Title: From George Washington to Major General Horatio Gates, 26 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Gates, Horatio

            sir
            Head Qrs [Fredericksburg] Septemr the 26: 1778

          I have been favoured with your Letter of the 23d Inst.
          That the Enemy have a movement in view seems more than probable—but whether they mean to leave—or still to act on the Continent, is a point difficult to determine. If they move from New York and the latter is their plan, I think with you, that they will direct their force to the Eastward. The french squadron under Count D’Estaing, is an important object, and if they could effect it’s destruction, it would give them a great—if not a decisive superiority at sea.
          The Commissary is directed to exert himself for laying up Magazines of provision, particularly of flour, on the Inland communication between this and Boston, while the season will permit—and the Congress, according to a Letter I lately received, have ordered 20,000 Barrels to be purchased at philadelphia, which they intend to transport by water for the same purpose; but as the Enemy’s Ships possess our Coast, this supply, I fear, is not to be depended on—or at least that it will be exposed to imminent risk in the transportation.
          There is a point, which I wish to mention to you, and I shall be glad if it coincides with your own inclination. If the movements of the Enemy make it necessary for the Main body of the Army to proceed to the Eastward, there will still remain a considerable command for the defence and security of the Highland posts. This from Several resolutions of Congress heretofore upon the subject, and from several other considerations, it seems to me, will be proper for you. The command will and must extend to the forces employed above and on the frontiers of this State; and I am persuaded that you will be agreable to the views & wishes of Congress.
          By a Letter from Genl Scot Just received, the Enemy had advanced nearly as high as our Old camp at the plains. I presume they are out for the purpose of foraging—but in case they proceed farther, he will transmit you the earliest intelligence.
          You will find inclosed some intelligence brought from Boston, by a Gentleman who arrived to day. I wish we may have a confirmation of the engagement between the Duc de Chartres & Admiral Keppel—and of the advantages gained by the former. I am sir Yr Most Obedt servant

            Go: Washington

            p.s. I wish you to send parties to repair the Roads by the way of Newtown for Twenty or Twenty five miles towards Hartford.


Title: From George Washington to Charles Pettit, 26 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Pettit, Charles

            Sir
            Head Quarters [Fredericksburg] 26th Septemr 1778

          Be pleased to give directions for building temporary Barracks at Springfeild for about Sixty and not exceeding one hundred Men. If the Quarter Master will furnish the Materials the Artificers will erect the Building themselves—Genl Knox will give orders to the Artificers to do the Work. I am Yr most obt.


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General Charles Scott, 26 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Scott, Charles

            Dear Sir
            Head Quarters Fredericksburg 26th Sepr 1778

          I have yours of Yesterday. There are three facts contained in it which I would wish you to ascertain if possible. The embarkation of the Troops, their number and destination. The embarkation of the Cavalry, and whether there was a meeting of the Refugees and what was the Business proposed to them. From the correspondence which

            you say you have now established I hope for information that will unfold the real designs of the Enemy. I am &ca.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Winds, 26 September 1778
From: Winds, William
To: Washington, George

            Dr Genl
            [Slotterdam, N.J.] Saterday 2 p.m. [26 September 1778]

          I am <mutilated> at Slaugter Dam with about 600 Men Marchi<ng> toward Sadle River In order to Join Col. Dey the Enemy are in the English Neighbourhood and So along the Road Toward Hackingsack as far as the New Bridge whare they Are Intrenching on the Heighth on booth sides of the New Bridge: I have this Moment Recd Inteligence that the Enemy Are Advancing towards Hackingsack the Bearer will Deliver Your Excellency a Letter from Genl Maxwell which will Inform Your Excellenecy of the Movements to the Southward. I am Dr Sir Your Exencey Most obedient Huml. Sert

            Wm Winds


Title: General Orders, 27 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To:

            Head-Quarters Frederick’sburgh Sunday Septr 27th 1778.
            Parole Hampden—C. Signs Hiram. Hinsdale.


Title: From George Washington to Colonel George Baylor, 27 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Baylor, George

            Dr Sir,
            Head Quarters Frederiksburgh Sepr 27th 1778

          I have directed General Putnam to detach a brigade on the West side of the river, to take post somewhere near Clarks town—You will join this Brigade with the cavalry under your command and act with it ’till further orders. I am Dr Sir Your most Obedt servant.


Title: To George Washington from Major General Horatio Gates, 27 September 1778
From: Gates, Horatio
To: Washington, George

            Sir,
            Danbury [Conn.] 27th Septr 1778.

          This morning at two o’Clock I was honour’d with the receipt of Your Excellency’s Letter of Yesterday’s date.

          From the beginning of the War, I devoted myself to the service of the United States; and while I continue to serve, I shall cheerfully obey all Orders from Congress, or Your Excellency, or any my superior Officer: Your Excellency has therefore, only to signify your Commands, to have them instantly obey’d.
          I have received no accounts of the further motions of the Enemy from General Scott, therefore conclude they retired: I keep such Advanced parties, & Videts, as must I think effectually prevent any surprize upon this post.
          I am much obliged by Your Excellency’s sending me the great News of the disgrace of the Enemy’s Fleet off Brest; a most dreadful disappointment will that event be to England; in my opinion, the total downfall of public Credit will be the Consequence.
          The Bridge across Stratford River is in Hand; and the Roads shall be repaired, as Your Excellency has directed. I am, Sir, Your Excellency’s most Obedient Hume Servt

            Horatio Gates


Title: From George Washington to Major General Johann Kalb, 27 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Kalb, Johann

            Sir,
            Head Quarters Fredericksburgh Sepr 27th 1778

          I have directed General Putnam to send a Brigade on the West side the river to protect the Country from the light parties of the enemy, now in the Jerseys—In order to replace this, You will detach a brigade of your division to Fish Kill town, where it will wait General Putnams orders to join him if it should be necessary. I am Sir Yr Most Obed. ser.


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General William Maxwell, 27 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Maxwell, William

            Sir
            Head Quarters Fredericksburg 27th Septr 1778

          I rec’d yours of the 19th & 22 Inst.
          As the party of the enemy now on a forage in the Jersey, are in considerable force, and from the latest intelligence have taken post at the liberty pole, extending themselves to the New-bridge on the Hackinsac River—You will therefore immediately march to the high grounds west of acquacanack with your Brigade, in order the better to cover the Country the public Stores at Morristown—give confidence to the militia—and promote the driving off the Cattle &ca. It may be expedient to leave a small party at Elizabeth Town to watch the enemy on Staten Island and forward your information from New-york.
          I have ordered a brigade under General Woodford to take post at or near Clarkstown, you will mutually communicate with and assist each other.
          I need not recommend a careful observance of every precaution necessary to prevent a surprise by a sudden and rapid movement of the enemy, and am Sir.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Maxwell, 27 September 1778
From: Maxwell, William
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Elizth Town [N.J.] 27th Septr 1778

          I take this oportunity by Mr Woodroof to inform Your Excellency of our affairs for some days past. I have desired that Coll Baylor would give you constantly an Account of the Hackinsack affairs, The day before yesterday we had a Flag Boat at New york with a little Flour, they saw one 20 Gun ship between 12 & 15 small armed Vessels and about 50 Flat bottom’d Boats go up the North River They also saw 10 or 12 of the small armed Vessels come to Statton such as went up the

            N. River, with a good number of Men in them & General Vaughen at the same time took the Command of the Island; While the Capt. of the Flag was in New york & Statton Island it was every ons opinion that they would attack us, the nigh[t] before last or yesterday morning and was making a Shew of repairing the Bridge opposite to the old Point we had further Information in the morning that they would attack us certainly; at 11 oclock; and at half past 10 they hove in sight 11 sloops Schooners Gundalows &Ca besides a number of flat Bottomed Boats, the day was hasey and we did not know but there was many more in their rear, they came one straight for the Point till two of them got on ground, the rest bore up New ark Bay and the others followed as soon as the tide served, Our Men with the greatest cheerfullness was on the road to the point to dispute the Landing with them. they are now at Browns Ferry or near it in Hackensack River not far from New Ark. I suppose they are going up with some Provisions to their Troops & to bring of[f] some Forrage &Ca. General Heard is at the Short Hills last night with 4 Regts. They have thratned us every night for some time past only last night. I am told that the Enemy does not advance beyond Hackensack River & I am told there is no attacking them below it, General Winds Coll Dye and some others is there If the Enemy was in such a position that I could attack them there with any prospect of success I should be glad & leave General Heard here but it is the opinion of most that there can be nothing more done, than Keep them within the Bounds of Hackensack River, and that it is likely the Enemy would make a stroke here & Process from this to amboy at least if we should go.
          Major Howell Informs me that the Eagle is sailed out of the Hook and he supposes Lord How is on her for England, that 44 Men confined their Capt. on Board a Vessel, they landed the men but the Wind blowd of[f] the Vessel & Capt. again I should be glad to have Your Excellencys advice what I should do. before the Enemy came out the Seamen came to me from 6 to 10 or 12 of a Day I am Your Excellencys Most Obedient Humble Servant

            Wm Maxwell


Title: From George Washington to Otis & Andrews, 27 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Otis & Andrews (firm)

            Gentlemen
            Head Quarters Fredericksburg 27th Sepr 1778

          This will be delivered to you by Capt. Smith of Colo. Baylors Regiment, the Officer appointed to procure Cloathing. By the directions of the Board of War, you are only to provide for the number of Men actually now in the Regiment, which amount by the Adjutant Generals Certificate to 159. But there are between twenty and thirty Recruits on the way from Virginia not included in the Return who must be provided for; add to these the chance of a few more recruits and to make up for casualties and you may encrease the Quantity to 200 Coats & Cloak—Waistcoats, and other cloathing has been provided in Philada.
          Be pleased to make me an exact return of the Cloths, Linens, and other Articles suitable for Officer’s wear that you have upon hand, and let me know whether a further quantity for such purposes could be procured if orders were given to you to purchase. I am &ca.


