thought best to send some of our own People. If they are not allow’d to Trade there must be a great Expence for Salaries. If they may trade and are Americans, the Fortunes they make will mostly settle at last in our own Country. The Agreement I was to make here respecting Consuls has not yet been concluded. The Article of Trading is important. I think it would be well to reconsider it.
I have caused to be struck here the Medal which I formerly mentioned to you, the Design of which you seem’d to approve. I inclose one of them in Silver for the President of Congress, and one in Copper for yourself: The Impression on Copper is thought to appear best; and you will soon receive a Number for the Members. I have presented one to the King and another to the Queen both in Gold; & one in silver to each of the Ministers, as a monumental Acknowledgement which may go down to future Ages, of the Obligations we are under to this Nation. It is mighty well received, and gives general Pleasure. If the Congress approve of it, as I hope they will, I may add something on the Die (for those to be struck hereafter) to shew that it was done by their Order, which I could not venture to do ’till I had Authority for it.
A multitude of People are continually applying to me Personally and by Letters, for Information respecting the means of transporting themselves, Families and Fortunes to America. I give no Encouragement to any of the Kings Subjects, as I think it would not be right in me to do it, without their Sovereign’s Approbation: and indeed few offer from France, but Persons of irregular Conduct and desperate Circumstances whom we had better be without: But I think there will be great Emigration from England, Ireland, and Germany.
There is a great Contest among the Ports which of them shall be of those to be declared Free for the American Trade. Many Applications are made to me to interest myself in the Behalf of all of them: But having no Instructions on that head, and thinking it a Matter more properly belonging to the Consul, I have done nothing in it.
I have continued to send you the English Papers. You will often see Falshoods in them respecting what I say & do, and write, &ca. You know those Papers too well, to make any Contradiction of such Stuff necessary from me.

Mr. Barclay is often ill, and I am afraid the Settlement of our Accounts will be in his hands a long Operation. I shall be impatient at being detained here on that Score after the Arrival of my Successor. Would it not be well to join Mr. Ridley with Mr. Barclay for that Service? He resides in Paris and seems active in Business: I know not indeed whether he would undertake it; but wish he may.
The Finances here are embarrass’d, & a new Loan is proposed by way of Lottery, in which it is said by some Caculators, the King will pay at the Rate of 7 per. Cent. I mention this to furnish you with a fresh convincing Proof, against Cavillers of the Kings Generosity towards us, in lending us six Millions this Year at 5 per Cent. and of his Concern for our Credit, in saving by that Sum the honour of Mr Morris’s Bills, while those drawn by his own Officers abroad, have their Payment suspended for a Year after they become due.
You have been told that France might help us more liberally if she would. This last Transaction is a Demonstration of the contrary. Please to shew these last Paragraphs to Mr. Morris, to whom I cannot now write, the Notice of this Ship being short; but it is less necessary, as Mr. Grand writes him fully.
With great Esteem, I have the honour to be, Sir, Your most obedient & most humble Servant.
B Franklin
[In Franklin’s hand:] P.S. Mr Laurens is just arrived.The honble. Robt. R. Livingston Esqr Secy. for Foreign-Affairs.

Notation: Letter 15 April 1783. Doct B. Franklin— June 18. 1783 Referred to Mr Madison Mr Higgenson Mr Hamilton


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Marcus Gerhard Rosencrone, 15 April 1783
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Rosencrone, Marcus Gerhard, Baron

Sir,
Passy, 15. April 1783.
M. de Walterstorff has communicated to me a Letter from your Excellency to him, which affords me great Pleasure, as it expresses in clear and strong Terms the good Disposition of your Court to form Connections of Friendship and Commerce with the United States of America. I am confident that the same good Disposition will be found in the Congress; and having acquainted that respectable Body with the Purport of your Letter, I expect a Commission will soon be sent appointing some Person in Europe to enter into a Treaty with his Majesty the King of Denmark, for the purpose desired. In the meantime, to prepare & forward the Business as much as may be, I send for your Excellency’s Consideration such a Sketch as you mention, formed on the Base of our Treaty with Holland, on which I shall be glad to receive your Excellency’s Sentiments. And I hope that this Transaction when compleated, may be the means of producing and securing a long & happy Friendship between our two Nations.
To smooth the Way for obtaining this desirable End, as well as to comply with my Duty, it becomes necessary for me, on this Occasion, to mention to your Excellency the Affair of our three Prizes, which having during the War enter’d Bergen as a neutral & friendly Port, where they might repair the Damages they had suffer’d, and procure Provisions, were by an Order of your Predecessor in the Office you so honourably fill, violently seized and deliver’d to our Enemies. I am inclined to think it was a hasty Act, procured by the Importunity’s & Misrepresentations of the British Minister, and that your Court could not on Reflection approve of it. But the Injury was done, and I flatter myself, your Excellency will think with me that it ought to be repaired. The Means and Manner I beg leave to recommend to your Consideration; and am with great Respect, Sir, Your Excellency’s most obedient and most humble Servant.
B Franklin
His Exy. M. Rosencrone


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Comte de Mercy-Argenteau, 15 April 1783
From: Mercy-Argenteau, Florimond-Claude-Charles, comte de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

à Paris le 15. Avril 1783.
Note.
Le Professeur Märter chargé par L’Empereur de recueillir dans les quatre parties du monde des animaux et des plantes pour la Ménagerie et les Jardins de Botanique de Sa Majesté, se propose de se mettre incessamment en route et de commencer sa tournée par les Provinces de la Domination des Etats unis de l’Amérique.
Persuadé que le Succès de son entreprise dépendra principalement des facilités et Secours qu’il trouvera dans les lieux où il aura des recherches à faire, il sent l’importance dont il seroit pour lui si Monsieur Franklin vouloit bien lui accorder sa recommandation auprès du Congrès général et de quelques particuliers dont les lumieres et conseils pourroient lui être utiles.

L’Ambassadeur de Sa Majté: l’Empereur chargé de concourir en ce qui dépendra de lui au Succès de la Commission du Sr. Marter, croit lui rendre un Service essentiel en adressant sa priere à Monsieur Franklin, et l’appuïant de Ses bons offices. L’Ambassadeur se flatte que ce Ministre accueillera favorablement une demande qui a pour but d’étendre les connoissances dans l’histoire naturelle, et qu’il voudra bien se prêter à lui adresser les recommandations susdites pour qu’il puisse les faire parvenir au Professeur Märter et le mettre en état de les présenter lui-même après Son arrivée en Amérique.
Ledit Ambassadeur saisit d’ailleurs avec un vrai plaisir cette occasion de présenter à Monsieur Franklin les assurances de son parfait attachement./.

Notation: Marter.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Thomas Greenleaf, 16 April 1783
From: Greenleaf, Thomas
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur,
Paris ce 16 avril 1783.
J’ai l’honneur de vous adresser Copie d’un Mémoire que je suis déterminé à présenter à M. Le Garde des Sceaux, à Monseigneur le Duc de Penthievre, à M. le Comte de Vergennes et à M. le Marquis de Castries, en faveur de notre Compatriote le Sr. fanning détenu dans la Prison de Dunkerque. Il a commandé le Corsaire l’Eclipse, pendant qu’il étoit en croisière il a fait la visite de plusieurs Vaisseaux neutres; personne ne s’est plaint. Quelques mois après un François Passager sur l’un de ces neutres est venu a Dunkerque, il s’est plaint des Gens de l’Equipage du Corsaire l’Eclipse et leur a imputé de lui avoir volé de l’or, des Bijoux et autres effets précieux. Le Capitaine Fanning a voulu aller aux informations auprès de son Capitaine en second qui avoit commandé la partie de l’équipage chargée de la visite; ce Capitaine en second n’étoit plus en France depuis un certain tems. Faute de pouvoir se procurer des renseignemens M. Fanning a été forcé de ne donner aucune suite aux plaintes de ce François. Neanmoins [à] Son retour d’une nouvelle course qu’il entreprit aussitôt, M. Fanning a été arrêté au mois de 9bre dernire. dernier. Si le vol a été commis par la partie de l’Equipage qu’il a chargée de faire la visite, il est toujours à l’abri de reproche, car il n’a pas quitté son bord; le delit ne Sauroit dont [donc] le regarder. Il n’est pas plus obligé à la reparation civile; mais en le Supposant pour un moment; pourquoi est il en Prison? Je crois qu’il est juste, Monsieur, que vous reclamiez la justice du Ministre du Roi, en faveur de M. Fanning et permettez de vous prier de vouloir bien vous en occuper.
Je suis avec respect Monsieur, Votre très humble et très obéissant Serviteur
Thos: Greenleaf
hôtel d’Orléans, Rue de Richelieu


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from La Rochefoucauld, [on or after 16 April 1783]
From: La Rochefoucauld, Louis-Alexandre, duc de La Roche-Guyon et de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Mercredi matin [on or after April 16, 1783]
Le Duc de la Rochefoucauld a l’honneur de faire Ses complimens à Monsieur franklyn, et de le prévenir que l’impression des Traités avec la france et la hollande étant fine, l’imprimeur attend celui avec la suede pour terminer l’Ouvrage; le Duc de la Rochefoucauld prie Monsieur franklyn de vouloir bien le lui envoyer, ou lui mander Ses intentions à ce Sujet, ainsi que pour la Préface, il aura l’honneur de l’aller voir ces jours-ci.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Jonathan Williams, Sr., 16 April 1783
From: Williams, Jonathan Sr.
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Hond sr
London April 16. 1783
I Wrote you that I Could not obtain a new addition of the Common prayer Book. I have Since found one. I take this oppertunity to send it by the Bearrer mr. [blank]. Your friends Wh. are many have expectations of Seing you here some time in the summer & I belive you will find them as harry & prehaps more so then ever.
London is so much like home that I Cant but like it in preference to any place I ever Saw. I had rather decline going to France as the Journey is allmost as troblesom as going to America however if I Could be so happy as to go with you I would tarry here or go to France to Acommodate myself for Such a Passage—my love to your good Son & believe me ever Your Dutyfull Nephew & most Hble Servant
Jona. Williams

Addressed: His Excellency Benjamin Franklin / Passy near / Paris


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Beaujeu, 18 April 1783
From: Beaujeu, ——, comte de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Très Réspéctable Ministre.
Champlitte ce 18. avril, 1783.
J’ai Recû, par le courier d’hier, la mèdaille que vous m’avès fait l’honneur de m’envoier; et j’ai celui de vous en Remércier de toute mon âme. On s’emprèsse icy, a contempler ce monument qui intérèsse toute L’Europe et Eternise la gloire de L’amèrique.
Au Rèste, je dois prèvènir Votre Excéllence, qu’il ne m’èst pas possible de Repondre aux choses honnetes et gratieuses, que je présume ètre Renfermeè dans votre lettre, parce que je ne Sçai pas l’anglais et que personne icy ne l’entend.

