Title: From George Washington to Thomas Ringgold Tilghman, 10 May 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Tilghman, Thomas Ringgold

Sir;
Mount Vernon May 10th 1786

Being at Richmond when your favor of the 22d Ulto came to this place, is the reason of its having lain so long unacknowledged. I delayed not a moment after my return, to discharge the Ball[anc]e of your deceased Brother’s acct against me, to Mr Watson, according to your request.
As there were few men for whom I had a warmer friendship, or greater regard than for your Brother—Colonel Tilghman—when living; so, with much truth I can assure you, that, there a⟨re⟩ none whose death I could more sincerely have regretted. and I pray you, & his numerous friends to permit me to mingle my sorrows with theirs on this unexpected & melancholy occasion—and that they would accept my compliments of condolence on it, I am—Sir Yr most Obedt Hble Servt

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from John Dandridge, 12 May 1786
From: Dandridge, John
To: Washington, George

Sir
New Kent Court house May—12th 1786

About three weeks since, Mr Wm Holt of Williamsburg informed me that there were some Eastern shore beans lodged in my neighbourhood for him, & requested me to take them into my possession, & send you one half; which I now do in the bag connected with this letter—Mr Holt expected this would have

been done long before this, but the Gent. with whom the beans were lodged has been from home until within a few days.
You will be so good as to inform my Aunt, that her acquaintances & relations are all well, except my Grandmother who is at present tormented with the rheumatism; & present my Duty & affection—With sincere sentiments of respect & Esteem I am, Sir, yr Sert

Jn Dandridge


Title: From George Washington to Battaile Muse, 12 May 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Muse, Battaile

Sir,
Mount Vernon 12th May 1786.

I have received your letter of the 6th instt but not inclining to take your surplus wheat, on purchase, will order it to be ground & packed, subject to your order—As you did not direct what kind of flour it should be made into—it will be fine only—unless you should in time direct otherwise.
I lost very considerably by the delay of your wheat—In the first of the Manufactury of it I had a brisk demand for my superfine flour at 40/ & 38/ pr Barrl and for that which has been lately ground I have not had more than 32/ offered—and this price for a small quantity only.
The enclosed was brought to me (under cover) by the person whose name is mentioned therein and with whom I have agreed. I am Sir yr Very Hble servt

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Samuel Purviance, 12 May 1786
From: Purviance, Samuel
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Baltimore 12th May 1786

The Packet inclosed with this came under Cover to me from a Mr Pike of Newbury Port, (a Person utterly unknown to Me) with a Request that I woud forward it to you—Shoud you have occasion to reply, Letters sent to me can be readily forwarded from hence, by Vessels bound to Boston or Newbury Port.
I received the Letter which you was so obliging as to write me by Mr Neilson, for which I thank you: also your favour by Mr Harris, to whom I gave a Letter to my friend Mr Samuel Hughes, who has had the chief management of the Susquehanna Canal, and who gave him an Introduction to Mr Brindley, which I presume answerd his Expectations, as I learn Mr Brindley has since been down at James River.
When the Commissioners appointed by your Assembly to examine the Navigation of the Kenhawa & James River, have executed that Bussin[es]s; you will greatly oblige me by a Communication of their report, or such part thereof as you may be at liberty to mention—My Son who I informed you had traveled last Fall thro part of that country, on his return from Louisville, tells me it is 68 Miles from where he crossd the Kenhawa or New River, to Crows Ferry on James River, and that the whole of that distance is a better Waggon Road than he has traveled in any of these States, and the Passage across the Mountains in that Quarter very easey for full loaded Waggons: but I presume this is not the nearest Communication between the two Rivers.
I hope the Peace or treaty lately concluded with the Shawnese, will facilitate & encourage Settlements about the two Kenhaways, which may add to the Value of Land in that Quarter—I woud readily consent either to rent, or sell out on moderate terms, rather than be a means of retarding the Settlements. I am with great Respect Sir Your most Obedt & Very hble Servt

Saml Purviance


Title: To George Washington from William Fitzhugh, 15 May 1786 [letter not found]
From: Fitzhugh, William Jr.
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from William Fitzhugh, Jr., of Maryland. On 15 May GW wrote Fitzhugh: “Your favor of the 13th came to me this day.”


Title: To George Washington from Joseph Jones, 14 May 1786
From: Jones, Joseph
To: Washington, George

Dr Sr
Richmond 14th may 1786.

Apprehending from the conversation that passed between us at the Bowling-green you might think as well as others a meeting of the assembly necessary to take into consideration the late proceeding of Congress respecting the System of revenue of the 18th of April 1783—I beg leave to trouble you with a more accurate account of that business than I was then able to give you, tho’ I think I then told you we had complied with the system as to the impost, but had departed from it with respect to the other branch of the revenue—but doubted whether if all the States had granted the impost Congress could execute that part without the other—I think also I said we had no official communication on the subject when I left Richmond, and that I conceived if Congress thought an earlier, than the usual, meeting of our assembly necessary, it shod have been desired. I find our act grants the impost fully, and goes to that subject only, and that the other was taken into the revenue law. after geting to Town and attending the Board on monday the 1st May I found the Govr had received a letter from our Delegates on the subject dated the 16th last month, from which I transcribe the following extract for your information “The representation of the 15th of Febry last upon the system of revenue of the 18th of april 1783 Has operated very successfully—N. york and Georgia are now the only States whose accession to the impost part of the system we have not received authentic information of, and the accession of the latter we have such information of, as leaves no doubt an authentic act will shortly come to hand—N. york has passed an act effecting a compliance but clogged with conditions and provisions which render it inadmissible—Your Excellency will observe that Virginia having in her act granted only the impost part of the System she stands of course in the representation of the 15th of Febry amongst ⟨those⟩ States who have not fully

complied—We think it not amiss to inform you that most of the States, who have in any degree complied, have left out the supplementary funds. It will be to no usefull purpose for Virga to take the subject under consideration at an earlier period than the fall Session—whenever all the States have so formed their acts as to embrace the impost alone, that part of the System may go into effect, so far the act of Virginia is already competent to its operation, and it is not probable that her accession to the other part will become necessary before the fall.” Add to these observations what, if my memory does not deceive me, is a fact that the act of Pennsylvania cannot operate untill all the States adopt the whole of the system of 83, and you will be satisfied an earlier meeting of the assembly for the purpose of taking into consideration the business, is unnecessary. A ⟨wish to explain⟩ in this matter to you and through you to any other whose observations may lead to the subject, will I hope be to you a sufficient apology for troubling you with this letter—with respectfull compliments to Mrs Washington I am Dr Sr yr aff. hum. sevt

Jos. Jones


Title: From George Washington to William Fitzhugh, Jr., 15 May 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Fitzhugh, William Jr.

Dear Sir,
Mount Vernon 15⟨th May 1786⟩

Your favor of the 13th came to me this day. Particular attention shall be paid to the Mares which your Servant brought; and when my Jack is in the humour they shall derive all the benefits of his labours—for labour it appears to be. At present, tho’ young, he follows what one may suppose to be the example of his late royal Master, who cannot, tho’ past his grand climacterick, perform seldomer, or with more Majestic solemnity, than he does. However, I am not without hope, that when he becomes a little better acquainted with republican enjoyments, he will amend his manners, and fall into a better & more expeditious mode of doing business. If the case should be otherwise, I should have no disinclination to present his Catholic Majesty with as good a thing, as he gave me.
I am very sorry to hear of the accident which befel Colo. Fitzhugh in his late trip to Virginia; but, from the effect of it, I hope he will soon be perfectly recovered. I am happy in having it in my power to furnish the Colo. with a Bushel of the Barley, requested in your letter. A propos, are there any persons in your neighbourhood who raise Lambs for sale? My stock of sheep were so much neglected during my absence, that I would gladly buy one, or two hundred ewe lambs, and allow a good price for them, in order to get it up again. A line from you, when convenient, in answer to ⟨this query,⟩ would be obliging—Mrs Washington ⟨& the⟩ rest of the family join me in every good wish to the Colo. his Lady & yourself. I am—Dr Sir Yr Most Obedt Servt

Go: Washington

P.S. Please to present me to Colo. & Mrs Plater when you see them.


Title: From George Washington to John Rumney, Jr., 15 May 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Rumney, John Jr.

Sir;
Mount Vernon May 15th 1786

I am indebted to you for your favor of the 5th of September, and to Messrs Robinson, Sanderson and Rumney for their letter of the 28th of Jany in the present year. The last was accompanied with 1400 Flags, which came with very little breakage; and for your care of, and attention to which, I beg you to accept my sincere thanks.
On the 18th of Novr I enclosed you a Bill on Wakelin Welch Esqr. of London for £50 Sterg; and will, before Mr Sanderson leaves the Country, settle with him for the Ballance.
It gives me pleasure to hear that we may soon expect to see you in this Country again. With great esteem & regard—I am—Sir Yr most Obedt & Obliged Hble Servt

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Clement Biddle, 18 May 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Biddle, Clement