Title: From George Washington to Major General Israel Putnam, 27 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Putnam, Israel

            Dear Sir
            Head Quarters Fredericksburg 27th Sepr 1778

          Be pleased to send Genl Woodfords Brigade to the West side of the River with orders to fall down towards Clarks town, for the purpose of hindering the Enemy from advancing parties from their main body about Hackensack Bridge, to carry off the Stock which has been drove out of the Necks. I have directed Baron Kalb to send a Brigade from his Division to Fishkill, who will be ready to come to your assistance should the enemy advance forward upon this side of the River—Genl Woodford had better not take Artillery or Carriages of any kind with him, because if the Enemy advance in force upon him he will have to retreat thro’ the passes that lead to the Fort at West point. You will take proper measures for supplying this detachment with provisions. I am &ca.


Title: To George Washington from Major General Israel Putnam, 27 September 1778
From: Putnam, Israel
To: Washington, George

            Dear Sir
            Highlands [N.Y.] 27th septr 1778

          By the latest accounts from the other side of the River, the Enemy, have been reinforcing considerably, and have got 17 Feild peices at the liberty pole. Their intention I amagine is to plunder the Country, of all the stock they can collect and return. I have not an Idea of their Visiting us at this post. We continue to send Fatigue to the Fort daily. I am dear sir Yr Most Obedt Servant.

            Israel Putnam


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General Charles Scott, 27 September 1778
From: Scott, Charles
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            North Castle Church [N.Y.] Sept. 27th 1778

          From the best account that I have been Able to get the enemy have no design of Moving Their main body farther than their presant incampment, about Volentins hill, they keep out Strong Forraging parties up as high as dobs’s ferry and on the other Side to wards House, they have taken off large Quantitys of wheat in the Straw and all the hay that is in that Country which is carryed Immediatly on Board of Vessels lying off Phillaps’s Hous, they have Robed and plunder’d the Inhabatance In a most Cruil manner, Striped the Cloths of the Children of many Famalys and hant left them an Attams worth of any thing to Subsist on. ther is no distintion made between whig and Tory. I am this moment informd by a woman From New York who Came up the North River by Water, and left the City Yesterday that She Saw the British Light Horse on Board and that she heard a Lieutenant of a Man of War Say that they war about to make An expedition to New London, that they had made one attempt in which they faild but he believed that would not be the Case this time. She says that there is a Very great Bustle about town a move to Some place is Cirtainly in adjutation but whether It be as the Lieut. Says to New London or not She is not able to say. Capt. Leavenworth is now down In order to meet a person from York I hope at His Return to be able to give You farther Accounts We had taken Yesterday from our hors patrolls one man from Lees Corps and another from Sheldons.
          the Field officers whom I had Reconnoitring this Country for a proper position for my Corps to take Report to me that this Spot, is the most elligable To secure our Retreat to the highlands at the

            Continental Village and to answer Your Excellencys Wish in Securing that pass. I therefore Shall stay Hear untill Your Excellencys Pleasure is known on the matter—I am Still so onwell that I am not Able to Reconnoiter the Country my self, but I Trust that my faithfull officers (for so I may with Propriety say) will not misleed me. I am Your Excellencys Obt Servant

            Chs Scott

          p.s. I am afraid that the Hurry of the Business of Yesterday Causd me to forget to date my letter of last evening For which Your Excellency will please to pardon me.


Title: From George Washington to Major General John Sullivan, 27 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Sullivan, John

            Dear Sir
            Head Quarters Fredericksburg 27th Sepr 1778

          I am favd with yours of the 22d 23d and 24th instants. I cannot conceive what transports those can be that have come into Newport Harbour, except they are those from Hallifax. None have lately gone from New york—It will be very material to know with certainty from whence they came and whether they had any troops on board. If they are those from Hallifax, and empty, it gives weight to an opinion entertained by many that the enemy mean to evacuate the States totally. They are at present busily employed in foraging in Bergen County

            and between Kingsbridge and the Plains. These parties obstruct our communication with the City, and have rendered it very difficult to obtain intelligence for some days past. By the last accounts from thence there were many circumstances that led to a belief that an evacuation was intended—I am Dear Sir yrs &ca.


Title: To George Washington from Major General John Sullivan, 27 September 1778
From: Sullivan, John
To: Washington, George

            Dear Genl
            Head Quarters Providence Septr 27th [1778]

          I have heard little from the Enemy since the date of my last. They are erecting Barracks on the Island, and have sent off many of the Inhabetants. Circumstances, which convince me they propose taking up their Winter Quarters there. I have the honor to be, with the most exalted esteem, Dr General Yr Excellencys most obedt hble Serv.

            Jno. Sullivan.


Title: To George Washington from Colonel James Wood, 27 September 1778
From: Wood, James
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Camp Opposite West Point 27th Sept. 1778.

          Since I received your Excellency’s Instructions, I have Obtained an Extract from the Act of Assembly of Virginia, allowing an Additional Bounty; which I do myself the Honor of Inclosing; it Came in a Letter from Colo. Lyne who is now a member of the House.
          I have put the money which I received from the Pay master Genl into the Hands of five Officers of the Brigade, who I think the most likely to Answer the Purpose Intended, but am not so happy as to Give your Excellency any favorable Accounts of their Success; the Idea of receiving large Premiums as Substitutes Seem Generally to Prevail; some of them Seem Inclinable to enter into the Cavalry, but I am very Apt to Believe it will be Impossible to engage many of them in the Infantry. I am with the Greatest respect Sir Yr Very Obt Servt

            James Wood.


Title: General Orders, 28 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To:

            Head-Quarters Frederick’sburgh Monday Septr 28th 1778.
            Parole Lincolnshire–C. Signs Leyden. Littleton.


Title: To George Washington from Major John Clark, Jr., 28 September 1778
From: Clark, John Jr.
To: Washington, George

            My dear General
            Auditors Office [Fredericksburg]Septr 28th 1778

          I must now solicit your good advice on a matter which concerns not only the Army, but the public in general; and I flatter myself from your usual candor you will grant it me.
          By the resolves of Congress lately transmitted to me, I find Congress not as yet, disposed to make any further allowance to Officers that have been sent on the recruiting service, and I am directed to put their Resolutions in force; and consequently compel the Officers to a settlement: I must confess that I scarcely know how to act—to have recourse to rigorous measures (& nothing less at present will do) has ever been against my opinion (& ought to be the dernier resort) since the commencement of this Office; and particularly at this time, as there appears to be rather a spirit of opposition prevailing among those Gentlemen, arising from the justness of their claims To agravate this at so critical a period; would, I conceive be a species of madness, truly impolitic, and answer no valuable purpose, and therefore wish to make a proper representation to Congress in their behalf: And I flatter myself from my knowledge of their Accounts and distresses, that Congress will be pleased to do what is just therein.
          I gave a hint some time since to their honors on this matter, & at that time, they promised me it shou’d be done, and the allowance fixed by your Excellency and the Auditors. If this was done, I am confident it wou’d have the happiest effects, the Officers would then present their Accts for settlement, and exert themselves in discharge of the trust reposed when sent on that service: Let me also add, the public will be benefited and it’s business transacted with facility and satisfaction to all parties, & so vice versa.

          If something of this kind is not immediately done, my fears suggest the recruiting Accounts (except such as have balances due from the States) will never be settled, and the public (from the many casualties & scattered state of the Army) lose immense sums, as there appears to be almost a total stagnation of that part of the business—And as well May I attempt to change the system of the Universe, as the disposition and genius of the Army by compelling them to settle and if I could, I should do great violence to my own feelings, and injustice to hundreds of Individuals that must inevitably be ruined. Many Accounts have been exhibited by some of the most worthy Characters in the Army which I could not possibly allow, and at present, (the same spirit animates the whole,) they declare they cannot settle without injuring their Families and doing great injustice to themselves, & unless a reasonable allowance is made them never will. If matters of greater moment are not before you, I cou’d wish to have your sentiments on this Subject, & the allowance necessary to be made: or the pleasure of conversing with you, which ever will be most agreeable. I hope you will excuse the liberty I have taken in trespassing on your time. I have the honor to be with the greatest Respect Your Excellency’s most Obedt

            Jno. Clark Junr


Title: From George Washington to Major General Horatio Gates, 28 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Gates, Horatio

            Sir
            Head Quarters [Fredericksburg] 28 Sepr 1778

          I have yours of this date inclosing the proceedings of a Court Martial upon Colo. Brewer.
          General Scott was directed to send you intelligence, if the Enemy made a serious advance; but as they have hitherto kept their main Body upon Valentines Hill, and only sent out Foragers as far as the plains, he has thought there was no occasion to trouble you. The party in Jersey lay still in Bergen Neck—have no Waggons with them, and only collect what they want for subsistance.
          The Returns you mention were recieved, and delivered to the Adjutant General. I imagine his letter, demanding them, was wrote before they got to his hands. I am Sir Your most obt Servt

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Major General William Heath, 28 September 1778
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

            Dear General
            Head Quarters Boston 28 Septr 1778.

          I have been honored with the receipt of yours of the 22d and 23d Instant. Am confident that your Excellency will make the best distribution of the Grand Army for the public defence in every quarter.

