Title: To George Washington from Udny Hay, 5 January 1781
From: Hay, Udny
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Poughkiepsee 5 Jan. 1781

                        I took the liberty of mentioning to your Excellency in mine of 2nd inst: the necessity, if men could be spared
                            for the purpose, of sending off Batteaux in Quest of flour at the different Landings, as I have heard nothing on that
                            subject since am affraid the Letter has miscarried, and am therefore again induced to request You will give orders for
                            that purpose especially as since my last I have seen several of my Assistants, who, not withstanding the excessive badness
                            of the roads, will I am convinced gett a considerable quantity to the water side as soon as the batteaux or vessells
                            arrive—You will please observe there is some now lays within a mile or two of the Water side which
                            cannot be removed till the vessells are ready to take it in as there are no Store houses at the Landings nearest which it
                            is at present deposited.
                        If any vessels or batteaux are ordered up I could wish the Masters or officer commanding was desired to call
                            upon me, that they may have no unnecessary delay at any of the Landings.
                        I recd intelligence from Albany that a supply of fifty barrells of flour had gone on for
                            Fort Schuyler and that sevty more would be ready by 15th Jany. I am wt. the utmost respect Your
                            Excellencys most obedient and very humble Sert

                            Udny Hay


Title: To George Washington from William Livingston, 5 January 1781
From: Livingston, William
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sr
                            Trenton 5 Jany 1781

                        I have the Honour to transmit to your Excellency 13 Copies of our Act for completing & keeping up the
                            Quota of Troops belonging to this State in the service of the United States, & am with the highest Esteem and
                            Respect your Excellency’s most humble Servant

                            Wil: Livingston


Title: From Tench Tilghman to Timothy Pickering, 5 January 1781
From: Tilghman, Tench
To: Pickering, Timothy

                            Dear Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor 5th January 1781.

                        The speedy removal of the Flour from Ringwood, independant of the want of it at West point, is become the
                            more necessary, as the Jersey troops have marched from Pompton to Morris town and thereby left the Magazine at Ringwood
                            much exposed. Under the circumstances His Excellency desires you to apply to the Magistrates for an additional impress of
                            Waggons, and to make every exertion to bring forward that Flour, which seems our principal dependance at present—The Garrison yesterday were upon half allowance of Flour, whether they have any to day, or whether any will come
                            down the River I cannot say—some Gentlemen who came from Ringwood a day or two ago say there were 1000 Barrels of
                            Flour there, but as the Commissary only returns between four and five hundred, I imagine they were mistaken. I am
                            &c.

                            T. Tilghman


Title: General Orders, 6 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To:

                            Head Quarters New Windsor saturday January 6th 1781
                            Parole.
                            Countersigns

                        The General has the pleasure of communicating to the Army the following interesting and agreeable pieces of
                            Intelligence which have been received from Major General Greene. On the 20th of November Brigadier General Sumpter was
                            attacked by Colonel Tarleton the famous British Partizan at Black Storks on Tyger river in south Carolina—Tarleton made
                            three vigorous charges in the two first he was repulsed by the troops posted in General Sumpter’s front, in the third he
                            obliged the advanced troops to fall back upon the main body by whom he was so warmly received that he retreated with
                            precipitation leaving ninety two dead and one hundred wounded upon the field—Colonel Tarleton had in the action three
                            hundred Cavalry—one hundred and thirty of the 63d regiment and one hundred of the 71st.
                        The smallness of our Loss compared with that of the enemy is most remarkable we having but three men killed
                            and four wounded among the latter is the brave General Sumpter himself in the shoulder.
                        The beginning of December Lieutenant Colonel Washington of the 3d regiment of light dragoons with one hundred
                            horse came up with Colonel Rugely Major Cook and one hundred and twelve tory officers and soldiers who had taken post in a
                            logged barn strongly secur’d by Abbatis on Rugely’s farm twelve Miles from Campden. Colonel Washington unable to force
                            them for want of artillery made use of the following strategem. He mounted a Pine Log on a carriage and holding out the
                            appearance of an Attack with field Pieces he sent in a flag and demanded an immediate surrender which was complied with.
                            By these and several smaller successes the Enemy are kept pretty closely confined to their Posts at Campden Weemsborough
                            and Ninety six at each of which they are pretty strongly fortified.


Title: To George Washington from Udny Hay, 6 January 1781
From: Hay, Udny
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Poughkiepsie 6th Jan. 1781

                        Of the five boats which arrived here last night in consequence of your Excellencys orders, I have sent four
                            to a mill where there are eighty five barrells of flour about twelve miles above this, the other have sent back with a
                            vessell which I have procured at this place and is now loading with about a hundred barrells, this boats even assists in
                                towing the vessell down should it prove calm, and has orders to call at a mill about eight miles
                            below this where there are twelve or fourteen barrells.
                        Lett me again request your Excellency will be so good as order serve more boats up if the State of the
                            river will permitt, they are for many reasons preferable to vessells.
                        I have acquainted some of my principal Assistants with what has lately happend in Jersey, a purpose to
                            accelerate their endeavours in getting flour down to the post, but have endeavoured to do it in a way
                            that will not alarm them too much. I am with the utmost respect, Your Excellencys, most obedient and very humble Sert

                            Udny Hay

                            Boats enough are this moment arrived to carry one hundred barrells they sett off immediately to
                            Esopus.


Title: To George Washington from William Heath, 6 January 1781
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General
                            Garrison West point Janry 6th 1781

                        I take the Liberty to inclose a Letter from Colo. Saml Drake and wish your Opinion and direction in this
                            and on like occasions I have written Colo. Drake that the applications for ammunition from the militia, are so frequent,
                            and large that I cannot grant them, without your Excellencys opinion and direction and beg leave to submit the matter
                            accordingly. I have the honor to be with the greatest respect Your Excellencys most Obedient Servant

                            W. Heath


Title: To George Washington from William Heath, 6 January 1781
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General
                            Garrison west Point Jany 6th 1781 7 oClock P.M.

                        The enclosed this moment came to hand, which I beg to submit to your Excellency—This will be forwarded at Gun
                            fireing in the morning. I detain the Express, & wish your answer, if agreeable, by the return of the Bearer, that
                            Colonel Hull may have notice as early as possible. Colonel Thomas mentioned the matter in a letter to me yesterday, but as
                            it did not come from Colonel Hull, I took no notice of it—If the Plan should be approved, it will probably be necessary
                            to furnish the Militia with some ammunition—as to burning the houses at Morrissiania, altho they are a nest for the
                            nefarious Enemy, yet as many of them belong to Persons very friendly to our cause, and who have been obliged to abandon their
                            habitations, it may not only be impolitic, but injurious to do it—however I will advise as your Excellency may think fit
                            to direct—I must confess, I do not well like the Militia, haveing so much to do in the matter, notifying &
                            collecting men from three regiments, among whom many disaffected Persons reside, and upon the very line of the Enemy, is
                            very likely to give air of the design, and a knowledge of the design will tend to blow the whole. I have the honor to be
                            with the greatest respect Your Excellencys most Obedient Servant

                            W. Heath

                     Enclosure

                                Dear General
                                Danforths near Pines Bridge Jany 6th 1781.

                            I am this moment informed by Capt. Delivon & Justice Honeywell that a Plan is
                                concerted by Colonels Thomas, Drake & Crane, for attacking the Refugees in their Quarters at Morrisinia. They
                                have applied to me to join thim with the Troops on the Lines, and propose my commanding the whole—They say they will
                                at least Muster one hundred Horse, and two hundred Foot—Indeed they have proceeded as far as to appoint next
                                Wednesday Afternoon the Time for their Rendezvous at North-Castle. I give you, Sir this early Information for the
                                Purpose of knowing whether you conceive the Object of sufficient Importance, to consent to the Troops under my Command
                                being employed in it.
                            The Success of the Expedition I think must depend on the accuracy with which it is conducted—Should the
                                Enemy gain Intelligence of the Design, they can easily frustrate it—If not, we should probably
                                make Prisoners and kill a Number of Delanceys Corps.
                            The scattered Situation in which they are cantoned, would I doubt prevent a large Number falling into our
                                Hands—As they are a Nest of Theives & Robbers, would it not be proper totally to destroy their Habitations by
                                Fire, and prevent them from inhabiting that part of the Country in future—Delancey can muster about three Hundred Men
                                on giving short Notice— Redoubt No. 8 is a Guard of Hessions, consisting of about one
                                hundred—I thought it my Duty to give the earliest Notice of this Plan and could wish to know as soon as possible,
                                whether my engaging in it will meet with your Approbation—If I should, would not a Reinforcement from the New
                                hampshire Line of a hundred or more be necessary?
                            As I wish to have you apprised as early as possible of the Plan, have not Time to lay before you the
                                Disposition which I should. I am Sir Your Most Obedt Servt

                                Wm Hull Lt Colo.


