Title: Jonathan Williams, Jr., to the American Commissioners, 30 June 1777
From: Williams, Jonathan Jr.
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Honorable Gentlemen
Nantes June 30. 1777.10 oClock in the Evening.
My last by the Post informed you of the return of the Mercury and the summary of the News she brought. I now send you a number of papers which did not come to my hands ’till to day being brought by one of the Ships Officers. The Captain tells me that about the 10th or 12th of May Capt. manly with a Frigate of 36 Guns Capt. McNeill with another of 28, and another Frigate of 36, with 30 Sail of Privateers sailed from Boston and had orders to cruise together; 2 fine Frigates lay at portsmouth, one ready to sail, the other waiting for want of Guns, and a 74 is on the Stocks in that place.
Inclosed is a Copy of two Letters I have written to St. Malo, in consequence of hearing that a large prize said to be laden with Sugar Cotton and Indigo [was] being sent into that port. The Authority I have assumed is by the express desire of Mr. Ross, who exclusive of the right I derive from you (no person of better authority being here,) puts into my hands the management of all prizes that come in here or any other port on the public account, in the absence of Mr. Morriss, and at his return to act conjointly with him; on the arrival of Mr. Lee with superiour powers, I shall resign to him. All this is unsolicited and without a request on my part, but I shall do the best I can for the public Good, concluding that with this Intention you will not be displeased with the part I act.
I also inclose a Letter from Capt. Johnson who is chased into Morlaix, but I as yet have heard nothing of either Wickes or nicholson. The Bargemen from Painbeuf report the arrival of three prizes at that place, and I am in momentary Expectation of hearing the particulars. That these are three considerable ones appears to me certain from many different Bargemen who have come to Town, but the prize masters have not yet come up. I shall take this upon myself and do all I think necessary for the preservation of the property, according as circumstances may direct, ’till I have your particular orders, and if I sell them, shall do it to the best advantage. The Bargemen report that, the 3 Cruizers have taken and destroyed in all 28, this number seems to me too much, but the people persist that the prize master says so; I shall however know by the time the post goes out, when shall be particular. I take the earliest occasion to give you all the news as far as I know myself.
Inclosed is my account Current ballance 2750.15.5 of this Ballance I am in advance for some Cloth I have bought, supplies to Capt. Hynson &c. so have not so much money in hand. These Things will come into the account in proper Course.
The Duke de Chartres I understand has been offered for 68,000 Livres. She is a fine Ship and I think worth buying.
The House I have addressed the prize at St. malo to I hear is the first in the place, one of the partners I have been long acquainted with here, and the first partner is the Treasurer of the province. I have the honor to be with great Respect Gentlemen Your most obedient Servant
J Williams J
I send this by Mr. Montaudouin who goes of early in the morng.

Addressed: The Honourable / The Commissioners of the / United States
Notations: Mr. Williams June 30.1777 / Claims the [?] disposal of Prizes by Mr Ross’s authority


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from V. Dulongprey, Coney & fils, 30 June 1777
From: Dulongprey, V., Coney & fils
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
A Cherbourg ce 30 Juin 1777.
Nous vous confirmons notre der[nière] du 28 du courant. Le Sieur Douglas ne voulant pas conclure Le Marché de sa prisse qu’apres avoir conferé avec vous, Monsieur, ne voulant pas entreprendre le voyage de paris sans avoir un compagnon de voyage, Notre Jeune Dulongprey a bien voulu par complaisance se determiner a l’accompagner, d’autant plus qu’il confera avec vous sur l’expedition du corsaire et de sa prisse. Nous avons l’honneur d’estre avec Respect Monsieur Vos tres humbles et obeisants serviteurs
V. Dulongprey Coney et fils


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Jonathan Williams, Jr., 1 July 1777
From: Williams, Jonathan Jr.
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear and honored Sir.
[Nantes July 1st 1777]
On the other Side is an Extract from the last letter I recvd. from Mr. Alexander. I send it to you that you may read his Sentiments relative to the proposed partnership, tho’ I confess I am afraid of troubling you too much with my affairs. You will see by my Letters to the Commissioners the part I have taken relative to the prizes. I will do the best I can and shall conduct with all the prudence I am master of. Although I assume this power in consequence of my Situation here as your agent, and the absence of Mr. Morriss, yet it is with the consent and desire of Mr. Ross who, without any request on my part, desired me to take the Charge on the public account, and I have his orders, (as being authorised to take it upon himself) for all I do. If Mr. Lee should arrive I shall pay him the due Respect and resign this power to him, and when Mr. Morriss arrives from Bordeaux, I shall agreeable to Mr. Ross’s direction act in conjunction with him, and avoid all kind of difficulty with any one. I am ever with the greatest Respect and affection Your dutiful Kinsman
J Williams
Doctor Franklin


Title: Jonathan Williams, Jr., to the American Commissioners, 1 July 1777
From: Williams, Jonathan Jr.
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Honorable Gentlemen,
Nants July 1. 1777
Mr. Montaudouin set of this Morning with my Letters relative to the Captures made by Capts. Weeks Johnson and Nicholson since which the prize master who has come in here has arrivd to town. There is but one prize arrived at painbeof and her Cargo is not known her papers being distroyed. She has Cork and hides betwen Decks but we are yet unacquainted with what is in her Lower hold. I hear a Cruzer is arrived at St. Malo if so think it must be Weeks. Nicholson has not yet appeared but he Escaped from the Ship that pursued Capt. Johnson and Weeks the Commander not thinking him worth waiting for when there was so much better game a head. The prize Master also tells me that they have made and Distroy’d 28 prizes 14 they sunk in St. Georges Channel, another they gave the prisoners and sent her away with about 90 of them. About 38 of their prisoners have entered into our Service. I mention in mine this Morning what by Mr. Ross’s perticular desire I had undertaken. I spoke to Mr. Greul on Change to day and he seems to oppose any proceedings of mine saying that in Mr. Morris’s absence he only has a right to act for him. I do not like to have differences in these matters so inform’d Mr. Ross who in answer wrote the inclosed Letter to me. I shall agreable to mine by Mr. Mountaudoin do the best I can for the Interest of the concernd but I beg your advice and instructions as soon as possible.
I have Receivd Mr. Deans favor of the 27th Instant and have accordingly notified Mr. Peltier to have all the goods brought back to nantes as soon as possible. The weather is at present too stormy to undertake any thing but as soon as that will permit I intend to have them brought to town. There must be several prizes now near unless Retaken. As soon as they arrive you shall be inform’d. I am Gent.
J W
To The Commissioners Paris


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Richard Bache, 1 July 1777
From: Bache, Richard
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Sir,
Philadelphia July 1st 1777
I did myself this pleasure a few days ago, via Martinique, since which yours of the 5th. January came to hand, where it has staid so long I know not; We are exceedingly impatient to hear from you; I fancy the swift sailing vessel, which you mention in yours of the 5th. March, would sail in a few days, has been pickt up by the Enemy, or we should have heard something from her by this time.
My last informed you that General Howe occupied the Ground from Somerset Court house to Brunswick, on the 22d. Ultimo in order, as is supposed, to draw General Washington out of his strong post, (being afraid to march towards Philadelphia and leave him in his rear) and to bring him to a general Engagement in an open part of the Country, where from superior discipline he apprehends he would have many advantages; he affected a precipitate retreat from Somerset and Brunswick to Amboy, taking over part of his Troops to Staten Island, as if he intended to quit the Jerseys intirely; instead of which, these Troops that had crossed to Staten Island, being joined by the Marines from the shiping at Newyork, recrossed near Elizabeth Town, with a view of falling upon the Flank or Rear of our Army, but General Washington suspecting they had some design, cautiously pursued the flying Enemy, and consequently avoided their Trap; the Enemy on Thursday last with about 5,000 Men, made a push at a Brigade of ours early in the morning and had nearly surprized them but the Brigade gave them a few smart fires, by which they did great execution, and then retired with the loss of about 50 Men, and two pieces of Artillery. The whole Army of the Enemy was in motion that morning, but General Washington kept his post, at Middlebrook, his Riflemen and Light Troops harrasing the Enemy’s march continually.
I purpose in a few days to bring my Family to Town. Sally expects to lay in, about the middle of August, she cannot be accomodated on this occasion where she now is; some people are of opinion the Enemy will still push at this City. I cannot think they will ever get here, numbers are of opinion they will go up the North River. I believe they are at a loss what to do.
My Love to Ben, tell him I want to know how his Head is, we flatter ourselves it is quite well by this time; pray remember me to Temple, and believe me to be Honored Sir Your affectionate Son
Rich: Bache
Doctor Franklin

Addressed: The Honble: / Dr: Benjamin Franklin / One of the Commissioners, from the / American United States, at the / Court of France
Notation: Private Letters to B Franklin from America


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from ――― Berthon, 1 July 1777
From: Berthon de Maisonneuve, ——
To: Franklin, Benjamin

No. 298 A. Bruxselle le 1 Juillet 1777.
Vous ette priez Monsieur, de vouloirre avoir la Bonte de fairre parvenire L’incluse a son adraisse. Vous obligerré celui a l’honneur d’ettre avec la plus hautes concideracion Monseiur votre tres humbles et tres obessant serviteur
Berthon

Si Mr Sayre n’etoit pas en france on vous suplie de renvoÿer cette Lettre Rue de la paille No 298. a Bruxselle.

Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur Frankelin / Docteur en Medecine / a Passÿ / Proche / Paris


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from ――― Mehl, 1 July 1777: résumé
From: Mehl, ——
To: Franklin, Benjamin

<Schorndorf in Württemberg, July 1, 1777, in German: I have wanted to go to America all my life. Once, in 1754, I started; the ship burned, many were lost, and I had to return. Since 1758 I have had a responsible position on the municipal council, but still long to go. Tobacco here, since the start of hostilities, has risen in price by more that fifteen percent, and could be profitably imported by Hamburg, France, or the Netherlands in exchange for products useful in America. If you want to know about me I refer you to Christoph Lochner of Philadelphia. I shall hope to hear from you.>


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Silas Deane, 2 July 1777
From: Deane, Silas
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Sir
Paris July 2d. 1777
I have the pleasure of informing You by the inclosed Lettr. that Capt. Wicks is safe, also of sending You the English papers. Letters Received by Dr. Bancroft bring nothing New, the word of the Day in London is, Howe is not ordered for Philadelphia but to join Genls. Carleton and Bourgoyne; tant mieux pour Nous. I have the honor to be most respectfully Sir your most Obedient and Very Humble Servant
S. Deane

Addressed: The honbe / Benja. Franklin Esqr.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Rodolphe Valltravers, 2 July 1777
From: Valltravers, Johann Rodolphe
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Passy, Wednesday Noon, July 2d. 77.
Rodh. Valltravers has called, to pay his Respects to the Doctor, and to enjoy a few minutes Interview, on several interesting Matters. Will do himself the Honor, to call again, as soon as the Doctor shall be pleased to signify by a Line, what Time may Suite his Convenience best to receive him? directed to his Lodgings in Town.
Vs. Rüe et Hôtel de Berry, au Marais, á Paris;

Addressed: To / Dr. Benj. Franklin / These.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Henri van Laaschet, 2 July 1777: résumé
From: Laaschet, Henri van
To: Franklin, Benjamin

<Crefeld in Cleves, near Meurs, July 2, 1777, in French: I ask your help in a matter that cannot succeed without you, and on which my peace of mind depends. My three brothers and a sister are settled in Pennsylvania: I can no longer write them via England, and ask you to forward the enclosed packet or tell me how I can get it into their hands. My brother Christian received a legacy here, and agreed to take it in America in goods. I bought all sorts of merchandise and sent them to Rotterdam in 1774; but they were not sent on, and in November, 1775, were almost ruined in a flood. I am old, and before I die I want to let my brother know the state of his affairs. Will you send me a word in reply?>


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Silas Deane, 3 July 1777
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Deane, Silas

Dear Sir
Passy, July 3. 1777.
I have just received the inclos’d from St. Malo, which I send for your Consideration, and as Capt. Wickes will want Credit there, perhaps it may be well to accept the Offers of these Gentlemen. I shall be satisfy’d perfectly with what you may think proper to do on the Occasion. I am, with great Esteem, Your most obedient humble Servt.
B Franklin
Honble Silas Deane Esqr

Endorsed: Dr. Franklin
Notation: Dr. Franklin


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Ferdinand Grand, 3 July 1777
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Grand, Rodolphe-Ferdinand

Le 3. Juillet 1778 [i.e., 1777].
Mr. franklin presente ses respects à Mr. Grand et il lui envoye la lettre originale dont it lui a parlé. Dans une autre Mr. Bingham dit que “le plus Leger pretexte suffit aujourdhui aux Anglois pour saisir et condamner les effets des marchands françois qui ne peuvent pas même transporter les productions d’Amerique d’une Isle à une autre sans courir les plus grands risques. En effet plusieurs vaisseaux ont été conduits depuis peu à la Dominique par la seule raison qu’ils transportoient des productions d’Amerique.”
Il est à remarquer qu’avant ces difficultés les marchands francois pouvoient acheter du tabac, du riz &c. des Americains du Continent pour être transportér en france. Si je ne me trompe, il est Porté dans les traités que le vaisseau d’un ami assure les marchandises même d’un ennemi, à plus forte raison doit-il garantir vos propres marchandises que vous avés achetées auparavant de cet ennemi.
Mr. Bingham dit aussi que la Cour d’Amirauté à la Dominique est constituée sur des principes si iniques qu’elle encourage les condamnations, le juge ayant une portion des marchandises condamnées, de sorte qu on ne peut gueres se flatter de sauver des effets dont le sort dépend de son jugement.

Notation: 1778. Juillet 3.


Title: Samuel Nicholson to the American Commissioners, 3 July 1777
From: Nicholson, Samuel
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Gentlemen,
St. Mallo July 3d, 1777.
My last to you was last Saturday, in which I gave you an Account of Capt. Wickes and selfs safe Arrival at this place, since which have heard of Capt. Johnson being safe arrived at Morlaix. We are waiting for your Orders to know what to do with regard to fitting our Vessells again. We have Just heard of the Arrival of three of our Prizes at Nantes, Mr. Morris we hear is not there; but at Bordeaux; in that case I hope the Prizes will fall into the hands of Mr. Williams, at least those that was taken by me. I have nothing Particular to say. Dear sir Shall be much obliged if You will inform me where Mr. Carmichael is, and if Hynson is at Paris yet. My Compliments to all the Gentlemen at your Table and am Dear sir Your very Humble Servant
Sam Nicholson

Addressed: To / The Honble Silas Dean Esq / At / Paris
Notation: Capt Nicholson 3d. July 1777


Title: Jonathan Williams, Jr., to the American Commissioners, 3 July 1777
From: Williams, Jonathan Jr.
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Honorable Gentlemen
Nantes July 3d 1777.
Inclosed is a Letter from Capt. Nicholson by which you will see the number of prizes is much less than the prize master here told me. I hear that one is Arrived at Dunkirk I have as yet heard nothing of the other Six. Mr. Morris Returnd from Bordeaux the day before yesterday. I sent the prize master to him Explained the reason of my Conduct and gave up all further Concern in the matter as I suppose was proper after his return.
The Concern of the Annonyme is not Clear of it’s Confusion. I have given Mr. Peltier the Necessary orders in writing and Secure him from the blame of his employers by breaking their orders which I thought but a reasonable request on his part. The Capt. is gone on board to bring the goods up to town. As the Vessell will be in danger of her oversetting if she is entirely empty I have consented to Lett the Salt remain some time Longer on board, this I more readily do [because] till another vessell is provided I should not know where to put it. I mention to Mr. Peltier that I propose to Examine the ship when she is unloaded to be perfectly Convince of her being fit or not. Altho I know you intend to have nothing to do with her I am under the necessity of making this pretence least I should not Succeed in getting the goods out. I have the honor to be Yours
Jona Williams
To the Honourable The Commissioners at Paris


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Amelia Barry, 3 July 1777
From: Barry, Amelia
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Tunis 3d. July 1777
I am persuaded most Dear Sir, that every moment of your time is infinitely important; therefore without presumption, can scarce hope to be indulged with the smallest share of it, who am of so little account as an individual, (however as such, regarded by you,) when compared with that noble Whole, for whose happiness and good so many years of your life have been devoted; and for whom you have been involved in variety of difficulties: yet distinguish me I beseech you my dear Paternal Friend, from the multitude now, as you did when I was a Child. The God-daughter of my honored Mama, and beloved friend and companion of your Sally surely may hope to be remembered; and superadded to those ties, let the truly filial affection, which it is my glory and boast that I bear you, plead for a few lines in answer to the letter I did myself the honor of writing to you in February last. My mama’s and Mrs. Beache’s health, and whether they are with you, I am inexpressibly anxious to be informed of.
Various are the reports which alternately prevail here, concerning the cause of your going to France; and each chatterer pretends to know more of my Docr. Franklin, than I do myself. Yet I am less hurt at that circumstance, than at a report that you went thither, in order to sollicit a Pardon from the K. of G. B. This I ventured to contradict, as I well know your steadiness of soul, and that you could not have engaged in any cause without the strongest conviction of its being Just. I wished I own, but for your tranquility alone, to have Neared of your actual retirement from business; but you cannot I find, live in vain!
A Copy of a letter from my Lord Howe to you, with your animated reply upon his Lordship’s transmitting you his official dispatches, &c. (dated July ’76) are lately fallen into my hands, and fully convince me of your sentiments in some points, I wish to know them on. I cannot doubt the authenticity of your letter, as it corresponds with part of a conversation I had with you, after the cruel treatment you received from Wedderburn, &c. That happy serenity of soul, which you experienced during his shocking behavour to you, from the rectitude of your heart and intention, you strongly expressed by the simile of a man covered with oil-cloth from head to foot in a shower of rain: and your boast, (a glorious one it was!) was that you had constantly acted for the best, and that you found you still retained the friendship of men of worth. Something like this, follows your beautiful simile of the “fine and noble China Vase the British Empire.” A union of the parts I concur with you my dear Sir, in thinking, can never be effected; but had your endeavours been successful, they had never been severed. Let this be your consolation, as the fate of Empires, are in the hands of the all-wise Being who forms them; and who must know, infinitely better than short-sighted Man, when to give them existence, at what period to fix their zenith, and when to date their decline: every thing that relates to this State, must experience these different points. Eternal duration we know, belongs not to our Globe itself; hence cannot to any of the parts which compose it. Yet let those in power take care, (if it be not now too late,) that their imprudence does not cause a transposition of Empire, which is almost dangerous to suppose; and that, in the circumvolution of worldly affairs, may Phoenix-like, receive life from the Parent ashes. May your valuable life, my ever-revered Friend, be extended till a happy period shall be put to the presant calamities of our Country! and may (to express myself in your words) “cool and dispassionate Posterity” give you a rank with those immortal worthies of Antiquity, who have formed and ennobled those well regulated Governments and which have served as models for succeeding ages! As it is not permitted me my dear Sir, to see you, I fear again, let me entreat you to remember and love me. Your Portrait, which receives additional value from being your gift, is the capital piece of my closet, and affords me that melancholy kind of pleasure which we feel at the recollection of departed excellence, the hope of whose happiness in some degree, compensates the pain of a perpetual separation.
Your little God-daughter whom I mentioned in my last, kisses your hands, and begs her most dutiful comp[liment]s.
Mr. Barry charges me with his best respects. With the sincerest veneration and respect I have the honor to be Dear Sir your most obliged and Obedient Servant
Amelia Barry
Be pleased Sir to direct yr. favors thus Mr. David Barry Tunis to the care of Messrs. Sollicoffre Freres & Wilkie Mercts. Marseilles

Notation: Barry Emelia 3 July 1777


Title: Lambert Wickes to the American Commissioners, 4 July 1777
From: Wickes, Lambert
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Gentlemen,
St. Mallo July 4th. 1777.
I wrote you the 28th. June Advising of my Safe arrival at this port, also informing of the success of our late Cruize and have now the pleasure to Acquaint you of the Safe Arrival of Captain Johnston in the Brig Lexington at Morlax. I have wrote him and desired if he is not well Situated there, to get a good Pilot and Come up here. I should be very Glad if you would let me know where you would chuse him to proceed to, As I may give him orders Accordingly. Also please let me know If I may begin and purchase Guns and Arm the Reprisal as fast as possible. I think you had best Sell the Dolphin or employ her as a Packet as She is by no Means fitt for a Cruizer, and only hinders us in Cruizing as She is not Able to Sail with us. I should be very glad to hear from you as soon as possible. I think there is little propect of doing any thing more on this Coast and am in hopes you will order Capt. Johnson and me to proceed for America together, As soon as I Can get ready and fitt for Sea If you think any thing more Advantagous Can be done for the United States by Cruizing in Europe I shall submit to your Determination with pleasure. The Commissary and Commedant of this port are well disposed to render us every service in their power and we have been very well received and treated by all the Merchants and principal people of this place. We Can get all the Guns and every thing Neccessary here for Compleating, Arming [and] fitting the Ship Reprisal on as reasonable terms as in any Port of France and am in hopes soon to receive your Instructions on this head. Please make my Compliments to Messrs. Carmichael and Capt. Hynson if at Parris. From Gentlemen Your most obedient and Humble Servant
Lambt. Wickes

Addressed: To / The Honble. Dr. Benja. Franklin / at / Parris
Notation: Capt Wicks. July 4th 1777


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Dumas & Mallet, 4 July 1777: résumé
From: Dumas & Mallet
To: Franklin, Benjamin

<Geneva, July 4, 1777, in French: Republicans are always interested in new republicans: common principles bind them together, and the heart approves. If commercial interests are also shared, the bond becomes a chain between two worlds. Our firm offers silk cloth, woolen stockings, clocks, and other articles, to be sent either to Frédéric Romberg & fils at Ostend or to Gamba & Archdeacon at Dunkirk, but will have nothing to do with ocean transport while the British are so active in intercepting ships.>


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from William Lee, 4 July 1777
From: Lee, William
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Sir
Hotel de Grand Villars Rue St. Guillaume4 July. 1777
The other day I made use of the Liberty you gave of leaving two paper percels and a letter for my Brother at your house and was sorry to be so unfortunate as not to find you at home.

