Title: From Alexander Hamilton to Anthony Wayne, 28 September 1780
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Wayne, Anthony

                            Sir
                            Hd Qrs Sepr 28 1780

                        The General desires you on receipt of this to send a party of fifty men to proceed ten miles down the River
                            road beyond to the ferry to give security to the guards who are conducting the prisoners to Head Quarters on an upper
                            route. I am Yr most Obedt servant

                            Alex. Hamilton
                            Aide De Camp


Title: General Orders, 29 September 1780
From: Washington, George
To:

                            Head Quarters Orangetown Friday September 29th 1780
                            Parole Pennsylvania
                            Countersigns Peru
                            Watchword Prepare Po.

                        For the day tomorrow
                        Brigadier General Stark
                        Colonel Angell
                        Lieutenant Colonel Newall
                        Major Reid
                        Brigade Major Ashley


Title: John André’s Statement, 29 September 1780
From: André, John
To:

                                29 September 1780

                        On the 20th of Sept. I left New York to get on board the Vulture in order as I thought to meet General
                            Arnold there in the night. No boat however came off and I waited on board until the night of the 21st. During the day a
                            flag of Truce was sent from the Vulture to complain of the Violation of a military rule in the Instance of a boat having
                            been decoy’d on Shore by a Flag and fired upon. The Letter was address’d to General Arnold Signed by Captain Sutherland,
                            but written in my hand & countersigned "J. Anderson Secry" its intent was to indicate my presence on board the
                            Vulture. In the night of the 21st a boat wth Mr  and two hands came
                            on board in Order to fetch Mr Anderson on Shore & if too late to bring me back to lodge me until the next night in
                            a place of Safety. I went into the boat, landed and spoke with Arnold, I got on horseback with him to proceed to  House and on the Way passed a Guard I did not expect to See, having
                            S.H. Clintons directions not to go within an Enemy post or to quit my own dress. In the Morning A. quitted in having
                            himself made me put the Papers I bore between my Stockings & Feet, whilst he did it he
                            express’d a wish in Case of any Accident befalling me, that they Should be destroy’d which I said of course woud be the
                            Case as when I went into the boat I should have them tied about with a String and a Stone. Before We parted Some Mention
                            had been made of my crossing the River and going by another route but I objected much against it and thought it was
                            settled that in the Way I came I was also to return.  to my great
                            mortification persisted in his determination of carrying me by the other route and at the decline, of the Sun I sat out on
                            horseback pass’d Kings Ferry, & came to Crumpond where a party of militia stopped us and advised we should remain.
                            In the morning I came with  as far as within two miles and a half of
                            Pines-Bridge where he Said he must part with me as the Cow Boys infested the Road thenceforward. I was now near 30 Miles
                            from Kings bridge and left to the Chance of passing that Space undiscoverd. I got to the neighbourhood of Terry Town which
                            was far beyond the points describ’d as dangerous when I was taken by three Volunteers who not satisfied with my pass
                            ruffled me and finding papers Made me a Prisoner. I have omittd mentioning that when I found myself within an Enemys posts
                            I chang’d my dress.


Title: From George Washington to Nathanael Greene, 29 September 1780
From: Washington, George
To: Greene, Nathanael

                            Gentlemen,
                            Head Quarters Tappan Sepr 29th 1780

                        Major André, Adjutant General, to the British army will be brought before you for your examination. He came
                            within our lines in the night on an interview with Major General Arnold and in an assumed character; and was taken within
                            our lines, in a disguised habit, with a pass under a feigned name, and with the inclosed papers concealed upon him. After a
                            careful examination, you will be pleased, as speedily as possible, to report a precise state of his case, together with
                            your opinion of the light, in which he ought to be considered, and the punishment, that ought to be inflicted. The Judge
                            Advocate will attend to assist in the examination, who has sundry other papers, relative to this matter, which he will lay
                            before the Board. I have the honor to be Gentlemen Your most Obedt & humble servant

                            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Samuel Huntington, 29 September 1780
From: Huntington, Samuel
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,Philadelphia September 29 7 oClock P.M. 1780

                        I am honored with your Excellency’s Despatches of the 26 Instant, which will be laid before Congress in the
                            Morning. We had before received Intelligence from General Greene, that Genl Arnold was gone over to the Enemy. Immediately
                            Orders were given to search, & seize his Papers & Effects to be found here, which was speedily executed,
                            but I am not yet advised of what particular Discoveries have been made. With Congratulations on your return to the Army I
                            have the Honor to be your most obedient Servant

                            Sam. Huntington


Title: To George Washington from Peter Muhlenberg, 29 September 1780
From: Muhlenberg, Peter
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Richmond Septr 29th 1780

                        Lieut. Colo. Richd Campbell, who has been two Campaigns with the 9th Regt at Fort Pitt requests me to make
                            application to Your Excellency: for permission to exchange with Lt Colo. Richard Taylor, who is at present arrangd to the
                            11th Regt but wishes to exchange it for the 9thas Your Excellency is perfectly acquainted with the Character of both the
                            Gentlemen, I will only beg leave to say, that by the exchange, the different Genius of both would be suited & the
                            Service benefitted—The new Levies of the lower Counties are nearly collected, and reforming into Battallions but we are as
                            yet totally destitute of every Article necessary to equipp them for the Field—The Levies from the upper Counties, are by
                            order of The Governor & Council to March by the nearest rout to Hillsborough—there are about 300 old draughts
                            remaining, who were formerly draughted for twelve Months, but never calld into the Service as these have not been arrangd
                            by Your Excellency, The Governor wishes they may be allotted to Colo. Harrisons Regt of Artillery; and orders have been
                            accordingly sent to the Officers appointed to collect them, to march them to Chesterfield Court House for that purpose. I have the Honor to be with great Respect Your
                            Excellencys Most Obedt hble Servt

                            P. Muhlenberg


Title: To George Washington from Nathanael Greene, 29 September 1780
From: Greene, Nathanael
To: Washington, George

                             29 September 1780

                        Proceedings of A Board of General officers held by Order of His Excellency General Washington, Commander in
                            Chief of the Army of the United States of America; respecting Major André Adjutant General of the Brittish Army September
                            29th 1780 at Tappan in the State of New York.
                        Present
                        Major General Green President
                        Major General Lord SterlingMajor Genl St ClairMajor General The Marquis de la FayetteMajor Genl HoweMajor General The Baron de SteubenBrigadier Genl ParsonsBrigadier General ClintonBrigadier Genl KnoxBrigadier Genl GloverBrigr Genl PattersonBrigadier Genl HandBrigr Genl HuntingdonBrigadier Genl Starke

                           John Laurance J.A. Genl
                        Major André Adjutant General to the Brittish Army was brought before the Board, and the following Letter from
                            General Washington to the Board dated Head Quarters Tappan Sepr 29th 1780 was laid before them and read. it is annexed.
                            The Names of the Officers composing the Board were read to Major André, and on his being asked Whether he confessed the
                            Matters contained in the Letter from His Excellency Genl Washington to the Board, or denied them he said, in addition to
                            His Letter to General Washington dated Salem the 24th Sept. 1780 which was read to the Board, and acknowledged by Major
                            André to have been written by him. which Letter is annexed. That he came on Shore from the Vulture Sloop of War in the
                            Night of the twenty first of September Instant, somewhere under the Haverstraw Mountain. That the Boat he came on Shore
                            in, carried no Flag, and that he had on a Surtout Coat over his Regimentals, and that he wore his Surtout Coat, when he
                            was taken. That he met General Arnold on the Shore and had an Interview with him there. he also said that when he left the
                            Vulture Sloop of War, it was understood he was to return that night; but it was then doubted, and if he could not return
                            he was promised to be concealed on Shore, in a place of Safety, until the next night, when he was to return in the same
                            manner he came on Shore; and when the next day came he was solicitory to get back; and made enquiries in the course of the
                            Day, how he should return, when he was informed he could not return that Way and he must take the Rout he did afterward,
                            he also said that the first notice he had of his being within any of our Posts, was being Challenged by the Sentry, which
                            was the first night he was on Shore. he also said that the Evening of the twenty second of September Instant he passed
                            Kings Ferry between our Posts of Stoney and Verplancks Points, in the Dress he is at present in, and which he said is not
                            his Regimentals, and which dress he procured, after he landed from the Vulture and when he was within our Post, and that
                            he was proceeding to New York, but he was taken on his Way at Tarry Town, as he has mentioned in his Letter, on Saturday
                            the Twenty third of September Instant about nine oClock in the Morning.
                        The following Papers were laid before the Board and shewn to Major Andre, who confessed to the Board that
                            they were found on him when he was taken; and said they were concealed in his Boot, except the pass. A Pass from General
                            Arnold, to John Anderson, which Name Major André acknowledged he Assumed. Artillery Orders Sep. 5 1780. Estimate of the
                            Force at West Point, and its dependencies Sepr 1780 Estimate of Men to man the Works at West Point &ca. Return of
                            Ordnance West Point Sepr 1780 Remarks on Works at West Point a Copy to be Transmitted His Excellency Genl Washington Sep.
                            1780. Copy of a State of Matter laid before a Council of War by His Excellency General Washington held Sepr 6 1780. all
                            which are annexed.

