Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 5 August 1792
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

Sir
War department Sunday 5th August 1792.

Yesterday afternoon Mr Vigo arrived here from Fort Washington, and brought dispatches from Brigadiers General Putnam and Wilkinson to the 9th of July, as will appear by the abstracts of Brigadr Wilkinson’s letter of 9th July herein enclosed.
I have the honor to enclose for your consideration General Putnams letter giving his opinion of the operations proper to be

pursued—On this letter, I shall, by the next post, submit to your view some observations.
The fate of poor Trueman is but too probably sealed and perhaps that of Hardin too.
General Putnam, in his letter of the 5th of July, which principally contains the same information as that mentioned in Wilkinsons letters, states it as his opinion that a treaty ought to be concluded as soon as possible with the Wabash Indians and presents be made—Being firmly persuaded of the soundness of this opinion I shall direct the measure. It is more especially necessary as Mr Vigo informs me that the said Indians would not come even to Fort Washington much less to Philadelphia.
Brigadier Wilkinsons attention to all parts of his duty and his activity render him a great acquisition to the public.
A Banditti without any fixed residence consisting of about ten Cherokees thirty Creeks and fourteen Shawanese—Outcasts—from their respective tribes are perpetually committing depredations on the Cumberland settlements they have lately attacked a military station near Nashville and carried it twenty one men were killed or taken—But the friendly Cherokees compelled the said banditti to deliver up their prisoners amounting to Six—these are the same rascals probably who attacked Major Doughty in the Year 1789. I have this information from Mr Vigo.
The necessity of the case will justify the measure of empowering Governor Blount to call out Sixty or one hundred mounted Riflemen to cut off if possible the said Banditti—He has that number at present in service. And as he has been empowered to retain in service as many as he shall judge proper; there can be no doubt but he will keep them up as long as necessary. I have the honor to be with the greatest respect Your most obed. servant

H. Knox


Title: To George Washington from Tobias Lear, 5 August 1792
From: Lear, Tobias
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Portsmouth [N.H.] August 5th 1792.

Since I had the honor of writing to you on the 21 ultimo nothing of a public nature has occurred in this quarter of sufficient

importance to trouble you with an account of it. And being desireous of gaining all the knowledge of the sentiments of the people hereabouts respecting our public affairs, that I could obtain either personally or from the best information, I have delayed writing ’till this time in order that my account might be more full and accurate.
I have been careful to catch the observations of those who are considered men of information and influence in their respective States, with whom I have had an opportunity of being: and tho’ they are various & sometimes opposite; yet I have found them generally concurring in these points—That more good has been felt in New England from the operations of the general government than its most strenuous supporters had promised—that none of those evils which its enemies foretold had come to pass—and that the people were happy and contented under it. But these observations were generally closed with remarking, that it was yet a government of experiment, and that it would be highly proper to see the certain effects of the Systems hitherto pursued, rather than change them for others which have not yet been tried. And that it might be well to stop, for a while at least, at the point where we now are, and not push further any matters which may now be disgusting to a part of the community until that which is done shall establish its utility beyond contradiction, or until circumstances may arise to render a further advance in those measures absolutely necessary.
This town has lately been visited by many strangers from different parts of the U.S. particularly from Massachusetts, and as I have been much with them in companies, I have had frequent opportunities of hearing their opinions, and what they said they conceived to be the opinion of their State or States upon several political points. Governor Hancock has been here for these ten days past accompanied by several respectable persons of his State, among whom were Mr Attorney General Sullivan and Colo. Orne, an influential Character in the politics of Massachusetts. Mr Gore, the Attorney for that District was also in town, tho’ not of the Governor’s party. From the political character & consideration of these Gentlemen it appears very likely that they express the sentiments of the several parties in that commonwealth with respect to the general Government. I have likewise

met here Captn Spry of the British navy, Judge Burke & Mr Hazelhurst of South Carolina, Mr Hare of Philadelphia and Dr Cutting.
On the subject of the ensuing election of President and Vice-President (which now begins to be much talked of) it seems to be generally beleived that Mr Adams will have nearly all the votes of the New England States for the office which he now holds. With respect to the Chief Magistrate but one idea prevails, but one sentiment is expressed. I have not even heard the question started—Whom shall we have if the present Chief Magistrate cannot be again prevailed upon to accept the Chair? For so strongly does the necessity of his continuance appear to be impressed on the mind of everyone that no other person seems ever to have been contemplated for that office.
I mentioned in my last that the people in this quarter were perfectly satisfied with the operations of the general government, and that the good effects of it were every day becoming more & more conspicuous. I am now happy in being able to confirm this account from my own observations, so far as they have extended & from concurrent information. Ship-building, which is the principal employment of the Mechanicks in and about this place, and a primary object in Massachusetts, has encreased exceedingly within these two years, and the demand for Vessels is, notwithstanding, much greater at this moment than the supply. This is very justly imputed to the advantage which the laws give to our own ships over those of foreign nations: and I am told there has scarcely been a cargo brought into New England for these twelve months past but what has been brought in American Vessels. Some, however, who are largely concerned in Navigation, still wish for a further extension of the laws with respect to foreign vessels; but those who are not immediately interested in that business, and are therefore perhaps better judges of the matter, think such an extension would be carrying the point too far & probably injure instead of benefit our Shipping. The other mechanic Arts keep pace with ship-building—Agriculture is not behind-hand in its extension and improvements—and a spirit of enterprize with respect to inland navigation—Roads—bridges &c.—seems to pervade this part of the Country. A circulating medium sufficient to give vigor & promptitude to all kinds of business adds new life to every pursuit. But some are

apprehensive that the multiplication of Banks, for which there seems to be an insatiable rage, will ultimately throw such a quantity of paper into circulation as to produce much greater evils than would arise from the want of a sufficient medium: And many are of opinion that the issuing of bills from those Banks established under the authority of individual States militates with that clause of the Constitution of the United States which expressly restrains a State from issuing paper money.
A few days ago the Skipper of a fishing vessel belonging to this port came to me and begged leave to relate a circumstance which happened to him and a number of other fishing vessels on the coast of Nova Scotia, which he conceived amounted to an infraction of the treaty on the part of the British. He said the reason of his wishing to relate it to me was, that being informed that it would be proper to make the matter known to the President of the United States, and understanding that I was in this town he had called to communicate it to the President through me. I told him he had not chosen the proper Channel of communication for matters of this kind—that if he intended to bring it forward he must state the circumstances minutely in writing, supported by such testimony as might be proper to establish the fact, and transmit the same to the Secretary of State at Philadelphia. He thanked me for putting him in the right way and promised to pursue it: but at the same time requested I would hear the story, which he related as follows.
[“]That on his last fishing voyage, he, with a number of other fishing Vessels, went into the bay of Annapolis on the coast of Nova Scotia, to take with their seins some small fish for bait, a thing which they had always done since the Revolution (as well as before) without molestation, and conformably to the treaty; that they had scarcely come to anchor & got out their seins before a British Cutter came in—fired several shot at them, and ordered every vessel to get under sail and go out of the bay within ten minutes or she would sink them, and declaring that if ever they returned to that or any other of the bays on that Coast they should certainly be destroyed. This order they were obliged to comply with instantaniously, and by that means were prevented from obtaining bait, and consequently much injured in their Voyage.”
I am emboldened, Sir, to make these communications to you

touching our public affairs, because you expressed a wish that I should do so, and to comply with your wishes or to be in any degree serviceable to you will always constitute one of the most pleasurable duties of my life.
I have been endeavouring to learn if a respectable and well qualified person can be obtained in this part of the Country to open a private School in Philadelphia, provided a sufficient number of scholars (not exceeding 12 or 15) should be found to make it an object worthy the attention of a suitable Character; and I have reason to hope I shall find such an one. Colo. Hamilton seemed to have it much at heart to establish such a school, and several other gentlemen favored the idea—and sure I am that unless Washington can be placed at such a seminary or changed from that tract in which he has hitherto been in Philadelphia, he & his friends will have cause to regret it as long as he lives.
We intend leaving this place for Philadelphia the beginning of next month, and if we meet with no special delay shall probably reach that City about the 20th.
I must beg the favor of being presented to Mrs Washington in terms of the highest respect & gratitude: to the Major & his Lady and the Gentlemen I tender my best wishes, and my love to the Children. In these Mrs Lear joins me, and begs your acceptance of her best respects. With the highest respect, & most sincere Attachment, I have the honor to be Sir, Your grateful & Obedt Servt

Tobias Lear.


Title: To George Washington from Edmund Randolph, 5 August 1792
From: Randolph, Edmund
To: Washington, George

Dear sir
Philadelphia August 5. 1792.

