Title: To George Washington from Tobias Lear, 25 December 1793
From: Lear, Tobias
To: Washington, George

            My dear Sir,
            Glasgow [Scotland] December 25th 1793

          I have the vanity to think you will not be displeased to hear of my safe arrival at
            this place. We had a passage of 28 days from New York, and in the course of it
            experienced much stormy weather.
          I have been here a fortnight, during which time I have been busily engaged in viewing
            the several large manufactories in the City and its neighbourhood, in some of which they
            exceed any other part of Great Britain, particularly in the fabric of muslins, which
            branch they have, ’till within this year past, carried on to a vast extent, not less
            than two hundred thousand persons having been employed in the several
            parts of this manufacture in this place & its vicinity: But the war and its
            concomitants have thrown more than 5/6ths of the above number out of employment.
            Notwithstanding which, and the similar effect which I am told is produced in other large
            manufacturing places in the Kingdom, there seems to be no prospect of a peace.
          As the muslin is made here in greater perfection than perhaps in any other part of
            Europe, and knowing that you & Mrs Washington have sometimes occasion to purchase
            goods of this kind I have ventured to send you a few articles agreeably to the enclosed
            Invoice, as they are of a quality not often met with in America—and much cheaper than I
            know such things are with you. The Cotton Cambrick is a
            new attempt at a substitute for that usually worn, and it bids fair to become a great
            object, as this sent is afforded at less than one half of what cambrick of equal quality
            generally costs. I have also added 3 dozen of glass tumblers for punch from a
            manufactory here which is an excellent one lately established, and with great
            improvements in its operation, all the cut & cypher work in the glass being
            performed by a steam engine, which has lessened the cost of cut glass more than 20 pr
            Cent. I gave to the manufacturer the crest of your arms which I had on the seal of a
            letter, which he has engraved on the front of each glass.
          I trust to that goodness which I have so often experienced to pardon the liberty which
            I have taken to send these articles without being desired to do it. Whenever it is
            convenient Mr Dandridge may pay the amount to my friend Mr James Greenleaf.
          Our Country is here pronounced emphatically the happy land—and the wisdom of keeping
            out of the bloody contest in which the nations of Europe are engaged has given a
            respectability to the American Government in the opinion here, which it would have been
            long in obtaining without the intervention of such a crisis to bring it to the test; and
            it seems to be as much the ardent prayer of many here that we may continue to preserve
            our enviable situation, as it would be of those who felt more immediately the blessings
            of it. Curses seem to be imprecated everywhere hereabouts upon those Barbarians, the
            Algeriens, who have again committed depredations on some of our unfortunate Countrymen,
            and an astonishment is expressed at their being permitted by the maritime powers to pass
            thus with impunity: But interest in a national question will
            generally prevail over humanity.
          I shall tomorrow set out for Edinburgh, where I shall continue for a few days, and then
            proceed to London, visiting such manufacturing places as Leeds—Manchester, Sheffield
            &c. which lay almost in my route.
          A Report of the taking of Toulon by the French is all we have new of a public nature;
            and as the vessel which takes this letter may not sail for two or three weeks, you will
            undoubtedly know whether this is a fact or not before this reaches you.
          In riding about to the manufactories in this neighbourhood I observed the hedges were
            mostly of furze, and that it formed an excellent hedge, and finding on enquiry that it
            grew readily, I got a pound of the seed, which is in the box with the other things, and
            likewise a pound of the Scotch Kail seed, which is said to be hereabouts of a superiour
            quality—it stands the winters here without injury—and at this time there are fields of
            it round the City that have all the verdure of a fresh clover field; but this is not to
            be wondered at, for there has been not the smallest symptom of frost in this County yet;
            the weather since I have been here corresponds very well with ours in Philada in April I
            have forwarded your letter to Mr Young—and when I get
            to London I shall remember the thorn bushes which I am to send out for you.
          I have taken up more of your valuable time with this letter than I intended when I
            began; but will trespass no further than to beg the favour of having my best &
            grateful respects made acceptable to your good Mrs Washington & my love to Mr
            Dandridge & my young friends. With the purest respect & truest affection I have
            the honor to be, my dear Sir, Your grateful friend & faithful servant

            Tobias Lear.


Title: To George Washington from John George Gibson, 26 December 1793
From: Gibson, John George
To: Washington, George

            South Hiendly near Pomfret Yorks.[England] Decr 26th 1793

          Having often heard it mentioned in our family that we were in some distant manner
            connected to your Excellency, I have anxiously wished to ascertain the truth of the
            report, feeling a great ambition to rank amongst my relatives, a man, whose public and
            private virtues have so eminently exalted him in the hearts and opinion of mankind.
            Being on a visit last summer at a distant relations (a Mrs White’s, whose Maiden name
            was Gibson) I was making some inquiry respecting the family, when she likewise mentioned
            the circumstance of our being distantly related, and as a proof, said she had a Letter,
            which she gave me, wrote in the year 1699, by Your Excellency’s Grand Father in Virginia
            to his Sister in England, who married my Great Grand Father, of which the following is a
              Copy.

                Virginia June the 22d 1699
                Dear & Loving Sister,

              “I had the happiness to see a Letter which you sent to my Aunt Howard, who died
                about a year and a half ago; I had heard of you by
                her before, but could not tell whether you were alive or not. It was truly great joy
                to hear that I had such a relation alive as yourself; not having any such a one by
                my Father’s side as yourself. My Father had one Daughter by my Mother, who died when
                she was very young, before my remembrance. My
                Mother had three Daughters when my Father married her, one died last winter, and
                left four or five Children, the other two are alive & married and have had
                several children. My Mother married another man after my Father, who spent all, so
                that I had not the value of twenty shillings of my Fathers Estate, I being the
                youngest & therefore the weakest, which generally comes off short. But I thank God my Fortune has been pretty good since, as I
                have got a kind and loving Wife, by whom I have had three Sons
                and a daughter, of which I have buried my daughter and one Son. I am afraid I shall never have the happiness of seeing you,
                since it has pleased God to set us at such a distance: But hoping to hear from you
                by all opportunities, which you shall assuredly do from him that is, Your ever
                loving Brother till death
              Jno. Washington

                If you write to me direct yours to me in Stafford County on
                  Portomack River in Virginia, Vale. J.W.
                To Mrs Mary Gibson, Living at Hawnes in Bedf’s., These sent
                  with care.[”]