                            A letter signed John Anderson dated Sepr 7 1780 to Col. Sheldon was also laid before the Board, and
                            shewn to Major André, which he acknowledged to have been written by him. it is annexed. Major André observed that this
                            Letter could be of no Force in the case in Question as it was written in New York when he was under the Orders of General
                            Clinton, but that it tended to prove that it was not his Intention to come within our Lines. The Board having interrogated
                            Major Andre about his Conception of his coming on Shore under the Sanction of a Flag, he said that it was impossible for
                            him to suppose he came on Shore under that Sanction, and added that if he came on shore under that Sanction he certainly
                            might have returned under it.
                        Major André having acknowledged the preceeding Facts, and being asked Whether he had any thing to say
                            respecting them answered he left them to operate with the Board.
                        The Examination of Major André being concluded he was remanded into Custody.
                        The following Letters were laid before the Board and read, And are annexed, to wit Benedict Arnolds Letter to
                            General Washington dated Sepr 25 1780—Col. Robinsons Letter to General Washington dated Sepr 25 1780 and General Clintons
                            Letters dated Sepr 26 1780 (inclosing a Letter of the same date from Benedict Arnold) to General Washington.
                        The Board having considered the Letter from His Excellency General Washington respecting Major André Adjutant
                            General to the Brittish Army, the Confession of Major André and the Papers produced to them report to His Excellency the
                            Commander in Chief the following Facts which appear to them relative to Major Andre. First That he came on shore from the
                            Vulture Sloop of War in the Night of the twenty first of September Instant on an Interview with General Arnold in a
                            private and secret manner. Secondly That he changed his Dress within our Lines and under a feigned Name and in a
                            Disguished habit passed our Works at Stoney and Verplancks Point the Evening of the twenty second of September Instant and
                            was taken the Morning of the Twenty third of September Instant at Tarry Town in a Disguished Habit being then on his Way
                            to New York, and when taken, he had in his Possession several Papers which contained Intelligence for the Enemy. The Board
                            having maturely considered these Facts do also report to His Excellency General Washington that Major André Adjutant
                            General to the Brittish Army ought to be considered as a Spy, from the Enemy, and that agreeable to the Law and Usuage of
                            Nations it is their opinion he ought to suffer Death.
                        Saml H. Parsons B. GenlNath. Greene M. Genl Pres.James Clinton B. Gl Stirling, M.G.H. Knox Brigr Genl ArtilleryAr. St Clair M.G.Jno. Glover  B. GeneralLafayette  M.G.John Paterson  B. General   R. Howe  M.G.Edwd Hand  B.G.Steuben  M.G.
J. Huntington B. GenlJohn Stark B. Genl


Title: To George Washington from James Robertson, 29 September 1780
From: Robertson, James
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            New York 29th Septr 1780

                        Perswaded that you are inclined rather to promote than prevent the Civilitys and Acts of humanity which the
                            rules of War permit between civilized Nations, I find no difficulty in representing to you that several letters and
                            messages sent from hence have been disregarded, are unanswered, and the flags of truce that carryed them detained—As I
                            ever have treated all flags of truce with Civility & Respect, I have a right to hope, that you will order my
                            complaint to be immediately redressed.
                        Major André who visited an officer Commanding in a district at his own desire, and acted in every
                            circumstance agreeable to his direction, I find is detained a prisoner; my friendship for him leads me to fear he may
                            suffer some inconvenience for want of necessarys, I wish to be allowed to send him a few, and shall take it as a favor if
                            you will be pleased to permit his Servant to deliver them—In Sir Henry Clinton’s absence it becomes a part of my duty to
                            make this representation and request. I am, Sir, Your Excellencys, Most Obedient humble Servant,

                            James Robertson
                            Lt General


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Wooster, 29 September 1780
From: Wooster, Thomas
To: Washington, George

                            Sire
                            New Haven Sepr 29th 1780

                        Permit me to address you by that Title, as being the Father and Saviour of your Country; and at the same time
                            pardon the impertinent boldness of what I am about to request, as it flows from a sincere Love of my Country; and a
                            particular veneration for your Person and Character.
                        It is now eighteen Months since with the greatest reluctance, I resign’d the Post I held in the Army, owing
                            mostly to a disagreable misunderstanding, between the Officers of our chief in general, and myself in particular, with the
                            commanding officer of the Regiment at that time, which occasion’d a considerable number of them to resign, as well as
                            myself; his manner of behaviour to us, which was the cause of our resignation, Col. Humphry can inform your Excellency as
                            well as myself—I find that I cannot remain easy at Home, an idle Spectator, as long as the War lasts; and at the same time
                            am sensible, that my resignation has entirely precluded me, from the Line of the Army for the future; but still shou’d be
                            exceeding glad, to rejoin it again in some Character, where I cou’d have an opportunity of serving my Country in some
                            measure, and also of gaining the most knowledge to myself: these considerations have induc’d me to request your Excellency
                            wou’d permit me, to serve in your Family as a Volunteer, if it is consistent with the rules and customs of the Army, and
                            your own inclination; I shou’d expect to continue with the Army, as long as the War lasted, (if my Life was spar’d) and
                            shou’d think myself very happy, to be so near your Excellency, that I might form myself, both by your
                            precepts and example—If my request shou’d not be thought improper, but shou’d be agreable to your Excellency be pleas’d
                            to communicate it to Col. Humphry and he will inform me of your sentiments on the matter, by the first opportunity. I have
                            the Honour to be your Excellencys Most Obedt And very Hbl. Sert

                            Thos Wooster


Title: General Orders, 30 September 1780
From: Washington, George
To:

                            Head Quarters Orangetown Saturday September 30th 1780
                            Parole Green:
                            Countersigns Greece,
                            Watchword Gallant Guard

                        For the day Tomorrow        Brigadier General ClintonColonel VoseLieutenant Colonel BadlamMajor ThroopBrigade Major DarbyFor DetachmentMajor Winslow
                        The Brigade Quarter masters are to make out returns of the number of Tents absolutely wanting to cover the
                            men agreeably to the regulations; These to be signed by the officers commanding brigades and sent to the Quarter masters
                            store this afternoon.
                        Twelve waggoners to be drafted from the line and sent to the Grand parade tomorrow at Guard mounting.
                        Colonel Pickering having been appointed by the Honorable the Congress Quarter Master General to the Army of
                            the United States; he is to be obeyed and respected as such. Henry Emanuel Lutterloh Esquire is also appointed Commissary
                            of Forage.
                        As the direction of the Waggon Department is a charge of great importance (in foreign Armies generally
                            intrusted to a Field officer of the line) and as it is thought the service will be benefitted by a similar practice in our
                            Army Major Cogswell of the first Massachusetts’ regiment is appointed Waggon Master to the Main Army and is to be obeyed
                            as such.
                        The Commander in Chief takes this occasion to thank Major General Greene for the able and satisfactory manner
                            in which he discharged the duties of the Quarter Master General’s department during his continuance in office; and to
                            Express his Approbation of his Conduct and orders in the Absence of the General.


