Title: To George Washington from Landon Carter, May 1756
From: Carter, Landon
To: Washington, George

Dr Sir
[May 1756]

The bearer of this will God willing be my son Landon whose inclinations for the Army have been before discovered but then I had no relish for it because I foresaw in the Number of Masters and one ignorant director many things would fall to an officers lot to account for when every truth received no credit that should be admitted for misadventure for these reasons I put him by but now under an Association where the whole body are evidences and the world only their judges thro’ impertinence I have given him leave and would recommend him to a little of yr respect ’tho I would not have you be particular in any instance least it might raise the jealousy of others, altho. I must at the same time tell you that it will puzzle you to avoid it for without ever once I believe endeavouring at it he is become the favorite of every acquaintance by a mild easy, familiar and inoffensive way, a Youth of great tempers great Virtue and great resolution will Always find a friend and yo. may tell Peachey if he is in the way that he may shew that Landon and he are acquainted without giving offense.
Your letter got to me yesterday that you wrote in answer to mine of the 21. April I am glad to find yo. and I correspond that as to the present time twould be unseasonable to shew too great resentment and I can’t help bidding yo. still reflect that it must be some misrepresentation God knows where and how founded that has occasiond so many letters from yr Corps as if all were affected with the Poison of one babling tongue or rather as if there was not one rake or debauchée ever heard of in an army. Some are very daring, charging the Country with ingratitude, boasting of their great toil, and willingness, to serve her

when they had ease and plenty at home, and telling her that tho. she ought have boasted of her gratitude to her Sons of Valour yet now she has canceld and effac’d every pretence to such a claim—surely Sr These fellows write letters With the points of their Swords & Seal them with pistol bullets—truely—truely I laugh at such stuff if it not babling for babling. This made many friends to yr Corps ashamed that their imprudent Corespondents should shew them about and at a time when the Regiment was Augmenting and a Memorial was preparing to move his majesty to take it under his protection and recommending the Officers to his gracious favour there is some attonement due for this and were I the judge it should be a fine of five Indian scalps for every letter that wore such a Complexion and when all comes to All as the saying is who believd it Perhaps one man in a hundred.
As to Want of Regulation in the method of providing I have been sensible of it but it has all along been owing to want of experience. had Virga from first to last one man in it that was not obligd to guess at the way and then clear it or stumble as he went Certainly no. You were Compelld to grope in the dark and Now necessity giving a Glimps of the proper methods, we are really so poor as not to provide cash enough to execute yr plan altho. tis a good one in short she has been a neglected Colony by her mother Country and had there been a more active King on the Throne of France they must have made a Conquest of it long agoe—should we talk of obliging men to serve their Country yo. are sure to have a fellow mumble over the words Liberty & Property a thousand times Sr I think as You do I have endeavourd tho’ not in the field yet in the Senate as much as Possible to convince the Country of danger and they know it but like Stingy creatures they are willing to wait for rains to wet the Powder and Rats to eat the bow strings of the enemy rather than attempt to drive them from their Frontiers perhaps when they are at their gates they may be more thoughtfull—These considerations sent out the Patriot blues and if they are not lucky themselves it will not have the effect for altho. the law does now in a manner give £10 a man for inlisting I fear next monday altho. I have but twenty to find in Richmond that I shall be obligd to hunt the swamps for them as you do Indians

—If yo. can read this tis as much as yo. can I write with an uneasy head and let my pen run as it will perhaps it is the word I mean but ten to one it is not. My best Wishes attend yo. I am Yr most humble Servt

Landon Carter

P.S. Daniel Williams a brother to the Lieut. is one enlisted under the last Act & so is Hendren & the Others from Richmond & they desire me to inform yo. that their time expires the 1st Decr Next—I should be Glad they could be under Peachey I beleive they will be have well.


Title: Orders, 1 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Integrity.
Winchester: Tuesday, June 1st 1756.

The Company of artificers being intended to assist in building a Fort at this place, are to do no Duty as Soldiers—They are to get their Tools in order, and go to work to-morrow morning.
A Return to be given in immediately of all the men fit for Duty in Town; mentioning those who are good Carpenters.
His Honour, Governour Dinwiddie, has approved of the Sentence of the General Court martial, held here the eighteenth day of may last, whereof Captain Woodward was President—

which was of opinion, that James Thomas and Henry Campbell (for Desertion) should suffer death—But he has been pleased, upon James Thomas’s former good behaviour, to pardon him—through Colonel Washingtons Recommendation.


Title: To George Washington from Samuel Cobbs and Thomas Tabb, 1 June 1756
From: Cobbs, Samuel,Tabb, Thomas
To: Washington, George

Sir
Amelia County June 1st 1756

We have this day Sent twenty Seven Soldiers Inlisted the twenty Sixth day of last Month, under the Comand of Majr Wood Jones to be delivered to the Officer appointed by the Govr to receive them at Fredricksburg. the whole Number Inlisted Voluntarily. Most of them are Men of Midling fortunes and were in good Bussiness and we beleive go with a hearty desire to Serve their Country. many being Carpenters must be usefull on the present occation. Richard Rogers and four of his Apprentises are in the Number and has desired us to interseed with you that they may be kept together, and we do in a particular manner recomend to your favour Saml Sherwin[,] Thomas Easley and Robert Woodlief as Men deserving your notice, and if convenient and agreeable to you they desire they may all be in one Company that they may be well used we are Sure you will endeavour. That there has been complaints against some officers you are not a Stranger to, and should these Men have just cause to complain It will deter others from Inlisting hereafter. We heartily wish you well, and are Sir Your Most obedient and Humble Servants

Saml Cobbs
Thomas Tabb


Title: To George Washington from Robert Dinwiddie, 1 June 1756
From: Dinwiddie, Robert
To: Washington, George

Sir
Williamsburg June 1st 1756

The Bearer hereof Mr Richd Baker has been very active in getting Men from the Isle of White County & unless he had engag’d to go with them none wou’d have enlisted, his Friends have applied to me for a Commission, which I cou’d not regularly give, not knowing what Vacancies may be. I therefore take this Method of recommending him to You, & if You can fill up a Vacancy by giving him a Commission, it shall be approv’d of by me. I remain Sir Your most humble Servt

Robt Dinwiddie


Title: Orders, 2 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Knowledge.
Winchester: Wednesday, June 2d 1756.

Captain Bell and his men are to march immediately to Conogochieg—Captain Peachy and Charles Lewis Lieutenants Bullet and Lowry; Ensigns Hubbard and McCarty, are to remain in town: The rest of the Officers are to set out immediately for Fredericksburgh.
Colonel Washington will receive the Draughts which arrived here yesterday. They are to be drawn up at five o’clock this afternoon for that purpose.


Title: From George Washington to Robert Stewart, 2 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Stewart, Robert

[Winchester, 2 June 1756]
To Captain Robert Stewart. of the Light-Horse, at Conogochieg. Sir,

I received yours, and observe the contents: The Bearer

added, that seven other Indians were seen. This I gave no credit to, as it was not certified in the Letter.
The Assembly have resolved that their Troops shall not march out of the Colony: whether this is binding on the whole, or only the Draughts, I know not; therefore I would not advise your going into Maryland, unless it be to procure some manifest advantage to Virginia; in keeping the Enemy out of it &c. To range for and search them in another province, I can not think consistent with the intention of the Assembly. Nor is it the design of the Assembly or Governor—as the men are raised solely for the Defence of the Colony, and not acting in conjunction with other Corps; that Governor Sharpe, or his Officers, shou’d have any connection with them. You are therefore to pay no regard to any orders that you may ⟨r⟩eceive from him or any other than the Governor of Virginia, myself, or your Superior officers in the Virginia Regiment. The instant this comes to hand dispatch Captain Gist to this place, that he may settle his recruiting accompt before I go to Williamsburgh. I only wait his arrival, and shall do it impatiently, unless he is expeditious—His stay here may be long: Perhaps he may be ordered to accompany the Associators—therefore he should order his things to follow him.
Captain Bell, with all his men that are here, sets out to-day to join you—Let Sergeant Hughes’s Recruits be sent to this place in their room.
The Pay master attends Captain Bell and will pay off all the Recruits to the first of May—He will also pay Sergeant Hughes’s recruiting accompt: and from thence will proceed to Williamsburgh to meet me. Yours &c.

G:W.
June 2d 1756.


Title: From George Washington to George Beall, 2 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Beall, George

[Winchester, 2 June 1756]
To Colonel Bell. Storekeeper, at Rock-Creek. Sir,

I have Governor Dinwiddie’s orders to remove the Cannon &c. from Rock-creek to Winchester: In consequence thereof, I have ordered down ten waggons for that purpose: and desire that you will deliver them and all the appurtenances thereunto belonging; together with about five hundred weight of Rice or Barley: as I understand, a large quantity of one or the other was lodged in the Stores under your care.
I expect you will pay due regard to this Order; which will oblige Your humble Servant,

G:W.

N:B. All the Cannon are to be first sent; and if there is room for more weight, put in the Rice; and then complete the Loads, with the appurtenances belonging to the Cannon.
Winchester, June 2d 1756.


Title: From George Washington to Peter Hog, 2 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Hog, Peter

[Winchester, 2 June 1756]
To Captain Peter Hogg. of the Virginia Regiment. Sir,

I herewith send you three hundred and eighty-nine pounds, ten shillings, to pay off your company until the first of July; by Mr Jones, who is desired to send an Express (who you are to pay) immediately, to let you know of it: Upon which you must send an Officer and a proper Guard to receive it. Major Lewis received cash to pay off the arrears of all your Company. Whilper can not expect to receive pay, as he left the Service in such a manner—How happened it that you should have more arrears due than the other officers? You may discharge Henry Kelly: and, if Bridgen will get a good man, it will be best to get quit of him; as he has such an encumbrance with him—Commissary Walker sends you fifty pounds to pay for Provisions, &c. for your company. I am &c.

G:W.
June 2d 1756.


Title: Memorandum, 3–4 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

[Winchester, 3–4 June 1756]

Thomas Sword and Edward Evans, two Soldiers enlisted by Captain Gist, upon being proved to be Servants belonging to

John Clarke, in Baltimore-County, Maryland, are discharged from the Service.


