Title: From Alexander Hamilton to Timothy Pickering, 11 February 1781
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Pickering, Timothy

                            Sir
                            Hd Qrs Feby 11th 81

                        There are probably a good many dispatches for Head Quarters in the Post Office at Fish Kill, some of which it
                            may be of great importance should not be delayed. The general therefore desires (as he takes it for granted the ferry at
                            Newburgh is not practicable) that you will send a trusty person to pass the river at the nearest place above and go to
                            Fish Kill for the letters and returns as soon as possible by the same route if a more direct does not offer. You will also
                            be pleased to instruct the Qr Mr General at Fish Kill whenever the post arrives to apply to Mr Loudon for the letters for Head
                            Quarters and forward them by the nearest practicable route. This is only meant during the continuance of the uncertain
                            state of the River.
                        I send you a line for Mr Loudon to be forwarded by your messenger. I am truly Dr Sir Yr most Obedt

                            A. Hamilton
                            Aide De Camp

                            We shall issue the order concerning the irregular stopping of forage.
                            You will please to send for five sticks of Mohan of the colour of the inclosed & six dozen small
                                button molds. The General wants these tomorrow morning.


Title: To George Washington from Walter Stewart, 11 February 1781
From: Stewart, Walter
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General
                            Philadelphia Feby 11th 1781

                        Thinking that since the day on which the Unhappy Affair took place in our Line; your Excellency, has been
                            from time to time made Acquainted with the different Steps pursued, And the different Situations in which it was; by Generals
                            St Clair Wayne & Irvine; my Addressing you was not of any Consequence; but as we have the prospect in a few days,
                            of Vigorously setting to Work, on the recruiting Business, or of falling upon some mode for filling the Regiments
                            belonging to this State; I flatter myself, my Ardent Wish to lessen Your Excellency’s Anxiety on this Subject will plead
                            an Excuse for my now & then troubling you with a Letter.
                        While we were at Trenton a most Unhappy Dispute took place between the Merchants of this Town, And President
                            Reed, the Want of money in the Treasury, Occasion’d his Application to them for a Loan, but unfortunately his desire was
                            Attended with a kind of Threat "that should they not subscribe an Embargo must take place, And the Vessells be prevented
                            leaving the Port." This Expression Occasion’d so much Warmth between the Partys, as to cause the
                            Subscription Papers being Call’d in, And the Treasury remain Empty; On Genl Irvine & myself getting to Town, we
                            waited on the Principle Merchants, Made known the Situation of the Line, the Treasury &ca & begg’d to know
                            if Application was again made, whether a Sum could not be Raisd to Carry on the recruiting Service, untill the meeting of
                            the Assembly they gave us for Answer, that if the President, And Council, would Nominate the sum requir’d (& it
                            not Exceeding £25,000 State Money) they would be Answerable for its being Immediately Collected, but the President
                            & Council thinking their Consequence lessen’d by the two former Applications, would not Attempt a Third.
                        Thus the Almost total Want of money has since our Arrival at this place kept us very Inactive £2000 was
                            Offer’d to be divided between the officers of the Six Regiments for the recruiting service, the sum was so Small that it
                            was thought unnecessary to Spread them over the State, Especially as the Assembly was to meet in so short a time; And we
                            fear’d, that they thinking the Recruiting business was going on might be tardy in taking up the Subject.
                        We however have not wholly been Idle the £2000 was put into the hands of a Magistrate And on an Officer’s
                            procuring a Recruit, He sent Him there for His Bounty, And to be Attested, by this Partial Mode we have
                            Pick’d up about 120 good men in this City.
                        The Assembly will make a House tomorrow, the officers in general have  of the Immediate Completion of the Line, And
                            the Almost total Impossibility at this late Hour of filling it by Voluntary Inlistment; Although that mode should with
                            Vigour be pursued, but not much depended on.
                        They Promise their first business will be to fall on some Effectual mode of Raising Money, And Procuring Men;
                            And that no business shall come before them, previous to the Accomplishment of these Bills. On what footing, or on What
                            Plan they will be brought in is not yet ascertained.
                        From Reports we are led to believe that the People in the Country have suck’d up several Hundred Men, as
                            Substitutes under the late law, but it is not Positively known.
                        The Men belonging to the different Regts  in Town are to March to their Respective
                            Rendezvouses tomorrow Morning, And the Officers being Collected at those places, will be Ready to proceed on any Plan
                            which may be form’d by the Legislature.
                        I was most particularly Unfortunate on this Occasion, my Papers did not Arrive from Morris Town Untill the
                            day After my men took the Oath, when it was too late; I by this means lost the Whole of them, about Thirty only Excepted,
                            who were men of Virtue, And would not Receive the terms offer’d.
                        I heartily Congratulate Your Excellency on the Glorious And Important Victory gain’d to the Southward  And Am Dr Sir With
                            the Most Perfect Regard And Esteem, Yr Excellency’s Most Obedt & hbl. servt

                            Walter Stewart


Title: To George Washington from Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, 12 February 1781
From: Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Newport February 12th 1781

                        The Line of battle ship and two Frigates set sail on the 9th instt in the evening, with a very fresh wind and
                            the fairest departure. The hermione having lost her Bowsprit in the Last Gale, could not go
                            with them, But as soon as She is refitted, she will set sail to join that fast Sailing
                            Squadron. If Arnold is not by this time out of the Rivers of Virginia I believe he will not have the best of the Game. It
                            is useless to tell Your Excellency that I have offered to Mr Destouches all the assistance which the Land army could
                            procure to him for that expedition, but that the rapidity of the movements has been preferred, rather than Land forces
                            which would have rendered it less expeditious. The Virginia militia is sufficient to destroy the 1600 men that Arnold has
                            with him, if We can but destroy his ships. I beg of your Excellency to send this intelligence to the Chevalier de La
                            Luzerne, recommending always to him the utmost Secrecy even for Congress.
                        Yesterday was the Anniversary of your Excellency’s birth day, We have put off celebrating that holiday till
                            to-day, by reason of the Lord’s day and we will celebrate it with the sole regret that your Excelleny be not a Witness of
                            the effusion and gladness of our hearts. But I cannot help repeating to your Excellency that I hope it won’t be Long
                            before every thing being settled to your wishes, We shall have the honor to see your Excellency here. I am with respect
                            and personal attachment Sir, Your Excellency’s most humble and most obedient Servant
                        le Cte de Rochambeau
                        I receive just now a Letter from the Chevalier de La Luzerne. As I have an answer to make I will write him
                            about those matters which I have desired Your Excellency to communicate to him.