Very early in the morning I set out for Havre and expect to return in 8 or 10 daies at farthest, but if in the mean time my presence here Should be requisite, a line directed to me chez Monsr. Limozin Negotiant Havre will find me and I will return immediately. My respectful Compliments to Mr. Franklin and remain with sincere Esteem Dear Sir Your most Obliged and Obedient Humble Servant
Wm. Lee.

Addressed: Monsieur / Monsieur Francois / chez Monsr. Chaumont / a Passi.
Notation: W. Lee July 4th 77. to BF.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from James Lovell, 4[-9] July 1777
From: Lovell, James
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir,
Philada. July 4th[-9]. 1777
I think it my duty as an Individual to communicate to you some information which you may not perhaps receive in a more formal or authoritative way.
The treaties made with the Chevalr. de Borre Mr. Du Coudray &c. &c. have given infinite trouble being inconsistent with each other, and all of them, except the one you signed with 4 Engineers, inconsistent with the honour of the american officers; who, tho not formed in regular standing armies, have the most just claims from their services since this war commenced. It is not to be doubted but that a multitude of foreign officers, by no means wanting in merit, are willing to come over and supersede such of ours who have been in the field and have borne innumerable hardships, at times when our poverty in arms and ammunitions would have terrified the stoutest Europeans who had been only accustomed to systematic Campaigns.
Though we have now a standing army for 3 Years or during the war, yet the Genius of the people of these States is far from relishing this monarchical Production: so far, at least, as not to be willing, for the sake of Theory, to have Foreigners placed in the highest Trusts. The merit of B. Genl. Knox is great and he is beloved by his corps. How then could Mr. Du Coudray’s treaty fail to create the greatest confusion among our Officers of Artillery? But these are not the only ones. Numbers of our Major Generals are disgraced by an antidate to him of rank from the 1st. of Augst. unknown here till to months after. The 4 Engineers also, who have at length arrived, do in the most preremptory manner disavow being under this Chief of Artillery and Engineers who is not like them of the royal Corps of Engineers. Nor is it usual or proper that the two Parties should be under one direction unless he be the Commander in Chief of the Army.
Mr. De le Balme may be useful as Inspector Genl. of Cavalry which cannot disgust our other officers.
Genl. Conway will resign because the Chevalr. De Borre ranks above him. The first might be ten thousand times more useful to us than the last.
Mr. Holzendorf is a fresh embarrassment in every respect. I very much fear from this sample that an Instruction formerly passed in Congress respecting french officers who do not understand our tongue will be construed into a patent for those who do. It was never intended for that end; and I assure you, Sir, nothing is more dreded than such a Construction. I will not multiply words, but conclude by assuring you of my most sincere Esteem as Sir Your Friend and most humble Servant
James Lovell

Sir,
July 9th. 1777.
Since the former date of this sheet Congress has confirmed the treaty made by you on the 13th. of Febry. but the Engineers are altogether discontented, upon a comparitive view of their rank. I hope we shall some time or other see an End of such pretensions. I almost dread to hear of the arrival of a foreign vessel on this particular foundation. With Truth Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant
James Lovell
Honble Benjamin Franklin Esqr


Title: Jonathan Williams, Jr., to the American Commissioners, 5 July 1777
From: Williams, Jonathan Jr.
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Gentlemen
Nantes July 5. 1777
I omitted mentioning in my last that I had Drawn on you in favor of Messrs. Montadoiun for 1500 Livers at 8 days date which please to honor. Capt. Hynson and myself will go to painbeof tomorrow to Examine the Duc De Chartres. I mentiond to you that her price was 68,000 Livers but that is the price offered for her the Owners ask 70,000 for her. This is a great deal of money but I realy think it will be better to purchase than to freight even if one could be had. I do not hear of any ship that would answer our purpose to be procured on freight and I find that the people here Expects at least as much Extraordinary freight as would insure the Ship and the Extraordinary Gratifications to the Capt. and people in addittion to which our pressing occasion would perhaps augment the price and the Merchant prehaps make great profit. If we purchase you will have a Ship that is capable of carrying all your Stores at once and the 30 Cases of arms which I shall give from the Magazine with 100 Saddles and 2. or 300 pair of Holsters that will be ready in time. She will be able to run from a Superior force or fight an Equal one and when She Arrives in America you will have the means of bringing home a freight of 7. or 800 hogsheads of Tobacco at a train Expence; if She makes this Voyage Safely she will more than clear herself. The Profit a french Merchant would make will be saved and if you are to give them as much Extraordinary freight as the insurance amounts to it appears to me the Same thing as if you Risque the property yourself. In considering the above circumstances and your Orders I shall (if upon Examination the Ship answers the Charactor I have of her) make the purchase immidiatly and proceed with all possible Dispatch. The next thing to consider is the way she is to be Dispaitched. Capt. Hynson ask for only half the number of guns but twice the weight by which he thinks he can fight a greater force should there be occasion. If you choose she should go without a french Capt. and we should not conclude to fit out a privateer we can have a number of American Sailors here; if you choose She should go as a frenchman (which would be best on this Coast at least tho’ I imagine make but Little difference on the other) I will so manage the matter as to keep her distanation unknown and when She is ready if we had twice the Number of Spies that we have we should not be affected by them. In consequence of Mr. Morriss’ Return I have relinquished all pretentions to the affair of prizes &c. I have received Letters from Wicks and Nicholson who seem’d to be very much Satisfyed with the house I named to them. It appears to me to be of consequence to have concerns with the first houses in the ports of France in preference to any others as in case of need we can have advances and it is always [as] easy to have good connections as indifferent ones. This is the only reason which induced me to name them which I hope will meet with your approbation. Capt. Nicholson Seems very unhappy with his Little Vessell which he thinks will never answer your purpose. I am affraid of proposing any new way of disposing of your Funds as you have already so many but I think if you mean to give nicholson another Ship I could build one here in about 3 months capable of carrying 14 guns to Sail equal to any thing the Hull of which would cost 20.000 Livers Lanched in the water and we may Suppose as much more for her mast yards Riggin &c. I have the honor to be
J W
To the commissioners at Paris


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from V Dulongprey, Coney & fils, 5 July 1777
From: Dulongprey, V., Coney & fils
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
A Cherbourg ce 5 Juillet 1777.
Nous nous refferons a notre dernier que nous avons eu l’honneur de Vous ecrire le 30 du passé par Notre Sieur Du-Longprey Le Jeune qui a accompagnié le Capitaine Dowglas. Depuis est arrivé en cette Ville les Sieurs Daniel Danes et francis ablet venant d’engleterre se disant de Boston et faits prisonniers avec l’equipage du Corsaire Resing States commandé par Le Cap[itai]ne James Thombsiom apres avoir fait deux prisses qui ont été conduit à Lorient. Ces jeunes americain ont echappé de la prison d’engleterre et a leurs arrivée en cette Ville ils sont venus nous trouver pour leurs procurer de l’argent pour payer leurs passage et les conduire a Lorient, nous assurant qu’ils etoient de Votre connaissance et que nos avances nous seroient remisses par Vous Monsieur ou par leurs correspondant de Lorient; dans la crainte d’estre trompé par ces jeunes americains qui nous ont paru estre de Bonne foy, nous avons consenti a leurs remettre douze Guines pour payer parties de leurs passage convenu par 20 Guinees, et les avons obligée a sejourner en cette Ville jusques a ce que nous ayons des assurences soit par Vous Monsieur ou par leurs commissionnaires a Lorient qui nous garantisse de la somme dont ils auront Besoin pour se rendre jusques a Lorient. Its viennent de nous dire qu’il vont avoir l’honneur de vous ecrire par ce courier; nous serons en attendant l’honneur de Votre reponse, pour rendre services a ces jeunes americains si Vous voulez bien y consentir n’ayant rien de plus a coeur que de Vous temoigner notre zele pour l’interest de Votre nation. Nous avons l’honneur d’estre tres sincerement et avec respect Monsieur Vos tres humbles et obeissants serviteurs
V. Dulongprey coney et fils


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from ――― Richard, 6 July 1777
From: Richard, ——
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur,
Paris le Ge Juillet 1777.
J’ay appris par voye indirecte que vous desireriez avoir dans vos colonies des artistes de tout genre, principalement des arquebuziers. Je serez tres decidez a y passer si ce dernier talen peu vous etre de quelque utilite. Je suis d’autant plus en etat de faire des eleves, et etablir des mechaniques pour cette partie, que je peu faire l’arme dans son entier, et que j’ay eté l’espace de douze ans a la tete de la manufacture d’arme la plus considerable de france. Si mes services vous sont agreables je vous prie de m’honnorer de votre reponce d’apres laquelle j’auray l’honneur de vous tirer ma reverence. Je la prandray chez votre portier dimanche. J’ay l’honneur d’etre, Monsieur, Votre tres humble et tres obeissant serviteur
Richard

Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur franklain / en son hotel chez M. Chaumon / a Passy
Notations: Richard, Paris 6e juillet 1777. / payé 3 s[ols]