Title: From George Washington to William Cocks, 4 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Cocks, William

[Winchester, 4 June 1756]
To Captain William Cockes—of the Rangers. Sir,

I received yours, complaining of the irregular method of supplying you with provisions; and communicated the contents to Commissary Walker, who writes you on this head: His directions you must follow You must make out an accompt of the pay which is owing to you, and transmit it to me per the first opportunity. Take care to be very vigilant and active; and to communicate all the intelligence that is remarkable and certain. You must always, upon any alarm, have regard to the summons of each other; and to unite on all extraordinary occasions. Endeavour at working by stratagem; to way-lay and surprize the Enemy; rather than seek them in an open pursuit.
I was greatly surprized and angered to hear of the dastardly behaviour of seven of your men, who fled from a less number of the Enemy, without discharging their pieces. Such behaviour merits the fate that some of our men [(]for the like offence) will soon meet with. and, you may assure your company that they shall not escape unpunished for such Offences. Your parties that go for provision, should always be made strong. I am &c.

G:W.
Winchester—June 4th 1756.


Title: From George Washington to Henry Peyton, 4 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Peyton, Henry

To Colon. Henry Peyton, of the Prince-William Militia. Sir,
[Winchester, 4 June 1756]

I was pleased to hear of your alertness in marching to Pattersons Creek upon the last alarm; and doubt not but you will continue to be vigilant and active in the service of your Country; as that is the most certain road to merit applause. I am informed that Mr Parker continues on his place, and has a quantity of Grain: If this be true, I would advise that a party of about twenty or twenty-five men and an officer, be sent to his assistance—and that you would upon all alarms, endeavour to collect yourselves into such formidable Bodies as can not be hurt—and rather waylay and act by stratagem, that attempt to pursue—and find if possible their Sleeping places, and surprize them at night.
The enclosed I must desire you to forward—as well as all expresses that are sent to me, with the greatest expedition. I am &c.

G:W.
Winchester, June 4th 1756.


Title: To George Washington from John Baylor, 7 June 1756
From: Baylor, John
To: Washington, George

Dear Sir
New Market June the 7th 1756

I should be guilty of the blackest Ingratitude did I not duly acknowledge the many Civilities I rec’d from you when in Winchester where I would often visit you far as it is were not my Presence at this Season of the year absolutely necessary on my Plantan. With great Reluctance I have heard that many of our Militia have deserted I shall pursue every necessary Step to have them apprehended & reconvey’d to you.
My Compts to all the Gentln Officers particularly Capt. Mercer whose Behaviour I was glad to find differ so widely from a Representation given them by some of our wise or rather wrong headed legislative Body. Proud I am to hear Majr Stevens answers the Char[acte]r I gave you of him & that he may persevere in his Assiduity will be very agreeable to Dear Sr Yr most Obedt &c.

J. Baylor


Title: From George Washington to Beverley Robinson, 11 June 1756 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Robinson, Beverley

Letter not found: to Beverley Robinson, 11 June 1756. On 23 July 1756 Robinson wrote to GW: “Your favour of the 11th of June I Rcd.”


Title: To George Washington from Peter Hog, 14 June 1756
From: Hog, Peter
To: Washington, George

Sir
Fort Dinwiddie 14th June 1756

Inclosed are the Returns of the Company Untill this date that goes by the party for the pay. It is strange that Majr Lewis should Mistake his Instructions in refusing to pay arrears to any but the Men originally belonging to his Company. Lt Collo. Stevens who was pay mastr at that time can Inform you how I Came to have 2 Mos. Arrears due more than the other officers vizt from 29th Octr till 29th Decr pray Let me know where I

am to Apply for the payment of that, as well as the Arrears due to my former Company, as most of it is owing to Majr Carlile for goods Advanced them & he Complains of Lying out of his money. I formerly Sent under Cover to you the pay Rolls for Jany & Decr Last in mine dated 3d February, and at same time the Accot of Debursements to the Commisy to him directed tho. both he & the pay Mastr Write as if they had never Recd them advise if the sd Lettr Came to hand. I am Sir Your Very hume Servt

Petr Hog

P:S. the Men are Importunate to know when they are to Receive their Cloaths & Serjt McCully how he is to be reimbursed for his Expences after the Deserters the accot I inclosed in mine of 3d February. P:H:


Title: To George Washington from Robert Dinwiddie, 18 June 1756
From: Dinwiddie, Robert
To: Washington, George

Sir
Williamsburg June 18th 1756

I desire You to send me a List of the Volunteers ⟨You are⟩ to appoint to the Vacancies in Your Regiment—& the Number of Draughts from the Militia, which I am sorry to think will be much fewer than I expected.
As the Regimt will be pretty much divided in Forts &ca I thot it proper & necessary to appoint Mr Boyd the Pay-Mr, Muster Master, by which on paying the Men he will be able to make an exact return of each Company to You, & in course will be a Check to the Officers to keep their Companies as compleat as possible.
I wish You Health & Success in Your Operations & I am Sir Your most humble Servt

Robt Dinwiddie


Title: Orders, 19 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

—Fairfax.
Winchester—Saturday, June 19th 1756.

A court martial to sit immediately to try all prisoners that shall be brought before them. Captain Woodward—President.

                  Lieutenant Bullet
                  }
                  Members
                  {
                  Lieutenant Brockenbrough

                  Ensign Milner
                  Ensign Weedon

The Prisoner, Campbell, now under sentence of Death, (with the following prisoners, to be moved from the Guard-House to the Goal vizt). Lockhart, Pritchard and Yates—where the officer of the Guard is to order proper centries over them—and is likewise to visit them frequently both day and night; and examine their chains narrowly.
Lieutenant Brockenbrough for Guard to-morrow.


Title: From George Washington to Robert Stewart, 19 June 1756 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Stewart, Robert

Letter not found: to Robert Stewart, 19 June 1756. On 20 June 1756 Stewart wrote to GW: “I last night had the pleasure of receiving your favours of Yesterday.”


Title: Orders, 20 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

—London.
Winchester—Sunday, June 20th 1756.

Officers of Companies to see their men divided into proper messes which are to consist of six or seven men each—and the Officer to be present at the serving of each mess, to prevent the men being wronged in making their divisions: as there have been several complaints of that kind made by the men.


Title: From George Washington to John Carlyle, 20 June 1756 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Carlyle, John

Letter not found: to John Carlyle, 20 June 1756. On 22 Jan. 1757 Carlyle wrote to GW: “. . . Yr Letter of June The 20th.”


Title: Enclosure: William Hughes to Robert Stewart, 12 February 1756
From: Hughes, William
To: Stewart, Robert

Dear Sr
Watkinses Ferry Febury the 12th 1756

I wrote to you on Sunday Concerning the Imbaselment of the Stores which I have Recoverd and am going to Serch and to have men upon tryal this day Concerning the Loss with Lieut. Lomax which I have great Reason to think will be found out, Mr Rollins as one of the Soldiers was standing Centurie at the Barn Came & leand over him & Looked at the flower and said it was almost gone & that if Lomaxs was their he would not want for that nor Beef Neither & if the said Elliot would get him some flower that he would give him 1d. ½ pr pound in Rum for it which he Refused till that he made him Drunk & perswaded him to it, (Signed) by Jno. Deane and Directed to Lieut. Blagg.
The above Elliot when made Drunk by Rawlins perswaded to Steel A Quantity of flower out of the Store which Rollins Recd and for which he was tried before Capt. Swenningham & Capt. Caton and found guilty & fined in five Pounds Sterling according to act of Parliment for embezling his Majesties Stores he was allowed some time for to Pay the fine, and when it Became Due Mr Deane whent to ask for it he tould him he would not pay him any, upon which he applied to Capt. Caton who gave A Distress Warrant against him & when the Constable went to execute it; Caton forwarnd him to doe it, told the Constable he would bear him harmless, & that Rawlins should not pay the fine, So that it Can be proved by A Letter from under Catons own Hands that he Screen’d Rollins from having Catons own Sentence Executed against him.

W. Hughes


Title: From George Washington to William Fairfax, 22 June 1756 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Fairfax, William

Letter not found: to William Fairfax, 22 June 1756. On 10 July 1756 Fairfax wrote to GW: “I receiv’d Yrs of the 22d ulto.”


Title: From George Washington to Robert Stewart, 22 June 1756 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Stewart, Robert

Letter not found: to Robert Stewart, 22 June 1756. On 23 June 1756 Stewart wrote to GW: “I just recd yours of yesterday.”


Title: Orders, 23 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Nobleness.
Winchester—Wednesday, June 23d 1756

A Regimental Court martial to sit immediately for trial of the prisoners, confined on suspicion of desertion.
If the Surgeon thinks corporal Wilson is yet able to bear the rest of his punishment, he is to receive it this Evening at Retreat Beating. The prisoners march to beat every morning at daybreak, instead of the Revillé: and the Workmen are immediately to repair to the Fort, where the rolls must be called, to see they are all present, and then set to work.
Captain Peachy is to have all the Soldiers, workmen, divided into messes; each mess to consist of twenty—and one man of a mess to be left every day to cook for the rest—They are to Breakfast and Dine, at the same time that the militia now at work on the fort, do. The Officers who marched up the Draughts, will receive money to-day, by applying for it, to pay their Detachments. After this payment, the workmen must all be included in one roll; and Captain Peachy will draw pay regularly for them—Captain George Mercers company is to parade before Colonel Washington’s door, half an hour before retreat-beating this Evening.


Title: To George Washington from Robert Stewart, 23 June 1756
From: Stewart, Robert
To: Washington, George

Sir
Maidstone June 23rd 1756

I just recd yours of yesterday by Rollines and upon Examination it appears that what he complain’d off to you are literally as follows Vizt.
Amongst the other precautions I had taken to prevent Drunkeness and Irregularity which by Rollines’s means then became prevalent amongst the Soldiers here, I order’d the Officer of the Guard to visit the Tippling House every Night sometime after Tatoo Beating, and to confine any of the Soldiers that might then be found Drinking there—Lieut. Campbell happen’d Officer of the Guard the night Rollines complains off, and went into his House at a Door that was quite open but that he did not abuse Rollines nor even speak to him he and those who went the Rounds with him are willing to swear—One Day Rollines who was much insens’d at a stop’s being put to his selling Liquor to the Soldiers was cursing all the Officers in the grosset terms and said many audacious provoking things, upon which Serjeant Hughes told him that if were not for the Law he would whip him, Rollines replied that he would take no advantage of the Law desir’d one of the Inhabitants here to be his second & strip’t, then he & Hughes went at it and Hughes gave him a most sincere Drubbing—Rollines never complaind to me nor did he apply to you till after he found that Govr Sharp would not hear his Scandulous falsehoods against the Virga Officers—he has since had the assurance to tell my Servant that unless I gave him Liberty to Sell Liquor to the Soldiers that you would send me from here—I hop’d you would have mention’d something of Caton’s affair and his as I conceive that by it the Country has been defrauded and Laws trappl’d upon—The Deserters will be tried agreeable to your orders But any Punishmt a regimental Court martial can order will am afraid have little weight with some of them—Governor Sharp is Building his Fort 14 Miles from the Mouth of the Creek at Johnson’s Plantation on Potomack River—Inclos’d is a Return of the Detachmt and the Provisions on hand, and doubts not but you will order us a supply of Flower before what is on hand is exausted—Last night I was oblig’d to put a Soldier (one of Rollines’s Custommers) in Irons for Mutiny.