Title: To George Washington from Friedrich Wilhelm Ludolf Gerhard Augustin, Baron [von] Steuben, 12 February 1781
From: Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm Ludolf Gerhard Augustin, Baron [von]
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Richmond 12th Feby 1781

                        I had the honor to address your Excellency the  since
                            then nothing material has occurred in this quarter, the Enemy laying quiet in Portsmouth.
                        The Letter of which the inclosed is Copy came yesterday by Express not being certain that General Greene had
                            wrote your Excellency by the same conveyance, I inclose copy of his Letter to me by an omission in dating the Letter I am
                            uncertain where he was at the time of writing it but immagine him to have been somewhere in the neighbourhood of
                            Charlotte.
                        We have no certain accounts of the number of Troops arrived at Wilmington or who commands them it was said
                            General Prevost but I believe it is only conjecture.
                        I go this day to Chesterfield to expedite as much as possible the march of the remaining detachment of 400
                            Men for the southard having got thro most of the difficulties which opposed our equipping them for the Field they will be
                            very well Armed & tolerably Cloathed—I shall at the same time meet the Officers who are in consequence of my
                            Advertisement assembled their to agree in an Arrangement of the n.y. Line agreeable to the late Resolution of Congress.
                        I cannot help again mentioning to your Excellency the distress we are likely to suffer for want of
                            Arms—there is not the least prospect of obtaining a single one from this State indeed should any operation require
                                their having only one Thousand man Militia in the Field I doubt their being able to Arm them how
                            then we are to Arm the Recruits for the Army is hard to say. with great Respect & Esteem I have the
                            honor to be Your Excellencys most Obed. Servt

                            Steuben

                                Majr General

                     Enclosure

                                Dear Sir

                                    c.12 February 1781

                            Since I wrote you by Maj. Giles, Lord Cornwallis, has been constantly in pursuit of Gen. Morgan, and has
                                burnt his Waggons, & equipd his Army in such a manner as to move with the greatest facility, his force is abo.
                                2500 men.
                            Gen. Morgan by forced marches kept out of the reach of his Lordship, & has got off his Prisoners
                                in safety, but it was partly owing to a happy intervention of a Great Storm, which raised the Catabaw so high that the
                                Enemy could not cross. During which time the Prisoners were pushed on, over The Jadkin, and are on their march for
                                Virginia. The moment I got Intelligence that the Enemy were penetrating the Country, I put the army in motion upon the
                                Pedee, and left it under the Command of Genl Huger, and crossed the Country with a small scout, in order to collect
                                the Militia and make head against the Enemy untill we could make a junction of our Forces, we made the necessary
                                dispositions to prevent the Enemy from crossing the Catabaw, but so few Militia come in and the fords were so numerous
                                it was impossible to Effect it; they crossed at McCowens ford where Gen. Davidson was posted, with the Greatest part
                                of the Militia, The Opposition was inconsiderable, owing to the Generals being Killed as it is said
                                in the beginning of the action, the Greatest part of the Militia were dispersed soon afer the Enemy crossed, nor can I
                                hear of their collecting in any considerable numbers since I waited at one of the places of Rendezvous the night after
                                the Enemy cross’d untill past 12 oClock and not a Man came to our assistance.
                            We are now Endeavouring to form a junction of our Continental Troops at this Place the Enemy were within
                                about 25 miles of us last night. We have hitherto removed all the Stores, out of the Enemy’s way, but if they pursue
                                us, & we are not able to make an effectual Stand which there is little prospect of, unless the Militia come to
                                our aid we shall loose our Stores, & what serves to render our Situation the more distressing is I have just
                                received intelligence that the Fleet that left Virginia is arrived at Wilmington, & that the forces have
                                landed there.
                            These Southern States are in such a defenceless Condition that they must fall under the dominion of the
                                Enemy unless reinforcements are sent on immediately, from the Northward. You know I have always considered the
                                incursions in Virginia as of no consequence if we could prevent their penetrating this way, Pray send on all the men
                                you can equip & if Col. Carrington has not left Virga, desire him to join the army as soon as he can. Major
                                Forsyth also if he has the appointment of Comy Gen.
                            In moving the Stores from Salisbury I found 1700 stand of arms (Continental) in one Store kept for the
                                use of the Militia, in the most miserable order you can imagine. Such distribution of Public Stores is enough to ruin
                                a nation. These are some of the happy effects of defending a Country with Militia, from which Good Lord deliver us.
                            Since my last Lt Col. Lee has surprized George Town, he writes me that many are kill’d, but few taken,
                                one field officer was killed, and several taken prisoner. You shall have the Particulars when I have time to relate
                                them.
                            If the Enemy distress us in this State I am not without hopes of giving them trouble
                                in the rear, & shall take measures for that Purpose—Genls Sumpter, Marian & Pickins, O that we had in
                                the field, as Harry the 5th said, some few of the many thousands that are Idle at home. I am Dear Baron Yr

                                Nath. Greene.


Title: From Tench Tilghman to William Heath, 13 February 1781
From: Tilghman, Tench
To: Heath, William

                            Sir
                             13th Feby 1781.

                        His Excellency is opinion that Capt. Drew, under the above Resolve, may be brought into the Regt to which he
                            belongs, in his proper Rank, and that one of the Captains may retire upon half pay to make a Vacancy for him.

                            Tench Tilghman
                            A.D.C.


Title: From George Washington to Samuel Huntington, 13 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Huntington, Samuel

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor 13 Feby 1781.

                        I do myself the honor of returning your Excellency a letter addressed to President Reed which came under your
                            last cover to me. I imagine your secretary has inadvertently, in making up his dispatches, inclosed my letter to the
                            president of Pennsylvania, as he did that for him to me. I have the honor to be &c.


Title: To George Washington from Henry Knox, 13 February 1781
From: Knox, Henry
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            New Windsor 13 Feby 1781