          From this Letter it appears that your Excellency’s Grandfather, and
            my Fathers Grand Mother were Brother and Sister. And as a proof that it must be the same
            family of the Gibson’s (there being a great number of that name) There is a small Estate
            at Hawnes of about 40£ a year, half of which at the death of the above mentioned Mrs
            White, devolves to me, as Heir at law to my Father who is lately dead, and which was
            left him and his heirs by his Uncle, (Mrs White’s Father who purchased it of his
            Brother, to whom it had descended) at Mrs Ws. decease without heirs. This Ancestor of
            mine whom yours married was the Vicar of Hawnes and purchased this Estate, who as well
            as his Wife lie buried there.
          Understanding from report that Your Excellency had not many relations living, I thought
            it might not be considered by you as too great a liberty, if I informed you, that there
            were some in this Country who consider themselves honoured in being allied to you tho in
            a distant manner.
          Having (as I before observed) lately lost my Father, the Family now, consist only of my
            self, a Sister and Brother. I married 4 years ago—a daughter of Mr Charles Payne
            Sharpe’s of the Island of St Vincents, by whom I have had three Children, the eldest I
            lost. The little fortune I obtain by my Wife, added to my income as Curate, amounts to
            £140 a year, with which tho small, being happily possessed of domestic felicity, I
            should feel contented did I not look forward, to the claims of an increasing family, as
            the whole of our income (my Wife’s being an Annuity) dies with us. Had the man, whom I
            was proud, and honoured in being permitted to call friend, lived a few years longer, I
            should have been provided for, but by the death of Sr Geo. Savile, I was deprived of
            one, who possessed both the ability and inclination to serve me: I have however a prospect, tho distant, of possessing a
            small Living in South Wales in the gift of a relation of my Wife’s. My Sister married a
            son of the Revd Mr Rawstorne, Rector of Badsworth, an uncle of Sr Thomas Pilkington’s,
            and is connected with his Brothers in a Cotton Manufactory. My Brother is nearly the eldest Lieut. in His majesty’s 54th
              Regt—I will not trespass further on your time than to
            observe, that Mr Naylor, the Gentleman in this Country who transmits this to Mr Bond to
            be forwarded to your Excellency, will answer any question you may think proper to ask
            relative to me, through the medium of Mr Bond, or his Brother the Agent to Mr Naylor, in
            America; and should you wish to see the original Letter, of which the inclosed is a
            copy, I will transmit it with pleasure. With the greatest respect I remain Your
            Excellency’s Most Obedt Hle Sevt

            John George Gibson


Title: Bartholomew Dandridge, Jr., to Thomas Jefferson, 26 December 1793
From: Dandridge, Bartholomew Jr.
To: Jefferson, Thomas

            26. Decemr 1793

          By the President’s direction Bw Dandridge has the honor to transmit to the Secretary of
            State a resolution of the House of representatives, just received—& to request the Secretary to furnish the several papers
            therein required.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Mifflin, 26 December 1793
From: Mifflin, Thomas
To: Washington, George

            Sir.
            Phil: 26 Dec. 1793.

          Inclosed I have the honor to communicate to you, copies of a letter, which I have
            received from Mr Cassan, the Vice-Consul of the French Republic, and of the answer which
            I have transmitted to him, relatively to the intended departure of the Brigantine Peggy
            for the Mole and Jeremie.
          The sentiments, which I have expressed on this occasion, are in conformity to those
            that were lately communicated to me as yours, in the letter of the Secretary at War,
            dated the
            instant. I am, with perfect respect,
            Sir, Your most obed. & most Hble Serv.


Title: From George Washington to Laurent De Saxÿ & Laurent De Verneüil, 26 December 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Saxÿ, Laurent de,Verneüil, Laurent de

            Madames,
            Philadelphia 26th Decr 1793.

          I have been favored with your letters of the 6th & 10th of the present month, but
            not in due time.
          I wish my resources were equal to the relief of the distresses which you, and many
            others under like circumstances have described. But the truth is, my private purse is
            inadequate, & there is no public money at my disposal.
          Such as the first was competent to, I placed early in the hands of a Committee in this
            City, to be disposed of for the benefit of the unfortunate Sufferers from St Domingo
            whose necessities ⟨were⟩ greatest & means least.
          I prefered this mode of contributing my mite, 1st because it was not
            in my power to enquire into the degree of individual wants—2dly because I did not
            possess the means of Administering to them in the extent which might be required. and
            3dly to guard against impositions, several of which had been attempted with Success.
          In almost every City and large Town in the United States, Committees similar to the one
            I have already mentioned, are established. To the one nearest you, I should conceive it
            might be well to make your case known. In the meanwhile to supply your momentary wants I
            send you Twenty five dollars in Bank notes.
          With very poignant feelings for the distress you describe yourselves to be in I
            am—Madames Your Most Obedt and Very Hble Servant

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Auguste de Grasse, 28 December 1793
From: Grasse, Alexandre-François-Auguste de Grasse-Rouville, comte de (marquis de Tilly)
To: Washington, George

