Title: Dumas to the American Commissioners, 3 April 1778
From: Dumas, Charles-Guillaume-Frédéric
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

Messieurs,
La haie 3 Avril 1778.
Ce que vous venez de voir, vous apprendra ce que j’ai fait à Amst[erdam] et que je n’ai point à regretter la peine du voyage. J’ai été de retour ici mardi avant Mr. Van B[ercke]l. Avanthier matin je l’allai voir. Il me dit, qu’après que nous eumes diné ensemble, dimanche passé, il avoit assisté ce jour-là, et le lendemain, à deux délibérations, où l’on étoit convenu, de la maniere la plus sérieuse, de ne consentir à rien qui pût détourner la rep[ublique] de la plus exacte neutralité; et que je pouvois hardiment vous en assurer, Messieurs. Je lui ai dit que cela étoit fort bon; mais que pour l’amour de sa république-même, il falloit penser à n’être pas des derniers à profiter de l’amitié et du commerce des Etats Unis; qu’elle avoit à craindre de voir bien des branches passer, des compagnies et des Maisons se former et s’établir, non seulement dans les Ports de France, mais aussi dans ceux, plus voisins d’elle, d’Ostende, Anvers, Embden, etc. Cette idée a fait impression sur lui, comme aussi sur les Marchands d’Amsterdam, à qui je l’ai fait valoir pareillement. Il m’a cependant prié de ne pas le presser là-dessus présentement, et avant que le point de l’augmentation des forces soit décidé, afin de laisser à la république toute la tranquillité nécessaire pour cette décision, et ôter tout prétexte, fondé ou non fondé, au parti Anglois de crier. Au reste, comme cette affaire se décidera incessamment, cela ne doit pas vous empêcher, Messieurs, de m’écrire comme vous jugerez convenable, pour me faire agir ici en conséquence de ma derniere Lettre du 27.
Le plus simple, le plus convenable, et à tous égards le meilleur sera, Messieurs, de m’adresser une Lettre de votre part à Mr. le Grand Pensionnaire, pour donner amicalement connoissance à LL. HH. PP. [Leurs Hautes Puissances], au nom des XIII. Etats Unis, de leur Traité d’Amitié et de Commerce avec la France, et des bonnes dispositions des Etats-Unis à l’égard de cette Répubique ici. Mr. De Berkenrode l’Ambassadeur de cette rep[ublique] à Paris, passe pour être trop partial en faveur des Anglois, pour se servir de son canal, comme vous avez fait ci-devant. Ce seroit fournir au Parti Anglois l’occasion de concerter la maniere de communiquer la chose à la République, et celle de dicter la réponse de celle-ci. Je pourrai remettre une telle Lettre en mains propres à Mr. le Grand-Pensionnaire, après en avoir donné connoissance à Mr. Van Berkel le Pensionnaire d’Amsterdam, et consulté avec lui. Cette démarche directe est la plus digne de la part des Etats. Elle est très à sa place, et même nécessaire après la Déclaration de la France. Le grand F[acteu]r, à qui j’en ai parlé, l’approuve beaucoup, et elle viendra fort à propos présentement, au milieu de ce qui se passe ici. Permettez donc, Messieurs, que je vous presse, pour le bien des affaires, de l’effectuer au plutôt dans les termes simples et généraux que je viens d’énoncer.
Je viens de voir Mr. Van B[ercke]l. L’affaire de l’augmentation des forces n’a pas encore été agitée dans l’assemblée des Etats de la Province. Mais Messieurs d’Amsterdam ont prévenu le Prince St[adholde]r en particulier, qu’ils ne consentiront point à celle de terre: déclaration qui n’a nullement été agréable. Du reste je sais que le Prince aura pourtant avec le temps ce qu’il desire, mais quand ce ne sera point à la faction Angloise qu’il pourra croire en être redevable, et NB. quand préalablement les Etats auront résolu positivement la plus parfaite neutralité. Ceci vous explique, Messieurs, ce que je vous dis plus haut, de l’à-propos de la démarche que je vous propose ci-dessus. Tout le monde s’attend ici à une telle démarche de votre part; tous l’attendent en tremblant: les bons, par un peu de pusillanimité pour les suites; les méchants, comme un coup de foudre qui achevera de les déconcerter ici. C’est donc le vrai temps de la lancer. J’attends de fermer la présente, que la Poste de France soit arrivée. Chaque jour le Grand F[acteu]r me demande si je n’ai pas de vos Lettres: comme aussi de celles de Berlin, que je lui communique, comme à vous, et dont il fait grand cas. J’en ai reçu deux d’Angleterre sous mon couvert: l’une à Mr. Mr. Stuart, au soin de Mr. Lee, sans ajouter de nom de Baptême: l’autre Mr. Mr. Thomas Waters, Hague. Je les garde toutes les deux jusqu’à nouvel ordre. J’en ai donné avis aujourdhui à Mr. Wm. Lee à Francfort, à l’adresse qu’il me prescrit là dans sa Lettre de Paris du 25 Mars. Je suis, Messieurs, avec tout le zele, la fidélité, et le respect que vous me connoissez, Messieurs, Votre très humble et très obéissant serviteur
D
Paris à l’hon. Comn. Plen. de l’Am. unie.La haie 3e. Avril 1778.

  J’espere, Messieurs, que l’importance de la présente m’attirera la faveur d’une prompte réponse.

Addressed: à l’Honorable Commission / Plénipotentiaire des Etats-Unis / de l’Amérique Septentrionale / Paris.
Notation: Dumas


Title: Matthew Ridley to the American Commissioners, 3 April 1778
From: Ridley, Matthew
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

Honorable Sirs
April the 3d: 1778
The Bearer of this is Mr. Ebenezer Platt; with whose sufferings in the cause of America you are not unacquainted. He has lately got released from his confinement in consequence of a Petition from the Committee for American Prisoners. Mr. Platt is desirous of returning to his Country; and every mode but the one through France being stop’d I have taken the liberty of giving him a Letter to you; not doubting you will find him an Object of consideration and that you will do all in your Power, to further his design.
Mr. Platt since his release is married to a Daughter of Mrs. Wrights, who goes with him And who I believe is not unknown to Dr. Franklin.
I hope you will excuse the Freedom I have taken and believe me Honorable Sirs Your most Obedient and most humble Servant
Mattw: Ridley

Addressed: To / The Honorable Commissioners / of the United States of America / Paris


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Arthur Lee, 3 April 1778
From: Lee, Arthur
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir,
Challiot April 3d. 1778.
Mr. Grand has informd me, that Mr. Williams continues drawing upon him, tho he has receivd no Order to answer his Draughts, and I believe has no funds in his hands at present. As this is an irregularity I have thought proper to advise you of it. For myself having never been informd or consulted about the Orders that have been given to Mr. Williams to fulfil; I am incapable of judging what propriety there is in his drawing upon our Banker; but I am sure the latter ought not to pay any draughts out of the public funds without our Orders. I have the honor to be with great respect Sir your most Obedient Servant
Arthur Lee

P.S. I apprehend you have forgot to write to Mr. Ross as you intended relative to his sending the Invoice and Copies of the Bills of Loading for the Goods he shippd on public Account. I mention this because it seems to me absolutely necessary that we shoud have them.
The Honble Benjn Franklin

Notation: Ar. Lee to BF. Ap. 3. 1778.


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Ralph Izard, 4 April 1778
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Izard, Ralph

Sir,
Passy April 4th. 1778.
If I continue well and nothing extraordinary happens to prevent it, you shall have the Letter you so earnestly desire sometime next week. I am Sir Your most obedient humble Servant
(Signed) B. Franklin
Honble Mr. Izard.(Copy)


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Arthur Lee, 4 April[?] 1778
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Lee, Arthur

Sir,
Passy, April 4[?]. 1778
Mr. Deane communicated to me his Intention of setting out for America immediately as a Secret, which he desired I would mention to no body. I comply’d with his Request. If he did not think fit to communicate it to you also; It is from him you should demand his Reasons.
This Court has an undoubted Right to send as Ministers who it pleases and where it pleases without advising with us, or desiring our Approbation. The Measure of sending Mr. Gerard, as a Minister to Congress, was resolv’d on without consulting me, but I think it a wise one; and if I did not, I do not conceive that I have any right to find fault with it. France was not consulted when we were sent here. Your angry Charge therefore of our “making a Party Business of it” is groundless; we had no Hand in the Business; And as we neither “acted nor advis’d” in it, which you suppose, your other high sounding Charge of our doing thereby violence to the Authority that constituted us, and a great Injury and Injustice to you, is equally without Foundation. As to the concealing it from you, Reasons were given by Mr. Deane, that appear’d to me satisfactory, and founded entirely on Views of Publick Good. I promise to communicate them to you hereafter, if you desire it, that you may have an Opportunity of refuting them if you can. At present it is not proper.
Your third Paragraph therefore, containing a particular Account of what pass’d between you and me at my House on Monday, seems not to require any Answer. I am still of the same Opinion, that after having sent the Treaties themselves by different good Conveyances, in which Treaties our Publick Character was acknowledg’d in the most authentic Manner, and the Avowal of the Transaction by the French Ambassador to the King of England, which was in all the Papers of Europe, the sending a Vessel express to carry the News of paying our Respects to Court, which was likewise in the Papers, was an Expensive and altogether unnecessary Operation.
I receiv’d your Letter directed to Mr. Deane and myself relating to the Accounts. I had no Opportunity of showing it to him till the Evening of his Departure, and then he was too much in a Hurry to peruse it. I could not therefore sooner answer it. But I then wrote an Answer acquainting you that he had put into my hands the Public Papers with all the Information he could give relating to the Accounts. It was intended to be transcrib’d fairly and sent you in the Morning. Your Secretary call’d for an Answer before I had time to copy it. I had a good deal of Company; and thinking a verbal Message might perhaps do as well and save the Trouble, I desired him with my Compliments to acquaint you that I was ready to settle the Account with you at any time you should think fit to appoint, except the morrow, when I should be otherwise engag’d. As this verbal Message offended you, tho’ I cannot conceive why, I now send you the Letter. In it I complain of your artful and I think I may call them unjust Insinuations. You give me fresh Instances in the Letter I am answering. You magnify your Zeal to have the Publick Accounts settled, and insinuate that Mr. Deane and I prevented it, he by “taking Possession of all the Vouchers,” and both of us by taking constantly the Publick Papers to ourselves, which are the Property of all the Commissioners. When this comes to be read in the Committee, for whom it seems to be calculated rather than for me who know the Circumstances, what can they understand by it, but that you are the only careful honest Man of the three, and that we have some Knavish Reasons for keeping the Accounts in the Dark, and you from seeing the Vouchers? But The Truth is, the Papers naturally came into Mr. Deane’s Hands and mine, first as he was engag’d in the Purchasing of Goods for the Congress before either you or I came into France, next as somebody must keep the Papers, and you were either on long Journeys to Spain, to Vienna, and Berlin, or had a Commission to go and reside in Spain, which it was expected would soon be executed; Mr. Deane and I liv’d almost constantly in the same House either at Paris or Passy, you separate from us, and we did most of the Business. Where then could the Papers [be] so properly placed as with us, who had daily Occasion to make Use of them? I never knew that you desired to have the Keeping of them. You never were refus’d a Paper or the Copy of a Paper that you desired. Why then these Reflections?
As to my not acquainting you with the Opportunity of Writing to Congress by Mr. Deane, we had lately wrote and sent by probably safe Conveyances all I knew of Importance to write. I therefore did not propose, nor write any Letter to the Committee by him, especially as in my Opinion, considering the Route he was to take, he would not arrive so soon as other Vessels who may sail long after him, and he could himself give as good an Account of our being at Court, the only Publick Transaction since our last Letters, as we could write.
You ask me, Why I act so inconsistent with my Duty to the Publick? This is a heavy Charge, Sir, which I have not deserved. But it is to the Publick I am accountable and not to you. I have been a Servant to many Publicks, thro’ a long Life; have serv’d them with Fidelity, and have been honour’d by their Approbation: There is not a single Instance of my ever being accus’d before of acting contrary to their Interest or my Duty. I shall account to the Congress when call’d upon for this my terrible Offence of being silent to you about Mr. Deane’s and M. Gerard’s Departure. And I have no doubt of their Equity in acquitting me.
It is true that I have omitted answering some of our [your] Letters, particularly your angry ones, in which you with very magisterial Airs school’d and documented me, as if I had been one of your Domestics. I saw in the strongest Light the Importance of our living in a decent Civility towards each other while our great Affairs were depending here. I saw your jealous, suspicious, malignant and quarrelsome Temper, which was daily manifesting itself against Mr. Deane, and almost every other Person you had any Concern with; I therefore pass’d your Affronts in Silence; did not answer but burnt your angry Letters, and received you when I next saw you with the same Civility as if you had never wrote them; Perhaps I may still pursue the same Conduct, and not send you these. I believe I shall not unless exceedingly press’d by you, for of all things I hate Altercation.
One Word more about the Accounts. You tell me, that my Reason for not settling the Accounts before, was, that it was not my Business; now it seem’d my Business only, and Mr. Deane had nothing to do with it. Both these Positions are imaginary. I [interlined: could] never gave any such Reason, being always willing to settle Accounts with every body, and not having the least Motive to delay or postpone the Settlement of these; nor could it seem that I should say Mr. Deane had nothing to do with it. He had done what he could towards it; and being actually gone, could do no more. The Infinity of Business we have had is the true and only Reason that I know of why they have not been settled, that is, why we did not meet, sit down and compare the Vouchers with the Articles in the Banker’s Account, in order to see that his Charges were supported, and that he had given us due Credit for the Monies we had put into his Hands. This I apprehend is all we have to do here. It is to the Congress we are separately to account for the separate Drafts we have made on him. This Mr. Deane can do when he arrives, having taken a Copy of the Account with him. If you think we should account to one another for our Expences: I have no Objection tho’ I never expected it. I believe they will be found very moderate. I am sure mine will, having had only the Necessaries of Life, and purchas’d nothing besides except the Encyclopedia, nor sent a Sixpence worth of any thing to my Friends or Family in America.