Dear Sir
Mount Vernon May 18th 1786

Your favors of the 19th of Feby & 16th & 19th March, are before me; And would have been acknowledged Sooner, had any thing material, occurred.
The Clover Seed, Boots &c. came in Season; but I must take care to be earlier in my application another year, as the Expence of getting heavy articles from Baltimore by land, comes high; I was charged forty odd Shillings for the Transportation of those Seeds, by the Stage, from that Place. I am nevertheless much obliged to you for forwarding of them in that manner; as the delay would have rendered the Seeds useless for Spring Sowing, & altogether defective, perhaps, by the Fall. I am obliged to your Good Father for the Trouble he was at in choosing them, they are very good, & pray you, to Offer my Complts & Thanks, to him therefor, & to Capt. Morris, for his kind present of a

hunting horn, as I was unable to get One in Virginia, or at Baltimore.
If you Should not have purchased Young’s Tour Through Great Britain, before this Reaches you, be pleased to decline doing it, as I have just received a very Polite letter from that Gentleman, informing me of his having dispatched a Compleat Sett of his Works for my acceptance.
The Person in whose Name the inclosed certificate has Issued, is owing me a considerable Sum, (indeed half the Flour, & Meal, for which the Certificate was granted belonged to me) & having requested that it may be Sold for what it will fetch, & his part of the Money applied to my Credit, I pray you to do it accordingly; but at the Same time, I must desire, as a Halfe the Property is my own, that if it Shall appear to you, to be for my Interest, that it Should be bought in again on my Accot, that you would do so. In either case, place the Amot to my Credit in your Books, Subject to a future disposition.
I must be owing Messrs Robt Lewis & Sons (of Phila.) some Trifle on Accot of a Miller which they procured for me, last Year, but have never yet been able to get their Accot. Be so good as to know what the Amot is, & Pay it, the Inclosed Informs them thereof.
I have Such a number of Gazettes crouded upon me, (many without orders) that they are not only Expensive, but realy useless; as my other avocations, will not afford me time to Read them oftentimes; & when I do attempt it, find them more troublesome, than Profitable. I have therefore to beg if you should get money into your hands, on Accot of the Inclosed Certificate, that you would be so good as to pay what I am owing to Messrs Dunlap & Claypoole;—Mr Oswald—& Mr Humphreys.
If they consider me, however, as engaged for the Year, I am content to let the matter run on, to the expiration of it; but as my Expences run high, it would be imprudent in me to encrease them unnecessarily.
I am in want of Glass (for a Particular purpose) & beg you would Send it to me, by the first opportunity, agreeably to the Inclosed Pattern, & Quantities.
Is Linnen to be had cheap, at the Vendues in Philadelphia, for ready Money? And at what price, could the best dutch, or Strip’d Blanketts, be bought by the piece, of 15 or 16 in each,

which I think is the usual number? I may want 200 of them. My Compliments in which Mrs Washington Joins, are Offred to Mrs Biddle, & I am. Dear Sir Your Mo. Obedt Hble Servt

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to John Jay, 18 May 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Jay, John

Dear Sir,
Mount Vernon 18th May 1786.

In due course of Post, I have been honoured with your favours of the 2d & 16th of March; since which I have been a good deal engaged, and pretty much from home.
For the inclosure which accompanied the first, I thank you. Mr Littlepage seems to have forgot what had been his situation—What was due to you—and indeed what was necessary for his own character. And his Guardian I think, seems to have forgot every thing.
I coincide perfectly in sentiment with you, my dear Sir, that there are errors in our National Government which call for correction; loudly I will add; but I shall find my self happily mistaken if the remedies are at hand. We are certainly in a delicate situation, but my fear is that the people are not yet sufficiently

misled to retract from error! To be plainer, I think there is more wickedness than ignorance, mixed with our councils. Under this impression, I scarcely know what opinion to entertain of a general Convention. That it is necessary to revise, and amend the articles of Confederation, I entertain no doubt; but what may be the consequences of such an attempt is doubtful. Yet, something must be done, or the fabrick must fall. It certainly is tottering! Ignorance & design, are difficult to combat. Out of these proceed illiberality, improper jealousies, and a train of evils which oftentimes, in republican governments, must be sorely felt before they can be removed. The former, that is ignorance, being a fit soil for the latter to work in, tools are employed which a generous mind would disdain to use; and which nothing but time, and their own puerile or wicked productions, can show the inefficacy and dangerous tendency of. I think often of our situation, and view it with concern. From the high ground on which we stood—from the plain path which invited our footsteps, to be so fallen!—so lost! is really mortifying. But virtue, I fear, has, in a great degree, taken its departure from our Land, and the want of disposition to do justice is the sourse of the national embarrassments; for under whatever guise or colourings are given to them, this, I apprehend, is the origin of the evils we now feel, & probably shall labour for sometime yet. With respectful Complimts to Mrs Jay—and sentiments of sincere friendship—I am—Dear Sir Yr most Obedt Hble Servt

Go: Washington

P.S. Will you do me the favor to forward the enclosed, with any dispatches of your own, for England?


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Steel, 18 May 1786
From: Steel, Alexander
To: Washington, George

Sir
Baltimore May 18, 1786

With the most perfect respect your Excellency will pardon the Liberty in sending the inclosed praying your Breaking (the seal) on my arrivall from Dublin, I was informed Doctor Sheal of Philidelphia removed to Canetuck, and died there; since the Peace—as his Family may reap some Benafit at Least £60 a year on only writing to settle A Balance for your Excellencys advice I now refer with regard to my answer for Europe; being Obliged by promise to write By the First vessell that sails for Ireland from here, (which is next week) there is another Motive induces me Troubling your Excellency annexed to it Willm Osbrey Esqre Major of the Duke of Liensters regiment of Volunteers informs him my unhappy sittuation on my return to Europe—at the Begining of our Contest with Britton, I was appointed a second

Lieutenant in Coll Spencers Regiment, Captn Weatherbys Company; Mr Brown who I gave him his warrant for first Lieut. on his raising so many men in Cumberland County West Jersey’s and not Fulfilling his Promise, I was Displeased that he shou’d rank over me when I had given the appointment out of my own Hands. Promotion was not then my view what I had pledged my Honour for was then at stake and all my wish, under these circumstances untill after the Battle of Brandewine—a few days after we left Chester I informed Coll Spencer that I cou’d not think of Browns haveing the Command Over me, that raised Captn Weatherbys Company, but if the Captain had enlisted & Brown onely 3 out of (52) my Gold, not Paper, done the rest in Salem & Cumberland Counties—in this sittuation as second Lieutt I remained untill your Excellency crossed Dobbs Ferry, I was then determined on leaving the Regiment, Coll Spencer requested I woud not. I remained purely to Convince him my attatchment to the cause, Coll Charles Stewart Finding I was determined on Leaving the Line a Gentn I shall ever Hold in the most perfect respect, requested I woud goe and take Charge of the Magazine at Trenton where I remained about 11 Months, when I received Colol Stewarts Letter that I must deliver up the Stores to Mr Stephen Lowry and goe Immediately to East Town, to Superintend General Sullivans Army on the Western Expedition (It was Obeyd) to Genl Philemon Dickinson for my Conduct while there, to Coll Spencer while in the Line, General Hand and Coll Stewart I refer the whole of my conduct on the Expedition, on my return Rheumatick pains Obliged me to goe to Cape May, for the Benefitt of my Health, and while there Colol Robt Taylor sent me word of some Gunn boats being at Clam Town, in consequence I sent him word I shou’d meet at Weaden River Bridge and there Consult the best mode of Surprizing them at Break of Day—but was to often the Case they receivd but one Fire when his Militia run and I being wounded made Prisoner was sent on board Captn Roaches Gun Boat, and Plundered of my Hatt, watch, coat, knee Buckles, and even the Broach out of my Shirt & then Handcuffed, in this sittuation I remained during their cruise of Seven weeks, during which time I was unhappy to see Captn Glisson Killed and a number of Genl Smallwoods men that had been sent out in the whale Boats for some private expedition cut almost to attems on their Boarding

at the Tangier Islands. Their Cruise being out I was Brought to York, tho was happy in getting Captn Roach who was Commidore of the Five Gunn boats Paroling all that Had been taken during the whole of his Cruise, but repeatedly told me it was out His power to parole me that he wished he had Got Taylor along with me, untill he brought him to york) on my arrivall their I was Brought to Admaral Digbeys Qrs where Captn Roach and Him Had some private discourse, He sent for me, and what will amaze your Excellency the Onely question he asked me was what Country man are you Sir, (I informed him) His reply was it is you and your Countrimen that are Carrying on the Warr against your Royal Sovereign, for the Present you must Goe to the Suger House, but Had not been there above 20 Minutes untill a Guard was sent to bring me to Provo (I remained only 17 Days their untill I was ordered on board the Rhinocerous Guard Ship that lay at Governors Island for telling Cunningham that if his Deputy ever attempted striking any of our Men they shou’d serve me as they had done my acquaintance and very particular Friend Captn Joss Haady that they Had taken at the Block House, Toms River; My answer was you deserve the same; in this sittuation from the 17th April 82 I remained untill the Genl Exchange, and being informed of My Fathers death I returned to Europe where I found ⟨1s.⟩ on account of my being in the American Service, I sensure him not, he died in (1778) in Europe it was then Thought, that Genl Howe & Burgoine woud sweep our Army before them, and our Confiscating the Property of Loyalists and Toryes alone induced him alterining his Will; Dubious we shou’d be Conquered, and in the Body of His will says to my Eldest son Alexander Steel I leave One Shilling for his being an Officer in the Rebell Army; I therefore most respectfully hope your Excellency: will pardon my presuming to request relative to my Conduct if an application to Congress wou’d serve me; Young I came into this Country with Letters of recommendation from Messrs Latouche; Gladowe & Compy Bankers in Dublin, the latter for whome I done Business for all most Two years, Brought with me £500 it went the war comeing on so soon—must I lose a Property at home and have no recompence here, it is sufficient to Break the Heart of any man of Feeling, my all gone in Europe and nothing left Here.

   Your Excellency the Patron of Man as Sir Henry Flood Titles you; alone I refer most Humbly requesting your Answer if I shall apply to Congress for any Kind of redress, Mr Hugh’s Jeweller in Baltimore, Mr Smith Jeweller in Philidelphia, who both left Europe since, Peace can fully testify the Circumstances of my Father Mr William Steel Jeweller Dublin. Your Excellency will Permit me to be your Most Devoted & Obedt Servt

Alexr Steel

P.S. shou’d I be Honoured with an answer. I lodge at Mr Grants.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Marshall, 19 May 1786
From: Marshall, Thomas
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir.
Fayette County 19th of May 1786

I have made inquiry concerning your entry which Mr Hite mentioned to you & can find nothing of it—I believe he must have been misstaken—I have seen him and ask’d him concerning it, but he can tell me nothing more about it than that he thought he had seen such a one.
Your warrant I have put into the hands of Mr John Obannon, formerly a Neighbor of mine, and now one of the Military Surveyors. He has promised to do his best for you & I think he may

be depended on. I have made no particular bargain with him otherwise than assuring him that he shall be generously satisfyed for his trouble.
I will this fall attend to the commission you honord me with respecting the Marquis La Fayette. & send on such of the articles as I can procure. I have the honor to be with the most respectful esteem Dear Sir your most obedient servant

T. Marshall


Title: To George Washington from Robert Sanderson, 19 May 1786
From: Sanderson, Robert
To: Washington, George

Sir
Alexa[ndria] 19th May 1786

Inclosed I forward your Acct Current as it now stands. My Partners did not mean to make any Charge of Freight &c, which I much approve. Your Letter to Sir Edwd Newenham shall be carefully forwarded. Wishing you and your Lady a Long Continuance of Good Health I am Sir Your much Oblig’d & Very Hble Servt

Robt Sanderson


Title: From George Washington to Henry L. Charton, 20 May 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Charton, Henry L.