          I have not yet seen Major Nichola—when he arrives I shall afford him every assistance in my power.
          I am happy to acquaint your Excellency that at present the utmost harmony subsists between the Americans & French, both Officers & Seamen.
          The Orders given for calling in the Militia mentioned by Major General Greene, upon a change of appearances of the intentions of the Enemy were countermanded before they had marched; 1200 Men who were ordered by the Council of this State on the 7th instant to be detached to reinforce Genl Sullivan have since been ordered to the posts around this Harbour to repair, complete and Garrison the Works, about 200 have already come in, and others upon the march, perhaps about Two thirds of the number ordered will come in. If your Excellency is not of a different opinion, I think as the Guards before were extremely weak, these will be needfull for a time, as they are necessary to complete the works and convince the french Officers that we mean to defend the place in case of invasion.
          Yesterday a William Colvill who says he was an Ensign in the Royal Scotch Emigrants at Halifax arrived here from that place. He says he left the Battalion on account of his dislike to the Officers in general who are all Scotchmen (he being an Irishman) and some difference with the Commanding Officer; I find he never received his Commission, he is very intelligent, has an Uncle, Colonel of Militia, in Canada, another, Captain of a 50 Gun Ship in America, and is nearly related to Sir George Colvill. I shall carefully observe his conduct. I have now sent him to the Council.
          Governor Tryon’s collecting the Cattle on Long Island, and General Gray from Martha’s Vineyard; the return of Lord Howe’s Fleet to the Hook and the Troops under General Gray to long Island seem to coincide with Colvill’s declaration of their preparing for some Grand Expedition which I think it is probable will soon take place. I have thought it my duty to give your Excellency the earliest notice of this intelligence.
          I do myself the honor to enclose a letter from Mr Fletcher this moment received, by which your Excellency will find a considerable quantity of Cloathing has been sent on since the 19th Instant.
          There are here about One Hundred Invalids, part of whom are in extreme want of Cloathing—I apprehend it will be agreeable to your pleasure that Cloathing be stopped for them—I shall give orders accordingly. I have the honor to be with the greatest respect Your Excellency’s Most Obedient humble Servant

            W. Heath


Title: To George Washington from Major General Lafayette, 28 September 1778
From: Lafayette, Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de
To: Washington, George

            dear general
            Boston 28th September 1778

          The News I have got from france, the Reflexions I have made by myself, and these which have been Suggested to me by many people, particularly by the Admiral, increase more than ever the desire I had of Seeing again your excellency—I want to Communicate you my Sentiments, and take your opinion upon my present Circumstances—that I look upon as of An high moment to my private business and feelings—on the other hand I have some ideas, and have got some intelligences upon public interests, which I Am very desirous of disclosing to your excellency—I am Sure, my dear general, that your Sentiments upon my private Concerns are such, that you will have no objection to my Spending Some hours with you.
          The moment at which the fleet will be Ready is not very far, and I think it of importance to have settled my Affair with you before that time—I am going to write to general Sullivan on the subject, and if he has no objection, I’ll go immediately to headquarters—but schould he make difficulties I beg you would send me that leave—I intend to ride as an express in Changing horses on the Road that I Might have time enough—you may think, my dear general, that I do’nt ask, what I Never ask’d in my life, a leave of quitting the post I am sent to, without Strong Reasons for it—but the letters I have Receiv’d from home Make me very anxious of Seeing you. With the Most tender affection and highest Respect I have the honor to be dear general Your excellency’s Most obedient humble Servant

            Lafayette


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Maxwell, 28 September 1778
From: Maxwell, William
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Elizth Town [N.J.] 28th Septr 1778

          There is nothing new since I wrote to your Excellency yesterday save that near 50 Shallops and such small vessels went up the Bay yesterday

            towards Hackensack, one Row Galley among them they seem’d to have no more hands on board than sufficient to work them, it is supposed they are gone for Hay and Forrage &Ca. I had an Officer at General Winses Camp yesterday and could not find that the Enemy made any excursion on the North or west side of Hackensack save where they had a Redoubt to cover their Bridge. I have heard that they are making two Redoubts or Forts on the East side of Hackensack. I Purpose to send up Coll Brearley to day by whome I hope to get some certain intiligence I understand that General Winds has about one thousand Militia besides the Continental Troops & Horse there, it is supposed he has enough to keep them from proceeding through the Country and had we three times the Number there we could not go over that River and that they have possesed themselves of every thing worthey notice from these Considerations General Heard, My self & the Field Officers have thought it best to cover this part of the Country at present unless the Enemy should make farther advances into the Country the other Road.
          Generlal Vaughen thratens us, he would not let any person pass to New york this two days past I intend to try him to day again. I find he has Two floating Batterys & Eight Row Galleys they say to cover the landing of their Troops on this side I am your Excellency Most Obedt Humble Servant.

            Wm Maxwell


Title: To George Washington from Major General Israel Putnam, 28 September 1778
From: Putnam, Israel
To: Washington, George

            Dear sir
            Highlands [N.Y.] 28th septr 1778 8 OClock at Night

          By sergeant Robinson of Col: Bailer’s Regt of Lt Dragoons, I am this moment inform’d, that this morning Just before day, The Enemy found means to surprize Col. Bailer with his whole Regiment, then laying at Harring-Town. They came upon them when they had only one man out to Reconnoiter, which they took and advanced immediately to where the Regt lay: They was so compleatly surprised, that sargt Robinson tells me, only himself, and two officers effected an escape. It is probable he may exagerate a little, but I believe they have met with a verry severe blow.
          I have Just seen an officer who informs me that the Enemy last Night, landed a large body at Tappan Meadows, and advanced towards Kings Ferry.
          General Woodford with his Brigade Marchd this morning. It being late last night, before I Receiv’d your Excellencys Orders, to send the Detachment, and there being a number of them on Fatigue at the Fort, it was late in the forenoon before they could March, I believe they will not get further than Kings-Ferry to Night.

          Inclos’d is the Examination of a Deserter who has Just come in. I am with great respect Dr Sir Yr Most Obedt Servant.

            Israel Putnam


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General John Stark, 28 September 1778
From: Stark, John
To: Washington, George

            Dear Sir
            Head Quarters Albany 28th Sept. 1778

          I wrote you some time since, for your Opinion, whether a post must be kept at Ft Edward, this Winter, or not, so that a Barracks may be prepared, for their Reception, but have had no answer on the Subject, would be glad you would let me know soon, as the Season is Far Advanced, and no Materials Collected for the Purpose.
          there is no pay Master, Arrived at this Plase as yet, and the Troops is Like to Mutinere, for Want of their pay.
          Colo. Butler is at Present with me, & has Undertaken to go to the Unindillo, & Destroy that Banditti of theives & Robbers, in which (I think) he will have Every Preospect of Success, if they can be Properly paid for the Destruction of the German Flats, it will Undoubtedly Settle the Campaign, in this Department.
          I am this Moment, Informed by some Spies Returned from the Unindillo, that the Oneda Indians, has sent a Scout to Harrass the Enemy, that they have Actually fell in with the Reare, of Brants Party, & that out of near Seven Hundred Head of Cattle, & Sheep, they only saved one Hundred, the Rest it is supposed, has fell into the hands of the Onidas. I am Sir your Very Humble Servant

            John Stark


Title: To George Washington from Charles Stewart, 28 September 1778
From: Stewart, Charles
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            King’s Ferry [N.Y.] 28 Sept. 1778 10 OClock a.m.

          This moment, Judge Herring, whose residence is near Tappaan, came here, on his flight nortward, and says, that the principal part, of the Light Horse, under Col. Baylor, and The Militia, who were advanced, near Orange Town, have been surrounded, and cutt of[f] or taken; That a Body of the Enemy, Landed at Dobbs Ferry, last evening and that they, are beyond doubt, by this time, at Clarks Town. Coll Spencer, is now on his March, about a mile from hence, towards Kekeyate, and seems at a loss, how to advance, and at the same time, keep clear, of their Main Body, which may probably, be advanced, as far as Kakeyate meeting House, before he passes that place. The Stores at this place, will all be loaded, and sent up the River, this day. And I shall endeavour, by going back, along the road to Morris Town, as fast as I can ride, to prevent the Waggons, now on that way, from falling into their hands, and turn them through Smiths Clove, so as that the supplys may come on to the Army. If I hear at Kakeate, a more particular account, of the Movements of the enemy, I shall take the liberty, of transmitting it to Your Excellency. Mr Herring is a man, of reputed Veracity, and has formerly been, a Member of Congress, His fair character, induces Me, to give great Credit, to his report. I am with the greatest respect, Your Excellency’s most Obedient humble Servant

            Chas Stewart C.G.Is.

          p.s. I was yesterday at Newborough On my way to Camp & heard there a report of the Enemys being as far as the new Bridge I thought it prudent to come this far & have the stores on hand sent off directly and hope my going back as far as the Forks of the Roads leading to King’s Ferry & New Windser may answer a good purpose.


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General William Winds, 28 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Winds, William

            Sir
            Head Quarters Fredericksburg 28 Sepr 1778

          I just now recd yours of Saturday. I have ordered Genl Woodfords Brigade to cross the North River, and Yesterday directed Genl Maxwell to move up with his Brigade as far as the strong Grounds to the Westward of Acquaquenunk Bridge. I hope these troops with the addition of the Militia will keep the Enemy from extending themselves into the Country. I am &ca.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Winds, 28 September 1778
From: Winds, William
To: Washington, George

            sir
            Acquackneck [N.J.] the 28 Septr 1778

          I Just now receiv’d Intelligence from an Officer Which I sent on a reconnoitering party, this morning, that the Ennemy Still remain in their Fortification which they have thrown up on a hight on the West side of the New Bridge near Hackensack, Genl Clinton Commands, and lays with the main body of his force on Teen Neck and the English Neighborhood their number about said place is said to bee Seven Thousand, their number at and about the New bridge or, on the road to Scralanburg I cannot as yet Learn, Lord Cornwallis Genl Grey—Lord Linsey Lord John Murray, Abby Crumby & other Genl Officers whose names I cannot Learn, are with Genl Clinton, by the Information and the Number of Genl officers. I cannot but Suppose the main body of the Ennemy are on the aforesaid Neck & Neighborhood, Constantly are coming up the Hackensack River a Number of Flat bottomed boats to cary of[f] their Forrage, also Arm’d Vessals near 20 have been seen up Hackensack River—I have been hovering round the Ennemy with abt 8 or 900 men these two Days. I am sir Your Most Obedt Servt

            Wm Winds

          two OClock. Just recd a letter from Major Fell Who lays at Paramus, that the Ennemy surprized Last Night & took Prisoners a Considerable part of Col. Bayleys Light Horse.


