Title: From George Washington to Robert R. Livingston, 20 August 1795
From: Washington, George
To: Livingston, Robert R.

            Dear Sir
            Philadelphia 20th August 1795

          I received your favor, dated the 8th of July (on the subject of the treaty with Great Britain) the day preceeding my departure for Mount Vernon; from whence I intended to have acknowledged the receipt of it: but so many letters of a public nature were poured upon me at that place, and the urgency of the business in which I have since been engaged, have prevented my doing it until now.
          Aiming only to promote & secure the true interest of my country, I willingly receive information concerning those interests from my fellow-citizens. The opinions & reasonings of enlightened men are particularly acceptable: but, as it happens in other matters, so in this, they are extremely varient. You deem the treaty palpably defective, & pregnant with evils: others think it contains substantial good. For myself, I freely own that I cannot discern in it the mischiefs you anticipate: on the contrary, altho’ it does not rise to all our wishes, yet it appears to me calculated to procure to the United States such advantages as entitle it to our acceptance. My final act, of course, conforms to this opinion.
          I feel myself greatly obliged by your expressions of respect, esteem and attachment: and if the unvarying integrity of my views have deserved them, they will not now be withdrawn: for I can merit your good opinion and the general approbation of my fellow-citizens only by a conscientious discharge of what I conceive to be my duty. With great esteem & regard, I am—Dear Sir Your Obedt & Very Hble Servt

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Philadelphia Subscribers, Merchants, and Traders, 20 August 1795
From: Philadelphia Subscribers, Merchants, and Traders
To: Washington, George

            [Philadelphia, 20 Aug. 1795]
            To the President of the United States

          The Address of the Subscribers, Merchants and Traders of the City of Philadelphia.
          Respectfully sheweth
          That confiding in the Wisdom, Integrity, and Patriotism, of the constituted Authorities, We have forborne to offer our Opinions on the Merits of the Treaty, pending between Great Britain and the United States; tho’ as Merchants and Traders our Interests are more immediately concerned than those of any other Class of Men amongst us, as well on account of the Indemnity therein stipulated for past Losses, as for the Security We apprehend it will give to the immense Property employed by the Merchants of the United States in their foreign Commerce.
          But seeing that other Citizens have expressed their Opinions upon this important Subject, and fearing least our Silence should be construed into an Aquiescence in those Opinions, We deem it our Duty explicitly and publickly to avow our Approbation of the Conduct of the Senate of the United States: Believing that a different Conduct respecting the Treaty would have subjected us to the imminent Hazard of War, with all it’s concomitant Evils— and more especially as Provision is made for the Establishment of public and private Credit, a Continuance of Peace with all the Advantages under which our Commerce flourishes, And the further Improvement of our Country now progressing in a Degree, elsewhere without Example.
          These are Advantages and Blessings which in our Opinion greatly outweigh all the Objections to the Treaty generally; and as further Negotiations are recommended for obtaining a less limited Intercourse with the British West Indi⟨es⟩ Islands, We may hope that it will be rendered still more beneficial to this Country.

          Such being our Sentiments, We submit them freely and in Confidence that as they have not been hastily formed so they will not be less deserving of Consideration.


Title: To George Washington from James Ross, 20 August 1795
From: Ross, James
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Pittsburgh 20th August 1795

          I have agreed to sell your lands on Millers Run in Washington County to Colo. Matthew Ritchie, at four Dollars per Acre strict measure. One fourth part of the purchase money to be paid upon the first day of next June, The residue to be paid in four equal Installments commencing on the first day of June 1797. & Interest to run on the whole sum from the first day of January next. The purchase money to be secured by Judgment Bonds and Mortgage of the premisses. All payments to be made at the Bank of Pennsylvania, & interest on the whole Sum due to be paid Yearly at the Bank on the first of June untill the whole is discharged. The Rents due & to become due upon the present leases are reserved to You. These lands are now leased for One Year expiring upon the first day of April Next: but the tenants have the priviledge of sowing one half the Arable land this fall. They Obliged, however to give possession of the premisses (not sown) to any purchasor or future tenant upon the first of April

Next. Charles Morgan tells me that the whole rent will not exceed £100 or thereabouts, but that the tenants are to leave the lands in tenantable repair.
          Colo. Ritchie has been long a resident in Washington County, possesses a large property, is noted for his punctuality, & has lands in the Neighbourhood of yours. He expects that by cutting his & yours into Lotts of fifty or 100. a[cres], and giving long credits, he will be able to sell for a very considerable profit. Independent of all sales, you may be assured that he will comply with his engagements, & that he is in circumstances which ensure punctuality. He thought it Unreasonable that I should demand Interest before possession could be given, especially in this case, where at the expiration of the lease, one half the Arable land will be in crop for your benefit. Upon the other hand the rent is trifling & one reason of this is that the tenants are to leave the premisses in tenantable repair. These repairs if made will be an immediate & permanent benefit to the purchaser. Three months Interest will in some measure equalise this between you. To this I Added that a strict construction of your letter to me would oblige me to sell for Interest on the Whole Sum from the date of the contract, & that I had already exceeded my Instructions by remitting the Interest Untill the first of January next. He signed An Article of agreement upon the terms first above mentioned, but at the same time delivered me the enclosed letter desiring me to forward it to you, this I undertook to do without intimating any probability of its success or making any engagement to urge it. so that you will Judge and decide for yourself without the weight of any honorary promise of mine farther than I have mentioned.
          I fixed upon the first of June rather then the first of april for all the payments, because they will correspond with those of Colo. Shreve, & by dividing the ballance of the purchase money into four installments instead of five, the whole Amount will be discharged in both cases at exactly the same time. As Colo. Ritchies ability for the first payment is unquestionable, & Interest runs in the meantime I thought it would be less trouble & every way more agreeable to you. Charles Morgan will make an Accurate survey of the whole tract & return it to me. This survey & not the quantity mentioned in your patents, is to govern the contracting part⟨ies⟩ As to the purchase money. In order to clothe me with legal & formal pow⟨er⟩ to conclude this agreement & Sign your

name, a power of Attorney un⟨der⟩ your seal will be Necessary, as in the case of Colo. Shreve. As Colo. Ritchies prospect of selling, has been formed chiefly upon his strong connection with the Europeans, he wishes to have a conveyance of the lands & to execute a Mortgage that he may be enabled to perfect the titles which he Undertakes to make in all cases of prompt payment. To this I see no Objection. The execution of the Title may be deferred untill next spring as Mrs Washingtons Signature will be necessary, and in the mean time after your power of Attorney Arrives I will enter into formal Articles, & take the Judgment Bonds which Virtually effects all that can be immediately wanted.
          Jabez Bingham, whose letter on the subject of leasing all your lands was enclosed to me in yours of the 15th July last, came to this place a few days ago: such a lease as he seemed to have in view, appeared to me a real sale reserving a ground rent, & Such a Sale as if made even far above the present selling price would be entirely incompatible with either your Views or interest, in as much as the payment of the Annuity, or rent reserved would depend upon the wealth & Number of the Actual Occupants, & even in that case should there be a default the only effectual process would be distress of their property on the premisses, a remedy disagreeable, tedious & expensive. Such a reservation will suit well enough with ground upon which Valuable improvements, are to be erected but where the soil itself is more valuable than the improvements, it must always be ineligible. In this case from a long conversation with Mr Bingham I could not discover either property, connections, or talents which would recommend him as the principal in such an Undertaking. Finding that I did not listen to proposals of this discription, he offered to become the purchasor of the lands on Millers run & was willing to enter into Articles This I declined unless he would give me Security for the first payment, this was out of ⟨his⟩ power but I then saw that there was some reliance upon your being willing to take back the lands on the first of april next rather than sue for your money, & in the mean time you were prevented from Selling if a purchaser offered, & he could avail himself of the opportunity to make what profit he could by selling before Peace with the Indians should hold out security to those desirous of going on to the Settlements upon the Ohio—There is not the most remote pos⟨sibi⟩lity that he will on any terms agree with me for the lands

down the Ohio nor for any part of them. Several inquiries have been lately made, for the terms on which you will Sell the round bottom on the Ohio ⟨at⟩ the Mouth of Fish Creek. I have mentioned that considerable credit wo⟨uld⟩ be Allowed but could Not Venture to fix a price untill you were consulted. With the highest Respect I have the Honour to be Sir your Most Obedient humble Servant

            James Ross


Title: To George Washington from George Walker, 20 August 1795
From: Walker, George
To: Washington, George

            Drawing & Painting Academy—Edinburgh [Scotland] Augt 20th 1795.
            Sir,

          Impressed with a high idea of your desire to patronize those Arts which improve & embellish life, I beg leave to sollicit your Acceptance of the Prints which accompany this letter.

          My intention of presenting them made me take the liberty to insert Your Name in the list of Subscribers, a circumstance which, considering the motive, I hope you will have the goodness to excuse.
          It would not become me to say any thing of a character which is so much superior to any encomiums that I could bestow; permit me only to mention that with the Wise & Good You have acquired the highest esteem As the friend of Peace, of Virtue and of Science; And that tho Universally respected No One more reveres your exalted character than, permit Me to Add, Sir, Your most Obedient humble servant

            Geo. Walker.


Title: Address to the Chickasaw Nation, 22 August 1795
From: Washington, George
To: Chickasaw Nation

            United States Philadelphia Augt 22. 1795.

          The Talk of the President of the United States to Major William Colbert, John Brown the Younger and William MGillivray, Chickasaws, and Malcolm MGhee Interpreter, representing the Chickasaw Nation.
          My Children
          I have considered the written Talk from the Headmen of the Chickasaw Nation, which you delivered to me four-days ago. The subject I had before considered in consequence of the written talk presented to me last month by James Kemp and other Chickasaws, who were here with some Choctaws. As I pretty fully expressed my ideas upon it in the talk I addressed to them, I must refer you to it for the general answer to your present application. A copy of all the proceedings with James Kemp and his Companions was delivered to him for the information of the two Nations: but for your satisfaction I shall now deliver to you another.