Agreès je vous supplie Monsieur, toute la sinceritè de mes Vœux pour la complette prosperitè de tout ce qui vous intèrèsse.
C’est dans ces Sentimens que je suis avec bien du Réspéct Monsieur, de Votre Excellence, Le très humble et tres obèissant serviteur
Le CTE. DE Beaujeu.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Kéralio, 18 April 1783
From: Kéralio, Agathon Guynement, chevalier de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

	A L’École Rle. [Royale] mre. [militaire] 18e. avril. 1783.
Jusqu’à présent, mon respectable ami, vous m’ avés constamment honoré de vos bontés; vous y mettés le comble en m’envoyant l’ingénieuse médaille qui éternisera Vôtre gloire et celle de Votre patrie. Je n’ai pu y contribuer que par mes Vœux, mais je verserois mon sang pour la défendre.
Recevés l’hommage du tendre respect avec lequel je ne cesserai d’être, Mon respectable ami, Votre très humble et très obéissant Serviteur
Le CHR. [CHEVALIER] De Keralio


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Charles James Fox, 19 April 1783
From: Fox, Charles James
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir,
St. James’s, April 19, 1783.
Although it is unnecessary for me to introduce to your acquaintance a gentleman so well known to you as Mr. Hartley, who will have the honour of delivering to you this letter, yet it may be proper for me to inform you that he has the full and entire confidence of his Majesty’s ministers upon the subject of his mission.

Permit me, Sir, to take this opportunity of assuring you how happy I should esteem myself if it were to prove my lot to be the instrument of compleating a real and substantial reconciliation between two countries formed by nature to be in a state of friendship one with the other, and thereby to put the finishing hand to a building, in laying the first stone of which I may fairly boast that I had some share.
I have the honour to be, with every sentiment of regard and esteem, Sir, your most obedient humble servant,
C. J. Fox.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Baronne de Bourdic, 20 [April?] 1783
From: Bourdic, Marie-Anne-Henriette Payan de l’Estaing, baronne de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

	a paris le 20 [April 1783?] rue Jacob hotel de modene
Le desir que javois Monsieur davoir une Correspondance avec vous me fit prendre avec empressement Les lettres que vous me chargeates de traduire; sans reflechir aux difficultes qui se sont presentees; pour une allemande qui a quitte Sa patrie depuis l’age de quatre ans la traduction d’une lettre de quatre pages devenoit un ouvrage; aussi ai je reste bien longtemps; vous Seul èties Capable de me donner asses de patience pour en venir a bout; jai lhonneur de vous lenvoyer et vous demande un millions de pardons non de mon inexactitude mais de mon peu d’intelligence qui me force a employer trois semaines pour une affaire de trois heures; malgrè mon peu de talent je mets un prix a mon travail je demande de voir encore une fois avant de retourner dans ma province un homme aussi interessant par ses vertus qu’etonnant par son genie deux mots de votre main pour massurer que Ce projet ne vous deplait point et vous verres bientot Celle qui a lhonneur detre Monsieur votre tres humble et tres obeissante Servante
DE LESTANG Baronne DE Bourdicjadis La mse [marquise] dentremont

Endorsed: La Baronne de Bourdic A Paris


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Pio, 20 April 1783
From: Pio, Luigi
To: Franklin, Benjamin

à Paris ce 20. Avril 1783.
M. de Pio a reçu avec le plus grand plaisir La Medaille, dont Monsieur Franklin a bien voulu lui faire le genéreux present. Il a l’honneur de Lui en faire tous ses remercimens, et de lui temoigner toute sa reconnaissance./.


Title: Robert R. Livingston to the American Peace Commissioners, 21 April 1783
From: Livingston, Robert R.
To: American Peace Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Adams, John,Jay, John,Laurens, Henry

Gentlemen,
Philadelphia 21st. April 1783.
Upon the receipt of the provisional Articles & a subsequent account bro’t by a Vessel dispatched by Count d’Estaing, I wrote the Letter No. 1. to Sr. Guy Carleton, & No. 2. to Admiral Digby: to which I recieved the Answers No. 3. & 4. You will find them cold & distant— Those they wrote to the Minister of France, in answer to similar Communications made by him, were still more so, and contain the same illiberal doubts, which are mentioned in mine, expressed in much stronger terms. When they recieved an authentic account of the Treaty, they sent a Copy of it, no part being omitted, to Congress thro’ the General. When the Proclamation for the Cessation of Hostilities was recieved at New York, it was sent to me by an Officer with the Letters No. 5. & 6., to which I returned the Answers No. 7. & 8.
After this, two great questions were agitated in Congress—1st. Whether they should proceed to the immediate ratification of the provisional Articles—and 2dly. whether they should release the Prisoners. Some maintained, with respect to the first of these points, that they knew not in what light to consider the provisional Articles, whether as Preliminaries, or a definitive Treaty— That the Preamble said they were to constitute the Treaty while at the same time they were only to be inserted in it— These Terms they considered as contradictory, and they wished to have explanations from you on this head, to know what the operation of a ratification would be; and they inferred from your Silence, that none was necessary. They observed that no time was set for the Evacuation of New York— That the Ratification would in some measure compel them to release their Prisoners, & thus strengthen their Hands, when it was possible that the definitive Treaty might not take effect between Great Britain and France; and that the Ratification and the Restoration of Prisoners, if it left us nothing more to do, was in some sort to desert our Allies. To this it was answered, that the provisional Articles were only to be recieved as Preliminary—that from the very Nature of them they could not be definitive—that the Ratification would not alter the Nature of them, but confirm them as they stood—that they were confessedly very advantageous to Us— That the neglecting any such acceptation of them, as was necessary on our part, would give the Enemy a pretence for violating the Stipulations they contained—that the principal points between France & Great Britain being settled, we had no reason to apprehend a failure of a definitive Treaty—that it was important to shew, that we were determined to adhere in every particular to the Engagements you had made. These Arguments prevailed, & the Resolution No. 9. passed, directing the Ratification which I inclose. It is probable that the definitive Treaty will be signed before this can reach you, otherwise it would be extremely desirable that some Ambiguities in the provisional Articles should be cleared up, and other Objects, which have been touched upon at different times in my public Letters, attended to. The sixth Article is not so precisely expressed as to point out to what time, the word future refers—whether to the Signature of the provisional Articles—whether to the Act which gave it the force of a Treaty, or to the definitive Treaty, tho’ I should suppose the second to be the intention from the opposition between the word now, and the time of the ratification in America.
The 7th. Article leaves the time for the evacuation of New York upon so loose a footing, that I fear our troublesome Guests will long continue to be such unless a day is fixed for their departure in the definitive Treaty. You can easily concieve the impatience that the distressed Inhabitants of New York feel at every moment’s delay, & the fears & jealousies that prevail among them, lest it should be meant to retain these Posts as Pledges for the performance of the Stipulations in favor of the Tories— By the debates in Parliament on the third of March it is evident that they had then no Orders to evacuate.
You will observe that the Ratification does not extend to the seperate Article. The Treaty between Spain & Great Britain renders it unnecessary— And Congress not caring to express any Sentiment upon that Subject I refer you to my Letters to Dr. Franklin & Mr. Jay upon the Subject of a free Trade with the West Indies, and the Logwood Trade, which are important Objects here, and I hope will be attended to in your definitive Treaty. It were to be wished that the Ambiguity with respect to the time of the cessation of Hostilities upon this Coast was cleared up, and the construction we put upon it adopted, to wit, that by as far as the Canaries was intended the Latitude of the Canaries, which construction can be supported by a variety of Arguments, and is extremely important to Us, as a Number of our Vessels have been taken since the third of March.
I have the honor to be, Gentlemen, with great Esteem & Respect, your most obed. humble Servt.
Robt. R. Livingston
Honble. John Adams, Benja. Franklin John Jay & Henry Laurens Esqrs.No. 2.2plicate.(Copy)

Notation by John Adams: Mr Livingstone to the Ministers for Peace. 21. April. 1783.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Marquis de Brancas, 21 April 1783
From: Brancas, Bufile-Antoine-Léon de Brancas, comte de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

a paris lundi 21 avril. [1783]
Mr. le Mis. de brancas prie Mr. franclin de lui faire dire a qu’elle heure il pouroit avoir l’honneur de le voir le matin et quel jour lui conviendroit il s’interesse beaucoup a un jeune homme qui est a philadelphie et dont il voudroit lui parler.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Duchesse de Deux-Ponts, 21 [April] 1783
From: Deux-Ponts, Marianne Camasse, comtesse de Forbach
To: Franklin, Benjamin

paris Lundis [April] 21 a 2 heures [1783]
Mr le prince de deuxponts desire Mon respectable amis d’avoir Lhoneur de faire Votre Connessance d’autant quil est charge de Vous parlér de La part des etats de baviere dun arrangement de Comerce, avec Les etats unis. Je Lui ait proposér de satisfaire Son desir en vous donnant a dinee avec Lui il sera Libre jeudis ous samedis. Voyéz, Mon charmant amis, Si Vous pouriez Me faire Lhoneur de diner chez Moi Lun ous Lautre de Ces deux fours avec Mr Votre petit fils? Recevez mon vertueux et cher amis Lhomage dun Coeur qui Vous respecte autant quil Vous aime. M de Keralio avec qui je Vais boire a Votre sante Vous presentes son tendre homage. Je rouvre ma Lettre mon cher bon amis pour Vous rendre mille actions de graces de 4 bouteille de rack [arrack] quon Vient de me remettre de Votre part je vous en remercie bien tendrement.