Title: General Orders, 29 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To:

            Head-Quarters Frederick’sburgh Tuesday Septr 29th 1778.
            Parole Germany—C. Signs Glasgow. Gosport.

          In Congress Septr 17th 1778.
         Whereas it is represented by the Auditors of the Army that many Regimental Pay-Masters have adopted the unwarrantable Practice of paying to the Commanding Officers of Companies agreeable to the Recommendations of the Colonels or Commanding Officers of their Regiments respectively such sums of Money as the said Regimental Pay-Masters have drawn for, but not paid to Prisoners, Deserters and men who have died in the service.
          Resolved, that until the sums of Money so paid by the Regimental Pay-Masters shall be reimbursed and paid into the hands of the Pay-Master, or Deputy Pay-Master General, such Commanding Officers of Regiments shall be accountable for the Monies which they have so ordered to be paid, the Commanding Officers of Companies for the Money so received and the Regimental Pay-Masters for the Monies so paid by them respectively, and the Auditors of the Army are authorized and directed forthwith to oblige the said Officers to account agreeable to the mode prescribed by the resolution of Congress of the sixth of February last.

          The Regimental Pay-Masters are to apply to the Pay-Master General for the Pay of their respective Regiments for June and July.
          At a General Court-Martial of the Line whereof Coll Humpton was President September 1778. Captain Norwood of the 4th Maryland Regiment was tried upon the following Charges.
          1st—“For publickly declaring and implying that he did not regard the Censure of the Commander in Chief, because the facts set forth to him on his trial were mis-stated.”
          2nd—“For conduct unbecoming an Officer and a Gentleman in suggesting publickly that the Facts were mis-represented, which has an implied tendency either to reflect on His Excellency, or the Court-Martial, or General Smallwood or the whole.”
          3rdly—“For declaring that General Smallwood has been guilty of Partiality in his Case, that the General is no Gentleman, and that he will make it his business to declare publickly every opportunity that General Smallwood is a partial Man and no Gentleman.”
          The Court having considered the two first Charges and the Evidence are of opinion that Captn Norwood is guilty of saying that he did not

            regard the Censure of the Commander in Chief, because the Facts set forth to Him on his trial were mis-stated, and are further of opinion that such an expression had a tendency to reflect on His Excellency and on General Smallwood. The Court having considered the third charge and the Evidence are of opinion that Captn Norwood’s Justification is not sufficient and that his Expressions with respect to the Character of General Smallwood are totally groundless and without foundation—The Court find Captn Norwood guilty of breaches of the second Article of the 2nd Section and of the 5th Article of the 18th Section of the Articles of War and do sentence him to be discharged from the service.
          The Commander in Chief in justice to Captain Norwood declares that he does not believe he had any Intention to reflect upon Him tho’ his Expressions might have such a tendency, but as Captain Norwood’s Conduct in other respects has been highly prejudicial to good Order and Military Discipline and inconsistent with the respect due to his superior Officer He approves the sentence of the Court.
          At a division General Court Martial held at Danbury September 21st 1778—by order of Major General Gates Coll Cilley President—Coll Brewer was tried for embezzling or misapplying part of the Cloath sent by the Board of War of the State of Massachusetts-Bay for the Officers of his Regiment—The Court after considering the Evidence are unanimously of Opinion that Colonel Brewer is guilty of the Charge exhibited against him and do sentence him to be discharged from the Service.
          His Excellency the Commander in Chief confirms the sentence of the Court.


Title: Council of War, 29 September 1778
From: Council of War
To:

            [Fredericksburg, 29 September 1778]

          At a Council of War held at Fredericksburgh September 29th 1778.
          Present The Commander in Chief[,] Major Generals  Brigadiers .
          His Excellency states to the Council, that the enemy have some days since, made an incursion into the Jerseys, with a considerable force, which with a reinforcement lately received is supposed to amount to four or five thousand men, which had taken post between Hackinsack River and the North River, along the Liberty-Pole and New Bridge, and had thrown up works at those places. That besides these a party of the enemy had landed at Dob’s ferry the Evening of the 27th, and were on their march towards Clarks-Town.
          That, besides the troops in the Jerseys, the enemy had advanced a body on this side, towards Valentine Hill, which seem to be employed in foraging.
          That the present disposition of our army is as follows—General Putnam with two brigades amounting to 1390 executive rank & file has been ordered to cross the River and reinforce the Garrison at West-Point —The Garrison of West Point consists of about 700—General Clinton with one brigade of 820 has taken post at the Highland pass near the Continental village—General Smalwood with his brigade of 740—is at Fish Kill-town—Baron De Kalb with the second Maryland brigade of 1100—is on the plains about twelve miles from the Town—Four brigades of the second line containing 3030—are at Fredericksburgh; and the left wing composed of five brigades 4560 strong at Danbury—That General Scot, with the advanced corps of thirteen hundred foot & about 400 Cavalry lies at North Castle, with orders to reinforce the Highlands, if an attempt should be made against the Posts there.
          That besides these, two brigades, General Maxwell’s and General Woodfords, consisting of about 1500—are detached into the Jerseys,

            which in conjunction with Count Pulaskis corps, some small detachments of Continental troops and the militia of the Country which are ordered out in considerable number, and partly collected will amount to a respectable force of which Major General Lord Stirling has been sent to take the command, with directions to make such a disposition as may serve to check the incursions of the enemy and at the same time secure a communication with the Highland forts.
          Under the circumstances and appearances, The Commander in Chief requests the opinion of the Council, whether any change should be made in the present disposition of the army and if any, what it should be.


Title: To George Washington from the Board of War, 29 September 1778
From: Board of War
To: Washington, George

          Letter not found: from the Board of War, 29 Sept. 1778. In his letter to the Board of War of 5 Oct., GW refers to: “the letter which you did me the honor to write on the 29th Ulto.”


Title: To George Washington from James Caldwell, 29 September 1778
From: Caldwell, James
To: Washington, George

            Sir,
            Eliz. Town [N.J.] Sepr 29. 1778.

          The rout ordered for Stores from Springfield to Kings Ferry is now become dangerous. The last Teams attempted to go over at the Forks above the little Falls below Pompton; but while 5 Waggons were upon the Bridge it broke down & being of considerable length cannot be easyly repaired. On this account the rout must be so far round as will retard the supplys to Camp. And even those who go by Morris Town will not be safe after they pass Pompton unless the road is covered more generally than I have yet heard of—Perhaps Your Excellency may think proper to direct those to whom it belongs to send a prudent person who is acquainted with the Country along the rout, who by making enquiry at every place may know which way to direct the Teams.

          If the Enemy are now only upon a forageing party, & have no capital object in view this Campaign, after the destruction of Bergen County they may, provided we are not reinforced from the Grand army, spread themselves over this part of the state & draw much larger supplies. That we are preserved so long is owing to General Maxwells being here, as every preparation was made on Statten Island to effect a landing among us. I think I am influenced, not by partiality, but a regard to the whole, when present[ing] my most earnest request to your excellency, not to order General Maxwells Brigade from this post while the Enemy hold their present position. Here he is a defence to the whole, but in any other situation I am clearly of opinion he woud not; nay could serve no one place better than he now does. Your excellancys goodness will excuse the freedom of the opinion of Your Excellencys most obdt & very huml. sert

            James Caldwell


Title: To George Washington from Major John Clark, Jr., 29 September 1778
From: Clark, John Jr.
To: Washington, George

            May it please your Excelleny
            [Fredericksburg] Septr 29th 1778

          Lieut. Crittenton has produced an Account of sundry sums of Money paid by Order of Col. Mason to Officers & Soldiers of different Corps in the Virginia line—He says he has Vouchers to prove his Expenditures—But as Col. Mason stands charged in this Office for the whole of the Money thus paid, I think he ought to settle Mr Crittentons Acct as it don’t appear for what purposes many of the sums were expended, If I am to call on each of the Gent. to know how he has disposed of the Money, paid by Mr Crittenton, I apprehend the Accts will never be settled—& therefore as Col. Mason gave him those Orders ’tis proper he shou’d settle it with him for he (Col.) may dispute with me at a future Day & indeed ’tis giving me an infinity of trouble.
          As many of the Officers are not present—Congress have transmitted me a late Resolve by which they mean that they Colo. shall stand charged for all monies paid by their Orders unwarrantably & I am ordered forthwith to call them to account for the same—I am sensible

            of the hardship on Mr Crittenton but the burthen must fall somewhere—& submit it to you—I am in haste Your Excellenys Most Obedt

            Jno. Clark Junr Audr


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General Duportail, 29 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Duportail, Antoine-Jean-Louis Le Bègue de Presle

            Sir,
            [Fredericksburg, 29 September 1778]

          You will proceed forthwith to Boston in the State of Massachusettes Bay. You will examine into the state of the fortifications which have been erected and are erecting for the defence of that Town against a Land attack; and you will form a plan, from a view of the whole local situation of the place, which shall appear best calculated to give it the most effectual security, that circumstances will permit. Without intention to lay any re[s]traint which may contradict your own Judgements—I will barely hint my desire in general that the works may not be too extensive with a view of embracing any considerable part of the bay—the heights of Dorchester which immediately command the town, will strike you as an object of the first attention—& the possession of them as indispensible—the occupying them, Roxbury heights and such grounds as may cover the inner bason with works capable of obstinate defence—will together with the fortifications of the harbour secure the Town and French Squadron—’till the arrival of this Army. You will combine your project upon the principle of a

            cooperation with the Squadron of His most christian Majesty, for the mutual defence of itself and the Town of Boston—In this however it cannot be my intention, that there should be any interference with the measures adopted by His Excellency Count D’Estaing; But that you should connect your plan for the defence by Land, with his for the defence by water, in such manner as that there may be consistency and mutual support. When you have formed your plan you will submit it to major Genl Heath who commands in that Quarter for his approbation; and he will give the necessary assistance to carry it into execution. You will be pleased to correspond with me and render me an account of the measures taken in persuance of these instructions. Given at Head Quarters Fredericksburg Septr 29th 1778.