          My Children,
          I sincerely regret the difficulties in which you are involved by the mistaken opinions which have been entertained of the intentions and obligations of the United States towards their friends the Chickasaws. It was never the design of the United States to interfere in the disputes of the Indian Nations among one another unless as friends to both parties, to reconcile them. In this way I shall do every thing in my power to serve the Chickasaw Nation. The Commissioner⟨s⟩ at the Conference at Nashville had no authority to promise any other interference. General Robertson did wrong in telling your nation last year that he expected the United States would send an army against the Creeks this summer. Your strong expectation of seeing such an army, and probably other encouragements of support, may have led you to strike the Creeks; which now occasions so much distress. It seems also that the Commissions which were given to a number of the Chickasaw Chiefs were not truly interpreted. They were expressly confined to operations against the Indians Northwest of the Ohio.
          My Children,
          If I were to grant you the aid of my warriors, which you request, the consequence would be a general war between the United States and the whole Creek Nation. But the power of making such a war belongs to Congress (the Great Council of the United States) exclusively. I have no authority to begin such a war without their consent.
          My humanity and particular friendship for the Chickasaws will not permit me to let them suffer from the want of provisions. Governor Blount will receive my orders on this subject.
          The act of the Spaniards in taking possession of the Chickasaw Bluff is an unwarrantable aggression as well against the United States, as the Chickasaws to whom the land there belongs. I shall send talks, and do what else shall appear to me proper, to induce the Spanish King, or his Governor, to remove their people from that Station, and to make no more encroachments on your lands.
          My Children.
          There is one thing requested in the written talk you delivered to me, which perhaps may be useful to us both—that is to send

you an honest man to act as the Clerk for your Chiefs, who may write me truly of all things concerning your interests and those of the United States. Of this I will further consider and hereafter inform you by letter.

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from “Valerius,” 22 August 1795
From: “Valerius”
To: Washington, George

          22 Aug. 1795. He understands that GW has signed the Jay Treaty with Great Britain. In doing so, GW pledges the United States “to the performance of stipulations, the inevitable operation of which the benevolence of the good man laments, and the spirit of the proud man abhors.” The writer asks: “Shall Freemen despair? … No … citizens of an enlightened and gallant Republic” must “view themselves as the arbiters of their own fate. Let them consider that the President and the Senate are their servants; and that though for the present they exercise certain delegated powers, yet these powers may be reclaimed by the people.”
          The nation faces a crisis. The government “has carried the nation from the calm retreats of peace and happiness, into the midst of war and desolation.” But such an act “is not deemed irrevocable.” The political evils Americans seek to avert are caused by “the errors or the depravity of the administrators of our government … or … from that unforseen and unavoidable state of things which … form a new æra in the annals of nations.”
          The author intends to consider GW’s “public character,” his administration, his motives in the discharge of his duties, and the character of his cabinet members as an “impartial” analysis “of a President of the United States, whose austere inflexibility of character has given” a controversial treaty “the force of irrevocable law, in defiance of the loud thunders of popular indignation.”


Title: To George Washington from Gabriel Peterson Van Horne, 22 August 1795
From: Van Horne, Gabriel Peterson
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Vans Ville [Md.] 22nd August 1795

          Conscious of the delicacy, As the importance of the Subject—If Unfortunately in this Address, I have intruded, The President will I hope Attribute to a Zealous Ardor, those Sentiments which flow from the purest intentions.
          Notwithstanding those recent instances which required the Virtuous Exertions of the Executive, to restore Order, and Tranquillity; And it is no less Apparent, that to the Same Unexampled Vigilence the Blessings of peace have been Extended— with those Highly Favoured National advantages, ’Tis painful to reflect, that Charactors Influential Stimulated not by Dispationate Motives Again Arrest the Attention of the President.
          To Injudicious, And Indecent proceedings Have been Added, Precipitate Interferances of The Constituted Authoritys. Degrading to the National Charactor, And Derogatory to the Opinion, And good Sence of the great Body of the People.
          Wounding as the Instance had been, a Consolation Exists that its Operation has Defeated its Own Objects, Terminating in the Effusions of the Moment.
          The Great Body of the Community guarding Against Excentric Constructions, and Partial prejudices; With patient Zeal, have Confidentially rested, An Event so important to that Tribunal, which alone were Constitutionally Competant to Decide.
          Gratefull therefore to the feelings of every Citizen (whose Virtuous desires Accord with the Interest of his Country) has been the Firm, And Decided, Determinations of the President Not to “Abandon the Constitutional Powers Or Suffer a demunition of its Sacred Rights.[”]
          From the Smallest Aperture, the President will therefore

Descern, a Ray of those Undisguised Sentiments, And thus Confidential regard Too highly Estimated, and Too Dear To Suffer a Momentary Suspention.
          Be persuaded Sir, that the Diffidence I feel in presenting this address, Cou’d be Supperceeded Only by those Obligations which Duty Inspires; And Permit that fervor with which it is Accompanyd to plead an Appology for the Liberty I have Presumed On the Occation. with Due regard Your Obedt Servt

            Gabriel P. Van Horne


Title: To George Washington from Gouverneur Morris, 23 August 1795
From: Morris, Gouverneur
To: Washington, George

          private

            My dear Sir
            Wimbledon [England] 23d Augt 1795

          Just before I left Town I receiv’d a Letter from Mr Mountflorence informing that Mr Skipwith whom Mr Munroe had appointed to the Consulate at Paris intended to resign and that Mr Munroe had promised to recommend him to that Place. He at the same Time desir’d me (if I thought him fit for the Place) to mention it to my friends in America. After this Introduction I take the Liberty to tell you my dear Sir that if Mr Mountflorence should be appointed I think you will not be dissatisfied with his Conduct: there is one Reason why it would be agreable to me viz. that you would then have there a Person who is attached to you. I am sorry to see that Mr Jay’s Treaty has occasioned so much Clamor in America I beleive the Defects might easily be corrected and seem to me to have arisen as much from Oversight as any Thing else. I have not however conversed on the Subject with any of the King’s Ministers indeed I was but two or three Days in London coming off my Tour thro the South of England and shall now set off again for my Northern Tour which will take six Weeks or two Months so that I do not expect to see any of them for some Time to come. You will have seen that Spain has made Peace with France. I presume that Sardinia and the Italian States will follow the Example and Portugal whether at Peace or War is not to be considered as a belligerent Power. Austria therefore & England are the only Parties with which France has now to contend, and it seems not improbable that this will be the

last Campaign. It does not follow that Peace will be fully restor’d for I do not quite see on what Terms it is to be made. Germany asks and certainly wishes that France should cede the Countries she has conquered from the Empire but having no Equivalent to give in Exchange nor any Force to compel the Cession it seems not quite likely that the Conqueror will be persuaded to make the desired Surrender. Flanders will I think be another Object of difficult Disposition. If retain’d by France the Situation of this Country will be very insecure & I have reason to beleive that Mr Pitt would not, except in the last necessity, make Peace on such Terms. Of the West India Islands I shall say Nothing because you will always know more of what is doing there than we can. The british Fleet will probably maintain a decided Superiority there as in Europe consequently a Chief of real Talents to whom a broad Discretion shall have been given might do much very much. Has Britain such a Chief to send thither? Will the government leave him a sufficiently Liberty to act? These are questions to which I cannot answer. The Failure of the Quiberon Affair seems to have arisen entirely from the MisConduct of those french Officers who commanded. The Party of the Royalists is in great Force ⟨and⟩ if they knew their Strength throughout France (which from the Measures taken to prevent a Communication of Sentiments it is very difficult and almost impossible for them to do) they would soon overturn the present Powers. A second Expedition is now going on from hence and will be directed to a Point more proper than that where the last Attempt was made. Admit⟨t⟩ing that Peace were made it is highly probable that France might become the Theatre of a long and furious civil War. You will have observed that they are endeavoring at a less absurd Constitution than those by which they have been hitherto pestered and tormented. but supposing they should even adopt a good one, which seems unlikely to happen, still in my opinion they would not be easy under it; for they never appear’d to me to have the needful Education nor the proper Temper for free government. I continue to be perswaded that they will fall under the Domination of some single Despot, but I am by no means clear as to the Person nor the Mode by which he is to get into Authority. Should the Party of the Royalists succeed, the Business is then settled for a Time very simply otherwise it may be the Result of civil Commotion and in all Cases the

Fatigue of such violent Convulsions will induce that turbulent People to submit to the Yoke with great Tameness. This Hemisphere see⟨ms⟩ in general to be odly situated. Few of the existing Governments possess Vigor equal to the trying Circumstances which surround them. and in many, Corruption is superadded to Weakness. The french and prussian Cabinets are endeavoring to stir the Turk, a⟨nd⟩ if they bring him into Action it will probably terminate to his great Disadvantage; but about this they are indifferent provided he makes a powerful Diversion to Forces which are now employed against France and others which menace Prussia. I beleive this last will be reduced to Insignificance before the Close of the present Century, and in the mean Time I should not be surpris’d at his Invasion of Hanover. France is so much exhausted that she can do little, very little if any Thing, at a Distance from her own Frontier. Sweden who is begging for Cash without which her Efforts will be futile cannot I think obtain any adequate Assistance and in the mean Time Russia will probably bring about another Revolution in that Country and reestablish the Senate. Denmark will fall into the Scale of Russia Austria and England rather than of their Enemies. The Season is so far advanced that no Stroke will probably be ⟨s⟩truck in the North this Year owing principally to the Feebleness of the Cabinet of Vienna. In all Cases Holland appears to me to be compleatly undone. The Bankruptcy of their India Company long palliated now stands confest and that of the nation exists tho not avowed. Her Commerce is totally suspended and as the great Mass of the People derived thence their Means of Subsistence the Distress will be great and general. Discontent as general must thence arise and if the french Protection be withdrawn the Patriots (so called) will probably be sacrificed. In the Case of a general Pacification I do not see how or on what Principle the ruling Powers can keep up a large french Army in the Heart of their Country. But in whatever Manner it may be done they can, from the Nature of Things be no more than the Upper Servants of such an Army. Placing the Matter in the fairest Point of View and supposing the present Party to be the strongest, still they will not I think be able to establish that order and Security without which Commerce will fly far from their Shores. Hence I conclude that London will become the great Emporium of Trade in Europe unle⟨ss⟩ the Devil should put it into their Heads to make