Title: From George Washington to Henry Clinton, 30 September 1780
From: Washington, George
To: Clinton, Henry

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters Septemr 30th 1780

                        In answer to Your Excellency’s letter of the 26th instant, which I have had the honor to receive, I am to
                            inform you, that Major André was taken under such circumstances, as would have justified the most summary proceedings
                            against him. I determined, however, to refer his case to the examination and decision of a Board of General Officers, who
                            have, on his free and voluntary confession and letters, reported—First. "That he came on shore from the Vulture Sloop of
                            War in the night of the twenty first of September last on an interview with General Arnold in a private and secret manner.
                            secondly—that he changed his dress within our lines, and under a feigned name and in a disguised Habit, passed our Works
                            at Stony and Verplanks points the evening of the twenty second of September last, and was taken the morning of the twenty
                            third of September last, at Tarry Town, in a disguised Habit, being then on his way to New York, and when taken, he had in
                            his possession several papers which contained intelligence for the Enemy. The Board having maturely considered these facts
                            do also report to his Excellency Genl Washington that Major André Adjutant General to the British Army ought to be
                            considered as a Spy from the Enemy, and that agreeable to the law and usage of Nations it is their opinion he ought to
                            suffer death."
                        From these proceedings it is evident Major André was employed in the execution of Measures, very foreign to
                            the objects of Flags of Truce, and such as they were never meant to authorise or countenance in the most distant
                            degree—and this Gentleman confessed with the greatest candor in the course of his examination "that it was impossible for
                            him to suppose he came on shore under the sanction of a Flag." I have the honor to be Your Excellency’s Most obt and most
                            hble Servt

                            Go: Washington

                     Enclosure

                                Sir,
                                Tapaan 29th September 1780

                            Your Excellency is doubtless already apprised of the Manner in which I was taken; and possibly of the
                                Serious Light in which my Conduct is considered and the rigorous Determination that is impending.
                            Under these Circumstances I have obtained General Washington’s Permission to send You this Letter. The
                                object of which is to remove from your Breast any Suspicion that I could imagine I was bound by your Excellency’s
                                Orders to expose myself to what has happened. The Events of coming within an Enemy’s Posts, and of changing my Dress,
                                which led me to my present Situation, were contrary to my own Intentions, as they were to your Orders. And the
                                circuitous Route which I took to return was imposed (perhaps unavoidably) without Alternative upon me.
                            I am perfectly tranquil in Mind, and prepared for any Fate, to which an honest Zeal for my Kings Service
                                may have devoted me.
                            In addressing myself to Your Excellency on this Occasion, the Force of all my Obligations to You, and of
                                the Attachment & Gratitude I bear you, recurs to me. With all the Warmth of my Heart, I give you Thanks for
                                Your Excellency’s profuse Kindness to me; and I send You the most earnest Wishes for your Welfare, which a faithfull,
                                affectionate, and respectful Attendant can frame.
                            I have a Mother and three Sisters, to whom the Value of my Commission would be an Object, as the Loss of
                                Grenada has much affected their Income. It is needless to be more explicit on this Subject. I am persuaded of your
                                Excellency’s Goodness.
                            I receive the greatest Attention from his Excellency General Washington, and from every Person under
                                whose Charge I happen to be placed. I have the Honor to be with the most respectful Attachment, Your
                                    Excellency’s &c.

                                (Signed) John Andre
                                Adjt General


Title: To George Washington from Henry Clinton, 30 September 1780
From: Clinton, Henry
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            New York Septr 30th 1780

                        From Your Excellency’s Letter of this date, I am persuaded the Board of General Officers, to whom You
                            referred the case of Major André, can’t have been rightly informed of all the circumstances on which a Judgement ought to
                            be formed. I think it of the highest Moment to Humanity that your Excellency should be perfectly apprised of the State of
                            this Matter before you proceed to put that Judgement in Execution.
                        For this reason I shall send His Exy Lt General Robertson and Two other Gentlemen, to give you a true State
                            of facts, and to declare to You my Sentiments and Resolutions. They will set out tomorrow as early as the Wind and Tide
                            will permit, and wait near Dobb’s Ferry for Your permission and safe Conduct to meet Your Excellency or such persons as
                            You may appoint to converse with them on this Subject. I have the honor to be Your Excellency’s Most Obedient and Most
                            humble Servt

                            H. Clinton

                            P.S. The Honble Andrew Elliot Esqr Lieut. Governor, & The Honble William Smith Chief Justice of
                                this Province will attend His Excy Lieut. General Robertson.

                            H.C.


Title: To George Washington from William Heath, 30 September 1780
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General
                            Newport September 30th 1780

                        I am just honored with yours of the 26th instant. Shall prepare to set out for the Army as soon as possible.
                        The conduct of Major General Arnold is astonishing. I think it a kind interposition of Heaven that his
                            traiterous designs were so seasonably discovered.
                        A Frigate arrived here the last night from France by the way of the West Indies. I apprehend Genl Rochambeau
                            will give your Excellency all the news she has brought.
                        Enclosed is my last intelligence from Colo. Ledyard. I have the honor to be With great Respect your
                            Excellencys Most obedient Servt

                            W. Heath

                     Enclosure

                                Sir
                                New London 29th Septr 1780

                            your agreable favour of the 21th Inst. duly recd & will pay due regard to its Contents, a
                                Privateer belonging to this place arrivd here this day with a prize she took within Sandy Hook having On Board a
                                Company of New Levies consisting of 50 Men which were bound from Staten Island to the Light House in order to Releive
                                a guard there, by the officers of this Company am informed that Adml Rodney was to have sailed last Tuesday with the
                                Squardron with him said to be Bound to join the Fleet under Command of Adml Arbuthnot now in Gardiners Bay, the Winds
                                since untill Yesterday blowing Easterly suppose prevented, expect to se them now soon I Sent on a Guard Boat to Long
                                Island last evening where the returns will inform you if any thing worthy noticed or if Adml Rodney appears, could wish
                                the expresses might be directed to call on me as they pass which would not detain them at any time five Minutes Your
                                Most Obt Servt

                                Wm Ledyard


Title: To George Washington from Francisco Rendón, 30 September 1780
From: Rendón, Francisco
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Philadelphia Septr 30th 1780.

                        Under date of the 29th July Last I had the honor to write your Excy acquainting you with the honorable
                            Comision, which the Govor and Captn General of Havana has favor me with proceeding from the Demise of my Chief Don Juan de
                            Miralles, when I convey’d a Letter which that General had sent me for your Excy and another from Mrs Miralles; I have not
                            had an account from your Excy of their receival to acquaint the said Govor of their being got to hand: with that motive
                            and in case they have been miscarry’d: I take the Liberty to Convey by this opportunity the Duplicates I have received by
                            a Vessell arrived to this Port the 27th Inst. and likewise Duplicate of my Letter, that Your Excy be acquainted with every
                            thing; and with the answer which you’ll be pleas’d to favor me with. I will acquaint the abovementioned Governor and
                            Captain General.
                        By the Same Vessell I have received a Private Letter in which I’am acquainted with the Operations which are
                            to be performed by the Arms of the King my Master, against the Places in posetion of the Enemy, on the Southern parts of
                            this Continent, of which I send your Excellency an Extract, to the end that your Excellency may adopt the most Convenient
                            dispositions to Coad-Aid to the acquisition of the best Exit to the Common Cause which they defend, of
                            so much Importance to the felicity of these United States, and in Case that the Concequences shoud require it and that Your
                            Excy has any Important matter to comunicate to the Said Governor of Havana that may Contribute to the good end, I shall
                            immediatedly on my being acquainted Charter a Vessell to go on that purpose on which your Excy may rely, and that I remain
                            with the greatest respect—Sir Your Excy’s most obedt and most Hble Servt

                            Francisco Rendon

                     Enclosure

                                    10 September 1780

                            Extract of a Letter wrote to Don Franco Rendon dated at the Havannah the 10th Septr 1780
                            Private
                            Don Bernardo de Galvez General of the Spanish Forces in the Province of Luiciana arrived here the 2d
                                August Ultimo with the pretence of taking Troops and Ships, and direct his Operations to the Conquest of Pansacola,
                                with which Object, he is to sail from this Port between the 15th and 20th Inst. with a Fleet Composed of Six Ships of
                                the Line and above four thousand Troops: Strength which leave hopes of the probability of the
                                Conquest.
                            The Expedition which is to go against St Augustin of Florida is going to be immediatedly determined, this
                                will be Commanded by the Lieutt General Mr de Narra who has arrived at this Port with Ten thousand Troops and Twelve
                                Ships of the Line under the Command of Mr Solano.