Addressed: a Monsieur / Monsieur franklin / Ministre pleinipotentiaire / des etats unis a La Cour / de france / a passis


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to John Dickinson, 22 April 1783
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Dickinson, John

Sir,
Passy, April 22. 1783
M. Märter, Professor of Natural History in the Service of the Emperor, being appointed to make a Collection of Plants and Animals from the four Quarters of the World, for his Imperial Majesty’s Botanic Gardens and Menagerie, proposes to begin his Operations by a Journey thro’ the Countries under the Government of the United States of America. He is strongly recommended to me by his Excellency the Ambassador from that Court; and I take leave to recommend him not only to the Civilities you are pleased in bestowing on Strangers of Merit but to all the Assistances and Facilities your Station and the Influence attending it may enable you to afford him in the Execution of his Commission, being persuaded that your Zeal for the Increase of useful Science, as well as the Respect due to his August Employer, will induce you to render Mr. Märter such Services with Pleasure. I have the honour to be, very respectfully, Sir, Your Excellency’s most obedient & most humble Servant
B Franklin
His Excellency the Governor of Pennsylvania.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Jacob Duché, Jr., 22 April 1783
From: Duché, Jacob, Jr.
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir
Asylum, Lambeth, April 22, 1783
I return your Excellency my most sincere and hearty Thanks for your Kindness & Condescension in answering my Letter, and for the candid & affectionate Manner in which you have given me your Advice on a Subject in which I feel myself deeply interested. This Advice shall be the Rule of my Conduct; and I will wait with Patience, till I hear from my Friends at Philada, to many of whom I have written within these few Days, by different Conveyances.
I must beg Leave to set your Excellency right with Respect to the Sentiments of my Congregations relative to my Departure. I left Philada. with their full Knowledge & Approbation. I did it in the most Public Manner, having called my Vestry, and acquainted them with my Motives for taking a Voyage to England, not doubting at that Time, but that a Plan of Reconciliation would have taken Place, and I should have been able to return to them in a few Months. I take the Liberty of enclosing a Copy of their Address to me on that Occasion.
The Vestry consist of 20 Gentlemen, the far greater Part of whom remained in the City with the British Army, were present at this Meeting, & signed this Address, as well as an affectionate Letter in my Favour to the Bishop of London, both of which stand entered in their Book of Minutes. I cannot, therefore, be said, to have deserted my Flock: But have every Reason to conclude, that if my Return depended on the Approbation of the Congregations, they, with their present good & friendly Rector, would immediately express their Desire of receiving me.
The whole must depend upon the Generosity of the Legislature; And I have the Satisfaction to hear, that several of my most intimate & valuable Friends are at this Time high in Office, and have no Doubt, but they will sollicit Government in my Favour— I have written particularly to Mr Dickinson, and to Mr Rob. Morris; and have also taken the Liberty of addressing a few Lines to General Washington.
I should be happy indeed to have my Application honoured with the Sanction of your Excellency’s Name; as I am very sure, that your Recommendation of my Case to the Notice of the Legislature by a Letter to their President, or by any other Method you may judge most proper, would add such Weight to the Sollicitations of my Friends, as would secure immediate Success.

But I will not presume too far. I know your Engagements must be numerous, and of the greatest Importance, and that you have various Applications to attend to, of much greater Consequence than mine.
Mrs Duché is much obliged to you for your kind Remembrance of her, and Answer to her Enquiries after Mrs Bache & her Children. We shall both be extremely happy to see you in England.
My Son, who is now in his 20th Year is a Pupil of my good Friend West, and most enthusiastically devoted to the Art, in which he promises to make no inconsiderable Figure. As he is my only Son & a good Scholar, I wished to have educated him for one of the learned Professions. But his Passion for Painting is irresistible. West feeds the Flame with the Fuel of Applause: And his great Example has excited in my Boy an Ambition to distinguish himself in his Native Country, as his Master has distinguished himself here. The late Revolution has opened a large Field for Design. His young Mind already teems with the great Subjects of Councils, Senates, Heroes, Battles—and he is impatient to acquire the Magic Powers of the Pencil to call forth & compleat the Embryo Forms.
My eldest Daughter is in her 16th Year— My youngest in her 9th. We have not been able to give them any other Advantages of Education, than our own Private Tuition. Indeed the Plan of Female Education in this Country is too expensive for our present contracted Circumstances; and at the same Time, has too much of the Ornamental, & too little of the Essential, to meet my Ideas or Inclinations.
I beg your Excellency to bear with this little Prattle about my Family— And have only to request the Favour of you, to peruse at your Leisure the enclosed Extract from my Letter to Mr Hopkinson, which will give you some Information with Respect to the State of Mind I was in, when I wrote the Letter to General W. the Circumstances which attended the sending of it, and the Consequences to myself & Family.
I have the Honour to be, With the greatest Respect Your Excellency’s Most obliged & faithful Servant
J. Duché

Notation: S. Duche apl. 22. 1783.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from ——— Greissot(?), 22 April 1783
From: Greissot, ——
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
a Villeneuve L’archevesque Le 22. avril 1783.
J’ay L’honneur de vous adresser cy joint Un memoire du Nommé Jaques Blanchet cy devant Cannier de La Legion de Luxembourg, Il Espere que Vous Voudréz Bien Luy faire Rendre La justice quil demande En Le faisant employer pour Sa cottepart dans l’Etat des prises dont est question, c’est Un Brave Soldat qui Sert depuis 17 ans dont 3 ont eté Employées a La navigation.
Je Suis avec un profond Respect Monsieur Votre tres humble Et tres obeissant Serviteur
Greissot(?)Maire


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Jean Hadenbrock, 22 April 1783
From: Hadenbrock, Jean
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monseigneur!
Bordeaux ce 22 avril 1783
Permettez Monseigneur La Liberté que je prends De Vous écrire que Sur Les Deux Lettre De recomandation que vous m’avez fait L’honneur De me Donner pour Philladelphia et Boston, Lorsqu’à mon arrivé ici Depuis Le 16 Du Courant, j’eus L’avantage De trouver une Navire prete a Parter pour Philladelphia que est Desendû au Bas De la Reviére Le 18 et Partira au Premier vend Convenable D’apres que Le Capetaine Desendera avec moi jeudÿ prochain pour Le Susdit endroit Le Navir est Le grand D’Estaing Capeteine Orée: De 600 tonneau 24 Canon 80 homme D’équipage D’après L’heureux arrive Le Sir Rich Bach vous écrira et j’aurai L’honneur De vous Dire tel que Le paÿs me plait, ainsi que mes affaire se sont arengé, une Paquotille partera aussi D’ici pour Boston à L’adresse Sir Williams, et L’on n’est au fait De travailler chez nous à forçe pour me faire Des éxpedition.
Entre tems Vous D’aignéz De reçevoir mes tres humble remercement. Je ferai usage De Vos cher recomandation Le plus Sincers Dont j’espere La premiére Nouvelle vous rendra Satisfait, vous priant De ne retirer Votre bien Veillance De Celui que se flatte D’etre tres Sinecerement De Monseigneur Votre obeïsant & Digne Seviteur
Jean HADENBROCK

Addressed: A Son Excellence / Monsieur Franklin / ministre Plenipotentaire Des Etats unis / De LAmerique & &. / à / Passÿ / près De Paris


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Comte de Lameth, 22 April 1783
From: Lameth, Charles-Malo-François, comte de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir,
Paris. April. the 22th. 1783.
I Received with an innexpressible gratitude the pretious pledge of esteem with which america, and your Excellency, have daigned to Reward Services of So little importance as mine; But which Could have deserved So great a favour: if the truest attachment, if the most Constant wishes for the Good Succes of So noble a Cause, if the tenderest veneration for the virtuous authors of So Glorious a Revolution, Could, in Supplying what I did not Perform, Give me Some Rights to the favour which america honours me with, I would not think myself quite unworthy of it: in the raptures of my just Gratitude I will not tell your excellency, I hope that a new war will afford me more opportunities of deserving So pretious a Reward: Such wishes Should be too Contrary to those of your excellency: undoubtedly you long ardently for the duration of a glorious peace, which Secures the felicity of your Country, to which you have So much Contributed: however, if the circonstances ever Permitted me to offer again my Services to america, I would think myself very happy in Keeping all the engagements I Contract with her in this day.
I hope, your Excellency, will grant me the permission to Pay my duties to him, and to lay down at his feet a new hommage of the warmest Gratitude, and of that most profond veneration with which I have the honour to be, of your Excellency, the most humble, and most obedient Servant.
Le CHR. [CHEVALIER] CHARLES DE Lameth
cul de Sac notre dame des champs.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Dominique-Louis Ethis de Corny, 23 April 1783
From: Corny, Dominique-Louis Ethis de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Sir
Paris the 23th. aprile 1783
I am Requested to introduce to your Excellency Mr. D’Acosta gentleman of Nantes, Vho has some Business Relating to the north america. He Desires to have the honor of Waiting on your Excellency. If you Will Be so Kind as give me the notice of Day Vherein I may Lead this gentleman to Passy, in the Next Weeck, I shall traduce your Answer to Mr. D’acosta.
I have the honor to be With great respect and faithfull attachment Dear sir your Excellency’s the most humble and Dutiful servant
De Corny


