Title: To George Washington from the Commissioners for the District of Columbia, 29 June 1796
From: Commissioners for the District of Columbia
To: Washington, George

          Sir
          Washington 29th June 1796

        We had your favor of the 26th Inst. inclosing your approbation of the proposed alterations in the manner of improving in the City of Washington—We have given the necessary Instructions for their publication in the public prints of Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, City, George Town, Alexandria, Richmond and Charleston; if you think the publication ought to be more general, we shall readily give the necessary directions—We presume, that by the superintendant, our principal overseer and contractor, Capt. Williams, is meant; he is the only Officer of the City, residing in George Town to whom the Presidents sentiments on the subject of residence had not been made

known—He has long been in public service & has gained the entire approbation of the board and every person connected with us—The contents of your Letter have been communicated to him—With respect to ourselves, we know not that we have any thing new to add, being differently circumstanced, and perhaps, entertaining different views—All hopes of Messrs Morris & Nicholson seem to be done away—No answer has yet been received from either the Secretary of the Treasury or the President of the Bank of Columbia; nor can we yet say what may be the success of the applications We enclose you a Copy of our Letter to the Bank—We have been lately, a good deal surprised, by receiving a Letter from Mr Hadfield, giving us notice, that he should at the expiration of three months, agreeably to his Contract, quit the public employment—We next day informed him that he was at liberty to quit the business as soon as convenient to himself, & that a sum equal to his passage to Europe, should be paid to him; since the delivery of this Letter, he seems to have considered the subject better & has applied to withdraw his notice, promising every attention to carrying on the Capitol, as approved of by the President—In consequence, we have consented to his continuance till the expiration of the three months, but by no means relinquishing the advantage of the notice; on the contrary, expressly declaring the contract at an end, and only to be renewed by consent of parties, at that time, if thought proper—The board have made the necessary arrangements for the recess of a Week, which harvest will occasion—we hope and expect no possible inconvenience can arise from it—We have the honor to be &c.

          G. ScottW. ThorntonA. White


Title: From George Washington to Betty Washington Lewis, 29 June 1796 [letter not found]
From: Washington, George
To: Lewis, Betty Washington

        Letter not found: to Betty Washington Lewis, 29 June 1796. Lewis wrote GW on 5 July: “I receiv’d your Letters of 26th and 29th of June.”


Title: To George Washington from James McHenry, 29 June 1796
From: McHenry, James
To: Washington, George

          Sir.
          War office 29 June 1796.

        I beg you to sign the within authority to borrow for the use of the City of Washington and to have it returned to me with a power signed by the three commissioners. You may recollect that the one sent me for a duplicate contained only the names of two of them vz. Mr Scotts & Mr Thorntons. The Willinks may consider that power as imperfect as the law and your authority have reference to three. With the greatest respect I have the honour to be Sir Your most obt St

          James McHenry


Title: From George Washington to Timothy Pickering, 29 June 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Pickering, Timothy

        (Private)

          Dear Sir,
          Mount Vernon 29th June 1796

        Did Mr Liston furnish the letter you asked of him, in favor of Cap: Talbots agency, to the West Indies? Has any representation been made to him, independent of that application, consequent of the evidence you have recd of the Impressment of our Seamen?
        When I left Philadelphia, it was expected, & from Mr & Mrs Liston themselves, that they were to follow us in ten days; and allowing a few days between, the Chevr & Madam de Friere was to follow them: Since which I have not heard a word of either; and am held in suspence. I gave the French Minister also an Invitation; and understood from Mr la Fayette that he proposed to set out for this place in ten days after they did; which was three days later than my doing it.
        As uncertainty with respect to the coming of these Gentlemen and their ladies (the French Minister’s lady I have no reason to expect) and of the time they may be expected, is not very pleasant; some other arrangements being impeded thereby. I would thank you therefore or any of the other Gentlemen, if it can be accomplished indirectly—or at least without formality—to give me some items of their movements, and intentions; that I may know what to rely on, & regulate other matters accordingly.

        Is the Spanish Minister arrived in Philadelphia? If so, what do you understand to be his Plan? If he is not, what accounts have you of him? With very great esteem & regard I am—Dear Sir Your affectionate

          Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Bushrod Washington, 29 June 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Washington, Bushrod

          Dear Bushrod,
          Mount Vernon 29th June 1796.

        You have not informed me what or whether any thing has been done in the Court of Chancery (in this State) for bringing the acct of my administration of Colo. Colvills Estate to a close, that my hands may be entirely clear, of it. I therefore give you the trouble of this enquiry: as I am extremely anxious to be acquitted. The balance due from me, (and at present lodged in the Bank of Alexandria) is ready to be applied in any manner and at any moment to the Chancellors order.
        I drew a prize in Colo. Byrds lottery, of a half acre lot—no. 265—I believe in the Town of Manchester and I have a lot in some Town that was established on James River (below Richmd) by a certain John Wood for which I have a deed (but it is in Philadelphia) if these are to be found and worth your acceptance, I will give them to you—I am entitled also in partnership with, or the Heirs of Peyton Randolph, Richard Randolph Mr Fitzhugh

of Chatham, George Wythe, Richard Kidder Medde[,] Lewis Burwell, John Wales Nathaniel Harrison Junr—and Thomson Mason—to a tenth part of two or three half acre lots & 200 acre lots in the aforesaid lottery—But as Thomson Mason (with or without authority) sold this property and never to me at least accounted, for an ioto of the amount little I presume is to be expected from this concern but if you think or find it otherwise upon enquiry, I give you all the Interest I have therein & you may act accordingly. With sincere friendship I remain Yr Affec. Uncle

          Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to the Commissioners for the District of Columbia, 1 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Commissioners for the District of Columbia

          Gentlemen
          Mount Vernon 1st July 1796.

        Your two letters, dated the 29th Ulto, have been received. The enclosures for the several Printers, to whom they are directed, are franked; and will go with this, and other letters to the Post Office this afternoon. I do not think it would be amiss to add Hartford, in Connecticut (a paper of extensive circulation altho’ I do not recollect the name of the Editor of it) and some Gazette in North Carolina, to your list of publications.
        The decisive manner in which you treated the notification of Mr Hadfield, was, in my opinion, very proper. There ought to be no trifling in these matters. Coaxing a man to stay in Office—or to do his duty while he is in it, is not the way to accomplish the objects.
        Having received (by the last Post) the certificates I wrote to Philadelphia for, I enclose them, with the Power of Attorney to Messrs Willinks, that you may forward them by the first conveyance that offers. I am not in the way to hear of any.
        The continual disappointments of Messrs Morris & Nicholson are really painful. One would hope that their assurances were not calculated for delay, and yet they seem to admit of hardly any other interpretation. An answer from the Secretary of the Treasury might, and I think ought to have been received by you, on Wednesday last. With esteem & regard I am Gentlemen Your Obedient Servt

          Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Love, 1 July 1796
From: Love, Alexander
To: Washington, George

          Sir
          Norfolk [England?] July 1st 1796

        Having intermarried with the only child of William Wright who fell, as I am told in Braddocks field fighting under your command, before she was born, and seeing that owing to the paternal care you were pleased to take of the Interest of his Heirs and of those who had the honor to serve under your command at that time, that she is entitled to 2500 Acres of Land, part of a patent for 21,941 Acres made by your order on the Kanawha, beginning at the mouth of Pohotillico for the benefit of J. Fry, A. Stephen, Andrew Lewis, Peter Hogg, John Savage, Thomas Bullitt, her father William Wright and John D. Welper, their heirs and assigns in the several proportions mentioned in an Order of the Governor and Council bearing date the 4th November 1773 as tennants in common and not as joint tennants—the original Copy of which order of Council being lost with the Council Books of those times, I beg the favor of your Excellency when time serves, to have a Copy of the Order made, if a Copy be in your notes, and so Authenticated as to be satisfactory to our High Court of Chancery that the Lands may be divided and each Know their own.

        My Wife prays you Sir to accept her best thanks for this Land; saved to her by your care and at your expence and in this, I do so heartily join her as to assure your Excellency that I think more of the Act, than of the Land, altho’ I am well informed by your Correspondence with our Uncle Doctor Wright of Glasgow and otherwise that the Land is of excellent Soil.
        The bearer my friend Mr Walker will take any trouble and defray any expence needful to accomplish this end. I am with the most perfect Respect Your most Obedt Hble Servt

          Alexander Love


Title: From George Washington to James McHenry, 1 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: McHenry, James

          Sir,
          Mount Vernon 1st July 1796

        Your letter of the 27th Ulto by Post, with its enclosures (the originals of which, I return) came to my hands on Wednesday. And your other letters of the 27th & 28th by Express, was received about five oclock yesterday afternoon.