Title: To George Washington from Samuel Huntington, 6 January 1781
From: Huntington, Samuel
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Philadelphia January 6. 1781

                        Your Excellency will receive herewith enclosed, the Copy of a Report of Committee and consequent Resolve of
                            Congress; with Copies of Letters from Mr Abraham Skinner & Mr David Sproat, and Memorial from George Lyman
                            & others Prisoners in the Provost at New York.
                        By these Despatches you will see the cruel Treatment exercised by the Enemy towards the Prisoners in their
                            Hands, and that in the Opinion of Congress an Exercise of the Law of Retaliation is become necessary.
                        Driven by Necessity; from the unwarrantable & inhuman Practices of the Enemy, Congress have adopted
                            the Measures directed in the foregoing Resolve, which your Excellency will please to observe so far forth as they relate
                            to your Province.
                        I have also enclosed two Acts of Congress of the 2d & 3d Instant; by the former your Excellency will
                            be informed of the Mode in which Colonel Armand may be permitted to recruit his Corps, and by the latter of the
                            Resignation of Doctor Shippen—I have the Honor to be with the highest Regard your Excellency’s most obedient &
                            most humble Servant

                            Sam. Huntington President

                     Enclosure

                                Dear Sir
                                Commissary Prisoners Office December 26th 1780

                            I am much indebted for your particular attention in forwarding on the Prisoners from Philadelphia and for
                                your attention to our money matters.
                            I find no difficulty in negociating my business with Loring in the land exchanges and I wish I could say
                                as much of our friend Sproat, whose conduct I cannot account for he denys having any hand in sending our poor fellows
                                home in the Yarmouth, and tho he acknowledges a ballance due to Philadelphia yet he absolutely refused to make the
                                remittance—This I thought so unreasonable that I could not help abusing him and insisted on his sending the
                                Philadelphians out, which he promised to do; but as he is a creature without power I fear he will not be able to
                                accomplish it.
                            From what I can learn there is another Vessel preparing to take another parcel of our Captains and Mates
                                (now on board the Prison Ship to England) and the only reason they assign for it is, because they were taken in armed
                                Vessels.
                            I think it high time that something should be done. Pray dont attemp letting a Capt. in the naval line
                                or any one under his rank have a parole, nor dont on any account send on a Man untill they send out some, for believe
                                me there is not the least faith to be put in those People and they really act with as much villainy as you can
                                suppose. There may be enough who will begin to find fault with this rigorous treatment but my God was you to see the
                                manner in which our Officers & Men are confined in their Prison Ships, you would almost forget the Rules of
                                decency towards those People. I am Sir Your most Obedt Humble Servt

                                Abm Skinner
                                Comy Genl Pris.

                     Enclosure

                                The honorable, the Congress
                                Provost condemned Room Decr. 28. 1780.

                            This is the fourth day of our being at this place—have drew no kind of subsistance except water, we have
                                not yet been informed the cause of such treatment—if it is for retaliation we will endeavour to bear it, yet think
                                ourselves improper subjects to bear such hardships, noone but those who experience can form an Idea of the
                                diasgreeableness of the place—We are exposed to the North west blasts with out the least obstruction to the cold
                                except the grates—Humbly sollicit something may be immediately done for us—consider the long imprisonment we have
                                bore, and most of that time destitute of any thing to make us comfortable—We have disposed of cloathing to prisoners
                                exchanged with the prospect of having necessaries sent to us from Jerseys, but have never received any thing for them,
                                being informed that the commandant at Elizabeth town would not suffer any such necessaries to be sent us.
                            The severity of weather in this place will not admit of many words—beg the honorable Congress will
                                consider our hard fate and relieve us from such scenes of distress and they will lay many obligations on their very
                                humble servants

                                George Lyman
                                James Hallett
                                Peter Fosters
                                Thomas Selus
                                Thomas ClarkDaniel LawrenceSimon TylorMaster of Whale boats

                     Enclosure

                                Sir,
                                New York 30th Decr 1780

                            You have too long been a witness of the distress and misery attending on imprisonment you will therefore
                                use your endeavours to get as many released as possible—Altho you are greatly indebted—a number of our people are
                                withheld from us, at Hartford in Connecticut—at East town in Pennsylvania and at Philadelphia, which for the good of
                                the whole had better be sent in. I mention this to you because I believe you to be a man of humanity and Am sir, Your
                                mo. hume Servt

                                David Sproat
                                Commissary Genl N.P.

                                (Copy)


Title: To George Washington from Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette, 7 January 1781
From: Lafayette, Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de
To: Washington, George

                            My dear General
                            Morristown January the 7th 1781

                        As you will Receive a letter from Gal St Clair Who had been desir’d by Congress to Go with me to the
                            Pensilvania line, I have Nothing to add But that I am here with him, and that I Impatiently wait for Your Arrival which
                            has been Announc’d by Mjor Fishburne on his Going through this place. This Affair is the More Serious as the Men have
                            Appointed a Committee Compos’d of Theyr Ring Leaders through whom every thing Goes to the Soldiers—they also have officers
                            of theyr own Making, and Seem determined in theyr Resolution. Nothing is to be hoped But from force or Such a division
                            among them as would produce a partial dissolution—the Militia don’t Seem Very willing to fight them—Gal Waine was in hopes
                            that they Could be divided—But how far he May Succeed I do not know.
                        Your Going there would be extremely Imprudent, and the probability of succes is not By far Such as to justify
                            Your exposing Yourself to Any danger of the kind—the Less So as the possessing of Your person would be an inducement to
                            theyr joining the Ennemy.
                        We hear that there had been the Night Before last some Commotion in Clel Butler’s detachment—But it has been
                            Stopped without any Great difficulty.
                        Gal St Clair will let you know how we Came among them, and how we have been advis’d By theyr Committee to
                            make a Short Retreat. Adieu, My dear General, in waiting for You or for Your orders I have the
                            honor to be Most Respectfully and Affectionately Your Most obedient humble Servant

                            Lafayette


Title: To George Washington from John Laurens, 7 January 1781
From: Laurens, John
To: Washington, George

                            My Dear General
                            Morris Town 7th Jany 1781

                        On my arrival at this place last night, I learnt that Major Fishburn had announced Your Excellencys intention
                            of coming this way immediately—The uncertainty of whether you wd give a preference to the boon-town road or that by Mr
                            Lotts, and the indispensibility of a conference with Your Excellency on the subject of my mission to Europe, determine me
                            to expect your here.
                        Generals St Clair and de lafayette will inform Your Excellency of their embassy to the mutiners—General
                            Wayne with Cols Stewart and Butler remained among them with a view of disuniting them and endeavouring to effect a
                            secession of Stewarts Regiment. I am sorry to say, that from the circumstances of their organizing themselves &
                            appointing officers of their own, as well as every other part of their conduct—I am persuaded nothing but a superior
                            investing Force will reduce them to reason—Hitherto they have proceeded without opposition—far from experiencing any
                            inconvenience—they enjoy all the advantages they could wish from the change—and consequently have no motive to return to
                            their duty—Our officers have treated and harangued under every disadvantage—as the Leaders of the Mutiny have hitherto
                            felt themselves capable of giving the Law—in my opinion the sooner decisive measures are taken—the greater facility there
                            will be in terminating this unhappy affair and the fewer lives will be sacrificed. A superior force properly disposed, and
                            a proclamation from Your Excellency will make members return to their colours—and obviate the necessity
                            of coming to blows. The Force of Jersey and Pennsilvania, with a detachement from the Continental Army are certainly
                            adequate to this business—Happily the Enemy are much reduced by detachments. I have the honor to be with every sentiment
                            of attachment and respect Your Excellencys most .