Notation: BF. to A. Lee April 3. 1778.


Title: John Bondfield to the American Commissioners, 4 April 1778
From: Bondfield, John
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

Honored Sirs
Bordeaux 4 April 1778
I have the honor to inform you of the Arrival of the Honble. John Adams Esqr. per the Boston Captain Tucker from Boston. He setts off to day for Paris and will be in Town soon after the receipt of this.
The Boston is in want of a general Careen. I shall take Captain Tuckers instruction supplying him with every thing he may be in want of and shall have the Vessel ready for what Service your Honors will see fitting with all possible dispatch.
By the last Post we receivd Letters from Brest, Nantes and Bilboa giving us advices of different arrivals at these Ports. They brought us the agreable information of many Vessels from this Port being Arriv’d in different Ports of America particularly at No. Carolina to which Province upwards of thirty sail are on the Seas, Arrived or taken. There will sail from this Port in the Course of ten Days many Vessels for the United States with Salt Dry Goods &c.
Would the Government of France publickly make known News at a fixt time a Convoy would attend to take the Ships destin’d for No. America it would put in Action many Capital Adventures, and greatly decrease the premium which at this Day from their high rate is next to a prohibition being equal to an advance of three Capitals for One. With due respect I am Your Honors Most Obedient Servant
John Bondfield DCA
Saturday 12 O Clock the Honble John Adams is just set off for Paris.Paris The Honble. Benj Franklin Silas Deane Arthur Lee Esqrs.

Addressed: To the Honble. Benj Franklin, Silas / Dean & Arthur Lee Esqrs / Commissioners from Congress / at / Paris
Notation by John Adams: Mr Bondfield 4 Ap. 1778


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from William Alexander, 4 April 1778
From: Alexander, William
To: Franklin, Benjamin

My Dear Sir,
Saturday Morning, April 4, 1778.
Upon a night’s reflection it is thought right that you be possessed of the inclosed, to be afterwards returned without taking copy in case no business be done. Will you let me know by the bearer if we are to see you in town to day, and when, that I may be at hand?


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Guy-Claude, Comte de Sarsfield, 4 April 1778
From: Sarsfield, Guy-Claude, comte de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Samedi 4 avril 1778
M de Sarsfield fait bien des complimens a Monsieur franklin et le prie de ne pas oublier qu’il luy a fait esperer que si M. Adams arrive avant mercredi il l’engageroit a venir diner avec lui chez M. de Sarsfield.
Si monsieur franklin n’a plus besoin du Garma teatro de Espa[sym]a ni de l’histoire romaine de M. Gibbons, il fera plaisir a M. de Sarsfield de les lui rapporter mercredi.
Hotel de Sarsfield

Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur franklin / A Passy


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Arthur Lee, 5 April 1778
From: Lee, Arthur
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir
Challiot April 5th. 1778
Not knowing any thing of the transaction referrd to me; nor whether the Captains have given any order for the payment, I cannot judge whether it is fit to discharge the enclosed Accounts. I have the honor to be Sir Your most Obedient and respectful Servant
Arthur Lee

Addressed: To the / Honble B. Franklin / at / Passi
Notation: Ar Lee to BF. Ap. 5. 1778


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Jonathan Williams, Jr., 5 April 1778
From: Williams, Jonathan Jr.
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear and honored Sir.
Nantes April 5. 1778.
I beg leave to introduce to you my Friend Mr. Hawkins of Carolina, a Gentleman of Honour and Character for whom I have a particular regard. I am ever with the greatest Respect Your dutifull and affectionate Kinsman
Jona Williams J

Addressed: Doctor Franklin / Passy.
Endorsed: Letters answd. or that need no Answr
Notation: Jona. Williams Nantes 5 avril 1778


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Ferdinand Grand, 6 April 1778
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Grand, Rodolphe-Ferdinand

Sir,
Passy, April 6. 1778
I approve of the Bill drawn on you by Mr. Williams for £12018.17.6 on the publick Service. As I know not how much will be wanted by him to compleat his Orders, I cannot name a Sum within which to limit his Credit. It will be a sufficient Check, if from time to time you mention his Drafts to Mr. Lee or my self before you accept them, for our Approbation. I am, very respectfully Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant
B Franklin
Mr Grand

Notation: B.F. to Mr. Grand Ap. 6. 78.


Title: John Bondfield to the American Commissioners, 6 April 1778
From: Bondfield, John
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

Honored Sirs
Bordeaux 6 April 1778
The last Post I had the Honor to advise you of the Arrival of the Honble. John Adams Esq. Since his absence we are diligently employ’d in getting ready the Ship. She goes on the waies to day and will be finisht Friday or Saturday. The Captain and Carpenters assure me there is no risk on her taking the Ground to Carreen otherways should have objected.
I shall attend to the Instructions your Honors may please to give with regard to quantity of Stores if for four or Six Months, which be assured shall be laid in with the greatest Economy and of the best kind. The Mast is Sprung. A survey will be made and if with Safety it may be trusted shall not take it out.
The Admiralty Board not having any instructions to alter their former Conduct with regard to Arm’d Vessels served Captain Tucker with an Act on Account of his not reporting the Vessel as is Usual for Merchant or Private ships of War. The Captain has given his Answers to the board of which Copy Inclosed. On the Bostons Arrival the Captain waited on the Commanding Officer and Saluted the Castle. The Count de feumell made apologies for not returning the Salute not having receiv’d any Instructions from the board of War on that head. The Instructions your honors will give will be duely Observed. Four Vessels having saild from hence since Mr. Adam’s arrival I have given advice by each to the Secret Committee. Letters yesterday from Bilbo brought advise of small vessels Arriving at that Port from Marble head the Letters are of the 10th february consequently no fresh Intelligence. The English Fleet are stil hovering betwixt Cape Ortegal and Cape Finister. Letters yesterday from Spain bring advice of the Arrival of a Packet Boat from Cuba that the Spanish Plate Fleet Arrived all Safe at the Havanah 16 february and may be expected this Month in Europe. I have the Honor to be with due respect Your honors Most Obedient Servant
John Bondfield
The Honble Benj Franklin Silas Dean Arthur Lee Esqrs

Notation: Bondfield John 6. April 1778.


Title: Isaac-Jean-Georges-Jonas Grand to the American Commissioners, [6 April? 1778]
From: Grand, Isaac-Jean-Georges-Jonas
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

Monday two oClock [April 6?, 1778]
Mr. Grand is the more sorry for not having had the honour of seeing yesterday the honourable Mr. Franklin as he was desirous to speak to him of two interesting subjects, the one Mr. Boux nephew who does nothing at Nantes altho’ in the States’ Service. He would be more usefull at Amsterdam as well to forward the Construction of the Indian as to bring her and see that all be right. If the honble. Mr. Franklin is of the same opinion Mr. Grand will give immediate orders to Mr. Boux to repair to Amsterdam. He desires to be paid his salary, Mr. Williams could pay him what’s due. On their apprehensions at Amsterdam of fire being set to the ship, Mr. Grand has wrote there to set four men on board to watch her night and day, and that if this precaution was not sufficient, to get her insured against fire which would Cost about 2000 florins. Prudence seems to require this sacrifice, however Mr. Grand would be glad to have the honble. Mr. Franklin’s approbation on that head.

Addressed in another hand: Monsieur Franklin
Notation: Sir G. Grand Receivd open from Dr. Franklin to answer April 6th. A.L.


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to Silas Deane, 7 April 1778
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Deane, Silas

Dear Sir,
Passy, April 7. 1778
I have had a long and very angry Letter from Mr. Lee, about your going without acquainting him with it, in which his Disorder seems to encrease, for he raves not only against you and me, but seems to resent the Court’s sending a Minister to Congress without advising with him. I bear all his Rebukes with Patience, for the Good of the Service: but it goes a little hard with me.
The Negociator is gone back apparently much chagrin’d at his little Success. I have promis’d him faithfully that since his Propositions could not be accepted they should be buried in Oblivion. I therefore desire earnestly that you would put that Paper immediately in the Fire on the Receipt of this, without taking or suffering to be taken any Copy of it, or communicating its Contents.