I have persuaded myself, that this letter, tho’ unconnected with any official relation, and upon a subject, to the decision of which you alone are competent, will be received in the spirit, with which it is written. The Union, for the sake of which I have encountered various embarrassments, not wholly unknown to

you, and sacrificed some opinions, which, but for its jeopardy, I should never have surrendered, seems to me to be now at the eve of a crisis. It is feared by those, who take a serious interest in the affairs of the U.S., that you will refuse the chair of government at the approaching election. If such an event must happen, indulge me at least in the liberty of opening to you a course of thought, which a calm attention to the federal government has suggested, and no bias of party has influenced.
It cannot have escaped you, that divisions are formed in our politics, as systematic as those, which prevail in Great Britain. Such, as opposed the constitution from a hatred to the Union, can never be conciliated by any overture or atonement. By others it is meditated to push the construction of fœderal powers to every tenable extreme. A third class, republican in principle, and thus far, in my judgment, happy in their discernment of our welfare, have notwithstanding mingled with their doctrines a fatal error, that the state-assemblies are to be resorted to, as the Engines of correction to the fœderal administration. The honors, belonging to the chief-magistracy are objects of no common solicitude to a few, who compose a fourth denomination.
The ferment, which might be naturally expected from these ingredients, does actually exist. The original enemies not only affect to see a completion of their malignant prophecies; but are ready to improve every calumny, to the disgrace of the government. To their corps are, or will be added in a great measure the mistaken friends of republicanism; while the favourers of the high tone are strenuous in the prosecution of their views.
The real temper, however, of the people, is, I believe, strictly right at this moment. Their passions have been tried in every possible shape. After the first tumult, excited by the discussion of the constitution, had abated, several acts of congress became the theme of abuse. But they have not yet felt oppression; and they love order too much, to be roused into a deliberate commotion, without the intervention of the most wicked artifices. They will, it is true, be told at the meeting of every state-legislature, that congress have usurped. But this, if unfounded, will be ascribed to the violence of those, who wish to establish a belief, that they alone can save the individual states from the general vortex, by being elected into the fœderal councils.
It is much to be regretted, that the judiciary, in spite of their

apparent firmness in Annulling the pension-law, are not, what some time hence they will be, a resource against the infractions of the constitution, On the one hand, and a Steady asserter of the fœderal rights, on the other. So crude is our judiciary System, so jealous are state-judges of their authority, so ambiguous is the language of the constitution, that the most probable quarter, from which an alarming discontent may proceed, is the rivalship of those two orders of judges. The main superiority of talents in the fœderal judges, (if indeed it were admitted) cannot be presumed to counterbalance the real talents, and full popularity of their competitors. At this instant too, it is possible, that the fœderal judges may not be so forgetful of their connection with the state-governments, as to be indifferent about the continuance of their old interest there. This, I suspect, has on some occasions produced an abandonment of the true authorities of the government Besides; many severe experiments, the result of which upon the public mind, cannot be foreseen, await the judiciary. States are brought into court, as defendants to the claims of land companies, and of individuals: british debts rankle deeply in the hearts of one part of the U.S: and the precedent, fixed by the condemnation of the pension-law, if not reduced to its precise principles, may justify every constable in thwarting the laws.
In this threatening posture of our affairs, we must gain time, for the purpose of attracting confidence in the government by an experience of its benefits, and that man alone, whose patronage secured the adoption of the constitution, can check the assaults, which it will sustain at the two next sessions of congress.
The fiscal arrangements will have various degrees and kinds of ill-humour to encounter. Objectionable as they were at first to myself in many respects; yet am I assured, that they cannot now be changed without a convulsion to public credit. Can any new project be suggested, free from blemish? Have not the clamors of the people concerning the assumption Subsided? Can any tax be substituted for the excise, without rekindling those very complaints, which the excise has generated, but which have now almost died away? If any thing can prevent machinations, like these, it will be a reverance for your official character; if any thing can crush them, it will be your negative.
Another of the efforts, meditated against the public debt, is to

destroy its irredeemability. I sincerely wish, that this quality had never been given to it. But how can we tread back the ground, on which the European money-holders have been led into our funds? The injury to the U.S. can never amount to more, than the difference between the interest, which we pay, and some lower rate, at which perhaps we might borrow to discharge the debt. Borrow we must for such an object; since the sum, which we are free to wipe off according to our stipulation, is equal to our own present ability. And is this chance of advantage a sufficient temptation, on which to hazard our halffledged reputation? What would you say, Sir, if for this purpose a land-tax should be laid, by Congress which shall not take effect, unless the states should neglect to raise the money by their own laws? I think, it would soon be discovered, that such a measure would insensibly restore requisitions. These evils are also within the scope of your controul. It will be a great point gained, that the judiciary Topics should be rendered as mild as possible. Such of them, as are likely to be most obnoxious, will in four years more be finished. The judges will be more cautious, with the eye of an independent executive, upon them. States and individuals will acquiesce in their judgments with more complacency, when they cordially believe that the existing executive watches over the public safety with impartiality.
The fuel, which has been already gathered for combustion, wants no addition. But how awfully might it be increased, were the violence, which is now suspended by an universal submission to your pretensions, let loose by your resignation. Those fœderalists, who can espouse Mr Clinton against Mr Adams, as Vice-President, will not hesitate at a more formidable game. Permit me, then, in the fervor of a dutiful and affectionate attachment to you, to beseech you to penetrate the consequences of a dereliction of the reins. The constitution would never have been adopted, but from a knowledge, that you had once sanctified it, and an expectation, that you would execute it. It is in a state of probation. The most inauspicious struggles are past; but the public deliberations need stability. You alone can give them stability. You suffered yourself to yield, when the voice of your country summoned you to the administration. Should a civil war arise, you cannot stay at home. And how much easier will it be, to disperse the factions, which are rushing to this catastrophe,

than to Subdue them, after they shall appear in arms? It is the fixed opinion of the world, that you surrender nothing incomplete.
I am not unapprized of many disagreeable sensations, which have laboured in your breast. But let them Spring from any cause whatsoever, of one thing I am sure, (and I speak this from a satisfactory inquiry, lately made.) tho if a second opportunity shall be given to the people of shewing the⟨ir⟩ gratitude, they will not be less unanimous than before. I have the honor to be, dear Sir, with the most respectful affection Yr obliged ob. serv.

Edm: Randolph.


Title: To George Washington from Salamon Coen Bacri, 6 August 1792
From: Bacri, Salamon Coen
To: Washington, George

 Livorno [Tuscany], 6 Aug. 1792. Suggests that his family, because of its influence over and ties to the court of the Dey of Algiers, could assist in restoring peace between the United States and the Dey and in effecting the release of the American mariners held captive at Algiers. Bacri offers to advise the American plenipotentiary about how best to conduct

his negotiations with the Dey so as to bring their discussions to a mutually satisfactory conclusion.


Title: To George Washington from Richard Chichester, 6 August 1792
From: Chichester, Richard
To: Washington, George

Newington [Va.] 6th Augt 1792.

Richard Chichester’s Respectful Compliments to his Excellency George Washington Esqr., President of the United States of America, humbly Requesting his favour of Permission to hunt that Small Skirt of woods Just around the Tenement whereon William Gray lives, as his lameness &c. Renders it Impracticable to Amuse himself in that line, only, where there’s a Road to Drive in A chair to the Stands—Which, if Permitted, Shall be Done without Injury to any Person Whatever.


Title: To George Washington from George Muter, 6 August 1792
From: Muter, George
To: Washington, George

Sir
Kentucky, Woodford County Augt 6th 1792.

I have served seven years, as chief Justice for the District of Kentucky, and I beleive I have given general satisfaction: but, in

the appointments for the court of Appeals for our new state, I have been left out, & appointed for the court of Oyer & Terminer, which, if it continues agreeable to it’s present establishment, will be of little consequence, and the judges will have little to do. The reason assigned for my being left out is, that, it would be improper the court of Appeals should consist of the judges of the former supreme court, on account of the appeals which may arise from that court to the present court of Appeals; but, as one of the former judges, is now a judge of the court of Appeals, & the other judges taken from the bar of the former court, & it is probable that, there will be but very few appeals, this is thought by some, not to be the true reason of my being left out.
As I wish to serve my country for a few years longer, and would in the present state of our affairs, prefer serving the united States, I am induced to offer you my services as judge of the Fœderal court, in this state, if mr Innes should resign, which it is probable he will do, as he is appointed the chief Justice of the court of Appeals.
Should you think proper to appoint me judge of the Fœderal court, you may depend on my executing the duties of my office, with assiduity & integrity. I have the honour to be Sir Your most hle servant

George Muter


Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 7 August 1792
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

Sir
War department August 7th 1792

I have just been honored with yours of the first instant.
The papers which you have been pleased to require shall be transmitted by the post of Monday next.
The communications last received from Fort Washington were such, that I thought it proper Major General Wayne should be possessed thereof by express in order to enable him to form a proper judgment of the measures to be pursued.

I have the honor to enclose you copies of my letters of this date to Generals Wayne and Putnam.
Any observations which you shall please to make thereon will be respectfully received.
I have also the honor to enclose you copies of Israel Chapins letters of the 18 of July—He appears to have conducted with great propriety and zeal.
I am inclined to believe Major Fish would not accept the Office of Adjutant General—I am not well informed how Coll Posey would answer for that office; but if his industry and talents at arrangements are equal to his character for bravery—he would be an acquisition to the service.
Major Gaither will sail on Thursday or Friday—he has been detained for a vessel—his instructions will be pointed as to the preservation of the peace. I have the honor to be Sir Your obedient Servant.

H. Knox


Title: From George Washington to Richard Chichester, 8 August 1792
From: Washington, George
To: Chichester, Richard

Sir,
Mount Vernon Augt 8th 1792

On my return home I found your note of the 6th & Mr Whiting shewed me the letter you had written to him on the same subject the next day.
When the first came to this place I was from home, & when the second was presented to me I was too much engaged to write myself, but desired Mr Whiting to inform you of my objections as I should do as soon [as] I had leisure.
I should feel no dis-inclination, Sir, to comply with your request could I be of opinion that any other than my domestic deer were to be found in the skirt of Wood you wish to drive—or that the probability of finding one of these did not greatly exceed that of rousing any other. I have about a dozen deer (some of which are of the common sort) which are no longer confined in the Paddock which was made for them, but range in all my woods, & often pass my exterior fence.
It is true I have scarcely a hope of preserving them long, although they come up almost every day, but I am unwilling by any act of my own to facilitate their destruction; for being as much affraid of Hounds (on which acct I parted with all mine) as the wild deer are—and no man living being able (as they have no collars on) to distinguish them whilst they are running from the wild deer, I might, & assuredly should have them killed by this means. For this reason as it can be no object since Mr Fairfax, I am informed, is unwilling to have his Woods at Belvoir hunted, I am desirous of preserving mine. I am—Sir Yr Most Obedt Servt

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Francis Deakins and Benjamin Jones, 8 August 1792
From: Washington, George
To: Deakins, Francis,Jones, Benjamin

Gentlemen,
Mount Vernon Augt 8th 1792.