I was yesterday favour’d with a Letter from Majr Halkett Dated at Albany May 26th. He informs me that there was then a Total Stagnation in the Affairs of the Regulars till the arrival of orders from home—That General Windslow was forwarding every thing from thence with the greatest Expedition that he expected to be able to Encamp at Fort Willm Hendry on the Lakes in 3 weeks from that time and wou’d proceed towards Crown Point without waiting for further orders—Colo. Gage desires I would send back Winterbottom one of my Corporals who I had from his Regimt to Train the Troop Horses[.] What I’m I to do in this Affair? Your answer by the return of the Bearer will oblige him who is with respect Sir Your Most Obt hble Servt

Robert Stewart

Majr Halkett desires me to present his Complemts to you.


Title: Orders, 24 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Order.
Winchester—Thursday, June 24th 1756.


Title: To George Washington from William Fleming, 24 June 1756 [letter not found]
From: Fleming, William
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from William Fleming, 24 June 1756. On 21 July 1756 GW wrote to Fleming and refers to “Yours of the 24th ultimo.”


Title: Orders, 25 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Prudence.
Winchester—Friday, June 25th 1756.

A Regimental court martial to sit immediately for trial of John Gale and Edward Bull. Colonel Washington has been pleased to remit corporal Wilsons punishment: and he is to be released. Henry Campbell, for Desertion, is to be shot on sunday morning at seven of the clock. James Kelly and John Hoggan, of the Virginia Regiment—Amos Bentley and William Evans, Draughts from the militia; being judged unfit for Service, are ordered to be Discharged.


Title: From George Washington to Robert Dinwiddie, 25 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Dinwiddie, Robert

[Winchester, 25 June 1756]
To the Honourable Robert Dinwiddie, Esquire, Governour.Honble Sir,

I doubt not but your Honour will be as much surprized, as I have been concerned and vexed at my stay here.
When I left Williamsburgh, I did it with a design to proceed with the utmost expedition to Fort Cumberland. In order thereto, I arrived at Fredericksburgh to Dinner, the day after I left your Honour, at one o’clock; and gave the officer, posted at

that place, a list of such tools as were wanted to build the chain of Forts; and ordered they might be sent by a waggon, pressed for that purpose, immediately to Winchester: To which place I repai[re]d to get every thing in readiness, and wait their coming to escort them to Fort Cumberland. After I had been here two or three days, I received a Letter enclosing a list of the Tools from the Officer; who informed me, that he had, according to order, dispatched them in a waggon, hired for that purpose; for which waggon I have been waiting with the greatest impatience and uneasiness imaginable. How to account for this delay, I am quite at a loss (as I am certain they were sent;) unless the Waggoner has lost his Horses or run off with the waggon and contents. I thought it needless to proceed without them as nothing can be done for want of Tools. I have sent two or three Expresses to hurry them on; and shall make no delay when they arrive.
I intend to take the advice of a council of war (when I arrive at Fort Cumberland) about the Line on which these Forts are to be erected &c. and shall visit all the Ground that I conveniently can, and direct the Building.
It is a work that must be conducted extremely tedious; for these reasons—vizt—The scarcity of tools; smallness of our numbers; and want of Conductors. The strength of our Forces will not admit of many divisions; because in that case each party may probably be demolished. We can therefore, only attempt, with such men as can be drawn out of the Garrisons already established, to build fort after fort: and not by attempting too many at a time; and thereby run the risque of having the whole demolished. To go on in the manner above-mentioned must be extremely tedious; unless your Honour will be pleased to put the Militia that are upon our southern frontiers under the command of Captain Hogg—and order them to begin on the Mayo River and proceed in their Buildings until they meet our parties which will advance to the southward—I can point out no other method at present to expedite this necessary work. If your Honour approves of this scheme and will let me know by Express—I shall dispatch another to Captain Hogg to inform him thereof; and shall enclose him such a plan as the whole will be erected by. Your Honours orders to militia, and indeed to

the Inhabitants of those parts—to assist with their advice in fixing upon the places; and with their labour, in forwarding the work—must be absolutely necessary.
Your Honour never gave me a decisive answer to a question I asked, about giving the Field Officers Companies—For which reason I have presumed to repeat it again, because there are two companies now vacant, by the death of Captain John Mercer, and the resignation of Captain Savage: and should either be given to the Field Officers, or oldest Lieutenants. There is no advantage can possibly arise to the Field Officers by having Companies (but trouble there certainly will) as they are allowed, I suppose, the same pay now as though they had.
The only reason that urges me to repeat it is, because I look upon this to be a singular instance to the contrary—and running the Country to the additional expence of three supernumary Captains. Two hundred and forty-six Draughts are the total number brought in—out of which number several have deserted; three were discharged—being quite unfit for Service (and indeed several more ought to be, if men were not so scarce:) and there remain now in confinement six Quakers; who will neither bear arms, work, receive provisions or pay, or do any thing that tends, in any respect, to self-defence. I should be glad of your Honours directions how to proceed with them.
I can not yet return your Honour the names of the Volunteers that will be appointed to the vacancies; but as soon as I arrive at Fort Cumberland shall acquaint you, according to request.
Governour Sharpe is building a Fort on Potomack River, about fifteen miles above Conogochieg, which may be of great service towards the protection of our people on that side. It is thought the Fort will cost the Province of Maryland near thirty thousand pounds, before it is finished. I am &c.

G:W.

P.S. I should take it very kind if your Honour would send a few more blank commissions: There are six or seven vacancies, and the promotions will require more.
Winchester: June 25th 1756.


Title: To George Washington from Peter Hog, 25 June 1756 [letter not found]
From: Hog, Peter
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Peter Hog, 25 June 1756. On 21 July 1756 (first letter) GW wrote to Hog: “I received your several letters of the 14th 25th & 26th ultimo.”


Title: To George Washington from Peter Hog, 26 June 1756
From: Hog, Peter
To: Washington, George

Sir
Fort Dinwiddie 26th June 1756

Refering to mine of the 14th Instant this Comes Express by Corporal Smith to Inform you that When I had Drawn up the Men on the parade to Acquaint them of the Arrival of their pay for 5 Mos., they all Exclaimed because their Cloaths were not Sent along with their pay; Saying they were Imposed on & Cheated out of their 2d. ⅌ day: that the sd Arrears of 2d. ⅌ day had run now almost 18 Months & In that time they had only Recd one shirt a pr of Stockgs & a pr of Shoes; notwithstanding they were promised 2 of Each Last Spring at Winchestr by Sir Jno. St Clair & the adjutant as well as Rollers for their Neck: that they heard the Rest of the Companies had recd their Cloaths & that 2 Companies from No. Carolina had been lately Compleated with the Cloaths belonging to them: In Short after they were Dismist from the parade their discontent was so great, & Vented in Such Speeches, that the Officers came and Advised me to Send off a Messenger Express to quite the Men: & Even the Serjts came privately and Complained of their being used Worse then the other Companies, & Neglected

because of their distance from the Regt; I told them it was owing to the distraction that had been in Frederick County, and the Embargoe that had taken place at home which delayed the Arrival of the Shipping: however as I mentd In both my Letters the tattered Condition of the Men Occassioned by the hard March & difficult paths on the Expedition It Surprises me you should overlook it. As the Opportunities are so Infrequent and the Conveyance of Letters so Indirect & Uncertain I could Wish you would be very particular In answering Every paragraph. I was Informed by Majr Lewis that the other Companies of the Regt were to Garison a Chain of Forts to be Erected from the Mouth of the So. Branch, along this River & so by Craigs Creek to Roanoke[.] Now I should be glad to know Whether this Fort will be Continued In same Spott as I would Enlarge it this Sumr if it is to Remain Also if we are to Lay in our own provisions or if a Commissary is to be appointed to Act for the Whole as Beeff will be scarse, & some allready Begin to Buy up In order to Drive them away in the Fall. In Inclosed Serjt McCullys Accot of Charges in going after the Deserters & Wrote to You his demand of a pistole reward besides; Which Last the Men think is all that can In Justice be Stopt from their pay. Let me know how his Accot is to be Satisfied. I also Inclosed pay Rolls & Recpts for the Months of Decr & January together with the Accot of Debursements for the Commissary the Whole In a Letter dated the 3d February advise if it Came to hand I Likewise at that time Sent my Recruiting Accot to Capt. Stewart & Desired the Amot to be paid to him being £21.4. I have Enlisted two or 3 since and as the Company is not Compleat desire you would Send money for that purpose.
Inclosed is the Weekly Return the others were Sent in mine of the 14th. I have Just taken up one David Currie a Young Fellow that Came out in a Compy of Militia from Albemarle & stayed behind here to Evade being Draughted I shall Confine him untill he agrees to Enlist or have a return from You. I am wt. Respect Sir Your Very hume Servt

Petr Hog

P.S. as the Bearer Comes on publick Bussiness and such as I hope you will judge Necessary Expect you will Allow of his Expences. P:H:


Title: Orders, 27 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Resolution.
Winchester: Sunday, June 27th 1756.

The Troops are not to march until to-morrow morning at six o’clock—They are to be served with five days provisions for their march—and to be served with Biscuit. The Commissary is to have the waggons loaded this Evening; and they are to apply to the Officer of the Guard, for Centries to be placed over them. The Officers must make out the Returns for Provisions, immediately.
After Orders.
A court martial to sit immediately for trial of William McLeod, John Robinson, John Harris, and James Harris. Any Soldier who is taken above a mile from town, without leave from his Officer—shall be tried as a Deserter.


Title: To George Washington from John McNeill, 27 June 1756 [letter not found]
From: McNeill, John
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from John McNeill, 27 June 1756. On 21 July 1756 GW wrote to McNeill: “I have yours of the 27th ultimo.”