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Etienne Caÿrol, 7 July 1777
From: Caÿrol, Etienne
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur,
Amsterdam ce 7. juillet 1777.
Je suis trop delicat pour allér sur les brisées de qui que ce soit, et je n’eusse point pris la liberté de vous offrir mon ministére, si Mr. Coder par sa lettre du 16e juin dernier ne m’eüt marqué étre chargé de complettér avec Mr. dubourg l’équipèment de deux mille hommes, sur des modèles agréés, qui seroint finis par tout ce courant juillét, et que mon ami Codér êtoit decidé d’accompagnér lui même en amêrique. Par sa d[emiè]re du 26e. passé, il me marque que vous l’avés chargè de la fourniture genéralle de vos troupes, et m’invite de me rendre sans delaÿ a la manufacture pour ÿ faire teindre 4000. aûnes de drag: ma presence ÿ est inutile, et je dois prealablément étre en règle deffinitive avéc mes créanciérs. J’y aÿ les sieurs Martin & artus les plus intélligens sujéts du royaume qui surveilleront la partie des appréts, et un tres excèllent güedéron, qui de suitte méttra la main a l’oeuvre quant a la teinture. Ainsi, Monsieur, rien ne pèriclitéra.
Mais je serois desesperè, que mes offres derangèassent, le moins du monde, vos mésures; d’ailleurs je me borne moy, a l’achat et désdoubleurs etc. des draps, à en faire le meilleur choix, soit a la hâle, soit sur les fabriques; à en faire parachevér les opérations, ultérieures; à verssér tous les avantages, du premier prix, les excomptes, tous les proffits des bons d’aulnages et ceux résultans des opèrations de teintures, garnissages tonte etc. dans votre caisse; à vous remettre enfin, tous les draps et doublures prêts à etre emploÿés par le tailleur, et non plus ultra sous l’honoraire stipulé dans ma première; délors, Monsieur, je n’entendois réssortir ni aboutir qu’a vous seul, à Mr. de han [Deane], oü tel autre vous represéntant, sans étre chargé en outre de faire aucune espèce de paÿement ni d’avoir aucun maniment, qui m’absorberoint des moment plus utiles à vos interéts.
Voila, Monsieur, quéls êtoint mes sentimens et quèlles sont mes dispositions, si jamais j’aÿ le bonheur de vous étre utile.
Je quitte la hollande ce soir. Mon fils porteur d’ycèlle prendra, oü vous laisséra son addrèsse parce qu’il est de ce moment, seul chargé de me faire passér les lettres, dont on m’honorèra.
Je sollicitte votre èstime et votre interèt. Etayés moy, je vous supplie, auprés de ceux qui peuvent me faire connoitre du monarque, oü de ses ministres, aux couleurs qui me sont propres. J’ay l’honneur d’etre avéc le plus proffond respect Monsieur, Votre tres humble et très obeissant serviteur
E. Caÿrol
M. Le Docteur franklin

Notation: Cayrol Amsterdam 7. juillet 1777.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Silas Deane, 7 July 1777
From: Deane, Silas
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir,
Paris 7th. July 1777.
The Gentleman from Portugal proposes being here this Morning at Ten o Clocke, he calld Yesterday supposing it was the Time you Appointed. I could wish you to see him. If you, and son are not engaged, pray your Company at dinner. I am most respectfully Sir, Your most Obedient and Very Humble Servant
Silas Deane
Hone. Benja. Franklin Esqr.

Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur Franklin / a / Passy


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Gaspard-Louis de Franchessin, 7 July 1777
From: Franchessin, Gaspard-Louis de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
A aeir [Aire] le 7 juillet 1777
Mon frere, nommé franchessin ou desprée, jentilhomme francois, capitaine a la suite du regiment de rouergue, chevalier de St. Louis, a l’occasion de la defense du chateau de Cracovie en pologne, dans l’intention de servir dans les armees du congres de l’amerique, s’est embarqué pour philadelphie, au courant de mars mill cepcent soixante et seise. Un officier a notre service a St. dominigue, ayant en datte du six avril dernier, mandé qu’il avoit apri que M. le chevalier de franchessin devoit avoir etté chargé d’une commision ou depeche en france; du secret dont je le connoit, il seroit posible qu’il y vaint [vint] sans m’en informer; ce qui me fait, Monsieur, oser m’adresser a vous, pour vous suplier si cela etoit, de vouloir me rendre le service, de luy faire scavoir s’il n’y a de raisons qui s’i opose, qu’il m’ecrive et au cas que vous fussiez informé de son sort et de son ettat, en votre continent, me faire la grace de me le mander si vous m’honorez d’une reponse. Je suis avec respect, Monsieur, votre tres humble et tres obeisent serviteur
Franchessincapitaine au regiment dechampagne en garnison a aeir en artois


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Gourlade & Monplaisir, 7 July 1777
From: Gourlade & Monplaisir
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
Lorient 7 juillet [1777]
Nous avons l’honneur de vous prevenir de l’heureuse arrivée en ce port du batiment Les deux soeurs, l’une des prises de notre ami mr. Lambert Wickes dont nous avons appris avec plaisir l’entrée à St. malo. Ce batiment Les deux soeurs est de 200 á 250 tonneaux; il est sur son lest sans marchandises quelconques. Nous ferons le necessaire pour en procurer la plus prompte vente et la meilleure, et toujours avec la plus grande discretion.
Nous nous felicitons monsieur de cette nouvelle occasion de vous renouveller l’hommage sincere des sentimens d’estime respectueuse avec lesquels nous avons l’honneur d’etre Monsieur Vos trés humbles et trés obéissants serviteurs
Gourlade DE Monplaisir

Notation: Gourlade L’orient 7 juillet.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Niccoli, 7 July 1777
From: Niccoli, Raimondo, abbé
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir
Paris 7 July 1777.
Enclosed I send you a letter of our good friend Ingenhousz from Tissingen; he was embarquing for holland, when he wrote to us; he expects your answer at Amsterdam.
If you have some news to send to me before the next Saturday you will oblige me.
If you want an oportunity of sending your answer, especially if the Doctor Ingenhousz has given you none particular direction, I will charge my self of sending it to the Hague to the Imperial minister; but this way cannot be so expeditive as that of the post. I am with the greatest respect dear Doctor your most humble and most obedient servant
Niccoli.

Notation: Nicoli Paris 7e. juillet 1777.


Title: Jonathan Williams, Jr., to the American Commissioners, 8 July 1777
From: Williams, Jonathan Jr.
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Honorable Gentlemen
Nantes July 8. 1777.
I am this Day favoured with Mr. Deans Letter of the 2d Inst. I mean to take measures for purchasing the Cloth for 10,000 Suits of Cloths with all possible Expedition, but shall not put them in hand ’till the Models arrive. I will readily do Capt. Thompson all the Service in my power. Two of his prizes are arrived here. They were consingd to Mr. Morriss. They might have been so to me perhaps if I had thought proper to run to L’Orient to engage them, but as I never wish to do Business unless it be as much for the Interest of my employers as if any one else did it, I confess this method of catching at advantages does not enter into my plan. Mr. Dean mentions also that I should get Wickes’s prizes disposed of as soon as possible, but that now does not depend on me. Since Mr. Morris’s return I have relinquished all manner of concern in the Business, I did it because I did not feel myself authorised to take upon me what he seems to have an express Commission for, and because I do not think that a misunderstanding betwen two persons acting for the public should ever happen, and without a rupture I do not see a possibility of interposing, especialy as I do not find I have any express authority to support me; You may be assured that with sufficient powers nothing on earth shall interrupt me in my Duty, but I shall always endeavour to preserve amity and good humour wherever I can, and I never wish to reap any advantage to the prejudice of an other man.

I drew on you to day two drafts in favor of Mr. Peltier one for 1980 l.t. payable 26 Septr. for the Salt which as yet remains on board the annonyme the other payable loth Octor. for 792. 18 l.t. for 176 thousand Corks which I have stowed among the Cases of arms that are ready for embarkation, please to order these Drafts to be duly honoured.
Capt. Hynson and myself have been on board the Duc de Chartres and find her everything we could wish or expect. She is a fine new strong Ship and calculated for a very fine Sailor. I do not find anything but her Cables that are exceptionable of these she must have at least one new, her riggin cannot want much if any repairs and in Short it appears to Capt. Hynson and myself that if this Vessell once arrives in america she will make an excellent 24 Gun Frigate. Capt. Hynson thinks that with 12 twelve pounders there is nothing can hurt him, because he can stand a brush with a frigate or run away from a greater Force. If you fit out this Ship under american Colours to fight her way through, we must drop all thoughts of a privateer and as the public Service is our grand object I confess I had rather see that succeed than any private Scheme whatever; the plan I had in view was the fitting out an old Frigate which was to have been purchased very cheap, but I since find that they have been altering her Deck to turn her into a Merchantman, so we cant think more of that Ship. But this alteration would not discourage the plan provided the men are not wanted for the Duc de Chartres, but ’till I know this, I shall suspend everything of the privateer nature. I have this day recvd. a Letter from a french merchant at Cherbourg which mentions that the little privateer is not to go out again and that her crew (17 in number) will want to go to America. I have accordingly written to them, that if they do not intend to continue in the Cruiser but to return some other way, that I would try to find passage for them, but I charged them to continue where they are about three Weekes and then I would write decisively; I did this to have the command of those men in case you propose to send the Duc de Chartres direct. The Officers under Mr. de Bretigny are very melancholy that they do not go in the annonyme, and I hear one of them setts off for paris to day. If you send the Duc de Chartres to fight her way we may as well take these officers it will be 4 or 500 Livres each to the Ship and so many good Hands and Hearts for her Defense.
I am inclined to think I shall buy this Ship as I have your orders to buy one, and search the Kingdom over I do not think you can get a better; as for freighting I do not think it can be done, without giving an enormous profit, and being duped and as I mentioned in my last, if you are to give as much extraordinary freight on acct. of the Risque as the Insurance of the Ship amounts to, it is certainly best to take the risque yourself, you can but insure the property and that brings it to the same thing. As to the Cargo of this Ship I believe I shall have near enough to fill her, the 250 or 260 Bales will take up a great deal of Room, besides which I must have at least 100 Ton of Ballast; I shall have 30 or 40 Chests of Arms and some Saddles Cartouch Boxes Shoes and Holsters and Mr. Beaumarchais has sent an order from the minister for near 25 Tons of warlike Stores for the annonyme which may now go in this Ship, with all this and the Passengers Baggage, I think we shall not have too much room. If we should I can throw in half a dozen large anchors and Cables which will compleatly fill her; I propose to take Salt for the Ballast. If I could contrive to get a dozen or two large Cannon in her hold, I suppose you will have no objection if it does not make a noise. Upon the whole I do not take on me to advise or propose. I shall obey your orders and do the best I can, as to Success that you know is not in our power, we can but endeavour to insure it but it must depend on Fortune.
I have had with me to day Monsr. le Baron de Gillier a french officer who proposes to come to paris to see you in behalf of Monsieur Kerguelin a Sea Officer (as he says) of the first reputation in France. Monr. K wants to fit out a Ship, and go to fight on the Coast of america, provided you will give him a Letter of marque; he says he is intimately known to the Count d’Estain. I give no encouragement to all this, but as he (the Baron) intends going to Paris in about 8 days time, I take the liberty of mentioning the Circumstance that you may inquire of Count d’Estain about him if you think proper. I have the honour to be very respectfully Gentlemen Your most obedient Servant
J Williams

I beg to be answered decisively whether the Ship shall go under French or Am[erican] Colours & whether or not the officers may embark.
The Honorable The Commissioners of the United States

Addressed: A monsieur / Monsieur Dean / Rue Royale / a / Paris
Notation: Mr. Williams July 8. 1777 Prizes


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Penet, 8 July 1777
From: Penet, Pierre
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
Nantes 8. julliet 1777.
J’avais mis a la Daine [Douane] un fromage que m’a remis le Capt. hamon a son Deparre de nantes pour vous le faire passer. L’envois ayant etée oublié je viens de le faire charger moy meme a l’adresse de Mr. Sollier pour vous le faire tenir.
Bienk flatté que cette occation me proccure le plaisir de me rappeller a votre Souvenir ou je suis endierement oublie. Cette peine seréz bien sensible pour moy si je n’avais la sattisfaction de me justifier un jour prés de vous, et vous prouver que jamais personnel ne scest plus inderessé au bien generale de votre nation que moy ainsi que mes Commettans.
Je suis informmé d’ou peut provenir votre peut de confiansce a mone egare. Je comte passer a paris sous peu pour me randre en allemagne ma patrie que je n’est vues depuis bien des années. Pandant le cejour que je fairéz dans cette capitalle j’auréz l’honneur de vous instruire de bien des choses d’apres lesquelles je suis assuré que vous m’accorderéz votre amitie. J’ay l’honneur d’etre avec respect Monseiur Votre tres humble et tres obeisant serviteur
P: Penet
Honnorable Dr. Francklin

Addressed: Au noble / Docteur Francklin / a paris
Notation: M. Penet


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from [Richard Price], 8 July 1777
From: Price, Richard
To: Franklin, Benjamin

July 8th. 1777
The writer of this presents his best respects to Dr. Franklin. Mr. Brown, the Bearer, is he believes an honest man.