        The accounts brought in the latter, are very pleasing indeed, inasmuch as they will serve to remove the doubts of the credulous (with respect to the Western Posts); and when realized, be productive of that tranquillity, and peace with the Indians which, in itself, is so desirable; and has been so much wished and sought for, by every real friend to his Country.
        It is my desire that the charges exhibited against General Wayne by Brigadier Wilkenson, with the letters of crimination on both sides, should be laid before the heads of Departments; and yours and their opinions reported to me on the measures necessary to be pursued to do justice to the Public; the accused; and the accuser; As also when, and by whom, the enquiry is to be made; with the preliminary steps necessary thereto.
        There are no Officers, I conceive, of sufficient rank to constitute a Court before whom the Commander in chief can be brought. Is the matter then to come before Congress? In what manner? My first impression relative to this business (though not maturely, or distinctly formed) is, that General Wayne ought, immediately, to be furnished with a copy of all the charges exhibited against him by the Brigadier; in order, as many of them are of old standing that he may have time allowed him to recollect circumstances; and to see what counter evidence can be produced, or what satisfactory explanations can be given; that he may not be unprepared for trial whensoever he is called upon.
        It may be well if it can be accomplished, by civil expressions, to stimulate the present Governor of Tennessee to an effectual repression of incroachments on Indian Territory (secured to them by Treaties): but the honor of the government, and the Peace of the Union, require, that if he is not decisive, the Laws relative thereto, be not suspended, or trifled with; but promptly, and energetically (with temper & prudence) enforced.
        I will not speak upon the new model of the Army now, but will take more time to consider the scheme for resolving the Legion into four Regiments, on the plan you have suggested.
        In speaking of the Generals Wayne & Wilkinson, I omitted to add, as my opinion, that the latter (if leave has not been given already) ought to obtain the furlough he has asked; and as soon as the former joins the Army; for no good will result from both being with it in the irritable temper they are in, at the sametime.

          Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Oliver Wolcott, Jr., 1 July 1796
From: Wolcott, Oliver Jr.
To: Washington, George

          [Philadelphia, 1 July 1796]

        I have had the honour to receive your Letter of June 27th and have disposed of the enclosures agreably to direction.
        Last Evening I called on Mr T. W. Francis and he informed me that your Wine was in good condition & perfectly safe stored in the Compting House with two Pipes of Mr Willings: it was Mr Francis’s opinion that the situation was much better for the improvement of the wine than any Cellar: I am no judge of the matter my self & can cause a removal at any time, if the President judges it adviseable.
        There is nothing new in town—Baches paper continues as usual to be filled with abuse against the Government & predictions of French hostility. I believe however that his publications make but little impression—Browns paper of last evening, stated that President was expected to return here in a few days—I have not been able to trace the origin of the report, but I presume it to be a trick of some person to incite alarm—it will be contradicted.
        The questions proposed by the Presidt being of great consequence we have thought it best to keep them under

consideration a few days—The pressure of business with me is such that I have not been able to bestow all the attention which I wish.
        The new Stock will I fear remain unsold notwithstanding the long Credit which was offered—some new expedient must be adopted; what will be best I cannot yet determine. I shall act with caution & pursuant to the best advice which I can obtain. With perfect deference & attachment, I remain Sir, your obedt servt

          Oliver Wolcott Jr


Title: To George Washington from Bushrod Washington, 3 July 1796
From: Washington, Bushrod
To: Washington, George

          Dear Uncle
          Richmond July 3d 1796

        I received your favor by last post for which accept my grateful acknowledgements. I shall make the necessary enquiries, and then pursue such steps as may insure to me the benefit of your bounty.
        I should have written to you immediately after the end of the last Chancery Term respecting the suit agt Colvilles Legatees, but that I expected the pleasure of seeing you at Mount vernon sometime in the last month, and supposed I might as well postpone any communications respecting the business ’till I could make them in person. The enclosed order I obtained at the May Court which was as early as any thing could be done, and is what you desire. this gives you the opportunity of immediately getting clear of the mony, but as your object I know is to obtain a quietus with respect to the whole business so as not to be called upon hereafter to settle accounts when vouchers &c. may be lost, I consulted with Mr Keith & finding that he could with safety go into a settlement again I shall as soon as the rules of the Court will permit obtain an order appointing Commissioners to state & settle your accounts—this may perhaps surprise you, Knowing that this has been once before done under the order of the County Court—But settlements of that kind are not obligatory at all, and are every day controverted and set aside—Knowing

this & reflecting that you might hereafter be called upon when you may have lost the assistance of Mr Keith, I thought it was in every respect most consonant with your views & interest to seek a final & conclusive termination to the business.
        I hope to have the pleasure of seeing you & my Aunt at Mount Vernon about the 9th Instant—Mrs Washingtons health is so bad during the summer in this lower Country, that I shall (inconvenient as it is for me to leave Town) endeavour to carry her up to the Berkley Springs.
        She Joins me in love to my Aunt & yourself And believe me to be dear Uncle with sincere wishes for your hea[l]th & happiness Yr Affectionate Nephew

          Bushrod Washington

          P.S. you will please forward the enclosed order so as to be published at some place in England as near that where your first advertisement was published as possible—some merchant in Alexa. can no doubt have this done.


Title: To George Washington from Cyrus Griffin, 4 July 1796
From: Griffin, Cyrus
To: Washington, George

            Sir
            Wmsburg July 4th 1796

          Being engaged upon duty at the Circuit and District Courts held in the City of Richmond I had not an opportunity of sooner acknowleging the honor of your letter.
          I am particularly uneasy and depressed to have taken one moment from the immense labour of your public functions, or to have incured your displeasure in the remotest degree. We understood that Congress were to adjourn on the 20th of May; I thought you would do me the favor to read the letter at some more leisure period; nor had I the least claim to receive an answer but what should arise from your extreme Goodness to every description of persons. Indeed Sir, I did not mean to intimate that I had been overlooked in any recent appointments, but meant to obviate some objections to me that possibly might have come to your Information, in case that another Judge of the Supreme Court should be nominated from Virginia, and upon supposition that gentlemen of better talents, from their lucrative practice at the Bar, would not think proper to accept such appointment.
          I have taken the liberty to write to you three or four letters

since your Benevolence was shewn to me, in one of which I expressed a wish that my destination had been fixed to a diplomatic employment—the wish was a most improper one as those employments were so much better arranged, and I did wrong in fatiguing you with letters unnecessarily. repentance never reaches to restitution, but I will promise most faithfully never more to encroach upon your valuable hours, the only compensation in my power to make.
          most eagerly do I thank you for those kind assurances of esteem and regard; and ’tho I am destitute of the great advantages of the mind which other gentlemen possess, yet very honestly may I take the liberty to profess the sentiments of my heart—that purest veneration, and most respectful attachment with which I shall always remain Sir Your obedient and obliged humble Servant

            C. Griffin

          pardon me when I take the freedom to congratulate with you upon the return of this day; and that I most fervently hope many years hence you may in health preside over the Councils of our happy Country.


Title: From George Washington to Timothy Pickering, 4 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Pickering, Timothy

          Sir
          Mount Vernon 4th July 1796

        The Spanish Minister, Mr de Yrujo, spent two days with me, and is just gone. I caused it to be intimated to him, that as I should be absent from the Seat of the Government until the middle, or latter end of August, that I was ready to receive his letter of credence at this place. He answered (as I understood it) that his credentials were with his Baggage, on its passage to Philadelphia; and that his reception at that place, at the time mentioned, would be perfectly convenient and agreeable to himself.
        He is a young man, very free and easy in his manners; professes to be well disposed towards the United States; and as far as a judgment can be formed in so short an acquaintance, appears to be well informed.
        Enclosed are two letters from the Governor of Pennsylvania, applying for the Aid of the General Government to execute, effectually, the Quarantine he had Proclaimed. I left Philadelphia under an impression that circular letters had been written by the Secretary of the Treasury to the Collectors of the different Ports, and by the Secretary of War to the Officers commanding the Garrisons on the Seaboard to pay proper attention to the Act of Congress relative to Quarantine.
        From the application of Govr Mifflin, the presumption is, there has been an omission somewhere. Let me desire that you, and the other two Gentlemen would meet, and see where it lyes;

that a remedy may be immediately applied. and I request you will acknowledge the receipt of the Governor⟨s⟩ letters, and inform him of what is, or will be, done.
        I desire to be informed also, if any thing is, or can be done relatively to the appointment of an Indian agent, in place of Governor Blount? and others, for carrying on the Trade (authorised by Congress) with those People?

          Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 4 July 1796
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

        (Secret)

          Sir,
          Department of State July 4. 1796.