Title: Orders, 28 June 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Success.
Winchester: Monday, June 28th 1756.

The Troops are not to march until to-morrow morning at five o’clock—It is expected that every thing will be in readiness at that time, that no further delays may happen. A Court of Enquiry, to consist of all the Captains in town and Subalterns, to sit immediately, to examine into the dispute between Adjutant Livingston and Commissary Rutherford—Ensign McCarty and Mr Paris: All Evidences to attend—The Court will sit at ten of the clock.

After Orders.
The Officers who are to march with the troops to-morrow, are to see that they have their arms in good order, and are well provided with ammunition and Flints—as they shall answer the contrary: For Colonel Washington will examine them himself on the march to-morrow: and if he finds this order neglected; the Officer to whom the men belong, will be immediately put under an arrest.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Walker, 30 June 1756
From: Walker, Thomas
To: Washington, George

Sr
Winchester June the 30 1756

As I am very unwell and our numbers decreasing here I propose going home tomorrow, & Shall go to Fredericksburg as soon as I am able to Settle my affairs there. I have given Mr Rutherford 216.17.8 in gold and paper which sum is as much or more than I had in my hands of the Publick money[.] when that is gone any sum may think proper to supply him with for the publick Service I will be answerable for. I have ordered him to engage a young Man to assist him. Seven of the Militia Deserted last night & I am doubtfull many more will follow them as some Gentemen below have been so imprudent as to offer for a Small Consideration to defend them aganst any dammage for Deserting. I am your most Humble Servt

Thomas Walker


Title: To George Washington from Robert Dinwiddie, 1 July 1756
From: Dinwiddie, Robert
To: Washington, George

Sir
Williamsburg July 1st 1756

Last Night I recd Yrs of the 25th Ulto—I am sorry for the Delay of the Waggon with the Tools, probably occasion’d by the badness of the Horses, but I hope e’er this they are with You.
I approve of Your consulting at a Council of War in regard to building of Forts, which I fear will be attended with very great Delays from the small number of Men You have, & I think it will not be proper to divide Yr Men at too great Distances, therefore You must build them one after another, so that on occasion You may collect a proper number to repell any Forces that may appear against You. As the Six Nations have summon’d the Delaw⟨ares⟩ & Shawness to Onondago, I hope they will comply therewith & in course be ordered to live peaceably with us.
Inclos’d You have a Letr to Capt. Hogg & another to the Commanding Officer of the Militia in Augusta, & I desire You will give Ct. Hogg Your Opinion & Direction in regard to building of Forts on their Frontiers, which I hope will answer the Intent of protecting our Frontiers by Forts. I very much approve of the Field Officers having each a Company, which You may now put in execution tho’ I am sorry to think we have so many Officers & so few Rank & File.
I am surpriz’d there are no more than 246 draughted Men & so bad as three to be discharg’d, send me an Acct of the Number from each County—If the six Quakers will not fight You must compell them to work on the Forts, to carry Timber &ca if this will not do confine them with a short Allowance of Bread & Water till You bring them to reason or provide others in their room.
I am glad Gov. Sharpe is building a Fort which will be so useful, but the Assembly of Maryland allow no more than 1100 to enlist & maintain 200 Men build a Fort & three Block Houses, & I dare say the Gov. will not exceed the Vote of Assembly.
I consulted the Treasurer, now here, about the Militia, & he is of Opinion they will all desert therefore he & I agree that those that will not remain shd be return’d to their Counties, & that You write to the Lieuts. of Those Counties to make Draughts from their Militia agreeable to the Act of Assembly & send

them up to You by the Major of each County but if You can prevail on any of them to remain till Decr let them know they will be paid as Militia to that Time—I recomend to You to perswade those that are Tradesmen & can handle the Ax &ca to remain in building of Forts, & You may augmt their Pay as You & they can agree—I am fully convinc’d the few Men You will have remaing are not sufficient for Defence & building the Forts, or can I at present propose any Method to augmt Your Regimt. I am really ashamed of the dastardly pusillanimous Spirit of the People in general at this time of Danger & we must depend much more on the Protection of Heaven, than on the second Means expected from us by God. I recomend You to his guidance, & wishing You Health I remain Sir Your most humble Servt

Robt Dinwiddie

I hope You will send me a proper Roll of all our Men by this Express—We have no Acct of Ld Loudon’s arrival.


Title: Orders, 5 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Temperance.
Fort Cumberland [Md.] Monday, July 5th 1756.

A General Court Martial, to consist of one Field Officer, four Captains, and eight Subalterns, to sit immediately, for trial of Lieutenant King for misconduct and neglect of Duty.
Lieutenant Colonel Stephen, President—Mr Kirkpatrick—Judge-Advocate.
The pay master is to apply to the several Officers commanding companies for pay-rolls for all the men, except the Draughts; that were paid off at Winchester to the first instant.
An orderly Sergeant to attend Colonel Washington every day, while he stays in the Garrison.


Title: Memorandum, 5 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

A General Court Martial Held at Fort Cumberland, July 5th 1756.

Lieutenant Colonel Adam Stephen—President

                  Captain Cocke
                  Captain Bronaugh

                  Captain Woodward


Title: Orders, 6–8 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Xantippe.
[6, 7, 8 July 1756]Fort Cumberland [Md.] Tuesday, July 6th 1756.

The General Court martial, whereof Lieutenant Colonel Stephen was President, is dissolved. Colonel Washington has approved of the Sentence of the said Court—which was, that Lieutenant King had been guilty of Disobedience of Orders; and consequently of a Breach of the fifth article of the second section of War: But, in consideration of his inexperience, and this being the first Detachment he had the sole command of—They think his being reprimanded by Colonel Washington, at the head of the Battalion, will be a sufficient punishment for this first (though unhappy) fault.
The Regiment is to be under arms this Evening at four o’clock—No Officer nor Soldier off Duty, to be absent—The articles of war are then to be read.
A General court martial, to consist of five Captains, four Subalterns—to sit immediately for trial of all the Deserters—and of Robert Yates for Theft, and assisting a Deserter to make his escape. Captain Cocke, President—who is to wait on Colonel

Washington for his commission. Mr Kirkpatrick—Judge-Advocate: All evidences to attend.
Colonel Washington expressly orders, that no Officer do provide himself with any other kind of Clothes than those ordered the 17th of September last: as they will not be allowed to appear in them. Every Officer who has not complied with that order, to do it immediately—and they are all to procure Sashes, if to be had—They may be supplied with Hats, and waistcoat-lace, at Mr Peters’s, Rock-Creek—and sword-knots—The Quarter-Master is to take a man per company, and see the Streets, between the Barracks, well cleaned—the Bog-houses cleaned, and all the filth and garbage near the Fort carried off. All noncommissioned Officers and Soldiers are expressly ordered to wear their hair; which it is expected the Officers will observe; and see that they dress their hair, and appear as soldier-like as possible.
As the Uniform ordered in September last at this Garrison is now fixed upon for the Virginia Regiment—and Clothes and all other necessaries for the Soldiers are shortly expected in from Great Britain—It is again requested, that no Officer will fail to embrace the first opportunity of providing himself with such an uniform.
After Orders.
The General court martial whereof Captain Cocke was President is dissolved—Colonel Washington has been pleased to approve of the Sentence of the said court martial—which was of opinion that Andrew Lockhart should receive four hundred lashes: William Pritchard one thousand lashes, and be drummed out of the Regiment with a halter ’round his neck. John Leigh and Thomas Simmons—as it is the first offence—and they were ignorant of the consequence of Desertion—two hundred and fifty lashes each.
William Davis being an old offender—a thousand lashes: and John Jenkins, being persuaded off by Davis, five hundred lashes. and Robert Yates for Theft, and assisting in secreting a Deserter, one thousand lashes. The above prisoners to receive as much of their punishment as the Surgeon (who must attend upon this occasion) shall judge they are able to bear, this night at retreat-beating.

—Yorkshire.
Fort Cumberland: Wednesday, July 7th 1756.

A Detachment of sixty men and ten of the best water-men, to parade immediately and go down the Potowmack, to bring back the Flatt carried off by the Fresh. All the men of the Regiment, except the Draughts, to be under arms this Evening at five o’clock, to go through their Exercise, and afterwards to practise Bush-fighting.
Colonel Washington has observed, that the men of his Regiment are very profane and reprobate—He takes this opportunity of informing them of his great displeasure at such practises; and assures them, if they do not leave them off, they shall be severely punished. The Officers are desired, if they hear any man swear, or make use of an oath or execration; to order the Offender twenty-five lashes immediately, without a Court martial—For the second offence, they will be more severely punished.
The Sergeants are ordered to take notice of the mens Behaviour in their Barracks; and endeavour to break them of that ill habit. As the Soldiers have made some complaints of their provision being very bad—The Commissary is ordered to inspect all that he can have the least doubt of—and if there is any that can be saved, to put it into fresh pickle; what can not, must immediately be thrown away.
A Return from the several Officers of all the men here, who were in the Engagement with General Braddock at Monongehela, and have not received the five pounds allowed by the Country—is to be given in to Colonel Washington this evening at four of the clock: at which time the men are to wait upon him to receive their allowance.
After Orders.
Captain Bells and Gists companies, and Captain Woodward and Harrisons—and Bakers—are to receive Tents, and encamp with their Officers on the Hill between the Fort and the Storehouse.
The Redoubt-Guard is to be reinforced to one Captain, two Subalterns, and Fifty Rank and File.

—Zeal.
Fort Cumberland: Thursday, July 8th 1756.

Colonel Washington orders a Return to be given in immediately

of the strength of each company of the Regiment; in which the officers must be very exact. A separate return of the full numbers of the Draughts here must be given in also at the same time.
A Regimental Court martial to sit immediately for trial of the prisoners in the Guard.
The Soldiers belonging to the Garrison, before the Draughts came up—are to fire at Targets this afternoon at four o’clock: and afterwards to be formed into Battalion, and go through the platoon exercise and evolution. The Waggoners &c. are to bring in their Horses before the firing begins; as it would frighten them into the woods.


Title: To George Washington from William Byrd, 8 July 1756
From: Byrd, William
To: Washington, George

Dear Sr
Westover, July 8th 1756.