Mr. Adams is not yet arriv’d.
My best Wishes attend you. I am ever, with the greatest Esteem, Your most obedient Servant
B Franklin
Hon Silas Deane Esqr

Addressed: To / The honble. Silas Deane Esqr / Toulon
Notation: Benja Franklin Esqr Lettr Paris 7th April 1778 recd. at Toulon


Title: Dumas to the American Commissioners, 7 April 1778
From: Dumas, Charles-Guillaume-Frédéric
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

Messieurs,
La Haie 7e Avril 1778.
La Traduction ci-jointe des dernieres Lettres que j’ai reçues d’Allemagne, peut vous interesser surtout à l’égard de la proposition des canons à vendre. Le grand F[acteu]r m’a paru y faire une attention particuliere. L’extrait de Liege ne doit pas moins vous intéresser, non seulement à cause de l’insigne fripponnerie qu’elle découvre, mais aussi, parce qu’elle nous met au fait du vrai prix des bons fusils pris à la fabrique même, et de la maniere de n’être plus trompés à l’avenir. Je viens de chez le grand F[acteu]r. Il m’a demandé si je vous avois écrit l’ordinaire passé ce dont nous étions convenus, savoir d’une Lettre de votre part, que vous m’adresseriez et que je remettrois à Mr. de Bleiswyk, Grand Pensionaire d’Hollande etc., etc., pour donner connoissance amicalement à LL. GG. PP. les Etats de la Prov. d’Hollande et à LL. HH. PP. les E.G. des PU. du Traité d’amitié et de Commerce conclu au nom de l’Union Américaine, avec la France, et des bonnes dispositions des Etats-Unis à l’égard de cette République. A cela il voudroit encore qu’on ajoutât le desir, provenant des mêmes dispositions, de connoître la conduite qui sera prescrite aux Vaisseaux de la République à l’égard du Pavillon de l’Union Américaine, afin de prévenir toute altercation qui pourroit s’élever là-dessus entre les Vaisseaux de l’un et de l’autre Etat, et conséquemment tout sujet d’offense et de plainte de part et d’autre.
Effectivement il pourra y avoir des rencontres singulieres, et peut-être facheuses, si l’on n’y pourvoit ici au plutôt. Ceci sera donc une maniere indirecte de mettre les grandes matieres sur le tapis: car il est clair que les honneurs rendus au Pavillon équivalent à une reconnoissance expresse, laquelle il est audessous de la Rep. Américaine de demander à celle-ci comme un besoin. Cette Lettre d’ailleurs viendra merveilleusement à propos avec les mouvemens que se donne ici le grand F[acteu]r, pour faire résoudre hautement à la Rep. une parfaite neutralité et impartialité en cas de guerre, tant à l’égard de l’Amérique, qu’à l’égard de la France. Il faut donc profiter du Dilemme où se trouve la république, pour la faire déclarer. Au reste, le grand F[acteu]r ne doit point paroître avoir part à ce que j’ai l’honneur, Messieurs, de vous écrire ici; mais Tempus est agendi. Il ne faut pas donner au parti de vos ennemis le temps de respirer. Ils viennent d’engager le corps des Nobles de la Prov. de [faire?] une démarche, qui est regardée comme prématurée et imprudente, vu les circonstances, savoir à demander qu’on augmente l’armée de quelques régiments. Les Conseillers du Committé sont partis pour leurs villes ad referendum. Ils reviendront Jeudi, et l’on s’attend à la négative. Ce qui sera vraiment une défaite du parti de vos ennemis. La neutralité hautement avouée en sera une autre, plus complete encore, et après cela il y a tout lieu de croire que la ville d’Amsterdam sera plus complaisante par rapport à l’augmentation, quand il ne s’agira plus que de faire plaisir directement à la Cour, qui est aimée, et non de se voir forcé et entraîné par une Cabale, qui ne l’est pas, et qui n’a que trop longtemps dominé dans ce pays, au grand détriment du Commerce. Je suis avec le plus vrai respect, Messieurs, Votre très humble et très obéissant serviteur
D.

P.S. Je viens de recevoir la Lettre dont Mr. A. Lee m’a honoré, en date du 31e Mars. Je vais travailler tout de suite à ce qu’il desire, c’est-à-dire à publier en Hollandois et en François la piece jointe à sa Lettre. Elle ne pourra que faire un bon effet, en ouvrant de plus en plus les yeux ici. Mais que cela n’empêche pas, Messieurs, ni ne retarde la démarche dont vous parle cette Lettre ici, et ma précédente du 3e Avril. Il est temps de frapper des coups plus directs. Le grand exemple que vient de donner la France aux autres nations, vous met à l’aise vis-àvis d’elles. Parlez-leur en face. Elles n’oseront plus biaiser. Surtout achevons la défaite du Parti Anglois ici. J’ai déjà mis les affaires en bon train pour cela. La petite victoire que j’ai remportée personnellement, et dont je vous ai parlé, me donne de justes espérances. Je ne puis en confier davantage au papier.
Paris à l’hon. Commission Plen. des E. U. de l’A. S.

Addressed: à l’honorable Commission / Plénipotentiaire des Etats- / Unis de l’Amérique Septentrio- / nale / Paris.
Endorsed: M. Dumas
Notation: 7 Ap. 78.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Antoine-Louis Brongniart, 7 April 1778
From: Brongniart, Antoine-Louis
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
7 Avril 1778
J’ay l’honneur de vous Prevenir que je ferai Jeudy prochain 9 du present a Onze heures tres precises, des Experiences sur l’Electricité, et sur plusieurs Emmanations Electriques, connues sous le nom d’air fixe etc. etc.; en mon Cabinet Rue et hotel Serpente. Je serais bien flatté que vos occupations vous laissasent assez de Loisir pour suivre plusieurs Malades que nous traitons par le fluide Electrique, et qui avancent singulierement vers leur guerison. Un entre autres a acquis depuis une quinzaine une force etonnante quoique sa Paralysie datte depuis huit ans. Agrées Je vous prie l’homage du profond Respect, avec lequel j’ay l’honneur d’Etre Monsieur Votre tres humble et tres obeissant Serviteur
A.L. Brongniart

Notation: Brongniart, Paris 7 Avril 78


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Comte de Sarsfield, 7 April 1778
From: Sarsfield, Guy-Claude, comte de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Le mardi 7 avril 1778
M. de Sarsfield envoie savoir des nouvelles de Monsieur franklin et Le prier, si cela ne le derange pas, d’avoir la bonté d’arriver chez lui demain a deux heures, deux heures et un quart au plus tard parce que M. Le prince de Tingry a une assez mauvaise santé et se trouve derangé de diner trop tard.

Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur franklin / A Passy


Title: Desegray, Beaugeard fils & Cie. to the American Commissioners, 8 April 1778
From: Desegray, Beaugeard fils & Cie.
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

Most Honourable Gentlemen
St. Maloe’s 8th. April 1778.
If we are Somewhat late in our Congratulations Concerning your Glorious transactions with the French Ministry, We hope you won’t take it amiss; and that you will not doubt of our most sincere Wishes for your welfare and happiness, as also for the Continuation of the Union and good harmony betwixt the United States of America and France.
We have had here of late nothing material about American affairs, which has been the Cause of our silence. An english Privateer has been seen these 2 or 3 days since in our and Grandville’s neighbourhood, but we know there must be some French fregates, lately sent out from brest in search of her and other hostile Vessels.
Here is, Gentlemen, a Copy of a letter wrote to us By our Friend Mr. J. D. Schweighauser of Nantz by which he seems to have been appointed to represent the American Agent in Britany; We’ll be glad to Know if that letter is exactly conform to your orders, as we intend never to act Contrary to them. We begg the Continuance of your Kind dispositions for our House, and to be thought with all sincerity and Greatest Respect Most Honourable Gentlemen Your most Obedient and Very humble Servants
Desegray Beaugeard Junr. & Co.
The Honble: Messrs. Frankelin, Dean & Lee, in Paris

Endorsed: Duseagray Beaugeard & Co abt Mr Schweighauser 8 Ap. 1778.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Silas Deane, 8 April 1778
From: Deane, Silas
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Dear Sir
Aix April 8th 1778
I find that I shall have little Time to spare and can therefore only inform You That We arrived here the 6th. without Accident: Our Freind the Day after and that We hope to go forward in two or three days. The grateful Sense which I retain of the many Civilities shewn Me by Our Freinds at Paris and at Passy, makes me regret my having been obliged to set out without bidding them adieu in person. Permit me therefore to ask you, as you often see them, to make my Apology at a proper Time, for what may otherways appear uncivil in Me. I wish it in particular to the Duc de Rochfocault, To Made. La Duchesse D’Anville, Monsr. Turgot and Mon. Francis. You must excuse my giving You this Trouble as I cannot be willing to have them think Me wanting in that respect which is their due and which I shall ever retain for them.
Accept my Venerable Freind my warmest Thanks for the Freindship, and Confidence You have honored me with from the first of Our Acquaintance and for the honorable Testimony You have given of Me to the Congress. Disagreeable as it is to have Enemies, I must consider it on the whole as the most fortunate Circumstance of my Life, since by their means my Countrymen, and Posterity will know that You were my Freind, and that the part I acted in the important Station I had the honor of being placed in with You had Your Approbation. I can never while I live cease to wish for the happiness and prosperity of my Country, and that Your Life and health may be continued to You for a long Time to come, that You may have the pleasure of seeing, and enjoying the Fruits of Your Labors for Our Common Country. Be pleased to present my Compliments to your Son. I have the honor to remain with the greatest respect and Esteem Dear Sir Your most Obedient and Very humble Servant
S Deane

Addressed: To / The Hone: / Benja Franklin Esqr / at / Passy / near / Paris
Endorsed: Mr. Deane on his going away
Notation: April 8. 78.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Jacques-Dominique de Roberdeau, 8 April 1778
From: Roberdeau, Jacques-Dominique de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir.
Haguenau april 8th. 1778.
Your agreable favour of the 21st feb. past I duly received. The reason of my Silence Was, that gen. roberdeau’s letter, you have been So good as to Send me, has been mislaid, and I could not find it Sooner. Here I send it inclosed according to your desire.
Pray give me leave to use this opportunity for myself, and pay you my compliment on the hapy Success of your magnanimous Endeavours for your dear Country. May you Enjoye a long time the Sublime pleasure your heart must feel in the Knowlegde of being your Self the author of the present and futur happiness of your country and Countrymen. Is there any thing in the World So disirable as to be like you the teacher and friend of mankind? Yes my dear Sir I’d Wish to be master of the first crown in this World, and exchange it for the part you acted in it. With these Sentiments I am Sir your Most Obediant Servant.
J: DE Roberdeaucolonel de cavallerie

Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur Le Docteur franklen / Delegué des Etats Unis de l’amerique / A Passÿ prés de Paris / à Paris
Endorsed: Roberdeau about Du Plessis


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Jonathan Williams, Jr.: Two Letters, 8 April 1778
From: Williams, Jonathan Jr.
To: Franklin, Benjamin

  I.

Dear and honored Sir
Nantes April 8. 1778
I recvd. the inclosed from Capt. Collis who is a prisoner in England, you will see by it an account of his Misfortune and desires of Assistance, which I should be happy to be the Instrument of affording him. It is perhaps needless to tell you that Capt. Collis is the Husband of Jenny Mecom. I also inclose another Letter which by the address I suppose to come from aunt Mecom, if so, or from any other part of your Family, I shall be happy to hear of their Welfare. I hope to see you in a few Weeks. I have been somewhat retarded in my preparations to sett off with my accounts compleat, by a severe Fit of the nervous Headach. I spent great part of the last Week in bed, but am now much better. I am ever Your dutifull and affectionate Kinsman
J Williams J
Dr Franklin.

Endorsed: Answer’d
Notation: Williams Nantes 8. avril 1778.

  II.

Dear and honored Sir.
Nantes April 8 1778
This will be presented to you by my worthy Friends Mr. Geo Readhead of So. Carolina and Mr. Craig of Philadelphia. I have been particularly happy in the acquaintance of these Gentlemen during their Residence here and beg leave to introduce them to you as Men of Sentiment and honour firmly attached to the Cause of their Country. I am ever with great Respect Your dutifull and affectionate Kinsman
Jona Williams J

Addressed: Dr Franklin / Passy.