        I have the honor to inclose the concurrent opinions of the heads of departments on the points stated in your letter of the 24th ulto and I return the confidential copy of Colo. Hamilton’s letter, agreeably to your direction. The letter to Mr Adet was sent to him on Saturday.
        The paper inclosed by Mr Monroe in his letter to Dr Logan gave a very long detail about French affairs. In the last page he touched on the British treaty; concerning which he says, that the report of a new connection thereby formed between the U.S. & G. Britain, “operated like a stroke of thunder, & produced in all France amazement.” There was a postscript to Mr Monroes letter, but it merely referred to the project of the French constitution, which he had only heard read in the convention, & could not therefore detail. I am with the highest respect sir your most obt servt

          Timothy Pickering


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 4 July 1796
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

          Sir
          Philadelphia July 4. 1796

        I received your letter of the 29th ulto on Saturday. Mr Liston has promised the necessary letters for Colo. Talbot, & to deliver them to me by the ensuing Thursday; and about Friday he proposes to set out for Mount Vernon. The Chevalier de Freire told me ten days ago, that he should regulate his movements by those of Mr Liston, whose departure for Mount Vernon he waited. Mr Liston last evening mentioned as a motive for delaying his journey, the expected arrival of the British packet: but that now he

should wait no longer than about Friday next. Of Mr Adet’s journey I have heard nothing: if I can by any means learn his intentions I will make them known to you.
        I have sent to Mr Jaudennes, who informs that the Spanish minister has gone from Baltimore to the city of Washington, & thence means to proceed to Mount Vernon. I am most respectfully, sir, your obt servt

          T. Pickering


Title: From George Washington to Gustavus Scott, 4 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Scott, Gustavus

          Sir,
          Mount Vernon 4th July 1796

        If the public dispatches which I receive, & am obliged to answer by every Post, would permit; I would go more into detail, & explanation of the subject of your last (seperate) letter, than it is possible for me to do at present. I will not, however, let it pass without some further expression of my ideas; & the understanding I always had of your entrance into the Office you now hold, in the Federal City.
        That the Secretary of State’s letter to you (which I have not by me at this place to resort to) may have been so worded as to leave the alternative of residing in the City, or in George Town; is not necessary, if it was justifiable, to deny; because a change of circumstances would certainly authorise a change of measures. But independent of this, it must not be forgotten, that at the time the letter above alluded to was written, such an alternative was indispensable for as much as there were no convenient accommodation for the Commissioners in the City; and because houses could not be erected in a moment, under the circumstances which then existed. In addition to this, let it be remembered also, that the first Comrs sensible of the propriety, & advantages which would result therefrom, had resolved to build a house for their own accommodation at, or near the spot where the Hotel now stands; and were diverted from it (if my memory serves me)

partly by two causes; first from a doubt of the propriety of such an application of public money; and 2dly from an opinion that they could be accommodated in the Hotel, when built; which, it was expected would have happened long since.
        I mention these things to shew; that there has been no inconsistency in my sentiments, or conduct; and that, to enable the Commissioners to comply with the views of Government, and to devote their time to its service, the present Compensation was resolved on.
        Your other allegation is of a more serious nature; and if deception withdrew you from what you deemed a permanent establishment, at Baltimore, it cannot be justified. But be assured, Sir, this is a new view of the subject; and that the proposal to you, to become a Commissioner, originated in assurances, confidently given to me, that you had resolved to remove to the Federal City, or to George Town; and because I knew you had a considerable interest in the vicinity of them. Was not the first application to you predicated on this information?
        But I must be explicit in declaring, that not only to obviate the suspicions and jealousies which proceed from a residence of the Commissioners without the City, or in a remote corner of it; not only that they may be, where the busy & important scenes are transacting, that they may judge of the conduct of others not from Reports only, but from occular proof, as the surest guide to Oconomy an⟨d⟩ dispatch; Independent I say of these considerations, which are momentous of themselves, I should view the Residence of the Commissioners of the City, and their Officers of different Grades, in some central part of it as a nest egg (pardon the expression) which will attract others, and prove the surest means of accomplishing the great object which all have in view—the removal of Congress at the appointed time—without which, every thing will become stagnant, & your sanguine hopes blasted.
        To be frank, I must give it to you as my opinion, that in relation to the concerns of the City, the Commissioners stand precisely in the same light (if not in a stronger one) than each does to any interesting matter in a train of execution for himself. Would you then, notwithstanding you may have an Archetect to carry on your buildings on Rock Hill, and a man to superinted your attending labourers trust to their proceeding without your own

minute Inspection of their conduct? I think, and am sure you will answer, no. I do not mean by this question to exhibit a charge—for I do as truly tell you, that I do not know, or ever heard, how often you visit your own concerns there. It is upon general principles I argue. A man of Industry and exertion will not, on his own acct have a work of that sort on hand without giving close attention to it. And certain it is, the Obligation (because of the responsibility) is at least equally great when entrusted by the Public.
        After all, as the Season is now far advanced, & houses, in the situation I have described as most eligable, may not be to be rented; I am not unwilling that the removal of the Commissioners if they find much inconvenience in doing it, may be suspended untill the commencement of the operations of next Spring, when it will certainly be expected; and if known, I have no doubt but that houses will be prepared for their accommodation by that time.
        You will from the length of this letter, with difficulty give credit to my assertion in the begining of it; but as a proof; not only of its verity, but of the friendship and candour with which it is written, it shall go to you in its present rough garb; and with all its imperfections, accompanied with assurances of the esteem & regard with which I am—Sir Your Obedt Hble Servt

          Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Alexander Hamilton, 5 July 1796
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Washington, George

          Sir
          New York July 5. 1796

        I was in due time favoured with your letter of the 26 June & consulted the Gentleman you name on the subjects of it.
        We are both of opinion there is no power in the President to appoint an Envoy Extraordinary, without the concurrence of the senate, & that the information in question is not a sufficient ground for extraordinarily convening the senate—If however the President from his information collectively be convinced that a dangerous state of things exists between us & France and that an envoy extraordinary to avert the danger is a necessary measure, I believe this would in the sense of the constitution warrant the calling of the Senate for the purpose—But this measure may be questionable in point of expediency, as giving a stronger appearance of danger than facts warrant—If further depredations on our commerce take place, if new avowals of the principle of the last capture should appear, it may alter the case—But without something more the measure would scarcely seem adviseable.
        Mr Jay & Myself though somewhat out of your question talked of the expediency of removing Monroe, and though we perceive there are weighty reasons against it, we think those for it preponderate—if a proper man can be found—But here we felt both immense embarrassment, for he ought to be at the same time a friend to the Government & understood to be not unfriendly to the French Revolution—General Pinckney is the only man we can think of who fully satisfies the idea, & unfortunately every past experiment forbids the hope that he would accept—though but for a short time—But if a character of tolerable fitness can be thought of, it would seem expedient to send him—At any rate it is to be feared, if under the symptoms of discontent which have appeared on the part of the French Government, no actual & full explanation takes place, it will bring serious censure upon the Executive—It will be said that it did not display as much zeal to avoid misunderstanding with France as with G. Britain—that discontents were left to rankle—that if the Agent of the Government in France was negligent or unfaithful some other mode ought to have been found &c.
        As to your resignation, Sir, it is not to be regretted that the declaration of your intention should be suspended as long as

possible & suffer me to add that you should really hold the thing undecided to the last moment—I do not think it is in the power of party to throw any slur upon the lateness of your declar[a]tion. And you have an obvious justification in the state of things—If a storm gathers, how can you retreat? This is a most serious question.
        The proper period now for your declaration seems to be Two months before the time for the Meeting of the Electors. This will be sufficient—The parties will in the mean time electioneer conditionally, that is to say, if you decline—for a serious opposition to you will I think hardly be risked.
        I have completed the full draft of a certain paper & shall shortly transcribe correct & forward it—I will then also prepare & send forward without delay the original paper corrected upon the general plan of it so that you may have both before you for a choice in full time & for alteration if necessary. With true respect & Affect. Attachment I have the hon. to remain Sir Yr very Obed. ser.

          A. Hamilton


Title: To George Washington from James McHenry, 5 July 1796
From: McHenry, James
To: Washington, George

        private.

          Sir
          Philadelphia 5 July 1796.

        I made a visit yesterday to Chevr Freire, and to-day he called to let me know, that his secretary had seen Mr Listons Secretary, who told him that Mr & Madam Liston would set out for Mount Vernon on friday, and that he and Madam Freire would follow on the 18th inst.
        Seeing that these ministers will avail themselves of your politeness, may it not be proper to be a little more particular with Mr Adet. Ought I to mention to him, that you had desired me to remind him of your wish to see him at Mount Vernon, and to know when you might expect that pleasure. Just now I suppose he is engaged on Mr Pickerings questions. I shall therefore take no step in the affair till the result is communicated, and till I hear further from you.
        I inclose a letter from Major Kersey who will be deranged upon the principle of seniority. If a principle applicable to the majors could be adopted which would retain him and Peters, I have no doubt, but that the army would be benefited by leaving out in their stead Cushing & Shaylor. You will perceive that on the present establishment Massachusetts & Connecticut have six majors out of the 11 Infantry majors, and that following the principle of Seniority six of the 8 will belong to these two States. With the most sincere respect and attachment I am Sir your most obt st

          James McHenry


Title: From George Washington to Thomas Jefferson, 6 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Jefferson, Thomas

          Dear Sir,
          Mount Vernon 6th July 1796.