The young Gentleman who will deliver you this Letter is the Associator I mention’d to you, when I had the Pleasure of seeing you in Williamsburgh, Shoud it be convenient for you, Sr, to give him some Commission in your Regiment, I don’t doubt but you will approve of him on Tryall. I wish for nothing more than an Opportunity to entertain you at Westover, for I assure you I am with very great Regard Dear Sr Your Most Obdt Hble Sert

W. Byrd


Title: Orders, 9–10 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

[9, 10 July 1756]

Morning Orders. Fort Cumberland [Md.] Friday, July 9th 1756.
One Captain, two Subalterns, three Sergeants, and fifty rank and file—to parade immediately to scour well the woods around the Fort—The Captain to wait upon Colonel Washington for his Orders.

—Abington.

The Troops are to be mustered by the Muster master at Gunfiring to-morrow morning.

Fort Cumberland: Saturday, July 10th 1756.
   Burlington.

Colonel Washington orders Lieutenant-Colonel Stephen, and

all the Captains now in the Garrison, to meet him at twelve o’clock in Captain McKenzies room, to hold a council of War.


Title: Orders, 12 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Dedham.
Fort Cumberland [Md.]—Monday, July 12th 1756.

Lieutenant William Stark having resigned his Commission in the Virginia Regiment—Ensign Buckner is promoted to his place.
Messieurs James Duncanson, Jethro Sumner, Henry Russell, and Griffinpert, are appointed Ensigns in the Virginia Regiment.
Mr John Hamilton, Sergeant-Major, is appointed Quarter-master to the said Regiment, in the room of Quarter-master

Bucker, who has resigned. A Return is to be given in this afternoon—four o’clock, of all the Stores and Provisions now at this Garrison. The Suttlers now at this place are to be informed, that they must dispose of what liquor they have on hand and that for the future the Grand Suttler will only be allowed to sell any liquour at this Garrison.
The Companies of the Virginia Regiment, are formed as follows, and are to continue so, without a particular order to the contrary.
   First Company: Colonel Washington—
   Captain Lieutenant John McNiell
   Ensign

                  2d Compy
                  Lt Colonel Adam Stephen Lt John Blagg Ensign James Roy

                  3d Company
                  Captain Peter Hogg Lt Thomas Bullet Ensign Fleming

                  4th Company
                  Captain George Mercer Lt Bryan Fairfax Ensign Denis McCarty

                  5th Company
                  Captain Thomas Waggener Lt Walter Stewart Ensign Charles Smith

                  6th Company
                  Captain Robert Stewart Lt John Campbell Ensign Henry Russell

                  7th Compy
                  Captain Thomas Cocke Lieutenant Buckner Ensign Weedon

                  8th Company
                  Captain William Bronaugh Lieutenant Eustace Ensign Sumner

                  9th Company
                  Captain Joshua Lewis Lt John King Ensign Duncanson

                  10th Company
                  Captain Henry Woodward Lt Brockenbrough Ensign Dangerfield

                  11th Company
                  Captain Robert Spotswood Lieutenant Lomax Ensign Milner

                  12th Company
                  Captain Charles Lewis Lt Steenbergen Ensign Hubbard

                  13th Company
                  Captain William Peachy Lt John Williams Ensign Pert

                  14th Company
                  Captain David Bell Lt John Lowry Ensign Deane

                  15th Company
                  Captain Robert McKenzie Lieutenant Baker Ensign Price

                  16th Company
                  Captain Henry Harrison Lt John Hall Ensign Thompson

                  17th Company
                  Captain Christopher Gist Lt Nathaniel Gist Ensign Crawford
                  Scouts

The following appointments are made to the aforesaid Companies—of Sergeants and Corporals; who are not to be broke or changed, but by the Sentence of a Court Martial—or particular orders from the Colonel: as such practices have made great confusion in the Regiments. vizt—

                  Companies
                  Sergeants
                  Corporals

                  1st The Colonels
                  John Sallard
                  Samuel Longworth

                  John Belfour
                  Wm Stewart Packet

                  2d The Lt Colos.
                  Thomas Carter
                  Philemon Waters

                  John Graham
                  Isaac Barringer

                  Wm Grant
                  Wm Coffland

                  3d Capt. Hoggs
                  John McCulley
                      Smith

                      Wilper

                  4th Captain Mercers
                  Angus McDonnald
                  Saml French

                  John Matthews
                  Jno. Pope

                  John Grinnon
                  Benj. Barrett

                  5th Cap. Waggeners
                  Wm Shaw
                  Geo. Salmon

                  John [Francis] Austin
                  Sam. Poe

                  Mark Hollies
                  John Cray [Creagh]

                  6th Cap. Rt Stewarts
                  Wm Hughes
                  Wm Broughton

                  David Kenedy

                  7th Captain Cockes
                  John McWilliams
                  Jas Thomas

                  Henry Williams
                  Geo. Clark

                  Jno. Reynolds
                  Dougal Campbell

                  8th Capt. Bronaughs
                  Richard Trotter
                  Wm Hunt

                  John Nash
                  Jno. Naughty

                  Hugh Campbell
                  Heny Steel

                  9th Capt. Josh. Lewis’s
                  And. Vaughan
                  Joseph Wills

                  John Gender
                  Richd Foster

                  Hen. Carrier
                  Tho. Carrier

                  10th Cap. Woodwards
                  Joseph Faint [Fent]
                  Jas Carmichael

                  Wm Evans
                  Jno. Clark

                  Geo. Whitecotton
                  Wm Heath

                  11th Capt. Spotswoods
                  Joseph Bledsoe
                  Jno. Sale

                  Richd Good
                  Edw. Lary [Leary]

                  Saml Robinson
                  Jas Lile [Lyle]

                  12th Cap. Charles Lewis’s
                  Chas Collieux [Cailliaux]
                  Samp. Franklin

                  Abrah. Crittenoon
                  Tho. Edmondson

                  13th Cap. Peachy’s
                      Baker
                  Jno. Gaskins

                  Reuben Vass
                  John Gall [Richard Gale]

                  Bibby Brookes [Broocke]
                  Jas Gutridge

                  14th Capt. Bells
                  Tho. Ferguson
                  Dav. Hartwell

                  James Young
                  Whitnal Warner

                  Charles Scot
                  Jas Clark

                  15th Cap. McKenzie’s
                  James [John] Campbell
                  Timo. Shaw

                  James Hatfield
                  Jno. Adams

                  James Robinson
                  Bryan Page

                  16th Captain Harrisons
                  Jas Morrell [Norrell]
                  Tho. Wright

                  Tho. Seal
                  Francis Walker

                  Francis Moreland
                  Benj. Cotton

                  17th Cap. Gists
                  John Barrett
                  Tho. White

                  Richd Posey
                  Morde. Gosling

                  Rich. Davis
                  Gist Vaughan

As the allowance of three Batmen to a company is very sufficient, Colonel Washington expressly orders that no Officer do presume to take a Soldier to do that Duty; as he has been informed hath been practised.
As it occasions very great confusion among the companies to swap and change the men—They are now regulated—and it is ordered that no Officer shall upon any pretence swap or change any man.
The Companies commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Stephen; Captains Woodward, Charles Lewis, Peachy and Harrison—with their respective Officers &c. as now appointed—are to remain in this Garrison. The other companies now here, are to hold themselves in readiness to march to the South-Branch tomorrow.

As there are several men of the different companies on command—each officer is, as soon as possibly he can, to collect his own men from the several commands. The Order about Regimentals has been mistaken—Colonel Washington only expects the Officers will buy lace for their Hats and waist-coats—and it is hoped, they will immediately comply with this order.
Ensign Russell is to hold himself in readiness to join the Troop at Conogochieg—and Ensign Pert to proceed to Winchester, to join Captain Peachy.
After Orders.
As there have orders repeatedly been issued, strictly requiring all Captains and commanding officers of companies to take two receipts from each man—one to be entered in a Book, kept for the use of the company—the other to be sent on a sheet of paper to Colonel Washington—in order to prevent the number of complaints which are hourly made by Soldiers, who deny having received their subsistance. It is therefore peremptorily ordered once more, that all captains and commanding officers of companies and Detachments, do pay due obedience to this order: for if they delay sending the receipts until a second payment is made, they will be put under an arrest, and tried for Disobedience (of orders) and the party complaining shall immediately receive satisfaction, without enquiring into the justice of the complaint.
There has also been an order given for Returns to be made to Colonel Washington of those men who assisted in clearing the Roads last year to Monongehela in order that he might remit them to the Quarter Master General[.] The men will receive six-pence for every day that they have worked and the Subalterns three shillings per day[.] The number of days they worked to be certified by an Officer[.] Colonel Washington expects this return to be made as soon as possible, in order that he may serve both the officers and Soldiers; otherwise he will give himself no further trouble about it.
A Regimental Court martial to sit immediately for trial of all the Prisoners in the Guard.

Evening Orders.
The Troops will not march to-morrow—but it is expected all Officers, &c. will be ready to march next day, as Colonel Washington will not postpone the march any longer.
One Captain two Subalterns, and sixty rank and file to parade to-morrow morning at gun-firing. The Captain to wait on Colonel Washington at retreat-beating for orders. None of the men that are to march on Wednesday, are to be put on Duty.


Title: To George Washington from Robert Dinwiddie, 12 July 1756
From: Dinwiddie, Robert
To: Washington, George

Sir
Williamsburg July 12th 1756

At the Desire & Request of Colo. Wm Byrd I recommend the Bearer Mr Henry Timberlake to Your Favour & Countenance he has great Inclinations to serve in Your Regiment & I hope

his Spirit & Behavior may recommend him to Preferment, in proper Course upon any Vacancy.
I have Acct that a number of French & Indians have invaded Augusta & committed horrid Murders &ca as usual I have order’d out Part of the Militia of four Counties to oppose them & to repell their Violences, & I am in hopes they will be able to drive them over the Mountains; but I think we shall be in continual Alarms of this kind, unless an Expedition is undertaken to drive them from the Ohio. I have wrote fully to Lord Loudon on this Subject; I believe he is arriv’d at N. York tho’ I have not any acct thereof as yet.
I wish You Health & Success in all Your Operations & I remain Sir Your most humble Servant

Robt Dinwiddie


Title: Orders, 13 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Epsom.
Fort Cumberland [Md.] Tuesday, July 13th 1756.