                            John Laurens


Title: To George Washington from Benjamin Lincoln, 7 January 1781
From: Lincoln, Benjamin
To: Washington, George

                            Boston January 7th 1781

                        Nothing My dear General very new or material has taken place, since I did my self the honor to address your
                            Excellency under the 26th. However I cannot omit so good an opportunity as offers by this express, to inform you that the
                            recruiting service goes on well, and that there is good reason to hope our battalions will soon be filled up.
                        The matter of clothing the army is of such importance, in every point of view, that I have been induced to
                            draught a petition to the General Assembly, which I shall offer tomorrow, praying that they would immediately cloth the
                            recruits, as no effectual provision has been made for this purpose by the continent—and shewing that to march them
                            unclothed would only put them in a situation to observe the miseries of others, with sensations of distress sharpened by
                            their own suffering, without being able to render any services to their country--I flatter my self with hopes of success
                            in this application; and that when the assembly consider that hereby the evils of nakedness will be avoided—The just
                            expectation of the soldier fulfilled—The recruiting service promoted—The Good of the cause advanced; & that it
                            can with ease be effected, without loss to this particular State, they will grant my prayer.
                        I mentioned to your Excellency that probably the troops would rendezvous in this town, & at
                            Springfield; all of them will, excepting those raised in the County of Barkshire; they in Great Barrington—where the
                            superintendent or muster master will deliver them to such officer as your Excellency shall order to receive them.
                        The flourishing state of trade and the low rate of bills of exchange, which are 15 or 20 pcent under par
                            casts the darkest shade on our public affairs; as it may retard our borrowing those sums so necessary for prosecuting the
                            war with vigour, unless at great loss. For while bills are at their present rate it will be difficult to borrow cash, as
                            the holders can lodge it in Europe with so much advantage to themselves. So that if we borrow it must be bills at par; the
                            loss on which will be great—but when the alternative is this measure or further emissions of paper money, can there be a
                            doubt which is the most eligible? I have the honor to be my Dear General with the highest esteem your Excellencys most
                            obedient & most humble servant

                            B. Lincoln


Title: To George Washington from Arthur St. Clair, 7 January 1781
From: St. Clair, Arthur
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Morris Town Jany 7th 1781

                        Your Excellency has heard of the shameful Defection of the Pennsylvania Line and I am very much concerned to
                            inform You that as yet, there is no Prospect that we know of, of any Desire appearing in them to return to their Duty. I
                            happened to be in Philadelphia the Day the Accounts of it arrived there and set out early next morning in Company with the
                            Marquis de la fayette to make trial of what Influence we might have, but tho we were suffered to come in to Prince Town and
                            there was an Appearance of Satisfaction in the Countenance of the Troops, we were not allowed to have any Communication
                            with them. a Committee of Sergeants and who are doubtless at the Bottom of the whole, have got the Business into their own
                            hands and no Person is allowed to speak to the Soldiery but thro them. Their Demands are no less than an almost total
                            dissolution of the Line. They are to the best of my Recollection the Discharge of all those who have been enlisted in the
                            Year 1777 & 78 and who received the Bountys of 20 and 120 Dollars immediate Payment of their Arrears &
                            Depreciation, and a general Indemnity. General Wayne in Answer to those Demands made them such Promises, as ought to have
                            satisfied reasonable Men, looking only for redress of Grievances wether real or imaginary; but they were rejected: so that
                            I have no Doubt but Emmisarys from the Ennemy are amongst them and believe that nothing but Force will reduce them to
                            Reason—unhappily—however there seems to be no Disposition in the Militia of this State to come to that Method, and it was
                            the opinion of the Governour, and such Members of the Legislature as we saw at Trenton, that they should be
                                suffered to pass the Delaware. This I informed Governor Reed from that Place that he might have
                            time to take the proper Measures but they seem disposed to keep Post at Prince Town. Whilst we were at the last Place
                            Colonell Laurens came up, and we very soon after received a Notice that our being in Town was very disagreeable, and desiring
                            us for our own safety, to retire, and our stay was afterwards limited to an hour and a half as we had no Prospect of being
                            of Service we set off least they should think of detaining Us. We have since heard that they have made General Wayne,
                            Colonells Butler and Stewart Prisoners but the most alarming Circumstance is them having organized themselves and
                            appointed all the necessary officers.
                        There are still a few Men at the Hutts to whom I have sent this Morning, with an Assurance that they will be
                            considered principally in whatever may be done for the Line at large, and have directed that they may be collected and
                            marched to Persipenny to render them Communication with the Revolters more difficult, and have given Directions for
                            removing the remaining Artillery and Ammunition to Suckgsunny.
                        We were unfortunate to miss Major Fishbourne, and have no knowledge of Your Excellencys Intentions, I thought
                            it probable that you might have come down to this Place, if that is not your Design I beg I may be favoured with Your
                            Excellencys Instructions, and am with the greatest Respect Sir Your most obedient Servant

                            Ar. St Clair

                            I have not learned that any Movements of the Ennemy indicate an Intention to enter Jersey yet I
                                cannot persuade myself that they will not endeavour to avail themselves of this Disaster, tho perhaps they may defer
                                it untill it is certain that Force is necessary.
                            After Major Fishbournes departure from Prince Town from a Desire expressed by the Committee to confer
                                with some the Council of Pennsylvania General Wayne sent an Express to Philada requesting some of that Body to meet
                                them. they were expected to arrive Yesterday.


Title: To George Washington from William Lord Stirling Alexander, 7 January 1781
From: Alexander, William Lord Stirling
To: Washington, George

                            Dr Sir
                            Trentown Jan: 7th 1781 at Noon

                        I had the honor to write your Excellency by Lt Col. Dehart who went of this morning to the Jersey Brigade
                            with an Authentic Copy of the Laws for Setling the drepreciation of the pay of that Line, and with some finished Copies of
                            the Law for recruiting the two Regimts that are to remain. Since that a very fortunate Circumstance has occurd that will
                            I hope give an opening for Setling the Matter with the pensilvania Mutineers in a Manner more pleasing than Could have
                            been expected. The Committee from Congress now fully Informs your Excellency thereof, I doubt not such proper Use will be
                            made of it, as will bring the disagreable affair to a happy Issue.
                        I shall order a Court Martial of the Officers of the pensilvania Line to set tomorrow for the Trial of the
                            Spy & the Guide as soon as the Evidence can be Collected. I am your Excellency’s Most Humble Servant

                            Stirling,


Title: To George Washington from William Lord Stirling Alexander, 7 January 1781
From: Alexander, William Lord Stirling
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir
                            Trentown Janr. 7 1781

                        Yesterday evening the Legislature of this State finished the Bill for Setting the depreciation of the pay of
                            their Brigade and Leiut. Col. DeHart Major Cummins and Doctr Hunter the Committee sent from the Brigade at the request of
                            the Assembly now take an authenticated Copy with them to the Brigade this busyness I thought of so much Consequence at this
                            Critical Juncture that I did not Care to leave this place ’till it was finished, and I hope it will tend to keep that body
                            of Men in such good humour as will be of Use in Quelling the Mutineers of the pensilvania line. The legislature of the
                            State have also at last finished the Bill for Compleating the two Regiments which are to stand, (deducting the men of
                                their State in other Corps) which is to be done by Volunteers at 60 dollars of the New Money
                            Bounty; I despair of the Success of it. a Number of the printed Copies of this law Govr Livingston sends to your
                            Excellency and a Number of them also goes to the Commanding of the Corps by these Gentlemen. I would have set out this
                            morning for the Eastern part of the State but the Committee Just arrived from Congress have desired me to stay ’till some
                            measures are determined on with regard to the Enemy as well as the Mutineers. I am obliged to conclude this & am
                            your Excys M. obt H. Servant.