                        I have received the communication of your Excellency’s intentions the next campaign, with instructions to me
                            to use every exertion in our power to procure those articles which we shall want in a capital operation against New
                            York—or against Charlestown, Savanna, Penobscot, &ca, in case of our inability to undertake the siege of the first
                            and principal object.
                        I shall with peculiar pleasure exert myself to the utmost of my power, with the materials within my reach, to
                            prepare for events, the progress of which would combine the pleasing part of the duty of my particular profession with an
                            attempt to render essential service to my Country.
                        But Your Excellency well knows our present supplies and resources of ordnance and stores are totally
                            inadequate to the demands of an arduous operation. I have strained every nerve I possess, public and private, to obtain an
                            ample supply of shot and shells, which are made in our own Country to uncommon perfection—but in vain. Contracts which
                            have been made for those articles upon the prospect of an instant exigence, have been suspended or annihilated as soon as
                            that particular prospect subsided. And though we have by these transitory exertions obtained a considerable quantity of
                            those articles, yet the deficiency is still great. The greater part of the contracts which were made last campaign were
                            arrested by an order from the board of war, just as the furnaces began to work, to the great detriment and utter ruin of
                            some of the owners.
                        Powder is an article of which we are so deficient, that when a reasonable quantity shall be appropriated for
                            the use of the important posts in the Highlands (which ought to be well furnished under all circumstances) there will
                            litterally none remain.
                        Besides the want of cannon proper for a siege, shot, shells and powder, the laboratory upon which we must
                            almost entirely depend for the preparation of all our fixed stores, are from the best information I can procure, in such a
                            wretched condition for want of money, materials and workmen, that they are incapable of affording the least assistance.
                            That at Springfield is either entirely stop’d, or on the point of being so.
                        It is my opinion that unless new and vigorous measures are adopted for to provide every thing in the ordnance
                            department, that it will be in vain to place any dependence on it in its present wretched and palsied state. I may make
                            estimates it is true, and prefer them to the board of war, as I have done in times past, and probably they will meet the
                            same fate of being unattended to or disputed, until the moment of making proper provisions shall be past.
                        It may be said, that by making and presenting estimates in due season I shall exonerate myself from any
                            blame. That may be just, but experience proves that for want of means or from some other causes, they have been but little
                            attended to. I freely confess I much dislike to be placed in a situation where I shall have the appearance of
                            responsibility (and which from my office I must have) for the actions or measures of persons who perhaps are amenable to
                            no body, and who of consequence conduct business in a manner that may be most agreeable to their own ideas.
                        I thought it proper to state the above facts that your Excellency may know what degree of dependence can be
                            placed on the ordinary modes of supply. I exceedingly fear they will fail us. Possibly some assistance might be obtained
                            by an application to the respective States. But it will be difficult to procure much by such an application, because the
                            States have but small stocks of their own, and because it will interfere with a principle which each State has imbibed so
                            strongly as to become fixed habit, that it is bound, in the first place, to provide for its own defense. If the ordnance
                            and stores should arrive safely from France, which Your Excellency mentions have been sent for, we should I think be able
                            to procure in these States whatever else may be wanted, provided means are given, and great exertions and industry are
                            used by the persons whose business it may be to provide them.
                        I will as soon as possible make out an estimate on the principles given by Your
                            Excellency, which if You approve it, I shall take Your directions to whom I shall address myself, in order to attempt to
                            procure the articles it may contain. I have the honor to be with the greatest Respect Your Excellencys Most Obedient
                            Servant

                            H. Knox


Title: From George Washington to William Livingston, 13 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Livingston, William

                            Dear Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Feby 13th 1781

                        I have received your letters of the 15th of December and 4th of February.
                        I have been for some time past expecting the Commissary of Prisoners at Head Quarters; but he only arrived
                            yesterday. I shall speak to him on the subject of your Excellency’s letter, and shall do every thing in my power to have
                            justice done to the State. Tis no doubt reasonable it should be informed of the steps taken with regard to its prisoners,
                            and I shall endeavour to settle a plan for this purpose.
                        With respect to the Militia taken in arms they have at all times had the same privileges of exchange with the
                            Continental troops—the invariable rule of which has been priority of capture. This being the case, it is just that all
                            persons taken by the Militia, in arms also, should fall into a common stock to be disposed of by the same rule: For,
                            without this, there would be an evident disadvantage to The Continental troops, as the captures made by them go equally to
                            the relief of the Militia as of themselves, while the captures made by the Militia would be confined to their own
                            exclusive benefit.
                        With respect to those not taken in arms—mere citizens—on both sides, it is certainly just and agreeable to
                            rule that those belonging to each State should have an absolute preference in the exchange of those captured by that
                            state, to all others. With the greatest respect & esteem, I have the honor to be, Yr excellys Most Obed. servt

                            Go: Washington

                            I have recd yours of 28th Jany.


Title: To George Washington from Richard Peters, 13 February 1781
From: Peters, Richard
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            War Office Feby 13. 1781

                        The Situation of the British & German Prisoners of War for Want of Cloathing is very distressing
                            & that Misery is chiefly produced by a total Neglect of the Enemy to send them Supplies. The Prisoners in Philada
                            Gaol are perishing with Disease & Nakedness. The putrid Fever rages among them to a great Degree & we find
                            ourselves extremely embarrassed in our Endeavours to establish a separate Hospital for the Diseased Prisoners by the Want
                            of Cloathing & Blanketts. We have thought it best to represent the Matter to your Excellency that you may be pleased
                            to communicate the Situation of these unhappy Men to the British Commander in Chief lest the Destruction which will
                            necessarily fall on them may be imputed to a supposed Inhumanity on our Part & not as it ought to be to the
                            Neglect of their Officers. We have the Honour to be with the greatest Respect & Esteem your very obed. Servant

                            Richard Peters
                            By Order


Title: To George Washington from Mary Boude Clarkson, 13 February 1781
From: Clarkson, Mary Boude,Francis, Anne Shippen Willing
To: Washington, George

                                c.13 February 1781

                        After the Death of the late amiable Mrs Read we found the Benevolent Work she had begun was at a stand; the
                            Idea was painfull and we determined to be Candidates for that laudable employment—we succeeded and have
                            the pleasure to inform Your Excellency that Agreeable to your Advice to that Worthy Lady we have invested the
                            Whole of the Pennsylvania Donation in Shirts, and delivered to Coll Miles four Boxes, Containing Two thousand one hundred
                            & seven Shirts,  pair of Breeches & 14 pair of Stockings, lately received from
                            Chester County. Seventy Seven of the Shirts are the produce of the donation from some Ladies at Trenton, which Your
                            Excellency transmitted to our Treasuress for that purpose—happy to receive your Commands and only regretting that each
                            Soldier in our brave Army couldn’t be beneffitted by the Attentions of the Women of this State—We have the Satisfaction to
                            assure you that immediately on our having cut out the Shirts a great Number of Patriotic Women of this City with warm and
                            gratefull Hearts begged they might be indulged with the pleasure of Making them lamenting thier Abilities was so far short
                            of their Wishes to testify the high Esteem they had for our Brave Army.
                        Permit us to embrace the Occasion of expressing the feeble Wishes that  our Hearts
                            in Your Excellencys favor. May your merrits be as deeply impressed on the Minds of all Worthy Americans as Your exalted
                                Virtued deserves. May you lead home in Triumph a Victorious Army, framed by your
                            Excellency, and trained by your Precepts for the most Valuable purpose of restoring expiring Liberty. May you enjoy all
                            the Train of Blessings Consequent to such Virtuous Labour, and long live the Tool of a gratefull People. Acknowledging you
                            the happy instrument in the hand of Divine Providence, for perfecting the glorious Work of Peace
                            & Liberty to Your Native Country The United Independent States of America.
                        Pardon most revered Sir if we have intruded on your time which we are sensible is
                            invaluable to America, and attribute our presumption to the Overflowings of gratefull Hearts of the
                            known benignity of Yours, being with the Warmest zeal and utmost respect Your sincere Friends & most obliged Hume
                            Serts

                            M. Clarkson A. Francis
                            Sarah Bache Sarah BlainHenrietta Hillegas


Title: From George Washington to Arthur St. Clair, 13 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: St. Clair, Arthur

                            Dear Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor 13th Febry 1781

                        I observe by the recruiting instructions annexed to the printed arrangement of the Pennsylvania line, that
                            the Regimental places of rendezvous are fixed, but that the general Rendezvous is to be at such place as shall be judged
                            proper by me, or the commanding Officer of the line. In my opinion, Bristol and that neighbourhood will be, upon many
                            accounts, most suitable and convenient for this purpose. It is on the most direct communication to the Army; from whence,
                            the troops assembled may be drawn without loss of time, upon an emergency. I would wish them to be cantonned as compact as
                            possible, for the better preservation of discipline, and on account of exercise and maneuvre, both of which should be
                            constantly practiced.
                        I hope to hear that the Gout, of which you were apprehensive, has had its turn, and left you in good health.
                            I shall set out on Thursday for Newport, and shall probably be absent between a Fortnight and three Weeks. I am with great
                            Regard Dear Sir Your most obt Servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to William Shippen, Jr., 13 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Shippen, William, Jr.