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Isabella Strange, 23 April 1783
From: Strange, Isabella
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir
London April 23 1783
Permite me to join my most respectful compliments with Mr Stranges and to return You my sincere thanks for the many favours I owe You for Your kind care of my corrosponce— I presume once more on Your goodness and beg the inclos’d may be forwarded. It contains the Coppy of a will by which my Cousin Mrs Hunter and Her Family gets some Money by the Death of Her Grand-Father the Revd Dr Russell. I am with respect and esteem Sir Your very humb Sert
Isabella Strange


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from George Washington, [23 April 1783]
From: Washington, George
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir
[April 23, 1783]
I have the honor to inclose to you, a Letter and Memorial I have just reced from Baron De L’Estrade—an Old Veteran who served with us at the Seige of York—from my acquaintance with this Officer, joined to the general good Character he had—I feel strongly inclined to serve him but there may be many Reasons to render such an interference as he Requests improper—all I can do therefore is to submit the matter to you, with a wish that, so far as Circumstances and the rules of propriety will admit, you may interest yourself in his favor—
Dr. Franklin


Title: Franklin’s Specimen of Polytype Printing, 24 April 1783
From: Franklin, Benjamin,Franklin, Benjamin
To:

[April 24, 1783]
A Wit’s a Feather, & a Chief’s a Rod;
An honest Man’s the noblest Work of God.
Pope.
Passy, April 24, 1783 —BF.—


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Francis Coffyn, 24 April 1783
From: Coffyn, Francis
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Hond. Sir.
Dunkerque 24. April 1783.
I had the honnor to address your Excellency by my last letter of 11th. inst, 13 receipts for monies disbursed for Sundry american prisonners, & to advise of my drafts on your Excellency of £. 894. 8.—., & at the Same time to communicate Capn Coreil’s request to obtain a passport for his brig General Washington to proceed to Philadelphia; being Since deprived of the favour of your Excellencys answer, and Capn Coreil making dayly applications to me to know the result of his request, his vessell being now ready for Sea, I humbly beg your Excellency will be pleased to favour me with a few lines to inform me wether that Gentleman may expect the wish’d for passport, in order to avoid a prejudicial detention of his vessell in this Harbour; Capn. Coreil has promised me to give their passage to Sundry american prisonners which arrived here lately from England, enclosed I remit five receipts from those I have relieved since my last, viz

£.
30.

—.—.
to James Manin

"
36.

—.—.
to Danl. Lockardy, John Ellebecker, & John Stevens

"
30.

—.—.
to Patrick Dolon,

"
84.

—.—.
to Michael Carr,

  "
  31.
  5.
—.
to Francis Peuwck, M. Russell & James Kelley,

  £.
  211.
  5.
—.
Together, which I have charged to your Excellencys Account.

I am Sorry to inform your Excellency that a ship onboard of which I procured a passage for four of the men whose receipts I sent in my last letter, has been drove onshore & wrecked the 22d. inst, and they narrowly escaped their lives; as these poor men stand now more then ever in need of assistance, I hope your Excellency will not desaprove that I supply them with a little more money for their absolute necessaries.
I have the honnor to remain with due respect Your Excellencys most obedient & most Humble Servant
F. Coffyn
His Excellency Dr. B. Franklin. a Passi.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Jonathan Shipley, 24 April 1783
From: Shipley, Jonathan
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Sir
Bolton Street Ap: 24th 83
I feel ashamd & distressd when I think how long I have left your most obliging & valuable Letter unanswerd. Indeed great part of the time I have been under the deep affliction of parting with our eldest & most deserving Daughter to the distance of Bengal. I do not mean to depretiate the rest; but She had more of that domestick kindness & attention which You know how to value, & which an old Man wants & delights in. And tho’ Sr Wm Jones is a worthy & indeed a superior Man; yet so total a Seperation with only a bare distant possibility of meeting again is as deeply & as tenderly affecting, if I can judge truely of my own feelings as her Death itself would have been.
I have had a very agreable visit from your very respectable Nephew Mr. Williams. With a great tincture of Piety He seems to have preservd the old English Sense & Spirit, & Honesty, which the first Settlers exported in so large a quantity to America & have left an utter Scarcity of them here. You think too highly of us when You suppose that We have gaind Wisdom by all our misfortunes. We have discoverd many frauds & abuses; but corrected very few; & very little of the small savings We have made has been restord to the Publick. The old Rockingham Party, now headed by the D [Duke] of Portland are a set of upright respectable Men but they have an aversion to every thing that they call a change in the Constitution; & yet without some change there can be no improvement. You know too as well as I, that these honest Men whom I lookd upon as the hopes of their Country are united with Ld North & his meritorious Band, on condition that the latter shall share only in the profits without interfering in the measures of Government. But I own I tremble for the Event of a Union with Men, who protest against all Improvement, who think that Corruption is the main Spring of Government & that We have already weakend it too much; & from whom it would be folly to expect either good Faith or Moderation. How different is all this from the liberal Spirit with which your thirteen States have formd their Constitutions! availing themselves of the Lights & Experience of all former Times and Countries with the courage to hazard any great Trial that inventive Philosophy may suggest. My Mind looks with impatience & wonder towards the new Scenes that so many wise Institutions seem to promise; for I think that the Virtues & Understandings of Men are not only cultivated, but almost created by the Government they live under.
But these thoughts & a thousand more I hope soon to have the pleasure of discussing in free conversation with my dear & venerable friend. May your Stay with us be long; & after all your Labours & Triumphs may You find many days to enjoy repose at Twyford amidst your adopted Daughters in a Family that in affection is your own.
Your ever obligd & affectionate
J St Asaph


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Jonathan Williams, Jr., [25 April 1783]
From: Williams, Jonathan Jr.
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear & hond Sir
Friday Evng. [April 25, 1783]
I shall give you pleasure by informing you that the Washington Capt Barney arrived at Phila the 12 March. This Comes by a Ship arrived at L’Orient from Virginia which brings no other news.—
I suppose you know Mr Hardy is in Town.
I am as ever most dutifully Yours.
J Williams J

Addressed: A Son Excellence / Monsieur Franklin / A Passy. / Payez au Porteur 24s.


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Mary Hewson, 26 April 1783
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Hewson, Mary (Polly) Stevenson

My dear Friend,
Passy, April 26. 1783
I received in its time your kind Letter of Feb. 22. I am sensible of the Prudence of your Advice, respecting my coming to England, and shall follow it.— Accept my Thanks for that, and for your kind Invitation to Cheam when I do come; but the little left of Life at my Age, will perhaps hurry me home as soon as I can be quit of my Employment here. I should indeed have great Pleasure in seeing you, and in being some time with you & your little Family: I cannot have all I wish.
Mr Williams is now here with his Family. I shall mention to him his not answering your Letter. We talk’d yesterday of you, and of his Friend Dolly, whom I have not forgotten as she supposes. He express’d the highest Esteem and Regard for you both. My Love to her when you see her.—
I send you some more of the little Books, and am ever, my dear Friend, Yours most affectionately
B Franklin
Mrs Hewson

Endorsed: Franklin April 26. 83 / 41


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Mary Ann Davies, 26 April 1783
From: Davies, Mary Ann
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Sir.
Florence April the 26th. 1783.
Notwithstanding I am at present a Being almost insensible to any Joy or Pleasure this miserable Life can afford, yet as I do still Exist, so do in me the strongest feelings of Gratitude, Respect, and Esteem, by which I must always be most sincerely attach’d to my ever dear & worthy Friend and Benefactor Doctor Franklin: & in consequence of such Attachment, every Event that contributes to his satisfaction, must rejoice me. ’Tis true I am almost dead to the World, as is the World to me; & am of course little inform’d of what passes: yet, if I comprehend right I think I may on this occasion Dear Sir congratulate You. I understand nothing at all of Politicks, but ’tis sufficient for me that I hear Matters are settled entirely to Your Wish.