            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Vice Admiral d’Estaing, 29 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Estaing, Charles-Hector Théodat, comte d’

            Sir
            Head Quarters [Fredericksburg] 29th September 1778.

          I embrace with pleasure an opportunity, of introducing to Your Excellencys acquaintance, Brigadier General Du portail, an Officer of your nation whose talents and services have rendered him valuable to ours.
          The important post of chief engineer and the elevated grade which he holds in our army, are proofs of the confidence which Congress places in him—the distinguished manner in which he has performed the duties incident to both, amply justify it.
          His Business at Boston is to examine the state of the works constructed for the immediate defence of the Town—and to point out such amendments and additions, as may appear to him best calculated for securing it in case of a land-attack.
          The judicious disposition of Your Excellencys Squadron, and the works which have been erected under your orders at the entrance of the harbour, supersedes the necessity of any farther care on that side. I have the honor to be with every sentiment of attachment and respect, Your Excellencys most obedient and most humble Servt

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Vice Admiral d’Estaing, 29 September 1778
From: Estaing, Charles-Hector Théodat, comte d’
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Boston Road 29th September 1778.

          I have received the letter which Your Excellency did me the honor to write, the 20th September with the confirmation of what was contained in the Letter with which you honored me on the 19th. the details by which I took the liberty of submitting my ideas to your judgement appeared to me, to include all that was to be said upon the different subjects.
          The Arrival of new Troops at Halifax seems contrary to all political reasoning, which demonstrates the physical impossibility of Englands sufficing alone to the maintenance of one Army in America and another in Europe—but the theory of Ministerial Measures in England

            has been so long in opposition to ordinary calculations, that we must not be surprised at any thing—I should not be so at learning by the first conveyance that Marshal de Broglie has established his Head Quarters on the banks of the haughty Thames.
          Perhaps likewise this new and almost incredible transportation of three Regiments, has no other object than that of concealing the total Recall of the other Troops—and that the North is all that England pretends hence forward to hold on the Continent of America—or perhaps lastly, her views in the West Indias have made this new effort necessary—and that Lord North means to keep the promise which he has made of attacking, at a proper time.
          The bad condition of the Crews of Birons Squadron—is a circumstance which it is infinitely interesting to scrutinise—I entreat Your Excellency to endeavour to give me some assurance of a matter which Spies are very capable of discovering—but which they are always apt to exaggerate.
          A nephew of Admiral Gambiers taken in the Thunder Bomb-Ketch, will facilitate I believe an exchange of prisoners—which will be executed if possible, by the common way of New London. Thus the kind interposition of Your Excellency which I had taken the liberty to request will not now be necessary—any farther than to cause the Small number of English which we deposited at Philadelphia to be conducted to N. York—I will have the honor to give you an account of the Convention which shall have been made on this Subject between Admiral Gambier and myself.
          The Marquis de la fayette is gone to make his court to you—he is one of those few who can describe the Sentiments with which they are penetrated—he gave me a proof of it in expressing himself with regard to you—how much shall I be indebted to him, if he employs this precious Talent in my favour—and if you accept a homage which all the world renders you—but which I take the liberty of offering you with as much earnestness as the most zealous American. I have the honor to be respectfully Your Excellencys most obedt & most hble Servt.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Maxwell, 29 September 1778
From: Maxwell, William
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            [Elizabethtown, N.J.] 29th Septr 1778

          Your Excellency’s Favour of the 27th Inst. came to hand since I sent of[f] mine of th[i]s morning, I shewed it to General Heard and as many of the Colls as was handy, likewise Mr Caldwell that was here as he knew how the Stores was sittuated in Morristown; We were all of opinion that had Your Excellency received my last Letters and known the sittuation of General Winds and his strength that he is occasionaly on the East & West side of aquackinac Bridge that he occupies partley the same ground that You have aloted for me; that the Enemy makes no Moves over the Hackensack &Ca worth mentioning; I say We think that had Your Excellency been informed with all these circumstances and the likelyhood of the Enemy crossing here and pillageing this part of the country, as my last letters has shewn You would not have ordered me up to Acquackinac or in that neighbour hood, I have therefore concluded to stand fast with my Brigade at least till

            an Answer from Your Excellency arives to some of my last Letters or till the Enemy offers to make some advances to the Westward, in that case I shall move Immediately and endeavour to fall on their flank or Rear. I send a Field Officer to General Winds dayly to have the necessary Intiligence forwarded to Your Excellency and to me, and will do so. I am Your Most Obedient Humble Servt

            Wm Maxwell


Title: To George Washington from Charles Pettit, 29 September 1778
From: Pettit, Charles
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Fredericksburgh 29th Sep. 1778.

          Pursuant to the order for removing supernumerary Horses some of the Officers have appli[e]d to me to purchase such as they have to spare, offering to sell them at prime cost; but in some instances their judgment & mine do not agree as to the value. They complain that they have not the same opportunity with people out of the Army of finding a Market, being confined solely to the Quarter Master General’s Office—There may be some weight in this consideration, but at the same time I do not conceive myself authorised to give it any influence in my conduct. In avoiding this, some of the Gentlemen may apprehend I err on the other side, & take an undue advantage of their situation. Such of the horses as are fit for the service would be useful to the public either for the draught or the saddle, as they may be adapted. If your Excellency would be pleased to direct some mode of ascertaining the value of such horses as the Office[r]s choose to sell to the public, be it by appraisement, or by the prices they cost, or otherwise, it might be a means of avoiding some discontent among such Office[r]s as are obliged to sell—Most of them are at too great a distance from home to send their horses thither. A letter from a Colonel in the Maryland line in which he seems to represent the whole division, is the immediate occasion of giving your Excellency the trouble of this application, & from a similarity of circumstances it is not improbable like applications may be made from others.
          A letter I recieved this day from Col. Stewart bring[s] some unpleasant intelligence from Jersey. I do not mention particulars, as the

            express by whom it came had a letter for Your Excellency on the same subject. The express with orders to move the valuable store[s] from Morris went off yesterday morning & Col. Stewart is gone back from kings ferry towards Pumpton to give the necessary directions respecting the provisions & stores in motion on the communication from Morris-Town to the river. I have the honor to be most respectfully Your Excellency’s obedient humble Servt

            Charles Pettit


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General Casimir Pulaski, 29 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Pulaski, Casimir

            Sir
            Head Quarters Fredericksburg 29th Sepr 1778

          You are to proceed immediately upon the Rect of this with your whole Corps both Horse and Foot and put yourself under the command of Major General Lord Stirling, who will be in the neighbourhood of paramus. As the Enemy are out in considerable force in Jersey, near Hackinsack, you will make particular enquiry of their situation as you advance, lest you should fall in with their parties. I am &c.


Title: To George Washington from Major General Israel Putnam, 29 September 1778
From: Putnam, Israel
To: Washington, George

            Dear Sir
            Highlands [N.Y.] 29th septr 1778

          Inclosed is the Examination of some Deserters who have Just come in. The intellegence they bring I thought to be of some importance, and therefore send it to Your Excellency—The Deserters seem to be verry intelligent men. I likewise inclose your Excellency a Letter I last night Receiv’d from General Woodford, with one inclos’d from Col. Cooper to Col. Hay. I thought it most advisable for General Woodford to cross; as there is Boats enough at Kings Ferry to bring all his men over at once, if it should be found necessary; and he may be a great Assistance to the Inhabitants, if the Enemy should not advance.

          I Believe the information Genl Woodford has, of the Enemys having detach’d a party to take possession of the Clove, is without foundation. I have however directed him to use his own Judgement about crossing the River, and to regulate his conduct by the information he receives. I am with great Respect Dear Sir Your most Obedient Servant

            Israel Putnam

          P:S: I have detach’d a party under a major of Col. Malcom’s Regt to the Clove to take possession of it, if the Enemy have not already done it. I have also sent two Boats down the River to reconnoitre, & give the earliest information.
          I don’t think it would be amiss, if we had a few Lt Dragoons here, as we have no person to send Express on any occation.