                            Sir,
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Feby 13. 81

                        I have received your letter of the fourth of January which hurry of business has prevented my acknowleging
                            sooner.
                        As to the arrangements of the hospitals in the article on point of oeconomy, during your directorship, my situation
                            did not enable me to be a competent judge, though I know myself of no defect to be imputed to you on this head: But so far as
                            they related to the maintenance of order and to the treatment and accommodation of the sick, justice and inclination
                            induce me to declare, that they always gave me intire satisfaction, and had my perfect approbation. There may have been
                            particular instances of disorder or neglect, but upon the whole in the respects I have mentioned, and under our
                            circumstances, I believe no hospitals could have been better administered: And this opinion I found upon the uniform
                            reports of the superintending officers and upon my own observations.
                        I always experienced in you a disposition to comply chearfully with my directions.
                        Accept my acknowledgements for your friendly wishes, and believe me to be with great regard Yr most Obedient
                            servt.

                            Mrs Washington joins me in compliments to the Ladies and to Doctor Lee.


Title: General Orders, 14 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To:

                            Head Quarters New Windsor Wednesday February 14th 1781
                            Parole
                            Countersigns

                        The General with great satisfaction communicates to the Army the following Intelligence just received of
                            important and brilliant successes lately obtained over the Enemy in South Carolina.
                        Brigadier General Morgan who commands the light troops of General Greene’s army having taken post at the
                            Cowpens near Cherokee ford on broad river with about eight hundred men regulars and militia including a body of light
                            dragoons under Lieutenant Colonel Washington was attacked there on the 17th of January in the morning by Lieutenant
                            Colonel Tarleton with a body of horse and infantry amounting to about a thousand—The enemy at first charged with great
                            impetuosity and advancing under a severe fire drove in our advanced parties and being more numerous gained the flanks of
                            the principal body and obliged them to retire about fifty paces; there a halt was made and our troops in turn advancing
                            with a brisk fire threw the enemy into disorder which being observed by Lieutenant Colonel Howard of the Maryland troops
                            he gave orders to the whole to charge bayonets which We executed with such vigor as to complete the route of the enemy and
                            oblige them to a precipitate flight—Lieutenant Colonel Washington about the same time perceiving that the British Cavalry
                            had fallen upon our Riflemen charg’d them with such firmness as immediately drove them into confusion. This was the more
                            honorable from the disparity in numbers Colonel Washington having only eighty horse and the enemy two hundred and eighty.
                            The enemy were pursued more than twenty miles—their Loss consisted in ten commissioned officers and upwards of an hundred
                            rank and file killed and two hundred wounded—twenty nine commissioned officers and five hundred prisoners—two field
                            pieces—two Standards—eight hundred musquets—one travelling forge—thirty five waggons—upwards of an hundred dragoon
                            horses—and their Music—all which articles fell into the hands of our troops In their retreat they destroyed the greatest
                            part of their Baggage which was considerable—the Loss on our side consisted only in twelve killed and sixty wounded.
                        This Victory so decisive and Glorious gained with an inferior force over a select corps of British troops
                            reflects the highest honor on our arms and must have an important influence on the Affairs of the South.
                        About three weeks before Lieutenant Colonel Washington with his dragoons and some mounted Militia had fallen
                            in with a party of two hunderd and fifty Georgia tories killed and wounded an hundred and fifty and took forty
                        prisoners.


Title: From George Washington to Ephraim Blaine, 14 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Blaine, Ephraim

                            Sir,
                             14 February 1781

                        I shall set out in a day or two for Rhode Island. The command in my absence will devolve upon Major General
                            Heath—I am to desire you will do every thing in your power without delay to throw into the garrison of West Point a supply
                            of provisions for several weeks that it may be subject to no accident from a sudden investiture—This I regard as of
                            for much importance, that I hope you will omit nothing practicable towards affecting it and I have written to the Qr Mr
                            General to give you all the assistance of which you may stand in need.
                        You will also pay the closest attention to every object by which the future supply of the army may be
                            promoted. Given at Head Quarters New Windsor February 14. 81.


Title: To George Washington from Caleb Brewster, 14 February 1781
From: Brewster, Caleb
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Fairfield February 14th 1781

                        My appointment on the 6th Inst. was frustrated untill the 9th (by bad weather) when I cros’d, & from
                            information found I could not accomplish my business without endangering particular persons, as there were several crews
                            of Reffugees scattered in the town, which made it impossible for me to see the persons I wish’d.
                        I thought it most prudent to return immediately, and take with me an additional boat when I cros’d again,
                            both for my own safety, & to annoy them if they fell in my way. On the 12th at night I cros’d again with three
                            boats, & effected my purpose, & on the morning following just as we were embarking to return I discover’d
                            a boat rowing from the eastward I lay concealed till she came opposite to me when I detach’d one of my boats in pursuit;
                            she discovering our Strength immediately came on shore, and prov’d to be a cruising Reffugee boat carrying Eight men, a
                            list of their names & characters I have the honor to inclose to your Excellency.
                        The interest of my country induces me to inform your Excellency that there is a constant communication kept
                            up (for trade and intelligence) by the enemy boats, bringing over goods & takeing provisions in return, &
                            in such force that renders it impossible, & many times makes it dangerous for me to transact my business with my
                            present command. An addition of one or two boats will make my appointments certain, & when not on command should
                            be able to keep the coast clear from any interprise they could form. I am with Respect your Excellency’s most Humble
                            Servant

                            Caleb Brewster


Title: From George Washington to John Franklin, 14 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Franklin, John

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor 14. Feby 1781.