Surrounded as You must be at this Epocha with crowds of elegant Congratulations, I should fear that mine (so much later than others & wanting even in the common Etiquette of Politeness &ca. &ca.) might offend rather than otherwise, were I not persuaded that the Person I write to is possess’d of that greatness of Soul which don’t despise at any time the simple Dictates of a sincere Heart, tho’ unadorn’d with Forms & Ceremony. This Opinion makes me hope you will not refuse writing me a Line or two that I may have the satisfaction of knowing more particularly about your Health &ca. &ca. than what one can by public report at this distance.— To hear from Yourself that you are perfectly well & happy will be the greatest pleasure I can enjoy, except that of seeing You again; in which I certainly would indulge myself, even now instead of writing were it in my power: but for this long time past, Fortune crosses all my Designs. Indeed since I had the pleasure of seeing You last, both my Sister & I have gone thro’ a great deal of Grief & Trouble of various kinds. After having the Affliction to see our Dear Affectionate Mother suffer a long & severe Illness, we had the Misfortune to lose Her: which was a Grief almost too much for us to bear. Since that, I had a violent return of my nervous complaints which brought me so low that there were little hopes of my recovery. I was near a twelvemonth confin’d to my Room, & most part of the time to my Bed.— You will easily imagine what anxiety of mind this occasion’d my poor Sister; whose greatest foible is—being too much attach’d to me.— By this Illness of mine my Sister suffer’d much likewise in her Interests; for as she would not on any account quit me, she was oblig’d to decline several advantageous Offers in her Theatrical Profession. Misfortunes generally follow one another. At least we find it so.— A Person in whose hands my Sister & I had unluckilly placed our Money, fail’d.— So that we have as one may say to begin the World again. And to compleat our bad Luck, Death snatch’d away a Sovereign at whose Court (had I not been too giddy & fond of travelling some few Years ago) we might have been happily settled and to Whom had Fate spared Her to us, we might have had recourse at any time; particularly in our present lonely Situation!— The Great & Good Empress Maria Teresa would I am certain have even felt pleasure in taking into her Service those Orphans whose Parents as well as themselves She had formerly graciously deign’d to Patronize in a most particular manner.— But She is gone!— In short we meet with nothing but Losses & Vexation. So much so that for my part I am heartily disgusted of the World.— But why do I intrude on your time with a tiresome description of my disagreable Situation?— Excuse Dear Sir such Liberty which proceeds from the Hopes I entertain that You still allow me some share in Your Friendship. And indeed to none but who I look upon as a very sincere Friend would I mention some of these particulars concerning our little Affairs (I mean as to Losses in Money Matters) for our System is, not to complain.—Therefore I must beg my Dear Sir You will not speak of that to any one: as my mentioning it is the natural impulse of an oppress’d mind which seeks consolation in venting itself with that open sincerity & confidence peculiar to Friendship.— I flatter myself likewise that having thus confided to You alone (even unknown to my Sister) an account of the unfortunate Circumstances in which I find myself, You will assist me with your good Advice.
I am destin’d to begin the World again, & that at a time when I did suppose my Career of Life was at an end. However since it must be so, I have once more got in practise of the Armonica, & make no doubt that if I could travel with it to different capital Cities & Courts as I have done before, ’twould be well worth my while: but unfortunately for me, my Situation is now so different to what it was then, that I dread undertaking to travel with that Instrument under my charge. Well I remember the difficulties & expence attending it, & the perpetual fear of its being damaged at each Custom House &ca. &ca.— Yet at that time I was happy in my poor Dear Father’s continual care & attention. The Protection likewise of our Dear Parents made Travelling then appear to me quite in another light.— How can I now think of roving in that manner from one Country to another with only a Sister so much younger than myself?— Yet something I must do.— And really when I consider that I have the Prerogative (thro’ your goodness) of being the first public Performer on that Instrument; & that even yet, by all I can get information of, no one else has made much progress on it, tho’ some attempt it; these reflections give me courage. Were I but in Paris under your Protection!— Sometimes I have a mind to propose to my Sister for us to set off imediately towards Paris. But the knowledge I have of what one must spend in that City for Lodging, Living, &ca. &ca. and the inevitable Expence attending such a long Journey, soon deters me from proposing to undertake it merely upon Chance.
A Project however occurs to me, which if I have any good luck at all left, I should think might be brought to bear thro’ your Interest.— The Queen of France is fond of Music— A small Annual Pension from her Majesty would attach to her Service the Original Performer upon an Instrument, the Invention of which being superiorly perfect, renders it worthy the Patronage of that Sovereign. And particularly so as the Inventor is universally ador’d by the French Nation. Now if You Dear Sir will but interest yourself for me with your usual Benevolence, what should prevent this being granted?— There might likewise probably arise some advantage for my Sister, in case there should be wanting a capital Singer for an Italian serious Opera, or the Queen’s Concerts &ca. &ca.— I know Cecilia would willingly accept any reasonable Offer which would not require us to live separate. She is perfectly well in Health thank God, & her Voice still much stronger & finer than ever; ’tis amazing what power she has gain’d within these 2 or 3 last Years.— You could be of infinite Service to us both.— But I am really quite asham’d of being so importunate, & rely entirely on the benevolence of your disposition which I hope will pardon my opening my mind to You in this free manner, and applying as to a Parent for Advice & Assistance. I shall be unhappy ’till You favour me with a Letter which you will be so obliging to direct as on the other side. Thro’ that Channel I shall be certain of receiving it safe, & without my Sister’s knowledge. For I would not wish her to know of my troubling you about our Misfortunes, except I hear from You that there is a probability of succeeding in what I just now mention’d. At any rate I most earnestly request you will not fail writing to me soon as possible, as I shall wait here in Florence with the utmost impatience for your Advice.— Certainly Nobody living is so capable as You Dear Sir of striking out some Plan of Establishment to our advantage: & I know your goodness of Heart so well that I am sure You will think about it.— In short my whole Dependance is on You.— I ought to make a thousand apologies for the freedom with which I write, the length of this Letter &ca. &ca. but if You still have the Friendship for me, which I hope you have, That will excuse the faults of her who is with the highest Esteem & most sincere Attachment Dear Sir Your most oblig’d Friend & most humble Servant
Mary Ann Davies.
Madelle. Marianna Daviesricapito dall’ Illmo. Sigre.Cancelliere BarettiFirenzeItalia.

PS.— Since I am under the necessity of trying to gain a Livelyhood by the Armonica, I have another Favour to beg which I make no doubt You will be kind enough to grant. ’Tis that You will give me your Word that no other Person particularly in the musical Profession should have it in their power to boast of having instructions from Doctor Franklin either for making one of these Instruments, or for the method of playing on it. As that would just at present be the greatest detriment in the World to me. Pardon I beseech You this liberty.


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Robert R. Livingston, 27 April 1783
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Livingston, Robert R.

Dear Sir,
Passy, 27 Apl. 1783.
The Count Del Verme, an Italian Nobleman of great Distinction, does me the honour to be the Bearer of this. I have not the satisfaction to be personally acquainted with this Gentleman, but am much sollicited by some of my particular Friends, to whom his Merits & Character are known, to afford him this Introduction to you.— He is, I understand, a great Traveller, and his view in going to America is merely to see the Country, & its great Men:— I pray you will shew him every Civility, & afford him that Counsel which as a Stranger he may stand in need of.—
With great Respect I am, Dear Sir, Your most obedient & most humble Sert.
B Franklin
The honble R. R. Livingston Esqr

Notation: Letter 27 April 1783 Dr. B. Franklin Read July 8.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Duchesse de Deux-Ponts, 27 April 1783
From: Deux-Ponts, Marianne Camasse, comtesse de Forbach
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dimanche 27e. avril. 10. h. du soir. [1783]
Made. La Douairiere de Deux-ponts embrasse son digne ami de tout son cœur; elle est bien fachée de ne pouvoir lui donner du Thé demain Lundi: mais elle va à la comédie italienne, et mardi à versailles pour le reste de la semaine: afin de se dédommager d’une privation aussi Longue, elle renouvelle sa priere à son ami de lui donner un jour dans la semaine prochaine pour venir diner avec m. Le prince de Deux-ponts, et des americains françois.
Le secretaire intime présente ses tendres respects à m. Franklin et fait mille amitiés à m. son petit-fils./.

Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur Franklin. / à Passy.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from John Adams and John Jay, 28 April 1783
From: Adams, John,Jay, John
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monday April 28. 1783.
Mr Adams and Mr Jay present their Compliments to Dr Franklin and inform him, that they have just seen Mr Laurens and agreed with him upon a Meeting of the American Ministers Tomorrow at Eleven, at Mr Laurens’s Lodgings. The Drs Company is desired, and Mr Franklin Junr is requested also to attend.

Addressed: Son Excellence / Monsieur Franklin / Ministre Plenipotentiaire des / Etats Unis de L’Amerique / a Passy / Pres Paris


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Elias Boudinot, 28 April 1783
From: Boudinot, Elias, Jr.
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir/
Philadelphia Aprill 28th. 1783.
The Bearer Coll: Ogdin of the New Jersey Line, a Gentleman who has been greatly distinguished for his Bravery& good Conduct, from the first commencement of the present War, having received the permission of Congress to make a Voyage to France, on his private concerns; I must take the Liberty to reccommend him to your Excellency’s notice— He is of a good family in New Jersey, & having taken a very active part during the contest in this Country, deserves the favor & protection of every Friend to America.
He is one of those brave officers who persevered in the Journey thro’ the Wilderness to Quebec in the Year 1775, and was wounded in the attack on that City—he also bore a share in the Laurels of York Town.
I have the Honor of inclosing a Letter from the Commander in Chief, which he has committed to my Care— We are in daily and anxious Expectation of the Definitive Treaty, having been a long time without advices from our Ministers abroad, our last Letters being dated in February.
The terms of Peace give universal Satisfaction, her [here], except the article relative to English Debts, remaining silent, as to the time allowed our Citizens to make the payments— The situation of our Country—The property of the Whigs being in the Public Funds, not a farthing of which can be had—The great Losses from the depreciated Money, and the stagnation of Trade for years past—make it absolutely necessary that three or four years should be allowed, for this purpose, in giving security for the Debts— If an immediate payment should be required, it will cast our Merchants so entirely into the power of the British Creditors as to be very injurious to the interests of France—

I have the honor to be with the greatest Respect & Esteem Your Excellency’s Most Obedt. & very Hble Sert
Elias Boudinot
His Excellency Doctr. Franklinprivate

Addressed: His Excellency Benjamin Franklin L L D / Minister-plenipotentiary from the United States / of America, at the Court of France / Paris. / Elias Boudinot
Notation: Boudinot 28 apl. 1783


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Marquis de Lafayette, 28 April 1783
From: Lafayette, Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

à Paris Ce 28. Avril [1783]
Le Mis. De la fayette fait Ses compliments à Monsieur franklin et le prie de lui faire lhonneur de Venir diner chez luy jeudy prochain en Sa maison Rue de Bourbon.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from ——— Madlin, 28 April 1783
From: Madlin, ——
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
De paris ce 28. avril 1783
Mil pardons De cette Liberte Mais La crainte de vous importuné De vive voix Mis oblige pour vous doner avis Dune petites créance dont Monsieur vôtre fils Mes [m’est] redevable sen doutes c’est pure oublie de sa part sil Ny à pas satisfait avant son depart. Jôse éxpére Monsieur que voudré bien remarqué que Nétant point fournisseur ordinaire Je crois quils est apropos de vous donner avis que cette petites dettes est pour réparation en fait de sellerie et aûtre diférente petite fourniture par Moi fournie Montant a la somme de cent six livre dont Je fournirai le Memoir en segond si Monsieur Lexige. Jose ésperé une réponce favorable et suis en attendant avec toutes La soumission La plus réspéctueuse qui vous est due Monsieur Votre très humble et très hobeisant et soumis serviteur
Madlin
Madlin sellier rue du bacq pres Les Jaccobin a paris