You are requested to fix a valuation on that part of Woodstock Manor in Montgomery County which shall be assigned as the part of Mrs Sophia Mercer, as soon as convenient to you; & should there be no division take place within three months from this date between the Legatees of the late Mr Thos Sprigg, you are requested to form your Estimate on the average value of the whole tract—in affixing a price you will estimate what the Land wou’d now sell for in ready money, & should you differ in your opinions, you are requested to choose some third person who may determine as an umpire—in doing which you will much oblige Gentn yr hble Servants

George Washington
John Fs Mercer


Title: Bartholomew Dandridge to Robert Lewis, 8 August 1792
From: Dandridge, Bartholomew
To: Lewis, Robert

Sir,
Mount Vernon 8th Augt 1792

Being in Richmond last week Mr P. Lyons jur, who does business for John Hopkins, Esqr. put into my hands for the President U:S. some public paper which had been funded by you some considerable time ago. He has requested of the Prest a rect which was given you at the time, for the Certificates; & the President, supposing it must be in your possession, directs me to desire you will forward it to him by the first safe conveyance that it may be returned to Mr Hopkins. I am Sir Yr mo: Obt Servt

Bw Dandridge


Title: To George Washington from the Supreme Court Justices, 9 August 1792
From: Supreme Court Justices
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Philadelphia 9th August 1792.

Your official connection with the Legislature and the consideration that applications from us to them, cannot be made in any manner so respectful to Government as through the President, induce us to request your attention to the enclosed representation and that you will be pleased to lay it before the Congress.
We really, Sir, find the burthens laid upon us so excessive that we cannot forbear representing them in strong and explicit terms.
On extraordinary occasions we shall always be ready, as good Citizens, to make extraordinary exertions; but while our Country enjoys prosperity, and nothing occurs to require or justify such severities, we cannot reconcile ourselves to the idea of existing in exile from our families, and of being subjected to a kind of life, on which we cannot reflect, without experiencing sensations and emotions, more easy to conceive than proper for us to express. With the most perfect respect, esteem, and Attachment,

we have the honor to be, Sir, Your most Obedient and most humble Servants,

John Jay
William Cushing
James Wilson
John Blair
James Iredell
Thomas Johnson.


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Hamilton, 10 August 1792
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Treasury Departmt Augt 10th 1792.

I have been duly honored with your Letters of the 1st and 5th instant. A copy of the latter is enclosed according to your desire.
You may depend upon it, Sir, that nothing shall be wanting in this Department to furnish all requisite supplies for the Army with efficiency & œconomy, and to bring to exact account all persons concerned in them as far as shall consist with the powers of the Department. Hitherto monies have been furnished to the War department, as they have been called for, for procuring all

those articles which had not been objects of direct Contract with the Treasury. And I learn from the Secretary of War that every thing is in great maturity.
Under the former system, provisions and clothing were the only Articles which the Treasury had the charge of procuring; the receiving, issueing, & inspecting their quality belonged to the Department of War by usage.
The Act of the last Session, entitled “An Act making alterations in the Treasury and War Departments” prescribes that all purchases and Contracts for all Supplies for the use of the Department of War, be made by or under the direction of the Treasury Department.
As much progress had been made in preparations for the Campaign, prior to the passing of this Act, by the Secretary at War, I thought it best to continue the business under his immediate care for some time—’till in fact all the arrangements begun should be compleated. It is now, however, determined that on the first of September the business of procuring all supplies will be begun under the immediate direction of the Treasury, upon Estimates and Requisitions from time to time furnished and made by the Department of War.
The arrangement which is contemplated for this purpose is the following—Provisions and Clothing will be provided as heretofore by Contracts made by the Secretary of the Treasury, pursuant to previous Advertisements. Articles in the Quarter Master’s Department will be to be procured by him or his Agents or Deputies; for which purpose advances of money will be made to him directly, to be accounted for to the Treasury by him. Ordnance stores, Indian Goods and all contingent supplies will be procured by an Agent who will be constituted for the purpose with an allowance of Eight hundred Dollars a year in lieu of Commission. Accounts for his purchases in every case in which it can conveniently be done (which will comprehend the greatest number of cases) will be settled immediately with the Treasury and the money paid directly to the Individuals. In other cases, advances on Account will be made to the Agent, to be accounted for directly to the Treasury.
A leading object of this arrangment is to exempt the Officers, both of the War and Treasury Departments, from the ill-natured suspicions which are incident to the actual handling and disbursment

of Public Money. None of the interior officers of either department, except the Treasurer, will have any concern with it.
The supplies of every kind will be delivered to the order of the Department of War. The issuing of them & the accounting for the issues (except as to provisions which are directly issued by the Contractors to the Troops & which are proved to the Treasury upon vouchers prescribed for the purpose) appertain to the Department of War. The Regulations, which have been adopted for the purpose, will no doubt be early reported to you by the Secretary at War; as well as those which have been concerted with the Treasury respecting the paying & accounting for the pay of the Troops.
I beg leave to assure you that in the application of the general arrangement which you have adopted respecting the execution of the Act concerning distilled Spirits, the greatest attention will be paid to œconomy as far as the precautions of the Treasury can ensure it.
I presume it to have been your intention that the opinion of the Attorney General should be taken as to the Power of the President to appoint the supplementary Officers contemplated during the recess of the Senate; which shall accordingly be done.
It affords me much satisfaction to observe that your mind has anticipated the decision to enforce the Law, in case a refractory spirit should continue to render the ordinary & more desirable means ineffectual. My most deliberate reflections have led me to conclude, that the time for acting with decision is at hand: and it is with pleasure, I can add, that an encreasing acquiescence is likely to render this course the less difficult in the cases in which an uncomplying temper may finally prevail.
I shall without delay execute your directions respecting the Officers of Cutters. With the highest respect and the truest attachment I have the honor to be &c.

Alexander Hamilton


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Hamilton, 11 August 1792
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Washington, George

Sir
Philadelphia Aug. 11. 1792

I have already written to you to go by this Post. This is barely to inform you, that I have made the communication you desired to Mr Kean, who promises every possible exertion—and that Mr Langdon has been here about a fortnight. With perfect respect & attachment I have the honor to be Sir Your obedient servant

A. Hamilton

P.S. I have made progress in certain answers; but shall scarcely be ready to send them before next Monday’s Post.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 12 August 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Monticello [Va.] Aug. 12. 1792.

I have the honor to inclose you two letters lately recieved from mister Barclay. under another cover also I send to the Commissioners, open for your examination, a plan for a Capitol from mister Blodget, which came by the last post. you will see, by that, the use of the paper of which I presented you a few sheets, Blodget’s plan being on a sheet I had given him. it renders the use of a scale & dividers unnecessary.
I had thought my self secure of a weekly conveyance of letters, by the establishment of a private post here, till the public one could get into motion. but of 4. post-days since my return, he has missed three. mister Davies is however endeavoring to procure a public rider. we have had abundant rains since my return, which were necessary to bring on our corn. some appearances of weavil give us apprehensions for our wheat, and increase the wishes for a machine which would enable us to get it out within the months of July & August. I have the honor to be with perfect respect and attachment Dr Sir Your most obedient & most humble servt

Th: Jefferson


Title: From George Washington to William Deakins, Jr., 13 August 1792
From: Washington, George
To: Deakins, William Jr.

Sir,
Mount Vernon Augt 13th 1792.

The letter herewith enclosed is left open for your private perusal, and transmission. Two motives prompt me to this measure—the first is, the christian name of a Mr Jones, high sheriff of Montgomery County, the person intended to be associated with your brother in the business referred to them in the said letter, was unknown to Colo. Mercer and myself: the second, that before his name should be inserted, I might be ascertained from some person in whom I could place confidence—that Mr Jones is a gentleman of good character—not interested in fixing the price at more than the land would actually sell at for ready money; & who will decide impartially between Colo. Mercer & myself; for it is to be considered by these Gentlemen, that it is to all intents & purposes a ready money bargain.
I made choice of your brother Colo. Francis Deakins, to say what the Cash price of the Land shall be. Mr Jones was the choice of Colo. Mercer, but his name by consent was to be withheld for the reasons above mentioned, as I had never heard of the Gentleman until he was brought forward on this occasion.
I do not wish to delay the insertion of his name until I hear from you: on the contrary, if in your opinion Mr Jones comes under the description I have required, I pray you to add his name to that of your Brother’s, in the enclosed Letter, then seal, direct & forward it to the latter, that the business may be brought to a close as soon as it can be with convenience. I am, Sir, &c. &c.

G: Washington.


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Jefferson, 13 August 1792
From: Washington, George
To: Jefferson, Thomas

Dear Sir,
Mount Vernon Augt 13th 1792.

Since my last to you dated the 23d of July, I have received the second epistle of Govr Chittendon, enclosing a copy of the Lieutt Governor of Canada’s letter to him; but as he does not in that letter acknowledge the receipt of the One which went to him from the Secretary of State’s Office the motives which suspended an answer to his first letter still exist, unless he has given the information required of him immediately to yourself; however, that you may have the whole matter before you, to answer when you are possessed of all the facts which relate to the Subject, I forward the Governors last letter to me, as I also do that from Colo. Humphreys to you, covered by yours of the 30th Ulto. I am Dear Sir Yr Affecte

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 13 August 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

 Monticello [Va.] 13 Aug. 1792. Sends “the inclosed letters which the tardy movement of the Post did not bring to him till yesterday evening, a day later than he should have arrived.”