        When I inform you, that your letter of the 19th Ulto went to Philadelphia and returned to this place, before it was received by me; it will be admitted, I am persuaded, as an apology for my not having acknowledged the receipt of it sooner.
        If I had entertained any suspicions before, that the queries which have been published in Bache’s Paper proceeded from you, the assurances you have given of the contrary, would have removed them; but the truth is, I harboured none. I am at no loss to conjecture from what source they flowed; through what channel they were conveyed; and for what purpose they, and similar publications, appear. They were known to be in the hands of Mr Parker, in the early part of the last Session of Congress; They were shewn about by Mr Giles during the Cession—and they made their public exhibition about the close of it.
        Percieving, and probably hearing, that no abuse in the Gazette’s would induce me to take notice of anonymous publications, against me; those who were disposed to do me such friendly Offices, have embraced without restraint every opportunity to weaken the confidence of the People—and by having the whole game in their hands, they have scrupled not to publish things that do not, as well as those which do exist; and to mutilate the

latter, so as to make them subserve the purposes which they have in view.
        As you have mentioned the subject yourself, it would not be frank, candid, or friendly to conceal, that your conduct has been represented as derogating from that opinion I had conceived you entertained of me. That to your particular friends & connexions, you have described, and they have announced me, as a person under a dangerous influence; and that, if I would listen more to some other opinions all would be well. My answer invariably has been, that I had never discovered any thing in the conduct of Mr Jefferson to raise suspicions, in my mind, of his insincerity; that if he would retrace my public conduct while he was in the Administration, abundant proofs would occur to him, that truth and right decisions, were the sole objects of my pursuit; that there were as many instances within his own knowledge of my having decided against, as in favor of the opinions of the person evidently alluded to; and moreover, that I was no believer in the infallibility of the politics, or measures of any man living. In short, that I was no party man myself, and the first wish of my heart was, if parties did exist, to reconcile them.
        To this I may add, and very truly, that, until within the last year or two, I had no conception that Parties Would, or even could go, the length I have been Witness to; nor did I believe until lately, that it was within the bounds of probability—hardly within that of possibility, that while I was using my utmost exertions to establish a national character of our own, independent, as far as our obligations, and justice would permit, of every nation of the earth; and wished, by steering a steady course, to preserve this Country from the horrors of a desolating war, that I should be accused of being the enemy of one Nation, and subject to the influence of another; and to prove it, that every act of my Administration would be tortured, and the grossest, & most insiduous mis-representations of them be made (by giving one side only of a subject, and that too in such exagerated, & indecent term⟨s⟩ as could scarcely be applied to a Nero; a notorious defaulter; or even to a common pickpocket). But enough of this; I have already gone farther in the expression of my feelings, than I intended.
        The particulars of the case you mention (relative to the Little Sarah) is a good deal out of my recollection at present; and I

have no public papers here to resort to. When I get back to Philadelphia (which, unless I am called there by something new, will not be ’till towards the last of August) I will examine my files.
        It must be pleasing to a Cultivator, to possess land which will yield Clover kindly; for it is certainly a great Desiderata in Husbandry. My Soil, without very good dressings, does not produce it well: owing, I believe, to its stiffness; hardness at bottom; and retention of Water. A farmer, in my opinion, need never dispair of raising Wheat to advantage, upon a Clover lay; with a single ploughing, agreeably to the Norfolk and Suffolk practice. By a misconception of my Manager last year, a field at one of my Farms which I intended shd have been fallowed for Wheat, went untouched. Unwilling to have my crop of Wheat at that place so much reduced, as would have been occasioned by this omission, I directed, as soon as I returned from Philadelphia (about the middle of September) another field, not in the usual rotation, which had lain out two years, and well covered with mixed grasses, principally white clover, to be turned over with a good Bar-share; and the Wheat to be sown, and harrowed in at the tail of the Plough. It was done so accordingly, and was, by odds, the best wheat I made this year. It exhibits an unequivocal proof to my mind, of the great advantage of a Clover lay, for Wheat. Our Crops of this article, hereabouts, are more or less injured by what some call the Rot—others the Scab; occasioned, I believe, by high wind & beating rain when the grain is in blossom, & before the Farina has performed its duties.
        Desirous of trying the field Peas of England, and the Winter Vetch, I sent last fall to Mr Murray of Liverpool for eigh⟨t⟩ bushels of each sort. Of the Peas he sent me two kinds (a white & dark, but not having his letter by me, I am unable to give the names). They did not arrive until the latter end of April, when they ought to have been in the ground the beginning of March. They were sown however, but will yield no Seed; of course the experiment I intended to make, is lost. The Vetch is yet on hand for Autumn Seeding. That the Albany Peas will grow well with us, I know from my own experience: but they are subject to the same bug which perforates, and injures the Garden Peas, and which will do the same, I fear, to the imported Peas, of any sort, from England, in this climate, from the heat of it.
        I do not know what is meant by, or to what uses the Caroline

drill is applied. How does your Chicorium prosper? Four years since, I exterminated all the Plants raised from Seed sent me by Mr Young, and to get into it again, the Seed I purchased in Philadelphia last Winter, and what has been sent me by Mr Murray this Spring, has cost me upwards of twelve pounds Sterling. This, it may be observed, is a left handed way to make money; but the first was occasioned by the manager I then had, who pretended to know it well in England, and pronounced it a noxious weed; the restoration of it, is indebted to Mr Strickland & othe⟨rs⟩ (besides Mr Young) who speak of it in exalted terms. I sowed mine broadcast, some with, and some without grain. It has come up well, but there seems to be a serious struggle between it and th⟨e⟩ grass & weeds; the issue of which (as I can afford no relief to the former) is doubtful at present, & may be useful to know.
        If you can bring a moveable threshing Machine, constructed upon simple principles to perfection, it will be among the most valuable institutions in this Country; for nothing is more wanting, & to be wished for on our farms. Mrs Washington begs you to accept her best wishes—and with very great esteem & regard I am—Dear Sir Your Obedient Hble Servt

          Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Charles Lee, 6 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Lee, Charles

          Sir,
          Mount Vernon 6th July 1796.

        Having shewn you the answr of the French Minister, to the communication of the Secretary of State, relatively to the Capture of the Ship Mount Vernon, by the French Privateer Flying Fish. Having read you also, the contents of a Letter from —— respecting information from St Domingo, of the intended measures of the French government, to Harrass our commerce with Great Britain; and also my letter to the Secretary of State on that Subject; to which I have, by the last Mail, received the enclosed acknowledgment: Let me now ask what you think of the opinion therein given, respecting the recall of our Minister at Paris? Whether that act will authorise the appointment of an Envoy Extraordinary, or Minister Plenipotentiary? Whether it is, in that case, expedient to do it under present circumstances, as far as they are known—or await a further developement of his conduct & the views of the Directory of France? And in case it is judged expedient to send a Person to Paris, to explain the motives for the conduct of this government, and to ascertain the views of that, Whether you think either of the Characters mentioned in the Secretary of State’s letter would go? and whether there be any other occurring to you as eligable? Would Doctr McClerg go? & does he possess fit abilities if he would accept?
        Answer all these queries as soon as you conveniently can. And let me have the draught you promised (on Monday last) for the purpose of supplying the deficiency in the Act for the relief of Seamen.
        Make frequent inquiries for a fit character to fill the Office of Surveyor General—I wish much to have it ably executed.

          Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from James McHenry, 6 July 1796
From: McHenry, James
To: Washington, George

          Sir,
          War Office 6. July 1796.

        In conformity with your Commands of the 1st instant, I have transmitted to the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury, letters of which the inclosed is a Copy.
        In the mean while I shall turn my attention to the subjects on which you have desired my report, which I shall make as soon as the unavoidable duties of the Office will permit. With the greatest respect I am Sir Your most obedt humble servt

          James McHenrySecy of war


Title: From George Washington to Oliver Wolcott, Jr., 6 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Wolcott, Oliver Jr.

          Sir,
          Mount Vernon 6th July 1796.

        When the letter herewith enclosed, dated the 4th instant was written in answer to yours of the 28th Ulto, part of it, as you will perceive, was dictated under the impression of much hesitation & doubt; for I am not fond of rectifying Legislative mistakes by Executive Acts. I determined however to take the Attorney Generals opinion on the case: resolving, if it accorded with those which had been sent me, to give the Act you forwarded, my signature.
        For this purpose I requested that his opinion might be fully stated to me in writing and delivered at Alexandria on the 4th where I had promised to be at the celebration of the Anniversary of Independance; that I might, by the Post of next day, or rather the Mail of that evening, if his opinion had not a tendency to increase my own doubts, forward the Act to you.
        Knowing, that neither time nor opportunity would be allowed at a crowded meeting, to write, I prepared my letter in the morning, before I left home, on the supposition of a concurrence; & in that case, that I might have nothing to do but to sign & enclose the Act; but his opinion being adverse to this (as you will see by the enclosure, which I request may be returned to me) I declined doing it; and have desired him to draught something anew.
        This, when it comes to hand, (wch I expected would have been in time for this days Post) shall be sent.

          Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Oliver Wolcott, Jr., 6 July 1796
From: Wolcott, Oliver Jr.
To: Washington, George

          Treasury Department July 6. 1796.

        The Secretary of the Treasury respectfully transmits to the President of the United States a Letter from the Commissioner of the Revenue dated the 5th instant, covering a provisional contract entered into by William Allibone superintendent of the Light house establishment for the Bay of Delaware, with Garret Hulsecamp for placing & manageing the floating Beacons & Buoys in the said bay of Delaware.
        Proposals for executing the business in question were received from several other persons; but as the one made by Hulsecamp was the lowest & perhaps not unreasonable considering the advanced price of living, the Secretary is of opinion that it will be

for the interest of the U. States if the President should think proper to approve of the said provisional contract between the Superintendent & Garret Hulsecamp. All which is most repectfully submitted to the consideration of the President U.S.

          Olivr Wolcott JrSecy of the Treasury


Title: To George Washington from James McHenry, 7 July 1796
From: McHenry, James
To: Washington, George

        private.

          Sir
          Philadelphia 7 July 1796.