Title: From George Washington to James Robertson, 30 September 1780
From: Washington, George
To: Robertson, James

                            Sir
                            Tappan Spt 30th 1780

                        I have just received Your Letter of the 29th. Any delay which may attend your flags has proceeded from
                            accident and the peculiar circumstances of the occasion, not from intentional neglect or violation. The letter, that
                            admitted of an answer, has received One as early as it could be given with propriety, transmitted by a Flag this morning—
                            As to messages, I am uninformed of any that have been sent.
                        The necessaries for Major André will be delivered to him agreeable to your request. I am, Sir Your Most Obdt
                            & humble Servant

                            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Charles Stewart, 30 September 1780
From: Stewart, Charles
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Camp Tappan 30th Sept 1780

                        The quantity of flour in the Magazine at Camp and in the hands of the Brigade Commissarys will only supply
                            the Troops for to morrow. By Letters from Philada of the 26th Instant and from Trenton of the 27th from my Deputys, am
                            informed there was then none on hand at those places. So that the two hundred Barrells ordered from West point is all the
                            flour that We are now sure of, I am therefore under the disagreeable necessity of informing Your Excellency that unless
                            uncommon delegince is used in getting that Article from Pennsylvania or New York at the end of three days The Army will be
                            again without Bread. I am most respectfully Your Excellencys most Obedient Servant.

                            Chas Stewart
                            Commy Gen. Issues


Title: To George Washington from Henry Lee, September 1780
From: Lee, Henry
To: Washington, George

                            Sir

                                c.September 1780

                        I have engaged two persons to undertake the accomplishment of your Excellency’s wishes. In my negotiation I
                            have said little or nothing concerning your Excellency as I presumed it would operate disagreeably, should the issue prove
                            disastrous.
                        the cheif of the two persons is a sergeant in my cavalry. To him I have promised promotion, the other is an
                            inhabitant of Newark; I have had experience of his fidelity, & his connexions with the enemy render him with his
                            personal qualifications very fit for the business—To this man I have engaged one hund. guineas, five hundd acres of land
                            & three negroes. I gave him the promise of negroes because he is engaged in aiding me to destroy the refugees at
                            Bergen point: success there, puts it in my power to reward him according to compact. If nothing is done, he is to receive
                            an additional sum of money. The outlines of the scheme which I have recommended are, that the sergeant should join Gen.
                            Arnold as a deserter from us, should engage in his corps now raising, & should contrive to insinuate himself into
                            some menial or military birth about the Genls person—that a correspondence should be kept up with the man in Newark, by
                            the latters visiting the former every two days. When the favorable moment arrives they should seize the prize in the
                            night, gag him; & bring him across to Bergen woods.
                        If your Excellency approves of what is done, the sergeant will desert from us tomorrow—a few guineas will be
                            necessary for him. I have advised that no third person be admitted into the vertuous conspiracy, as two appear to me
                            adequate to the execution of it.
                        the sergeant is a very promising youth of uncommon taciturnity & invincible perseverance. His
                            connexions and his service in the army from the beginning of the war assure me that he will be faithful. I have instructed
                            him not to return till he receives direction from me, but to continue his attempts, however unfavorable the prospect may
                            appear at first. I have excited his thirst for fame by impressing on his mind the virtue & glory of the act.
                        I subjoin Sir for your Excellencys information my last account from New York. the fleets which sailed from
                            sandy hook on monday last are under convoy of two 74s & four row galleys. the Sandwich & one 74 lay at New
                            York. It is not certain, but very probable, that Gen. Clinton is gone with the fleet. Virginia pilots were taken on board.
                            the embarkation consists of the British Grenadiers & Light Infantry. the 49, the 82, & another regt two
                            companys provincials & 70 horse the Cork fleet arrived on sunday; they report in newyork that
                            five thousand five hund. men came with this fleet from England that part have gone to Carolina, the other part were
                            arrived at New York. the fleet have some troops on board, chiefly Hessians. one of my informants counted the number of
                            ships & says there were but 70 sail. of  the number of troops must be very
                            inconsiderable. the cheif part of the army lays at White stone on Long island. the 54 regt at Poules hook; one
                            hessian regt &  at the watering place on Staten isld the 23 at the
                            flags staff, Senicois rangers at Richmond. I have the honor to be sir most respectfully—your Excys ob. sert

                            Henry Lee Junr


Title: General Orders, 1 October 1780
From: Washington, George
To:

                            Head Quarters Orangetown Sunday October 1st 1780
                            Parole Hellespont
                            Countersigns M:G:
                            Watchword Look about

                        For the day Tomorrow Brigadier General GloverColonel CilleyLieutenant Colonel Dearborn
  Major HarwoodBrigade Major Pettingall

                        The Board of General officers appointed to examine into the Case of Major André have reported.
                        1st "That he came on shore from the Vulture sloop of War in the night of the 21st of
                            September last on an interview with General Arnold in a private and secret manner.
                        2ndly "That he changed his dress within our Lines and
                        under a feigned name and in a disguised habit passed our works at Stoney and Vere-Planks Points the Evening
                            of the 22d of September last and was taken the morning of the 23d of September last at Tarrytown in a disguised habit
                            being then on his way to New York; and when taken he had in his possession several Papers which contain’d intelligence for
                            the Enemy."
                        The Board having maturely considered these Facts do also report to his Excellency General Washington
                        "That Major Andrè Adjutant General to the British Army ought to be considered as a spy from the Enemy and
                            that agreeable to the Law and usage of nations it is their opinion he ought to suffer Death."
                        The Commander in Chief directs the execution of the above Sentence in the usual way this afternoon at five
                            ô’clock precisely.
                        At a division General Court martial the 11th of September last Lieutenant Colonel Commandant Sherman
                            President, Major Albert Chapman was tried upon the following Charges
                        1st "For Embezzling Public Property and endeavouring to induce the Quarter master of
                            the regiment to assist him in embezzling powder for his own private use.
                        2d "For making up two enormous bills against Colonel Nelson an inhabitant of
                            Morristown for taking up a strayed horse the property of said Nelson and that without any expence to himself.
                        3d "For giving a Certificate to a soldier in the 7th regiment that he was inlisted
                            for three years only, when he had repeatedly muster’d him for during the war and sworn to the Muster
                            Rolls."

                        The Court on considering the first and third Charges against Major Chapman are of opinion the charge of
                            Embezzling public property is not supported therefore do acquit him of it; but find him guilty of the other part of the
                            first and third charge being a breach of Article 5th Section 18th of the Articles of War and do sentence him to be
                            reprimanded in Division orders.
                        The General is sorry to be under the disagreeable necessity of differing in opinion with the Court, but he
                            thinks the sentence entirely inadequate to charges of so serious a nature as those of which they find Major Chapman
                            guilty. He is released from Arrest.
                        There was a mistake in entering the evening order of the 25th ultimo: instead of the Pennsylvania division
                            the first Pennsylvania brigade only should have been mentioned as the second brigade did not receive marching orders ’till
                            several hours after.
                        After Orders
                        The Execution of Major André is postponed ’till tomorrow.
                        Evening Orders
                        Major André is to be executed tomorrow at twelve ôclock precisely a Battalion of Eighty files from each wing
                            to attend the Execution.