Title: To George Washington from Edmund Randolph, 13 August 1792 [letter not found]
From: Randolph, Edmund
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Edmund Randolph, 13 Aug. 1792. On 26 Aug., GW wrote Randolph “to acknowledge the receipt of your favors of the 5th & 13th instt.”


Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 16 August 1792
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

Sir
War department August 16th 1792

I have the honor to submit a copy of a Letter from Brigadier General Putnam of the 14th Ultimo, & another of the same date from Brigadier General Wilkinson containing enclosures. and I shall transmit copies of the several papers which have been received, to Major General Wayne, as I conceive it highly proper for him to be informed of every thing relative to the objects of his command.
I confess I think the accuracy of the information of the prisoners to be questioned—their sphere of observation must have been very small indeed—I think however there cannot be a doubt about Trueman.
We may expect to hear of the reception of Captain Hendricks daily, as he probably arrived at the Miami River of Lake Erie about the latter end of June.
That the Shawanese and some others are inveterate, I have no doubt, but I think if they have fairly explained to them the ample message sent by Trueman, that the mass of the hostile Indians will probably accede to a Treaty—But in any event the Executive of the United States will be considered by all impartial and moderate men as having taken every rational expedient to bring matters to an amicable termination.
I intimated to General Wayne some time since that the lateness of the Season would probably render it inexpedient to employ any Chickesaws or Choctaws this year.
I have the honor to transmit a copy of my letter to Governor Blount of the 15th instant.
The affairs in the South Western quarter are in a very ill position if Colonel Arthur Campbells letter is to be entirely credited—I have the honor to enclose a copy of his Letter to Lieut. Governor Wood who transmitted it to me.
The Governor of Virginia set out on the 25th Ultimo for the South Western frontier.
Since writing the above I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your favour of the 13th instant—the letter of General Putnam relative to the post on the Muskingum and the Fish
    error.  TJM-->

Carriers Speech are now enclosed. I have the honor to be with the greatest respect Your most obedt servt

H. Knox


Title: To George Washington from James McHenry, 16 August 1792
From: McHenry, James
To: Washington, George

Sir.
Fayetteville [Md.] 16 Augt 1792.

I had the honor to recieve your letter of the 13th yesterday.
The business of the maritime court as you remark requires that the district attorney should be a resident of Baltimore. With respect to Mr Tilghman and Hammond both stand extremely fair

in politics, and would either settle here would be acceptable. The former will sooner yield to transient circumstances than the latter who as far as I have known him seems to possess a fixedness of thinking in the discharge of public trusts that renders him in my eyes a valuable man. I have more than once endeavoured to persuade Mr Craike to settle in Baltimore where I beleive he would soon acquire practice. I have promised him such interest as I can exert. If he would remove thither I think him qualified, tho’ not in a higher degree than either Mr Smith or Mr Hollingsworth. As to these gentlemen the public opinion would be in favor of Mr Smith. He is more steady, cautious, industrious and painstaking than Mr Hollingsworth, and has obtained a character of perhaps greater probity in his profession. Mr Hollingsworth is more of a wit and not less of a lawyer. Marriage has corrected some of his levities and study must make him a much superior lawyer to Mr Smith, whose medeocrity of talents will for ever preclude from eminence at the bar. But all things considered (if a resident of Baltimore is preferr’d) political opinions character, connexions and present qualifications Mr Smith seems to me the most eligible. This being the case and you wishing to know whether if appointed he would accept I fell in with him yesterday evening. I mentioned to him what was true, that I had been told Mr Hollingsworth was desirous of having the appointment, and might call on me for a recommendation; that I therefore wished to know whether he would accept if appointed in which case I should sign nothing that could stand in his way. He told me he would accept and confirmed it this morning.
It is to be lamented that the best qualified man in the State is the last person who merits this appointment. I mean Mr Luther Martin. Very few of his description have so far altered their principles as to be safely trusted with power.
Mr Paca told me the other day that Col. Lloyd and he intended to pay you a visit about the 1st Septr Col. Lloyd you know is a good man of some influence and vast property. If he makes the visit it will afford you the occasion to speak of the necessity of gentlemen like him using their opportunities to remove any misrepresentations respecting the laws which may be made to the people to answer electioneering or other purposes. I think you can produce it by a happy effect upon him while it may serve as an admonition to Mr Paca not to interfere in Mr Mercers election, who is if possible more desperately mischievous than when the

open decided and declared enemy of the constitution, and for whom Mr Paca may perhaps retain some regard.
May god bless you and long preserve you in your present station. I am my ever Dear Sir most sincerely and truely your affectionate

James McHenry

Perhaps it would be proper to destroy this communication?


Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 17 August 1792
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

Sir,
War department August 17th 1792

I have received a letter from General Wayne of the 10th instant of which the enclosed is a copy.
Every thing he has requested has been forwarded excepting a full supply of blankets & shoes for the old regiments and clothing for about one company of the old troops, which number is deficient as not standing the rigid inspection which has been made.
The powder he requests is a fine grained powder, which, in his opinion, will prime the musket from within, on the cartridge being rammed down and the touch hole being enlarged.
I have complied with his request, reluctantly, so far as to order forty quarter barrells—The Powder sent him has been brought from West Point and is as good as ever was made, or used—I have had every barrell proved. The grain of the Rifle Powder is sufficiently fine, but not quite so fine as General Wayne requires.
I shall set off for New York in the Morning to be absent a few days. I have the honor to be with perfect respect Your most obedt Servant

H. Knox secy of war


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Hamilton, 18 August 1792
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Washington, George

Sir
Philadelphia Aug. 18. 1792

I am happy to be able, at length, to send you, answers to the objections, which were communicated in your letter of the 29th of July.
They have unavoidably been drawn in haste, too much so, to do perfect justice to the subject, and have been copied just as they flowed from my heart and pen, without revision or correction. You will observe, that here and there some severity appears—I have not fortitude enough always to hear with calmness, calumnies, which necessarily include me, as a principal Agent in the measures censured, of the falsehood of which, I have the most unqualified consciousness. I trust that I shall always be able to bear, as I ought, imputations of errors of Judgment; but I acknowledge that I cannot be entirely patient under

charges, which impeach the integrity of my public motives or conduct. I feel, that I merit them in no degree: and expressions of indignation sometimes escape me, in spite of every effort to suppress them⟨.⟩ I rely on your goodness for the proper allowance. With high respect and the most affectionate attachment, I have the honor to be Sir Your most Obedient & humble servant

Alexander Hamilton


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 19 August 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

Sir
Monticello Aug. 19. 1792.

I was yesterday honored with your’s of the 13th inst. covering the Governor of Vermont’s of July 16. I presume it cannot now be long before I shall receive his answer to the two letters I wrote him from Philadelphia on the same subject. I now inclose letters received by yesterday’s post from mister Hammond, mister William Knox, and mister Paleske, with answers to the two latter. should these meet your approbation, you will be so good as to seal and let them go on under the cover to mister Taylor, who will have them co⟨nvey⟩ed according to their address. should you wish an alteration of them, it shall be made on their being returned. the Prussian treaty is, I believe, within four years of it’s expiration. I suspect that personal motives alone induce mister Palaske to press for a convention which could hardly be formed & ratified before it would expire; and that his court cannot lay much stress on it. mister Hammond’s former explanations of his notification of the 12th of April, having been laid before Congress,

may perhaps make it proper to communicate to them also his sovereign’s approbation of them. I have the honor to be with sentiments of the most perfect respect & attachment, Sir, your most obedt & most humble servt

Th: Jefferson


Title: From George Washington to Henry Knox, 19 August 1792
From: Washington, George
To: Knox, Henry

Sir
Mount Vernon Augt 19th 1792

In my letter of the 15th I promised you my sentiments on Mr Seagroves communications; and though I am not enabled to do it so fully as I could wish, I shall nevertheless give them as fully as I can.
His letters, and the enclosures there in contained, with the evidence in support, go to points, which may be classed under six heads.
1st—Spanish interference, to prevent the treaty between the United States & the Creek Nation from being carried into effect—To accomplish which, these Indians, together with the Cherokees, chicasaws & Chactaws, are envited to a grand Council at Pensacola; where, if they will attend, it is intimated to them, they shall be furnished with Arms, Ammunition, & goods of all sorts. An Agent of Spain, (a Captn Oliver) who is established at little Tallassee in the Creek Nation, & supposed to be acting in concert with McGillivray, has forbid their running the line that was established by treaty with these people; promising them the support of Spain against any measures which may be pursued by the U. States, in case of their refusal—and in a word, aided by McGillivray & Panton, is stimulating all the Southern Indians to acts of hostilities against the United States; to facilitate which

he is distributing goods, & holding talks with the chiefs. Three things, it is said, will be attempted at the proposed meeting in Pensacola—1st to established Posts in the Indian Country—2d To fix three Agents amongst them, of whom McGillivray is to be the principal; & 3d to exclude the Citizens of the United States from having any trade with these Indians—To carry the whole of this plan into effect, it is further said that five Regimts of about 600 men each & a large quantity of Ordnance & Stores are actually arrived from old Spain, & the like number of Troops are expected from the Havanna; and suspns are alive, that the Capture of Bowles, was a preconcerted scheme between the Spanh Govt & himself.
2d—The turbulant disposition of the settlers on the Western frontier of Georgia—and their endeavors (as appear by the declaration of Colo. Alexander—and others which could be adduced)—to oppose the measures of the General Government; and to bring on a War between the United States and the Creek Nation, with the nefarious means practiced by them to accomplish this project and the effect it has had upon the latter; who are affraid, though generally well disposed towards the U. States and in all their public talks have given strong assurances of their intention to execute the treaty, to meet at the Rock landing on the Oconee in the vicinity of these characters.
3d—His conditional engagement to meet the lower Creeks on the head of St Marys River in November next—His opinion that with more extensive powers, and a larger field to display in, he should be able, not only to counteract the unprovoked interference of the Spaniards by keeping the Indians in our Interest, but could even engage them to Act for us, if circumstances should make it desirable—but to do this he must be furnished with goods, and be authorised to distribute them as occasions should require. That but for his endeavors to support the authority of McGillivray, & to reinstate him in the good opinion of his Nation who began to see into his views, and nine tenths of it to dispise him, this might have been in a more progressive state, than it is at present.
4th—The necessity of restricting the licenses of Traders—and passes to people of other descriptions; who, under various pretences (but oftentimes with bad intentions) go into the Indian