                            Stirling,


Title: To George Washington from John Sullivan, 7 January 1781
From: Sullivan, John
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Trenton January 7th1781

                        The Committee appointed by Congress to quiet the disturbances of the Pennsynvania Line &ca think is proper to inform your Excellency that they arrived at this place last night after dark; And that
                            President Reed who acts in concert with us has proceeded to the neighbourhood of Princetown at which place those Troops
                            are now posted. We are happy to inform your Excellency that some favourable appearances of a speedy and honorable, as well
                            as a safe accomodation has appeared in their Conduct this morning; as they have given an earnest of
                            their Sincerity and intentions by no means equivocal; by signing a Negotiator sent to them from New York, together with
                            his Conductor both of whom they delivered up to Genl Wayne, and have Sent them out under a Guard with their Papers, they
                            are actually now in the Hands of President Reed, and  do ourselves the Honor of sending Your
                            Excellency a Copy of the Terms offered them in writing by those Emissaries. Should Your Excellecy have any Communications
                            to make to Congress relative to the present State and Temper of the Army, we request that you will be pleased to make them
                            through us, amd direct them to this place—We are with the highest and the most Sincere esteem and regard—Your Excellencys
                            Most Obt Hble Servts

                            Jno. Sullivan


Title: General Orders, 8 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To:

                            Monday January 8th 1781
                            Parole.
                            Countersigns.

                        The Rank of the Massachusetts regiments under the new establishment of the army having been determined as
                            follows.

                                No. of the Regiment

                                Commanded by

                                1st regiment

                                .............................

                                Colonel Vose

                                2d

                                .............................

                                Lieutenant Colonel Sprout

                                3d

                                ............................

                                Colonel Greaton

                                4th

                                ............................

                                Colonel Shepard

                                5th

                                ............................

                                Colonel Putnam

                                6th

                                ............................

                                Lieutenant Colonel Smith

                                7th

                                ............................

                                Lieutenant Colonel Brooks

                                8th

                                ............................

                                Colonel M. Jackson

                                9th

                                ............................

                                Colonel H. Jackson

                                10th

                                ............................

                                Colonel Tupper

                        By a Committee chosen by the respective commanding officers of them or their Representatives, the Commander
                            in Chief for that reason approves the determination of the Committee and directs it to take place accordingly.


Title: To George Washington from Moses Hazen, 8 January 1781
From: Hazen, Moses
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Fish Kill Jany 8th 1781

                        I think it my Duty to Acquaint You of Sundry matters respecting the Corps I have the Honor to Command, and beg
                            the favor of Your Excellency’s Directions therein. Capt. Poulints Independant Company Consisting of himself one Lieut. one
                            Ensign and  men were annex’d to my Regimt Early in the Year 1778.
                            have Continued with and done duty in it Ever since it has been returnd and mustered as an Independant Company and
                            Consequently not included in the Establishment of the Regiment. as the officers and men of the Company are from Canada
                            they wish to be continued with the Regiment on such a footing as your Excellency may adopt.
                        Captain Robishaux Lieut. Monté with Seventeen Men of the Corps lately Commanded by Col. Livingston have
                            within this few days Joind my Regiment—they also wish to Continue with the Regiment and render any Little Service to the
                            Public in their Power. these Gentlemen entered into this Cause from Good Motives their Sacrafices have been great and they
                            may Yet be Usefull if their Sirvices should be wanted in their own Country—Capt. McConnel of my Regiment now on Parole at
                            Philada was wounded at the battle of Brandywine on the 11th Septr 1777 Left on the Field made a Prisoner and there gave a
                                Verbal Parole which has not been Entered as I am inform’d on the British Comissary of
                            Prisoners Books & has been pass’d by in his tour of Exchange—Captain Popham is With Brigre Genl Clinton with whom
                            he has serv’d as Brigade Major and Aid de Camp Since the opening of the Campaign 1778.
                        Captain Taylor had Genl Hands leave of Absence in March last for the Recovery of his Health he went to
                            Virginia and is not since Return’d—Capt. Hughes is Absent from the Regiment since Novr last it is Said he is on your
                            Excellencys Furlough in Consequence of a Recommendation from Major Torrey who then Commanded the Regimt Lieut. Lewis is
                            also absent from the Regiment and it is said he has resign’d.
                        I would request your Excellency will please inform me how those Gentlemen are to be mustered. Viz. Capt.
                            Poulint & his Officers. Capt. Robishaux & Lt Monté would wish to remain with the Regimt
                            even as Volunteers or Otherwise as your Excellency may direct.
                        as the Regiment is an exception to the General Establishment of the Army I would be happy for your
                            Excellencys Oppinion and approbation in a Uniform white with Green facing was the first fixd upon in Canada and the Field Officers would wish to Continue it if your Excellency approves of that or will
                            point out Any Other—I will endeavour to procure on my own Credit a Suit of Uniform Cloaths for such of the Officers of the
                            Regiment has have it not in their power to provide themselves. I have the Honor to be Your Excellency’s most obedient and
                                very Hble Servt

                            Moses Hazen


Title: From George Washington to William Phillips, 8 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Phillips, William

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor 8th Jany 1781

                        I have received your favors of the 18th and 23d of December. Soon after the Passports for the Flag Ship were
                            sent to you, I was informed by the Governor of Virginia, that there had been a necessity of removing the British Troops of
                            Convention to Fort Frederick in Maryland, I therefore, in answer to his letter, desired him to give permission to the Ship,
                            upon her arrival in James River, to proceed with the Stores for the British, to such other place in the Chesapeak as
                            would be most convenient to transport them from to Fort Frederick.
                        As to the propositions contained in your letter of the 23d December I can only say, that I am not at liberty
                            to go into a further exchange of the troops of Convention, before there is an adjustment of the debt incurred for their
                            support. I have the honor to be Sir Your most obt Servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Arthur St. Clair, 8 January 1781
From: St. Clair, Arthur
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Morris Town Janry 8th 1781

                        Your Excellency will have received an Account of the serious Nature of the Mutiny of the Pennsylvania Troops
                            and their apparent disposition to keep Post at Prince Town by the Marquis’s Letters and mine of Yesterday. Since which we
                            have no Account from them—but last Night a Person was sent to Us, charged with a Letter to their Leaders by Sir Henry
                            Clinton who with Genl Kyhausen, is upon Staaten-Island. The General Import is a Pardon of all past offences, immediate
                            Payment of all Arrears of Pay, Cloathing Provisions, Depreceation, due them by Congress without
                            any Expectation of military Service, unless voluntary, upon their returning to their Allegiance, and a proposal for them to
                            send Commissioners to treat at Amboy, where they would be met by Persons properly authorised and that Faith should be
                            pledged for the Performance of every thing there agreed on; and an Advice to post themselves behind  South River where
                            a Body of british Troops would be sent to protect them—We have farther learned that in Case they come into these
                            Propostions a Party is to be landed at Elizabeth Town & another at Amboy by way of Diversion—As we are totally
                            unacquainted with your Excellencys Intentions or what Measures you mean to take upon this Occasion, we are at a loss what
                            use to make of this Intelligence, but as the Person is acquainted with the Contents of the Letter, we have determined to
                            detain him untill Night, in the Hopes your Excellency may arrive and if not some Measures must be taken to send him back so
                            as to deceive Sir Henry, and this Morning I sent Orders to Genl Heard, who is at Brunswick to post Parties on all the
                            Roads leading to Prince Town to stop and carefully search every Person going in or coming out of Prince Town to prevent
                            any Intercourse betwixt that Place and the Ennemy, as Numbers are employed on the same  as the
                            Person who came to Us—If your Excellency is not coming this Way I beg I may be honoured with your Orders but it is my
                            Opinion that your Presence is very necessary here, and am with the greatest Respect Sir Your most obedient, humble Servant

                            Ar. St Clair


Title: To George Washington from Israel Shreve, 8 January 1781
From: Shreve, Israel
To: Washington, George