Sir
Mount Vernon 20th May 1786

The letter which you did me the favor to write to me from Philadelphia, on the 5th instt, came safely to hand; and would have received an early acknowledgmt had not frequent calls from home, and unavoidable business prevented it.
I do not perceive, upon recurring to the subject, that I can be more explicit in the description of my Lands on the big Kanhawa, and on the Ohio, between the two Kanhawas, than I was when I had the pleasure of seeing you at this place.
If I recollect rightly, I then informed you, that from the Accts given me of them by the Surveyor—from what I had seen of them myself (especially the tract on the big Kanhawa)—from every other sourse of information—and from my best knowledge & belief, there can be no finer land in that, or any other Country; or lands more abounding in natural advantages. The whole of them are washed by the rivers I have mentioned—are furnished with land streams fit for water works of various kinds—stored with meadow ground, which may be reclaimed in the cheapest, & most expeditious manner imaginable (by only cutting away trifling banks of earth, which have been formed by the Beaver)—and abound in fish & wild fowl of all kinds; as well as in every other sort of game, with wch the Country is filled. With respect to the quality of the soil, it may be conceived, that none can exceed it from this single circumstance, that it was the first choice of the whole Country thereabouts, after a thorough research of it, by an excellent judge—the late Colo. Crawford. As to the situation of them, none can be more advantageous; for lying about midway between the upper & lower settlements on the Ohio, the trade must pass by the Land, whilst the Occupants of it, equally convenient to both, might embrace the inland navigation of either the Potomack or James River as soon as they are made to communicate with the Western Waters; which no doubt will soon be effected, as both works have commenced. I think too, I should not be mistaken, were I to add, that ere long, a town of some importance will be established in the vicinity of these Lands—to wit—at the confluence of the big Kanhawa and Ohio; which is the point at which the trade to Richmond, & that which is carried to the Northern parts of this State, & to Maryland

& Pensylvania, must seperate. But to go into a more minute detail in writing, of what has before been the subject of personal conversation, would be more tiresome than interesting; especially as it is by no means my wish that any purchaser whatsoever, should rely upon my acct of this matter, or on those of any others; but judge for himself, or themselves, in all matters.
When you asked me if I was disposed to sell these lands, I answered, and truly, that I had never had it in contemplation; because I well knew they would rise more in value than the purchase money would accumulate by interest, consequently—under these circumstances, it would be difficult, in the present moment, to fix on a price (that would be acceded to) that would be an equivalent for them hereafter. However, as I had no family—wished to live easy—and to spend the remainder of my days with as little trouble as possible, I said, I would part with them if a good price could be obtained. And this price being asked, I further observed, that my ideas of their value might easily be ascertained from the terms on which I had proposed to rent them (which I think you told me you had seen) one of which amounting in fact to an absolute sale, being on a lease for 999 years renewable, was, at Ten pounds this Currency (dollars at 6/) pr hundred acres, came to Forty shillings an acre allowing 5 pr Ct interest for the purchase. but I added, if any one person, or sett of Men, would take the whole, I would abate considerably in the price, & make the payments easy.
I therefore now inform you, that the lands (the Plats, & Patents of which I shewed you, & the titles to which are incontrovertable, free from those clashing interests and jarring disputes with which much of the property in that Country is replete) are in quantities, and situation, as follow:

                  1st
                  2314
                  Acres on the Ohio River; 3 or 4 Miles below the mouth of the
                     little Kanhawa.

                  2d
                  2448
                  Acres on the said River, about 16 Miles below the former.

                  3d
                  4395
                  Acres on the same river just above the great bend in it, and
                     below the other two.

                  4th
                  10,990
                  Acres on the big Kanhawa, (West side) beginning within 2 or 3
                     Miles of its conflux with the Ohio, & extending up the former 17
                  Miles.

                  5th
                  7276
                  Acres a little above this, on the East side of the same river
                     Kanhawa.

                  6th
                  2000
                  Acres higher up the Kanhawa, West side, in the fork between Cole
                     river and it.

                  7th
                  2950
                  Acres opposite thereto on the East side.

                  In all.
                  32373
                  Acres on both Rivers.

For these lands I would take Thirty thousand English Guineas (of the proper weight) or other specie current in this Country at an equivalent value. Two thousand five hundred of which to be paid at the execution of the Deeds, and the remainder in seven years therefrom, with an interest of five pr Ct pr Annum regularly paid at my Seat, till the principal sum shall be discharged.
I am not inclined to part with any of these Lands as an inducement to settle the rest. My mind is so much satisfied of the superior value of them, to most others, that there remns no doubt on it, of my obtaining my own terms when the Country populates, & the situation & local advantages of them unfold. These terms have already been promulgated, but I have not a copy of them by me, or I would send it to you. They were inserted in Dunlaps & Claypools Gazette about two years ago—at whose office it is propable a copy (if desired) might be had. One of the considerations was, if my memory serves me, an exemption from the payment of rent three years—whilst the tenements were opening, and improvements making. This I am still inclined to allow. The rents were different, according to the term for which the leases were to be granted. If for twenty one years only, they were to commence, and end, at five pounds pr hundred Acres; for in that case the stipulated improvements being made I know that almost any rent might be had for the tenements thereafter—If on leases renewable every ten years forever, the rents were, in that case, to advance in a certain ratio to keep pace with the increasing value of the Land. And if given in the first instance for 999 years, as has been mentioned before, then the rent was to commence at Ten pounds pr hundred acres, which being in fact an alienation of the Fee, shewed my ideas of its present value, & the purchase money, as already mentioned. These as far as I can recite from memory, were the terms on which I offered to rent; and from which I feel no disposition to relax, unless, as in the case of a purchase, some one

or more persons, would take the whole of[f] my hands at once, & become responsible for the rent—in which case the same motives might induce me to abate accordingly—as in the other instance.
I should have great pleasure in giving you such letters as you have asked to the Marquis de la Fayette and Chevalier de la Luzerne, but conceive they could only have an embarrassing operation—It is certainly as consistent with the policy of one Country to discourage depopulation, as it is for another to encourage emigrants. Considering the matter in this point of view I cannot suppose however well disposed either of the above Gentlemen may be to promote the interest of this Country, that they would do it at the expence of, and perhaps hazard of censure from their own. One of these Gentlemen too, being in the diplomatic, or Ministerial line, would, undoubtedly, be very cautious in expressing a sentiment favourable to a business of this kind. My best wishes however will accompany you in it, through all the stages; and with esteem—I am—Sir Yr Most Obedt Hble Ser⟨vt⟩

Go: Washington

P.S. I should be glad to hear whether this letter got to Philadelphia in time.


Title: From George Washington to John Marsden Pintard, 20 May 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Pintard, John Marsden

Sir,
Mount Vernon 20th May 1786.

Your favors of the 24th of January & 5th of Feby are at hand; but I have heard nothing of the Vine slips mentioned therein, nor do I know where to direct my enquiries for them, as you do not mention the Port or State to which the Industry, Captn Gibson was bound For your good intentions however, I am as much indebted, as if the slips had actually been delivered to me.
It is to be hoped & much to be wished that the negotiations of Messrs Barclay & Lamb, at the Court of Morocco, & with the State of Algiers, may terminate favourably for America. Should they not, our trade will be exceedingly incommoded by the piratical states of the Mediterranean.
At present, thro’ the early attention of Messrs Jno. Searle & Co., & some others, (formerly my Correspondents in Madeira) together with the purchases I have occasionally made in this Country since the re-establishment of peace, I am more than usually well stocked with Madeira Wine. I am Sir &c.

G: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Ridout, 20 May 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Ridout, Thomas

Sir,
Mount Vernon 20th May 1786.

Since my last dated the 20th of August, I have been favored with your letters of the 31st of Augt, 7th of Septr & 4th of Novembr in the past year.
The packages by the Peggy, Capt. Cuningham are safely arrived. I am sorry they should have given you any trouble, & am much obliged by your care of them.
I have paid Colo. Fitzgerald the full amount of the Wine & other articles wch were sent to me by Captn Smith; & am sorry to add that the quality of the Claret on proof, did not answer my expectation, & was far short of some other of the same cargo, wch I had drank at other places. I ascribe this however to chance; it may be my luck next time to get better, & therefore when your Vessel comes to this river again, I request that a gross of the best may be sent to me.
Excuse the liberty I take of addressing a packet containing papers of consequence, to your care for the Marqs de la Fayette, & a barrel; to both of wch I ask your particular attention. I am Sir &c.

G: Washington


Title: To George Washington from David Humphreys, 23 May 1786
From: Humphreys, David
To: Washington, George

New York May 23d 1786.