Officers commanding Companies to examine their mens arms, ammunition, &c. and see they are in good order: That each man has one good spare flint; and that their flints be fixed in with lead, as it will preserve them much.
Those who go on command to the South-Branch are to take with them a barrel, or as many as will complete each man to ten.
Several men since Colonel Washington came here have made their complaints to him, and say that their own Officers refuse to redress them—There is a particular article of war concerning this, even where an Officer does a Soldier an injury: and Colonel Washington expects that for the future, the Officers will listen more to the complaints of their men (for whom else ought they to apply to?) and if they find they have just cause, to bring the offender immediately to punishment.
A Return to be given in immediately from the several companies, certified by the Surgeon, of the men who ought to be discharged. The men must wait upon Colonel Washington, at four o’clock, to receive their Discharge.
After Orders.
The party that is to march up the South Branch, to take with them all their necessaries; as they will not return to this place soon again.
The Quarter-Master is to deliver to this party two barrels of

powder, and ball and shot equivalent. He is to load all the waggons, after putting in the Tools ordered in the list delivered to him, with Beef—half of which is to be left at Ashby’s Fort; and Flour to be taken from thence in the room of it: which, with the remainder of the beef, must be left at Cox’s Fort. All the Kettles that can be spared from this Garrison, must be sent down with this party.


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Waggener, 13 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Waggener, Thomas

[Fort Cumberland, Md., 13 July 1756]
To Captain Thomas Waggener, of the Virginia Regiment. Sir,

The companies of the Virginia Regiment are completed to an equal number, except yours, which, through mistake of the Returns, is not. But as I expect more men every minute, you shall be immediately completed.
As you have on command with you several men of other companies; the officers have received orders to apply to you for them; and you must deliver them up. I desire you will send James Campbell the Drummer, by the first Escort that comes to Winchester.
From the great confidence I repose in your Diligence, I have appointed you to a command, on which much depends: and I doubt not you will see the work carried on with Expedition: and I must particularly recommend it to you to keep up a strict command, both over Officers and men, as you will be answerable for any delays or neglect which may happen for want of due Discipline—and I would not wish your good-nature should occasion you to over-look a Fault in an officer, who may be your best friend.
As I am informed by the people who met me at Pearsalls, that there is a Fort now kept by the country people, about twenty miles from your upper one, in a proper place—If, upon arriving there, you find it will do with a little alteration or amendment;

I would have you take it in behalf of the country; leave men to garrison it, and so proceed on to the next place. When you arrive there, you may get all the timbers ready, and by that time I shall send you a plan of the kind of Forts I would have you build.
The people whom I have conversed with on the subject, seem to think there will be no difficulty in providing provisions for the men. I would have you provide for these in the same manner you have hitherto done for your own company; and whatever orders you give on that account, shall be duly honoured. I would have you from time to time, transmit me an account of all occurrencies.
The Governor has ordered the Militia to be discharged as soon as Harvest is over, since they are so unwilling to continue until December. And shou’d you march on with all the men to building these Forts, it might give the Inhabitants uneasiness, and raise complaints to be left unguarded.
I would therefore desire you to leave small parties at proper places to keep them quiet and easy, in case you see occasion for it.
I[f] you have occasion for more ammunition, you must send to Fort Cumberland for what you want. I am &c.

G:W.
Fort Cumberland: July 13th 1756.


Title: From George Washington to Robert McKenzie, 13 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To: McKenzie, Robert

[Fort Cumberland, Md., 13 July 1756]
To Captain Robert McKenzie of the Virginia Regiment

You are to proceed with your Company to the Fort, now commanded by Captain William Cox; and take the command of it until the Militia at Pearsalls, &c. are discharged—which will be as soon as Harvest is over.
You must then remove to Pearsalls Fort, and take the command there: During your stay at Cox’s, you must escort all Waggons, Expresses, &c. going up as far as Ashby’s, and coming down, to Pearsalls. As your own Company and Captain Cox’s will furnish a strong party, I would have you send out frequently, and scour the woods well. So soon as you arrive at your first post, you are to inform Lieutenant Neugent of the King-George militia; that he with his command, must immediately proceed to John Parkers on the South Branch, who, with the inhabitants about there, is to use his utmost endeavours to protect and assist them, while they are gathering in their Harvest. You may acquaint Captain Cox, that he has my leave to go to Winchester; and he may take the opportunity of the Escort which will be sent down with the Waggons. You are to use your utmost care and endeavours to enlist what men of the company of Rangers you can—but are to give them no more enlisting money than twenty-five shillings. When you remove over to Pearsalls you must send a Subaltern and fifteen men over to Kirkendalls Fort, to keep the inhabitants on that Quarter quiet. By every opportunity you are to transmit me accounts of your proceedings and of all occurrencies. I would have you keep up a constant correspondance with those of the other Forts; and transmit what intelligence you receive from each other immediately. Given at Fort Cumberland July 13th 1756.

G:W.


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Cocke, 13 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Cocke, Thomas

[Fort Cumberland, Md., 13 July 1756]
For Captain Thomas Cocke. of the Virginia Regiment.

You are, with the men under your command, to escort the Waggons sent with you, to Pearsalls Fort; and so soon as you arrive there, inform Captain Baylis it is ordered, that he send a party of the Militia to guard them to Edwards Fort; where Ensign Milner will receive them and conduct them to Winchester.
You must see, as soon as possible after your arrival at Pearsalls, to procure waggons to transport the Tools, &c. to Colonel Vanmeters: There you will meet with Captain Waggener, and must put yourself and Detachment under his command.
Should Captain Waggener be so indisposed that he can not undertake the command you are then to proceed yourself, and follow the directions given to Captain Waggener. Given at Fort Cumberland July 13th 1756.

G:W.


Title: Memorandum, 13 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

[Fort Cumberland, Md., 13 July 1756]

   Memorandum—
Wrote to Captains Hamilton, Minor, Baylis, Fields; and to Lieutenant Neugent—that the Governour has ordered them and their men to be discharged as soon as the harvest is cut and secured: and ordered them to march through Winchester, to leave the arms, &c. belonging to the country.


Title: To George Washington from Thomas, Lord Fairfax, 13 July 1756
From: Fairfax of Cameron, Thomas Fairfax, sixth baron
To: Washington, George

Sr
July the 13th 1756

Coll Lee having applyed to me for orders for a further Draft of his Militia, to make up the Number of Men, who have deserted, as he has receivd orders from the Governor to follow my Orders; I humbly conceive Coll Martin & I have nothing to do with the destination of the Militia of the lower parts but that they are intirely taken out of our hands; I have therefore desired Major Baylis to wait on you to know your Command. I remain Sr Your humble Servant

Fairfax


Title: Orders, 14 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Fort Cumberland [Md.] Wednesday July 14th 1756.

Morning Orders.
One Captain, two Subalterns, three Sergeants, and forty-five privates, to parade immediately. The Captain will receive his orders from Colonel Washington.
As it will be inconvenient for some of the Officers to get the receipts from the men at the time of receiving their pay—Colonel Washington informs them, that if they remit their receipts always at receiving the next months pay, it will be sufficient.

Falmouth.

The Troops are not to march until to-morrow morning, two o’clock—The waggoners to have all their Horses picketed tonight, that no delay may be offered to-morrow.


Title: From George Washington to Peter Hog, 21 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Hog, Peter

To Captain Peter Hogg, at Fort Dinwiddie. Sir,
[Winchester, 21 July 1756]

I received your several letters of the 14th 25th & 26th ultimo, and that of the 3d of February, enclosing the pay-rolls. Major Lewis, as I before wrote you, received money to pay off the arrears of his company; and you must settle with him. Those of your former company have been paid off here, long since per the paymaster, who will, if you draw upon him for your own (and can make it appear they are due,) pay you.
I was very much surprized to find corporal Smith here upon

such an Errand—Your suffering such clamours among the men, argues very great remissness in you: I imagined your being put there over them was partly with an intent to keep them quiet and passive; but this Express sent purely to humour them, seems as if you were afraid to do your duty among them: and by the subject of your letter it appears to me you were much of the same way of thinking with them, and seem equally dissatisfied.
Let me tell you in your own words that “I was very much surprized” at the contents of your letter, wrote in such a commanding style; and your demands so express and peremptory, that the direction was the only thing which gave me the least room even to suspect it could be wrote to any but John Roe, or some other of your menial Servants! I shall always act for the good of the Service, and inform you (when I find it necessary) of my proceedings. Your men have, or ought to have, as good Clothes as those here: they received them at the same time and the same quantity; ’though you say, they never got but one Shirt, a pair of Stockings, and a pair of Shoes. The rest of the companies have received none since they did; so they have been misinformed; which I imagine you could have satisfied them of—and of their great mistake in saying the carolina companies have been completed with their clothes. In short, after they were dismissed from the parade if their discontents were so high, those who made use of any such speeches as you seem to hint, you ought to know what course to have taken with them; and even the Sergeants, who complained of being worse used than the other companies—and it surprizes me you should overlook it. Clothes, and extremely good ones, are sent for, and may be expected before the cold weather; and they shall immediately receive them: But at this time there is not, nor has been, for these six months past, one suit in the Store.
I have sent you sixty Blankets, sixty Shirts, and sixty pairs of Shoes and Stockings which is all the clothing we have for the men here; as you may be further informed by your Express; and on whom, I suppose, you will more rely. There is a Commissary appointed for the whole; but the great distance you are from us, prevents his being of any Service to you. So if you think there is any danger of the Beef being all bought up, you may engage immediately for a sufficiency for your Company,

to be delivered at the proper time for Slaughtering. Beef is cheaper now than it has been for years past. As to McCulley’s charge, it must be stopped from the mens pay: I am surprized they had not considered the consequence before they went off: It is too late now to complain. There is part of your recruiting accompt which much astonishes me; and I thought you nor no Officer, who valued his character, would have presumed to have done such a thing; as he must be certain it would appear as a palpable fraud in him. Three men were enlisted here by Sergeant Wilper; he received both money and provision from me for carrying them up to you; and as that afterwards appeared insufficient, had a further allowance made—and will you after that presume to charge eight-pence per diem, for their subsistance ’till they were delivered to you? Did you pay a farthing on that account? And do you not know the eight pennies were allowed the Officers for the expence of maintaining and marching their Recruits to the Rendezvous? You have been paid these ten months for a full company, and by your returns, have never been complete; I have instructions to allow for no men but those present: Therefore I hope you will account for all the non-effective money you have received, by the next opportunity agreeable to your returns. You may deduct your recruiting accompt out of the money, after striking off the subsistance for three men enlisted by Sergeant Wilper; and recruit your Company with the Balance: if not sufficient, advance your own money, and you shall be repaid.
Lieutenant Bullet is sent to relieve Captain McNeill; who is to proceed to this place with the utmost expedition.
I am sorry to find your conduct so disagreeable to all the Officers, as to occasion two, who were appointed to your company, to resign; and I believe it would have gone thro’ the Regiment had I only used persuasive arguments to them; or have suffered a third to follow the example. I must therefore desire you will act circumspectly; as I assure you, if I have any just complaints made of you, you may expect to answer them. If these three Sailors can produce three as good, able-bodied men as themselves, and fit for Service—you may discharge them when the others are entertained, but not until then. Enclosed you will receive a list of the Tools ordered you from Fredericksburg, and those sent from this place by Lieutenant Bullet’s

waggon; which are to be employed in the public Service, when wanted, preferable to any others: he conforming to the same Rules and Regulations as others do. The Tools marked wanting, are those sent for to Fredericksburg, which I have directed to be sent to the care of Mr Wright, at Augusta Court-House—Those marked sent, are what you will now receive. If all these are insufficient to carry on your works—you must provide others in the best manner you can; and the commissary will pay for them, when drawn upon.
Take care when you engage Beef for your company, to allow for Pork, if it is to be had. As the Governor sent me yours open, I took out a letter enclosed for the commanding officer of the Militia in Augusta, that he might receive it the sooner. I am Yours &c.