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General Charles Scott, 29 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Scott, Charles

            Dear Sir
            Head Quarters Fredericksburg 29th Septr 1778

          I received your letter of the 28 Inst. late last night.
          You will continue your information of the enemys progress; and by those means which you have set on foot, for the obtaining intelligence from New-york, endeavour to learn as much as possible of their naval force—their number—their sailing—or detachments—All facts of this kind are of the utmost importance to the Count d’Estaing, and every thing in our power should be done to obtain them. You will direct a particular attention this way as well as those movements—among the transports which appear to be of a general nature.
          I am sorry to inform you that about two O’clock yesterday morning, a party from the enemy surprized Col. Baylor with his corps at Harrington, which they almost entirely cut off—but as I have only received an account of this unfortunate affair from some of those that escaped, and from Gen. Putnam who had it of the same source—there is hope of its not being so bad as represented. The enemy it seems were conducted by inhabitants perfectly acquainted with the country. They avoided all the videts which were posted—penetrating thro bye ways—and unsuspected roads to the very houses where

            the Dragoons & their officers were quartered. This may afford a very useful caution—to those on a command of observation or harrassment, by instructing them to take care of those parts from whence they suspect no danger, with as much care and vigilance, as the avenues and roads, which point more immediately to the enemy. It is not sufficient that our front and flanks are well secured while there is a possibility of his approaching our rear unobserved. I am Dear Sir &c.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General Charles Scott, 29 September 1778
From: Scott, Charles
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            North Castle [N.Y.] 29th Sept. 1778

          I this moment Recd a letter from Capt. Leavenworth with Some intellegince which You Have in Closd. the Deserters that wear taken Going to their Regiments I had Tryed Yesterday & the Court are of oppinon that they Receive one Hundred Lashes each. I orderd it should be put in execution Immediatly. upon which a Number of offi cers Politely petitiond me to pardon them assuring me that they wear good men and that they was misled by Some officer as I mentiond before, but the Soldiers to whom that officer addressed himself is not Yet taken or at least not brought hear. I am informd they are in Confinment with their Regiments. I shall Send for them This day and if possable Discover the Villen, upon the Earnest Solisitation of the Gentlemen in favor of those already tryed. I agreed to postpon the punishment untell Your Excellencys Pleasure is known. I am Your Excellencys obt Servt

            Chs Scott


Title: To George Washington from Major General John Sullivan, 29 September 1778
From: Sullivan, John
To: Washington, George

            Dr General
            Head Quarters Providence Septr 29th 78

          I have the hono’r to acknowledge your Excellencys Favor’s of the 20th and 22d Instants, and previous to their reception, had design’d to request your Excellency, to relax the order, which directed me to write you by express once a day, as the nature of the Intilligence which I have had lately the hono’r to communicate, was not sufficiently interesting, to demand so frequent and expensive a Conveyance. I shall still continue to write your Excellency twice a week. oftner, if any thing extraordinary takes place. At present I have not any thing of publick Consequence to transmit your Excellency; but beg leave to request your Excellency’s attention to the enclos’d Papers; They respect a Captn Allen of Colo. Levingstones Regiment, who has been accus’d of, and condemn’d for being accessory to theft. In addition to his Letter of Justification which I now send you, he has desir’d me to speak as favorably of him as possible to your Excellency. In compliance with this request, I can only say, that he was formerly a brave Soldier, but with regard to his Conduct of late, have had no further evidence, than the Assurances of Innocence his Letter contains, which recieve no great share of Credebility from the Testimonies your Excellency will find in the Proceedings of the Court-Martial. Shoud be glad to know your Excellency’s pleasure with respect to him, and have the hono’r to remain with great official Respect & personal Regard Yr Excellency<’s> most obedt and very humble Servt

            Jno. Sullivan


Title: To George Washington from Lieutenant Colonel Ternant, 29 September 1778
From: Ternant, Jean-Baptiste, chevalier de
To: Washington, George

            sir
            Philadelphia septr 29th 1778

          The late & unexpected appointment of Lieutt Colonel & Inspector of the Conferal troops in south Carolina & Georgia, which Congress has been pleased to confer upon me, fills my heart with gratitude & commands my warmest & sincerest thanks to your Excellency for the favorable testimony you were pleased to give of my past services & conduct—I feel an infinite joy in being able to indulge ounce more, in so honorable a manner my natural inclination to military matters, & to continue to serve under your distinguished & Illustrious banners—I will endeavour by indefatigable exertions in the discharge of my office & upon any occasion to justify the choice of Congress & give undeniable proofs of my strongest & constant attachment to this my adoptive country. I have the honor to be with great respect Your Excellency’s most obedient humble servant

            Ternant


Title: From George Washington to Colonel Vienne, 29 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Vienne, Louis-Pierre, marquis de

            Sir,
            Head Quarters Fredericksburgh Sepr 29th 1778

          I have received your favour of the 15 Sepr by Major DuBois. I am sorry it is not in my power to comply with your request, as I am not authorised to give any officer a furlough to leave the Continent; I am therefore obliged to refer your application, to Congress, to whom I have accordingly transmitted a copy of your letter to me—So soon as their answer reaches me, it shall be conveyed to you.

          I send you with pleasure a certificate of your conduct, so far as it has come to my knowlege. I am Sir Your most Obedt servant.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Woodford, 29 September 1778
From: Woodford, William
To: Washington, George

            Dr Genl
            Colo. Hays House [N.Y.]Tuesday [29 September 1778] 12 Oclock

          My Brigade has cross’d the River & advanced as far as this place, the best accts I have been able to collect inform that the Enemy lay Just below orrange Town (theire is a report that a large party is gone to take possession of the pass in the Clove, but this wants confirmation) I shall keep partys out for inteligence, & move with expedition & caution to the neighbourhood of Clarkstown, unless my information makes it necessary to take anothe[r] route—of which I will take the earliest opportunity to inform your Excellency.
          I met here with the inclosed Letters, brought in this morning by a Flagg to an Officer of Colo. Hays Melitia—your Excellency will observe that Doctr Evans who wrote by order of Colo. Baylors requests that a Surzeon may be sent in to Tappon to Dress the wounded—I have taken the liberty to send Doctr Griffith with a flagg for that purpose.
          Some time after Dark last night I fell in with the Baggage, & remains of Colo. Baylors Regt on the other side the River, I have order’d what few could be mounted to follow me, & the remainder to continue at the Contl Village till further orders (of this I have Advised Genl Putnam) I likewise order’d an exact return of them, which the Officer has not yet sent in—the bearer is order’d to call for it.
          I heard this morning from Elizth Town. Genl Maxwell is still there watching the Motions of Genl Vaughan, who is said to be upon Statten Island with a considerable Force, & a number of Boats & some Gallies.
          from the best accts they have not collected many Cattle, the greatest

            part are drove back in & about Cakiack—I am Just inform’d that Colo. Spencer is at paramus, where he went to Join Majr Fell. I am with great Respect Your Excellencys most Obedt humble Servt

            Wm Woodford

          Colo. Hays informs that he has about 100 Melitia now at Clarks Town, & expects the appearance of the Continental Troops will soon double their number.


Title: General Orders, 30 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To:

            Head-Quarters Frederick’sburgh Septr 30th 1778.
            Parole Manchester—C. Signs Morocco. Mendon.

          In future the Captains and Commanding Officers of Companies are allways to insert in their Muster-Rolls the time when the sick absent and those on Furlough left their Companies—No man is to be borne on the Muster-Roll before he has joined his Company.

          The General Court Martial whereof Major General Lincoln is President will assemble tomorrow morning nine ôClock at the Presidents quarters and sit at such Place as he shall appoint for the trial of Major General Schuyler—Coll Johnson is appointed a Member of the Court vice Colonel Wyllys who is sick—All Evidences and persons concerned will attend.
          The General Court-Martial whereof Colonel Humpton is President is dissolved.


Title: To George Washington from the Continental Congress Committee of Arrangement, 30 September 1778
From: Continental Congress Committee of Arrangement
To: Washington, George

		Sir Philad. Septr 30. 1778
          When the Committee of Arrangement had the Honour of conferring with you on the Affairs of the Army it appeared to them that it was your Excellys Opinion that no Prisoners or Deserters should be inlisted, & farther that such as had been inlisted should not join the Army: The Treachery of Armand’s Corps about that Time having too fatally demonstrated how little Dependance could be placed on such Characters. In Consequence of which the Committee whose Sentiments perfectly corresponded with what they supposed to be yours wrote to Congress representing the Necessity of putting an immediate Stop to such Inlistments & also of purging such Corps as were proceeding to join the Army under your Excellencys Command. In this Representation they did not expressly point out the Count Pulaski’s Corps, but as it comprehends a considerable Number of those exceptionable Characters we fully intended to include it in the Reform we then recommended.
          This Letter the Committee forwarded to Congress about 2 Weeks after their Arrival at Camp having first shewn it to your Excelly & received your Approbation of its Contents. Upon their Return to This City they found nothing had been done with Pulaski’s Corps—but our Letter had inadvertently been referr’d to the Board of War who also mistaking the Nature of the Reference had wrote to your Excelly for your farther Opinion on this Subject—This Letter your Excelly has answered so as to leave it doubtful whether for some Reasons not express’d you do not mean that Count Pulaski’s Corps should go forward as it is,

            one half of which at least is composed of Deserters & Prisoners, & We are inclined to think that upon a strict Scrutiny there will be found a much greater Proportion. If this is the Case we presume your Excelly has altered your Opinion at least with Respect to this Corps, either upon farther Consideration or upon some particular Circumstances not attended to when we had the Honour of conversing with you on this Subject. Your Excelly will see by this State that the Committee find themselves in an awkward Situation as having represented the Necessity of a Measure founded upon your Opinion—in which some Gentlemen who favour the Employment of Prisoners & Deserters think we were not sufficiently warranted. And of Course the proposed Scrutiny of this Corps has been delayed & will in all Probability finally fail, unless some farther Advice is received from your Excelly on this Head.
          We must observe that in all Probability if the Corps should be purged there will remain sufficient to compose the original Establishment of 68 Horse & 200 Foot—As the Count has extended his Numbers far beyond it—by adding what he calls supernumerary Troops & Companies.
          The Committee are sensible of the Value of your Excellys Time but as the Determination of this Matter will probably lead to the Settlement of other Corps of like Character, & they are attended with a very heavy Expence, we trust you will not think a few Moments unusefully employed on the Subject. With the most respectful Sentiments & very sincere Regard We are Your Excellys most Obed. Hbbl. Servts

            Jos: Reed Chairman


Title: From George Washington to Major General Horatio Gates, 30 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Gates, Horatio