My last letter to you, My dear General, was dated in Febry at London and forwarded by Captain Clagget late of the Maryland line, in that I had the honor of informing you of my intention to return to America in the Spring, in this I have the pleasure to announce my safe arrival from L’Orient after a pleasant passage of 32 days—I am charged with Compliments & messages

for your Excellency on the part of many of our friends in France; but have no news of considerable consequence to communicate.
I propose setting out in three or four days on a visit to Connecticut & perhaps as Boston, this will occupy me for some weeks, after which I hope to have the pleasure of embracing you at Mount Vernon, and of remaining with you at least until the winter. I need not say how much felicity I anticipate on the occasion: nor how many thousands there are who would be envious of my situation. Nor am I little flattered with it. For although I have met with many flattering circumstances in my absence, yet certainly no gratification arising from them could come in competition with the consciousness of possessing no inconsiderable share in your friendship. My horses having been disposed of in my absence, I shall come either in the stages or by water, and will not hesitate to trespass on your goodness, by asking the favor of one of your horses when I may want to take the air on horseback.
I beg my best respects may be given to Mrs Washington, my Compliments to the rest of your friends, & that you will ever consider in the number of those who are most sincerely attached to you, him who has the honor to be My dear General Your most obedient & Most humble Servant

D. Humphreys


Title: To George Washington from Josiah Parker, 23 May 1786
From: Parker, Josiah
To: Washington, George

Dear sir
May 23rd 1786

Captn Nicholson has left with me a pair of Gold Fish which would have been sent to you before but feared to remove them dureing the Winter. I have now sent them to Genl Weedons care; to whom I Sent a box from New York last winter for you, with great respect sir your most obedient Servt

J: Parker


Title: To George Washington from Lafayette, 24 May 1786
From: Lafayette, Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de
To: Washington, George

My dear General,
Paris 24 May 1786.

While I Have to lament the distance which separates us, it is an additional, and an Heartfelt Mortification for me, to Hear so seldom from My Beloved and Respected friend—and Among the Many Reasons I Have to wish for a Greater intercourse Between my two Countries, I don’t forget the Hope that More frequent Opportunities will increase the Number of your wellcome letters—this is Going By the packet, and will be either forwarded or delivered By M. duplessis, a Brigadier in the french service and Count d’estaing’s intimate friend who intends settling in the State of Georgia—in case it is His good fortune to Come to Mount Vernon, I Beg leave to present Him to You and Mrs Washington—I Have Recommended Him to general greene and I think that so far as Respects the Contract with the french Navy they may Be Useful to each other.
By a letter I Have just Received from Prince Henry, I find the Health of His Brother is declining Very fast—the New King of prussia will then Receive some proposals from the Emperor Respecting Baviera which will Be Rejected—The empress of Russia is More Anxious for the Attak of the ottoman Empire than Her imperial friend—they are to Meet, it is said, By the Next Spring in Krimée—the patriotic party prevails in Holland—But are not so United together as were to Be wished—I Have no

Great opinion of the pretended Commercial treaty Between france and Great Britain—this last Country is More Rancourous than ever towards America—they are far from adopting proper Regulations of Commerce, and still Less think of Giving Up the forts—there are only two ways to obtain them—Sword in Hand with a wiew to extend farther and then Ready I am. The other to shut up every port Against English Commerce until they Have Complied with the treaty—I don’t think America Has much to fear in a War with england—and in Case she waits for a General one to see Her Claims forward she will not Have that opportunity probably for some years.
In my last letter I Have spoken to You of a Committee in which I am a Member, and of Course an Advocate for American Commerce—the Next packet will, I Hope, furnish you with some popular Resolutions—Great deal of time Has Been employed in examining the affair of tobacco—I did vigourously attak the farm Generale, and warmly expostulated for its destruction—But they can’t be cut down, and must fall By the slower Method of Mines—in the Mean While mr Moriss’s Bargain Has engrossed the Whole Consumption of france at such a price that no American Merchant Can find the like Any where—the ministry to palliate the evil Have obliged the farmers general to purchace Annually from twelve to fifteen thousand Hogs Heads of American tobacco, Besides mr Moriss’s envoices, on the same Conditions which He Has obtained—By those Means Moriss’s Contract will not Be Broken, But the Monopoly is in a Measure avoided, and it Has Been Resolved not to make any more Bargain of that kind.
in a few days, my dear General, I will go to the New Harbour of Cherbourg and from thence, with the Minister of the Navy, to Brest and Rochefort—I will also visit My Country seat in Auvergne—perhaps make a tour through Holland—and Certainly spend the Month of September in Alsace with the french troops there are Under the inspection of My father in law the duke d’ayen—I will also examine the grounds of the last Campaign of Marechal de turenne.
The Queen is pregnant and will be laying in About the Month of july—Count de charlus, now Called duke de Castries, is Commander in second of the Gendarmerie which is Commanded by His father.

Adieu, my dearest and Most Respected general, present my Respects and those of mde delafayette and family to mrs Washington and accept of them Yourself with that warm and paternal friendship with which I Have the Happiness to be Honoured By You—Remember me to Your Respected Mother, to all your Relations and our friends, and think often of your adoptive son who Has the Honour to be Most Respectfully and affectionately Your devoted friend

Lafayette

My Best Compliments to George.


Title: From George Washington to William Moultrie, 25 May 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Moultrie, William

Dr Sir,
Mount Vernon 25th May 1786.

The Letter which your Excellency did me the honor to write to me, of the 7th ulto came safely to hand; & I should feel very happy if I could render the Company (who are engaged in the laudable & important design of opening a Cut between the rivers Cowper & Santee) any services.
Mr Brindley, nephew to the celebrated person of that name who conducted the work of the Duke of Bridgewater & planned many others in England, possesses, I presume, more practical knowledge of Cuts & Locks for the improvement of inland navigation, than any man among us, as he was an executive officer (he says) many years under his uncle in this particular business: but he is, I know, engaged with the Susquehanna company, who are I believe (for I saw Mr Brindley about six weeks ago) in a critical part of their work. I have notwithstanding, written to a gentleman of my acquaintance who is not only a member of that Company, but one to whom the business is chiefly confided, & near the spot, to know if Mr Brindley’s services can be dispensed with long enough to answer the purposes mentioned in your letter: his answer shall be forwarded as soon as it comes to my hands.

It gives me pleasure to find a spirit for inland navigation prevailing so generally. No country is more capable of improvements in this way than our own—none which will be more benefited by them; & to begin well, as you justly observe, is all in all: error in the commencement will not only be productive of unnecessary expence, but, what is still worse, of discouragements. It appears to me therefore, that if the cost of bringing from Europe a professional man of tried & acknowledged abilities, is too heavy for one work; it might be good policy for several Companies to unite in it; contributing in proportion to the estimates & capital sums established by the several Acts. I see no necessity for confining the services of such a person to a single undertaking—one man may plan for twenty to execute; and the distance from Delaware (between which & Chesapeak a cut is in contemplation & Commissioners appointed by the two States to agree on a plan) to the Cowper river is not so great but that one person of activity might design for all between them, & visit the whole three or four times a year.
This is only a thought of my own—I have no authority for suggesting it; but for my private satisfaction had written both to England & France, to know on what terms a person of competent skill could be obtained—& have received the following answer from my friend the Marqs de la Fayette; “There is no doubt but what a good Engineer may be found in this country to conduct the work. France in this point exceeds England; & will have I think every advantage but that of the language, which is something, altho’ it may be supplied by an Interpreter. An application from Mr Jefferson & myself to the Ministry, and more particularly an intimation that you set a value on that measure, will ensure to us the choice of a good Engineer. They are different from the military ones, and are called Ingènieurs des ponts & chaussées—I think five hundred guineas a year while the business lasts, & an assurance not to loose his rank in France will be sufficient to provide you with the gentleman you want.”
I have also received an acknowledgmt of the letter I had written to England; but the gentleman there goes no further than to assure me he will make every necessary enquiry, & has no doubt but that a person may be obtained. He says nothing however respecting the terms on which he could be had. Mrs Washington joins me in compliments & every good wish for Mrs

Moultree & yourself. With great esteem & respect I am Dr Sir, &c.

G: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Alexander Steel, 25 May 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Steel, Alexander

Sir,
Mount Vernon 25th May 1786.

As I have no information of Doctr Shiell’s death, nor any connexion with his family or affairs; I return the letter which you sent me for him (and which came to hand last night only) unopened. The Doctr married a lady of Newtown in Pennsylvania—a Miss Harris, and had connexions, I believe, in trade with some gentn in the City of Philada, but with whom they were formed, I am unable to inform you.
Altho’ I have no doubt but that the Account, rendered by you of your services & sufferings, is literally true; yet as they did not happen to fall within my own knowledge, there would be an impropriety in my certifying them. Indeed it has always been a maxim with me, to grant Certificates to no Officers in a subordinate character, who did not apply thro’ the Colonel & genl officer under whom they had served; or from the head of the department in which they had acted if in the staff; the presumption being, tho’ the fact in some instances might be otherwise, that I could only be acquainted with their characters & conduct thro’ one or the other of these channels.
Congress have not, I believe, made provision for losses of property sustained in the course of the War, instances of which are without number; but for invalids & those who have been disabled they have, I believe, where the regular modes pointed out by their resolves, have been pursued, made allowances—but what, or how to come at them, I am unable to inform you, as this business never went thro’ my hands. I am Sir, &c.

G: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Newton, Jr., 26 May 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Newton, Thomas Jr.

Dr Sir,
Mount Vernon 26 May 1786.

Inclosed you have Peter Kerwins receipt for fifty barrels of super fine flour, which I beg you to sell to the best advantage,

and remit what may be due to me, after deducting what I am owing to you.
Twenty four of these fifty barrels are inspected; the others, tho’ of equal quality, are not. The reason is, the bearer calling unexpectedly, & being in a hurry, would not allow time to get the Inspectors from Alexandria; I was obliged therefore to send them without, or miss the conveyance—the former I preferred, as I have been some time on the enquiry for a Vessel. The quality of the uninspected, my miller assures me, is at least equal to the inspected, being quite fresh. With esteem & regard I am &c.