G:W.
Winchester July 21st 1756.


Title: Enclosure: List of Tools, 21 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Hog, Peter

[Winchester, 21 July 1756]

                  List of Tools intended for Capt. Hogg
                  Sent
                  Wanting

                  Fifty narrow axes

                  50

                  Twelve broad ditto
                  6
                  6

                  Six cross-cut saws

                  6
                  }
                  with sets of Files

                  Four whip ditto
                  3
                  1

                  Six Hand-saws

                  6

                  Six Spades
                  6

                  Six Shovels
                  6

                  Six Hammers
                  6

                  Eighteen Chisels (assorted)

                  18

                  Twelve augre’s ditto
                  12

                  Six Gouge’s
                  4
                  2

                  Six Pick-axe’s
                  6

                  Four Carpenters adzes

                  4

                  Six Drawing-knives

                  6

                  Six cross-cut-saw files

                  6

                  Four whip-saw ditto
                  3
                  1

                  Six Hand-saw ditto

                  6

                  Six pair of Carpenters Compasses
                  6

                  Four Two-foot rules

                  4


Title: From George Washington to John McNeill, 21 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To: McNeill, John

[Winchester, 21 July 1756]
To Captain John McNeill, at Fort-Dinwiddie. Sir,

I have yours of the 27th ultimo: and in answer, you will observe, that the few men enlisted by the Captains, and the small number now in the Regiment, has much displeased the Governour: So that he has lessened the number of Captains and ordered that the Field Officers should have each a Company: which retards your promotion something longer, until the Majors be established by him. However, you may be assured of my Services for you; and may depend upon your rank being preserved, whenever a vacancy shall fall out for your advancement—however disagreeable it may be to the other Officers.

You are appointed Captain-Lieutenant in my Company—and I desire you may immediately repair to this place to join us—Should be glad you would endeavour to enlist all the able-bodied likely men you can as we want a great many of our complement. I imagine you are not to be informed, that your present office entitles you to the rank of Captain; and exempts you from the Duty of a Subaltern?
You may tell Captain Hogg, that another equally good as the mulatto, will be as agreeable. I am &c.

G:W.
Winchester, July 21st 1756.


Title: From George Washington to William Baylis, 21 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Baylis, William

[Winchester, 21 July 1756]
To Major Baylis. of the Prince-William Militia, at Pearsalls. Sir,

You are to use your utmost endeavours with the men under your command, to gather in all the Harvest on the Plantations abandoned by the Inhabitants, and secure it in the best manner you can. You are also to assist the inhabitants about you all you can in collecting their harvest; and guard them while they are about it. Let Captain Hamilton, and the rest of the Officers of the Militia, know the contents of this letter. And they are also ordered to observe the same Directions about where they are posted. Advise the people to tread out the grain with all possible

expedition, and bring it within their Forts, to prevent its being burned by the Enemy.
So soon as this service is over, you may acquaint them, that they will all be discharged. As there have been many complaints made to me of the militia officers impressing Horses to come down here, and ride about upon their own Business. Let them know it is my orders, that they do not presume to do so for the future; as it is expressly against the act of Assembly. I am yours &c.

G:W.
Winchester July 21st 1756.


Title: Memorandum, 21 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

[Winchester, 21 July 1756]

Thomas Easly, a Draught from Amelia-County, was discharged; being in a desponding state of health—and having provided an able-bodied man to serve in his room in the Regiment.
Joseph Bell, Draught from Dinwiddie-County, and Christopher Smith, from Gloucester-County, are both discharged; being sick, and unfit for Duty.


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Waggener, 21 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Waggener, Thomas

[Winchester, 21 July 1756]
To Captain Thomas Waggener, on the South-Branch. Sir,

I now enclose you the plans promised in my last; which if you observe, you can not possibly err. The one shews the

Ground-work or foundation of the Fort—The other, the Houses and conveniences therein: with such plain and easy directions for constructing these Buildings, that you cannot mistake the design. You will also receive by Ensign Smith men, to make your company equal to the rest. I most earnestly recommend diligence to you—You must see an indispensable necessity for it.
John Cole, who was appointed to your Company, a Sergeant, has since been broke for neglect of Duty. You will receive him as private and in his room as Sergeant, Mark Hollies.
Fail not to send down per the first opportunity, Campbell the Drummer: nor omit by any conveyance, to transmit me an account of your proceedings. Above all things, guard against Surprizes, by keeping out evening parties to secure your workmen. Your worst men are to be draughted for that duty; reserving the best, to work on the Forts: and they will be allowed double pay for every day they work, of which you and your Officers are to keep accounts. I am &c.

G:W.
Winchester July 21st 1756.


Title: To George Washington from Robert Stewart, 21 July 1756 [letter not found]
From: Stewart, Robert
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Robert Stewart, 21 July 1756. On 22 July 1756 GW wrote to Stewart: “This instant I received yours of yesterdays date.”


Title: From George Washington to Robert Stewart, 22 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Stewart, Robert

[Winchester, 22 July 1756]
To Captain Robert Stewart, at Maidstone. Sir,

Herewith I enclose you two plans of the kind of Forts that are intended to be built—one of the ground-work, the other of the Houses and all conveniences; with such directions, that I think it impossible for you to err—if you will attend thereto. Enclosed you will also receive a list of such Tools as I have been able to procure; with which, and such as you may get of the Inhabitants, by borrowing, hiring and buying, you must be content. These must be put into the hands of the best tradesmen, and most laborious workmen; who will receive six-pence extraordinary pay, for every day they work: an account whereof must be kept (exactly) by yourself and officers. The men that remain after the Workers are draughted, must act as covering parties to prevent surprizes; against which you must carefully guard. It is impossible for me to fix upon the identical piece of

ground to erect this fort on—therefore I shall confine you to the most convenient spot, between the mouth of Sleepy-Creek and Barracks, which you will make choice of, with the approbation of your officers. There is a Hill which overlooks Boyles field, and extensive country round that may be made infinitely strong, and will answer the purpose well—If it is not too high and inaccessable; this you must examine into.
I have too great an opinion of your good sense and discretion to think you need any admonition to induce you to a diligent discharge of your Duty! You see our situation, know our danger, and bear witness of the peoples sufferings: which are sufficient excitements to a generous mind.
As many things will occur that I can not possibly direct in—let the interest of the Service and your own prudence—assisted by the advice of the Officers under your command, be your direction. This instant I received yours of yesterdays date, and am extremely sorry that the Indians have visited us at this critical juncture of Harvesting—especially as it will prevent your proceedings in the operations ordered—as your conduct must be guided by the movements and numbers of the Enemy, I will not take upon me to order positively at this distance; but recommend it to you to consult your Officers on all occasions, and act by their advice. If you can learn from good intelligence, that their numbers are great and motions designed for Virginia—endeavour to give the inhabitants notice that they may lodge their women and children, and assist against the enemy.
If you find they are only flying parties of the Indians—I would advise the Settlers by no means to neglect their harvest, as their whole support depends upon it, and your assistance to get it in.
I must order, above all things, that you will send out small parties, or rather single persons as spies every day, up and down the river for a number of miles, to see if they can make any discovery of the enemys crossing. I have sent you two barrels of powder, and four Boxes of Ball: as to cartridge-paper, I neither have nor can get any upon no terms.
You must get Horns and Pouches, if you send over the neighbourhood for them.
Transmit me constant accounts of the enemy, if they continue in your neighbourhood. I am &c.

G:W.

Winchester, July 22, 1756.


Title: To George Washington from William Fairfax, 22 July 1756
From: Fairfax, William
To: Washington, George

Sir
Alexandria 22d July 1756

We have repeated Advices of the Desertio⟨n⟩ of our Militia, wherefore We have had a Meeting of our Officers and agreed that the respective Captain shall on Sunday next wth a sufficient Number of armd Men make diligent Enquiry after and a Search for Such Deserters as are within their Districts and when found and Secured, to have Them conveyd to the public Prison here and afterwards by an Officer to be sent up to Winchester under your Orders. This is all We can do at present. We shall be glad when You are re-inforc’t so as to discharge the Remains of our Militia, who have done more Duty than Others. Wishing You Health and all possible Consolation I remain dear Sr Yr affect. & obedt &c.

W: Fairfax


Title: From George Washington to Benjamin Franklin, 23 July 1756 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Franklin, Benjamin

Letter not found: to Benjamin Franklin, 23 July 1756. On 19 Aug. 1756 Franklin wrote to GW: “I have your Favours of July 23. and Aug. 3.”


Title: Orders, 24–25 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Naples
[24, 25 July 1756]Winchester: Saturday, July 24th 1756.

Omers.
Winchester: Sunday, July 25th 1756.