Addressed: a Monsieur / Monsieur francklin perre / en son hôtelle a passis / a passi / Madlin
Notation: Madelin 28. Avril 1783.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Patience Wright, 28 [April] 1783
From: Wright, Patience
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Honred Sir
London [torn: April] 28th 1783
I had the pleasure to See your Son at my house govonour Franklin and acording to my Custom I had a long Chatt with him—as I am now in Fashon at Court or in other words am not in the Same Disgrace as while America was in Rebelion—Wherefore now I Can Speak out Such truths as may be useful to the honest Well meaning Rulers: who all own, they have not had truth laid before them—
The parliment is much devided with Regard to the Loyalists and their Clame being Just on the King—it is thought the people will Make him actt the honest Part by them; or Make an Enquirey: which nothing he fears So Much—for his fears of being Calld to an acount has been the Cause of all the Delays in Ministry and in acts of traed Repeals &c. great Care is taken to Keep up the Spirits of the people and all Parties are Decevd and Deceving Each other But Nothing is Determand by any Party but to Keep off Justice or the—Retrospect: Ld North has a promiss from all Parties to Keep him his head— The Bank the great Band of Society Keep all together untill you make us a visit Nothing will be Setteld.
The govonour looks well but old: and is very prudent: and he being Chose by New Jersey will be Considerd by us that forward: the good Claim on the King; as much Strengtheng the Cause of the people against his tyranacall unjust treatment of all America: Friends and Enemies as their Case is now the Subject of Conversation.
I most heartly Joyne in Seting their Case in the Strongest light in favour of those well Meaning honest Men who Now Suffer for their Loyalty to the disgrace of Kings—
I hope those good opertunitys to unite all our force against tyrants Knaves &ca will be Now the bessiness of all great good men and help the people out of their present dificultys We Still look up to you and are with the Most Sincer Inthuzam your faithful Friend and very humbl Servant The People Joynd by Esteem
Patience Wright

The Prince Wails Calld on us friday Ld Dartmouth Ld Lusom with others Imploy My Son-in-Law to Paint thir Portrits
Major Labilliere has his Christian Army almost Ready he Calls him Self a Christian Soldier

Addressed: His Exelency / Doctr Franklin / Passy / Paris
Notation: Wright 28 Apl. 1783


Title: The American Peace Commissioners: Three Proposed Articles, [29 April 1783]
From: American Peace Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Adams, John,Jay, John,Laurens, Henry
To:

[April 29, 1783]

No. 1.
  Article
  It is agreed, that so soon, as his Britannic Majesty shall have withdrawn all his Armies, Garrisons and Fleets, from the United States of America, and from every Port, Post, Place and Harbour within the Same, as stipulated by the 7. Article of the Provisional Treaty of 30. Nov. 1782, Then, and from thenceforth, for and during the Term of [blank] Years, all Rivers, Harbours, Lakes, Ports and Places, belonging to the United States, or any of them, shall be open and free, to the Merchants and other Subjects of the Crown of Great Britain, and their trading Vessels; who shall be received, treated, and protected, like the Merchants and trading Vessels of the State in which they may be, & be liable to no other Charges or Duties.
And reciprocally all Rivers, Harbours, Lakes, Ports and Places under the Dominion of his Britannic Majesty, shall, thenceforth be open and free to the Merchants and trading Vessels of the said United States, and of each & every of them, who shall be received, treated and protected, like the Merchants & trading Vessels of Great Britain, and be liable to no other Charges or Duties: Saving always to the Chartered Trading Companies of Great Britain, such exclusive Use and Trade of their respective Ports & Establishments, as neither the other Subjects of Great Britain, or any the most favoured Nation participate in.

No. 2.
Article
It is agreed that such Persons as may be in Confinement in the United States of America, for or by Reason of the Part which they may have taken in the late War shall be set at Liberty immediately on the Evacuation of the said States by the Troops and Fleets of his Britannic Majesty.
And it is likewise agreed, that all such Persons who may be in Confinement in any Parts under the Dominion of his Britannic Majesty, for and by Reason of the Part which they may have taken in the late War, shall at the same time be also immediately set at Liberty.

No. 3.
Article
The Prisoners made respectively by the Arms of his Britannic Majesty & those of the United States of America, both by Land & Sea, shall be immediately set at Liberty without Ransom, on paying the Debts they may have contracted during their Captivity: And each contracting Party shall respectively reimburse the Sums which shall have been advanced for the Subsistence & Maintenance of their Prisoners, by the Sovereign of the Country where they shall have been detained, according to the Receipts & attested Accounts, & other authentic Titles, which shall be produced on each Side.

Notation by William Temple Franklin: 3 Articles proposed by the American Ministers & deliver’d to Mr. D. Hartley the 29. Apl 1783.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Ingenhousz, 29 April 1783
From: Ingenhousz, Jan
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear friend
Vienna in Austria April 29 1783.
The bearer of this, Mr. james Robertson, being arrived at Paris from a tour thro Italie, after having spent some time in Vienna, where he followed my experiments and became one of my friends, has begged the favour of me to send him an introductory lettre to you. As he is a very worthy and learned Gentleman, I can not refuse his request, and take the liberty to introduce him by this to your countenance and acquaintance. As he is thoroughly acquainted with a good deal of my perquisitions, he may inform you at a leasure hour with som of my transactions.
I have made a great deal of experiments with one of the strongest batteries, having three and tharty feet square surface coated, and have succeeded perfectely in imitating the phenomenon, which happened on the vane of a Steeple at Cremona. I cut a vane of thin foil of this form and zize I cut it in several pieces stikking one piece on the one side of a card and the following alternately at the opposit side of it, leaving between each Some space not covered, that is to say placing the pieces thus, that there was some space left between the edge of one piece and the edge of the Corresponding piece at the opposit side, so that the explosion was obliged to pass, not in a direct, but somewhat in a diagonal way thro the card to leap from one piece of metal to the other. The burr of all the holes was on both side of the Card but in general stronger at that side, where the flash went out to get at the metal piece on that Side. A great part of every piece of metal was partly exploded, partly melted, were it was melted only, Several small holes were observable, whose edges had been manifestly melted; and in those I could not distinguish which way the melted metal was chiefly driven outwards; but in some pieces of metal one hole, in some two were observed, whose edges were bended indifferently towards the one and the other Side the middel part of it being exploded. Some of those holes had a part of their edges turn’d the one way and an other part (in the same hole) the other way. Where I found two holes in one piece of metal, I found also two holes in the card opposit the holes struck in the metal. In some of these experiments I had Covered both Surfaces of the card with a piece of paper by means of sealing wax. But both those papers wher all torn to rags and the melted metal flew thro the room at the distance of several paces— I tryed also to imitate the phenomenon in this way: I flatted a copper wire by hamering it, and than Cut it in a tapering way: the explosion of the battery dissipated a great deal of it into smoak, the edges were ragged and had been in a melted Condition. But in none of them, I could as yet discover any real hole. Tho I think it not impossible to imitate the effect of the lightening at Cremona by directing an electrical blast thro a vane of this nature: and I will make more experiments to this purpose— In the last paper you was So good as to send me about the lightning of Cremona, you have proposed to give me, if I desire it, your opinion about the effect you mention there of an explosion of a battery by a discharging rod, by which explosion twelfe jarrs out of twenty where perforated notwithstanding the electric fire found an Open passage. Now I begg earnestly the favour of being instructed on this head. Give me leave allso to remind you of the theory of the new fire place in which the smoak is burn’d.
I have made some more capital discoveries in the laws of Nature, and have now a Stock of above 2000 experiments of which I will give an extract to the public. I would allready have done it, but mr. le Begue de Presle keeps My M.S. in hands and does not get it printed, of which delay I can not so Much as guess the reason.
I think it will be better to delay giving you an account of Some philos. papers which I took either from Conversing with you or from your own letters, till you are here, where I hope you will stay some weaks, as probably Some commercial or political arrangements with your new republic will be the Subjet of meetings you will have either with the Emperour or his ministers. But during your stay here I hope to have a good and even the best share of private Conversation with you. You can’t grudge at some inconvience which must naturaly attend your exalted situation in life, by being Courted or plaged by Such, as out of respect, admiration or curiosity are extremely desirous of the advantage of being presented to you. Even a look of you now is become a desirable object. This inconvenience attending human grandour, which excites pride and vanity in men of the first rank, can not excite such passion in a man of your turn of mind and of your age. But this your Uncommon situation, at which many in every age have adspired but which was obtained by few, must excite in you some indulgence for an old friend, on Whom some rais of that splendor, which surrounds you, seem to be cast, proceeding from the friendship, with which you honour him. I am more and more Courted by people of every rang to present them to you. But what may be flattering to me, must be reather burtensom to you; and for that reason I will use on this head as much discretion as possible— A few days ago the greatest favourite of the Emperour Count Lacy marechal of our armies requested a favour of me, Viz. to ask you whether you Should think it would answer the purpose, if the famous Statuary mr. Ceraqui of Rome, who has work’d in London and has now finish’d an excellent bust of the Emperour of Marechal Lacy, Laudun &c. should goe over to America in expectation of being employed in erecting or making marmor and Such like monuments, which the present Generation will probably erect to the perpetual memory of those eminent men who have had a great share in promoting the greatest revolution, which exist in human history, as also of the revolution it Self. Marechal Lacy added, that, in case there was a prospect of finding employment there, and money should be Scarce, gouvernment could grant him land. Now, as it is very probable, that this Scheem derives from a superior hand, I could not refuse proposing you the question, and begging of you an answer as Soon as it will be convenient to you— I see in the papers that a medal has been struck at Paris by your direction. None of them have yet arrived here.
Would you be so good as to engage Mr. Le Roy of the Royal academie to take Care of the printing of my books, in case Mr. Le Begue should be seck or dead, which I fear must be the case. Your intercession will Certainly have great wight with that gentleman, who is a learned and obliging man by nature. He will be at no expenses, as I can Send him the letters by the way of public ministers.
I am with due respect Your most obedient servant and affectionate friend
J Ingen Housz