Title: To George Washington from John André, 1 October 1780
From: André, John
To: Washington, George

                     Sir
                     Tapaan the 1st October 1780

                  Buoy’d above the Terror of Death by the Consciousness of a Life
                     devoted to honorable pursuits and stained with no Action that can give me
                     Remorse, I trust the Request I make to your Excellency at this serious period
                     and which is to soften my last moments will not be rejected.
                  Sympathy towards a Soldier will surely induce Your Excellency and
                     a military Tribunal to adapt the mode of my death to the feelings of a Man of
                     honour.
                  Let me hope Sir, that if ought in my character impresses you with
                     Esteem towards me, if ought in my Misfortunes marks me as the Victim of policy
                     and not of Resentment, I shall experience the Operation of these Feelings in
                     your Breast by being informed that I am not to die on a Gibbet. I have the
                     honour to be Your Excellencys Most obedient and most humble Servant

                     John André Adj. Gen.
                     to the Brit: Army


Title: To George Washington from Benedict Arnold, 1 October 1780
From: Arnold, Benedict
To: Washington, George

                     Sir
                     New York October 1st 1780

                  I take this Opportunity to Inform Your Excellency, that I Consider
                     myself no longer Acting under the Commission of Congress: their last to me
                     being among my Papers at West Point You Sir will make such use of it as You
                     think proper.
                  At the same time I beg leave to Assure Your Excellency that my
                     Attachment to the true Interest of my Country is invariable, and that I am
                     actuated by the Same Principle which has ever been the governing Rule of my
                     Conduct in this unhappy Contest. I have the honor to be very Respectfully Your
                     Excellencys Most Obedt Hble Servt

                     B. Arnold


Title: To George Washington from Benedict Arnold, 1 October 1780
From: Arnold, Benedict
To: Washington, George

                     Sir
                     New York Octr 1st 1780

                  The Polite attention shown by Your Excellency and the Gentlemen
                     of Your Fmaily to Mrs Arnold when in distress, demand my grateful
                     acknowlidgement and thanks which I beg leave to present.
                  From Your Excellencys Letter to Sr Henry Clinton, I find a Board
                     of General Officers have given it as their Opinion that Major André comes under
                     the description of a Spy: my good Opinion of the Candor, and Justice of those
                     Gentlemen leads me to believe that If they had been more fully acquainted with
                     every Circumstance respecting Major André, that they would by no means have
                     considered Him in the light of a Spy, or even of a Prisoner: In Justice to him
                     I think it my Duty to declare that He came from on board the Vulture at my
                     Particular request, by a Flag sent on purpose for him, by Joshua Smith Esqre
                     who had permission to go to Dobbs’s Ferry to Carry Letters and for other
                     purposes not mentioned and to return. This was Done as a blind to the Spy
                     Boats: Mr Smith at the Same time had my possitive directions to go on board the
                     Vulture, and bring on Shore, Colonel Robinson or Mr John Anderson, which was
                     the Name I had requested Major André to Assume: At the Same time I desired Mr
                     Smith to Inform him, That He should have my Protection, and a safe Passport to
                     return in the same Boat as soon as our business was compleated; as several
                     accidents intervened to prevent his being sent on Board, I gave him my Passport
                     to return by land, Major André came onto Shore in his Uniform (without
                     Disguise) which with much Reluctance at my particular and pressing Instance He
                     Exchanged for another Coat, I furnished Him with a Horse and Saddle and pointed
                     out the Route by which He was to return, And as Commanding Officer in the
                     Department I had an undoubted right to transact all these Matters, which If
                     wrong Major André ought by no means to suffer for them.
                  But if after this Just and Candid Representation of Major André’s
                     Case The Board of General Officers Adheres to their former Opinion, I shall
                     suppose it Dictated by Passion and Resentment, and If that Gentleman should
                     Suffer the Severity of their Sentence I shall think myself bound by every tie
                     of Duty and honor to retaliate on such unhappy Persons of Your Army as may fall
                     within my power, that the Respect due to Flags and to the Law of Nations may be
                     better understood and Observed.
                  I have further to observe that Forty of the Principle Inhabitants
                     of South Carolina have Justly forfeited their Lives which have hitherto been
                     Spared by the Clemency of His Excellency Sir Henry Clinton, who Cannot in
                     Justice extend his Mercy to them any longer, if Major André Suffers, which in
                     all probibility, will open a Scene of blood at which Humanity will Revolt.
                  Suffer me to Intreat Your Excellency For Your Own and the honor
                     of Humanity, and the Love You have of Justice, that You suffer not an Unjust
                     Sentence to touch the Life of Major André.
                  But If this warning should be disreguarded and He should suffer,
                     I call Heaven and Earth to Witness that Your Excellency will be Justly
                     answerable for the torrent of blood that may be spilt in Consequence. I have
                     the honor to be with due Respect Your Excellencys most Obedient and Very Humble
                     Servt

                     B. Arnold


Title: From George Washington to George Clinton, 1 October 1780
From: Washington, George
To: Clinton, George

                     Dear Sir
                     Head Qurs Orange Town October 1st
                     1780

                  The inclosed will show your Excellency the distress we are like
                     to experience in a few days for want of flour. You are so fully impressed with
                     the pernicious tendency of so frequent  repetition of want that I am sure I
                     need only inform you of our prospects, to engage your utmost exertions to give
                     us the necessary supply. The exigency demands immediate measures to forward to
                     West-point all the flour ready at the different mills. It has been mentioned to
                     me that a deficncy of barrells would retard the supplies from your State; I
                     have given direction to have those at West-point repaired and delivered, to the
                     order of your agent. Your Excellency knows the reliance I place on the State of
                     New York—delicacy will not permit me to say how much we must depend on you at
                     this juncture. I have the honor to be With the greatest Esteem and regard
                     Dear Sir Your most Obedt Servt

                     Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Bartholomew Dandridge, 1 October 1780
From: Dandridge, Bartholomew
To: Washington, George

                     Dear Sir
                     Mount Vernon October 1. 1780.

                  Altho I am not very fond of writing, and, amidst the multiplicity
                     of momentous Affairs in which you are involved, would avoid engaging you in an
                     uninteristing Correspondence, yet I always promised myself the pleasure of
                     writing to you whenever I had anything interesting or pleasing to
                     communicate—or any thing New—This last happens to be the case at present. After
                     about a dozen years absence I have taken a ride to your Seat at Mount Vernon,
                     where I had the pleasure of finding my Sister in good health and have been most
                     kindly entertained by her & Mr Washington for a Week past, &
                     nothing but your presence seems wanting here to make us as happy as we could
                     wish to be, I have several times pleased myself with the prospect of seeing you
                     once more happily seated here before this, but providence has otherwise ordered
                     it, yet I cannot help still hoping to enjoy that blessing, and I propose to
                     embrace the first opportunity of doing it, I wish it was in my power any way to
                     forward so desireable an Event.
                  Altho I have thought it useless (if not improper) to write to you
                     often, yet let me assure you, my Dear Sir, that none of your many Friends can
                     more constantly or more ardently wish for your Health your Prosperity,
                     & Happiness than I do, can more sincerely rejoice with you on every
                     Occasion of Success, or sympathise with you under every disappointment.
                  I doubt not but you have heard that after trying in vain, to be
                     useful in the Legislative & executive departments of this State, I have
                     at last fallen into the Judiciary, where whether I am useful or not; I have
                     much satisfaction in my Associates, & hope I can say without vanity,
                     that if every other department in the State had as well answered the design of
                     their Institution, our Commonwealth would have appeared in a more respectable
                     situation than it does at present. I most sincerely lament our disgraceful
                     Misfortunes to the Southward, but I hope Matters will mend in that quarter,
                     & that we at present suffer the worst effects that can happen from
                     them—I imagine you are informed that we are this year blessed with the Fruits
                     of the Earth almost of every kind in the greatest abundance and therefore hope
                     your Army cannot much longer suffer as they have done for want of Provisions,
                     if they do it must be owing to the most unaccountable bad management some
                     where.
                  The kindness you have always shewn us, assures me that you will
                     be pleased to hear that my Wife & self enjoy a good Share of health and
                     have a very promising little Family of A Boy, & a Girl, My Mother is
                     also tolerably well, with your old Friends Mr & Mrs Burbidge. May every
                     thing that is good attend you is the sincere Prayer of My Dear Sir Your very
                     affectionate & obedient Servant