G: Washington


Title: To George Washington from James Tilghman, 26 May 1786
From: Tilghman, James
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Balt[imor]e May 26th 1786

In looking over poor Tench’s Papers I found a bundle containing principally the letters that passed between him and the N. York committee of correspondence in 1776 I have sealed them up and if you chuse to make them a part of your Collection they shall be sent you by some safe hand I am persuaded you Sir have had a share of the Sorrow his death occasioned pretty extensively—To myself the stroke was most severe For it is but justice to his memory to say that no man ever had a more dutiful and affectionate son—He made a great part of my happiness and his death has clouded my prospects exceedingly His Brother Thomas Ringgold Tilghman has taken his place in Mr Morris’s business here And dare say will be ready and happy to supply it as well as he can in executing your commands here—With my respectful compliments to Mrs Washington I am with great respect & regard Yr Most Obt hble sert

James Tilghman

A letter is just come to hand from an American friend of Tenchs in London, in which your name is mentioned and I take the

Liberty of inclosing you a Copy of the Paragraph If you think it worth your while to say any thing upon the Subject, I will transmit it to the Gentleman who writes the Letter with some degree of Anxiety. I know what pleasure poor Tench would have taken in setting the matter in it’s proper light.
“I have had it in contemplation to write you for sometime past on Subject in which I find my self more and more interested I have endeavored to Shake it off from my mind, because I am persuaded that Genl Washington is too great in himself to be concerned at any calumny and his character too fair and pure to need any defence of mine I have the honor to be introduc’d to a party of Sages of which my Uncle is one that meet regularly at a Coffee house where they discuss politicks or subjects to communicate useful knowledge They are all of extensive knowledge and very sensible one in particular (a Mr Mauduit) is said to have written two of the best Pamphlets that ever appeared in England, is visited and consulted by the greatest personages. Mr Pitt in particular is fond of him and his opinions This Sett often mention our great & good General and commonly in a proper manner But seem to give Credit to a charge exhibited against him by young Asgyl, of illiberal treatment & cruelty towards himself. He alledges that a Gibbet was erected before his prison Window and often pointed in an insulting manner as good, and proper for him to atone for Huddy’s death And many other insults all of whch he believes were countenanced by General Washington who was well inclined to execute the Sentence on him but was restrained by the French General Rochambeau. I have contended that it was entirely owing to the humane procrastination of our General that Capt. Asgill did not suffer the fate allotted him And that it was most happy to Genl W——’s good disposition that the French Court interposed so as to enable him to save Asgill and at the same time keep our Army in temper This affair is stated by Young Asgill and canvassed at the British Court as before related Now Sir not for General Washington’s Sake who, as I observed before, is above it but for mine who take Pride in him as I believe every honest American Must, I request the favour that you would inform me fully on this Subject that I may be enabled to parry the only bad thrust made at our Salvator in my presence.”


Title: To George Washington from William Grayson, 27 May 1786
From: Grayson, William
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
New York May 27th 1786.

I should have done myself the honor of writing to you sooner, if any thing had occurred at this place worth communicating: There has been a great dearth of foreign news, & till within a short time the representation has been so thin as to render it impracticable for Congress to undertake any matter of importance, although there are many which require their serious attention: Of late there has been a tolerably full representation but the time of Congress has been chiefly taken up with an investigation of the Connecticut cession of Western territory.
That State some time ago offered to cede all her claim to Western territory within the following limits Beg[innin]g 120 Miles Westwd of the Pennsylvania line at the beginning of the 42nd degree, extendg N. as far as two minutes of the 43rd, West to the Mississippi, the meanders thereof the same breadth; East to the beginning, reserving out of this cession the 120 Ms. between the ceded lands & the Pennsylvany line, with the jurisdiction of the same: this cession was at first much opposed, but Congress have at length agreed to accept it whenever the delegates of that State shall be authorized to make a proper deed; The consequence of which is I apprehend a clear loss of about six millions of acres to the United States & which had been already ceded by Virginia & N. York: for the Assembly of Connecticut now sitting will unquestionably open a land office, & the foederal constitution has not given a Court in this instance: The advocat⟨es⟩ for this measure, urged, in favor of it’s adoption that the claim of a powerful State although unsupported by right, was under present circumstances a disagreeable thing; & that sacrifices ought to be made for the public tranquility as well as to acquire an undisputable title to the residue; that Connecticut would settle it immediately, with emigrants well disposed to the Union, who would form a barrier not only against the Brittish but the Indian tribes upon the Wabash & lake Michigan; That the thick settlement they would immediately form, would enhance the value of the adjacent country and facilitate emigrations thereto.
Some alterations have been made lately in the Land Ordnance; the surveyors are now allowed to survey by the magnetic Meridian, & are limited to the territory lying Southward of the

East & West line as described in the said ordnance; the navigable waters and the carrying places between them are made common highways & for ever free to the Atlantic States as well as any new States that may be created, witht any tax or impost thereon. An attempt was made to change the system altogether, but negatived; indeed the Eastern States & some others are so much attached to it, that I am satisfied no material alteration can ever be effected; the Geographer & surveyers have directions to proceed without delay to carry the Ordinance into execution, which I presume they will execute provided the Indians will permit them, of which however I have very great doubts.
Mr Adams has informed Congress by letters lately recieved, that he has made a demand of the Posts, and has been refused; the Marquis of Caermarthen has given as a reason for refusal that many of the States in the Union have violated the treaty with respect to the debts; that the King of Gr. B. will comply with his engagements when the States shall shew a disposition to perform their part of the contract respecting this matter; the States not included in the accusation are N. Hamshire, R. Island, Connecticut N. Jersey & Delawar. I beg leave to inform you confidentially that there does not appear at present the most distant prospect of forming a treaty either with Spain or G. Brittain; That the treaty with Portugal is in a proper train; that peace can be procured with Tripoli & Tunis on reasonable terms, i.e. for 33,000 Guineas each, & probably with Morocco & Algiers for double that sum respectively if money can be loaned in Holland for that purpose. The late treaty with Algiers cost Spain one million three hundred thousand dollars. I found in Philada the book respecting Corks, which I committed to the care of Mr Fitzhugh son of the Fitzhugh of Mermian, which I hope you have recd. My complimts to Mrs Washington & remain with the highest respect & esteem Yr Affect Hhble servt

William Grayson


Title: To George Washington from Colt MacGregor, 29 May 1786
From: MacGregor, Colt
To: Washington, George

Sir,
New York 29th May 1786

In absense of Mr Jamieson, who is at present in Halifax, I had the honor to receive your letter to him of 20th inst., and immediately enquired of Mr John Schaw’s Legatee, who is still here, concerning the Books & Papers of Messrs Balfour & Barraud. I find that some years before Mr Schaw’s death they were delivered up to Mr Walter Franklin of this place, who is also since dead; they came then into the hands of his brother Mr Samuel Franklin, who informs me, that he gave up the whole on 28th Novembr last to a Mr John Clapham, lately from England, in consequence of orders from Mr John Lloyd of London. Mr Clapham sett off immediately for Virginia taking the Books &ca with him, in order to effect some settlement of that Concern: I cannot find out what particular place he is now at, but presume you will be enabled to hear of him, thro’ the medium of some friend at Norfolk.
Mr Samuel Franklin says that, Mr Hanbury of London was actually concerned with Balfour & Barraud, but he does not know how far that Connexion went. It is very probable Mr Jamieson can give more certain information on that head; and, as his Business to the Northward may detain him sometime, I shall by the first Conveyance, forward your letter, which I doubt not will be duly Answered. In the meantime; I thought it proper to convey what information I could collect; particularly, as Mr Clapham’s stay in Virginia may be of short duration. I have the

honor to be With the greatest respect Sir, Your most obdt hble Servt

Colt MacGregor


Title: From George Washington to Joseph Brown, 30 May 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Brown, Joseph

Sir,
Mount Vernon 30th May 1786.

I have been favored with your letter of the 12th of September, & thank you for the prints which accompanied it, by the Ship Potomac which arrived safely. The frames of these pictures are quite equal to my wishes, & you will please to accept my best acknowledgments of it; & assurances that an apology for their being inferior to those sent to Congress, was altogether unnecessary.
It gives me concern to learn from yourself, that the late War has been so injurious to your income, and so destructive of your hopes. My best wishes will attend any plan you may adopt for the perfect restoration of both. Of the obliging expressions of your letter, as they respect myself, I have a grateful sense, & am, Sir &c.

G: Washington


Title: Articles of Agreement with James Bloxham, 31 May 1786
From: Washington, George,Bloxham, James
To:

[31 May 1786]

Articles of Agreement entered into this 31st day of May in the year 1786 between George Washington Esqr of the County of Fairfax and Commonwealth of Virginia of the one part, and James Bloxham lately from the Shire of Gloucester in the Kingdom of England Farmer of the other part. Witnesseth, That the said James Bloxham for and in consideration of the wages, allowances, and priviledges hereinafter mentioned, doth agree with, and oblige himself to serve, the said George Washington for the space of one year; to commence the first day of the present Month, in the capacity of a Farmer and Manager of such parts of Husbandry, as shall be committed to his charge; and will, to the utmost of his skill and abilities, order & direct the same (with the approbation of the said George Washington) to the best advantage. That he will, at all times, and upon all occasions, suggest such plans for the improvement of the said George Washingtons Farms, and the stocks of Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Hogs &ca which are on them as to him shall appear most conducive to his interest. Will keep regular Accts of the said Stock—and will strictly observe & follow all such orders and directions as he shall from time to time receive from his said employer; for this, and for other purposes. That when thereunto required, he will buy, at the expence of the said Washington, Cattle or Sheep for feeding, or for Store; and will dispose of the same, or any others, to the best advantage; attending particularly to the care & management of the Stock of every kind, both in Winter & Summer—as well those for the use and benefit of the Farms, and for family consumption, as those which may be fatted for Market. That he will use his utmost endeavours to encrease, and properly distribute, the Manure in the farms; and

also will improve to the best of his judgment, the implements of husbandry necessary thereto—and will instruct, as occasion may require, and opportunities offer, the labourers therein how to Plow, Sow; Mow, Reap; Thatch; Ditch; Hedge &ca in the best manner. And generally, that he will consider the said Washingtons interest as his own, and use his true endeavour to promote it accordingly. In consideration whereof the said George Washington doth agree to pay the said James Bloxham Fifty Guineas for his years Services, to be compleated on the first day of May 1787; and will allow him the said Bloxham, ten guineas besides, towards defraying the expences of bringing his wife and family to this Country. That when they shall have arrived, he will provide him, & them, a decent and comfortable House to reside in, by themselves; will lend them two Cows for Milk—a Sow to raise Pigs for their own eating (but not to sell)—and give them as much Bran as is sufficient to brew Beer for his familys use. And moreover, will allow them for the part of the year which will remain after the arrival of his family and leaving his present board, at the rate of Six hundred pounds of Porke or Beef, and Eight hundred pounds of middling flour, per annum, and likewise a piece of ground sufficient for a Garden, and firewood. The said George Washington also agrees to provide the said James Bloxham with a horse to ride on for the purpose of superintending the business herein required—or, if the said Bloxham shall find his own horse, to allow pasturage & reasonable feed for him. Lastly, it is agreed between the said George Washington & James Bloxham, that if the said James should not return to England at the expiration of the year for which he now engages, and his conduct shall be such as to merit the approbation of the said George Washington, that then, and in those cases, his wages for the next year shall be Sixty Guineas; and the other allowances and priviledges the same as those of the present year. In testimony of all, and each of these Articles, and for the full and perfect compliance therewith, the parties to these presents hath interchangeably set their hands and Seals, and to the other, doth bind himself in the Sum of One hundred pounds Currt money of Virginia, the day and year first written.