        Since I had the honour of writing you, the Chevalier Freire’s Secry has called to inform me, that the extreme heat of the weather had induced Madam Freire, to induce Chevalier Friere to postpone the projected visit to Mount Vernon till September. You will not therefore I presume have the pleasure of seeing them.
        Mr Pickering has mentioned to me, that such of the materials as are not wanted for the three frigates now building, may be employed in the construction of the frigate promised to the Dey of Algiers. If it should be determined so to use the materials, and to commence the building before the meeting of Congress, will it belong to the department of war or department of State to have her built and equipped? From the laws instituting the two departments it would seem to fall under the duties specified as appertaining to the former, so far at least as respects building and equippment.
        I do not wish to have new duties assigned to me; but if matters relative to vessels of war belongs to the department of war, (of which you will judge in looking over the laws instituting the several departments) it might possibly give rise to remarks, were it to be assigned to a different one. Should you think however that it comes more properly within the duties of the department of State, than that of war I shall be perfectly satisfied.
        I do not know that Mr Pickering has formed any opinion on this question, or that it has even occured to him; and I do not wish it to pass beyond yourself that I have suggested any doubt on the subject; because, it would look (which is very remote from the truth) as if I was either desirous to have the management of the building, or was jealous of encroachments on the department.
        You have no doubt read the accounts of the success of the

French arms in Sardinia. I am disposed to think that what has happened there will produce a peace with the Emperor. With the sinceresent respect and attachment, I have the honour to be Sir Your ob. st

          James McHenry


Title: From George Washington to Alexander Addison, 8 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Addison, Alexander

          Sir,
          Mount Vernon 8th July 1796

        Your favor of the 4th Instant came to my hands by the last Post.
        When I inform you that Mr Ross (who on my behalf, disposed of the Land I held on Millers run, to Mr Ritchie) is authorised to do all that is necessary on my part, towards carrying the bargain into complete effect; it almost supercedes the necessity of giving answers, in detail, to the queries you have propounded. I shall however, inform you—
        That three thousand dollars has been received, by me, on that account.
        That I executed a deed, conveying the Estate in fee Simple, with a relinquishment of Dower, to Mr Ritchie; and left it in trust with Mr Ross, to be delivered when the requisites on the part of Mr Ritchie were complied with.
        That if Mr Ritchie should be disposed to pay a greater sum—not less than a third more than the Instalment becoming due—it shall be received, provided notice thereof is given on, or before the first day of April in each year. and
        That, a decisive answer has already been given (through Mr Ross) of my expectation of Interest from the first of January.
        With respect to the Rents of the Land on Millers run, not knowing when, by agreement, they become due; and in truth, being very little acquainted with the circumstances attending them, it would be imprudent in me to say any thing, definitively, concerning them: whatever, therefore, Mr Ross may do in this regard, I will abide by; as I seek justice only, on liberal principles.
        The money due on account of interest, to the first of June, may be deposited with the Secretary of the Treasury—Mr Wolcott—&, as it was in Philadelphia soon after that period, I require no interest thereon subsequent thereto. I believe it would be best also, at this time, not to receive money on any other account; lest it should militate with arrangements under a power given to Mr Ross. I have no doubt but that a judgment Bond executed by Mr Ritchie and yourself will be perfectly satisfactory; but every thing of this sort is already in the hands of Mr Ross to arrange.
        The Survey has been returned to me—and the quantity I

believe (not having it at hand) is, as you say, 2955 Acres. I am—Sir Your most Obedt Hble Servt

          G.W.


Title: From George Washington to John Marshall, 8 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Marshall, John

        Private

          Dear Sir,
          Mount Vernon 8th July 1796

        In confidence I inform you, that it has become indispensably necessary to recall our Minister at Paris; and to send one in his place who will explain, faithfully, the views of this government, and ascertain those of France.
        Nothing would be more pleasing to me, than that you should be this Organ; if it were only for a temporary absence of a few

months. But it being feared that even this could not be made to comport with your present pursuits, I have, in order that as little delay as possible may be incurred, put the enclosed letter under cover to be forwarded to its address, if you decline the present offer; or to be returned to me, if you accept it.
        Your own correct knowledge of circumstances render details unnecessary, I shall only add therefore that I am—Dear Sir Your Obedt

          Go: Washington

          P.S. Hearing that you propose to attend the next meeting of the Supreme Court at Philadelphia I should be glad to see you at this place in your way.


Title: From George Washington to Timothy Pickering, 8 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Pickering, Timothy

        (Confidential)

          Sir,
          Mount Vernon 8th July 1796

        My letters to the Secretary of the Treasury of the 4th & 6th Instant, with the present enclosure, conveys fully the sentiments of the Attorney General with respect to the best mode of executing the Act “For the relief and Protection of American Seamen.” He has, since his opinion was transmitted in the above letter of the 6th, consulted two of our most eminent Lawyers, in these parts, and finds an entire accordance of opinion. I request, therefore, that the measure recommended may be pursued.
        Your letters of the 1st and 2d instant, with several enclosures in the latter, came safe, and duly to hand. After that serious consideration which the subject deserved, I have determined to recall the American Minister at Paris; and am taking measures to supply his place; but the more the latter is revolved, greater the difficulties appear, to do it ably, & unexceptionably. By this, I mean one, who will promote, not thwart the Neutral policy of the government, & at the same time will not be obnoxious to the People among whom he is sent.
        Proofs, little short of positive, are already in my possession, that neither Mr Henry, nor Mr Marshall wd accept of such an appointment. The chances against General Pinckney’s doing it are strong, tho’ not quite so great; and with respect to Mr Smith,

altho’ it would be a very agreeable choice to me, I am sure it would not concenter those opinions which policy would require. Mr Carroll of Carrolton, tho’ sensible, and attached to Federal measures, would find himself on quite new ground; and besides he has such large concerns of his own to attend to, & is so tenacious of them, that it is morally certain he could not be prevailed on to go.
        Having taken this view of the subject, I am, by this days Post, writing to General Pinckney. This letter I shall enclose to Mr Marshall (as he is in the line, Mr Henry being much out of it) to be forwarded—or returned—as he shall decide with respect to himself—In the meantime, as the offer ends with General Pinckney, other characters should be held in contemplation, in case of his refusal.
        The letter to the Minister Plenipotentiary of France, in Philadelphia, appears to be well conceived, and is accordingly approved. The transmitted copy of Mr Monroes letter to [ ] must be erroneously dated—“Paris June 24th 1796”—I presume it is in the year, and should be 1795.

          Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 8 July 1796
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

          Sir,
          Department of State July 8. 1796.

        I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letters of the 1st and 4th instant. On the appointment of a superintendant of Indian Affairs in the room of Governor Blount—and on the running & marking the Cherokee boundary, I expect to be able to report to you on Monday next the opinion of the Heads of Departments.
        The Secretary of the treasury informs me that he directed the Comptroller to transmit to the Collectors of the Customs the act of Congress requiring their aid in the execution of the health laws of states relative to quarantine, with an injunction to render all the aid in their power to the State-Officers.
        The Secretary of War has furnished me with a copy of the orders issued from his office, on the subject of quarantine, which I have the honor to inclose. The date, I observe, is three days earlier than Governor Mifflin’s first letter requesting the aid which had been ordered. To prevent the crews or passengers of vessels from landing on the Jersey shore is impossible, unless the garrison of Mud Island were so numerous as to admit of placing a guard in each vessel. I am with the highest respect, sir, your most obt servant

          Timothy Pickering


Title: From George Washington to Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, 8 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth

        Private & confidential

          My dear Sir,
          Mount Vernon 8th July 1796

        The situation of Affairs, and the interests of this Country as they relate to France, render it indispensably necessary that a faithful organ near that government—able & willing to explain its views, and to ascertain those of France, should immediately fill the place of our present Minister Plenipotentiary at Paris.
        Policy requires that this character should be well attached to the government of his own Country; and not be obnoxious to the one to which he is sent; to be essentially serviceable.
        Where then can a man be found that would answer this description better than yourself?
        It is a fact too notorious to be denied, that the greatest embarrassments under which the Administration of this government labours, proceed from the counteraction of people among ourselves, who are more disposed to promote the views of another Nation than to establish National character of their own; and that, unless the virtuous, and independent men of this Country will step forward, it is not difficult to predict the consequences.
        Such is my decided opinion. After what has passed between us, on former occasions (respecting your filling some of the important Offices in our government) I must confess that I hesitated before I resolved on this Address, lest you might think I was too importunate; & that your former answers ought to have outweighed the desire of making it. Had not the case been important & urgent, I might have hesitated longer; but in finding a character of the description I have mentioned, you will be at no loss to percieve the difficulty which occurs. He must be a man whose abilities, & celebrity of character are well known to the People of this Country; whose honor & integrity are unimpeached; and who ought, as far as the nature of the thing will admit, be acceptable to all parties. Doubtless many such there are, but those who have been, either in the Executive or Legislative departments of the General government, and are best known to me, have been so decisive in their politics, and possibly so frank & public in their declarations, as to render it very difficult to chuse from among them, one in whom the confidence

of this country could be placed, and the prejudices of the other not excited.
        Thus, my good Sir, you have a candid exposition of my sentiments & wishes. I have only to add to them, a request, that you would be so obliging as to give me a prompt answer; and, if in the affirmative, that you would repair to Philadelphia, prepared to proceed on the Mission, with as little delay as can be avoided. Possibly you might have less objection to the excursion, if it would occasion a few months absence only, than to a permanent residence; but the Power of the Executive (in the recess of the Senate) extends only to the filling of vacancies; and one will be occasioned by the recall of the present incumbent; a measure resolved on. It is unnecessary to add how much, and how sincerely I am—Dear Sir Your obedt & Affecte Servt

          Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, 8 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth

        Duplicate

          My dear Sir,
          Mount Vernon 8th July 1796

        Sincerely commisserating the distresses of the Citizens of Charleston, occasioned by the late unfortunate fires—I take the liberty of offering, through you, my mite toward their relief; without any desire of having my name mentioned. With affectionate regard I am always Yours

          Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Isaac Heard, 10 July 1796
From: Heard, Isaac
To: Washington, George

        London, 10 July 1796. Heard reports his latest genealogical findings on GW’s ancestry.