            Sir,
            Head Quarters Fredericksburgh Sepr 30th 1778

          I have received advice, that a considerable body of the enemy, in addition to those already in the Jerseys, had crossed the North River on the morning of the 28th and landed at a place about two miles from Orange Town. There are rumours, that they were marching towards Kakeate and had detached a party to take possession of the Clove; but these want confirmation. They have surprised and cut off Col. Baylor, with the principal part of his regiment. I have not yet received an

            account sufficiently distinct, of this affair; but it appears to have been attended with every circumstance of barbarity. Most of his men, it seems, were killed unresisting and begging for quarter. Colonel Baylor himself and Major Clough were left wounded at Orange Town, on parole.
          I still continue to think as I did at first of the enemy’s intention; yet as appearances grow more serious, it is necessary our dispositions should be adapted to them, so far as not to lose sight of other essential objects. With this view, I have ordered General Woodford’s brigade into the Jerseys, with which Maxwell’s brigade, Pulaski’s corps and the militia are to be united under the command of Major General Lord Stirling, whose knowlege of the country will be of importance in this service. My instructions to him convey this general idea, that he is to take such positions as will be best calculated to cover the country and at the same time, secure a communication with the Forts and with the main body of the army. General Putnam with his two remaining brigades is thrown across the river to West Point, for its immediate defence. Baron De Kalbs division is advanced to Fish Kill-town. Two brigades from the second line will march this morning to take his place; and I am now to desire, that you will direct General McDougall, with his division to march immediately hither.
          I shall myself, presently set off to Fish-Kill-town, where I shall remain ’till the present appearances have come to an issue—Your dispatches will find me there. I am Sir Your most Obedient servant

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Major Ebenezer Gray, 30 September 1778
From: Gray, Ebenezer
To: Washington, George

            <Sir>
            Norwalk [Conn.] Septr 30th 1778

          By Leiutt Brewster who returned last evening from Setocket, and also by a Gentn who came from N. York last Friday, & to this Place from Huntington Yesterday, I have the following Intelligence, both Stories agreing, (Lt Brewster’s Informant left N. York the same Day the other did,) that for 4 or 5 Days before they left N. York Troops were Constantly imbarking from the City to the Narrows where the transports lay, in which Time they Judge they saw about 3000 imbark—The Ship Carpenters are all impressed to work in the Kings Yard repairing the Shipping. The Transports Ships are still fitting for Sea. Lord Howe hath sailed for England and Admiral Gambier hath the Command of the Brittish Fleet and that last Wednesday about 3000 of the Enemy under the Command of Sir Willm Erskine crossed from the City to Powles Hook supposed to be going to N. Jersey.
          There is Two Fleets lying in sight of this Place—one in Huntington, of about 28 Sail taking in wood for Rhode Island, the other in Cold spring Harbour of about 20 Sail loading with Wood for New York.
          Governor Tryon hath been about 70 miles Eastward fro<m> New York, with a Guard of about 200 m<en &> Horse of Queens County, swearing those whom he did not sware before, he was to be at Huntington Yesterday on his return, it is the Universal Opinion both of the Inhabitants of the City and Iland that the Brittish Army will shortly leave New York—I have one Boat on the Iland which I expect will return tomorrow and shall send Two more this Evening if the Weather

            permits, if any Intelligence can be had, I shall give your Excellency the earliest Notice. I am Your Excelly Most Obedt & Hume Servt

            Ebenr Gray Major


Title: To George Washington from Colonel John Lamb and Lieutenant Colonel Edward Carrington, 30 September 1778
From: Lamb, John,Carrington, Edward
To: Washington, George

            May it please your Excellency,
            Park of Artillery [Fredericksburg]30 Sept. 1778.

          We the Subscribers, beg leave to assure Your Excellency that, we profess the greatest deference and respect, for the honorable Board of General Officers which on the 15th Instant, settled the Rank of the Regiments of Artillery; and we hereby declare our full conviction, that no partiality influenced them, in making the arrangement. But as the Board inadvertently proceeded to make the arrangement, without calling on those, who were concerned, and consequently without the information proper to ground such arrangement on; and as we conceive that the Board were misinformed, respecting the said Regiments of Artillery, and our respective Regiments considerably injured, by the aforesaid decision—We do humbly beg leave, to protest against the Establishment of the said arrangement. And in order that the said Regiments may at no instant of time, be liable to any injury therefrom, we beg that your Excellency would be pleased (by such means as you may think proper) to put an immediate stop to the operation thereof: And we further humbly request, that the Board of General Officers, may again be convened (as soon as may be convenient) for the purposes of re-hearing and considering the premises—and that we may be called on to support the subject of the above Protest. We have the honor to be, with the greatest Respect Your Excellency’s most obed. Servts

            John Lamb
            Ed. Carrington


Title: From George Washington to Major General Israel Putnam, 30 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Putnam, Israel

            Dear Sir.
            Head Quarters Fredericksburg 30th Septr 1778

          The enemys designs still continue ambiguous, however it is our policy to provide against possible events—You will therefore detach a field officer with about one hundred men to guard the pass leading from Haverstraw to Fort Montgomery, I mean the pass by which the enemy marched to the reduction of that post. You will take every other necessary precaution or place such advanced parties as may appear to give you the most perfect security. If you have any communications to make I shall be at Fish-kill Town. I am &c.

            G.W.

          P.[S.] I think among other things it will be adviseable to keep a good look out on the river by sending down a few guard boats under the direction of some vigilant officer.


Title: From George Washington to Major General Israel Putnam, 30 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Putnam, Israel

            Dear sir
            [Fredericksburg] 30 Sepr 1778

          Since writing the inclosed I have some advices that the enemy are moving towards the Clove at Suffrens, you will immediately dispa[t]ch some horsemen to ascertain the fact—I shall be at Fish kill Town this afternoon if you should have any intelligence to communicate. Sir I am &

            G.W.


Title: To George Washington from Major General Israel Putnam, 30 September 1778
From: Putnam, Israel
To: Washington, George

            Dear Sir
            Highlands [N.Y.] 30th septr 1778. 8 oClock. P:M:

          I am this moment favor’d with your Excellencys Letter of this day.
          General Woodford has cross’d the River, and fallen down to Clarks-Town, and by our latest from there, the Enemy are about retiring. A small party of them have been as far up as Clarks-Town but tarried a verry short time. General Winds with his militia has, I am inform’d been at Hackinsack, and I believe the Enemy have drawn in their out Posts to the Liberty Pole, if not wholly left the Jerseys.
          I sent an officer with a party of men from the Fort yesterday, to the Clove to take possession of it if the Enemy had not, and if they had, to make report to me immediately—As I have not heard any thing from him, I amagine the report of the Enemys being there, is without foundation.
          With your Excellencys Letter of yesterday, I Receiv’d information, that the Enemy was about to retire, or rather that they was not advancing, on that account, I thought it would be more pleasing to your Excellency, to continue the Troops here, but have them in constant readiness to push to the Fort without a moments delay. The Horses being all out of Camp, I orderd a Vessel down to receive the Baggage of the Troops, if it should be necessary for them to Cross—In this situation things remain at present.
          I wrote your Excellency Yesterday, about Noon, and am surprised the Letter has not reach’d you.
          In that I mentiond, sending two Boats down the River for information; they return’d last night and give an account of only one Ship and two or three small Vessels in the River. I am with great respect Dr Sir Your Most Obedt Servt

            Israel Putnam

          p.s. I wrote to Genl Woodford this morning, desiring him to give me a particular acct of the situation of the Enemy. When that arrives, I will forward it immediately to your Excellency.


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General Charles Scott, 30 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Scott, Charles

            Dear Sir
            Head Quarters [Fredericksburg] 30th Sepr 1778

          I recd yours of yesterday inclosing Capt. Leavensworth’s intelligence—I shall move myself to Fishkill to day, to which place be pleased to send your next dispatches. I have directed the relay of Horsemen to move their present stages to form a communication directly from you to Fishkill. I think your present position rather too near the North River, as there is a possibility that the enemy may move up the River in the Night and turn your right flank: If therefore you can find an advantageous peice of ground more to the eastward than North Castle Church I think you had better take it. I have directed General Clinton to take post with his Brigade at the pass at the Continental Village, and therefore you need not be uneasy about the security of it. You may do what you think proper respecting the punishment of the deserters. If you remit it you ought to insist upon their making an ample confession of the motives of their desertion, that if it proceeded from the instigation of any Officer he may be called to a proper account. I am &c.

            p.s. Desire Colo. Sheldon to order Moylans Regt up to the Continental Village, there to wait orders either to cross the River or not as there may be occasion.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General Charles Scott, 30 September 1778
From: Scott, Charles
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            North Castle [N.Y.] Sept. 30th 1778

          I this moment recd a Second letter from Capt. Leavensworth giving a more particular Acct From the persons who made their Escape from The Enemy. tho it amounts to but little more Than that, I sent Yesterday, I thought it my duty to Send it. the inclosd is his letter.

          Colo. Butler with three Hundred men and Majr Lee with his Corps has been very Near the enemys lines for two days past, I heard From them this morning. they inform me that the Enemy have not Stird out of their incampment Since they went down, the Colo. writes me that The partie that Surprized Colo. Baylor Returnd Yesterday. he has not been able to learn what they Did with any Degree of Certainty. I am Your Excellencys Obt Servant

            Chs Scott


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General Charles Scott, 30 September 1778
From: Scott, Charles
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            North Castle [N.Y.] Sept. 30th 1778

          I have the pleasure to inclose You a letter from Colo. Butler, giving an Acct of His taking in a partie of the enemy this Morning. this in Some Measure Compensates For poor Baylor. I am Your Excellencys Obt Servant

            Chs Scott

          p.s. not a Single man of ours Hurt.


Title: To George Washington from Major General Stirling, 30 September 1778
From: Stirling, Lord (né William Alexander)
To: Washington, George

            Dr Sir
            Kaykiyate [N.Y.] Sepr 30: 1778 4 oClo. p.m.