Title: Petition to the American Commissioners from American Merchant Captains, 9 April 1778
From: American Merchant Captains
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

Nantes April 9th. 1778.
To their Excellencies the Ministers Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the Court of France.
The Memorial of the Captains of the American Merchant Vessells now at Nantes and the neighbouring Ports, Humbly Sheweth.
That your Memorialist apprehend more Danger of Capture by the Enemy on this Coast, than in the whole passage beside.
That as this Kingdom has lately declared that the American Commerce shall be protected, they humbly request the Representatives of their Country to make application to the French Court for such a Convoy off this Coast as they in their Wisdom shall Judge sufficient for their protection.
That they apprehend they will be all ready for Sea by the Fifth Day of May next, and in confidence of obtaining the desired Convoy those of your memorialist that are ready sooner will wait for the others.
Your Memorialists trust that there can be no Impropriety in this application, since exclusive of their Concern for their Safety and that of the People under their Command, the Pressing necessity of their Country for the Articles with which their Vessells are loaded, makes it their Duty as faithfull Subjects of the United States to take every possible method for the Preservation of their Vessells and Cargoes.
Your Memorialists hope for a Compliance with their Request, and as in Duty bound, Will every pray.
Joseph Chapman
Comr. of the Brig Nantes In the service of the Massats. State
John Harris
Comr. of the Snow Penet, In the service of the Massachts. State

Samel Dunn
Comr. of the Brigt Venus, belonging to Boston
Charles Jenkins
Comr. Brig Hawk of Nantucket.
John Nicols
Comr. of the Brig Success belonging to Maryland

Notation: Memorial of American Captns. praying Convoys.


Title: The Eastern Navy Board to the American Commissioners, 9 April 1778
From: Eastern Navy Board
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

Boston April 9. 1778
The Navy Board Eastern department, present their Respects to the Honble: Commissioners at the Court of France, and Inclose them the Gazettes to this date, by the Ship Providence. Other Packages, they have by them for the Honble. Commissioners, they don’t think proper to risque thro’ the dangerous Channel this Ship is obliged to pass.

Notation: Card from the Navy Board 9 Ap. 1778


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Lallemand [Comtesse de Choiseul-Beaupré?] April 9, 1778
From: Choiseul-Beaupré, Marie-Françoise Lallemant de Betz, comtesse de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
Aprill the 9, 1778
Je me suis chargée avec un vraye plaisirs de ce paquét pour vous Reméttre mais par inadvertence j’avais mis le paquet dans une de mes Malle et elles ne sont arivée que d’hiere. Je vous fait Monsieur un millions d’excuse de ce retard. Je méttéz [m’étais] bien promises d’avoir l’honneur de vous Le reméttre moiméme mais je vous avouré naturellement que [je suis] honteuse de n’avoir pu vous le reméttre plustos. C’est ce qui me prive du plaisirs de voire un homme dont Le merite fait L’admirations de toute La france. Je dirés plus L’angletére meme ne peut s’empechér de rendre justice au docteur franklin. Je suis Monsieur en attandant une occations plus favorable pour avoir L’honneur de vous assurer de Mon Respects et suis en attand, Monsieur, Votre tres humble et obeissante servante
Lallemand

Notation: L’allemand 9 April 1778.


Title: The American Commissioners to Vergennes, 10 April 1778: résumé
From: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John
To: Vergennes, Charles Gravier, comte de

<Passy, April 10, 1778: Mr. Adams, appointed by Congress to replace Mr. Deane, has arrived and will wait on you as soon as he recovers from his voyage. He came on a continental frigate, which took a prize with a cargo valued at £70,000. Congress is detaining Gen. Burgoyne and his army for a breach of the convention, and has more than 10,000 prisoners on its hands; the other British troops, short of provisions, are penned in New York and Philadelphia.
Mr. Adams brings the enclosed Congressional resolutions. They will probably discourage the British government from tempting us or Congress with offers of everything short of independence. We have given no encouragement to such overtures, and these resolutions make certain that Congress will not, especially after the treaties are known; Mr. Adams is confident of their immediate ratification.>


Title: John Bondfield to the American Commissioners, 10 April 1778: résumé
From: Bondfield, John
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

<Bordeaux, April 10, 1778: Capt. Tucker hopes to start careening his ship next week and be finished by Easter. He has instructed the ship’s officers to make returns of the stores wanted. The local officers of the farmers general have ordered him to land and declare the tobacco brought by the Boston. I refused to comply, and they agreed to await further instructions; please let me have yours. The underwriters have raised the premiums so high that, without a convoy, the American trade will stop; only the wealthy can afford the risk of failure, and they already have advantageous uses for their capital. I suggest substituting anchors, say twenty or so, for part of the pig iron that Capt. Tucker has taken on as ballast.>


Title: Dumas to the American Commissioners, 10 April 1778
From: Dumas, Charles-Guillaume-Frédéric
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

Messieurs,
La haie 10e Avril 1778
Les conseillers du Committé d’Hollande, après avoir été, par pure formalité, chez eux ad referendum (car on n’a pas même daigné de délibérer de nouveau là-dessus) sont revenus ici: l’augmentation demandée par le Corps des Nobles est refusée tout net. C’étoit le dernier effort du Parti Anglois, la seule lueur d’espérance qu’il avoit encore, de pouvoir engager la République à quelque démarche dont on pût tirer parti pour l’Angleterre. La voilà donc vaincue, cette cabale. J’ai même lieu de croire qu’on commencera déjà, dans l’Assemblée actuelle, à mettre sur le tapis la maniere dont on s’y prendra pour s’approcher insensiblement de l’Amérique. Vous comprenez, Messieurs, que je tiens cela de source. J’ai déjà prévenu Mr. Van B[leiswijk] de la possibilité de quelque ouverture prochaine de votre part; et il n’en a nullement été effrayé. En attendant, je continue de les allarmer avec succès sur la rivalité d’Ostende: ce que le grand F[acteu]r approuve beaucoup. Dort et Harlem sont d’accord avec Amsterdam, qui d’ailleurs suffiroit toute seule, pour dérouter la cabale Angloise. Je sai d’une autre source, également sure, que la province de Zélande a déjà donné ordre à ses Capitaines de Hautbord, de rendre le salut aux Américains. Je sai aussi où va Mr. Deane, avec qui, et comment. Dieu les conduise tous, et les ramene bientôt à bon Port, rebus prospere gestis. J’ai fini la Piece que Mr. A. Lee m’a envoyée; j’y ai ajouté à la fin des preuves historiques. Je vais mettre le tout au net, et le faire imprimer en Hollandois et en François. Je n’ai point de Lettres d’Allemagne. Mais je sais cependant que les hostilités y commenceront avec le mois prochain. Entre nous, il est bon pour la France et pour nous, que les Allemands se prennent par les oreilles. Je suis avec respect, Messieurs, Votre très humble et très obéissant serviteur
D.
Paris à l’hon. Commission Pl. des E.U. de l’Am. S.

Addressed: à l’honorable Commission / Plenipotentiaire des Etats-Unis / de l’Amérique Septentrionale / Paris.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Claud Guillaud, 10 April 1778
From: Guillaud, Claud
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
A Cadiz avril 10me 1778
C’est le desir de servir L’amerique qui m’engage a vous écrire. Avec un tel motif il n’est pas necessaire d’autre appologie: vous êtes notre Ambassadeur voila mes droits; votre zelle pour assurer la liberté de votre pais ne c’est jamais dementi. Le tout puissant touché de nos traveaux, de notres patience, et de nos souffrances, a enfin couronné vos Jours en mettant le comble a nos voeux. L’independence de L’Amerique reconnue nous mets en meme d’etendre nos liaisons et notre commerce.
L’angleterre a changé ses passeports de la mediterannée afin que ceux que nous avions avant cette guerre ne pussent pas nous servir, en sorte que nous sommes exposé a devenir la proye des maures qui souvent sortent le détroit; nous sommes ici a present douze Navires Ameriquains, il nous convient d’aller prés les Côtes de Barbarie parceque les fregattes qui croisent sur les parages sont ordinairement sur le cap St. Vincent. Mais la cruelle alternative d’être fait ésclave; d’eviter Silla pour tomber dans Caribdis est afreuse; mais le mal n’est pas sans remede. Le hazard m’a fait connaitre ici un negotiant français établis depuis longtems a Salé et qui par sa bonne conduite et ses soins a sçu meriter l’estime et l’amittié particuliere de L’Empereur de Maroc et dont il a des marques éclatante; j’ai vu une Lettre que ce Prince lui a écris assurement rien n’est plus flatteur. La perssone en question veut bien se charger de negocier avec L’Empereur et nous faire faire la paix avec lui ce qui nous conviendrait extremement et il se flatte que le succes couronera son entreprise. Pour cest éfets [cet effet] il m’a prie d’en écrire a votre Excellence purement dans le desein de servir les Ameriquains; il vous écris lui meme pour vous méttre au fait plus particulierement de ce qu’il se propose faire; je ne doubte nullement que vous n’étendiez vos soins generallement sur tout ce qui peut tendre a la prosperités et au bonheur de L’amerique, et que si vous voyez ou jugez a propos que la chose puisse avoir lieu vous n’écriviez a cette perssone. Au surplus si on ne reussiçais pas il serais toujour glorieux de l’avoir tempté. Vola Monsieur ce que je crois mon devoir, de ne jamais negliger aucune occasion de servir mon pais; s’il y avait quelque chose d’impropre dans ma demarche je vous pris de n’y voir que mon zelle. Je suis Monsieur avec un très profond respect votre tres Humble et tres obeissant serviteur
Claud Guillaud

N.B. Le Capt. Cunningham est encore ici mais on lui a signifie de sortir mardy prochain. Ce bon office est du a Mr. Hardy le consul qui écrivis son arrivée a L’ambassadeur du Roy George a Madrid.

Notation: Eland Guilland 10 avril 1778


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Abbé Le Clerc de St. Etrain, 10 April 1778
From: Le Clerc de St. Etrain, abbé ——
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
Paris Rüe feydeau chez mr jacob ce 10 avril 1778.
Desirant profiter d’une occasion favorable, Mr. mereau de monneron est parti pour amsterdam avant hier. Il aurait fort souhaité emporter les lettres que vous avés eu la Bonté de luy promettre, je l’ay assuré d’après ce que vous m’avés fait l’honneur de me dire que je les luy enverrais en hollande bien persuadé que vous ne l’oublieriés pas. Ainsy je vous prie, Monsieur, de vouloir m’expedier ces lettres de Recommandation pour les etats unis. Mr. Pallard est egalement à amsterdam, ils attendent l’un et l’autre vos depeches avec le plus grand empressement etant sur leur depart: je vous seray infiniment obligé de me les envoyer. Je suis avec une Respectueuse consideration, Monsieur votre tres humble et tres obeissant serviteur
L’abbé Le Clerc DE ST ETRAIN.

Notation: Le Clerc De st. Etrain Paris 10. avril 1778.