                            Pompton-Camp, 8th Jany 1781

                        In consequence of General Wayne’s orders of the 2d instant, a battalion was formed of about 250 men of those
                            in the Brigade who were left clothed, and marched the day following to Morristown under the command of Lieut. Colonel
                            Barber. The clothing did not arrive till yesterday when I meant to have followed with the remainder of the troops but
                            reasons which I presume Your Excellency will deem sufficient have induced me to decline this step—My situation is
                            critical—I could not have marched more than a Captain’s command exclusive of the necessary guards and detachments—and I
                            am Sorry to inform Your Excellency that the soldiers present appear to be exceedingly mortified and disgusted on account
                            of the unspeakably bad quality and scanty supply of clothes—add to these the reasons assigned in a letter of Colonel
                            Barber’s which for Your Excellency’s satisfaction I take the liberty to enclose. Upon the whole I think it most eligible
                            to continue the different commands and detachments and remain in my present situation, prepared to act as exigencies may
                            require.
                        Of seventy four Jersey men in the regiment late Colonel Spencer only thirty one have joined the Brigade,
                            several of whom were without arms. The arms of those who had any were in the worst condition and most of them unfit for
                            service—The men are good. Enclosed is a return of the whole in which the absent are accounted for. The surplus clothing
                            of the regiment is at Stoney-Point—I could wish that such articles as were drawn for the men of the Jersey Brigade who
                            are not present might be ordered to this place.
                        I shall immediately set out for Chatham to learn more particularly the situation of affairs in that quarter
                            and finally settle the arrangement of the Brigade with Colonel Dayton who is at that place.
                        The Command for Wyoming marches to day. I have the honor to be Your Exellency’s Most Obdt servt

                            I. Shreve Col. Comdt

                     Enclosure

                                Dr Sir
                                Morristown Jany 6th 1781.

                            I received yours inclosing General Wayne’s to you, yesterday morning. It was undoubtedly bad policy to
                                send the Jersey troops from their encampment, unless with an evident design against the enemy. The cause of the
                                Pennsylvanians is, I fear too much considered as a just and common cause. The situation of the battalion I have the
                                command of is delicate, and I have the greatest reason to be apprehensive of consequences. Some men of the 1st
                                regiment have been trying to foment an insurrection they as yet have been altogether unsuccessful in the 2d and 3d.
                                The other officers and myself were up almost all last night expecting an attempt, but I now enjoy the happiness to
                                think that the party was small originally and could procure very few adherents. In order to create a diversion from
                                this unhappy affair, I have been advised and indeed it was my own opinion, to march the battalion to
                                Chatham. Their attention will more likely be fixed on the enemy. I march to
                                day and will quarter there this night. I think you had best avoid Morristown unless you are bound by orders. Nothing
                                from Gen: Wayne on the insurgents. I am, Sir, yours &c.

                                F. Barber Lieut. Colo.

                                Since closing my letter I am informed that the Pennsylvanians are stopped &
                                    are to come to terms.

                     Enclosure

                                    c.8 January 1781

                            A List of the men of Col. Spencer’s Regiment belonging to the Jersey Line, and where they Are,

                                     No.
                                    Names

                                    Where

                                    Serjt Elisha Stout

                                    Join’d the Jersey Brigade

                                    do Mapps

                                    Do

                                    do Barnet Moony

                                    Do

                                    do Josiah Hunt

                                    Do

                                    Corpl Johnston

                                    Do

                                    Dm. Joseph Squire

                                    Do

                                    Saml Morgan

                                    Do

                                    John Donaldson

                                    Do

                                    James Donaldson

                                    Do

                                    Norris Clark

                                    Do

                                    Thos Price

                                    Do

                                    Danl Britton

                                    Do

                                    Geo. Mount

                                    Do

                                    George Davis

                                    Do

                                    Hugh McConnel

                                    Do

                                    Gilbert Grohclass

                                    Do

                                    Henry Snyder

                                    Do

                                    Joseph Crawfoot

                                    Do

                                    Mathew Peirson

                                    Do

                                    James Holladay

                                    Do

                                    John White

                                    Do

                                    Daniel Lewis

                                    Do

                                    Henry Blarecom

                                    Do

                                    Abm Cole

                                    Do

                                    John Quick

                                    Do

                                    Andw Patterson

                                    Do

                                    Saml Newey

                                    Do

                                    David Young

                                    Do

                                    John Weatherhawk

                                    Do

                                    Elijah Tice

                                    Do

                                    31

                                        Peter Stephens

                                    Do

                                    Benjn Applegate

                                    Waiter on

                                    Lt Tallman,

                                    Stony Point

                                    Andrew Johnston

                                    Do

                                    Lt Micker

                                    Do

                                    Lewis Johnston

                                    Do

                                    Cl. Weatherby

                                    Do

                                        Benoni Peis

                                    Do

                                    Col. Spencer,

                                    Mendham

                                    Lewis Millsom

                                    Do

                                    Do

                                    Do

                                    John Bolton

                                    Do

                                    Major Burrowes

                                    Monmouth

                                    Mathew Smith

                                    Do

                                    Do

                                    Do

                                    John Leighton

                                    Do

                                    Lt Stagg A.A.G.

                                    New Windsor

                                    Barnardes Gorden

                                    Do

                                    Major Barber

                                    Wallkill

                                    Saml Pierson

                                    Do

                                    Lt Pemberton

                                    Mendham

                                    Anthony Parsile

                                    Do

                                    Doctr Dawsey

                                    Stony Point

                                    12

                                        Aaron Stiles

                                    Do

                                    Captn Sandford

                                    Do

                                    Joseph McPherson

                                    On Commd at Fish Kill after Cattle

                                    Phillip Cockran

                                    Sapper & Minor

                                    West Point

                                    John Devins

                                    On Comd at Fish Kill after Cattle

                                    Serjt Johnston

                                    Butcher at the Continental Village

                                    Corpl Albert Vookes

                                    Shoemaking at Stoney Point

                                    Isaac Loopes

                                    Left at Stoney Point

                                    7
                                    Wm Gorden

                                    Tayloring at Stoney Point

                                    Hendrick Johnston

                                    Sick Absent.
                                    Pensa. Hutts

                                    John Fisher

                                    Do

                                    Do

                                    Amos Day

                                    Do

                                    Do

                                    Henry Williams

                                    Do

                                    Do

                                    Benjn Wood

                                    Do

                                    Do

                                    James Thompson

                                    Do

                                    Do

                                    Henry Swiney

                                    Do

                                    Do

                                    Joseph Hedges

                                    Do

                                    Morris Town

                                    Seth Jewell

                                    Do

                                    Newark Mountains

                                    David Pierson

                                    Do

                                    Elizh Town

                                    11

                                        John Tyson

                                    Do

                                    Do Since 1777

                                    Pierson Green

                                    On Forlough expired some time

                                    Aaron Brink

                                    Do

                                    Wounded, at home in Sussex

                                    Cornelius Ball

                                    Do

                                    Lyons Farms, expired four Months

                                    Phillip Moss

                                    On Forlough at Warrack a Long time

                                    Isaac Bristed

                                    Do

                                    Wounded, at his home Sussex

                                    Henry Dow

                                    Do

                                    Do

                                    Do since Monmouth Battle

                                    7

                                        Samuel Deckey

                                    Do

                                    Do

                                    Do lost his Arm Germantown Battle

                                    Corpl Jno. Lane

                                    Not Accounted for

                                    2

                                        Jno. Goldsworthy

                                    in Monmouth Goal

                                    Micheal Meeker

                                    Deserted on his way hither from Stoney Point

                                    2
                                    David Scudder

                                    Do

                                    Do

                                    Do

                                    Serjts

                                    Corpls

                                    Dm

                                    Privts

                                    Joind Jersey Brigade

                                    4

                                    1

                                    1

                                    25

                                    Waiters, Absent

                                    "

                                    "

                                    "

                                    12

                                    On Commd. Military & Extra

                                    1

                                    1

                                    "

                                    5

                                    Sick absent

                                    "

                                    "

                                    "

                                    11

                                    on Forlough

                                    "

                                    "

                                    "

                                    7

                                    Not Accounted for & in Goal

                                    "

                                    1

                                    "

                                    1

                                    Deserted since they left Stoney Point

                                    “

                                        "

                                        "

                                        2

                                     Total

                                    5

                                    3

                                    1

                                    63

                                Israel Shreve Col. Comdt


Title: To George Washington from Friedrich Wilhelm Ludolf Gerhard Augustin, Baron [von] Steuben, 8 January 1781
From: Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm Ludolf Gerhard Augustin, Baron [von]
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Petersburgh Jany 8th 1781