          Duplicata
          Mon Généralcharleston [S.C.] le 28 Xbre 1793
          á mon arrivée ici dans les premiers jours d’aoust, j’ai Eu
            L’honneur de Vous Ecrire par la Voie de la poste Et par celle de la mer En même
              tems.
          je n’ai reçu de Vous aucune reponse, j’ai Soupçonnés que Les Calamités de philadelphie
            avoient detou[r]nées mes Lettres de leur destination. Et je vous En ait adressé de
            nouvelles par Le Commodore Guillon qui se disposoit a partir pour philadelphie
            immediatement aprés L’issüe de L’assemblée de la Caroline du Sud, mais dans
            L’incertitude ou je suis sur la Realité de son départ Et Consequemment sur Le sort des
            Lettres que je lui ait Confié, je profites Encor de la voye de la poste persuadé que Les
            premiers inconveniens qui ont pû detourner mes Premieres Lettres, ne subsistent plus Et
            que je serai plus heureux.
          je ne vous Jetois aucuns details Générale, des malheurs de St domingue Et des Evénémens
            qui m’avoient forcé de fuir Et de venir, Comme presque tous Les habitans de cette
            Colonie, me refugier ici, j’Etois passé a St domingue dans Le Cours de 1788,
            relativement aux biens Considerables que mon Pere m’y avoit Laissé, je comptois y Rester
            peu de tems Parce que L’Etat militaire au quel j’Etois attaché me rapelloit à mes
            devoirs mais la Revolution française m’y Surprit En 1789. Les troubles de la france, la
            desorganisation de tous les Etats, la degradation de la noblesse, Les dangers aux quels
            Elle y Etoit Exposée, Les Entraves que Les assemblées de St domingue mirent au depart
            des Colons Pour L’Europe Et plus que tous cela, Encore L’insurection Générale des
            Esclaves dans cette Colonie, me determina à me
            consacrer avec mes Concitoyens a la Guerre Cruelle Et infructueuse qui nous á accablée,
            tous nos Efforts n’ont pû faire rentrer nos Esclaves dans L’ordre, un demon invisible
            rendoit nos Succès innutiles, Et je n’ai pû Comme bien d’autres Evitter L’incendie Et La
            destruction de mes Biens, Enfin Les derniers Excês du 20 juin dernier ont mis Le Comble
            à nos infortunes, Et ne nous ont Laissé que Le Choix de la fuitte ou d’une mort
              Cruelle, Et je Suis arrivés ici avec ma femme
            nouvellement accouchée au milieu des flames Et des poignards. Mr de la hogue Conseillier
              au Conseil Superieur du Cap mon beau pere Et son Epouse, après
            avoir Eté depouillés En mer sur un Corsaire de la providence, nous avons trouvés ici tous Les secours que L’humanité peut
            offrire En pareille Circonstence, Et avec une Générosité Et des temoignages de
            sensibilité bienfait pour demeurer Gravés Eternellement dans nos Cœurs, mais ces
            Bienfaits doivent avoir un terme, Et Les Circonstences ne nous Permettent pas Encor de
            ne pas En abuser trop Longtems, D’ailleurs ils sont Bornés à une Existence mediocre Et
            Génante pour nos Bienfaiteurs Et pour nous, C’Est pour cela mon Général, que dans ma
            premiere Lettre je vous demendois au nom de la mémoire de mon pere au quel Vous avés
            Donnés des temoignages d’Estime, Les Conseils necessaires pour Sortir de Cet Etat
            precaire Et pour n’Etre plus journellement à charge, ainsi que la famille de ma femme à
            des personnes aux quelles nous avons trop d’obligations pour ne pas desirer de les
            delivrer de la Surcharge que nous Leurs occasionnons, Et En même tems S’il ne seroit pas
            Possible d’obtenir des Etats unis un Emprunt d’ont L’Employ put Subvenir à notre
              Existence je n’aurois cependant á offrire pour gage
            de Cet Emprunt que mes Biens de france Et Ceux de St domingue dont j’ignore Le Sort
            present Et avenir, je ne puis Guere Songer à retourner En france tant que Les troubles
            Et L’anarchie y Subsisteront, mon nom y Est peut Etre un Crime, quand a St domingue
            C’Est aussi un problëme dont la Resolution Est Ensevelie dans Les Evenements avenir. je
            dois avoir dans un des Etats de L’amerique des proprietés En terre qui ont Eté concedés
            par Le Congrés à mon pere, mais je n’ai pas Encor⟨e⟩ malgrés mes demarches me procurer
            aucune connoissances sur Leurs consistences Et sur
            Leurs situation, je vous prie Mon Général de me donner S’il Est Possible quelques
            renseignements à Cet Egard Et Sur Les moyens d’En prendre possession, j’ai Encor une
            autre Grace Particuliere a Vous demender, des L’instant de la naissance de ma fille, je
            lui ait donnée Le nom de Caroline, Et je me suis promis de Vous inviter à Etre Son
            parein, j’Espere que vous ne me refuserés pas cette faveur, Et En ce Cas je vous Prieois
            d’Envoyer à cet Effet votre pouvoir pour vous representer Et de faire choix de la
            mareine, Et des noms que vous voudr⟨ez⟩ ajouter à celui de Caroline que je lui ait déja
            donné En mémoire de L’acceuil fraternel que nous avons reçu des habitans de cet
              Etat, je me flattes mon Général
            que j’aurois Enfin la satisfaction de recevoir une Reponse de Vous, Et je ne Cesserai de
            la Solliciter tant que j’aurai lieu de Croire que vous n’aurés Pas reçu mes Lettres.
          Mon Epouse, mon beau pere Et ma belle mere Vous Prie Mon Général d’agreer Leurs
            respects Et Civilités. j’ai L’honneur D’Etre avec Respect Et Consideration Mon Général
            Votre três humble Et três obeissent Serviteur

            Auguste De Grasse


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Jefferson, 28 December 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Jefferson, Thomas

            Dear Sir,
            Saturday Afternoon [28 December 1793]

          I have received with vexation the enclosure you have just sent me from the French
            Minister: and pray you to take the opinion of the Gentlemen upon the measure proper to
            be taken in this business. Every day, more & more
            discovers the intention of this Agent to perplex this Government, and to scatter thick
            & wide the Seeds of dissention. Yours always—

            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to William Pearce, 28 December 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Pearce, William

            Mr Pearce,
            Philadelphia Decr 28th 1793

          Your letter of the 24th instant from Kent County in Maryland came to hand
              yesterday. I am sorry to find you had not then
            removed to Mount Vernon, and am concerned for the cause of your detention. Acts of
            Providence no human foresight can guard against, and it is our duty to submit to them.
            In the situation you describe your daughter to be, I certainly should not have desired
            you to leave her; however inconvenient, & injurious
            your not doing it, is to me: the last of which has been, & will continue to be very
            injurious, among other things, on Account of the Hogs which were up for Porke—and with
            which no body at Mount Vernon will know what to do, especially as your arrival at that
            place has been expected ever since the 20th of this month, agreeably to the advice I had
            communicated to my Nephew Mr Lewis; who is young &
            entirely unacquainted with every thing of this sort; and is only left there merely to
            keep things together until you were present to take charge of them.
          By the Post, several days ago, I wrote very fully to you in two letters, giving you my
            sentiments on every thing which had occurred to me that I conceived it might be
            necessary for you to be informed in, respecting my business—these
            letters were sent under cover to Mr Lewis, & you will find them at Mt Vernon. You
            will perceive by them, & others enclosed in them, to my Overseers how much I have
            been dissatisfied with the conduct of the latter since I left home in October. I shall not repeat it here. How far it may be in your power, by
            considerable exertions, to recover the business from their neglects will depend very
            much upon the nature of the Winter and Spring.
          I had, in order to make your situation at Mount Vernon more comfortable (even if you
            had removed wi⟨th⟩ your whole family, as you will percei⟨ve⟩ by one of the letters which
            you will find there) offered you the room in the house which Mr Lewis usually lodges
            in—& you may, as your own furniture can not now be got round until the Winter frosts
            are passed, make use of any of mine which you shall find necessary to your comfort &
            convenience ’till this happens; and you are very welcome to such provisions from my Meat
            house &ca as you shall find occasion for.
          I shall only add my best wishes for the restoration of health to your afflicted
            daughter—and that I am Your friend &ca

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 30 December 1793
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

            Sir,
            Philadelphia Dec. 30. 1793.