Revolution⟨s⟩ here also which will not I beleive be the Case during the Life of the present Monarch. Adieu my dear Sir I am ever and truly yours

            Gouv Morris


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Johnson, 24 August 1795
From: Washington, George
To: Johnson, Thomas

            My dear Sir,
            Philadelphia 24th Augt 1795

          The Office of Secretary of State is vacant—occasioned by the resignation of Mr Randolph. Will you accept it? You know my wishes of old, to bring you into the Administration—Where then is the necessity of repeating them? No time more than the present, ever required the aid of your abilities—nor of the old and proved patriots of this Country.
          To have yours would be pleasing to me, and I verily believe it would be agreeable also to the community at large. It is with you to decide. if in the affirmative return to me the letter here with enclosed, and I will communicate further with you on this subject, the moment you inform me thereof. If it is in the negative, be so good as to forward the letter by Post, agreeably to its address: and at any rate write me the result of your determination as soon as you can, after the receipt of this letter, as I only remain here to get this, and some other matters arranged before I go to Virginia for my family. With sincere esteem & regd I am—My dear Sir Your obedient and Affectionate Servt

            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, 24 August 1795
From: Washington, George
To: Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth

            (Private)
            My dear Sir,
            Philadelphia 24th Augt 1795

          The Officer of Secretary of State has become vacant by the resignation of Mr Randolph. Is the period yet arrived, when the situation of your private concerns would permit you to accept it? As a preliminary mean of information, I have resorted to your letter of the 24th of February 1794; and tho’ the time there allotted for this purpose, is not quite accomplished, there is not much wanting of it. And I have heard, besides, that you were, in a manner, retiring from the pursuits of your profession.
          It is unnecessary for me to repeat sentiments which you have so often heard me express, respecting my wishes to see you in the Administration of the General government. the sincerity of which, you can have no doubt. Equally unnecessary is it to observe to you, that the affairs of this country are in a violent paroxysm; and that it is the duty of its old, and uniform friends, to assist in piloting the Vessel, in which we are all embarked, between the Rocks of Sylla and charibdas; for more pains never were taken, I believe, than to throw it upon one or the other, and to embroil us in the disputes of Europe.
          I shall add nothing further, however, on this subject—for nothing, I am certain, I could say would be new to a person of your observation and information. I will come therefore to the point at once: can you, or can you not, make it comport with your interest and inclination, to accept the appointment of Office of State? If you answer in the affirmative, it will occur to you instantly, that an Office of such dignity, and high importance,

ought not to be without a head, at such a crisis as this, a moment if it could well be avoided. If (which I should sincerely regret) your answe⟨r⟩ should be in the negative the less (for reasons which will readily occur to y⟨ou)⟩ there is said of the offer, the better. In either case, be so good as to favor m⟨e⟩ with an answer as soon as your mind is made up, relative thereto. With very sincere esteem an⟨d⟩ regard—I am—my dear Si⟨r⟩ Your Obedient and Affectionate Serv.

            Go: Washingto⟨n⟩


Title: To George Washington from Burke County, Ga., Citizens, 25–27 August 1795
From: Citizens of Burke County, Georgia
To: Washington, George

            [25–27 Aug. 1795]

          At a meeting of a number of the Citizens of burk County at the Court house in Waynesborough on Tuesday the 25th of August Respecting the Impending Treaty with Great Britain.
          David Emanuel was Called to the Chair.
          Resolved that a Committee of nine Members be appointed to take into Consideration the Impending Treaty between Great Britain and Amarica and Report theire Sentiments thereon On thursday next at 12 Oclock at the old Court house in Waynesborough.
          Resolved that John Jones John Davies James Jones, John Morrison, Thomas Lewis John Clements James Stubbs James Lester and Simion Lowry be that Committee.
          The meeting adjourned untill Thursday 12 Oclock.
          At a meeting of the Citizens of Burke County in the state of Georgia, convean’d Pursuant to adjournment at the old Court house in Waynesborough in the said County on Thursday the 27th day of August 1795—The Committee who ware appointed

to take into Consideration the Impending Treaty of Commer[c]e between Great Britain, and Amarica, submitted theire report which was received and read and is as follow,
          Resolved that the Citizens of burke County concur with there fellow Citizens of Chatham County in the said state In thiere objections to the Treaty of Amity Commerce and Navagation now Pending between Great Britain and Amarica They appeareing to them on mature deliberation to be substaintial and well founded.
          Resolved that aforesaid treaty is so Glaringly Partial in behalf of the British Government as to be truly alarming to every Sinceare friend to the Interest and Liberties of Amarica It appeareing to the Citizens of this County that an Attachment, to British policy incompatib⟨le⟩ therewith must have led to this disgraceful Bussines⟨s⟩ Or perhaps what is still more dangerous from Corrupt motives in the Minister who negociated And the members of the Senate who Voted in favour of the iniquitous Compact and we have the fullest confidence that the Cheif Magestrate Of the United States will use his Influance And best endeavours to promote a legislative Inquiry on the Subject at the next meeting Of Congress

              Wm Wyne scy
              David Emanuel


Title: From George Washington to William Jackson, 25 August 1795
From: Washington, George
To: Jackson, William

            Dear Sir
            Philadelphia 25th Augt 1795

          I have been favored with your letter of yesterday, and thank you sincerely for the obliging offer therein contained. My stay here will be short; and the weight of business is pretty well got through. I am not less sensible, however, of your kindness on that account.
          To the close attention I have paid to it, since my arrival, you must attribute my seclusion from company; except at the hours appropriated for that purpose. This cause also, has, in a manner, prevented my crossin the threshold of my own door, except at times when I have found it convenient to go to one or other of the public Offices since I came to the city. With esteem & regard I am—Dear Sir Your obliged

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Scott County, Ky., Citizens, 25 August 1795
From: Citizens of Scott County, Kentucky
To: Washington, George

              [25 Aug. 1795]

            The free men of Scott County met at Georg Town on the 25th day of August 1795—(agreable to Notification) and after Chusing a Moderator
            Proceded to take under consideration the Treaty of amity Commerce and Navigation betwen the United States and his Britannic Majesty Concluded at London the 19th day of November 1794 by Lord Greenville and John Jay, and in part Advised and Consented too by two thirds of the Senate of the United States.
            We are Unanimously of the opinion the Said Treaty If Ratified will prove greatly to the injury of the Commerce liberty and prosperity of the United States.
            Resolved therefore, that it is the opinion of the Citizens present that an Address be Sent to the President of the United States—and that Robert Johnson William Henry and Richard Henderson be a Committe to prepair an address for that purpose—the following was Immeadiately presented; Read and Unanimously agreed too. therefore resolved that Bartlet Collins Moderator of this meeting Transmit the same to the President of the United States without delay.

              Bartlet Collins Modr

            The Remonstrance and petition of the Citizens of Scott County, State of Kentucky Respectfully Sheweth,
            That the King of Great Britain have with hatred and envy viewed the rising Greatness of the United States, and ever endeavoured, not only by force but by Subtil secret and insidious attemps to destroy the peace hapiness and National prosperity of the Union, which without shewing our reasons at large, appears conspicuous in the late Treaty of Amity and Commerce entered into on the 19th day of November 1795 (which in our opinion) if Ratified will reduce us to a State of dependance equal to that of a Conquared Nation, which inevitably destroys the Commerce

agriculture & National hapiness of our Country, The unabated malignity of the British to the French Nation must in a great degree continue fro[m] the favours conferd on us by that brave people in our Conflict, against them.
            we have ever revered your great and amiable virtues, and remember with gratitud the obligations we owe to you, the refusing your Signature in the present, Instance (untill a treaty more agreable be agreed to by the parties) must ever be considered as anothe[r] obligation by your Greatful Petitioners.

              (signed) Bartlet Collinsin behalf of the Meeting by request


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Johnson, 26 August 1795
From: Washington, George
To: Johnson, Thomas

            My dear Sir,
            Philadelphia 26th Augt 1795

          I discovered, after my letter of the 24 with its enclosure, was sent to the Post Office, that it would have to remain in Baltimore until friday, before it would be taken up by the cross-post for Frederick Town. This will occasion a delay on which I had not calculated: and as the return Post from the last mentioned place may not be immediate, the intention of this letter is to request the favor of you—if my letter of the 24th should reach your hands on friday, as expected (if you are at home) and you should be able to decide upon the purport of it by Sunday—that you wd be so good as to dispatch your answer by an Express (the cost of which I will pay) to Baltimore; so as to be there in time for the Mail of next morning. The letter for Genl Pinckney will

come under your cover to me, or to the Postmaster at Balte to proceed on with the southn Mail, according to the result of your determination. To know wch, as well on private, as on public ground without delay, would be interesting to Dear Sir Your Affecte and Obedt Ser.

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Charles Morgan, 27 August 1795
From: Morgan, Charles
To: Washington, George

          Letter not found: from Charles Morgan, 27 Aug. 1795. In Morgan’s letter to GW of 2 Sept. he referred to “my letter of the 27th of august.”


Title: To George Washington from Oliver Wolcott, Jr., 27 August 1795
From: Wolcott, Oliver Jr.
To: Washington, George

            Treasury Department. August 27th 1795.