Villages—And of the expediency, & the advantages which would result, from having proper forms for both, with checks, to prevent counterfeits and impositions on the Indians.
5th—The probable consequence of a severe drought, to the Indians—and the policy of relieving them from impending famine.
6th—The intemperence of Major Call—His improper conduct in raising three troops of horse with promise of paymt from the Genl Government—leaving a party on the So. Western frontier of Georgia without an Officer, or even a Sergeant—And the Agents opinion of the necessity of a respectable force on the So. Western frontier of that State & the little use of them in their present Stations.
These heads, as well as I can recollect, contain the substance of Mr Seagroves communication, on which I give the following sentiments & observations.
1st—The conduct of Spain in this business is so unprovoked (by any event that has come to my knowledge)—so misterious—and so hostile in appearance, that although the evidence is strong, and corroborated by a variety of information through a variety of channels, and even confirmed by McGillivray himself, yet the mind can scarcely realise a proceedure so base & inhuman as the encouraging (not only without the exhibition of complaint, but under professions of good neighbourhood & friendship towards us) a war which must expose helpless women & children to the relentless fury of Savages, & to the cruelties of the Tomahawk & Scalping knife. But the evidence of their intreigues to set aside the treaty, & to exclude the U. States from having trade or intercourse with the Southern Indians, will scarcely admit of a doubt; and there is but too much reason to suspect that McGillivray has an agency in promoting these measures.
My opinion therefore is, that the Commissioners of Spain, in Philadelphia, shd be informed, delicately, & perhaps informally (until matters can be more fully investigated, or developed) that though we are ready to acquit the Spanish government of measures so unfriendly to the U. States, yet that the evidence of these proceedings in some of its Officers, is too strong to admit of a doubt, & of too important a nature to pass over in silence. That it creates serious alarm in the minds of our Citizens in the Southern quarter, and gives much trouble to the Government of the

U. States; which has no views incompatible with good faith towards Spain, and with justice and honor towards the Indns.
Something to this effect was written, or spoken to these Gentlemen by the Secretary of State on the first representation of this matter from the Southern Agent for Indian Affairs, but what notice was taken of it by them, or whether any, I do not recollect to have been informed. Enquiry, however, should be made—but whether the documents respecting it are to be found in his Office, or are deposited among the private transactions in his own keeping, is uncertain: in the latter case no information can be obtained in time.
2d—My opinion on this head is, that Governor Tellfair should be written to, and informed in delicate, but in firm & unequivocal terms—That the United States from a concatination of causes, are so delicately circumstanced as to render Peace in the Southern quarter indispensably necessary, if it be possible to preserve it upon just, & honorable terms. That Government has received information unequivocal in its nature, of designs in some of the frontier Inhabitants of Georgia, not only to impede, but absolutely to oppose running the line which was agreed upon as a boundary between that State & the Creeks; and, of conduct in some of them, tending to provoke war, rather than to promote peace with these Indians—That it was (and subsequent events have proved it) with great difficulty that the boundary then agreed on could be obtained—That now it has become a law of the Land; and if the Indians can be prevailed on to carry it into execution it must be enforced—And lastly, to exhort him, by every motive to peace & good order, that he would use his influence & address to repress all turbulent & illegal proceedings in this behalf, as the consequences cannot fail to be distressing from a contrary conduct.
3d—Although the opinions, and propositions of the Southern Agent ought, in this case, to be received with a due degree of caution, inasmuch as he is removing the theatre of action from the Rock landing to his own (or brothers store) at the head of St Marys—covering thereby that frontier, where his interest is more immediately affected—building his own consequence upon the ruins of another as occasion & circumstances may require—Acquiring a power to distribute goods (which, tho’ limited, & issued under certn restrictions, may nevertheless be

abused)—Investing him with more ample power to act from the circumstances of the moment—I say, notwithstanding the liability of abuse in some, or all of these cases; I am of opinion from the circumstances which exist, & press, and from the delay which would result from references at the distance He is from the Seat of the Government, that he ought, as far as I have power to give them, to be instructed To—hold a meeting with the Indian Chiefs at the time & place mentiond in his letter of the 27th ulto—and—That he should—under defined restrictions—have authority given him—to distribute goods as circumstances, & his own judgment shall dictate. That he ought to counteract the nefarious schemes of Spain by all the influence & address he is master of. That if, upon further, & more unequivocal proof, McGillivrays duplicity & treachery should appear more evident; that he is, in that case, to destroy, as far as it is in his power, the consequence of that man in the Creek nation; and, as the most effectual step towards it, & serving the U: States, to take, if he can, his place in the Nation.
4th—The propriety of this restrictive proposition is apparent—but to draw the line is difficult. To vest it solely (which I believe wd be the least evil) with the Indian Agents, wd encrease their consequence amazingly, & would, in a man[ne]r, give them, if they are indirectly engaged in Trade, a monopoly thereof; and all other intercourse with the Indians: and in the instance before us, would create much Jealousy & disgust in the Executive of the State of Georgia. Under this impression of my sentiments, decide as shall appear best, upon a full view of the case.
The idea of an engraving with the proposed check, to prevent counterfeit passes & impositions, is a good thought, and merits adoption.
5th—If the Indians should be reduced to the deplorable State which is apprehended, by an Act of Providence which human foresight is unable to avert; It is my opinion that we ought, if they exhibit signs of good dispositions towards us, as well from motives of policy as those of humanity, to afford them relief. But the power of the Executive to do this—the state of the treasury—the extent of the evil—& the consequences of giving to one Nation & not to all, if it should be asked—are matters to be considered before any explicit assurance is given, that Supplies will be granted.
6th—There can be no doubt of the propriety of bringing Major

Call before a Genl Court Martial for his intemperate conduct—for authorising the raising of three troops of Horse at the expence of the Union (unless as commanding officer he was instructed, or empowered to do it; of which I have no recollection)—and for leaving a party of Soldiers on the So. Westn frontier without an Officer, or even a sergeant to comd & provide for them.
As to the necessity of having a respectable force on the South western frontier of Georgia, and of the little use of those on the more western part of the State no reasons are assigned for either, by which a judgment can be formed; & havg no accurate map of that Country with me, I am unable to give any other sentimt on either of these points, than that (for the reason which has been given under another hd) this measure should be decided on with caut[ion].
I do not give these opinions, or any one of them as decisive, or as directions to be implicitly followed; because that would render deliberation, & the request contained in my letter of the 15th, nugatory. They are given as crude & indigested first thoughts, only; to be closely examined, & compared & combined with other information which may be found in the public Offices, and the letters & Instructions, draughted accordingly.
Let these (except the communication if any to the Comrs of Spain) pass through my hands unsealed—I am persuaded there will be no delay on acct of disapprobation, & consequent alterations. The Express not expecting (as he says) to have proceeded further than Mount Vernon, will want a supply of money to take him back—to be accounted for with the Indian Agent. He has already received two guineas from me.
I presume Mr Seagrove would wish to be placed upon some more permanent establishment with respect to his pay; but if there be any doubt of my power to fix this, & to render his Office more stable, matters (with assurances that his Services will neither pass unnoticed, or unrewarded) must remain as they are until the meeting of Congress: And as he appears to have acted with zeal and intelligence, he ought to be informed of the satisfaction his conduct has given; & to be requested in a particular, & pointed manner, to have someone or more persons in whom entire confidence can be placed (as well in their abilities, as fidelity) to attend the meeting at Pensacola—to watch the motions of Oliver—and to be informed precisely—and accurately—of

the Spanish movements in both East and West Florida. Money (reasonably bestowed) must not be spared to accomplish these objects.
What is become of the Surveyor—Ellicot—& what is proper to be done with him? he ought not to be retained in that Country at a certain expence, awaiting a very uncertain event.
I did not think of it when I was writing my letter of the 15th but now request that the Attorney General may be called on to aid with his sentiments in the several matters which are referred for your consideration and decision.
Not having thought of any character more eligable for Adjutant General than Majr Fish, I request that he may be sounded, or even directly applied to. Should he be indisposed to the Office, some other must be appointed without delay. With esteem & regard I am Affectly Yours

Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Alexander Hamilton, 22 August 1792
From: Washington, George
To: Hamilton, Alexander

Sir,
Mount Vernon 22d Augt 1792.

This will merely inform you that your letter of the 10th with it’s enclosure—and that of the 11th Inst: have been duly received; and that if the Regulations of your Department, mentioned in

the former, are carried strictly into execution, the most happy consequences, it is to be hoped, will result from them. I am sir &c.