All the men in town, that are fit for Duty, are to be employed on the public works; and a list of their names given to Major Stephens, who is to have the direction of them. They are to

mount guard in town without exception as the guard is to mount at retreat beating, and repair to their work in the morning at the first dawn, first calling in the Sentries.
The Officer who is then on guard is to take that days tour of Duty, and is to attend at the Fort every morning to hear the Rolls called and see the men appointed to their several duties: For which purpose each officer is to keep an exact roll. This he is also to see done, when they go from their meals.
He is to receive all reports from Major Stevens of the Behaviour of the men, and all other occurrencies that may happen during his tour of duty—and make them to Colonel Washington.
Major Stevens, in consequence of this order, is to appoint all the men to such work as he judges most expedient; and to order all the Sergeants (who are all, except the Sergeant-Major, to be employed in this work) as Directors, to overlook their several parties: and if he finds either of them or the men idle, is to inform the Officer of the day of it, who is to make a report of it to Colonel Washington; that the Offender may be brought to punishment.
The officer of the Day, if any men be absent at roll-calling, is to send a Sergeant immediately in quest of them; and so soon as they are found to be punished directly.
In order that no inconveniences may arise for want of a guard for the security of the Prisoners. The Masons are immediately to repair to the prison; in which they are to be put in the day, and continued therein at night, with a Sentry over them; or else removed to the Guard-house, when the guard is mounted. Major Stevens is to receive a copy of these orders; that he may act conformably thereto.
A Regimental Court martial to sit to-morrow morning, for trial of John Hedgeman.


Title: From George Washington to John Carlyle, 25 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Carlyle, John

To Colonel John Carlyle, in AlexandriaSir,
[Winchester, 25 July 1756]

As I understand there were many Flock-beds left by the British Forces in Alexandria; and as we are much in want of some for the use of the Hospital—I desire you will detain fifty or sixty for that purpose; and send them here by the most convenient opportunity—If there are pillows, bowlsters or sheets belonging to them—you must detain a proportionable quantity of them. We are in want of two Grindstones, one dozen two-inch chisels; one dozen inch ditto, and two carpenters adzes; which I desire may be sent up by the first opportunity. I am &c.

G:W.
Winchester July 25th 1756.


Title: From George Washington to John Campbell, Earl of Loudoun, 25 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Campbell, John

Winchester in Virginia July 25th 1756

To the Right Honourable, John, Earl of Loudon—General and Commander in Chief of all His Majesty’s Forces in North America and Governor and Commander in Chief of His Majesty’s Most antient Colony and Dominion of Virginia.
We the Officers of the Virginia Regiment beg Leave to congratulate Your Lordship on your safe Arrival in America: And to express the deep Sense We have of His Majesty’s great Wisdom and paternal Care for his Colonies in sending your Lordship to their Protection at this critical Juncture. We likewise beg Leave to declare our singular Satisfaction and sanguine Hopes on your Lordship’s immediate Appointment over our Colony, as it in a more especial Manner entitles Us to your Lordship’s Patronage.

Full of Hopes that a perfect Union of the Colonies will be brought about by Your Lordship’s Wisdom and Authority, and big with Expectations of seeing the extravagant Insolence of an Insulting Subtle and Inhuman Enemy restrained, and of having it in our Power to take our desired Revenge: We humbly represent to your Lordship, that We were the first Troops in Action on the Continent on Occasion of the present Broils, And that by several Engagements and continual Skirmishes with the Enemy, We have to our Cost acquired a Knowledge of Them, and of their crafty and cruel Practices, which We are ready to testify with the greatest Chearfulness and Resolution whenever We are so happy as to be honoured with the Execution of your Lordship’s Commands. In Behalf of the Corps

Go: Washington, Colo.


Title: Orders, 27 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Quantico.
Winchester: Tuesday, July 27th 1756.


Title: From George Washington to Robert Stewart, 27 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To: Stewart, Robert

[Winchester, 27 July 1756]
To Captain Robert Stewart, at Maidstone.Sir,

I received yours—and immediately set the Smith to work about the Tools; which you will receive very soon: but as they are not necessary for beginning the work, need not delay you.
I can not pretend at this time to fix on a day for your march as the Enemy are about us—It must be left to yourself to determine: If it can be done without leaving the Inhabitants in danger, the sooner you march the better. But if you judge, from the accounts you receive, that they will be exposed by your quitting the place—I would have you remain there sometime longer. I designed to have made the Gate wider, but thought it would cramp the guard-rooms too much: If you think they will be large enough, you may widen the gate. I desire you will send me an exact Return of your Company, agreeable to the enclosed; and I must have weekly returns made me in the usual manner, of your own Company—and direct Captain Gist to the same.

As to providing a Surgeon for your Detachment, it is impossible it can be done. The Committee have only allowed two; who must be kept at this and Fort Cumberland, as there is the greatest number at those two places. I can not pretend to allow the Doctor now with you any thing, unless upon extraordinary occasions—As to the Officers and men doing it, I have no objection. The Surgeon is obliged to furnish medicines for the men—The Commissary will be down with you to consult on the ways and means of supplying you with provision—As I have no concern with the Provisions nor medicines—you must for the future write to the Commissary and Surgeon upon those heads. I am &c.

G:W.
Winchester, July 27th 1756.


Title: Orders, 28–29 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Rochester.
[28, 29 July 1756]Winchester: Wednesday, July 28th 1756.

Sandwich.
Winchester: Thursday, July 29th 1756.


Title: Orders, 29–30 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

[Winchester, 29, 30 July 1756]

   Orders—
The Quarter-master is to receive from the Militia of King-George and Caroline Counties, the arms, Stores, &c. which they have; to give them a receipt for them; and to make a return to Colonel Washington of what he receives. A court martial to sit immediately for trial of David McJennet for striking Sergeant Matthews.

Tunbridge.
Winchester: Friday, July 30th 1756.

Colonel Washington takes this method to inform the inhabitants of this town, that the Militia will be discharged in a short time, and consequently the completing of the Fort be much retarded: He therefore hopes, and desires every family in town, will send a man to work upon it—and that every young Fellow, without the charge of a family, will readily give his assistance towards it.
As this public work is intended for the general good of the Country, it is hoped no other arguments need to be used to induce the towns people to contribute their assistance, than the singular advantages which must inevitably arise to this place in particular, both now and hereafter.

The Adjutant must acquaint the Inhabitants of the above orders, and use his endeavours to enforce them.


Title: To George Washington from Christopher Gist, 30 July 1756
From: Gist, Christopher
To: Washington, George

Sir
Conegocheeg [Md.] 30th July 1756.

Inclosed you have my Companys Receipts as far as I have been able to have them Signed, the two Wilsons are yet with Govr Sharpe, Thomas Pritchard is with You, or at Edwards’s, Gist Vaughan is on Command after Deserters, that left Us sometime before we went to Fort Cumberland; George Plummer and William Fulton are dead. Pray speak to Mr Kirkpatrick to Settle my Country Accots with the Bearer, I have sent what Accots I have paid here with the Receipts, hope to receive that money with the Ballance of the Country Accot by the Bearer, as I imagine there is a large Sum due to me & my Son for Recruiting.
I should be obliged to You for your Interest to Mr Welder to be Deputy Commissary at Maidstone if any occasion for one there. I am sir Your most hume Servt

Christr Gist

Please to forward the inclosed Letters.


Title: Orders, 31 July 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Virginia.
Winchester: Saturday, July 31st 1756.


Title: To George Washington from Peter Hog, 31 July 1756 [letter not found]
From: Hog, Peter
To: Washington, George

Letter not found: from Peter Hog, 31 July 1756. On 8 Sept. 1756 GW wrote to Hog: “By Captain McNiel I received only a part of yours, dated the 31st July.”


Title: To George Washington from Robert Stewart, 31 July 1756
From: Stewart, Robert
To: Washington, George

Sir
Maidstone July 31st 1756

Tho’ I wrote you yesterday by Capt. Gist’s Clerk, by whom I sent my Roll & Receipts for the Months of May & June yet

judge it necessary to write you again by this Express as I have now certain Intelligence of the Enemy’s having got in the Virginia side of the Potomack. About 9 oClock last night one of our Sentrys Fir’d (he affirms at two Indians who was creeping up to view the Entrenchment) upon which we immediately got to our alarm Posts but as no Attack ensued, detach’d a party to Reconno[ite]r the adjacent Risings the out side of where our advanc’d Sentrys were plac’d and remain’d under Arms at our Posts, soon after the party return’d without making the least discovery; at Reville Beating this Morning sent out a Command to protect some Reapers & to endeavour to procure Intelligence—Between 12 & 1 oClock this day had intelligence that a party of the Enemy had this Morning at Sun rise Captivated Clem Gilleham a Man & John Huffman a Boy, four Miles from hence on the Winchester Road, just after had information from the other side the River that about 10 oClock a Party of the Enemy was seen Cross from Virginia to Maryland with 2 prisoners therefore as we were almost certain it was the same Party that had Captivated the above prisoners, and as we had then a party out, our Men prodigiously harass’d with constant partys and many of them Sick, and the whole getting in order to March from hence the day after to Morrow did not think it Expedient to detach any more ’till the others return’d except a few single persons by way of Spys and to give Notice of the Enemy’s vicinity to the Inhabitants.
Some of the Sentrys at Fort Frederick have been Fir’d at & Fort Granvile on the Frontier of Pensylvania was last week attack’d by a large Body but the Pensilvanians after sustaining a constant Fire for five hours repuls’d the Enemy cheifly by the assistance of some Swivells that were well serv’d[.] Col. Crisop this day inform’d me that every Family between the mouth of this Creek and Carlile Town in Pensilvania are fled and that the Inhabitants of that Town are abandoning their Houses in the utmost consternation.
I am this Moment inform’d that a man was this day found Scalp’d on the Main Road between the Mouth of the Creek and Governor Sharpe’s Most people imagine that there’s a very considerable Body of the Enemy and that they have some particular place of Rendevouse in the Mountains from whence they send these partys into the different Provinces The people

on this side are excessively terrified and some are mov’d in here, and am inform’d by severals who are come up the River that most of the Inhabitants on this side the River quite down to the Mouth of Shannandoe have resolv’d to fly so soon as we decamp from here, therefore I am much at a loss what to do without your orders for our Number is too small to divide and should we deferr Marching we will not have time to compleat our Operations before the rigurous Season comes on, and should we March, this part of the Country will by the timidity of the Inhabitants be laid Waste I am With great respect Sir Your Obedt hume Servt

Robert Stewart


Title: Orders, 1 August 1756
From: Washington, George
To:

Wilmington—
Winchester: Sunday, August 1st 1756.

It has been told Colonel Washington; that the Soldiers continue still to sell their Clothes, &c. notwithstanding the several strict orders given to the contrary. He now for the last time, informs them, that the first Offender shall receive five hundred lashes, without benefit of a court-martial; and the Buyer, who is now to blame, by encouraging the Soldiers to such practice; shall directly be prosecuted according to Law, and made pay the penalty thereby inflicted, of twenty pounds for every offence.