                     B. Dandridge


Title: From George Washington to Samuel Huntington, 1 October 1780
From: Washington, George
To: Huntington, Samuel

                     Sir,
                     Head Quarters Orange Town 1st Octobr
                     1780

                  I have received your Excellency’s favors of the 16th and 24th
                     ulto with the several Resolves to which they refer. The first came to hand
                     while I was absent on my journey to Harford. I most sincerely wish that the
                     measures which have been adopted, for procuring a supply of fresh and salt Meat,
                     may prove effectual.
                  Congress will perceive by the inclosed, which is the Copy of a
                     representation made to me yesterday by the Commy General of Issues, that the
                     Army must be again reduced to extremities for want of Flour, except a supply
                     should arrive in the course of a few days—I have written to the States of New
                     York and Pennsylvania on the subject, and have requested their immediate aid.
                  The season must very soon deprive us of Grass Forage, on which
                     the Horses now principally subsist, and I cannot learn from Colonel Pickering,
                     that any effectual measures are taken, or are likely to be taken to establish
                     Magazines of Hay or Grain. The State of Jersey must, this necessity, have
                     furnished, by impress and by purchase, more of both than the quota demanded of
                     them, and therefore our future supply of Grain, at least, ought to be drawn
                     from a distance, and before the state of the Roads will add to the difficulties
                     of transportation. The Country in which the Army will probably lay, untill the
                     expiration of the Campaign, has been already so drained, that I do not think it
                     will be possible, even with stripping the inhabitants intirely, to subsist the
                     Horses after the Grass fails. I think it my duty to mention these matters in
                     time, that Congress may endeavour to concert some measures for our releif
                     before we are overtaken by the Winter. I have the Honor to be with the greatest
                     Respect Your Excellency’s Most obt Servt

                     Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Thomas Marshall, 1 October 1780
From: Marshall, Thomas
To: Washington, George

                     Sir,
                     Orange Town Octr 1st 1780

                  Capt. Jacob Wales of the 16th Massa: Regt under my comd having
                     been for a long time Determined to leave the Service from pressing calls of his
                     Family But From my repeated requests cannot Prevail with him to Tarry until the
                     Close of the Campaign—and although I am Sorry the Public Should lose so Good an
                     Officer & the Regt So Good a Captain.
                  Am Obliged to consent to his Discharge From the Urgency of his
                     requests Although it hurts my Feelings to recommend one
                     that your Excellency Feels a difficulty in Dischargin the Service—And Submit it
                     Your Excellency’s Superior Judgment and am with Great Esteem your Excellency’s
                     Humble Servant

                     Thos Marshall Colo.


Title: To George Washington from Samuel Holden Parsons, 1 October 1780
From: Parsons, Samuel Holden
To: Washington, George

                     Dr General
                     Camp 1st Octr 1780

                  I beg you to excuse my not waiting on you with the inclos’d
                     Letter: I am so exceedingly unwell as to be unable to go from my Quarters, if I
                     should recover Strength enough & the weather should clear off serene I
                     will ride down to Day. The inclosd Letter is from General Arnold, the Cover
                     & Seals as they came to me except their being broke you may still see
                     the inward Seal has not been broken. I am Dr Sir Yr Obedt Servt

                     Sam. H. Parsons

                Enclosure

                        Sir
                        August 30th 1780

                     On the 24th Inst. I received a note from you without date, in
                        answer to mine of the 7th July, also a letter from your house of the 24th
                        July, in answer to one of the 15th, with a note from Mr B—— of the
                           30th July with an extract of a letter from Mr J.
                        Osborn of the 24th: I have paid particular attention to the Contents of the
                        several Letters: had they arived earlier, you should have had my answer
                        sooner: a variety of Commitments has prevented my writing
                        you before, I expect to do it very fully in a few days and to procure you an
                        interview with Mr M——e when you will be able to settle your commercial
                        plan I hope agreable to all parties, Mr M——e assures me that he is still
                        of opinion that his first proposal is by no means immeursable
                        and maters no doubt when he has a Conference with you
                        that you will Close with it He expects when you meet that
                        you will be fully authorised from your house: that the
                        risques and profits of the  Co-partinership may be fully and
                        Clearly understood.
                     A speculation might at this time be early made to some
                        Advantage with ready money. but there is not the
                        quantity of goods at Market which your
                           partiner seems to suppose and the number of Recutatonsbelow I
                        think will be against your making an immediate purchase, I apprehend goods
                        will be in greatir plenty and much Cheaper in the Course of the seasons; both dry and wet are much wanted and in
                        demand at this juncture some quantities
                        are expected in this part of the Country soon.
                     Mr M——e flatters himself that in the Course of ten days he will have the pleasure of seeing you, He requests me to advise you that He has ordered a
                           draught on you in favor of our mutual Friend S——y
                           for£300—which you will change on Acct of
                        the tobacco. I am on behalf of Mr M——e and Co. Sir Your Obedt hble
                        Servant

                        Gustavus


Title: From George Washington to Joseph Reed, 1 October 1780
From: Washington, George
To: Reed, Joseph

                     Dear Sir
                     Head Quarters Orange Town 1st Octobr
                     1780

                  I am under the necessity of laying before your Excellency, the
                     Copy of a representation made to me yesterday, by the Commy General of Issues,
                     on the subject of Flour. The representation goes so fully and truly into our
                     present situation and prospects, that I shall only refer your Excellency to it,
                     and then intreat you to exert your authority and influence, with the Agents and
                     all others concerned, in procuring and forwarding a supply to Trenton without
                     delay.
                  Of 470 Barrels which were in the Magazine at West point, I have
                     been unavoidably obliged to draw down 300 to this Army, by which, that valuable
                     post may be endangered, should the Enemy endeavour to obtain by force, what
                     they attempted to gain by treachery; but in which they have been so providentially disappointed.I most sincerely
                     condole with your Excellency on the loss of your amiable Lady—The news of that
                     melancholy event was imparted to me by the Minister of France on my journey
                     from Hartford. I have the Honor to be with Great Respect & Esteem Yr
                     Excellency’s Most Obt and hble Servt

                     Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Arthur St. Clair, 1 October 1780
From: Washington, George
To: St. Clair, Arthur

                     Sir
                      1 October 1780

                  You will repair forthwith to West Point and take the Command of
                     that Post and its dependencies, till further orders The Troops under your
                     command will consist of the Pennsylvania Division Colo. Meig’s and Livingstons
                     regiments of Continental Troops and a body of Massachusetts and New Hampshire
                     Militia—The inclosed is a copy of the instructions left for the commanding
                     Officer which you will please to observe. Unless you should think it necessary
                     for the immediate security of the Post to draw the first Pennsylvania Brigade
                     nearer West Point, I should wish it to remain somewhere in its present
                     position, as it may then at the same time serve the purpose of reinforcing the
                     main Army in case of a movement against it—but on the first appearance of the
                     Enemy coming in force up the River, that Brigade should have previous orders to
                     march to your succour.
                  Orders have been given in the case last mentioned for the Posts
                     at Verplanks and Stoney Points to be evacuated with all the Cannon and stores,
                     and the Garrison added to that at West Point; but I would not wish this step to
                     be precipitated, as in case of an attempt to surprise you these Posts will not
                     only be useful to give the alarm but they will probably in all cases gain you
                     time, as the Enemy would hardly venture to pass them with transports full of
                     Troops—The baggage and extra stores may be sent off at the first aspect of a
                     serious movement but the Troops should not evacuate till the Enemy are in a
                     situation to invest the Posts.
                  Dobb’s ferry may also serve you as an out Post; but care must be
                     taken to distinguish the firing against a single Vessel passing from that
                     against a number, which will of course be more continued.
                  Great vigilance should be used in patroling on the East side of
                     the River, as it will otherwise be easy for the Enemy to land a body of men
                     below and surprise Verplanks.
                  I must intreat your particular care of the Boats on the River—to
                     keep them in repair and as much as possible collected—All those at King’s ferry
                     more than are wanted for the necessary service of the communication should be
                     removed up the River—A part of the Militia at Verplanks and Stoney Points may
                     also be drawn to the main Garrison.