Title: To George Washington from James McHenry, 10 July 1796
From: McHenry, James
To: Washington, George

          Sir.
          War Office 10 July 1796.

        With the view of keeping you informed of the course of the most important business of the war department I here inclose, packets
        No. 1. which contains the last letters I have received from Gen. Wayne. vz. one private of the 27 June and one of the 28, with copies of two letters to the general and one to the Quarter master general.
        No. 2. Contains the last communications from the commissioners to the Creeks, by which you will perceive, that (after a few embarrasements[)] the treaty had commenced.
        I shall mention to you in my next the inquiries which I have made relative to running the Cherokee boundary line.
        With respect to agents for the trading houses to be erected,

you will see by the inclosed letter from the Secry of the treasury, that he does not think money can be furnished in all this year for the purchase of goods. It will of course be unnecessary at this time to make appointments.
        Mr Dinsmore who is agent to the Cherokees, and a sensible and judicious man, and who receives one thousand dollars salary, may perhaps be considered as adequate to all the duties of superintendant required to be performed under the existing state of things.
        I shall as the mail is about closing take the next oppertunity to be more full on both these subjects. With the greatest respect I have the honour to be Sir Your most ob. st

          James McHenrySecy of war


Title: From George Washington to John Dandridge, 11 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Dandridge, John

          Dear Sir,
          Mount Vernon 11th July 1796.

        I have received, at this plac⟨e,⟩ your letter of the 23d Ulto; but long after the date of it. whether occasioned by neglect in the Post Offices, or by its having made a journey to Philadelphia & back, I know not.
        With respect to the Negroes—Frederick, George, Burwell & Pleasant—I have no objection to your taking them with you to your new habitation; Provided you can arrange matters with your Mother to her ⟨en⟩tire satisfaction. I shall set no Price on them, because it is not probable I shall ever avail myself, or heirs, of that property in your Mothers possession.

        Your brother Bat’s conduct is too Enigmatical for me to develope. I have conjecture only to resort to, for a solution of it: and as that might prove erroneous I shall say nothing concerning the causes, further than that I have no charge to make against his honesty or fidelity—and that his sudden and abrupt departure was not occasioned by any difference between us—and further that I had no more suspicion of his intention to leave me (until he was gone & left a line informing me thereof) than you had. His first letter to me (four days after he had left the family) requested I would harbour no unfavorable opinion of him; intimating, that when he was more composed, he wd write me more fully and give some explanation of his conduct. A second, & a third letter has been received from him since (dated at Greenbrier Court House) without doing this, but expressing an inclination to return to his former station—which cannot be—as another Gentleman has taken his place. If, however, I can render him any service I shall do it chearfully as I always entertained and continue to entertain a favorable opinion of his integrity and abilities. With best regards to your Mother & other friends I am—Dear Sir Your Obedt Servant

          Go: Washington

          P.S. Since closing this letter your Brother Bat has arrived here—and as he is writing to you, or some other of his friends—I shall refer you to his own explanations which ought to be the most accurate.


Title: To George Washington from David Stuart, 11 July 1796
From: Stuart, David
To: Washington, George

          Dear Sir,
          Hope Park [Va.] July 11th 1796

        I am informed by Mr Lyon whom I found at my house on my return home on Saturday, that Mr Dawson passed through Ge: town on friday, on his way to Philadelphia—This is the second visit he has made there in the space of three months. Mr Lyon further says, from the extraordinary speech Dawson made last fall, which you have heard, no doubt is entertained by people in

general that a correspondence is carried on by his means with the French Court. My motive in informing you of Dawson’s jaunt is, that you may judge of the propriety of writing to some persons in Philadelphia, to watch his conduct, and those with whom he associates. Perhaps it might be usefull that the Post Master, or his Clerks should attend to the direction of his letters; tho’ it is probable that those intended for France will be entrusted to the French Minister alone—Governor Brooke I learn from Mr Lyon, was allso to have gone to Philadelphia about the close of the Session of Congress; but could not get accomodated with money for his journey, tho’ he was bold enough to try the unjustifyable expedient with which you was charged by the calm Observer of raising it by an anticipation of his salary, which he says has been severely noticed in some of the Richmond papers. I am with great respect Your Affecte Servt

          Dd Stuart.

          P:S: If there be any reality in the opinion, that a correspondence is held by any party in this country with France, I think it probable at this time, that their dispatches will contain the result of their deliberations, and their future plan of operations—It is allso I think not improbable that Dawson may visit his friend Mr Burr.

            D:S:


Title: To George Washington from Collen Williamson, 11 July 1796
From: Williamson, Collen
To: Washington, George

            Honourable Sir
            City of Washington July 11th 1796

          I should not have given you the Trouble of writing you, hade it not been to shew how far Ignorance hase got the better of knowledge and experence, in this city as to the public business your Excelency will see by my contract with the commissioners that I was In general to conduct the work, and when it was proposd to build the inside of the extereor walls with bricks I was deciddly against, that method of building, and told the commissioners that was never done but in countrays where stone could not be got, and that bricks hade not the weight and solidaty of stone for the out side walls, besides it would run them into some thousand pounds of expences extra, and for my good advice in comming from the commissioners out of georgeton Hoben told me if the commissioners or me should contradict him in the least he should not serve, and Encedently he established one of my Journaymen in my place at the presedents House, when I told the commissioners they sent me to superentend the capatol, where I continued till the 27th of aprile last year, beeing working by the parch it was hard for me to get the work properly don, I compleand to the commissioners of the trouble I hade with those workmen they employed mr Scott told me at their first meating I should have a letter empowring me to discharge such of them as did not attend to my orders, but instade of this power at their first meeting I got a letter of Dismission, and the work Intrusted to those very vegbons that hade nather honour or honesty to lose, two of the commissioners beeing strangers Carral and Hoben got the better of their Judgment in order to gett placess for those of their own way of thinking as they call themselves Catholeeks—I have been at some pains investegating the difference of expence between brick and stone work by the parch, in the capatol the insid of the outer walls amounts to 3408 parches at 500 bricks for each parch, the present price of 500 bricks 26 sh. 3d or 7 dollars pr 1000 the

              price of 3408 parches at 26 sh. pr parch
              £4430.8 sh

              the price of the parch of stone of the above number of parches as the ricks Laid down on the pleace at 9 sh. pr parch
              £1533.12 sh

              in favour of the stone
              £2896.16

          there would £1000 saved by the lime for laying the said stone that would be too tedeous to give the reasons the above work is suposd to be 40 feet in hight and 3 feet thick a third deduc[t]ed for the spans of doors and windows—the presedents house suposd to be 30 feet high above the first storry and 3 feet thick the third of the solid measure deducted for doors and windows as to ma[t]ereals

              the measurement Remaining as to the number of parches at 26 sh.
              1248

              at 26 sh. pr parch of brick work
              £1[6]2 2.8

              the same number of parches of stone laid down on the spot at 9 sh. pr parch
              561.

              In favour of stone at the presedents House
              £[10]61.0

              The ballance one the above two buildings besids at least £1000 extra for lime
              £3[9]57.16

          When this is considred with 8 or 10 thousand pounds thron away at the Capatol by my dismision it will be thought, no winder that the money should be short, besides all that I have said I would have saved mor then my sellary to the Intrest of the city by tempering of the morter amongst the multitude of my operations in Scotland I repaired four old castels that was liker to pleaces of defence then Dwelings for great men I got more knowledge by their long standing as to morter then otherwayes I should ever hade, the morter that was blak as earth with sand was hard as stone, the fat morter soft as chalk which taught me that lime is only cement to sand, I send this merly for your excelencys privet infore mation as I have not the least Doubts but the laws of the state will give me the sellary contracted for. I am Honourable Sir with great Respect your exelency obedent servnt

            Collen Williamson

          Copy of the contract dated Agust 29th 1792
          It is agreed between Collen Williamson and the commissioners of the Federal Buildings That the said collen Williamson will superentend the stone cutting in the city of washington for the public Buildings and other matters that he may from Time to

Time be Desired by the commissioners and the laying the same stone and such parts of the masonry as his attention and skill may be thought necessary or useful in and will afford his assistance in the hiring stone cutters and adjusting their accounts and in general in promoting and conducting the work for which services the said Williamson is to be paid four Houndred pounds Maryland money that is in Dollars at 7/6 each by the year and if any travling expence should be incurred by Jurnes to the stone quarres or other of the public Business such expences are Also to be paid beyond the yearly compensation the year to begin the first Day of this Instant the said Williamson having incurrd expences in attending for some time past

                  Witness presant
                  signed Thomas Johnston

                  John M. Gant
                  David Stuart

                  Danl Carrell

                  Collen Williamson

          The Copy of a letter addressed to me in New york dated the 12th aprile 1792.
          Sir your Kinsman John Suter has communicated to us your letter to him of the 18th of last october we want to employ twenty stone cutters perhaps more in preparing stone for the public Buildings in the new city some of them at least most be very good workmen the public buildings alon will requier a great deal of work and we hope and expect before that can be done privete Buildings will mak Avrie consideral Demand settled as you ar at the Distance of only afew days stage travle we think it will be best for you to come & have a conversation with us we ar inclined to employ you and those you get to work under you Things may be adjusted probaly to your intire satesfaction if not it will be better to have no begining to a connection under which you might probely be Dissatisfied.

            signd the three commissioners

          The copy of a se[c]ond letter when with the commissioners dated 10th may 1792.
          The intercourse the commissioners have hade with mr Williamson has given them hopes that they will not be obliged to go farther but that they may have the stone cutting under his direction and that they may probaly derive further assistance from him in the present state of things the commissioners request mr Williamson not to enter into any extensive or lasting

engagement they propose to give him information of the expected Resolution as soon as it is taken that he may be able to calculate the number of hands nec[e]ssary and be in the way of providing them the forgoing communication is made at the request of the commissioners I being sent to the quarres to see them and to have my opinion of the stone this letter was delivered by mr Carral the other two hade gon off before my Return from the quarres.