          I am informed, by the Director of the Mint, that an impediment has arisen to the
            coinage of the precious Metals, which it is my Duty to lay before you.
          It will be recollected, that, in pursuance of the Authority, vested in the President,
            by Congress, to procure Artists from abroad, if necessary, Mr Drotz,
            at Paris, so well known by the superior style of his coinage, was engaged for our mint;
            but that, after occasioning to us a considerable delay, he declined coming: That
            thereupon, our minister at London, according to the instructions he had received,
            endeavored to procure, there, a Chief Coiner and Assayer; That, as to the latter, he
            succeeded, sending over a Mr Albion Coxe, for that Office, but that he could procure no
            person, there, more qualified to discharge the duties of chief Coiner, than might be had
            here; and therefore did not engage one. The Duties of
            this last Office, have consequently been hitherto performed, and well performed by Henry
            Voight, an Artist of the United States: but the law requiring these Officers to give a
            security in the sum of 10,000 dollars each, neither is able to do it. The coinage of the precious metals, has, therefore, been
            prevented, for sometime past, though, in order that the mint might not be entirely idle,
            the coinage of copper has been going on; the trust in that, at any one point of time,
            being of but small amount.
          It now remains to determine how this difficulty is to be got over. If, by discharging
            these Officers, and seeking others, it may well be doubted if any can be found in the
            United States, equally capable of fulfilling their duties; and to seek them from abroad,
            would still add to the delay; and if found either at home or abroad, they must still be
            of the description of Artists, whose circumstances & connections rarely enable them
            to give security in so large a sum. The other alternative would be to lessen the
            Securityship in money, and to confide that it will be supplied by the vigilance of the
            Director, who, leaving as small masses of metal in the hands of the Officers, at any one
            time, as the course of their process will admit, may reduce the risk to what would not
            be considerable.
          To give an idea of the extent of the trust to the several Officers, both as to sum, and
            time, it may be proper to state the course of the Business, according to what the
            Director is of Opinion it should be. The Treasurer, he
            observes, should receive the Bullion; the Assayer, by an operation on a few Grains of
            it, is to ascertain it’s fineness. The Treasurer is then to deliver it to the Refiner to
            be melted and mixed to the standard fineness—the
            Assayer, here again, examining a few grains of the melted mass, and certifying when it
            is of due fineness; the Refiner then delivers it to the Chief Coiner
            to be rolled and coined, and he returns it when coined, to the Treasurer. By this it
            appears, that a few grains only, at a time, are in the hands of the Assayer, the mass
            being confided, for operation, to the Refiner and Chief Coiner. It is to be observed
            that the law has not taken notice of the Office of Refiner, though so important an
            officer ought, it should seem, to be of the President’s nomination, and ought to give a
            Security nearly equal to that required from the Chief Coiner.
          I have thought it my duty to give this information, under an impression that it is
            proper to be communicated to the Legislature, who will
            decide in their Wisdom, whether it will be expedient to make it the Duty of the
            Treasurer to receive and keep the Bullion before coinage.
          To lessen the pecuniary Security required from the Chief Coiner & Assayer; And
          To place the office of the Refiner under the same nomination with that of the other
            Chief Officers, to fix his Salary, & require due Security.
          I have the honor to be with the most perfect respect & attachment Sir, your most
            obedient & most humble servant,

            Th: Jefferson


Title: Enclosure: Lafayette’s Revolutionary War Account, 24 December 1793
From: Lafayette, Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de
To:

              [24 December 1793]

                                                                        Dollars
   Received of Mr Trumbull the 31st March 1778 on his
    private account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1700.
   He paid in May 1778, to Capn Celeron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  80.
   Leaving this sum to be accounted for, to be reduced at 5 for one,  1620.
   will equal specie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  Dollars            324.
   His pay as Major General from the 31st July 1777 to the 31st
   December 1780, 41 months & 1 day a[t] 166 dollars p. Month. . . .  6811.48
   Deduct as above stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  324.
   Balance on interest from the 1st Jany 1781 . . . . . . . . . . . . 6487.48/90
   His pay for the year 1781 on interest 1st Jany 1782 . . . . . . .  1992.
   His pay for the year 1782 interest 1st Jany 1783 . . . . . . . . . 1992.
   His pay from the 1st Jany to the 3d Nov: 1783 . . . . . . . . . .  1676.54
   Commutation of 5 years full pay in lieu of half during life . . .  9960.
                             . . . . . . . . . . . . Dollars        11,636.54/90
                                     Summary
   Balance to the 1st Jany 1781 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6487.48
   Pay of the year 1781 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1992.
   Pay of . . . . . . . 1782 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1992.
   Ditto . . . . . . . . 1783 & commutn . . . . . . . . . . . 11,636.54
   To extra pay, while on separate command, suppose one year
   the precise time to be ascertained a future period . . . . . 1992.
                                            Dollars            24100.12/90

            War Department Accountants office December 24th 1793 Signed Joseph Howell Accountant.


Title: To George Washington from William Vans Murray, 30 December 1793
From: Murray, William Vans
To: Washington, George

            Sir,
            30. Dec. 1793.

          Among the candidates for the office of Collector of the port of Annapolis is Mr
              Pinckney—a young gentleman in high estimation among
            his acquaintances—He is a store Keeper but not an importer. He is a steady, competent
            & worthy man to whom the office might be an object & of whose capacity as well
            as integrity I have a very good opinion. I am Sir with great
            deference Yr most obt ser.

            W. V. Murray.


Title: From George Washington to the United States Senate and House of Representatives, 30 December 1793
From: Washington, George
To: United States Senate and House of Representatives

            Gentlemen of the Senate, and of the House of Representatives,
            United States 30th December 1793.

          I communicate to you the translation of a letter received from the Representatives of
            Spain here, in reply to that of the Secretary of State to them of the 21st inst: which
            had before been communicated to you.

            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to the United States Senate and House of Representatives, 30 December 1793
From: Washington, George
To: United States Senate and House of Representatives

            Gentlemen of the Senate and of the House of Representatives
            United States Decr 30. 1793.

          I lay before you for your consideration a letter from the Secretary of State, informing
            me of certain impediments, which have arisen to the coinage of the precious metals at
            the mint.
          As also a letter from the same Officer relative to certain advances of money, which
            have been made on public account. Should you think proper to sanction what has been
            done, or be of opinion that any thing more shall be done in the same way, you will judge
            whether there are not circumstances which would render secrecy expedient.