                  Signed sealed &ca
                  Go: Washington

                  in the presence of
                  James Bloxham

                  Geo: A. Washington


Title: From George Washington to Alexander Spotswood, May 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Spotswood, Alexander

[May 1786]

my lame horse; and for the lent of the one which Austin rid up. Mr Hunter (of Alexandria) is so obliging as to take him down, to you, and will bring mine up, if he is fit to move. if not, I will wait until you may write me, as I had rather send for him than have him travelled as quick as he must do to accompany the Stage.
Mrs Washington and the family here join me in every good wish for yourself, Mrs Spotswood and the rest of the family. With great estm & regard I am—Dr Sir Yr Most obedt & Affece Se⟨rvt⟩

Go: Washington

P.S. I pray your excuse for detaining your horse so long. to be honest, till I gave your letter a second reading, this day, I thought it was your request to have him sent down when mine came up—Why I should think so as there was no reason for it, and the letter contains no such request, is a little unaccountable—but this is the fact. Yrs &ca G. W——n


Title: To George Washington from Richard Sprigg, 1 June 1786
From: Sprigg, Richard
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Strawberry Hill [Md.] June 1st 1786

In consequence of a polite Message I received from You through Col. Tilghman to send any She Asses to Your Jack—I requested Col. Mercer to send two that were at Marlbro—Now send a third to the care of Doctr Bowie at Piscataway from whence You will please send for it.
I shall be particularly obliged if You will except of the first produce from Her—then have Her covered again by the Jack for Me.
By this opportunity You will receive a young bitch Spaniel—it is the second I attempted to send You from the English Bitch You may remember to have seen at my House in Annapolis. The first dyed on the Road.
Mr. Geo Diggs will send You some grass Seed from me.
My Family desire their most respectfull Compts to You & Your Lady to whom You will please add those of Yr Most Obt Hume Sert

Richd Sprigg


Title: From George Washington to Mary Bristow, 2 June 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Bristow, Mary Harding

Madam,
Mount Vernon 2nd June 1786.

Though small were the Services I rendered you, consequent of your first application to me; yet it behoves me to add, in answer to your favor of the 15th of December last, that it was all I then had, or now have it in my power to offer. For having no share in the Legislative or Executive concerns of the Country, I could do no more than to bring your Petition before the former. This I did by a letter to the Governour inclosing it. What the ultimate determination of the Assembly was, respecting this matter, I am unable with precision, to inform you. Generally, I was given to understand, that however hard the case might appear to be, it was to be ascribed to the nature of the contest in which we had been oppressively involved, and tho’ to be lamented as a Misfortune, was not to be attributed as a fault in the Justice of this Country, since it was difficult, if not impracticable to draw a line between the promoters, and actors, and innocent Victims, of the War, in a national point of view. How far the reasoning is good I shall not take upon me to decide; but with much truth may assure you that I can readily enter into your feelings on this occasion, & sincerely wish that those who were the contrivers and abetters were alone to be the Sufferers by the War. I have the Honor to be, Madam, your most Obdt & very Huml. Servt

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Battaile Muse, 4 June 1786
From: Muse, Battaile
To: Washington, George

Honorable Sir.
Berkeley C[ount]y—June 4th 1786

Your Favour dated the 6th may Came To hand this morning with Colo. Fairfaxes enclosed.
I did Every thing in my Power to get my wheat down as Quick as Possable and I am sorry that you Loose by the Contract I beleave Every Farmer and Planter In this Country will be disapointed in their Expectations As Produce Sells so Very Lo we in this Country Where Waggonage is so High see the Effects of Such Lo prices as is now going[.] I have now in hand 1000 bushels wheat & 250 barrels Flour. I shall be oblige To you To dispose of the Flour made from the 50 bushels wheat in your mill when you Sell yours and place the amount of the Sale to my acct the brand ⟨Lee⟩ if you do Not Chuos To make use of it—I shall be Very thankfull if your miller would sell it for me this wheat is the Property of Doctr Seldens I shall be much oblige to you To say what you think I can give for it at your mill as some acct must be returnd of it and I mean To allow the Docr a Just price for it so as for me not To be Too great a Looser—my accts with Him will be Closed for the Last years Transactions the first of July next therefore I shall be thankfull to give me your oppinion what the price should be.
I have not Collected as much money as to sattisfy my acct. as soon as the Weather and roads gets better I expect To receive again Something and what Ever I receive I shall Draw for in your Favour in Alexandria If I can get my Tobacco down I expect To be at Mount Vernon the Last of July Should any thing prevent me going down you shall hear From me by the Last of July & If necessary before. in order To spurr up the Fauquier Tenants I have Obtained Judgments on sundrie Replevey Bonds Last Fauquier Court and have Told them I shall order Executions out in July but as they are Poor and money Scarce I Shall not order Executions unless I Find ⟨they⟩ are about To remove out the County untill ⟨mutilated⟩ Spring only against Rector & Keyes if they do not Pay up well I shall order Executions in July or august next agt those Two for good reasons. it may not be a miss To observe that Some of the Replevey Bonds were Taken for more than is Justly due I have Promised the People

that I will settle with them Justly. I am Sir with great regard your Most Obedient Humble Servant

Battaile Muse


Title: From George Washington to John Rumney, Jr., 5 June 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Rumney, John Jr.

Sir;
Mount Vernon 5th June 1786.

Since my last of the 15th of May to Messrs Robertson Sanderson & Rumney, I have been favoured with your letter of the 16th of April by Captn Aitkinson—The cost of the Flags is finally settled, with other articles had from your store in Alexandria—and I again thank you for the trouble you have had in this business—more so—as neither Commission nor freight are charged, nor would be received—although I am very willing, and offered to pay both to Mr Sanderson.
The Flags came very reasonably and will answer my purposes very well though the workman did not keep to the sample in two or three respects—particularly on the thickness, and dressing of the Stones—some not being more than ¾ of an inch thick (scarcely that on one side) and none with the same polish of the pattern—enough however may be picked out of the whole to floor my Gallery which is all I wanted. With great esteem & regard—I am Dr Sir Yr Obedt Ser.

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to James Tilghman, 5 June 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Tilghman, James

Dear Sir,
Mount Vernon 5th June 1786.

I have just had the pleasure to receive your favor of the 26th ulto. Of all the numerous acquaintances of your lately deceased son, & amidst all the sorrowings that are mingled on that melancholy occasion, I may venture to assert that (excepting those of his nearest relatives) none could have felt his death with more regret than I did—No one entertained a higher opinion of his worth, or had imbibed sentiments of greater friendship for him than I had done. That you, Sir, should have felt the keenest anguish for this loss, I can readily conceive, the ties of parental affection united with those of friendship, could not fail to have produced this effect. It is however a dispensation, the wisdom of which is inscrutable; and amidst all your grief, there is this consolation to be drawn, that while living, no man could be more esteemed—and since dead, none more lamented than Colo. Tilghman.

As his correspondence with the Com[mitt]ee of New York is not connected with any transactions of mine; so consequently, it is not necessary that the Papers to which you allude shou’d compose part of my public documents; but if they stand single, as they exhibit a trait of his public character, and, like all the rest of his transactions, will, I am persuaded, do honor to his understanding & probity, it may be desirable in this point of view to keep them alive by mixing them with mine; which undoubtedly will claim the attention of the Historian, who, if I mistake not, will upon an inspection of them, discover the illiberal ground on which the charge, mentioned in the extract of the letter you did me the honor to enclose me, is founded. That a calumny of this kind had been reported, I knew: I had laid my account for the calumnies of anonymous scriblers but I never before had conceived that such an one as is related, could have originated with, or met the countenance of Captn Asgill, whose situation often filled me with the keenest anguish. I felt for him on many accounts, & not the least, when viewing him as a man of humor & sentiment how unfortunate it was for him that a wretch who possesses neither, should be the means of causing in him a single pang, or a disagreeable sensation. My favourable opinion of him, however, is forfeited if, being acquainted with these reports, he did not immediately contradict them. That I could not have given countenance to the insults which he says were offered to his person, especially the grovelling one of creating a gibbet before his prison window, will, I expect, readily be believed when I explicitly declare that I never heard of a single attempt to offer an insult, & that I had every reason to be convinced that he was treated by the officers around him with all the tenderness & every civility in their power. I would fain ask Captain Asgill how he could reconcile such belief (if his mind had been seriously impressed with it) to the continual indulgencies & procrastinations he had experienced? He will not, I presume, deny that he was admitted to his parole, within ten or twelve miles of the British lines; if not to a formal parole, to a confidence yet more unlimitted, by being permitted for the benefit of his health & the recreation of his mind, to ride, not only about the cantonment, but into the surrounding country for many miles, with his friend & companion Major Gordon constantly attending him. Would not these indulgencies have pointed a military character to the fountain from which they flow’d? Did he

conceive that discipline was so lax in the American Army, as that any officer in it would have granted these liberties to a person confined by the express order of the commander in chief, unless authorised to do so by the same authority? And to ascribe them to the interference of Count de Rochambeau, is as void of foundation as his other conjectures; for I do not recollect that a sentence ever passed between that General & me, directly or indirectly on the subject.
I was not without suspicions after the final liberation and return of Captn Asgill to New York, that his mind had been improperly impressed; or that he was defective in politeness. The treatment he had met with, in my conception, merited an acknowledgment. None however was offered, and I never sought for the cause.
This concise account of the treatment of Captn Asgill is given from a hasty recollection of the circumstances. If I had had time, and it was essential, by unpacking my papers & recurring to authentic files, I might have been more pointed, and full. It is in my power at any time to convince the unbiased mind that my conduct through the whole of this transaction was neither influenced by passion—guided by inhumanity—or under the controul of any interference whatsoever. I essayed every thing to save the innocent, and bring the guilty to punishment, with what success the impartial world must and hereafter certainly will (decide). With very great esteem & regard I have the honor to be Dear Sir Yr Most Obedt Servt