            Signes Danl Corral

          Whether true or false, it hath been reported thy told your excelency that there was no Contract Subsisting between the commessioners and me, lett the letters and contract speak for them selves as I have faithfully performd the deutys on my part, hade I been guilty of any fault or breach of contract, an inv[e]stigation should have taken place and if found falty Dismissed me acording to law, but as they could advance nothing against me they would dow it by arbetary power, somthing lik a court of inqueisision and when they found that I was to sew for my wages they began to strik hard at the Root of my abletys, but these second causes will not serve their purpose, I could mak it apear by the first storry of the presadents House that there is not apiec of better work any where acording to the stile of it, and as I was not p[e]rmited to derect it farther, no bleam can be laid to my Charge, the first or second day of agust I will demand my sellary and if not complyd with I am desird to send a copy of the contract and letters to anoplas wher I expect Justice.
          I have said before that this is merly for your excelencys privet information as I dow not chous to commit to writing what I know how the public hath been served.

            Collen Williamson

            I intended to have built all the walls with stone both extereor and intereor which at least would savd twenty thousand pounds and the work much better but I was oblidged to yeald to ignorance.

              C.W.


Title: To George Washington from Oliver Wolcott, Jr., 11 July 1796
From: Wolcott, Oliver Jr.
To: Washington, George

          sir,
          Philadelphia July 11th 1796.

        I have had the honor to receive your letters dated the 4th and 6th instant addressed to me as Secretary of the Treasury, & the private letter of the 6th—The question arising under the act concerning seamen is a perplexing one. My original impressions were not unlike those of the Attorney General—namely, that the defect in the Law ought to be supplied by construction, & as no proof was specified in the Law, reasonable proof was to be presumed as intended. a draft of instructions to the Collectors was framed upon this idea; but there being some diversity of opinion, the point being novel & difficult & the opinion of counsel decided, I renounced my project of executing the law as erroneous. Either of the proposed modes would accomplish the views of the Legislature, but that ought to be preferred which would furnish the least ground for captious criticism.
        The suspension of the appointment of Mister Davis will be attended with no kind of inconvenience, what I wrote in his favor was not owing to any intimation from him. Since the president’s letter was received I have had some general conversation with him; when he arrives at Boston he will inform whether the appointment would be acceptable under all circumstances. In the mean time enquiries will be made of his qualifications comparatively with those of others; at present I have no doubt that the appointment would be proper.
        As soon as the act concerning quarantine was printed, copies, with an instruction to the Collectors were transmitted, requesting them “to cooperate with the State authorities in giving effect to any regulations established by State laws, applying to the objects mentioned in the act.” Governor Mifflin has only to

signify his wishes in respect to the mode in which the aid of the Revenue Officers is to be given, & they will be fulfilled. Of this he has been informed by the Secretary of State.
        The measures for selling the new stock failed of success. I am now endeavouring to obtain a Loan of the Bank of New York, in which I have some reasons to expect a favorable result. Though my situation is very unpleasant & very different from what it ought to be, yet I feel a confidence that I shall preserve the public credit until an appeal can be made to Congress, who are alone responsible for these embarrassments. I feel a consciousness that all was done by me, at the last session, that could have been done with propriety by any person, & that in any event this can be made incontrovertibly evident.
        If the President has not already decided on the appointment of a surveyor general, the name of Israel Ludlow will doubtless be presented to him. I have given Mister Ludlow a Certificate of what I know respecting him at his request. I believe him to be a man of sense & industry, & on enquiry of several persons I am informed that he possesses a good character. He would be an acquisition as a Deputy surveyor, but as he is a young man, & not much known, he appears to be hardly fit for the charge of a Department of such consequence. If a character of some celebrity & general estimation cannot be obtained, Mister Ludlow may be considered as an eligible candidate.
        There is no intelligence that the Flying Fish has made any capture since the Mount Vernon. the alarm of French resentments is, however, still circulated: all the malcontents are uttering predictions of something terrible from France. A French emissary is said to have appeared at Portsmouth in New Hampshire, & his conversations as stated in the newspapers, concur with other accounts of the project already known to the President. The Secy of State tells me that Mister Adet remains silent on the subject of the explanation requested last week. As so much is threatened & so little done, there is room to hope that the mischief will end in a paltry intreague to excite discontent: the evidence of unfriendly intentions is however so strong, as to justify precautions on the part of the Government. If Mister Adet does not reply in a few days, it may be well to enquire whether an answer is to be expected; but this will deserve consideration. In haste, I remain with perfect deference &c.

          Olivr Wolcott jr


Title: To George Washington from the Commissioners for the District of Columbia, 12 July 1796
From: Commissioners for the District of Columbia
To: Washington, George

          Sir.
          Washington, 12th July 1796

        We had the honor of your two Letters, first and eighth Inst., covering a letter from the Secretary of War (which is returned)

and also the several papers to be forwarded to Messrs Willink of Amsterdam—One complete set of those papers, with a [ ] of the power, signed by all of the Commissioners, will be forwarded to the Secretary at War by him, to be transmitted to Holland by fridays Mail—We shall transmit a [ ] to Baltimore to be forwarded thence—Since our last to you, we have had a Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury—He gives no hopes of aid from the Bank of the United States, and Mr Clement Biddell, in a Letter of the 6th Inst., says, that no sales have been made of the new-Created Stock; and that there is no appearance of a Sale being effected, without a loss of 8 or 10 ⅌ cent—Such being the case, there can be no just expectation of receiving a supply through the Bank of the United States—The bank of Columbia have agreed to lend us $40,000 for 6 months; to be advanced in 4 Installments of 10,000 Doll[ar]s ⅌ month; the first payment to commence in Augt: the whole sum loaned, with 42,000 Dolls. heretofore loaned, to bear an Interest of 6 ⅌ cent, & to be secured by our note, indorsed by at least, two unquestionable securities—It remains for us yet to obtain them—Some who have been applied to, have appeared rather backward—We think, however, we shall be able to obtain the money: and that with rigid œconomy, it will carry us to the first of December—Morris & Nicholson have not yet appeared—We expect Mr White down tomorrow, and in the course of the present Week, shall take some decisive measures respecting these gentlemen. We have the honor to be &c.

          G. ScottW. Thornton


Title: To George Washington from Oliver Wolcott, Jr., 12 July 1796
From: Wolcott, Oliver Jr.
To: Washington, George

          sir,
          Treasury Department July 12th 1796.

        I have the honour to transmit to the President two Letters from the Commissioner of the Revenue, dated the 8th & 11th Instant.
        It appears to be expedient to entrust the inspection of the Lighthouse at Seguin to David Coney who is recommended by Genl Lincoln. Both Jonathan Coffin and Saml Coffin are well recommended for the appointment of Lighthouse keeper at Nantucket. The experience of Jonathan Coffin in this business is however a circumstance which may determine the preference in his favor. I have the honor to be &c.

          Olivr Wolcott jr


Title: From George Washington to James McHenry, 13 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: McHenry, James

        Private

          Dear Sir
          Mount Vernon 13th July 1796

        The purport of your private letter, of the 7th instant (that part of it I mean, which relates to the Frigate for the Regency of Algiers) has surprised me exceedingly.
        That no step yet, should have been taken to carry this measure into vigorous execution; and that it should be asked, near six weeks after it had been resolved to comply with the Deys request, and an actual stipulation of our Agent, or Agents there; by what Department it is to be carried into effect? is, on account of the delay which has been occasioned (if contrary to the Ideas which have been communicated to the Dey, & Colo. Humphreys) extremely unpleast.
        Disagreeable as this requisition was found in its reception, and more so in the compliance with it; yet, as there appeared no other alternative but to comply, or submit to the

depredations of the Barbary Corsairs on our Citizens, and Commerce, the former was preferred: & I had no doubt (after pressing as often, and as earnestly as I did before I left Philadelphia, that all matters requiring my opinions, or Acts, might be laid before me) that every thing relative to this Frigate was in a perfect train of Execution, agreeably to whatever assurances had been given, by Captain OBrian.
        If the Laws establishing the different Departments (I have them not by me) does not expressly, or by analogy, designate the one to which the care of such business is entrusted, I must, no doubt, assign it; but where these speak, it is best for me to be silent.
        If the building of this Vessel could have been suspended until the meeting of Congress, for the Agency of the Senate, the answer to the Dey might have been suspended also. But to avert, if possible, the disagreeable consequences of delay, a prompt decision was come to; and Captn OBrian hurried off with the result. This decision, and the letters which he carried, ought to be resorted to; and the measures accorded thereto, strictly. Whether it will be best to purchase a Ship ready built, if one fit for the purpose can be had (and such an one on the Stocks at Philadelphia was talked of); Whether to contract for the building & equipping of one (some of the materials being found) if entire confidence can be placed in the Undertaker; or whether to furnish the materials (in which case all that can be spared from our own Frigates ought, unquestionably, to be applied) and pay for the building; depends upon enquiries not within my power at this time, and place to make; & must, therefore, be a matter of investigation, & consultation among yourselves; especially with the Secretary of the Treasury, on the means.
        Before I conclude, let me, in a friendly way, impress the following maxims upon the Executive Officers. In all important matters, to deliberate maturely, but to execute promptly & vigorously. And not to put things off until the morrow which can be done, and require to be done, to day. Without an adherence to these rules, business never will be well done, or done in an easy manner; but will always be in arrear, with one thing treading upon the heels of another. With very great esteem and regard I am—Dear Sir Your Affecte friend &ca

          Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from James McHenry, 13 July 1796
From: McHenry, James
To: Washington, George

          Sir.
          War office 13th July 1796.