            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Jefferson, 31 December 1793
From: Washington, George
To: Jefferson, Thomas

            Dear Sir
            31st Decr 1793.

          It is my wish that the result of the determination on Mr G—ts request may go to him
            with your Signature, and of this date. It was for this
            reason I aimed at a decision on it Sunday or yesterday.
            Yours always

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Jefferson, 31 December 1793
From: Jefferson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

            Sir,
            Philadelphia Decr 31. 1793.

          I have the honor to enclose you a statement of the expenditure of the monies
            appropriated to our intercourse with foreign nations to be laid before the legislature
            according to the requisitions of the law.
          The account of the Secretary of State commences July 1. 1792, where that rendered at
            the last session, ended; and is brought down to this time. In the two preceding Years of
            this appropriation, Bills of Exchange were given me from the Treasurer on our Bankers at
            Amsterdam: so that the remittance of these Bills to the Bankers, for the credit of the
            Department of State, constituted a separate Deposite in their hands, on which the public
            Agents abroad, might draw for their salaries & other authorized expenditures. For
            the last year an order was given me by the Treasurer on the Bank of the United States,
            Bills of Exchange were purchased by an Agent employed for that purpose, and the money
            was paid to the Drawers by the Bank, on my Orders. As Amsterdam was at one time in
            danger of an attack, and the seat of war continued not very distant from it, it was
            thought safer to make the Bills payable to Mr Pinckney, our Minister in London, to be
            remitted by him to our Bankers in Amsterdam, if the place were safe.
          The Deposite being thus transferred to the Bankers of the United States in Amsterdam,
            the monies pass from them into the hands of the public agents abroad, with whom the
            expenditures are final, being for their salaries and other authorized disbursements. The
            account of the Bankers now rendered, from July 1. 1792 to July 1. 1793, shews the sums
            paid to each of these.
          With these payments the ministers are debited, and are required annually on the 1st day
            of July to state and forward their separate accounts to be settled by the proper
            officers of the Treasury. This, with the payments to occasional Agents (generally a very small Article) completes the system of accounts for the foreign fund
            confided to the Department of State.
          I enclose herewith Statements from the accounting Officers of the Treasury vouching my
            own account, begging leave only to observe that the 4,786 dollars, 67 Cents therein
            stated to be due from me, are the same which are stated in my account to be remaining on
            hand in the Bank, and which never have been taken out of it, as is vouched by the Bank
              book. I have the honor to be, with the most perfect
            respect and attachment, Sir, Your most obedient & most humble servant

            Th: Jefferson


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Mifflin, 31 December 1793
From: Mifflin, Thomas
To: Washington, George

            Sir.
            Phil: 31 Dec. 1793

          I have the honor, by the inclosed copies, to communicate to you, a second letter, dated
            the 30 instant, which M. Cassan the Vice-Consul of the French Republic has addressed to
            me, relatively to the intended departure of the Brigantine Peggy, as he supposes, for
            the Mole and St Jeremie; and ⟨my⟩ answer to him on the subject.
          This opportunity is, likewise, taken, to lay before you, a copy of the report of the
            Master Warden of the port of Phila., on the real destination of the
            vessel in question. I am, with perfect respect, Sr, Yr
            most obed. serv.


Title: From George Washington to William White, 31 December 1793
From: Washington, George
To: White, William

          (Private)
          Dear Sir,Philadelphia 31st Decembr
              1793
          It has been my intention ever since my return to the City, to
            contribute my mite towards the relief of the most needy
            inhabitants of it. The pressure of public business hitherto, has suspended, but not
            altered my resolution. I am at a loss, however, for whose benefit to apply the little I
            can give; & into whose hands to place it; whether for the use of the fatherless
            children & widows (made so by the late calamity) who may find it difficult, whilst
            Provisions, Wood & other necessaries are so dear, to support themselves; or to
            other, and better purposes (if any) I know not; and therefore have taken the liberty of
            asking your advice.
          I persuade myself, justice will be done my motives for giving you this trouble. To
            obtain information, & to render the little I can afford without ostentation or
            mention of my name are the sole objects of these enquiries—With great & sincere
            esteem and regard I am—Dear Sir Your Most Obedt & Affecte Servt

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Adhemar de Brethoux, December 1793
From: Brethoux, Le Chevalier Adhemar de
To: Washington, George

            Mon general
            [December 1793]

          de grands malheurs qui vous sont déja Connus M’ont obligé de venir reclammer un asile
            de la generosité du peuple que vous presides, et contre toute attente, aulieû d’arriver
            á philadelphie pour oû je M’étois embarqué d’autres malheurs qu’on risque à la mer, ont apparemment Contraints le Capitaine de faire voile á la
            providance oû je suis arrivé de mon depart de lisle de saint domaingue.
          les Sollicitudes, les chagrins, que me casent ma famille passe dans des terres
            etrangeres, et des persecutions personnelles dans le pays francais, ont tellement alteré
            ma santé que je nai cessé d’etre malade dans cétte ville oû ma situation me fait luire
            un jour que je n’avais jamais vû, même, au milieu, des revolutions oû je me suis trouvé.
            Je ne parle point la langue, j’ai tout perdu dans l’incendie du Cap francais, argent
            bijoux habits et presque la vie. mon sort, et les grands actions dont mes parents qui
            etoient à la tete de l’armée dans le francaise puis et qui ont servi avec vous, m’ont
            parlé sancesse a votre sujet, Mon general, m’ont encouragé dans mes peines actuelles et
            me font esperer que vous prandrai part aux infortunes d’un gentilhomme qui a projetté
            depuis plusieurs annees de venir vous pries d’accuillir ces civilités respectueuses, et
            admirer un grand homme, C’est une Continuation de contrarieté qui casent que je ne suis
            pas deja a philadelphie. Vuilles Bien je vous prie mon general ecrire au gouverneur de
            cétte ville l’intérét que vous voudres prandre a moi, et de me secourir dans des Besoins
            que je n’avois jamais prevû. je lui remettres votre
            lettre; on m’a assuré qu’il etoit on ne peut pas plus digne d’un emploi de
            Bienfaisance.
          j’aurai mille fois mieux aimé vous conter de vive voix Ce qui est dans ma lettre, mais
            j’espere Bien M’en dedommager des que je le pourrai en vous presentent Ces Sentiments
            respectueux avec les quels j’ai l’honneur d’etre Mon general Votre tres humble et tres
            obeissant Serviteur
          le chevalier adhemar de Brethoux

            Chevalier honnaraire de l’ordre des Malthe


Title: Rotations of Crops for Dogue Run, 1793
From: Washington, George
To:

            [1793]