          We are Just arrived here and as it is uncertain where Genl Woodford is, as some tell me he is at the Court house about two Miles from hence, others that he is advanced to Clarks town, others that he Marching further on, I shall therefore [remain] here ’till the Messengers I have sent to find him out return—I do not like any of those possitions for him. he [is] too Nigh [the] River and I think might be turn[ed] on his Right, I think of taking him more Westerly towards paramis. they all Agree that the Enemy have retird to their Station at the New Bridge above Hakinsack and from thence across to the liberty pole at the Cross Roads to the English Neighbourhood. there was a more determined Barbarous Massacre than they made of Baylers Corps, the Colonel is above at Tappan and I am in hopes his wound is not Mortal, poor Major Clow is dead in Short they would give no quarter even to those who Submitted and begged for Mercy the Enemy have Near fifty Vessels in Hackensack River loading with forrage.
          I took the liberty to open the enclosed letters in order to get information of the Seetwation of Affairs below. I am your Excellency’s Most Humble Servt

            Stirling,

          Dr Griffith is with Col: Baylor.


Title: To George Washington from Brigadier General William Winds, 30 September 1778
From: Winds, William
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Head Quarters Aquanock [N.J.] 30th Septr 1778

          I Just Now Recd yr Favour of the 28th and would Inform yr Exelency, by Divers Reports the Enemy Consists (some say) of fifteen thousand and some of twelve, and by two Deserters that Came to us Last Night say that their whole force is Nearly there—but in my oppinion there is Nine thousand Men with seven Generals—I yesterday went with my Troops of Melita Near to their works and fired on their Picquets and Drove them in, but Coul’d Not Draw the Enemy out—I am here Now with a Detachment of Melitia of about six hundred men but Cannot keep them Long as they are Daily going of[f] being Allarm’d Men. I am Sir yr Most obedt Servt

            Wm Winds


Title: From George Washington to Colonel James Wood, 30 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Wood, James

            Dr sir
            Head Qrs [Fredericksburg] Septr 30th 1778

          I received your favor of the 27th Instant and Memorandum by Genl Muhlenburg.
          I am sorry the recruiting business does not promise more success; but it is not to be wondered at, as there are such exorbitant bounties given for substitutes. I have never received any regular account of the

            Act you mention and of which you have transmitted a copy. If the Legislature have determined on the bounty contained in the Transcript, they should have made provision for paying it.
          If you have a field officer with your Regiment, I shall have no objection to your going to Virginia, for the purposes you mention; but you will be so obliging as not to set out, till you receive a Letter from me to Govr Henry. I mean to inclose him a state of the Virginia Troops, as soon as I can obtain proper returns, that the State may adopt some speedy and vigorous measures for making their number more respectable. At present they are but a handful, compared to the Quota that they should furnish, and unless something is done this handful will dwindle to Nothing. You will be able to give the Governor satisfaction in many points, about which he may think proper to inquire.
          If there are no Superior claims, that is, of Ensigns in the Virginia line who are unprovided for & who still have merit, I shall not be against Mr Hite’s being introduced as you request; but if there are, there will be a necessity & propriety in giving them the preference. I am Dr sir Yr Most Obed.

          I do not prescribe a day for your return but I must request, that you will not be absent from Camp longer than you shall find it absolutely necessary. You know there are a Great many Officers who will wan<t> and press for furloughs and the Indulgence must be made as equal & as extensive as circumstances will permit.


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General William Woodford, 30 September 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Woodford, William

            Dr sir
            Head Qrs near Fredericksburg30 Septr 1778. 9 OClock a.m.

          I have been favoured with your Letter of yesterday.
          In consequence of the Enemy’s movements on the West side of the North river, I shall proceed to Fish Kill Town to day & hold my Head Quarters there till their intentions are better understood or while circumstances may make it necessary. You will therefore send all your Letters and information to that post and you will also be so obliging as to communicate my removal to Lord Stirling, that he may do the same.
          I am in hopes there is no foundation for the report you mention of the Enemy’s being at the Clove. That pass is so exceedingly important that they should never be suffered to possess it; and whatever position you take should be calculated to give it perfect security. I have written

            to Genl Putnam to send a detachment to occupy the pass, leading from Haverstraw through the Mountains by which the Enemy marched to attack Fort Montgomery last year; so that I trust there will be nothing to apprehend from that, You will advise Lord Stirling of this.
          I am much obliged by your sending Doctr Griffith to the Assistance of Colo. Baylor—Major Clough &c. I regret their unhappy situation and the misfortune that has befallen their Corps. I am Dr sir.


Title: General Orders, 1 October 1778
From: Washington, George
To:

            Head-Quarters Frederick’sburgh Thirsday Octr 1st 1778.
            Parole Falkland—C. Signs Finley Fatland.


Title: From George Washington to Major General Horatio Gates, 1 October 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Gates, Horatio

            sir
            Colo. Brinkerhoffs near Fish Kills Octor 1 1778

          I do not find that the Enemy are advancing on the West side of the River. From the latest accounts they were at the liberty pole and at the Newbridge near Hackensack; and from many circumstances and the conjectures of the Officers in their Neighbourhood, it would seem that foraging is the principal object of their expedition. I was very apprehensive that they would possess themselves of some of our Stores; but they have not; and I am in hope, that the only inconvenience we shall suffer in this instance, from their coming out, will be a diversion

            of them from the usual route, and a little more delay in getting them to Camp.
          Colo. Butler from Genl Scots detachment was fortunate enough to fall in with a party of the Enemy yesterday morning, and to make a Lieutenant and Eighteen privates prisoners, besides killing Ten, without any loss on our part. I am sir Yr Most Obed. servt

            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Major General Nathanael Greene, 1 October 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Greene, Nathanael

            Dear Sir
            Fishkill 1st October 1778

          The inclosed was sent to you at Boston, and by mistake of General Heaths Aide de Camp, who imagined you were returning directly to the Army, sent back again.

          The enemy are foraging with strong parties on this side the River, between the plains and the Bridge, and on the other, in Bergen. A few nights ago they made an unlucky stroke at Baylors Regiment of Horse laying at Harrington, four Miles from Tapan. They surprised them compleatly and have killed and taken upwards of fifty of the Men. The Colonel and Major Clough were both wounded and made prisoners; the latter is since dead and I fear the former is in much danger. The Enemy keep their main Body at the New Bridge and forage below. Whether this forage is for a Winters store at New York, or preparatory to a move elsewhere is yet uncertain: but a variety of accounts from the City mention that an evacuation is to take place this Fall. The season advances fast, and if they intend to Sea, they must soon prosecute their Voyage.
          Colo. Butler with part of the Light Corps, and Lees Horse retaliated upon the enemy in some sort yesterday morning. They surprised a party of 150 Chasseurs and Yagers, made a Lieutenant and eighteen prisoners and left ten dead upon the Spot, without the loss of a man, on our side, killed or wounded. I am with great Regard Dear Sir Yr most obt Servt

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Major General Alexander McDougall, 1 October 1778
From: McDougall, Alexander
To: Washington, George

            Sir,
            Fredericksburgh octor 1st 1778 9 a.m.

          The van of my division arr[i]ved at Mr Menezies House; at 8 this morning, when I received your Excellency’s orders, throˆ Colonel Laurence, to Halt my Division on the first Convenint Ground; and there wait further orders, which is accordinly done. From the appearance of the Country near us, I fear Forage will be a Scarce Article. Mr Van Zandt who is the Bearrer of this, will convey to me any Commands you shall please to Honor me with. If none are sent by him; as I have yet no Quarters, I wish to be enquired for, at General Schylers Quarters at the House above mentioned.
          The North Carolina Troops are greatly in want of Shoes; and the Badness of these Roads Criples them. If there are any in the Store,

            I beg to be favored with an order to draw for them. Please to receive the inclosed, handed to me by General Gates to be communicated to your [Excellency]. I have the Honor to be, your Excellency very Humble Servt

            Alexr McDougall


Title: To George Washington from Major General Israel Putnam, 1 October 1778
From: Putnam, Israel
To: Washington, George

            Dear Sir
            Highlands [N.Y.] 1st Octor 1778.

          Mr Putnam has this moment return’d—he saw Lord stirling at Judge Coes, who inform’d him that he had wrote your Excellency the particulars of the Enemy and his own situation. Mr Putnam also saw Col. Hay, <who> lays with his Regt of Militia at Clarks-Town.

          Col. Hay informs him, that the Enemy have drew in their Picquet from towards Tappan, to a small distance from their main Body, and that by every appearance he thinks they do not intend to advance further in the Country.
          The Inclos’d Letter from Lord stirling I took the Liberty to open, as I had a desire to see what was the situation of Col. Baylor. Inclos’d is also a Letter from Genl Woodford. I have the Honor to be with great respect Dr sir your most Obedt Servt

            Israel Putnam

          P:S: There is no shipping in the River higher than F. Washington.
          I am inform’d a party from Genl Scotts Brigade have Ambuscaded a party of the Enemy and taken & kill’d 25 & taken 15 Horse.


Title: From George Washington to Brigadier General Charles Scott, 1 October 1778
From: Washington, George
To: Scott, Charles

            Dear Sir
            Fishkill 1st October 1778

          Your favr of Yesterday reached me early this Morning. I am happy to hear of the success of Colo. Butlers enterprize to whom and all the Officers of his party be pleased to present my thanks for their behaviour. I am here for the convenience of reciving intelligence of the motions of the enemy on both sides the River. I am &ca.


Title: To George Washington from Lieutenant Colonel William Butler, 2 October 1778
From: Butler, William
To: Washington, George

            May it please your Excellency
            [Schoharie, N.Y.] October 2nd 1778

          I wrote you a few days ago from Albany of my intentions to send a party to attack the enemy at Unadilla, last night I sent off my

            advanced party & am just marching the body consisting of above 200 men—I take the command of the party myself, & hope on my return to be able to give your Excellency a satisfactory account of the expedition.
          This will be delivered your Excellency by Capt. Long, an Officer in the Rifle Chair [corps] who sinc under my command has supported the character of a gentleman & a good Officer—He in some party’s which he has commanded since with me has signalize himself by his bravery & good conduct, By a bad state of health, he is obliged to retire from this command, which I sincerely regret. I remain with respect Yr Excellency’s Humble Servant.

            Wm Butler