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from John Fitzgerald, 6 June 1786
From: Fitzgerald, John
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Alexandria 6th June 1786

Soon after I was honor’d by the receipt of your letter this morning, I had an opportunity of seeing Colo. Gilpin & we have concluded to go up to George Town tomorrow[.] Colo. Deakins promises, in a letter received to day, that he will not part with any of them untill the Company, if they want any, have a choice.
From the mention made of the Blacksmith by Mr Dillon & others, I expect he will be very suitable for the Works, & also one or two of the Stone Masons[.] I think we had better not exceed the Number of 25 at this time, & not near so many unless appearances are very favorable.
From the best accots I have been able to get from the falls, the fresh has not at any one time been higher than it was in the Spring, altho’ both Potomack & Shenandoah were higher than they have been known since the year 1771, but fortunately, Potomack fell before Shenandoah began to rise so that the Violence of both did not Cooperate[.] In this part of the River the Easterly Winds which blew almost incessantly heighten’d the appearance of the fresh by the quantity of tide water which was driven up.
By first opportunity after my return I will inform you of what we have done. I am with affectionate Esteem Dear Sir Your Obed. Servant

John Fitzgerald


Title: To George Washington from David Stuart, 6 June 1786
From: Stuart, David
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir,
Abingdon 6th June—[17]86

As nothing could be transacted in a more favourable manner for the estate; than the way in which your account is settled, it must always be infinitely obliged to you—I assure you I am perfectly satisfyed—with great regard I am, Dr Sir Your Obt Servt

D:d Stuart


Title: From George Washington to Benjamin Lincoln, 7 June 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Lincoln, Benjamin

My Dr Sir,
Mount Vernon 7th June 1786

Inclosed is a copy of my last to you, soon after writing which I heard of Doctr Gordon’s sailing. Not knowing who his Agent is, I again take the liberty of putting under this cover, the second Bill of exchange for him; & the original subscription paper on which the eleven pounds arose as part of the Bill (just mentioned) for forty two pounds which was the amount of both the Alexandria & Fredericksburgh subscriptions. As I have passed my receipts to the gentlemen who collected the money at the places above named; I wish the Doctors Agent—or Attorney if he has appointed one, would acknowledge the receipt of the Bill to me.
Mr Lear arrived here a few days ago, & appears to be a genteel, well-behaved young man: he delivered me your letter, in consequence of which I applied to, & have received a promise from Charles Lee Esqr. (brother to the Colonel) to furnish him with such Law Books as he may have occasion for. I wish you success in your Passamaquady undertaking, & with sentiments of very great esteem & regard, am My Dr Sir, &c.

G: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Charles MacIver, 7 June 1786
From: Washington, George
To: MacIver, Charles

Sir,
M[oun]t Vernon 7th June 1786

I received your letter of the 5th inst. together with the MSS. & other papers sent with it, which I have returned.
It gives me pleasure to see any attempts made towards improving literature & science, more especially when they tend to the immediate & particular advantage of this Country, & I should always wish to encourage & promote them: but I cannot with propriety enter into your plan, & offer you the encouragement you desire, as I am not so well acquainted with your character & abilities as many Gentlemen in Alexandria undoubtedly are, who will have an opportunity of attending your lectures, which I shall not; & are capable of giving your plan every encouragement which it deserves. I am Sir &c.

G: Washington

P.S. As the patterns & drawings may be useful to you on some other occasion, I return them.


Title: From George Washington to Lafayette, 8 June 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Lafayette, Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de

My Dr Marqs
M[oun]t Vernon 8th June 1786.

You would be surprised at the old date of the letter herewith sent you, were I not to tell you that the vessel which carries it was to have sailed agreeably to the date, & by information was to do so every day since. Nothing new has occurred since it was written, nor should I have given you the trouble of a second letter by the same ship, had I not forgotten to mention in my last that Mrs Washington had packed & sent for Madame de la Fayette’s acceptance, a barrel of Virginia Hams. I do not know

that they are better, or so good as you make in France but as they are of our own manufacture (and you know the Virginia Ladies value themselves on the goodness of their bacon), and we recollect that it is a dish of which you are fond, she prevailed on me to ask your’s & Madame de la Fayette’s acceptance of them.
I wanted to have accompanyed them with an anchor of old Peach brandy, but could not provide any which I thought of such a quality as would do credit to the distillery of this liquor, & therefore sent none; and after all, both perhaps would have been better furniture for your Canteens on a long wet march, than for your table in Paris. It is unnecessary to repeat the assurances of the affection & regard with which I am &c. &c.

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to John Fitzgerald, 13 June 1786 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Fitzgerald, John

Letter not found: to John Fitzgerald, 13 June 1786. Fitzgerald wrote GW on 13 June: “I am honoured with your letter of this date.”


Title: To George Washington from John Fitzgerald, 13 June 1786
From: Fitzgerald, John
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Alexandria June 13th 1786

I am honoured with your letter of this date & am extremely sorry it is out of my power to meet you & Colo. Senf at the falls tomorrow as Mr Ridout’s Brigg will then be clear for sailing & his dispatches are yet to be made out[.] I have sent your letter to Colo. Gilpin & have no doubt but he will attend & I hope you & he will make any alterations in the Plan which may appear necessary to you without attending to the formality of a regular board. I am Dear sir Your mo. Obedt Servant

John Fitzgerald


Title: To George Washington from William Fitzhugh, Jr., 15 June 1786
From: Fitzhugh, William Jr.
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Millmont Calvert [County, Md.] 15th June 1786

I have communicated to Mr Reynolds by Letter your Determination respecting the Ewe Lambs; since which he has not favord me with his Directions as to the Time of removing them—I mentioned to him that unless I received his particular Instructions on the subject—I should recommend it to you to let them remain with their Mothers until the last week in July; I therefore presume it meets his approbation: as there cannot be the least Doubt of his having received my Letter—should you however think the Time late, it rests entirely with yourself, when you will send for them—It is improper to separate them too early from their Mothers; in which Case they frequently pine, and are injured in their growth—I wish I could flatter you with the smallest probability of your encreasing the Number to a Purchase of such as would be worth your Attention—The most eligible route to Mr Edward Reynolds’s is from Mount Vernon to the Cross Roads near Piscataway about ten miles—thence to Lower Marlbro by the brick Church twenty miles, thence to the Bay side nine miles, where he now resides—He will meet with little Dificulty, whoever comes over, as the road is by no means intricate—My Father is much obliged by your Offer of Magnolio’s Services: by choice he could not wish a finer horse to his mare—on a presumption—they will be sufficiently served by the last of this month, we shall about that Time send over for them—It will be unfortunate should the Jack’s present Frigitity prove constitutional tho I am rather inclined to ascribe it to youth and the Change of Climate than any other Cause—for if he continues to grow to the age of twenty (a very general opinion) his early performance cannot be otherwise than highly flattering—My Father and Mother join me in best wishes to you your Lady and Family—with perfect Esteem and regard I have the honor to be yr Excelly mot Obedt Servant

Wm Fitzhugh Junr


Title: From George Washington to Sarah McCarty Johnston Darrell, 18 June 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Darrell, Sarah McCarty Johnston

Madam
[Mount Vernon] 18th June 1786.

A tract of land which I bought of Captn Johnston (your deceas’d husband) lying on Bullskin in Frederick (now Berkeley) county, is, as well as a great many others, comprehended in the judgment lately obtained in the General Court in favor of the Hites; but may, it is said, be relieved from the consequences if it shall appear that this land was originally purchased from Hite.
That the fact is so there can be no doubt, but the difficulty lies in proving it. It would seem by some papers in my hands that Captn Johnston bought the land, wch he sold me from one Lewis Thomas; & that Lewis Thomas bought it of old Jois Hite, father of the present complainants; who passed his Bond for the conveyance; which bond it further appears was assigned to Captn Johnston. Now, if this bond is to be found among the papers of Captn Johnston, for I have it not, it will render null &

void the claim of the Hites; unless it may be for the original purchase money (which was very trifling)—if it cannot be proven that it has been paid.
But if this bond is not in being, it is highly probable the Land will be lost.
The person to whom I sold the land is now calling upon me—this will oblige me in turn to resort to the representations of Capt. Johnston of whom I purchased, & whose Deeds to me warrant it against the claim of every person whatsoever. But all these difficulties (except as to the original sum, which was to have been paid by Lewis Thomas to Hite) may be avoided if you fortunately should find among Captain Johnston’s papers, the original bond from Hite to Thomas for conveyance of the land. It is for this reason I give you the trouble of the present application.
I am informed that commissioners are to meet some day this month, to receive such evidence as can be offered in favor of the present possessors of the land, without which the judgment will be final, I therefore pray that diligent search may be made for Hites Bond, which may prevent a heavy loss, as the land, with the improvements thereon, is now become very valuable. I am &c.