                                        Rotations of Crops for Dogue Run
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. of                                                Rotation No. 1
              ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 the Fields    1793         1794          1795            1796              1797         1798         1799
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 3            Corn &       Wheat         B. Wheat       Wheat             Clover       Clover       Clover
              Potatoes                   for Manure                       or Grass     or Grass     or Grass
 4            Clover       Corn &        Wheat          B. Wheat          Wheat        Clover       Clover
              or Grass     Potatoes                     for Manure                     or Grass     or Grass
 5            Clover       Clover        Corn &         Wheat             B. Wheat     Wheat        Clover
              or Grass     or Grass      Potatoes                         for Manure                or Grass
 6            Clover       Clover        Clover         Corn or           Wheat        B. Wheat     Wheat
              or Grass     or Grass      or Grass       Potatoes                       for Manure
 7            Wheat        Clover        Clover         Clover            Corn or      Wheat        B. Wheat
                           or Grass      or Grass       or Grass          Potatoes                  for Manure
 1            B. Wheat     Wheat         Clover         Clover            Clover       Corn &       Wheat
              for Manure                 or Grass       or Grass          or Grass     Potatoes
 2            Wheat        B. Wheat      Wheat          Clover            Clover       Clover       Corn &
                           for Manure                   or Grass          or Grass     or Grass     Potatoes
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                         Number of Plowings—the times at which they must be given—and the days it will take
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
         acres                                                 Fall   Wintr   Mar.   Aprl   May   June   July   Augt   Sep.   Total
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. 3    75     Corn & Pots.            Breaking up           100                                                            100
                                         layg off, & listing                   60                                              60
                                         crossing for Plantg                          10                                       10
                                         Plowing Balks                                       70                                70
                                         Crossing them                                             70                          70
                                         Re-crossing                                                      70                   70
                                         Sowing Wheat                                                            75            75
 4
 5⎫
  ⎬      225     Clovr or Grass
 6⎭
 1        75     B. Wheat for Man[ur]e   Breaking up           100                                                            100
                                         Crossing for Sowg                           100                                      100
                                         Plowing in                                               100                         100
 2        75     Wheat                   Corn grd
 7        75     Ditto                   on B: Wheat                                                            100           100
        ─────                                                 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
         525                                                   200             60    110     70   170     70    175           855
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                                                             Probable Yield.
══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
 No. 3              75 in Corn                       a 12½ bushls              937½ bushls             a 2/6             £117.3.9
                       & Potatoes                      12½                     937½                      1/                46.17.6
    2    ⎫
    7    ⎬         150 Wheat                            10                    1500                      5/                375
         ⎭
    1               75 B. Wht for Mane
    4    ⎫
    5    ⎬         255 Clover or Grass
    6    ⎭
                   ───                                                        ──────                                     ─────────
                   525                                                         3375                                      £539.1.3

                                                                Remarks
                                              ═══════════════════════════════════════
 The above Rotation favors the land very much; inasmuch as there are but three Corn Crops taken in Seven years from any field, & the
 first Wheat Crop is followed by a Buck Wheat manure for the second Wheat Crop, wch is to succeed it; & which by being laid to Clover
 or Grass & continued therein three years will aford much Mowing or Graising, according as the Seasons happen to be, besides being
 a restorative to the Soil. But then, the produce of the Saleable Crops is small, unless encreased by the improving State of the fields.
 Nor will the Grain for the use of the Farm be adequate to the consumpti<on> of it in this Course, and this is an essential object to
 attend to--& quere--whether the Clover does not remain too long.

                                                 Rotation No. 2 Same place.
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. of
 the Fields    1793         1794         1795              1796            1797        1798          1799
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 3            Corn &       B: Wheat     B. Wheat          Wheat           Clover       Wheat        Clover
              Potatoes                  for Manure
 4            Clover       Corn &       B: Wheat          B. Wheat        Wheat        Clover       Wheat
                           Potatoes                       for Manure
 5            Pasture      Pasture      Corn &            B: Wheat        B: Wheat     Wheat        Clover
                                        Potatoes                          for Manure
 6            Pasture      Wheat        Clover            Corn &          B: Wheat     B. Wheat     Wheat
                                                          Potatoes                     for Manure
 7            Wheat        Clover       Wheat             Clover          Corn &       B. Wheat     B: Wheat
                                                                          Potatoes                  for Manure
 1            B: Wheat     Wheat        Clover            Wheat           Clover       Corn &       B. Wheat
              for Manure                                                               Potatoes
 2            Wheat        B. Wheat     Wheat             Clover          Wheat        Clover       Corn &
                           for Manure                                                               Potatoes
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                                                       Plowings &ca &ca for the above Crops
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
           Acrs.                                             Fall   Wintr   Mar.   Aprl       May   June   July   Aug.   Sep.   Total
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. 3      75     in Corn & Potatoes   same as N. 1         100             60     10        70     70     70     75           455
     4 }   150                Clover
     6 }
     1      75         B: Wheat Crop    breaking up                         100                                                 100
                                        2d Plowing                                                  100                         100
     2      75       Wheat Corn grd
     7      75        Ditto on B: W.    breaking up          100                                                                100
                                        crossg & Sowing                            100                                          100
                                        Plowing in B: W.                                            100                         100
                                        Sowing Wheat                                                              100           100
                     Buck Wht for M.
            75             as above.
           ───                                               ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
           525                                               200            160    110        70    270     70    175          1055
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                                                    Probable Yield
══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
                                                                                Bushls
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. 3             75 in Corn                         12½ bushls            937½                a 2/6         £117.3.9
                      & Potatoes                      12½ Do                937½                  1/            40.17.6
     4 ⎫
     5 ⎬          225 Clover & Grass
     6 ⎭

     2 ⎫
       ⎬          150 Wheat                           10                   1500                   5/           375
     7 ⎭
                   75 suppd in B. Wheat                                     900                  1/8            75
                  ───                                 12                    ───                               ────────
                  525                                                     4,275                               £614.1.3
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                                                       Remarks.
                                                     ═══════════
 By the above Rotation, 900 bushls of B. Wheat, amounting to £75, is added to the proceeds of No. 1 at the expence
 of 200 days more plowing--And no two Corn Crops follow in immediate succession. Wheat, in one instance, follows
 a Clover lay on a single Plowing; the success of this, tho’ well ascertained in England, may not answer so well in
 this Country, where our lands from the exhausted State of them require more manure than the Farm can afford &
 our Seasons are very precarious.