                     Go: Washingon


Title: To George Washington from Jacob Wales, 1 October 1780
From: Wales, Jacob
To: Washington, George

                     Sir.
                     Orange Town Octr 1. 1780

                  It is with reluctance that I apply to your Excellency at so
                     improper a Time with my resignation: but the Singular situation of my Family
                     and Domestic affairs Demands my immediate attention and as I have been in the
                     Army Since the commencement of the war and have now no inclination of Leaving
                     it but the calls of my Family are such that I should be wanting in duty to them
                     to Neglect them any longer.
                  Therefore most humbly request your Excellency to accept my
                     Resignation and Greant me a Dismission from the Service. I am with all respect
                     your Excellencies Obedt humble Servt

                     J. Wales Capt. 10th Massa: Regt


Title: General Orders, 2 October 1780
From: Washington, George
To:

                     Head Quarters Orange town Monday October 2d
                        1780
                     Parole Lisbon
                     Countersigns Look. E
                     Watchword Hereabouts

                  For the day TomorrowBrigadier General
                     PattersonColonel TupperLieutenant Colonel SillMajor KnappBrigade Major Rice


Title: To George Washington from John Jameson, 2 October 1780
From: Jameson, John
To: Washington, George

                     Sir,
                     North Castle New Purchase Octr 2d
                     1780

                  I have just received information that about six thousand Men are
                     embarked & embarking some say they are destined for Rhoad Island some
                     for Pensylvania and others that they are going to Virginia It is said that all
                     the Pennsylvania Refugees are to go on Board the Fleet It is also said that
                     part of their Cavalry are to go. The Man I wrote to you about in my last
                     Letter is up in this neighborhood he tells me that he has been inform’d that
                     most of the People that were friends to America in New York are confined he is
                     very desirous to move his family from the lines but says that he is not able.
                     A party of the inhabitants and some of my Men have killed two of Delancays Men
                     and taken three Prisoners one of the Prisoners was so badly wounded that he
                     was left on Parole The inhabitants are very desirous to have the Prisoners
                     exchanged for some Men of their own Company that are Prisoners now in the
                     Sugar house. I am with esteem Your Excellencys most Obedient & very
                     humble Servant.

                     John Jameson


Title: To George Washington from Joseph Jones, 2 October 1780
From: Jones, Joseph
To: Washington, George

                     Dear Sr
                     Virga 2d Octr 1780

                  The Medical Department was under the consideration of a Committee
                     before I left Congress and will it is probable undergo a change, that may
                     curtail the number of the present appointments—should this be the case and the
                     new arrangement take place before I return (which at present
                     it is my intention to do before Christmas) I shall recommend to the support of
                     the Virginia Delegates the Gentlemen you have been pleased to mention, whose
                     long Services and well know Characters intitle them to be among the first
                     Officers in the establishment.
                  If I am not mistaken the spirit of party is much abated in
                     Congress some instances of the old prejudices and partialities that disgraced
                     and must ever disgrace their Councils I think I have discovered, but they are
                     few; and I intertained hopes the Flame was neerly extinguished—and although
                     some restless Tempers, as some there are and ever will be in public Assemblies
                     of Men, may attempt to revive those disputes, which were carryed to such height
                     between the contending Factions as to neglect the more important concerns of
                     the public; there are I trust a sufficient number of mild Spirits who will
                     oppose and repress such dishonorable attempts and confine themselves to the
                     discussion alone of such matters Justice and the general welfare require—I am
                     certain the important objects now before Congress are sufficient to engage
                     their attention and employ their time without perplexing themselves by a
                     revival of old and expiring Contraversies. It was with
                     reluctance I left Philadelphia before the Report upon your Letter respecting
                     the Army and Magazines was compleat and the arrangement of the Civil Offices of
                     Congress were digested but an apprehension that the Assembly was to meet the
                     first Monday in October as usual and a desire of spending a short time with my
                     Family before I went to Richmond determined me to set out so as to reach Home
                     abt the middle of September. I now find I might have staid a fortnight longer,
                     as the Session does not commence untill the third Monday in this month—Congress
                     having taken some Steps towards compleating the Federal Union which I anxiously
                     wish to accomplish induced me to be here early in the Session that the Sense of
                     this State upon that interesting question might be taken—That if the
                     proposition was approved it might be devulged to the other States without delay
                     and Virginia being more interested then any other in a
                     cession of unappropriated territory the example could not fail to have weight
                     and be followed by others. We are already too large for the
                     Energy of republican Government and I fear shall be so if the Assembly shall
                     relinquish their claims to the North West of the Ohio to the Continent—I wished
                     too to be present the begining of the Session to urge the filling up our
                     Battalions immediately and providing Magazines in time as the insuing Winter to
                     the South and the approaching Spring to the North if our ally shall command the
                     Water might afford us favourable opportunities of acting to advantage. but
                     alas! instead of the French commanding the Water we have the mortification to
                     hear Rodney with 12 Ships of the line and four frigates has arrived at the
                     Hook—where for God sake! is Ct Guichen with his great and formidable Fleet?
                     surely not inactive: Adieu Yr aff. Friend & humble Servt

                     Jos: Jones.


Title: From George Washington to Levi Wells, 2 October 1780
From: Washington, George
To: Wells, Levi

                     Sir
                     Head Quarters Orange Town 2d Octobr
                     1780

                  You will be pleased on the receipt of this to return with the two
                     State Regiments of Connecticut to your former station upon the sound, or to any
                     other to which you may be ordered by His Excellency Gov. Trumbull. I am
                     &c.


Title: To George Washington from Jacob Bayley, 3 October 1780
From: Bayley, Jacob
To: Washington, George

                     Sir
                     Newby 3rd October 1780

                  Yesterday come in here Justice Sealy who Informs he left Canada
                     the fifteenth of Septr. I Perceived he had been an Officer in the Enemy’s
                     Servis I therefore thot, it my Duty to Send Capt. Aldrich to your Excelency
                     with him. it appears to me he is a volunteer to this Country and means for the
                     future to Persue the Intrest of the United States by his accounts agreeing in
                     many Instances with what we have been assured of by our Spies and others we are
                     not aquainted with his former Carractor but Capt. Aldrich will make Inquiry at
                     new Milford at which Place his family and Freinds live. and will aquant your
                     Excelency. I am Your Excelency Most Obedient Humble Servant

                     Jacob Bayley


Title: To George Washington from William Malcom, 3 October 1780
From: Malcom, William
To: Washington, George

                     Sir
                     Fort Renslaer Octr 3. 1780.