                        I have waited a moments leisure from the hurry & confusion of these Eight days past to give Your
                            Excellency a Detail of the Enemys movements in this State.
                        So early as the 31st of Decembr, the Governor informed me of a Fleet of 27 sail having arrived at Willoby
                            point, in Consequence of which I immediately dispatched Colo. Senf, & one of my Aids de Camp, down the South side
                            of the River to procure intelligence of their Strength & destination.
                        General Nelson was sent out the same time down the North side, to act as circumstances might require,
                            notwithstanding these precautions we did not Receive the least intelligence till the 2d of Jany when the Governor informed
                            me that 19 Ships, 2 Brigs., & 10 sloops, & Schooners were in Wanasqueak Bay, and were geting under way to proceed
                            up the River, that they had a favorable wind, & that some captured Sailors, whom they had put on shore: reported
                            that their destination was for Petersburgh.
                        I immediately waited on the Governor & council, & requested that 4000 Militia might be
                            directly called in, Estimating the Enemies Force at 2500.
                        The distressed situation of the Troops at Chesterfield Court House would only permit 150 of
                            them to be ordered out, these I formed into a Battaln, & sent to Petersburgh to cover the Public Stores which I
                            Ordered to be removed; and sent Colo. Carrington there for that purpose, at the same time I took proper measures for the
                            removal of the Stores, & Hospital from Chesterfd in case the Enemy should move that way.
                        The next day "the 3d of Jany" we were advised of the Enemies arrival off Williamsburgh where Genl Nelson had
                            collected about 150 Militia, here a flag was sent with a letter, "Copy of which I have the Honor to inclose" to which
                            Genl Nelson returned a Verbal answer, That he would defend the Town. They landed a few Troops on James Town, but
                            Reembarked them again Immediately, and proceeded up the River. At Midnight, their foremost Ship passed Hoods, where we had
                            a Battery of two Iron 18 Pounders, & a Brass Howitz, Three shots were fired, two of which struck
                            the Vessels, on which the rest of the Fleet brought to, & a party landing below, the Militia about 70 evacuated the
                            Battery, & the Cannon &  Howitz fell into their hands—They burnt the Carriages of the Guns, & carried off the Howitz.
                        The 4th in the morning we recd intelligence that the Enemy’s Fleet lay off Westover, & were preparing
                            to disembark, it was then evident that their Object was Richmond, Orders were immediately Given for the removal of the
                            Public Stores to Westham As the Enemy had 25 miles to march before they reach’d the Town, I was in hopes a force
                            would collect sufficient at least to check their progress; but to my surprize, only 100 Men could be
                            Assembled, these were sent down under the Command of a State Major, to whom I gave Orders to harass the Enemy, by firing at them
                            from every favorable piece of Ground. These Orders were however illy executed. The Enemy moved that evening to 4 miles
                            Creek, where they Encamped about Eleven o’clock.
                        What few Continental stores were in Town I sent out to Westham having before Ordered Major Claiborne up the
                            River, to Collect Boats there to transport them across—I also ordered the 150 Contl Troops to march from Petersburgh,
                            and take a position opposite Westham to protect them, should the Enemy attempt to Cross the River. And Colo. Davies
                            having sent all the stores, & Hospital from Chesterfield, was Ordered to the Same place with the remainder of the
                            Troops.
                        The States Stores, of which great Quantities were in town, were under the direction of Colo.
                            Muter, Commissioner of the Board of War of this State, by whose inactivity and downright negligence,
                            great part were lost. Of their Artillery I secured my self five pieces which were mounted, the rest consisting of three
                            Brass and a  number of Iron pieces fell into the Enemies hands.
                        Not a single man, except those I had sent out, presenting himself to oppose the approach of the Enemy, I
                            thought it prudent to cross the River in the Evening, and took my Quarters in Manchester Next day about 12 o’Clock,
                            the Enemy took possession of the Town, having march’d 25 miles with 850 Men, & about 30 Horse without
                            receiving a single shot. They left about 500 Men in Town & proceeded immediately with the rest to Westham, where they
                            Curnt all the Public Buildings, consisting of a Foundery, with a Boring Mill, a Powder Magazine. and
                            several other small Buildings, and returned to Richmond the same evening, the Continental Stores had been all sent across
                            the River, & some orf the State Stores, but what part was left I have not yet learnt.About 300 Militia had
                            arrived at Westham on their way down, & arms were Actually recrossing for them, but hearing of the Enemy’s approach,
                            & being without Arms, they dispersed.
                        Next morning I ordered the Battln of Continental Troops, to which I had attached two of the state
                            Field pieces, to Manchester where there were about 200 Militia Collected, with these I intended to oppose any attempts
                            they might make to cross, they however did not attempt it, but about eleven o’Clock began to set fire to the Public
                            Buildings, &before one had Entirely quitted the Town, they burnt the Rope Walk, Work shops, & two or three Public
                            Stores.In the morning two of the Inhabitants came out with propositions from Arnold, to pay for half the Tobacco; on their
                            giving Hostages for the delivery of the whole, to Vessels which would be Sent for it:The Governor refused his Consent, &
                            as they came out with a pass from Arnold and not a flag, I refused them permission to return.  The
                            Tobacco was however left unhurt, As most of the Inhabitants had left Town, the Houses in general were plundered.
                        The Enemy march’d that night to their former Position at 4 ile Creek where they Encamped, & Yesterday
                            got to Westover. On their return great Excesses were committed by stragling parties.
                        As there were great Quantites of Grain, & Flour at Mills near Warwick, I marched my little force in the
                            Evening of the 6th to that Place, Yesterday I advanced to Osbornes, & this day arrived here, where I find about 400 Militia
                            Collected under Colo. Gibson, who I had ordered to take the Command, in the absence of Generals Weedon & Muhlenberg, to
                            whom I wrote on the first Intimation of the Enemys approach, but have not heard of them. The public stores of which great
                            Quantities were in this Town are all removed by the great Exertions of Colo. Carrington assisted by Colo. Gibson, &
                            Yesterday Genl Smallwood arrived here on his way to Mary land, but Stop’d, & has been so Obliging as to Afford us his
                            assistance. Some Vessels of the Enemy were sent up this River Yesterday to take or destroy some Merchant Vessels laying there,  but by the dispositions Genl Smallwood made with the Militia, & Some Ship guns,
                            they were obliged to desist from their Enterprize.
                        Genl Nelson was during this time endeavouring to Collect the Militia on the North side of James River; the
                            3d he was twelve miles  above Williamsburgh with 175 Men, the next day he moved 4 miles higher up, & wrote me that he Expected to
                            have 350 Men by the 5th at noon. on the 7th he wrote me from Long Bridge on Chickahomonny River, that the Enemy were moving down to
                            their shiping, & that the rain the preceeding Night had rendered his Troops unfit for immediate Action.in fact,
                            the Enemy returned, as they went, without having a single shot fired at them, & have lain quietly at Westover in a scattered manner all this
                            day.
                        As the stores are all removed from hence, & a considerable force of Militia collected, I do not imagine the
                            Enemy will attempt this )lace. I have Some hopes of being able to annoy them from Hoods, on their Return, the River there is
                            very narrow, but we have no Guns, I have sent to have those which were there remounted, & shall march there myself
                            with all the Militia I can arm, so soon as I hear the Enemy are on their return.
                        The greatest distress we now feel is the want of Arms, great part of those belonging to the State were damaged by the Militia during the last Invasion, they were scattered at different places & never Collected, or repaired, Those which were at Richd were in the Approach of the Enemy, sent of in such disorder, that part of them are not yet found.
                        The Militia are now Coming in & no Arms to put in their hands, whilst on the other side, Gen. Nelson
                            has 1500 Stand of Arms & not 500 Men—I cannot conclude without mentioning to Your Excellency how much I am indebted to Col. Davis, & Lt
                            Col. Carrington, for their assistance in this occasion. I have the Honor to be with the greatest Respect Your Excellency’s Most
                            devoted Hbl. Servt

                            Steuben

                     Enclosure

                            A Copy of Arnold’s Letter
                                Sir
                                On Board His Mty’s Ship Hope, Jany 2d 1781