        I do myself the honour to inclose you the directions given to Mr Fox one of the clerks of the department of war, and well skilled in the quality of ship timber and construction of vessels of war relative to an examination of the materials on hand and such a disposition of them as may comport with the safe keeping of such as may be useful in future, and such as may be fit for the vessel contemplated for the mediteranean service. They have been approved of by the Secy of State and Secry of the treasury. With the greatest respect, I have the honour to be Sir Your most ob. st

          James McHenrySecy of war


Title: From George Washington to Timothy Pickering, 13 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Pickering, Timothy

        (Private & confidential)

          Sir,
          Mount Vernon 13th July 1796.

        Yesterday, I was informed by a Gentleman from Richmond, that Mr Dawson was gone on to Philadelphia in order to embark for France; and about an hour ago, I received a letter of which the enclosed is an extract from a well informed acquaintance, & a stanch frd to his country.
        What, or whether any thing can with propriety be done in consequence of this information, must be left to yourself and the two other Secretaries to decide, from circumstances, & appearances on the Spot.
        It may not be amiss to observe further, that Mr Dawson is the Son in law of Mr Jones—one of the Circuit Judges of this state, and, as I am informed, unfriendly to the Genl Government—and that Mr Monroe is the Nephew of Mr Jones, & has his son with him in France. As every day brings fresh matter to view—Vigilence, with caution becomes more & more necessary.

          Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 13 July 1796
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

        (Private)

          Sir,
          Philaa July 13. 1796

        I saw Mr Vaughan last evening, whom I had desired to ascertain Mr Adet’s intentions relative to a journey to Mount Vernon. He had made some indirect enquiries, & is inclined to think the journey will be made, but suspended for four or five weeks. He

will endeavour to reduce the matter to a certainty, & give me the earliest information.
        Last evening a Mr Bird, a London merchant, gave me a letter from Mr Pinckney, in which he expresses his regret at Mr Livingstons motion which induced your answer of the 30th of March, on which he adds “This answer appears to me to have been dictated by a just sense of propriety, and in the true spirit of the constitution.” There is nothing beside in the letter to require its being forwarded to you. The inclosed letter addressed to you came with it.
        No answer has yet been received from Mr Adet. I have the honor to be most respectfully sir your obt servant

          Timothy Pickering


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 13 July 1796
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

          Sir,
          Department of State July 13. 1796.

        In your last dispatches were received two patents passed by the Attorney General for your signature, which I now return for that purpose. I have also the honor to inclose a duplicate commission for John Trumbull Esqr. The original went by Mr King; and to be with perfect respect, sir, your most obt servant

          Timothy Pickering


Title: From George Washington to John Marshall, 15 July 1796
From: Washington, George
To: Marshall, John

          Dear Sir,
          Mount Vernon 15th July 1796

        I have received your letter of the 11th instant, and regret that present circumstances should deprive our Country of the services which I am confident your going to France, at this time, would have rendered it.
        It is difficult to fill some offices with characters which would fit them in all respects. Another case of this sort is now before me—namely—that of Surveyor General. A gentleman well qualified to discharge the duties of this Office was appointed, but has declined accepting it. Several others have been mentioned, but the recommendations of them have gone more to the general respectability of their characters, than to their Scientific knowledge; whilst both are equally essential. For it is a trust, which in the execution, requires skill to arrange, instruct, Inspect, and report correctly, the conduct of others; and integrity to resist the temptation which opportunities, and an overweening fondness for speculating in Lands, may throw in his way.
        Among the characters from the State of Virginia who have been presented to my view on this occasion—are Generals Wood & Posey—and Colonels Tinsley and Anderson; the last of whom is, I believe, an Inhabitant of Kentucky; and having been in that line, the presumption ought to be, that his Mathematical knowledge (which should extend beyond common Surveying) is adequate to the duties which would be required; but how he is in other respects, and what may be the course of his Politics, I know nothing; and but little of those of the other three—particularly of Tinsley’s.
        The object therefore of writing this letter to you is, to ask confidentially, such information as you possess—can acquire—and give me, respecting the qualifications of these Gentlemen; or

of any other fit character that may occur to you for Surveyor General; accordant with the ideas I have expressed above. The Office is important & respectable; of cour⟨se⟩ the Incumbent, besides his Scientific abilities, should possess a celebrity of character that would justify the appointment.
        To learn your sentiments of the characters, and on the points I have mentioned, will be in time when I shall have the pleasure of seeing you, on your way to Philadelphia—With very great esteem & regard, I am—Dear Sir Your Obedient Servant

          Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 15 July 1796
From: Pickering, Timothy
To: Washington, George

          Sir,
          Department of State July 15. 1796.

        Yesterday I received from the Minister of the French Republic an answer to my letter of the 1st instant, and have now the honor to inclose a translation of it. His entire ignorance of any new orders from his government relative to neutral vessels trading with the enemies of the French Republic, may authorize a conclusion, that none have been issued: and that the captures &

appropriations (not condemnations) of the cargoes of American vessels carried into French ports in the West Indians, are the result of orders given by the Colonial administrations. This may be only a variation of the practice in use a year or two past, during which time they have actually compelled the delivery of cargoes for the use of government, with promises of payments within certain periods, which very often were so procrastinated as to induce the return of American vessels unpaid, after waiting six months or more for the performance of those promises. From the instances referred to in my former letter it seems probable that the administrations give due-bills without fixing definitively the times of payment.
        Mr Adet asks whether the President has caused orders to be given to prevent the sale of prizes conducted into the ports of the United States by vessels of the Republic or privateers armed under its authority. On this I have the honor to inform you, That the 24th article of the British treaty having explicitly forbidden the arming of privateers and the selling of their prizes in the ports of the United States, the Secretary of the Treasury prepared, as a matter of course, circular letters to the Collectors to conform to the restrictions contained in that article, as the law of the land. This was the more necessary as formerly the Collectors had been instructed to admit to an entry and sale the prizes brought into our ports. On the 30th of June I received from Mr Liston, the British Minister, a Note mentioning the prizes which had been recently carried into Boston by a French privateer, and desiring that the sale of those prizes, which were British property, might be prevented. In consequence, I wrote the same day to Judge Lowell, Genl Lincoln, & to Mr Otis who had manifested a disposition to do the business of District Attorney until one should be appointed, desiring them to take such measures as were practicable to prevent an infraction of the above cited article of the British treaty. At the same time I wrote to the Chief Justice, Mr Elsworth, who had the same question discussed before him at his circuit court in So. Carolina, praying him to write to Judge Lowell immediately, to inform him of the determination in that case, presuming it to be the result of a full consideration of the subject. Thus the matter rests. I requested from the Chief Justice the like information; but have not yet received

his answer. The circular letter from the Secretary of the Treasury was confined, agreeably to the article of the British treaty, to the prizes brought in by privateers. With the highest respect I am, sir, your obt servant

          Timothy Pickering

          P.S. Since writing the above, the Secretary of the Treasury has given me a copy of his circular letter, which is inclosed.


Title: To George Washington from John Lathrop, Jr., 16 July 1796
From: Lathrop, John Jr.
To: Washington, George

          Sir,
          Boston July 16 1796

        The enclosed oration solicits your acceptance. The manner in which it was received by an assembly of more than 2000 freemen, is a fresh instance of the warm federalism of the inhabitants of Boston, their unabated attachment to your person, their decided approbation of your administration and their firm confidence in your wisdom and integrity. At the close of that part, which contains a faint tribute to your services, your patriotism and virtues, every voice and every hand united in the loudest acclamations and testimonials of applause. The partizans of faction are silent—they hang their heads, overwhelmed with shame and confusion. The triumph of Merit is the severest punishment of Vice, and thus, it was reserved for you, Sir, to inflict the vengeance of heaven, upon the sons of lawless Anarchy. The very arrows, which they had aimed at you, have recoiled upon their own bosoms and become the instruments of their destruction. With sentiments of respect, gratitude and affection, as lasting and ardent, as they are inexpressible, I am, Your most humble, obliged and devoted Servant

          John Lathrop, junr