                        I am sorry to inform you that Sir Henry Clinton refuses to admit you into New York in the character of Agent
                            for American Prisoners. I hope, that the suspence which you have been held in, since my first application to you on the
                            subject, has been attended with no inconvenience to your private concerns. I am with great Respect Sir Your most obt
                            Servt


Title: To George Washington from Samuel Huntington, 14 February 1781
From: Huntington, Samuel
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Philadelphia February 14. 1781

                        By Letters just come to hand from Mr Carmichael at Madrid, I am informed that the Son of Count de Rochambeau
                            is safe arrived in France.
                        Our last Reports from Virginia say that the British were fortifying at Portsmouth, that their Operations
                            indicated a Design to take Post there.
                        How far Credit ought to be given to the Account contained in the Paper enclosed, that all the Shipping
                            & Troops in the Chesapeake are ordered to leave the Bay & repair to New York, I am unable to determine;
                            but ardently wish that Monsr des Tourlus might be in Circumstances to make them a Visit before they get out of the Bay. I
                            have the Honor to be with the highest Respect your Excellency’s most obedient & most humble Servant

                            Sam. Huntington


Title: From George Washington to John Mathews, 14 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Mathews, John

                            My dear Sir,
                            New Windsor Feby 14th 1781

                        Your favor of the 30th Ulto being delayed on the Road, did not come to my hands till now, when I am on the
                            eve of a journey to Rhode Island. The information given in it is important, It affords me infinite satisfaction; &
                            I have to thank you for your goodness in giving it to me so early.
                        The confederation being now closed will, I trust, enable Congress to speak decisively in their requisitions
                            of the respective States. Without a controuling power to regulate the different parts, and point the whole, both in time
                            & manner, to proper objects, it is not in the nature of things—circumstanced as we are at present—to conduct the
                            great affairs of War as they ought to be—this I have long thought, & scarce a day arrives that
                            does not bring with it some fresh proof in confirmation.
                        I am equally well pleased at the relinquishment of the claim of Virginia to the Land West of Ohio—Individual,
                            as well as general policy, in my opinion, required it of her; for I am sure she never could govern the settlers of that
                            extensive Country—I hope the reservations are not exceptionable ones.
                        My public letters to Congress contain every occurrence of Moment in this quarter—It is needless therefore to
                            repeat them to a Member—nor to assure you that I shall always be thankful for any information you are at
                            liberty to give me, & that I am with every sentiment of esteem &
                            regard Dr Sir Yr Most Obedt Servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: From Tench Tilghman to Timothy Pickering, 14 February 1781
From: Tilghman, Tench
To: Pickering, Timothy

                            Dear Sir
                            Head Quarters 14th Feby 1781.

                        Will you be kind enough to continue the letters sent herewith over the River to the first Express of the
                            Chain, and direct them to be forwarded? His Excellency wishes you to order the Dy Qr Mr at Fishkill, upon the arrival of
                            the southern and Eastern Mails at that place, to call upon the post Master for the letters for Head Quarters and send them
                            immediately to the post Master here by an Express. For want of something of this kind, we have been kept out of the
                            letters for near a Week—Be pleased to send an intelligent Express immediately up to lattimers ferry, and direct him to
                            bring an account of the state of the Ice there—whether it will bear Horses and Carriages, and whether it will be likely to
                            do so on Friday if no material change of Weather happens—I am Yr most obt Servt

                            Tench Tilghman
                            A.D.C.

                            P.S. The letters for Genl Lincoln and prest Weare to go over to the post Office Fishkill.


Title: From George Washington to Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, 14 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor 14th Feby 1781.

                        I have been honored with your Excellency’s favor of the 2d, and am much obliged by the confidential
                            communication of your dispatches from St Domingo.
                        It is with pleasure I transmit your Excellency the Copy of a letter from Brigadier General Morgan to Major
                            Genl Greene, giving an account of a decisive Victory gained by him over Lt Colo. Tarleton on the 17th of January. I am in
                            hopes that this fortunate stroke will, at least, retard the offensive operations of Lord Cornwallis, untill General Greene
                            is in a better condition to oppose his progress, than he was by the last accounts from the Southward. A little time
                            previous to this action—General Morgan having received intelligence, that a body of 250 Tories were on their march from
                            Georgia to join the British Army, he detached Lt Colo. Washington, with the 3d Regt of Dragoons and a body of Militia
                            Horse, to intercept them. Colo. Washington met them at a place called Hammonds Store House—immediately charged them—killed
                            and wounded 150 and made about 40 prisoners. Not a Man on our side was killed or wounded.
                        I propose setting out from hence for Newport on Friday next, if the North River should be passable, and no
                            unforeseen circumstances intervene.
                        The Count de St Mimes has not arrived, which makes me fear I shall not have the pleasure of seeing him at my
                            quarters, untill he returns from Philada. I am at present made very happy by the agreeable company of the Duke de Lauzun,
                            Colo. Sheldon and Count Fierson. I have the honor to be with great Respect Your Excellency’s Most obt and humble
                            Servant

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, 14 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de

                            Sir
                             Feby 14 1781

                        Lt Colonels Gouvion and Gimat have obtained my permission to make a journey to Rhode Island to pay their
                            respects to your Excellency and to see their friends in the army under your command. I had the honor of presenting these
                            Gentlemen to you at Hartford—and take this occasion of recommending them to your attention, as officers who have served
                            with distinction in our army, and who by their personal qualities as well as their military merit have acquired my
                            particular esteem. I have the honor to be with perfect consideration and attachment Yr Excellencys Most Obedt servt


Title: From George Washington to William Heath, 15 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Heath, William

                            Dear Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor 15th Feby 1781.

                        I have recd your favor of yesterday—Brigr Genl Warner waited upon me this day with a letter from Governor
                            Hancock informing me that Gentleman had been sent on with part of the hard Money Gratuity, allowed by the State to
                            their Soldiers who had been inlisted for the War, previous to the 2d day of Decemr last. You will therefore be pleased to
                            cause the most accurate Returns to be made out of the non Commd Officers and privates who come under the above
                            description. I will obtain similar Returns of the Artillery from Genl Knox. When the Returns are compleated Genl Warner
                            will be able to strike his dividend on the first payment. I am Dear Sir Yr most obt Servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: From George Washington to William Heath, 15 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Heath, William

                            Dr Sir,
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Feby 15th 81

                        Some advices which I have received will detain me here longer than I expected—I am to desire you will
                            immediately have all the light companies of the troops under your command completed to fifty rank and file each, and
                            assemble the whole without delay at Peeks Kill. They must be completed with shoes and as far as possible with all other
                            necessaries, for a march to Morris Town; as it will be a pretty expeditious one it is an additional reason for having the
                            men robust and in other respects well chosen. The Adjutant General must carefully inspect them when formed and exchange
                            all whom he does not approve. I am with great regard Dr Sir Yr most Obedient servant

                            Go: Washington

                            P.S. I wish the troops to be ready to march from Fish Kill by the 19th at furthest. I shall instruct
                                the Qr M. General to prepare waggons. The officers will take their light baggage & there must be a serjeant
                                added to each Company.