          The secretary of the Treasury respectfully transmits to the President of the United States a Letter from the Commissioner of the Revenue dated the 19th Instant, covering the copy of one to him from the Collector of Washington, on the subject of sundry Contracts made by the said Collector, for placing & Keeping up the stakes under his superintendence, and shifting & clearing the Buoys at the south west Straddle for the year 1796.
          It is the opinion of the Secretary that it is adviseable to authorise Contracts on the terms proposed, with the exception of the article (numbered 3.) for the stakage of Albemarle Sound and its channels, Croctan shoals & the marshes, which can be suspended until farther enquiry can be made, without injury to the public service. All which is respectfully submitted.

            Oliv: Wolcott Jr.Secy of the Treasy


Title: To George Washington from Amelia County, Va., Citizens, 28 August 1795
From: Citizens of Amelia County, Virginia
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Amelia Virginia Augt 28th 1795

          By a numerous & respectable meeting of the Inhabitants Landholders and others of the County of Amelia, Virginia, convened by previous notifycation, at the Court house of the said County, on the 27th day of August 1795 to take into consideration the present Treaty pending between the United States & Great Brittain, am requested respectfully to communicate to you, their unanimous resolves thereupon.
          Resolved 1st That the people of the United States have a right to assemble for the purpose of Expressing their opinion of the

Conduct of those employed in the administration of their Government, & of the tendency of every important public measure.
          Resolved 2ndly That the people in the different Townes in these states who have expressed their sentiments & feelings in disapprobation of the Treaty pending between the United States & Great Brittain have acted in a manner becoming the citizens of a free Govern-ment, & have fully conveyed to the federal Executive, the opinion of the Merchants & Traders on this momentous Subject.
          Resolved 3rdly That it is the duty of the Agricultural part of the union, also to express their sense of the probable effects of an instrument so novel & so comprehensive as this Treaty lately presented to the public: as this meeting conceives it embraces most of the important relatio⟨ns⟩ in which we are placed as Citizens; or in which we stand connected with foreign Nations: and because if it shd be ratified by the President, & submitted to by the People, we would be deprived of many of the most important benefits, resulting from that memorable contest, which terminated in our Independence.
          These Conclusions appear to the members of this meeting, as fair deductions, & as such, will inevitably result from a ratification of this Treaty.
          1st Because the 2nd 3rd 12th 13th 14th 15th & 21st Articles are direct violations of the Constitution so far as the regulations therein respect those matters, which are exclusively vested in the congress by that constitution. viz.
          To lay and collect Taxes, duties, impost &c.
          To regulate commerce with foreign Nations, & among the several States and with the Indian Tribes.
          To establish an uniform rule of Naturalization.
          To define and punish Piracies.
          2ndly Because the 2nd Article authorizes aliens to possess all the benefits of American citizens, if they should choose to become such; & that without complying with the rules prescribed by law; or it establishes a Brittish colony within the limits of the United States with most dangerous privileges, & it gives these advantages to men who have been the chief agents in exciting the Indians to a tedious, bloody; & expensive war, & being our bitter & irreconcileable enemies, they are placed in the most favorable situation imaginable to co-operate in inflicting the

most deadly & irreparable injuries, at some future period, on our Western Frontiers.
          3rdly Because by the 6th Article compensation is to be made out of the public revenue, to Brittish creditors for losses & damages in debts contracted previous to the adoption of the federal Constitution, altho’ immediately after its adoption, Courts were established at a great expence, whose cheif business has consisted in enforcing their Collection, & the Treaty of Peace only stipulated, that there should be no lawful impediment to their recovery; and because by this article new & unheared of powers are given to a tribunal, whose mode of proceeding will be materially, different from any heretofore known in America, excluding juries, & attended with the singular Circumstance of banishing all kind of defence, to any claims which may be sett up, by assuming the payment of debts due from Individuals; & after thus enticing men to the commission of frauds & perjuries for any claims they may establish before a sett of Commissioners, a majority of whom may be probably of the Brittish Nation, payment is to be made out of the Treasury of the United States; by which means a vast addition will undoubtedly be made to the public Debt, which is thus to be encreased at the will of a sett of commissioners, a majority of whom may feel anxious for our political destruction.
          And though this extraordinary concession is made for the supposed infraction of the Treaty of 1783 on the part of America, not the least notice is taken, nor is any compensation provided for the damages sustained by our citizens in being deprived of their Negroes & other property carried off by the Brittish Army, in direct violation of the 7th Article of the said Treaty, tho’ this infraction must have preceded any infraction on the part of America; & thus in this stipulation there is not even the appearance of reciprocity preserved.
          4thly Because in the 17th & some succeeding Articles there is a shameful & most pernicious dereliction of the principle of free ships making free goods, a principle which has been acceded to by many of the powers of Europe, a principle most advantageous to the United States, & which has been carefully attended to in her Treaties with the other Powers of Europe. These Articles we consider as most shameful & pernicious, in as much as they appear calculated to depress the commercial &

agricultural interests of these States, and at the same time operate most cruelly against that gallant people who so generously & effectually afforded us their powerful support, when the armies & fleets of Great Brittain had a near prospect of completing our Subjugation.
          5thly Because there is no redress given for former injuries, nor even a stipulation to prevent a repetition of those injuries in future, to a most useful & meritorious class of our fellow citizens, the Seamen, who have been frequently & wantonly seized, when engaged in their laborious occupation, & torn from their families & dearest connexions, & compelled to serve on board Brittish Ships of war, to assist in plundering their country-men & in endeavouring to enslave a Nation who formerly contributed so much to give freedom to this Country.
          6thly Because the whole Treaty in all its aspects appears to be entirely calculated for the aggrandizement of great Brittain, & the extension of her commerce, to the destruction of American prosperity, & eventually her independence, & to the Abolition of that connection with France which has been formerly so advantageous, & which the members of this meeting still conceive will best conduce to our wealth & population, & to the preservation of the republican form of Government which we yet profess to hold most dear.
          Resolved, therefore, that the members of this meeting are induced by their feelings towards France, which her former magnanimous & essential services to America, & her present arduous struggles have excited by their fears of the numerous evils that would result from a connection so unequal & so close with great Brittain; and by their anxious wishes to preserve unimpaired that temple of liberty & independence which has been reared at such an expense of Blood & treasure, to disapprove the Treaty; and being ardently solicitous that it may not become the Supreme Law of the Land, they take leave to request of the President to with hold his signature therefrom.
          Resolved that Stephens Thompson Mason has proved himself worthy the confidence of the people, because he remembered and respected the power from which he derived his authority and that the thanks of this meeting are due to him & the virtuous nine who voted with him against the ratification of the proposed Treaty.

          Resolved that the Secretary take some speedy mode of conveying to the President & Public the foregoing resolutions as containing the opinions & feelings of this meeting, in hopes that their sentiments being added to the general voice of the people of these states, may contribute to prevent the ratification of the proposed Treaty.

            Jno. Finney ChairmanWm Meriwether Secry


Title: From George Washington to William Pearce, 28 August 1795
From: Washington, George
To: Pearce, William

            Mr Pearce,
            Philadelphia 28th Augt 1795

          The enclosed letter for Miss Betcy Custis relates to a matter, respecting which, I have made some enquiry in her behalf— Put it into her own hands, if she is at Mount Vernon—and as she might wish, perhaps, to revolve the subject a little, before she communicates the contents to any oth⟨ers⟩ give it to her when she is alo⟨ne⟩⟨mutilated⟩ letter also, which only serves to cover it. I am Your friend

            Go: Washington

            P.S. I shall write to you again at the usual time—viz.—by Mondays Post.


Title: Address from Columbia County, Ga., Citizens, 29 August 1795
From: Citizens of Columbia County, Georgia
To:

            Georgia Columbia County August 29th 1795.

          Pursuant to public notice given; a number of Citizens convened at the Court House in order to take under consideration a treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation between the united States and Great Britain, agreed on at London on the 19th day of November 1794 by John Jay and Lord Grenville.
          Colonel Jesse Sanders was unanimously, chosen Chareman and Edm. B. Jenkins Secry, and the Said treaty was Read and duly considered where upon it was—
          Resolved unanimously. That it is the inherent Right of every free Citizen to convene with his fellow Citizens; and calmly deliberate upon all Acts, and Measures of Government that affect their liberty, Rights, or Interest, to go fully into a disquesition thereof, and for the information of Government, freely to express theire sentiments on the Subject.
          That it is a duty they owe to their Country, and to posterity, to exercise every constitutional power, and to make every legal exertion to prevent at the earliest period the least infringment of their invaluable right and prevelidges.
          Impressed with these principles WE the people of columbia after the most deliberate investigation of the Said treaty; view its contents with the deepest Concern.
          Because we conceive its operation would manifestly infringe many of our inherent, and Constitutional rights, and would Surrender Natural advantages and preveleges, without an Equevilent.
          Because its operation would evidently contravene the intention of treaties now Subsisting between the United States and the Republic of France, and would tend to aid the exertions of tyrants, and oppressors, against the cause of liberty, and the Natural Rights of Man, and might enterrupt that harmony, and friendship, which ought to Subsist, between the Republic of France, and the United States of America.
          Because we believe, the political interest of the united States, at this time forbids a connection with the politics, and interests of Great Britain.
          In Virtue therefore, of those Rights which we inheret as freem⟨e⟩n, and in discharge of these duties, which we owe to

Society as Citizens, We Solemnly declare, that we consider the Said treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navagation, with Great Britain, incompatible with the interest, prosperity, and dignity of America; and repugnant to the Safety, happiness and Honor of the united republic.
          Ordered that these our Sentiments be published; and that the chareman be requested, With out delay to transmit a copy thereof to the presedent of the United States.