Title: Song for a Brillon Party, [c. 10 April 1778]
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To:

The manuscript is perhaps in Chaumont’s hand, but the author could have been any of the Brillons’ friends or even Madame herself. The date is equally uncertain, and we have only conjecture for the one we assign. The Brillons invited John Adams to a dinner party a day or two after his arrival; it was a large and festive gathering. “Madame Brillon was one of the most beautiful Women in France, a great Mistress of Musick, as were her two little Daughters. . . . Mr. Brillon was a rough kind of Country Squire. His Lady all softness, sweetness and politeness.” His mistress turned out to be among the guests; their hostess consoled herself, Adams was told, with M. Le Veillard. The American was shocked, “but I did not know the World.” The song might well have been composed for this dinner. The words themselves, however give no clue, and Franklin’s notation might apply to any Brillon entertainment.

[c. April 10, 1778?]
1er. air

Le Cheval et son maitre.
Air: Il étoit une fille.

Bien Loin de Cette ville,
un Seigneur Déloyal,
Eut autrefois un Bon Cheval;
Soumis autant qu’utile,
Sur ce point Capital,
Il n’avait point D’Egal.

Au lieu de Reconnoitre
Le service constant
Qu’il en tiroit à chaque Instant;
Voilà qu’un jour, Le maitre,
Parfois un peu Brutal,
Maltraita Son Cheval.

Piqué de l’injustice
Le Cheval se cabra,
Comme, aisément, on le croira.
Un matin, il se glisse
Dans les champs; s’enleva
Laissant son maitre là.

Celui-ci plein de Rage,
Avec ses gens couroit,
Pour voire s’il le Ratraperoit:
Mais L’autre, en son Langage
Lui dit: il n’est plus tems
J’ai pris le mors aux dents.

Le Maitre, dans la Suite,
Eut Beau Le menacer;
Et puis, après, le caresser:
Pour toute Réussite,
Il n’eut qu’un Coup de pié,
Dont il fut estropié.

Cela nous aprend comme
C’est en le traittant mal
qu’on perd souvent Son Bon Cheval.
Ce trait du Gentil-homme,
qu’on a mis en françois,
Est tiré de L’anglois.

Franklin’s notation: Songs made for and sung at the Entertainment given us by M. Brillon


Title: Samuel Tucker to the American Commissioners, 11 April 1778: résumé
From: Tucker, Samuel
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

<On board the Boston, Bordeaux, April 11, 1778: I shall careen my ship next Tuesday, and hope to be soon ready for sea; Mr. Bondfield will expedite matters. You will have sent Capt. Palmes, I hope, before this reaches you. I shall be happy to hear from you.>


Title: Vergennes to the American Commissioners, 11 April 1778
From: Vergennes, Charles Gravier, comte de
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

Versailles Le 11. avril 1778
J’ai recû, Messieurs, La lettre d’hier que vous m’avés fait L’honneur de m’ecrire et l’Extrait de la resolution du Congrès en datte du 22. novembre de l’année derniere que vous aves bien voulu y joindre. Agreés en tous mes remercimens. Je ne suis pas moins sensible Messieurs, a l’attention que vous avés de m’informér de l’arrivée de M. adams Votre nouveau Collegue. Je vous prie de lui en faire mon Compliment. Quelqu’empressement que j’aie de faire Connoissance avec lui, je l’exorte cependant a prendre tout le tems qu’il jugera necessaire pour se remettre des fatigues de son voyage. J’ai l’honneur d’etre avec une tres parfaite Consideration, Messieurs, Votre tres humble et tres obeissant serviteur
De Vergennes
Mrs. francklin et Lée Commissaires des Etats unis de l’amerique.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Le Roy, [11 April 1778]
From: Le Roy, Jean-Baptiste
To: Franklin, Benjamin

De Paris ce Samedy matin [April 11, 1778]
J’ai appris Mon Illustre confrère que M. Adams est arrivé la nuit du Mercredy au Jeudy, au moins à ce que l’on m’a dit, et pour ne pas vous importuner trop tôt j’ai eu la discrétion de ne pas vous envoyer demander les bonnes nouvelles qu’il a apportées mais je ne puis y tenir. Permettez donc que je vous prie de vouloir bien me les mander et que je me recommande pour cela à Monsieur Votre fils. Il ne s’en est de rien fallu que je n’aille faire ma commission moi-même, et vous demander à déjeuner; mais j’ai craint de troubler vos entretiens avec un deputé du congrès si distingué, et qui a sans doute tant de choses à vous dire.
J’ai l’honneur de vous souhaiter bien le bonjour.
Voulez vous bien faire donner a mon domestique la Brochure angloise sur le froid.
Tourner s’il vous plait. [on verso:] Pour le coup vous ne l’echapperez pas mon cher Docteur car surement M. Adams a apporté vos lettres de créance.

Addressed: a Monsieur / Monsieur Franklin deputé du / Congrès des treize etats unis de l’Amérique / septentrionale.


Title: The American Commissioners to Samuel Tucker, 13 April 1778: résumé
From: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John
To: Tucker, Samuel

<Passy, April 13, 1778: We received yours of the 1st and congratulate you on your voyage. As soon as you are ready, and if you can fully man your ship, we suggest that you cruise in distant seas where the crew will have the chance of ample profits and of best serving their country. But we leave the route of your return entirely to you; send to America as many prizes and British prisoners as possible. We recommend Mr. Livingston, if you find no objection, as your first officer.>


Title: John Bondfield to Franklin and Arthur Lee, 14 April 1778
From: Bondfield, John
To: Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur

Honored Sirs
Bordeaux 14 Ap 1778
Capt. Tucker pays unwearied attention to get forward the Ship so that on a Days notice we shall be soon in readiness to obey whatever Commands your Honors will see fitting to give. Her sails Rigging and Stores are all preparing.
There has been no arrivals from the United States on this Coast since my last of the 10th Instant. The present unsettled State creates great Stagnation to Trade The Merchant not daring to adventure from the very heavy Charges attending which in case of reconciliation would ruin the adventurer. We cannot remain long in this present undecided State. There are many Opulent Merchants whose Operations wait suspended until War is declared or Peace is establish’d.
Two hundred Vessels arrived at this Port yesterday under Convoy of Two Frigates. The Trade appear to dread the Jersey and Guernsey Privateers more than all the British Fleet. We have had some Arrivals from the West Indies these two Days Past. They met no British Men of War its therefore apprehended they have alterd their Station. I am most respectfully Your Honors Most Obedient and devoted Servant
John Bondfield
The Honble. Benj Franklin & Arthur Lee Esqrs.

Addressed: The Honble. Benjamin Franklin / and Arthur Lee Esqrs / Commissioners from Congress / at / Paris
Notation: Bondfield John 14 April 1778.


Title: Etienne D’Audibert Caille to the American Commissioners, 14 April 1778
From: Caille, Etienne d’Audibert
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

Messieurs
A Cadiz le 14. Avril 1778.
En qualité de Negociant Français qui a maison de commerce à Salé, et qui souhaite l’occasion de pouvoir donner des preuves de son zéle pour le service des Etats unis de l’Amerique Septentrionale, j’ai l’honneur de vous informer, que le Sieur William Hodge de Philadelphie et le Sieur Guillaud habitant de Charlestown dans la Caroline, m’aiant témoigné que les susdits Etats séroient bien aises d’avoir la paix avec L’Empereur de Maroc, j’offre de la traiter avec le plus grand soin; et que moienant j’y sois autorisé en due forme, j’ai lieu de me flater que je reussirai à la conclurre aux mêmes conditions que plusieurs autres Puissances l’ont faitte avec ce Souverain, pour la seureté des navires qui naviguent sous leur pavillon, pour leur assûrer au besoin un asile dans ses ports, et pour le bien du commerce de leurs sujets. J’espere, Messieurs, que vous ne désapprouverés point ma proposition, fondée sur les circonstances actuelles qui en ont fait naitre l’idée, et sur les facilités que j’ai à la cour du susdit Souverain, qui daigne m’honnorer de ses bonnes graces depuis plusieurs années que je reside dans ses Etats; s’il vous plait m’honnorer de vôtre reponse en conséquence, vous pourrés m’ecrire à droiture icy, où je compte me détenir jusques à la fin du mois prochain, et retourner ensuite à Salé. De quelle façon que vous prenniés, Messieurs, ma proposition, je vous prie qu’elle soit secrête. J’ai l’honneur d’être avec un profond respect, Messieurs, Vôtre très humble et très obeissant serviteur
E D’audibert Caille
MM. Benjamin Franklin, Silas Deane, et Arthur Lée, Députes des Etats unis de L’Amerique Septentrionale

Notation by John Adams: Memoire Mr. D’audibert Caille to be sent to the Emperor of Morocco.


Title: Jonathan Williams, Jr., to the American Commissioners, 14 April 1778
From: Williams, Jonathan Jr.
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

Nantes 14 April 1778.
I have the Pleasure to inform your Excellencies that the Duchesse de Grammont sailed the 7th Instant, and that the Wind has since continued very favourable. The french Sailor who escaped from Prison after being taken in the Lexington appearing to have a just claim for his Wages, I have paid him up to the time of Capture. I am informed that the Congress allows Wages during Imprisonment, I however would not pay this without your permission. I beg you will please to direct me whether to do it or not, as if it is realy due to the man, the credit of the Service should be supported. I have the Honour to be with the greatest Respect Your Excellencies most obedient and most humble Servant
Jona Williams J
Their Excellencies The Ministers Plenipotentiary of the United States

Notations: Jon Williams Nantes 14 Apr 78 / Mr J. Williams Letter 14. April 1778


Title: M. and Mme. Jean-Jacques de Lafreté to Franklin and William Temple Franklin, 14 April 1778
From: Lafreté, Jean-Jacques de,Lafreté, Angélique-Michèle-Rosalie Jogues de Martinville
To: Franklin, Benjamin,Franklin, William Temple

Paris le mardi 14 avril [1778]
Mr. et Mad. De Lafreté ont l’honneur de faire mille complimens à Messieurs Francklin; ils se flattent que ces Messieurs n’ont pas oublié l’engagement qu’ils ont pris, de venir diner avec eux jeudi prochain 16. de ce mois.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Pierre Penet, 14 April 1778
From: Penet, Pierre
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
Paris le 14. avril. 1778.
J’ai l’honneur de vous envoyer cy joint un memoire, que des capitaines americains m’ont remis; je vous serai bien obligé de faire scavoir a Mr. vottre parent Williams, resident a nantes, s’il y a moyen d’obtenir du ministre de la marine ce que demendent ces Capitaines par le dit memoire. Il seroit à desirer que cela put avoir lieu, nos batimens partiroients avec plus de sureté, attendu que les côtes de Bretagne sonts remplies de Batimens anglais et Corsaires de jerse et guernese, qui interceptent tant les navires qui arrivent D’amerique, que ceux que nous y envoyons. J’ai actuellement a nantes deux navires apelé le nante, et le penet lesquels je compte expedier incessament pour compte de l’office de la guerre. Si j’etois certain que ces navires fussent escortée je metrois a Bord des canons de Bronse que j’ai actuellement en magasin.
J’arive dans le moment a paris pour repartir ausitot pour l’allemagne. Je serai de retour pour les premiers jours de maÿ prochain. Je passerai a Basel et à Strasbourg; si vous avez quelques commission je m’en chargerai avec plaisir. La crainte que j’ai est de ne pas vous trouver chez vous, n’ayant q’un moment a rester icÿ me prive du plaisir de vous voir et vous assurer de mon respect avec lequel j’ai l’honneur d’etre Monsieur avec le plus profond respect vottre tres humble et tres obeisant serviteur
P. Penet

Notation: M. Penet. Ap. 14. 78


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from John Reynolds, 14 April 1778: résumé
From: Reynolds, John
To: Franklin, Benjamin