Title: To George Washington from Cadwallader Jones, 15 February 1781
From: Jones, Cadwallader
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Chesterfield Court House Feby 15th 1781

                        In consequence of my being the eldest Captain belonging to the state Cavalry, of the first & Third
                            Regiments of Dragoons—The Honble Majr General Baron Steuben has appointed me Majr and given me orders to receive the men
                            and Horses furnished by the state to complete the two Legions. As your Excellency must conceive it to be disagreeable to
                            be acting without a Commission, I flatter myself youll write to the Board  War and order them to forward my Commission
                            to Petersburg the place of rendezvous ordered by Baron Steuben. I have the Honour to be Sir Yr Mo. Obt Hble Servant

                            Cadr Jones Majr


Title: To George Washington from Benjamin Lincoln, 15 February 1781
From: Lincoln, Benjamin
To: Washington, George

                            My dear General,
                            Boston, Feby 15th 1781

                        I have the pleasure to inform you that Colo. Laurens sailed on the 13th, after waiting several days in
                            Nantasket-Road for a fair wind. On his arrival here he found the Alliance had not completed her crew & that it
                            would be difficult soon to effect it. This induced him to apply to the Navy-Board to obtain from the General Court a power
                            to impress—which not only failed in the House, but so alarmed the sailors that some secreted themselves and others left
                            the Town; so that although the Assembly ordered the bounty increased out of their own chest, and afterwards gave a
                            permission to inlist out of the State troops, a deficiency still existed, and the ship was detained solely by the want of
                            a crew. This being represented by Colo. Laurens and the importance of his mission joined by his request that I would
                            aid in completing the crew of the Alliance by suffering the sea-officers to engage such of the recruits of this State as
                            were qualified for the marine service—induced me to permit it—and eight or ten of the recruits and about the same number
                            of Invalids went on board—which I hope will meet with your Excellency’s approbation.
                        I have been frequently applied to for warrants for the pay of the Invalids and others—Have I a power to grant
                            such warrants?
                        The late Lieutenant Colonel Loring has been to Congress, I suppose, to solicit a new hearing. From the papers
                            he shewed me in September last I thought that he had such new & material evidence to offer in his case as gave
                            flattering hopes that he would obtain his wishes and prove himself an honest man. I know his circumstances to be such as
                            forbid his remaining longer from his family without great injury to himself and them. Give me leave to beg, my dear Sir,
                            if he is to enjoy the benefit of a new hearing that he may as early as possible have that favor.
                        There are many deserters strolling through the country, who, I suppose, would return to their duty, if they
                            could hope for a pardon. But past omissions to embrace the mercy so often held out to them has I presume prevented your
                            Excellency from repeating, once more, that which has been attended with so little success. Though I cannot solicit your Excellency in behalf of these infatuated men, without hurting your feelings, for
                            I am confident your willingness to save has known no other bounds than the utmost limits of mercy to the wicked which
                            could be exercised short of cruelty to the good; Yet I have my wishes that the most virtuous, if virtue can be applied to
                            any of them, might be encouraged to hope for an opportunity of evidencing the sincerity of their repentance by furthere
                            obedience, and rewarded accordingly. I have the honor to be my Dear General with every sentiment of esteem your
                                Excellency’s most obedient & most humble servant

                            B. Lincoln


Title: To George Washington from Alexander McDougall, 15 February 1781
From: McDougall, Alexander
To: Washington, George

                            Sir,
                            Philadelphia 15th Feby 1781.

                        The times are so critical and the subjects on which I shall have occation to write your Excellency are so
                            important, that I have determined to do it under the signature of Marcus. This will prevent
                            many of the evil effects which have arisen to our Country from the miscarriage of Letters. My Compliments to your Lady.
                            And Believe me to be, Sir, with great respect Your most Humble Servt


Title: From George Washington to Timothy Pickering, 15 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Pickering, Timothy

                            Sir,
                            Hd Qrs New Windsor Feby 15. 81

                        I have ordered a detachment of light troops amounting to a 1000 to assemble at Peek’s Kill
                            in readiness to march towards Morris Town by the 19th. I am to desire you will have waggons ready for them by that time
                            to remain attached to them for some time and forage at proper stages on the route. It is necessary this business should be
                            executed with punctuality.—When you have given your directions on the subject I shall be glad to see you at Head Quarters. You must
                            comprehend in your provision horses for four pieces of light artillery. I am Sir Yr Most Obed. serv.

                            Go: Washington


Title: From Alexander Hamilton to Timothy Pickering, 15 February 1781
From: Hamilton, Alexander
To: Pickering, Timothy

                            Dr Sir
                            Hd Qrs Feby 15. 81

                        The General directs you will send off the inclosed dispatch for Count De Rochambeau very early in the morning
                            with the most positive directions concerning expedition. It is of great importance that it should arrive to him as quick
                            as possible.
                        He wishes you also to write to the Qr Master at the station of your last express and desire him in case
                            Sheldon should not have taken up the chain there, to forward it by a trusty and active person to the Duke De Lauzuns first
                            stage which is at Hartford.

                            Alex. Hamilton
                            Aide De Camp

                            The General says he had a conversation with you on the manner of procuring waggons. Be so good as to
                                inclose the letter for the Duke De Lauzen to your deputy at Hartford with directions to deliver it immediately into
                                the Duke’s own hand—the two to Chattelux & Noailles to your deputy at New Port with the same directions each
                                to its proper owner—If you have no deputy, send them to some friend. They are it seems of a very confidential
                            nature.


Title: To George Washington from John Pierce, 15 February 1781
From: Pierce, John
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            New Windsor Feby 15 1781.

                        In the settlement of the subsistence of the Army since the 1st November last, I cannot determine what ought
                            to be allowed the Officers, as they have drawn from the Commissary one ration more than was formerly given them.
                        The Officers I am informed have an expectation, that this extra ration will be given for the deficiencies of
                            their rations & parts of rations and for the almost universal want of every thing they sustain.
                        I am therefore to request your Excellency would please to direct me in this instance—the accounts being at a
                            stand until it can be determined. I have the Honor to be with the greatest respect, Your Excellys most Obt Servt

                            Jno. Pierce Paym. Genl


Title: General Orders, 16 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To:

                             Friday February 16th 1781
                            Parole
                            Countersigns.

                        The Light companies are immediately to be augmented to fifty rank and file each with an additional serjeant
                            and are to rendezvous the 19th at Peekskill prepared for a march—They are to be completed in shoes—The former directions
                            concerning the greatest care in the choice of the men are repeated—the Adjutant General will inspect the companies when
                            formed and exchange all the men who have been indifferently chosen.
                        At a division court martial held in the Connecticutt line by order of Major General Parsons the 12th instant
                            Colonel Samuel B Webb President.
                        Joshua Taylor soldier in the 3d Connecticut regiment was tried for "Desertion joining the Enemy and taking up
                            arms in the british service."
                        The Court are of opinion that Joshua Taylor was duly inlisted and therefore guilty of the several charges
                            exhibited against him being breaches of Section 6th Article 1st of the rules and articles of war and do sentence him to
                            suffer Death more than two thirds of the Court agreeing thereto.
                        The Commander in Chief confirms the opinion of the court and orders it to be put in execution at such time
                            and place as Major General Heath shall direct.