G. Washington


Title: From George Washington to Henry Knox, 22 August 1792
From: Washington, George
To: Knox, Henry

Dear Sir,
Mount Vernon Augt 22 1792

In my letter of the 15th I acknowledged the receipt of yours of the 11th; since which your dispatches of the 16th are come to hand, and convey but a gloomy prospect of peace with the Indians, in either hemisphere; but shew the necessity of preparing more vigorously if possible for the dernier resort. That the Western Indians are stimulated to acts of hostility on one side, and every mean which can be devised to set aside the treaties wch exist between the Southern Indians and the U. States, & to encourage the former to break with us on the other admits of no doubt in my mind; and that it may be a concerted plan between certn Powers to check the growth of this rising Country, is far from improbable—diabolical as it may seem.
  The enclosure of Genl Putnams letter of 9th of July, enables me (which I could not do before) to form some idea of his proposition to establish a Post on the Muskingham; and ‘though I shall give no decided opinion on this particular case, my sentiments, generally, with respect to Posts, are not changed—and are shortly these. that except for the preservation of Stores, and the security of convoys upon a communi[catio]n they are of no use but to protect the people within them—for unless the Garrison is of such strength, & can detach in such force, as to bid defiance to the enemy it is always cooped up. Except for the purposes I have mentioned, of what advantage are Forts Hamilton, St Clair & Jefferson? The strength of Stationary parties are soon discovered by the Indians and when discovered, are liable to be cut off, unless they confine themselves solely to the defence of the Post—& of what avail would this be on the Muskingham or elsewhere? Posts can be insulted, or avoided at the option of the enemy in a covered Country—but the best vigilence of the most cautious Ene[my] cannot prevent scouting parties falling on their trail. Besides, we shall never be respectable at any point if

the Troops are divided, & subdivided for the quietude of particular settlements or neighbourhoods: nor will they ever be disciplined, and under due subordination whilst they are scattered over the Country in small parties under Subaltern Officers; except when they are employed in ranging, which is an essential part of their Military educatn in the Service for which they are designed.
If all the measures which have been pursued by Governmt to convince the hostile Indians of the just & honorable intentions of the U. States towards them should prove ineffectual we may certainly calculate upon a powerful opposition from their Combind force; in which case, we shall not only be unprepared to penetrate their Country, this Year, but there appears to me to be very little prospect of doing it early in the next; unless there can be some stimulus to the recruiting Service; and the Officers absolutely restrained from enlisting improper men—for I am told, notwithstanding the pointed instructions which have been issued to them on this head, that boys in many instances, and the worst miscreants in others are received: to the last of which may be attributed the number of desertions that are reported to the War Office. Under this view of the matter, your intimation to Genl Wayne respecting the Chicasaws and Choctaws was prudent & proper; but I conceive, nevertheless, if a few of each Southern Nation say a Six or 8 respectable characters was to visit & remain with the Army as long as should be agreeable to themselves—Be well fed & cloathed—& in all respects treated with attention & kindness, it would be an effectual inducement to the coming of the number that might be required next year?
I perceive by Mr Belli’s letter that the difference between supplying the Troops with their Rations by Contract, and by a purchasing Commy must be very great indeed, although he has not given the Wages, & other charges of the latter gentry. I am of opinion that the difference in favor of the latter will be found from the nature of things much greater on the exterior than it would be in the interior Country—and as the public pay for all lost provisions (by the enemy) is at the expence of Stores Guards &ca it is a matter worthy of serious investigation & consequent decision—Consult therefore with the Secretary of the treasury, & act as the result shall appear best.
The hair must have stood on Major S——head, & a stake full in

his view, when his letter of the 8th of July was writing to Genl Wilkinson, or the style of it would certainly have been varied. With esteem & regard I am Dr Sir Yrs &ca

G.W——n


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Jefferson, 23 August 1792
From: Washington, George
To: Jefferson, Thomas

(Private)
My dear Sir,Mount Vernon Augt 23d 1792.
Your letters of the 12th & 13th came duly to hand—as did that enclosing Mr Blodgets plan of a Capitol. The latter I forwarded to the Commissioners, and the enclosures of the two first are now returned to you.
I believe we are never to hear from Mr Carmichael; nor of him but through the medium of a third person. His——I realy do not know with what epithet to fill the blank, is, to me, amongst the most unaccountable of all the unaccountable things! I wish much to hear of the arrival of Mr Short at Madrid, and the result of their joint negotiations at that Court, as we have fresh, and much stronger Representations from Mr Seagrove of the extraordinary interference of the Spaniards in West Florida, to prevent running the boundary line which had been established by treaty between the United States & the Creeks—of their promising them support in case of their refusal—and of their endeavouring to disaffect the four Southern tribes of Indians towards

this Country. In the execution of these projects Seagrove is convinced McGillivray & his partner Panton are embarked, & have become principal Agents and there are suspicions entertained, he adds, that the Capture of Bowles was a preconcerted measure between the said Bowles & the Spaniard⟨s⟩—That the former is gone to Spain (& to Madrid I think) is certain. That McGillivray has removed from little Tellassee to a place he has within, or bordering on the Spanish line. That a Captn Oliver, [(]a Frenchman, but) an Officer in a Spanish Regiment at New Orleans has taken his place at Tellassee and is holding talks with the Chiefs of the several Towns in the Nation. And that every exertion is making by the Governor of West Florida to obtain a full & general meeting of the Southern Tribes at Pensicola, are facts that admit of no doubt. It is also affirmed that five Regiments of about 600 men each, and a large quantity of Ordnance & Stores arrived lately at New Orleans, and that the like number of Regiments (but this can only be from report) was expected at the same place from the Havanna. Recent accts from Arthur Campbell (I hope without much foundation) speak of very hostile dispositions in the lower Cherokees, and of great apprehension for the safety of Govr Blount & Genl Pickens who had set out for the proposed meeting with the Chicasaws & Choctaws at Nashville—& for the Goods which were going down the Tenessee by Water, for that Meeting.
Our accounts from the Western Indns are not more favourable than those just mentioned. No doubt remains of their having put to death Majr Trueman & Colo. Hardin; & the Harbingers of their mission. The report from their grand Council is, that War was, or soon would be, decided on; and that they will admit no Flags. The meeting was numerous & not yet dissolved that we have been informed of. What influence our Indn Agents may have at it, remains to be known. Hendricks left Buffaloe Creek between the 18th & 20th of June, accompanied by two or three of the Six Nations; some of the Chiefs of those Nations were to follow in a few days—only waiting, it was said, for the Caughnawaga Indians from Canada. And Captn Brandt would not be long after them. If these attempts to disclose the just & pacific disposition of the United States to these people, should also fail, there remains no alternative but the Sword, to decide the difference; & recruiting goes on heavily.
If Spain is really intrieguing with the Southern Indians as represented

by Mr Seagrove, I shall entertain strong suspicions that there is a very clear understanding in all this business between the Courts of London and Madrid; & that it is calculated to check, as far as they can, the rapid encrease, extension & consequence of this Country; for there cannot be a doubt of the wishes of the former (if we may judge from the conduct of its Officers) to impede any eclaircissment of ours with the Western Indians, and to embarrass our negotiations with them, any more than there is of their Traders & some others who are subject to their Government, aiding and abetting them in acts of hostilities.
How unfortunate, and how much is it to be regretted then, that whilst we are encompassed on all sides with avowed enemies & insidious friends, that internal dissentions should be harrowing & tearing our vitals. The last, to me, is the most serious—the most alarming—and the most afflicting of the two. And without more charity for the opinions & acts of one another in Governmental matters—or some more infalible criterion by which the truth of speculative opinions, before they have undergone the test of experience, are to be forejudged than has yet fallen to the lot of fallibility, I believe it will be difficult, if not impracticable, to manage the Reins of Government or to keep the parts of it together: for if, instead of laying our shoulders to the machine after measures are decided on, one pulls this way & another that, before the utility of the thing is fairly tried, it must, inevitably, be torn asunder—And, in my opinion the fairest prospect of happiness & prosperity that ever was presented to man, will be lost—perhaps for ever!
My earnest wish, and my fondest hope therefore is, that instead of wounding suspicions, & irritable charges, there may be liberal allowances—mutual forbearances—and temporising yieldings on all sides. Under the exercise of these, matters will go on smoothly, and, if possible, more prosperously. Without them every thing must rub—the Wheels of Government will clog—our enemies will triumph—& by threwing their weight into the disaffected Scale, may accomplish the ruin of the goodly fabric we have been erecting.
I do not mean to apply these observations, or this advice to any particular person, or character—I have given them in the same general terms to other Officers of the Government—because the disagreements which have arisen from difference of opinions—and

the Attacks wch have been made upon almost all the measures of government, & most of its Executive Officers, have, for a long time past, filled me with painful sensations; and cannot fail I think, of producing unhappy consequences at home & abroad.
The nature of Mr Seagroves communications was such, and the evidence in support of them so strongly corroborative, that I gave it as my sentiment to Genl Knox that the Commissioners of Spain ought to have the matter brought before them again in the manner it was before, but in stronger (though not in committing) language; as the Government was embarrassed, and its Citizens in the Southern States made uneasy by such proceedings, however unauthorised they might be by their Court.
I pray you to note down, or rather to frame into paragraphs or sections such matters as may occur to you as fit & proper for general communication at the opening of the next Session of Congress—not only in the department of State, but on any other subject applicable to the occasion, that I may, in due time, have every thing before me. With sincere esteem & friendship I am, always, Your Affectionate

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 23 August 1792
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

Sir
New-York 23d August 1792

The express, with your letter of the 15th instant and Mr Seagroves and Major Calls dispatches, arrived at the War office about the hour of twelve on the 21st instant, and I received the letters by express yesterday in this City.
I shall return to Philadelphia either to day or tomorrow, and will immediately take up the subjects of Mr Seagroves communications, in conjunction with the secretary of the treasury, and submit the result sir to you.
Major Gaither has probably arrived and will soon be on the

frontiers of Georgia. The Mr Rosecrantz of whom you are pleased to inquire appears to have been an agent of Gen. Waynes, employed through Capt. Cass at Fort Franklin, to obtain information of the movements of the Senekas.
The dangerous situation of Major Washington is greatly to be regretted, I sincerely pray he may recover and again comfort his friends, by his virtues and amiable qualities. I have the honor to be sir with the highest respect Your obedient Servant

H. Knox


Title: To George Washington from William Deakins, Jr., 24 August 1792
From: Deakins, William Jr.
To: Washington, George

Sir
Bath [Va.] August 24th 1792

Your much Esteem’d favor of the 13th Instant (Covering a Letter for my Brother & Mr Jones) came safe to hand yesterday. My Brother is now here. I have Enquired of him, respecting Mr Benja. Jones, he thinks him an honest reasonable Man, & will Act with him to Value Mr Mercers Land agreeable to your request.