<Hotel St. Louis, Rue Fromenteau near the Palais Royal, Paris, April 14, 1778: When I visited you at Passy on March 27, and mentioned going to Nantes to investigate some American goods that I have the opportunity of bringing into England, you suggested that I write Mr. Williams, who could give me the information and spare me the journey. I did so and now, eighteen days later, have had no answer. I return tomorrow night unless I hear before then.>


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Comte de Sarsfield, 14 [April] 1778
From: Sarsfield, Guy-Claude, comte de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

  Rue pot de fer Le mardi 14 [April, 1778] au soir
Vous vous etes mepris, Monsieur, en me donnant ce matin une resolution du Congrés pour une autre. J’ay l’honneur de vous la renvoyer et vous l’auriez meme recue des cet apres midy sans que J’ay voulu que ma lettre vous trouvât chez vous.
Si vous voulez bien m’envoyer celle que vous me destiniez, ou le congrés a pris des resolutions sur les bruits qui couroient d’un accomodement avec la metropole, je vous en serai infiniment obligé.
Si monsieur Adams veut m’envoyer la lettre qu’il a pour M. Le marquis de Castries, je la lui remettrai sur le champ. Vous connoissez Monsieur les sentiments avec lesquels J’ay l’honneur d’etre Votre tres humble et tres obeissant serviteur.
Sarsfield
Personne n’a vu le papier que J’ay l’honneur de vous renvoyer.M. Franklin a Passy


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Valltravers, 14 April 1778
From: Valltravers, Johann Rodolphe
To: Franklin, Benjamin

  Rockhall, at Bienne, in Switzerland, Ap. 14th. 1778.
  Dear Sir! My truely Venerable, and much respected Patron!
The Joy I feel on the Reception of your kind Favor of March 27th., which has finally reached me this Morning, no Words can express. Your long Silence began to raise in my Mind, dreadfull apprehensions of the Loss of your Excellency’s inestimable old Friendship and Regard; which, being the greatest Comfort, the most valuable Treasure, and most honorable of all my Titles, I would not forfeit, as long as I live. My Fears have been the more allarming, as it has been of late, the Study of my Ennemies, not only to rob me of my Fortune, but even of my Reputation, by the blackest aspersions.
It gives me great Pleasure to find, that all my Letters and Parcells are come safe, and have proved acceptable. I hope my last, of March 28th., by my young Friend Hartmann, an ingenious Painter in Landschapes, has been, by this Time, likewise delivered. Please to accept my best Thanks for the Protection granted to my Letter for Mr. President Lawrence. I much long to hear the Fate of my anterior Letter and answer to my worthy friend Col: Henry Laurence of Charlestown, of Jany. 21t., from Lÿons; As also of my Letter to my Countryman Captn. Minning, of Septr. 26th. from this Place, in favor of his Daughter at Thoune, humbly recommended to Your kind Conveÿance at large, not knowing, which Part of America he now inhabits, having Possessions in most Provinces.
I shall recieve a Copy of your Treaty with France, with Thanks; And if agreable, offer You my observations on the same. I hope, it does not preclude G.B. for ever, from proper Connections with your independent Commonwealth; such as might prove mutually beneficial, and inoffensive to the States in Friendship with You. But, it requires Time, better Policy, and better Treatment on the Side of George III to heal the many bleeding Wounds, inflicted by a wicked Parent, to a dutyfull, affectionnate, blooming and promising Child. May He percieve his Errors at last, and adopt better Councils!
Since both Commonwealths, your and our XIII. united Cantons, are become the faithfull Allies of France, what should hinder us, to form between us both, such a Connection of Amity, of acknowledging and warranting our Independence, of mutual Defense against all Invaders, and of reciprocal good offices, as Might still add to our Security, and avert any sinister Designs of ambitious Neighbours upon our Liberties? I, for my Part, can see no Impediment. On the contrary. If such overtures should be made to our 13. Cantons in General, from your 13. united States, I have my very good Reasons to believe, they would be well recieved, and duly attended to. Let us be united, as two Sister-Republicks, in spite of all arbitrary, invidious, and infesting Ennemies! Let us jointly maintain the Rights of Humanity, legal Liberty, Toleration, and Property secured to honest Industry! Let us enjoy the well earned Blessings of Peace, incourage Arts and Sciences, and be the Asÿlum to its oppressed Votaries! This, my dear Friend, is a noble Task! worthy of your generous Countenance; the fond Wish of my Wellmeaning Heart; and to promote which, You may freely command my most strenuous Labors! Situated, as our little Republicks are, they dare not make the first Step, and offer the first Overtures, for Fear of giving Ombrage, or of disobliging certain powerfull neighbors. But, a first Proposal and sketch of a Plan, once brought before them, thro’ Your Excellency, even by a private Letter to me; it would be a sufficient Foundation, to deliberate upon it, and to bring so wished for a Negociation into Forwardness.
Sure, Your Excellency is joking, in mentioning Poverty as the Lot of Your united States. A Plan, (similar to that I proposed to France, but impracticable under an arbitrary Government, and of which I here inclose the impartial opinion of one of the greatest Merchants of that Kingdom,) would soon render America the richest, most powerfull, and happiest State, ever known on this Globe. This, my dear Sir is another Subject, I have much at Heart; and by which I might deserve well of your Constituents, if at any Time, called for under Your Excellency’s Patronage. Mean while, I am most faithfully devoted Loyal Servant
Rodh. Valltravers

Notation: Vautravers Rodh. April 14. 1778.


Title: Editorial Note on a Charity Appeal, [before 15 April 1778]
From:
To:

Among Franklin’s papers in the American Philosophical Society is a one-page printed invitation to the “Assemblées de Charité,” held at the Grand Châtelet on Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday afternoon of Holy Week, April 15–17, 1778; it was in a packet that Franklin endorsed “Notes and Invitations.” The assembly was a religious service followed by a sermon, and the first preacher was Claude Fauchet. The money collected from the congregation, or sent by well-wishers who could not attend, was for the assistance of poor prisoners and for the release of those jailed because they could not pay for the feeding of their infants. A lady of high station, according to a handwritten note at the end, was in charge of the collection at each service; the comtesse Auguste de la Marck on Wednesday, the marquise de Lafayette on Thursday, and the comtesse de Vauban on Friday.


Title: The American Commissioners to John Bondfield, 15 April 1778: résumé
From: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John
To: Bondfield, John

<Passy, April 15, 1778: Please provide Capt. Tucker with the needed provisions and ask him to be as frugal as possible. We approve the suggestion in your letter of the 10th that pig iron be exchanged for anchors, which are much needed. Ship a chest of medicines and slops for the crew and make sure that the men are properly charged for what they receive.>


Title: The American Commissioners to Samuel Tucker, 15 April 1778
From: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John
To: Tucker, Samuel

Sir
Passy, near Paris Ap. 15. 1778
We this Moment had the Pleasure of your Letter from Bourdeaux of Ap. 11. and approve of your Activity in getting your Ship ready for Sea.

We have this Day dispatched to Captain Palmes your Orders for your future Government, and shall write this Day to Mr. Bondfield to supply you with all necessary Provisions, and are your very humble servants
B FranklinArthur LeeJohn Adams
Captn. Tucker.


Title: Vergennes to the American Commissioners, 15 April 1778: résumé
From: Vergennes, Charles Gravier, comte de
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

<Versailles, April 15, 1778, in French: I return you the document in English and the letter from your friend that you sent me by M. de Sartine. Your correspondent characterizes that document well, impolitic in relation to France and malignly insidious in relation to the United States; the intention of separating you from your friends shows throughout. Congress will surely avoid a trap that would endanger your independence.
I was sorry to be out when you called to give me Mr. Adams’ credentials.>


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from [Marie-Madeleine-Adrienne d’Hallencourt, Marquise de Boulainvilliers], [15 April? 1778]
From: Boulainvilliers, Marie-Madeleine-Adrienne d’Hallencourt Bernard, marquise de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Ce mercredy matin [April 15?, 1778]
Il y a des siecles que les habittants de passy n’ont eu l’honneur de voir Monsieur franklin et madame de boulainvilliers et mademoiselle de passy comptois s’en dedomager en aiant le plaisir d’aller luy demander a dejeuner. Mais l’etat de madame de faudoas qui a ete le plus heureux du Monde les premiers jours nous donne a presant des inquietudes; elle a je crois un épanchement de lait sur la quisse [cuisse] qui la fait infiniment souffrir; tous les Medecins assurent qu’il n’y a pas la moindre crainte a avoir mais les souffrances sont toujours de trop.
Monsieur francklin veut-t-il bien que je luy demande une grace? C’est de lire le papier ci-joint et de me faire dire s’il peut proteger la personne qui l’interesse; et la reponce que je feray de sa part a mon frere qui viendra demain la scavoir; nous sommes tous desollés de n’avoir point le plaisir de voir Monsieur franklin. S’il n’avoit rien a faire demain il deveroient bien faire l’honneur a ses voisins de venir au moins prendre le thé avec eux. Passy meurt de peur que quelque jolie dame ait prit sa place dans la coeur de monsieur franklin; elle l’assure cependant que le sien comme celuy de ses parents est entierement a luy.
Nous n’osons esperer que Monsieur franklin n’ait point d’angagement pour demain diner. Sans cela nous aurions l’honneur de luy en proposer a monsieur son fils et a monsieur Adams.

Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur francklin dèputés des / Etats unis de lamerique / a Passy


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from ——— Le Roy, 15 April 1778: résumé
From: Le Roy, ——
To: Franklin, Benjamin

<Cherbourg, April 15, 1778, in French: If a brave man ever met misfortune he is John Burnell, imprisoned in Plymouth. He has tried to send letters to France, and has finally succeeded in getting the enclosed to me. I have asked M. Dulongprey to fulfil the request in it; he tells me that he has sent all the remaining proceeds from the prize Good Intent to you or M. Carmichael. I demanded the receipt and, with the agreement of the chief royal officer here, M. de Mourier, have decided to write you to determine the truth. (I doubt M. Dulongprey’s word because of his past conduct in the affair.) Poor Burnell needs the money due him and should have it; I therefore beg to know whether it is in Paris or still in Cherbourg. If M. Dulongprey still has it I shall write for Burnell’s power of attorney to get at it. I say nothing about whatever might prevent my letter from getting through. Your judgment will govern my conduct.>


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to a Friend in England, 16 April 1778
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To:

Dear Sir,
Passy, April 16, 1778.
I wish you would assure our friend, that Dr. Franklin never gave any such expectations to Mr. Pultney. On the contrary, he told him that the Commissioners could not succeed in their mission, whether they went to recover the dependance or to divide. His opinion is confirmed by the inclosed resolves, which perhaps it may not be amiss to publish in England. Please to send me the newspaper. Yours affectionately,
B. Franklin


Title: The Committee for Foreign Affairs to the American Commissioners, 16 April 1778: résumé
From: Committee for Foreign Affairs
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

<York, April 16, 1778: Congress today empowered William Bingham to draw on you for a maximum of 100,000 livres, so that he may discharge debts incurred for the United States. He will forward American newspapers with this letter, explain why he should turn to you even though we have goods ready for export, and tell you that we are most anxious for word from you.>


Title: Simeon Deane to the American Commissioners, 16 April 1778: résumé
From: Deane, Simeon
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