                            Having the honor to Command a Body of his Majesty’s Troops, Sent for the protection of his Loyal Subjects
                                in this Country, I am surprized to observe the hostile appearances of the Inhabitants under Arms on Shore, I have
                                therefore Sent Lieut. White, with a Flag of Truce, to be informed of their Intentions. If they are to offer
                                    atain Opposition to the Troops under my Command, in their Landing, they must be answerable
                                for the Consequences.
                            At the Same Time I think it my Duty to declare I have not the least Intention to injure the peaceable
                                inhabitants in their persons, or property, but that Every thing Supplied the Troops by them shall be punctually paid
                                for. I am sir Your most humble servant

                                B. Arnold Brig. Genl


Title: From George Washington to Anthony Wayne, 8 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Wayne, Anthony

                            Dear Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Jany 8th 1781

                        I have received your favor of the 4th with the inclosures, by the Express, the Evening before last—I had been
                            deliberating in my own mind, whether to continue at this place, or set out for Prince Town, but am advised by the Governor
                            of this State, and the General Officers with me (and which seems to be consonant to your opinion also) to remain here. As
                            the ultimate measures might probably be taken before I could arrive, and as the personal influence of yourself, and the
                            Gentlemen with you, together with that of the Governor and Council of the State, might effect
                            whatever could be done in that way. I am now happy to inform you the Troops at the Several Posts in this Vicinity
                            continue still quiet, without giving indications of outrage or defection.
                        At this distance, and under your present circumstances, it is impossible to recommend (if advice could reach
                            you in time) any particular line of conduct, but only in general to observe, that such measures founded in justice, and a
                            proper degree of generosity, as will have a tendency to conciliate or divide the Men, appear most likely to succeed.
                            Certain it is, that should they finally go to the Enemy, they will be a considerable augmentation of strength against us:
                            or should they be dispersed, their loss to the service will be severely felt—both these evils are therefore to be avoided,
                            if there is any proper ground on which it can be done—The circumstances of the moment will point out the measures
                            necessary to be pursued; taking into view at the same time the consequences which will be involved, with respect to the
                            other Troops, who are nearly in the same situation.
                        I have such entire confidence in the zeal, ability, and influence of the Gentlemen concerned in the
                            negotiation; let the issue be what it may, I shall have the consolation of believing that whatever could be done on the
                            occasion, has been faithfully and strenuously attempted. I am Dear Sir With very great regard & esteem Your Most
                            Obedient Humble Servant

                            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Anthony Wayne, 8 January 1781
From: Wayne, Anthony
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General
                            Prince Town 8th Jany 1781

                        Your favor of the 3rd with a poscript dated the 4th at 7 OClock a.m. by Major Fishbourn came to hand last
                            evening, the manner in which your Excellency had been pleased to Approve of the Conduct of the Officers in General, and
                            ours in particular, affords a Sensation which words can not express.
                        It would have afforded us Infinite pleasure, had fortune put it into our power to Inform you that this Alarming
                            affair, was happily terminated.
                        We are fully of Opinion that a total Dissolution of the Pennsa Line—or an Order to Disband the Whole,
                            is more Advisable, than to Admit the Unreasonable Claims of these Mutineers, or even to Adopt
                            the terms herewith sent, which you will find rejected upon their part, they have been stimulated to this, by the Inclosed
                            Overtures from the Enemy, which came into our hands in the following manner Vizt.
                        About 4 OClock yesterday morning we were waked by two Sergts who produced a letter from the Enemy, Inclosed
                            in a small piece of tea lead—they also brought under Guard two Caitiffs, who undertook to
                            deliver it to the Leaders of the mall Contents; One of these Culprits, says he is a Sergt in O’Dells new raised Corps and
                            was promised a Considerable reward on bringing back an answer, The Soldiery in General Affect to spurn at the Idea of
                            turning Arnolds (as they express it)—we have used every Address to Inflame their minds against
                            Wretches—who would dare to Insult them by Imagining them traitors—for had they thought them
                            Virtuous, they would not have carried those Overtures.
                        They hold them in Mort Main & should they yet agree to Govr Reeds Terms—will probably sacrifice them as a peace Offering to
                            their Country, on the Contrary they will be spared and Rewarded however their Conduct on the last Occasion, thus far
                            appears favorable, could we prevail upon them to execute these people as Spies—it would
                            effectually shut the Door against further negociation with the Enemy—but whilst they continue to hold them alive, it gives
                            us ground to wish ourselves and the Line in the Vicinity of Trent Town, Notwithstanding any assurances they continue to give
                            us of Opposing the Enemy at every expense of blood under our Conduct, should they Land and Attempt to Advance in the
                            Jersey. We have the Honor to be with every Sentiment of Esteem Your Excellency’s Most Obedt & very Huml. Serts

                            Anty Wayne

                            N.B. Genl Irvine is just arrived & now with us—the Enemy have not given over all hopes of
                                succeeding with our people—an other letter of the Same tenor with the Copy you have Inclosed came to hand to day—7
                                OClock P.M.
                            The troops have this moment agreed to move for Trent town agreeable to Govr Reeds proposiels—& to
                                bring the two Caitiffs as prisoners.

                     Enclosure

                                Princetown Jany 7th 1781

                            His Excellency Joseph Reed Esqr. Governor & the honble Brigadier Genl Potter of the Supreme
                                Executive Council of the State of Pennsa having heard the Complaints of the Soldiers; as represented by the Serjeants,
                                informs them that they are fully authorised to redress reasonable Grievances & they have the fullest
                                distinctions to make them as easy and happy as Possible for which end they propose.
                            1st that no Non Commissioned officer or Soldier shall be detained beyond the time for wch he freely
                                & Voluntarily engaged, but where they appear to have been in any respect compelled to enter or sign, such
                                Instruments to be deemed void & the Soldier discharged.
                            2d, To settle who are, or are not bound to stay, three Persons to be appointed by the President &
                                Council, who are to examine into the Terms of enlistment, when the original Inlistments, cannot be found, the
                                Soldiers Oaths to be admited to prove the time & Terms of Inlistment, and the Soldier to be discharged when
                                his Oath of the Conditions of Inlistment.
                            3rdly Wherever any Soldier has inlisted for three Years or during the War, he is to be discharged unless
                                he shall appear afterwards to have reinlisted voluntary & freely—the Gratuity of 100 dollars given by
                                Congress, not to be reckoned as a bounty, or any Man to be detained in Consequence of receiving that Gratuity, The
                                Commissioners to be appointed by the President & Council to adjust any difficulties which may arise on this
                                Article also.
                            4th The auditors to attend as soon as possible to settle the depreciations with the Soldiers &
                                give them Certificates—Their Arrearages of Pay to be made up as soon as Circumstances will admit.
                            5th A Pair of Shoes overhalls & Shirts will be delivered out to each Soldier, in a few days as
                                they are already purchased & ready to be sent forward, whenever the Line shall be settled.
                            Those who are discharged to receive the above Articles at Trenton producing the Generals discharge. The
                                Governor hopes that no Soldier of the Pennsyva line will brake his Bargain or go from the Contract made wth the
                                Public & and they may depend upon it that the utmost Care will be taken to furnish them with every necessary
                                fitting for a Soldier—The Governor will recommend to the State to take some favourable Notice of those who engaged for
                                the War.
                            The Commissioners will attend at Trenton when the Clothing & the Stores will be immediately
                                brought & the Regiments to be settled with in their order.
                            A Field officer of each Regiment to attend during the Settlement of his Regiment, pursuant to Genl Waynes
                                Order of the 2d Instant.
                            No Man to be brought to any Tryal or Censure for what has happened on or since New-Years day, but all
                                Matter to be buried in Oblivion.

                                SignedJos. Reed, President
                                Jas Potter.