            Signed.    Jesse Sanders, Chairman
            CertifiedEdm. B. JenkinsSecy


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Johnson, 29 August 1795
From: Johnson, Thomas
To: Washington, George

            My dear Sir.
            Frederick [Md.] Saturday 29 Augt 1795

          I have just received your Letters of the 24th & 26th and feel real Concern that my Circumstances will not permit me to fill the important Office you propose to me.
          I am far from being out of Humor with the World on my

own Account; it has done me more than Justice in estimating my Abilities and more Justice than common in conjecturing my Motives—I feel nothing of Fear either in hazarding again the little Reputation I may have acquired for I am not conscious of having sought or despised Applause: But, without Affectation, I do not think I could do Credit to the Office of Secretary; I cannot persuade myself that I possess the necessary Qualifications for it and I am sure I am too old to expect Improvement—my Strength declines and So too probably will my mental powers soon—my views in this world have been some Time bounded chiefly to my Children, they yet for a little while may have me to lean on, being constantly with them adds to their Happiness and makes my chief Comfort.
          I send your Letter to Genl Pinkney to the Post Office with this as you eventually desired.
          Most sincerely wishing you less Alloy in the Returns of this world and the fulness of Joy in the next I remain with Truth Your affectionate and most obedt Servt

            Th. Johnson


Title: From George Washington to William Pearce, 30 August 1795
From: Washington, George
To: Pearce, William

            Mr Pearce,
            Philadelphia 30th Augt 1795

          I have written to you so fully of late, that little remains to be said in this letter, beyond the acknowledgment of yours of the 23d instant.
          I shall however add, that late as it is to be, in a manner, beginning to Sow wheat, I would rather have it delayed still longer than to be sowed in ground that is too wet; or in other respects unfit for its reception. No seed will ever yield well when put in in bad order; or too much out of season.
          This reminds me of the necessity there is for sowing, without delay, the lot by the Spring, where Potatoes are growing, with Lucern. Prepare the ground well, and do not spare Seed (trying the goodness of it beforehand). Admitting that the Potatoes are not yet got to their full growth, it is better, notwithstanding, that they should suffer, than the Grass (by late sowing) from which permanent advantages are expected should be injured.
          The Ploughs made by Isaac must be badly executed, or vastly abused at the Farms, from the continual employment he has in making them. A sett of Ploughs, made & taken care of as they ought to be, cannot, surely want replacing as often as mine are, by the Carpenters report; especially as there are so few stumps & stones in any of my arable fields. The Overseers ought to be attentive to this matter. If they had the making, or paying for the making, themselves, there wd not be this demand for them I apprehend—and it is no good reason why they should be constantly calling for them, because they are done within myself.
          I hope from the character given of Mr Neale, that no disappointment wil⟨l⟩ follow—but if the mode of communicating with

him was not direct & certain you had better not rest it upon a single letter. I wish you well, and am Your friend

            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from William Pearce, 30 August 1795
From: Pearce, William
To: Washington, George

          Letter not found: from William Pearce, 30 Aug. 1795. On 6 Sept., GW wrote Pearce, “ I was glad to find by your letter of the 30th of August, and the reports of the preceeding week.”


Title: To George Washington from Barrell & Servanté, 31 August 1795
From: Barrell & Servanté
To: Washington, George

            sir
            London 31 August 1795

          We have presumed to address this Circular to your Excellency as a Specimen of one of our recent Operrations We are forwarding the same to every part of Europe And as the great Object of our offices and the manifest tendency of all our Proceedings are to promote the prosperity of the United States We assure ourselves they will meet your approbation, and are therefore encouraged to Solicit the honour of your Countenance. We are with the highest respect sir Your most Obedt hume Servants

            Barrell & Servanté


Title: To George Washington from Felix Frestel, 31 August 1795
From: Frestel, Felix
To: Washington, George

            Monsieur
            Boston 31 aoust 1795.

          Je sçais depuis long-temps que les malheurs de monsieur de la fayette et de sa famille ne vous sont ni inconnus, ni étrangers. je sçais depuis long-temps aussi, que dès le commencement de Son étrange et douloureuse captivité, son prémier vœu fut que son fils se rendît près de vous, et que l’Amérique devînt pour lui une nouvelle Patrie.
          d’insurmontables obstacles ont empêché depuis trois ans cet infortuné jeune-homme de suivre à cet égard l’intention formelle de son pere, et le desir particulier de Son propre cœur. mais la Providence, qui ne l’a point abandonné dans sa détresse; qui, jusqu’à ce jour, a conservé la vie de son pere dans les fers des ennemis de la France; et qui a Sauvé sa mere et ses Sœurs au milieu même des massacres, dont notre malheureuse Patrie a été depuis si long-temps le déplorable théatre, vient enfin de lui accorder le bonheur d’arriver sain et sauf en Amérique.
          l’amitié dont son pere et sa mere m’honorent depuis dix ans, et ma tendresse particulière pour cet intéressant jeune-homme m’ont conduit ici moi-même, quelque temps après lui, pour servir de guide à sa jeunesse.
          C’est à ce seul titre, et cependant avec une extrême confiance que je m’adresse à Vous, Monsieur, comme à son second pere, quoique je n’aye pas encore l’honneur d’être connu de vous, pour vous demander, en vous informant de Son arrivée, si vous trouverez bon que je vous le conduise, et pour vous prier de m’indiquer le lieu et le temps qui vous conviendront davantage.
          dès mon arrivée à Boston, mon projet étoit de me rendre aussitôt avec lui près de vous, pour vous donner sur sa famille et sur sa position personnelle, quelques détails qui ne sont guéres connus que de moi, et qui sûrement ne seront point étrangers au tendre intérêt, dont Vous honorez ce qui le touche.
          Mais j’ai trouvé ici des chaleurs si excessives, la température du climat si élévée, et l’air si différent de celui que nous venions de quitter, que j’ai craint, par un changement trop brusque, de nuire à Sa Santé, altérée déjà par de longs malheurs, et fatiguée encore des inconvéniens ordinaires de la mer.
          Je craindrois cependant de manquer à un de nos premiers

devoirs, si je tardois plus long-temps à vous faire connoître son arrivée, et sa vive impatience de se rendre auprès de vous.
          mon jeune ami est en ce moment avec moi à Boston dans la maison de Monsieur Joseph Russell trésoriér de la ville, et de Monsieur Isaac Winslow, qui chaque jour le comblent de bontés.
          quelques raisons de délicatesse que nous soumettrons à votre décision, et dont vous serez vous même l’arbitre et le juge, l’ont engagé à rester jusqu’à présent sous une espèce de voile. il n’est guéres connu dans la maison même, que sous le nom de Motier; et dans la ville, seulement de quelques anciens amis de Son pere, sous celui de lafayette.
          comme je ne sçais pas quel caractère de publicité, vous jugerez convenable de donner à vos bontés à son égard, dans les circonstances particulieres où nous nous trouvons encore; et que d’ailleurs nous sommes trop peu avancés l’un et l’autre dans la connoissance de la langue qu’on parle en Amérique, pour oser en faire usage en vous consultant sur le parti que nous devons prendre; nous nous sommes adressés au Général Knox, comme à la personne le plus á portée de préjuger d’ici ce qui peut vous convenir davantage: et c’est d’après son avis que nous prenons la liberté de vous écrire cette fois dans la langue qui nous est la plus familière.
          Avant donc de nous rendre ensemble près de vous, Monsieur; nous ne prendrons aucune détermination, que nous n’ayions eu connoissance de vos intentions particulieres, afin de nous y conformer; et nous attendrons que vous ayiez eu la bonté de nous faire savoir quelle marche vous desirez que nous suivions l’un et l’autre. J’ai l’honneur d’être, avec un profond respect, Monsieur, Votre très-humble et très-obéissant Serviteur,

            Felix frestel


Title: From George Washington to John Jay, 31 August 1795
From: Washington, George
To: Jay, John

            (Private)
            My dear Sir,
            Philadelphia 31st Augt 1795.

          You will have learnt from the public Gazettes, and through other more authentic channels, that all that rested with me to do to give ratification to the treaty between this country and Great Britain is already accomplished. Mr Pinckney’s absence from the Court of London; the information, and aids it was expected he would derive from Mr Shorts presence, and acquaintance with matters at that of Madrid; the pecuniary situation of our affairs in Holland, requiring the attentions of Mr Adams in that country; and the little knowledge we had of the character and qualifications of Mr Deas have occosanied no little embarrassment in this business. However, a mode is adopted, which I hope will be effectual.
          It has not been among the smallest of these embarrassments that the domineering spirit of Great Britain should revive, just at this crisis—and the outrageous & insulting conduct of some of her Officers should combine therewith to play into the hands of the discontented—& sour the minds of those who are friends to peace, order, & friendship with all the world.
          But this by the bye.
          The object of this letter is, to pray you to aid me with hints relative to those points which you conceive to be fit subjects for the further friendly negociations on the W.I. trade with G. Britain, agreeably to the recommendation of the Senate; and which appears to have been in contemplation by the concluding part of the Treaty signed by yourself and Lord Grenville.
          I intended to have asked this favor of you at an earlier day,

but a coincidence of unexpected circumstances has involved me in so much business, & perplexity, that it has been delayed from time to time (since my arrival in this city) until the present moment—But as nothing is now asked that you have not, I am sure, revolved over & over again during your negociation—and since the decision of the Senate thereupon I persuade myself it will require but little time for the digest I ask; and which I beg to receive as soon as you can make it convenient to give it to me: circumstances rendering it necessary for me to leave this place—if possible—on Monday next for Virginia, in order to bring back my family; but instructions for the new Negociator must be prepared before I go. With very great esteem & regard I remain—My dear Sir Your Affecte & Obedt Servt

            Go: Washington

            P.S. Be so good as to send the letter herewith enclosed, to Colo. Hamilton.