Doctr James Stewart who holds one third of the same Tract with Mr Mercer, is now here, he has (I believe,[)] received letters from Mr Mercer, he leaves this tomorrow, & will call in his way home, to see the Land, and give Orders for a Division to take place.
I hope whenever I can be usefull to your Excellency, you will freely command me, Assuring Yourself it gives me the Utmost pleasure to execute any of your commands. With every Sentiment of Respect & Esteem—I am Your Excellency’s Most Obt Servt

Will. Deakins Junr


Title: To George Washington from the Citizens of Marseilles, 24 August 1792
From: Citizens of Marseilles
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Marseilles, 24th August 1792,the 4th Year of Liberty

Free Nations are always in alliance, and are alike interested in affording mutual aid and assistance to each other.
A common interest has already united the inhabitants of the American States to the interests of regenerated France. Their three-coloured flags are unfurled upon every sea, proclaiming that the free Americans and French are brethren. The name of Washington is as much revered here as at Philadelphia. It is to Washington that we address ourselves in order to convey the Sentiments of our fellow citizens to a nation for whom he has done and suffered so much.
Commerce is one of the first ties in the fraternity of mankind, and engaged as we are in the destructive trade of war, which unfortunately

has become necessary in order to establish the cause of Liberty, free citizens ought nevertheless to leave no possible means untried to extend their commercial intercourse, and ensure the means of subsistence.
The time will arrive, and doubtless it is not far off, when the genius of liberty, having crossed the ocean, and hovered over France will kindle over the whole earth that sacred fire which now animates our breasts. The demons of discord will then be chained up forever, the sword will be rendered useless, and the great bond of nations will be confidence and brotherly affection.
We have therefore to propose to our American brethren to form more extensive commercial connexions with us than heretofore. Above all, we present to their view an object of speculation, which while it supplies our wants, offers emoluments to the adventurer by no means contemptible. The article of provisions, for which we have contracted, cannot be supplied during the present year, on account of the indifferent crops, which are disproportionate to the quantities that Marseilles annually lays up either for the use of her own citizens, for the southern districts of France, or for a part of Spain and Italy.
Such being our situation, we have petitioned the National Assem⟨bly⟩ to grant a premium of fifty Sous per quintal/mark weight of grain that shall be imported from abroad into the southern Districts of France: and we have every reason to believe that our patriotic legislators will comply with our request.
But this is not the only Step we will take in favour of our American brethren. We will petition the executive council that the American flag be protected by the French cruising vessels of w⟨ar⟩ and we have every reason to believe that our solicitations on this subject will not be fruitless.
Exert your influence then, Sir, to engage our American brethren to export to us the superfluity of their crops. Be pleased to inform them that in exchange for their produce they will be supplied in our port with oils and wines, besides other articles and commodities which may suit their market. Inform them, Sir, that the citizens of Marseilles will do every thing in their power to encourage the American trade, and that in this instance in particular they will consider a compliance with their wishes as a proof of the fraternal friendship that exists between the two nations.
It is worthy of your character, Sir, to cherish such sentiments,

the dissemination of which will constitute the happiness of your nation. You have toiled for the liberty of your country, and by meriting the universal esteem of all nations, you have gained that, in particular, of the mayor, municipal officers, and public attorney for the community of Marseilles.

Mourraille, mayor

here follow also the signature of the other officers of the municipality of Marseilles.


Title: To George Washington from the National Assembly of France, 26 August 1792
From: National Assembly of France
To: Washington, George

du 26. aout 1792.

l’assemblée Nationale considérant que les hommes qui par leurs Ecrits et par leur Courage ont Servi la Cause de la liberté et preparé l’affranchissement des peuples ne peuvent Etre Regardés Comme Etrangers par une Nation que Ses lumiéres et Son Courage ont Rendue libre,
Considerant que Si cinq ans de domicile en France Suffisent pour obtenir à un Etranger le titre de Citoyen français ce titre est bien plus Justement du à Ceux qui, quelque soit le Sol qu’ils habitent, ont consacré leurs Bras et leurs Veilles à Deffendre la Cause des peuples contre le Despotisme des Rois, à Bannir les préjugés de la terre, et à Reculer les Bornes des connaissances humaines,
Considérant que S’il n’est pas permis D’Espérer que les hommes ne forment un jour devant la loi comme devant la Nature qu’une Seule famille, une Seule association, les amis de la liberté de la fraternité universelles n’en doivent pas etre moins chers à une Nation qui a proclamé Sa Renonciation a toutes conquetes et Son desir de fraterniser avec tous les peuples,
Considerant Enfin qu’au moment ou une Convention Nationale Va fixer les Destinees de la France, et preparer peut-Etre Celles du genre humain, il appartient a un peuple généreux et libre D’appeller toutes les lumiéres et de Déférer le droit de concourir à ce grand acte de Raison à des hommes qui par leurs Sentimens, leurs Ecrits et leur Courage S’en Sont Montrés Si Eminement Dignes.
Déclare Déférer le titre de Citoyen français au Docteur Joseph Prietsley, à Thomas payne, a Jérémie Bentham à William Wilberforce, à Thomas Clarkson, à Jacques Makinstosh, à David Williams, à N Gorani, à Anacharsis Cloots, à Corneille Paw. à Joachim-henry Campe, à N pestalozzi, à George Washington à Jean hamilton, à N Maddison, à H Klopstack, et à Thadée Kociusko.

Guadet Rapporteur


Title: From George Washington to Henry Knox, 26 August 1792
From: Washington, George
To: Knox, Henry

Sir,
Mot Vernon 26. Augt 1792

I have recd your Letter of the 17th inst; with it’s enclosure from Genl Wayne.
Whatever Genl Wayne may require towards the equipmt of his troops for the service for wch they are designed, provided a compliance therewith be authorised by Law, I think had better be granted. powder in particular, precisely such as he desires, I would furnish him with in order that there may be no room for complaint here after on that score; At the same time I must confess that I am no friend to his proposal with respect to enlarging the touch holes—for part of the force of the powder must be expended that way, & when the musket gets a little foul, may not communicate with the pan—it would certainly be better to employ a little more time in loading, where every shot ought to be well & deliberately aimed.
Orders or Advertisements which are intended to be put in the public Gazettes, ought to be well weighed & digested before they are inserted, as they will not only appear in all parts of Europe,

but may be handed to the enemy. To publish beyond the limits of the army, or the vicinity of it, the dastardly behaviour of one’s own troops, is not a very pleasant thing.
Concerning his idea of having a Brand, I have great doubts both as to the legality & policy of the measure; the bad impression it may make in the country, may considerably outweigh the good effects it may produce in the army.
Printed blank Descriptions is, to me, an Irishism; for the true meaning of wch I am at a loss, & which requires an explanation. I am Sir Yr mo: hble Servt

G.W.


Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 26 August 1792
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

Sir
Philadelphia 26th August 1792

I had the honor in New York, on the 23d, to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 15th instant with the dispatches from Georgia. Having returned to this city the last evening I found your favor of the 19th, which was received here on the 23d instant.
Tomorrow I will lay before the secretary of the treasury, and the attorney Genl, the Georgia papers and your ideas thereon; and the result shall be submitted to you as early as possible.
I have now the honor to submit Copies of General Waynes letter of the 17th, Capt. Jo. Cass’s of the 6 instant, and Genl Putnams of the 22d July.

The conduct of the Waggoners mentioned by Genl Wayne, in leaving the stores upon the road shall be inquired into and remedied immediately, and proper prosecutions take place.
The conduct of Genl Putnam appears to have been judicious, and an anticipation of his instructions lately transmitted.
By the next post I shall have the honor of making further communication of such circumstances as may be necessary to be submitted to your view. I have the honor sir to be with perfect respect Your Obedient Servant

H. Knox


Title: From George Washington to Edmund Randolph, 26 August 1792
From: Washington, George
To: Randolph, Edmund

(Private)
My dear Sir,Mount Vernon Augt 26th 1792
The purpose of this letter is merely to acknowledge the receipt of your favors of the 5th & 13th instt, and to thank you for the information contained in both without entering into the details of either.
With respect, however, to the interesting subject treated on in that of the 5th, I can express but one sentiment at this time, and that is a wish—a devout one—that whatever my ultimate determination shall be, it may be for the best. The subject never recurs to my mind but with additional poignancy; and from the declining State in the health of my Nephew, to whom my concerns of a domestic & private nature are entrusted it comes with aggrivated force—But as the allwise disposer of events has hitherto watched over my steps, I trust that in the important one I may soon be called upon to take, he will mark the course so plainly, as that I cannot mistake the way. In full hope of this, I will take no measure, yet awhile, that will not leave me at liberty to decide from circumstances, & the best lights, I can obtain on the subject.
I should be happy in the mean time to see a cessation of the abuses of public Officers—and of those attacks upon almost every measure of government with which some of the Gazettes are so strongly impregnated; & which cannot fail, if persevered in with the malignancy they now team, of rending the Union asunder. The Seeds of discontent—distrust & irritations which are so plentifully sown—can scarcely fail to produce this effect and to Mar that prospect of happiness which perhaps never beamed with more effulgence upon any people under the Sun—and this too at a time when all Europe are gazing with admiration at the brightness of our prospects. and for what is all this? Among other things, to afford Nuts for our transatlantic—what shall I call them? Foes!
In a word if the Government and the Officers of it are to be the constant theme for News-paper abuse, and this too without condescending to investigate the motives or the facts, it will be impossible, I conceive, for any man living to manage the helm,

or to keep the machine together—But I am running from my text, and therefore will only add assurances of the Affecte esteem & regard with which I am always—Yours.