I have heard as yet nothing of mr. Sam. wharton. I write this post to mr. Coffyn of Dunkerque to inquire whether he has got some farther intelligence of mr. Wharton. Pray, if you see Dr. Bankroft, be so good as to give him this note and to engage him to write me about what he knows of mr. Wharton and his transactions for our joint Concern.
I am sorry to see, that the King of England has chosen among his ministers those, who ruin’d and dismembred his empire, how [who] were the cause of so much blodshed, and how must, for that reason, be eternaly curs’d by America, whose friendship and protection they now implore with their hands still stained with its blod. I aknowledge your having been in the right by saying that that nation is Corrupted and degraded and therefore deserves to be ruin’d. They seem now to exercise still their hauhtiness against my Countrymen. Can France, Spain and America Suffre this, consistend with their honour?
to his Excellency B. Franklin Ministre Plenip. of the United States of America. at Passy

Endorsements: April 29, 83 / Mr Robertson Hotel d’Orleans. rue des petits Augustins / Answer’d May 17. 83


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Jane Mecom, 29 April 1783
From: Mecom, Jane
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Brother
Boston April 29 1783
I have at Length recved a Leter from you in your own Hand writing, after a Total Silance of three years, in which Time Part of an old Song would Some times Intrude it Self in to my mind,
Does He love & yet forsake me
for
can he forgit me
will he Niglegt me. This was but momentary at other times I concluded it was un Reasonable to Expect it & that you might with grate Proprity After my Teazing you so often, send me the Ansure that Nehemiah did to Tobias, & Sanbalet, who Endevared to obstruct His Rebulding The Temple of Jerusalem, I am doing a grate work; why Should the work Ceace whilest I Leave it & come Down to you.
And a Grate work Indeed you have Done God be Praised. I hope now you, your Self, will think you have done enouf for the Publick, and will now Put in Execution what you have Sometimes wished to be premited to do; Sit down & Spend the Evening with your Friends. I am Looking Round me at Cambridge for a Comodious Seatt for you, not with any grat Hopes of your coming there I confes (but wishes) knoing you are Accomedated so much to your mind at Philadelphia, and have your children there. I Should However Expect a Share of your corispondence when you have Leasure; & Beleve me my Dear Brother, your writing to me gives me so much Pleasure that the grate, the very grate, Presents you have sent me is but a Secondary Joy, I have been very Sick this winter at my Daughters, keept my chamber Six weeks but had a Suficency for my Suply of Every thing that could be a comfort to me of my own before I recved any Intimation of the Grat Bounty from your Hand which your Leter has conveyed to me, for I have not been Lavish of what I before Posesed, knoing Sicknes & misfourtens might happen & Certainly old Age but I Shall now be So Rich that I may Indulg in a Small degree a Propencity to help Some Poor cretures who have not the Blesings I Injoy.
My Good Fortune came to me all to gether to comfort me in my weak State, for as I had been So unlucky as not to recve the Leter you Sent me throw yor Son Baches hands tho he In formes me he forwarded it Emediatly His Leter with a Drauft for twenty five Guneys came to my Hand Just before yours which I have recved & cannot find Expreshon Suitable to acknolidg my Gratitude, How am I by my Dear Brother Enabled to live at Ease in my old Age (after a Life of care Labour & Anxiety) without which I must have been miserable.
The other Bills are not Paid yet & Corll Johonett is Absent & there is Some Demur about it but I Sopose it may turn out Right by & by His cousen Promises to call on me Prehap He will before I close this Leter, I have waited a fortnight and cannot git the bill Accepted nor a Sight of the Gentileman tho He has Promised many times He will come & talk with me, I am Informed Since I Came to Town that Mr. Williams had recved the other.—
I yester day recved a Leter from Mrs Bache She Informs me She Expects you Home this Sumer that She & her chilldren are all well her Husband Gone to New York.
I was quite in a weak State when I came to Boston but find my Self gro Stronger Every Day Porpose to go to the State of Rhoad Island in about a Fortnight to Spend the Summer I think if you come to America & come this way you will not Fail to call on me & our Good Friend Greene She Desiered me long ago to tell you how Happy She was in the Acquaintance of Some Gentleman you Recomended to them, how Exactly He ansured yor Discription, but I then forgot it & cant now Remember the Name. I heard from there Lately they are all well have an Increce of Grandchilldren which makes them very Happy.

I percive Mr Williams is Highly Pleased with His Entertainment in France writs about going to England & not Returning in Less than a year However that may be I Shall Chirish Some Hopes that you will come with Him tho on Second tho I think it will be two valeuable a Treasure among our famelyes to venture in won Botome but Shall depend on that Provedence which has hitherto Been your Preserver Protecter & Defender and am as Ever your affectionat and obliged Sister
Jane Mecom

My Love to W T F whose Hand writing in your Leter & His name in the Signing the Trety as a Secratery gives me Pleasure


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Robert Morris, 29 April 1783
From: Morris, Robert
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Sir
Philada. April 29th. 1783
When an Officer who has distinguished himself by a Series of Brave Actions in the defence of american Liberty wishes to be introduced to you, whose time & Labours have been exhausted in the same cause, it would be unjust to him to you and to myself not to afford him the opportunity of payg you his respects.
This introduction is in favour of Colo. Maths. Ogden of the New Jersey Brigade whose testimonial from the Commander in Chief justifies what I have said, and I am confident you will not only countenance & advise, but also befriend him in any matters wherein you can with propriety become usefull to a deserving Young Gentleman.
With perfect respect & sincere regard, I am Dr sir Your Affectionate hble Servt
Robt Morris

Addressed: His Excy / Benjn. Franklin Esqr. / Minister Plenipoy at the / Court of Versailles / by Colo Ogden
Notation: Robt. Morris apl. 29. 1783.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Thomas Roberts, 29 April 1783
From: Roberts, Thomas
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir
Dunkerke 29th Apl 1783
Having Commanded Severel Privteers under the American and French Flagg during the late Ware and having been taken Prisoner in the Escamature by the Fly Sloop of Ware & Hunter Cutter on the 26th Septr last & Carried into yarmouth where I was Confined in Prison upwards of four Months and from there was removed to Newgate London where I remained till 31st Marh when I obtained my Liberty & returned to Dunkerke where I am out of all manner of employ & having expended Large Sums of Money in defending my Seelf on my Triel & on various unavoidable occaisions Shall ever esteem the Houner of your Protection in a Commisson to Saile under American Coullers for the future Suport of my Seelfe & Fameley I am Sir your Most Obedt &—very faithful Servt
Thos Robertsat Mr Coffins American Agent Dunkerk

Addressed: His Excellency Lord Franklin / Plenipotentiary Ministere of the United / States of America at / Paris


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Richard Bache: Two Letters, 30 April 1783
From: Bache, Richard
To: Franklin, Benjamin

I.
Dr. & Hond: Sir
Philadelphia 30th. April 1783.
The inclosed Letters were intended to be sent some time ago by Mr. Jefferson, who went as far as Maryland as a Commissioner for Peace, but he being recalled; I now commit them to the care of Mr. Restife, a Gentleman that came over with the Minister of France, he appears to be a good kind of Man, & has been very intimate in our Family— We are all well & happy in the blessings of Peace— I am ever Dear Sir Your affectionate Son
Rich: Bache

Addressed: The Honble. / Dr. Benjamin Franklin / Minister Plenipoy. from the United / States of No. America / at Passy / Favored by Mr. Restive

II.
Dear & Hond: Sir
Philadelphia April 30h 1783.
This I hope will be handed you by Colonel Ogden of the Jersey Line, a Gentleman that has been in the Service of the United States since the commencement of the Contest with Great Britain, & has distinguished himself in the Service as a Soldier of high reputation, and unblemished Honor— As such I beg leave to recommend him to your Notice & Civilities not doubting you will find him highly deserving of them— I am ever Dear Sir Your affectionate Son
Rich. Bache
Dr. Franklin

Addressed: The Honble. / Dr: Benjamin Franklin / Minister Plenipoy. from the / United States / at / Passy. / favored by Col: Ogden


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Baron Otto von Blome, 30 April 1783
From: Blome, Baron Otto von
To: Franklin, Benjamin

à Paris ce 30 avril 1783
M. de Blome a L’honneur d’assurer Monsieur Francklin de son sincere attachement et de Lui faire savoir qu’Il aura soin de faire parvenir à M. le Baron de Rosencrone La Lettre qu’Il Lui a adressé pour ce Ministre.
Il fait en meme tems bien des remerciments à Monsieur Francklin de la Medaille qu’Il a eu la bonté de Lui envoyer, et qu’Il accepte avec autant de plaisir que de reconnoissance.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Vergennes, 30 April 1783
From: Vergennes, Charles Gravier, comte de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

à Versles. le 30. Avril 1783.
Jai eu l’honneur, Monsieur, de vous adresser le 22. du mois dernier une lettre de Mr. le Mis. de Ségur accompagnée d’un Etat estimatif des effets d’artillerie apartenant au Roi qui Sont restés à Baltimore. Je vous ai prié en même tems de vouloir bien, le plustot qu’il vous Seroit possible, me dire votre Sentiment sur la proposition que faisoit le Ministre de la guerre de céder aux Etats Unis les effets dont il s’agit. J’attends Monsieur, vôtre réponse avec d’autant plus d’impatience que Mr. le Mis. de Ségur me presse beaucoup moi même de lui en donner une qui le mette en état de se décider sur les mesures qu’il peut y avoir à prendre relativemt. aux effets dont il est question.
J’ai l’honneur d’être très Sincéremt. Monsieur, votre très humble et très obéissant Serviteur
De Vergennes
Mr. francklin./ .