Title: To George Washington from John Marshall, 31 August 1795
From: Marshall, John
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Richmond [Va.] Augt 31st 1795

          I had the honor of receiving a few minutes past your letter of the 26th inst.
          While the business I have undertaken to complete in Richmond, forbids me to change my situation tho for one infinitely more eligible, permit me Sir to express my sincere acknowledgements for the offer your letter contains, & the real pride & gratification I feel at the favorable opinion it indicates.
          I respect too highly the offices of the present government of the United States to permit it to be suspected that I have declind one of them. I remain sir with the most respectful esteem & attachment Your Obedt Servt

            John Marshall


Title: To George Washington from Edward Newenham, 31 August 1795
From: Newenham, Edward
To: Washington, George

            My Dear Sir—
            Dublin [Ireland] 31st August 1795

          I congratulate you & all your Virtuous Fellow-citizens on the conclusion of the Treaty, which is equaly honourable, & advantageous to both Nations; yet Some Evil disposed Persons, in England & here, find fault with it; in their writings & in their Coffee

house conversation; they Assert, that our Ministry have yielded too much to America, & they have dared to insinuate, that the Ministry were bribed, by your Country, to agree to it—their Abuse of Mr Pitt is in all their Publications on that Account.
          This Letter will be personaly presented to your Excellency by Isaac Weld Esqr., Son of an old & truly respectable Friend of Mine, now in a high Department in the Irish Revenu; This young Gentleman, of an Amiable Character & Virtuous Character, is ⟨going⟩ a Tour of pleasure & Curiosity to Visit your Happy Country; his father & Grandfather were warm friends to the Liberties of America, & of the most Independent Spirit—they always supported my Election for the County of Dublin.
          As his Buisiness is to See the Country & be acquainted with it, I entreat your favouring him with Directions how to proceed, & to honor him with Letters to Charlestown, Baltimore & Boston; I shall give him some to Jersey & New Yorke—I am truly anxious for his Welfare, & hope his reception & Tour may prove agreeable to him.
          As this Letter will be delivrd into your Excellency’s hand by Mr Weld, I can Safely write my Sentiments—which is, to Inform your Excellency, that very little reliance is to be given to the Reports Spread (by some who have left this Kingdom) in respect to the state & Temper of the People; In all Countries, there are discontented Persons, without Land or Property, those persons wished to have got both, by rendering this Country a Scene of Civil War; but they have been compleatly foild.
          Believe me, My Dear Sir, there are very few Friends to real Liberty in this Country, that wish to Change or alter the Constitution except in respect to some moderate mode of more Equal Representation; which would have been obtaind long Since, but for the Conduct of the Irish Men of Terror; those Men would sow Dissentions in any Country, in hopes of Plunder.
          This day I am to have my Youngest Daughter married to a Man, fully approved of by all parties; this is my fifth Daughter married & I have 3 Sons married.
          That your Excellency may long Enjoy your Health (& which at this Awfull moment is of such Importance to the Happiness of the 17 States) is my constant Prayer.
          Lady Newenham desires her respects to you & Mrs

Washington. I have the Honor, to be, with true Esteam My Dear Sir your most obt & faithfull Hble Sert

            Edward Newenham


Title: To George Washington from Robert Lewis, 1 September 1795
From: Lewis, Robert
To: Washington, George

            Honored Uncle,
            Mount Vernon Septr 1st 1795.

          I received your favor dated the 27th July, which laid in the office at Fredericksburg a fortnight or three weeks (my Mother being from home, on a visit to my Sister in Culpepper) before it came to hand.
          I have made no purchases of your Leases in consequence of the great rise in the prices of land and produce. I also thought you had limitted me to too distant a day (as the first of September which is to day) in making the purchases and should have advised you to the contrary; but it was impossible for me to anticipate the extravagant rise in Lands and all articles of consumption.
          I have deposited in the hands of my Aunt £475:10:2 and inclosed you will see the rent-roll for the last year. I will thank you after deducting the amount of the rents from the above sum you will place the balance to my credit on the Rental for 1793 sent to you at Philadelphia. I hope ere you return to the seat of Government from Mount Vernon, I shall be able to pay up all

arrearage money due from Mr Muse, as I got judgment at August Court against the Sheriff, who has kept me out of the money so long, notwithstanding the strictest vigilence and watchings of my Lawyer and self.
          I have never had one lott in the County of Berkley offered to me for less than £450, where there is 200 Acres. Smaller lots can be had in the same proportion. Fifty pounds per annum may be had for the largest lotts, and from £25 to thirty for the smaller one’s.
          By ejectments, threats &c. I shall be able to remove two or three tenants this fall. Two in Frederick, whose lotts I have bargained for conditionally with other persons, at £35:0:0 per ann:, for the term of ten years, and only wait for your approbation to ratify the agreement. The persons who have agreed to take them are both industrious farmers and always have money at command; therefore I shall never have to call more than once for the rent.
          Mrs Lewis and my cousin Harriott Washington accompanied me here. They both desire their respectfull regards may be offered. I am Your Affectionate Nephew

            Robt Lewis


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 1 September 1795
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

            Septr 1. 1795.

          The Secretary of War respectfully lays before the president four draughts of answers to the popular meetings. Of three there are duplicates; Mr Wolcott having formed draughts varying from those of the Secy of War. His reason is mentioned in the inclosed note. The President will choose the forms which shall best correspond with his own ideas.


Title: To George Washington from John Parke, 2 September 1795
From: Parke, John
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            London 2d Septr 1795

          I have many years contemplated the happiness a Residence some where in the United States would afford me I am now become anxious to realize a situation in Kentucky or Western Territory contiguous to Navagation and free from any depredations of the Indians & the Land to be first rate but my hopes nearly vanish when I consider the improbability of being able to provide in such way for myself and family because I am not a man of property beyond what the Furniture of my House would produce on being sold and an Income of £300 ⅌ Annum arising from the office of Landing Waiter in the Customs here which I would Cheerfully relinquish to embrace any thing likely to afford a Peaceful retreat and the necessaries of life I am fifty two years of age active and fear not to encounter such difficulties as perseverance and Industry can overcome.
          My Family consists of a Wife two Children, a Sister and an old female servant who has been in my service upwards of nineteen years I have read in Filson & Imlays Topographical description of the Western Territory that an honest industrious man may have stock and land on Credit Permit me to inform you that your Brother Mr Richard Washington many years ago a Merchant of this City but of whom I have not heard a very long time lodged in Cheapside at the Miss Stovins when I did and that at the time he went from hence to Bermuda and when there was indebted to them £242.16.10 which with the Interest of £291.12.0 to the conclusion of the present year forms a total of £534.8.10 Miss Joan Caroline Stovin died in 1770 Miss Mary Stovin I married and who has bee⟨n⟩ dead rather more then fourteen years The above sum of £⟨242.16.10⟩ was a considerable part of the effects belonging to them which by marriage became mine a copy of the Register of such marriage I herein enclose as also an affidavit to the above sums but nevertheless I have presumed to do this I

have no claim on you whatever. I have merely taken the liberty to mention this matter to which I could add many other losses much more important which I have sustaind as Circumstances wch render ⟨me⟩ incapable of making a Purchase and that in consideration of such Misfortunes and a General good Charector certified to you (if required) by the American Ambassador or Consul resident here in consequence of Testimonials to them that your liberal Heart may compassionate so far as to render me such services as you may be pleased in obtaining a residence where my family may benifit from their & my assiduity.
          If the Interest was correctly calculated from the different dates in the Acco[un]t it would amount to considerably more than 291.12.0 I have only calculated it from the begining of the year 71 to 95 inclusive.
          Mr Joseph Brown late of this City but now of Islington has known me many years and would upon application furnish his Testimony in my behalf I presume Sir you may recolect him in some degree.
          He drew the Petition which was carried from this City to the Commons House of Parliament the day their Vote put an end to Hostilities with the United States and at whos House the late Doctor Price the late Mr President Lawrence and Mr David Hartley had their first Interview.
          I wrote to your Excellency considerably more then a Year ago by the Brothers Capt. Smith who was taken by a French ship of war therefore conclude that letter to be lost. Any Answer which you may be pleased to Honor me with may be directed for me at Mr Hamiltons Surgeon Aldermanbury London who has two Brothers at Alexandria who probably may be known to you I am most Respectfully Sir Your Mo. Obdt Servt

            J. Parke


Title: To George Washington from John Jay, 3 September 1795
From: Jay, John
To: Washington, George

          private

            Dear Sir
            New York 3d Septr 1795

          I have been honored with yours of the 31 of last month.
          the article in the Treaty to which you allude vizt the last was proposed by me to Lord Grenville, because it seemed probable that when the Treaty should for some time have gone into operation, Defects might become manifest, and further arrangements become desireable which had not occurred to either of us. because no plan of an article relative to Impressments, which we could devise, was so free from Objections, as to meet with mutual approbation; and because the Lord Chancellors proposed article, relative to alienism & other interesting objects, was of such magnitude, that I did not think any Stipulations respecting them should be ventured, untill after that article had recieved the most mature Consideration of our Government.
          I think that in endeavouring to obtain a new modification of the 12 article, an Extension of the Tonnage from 70 to 100 Tons should be attempted; for altho this was strenuously pressed before, yet I can see no Inconvenience in repeating it by way of Experiment—not insisting on it as an ultimatum. In my opinion it would also be expedient that the new article should specify the particular Commodities which our vessels shall be permitted to carry from the united States to the british Islands and import from the latter into the former.
          as to the Impresment of Seamen, the forming of any very satisfactory arrangement on that Head will I fear continue to prove an arduous Task. in my opinion Great Britain should at present agree not to take any Seamen from our vessels on the ocean, or in her Colonial ports, on account of the Injuries thence resulting to our navigation—It would be difficult to support a Position, that she ought to agree not to seek for and take her own Seamen

on board of any merchant vessels in the ports of Great Britain or Ireland.
          In the India, or 13 article, “It is expressly agreed that the vessels of the united States shall not carry any of the articles exported by them from the said british Territories to any port or place except to some port or place in america, where the same shall be unladen.” I would propose that after the word America, be added, or to some foreign port or place in asia. There is indeed nothing in the article as it now stands which restrains the India Company’s Government from continuing to permit our vessels to carry Cargoes from India to China—but it would be better if possible to establish this as a Right by express agreement.
          For my own part I regard the present moment as unfavorable for Negociations with Great Britain. Altho she has Reason, not only to approve but to admire the Conduct of our Government; yet while it appears doubtful to her, whether the Sentiments and Disposition of the great Body of our people are pacific and friendly or otherwise, it seems natural to suppose it will be her Policy to be reserved. to multiply Engagements with and Facilities to us, under such Circumstances might be ascribed to her apprehensions; and as her Govermt will doubtless percieve this Risque, I suspect they will be strongly inclined to avoid it.
          Besides, I should doubt the policy of introducing into the negociation at present, either so many or such Propositions as may defer the ultimate Ratification so late, as to prevent orders to evacuate the posts by the 1 June next from being sent in due Season. the commercial part of the Treaty may be terminated at the Expiration of two Years after the War; and in the mean time a State of Things more auspicious to negociation will probably arrive—especially if the next Session of Congress should not interpose new obstacles. god bless you my Dear Sir—believe me to be with perfect Respect Esteem & attachmt your obliged & affte Servt

            John Jay


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 3 September 1795
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

            Sept. 3. 1795.