Title: Samuel Nicholson to the American Commissioners, 9 July 1777
From: Nicholson, Samuel
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Gentlemen
St. Mallo July 9th. 1777.
I this morning recd. Orders from Capt. Wickes to furnish him with an Inventory of the Sloop Dolphin. I am now about to furnish him with one, wherein I shall mention every thing belonging to her; I beleive she will not fetch much more with her Cannon &c., therefore wou’d advise keeping them and sending them to Nants, as they are very scarce and hard to be got there. Here there is Plenty, and the difference between buying, and selling, is very great, and they are in great demand at Nants, in case you shou’d not have use for them, in any of your own Vessells. I have 10 three Pounds, and 14 Compleat swivells 8 of which are new and other 6, as good as new; Capt. Wickes will want the swivells.
My Doctr. I understand has wrote you complaining of my Treatment of him. I dont think Proper to trouble you with those matters. I shall only inform you that have only let him know that I was his Officer, he has made his Complaint to Capt. Wickes but Capt. W--s knowing the treatment he has recd. from me, cou’d give him no satisfaction on that head. He wants his Discharge, and as I am not authorised to give it to him, shall wait you orders, in case you think worth while to give any in regard to that Gentn. I am Gentlemen Your very Humble Servant
Sam Nicholson

Addressed: To / The Honble Silas Dean Esq / At / Paris
Notation: Capt. Nicholson. July 9th 1777


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to [Silas Deane], 9 July 1777
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Deane, Silas

Franklin is here forwarding word of a most unwelcome development. Wickes’s cruise had raised a storm in Whitehall, and on July 8 Stormont protested in strong terms to Maurepas and Vergennes. The Ministers met that evening, according to Wentworth, and the following evening Maurepas and Sartine discussed with considerable heat what should be said to the commissioners. Sartine opposed any message that might drive the rebels into a rapprochement with Britain, and apparently obtained some concession on wording; he was left to draft the text, which was approved in council on the 10th. He must have anticipated such approval, for he sent the letter to Franklin, Stormont reported, by way of Chaumont on the 9th. It announced the end of French tolerance for privateering.

Dear Sir,
Passy, July 9. 77.
I have just received Notice from the Minister of the Marine, that we are to give Orders to our arm’d Vessels and Prizes to depart the Ports in 24 Hours the following are the Words, “Qu’ils ayent a donner les Ordres les plus severes a leurs Corsaires et a leurs Prises de ne pas sejourner plus de 24 heures dans nos Portes, et de s’eloigner de nos côtes. Que sans cela ils s’exposeroient à être desarmes; que le Roy ne peut par sa fidelité aux traités leur y permettre un plus long sejour.”
An Answer being demanded immediately I have written that we should comply punctually with these Orders; and accordingly have written the inclos’d to Captain Wickes. The Hints contain[ed in] it are what I receiv’d at the same time, tho’ I have mention’d them as Conjectures. I make no doubt that on giving good ostensible Reasons they will be allow’d all the Time necessary to refit and take in their Cargoes. And as Wickes desires to go home, it may all be for the best. I have requested that where the Ports are blocked by English Cruizers, our Ships may be convoy’d off the Coast. I send Mr. Williams’s Letter and the Order sign’d. I am ever Yours sincerely
B Franklin
I wish you would write also to Capt. Wickes, and give him your Advice.

Endorsed: Dr. Franklin. July 9th. 1777


Title: Lambert Wickes to the American Commissioners, 9 July 1777
From: Wickes, Lambert
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Gentlemen,
St. Mallo July 9th. 1777.
I received your favour of the 3d Instant and am much obliged for your Attention to the Contents of mine. As you have not been very particular in regard to the Sale of the Dolphin, it will not be in my power to execute that business without more particular instructions on that head. First I shall be glad to know wheather you would Sell her as she is Arm’d or weather we should reserve the Cannon Swivels Stores &c. Secondly, what price you would Accept of for her with every thing on board and what Abatement may be made by Selling her unarmed. There is a very good Frigate here that will Carry 24 Nine pounders and has the Character of a very fast Sailer. As the Owner is not here, I do not know wheather he would Sell her or not, but will enquire and inform you by Next post. I have been very kindly received here and am promised every assistants from the Commedant and Commissary of this Port. Monsr. De Segray Beaugeard Fills & Co. has Offered to Supply me with what Money I have occasion for, the Amount of which I shall give a bill as you direct. As we Can get Cannon here on tolerable good terms I think we had best get fitted as soon as possible. I think if Brass 9 pounders could be got we had best get them as they would not be so heavy as Iron 6 pounders and would enable us to make a Much better resistance. We Can get Iron 6 pounders here or 9 Pounders, but the 9 pounders are too heavy for us. There is no Brass Guns to be got here, if any Can be procured Elsewhere and you are determined to Mount the Reprisal with Brass Guns, please inform me. If not we can get Iron 6 pounders here, and May be fitted and ready for Sea in a fortnight or three Weeks at furthest. Please to let me know where Capt. Johnston is to be ordered or if I shall order him here to Join me. There is three large privateers fitted out of Gurnsey and Jersey which is to be sent to Cruize off Nantz, to take all the American Vessels bound in and out of that Port. We have no Account of only three of our Prizes Arriveing and those of the least Value therefore Conclude the rest are Taken. From Gentlemen Your most Oblig’d Humble Servant
Lambt. Wickes

Addressed: To / The Honble. Dr. Benja. Franklin / at / Paris
Notation: Capt. Wicks July 9th. 1777


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Félix António Castrioto, 9 July 1777
From: Castrioto, Félix António
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir
At the Hotel de Navarre rüe St. Sauveur.the 9 July [1777]
To prevent your trouble in writing over the Memorial in vain, I thought proper to let you know that Since I had the honour to speak to you I refected that, tho’ the Secretaire of State for the affaires of the Kingdom is Suppos’d, with us, to be the Prime Minister, all the foreigner applications ought to be made to the Secretaire of State for the foreigner affairs. The name of the Secretaire for that departement is Mr. de Sá; but he is Knigt of Christ and has some other qualifiquations or titles wich are usual to be added to the name, but I don’t know how to tourn them into english. This could be avoid’d by giving the Memorial the same tourn as in the first copy, without adressing it by name. You may make of this notice what use you shall think proper. I remain with great estime and respect Sir Your most humble Servant
F. A. Castrioto

Notation: Castrioto, Paris July 9th. 1777


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Thomas Paine, 9 July 1777
From: Paine, Thomas
To: Franklin, Benjamin

My Dear Sir
Philadelphia July 9th. 1777
The dispatches being made up yesterday I herewith inclose you the papers of last night and this morning. General Howe, by every preparation, is about leaving N. York and as he has already retreated from the Army which it was his business to conquer, it is impossible to say what may be his next movement, some suppose the North River to effect a junction with Burgoyne. But there are, I think, too many reasons against this Project; one of which is, that as they have no other army than this, they are obliged to make use of it as an Army of Observation on the motions of the French and Spaniards in the West Indies, and for that reason will, If they have any desention, keep it somewhere about the Coast: another objection against the North River is, the leaving our Army and a River of near 150 Miles in their rear, which Circumstances render the safe return of their fleet a matter of great doubt, and any considerable damage done to them in that Quarter would be like wounding an Eagle in the Wing. Mr. Gross in his English Antiquities mentions fire Arrows being used for disabling or destroying fleets but the Extract, which I have seen, gives no discription how the Machine was constructed by which they were thrown. He says Sir Richard Hawkins did incredible damage to the whole Squadron of Spanish Men of War on the Coast of Peru, and that admiral Watson in the East Indies last War used them in an engagement with Mons. D Ache, with great Success.
I have made a draft of a Bow, something on the Plan of the Steel Cross by which I think will throw an Iron Arrow across the Delaware. I purpose, enclosing the fire in a bulb near the Top.

I have shewn it to Mr. Rittenhouse who joins me in getting one made for experiment.
General Howe will probably give an Air to his retreat from the Jersies by saying that he endeavored in vain to bring General Washington to a General Action. If this reason be admitted it proves the Impossibility of his ever Conquering. The fact, however, is this. General Washington does not immediately Command above much more than half the Army, and could General Howe with his whole force bring General Washington to an Action with little more than half he would have done it. But whenever the latter collects his whole force together, either to receive or attack General Howe, he leaves the field to him.
In my former I informed you of my being appointed Secretary to the Committee for foreign Affairs, and requested you to send me the Reviews, Gentlemans and Universal Magazines and Parliamentary Registers for 74. 75. 76 and that I would account for them to Mr. Beach. Lest that Letter should miscarry, I renew my request in this, with any such other Pieces as you may be so kind as to favor me with. I intend towards the latter End of the Year to send for your approbation the plan on which I intend to conduct the History of this Revolution. I am Dear Sir with every wish for your health and happiness Your Obliged Humble Servant
T P—N
Please to present my best respects to Your worthy Colleagues.