                     Enclosure

                                    c.7 January 1781

                            It having been Reported at New York, that the Penna Troops, and others, having been defrauded by Congress of
                                their pay, Cloathing, and Provisions; are assembled for a Redress of their Grievances, and also, that notwithstanding
                                the terms of their Inlistments are Expir’d, they have been forcibly detain’d in the service, where they have suffer’d
                                every kind of Misery, and Oppression.
                            They are now offer’d to be taken under the Protection of the British Government, to have their Rights
                                Restor’d, after Pardon for all past offences, and that the pay due Them from the Congress faithfully paid them—without any
                                Expectation of Military Service, Except it may be Voluntary.
                            Upon their Laying down their Arms, And Returning to their Allegiance, for which purpose if they will send
                                Commissionners Amboy; they will then be met by People impower’d to treat with them, and faith shall be pleg’d for
                                their Security.
                            It is recommended to them, for their own Safety, to move behind South River, and whenever they Request
                                it, a Body of British Troops shall protect them.
                            It is Needless to Point out the Inability as well as want of Inclination in Congress to relieve them, or
                                to tell them the Severity’s that will be us’d by the rebel Leaders toward them, should they think
                                of returning to their former Servitude.
                            It will be prov’d to the Commissioners they choose to send, that the Authority from whence this comes, is
                                sufficient to Insure the performance of the above Proposals.
                            To the Person appointed by the Penna Troops, to Lead them in the present Struggle, for their Libertys and
                                Rights.

                                A true Copy. W: Stewart Colo.

                                Copy of a Message from the Committee of Serjeants to General Wayne Sign’d Jany 6th 1781.
                                Sir,
                                These articles of Cloathing which You have mention’d yesterday to our Board, would tend to a great
                                    Pacification, if you Could procure them as early as Possible, as the men in General is in great Want, And profound
                                    necessity for the same, and therefore should be glad, how soon You could send us an Answer, in how short a time You
                                    can procure them. Sign’d by the board

                                Wm Bowzer Secy

                                Genl Waynes Ansr to the Within Message
                                When General Wayne is assurd that the terms offer’d by him the 4th Inst. will be complied with, on the
                                    part of the Non Commissiond Officers, and Privates, of the Pena Line; He will take the proper measures to procure
                                    an Immediate, and full Supply of Shirts, Shoes, Socks And Overalls.

                                A True Copy. W: Stewart Colo.


Title: General Orders, 9 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To:

                             Tuesday January 9 1781.
                            Parole
                            Countersigns—

                        All the Tents of the Army are to be delivered to the Quarter Master General who will have them washed cleaned
                            and repair’d such as are irreparable or as many of them as will answer the purpose he is to reserve to make cases for the
                            Camp Kettles that they may not grease and injure the soldiers cloaths as they will next Campaign be obliged to carry their
                            own Kettles.
                        Commanding Officers of Corps will be particularly careful in seeing that the Tents are all given in to the
                            Quarter-master General.


Title: From George Washington to Nathanael Greene, 9 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Greene, Nathanael

                            Dear Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Jany 9th-11 1781

                        I have been duly favored with your Letters of the 7th and 8th of December, together with the Returns of the Army
                            under your command.
                        It is impossible for any one to sympathize more feelingly with you, in the sufferings and distresses of
                            the Troops than I do: and nothing could aggravate my unhappiness so much as the want of ability to remedy or even
                            alleviate the calamities they suffer, and in which we participate but too largely—None of the Cloathing so long
                            expected from France has yet arrived, we are compelled therefore to have recourse to the States and the supplies are very
                            inadequate to our wants—Should the French Cloathing be brought in, you may depend upon having a full proportion of it—You
                            will be persuaded in the meantime, that I am perfectly sensible, of the innumerable embarrassments and hardships you
                            have to struggle with, in such an exhausted Country, and that I should be happy to be able to afford the wished relief.
                        The brilliant action of General Sumpter and the stratagem of Colonel Washington deserve great
                            commendation—it gives me inexpressible pleasure to find that such a spirit of enterprize & intrepedity still
                            prevails.
                        I was much surprised that any dispute about rank was like to arise between the Baron Steuben and General
                            Smallwood—Nor can I conceive upon what principles the latter can found his claim of seniority: for if the date of his Commission is to be carried back to any given period previous to his appointment; it may
                            supersede not only that of the Officer now in question, but many others, and indeed derange and throw into confusion the
                            rank of the whole line of Major Generals—But as the services of the Baron may be extremely necessary in Virginia, it may
                            not be amiss for him to continue there, ’till the principles of Major General Smallwood on the subject, are more clearly
                            ascertained, and a dicision is made by Congress, if the dispute cannot be otherwise determined.
                        The preposterous conduct of those concerned in releasing instead of exchanging the Prisoners lately taken to
                            the Southward is really astonishing. I had entertained hopes that a considerable number of our Prisoners in Charles Town
                            might have been obtained for them—In this quarter an extensive exchange has taken place, we have few Officers and no
                            Privates remaining in the hands of the Enemy.
                        I advised you on the 2d Inst. of the sailing of a fleet from New York with about 1600 Troops on board:
                            Nothing has been heard respecting it since.
                        I am extremely sorry to inform you of the defection of the Pennsylvania Line: On the first instant a mutiny was
                            raised by the on Commissioned Officers & Soldiers, in attempting to quell it in the first instance several lives
                            were lost—The Mutineers moved off to Princes Town with their Arms & six Pieces of Artillery, under pretext of marching to
                            Philadelphia in a Brigade to demand a redress of their grievances; but they cannot be induced by Genl Wayne who has come to them, to
                            pass the Delaware—Their demands are exorbitant & tend to the immediate dissolution of the Line. On the contrary unless
                            complied with, there is great danger of their falling to the Enemy, who have sent Emissaries to tamper with them. All reason, authority & personal influence seem to be lost on them—God only knows what will be the consequence, or what can be done, in this critical dilemma— It is however a happy circumstance, that the remainder of the Troops have given no signs of defection, ‘tho it
                            is uncertain how far they would act against those in revolt. I am Dear Sir With very great regard & esteem Your Most Obedient Humble Servent

                            G: Washington

                            P.S. Jany 11th 7 OClock A.M. I cannot suffer the Post to depart, without adding the favorable
                                intelligence last night recd by Express from Trenton—The Pennsylvanians have given an unequivocal & decided Mark of
                                attachment to our cause, & detestation of the Enemy’s conduct, by delivering up their Agents sent by Genl Clinon to treat with
                                them, together with his guide & papers. A Court Martial is ordered for his trial—These are favorable indications that
                                the affair may yet be happily settled.


Title: From George Washington to John Hancock, 9 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Hancock, John

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor 9th Jan.y 1781.

                        I have been honored with your Excellency’s favors of the 17th of November and 22d of December. The first by
                            some accident, had gone forward to Philadelphia and only reached me, by the post from thence, the 7th inst. Your
                            Excellency will have had good reason to suppose me guilty of neglect in not  answering, sooner, so polite a renewal, on your
                            part, of the correspondence which had been maintained between us while you presided in Congress. Independant of personal
                            regard, I am extremely happy in seeing you elected to your present dignified station, as, from my knowledge of your
                            attention to public business, I am assured that every measure which is committed to your care, will be zealously promoted
                            and pointedly executed.
                        I am at a loss in what manner to comply with the Act of the Honble the House of Representatives of the 16th
                            of Novemr calling for a return of all the Arms and Accoutrements that have been taken from the Men of the State of
                            Massachusetts and no compensation made therefore. I know of the detention of no Arms since the dissolution of the first
                            Army in 1775, and they were paid for. There may have been partial stoppages since, but so great has been the change of
                            Officers, that I doubt whether it will be possible to ascertain facts with any degree of accuracy. I will however make
                            inquiry among the Officers who have been longest and most constantly with the army, and see whether a Return can now be
                            obtained, by which Justice may be done to the public as well as to individuals. I have the honor to be with the greatest
                            Respect and Esteem Your Excellency’s most obt and humble Servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Armand-Louis de Gontaut Biron, duc de Lauzun, 9 January 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Lauzun, Armand-Louis de Gontaut Biron, duc de

                            SirHead Quarters New Windsor Janry 9th 1781

                        I had the honor to receive the Packet from the Count De Rochambeau addressed to the Chevalier De la Luzerne,
                            last Evening; which I forwarded early this Morning by a safe conveyance: And was happy in having an opportunity to assure
                            you, With how much regard & esteem I am Sir Your Most Obedient & Humble Servant.