G: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Peter Dow, 20 June 1786
From: Dow, Peter
To: Washington, George

Sir
[Fairfax County] June 20th 1786

Mr Lund Washington, applied to me yesterday, as also your young Man ⟨W.⟩ Shaw, to day for the Rent I owe you; I sincerely wish it had been in my power to discharge the same; but from an unforseen event, my Family coming in and drawing on me without advice for Some money; togather with my retirement from any kind of Trade to the Country, has rather embarrassed me at this Season till I can collect the growing Crop—If it were any way agreeable to your excellency I wou’d give Bond with

Security & Interest pay[abl]e in Six months. I am Sir your Excellencys Most Obedent & Most hume Servant

Peter Dow


Title: From George Washington to David Humphreys, 20 June 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Humphreys, David

My dear Humphreys
Mount Vernon 20th June 1786

Your letter from New York (as did the preceeding one from London) came duly to hand, & claim my particular acknowledgments. On your return to America I sincerely congratulate you. I shall rejoice to see you at this place, & expecting it soon, shall add little at this time. The only design of this letter is to assure you, that you will have no occasion for Horses, for mine will always be at your service; & very little for a Servant, as your old acquaintance Will (now fit for little else) can whiten your head, & many idlers about the House can blacken your shoes; but in the latter case I entreat you to be governed wholly by your own inclination & convenience.
Not knowing at what place to direct for you, I send this under cover to Colo. Lee (to whom I have occasion to write)—Mrs Washington & George & his wife join me in every good wish for you & I am ever yr sincere friend and Affe. Hble Servt

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from André Michaux, 20 June 1786
From: Michaux, André
To: Washington, George

Sir
Alex[andri]a 20th June 1786

You will find herewith, the Seeds, that I Spoke of, to Your Excelly Yesterday. I will accept of the Offer, that you made me, in Sending to your Care, the Collections that I Shall make in the Distant Countries for the use of the King of France.
I Shall Esteem it a Happiness, If I Can Discover any thing, that can be of any use to Your Excellency. I am very Respectfully Sir Your Very Obedt & Very Humble Servt

A: MichauxBotanist to his Most Christian Majesty


Title: From George Washington to Nicolas Pike, 20 June 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Pike, Nicolas

Sir,
Mount Vernon 20th June 1786

Your letter of the 25th of March did not come to hand till lately or it should have had an earlier acknowledgement.
It gives me the highest satisfaction to find the Arts and Sciences making a progress in any Country; but when I see them advancing in the rising States of America I feel a peculiar pleasure: and in my opinion, every effort of Genius, and all attempts towards improving useful knowledge ought to meet with encouragement in this Country. Your performance is of the most useful and beneficial kind, and, from the opinion of those Gentlemen who have inspected it I have not the least doubt but that it is a very valuable one.

I feel a grateful sense of the honour which you designed me by wishing to dedicate your Book to me, and would even sacrifice my own ideas of propriety respecting the matter so far as to comply with your request, if I thought that by a non-compliance I should discourage so good a work. But Sir, as there are several Characters in your part of the country who deservedly hold a high rank in the literary world, and whose names would add dignity to such a performance, it would be more proper (if I might presume to offer my opinion upon the matter) to dedicate your Book to them. I must therefore beg leave to decline the honour which you would do me, as I have before done in two or three cases of a similar kind. With the sincerest wishes for the success of your work, and much esteem I am Sir, Your Obdt Hume Servt

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Joseph Dashiell, 21 June 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Dashiell, Joseph

Sir,
Mount Vernon 21st June 1786.

I thank you for requesting a skipper from the Eastern shore to call upon, & make me an offer of the posts & rails he had for sale. They were not however of a kind to answer my purposes (being for paling), nor should I incline to buy any unless they are better & are to be had cheaper than those wch might be taken from my own land.
To judge of the propriety of this, you wou’d oblige me Sir, by informing me on what terms Cypress posts 7 feet long, 5 inches by 6 at top, & 7 inches by 6 at bottom; (a stack a foot square making 4)—and Cypress plank 12 feet long, 6 wide & 1¼ inches thick, could be had delivered at my landing, supposing 500 of the first, & a proportional quantity of the latter for rails. I mention cypress on a supposition that it is a lasting wood for posts; but would be glad to know also, what the difference in price would be, between cypress & Pine, in the rails only. I am &c.

G: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Thornton Washington, 22 June 1786
From: Washington, George
To: Washington, Thornton

Dr Thornton,
Mount Vernon June 22d 1786.

Mr Throckmorton delivered me your letter of the 6th inst: I am under no apprehension that the title to the land on which you live can be affected by the decision lately had in favor of Messrs Hites & others. Such papers as I can readily find respecting this tract, I send you. The patent from the proprietors office, granted to Captn George Johnston of whom I bought the land, particularly recites that it was granted by Jois: Hite to Lewis Thomas. the deposition of John Smith taken, & admitted in the former trial, & I suppose is of record—with the copy of Lewis Thomas’s bond passed for the payment there of—together with

the statement subscribed by Colo. Grayson—places the whole business in my opinion in a very clear & unequivocal point of view. But if the Commissioners (which I can scarcely conceive) should be of a different way of thinking, I should be glad to have time to illucidate matters more fully.
Colo. Grayson you will perceive certifies that what he has signed is a true copy from the proceedings; in these it is expressly admitted by the complainants, that Js Hite did sell 425 acres; which upon a resurvey (possibly by adding a little of the barrens) measured 552 acres. Not having the original bond from Joist Hite to Lewis Thomas in my possession, I sent to the widow Darrell, formerly wife of Captn Johnston, to see if it could be found among his papers; but she was from home & not likely, my messenger was informed, to return soon—and very probably may be found as a deposit in the proprietors, as the Deed is expressly founded upon it. In my judgment it is quite immaterial where it is, as there is, besides the admission of the papers, the most uncontrovertible evidence of the sale to Thomas. By L. Thomas’s bond to Joist Hite, it appears that the money was to have been paid, “at such time, that the said Joist Hite, his Heirs, Executors, Administrators or Assigns can obtain a good Patent from the office.”
The only point therefore which can be disputed, according to my conception of the case, is, if the purchase money has never yet been paid, who is liable—the possessors of the land, or the persons to whom it was sold, or their representatives? Whether the decree of the Court goes to this point, or what powers are vested in the Commissioners respecting it I know not, never having seen the judgment, & having had but a very indistinct report of it.
The Ship with servants happening to be becalmed opposite to my door, I sent on board to enquire for a Carpenter; only one stood upon the list—& he professing not to understand much of the business, I concluded he understood nothing of it, and therefore did not b[u]y him for you. My best wishes attend you & your wife. I am Affectly yrs

G: Washington


Title: To George Washington from William Foster, 23 June 1786
From: Foster, William
To: Washington, George

Sir
Bridlington Yorks[hir]e [England] 23 June 1786

In the Season of Warr when too often the voice of Humanity and the calls of Justice are stifled in the Rage and Tumult of the Contest, ’Twas Yours sir in the midst to exhibit that a delicate adherence to the Virtues of the mind may be united in the Breast of the Warrior and the Statesman.
In the beginning of the late unhappy dispute I was (not in Arms) taken going to Boston and carryed to your Camp at Cambridge, it was there I was indetted to you for personal Security and speedy Liberation, and it was in the Confidence of your Protection our Confinement was considerably alleviated.
The Opportunity of a Relation passing near your door affords me the means of declaring to you how much I feel myself Sir Your obliged and Obedient servt

Wm Foster


Title: To George Washington from George Fisher, 24 June 1786
From: Fisher, George
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Philad[elphi]a 24 June, 1786

Agreeably to your orders I waited on Capt. Colfax for the Money which you informed me you had paid to him for me, being Eighty Dollars, but he told me, in direct Opposition to your Excellancy’s words that he had never recd any such money. I also waited on Lt. Howe, and he had nothing for me neither.

I think, in my humility, it is parculiarly hard that I should be kept out of what is so justly my due, & indeed what your Excellany paid to Men in Affluance to deliver to the poor. However from your Excellancy’s benevolence & Charity I still hope to receive this Sum & leave to your Excellany the mode of recovering it. I continue with Mrs House in my old Station, as Cook, & where I hope I shall have the honor of receiving your Excellency’s further information. I have the honor to be your Excellancy’s most Obedient & Obliged Servant

George Fisher


Title: To George Washington from Clement Biddle, 25 June 1786
From: Biddle, Clement
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Phila[delphi]a June 25. 1786

I must appologize for my not acknowledgeing the receipt of your favour of 18 May Covering Certificates for 339 53/90 Dollars but I was daily in expectation of our Opportunity to send the Glass which I did not meet till last week by the Dolphin Captain Stewart by whom I sent it with the receipt enclosed under cover to the care of Colo[ne]l Hooe & since then I have waited for this Conveyance by Major Gibbs.
I now inclosed the Bill for the Glass also Mr Oswald’s & Messrs Dunlap & Claypooles receipt for the papers which I have stopped them from sending—Mr Humphreys say he has no account against you I have also paid Messrs Lewis’s Acct which is inclosed—Stelles Certificate would sell for 8/ in the pound as it now is that is £50.18.9 specie for the whole or you may draw 84 Dollars Interest in Indent & 6 p. Ct Interest in our paper money and then let it remain a funded Certificate of Pennsylvania.
I had not purchased the Tour through Great Britain as no New Book have arrived—Linen is not sold very low at our Vendues this season as but few Vessels have arrived from Ireland & will not till about September—Oznabrigs has been a scar[c]e Article & tho’ I am within a few doors of the City Vendue I have

seen none there for sale of a good quality but what was damaged and there are few striped Duffel Blankets for sale in the stores—nor do I think they can be had reasonable till October.
In answering your former Letter I have of course inclosed your favour of 20 Inst. just received.
Mrs Biddle begs to join in respectful Compliments to Mrs Washington with—Dr General yr Obedt & very Hume Servt

Clement Biddle

I shall keep the Certificate for your further Orders. I forwarded the Letter recd from Mr George Washington to Jamaica immediately.