                                                 Rotation No. 3 same place
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. of
 the Fields     1793         1794       1795            1796              1797       1798         1799
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 3            Corn &       Wheat      B: Wheat         Wheat           B: Wheat     Clover       Clover
              Potatoes                for Manure                                    or othr      or other
                                                                                Grass        Grasses
 4            Clover       Corn &     Wheat            B. Wheat        Wheat        B: Wheat     Clover
              or othr      Potatoes                    for Manure                                or other
              Grasses                                                                            Grasses
 5            Clover       Clover     Corn &           Wheat           B: Wheat     Wheat        B: Wheat
              or other     or other   Potatoes                         for Manure
              Grasses      Grasses
 6            B: Wheat     Clover     Clover           Corn &          Wheat        B: Wheat     Wheat
                           or other   or other         Potatoes                     for Manure
                           Grasses    Grasses
 7            Wheat        B. Wheat   Clover           Clover          Corn &       Wheat        B: Wheat
                                      or other         or other        Potatoes                  for Manure
                                      Grasses          Grasses
 1            B: Wheat     Wheat      B: Wheat         Clover          Clover       Corn &       Wheat
              for Manure                               or other        or other     Potatoes
                                                       Grasses         Grasses
 2            Wheat        B: Wheat   Wheat            B. Wheat        Clover       Clover       Corn &
              for Manure   or other   or other                         or other     or other     Potatoes
                                                                                Grasses      Grasses
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                                            Plowings &ca &ca for the above Crops
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
          acrs.                          Fall    Winr    Mar.     Apl      May     June   July   Aug.   Sepr   Total
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. 3     75       in Corn as before    100               60       10      70      70     70     75            455
                                 & P.
     4 ⎫
       ⎬  150           Clover or &ca
     5 ⎭
     6     75                B: Wheat                              100                                          100
                           2d Plowing                                              100                          100
     1     75             B: Wht Mane
                          1st Plowing                     100
                         2. do & sowg                                      100                                  100
                        3 do plowg in                                                     100                   100
                        4 do Sowg Wht                                                            100            100
     7     75     Wheat sown as above
     2     75           Wht with Corn
           ──                           ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
                                         100                       160     110     170    170    170    175     955
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                                                    Probable Yield
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
                         acrs.                                                  Bushls
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. 3              75 in Corn                  a 12½ bushls              937½                 2/6         £117. 3.9
                       & Potatoes                 12½ Do                  937½                 1/            40.17.6
     4   ⎫
         ⎬         150 Clovr or Grass
     5   ⎭
     6              75 B. Wheat                   12                      900                  1/8           75
     1              75 B. Wht Mane
     2   ⎫
         ⎬         150 Wheat                      10                     1500                  5/           375
     7   ⎭         ─────────                                             ────                               ───
                   525                                                   4275                              £614.1.3
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 The above Rotation in point of produce & profit is precisely the same as No. 2 but differs in the succession of Crops.
 It requires about the same Plowings; and these plowings are pretty regularly distributed through the Spring & Summer
 Months. The Wheat field which follows the B: Wheat manure, might have the Stubble turned in immediately after harvest
 for manure and for Green food (proceeding from the shattered grain) for Sheep, Calves &ca in the Winter & Spring.

                                     Rotation No. 4 same Place
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. of
 the Fields    1793       1794       1795           1796          1797       1798       1799
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 3            Corn &     Wheat      B. Wht         Clover        Wheat      B: Wheat   Clover
              Potatoes
 4            Clover     Corn &     Wheat          B. Wht        Clover     Wheat      B. Wheat
                         Potatoes
 5            B. Wht     Clover     Corn &         Wheat         B. Wht     Clover     Wheat
                                    Potatoes
 6            Clover     B. Wht     Clover         Corn &        Wheat      B. Wht     Clover
                                                   Potatoes
 7            Wheat      Clover     B. Wht         Clover        Corn &     Wheat      B. Wheat
                                                                 Potatoes
 1            B. Wht     Wheat      Clover         B. Wht        Clover     Corn &     Wheat
                                                                            Potatoes
 2            Wheat      B. Wht     Wheat          Clover        B. Wht     Clover     Corn &
                                                                                Potatoes
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                                                    Plowings &ca &ca for the above Crops
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
           acs.                                       Fall   Win     Mar.    Aprl    May   June   July   Aug.   Sep.   Total
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. 3     75    for Corn & Potatoes                  100             60      10      70   70     70      75           455
     4⎫
     6⎬   150    Clover
      ⎭
     5⎫
      ⎬   150    B. Wheat               breakg                               100     100                               200
     1⎭
                                        Sowing                                             100    100                  200
     7⎫
      ⎬   150    Wheat—one field
     2⎭          follows. Corn.
                 The other Clover.
                                        1 plowing                                                        100           100
                                                    ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
                                                      100             60     110     170   170    170    175           955
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                                                  Probable Yield
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
                       Acrs.                               Bushls                       Bushls
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. 3            75 in Corn                      a 12½               937½              a 2/6           £117.3.9
                     same in Potatoes               12½               937½                1/              46.17.6
     4   ⎫
         ⎬       150 Clover
     6   ⎭
     5   ⎫
         ⎬       150 B. Wheat                       12               1800                 1/8            150
     1   ⎭
     7   ⎫
         ⎬       150 Wheat                          10               1500                 5/             375
     2   ⎭
                 ───                                                 ────                               ────────
                 525                                                 5175                               £689.1.3
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                                                     Remarks.
                                           ═══════════════════════════
 This Rotation, for quantity of Grain & the profit arising from it, is more productive than either of the
 preceeding; and with no more plowing, excepting No. 1—No field gives more than three Corn Crops in 7. years, except
 the Crop of B: Wht. The last of wch with the Indian Corn, will be more than adequate for all the demands of the
 Farm. The Clover is to be Sown with the B. W. in July; and by being only one year in the grd may be too expensive
 on acct of the Seed—nor will the fields in this Course receive any green manure. and the advantages of sowing Wheat
 on a Clover lay in this Country is not well ascertained—again, preparg 2 fields for B. Wht may in practi<ce> be
 found difficult—Wheat Stubble might be plowed in here for Spring food.