Addressed: The Honble: Benjn Franklin LLD / Commissioner from Congress / at / Paris

Notations: T. Payne to BF. July 9th. 77. / Letters from J. Payn & J Lovell


Title: William Carmichael to the American Commissioners, 10 July 1777
From: Carmichael, William
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Gentlemen
Dunkerque July 10th 1777
I have had the honor of receiving your Letter of the 7th of July and am sorry that you have not had an opportunity of yet applying to the Minister on the subject of Mr. Hodges vessel. The bond required was to give security here that the vessel should not cruise against the English. The Expressions of the Ministers letters were so vague and General that the Officers here were obliged to write up to court for an Explanation of the Ministers intentions. So that untill answers to those letters arrive things must remain in Statu quo to the great cost and risque of the Owner. I wrote you that five English cruisers are now imployd to watch her motions, three of which are in this road. Were it not that it will be disagreable probably to the Court of France to have its Ports thus blockd up, I would advise you to buy this vessel from the owners and apply it merely to the purpose of giving business to the English Commissary here and of detaining so many English vessels in the Neighbourhood of this Port, instead of cruizing against our trade. At all events an Individual cannot afford to be at the expence, So that if orders should not be expedited before this reaches you, I must again repeat our request that you would pray the Ministry to be so explicit in their orders that nothing may create longer delay. Mr. Hodge will be oblig’d again to take back his property as he sold her without informing the owner of the peculiarity of her situation. As you Expressed a desire to have a copy of the Letter wrote by the Compte de Maurepas to Parker Forth, I have been at some pains to obtain the general purport of it, which translated is as follows:

“Sir
I am not surprized that the effects of his Lordships illness and the variety of business in which he is involved should plead as his excuse for not writing. The capture of the Packett boat, must I dare say have made a great noise with you. The affair is very simple, the vessel which took her was cleared out as a smuggler. Not one of the Crew were French. The manner of Clearance and the precautions taken with respect to the Crew will account for the Secrecy with which the plan was carried on. Every method hath been taken to come at the bottom of the affair and to procure the necessary reparation. The Paquet shall be restord, the desire of continuing the peace Cannot be expressed by his Lordship with more fervor than it is wishd by me. I shall always think myself happy to display these sentiments as well as the regard with which I am &c. &c.
M-”

As you know the manner in which I obtaind this, and that it is often impossible to have opportunity to copy altho’ one may have time to read such things, The not being able to produce the original or a litteral copy is a circumstance of no great moment. If you think it of any consequence I can obtain you the history of this mans intrigues. By which at least the French Minister may see, what a low lifd animal they honor with their notice. I have been very unwell ever since my arrival, but hope a change of weather will recruit me. The Merchants here are alarmed at the Captures made by the English. If the Ministry would communicate to the Chambers of Commerce their intentions of reclaiming their vessels and of protecting their trade, it would remove their apprehensions and increase the Number of Adventures to our part of the World. Mr. Hodge is obligd to apply to you for a credit, as his Expedition has been attended with such additional Expence Occasioned by the delay, that he tells me his funds are quite Exhausted. I beg my Compliments to Dr. Bancroft and Mr. Franklin and am Gentlemen your Most Obedient humble Servant.
Wm. Carmichael

The Luggar is made French property & is ready to be sent round to Nantes Whenever Mr. Hodge shall receive your orders. Since writing the preceding I find that we shall have no farther delay in getting out this vessel, Which we shall set about with as much Expedition as possible.

Addressed: To the honorable / Benjamin Franklin & Silas Deane / Esqrs / at Paris
Notation: Mr. Carmichael July 10th. 1777


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from John Temple, 11 July 1777
From: Temple, John
To: Franklin, Benjamin

My dear Sir,
Richmond Green 11th. July, 1777.
I can no longer postpone the pleasure of writing to you (especially as I have now an Opportunity by our old Acquaintance Mr. Garnier, on the Safty of which I can entirely depend) and of congratulating you upon What I hear of your Success! of your health and tranquillity of mind, and of the pleasing prospect that is before you! God of his infinite goodness Grant that you may live to see, and to enjoy in our own Country some of the most pleasing fruits of your own labor and perseverance!
I have a thousand times, since your Arrival, determined in my mind, to come over and see you, and have, as often, from What I thought prudential reasons, laid those Intentions, from time to time, aside; especially since the Extraordinary Act of the last Session! as it would have been impossible for me to have return’d to my family here, without being entirely in the power, and at the Mercy of men Who, knowing they have injured me all in their power, never can forgive me. Should however a War with france take place (and it is much talked off here) I shall immediately come over with my little family. My Great wish now, is to get over to America as soon as possible, unless I could be of some service by remaining in Europe. While there seemed even the faintest prospect of a reconciliation, I had real pleasure in the thoughts of being of some service to my Country by remaining in England: that prospect, I think, is now totally at an end; and, between the two Countries, I Apprehend, Animosity and hatred will daily increase; Whoever has made human Nature any part of their Studdy, will Grant that the Measures this Country has invariably pursued for the last two years at least, can produce no less than hatred and unalterable detestation perhaps in the Extreme.
I have by this Opportunity written the Inclosed to Dr. Lee, principally concerning an Intimate Acquaintance of his and mine, Who, from Principal is heartily in our cause, and Who is wel-disposed to go over without loss of time if a prospect in going can be made elegiable to him. He has himself already written to Dr. Lee upon the Subject, Who will mention him to you, I therfore will say no more, than that I think he would be a Valuable Acquisition to our Army.
Mrs. Temple desires her Affectionate regards to you. She, for some months past, has been afflicted with a disorder’d Breast, but is now almost happily recover’d, though rather out of Spirits at having lately heard that Mr. Bowdoin is in but a poor state of health. Have you heard any thing from him lately? It is near Seven months since I had a line from him!
Inclosed I send you a Letter to Lord Chatham, Which is rather more than commonly read here. When you shall be told the Author, you will not like it the worse.
I have requested of Mr. Gamier, that if you write to me, let the letter be inclosed to the french Ambassador here, not to be delivered to any other person, but to remain in his hands untill I call for it, and then will safely reach my hands, and I rather wish it to be without Signature, I shall know Who it is from. Every Blessing attend you, and believe me to be with sincere and affectionate respect, Dear Sir, Your most Obedient and Most humble Servant,
J. Temple

Since I wrote the above I find Mr. Gamier only passes in haste through Paris, that he does not know whether it will be in his power to see, but has undertaken this shall safely reach your hands.

Notation: Temple 11. July 1777.


Title: William Carmichael to the American Commissioners, 12 July 1777
From: Carmichael, William
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Gentlemen
Dunkerque July 12th. 1777
In my last I transmitted you an account of the Extraordinary conduct of the Captain of one of the British Ships of war laying in this road.That Ship joind by two others block up the road so as to make it impossible for any vessel to quit this port without being taken by one or other of them. The detention of the vessel formerly belonging to Mr. Hodge occasions an enormous expence, for his good nature having prompted him, to give a passage and to advance Money for the support of every American who wishd to get to his own country, the vessel now lays at the expence of more than 300 livres per day. Nothing new has happend since my last. Accident having brought to my knowledge a transaction of the English Commissary here I thought the interest of France and America so much the same, that I trouble you with a deposition of the Fact at the Same time that I have prompted the poor sufferer to make an application, from whence alone She can hope redress. You will make the Subject of the inclosd deposition known to the Ministry of France to Show them that other people debauch without notice their best Pilots, whilst if our Captains only ingage a single sailor in Our service, Complaints are usherd with great noise to them, on the improper steps the Americans take.
The Merchants here have Stopped all thoughts of adventuring in the American commerce, untill they know whether the Court will reclaim their property both Ship and cargo, If not taken within the Limits prescribd by treaty. I have seen letters from various ports of France on the Same Subject and with the Same determination. It is in my humble opinion, a matter of great importance; that the court should explain themselves explicitly on this Subject. If they will sacrifice thus the Commerce of France to please the English, what are we to expect in our favor? It would be injustice to Mr. Hodge to say that My presence is longer necessary here, unless you have other Objects. I wish to have an opportunity of rendering service, and I must confess I can see nothing here that merits a double expence. Mr. D- often mentioned a circumstance that might give a diversion to our Enemies, an attempt to excite the White Boys in Ireland. I think there are one or two Irish Preists here, who could be made use of to that purpose, provided they could be promised some arms and ammunition, at least It would not cost a great deal to sound the disposition of these desperate people. I shall wait untill I have your answer to this Letter, when I hope you will either perswade the Court to send vessels to protect the trade of their port, or to say at once, that we must not do the least thing there which may offend the English. In that case, if their present requisitions are complyd with, their next will be to forbid the exportation of a bale of French goods to America and to make your persons Contraband in France. I wait impatiently for your news and instructions and am with much respect Gentlemen Your Most humble Servant
Wm. Carmichael

Make my Compliments to Doctor B-. He will always explain what I write to him.
The inclosed deposition being wrote in a hand well known at the Public burreauxs it will be necessary to have it copied.

Addressed: The Honorable / Silas Deane Esqr. / at / Paris
Notation: Mr Carmichael July 12 ’77


Title: Lambert Wickes to the American Commissioners, 12 July 1777
From: Wickes, Lambert
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Gentlemen,
St. Mallo 12th. July 1777.
This will be handed you by Mr. Joseph Fichet Armeture De Le Scarboucle of 22 Guns 6 pounders, which is now at this port and is thought to be one of the fastest Sailing Ships belonging to France, she is now out of repair or would answer our purpose very well. She is very Old and will want a very heavy repair. As the Gentlemen intends rebuilding said Ship Soon I thought proper to Mention it, as she is well known to be a very fast Sailor and will answer either as a Merchantman or a Ship of War, when repaired. If it should Suit you to employ her and not purchase, the Captain who Commands her is a Very Cleaver Man and bears an Exceeding good Charactor, his Name is Claude Rouxel. This Gentlemen has been very obliging and ready to do us every Service in his power, he proposes joining you in Shiping a Cargo of Goods to America in the fall if it should be agreeable. From Gentlemen Your most Obedient Humble Servant
Lambt. Wickes

Addressed: To / The Honble. Dr. Benja. Franklin / at / Paris per favr. Mr. Josh. Fichet
Notation: Capt Wicks 12 July 1777.


Title: Jonathan Williams, Jr., to the American Commissioners, 12 July 1777
From: Williams, Jonathan Jr.
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Honorable Gentlemen
Nantes July 12. 1777.
Mr. Morriss returned from Painbeuf yesterday morning, I immediately went to him to repeat in person what I had before written to him. He told me that no person in Europe had power to controul him, that therefore the orders I had, were without sufficient Authority, and ’till he could see powers from Congress superiour to his own which were intirely independant of the Commissioners, he should continue to act as he had began. That his Instructions from Congress particularly expressed that Capt. Wickes’ Ship and his prizes were under his Direction, and he should take charge of them accordingly. I told him that you would take care to have proper powers for whatever Directions you thought proper to give, and that I should always hold your authority as sufficient to support me in any measures I should take in consequence of it, that I thought it my indispensable Duty to obey you, and that I should accordingly take such Steps as I thought necessary, and oppose myself to the measures of any other person whatever. He said that he had already sold part of the Snows Cargo and when he had finished the Business he proposed to go to Paris, and if the Commissioners powers were better than his he should give the matter up, but ’till he was convinced of that superiority he should proceed. I then told him I should be obliged to act in contradiction to his measures. I have accordingly written the three orders which you will find inclosed.
Capt. Thompson is just arrived with the Model. I shall particularly attend to your Instructions.
My last from Capt. Johnson mentions that a prize had arrived to him there of little value, another of little value at L’orient. The two in this River are a Snow with Cork and hides between Decks but we dont know what is in her lower hold and a small Vessell loaded with Wheat: I hear to day that Mr. M. has sold the wheat. I have the honour to be with great Respect Gentlemen Your most obedient Servant
J Williams.
The Honorable The Commissioners of the United States.