                  I returned to this post last Night with Vanschaacks Regt—on
                     Thursday they will reach Albany—I have push’d them on to Albany without one
                     moments delay—There Col. Vanschack will take Charge & move as he thinks
                     proper.
                  On my way up to Fort Scuyler, with Harpers Regt I met with a body
                     of the Enemy, Sent to destroy the Settlements which remain on the River, they
                     were well posted, but I Orderd the Troops to charge and they Rushed forward in
                     a moment and broke through the Enemy who fled in all directions—Two savages
                     were killd on the field—upwards of Thirty blanketts, a Number of Axes es & other Indian Equipage were collected which
                     in their flight they threw away I have Relieved Vanschaack’s with Harpers
                     Regt—nine months men & Major Hughs is Comdr—they serve untill the
                     begining of Decr—Inclosed is a Return of the Regt—much the same Strength as
                     the one they Relieve I carried up 120 barrells of flour & 40 Cattle
                     with me—the Roads are very bad. The bridges broke down so that in the fall it
                     will be almost impracticable to pass.
                  I have reported to the Governor, and I also take Leave to Suggest
                     to you Sir, the propriety of abandoning Fort Scuyler, & Establishg the
                     Garrison thirty Miles lower down the River—for so low are the Inhabitants—The
                     Garrison is Subsisted at a very great Risque & Expense—both
                     increasing—and it by no means answers the purpose intended by it, If the war
                     shall continue another Season—I am very certain that this Garrison must be
                     withdrawn—for more troops will be necessary to protect the Commanrs than can be
                     Spared—& before that—this fine Country which is able to furnish bread
                     to the army will be depopulated—If the Garrison shall be esteblished where I
                     propose, half the Number of men will do much more than what will be done in the
                     present Situation—I must go down in a few days to Albany in order to Collect
                     another Quantity of provissions to Send on by the Three months men before their
                     time of Service is expird—and I could wish to know whether I am to command in
                     the Departt afterwards—the Regt now in Fort Scuyler belongs to the Brigade so
                     does Pawlings—but perhaps your Excellency may think proper to send an Officer
                     of Higher Rank to direct the different Services in the
                     Department—it is perfectly equall to me, only I could wish to know that I might
                     prepare for the winter while the River is open.
                  I believe it would be right to remove Warners Regt from Fort
                     George—I am told that there is not many of them to be found at one time there—I
                     think they would do with very little addition for a Winter Garrison to Fort
                     Scuyler—at all events Officers that are fond of trading with Indians are
                     improper (for a Number of reasons easily Suggestd) to Command Such a Frontier
                     Garrison—It is said that the Enemy in Canada are preparing there bodys to
                     penetrate into the Country by different Routes—on the Western &
                     Northern Fronters—I send a man immediately from Canada down to the Governor who
                     no doubt will convey to your Excellency his informations. I have the Honor to
                     be with the greatest Respect Your Excellency’s Most Obedt & very Hble
                     Servant
                  W. Malcom
                  Lawrences Company which I took up at Dobbs ferry being 9 months
                     men, I have annexed to Harpers Regt & also some good officers from the
                     other Corps of 3 mos men—I can find no paper to make the return of the Regt the
                     present force of it is 250.


Title: General Orders, 4 October 1780
From: Washington, George
To:

                     Head Quarters Orangetown Wednesday October 4th 1780
                     Parole Warwick
                     Countersigns N:R.
                     Watchword Hark

                  For the day TomorrowBrigadier General StarkLieutenant Colonel CommandantWeissenfelsLieutenant Colonel HoldridgeMajor BallardBrigade Major Rosekrans


Title: From George Washington to William Bingham, 4 October 1780
From: Washington, George
To: Bingham, William

                     Sir,
                     Head Qrs Octr 4th 1780

                  Your favor of the 15th Ulto reached my quarters during my late
                     absence from the Army—I am exceedingly obliged by your care of the Case of
                     Liqueurs committed to your charge by Mr Jay, as I am for that, which you so
                     politely added. I have only to regret that they both suffered much by the
                     roughness of the transportation. I am—Sir Yr Most Obt & Hble Ser.

                     Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Gamaliel Bradford, 4 October 1780
From: Bradford, Gamaliel
To: Washington, George

                     Sir
                     Octr 4th 1780

                  Capt: Zebedee Redding, desirous of quitting the Army, the
                     Circumstances of his Family rendering it necessary; would recommend him to your
                     Excellency for a  Discharge, tho it is with the greatst Reluctance to me, knowing
                     him to be a good Officer.

                     G. Bradford Colo.


Title: From George Washington to James Duane, 4 October 1780
From: Washington, George
To: Duane, James

                     Hd Qrs Tappan 4th Octr 1780.

                  I thank you My Dear Sir for your letter of the 19th of
                     Sepr. I should have been happy in the information you give me, that some
                     progress had been made in the business of raising a permanent army had it not
                     been intimated to me through other channels, that in the resolutions framed on
                     this article, the fatal alternative of, for one year
                     has been admitted. In my letter to Congress of the 20th of Aug: I
                     recommended a draft for the war or for three years; and say "a shorter period than one year is inadmissible." You
                     will perceive however that the general scope of my arguments look to an army
                     for the war—and any other idea crept in from an apprehension that this plan
                     would not go down. The Present juncture is in my opinion pecluliarly
                     favourable to a permanent army, and I regret that an opening is given for a
                     temporary one. It also gives me pain to find that the pernicious state system
                     is still adhered to by leaving the reduction incorporation &c. of
                     the Regiments to the particular states—This is one of the greatest evils of
                     our affairs.
                  I share with you the pleasure you feel from the measures taken to
                     strengthen the hand of Congress. I am convinced it is essential to our safety
                     that Congress should have an efficient power. The
                     want of it must ruin us.
                  The satisfaction I have in any successes that attend us or even in
                     the alleviation of misfortunes is always allayed, by a fear that it will lull
                     us into security—Supineness and a disposition to flatter ourselves seem to
                     make parts of our national character—when we receive a check and are not quite
                     undone we are apt to fancy we have gained a victory; and when we do gain any
                     little advantage we imagine it decisive and expect the war is immediately to
                     end. The history of the war is a history of false hopes and temporary
                     expedients—Would to God they were to end here—This winter, if I am not
                     mistaken, will open a still more embarrassing scene than we have yet
                     experienced to the Southward—I have little doubt should we not gain a naval
                     superiority that Sir Henry Clinton will detach to the Southward to extend his
                     conquests. I am far from being satisfied that we shall be prepared to repel his
                     attempts.
                  Reflections of this kind to you, My Dr Sir, are unnecessary; I
                     am convinced you view our affairs on the same scale that I do, and will exert
                     yourself to correct our errors and call forth our resources.
                  The interview at Hartford produced nothing conclusive, because
                     neither side knew with certainty what was to be expected. We could only combine
                     possible plans on the supposition of possible events; and engage mutually to do
                     every thing in our powers against the next campaign.
                  Happy to rank you among the number of my friends, I speak to you
                     with confidence. With the truest esteem and regard I am D. S.—Yr most
                     Obedt ser.

                     G. Washington.


Title: To George Washington from Charles-François, vicomte Du Buysson des Aix, 4 October 1780
From: Du Buysson des Aix, Charles-François, vicomte
To: Washington, George

                     Sir,
                     Philadelphia October 4th 1780

                  I have already written twice to Your Excellency Since my being
                     made a prisoner, & nothing but the Circumstances pressing So hard upon
                     me could induce me to trouble you with a third Letter A few Days after the
                     unfortunate Death of my late General, three of the best English Physicians
                     declared that my native Air was absolutely necessary for me to recover from my
                     Wounds. Lords Cornwallis & Rawdon, to whose kindness I am extremely
                     obliged, gave me leave to come to Philadelphia to sollicit my Exchange,
                     & in case I Should not Succeed, I am to repair to New York against the
                     beginning of next month—I am conscious of what disadvantage it would be to the
                     states to Exchange a disabled Officer as myself for one capable of doing
                     Services to the Enemy, I therefore, unwilling to make any improper demand ,
                     will be very well satisfied if I can but get leave to go to France, there to
                     stay till I am perfectly cured of my Wounds, or till Congress are pleased to
                     Exchange me. It is now impossible for me to go to New York, unless compelled,
                     the ill state of my health & the loss of every thing I had in this
                     Country having reduced me to a most miserable situation. I beg Your Excellency
                     will be pleased to take these things into consideration & I shall
                     willingly abide by whatever you will think proper to decide. I am with the
                     greatest respect Sir Your Excellency’s most obedient & very humble
                     servant

                     Le Chev. Dubuysson