Title: To George Washington from Edmund Randolph, 26 August 1792
From: Randolph, Edmund
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
Philadelphia August 26. 1792.

Mr Bordley, who wrote the inclosed pamphlet, thought it too unimportant to present it to you with form. He therefore requested me, if an opportunity offered, to send it to Mount Vernon.
Since I had the honor of writing to you last, nothing has occurred, worthy of a special mention. The arrivals from Europe have brought nothing; and no incidents in the political line attract any notice, except those, which relate to the supposed temper of Virginia, & the measures, projected at the next session. Of these you must have heard; and therefore I omit them.
The mail, which was due yesterday, has not yet arrived. (12 o’-clock)
Mr Fraunces informs me, that every thing is well; and indeed I should judge it to be the case from appearances. I am dear sir with affte attachment yr obliged hbl. serv.

Edm: Randolph


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Hamilton, 27 August 1792
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Washington, George

Sir,
Treasury Departmt Augt 27.1792.

By the Act of the last Session entitled “An Act supplementary to the Act making provision for the Debt of the United States,” authority is given to discharge the debts due to foreign Officers out of the monies which the President is authorised to borrow by the Act making provision for the Debt of the United States.
The sum authorised to be borrowed by the last mentioned Act is 12.000.000. of Dollars. The whole amount of the foreign debt, exclusive of that due to foreign Officers, was 11.710.378 Dollars & 62 cents. The difference is 289.621. Dollars & 38 cents, which is greater than the sum due to foreign Officers being about 230.000 Dollars. This debt being payable in Paris and bearing an interest of six per Cent, it is for the advantage of the United States to discharge it as soon as possible. The last loan will be a convenient fund for the purpose, and if approved by the President a part of it will be so applied.
Should it appear to the President adviseable to direct this payment—a second question arises, namely whether it shall be made in Assignats, or in a mode which shall exempt the parties from the loss which would attend the depreciation of those securities—without however occasioning loss to the United States. The last appears best to accord with the justice & reputation of the Government. With the highest respect and the truest attachment I have the honor to be &c.

A: Hamilton

P.S. Your Letter of the 13. instant & the Contract concerning the N. Hampshire Lighthouse were duly received.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 27 August 1792
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

Monticello [Va.] Aug. 27. 1792.

Th: Jefferson, with his dutiful respects to the President of the United States, has the honor to inclose him under an open cover to mister Taylor two letters to M. de Ternant, the one containing an Exequatur for his signature (the commission whereon it is grounded being under the same open cover to mister Taylor) the other an answer to a formal notification of the declaration of war by France against the king of Hungary, which if the President approves he will be so good as to let go on under the cover to mister Taylor, sticking a wafer in it as well as in the cover, but leaving still open the letter containing the Exequatur that mister Taylor may put the great seal to it before he seals the letter. he hopes the President and mistress Washington are in perfect health.


Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 28 August 1792
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

Sir
War department August 28. 1792

I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your favor of the 22d instant after the departure of the post on Monday Morning the 27th.
The Secretary of the Treasury, the Attorney General and myself have had two separate meetings, yesterday and to day upon the subject of the Georgia dispatches. We have, in substance, adopted the ideas, you were pleased to communicate in your favor of the 19th instant—The details will be prepared and submitted to your consideration as soon as possible.
Colonel Fish is upon a tour of reviewing the Militia, which will require a considerable time to finish—I will immediately in your name offer him the appointment of the office of Adjutant General; and in order to secure an answer it shall be forwarded from New York by Express.
A Lieutenant Schuylers resignation, of the Artillery, has been received. He was accused of a long course of intoxication and was ordered either to take his trial or resign—The vacancy has long been expected and was eagerly desired by Colonel Burr for a Mr Peter Van Allen a young Gentleman of the State of New York of liberal education, bred to the Law and of good Character—Mr Burr has pledged himself for his fitness for the Office—his name was brought forward, on the augmentation of the troops, as a Captain—but the local arrangements rendered that grade unattainable—If it should meet your approbation, I request leave to notify Mr Van Allen of the vacancy and offer it to him. I have the honor to be with the highest respect Your obedient servant.

H. Knox


Title: To George Washington from Henry, Count de Nassau, 28 August 1792
From: Nassau, Henry, count de
To: Washington, George

Sir!
London August 28th 1792

I never am unmindful of those I think so well of as Yourself; their Number is not So great as to Confound ones Memory.
Inclosed printed Extracts from the Public Advertiser. Shews Your Excellency a little what I have suffered for the brave Americans Since the Battle of Bunkershill. I was since that time persecuted and have suffered much, and more as You Could think but my good Conscience and Providence have never left me Comfortless. at last my Book Memoires Campaigns and Travels in 4 Volumes large Octavo will be printed after so manny strugles. the First Volume will be published about Easter next Year and every 6 months another Volume. I shall have the Honour through the american ambassador send one for Your Excellency Since these few days I was very Ill a severe Coald has troubled me much that I can scarcely write a few Lines. I was 18 Years in the late King of Prussias Service, I left him 1767. made a Tour through Saxony, Bohemia, Austria Hungaria and was 4 days at Belgrad: 1768. I came home again but had the misfortune to be shipwrecked in Yoarmouth Roads where I lost all my Monney Equipage &c. this was a Very hard Trial for me but God had never forsaken me The late King of Prussia Frederick the Great holds me about 40,000£. Sterling 5 months past I wrote a Letter to the present King of Prussia and Demanded my money the Answer was I myself must Come to Berlin to wait upon the King himself I Should have the money due to me but I must not mention any things about this in my Book. Kings like their secrets not to be published.
Now I prepare me to go to Holland Brunswick Potsdam and Berlin to receive the monney due to me, and to see my Old good

Friends and whenn my Book is finished in about 2 Years time. I hope to have the Honour to give Your Excellency a Visit in America. my Book Contains manny Excillent Anecdotes Concerning the late War in America.
In the Public advertiser August the 4th this month I have published an Essay on Duelling as a Warning to my Brother Officers in the Navy and Army.
The late accounts from France are very melancholic. I have heard Preach that famous Dr [Joseph] Priestley 3 times he is a man of Sense, a true Philosopher and I believe an honest man, but Veritas odium parit. his appeal is excellent Soon after Easter next year I hope to retourn from Berlin. I wish Your Excellency good Health and all Happiness here below. and so all the Inhabitans of America, Success to Trade and Commerce. Peace Unity and Concord. I wish to see America again before I Die. my Head ach permits me no more to Write. I have the Honour with the greatest Esteem to be Your Excellencys most humble servant

Henry, Count de Nassauthe Old Neglected Captain in the Royal Navy

N.B. it is to day exactly 10 years when the Royal George of 100. Guns was overset at Portsmouth. brave Admiral Kampenfeld and So many 100. about 920 Souls were lost. And N.B. I saved my Life so wunderfull all is minutly explained in my Memoires &c:


Title: To George Washington from Margaret Hay, 30 August 1792
From: Hay, Margaret
To: Washington, George

  Fort George, N.Y., 30 Aug. 1792. Writes GW in hopes of a “vindacation of my injured Charecter.” She says that an earlier letter to GW asking for “pecuniary assistance” elicited no reply, even though GW had received the letter and initially was inclined to assist her, “but after that you wrote a Gentelman in Albany who give me such a Charecter that you thought me unworthy of even pity. . . . I am sorry to think that. . . worthy Citizens will let an innocent woman suffer all that art and malice can invent and beleive evry falshood that a subtle unnatureal enemy [her husband] has spared no expence or truble to get circulated rether then Give them selves the truble to bring the truth to light.” Her husband’s “next step,” she says, “is to sue for a devorce in vermount I am now very ill in consequence of his treatment when he was last hear he offered me a paper relative to his intended devorce as I did not know that my acceptence of it would be proper I refused it . . . and when I a second time refused it he draged me into a dark room how he treated me I can not tell for my fright had deprived me of Reson . . . but he left convincing proofs of his brutaliaty for my side remained black for several weeks where he had trampt or kicked me the pain of it now is allmost intolorable had he put an end to my Life that would have been an act of mercy—he has got leave to go on so long with impunity I have no doubt he will close the guilty scene in that way if he is not prevented by the interposition of devine providence.”


Title: From George Washington to James McHenry, 31 August 1792
From: Washington, George
To: McHenry, James

(Private)
Dear Sir,Mount Vernon Augt 31st 1792
The characters given of Messrs Smith & Hollingsworth by you, comports very much with those I have received from others, and therefore of the two, the preference is given to the former. But as neither stand upon such high grounds as Mr Tilghman or Mr Hammond, and as it is my duty as well as inclination to fill Offices with the most suitable characters I pray you to make all the indirect enquiry you can whether either of the last named Gentlemen would accept; and, as the nature of the case seems to require, would make Baltimore the place of Residence.
If the result is unfavourable, be so good as to cause the enclosed to be delivered. This case requires a little delicasy in the management and I am persuaded it will receive it from you. I am with sincere esteem and regard—Your Obedt & Affecte

Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from the Commissioners for the District of Columbia, 1 September 1792
From: Commissioners for the District of Columbia
To: Washington, George

Sir
George-town 1st Septr 1792

Esteeming it necessary to have your written order for Sales in the City we have enclosed a Draft, a Copy of that given last year, to be Signed against the approaching public Sales—An Idea has been pretty generally entertained, that it would be prudent to Sink a part of the price on condition of Speedy Improvement, and we have presumed to enclose the Draft of an Order calculated for that End, which we only wish to be Signed on its meeting your fullest approbation—We are Sir, with the greatest Respect &c.

Th. Johnson
Dd Stuart
Danl Carroll