Title: From George Washington to James Clinton, 16 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Clinton, James

                            Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor Feby 16th 81

                        As we are making a detachment from this army, it is become expedient to withdraw a part of your brigade
                            towards replacing it. You will therefore march to West Point, as speedily as possible, six companies of Col. Van Schaicks
                            regiment, of which the light company to be one. You will make such a disposition with the rest of your brigade as you
                            judge best calculated for the security of the frontier and the stores in that quarter. I am Sir Yr most Obed. servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from John Collins, 16 February 1781
From: Collins, John
To: Washington, George

                            Please Your Excellency,
                            Springfield Goal Feby 16th 1781

                        It is with the greatest reluctance I trouble your Excelly With repetitions, but my distress’d condition
                            compells me to it. being destitute of A Relation in this Country to espouse my cause, nor Support Sufficient for an
                            Existance but lodged in A cold Goal, not possess’d of a Blanket to cover me with & not a farthing to purchase one.
                        When I wrote to your Excellency the 24th of January last, as also the 3d Instant, I mentioned in one of my
                            letters, that I could not presume to say how my conduct may be represented to your Excy by those that I am persuaded would
                            destroy me guiltless—Since which I understand, that Mr Cheever had informed your Excellency by letter in decr Last that I
                            was a great defaulter and broke my trust in a private life as well as in public—this I had by Information. Your Excellency
                            knows best whether he has wrote so or not—it being every persons interest to Support their own characters and mine ought
                            to be as dear to me as theirs are to the highest monarchs on Earth-- And in Vindication thereof I beg leave to Inclose
                            Copies of the Certificates & depositions Sent to me from my former Employer, & the Authority of the town
                            of Wethersfield, which was the first home I made at this Side of the atlantic—Your Excellency will please to perceive that
                            on the 2d day of decr 1776, I quited Mr Leonard Chester’s Service, Inlisted as orderly Sergt the fifth following at Said
                            Wethersfield and joined Col. Saml Wyllys’s Regt at Roxbury the 25th following as may appear by Col. Wyllys’s abstracts.
                            have Served one Year in Said Regt to acceptance; and Joined the ordnance Stores on the first of Jany 1777 and discharged
                            the duties Assigned me with applause rather than disgrace till the 26th day of August last which was the day I medled with
                            the four Bbs’ Saltpetre, it being Represented to Mr Cheever by designing men that I was making interest to superceed him
                            obliged him to take the advantage of me and prosecute his evil designs though I lodged the Saltpetre in a public officers
                            hands and informed Mr Cheever of it who was Glad of the Opportunity to distress me. Alas I am distressd at his discretion.
                            though he is the means of my misfortune, by Keeping me out of my pay & Subsistance for 14 months back though
                            triffling it is it would prevent my disgrace. he had the money & would not advance it to those in distress—if it
                            be in the power of  to accuse me with any other charge or fraud in the Executing of my Business,
                            I am quite willing to Suffer at the discretion of the Candid, and beg Your Excellency will please to
                            order some method to be taken that may tend to my relief Either by a Court of Justice or otherwise as
                            Your Excy pleases to Command.
                        Having an item of the darkness of Mr Cheevers letter to Your Excy Respecting me when
                            Confined obliged me to beg leave to inclose my character at large during my recidence in wethersfield. and if
                                required if it can be of any service to me I am persuaded I can have a illegible
                             character at this place where I am Station’d Since april 1777  the year that I served
                            in the Connecticutt line I am Satisfied that my character stood as fair as any youngr in the regt
                            fought at Harlem heights the 16th of Sepr 1776 as also in the Month of october on the expedition Against Mountezuer’s
                            Island under Col. Jackson was in the first boat that landed, these duties I voluntarilly discharged which the officers of
                            the Regt will aver-- With all due Respect I beg leave to Subscribe myself Your Excellencys most obedt & most Hum.
                            Servt

                            John Collins Late D.C.M.S.

                            the postmaster at Hartford if his Excy is on the move, will please to Govern himself accordingly.

                     Enclosure

                                    December 1780

                            An Estimate of money advanced John Collins D.C. Military Stores on acct of his Salary. forty-Eight Months
                                Commencing in Jany 1777 and Endg in Decr 80 is 87405/paper money Genly paid six or Eight months after it Became
                                due—and had not a Single dollar for Depreciation of the Currency.

                                John Collins

                                    £ 874: 5/

                     Enclosure

                                To Whom it may concern
                                Wethersfield Feby 1st 1781

                            John Collins having lately been brought into difficulty by means of an attempt to defraud the Publick
                                & reports having circulated to his disadvantage as to his character during his residence in Wethersfield about
                                five or six years Since, We the Subscribers Inhabitants of said Wethersfield esteem it our duty (in compliance with his
                                Wishes) to Say that during his residence with us he was ever esteemed by us as a very Honest faithful &
                                deligent Young man, one that attended to his own proper Business & was peacable with all Men and we believe he
                                obtained & deserved this Character with all who were Acquainted with him—as we never heared any person speak a
                                word against him, but many in his favor as he was beloved amongst us. And although we cannot in the least pretend to
                                Justify his late bad conduct, yet from our former Acquaintance we are willing to put the most Charitable colouring
                                upon it, & to believe that it proceeded from Necessitous circumstances rather than from a former fixed habit
                                in the paths of Vice.
                            Wethersfield, Feby 1st 1781
                            To Whom it may concern

                                    Silas Loomiss

                                    Josiah Deming

                                    Thomas Newman

                                    Ephraim Deming

                                    Saml Riley

                                    Hezekh Crane

                                    Simon Riley

                                    Allyn Stillman

                                    Benn Bulkley

                                    Elisha Williams

                                    Thoms Bulkley

                                    Elisha Deming

                                    Josiah Smith

                                    Othriel Williams

                                    James Smith

                                    Joseph Stillman

                                    Hezh May

                            a Copy
                            A true Copy attest
                            Springfield Feby 17th 1781
                            John Morgan Goler

                            These Certify that I had not much acquaintance within named Collins while he lived in Wethersfield but so
                                far as I was Do believe to be as within  described an Honest & faithfull man and believe that was his
                                General Character in the town.