<Casco Bay, Falmouth, April 16, 1778: I arrived yesterday on the Sensible and leave today for Congress; my time here is too short to collect news. No word of the fleet that left France in February, or of Capt. Courter from Spain. The chevalier Marigny is worried about British cruisers and anxious to leave as soon as possible. He and his officers have treated me with the greatest civility. From Boston I shall send here, I hope in time to catch the ship, any information of consequence. The spirit of the people is said to be high, and the news I carry will doubtless give great satisfaction. There is a rumor, not yet confirmed, of a revolution in Canada that has delivered Quebec into our hands.>


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Jean-Baptiste Le Roy, 16 April 1778
From: Le Roy, Jean-Baptiste
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Aux Galeries du louvre ce Jeudy 16 avril [1778]
Vous savez mon illustre confrère le jugement des Messrs. De Queissat et qu’il ne leur reste d’autre parti à prendre que de passer dans un service étranger. S’ils sont coupables de trop de vivacité ils ont d’un autre côté la réputation d’être d’excellens officiers et en cette qualité je vois la plupart des meilleurs militaires de ce pays cy s’intéresser beaucoup à leur sort. Vous voyez bien mon illustre confrère où je veux en venir et que c’est pour vous demander du service dans les troupes des treize etats unis de l’Amerique pour eux. On dit que vous marchez pour reprendre le Canada. Ils seroient très bons pour cette Expédition et forts propres à engager des nationaux à prendre parti dans vos troupes et à les discipliner. Enfin s’il y a moyen de faire quelque chose pour eux je vous en serais vraiment très obligé par l’intérêt qu’y prend M. De Caraman que je vous menai diner il y a eu dimanche dernier huit jours. Au reste si ces Messrs. De Queyssat ont eu cette facheuse affaire ici je ne crois pas qu’ils soient tentés d’en avoir une semblable en amerique où on n’a point la sottise d’avoir des nobles ni tous ces petits tyrans des paysans de nos provinces que nous appellons gentilshommes. Chez vous c’est le merite et la vertu seuls qui donnent les distinctions.
J’ai reçu hier une lettre de Mr. Pringle qui me charge de vous dire bien des choses pour lui et qui part pour Bath pour y prendre les eaux pendant un mois ou six semaines pour sa santé ayant toujours un fort mauvais sommeil incommodité qui s’est trouvée encore augmentée depuis sa chute. Il ajoute In better times, I should have thought of a Journey into the Continent this summer, rather than an excursion to Bath, for the re-establishment of my constitution; but till peace is more ascertained, than I see it at present, I must give up all such Schemes. So for Sir John wherein you See his desires to come over. Adieu mon illustre confrère vous savez combien je vous suis attaché par tous les sentimens que vous inspirez et que je vous ai voués pour la vie
Le Roy


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from the Vicomte de Sarsfield, 16 April 1778
From: Sarsfield, Jacques-Hyacinthe, vicomte de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

A Paris le 16. avril 1778
Permettez-moi, Monsieur, de vous demander votre protection et vos bontés en faveur du Sieur Somers fils d’un négociant riche de la ville de Lille, honoré dans cette ville par ses moeurs et par l’honnétete qu’il apporte dans son commerce. Je crois qu’il se propose d’envoyer des effets de commerce en amérique; j’ose vous supplier d’avoir la bonté de lui faire donner a ce sujet les indications qui pourront lui être nécessaires.

Je n’ai point eu l’honneur de vous voir depuis longtemps, parceque j’ai été retenu chez moi par plusieurs accès de fievre; la même cause de dérangement de santé me détermine à aller passer quinze jours à la campagne; je pars aujourdhui pour aller m’établir pendant ce temps au château de Marly où l’on a eu la bonté de me prêter un appartement. Si vous aviez quelques momens de libres, si pendant ces fetes il vous convenait d’aller vous promener a la campagne, je serais trop heureux d’avoir l’honneur de vous recevoir à Marly et de vous y donner à diner. Madame de Sarsfield me charge de vous assurer qu’elle serait tres sensible à cette marque d’amitié. J’ai l’honneur d’être avec le plus sincere et parfait attachement, Monsieur, Votre très humble et très obeissant serviteur
Le Vicomte DE Sarsfield

Notation: Le Vicomte de Sarsfiel. Paris 16 avril 1778.


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to James Jay, 17 April 1778
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Jay, James

Sir,
Passy April 17. 78
I knew before the Receipt of your Letter (to which you request an Answer) that implicit Faith could be no part of your Character; For I remember’d that in January or Feby. 1777, you quarrel’d with all the Commissioners for not engaging two Officers of your Recommending, and would not believe them tho’ they all assur’d you seriously that they had no Authority to engage Officers.

By the above Vote of Congress you will see that they told you the Truth.
You now have again the Civility to acquaint me that you cannot believe what I told you relating to the Impropriety of your following Mr. Deane, unless I offer you convincing Reasons.
I have Faith enough to believe that Reasons could not be drawn from you by such a Behaviour.
You have nothing to apprehend from my “insinuating any thing against you among our Friends”. I do not deal in Insinuations. I am, Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant
BF.
Sir James Jay


Title: Joseph Belton to the American Commissioners, 17 April 1778: résumé
From: Belton, Joseph
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

<Passy, April 17, 1778: I was captured at sea last January en route from Baltimore to Charleston, and imprisoned in England until the Admiralty released me; I then came here needing assistance. You will, I hope, lend me fifteen guineas, which I will repay on my return to America.>


Title: James Moylan to the American Commissioners, 17 April 1778
From: Moylan, James
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

Honorable Gentlemen
L’Orient 17th April 1778
I beg leave to refer you to what I had the honor of writing you the 15th instant since which one James Miggins Sailor, a native of America, writes me from on board the Hawk privateer belonging to London, which was brought into this harbour some time since by the Oiseau Frigate, that on his passage from Nantes to America on board the Ship Hancock and Adams belonging to Philadelphia, he was taken and carried into Falmouth, whence he was compelled to enter the English service, and that as he is now in this port, he wishes to be restored to his liberty, in order to return to the service of his Country. In consequence of which I claimed him of the Commissary in behalf of America, to whom I deliverd the translation of said Miggins letter, but as he says he cannot restore him without the consent of the Minister, it wou’d be doing an act of humanity as well as service Gentlemen to procure his enlargement. I am with infinite respect Honorable Gentlemen Your assur’d humble Servant
James Moylan

Addressed: A Messieurs / Messieurs Les Ministeres / Plenipotentiaires des Etats / Unis de L’Amerique / Septentrionale
Notation: Jas. Moylan April 17. 1778


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to James Jay, 18 April 1778
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Jay, James

Sir
Passy April 18. 78
The Affair of the Officers last Winter had this Relation to the Matter of your Letter. If you are convinc’d you ought to have believ’d me then; that might induce you to give me a little Credit now. Your Character and Conduct respecting the Welfare of America are not at present in question. When they are, they will doubtless speak for themselves. Having little time, This Correspondence appearing to me useless, I beg it may be here ended. I am Sir Your most humble Servant
B Franklin


Title: From Benjamin Franklin to [Jonathan Williams, Jr.], [18 April 1778]
From: Franklin, Benjamin
To: Williams, Jonathan Jr.

[April 18, 1778]
The many Affairs [illegible] our hands, with the [illegible] Departure, who used to take [illegible] [correspon]dence with you, have [illegible] answering your Letters [illegible] got them together, and answering them, if your Arrival here, which I much desire, does not make it unnecessary.
If you can [illegible] necessary Ac[counts?] [illegible] Capt. Collas [?] [illegible] do it and I will repay you. But I am afraid he will be censur’d for suffering his Dispatches to be taken. The letter you mention was from his Wife: it contains nothing material.
We have apply’d for Convoys, and I believe they will be soon appointed.
The Commissioners never receiv’d any Part of the Prize Moeny that came into Mr. Morris’s hands, and therefore had nothing to give up. I will lay your letter before them on that Subject.
Mr. Lee made me the Offer[?] [illegible] among the other Agent[s?] [illegible] the other [illegible] by him. If I had approved of it that would have countenanc’d his other Appointments, which were in [illegible]. Some of the persons I did not know. Nor did I know what Authority he had to appoint, he [illegible] never seen more than a Letter acquainting him that he would be appointed; and I believe he never receiv’d the Appointment itself. I think it no loss to you, that you are not named by him for two reasons. One that he is the most unpleasant man to have anything to do with that I ever knew, full of little Arts, and constantly on the Watch to take Advantages, with a Suspicion of everybody, that is exceedingly troublesome, and would make one think that he never knew an honest Man in his Life, except himself. Non incautus futuri is the Motto of his Seal: and I had a curious Instance of his Caution the other Day, when I consent’d to receive and keep a Trunk for him, seal’d up, to be Deliver’d to him on his Order, said to contain the Papers of Mr. Morris; after I had sign’d a Receipt to that purpose, he call’d 4 Witnesses to [illegible] or that two or [illegible] prove it. My other [illegible] being now open between [illegible] and France resolved to protest it [illegible] the Congress will continue the committee for procuring[?] Goods for the Army and receiving [illegible] for that Purpose. As the Business of importing [illegible] more proper for Merchants who will [illegible] it on to more Advantage, and those there will send for the Goods wanted, or those here export [illegible] these Agents will of course be [illegible].
Mr. Robert Morris has made ample Acknowledgment to me of his Fault in writing about me and you as he had done to his Brother [?]. I will show you his Letters when I see you.
I should not think it worth your while to have any Difference with Mr. Schweighauser about his Appointment. I have written a longer Letter than I intended. I am Your affectionate Uncle
B Franklin

P.S. Don’t show this Letter as you did that in which I mention’d my Apprehensions that another Person was sometimes a little insane. It was written back here again in less than a fortnight.


Title: John Bondfield to the American Commissioners, 18 April 1778: résumé
From: Bondfield, John
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

<Bordeaux, April 18, 1778: The comte de Fumel informed me yesterday that M. de Sartine instructed him to give American warships the honors due to those of foreign states. The careening of the Boston will be finished this evening.>


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Johann Lorenz Boeckmann, 18 April 1778
From: Boeckmann, Johann Lorenz
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monseigneur!
Charlsrouhe d. XVIII. ap. 1778
Vôtre noble charactere, pour qui il n’est rien de petit, quand la felicitê humaine y est interessée, excusera, je l’espère, la hardiesse par laquelle je viens de tourner les yeux de Vôtre Excellence des affaires les plus importantes pour les fixer sur un objet particulier et bien moins interessant.
Monseigneur, le Marggrave de Baaden, ce grand connoisseur et protecteur des sciences, et l’admirateur particulier de Votre merite superieur, veut placer des conducteurs de l’Eclair dans son paÿs. Il m’a ordonné d’en placer un sur un chateau situé sur un montagne qui n’est que rocher et que la foudre a deja souvent frappé. Il n’y-a q’une circonstance particuliere, qui m’arrête de le placer. On ne trouve point d’eau ou l’on puisse faire introduir la chaine. J’ose faire un demande a Vôtre Excellence. Est-il assez sûr de lier immediatement la chaine au rocher? Et le rocher absorbera-t-il assez subitement la matiere électrique? Ou seroit-il mieux de ne point placer de conducteur dans ce cas particulier? Vous obligerez, Monseigneur, par une reponse bienveillante un Prince, digne de Vôtre consideration. Et quant a moi soyez persuadé de ma profonde Veneration avec laquelle j’ai l’honneur de me dire Monseigneur! Vôtre tres humble et trés obeissant serviteur
J.L. Boeckmannconseiller de la courde S.A. S[érénissi]meMonseigneur le Marggrave de Baaden

Endorsed: Boeckmann Conducteurs for the margrave de Baden
Notation: 18. Ap. 1778.