PS. I have agreed with the Tailors for the 10,000 Suits at 3l.t. 8s. I was obliged to submit to the 8s. more in the façon but I shall more than save it some other way. They tell me they can make me 7000 Suits betwen this and the first of Octor.
We have Bordeaux news here of a Combat between an american and an english Frigate in which the latter Struck: I hope it is true. J

Notations: Mr. Williams July 12 1777 His declaration to M. Morris that he woud oppose him in the sale of the Prises. / Prises, Cloth


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Archibald Douglas, 12 [July] 1777
From: Douglas, Archibald
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir
Cherbourgh Saturday [July] 12th. 1777
This comes to let you know, that I am determined to proceed on an other Cruise if your honour will grant me a Commission; as our people are Stagnated at the thoughts of travelling through the Country to other Ports, not being sure that there are any ships there that will take them on board. I hear that Capt. Weeks who lay in St. Maloes was fitted and ready for Sailing the 9th. of this Instant, and I see no other way for us to take than to Cruise in the said privateer. We sold the prize on the ninth of this month; they promissed to pay us by Articles of agreement as soon as the Agreement was made; but we have not receiv’d any yet nor can we tell when we shall; they say now they will pay us as soon as the Vessel goes out of the harbour, but we dont know when she is to go out. Mr. Delumphry [Dulongprey] intends to stop the owners money in his own hands, I should be very much obliged to your honour to Instruct me in what form I shall be safe in chusing for the Owners Agent. Mr. Delumphry sold the prize for 22000 Livres and directly after I aplied to Mr. Droit [Drouet] (who has proved to be our friend) and he got a Gentleman in a very little time that gave a Thousand Livrs more and if I had stay’d one day longer I should have got 4000 Livres more: so that Mr. Delumphry has not stood our friend as much as I expected in regard of getting a market for the prize. I hope your honour will excuse the last letter I sent for I was not certain what I was going to do at that time; our Vessel is all ready victualled and maned waiting for nothing but your honours granting a Commission. Your humble Servant
Archibald Douglas


Title: Lambert Wickes to the American Commissioners, 13 July 1777
From: Wickes, Lambert
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Gentlemen.
St. Malo July 13th. 1777.
I received your favour of the 4th. Instant ordering me to Send our Prizes to the Address of Mr. Williams at Nants and give orders to our prize Masters Accordingly this order will be Chearfully comply’d with by me. I should be very glad to know my future destination and whether I am to go out as Soon as fitted for Sea, as I am told the Minesters has ordered me out of Port. I shall get my guns on board and proceed to Sea as Soon as possible unless ordered to the Contrary. Three of our people has run away and Carried off a French pilot Boat which they Say I must pay for, please give me your Advice on this head. I have wrote Captain Johnston desiring him to Address his prizes as you direct and have also Communicated Said orders to Captain Nicholson. As the Dolphin is at present disabled in her Mast, I dont think it prudent to Send Capt. Nicholson and his Officers to Nants in her, as she is very dirty and Cannot Escape if Chased. It Will be Attended with very little expence to send her round as French property and may be done by Capt. Nicholson’s own French hands now on board, only Shiping a French Captain and Clearing her out as French property for which a bill of Sale may be given to Messrs. De Segray & Co. Please inform us how you would have this Matter Conducted and depend on our Compliance. From Gentlemen Your most Obedient Humble Servant
Lambt. Wickes

Addressed: To / The Honble. Dr. Benja. Franklin / at / Paris
Notation: Capt. Wicks 13 July 1777


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from William Gordon, 13[-15] July 1777
From: Gordon, William
To: Franklin, Benjamin

My dear Sir
July 13 [-15]. 1777
I have no great inclination to write: but think it of importance that you should know the state of our affairs, whether promising or otherwise; and this conveyance may possibly bring you the earliest intelligence. Had the enemy a design of pushing thro the Jerseys to Philadelphia, they have been disappointed; and have been obliged to return from Brunswick to Amboy and from thence to Staten Island. The account of their retrograde motions was very acceptable: but since then we have had news from the Northern quarter, which I apprehend to be more than a counterbalance for the former. Genl. Gates had been appointed to the command of the northern department: afterwards thro’ Duanes management, and for fear of disabling the Yorkers &c. Genl. Scuyler had the supreme command committed to him, and Genl. Gates declined serving under his controlling power, refusing to be answerable for consequences unless he could have the direction. The care of Tyconderoga and Fort Independence were entrusted with Genl. Sinclair [St. Clair]. We had been long alarmed with the rumors of a designed attack, time enough to have reinforced the garrison and to have baffled the enemy; but thro’ the stupid negligence of these New England States, of this in particular, we have lost those important passes. The last thursday arrivd at Exeter an express from Genl. Sinclair, informing that having but a handful of men wherewith to oppose the enemy it was judged best to abandon the forts as on this day sennight and to retreat to Skenesborough; that upon coming to this place they found the enemy had possessed themselves of it; and therefore were marching for Benington with a design of getting between the enemy and frontier settlements. I shall not trouble you with many conjectures relative to consequences that may arise from the loss of Ty and Fort Independence; they will occur of course: but let me observe that since leaving the Plain and while at Salem on the friday learnt that several of our generals had wrote to their friends at and in the vicinity of Boston, that it was thought Howe intended to visit the New England states, that the troops were embarked, and that the vessels were watered, which leads me to suppose that possibly the design may be to penetrate the country by way of Rhode Island, while Burgoyne pushes down from the way of Ty. This may occasion us great distress, but the enemy by coming and spreading desolations among us may rouse to those exertions which may at length put a stop to them, but which had they taken place in time might have prevented them. You will judge me low spirited, should I pronounce the loss of Ty &c. the greatest we have met with since the war: but however great it may appear to me, I am in hopes that the God of hosts will at length deliver us and establish us in the enjoyment of our Independency. We deserve to be severely chastised for we have in general lost sight of the publick cause, and been making our own private advantage out of the times.
Dr. Cooper was well on the thursday. I am now at Newbury Port, from whence a vessel is to sail for Bilboa as soon as the wind comes fair. Wishing that you may soon have news that will more than abundantly compensate for the disagreeableness of this, I remain with great esteem your affectionate friend and humble Servant.
William Gordon
  Mr. Parker’s papers forwarded by Mr. Williams from Nantes April 25 have been recd. Be pleased to tell Mr. Cushing that his fathers family are all well, that they have recd. his letters by Capt. Cluston.Dr Franklin

Sir
July 15.
Being suddenly taken yesterday morning with a violent laxness attended with great pain I was prevented proceeding on my journey, and the wind not suffering the ship to sail I detained my letter that I might add any further news that should offer. From many circumstances there is reason to conclude that Sinclairs letter was a forgery, and that both Ty and Fort Independence and Skenesborough were in our possession Saturday sennight, a gentleman of this place having recd. a letter from his son in law an officer at Skensborough dated saturday sennight, giving an account, that the day before the enemy possessed themselves of Mount Hope, which is about a mile and a half on the outside of Ty lines, not far from the landing place at the foot of Lake George; that we had three thousand effective men; that there were two thousand militia within twelve miles; and that Genl. Sullivan was marching up with a thousand continentals. We are waiting with great anxiety to know for certainty how things are, but I am in hopes from all taken together that the enemy will be baffled in that quarter. The ships are fallen down from N York to Sandy Hook which looks as tho’ they were not destined for the North River.
The following I believe may be depended upon. Genl. Prescott being at a house on Rhode Island at some distance from the troops, and our people hearing of it, about fifty volunteers agreed upon an expedition, and accordingly went over, surrounded the house, made the General prisoner and brought him off safe with them.
Capt. Manly has engaged and taken the Fox frigate of 28 guns after some hours fighting. Capt. McNeal was bearing down, but the Fox struck to Capt. Manly before the other came up. Capt. Manly has but 26 guns upon his lower deck; the Fox two more. This account comes by a prize that arrived here last Lords Day the 18th taken by Capt. Lee; the prize is from Greenock, had landed at Newfoundland about five thousand pounds worth of Scotch goods, and taken in salt and fish and was going for New York, had besides many dry goods a thousand shirts made up, mounted fourteen guns, the Captain and two lieutenants were killed upon which she struck; the people that brought her in spoke with Capt. Manly after the fox was taken.
I have bad tools which occasions my writing wretchedly. Pray you to forward the letter for Mr. Parker.
We have certain accounts that all the troops under Howe, both horse and foot are embarked and fallen down to Sandy Hook.

Notation: Mr Gordon 3 July 1777


Title: Jonathan Williams, Jr., to the American Commissioners, 14 July 1777
From: Williams, Jonathan Jr.
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur

Honorable Gentlemen
Nantes July 14. 1777.
My last informed you of the Steps I had taken in Consequence of the orders you have been pleased to honour me with since which Mr. Ross has returned from Bordeaux. Agreeable to your Directions I have consulted With him and told him what I had done which he does me the honor to approve; but as it appears to him that Mr. Morriss’s instructions are particular from the Committee and a Difference in this Business might affect the general Interest he proposed a Sort of Suspension of the matter till it should be laid before you. I told him that I did not wish to Create any difference but that what I had done in consequence of your orders I could not receed from that I Esteemed my Duty as done and if the prize Masters did not obey my orders it must be considered as their Affair or that of those who Support them. I cannot force the property into my hands therefore as to these prizes I had no farther Steps to take. The matter therefore remains in this Scituation. Mr. M. has Sold both Vessells and their Cargoes and I have given orders against their Delivery. Whether they will be Deliverd or not we shall see in a Short time but Altho’ I mean to avoid every Difficulty in my Power I Shall not consent to any recall of what in Consequence of your instructions I have thought it my Duty to do.
I have a Letter from Messrs. V[euve] M. Comic & M[athurin] fils at Morlaix the house I desired Capt. Johnson to Value himself upon (there [they] are Mr. Chamonts Correspondence and I hear a very good one) they inform that in Consequence of my order to Supply Capt. Johnson they have advanced him 1200 livers. I have therfore in order to observe the Strictest punctuality in my Engagements transmitted them a bill on you for that Sum which I have pass’d to the Debt of the Lexington. Capt. Thompson finds so much Difficulty in making up a Crew that he does not think he shall be able to fit out again on his own Account. He wants to get Some money to his Suffering Companions in England and applys to me to know if it will be agreable to take up Some Congress paper money which he has to the Amount of 2. or 300 Dollars to enable him to make that remittance. I told him I would write to you and if you would give me permission I would give him hard money for it. He means to pay me the 40 Louis he took up at Paris if you please he may pay this in paper. If you conclude to take his paper please to Say whither you will take any Discount upon it or not and if you will how much. In the View of a Merchant this money may not be worth its nominal Value here but as a Public promisary note it may be Considered in a Different View. The Annonyme with her Salt and her Officers will get away this week. The Duc De Chartres waits your Answer as does my agreeament about the 300 pieces of Cloath. Relative to the manner of Drawing my Bills I have agreed for all my Buttons to be Deliverd here free of Expence at 8 Sols and 1/2 per double dozen which is 1/2 Sols dearer than your price for the Charge of transportation &c. I have also agreed with a manufacturer in picardee for 20,000 Ells of Shalloon for Lining at 29 Sols per Ell deliverd at nantes free of Charge at 12 months Credit that is to say 1/2 per Cent per month discount on my bills at 1. 2 3 or 4 Uzance as I may think proper. I have agreed also for about 12000 Ells of Tricot from 51 Sols to 62. per Ell. I Expect to get the principal part of this at the former price 21 1/4 Ells for 20 and at a years Credit as above. I am in great hopes that with my Arrangements I shall be able to finish the Suits of Cloaths within the price those cost at Paris if so it will be the Expence of the Exportation and the Commission Saved. The Bill I gave on you for 1980 Livers for the Salt is return’d to me and Distroy’d this therefore will never appear. I am Just favourd with yours of the 12th Inst. and have Accordingly Communicated your Resolution to Mr. Ross he Received it too Late to answer it by this Post and as the time is now very Short I must also beg to refer you to my Next for my particular answer. I have the honour to be yours &c &c.
JW
To The Commissioners Paris