                                      Rotation No. 5 Same Place.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. of
 the fields    1793       1794       1795           1796           1797       1798       1799
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 3            Corn &     Wheat      Clover         Wheat          Clover     Whea       B. Wheat
              Potato’s
 4            B. Wheat   Corn &     Wheat          Clover         Wheat      Clover     Wheat
                         Potatoes
 5            Wheat      B: Wht     Corn &         Wheat          Clover     Wheat      Clover
                                    Potatoes
 6            Clover     Wheat      B: Wht         Corn &         Wheat      Clover     Wheat
                                                   Potatoes
 7            Wheat      Clover     Wheat          B: Wht         Corn &     Wheat      Clover
                                                                  Potatoes
 1            Clover     Wheat      Clover         Wheat          B: Wht     Corn &     Wheat
                                                                             Potatoes
 2            Wheat      Clover     Wheat          Clover         Wheat      B. Wht     Corn &
                                                                                Potatoe
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                                             Plowings &ca &ca for the above Crops
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
             Acs.                                 Fall   Winr   Mar.     Apl    May   June   July   Augt   Sep.   Total
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. 3        75     for Corn & Potatoes         100             60      10     70    70     70      75           455
     4        75    B: Wht      breakg up                100                                                      100
                                2d Plowing                                            100                         100
     6   ⎫
         ⎬   150    Clover
     1   ⎭
     2        75    Wheat corn grd
     5   ⎫
         ⎬   150    Ditto on Clovr
     7   ⎭                      1 Plowing                                                           105    105    210

───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
                                                 100     100     60      10     70    170    70     180    105    865
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                                             Probable Yield.
═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
             Acrs.                                                         Bushls
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. 3        75 in Corn                           12½ Bushls             937½              2/6        £117. 3.9
                 same in Potatoes                  12½                    937½              1/           46.17.3
     4        75 B. Wheat                          12                     900               1/8          75.0.0
     6   ⎫
         ⎬   150 Clover
     1   ⎭
     2   ⎫
     5   ⎬   225 Wheat                             10                    2250               5/          562.10.0
     7   ⎭
             525                                                         5025                          £801.11.0
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                                                   Remarks.
                                         ═══════════════════════════
 By the above Rotations, the quantity of Grain is nearly equal to that of No. 4, and the value of it greater;
 occasioned by the encrease of Wheat. This rotation is effected with as little plowing as No. 1. and with less than
 in either of the other three Numbers, 2, 3 & 4. But in this course no Green manure is introduced, except plowing in
 Clover is so considered; and the quality of the Clover on much reduced Land is to be questioned—& the practice of
 sowing on it as has been observed in some of the other numbers not much used, nor the advantages of it well
 ascertained—Besides there is the expence of Clover Seed for 150 Acres every year to be encountered.

                                             Rotation No. 6 same Farm.
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. of
 the Fields     1793          1794          1795           1796            1797         1798          1799
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 3            Corn &        Wheat         B: Wheat        Wheat &        B. Wh.        Wheat         B. Wheat
              Potatoes                    for Manure      the Stubble    ½Crop &                     for Manure
                                                          Plowed in      ½ Mane
 4            B. Wheat      Corn &        Wheat           B. Wheat       Wheat &       B. Wh.        Wheat
              for Manure    Potatoes                      for Manure     the Stubble   ½ Crop &
                                                                         Plowed in     ½ Mane
 5            Wheat         B. Wheat      Corn &          Wheat          B. Wheat      Wheat &       B. Wh.
                            for Manure    Potatoes                       for Manure    the Stubble   ½ Crop
                                                                                Plowed in     ½ Mane
 6            B. Wh.        Wheat         B. Wheat        Corn &         Wheat         B. Wheat      Wheat &
              ½ Crop                      for Manure      Potatoes                     for Manure    the Stubble
              ½ Mane                                                                                Plowed in
 7            Wheat &       B. Wh.        Wheat           B. Wheat       Corn &        Wheat         B. Wheat
              the Stubble   ½ Crop                        for Manure                                 for Manure
              Plowed in     ½ Mane
 1            B. Wheat      Wheat &       B. Wh.          Wheat          B. Wheat      Corn &        Wheat
              for Manure    the stubble   ½ Crop                         for Manure    Potatoes
                            Plowed in     ½ Mane
 2            Wheat         B. Wheat      Wheat &         B. Wh.         Wheat         B. Wheat      Corn &
                            for Manure    the stubble     ½ Crop                       for Manure    Potatoes
                                          Plowed in       ½ Mane
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                                                  Plowings &ca &ca for the above Crops
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
         Acrs.                             Fall      Winr     Mar.    Aprl     May       June   July   Aug.   Sep.   Total
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 No. 3    75         of Corn & Potatoes    100                 60       10      70        70     70     75           455
     4    75          B: Wheat for Mane
                            breaking up              100                                                             100
                             2d Plowing                               100                                            100
     5    75         Wheat single Plowg                                                                       100    100
     6    75      B. Wheat for Mane &ca
                            breaking up                       100                                                    100
     2                          plowing                                         50              50                   100
     1    75            B. Wht for Mane
                            breaking up    100                                                                       100
                 2d Plowing 1st of June                                                  100                         100
     2    75            Wheat Corn grd
     7    75            Ditto on B. Wht
                    1st plowg in B. Wh.                                                         100                  100
                       2 Plowing in Wht                                                                100           100
                                           200       100      160      110     120       170    220    175    100    1355
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

                                               Probable Yield
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
          Acrs.
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  No. 3     75 in Corn                          a 12½             937½ Bushls            a 2/6       £117.3.9
               Same in Potatoes                   12½             937½                     1/         46.17.6
  5   ⎫
  7   ⎬    225 Wheat                              10             2250                      5/         562.10.
  2   ⎭
  4   ⎫
  1   ⎬    150 B. Wheat Man.
  6   ⎭     75 ½ Mane 37½ Crop                    12              450                      1/8        37.10.0
           ───                                                   ────                                 ────────
           525                                                   4575                                 764.1.3
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  The above is the 2d most productive Rotation; but the fields receive no rest, being every year under the
  Plow, nor in this course is there any field in grass or pasture: and besides, the qty of Plowing exceeds any
  of the other Rotations by 280 days & most of them considerably more. The advantage it has over any of
  the others is, the frequent dressings with Green manure. Plowing one of the Wheat fields immediately
  after Harvest will by means of the Wheat Stubble also help the Land, and afford Green food for Ewes &
  Lambs, Calves & Mules during the Winter & Spring.

  Note,
    No mention is made of Harrowing in any of the foregoing Rotations; because, except in the Indian
  Corn, it may be done principally, if not wholly by Oxen.
    The plowing is calculated at ¾ of an Acre pr day. If then, one Plow will go over a
  75 Acre field in 100 days—five plows will do it in 20 days. In some ground, in the State of it—and
  according to the Seasons, an Acre at least ought to be plowed pr day by each Team; but ¾ of an Acre is
  calculated upon in order to reduce it to more certainty.
    The fields are all estimated at 75 Acs. each (although they run a little more or less) for the sake of
  more easy calculation of the Crops & to shew their comparative yield.