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Courtney Melmoth, 18 April 1778
From: Melmoth, Courtney
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Sir
Saturday April 18. 1778
Very sudden and particular Business deprive me and Mrs. M. the pleasure we propos’d ourselves in being at Passi to Morrow. But we hope the honour of paying our Respects in a few Days to the amiable Persons whom we venerate at your House. I am Sir Your most obedient Servant
Courtney Melmoth

Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur Franklin / A Passi
Notation: C. Melmoth, April 18. 1778.


Title: The American Commissioners to Gustavus Conyngham, [before 19 April 1778]
From: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Deane, Silas,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John
To: Conyngham, Gustavus

Sir:
[Before April 19, 1778]
The interest which the public has in the vessel you command makes us regard her as a continental Ship of war. Mr. Hodge and Mr. Ross have therefore no right to direct or controul you. Neither had Mr. Deane alone any right to dispose of the vessel; nor of the produce of the prizes you made, as Monsr. Lagonere informs us he has done. You will give us an account for the future of your plans and proceedings; and the Individuals who may be concernd in her, (for we know not who they are nor how far they have contributed) will have their share when they prove their right. We are &c.
To Capt. Cunningham

Notation by John Adams: Sketch of a Letter to Capt. Cunningham


Title: The American Commissioners to Gustavus Conyngham, 19 April 1778
From: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John
To: Conyngham, Gustavus

Sir
Passi April 19. 1778
We have received a Complaint from the remaining Part of your Officers and Crew, of an unfair distribution of Prize Money by Mr. Hodge. To prevent any Such Complaints in future, We desire that you will put your Prizes into the Hands of Messieurs Gardoqui at Bilboa, and into those of the Principal Merchant at Cadiz or Corogne, directing them to make a Speedy Distribution of the Prize-Money, among the Crew and Account to Us for the public Part. You will inform Us, at the Same Time of their Contents and what they are supposed to be worth.
We wish to have, immediately an Account of what you have hither to taken, their supposed Value and to whom committed. You will use your utmost Endeavours to make up your Crew and taking a Cruise where you can with Safety, come to Bordeaux, Brest or Nantes. We can there examine into your Disputes and settle your future Establishment, with much more ease and Effect.
When you make a prize, you should take Copies of her Bills of loading or an Inventory of her Contents, by Sending Us copies of which We can check the Merchants Accounts and prevent any Impositions.
You will inform your ships Company of the Directions We have given to provide for their Satisfaction in future and We wish to be favoured with a Copy of your Commission. We are sir, your most obedient, humble servants
B FranklinArthur LeeJohn Adams
To Captn. Cunningham of the Revenge at Cadiz.


Title: The American Commissioners to William Hodge, 19 April 1778: résumé
From: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John
To: Hodge, William

<Passy, April 19, 1778: Mr. Deane left no account from you of the approximately 100,000 l.t. in public funds that you have received. Capt. Conyngham writes that you have claimed the Revenge as your and Mr. Ross’s property, and the crew writes that you have taken the cargoes of her prizes and have unfairly distributed the prize money. We wish to know your side of the matter.>


Title: The American Commissioners to Samuel Tucker, 19 April 1778
From: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John
To: Tucker, Samuel

Sir,
Passy, April 19. 1778
The Bearer of this, Captn. Livingston, is understood by us to be well qualified for the Office of Lieutenant in your Ship. If upon discoursing with him, you should be of the same Opinion, you will fill up with his Name the enclos’d Commission and date the same upon the Day. We leave this Matter to your Judgment; for tho’ we have a good Opinion of the Gentleman ourselves, we would not impose an Officer on you, contrary to yours. We are with much Esteem, Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant
B FranklinArthur LeeJohn Adams
Honble Capt. Tucker


Title: The American Commissioners to [Vergennes], 19 April 1778: résumé
From: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John
To: Vergennes, Charles Gravier, comte de

<Passy, April 19, 1778: We hear from Bordeaux and Nantes that high insurance rates and British captures create almost an embargo on shipping to America, which defeats the aim of the treaty. We earnestly request you to provide convoys.>


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Musco Livingston, 19 April 1778
From: Livingston, Musco
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Paris 19 April 1778
Mr. Livingston presents his Respects to Doctr. Franklin; begs the Favour of him to Send by the bearer the papers that he was so good as desire M L. to Send this Morning for.

Addressed: Benjn. Franklin Esqr. / passy


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Tronsson Desjardins, 19 April 1778
From: Tronsson Desjardins, ——
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
A paris le 19 Avril 1778
Voicy les Doubles de la requete que j’ay eû l’honneur de vous présenter pour vous prier de faire revenir d’amerique le Certificat de la mort de mon frere. Vous avez bien voulu permettre que je vous les fisse passer par la petite Poste. J’espere que vous me ferez la grace d’employer votre Credit pour me faire avoir une piece aussi essentielle. J’ay l’honneur d’etre avec Respect, Monsieur, Votre tres humble et tres obeissant serviteur
Tronsson DESJARDINS


Title: Vergennes to the American Commissioners, 20 April 1778: résumé
From: Vergennes, Charles Gravier, comte de
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

<Versailles, April 20, 1778, in French: I have received your letter of yesterday about convoys. As the matter solely concerns M. de Sartine, I have forwarded a translation of the letter and will send you his reply.>


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from François-César Le Tellier, Marquis de Courtanvaux, 20 April 1778
From: Courtanvaux, François-César Le Tellier, marquis de
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Ce 20. avril 1778.
Le Marquis de Courtanvaux a apris avec bien de la douleur que M. Francklin ne peut disposer que du samedy 25 du courant, qui est précisement le Jour du départ de sa maison pour une de ses terres, où il doit se rendre Lui même Lundy prochain et y passer six mois. Il prie Monsieur Francklin de recevoir ses regrets de ce contretemps qui le prive de la satisfaction qu’il auroit eue de Le posséder un instant, et d’agréer mille sincères assurances d’attachement de sa part.

Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur Francklin / Deputé des Etats Généraux / de L’amérique Septentrionale / A Passy.


Title: Ebenezer Smith Platt to the American Commissioners, 21 April 1778: résumé
From: Platt, Ebenezer Smith
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

<Paris, April 21, 1778: The petitioner recounts his role in obtaining the gunpowder landed at Savannah in 1775, and his subsequent arrest and imprisonment in Jamaica and in England. He was released through the efforts of a committee for American prisoners, arrived in Paris destitute, and asks help in getting home.>


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from John Luther, 21 April 1778
From: Luther, John
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Honourable Sir
St. Martins Isle of Ré 21st Aprill 1778
Captain de La Plainne belonging to the Continental troops of Georgia came to me to see and procure a passage for 8 french officers to that place. The Capn. of the ship to whom I address’d myself insisted on my giveing him my note payable in 6 Months for their passage, which had I the least orders either from you or Mr. Deane you may be assured I would have done most willingly or have pay’d down the mony. There was one of the Gentlemen in particular who had a letter of recommendation from you to your Nephew Jonathan Williams Esqr. in Boston for whom I procured a passage in another Vessell bound for that place but as in the mean time Capn. De La Plainne had settled affairs with the other Capn. of the Ship who took the rest of the Gentlemen he chose to goe along with them. As very probably there may such other or like affairs happen here regarding the Continental business iff you’d please to honour me with your Commands how to Act you may be assured they will be most punctually Obeyd by Honourable Sir Your Obedient humble Servant
John Luther

Addressed: Monsieur / Monsieur Benjamin Franklyn / a Paris
Notation: John Luther isle de Rée 21 Avril 1778


Title: The American Commissioners to Emmanuel-Yves Bersolle, 22 April 1778
From: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John
To: Bersolle, Emmanuel-Yves

Sir:
Passi April 22d. 1778
Your Bill upon our Banker was not paid, because it was drawn without our leave; and before you had sent us the Accounts to shew we were your Debtors.
When we have examind your Accounts and found them just; we shall give you Notice, that our Banker will pay your Draft for the Sum due. We conceive you cannot with any sort of propriety require payment sooner. We are, Sir, Your most Obedient Servants.
A Monsr. Monsr. Bersolle, Negociant a Brest


Title: The American Commissioners to James Moylan, 22 April 1778
From: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John
To: Moylan, James

Sir:
April 22d. 1778
We desire you will not pay Mr. Bersolle’s Bill. His demand for payment before he had sent the Accounts to us and we had examind them, is unjust. You will also avoid for the future accepting Bills which we are to pay; or giving yourself the trouble of doing in our name what you have not our authority to do. We are, Sir, Your most Obedient Servants
To Mr Moylan at L’Orient


Title: The American Commissioners to John Ross, 22 April–23 May 1778: résumé
From: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John
To: Ross, John

<Passy, April 22–May 3, 1778: You wrote us that you would, if desired, send the invoices of goods shipped for the public. We asked for them, to account for the money advanced you. Your reason for refusing, in yours of the 18th, is inadequate; send us all the accounts, and a copy of our order for buying the Queen of France.
When you first asked our assistance, to maintain your credit and that of the committee of Congress, we furnished the sum you needed on your promise to repay. After almost a year you have not redeemed the promise. You should not have made new commitments, which the committee did not expect you to make and we did not expect to discharge. If we were responsible for debts that we do not control, we should soon become bankrupt ourselves. We therefore cannot allow you to draw on our bankers.>


Title: Samuel Tucker to the American Commissioners, 22 April 1778: résumé
From: Tucker, Samuel
To: American Commissioners,Franklin, Benjamin,Lee, Arthur,Adams, John

<Bordeaux, April 22, 1778: My ship has been careened, but I must take out and repair the mainmast. Capt. Palmes has been long away, and I am anxious to know my destination. I shall be ready as soon as possible, but the holidays have delayed me; although I tried to get permission to keep on working, the authorities denied it. I await your orders about cargo, and about what advances I may offer in enrolling seamen.>


Title: To Benjamin Franklin from Bersolle, 22 April 1778
From: Bersolle, Emmanuel-Yves
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Monsieur
Brest 22. Avril 1778.
Informé par Monsieur Le Ray de Chaumont de votre adresse j’ai L’honneur de vous faire part de L’Entrée dans notre Rade du navire Le Lord Chatham, d’environ 300 Tonneaux prise faite par Monsieur Jones Commandant la frégatte des Etats unis de L’Amérique Le Ranger. Ce navire alloit de Londres à Dublin. Sa Cargaison consiste en fer de diverses Espèces Bierre marchandises blanches et autres objets, dont je n’ai pas Encore le détail. Le Capitaine l’a fait rendre en ce port à la consignation de Monsieur de Laporte notre Intendant qui ne peut par sa place se mêler de pareilles affaires.
Comme son Correspondant pendant sa relache ici j’ai Reclamé auprès de lui, d’avoir la bonté de donner des ordres pour mettre cette prise en seureté.
J’en ai égallement instruit notre Général qui m’a promis sa protection à ce sujet.

J’ai Recommandé à L’Interprette d’en faire la Déclaration à l’amirauté et de faire mettre les scêlés à Bord suivant L’Intention du Capitaine Jones. Je vous serai obligé Monsieur de vouloir bien en reponse me donner vos instructions à cet Egard. Je suis avec Respect, Monsieur, Votre très humble et très obeissant serviteur
Bersolle

Notation: Mr. Bersolle, 22 April 1778