          The Secretary of War begs leave to lay before the President a letter of the first instant from Mr Seagrove; by which it would seem impracticable to hold the Georgia treaty till next Spring.
          The Secretary will wait on the President at Noon with some papers for his consideration.


Title: To George Washington from “A Republican,” 3 September 1795
From: “A Republican”
To: Washington, George

          3 Sept. 1795. Writes that no act of the British since GW “engaged in politics” has received more reprobation by Americans than the recent treaty, because “it respects the entire surrender of this country into the hands of our inveterate enemies the British,” and because of the secrecy surrounding it. The objects of John Jay’s mission appear “opposite to what he has accomplished in his Treaty.” No one thought it possible the president “would justify his conduct.” GW had declared he “meant to give ‘solemnity’” to Jay’s mission and “intended to vindicate the Rights of the People.” GW either committed an error in his proclamation, or Jay violated his instructions.

          If GW acted in a “precipitate” manner when he claimed to guarantee U.S. neutrality on the “modern law of nations,” and too quickly declared that he had sent Jay “to vindicate with firmness the rights of the United States”; if he must “retreat,” then “We, the People,” desire to know why the president has changed his mind.
          Americans fought for their rights but can see little difference in who sacrifices them—“Lord North, or Judge Jay.” The people desire to respect GW concerning the treaty, “but the liberties of America have been purchased at too dear a rate to be lost without a constitutional struggle for their maintenance.”


Title: To George Washington from Gustavus Scott, c.3 September 1795
From: Scott, Gustavus
To: Washington, George

          Letter not found: from Gustavus Scott, c.3 Sept. 1795. On 3 Sept., William Deakins, Jr., wrote GW: “The Commissioners by this days post will inform you their Situation.” On 14 Sept., GW wrote Robert Morris: “The letter herewith enclosed from Mr Scott (one of the Commissioners of the Fedl City) was met by me on my way to George Town with another from Colo. Deakins to the same effect.”


Title: To George Washington from John Jay, 4 September 1795
From: Jay, John
To: Washington, George

          private

            Dear Sir
            New York 4 Sep. 1795

          Since mine to you of Yesterday I have occasionally turned my Thoughts to the Subject of it.
          I presume that the Treaty is ratified agreable to the advice of the Senate—and that if Great Britain consents to the Suspension of the 12 art: (which I believe will be the Case) the Treaty will thereupon be ratified on her part and become final. of Consequence that the modification contemplated of the 12 art: together with every other additional Engagement which it may be judged useful to negociate, will be a posterior work; and the new articles as they shall be agreed upon will from Time to Time be added to the Treaty.
          under this view of the Business I find that my Letter requires Explanation.
          I take it that the Treaty will first be ratified by Great Britain, and put out of Question, before any new propositions be offered or even mentioned; so that no new Matter may be introduced that could afford occasion for, or invite Hesitation or Delay.
          That being dispatched, the Question which presents itself is what new Propositions will it be adviseable to bring forward into negociation? on this point I see no Reason to change the Sentiments expressed in my Letter.
          on reading the Lord Chancellors article (a Copy of which was transmitted with my Letter to Mr Randolph of 19 Novr last) you

will find that a part of it, which respects the mutual admission of Evidence &c. is of considerable Importance, and is calculated, in the Language of the last article “to facilitate Intercourse & obviate Difficulties.” would it not be well to submit this article to the Consideration of the attorney General and some of the Judges before any Instructions on the Subject Matter of it, are given to our negociators.
          while I was in London I heard Lord St Helens who had been at Madrid in a public Character speake most handsomely of Mr Short—I am enduced to mention this in order to counteract the Effect of some uncivil things which have been written respecting that Gentleman from Madrid. with perfect Respect Esteem and Attachmt I am Dear Sir your obliged & affte Servt

            John Jay


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 4 September 1795
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

            Sept. 4. 1795.

          The Secretary of War respectfully lays before the President of the United States the letters proposed to be sent to Governor

Fenner, with the letter to Mr Moore & the revocation of his exequatur—to Mr Bond & Mr Adet? A letter to our minister at London, with copies of the papers exhibiting a complete view of this affair, is preparing.


Title: To George Washington from David Ford, 5 September 1795
From: Ford, David
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Philadelphia Septr 5th 1795

          Having been Inform’d some time since that Mr DeSaussure’s Acceptance of the Office of Director of the mint, was Conditional & depended on the Concurrence of his friends in Carolina, I took measures to procure the documents necessary to Support an application to be brought forward as soon as possible after his determination should be made.
          Understanding that he has resolved to resign, I do myself the Honor of Stating to you, that I am willing to Undertake the Duties of that Office, should I be favored with Your Confidence.
          Enclosed I beg leave to submit the testimonials upon which I have ventured to take this step.
          Permit me to add that if any person deemed better qualified should Offer himself, & meet Your preference, I shall chearfully acquiesce in the propriety of Your Judgment. With great Respect I have the Honor To Remain Sir your Most Obt sert

            Davd Ford


Title: To George Washington from “One of the People,” 5 September 1795
From: “One of the People”
To: Washington, George

          5 Sept. 1795. He is GW’s friend, and the president might regard the writer in a better light if he reflects “on those who by timely information saved your life … from a party of Indians lying in ambuscade as you were about to pass through a certain defile” in Botetourt County.
          GW is well aware of “the haughty pride, deception, and tyranny of Britain.” Perhaps GW thought he knew John Jay, but did not realize “he was a cool, contemplative, insinuating, artful, evasive, and sophistical disputant.”
          Since the war between Great Britain and France began, “American commerce, merchants, sailors, and ships, have been injured, insulted, plundered, imprisoned, piratically treated, and condemned by bribed privateering judges.” These actions have occurred “in such a manner, and without address … that we are conspicuous to the whole world for … a want of security and political intrepdity.” An “honest man” could have taken advantage of the British fear that France would invade England or Ireland to “make an equitable and just treaty.” But Jay returned to the United States with a “disgraceful” treaty.
          When the Senate saw the document, “the members were astonished. The friends of America declared it a spurious birth, and illegitimate production.” But “modern court craft” took place, and Senate members who had voted for Jay’s appointment to England also voted to ratify the treaty.
          It now rests with GW “to save or ruin our country.” The people adopted the U.S. Constitution and “are the source from which every just authority flows.” GW is “their chief, greatly respected,

and most confidential servant.” Towns throughout the nation have sent addresses to the president with requests that he not ratify the treaty. The writer believes GW remains unaware of the way Jay bartered away American privileges. But if the president relies on his own judgment, the United States will retain its independence.


Title: From George Washington to James Ross, 5 September 1795
From: Washington, George
To: Ross, James

            Dear Sir,
            Philadelphia 5th Sep. 1795

          You will perceive by the letter of Mr Chas Morgan, enclosed, that the prospect of getting my business out of the hands of Colo. Cannon, in an amicable manner, is neither near, nor promising.
          This man’s candour, punctuality and truth, are violated to a shameful degree. When he was in this city during the trial of the Insurgents, I sent for him with intention to remonstrate against his improper treatment of me; but his apparent concern for it, and strong assurances that he would, the moment he got home, send all my land papers to you, and present an exact statement of the rents due to me, & from whom, to Mr Morgan, that I was disarmd.
          I hope he will be prevented from getting the money due on the judgment Bonds of Shreve, into his hands; and if you have an opportunity of communicating with Morgan, to desire him to forewarn the tenants from making payments to Cannon. Any representation to the latter, on the impropriety of his conduct, would, I am persuaded, be unavailing; otherwise I would request this favor from you also. If nothing short of compulsory means will bring him to a settlement, I must, however reluctantly, resort to them—but would avoid it if possible. With very great esteem and regard I am—Dear Sir Your Obedt Hble Servt

            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to William Pearce, 6 September 1795
From: Washington, George
To: Pearce, William

            Mr Pearce,
            Philadelphia 6th Septr 1795

          I was glad to find by your letter of the 30th of August, and the reports of the preceeding week, that you had recommenced seeding, ⟨w⟩ith more favorable weather. If the latter should continue good, and the ground can be put in tolerable order, all the Wheat, sowed by the middle of this month will be in the ground in good Season; and if the Autumn is favorable, any time before the end of it, may answer very well. I fear however, if what is called Davy’s field, at Dogue run, was too wet to sow after the Plough, it must have been too wet also for the latter; for such land as mine, when plowed wet, always bakes hard.
          As I expect to set out in two or three days for Mount Vernon I shall add no more in this letter than that I wish you well and am your friend.