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Messey, [April? 1783]
From: Messey
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
[April, 1783?]
J’ai recu il y a quelques jours la Lettre dont vous m’avez honoré et la precieuse Medaile dirigée et frappée par vos Soins et l’ordre des états unies de vôtre patrie de la Merique qui Cateratrisa [caractérisera] dans tous les Sçicles [siècles] avenir la valeur avec la quelle cette brave nation a acquise l’independance.
Je tient monsieur cette faveur et marque de distinction des bontés avec les quels vous avez bien voulu m’accorder vôtre estime pendant le Sejour que jai fais a Passy, que jai employés avec grand plaisir a vous rendre mes devoirs et faire la connoissance de l’homme Le plus Celebre de nos jours.
Je regrette encore de n’avoir pas étés en même d’avoir cherché a meriter cette grace au prix de partie de mon Sang pour le Service de cette respectable patrie mais outre que j’avois quitté le Service le Roi mon maitre en l’honorant de sa protection et d’une partie de Ses Troupes na pas cru necessaire d’y faire passer de la Cavalerie a y Servir comme volontaire.
A ce deffaut monsieur je vais consacrer a ma posterité cette precieuse Medaile pour quelle ce Souvienne qu’un homme capable par ces grands talans d’avoir procuré l’independance a sa patrie m’ait trouvé digne de Ses bontés et j’oses vous demander la grace de me les continuer.
Quand a celle que vous me faites de me dire les choses les plus honnêtes et les plus flateuses dans la Langues françoise que vous dites ne pas Savoir assez pour vous Exprimer comme vous le desireriez monsieur, je me garderez bien quoique né avec l’usage de cette Langue d’oser repondre á tous ce que faite l’honneur de me dire crainte de ny pas mettre autant d’énergie de feu et de politesses.
Je me renfermerés-donc monsieur a vous assurer du profond respect et de toute la consideration avec le quel je suis pour la vie monsieur Vôtre trés heumble et trés Obeissant Serviteur
Messey

Pardonné monsieur Si je me Sert d’une main etranger mais depuis le Carnaval je suis attaqué d’un espece de Catare qui mait tombé Sur une Epaule quil a falu dechiqueté et enlevé partie des chaires jai été ord’Etat de faire une passe da.
Permetté que monsieur votre fils recoive ici monsieur les assurances de ma parfaites reconnoissance de l’honneur de Son Souvenir insy que mest très heumbles Compliments j’espere vivre encore assez quoi quen quatre vingt trois ans pour l’entendre renomé au nombre d’un des grands hommes de Sa patrie en vous imettant monsieur.


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to the Loge des Commandeurs du Temple, 1 May 1783
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Masonic Lodge, Commandeurs du Temple

	Dear Brethren,
Passy, the 1st. of the 3d. Mo. 5783. [i.e., May 1, 1783]
I received your fraternal Letter dated the 21st. past, and am extremely sensible of your kind Congratulations, and of the Honour you propose to do me by an Act of Affiliation into your most respectable Lodge. I accept the Offer with great Satisfaction. And wishing you every kind of Felicity, particularly that your Power of doing Good may always be equal to your Inclination, I remain, Your very affectionate Brother
B Franklin
To the Commanders of the Temple at Carcassonne.

Addressed by L’Air de Lamotte: A Monsieur / Monsieur David de LaSajeole, Avocat / en Parlement / à Carcassonne.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Vicomte de La Houssaye, 1 May 1783
From: La Houssaye, ——, vicomte de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monseigneur
Rennes 1er. May 1783
Comme tresorier principal de la Guerre En la province de Bretagne, jay Ete chargé de vous faire passer a Boston plusieurs millions, je me Suis acquitté de Cette Commission avec autant d’exactitude que de zele, Comme Bon Citoyen Et amy des americains; j’ose vous suplier de vouloir Bien me faire Le Cadot d’une medaille qui me Servira de Reconnoissance Et de gage pretieux de votre Estime, j’en decoreray mon Cabinet et Garderay Soigneusement Et pretieusement la Lettre qui accompagnera Cette Liberalité.
Je Suis avec un Respect infini de Votre Excellence Le tres humble & tres obeissant Serviteur
Le Vicomte DE La HOUSSAŸE


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from David Hartley, 3 May 1783
From: Hartley, David
To: Franklin, Benjamin

My Dear friend
Paris May 3 1783
The Duke of Manchester is come. I have seen Mr Adams & Mr Jay this Morning. They both intend to pay their respects to his Grace I believe this evening or tomorrow morning— I have not seen Mr Jay but I presume he will do the same. I take the liberty to inform you of this.
Yours ever affecly
D H.

Addressed: To Dr Franklin / &c &c &c / Passy
Endorsed: Mr Hartley May 3. 1783


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Vergennes, 4 May 1783
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Vergennes, Charles Gravier, comte de

Sir,
Passy, May 4. 1783
I have considered the Proposal of M. le Mis. de Segur, to cede to the Congress the military Stores left by M. de Rochambeau at Baltimore; and I am of Opinion that it is probable a Part of them may be acceptable, if not the whole; and that possibly some of the different States may be enclined to purchase what the Congress should not want. But as I am ignorant of what may or may not be wanted by the Congress, and have no Orders to purchase or procure more Stores than have already been provided here, I can enter into no Agreement respecting them. If a Power be sent to the Ambassador or Consul to treat with the Congress or the separate States concerning them, it may be the most probable means of disposing of them to Advantage. I am with Respect, Sir, Your Excellency’s most obedient & most humble Servant
B Franklin
M. le Comte de Vergennes.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Sarsfield, 4 May 1783
From: Sarsfield, Guy-Claude, comte de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear sir.
rue pot de fer 4 may 1783
J’esperois avoir lhonneur de vous voir ce matin. J’en ai eté empeché par quelques affaires qui m’ont arretè Et Je me trouve forcé de vous ecrire parce que ce que J’ay a vous demander Demande un peu de Diligence.
Cest que Vous ayez la bonté de m’envoyer une lettre ou plusieurs de Recommandation en faveur de Jacques-Jean-patient Mazurié fils d’un maire de Landerneau En Bretagne qui va a Philadelphie dans L’intention d’y Etablir une maison de Commerce. Je ne le connois pas personellement mais Je prends le plus grand interet a Sa famille Et a Ses associes qui me Sont attachés depuis long tems.
Je fis l’autre jour une indiscretion En vous demandt. devant Mr De Brecquigny Si vous aviez Envoyé une medaille a Son academie. Je vous prie de vouloir bien en recevoir mes Excuses. Pour tacher de reparer mes torts, J’auray lhonneur de vous prevenir que quelqu’uns des officiers gaux. [généraux] de notre marine qui ont Eté a la baie de Chesapeak Lors de la prise du Ld Cornwallis Se proposent de vous En faire demander. Je me fais un plaisir de vous en avertir parce que, Si vous voulez leur en donner, vous aurez le merite de les prevenir sinon Je tacherai de Les detourner de leur demarche par quelque raison que vous me suggererez. Je ne puis Encore vous indiquer que M Le Cher. [chevalier] De Monteil mais les autres le suivroient. Il Est vray que Je pourrois lui recommander de n’en point parler dans ce moment cy.
Vous Connoissez my dear sir, les sentimens avec lesquels Jay Lhonneur detre Votre tres humble Et tres obeissant serviteur
SARSFIELD


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Vergennes, 5 May 1783
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Vergennes, Charles Gravier, comte de

Sir,
Passy, May 5. 1783
I have the honour to communicate to your Excellency herewith three Articles proposed between Mr. Hartley and the American Commissioners, respecting Commerce. He has sent them to his Court for their Approbation. I doubt their Obtaining it; But we shall see. I am with Respect, Sir, Your Excellency’s Most obedient & most humble Servant
B Franklin
M. le Comte de Vergennes.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Vergennes, 5 May 1783
From: Vergennes, Charles Gravier, comte de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Versailles le 5 May 1783
Je reçois, Monsieur, les deux Lettres d’hier et d’aujourd’hui que vous m’avez fait l’honneur de m’ecrire et la Copie des trois Articles debattus entre M.M les Commissaires des Etats Unis et M Hartley. Vous voudrez bien agréer que je prenne un temps competent pour les Examiner avant de vous proposer les Observations qui peuvent avoir trait a nos liens reciproques. Recevez en attendant, Monsieur mes sinceres Remercimens de cette communication confederal.

J’espere avoir l’honneur de vous voir demain a Versailles; Je desire quil vous soit possible de vous rendre à l’assemblée des Ministres Etrangers. On observe que MM les Ministres et Commissaires des Etats Unis viennent bien rarement ici, et l’on en tire des Consequences que Je suis assuré que leurs Commettans desavoueroient s’ils en avoient Connoissance.
J’ai lhonneur d’etre avec un sincere Attachement, Monsieur, Votre tres humble et trés obeissant Serviteur
De Vergennes
A Monsieur Franklin


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Vergennes, 5 May 1783
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Vergennes, Charles Gravier, comte de

Sir
Passy, May 5. 1783.
It was my Intention to pay my Devoirs at Versailles to-morrow. I thank your Excellency nevertheless for your kind Admonition. I omitted two of the last three Days from a mistaken Apprehension that being Holidays there would be no Court. Mr Laurens & Mr Jay are both Invalids; and since my last severe Fit of the Gout, my Legs have continu’d so weak, that I am hardly able to keep Pace with the Ministers, who walk fast, especially in going up and down Stairs. I beg you to be assured that whatever Deficiency there may be of Strength, there is none of Respect, in Sir, Your Excellency’s most obedient & most humble Servant
B Franklin
His Excelly. the Count de Vergennes.

Notation: M. de R.