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Desegray, Beaugeard fils & Cie., 14 July 1777
From: Desegray, Beaugeard fils & Cie.
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
St. Malo 14. Juillet 1777
Aussitôt la reception de la lettre que vous nous avez fait L’honneur de nous ecrire le 11. Courant par un exprès, nous avons remis votre incluse au Capitaine Wickes, et nous avons eté avec lui et avec le Capitaine Nicholson chez M. Guillot Commissaire General des Ports et Arsenaux de la Marine. Nous lui avons fait part de l’ordre que vous donnez aux dits Capitaines de s’expedier sur le champ pour l’amerique sans etablir aucunes Croisieres en Europe, et nous lui avons en même tems representé que ces Capitaines sont determinés à s’en tenir très exactement à vos ordres, mais qu’ils ne peuvent cependant mettre à la voile sans que leurs vaisseaux soient carênés et fournis des vivres necessaire pour leur campagne. Nous lui avons ajouté Monsieur, que ces Capitaines vont faire la plus grande diligence pour se mettre en etat de partir au premier bon vent, et qu’ils ont tout lieu d’esperer qu’ils seront expédiés sous très peu de jours. Mr. Guillot qui connoit l’état de detresse de ces Batiments a senti qu’on ne pouvoit les faire sortir avant qu’ils fussent carênés. Il nous a engage à faire travailler avec toute celerité, en nous observant qu’il a reçu depuis peu du Ministre de la Marine Les ordres les plus precis pour faire sortir de notre port ces deux Batiments, et que s’ils ne sortent pas d’ici à la fin de cette semaine, il ne pourra pas s’empêcher d’y faire proceder à toute rigueur, puisqu’autrement il seroit dans [le] cas d’etre fortement compromis. Malgré les instances de ces Capitaines et les nôtres, il n’a jamais voulu vous accorder un plus long delai que celui ci-dessus qui est cependant bien court, puisq’il s’agit de faire les preparatifs necessaires pour un voyage de l’amerique, au lieu que ces Capitaines ne songoient qu’a faire une campagne de quelques semaines. Enfin, Monsieur, nous avons donné sur le champ les ordres necessaire pour faire cuir le Biscuit et pour preparer tout les autres vivres necessaires pour ces Batiments que l’on carênera aussitôt que la mer le permettra, et vous pouvez compter que nos soins ne seront point epargnés pour remplir entierement vos desirs. Les Capitaines Wickes et Nicholson s’empressent egalement à y concourir, et ont grande envie de revoir L’Amerique. Voici, Monsieur les Lettres qu’ils vous ecrivent à cet égard. Nous sommes avec un profond respect Monsieur Vos très humbles et très Obeissants Serviteurs
Desegray, Beaugeard fils & Cie


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to [the Chevalier de Richoufftz?], 15 July 1777
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Richoufftz, Jean-Laurent-César, chevalier de

Sir,
Paris, July 15. 1777.
I this day received your Letter of the 5th Instant, wherein you request being sent to America in the Service of the United States, and that I would pay the Charges of your Passage, and give you a Commission to be an Officer in their Army. In answer I would assure you, that I am not authoris’d by the Congress to do either the one or the other, nor is there any Money put into my hands for such purposes. And knowing as I do that more Officers are already in America offering their Service than can possibly be employ’d, I should not counsel any One I had a Regard for, to undertake so long and hazardous a Voyage upon an absolute Uncertainty. I have the Honour to be, Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant
B Franklin


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to ―――, 15 July 1777
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: ——

Sir
Paris, July 15. 1777.
I received last Night yours of the 7th. Instant. From what I know of Capt. Wickes and his Carracter, I am persuaded he is not capable of the Injustice you mention, and that the Matter must have been misrepresented to you. However, being desirous not only to procure Justice, but if possible to give Satisfaction to all of this much respected Nation, who may think they have any cause of complaint against our People; and as no Judgment can well be formed by hearing one Party only, I have desired our Agent Mr. Williams now residing in Nantes, to enquire into the Affair, impartially, and report to me the Circumstances as he finds them. I have the Honour to be, &ca.
B Franklin
Complaint of Frenchman


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Silas Deane, 15 July 1777
From: Deane, Silas
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Sir,
Paris 15th. July 1777.
Inclosed is a Letter from Mr. Lee which I received last Evening, and should have sent it you this Morning but your Son informed me of your being in Town and that I should have the pleasure of seeing you; I send it for Your reflection, untill We meet this Evening. It was the first Intelligence I had of Mr. Lee’s misfortune but Mr. Grand tells Me that Mons. Le Comte Vergennes had an Account of it last Friday. I think it must be attended with serious Consequences. I am with the utmost Esteem Dear Sir your most Obedient and very humble Servant
S. Deane

Mr. Grand, and Mr. Boux, dine with me Tomorrow, and if you are not engaged pray you to honor us with your Company, and that of your Son.
I omitted sending this, the Moment it was ready, being again informed you were in Town and would call here. Mons. Beaumont was here and I send you his Letters. He this Moment left me.
9 o:Clock

Addressed: To / the honorable / Docr Franklin / Passy


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Elie de Beaumont, 15 July 1777
From: Elie de Beaumont, Jean-Baptiste-Jacques
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
Paris 15 juill. 1777. rüe de braque
Je vous prie instamment de vouloir bien m’adresser demain ou après demain une reponse pour Monsieur le Comte de Tressan. Il y a près d’un mois qu’il vous a ecrit, et vous êtes convenu avec moi le dimanche 6 de ce mois de m’ecrire deux lettres une plus courte pour lui en reponse a la sienne que je lui ferai parvenir a sa terre, et l’autre plus detaillée pour moi que je puisse lui faire lire, dans laquelle si vous ne pouvés rien faire pour sa demande, il voye au moins le regret que vous en avés.

Il m’importe beaucoup de recevoir ces deux lettres promptement afin qu’il voye bien que je n’ai pas negligé son interêt et celui de Monsieur son fils, et vous ne voudriés pas sans doute par un plus long retardement le mettre dans le cas de se plaindre de moi. J’ai l’honneur d’être avec le plus veritable attachement Monsieur votre tres humble et tres obeissant serviteur
Elie DE Beaumont

Notation: Elie de Beaumont 15. Juillet 1777.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Reculès de Basmarein & Raimbaux, 15 July 1777
From: Reculès de Basmarein & Raimbaux
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
Bordeaux le 15. Juillet 1777
Vous avés temoigné a Notre Sieur de Basmarein de Paris, des inquietudes relativement a des plaintes portées sur notre place contre les capitaines ameriquains. Nous avons fait des perquisitions pour savoir si ces reproches pouvoient etre fondés. Nous avons apris avec Joye que tout le commerce est très favorablement disposé pour ceux de Votre Nation dont il n’a qu’à se louer. Si quelques Royalistes ont ecrit, c’est en secret et cette Demarche n’est point avouée par les Negotiants. Si nous decouvrons quelques uns de ces ecrivains obscurs, nous vous les designerons, mais ils auront soin sans doute de cacher des demarches faites pour leur attirer du mépris.
Vous savés sans doute Monsieur, les nouvelles suivantes attestées par le capitaine qui nous a apris l’arrivee du Marquis de la fayette.
On a apris par un capitaine ameriquain venant de Darmouth près de Rhode Island partit le 14 Juin et arrivé ici le 12 juillet que l’armée du General Wasington jointe avec celle du General Putnam, a attaqué celle du General Howe qui avoit joint celle du General Cornwalis dans Brunsvick. Ces derniers après une resistance male et vigoureuse, ont eté obligés de ceder le champ de Bataille aux ameriquains avec perte de trois mille hommes, tant tués que blessés ou prisonniers. Le fait est certain.
Une autre nouvelle que le capitaine ne donne pas pour aussi sure (ne l’ayant sue qu’au moment de son depart par la Voye Publique) est qu’il y a eu une seconde affaire dans laquelle Wasingthon et Putnam reunis ont attaqué de nouveau et presque detruit les deux armées reunies de Howe et Cornwalis, ces derniers ayant étés obligés de se retirer a Elisabeth Town a dix mille de New-york. Ce capitaine ajoute que si cette derniere circonstance est vraie comme il la croit au moment present, il ne reste pas un seul Royaliste a New-york. Wasinghton a ecrit de sa propre main une lettre circulaire aux habitans des provinces voisines concue en ces termes.
“Mes amis voici le moment decisif et unique d’avoir Votre Liberté, que Votre interet particulier ne vous fasse pas retarder un instant de Vous rendre sous mes Drapeaux et pour peu que Vous soyés disposés a faire Votre devoir, je vous donne ma Parole de purger le continent de nos plus cruels ennemis.”
Il y a eu encorre une affaire a Siconderage o[u les] Royalistes ont étés battus. Cette affaire n’est pas [d’une] grande concequence. Nous avons l’honneur d’etre avec un profond respect et le devouement le plus entier Monsieur Vos très humbles et très obeissants serviteurs
Recules DE Basmarein ET Raimbaux

Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur franklin en son / hotel / a Passy près Paris
Notation: Recules de Basmarin et Raimbaux. Bordeaux 15e juillet 1777.