            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to George Cabot, 7 September 1795
From: Washington, George
To: Cabot, George

          (Private & confidential)

            Dear Sir,
            Philadelphia 7th Septr 1795

          The enclosed letters (which after reading, be so good as to return to me) will be the best appology I can offer for the liberty I am about to take & for the trouble, if you comply with my request—it must necessarily give.
          To express all the sensibility wch has been excited in my breast by the receipt of young Fayettes letter—from the recollection of his fathers merits, services and sufferings—from my friendship for him—and from my wishes to become a friend & father to his Son; are unnecessary. Let me in a few words, declare that I will be his friend; but the manner of becomg so considering the obnoxious light in which his father is viewed by the French government, and my own situation, as the Executive of the U. States, requires more time to consider in all its relations—than I can bestow on it at present—the letters not having been in my hands more than an hour, and I myself on the point of setting out for Virginia to fetch my family back whom I left there about the first of August.
          The mode which, at the first view, strikes me as the most eligable to answer his purposes & to save appear[ance] is, 1. to administer all the consolation to young Gentleman that he can derive from the most unequivocal assurances of my standing in the place of and becoming to him, a Father—friend—protector— and supporter. but 2dly for prudential motives, as they may relate to himself; his mother and friends, whom he has left behind; and to my official character it would be best not to make these sentiments public; of course, that it would be ineligable, that he should come to the Seat of the genl government where all the foreign characters (particularly that of his own nation) are residents, until it is seen what opinions will be excited by his arrival; especially too as I shall be necessarily absent five or Six weeks from it, on business, in several places—3. considering how important it is to avoid idleness & dissipation; to improve his mind; and to give him all the advantages which education can bestow; my opinion, and my advice to him is, (if he is qualified for admission) that he should enter as a student at the University in Cambridge altho’ it shd be for a short time only. The

expence of which, as also of every other mean for his support, I will pay; and now do authorise you, my dear Sir, to draw upon me accordingly; and if it is in any degree necessary, or desired that Mr Frestel his Tutor should accompany him to the University, in that character; any arrangements which you shall make for the purpose—and any expence thereby incurred for the same, shall be born by me in like manner.
          One thing more, and I will conclude: Let me pray you my dear Sir to impress upon young Fayette’s mind, and indeed upon that of his tutors, that the reasons why I do not urge him to come to me, have been frankly related—& that their prudence must appreciate them with caution—My friendship for his father so far from being diminishd has encreased in the ratio of his misfortunes—and my inclination to serve the Son will be evidenced by my conduct reasons wch will readily occur to you, & wch can easily be explained to him will acct for my not acknowledging the receipt of his—or Mr Frestel’s Letter. With sincere esteem & regard I am—Dear Sir Your Obedt & obliged

            Go: Washington

            P.S. You will perceive that Lafayette has taken the name of Motier. Whether it is best he should retain it and aim at perfect concealment—or not, depends upon a better Knowledge of circumstances than I am possessed of, and therefore I leave this matter to your own judgment after a consultation with the parties.


Title: To George Washington from Kentucky Citizens, 7 September 1795
From: Citizens of Kentucky
To: Washington, George

            [Lexington, Ky., 7 Sept. 1795]

          At a meeting of sundry Citizens of Kentuckey held at the Presbyterian meeting House in the Town of Lexington by adjournment the 7th day of September 1795. Rowland Thomas was appointed Clerk And John Campbell chairman.
          The committee appointed at the last meeting to prepare an address to the president of the United States, expressive of our sentiments on the Treaty proposed Between the United States and the King of Great Brittain, reported as follows:

              To the President of the United States
              Sir

            A solicitude for the welfare of our Country actuates us, in following the example of those of our fellow Citizens, who have submitted to you, their sentiments on the Treaty proposed between the United States & the King of Great Brittain. We need not appologize for addressing you on a subject which so deeply involves our interests and feelings. We have a firm reliance on your Wisdom and patriotism, but we can never cherish, that high and unlimitted Confidence, which can have no foundation, but the persuasion of human infallibility, Highly estimating the advantages of a Republican Government, We dread the Idea of its being endangered by improper Connections. And whilst we esteem it the duty of a Patriot to comply with the laws of his country. We esteem it likewise his duty to protest against the Adoption of measures, which he fears will prove pernicious. In the present instance we are anxiously expecting to hear of a suspension of the negotiation for establishing the Treaty proposed by the British Minister in conjunction with our late Ambassador extraordinary. We trouble you not with a general detail of our objections. they are such as have echoed from every part of the Union. The local Interests of Western America seem indeed to be peculiarly affected by this Treaty. Western America is insulted with a repetition of that Article of the Treaty of Peace, which guaranties to the contracting parties, the free navigation of the River Missisippie. An article which before the cession of Florida to Spain promised mutual advantages, but which at the present moment hath no meaning but what is favourable to the King of Great Brittain. It might have been expected, that upon the renewal of this Article,

his Britannic Majesty, after having abdicated the right, & the power of performing the Contract on his part, would have assured the United States of his mediation with the King of Spain, to remove the difficulties with which we are embarrassed; but instead of this, the Treaty (by conceding to the British Government, not only the unrestrained navigation of a River on which they have not a foot of territory, but the free use of all the ports & places belonging to the United States) affords the strongest encouragement to that Government, to carry on partial & clandestine negotiations at Madrid, in Order to secure for ever a Monopoly of the trade of the Western Waters. The provision of the second article securing to settlers & Traders within the precincts or jurisdictions of the posts, after they are surrendered, the right of continuing to reside within the boundry line, on the American Soil, and to remain subjects to the King of Great Brittain, is a measure we conceive, calculated to preserve to the British Government that influence amongst the Indians, to which we attribute the commencement and continuance of the Indian War; and we apprehend will in its effects, deprive us of the advantages contemplated in the late Treaty with the Indian tribes. Connecting these objections which as inhabitants of the Western Country we conceived it our duty thus briefly to state with many others which have been made by associations of our fellow Citizens in different quarters of the Union, We cannot forbear expressing our decided dis-approbation of the Treaty—A reliance on the Wisdom and patriotism of our Executive, induces us to hope, that an expression, of the wishes of his fellow Citizens, will have its due weight on his mind, whilst forming his Opinion on this important occasion. We therefore express our hopes and wishes, that by disapproving the Proposed treaty, You will give the People an additional proof of your attachment to their interests, and vigilent care over their prosperity and happiness.
            Which was agreed to unanimously and Ordered to be forwarded.

              John Campbell ChairmanTeste Rowland Thomas Clerk


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 7 September 1795
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

            Sept. 7. 95.

          The Secretary of War respectfully informs the President, that if Mr Wolcott has completed the information he undertook to

obtain relative to Spanish commerce, there will be nothing to prevent the President’s commencing his journey to-morrow. For it is found impracticable to prepare instructions for further negociations with G. Britain, the instructions & correspondence of Mr Jay being voluminous, & the subjects too important to be hurried.
          The Secy of War will see Mr Wolcott, & further advise the President immediately.


Title: To George Washington from Clarke County, Ky., Citizens, 8 September 1795
From: Citizens of Clarke County, Kentucky
To: Washington, George

            [8 Sept. 1795]

          The Petition and Remonstrance of the free Citizens of Clarke county (State of Kentucky) with deference, but with freedom and firmness,
          MANIFESTETH:
          That the late treaty concluded on at London with his Britannic majesty, by John Jay envoy extraordinary from the United States of America; is inimical to the rights, liberties, and dearest privileges of the citizens of the latter—in as much, as it cedes to Great Britain certain immunities and advantages, which no one nation upon earth has a right to demand of another, emancipated from its yoke. The specification of these, would be arrogance in us; we refer it to yourself—But we ask: Has haughty Albion a right to withhold from us some of our most invaluable possessions and property, without making an indemnification? And then to add insult to injury, by her perfidious promises of future reparation? The indignancy of resentment for the loss of her American Colonies, has not yet cooled in her bosom. A series of conduct conspicuously pernicious to the interest of united America, has uniformly marked her councils, since the termination of the late war. And should you, sir, concur with the Senate in the signature of that treaty, our prognostication is, that western America is gone forever—lost to the union, and grasped by the voracious clutches of the insatiable and iniquitous George the third of Britain.—We, sir, would struggle, even in our expiring moments, to ward of[f] so horrid an evil: yet we are terribly apprehensive, that the finesse, duplicity and intrigue of that satanically industrious government, will finally prevail.— The treaty likewise contravenes our compact with France: Is not gratitude due to her? Shall we discard our obligations to that

nation? The mind of every man not rendered callous to the ties of human engagements, must recoil at the very idea. The bosom congealed by schemes of private pecuniary speculations, may prefer an union with Great Britain: But the virtuous and patriotic citizens of America (who, we trust in Heaven still compose a majority among us) cannot so easily forget their old friends and magnanimous allies, as not most fervently to deprecate the final ratification of our late treaty with his Britannic majesty.—You have saved us once at the head of the military; pray save us now at the head of the civil authority. The annals of history present us with few examples of an opportunity being offered to an illustrious patriot, of twice rescuing his country from impending ruin, and the jaws of tyranny and despotism—should you do it, sir, you will be doubly glorious! twice immortal! The existence of brass and marble shall be a fading flower, a mere gaudy tulip, a mist that shall evaporate by the force of every gentle gale that may intervene; when compared to the durability of your name.
          Adieu, august sir, and may God inspire you with the disposition to comply with the request of your petitioners.


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 8 September 1795
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Department of State Septemr 8. 1795.

          I find, unfortunately, that the duplicates and triplicates of the setts of letters of credence to the British King were made out by one of the clerks, laid in his Desk and overlooked. I hope they will reach you at Baltimore, and that it will be convenient for you to sign, and return them in Friday’s mail. With the greatest respect I remain Sir, your ob. serv.

            Timothy Pickering.