                                Ezl Williams

                                A true Copy attest from the Original Springfield Feby 17th 1781

                                John Morgan Goler

                     Enclosure

                                Wethersfield Feby 1st 1781

                            Leonard Chester of Wethersfield late Mercht the Subscriber of Lawful age deposeth that John Collins came to
                                live with me on or about the 25th day of July 1774 & continued with me till the 2d day of decr 1775—&
                                that while he was in my service—I found him willing to Serve & oblige capable of improving.
                                industrious—attentive to his orders & noted for his Honesty—on that last head—I was particularly
                                attentive—try’d him by Various methods. had my accounts Kept in Such a manner as to check every error of whatever
                                Kind, that could turn up in the way of my Business—that altho I drank in a partial prejudice against him from his
                                situation—his being a foreigner unKnown to everyone in the Vicinity &c.—Yet from a Strict Scrutiny of his
                                conduct—I was daily more & more established in the opinion I had formed of his Honesty &
                                Integrity—even so far as to leave the Charge of my Store, Effects & Business—for weeks together while I was at
                                N. York Boston &c.—nor do I recollect—a Single instance where his Integrity Honesty or Veracity were scrupled
                                by me—I have been thus particular—as I have understood that since his defailance, at the
                                works at Springfield—it has been reported that his Character was bad at Wethersfield & that he had broke his
                                trust with me and Committed a Robery—which when I heared I contradicted and asserted-- & Still Assert. that so
                                far from his Robbing me he was instrumental in detecting a Robbery committed at my Store—& during the whole of
                                that transaction I never suspected (to my remmembrance) that he was by any means accessary—He was generally of a mild
                                disposition & temperate in Liquor—nor did I ever Know him unfit for duty or disguised by Liquor—till the
                                Evening of the 2d of Decr when he was discharg’d & left my Business nor did I impute that to his fault—but it
                                being Saturday Eveng when the Carpenters Joiners Carters &c. were allowed a Saturday Nights cann—by his
                                sipping the Liquors he mix’d—and Shutting the Store in the Blustering cold & Immediatily after Sitting in a
                                warm countg Room—it flushd his Spirits out of Bounds & I was obligd to order him away—& further the
                                Deponent Saith not.

                                Leonard Chester

                                N.B. we used to stile him my faithfull & my Honest Irish man.
                                The Court martial that first trys John Collins late Asst D. Comy of Ordnance Stores at Springfield in
                                    massachusetts Bay—the Deposition of Leonard Chester of Wethersfield in Connectt.

                                N.B. Mr Parsons of Springfield when I was last up asked me Collins’s character, which also did Col.
                                    Worthington & after Mr Bull the Cloathier & Col. Smith Late Quartermaster I told them each as
                                    within Specifyd. and so far from being Guilty of the Theft of my Stores—he was the principle means of its
                                    Detection which each of them if Call’d will aver—and to no other persons did I speak on the Subject to my
                                    remmembrance.

                                Leonard Chester

                                A true Copy from the original attest
                                Springfield Feby 17th 1781
                                John Morgan Goler


Title: To George Washington from Benjamin Harrison, 16 February 1781
From: Harrison, Benjamin
To: Washington, George

                            My Dear Sir
                            Philada Feby 16th 1781

                        I arrived at this place five days ago, sent by our Assembly to make application to congress for immediate
                            assistance in men, arms, ammunition cloathing, and was also directed to wait on you on the same subjects; on Wednesday
                            last I laid before a Committee of that body the business I had in charge as fully as it was in my power to do without
                            answers to letters I had written to the Governor of N. Carolina and Gen. Green, requesting of the one the situation of
                            his Government as to the necessaries for carrying on the War, and of the other his wants and a return of what regular
                            troops he had fit for duty, and from whence they came, these letters were written in the most respectful terms and with an
                            assurance that the only motives that actuated me were the general good, however as answers are withheld, I suppose the
                            inquiry was look’d on as improper, tho’ I cannot yet by any means think so. Our assembly on taking a full and accurate
                            view of the Southern War, and of our own Situation, on whom very much of its success depends, are justly alarmed; they
                            find the Country greatly exhausted in the articles of provisions, arms, and military stores of all Kinds, and that there
                            is but little prospect of assistance in these particulars from the adjoining States, except as to provisions from N.
                            Carolina, and even these we have but too much reason to fear will be furnished in but scanty proportion. The greatest part
                            of the ammunition sent to the South went from Virga, by which means we are left with but about 4700 wt of powder of all
                            kinds, and much of that must be worked over before it can be used, several thousand stands of arms have also gone on, but
                            very few of them have been returned, and those in such wretched order that they are useless to us for want of artificers
                            to repair them; from this summary state of the matter you may easily conclude that our own safety forbids us to disfurnish
                            ourselves any farther, as from the frequency of invasions of late we have abundant reason to conclude that the Enemy mean
                            to overrun us when ever opportunity shall offer; but our wants and distresses do not end here, we have still a greater
                            wch seems to be almost insuperable, what men we have in the field are so naked that they can render but little service,
                            many of them have been ordered into winter Quarters, and the remainder must soon follow, unless a supply can be had, every
                            method has been tried by the Assembly and Executive to furnish them but with very little success, not more than 300 Suits
                            of cloaths and about as many blankets have been obtained, tho’ we have made use of impress where it was necessary. The
                            Assembly have passed a Bill for raising 3000 men I think we may expect at least 2500 from the law; but without cloaths
                            &ca they will also be useless, next to congress we look up to you for assistance not doubting but you will do
                            every thing within your line to forward the Service.
                        Since the above Congress have taken into their consideration the subject of the Southern defence, and have
                            agreed on several resolutions, which I understand have been forwarded to you, I hope they will not derange any plans that
                            you may have formed, for you may depend on it less will not save the Southern States. If the supplies expected by congress
                            should arrive to the Eastward we hope you will devise ways to get the proportion assigned us sent on, for without your
                            interposition but little of them will probably fall to our share. I should most certainly have waited on you at Camp if
                            your journey Eastward had not prevented me, where I could have explained our wants and difficulties more fully than I can
                            by letter, but it being impossible for me to wait your return, I use the only method now left, that of inclosing to you
                            the several papers I have with me wch will throw some light on the Subject. I wish you every felicity and success and am
                            with the most perfect Friendship and Esteem Dear Sir your most affect. & obt Sert

                            Benja. Harrison


Title: From George Washington to William Heath, 16 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Heath, William

                            Dear Sir
                            Head Quarters New Windsor 16 Feby 1781

                        I return you the proceedings of the Division Court Martial held by order of Majr Genl Parsons. I have
                            confirmed the sentence of Taylor and ordered it to be carried into execution, at such time and place as you shall
                            direct—The punishment ordered to be inflicted upon Cahos is not authorised by the Articles of War, but as it may be
                            sometimes necessary to depart somewhat from the line laid down, for the sake of making the greater impression upon the
                            Soldiery, General Parsons may order the sentence to be executed at his discretion—That the Man may not be lost to the
                            service, he may, after being drummed out of the line, be delivered to the Quarter Masters department, in which, he make an
                            useful labourer, tho’ not qualified for a Soldier. I am Dear Sir Yr most obt and hble Servt

                            Go: Washington


Title: To George Washington from William Heath, 16 February 1781
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General,
                            West point Feb. 16. 1781.

                        I have been honored with yours of the 15.—have ordered all the light companies to be immediately augmented to
                            fifty rank & file with the addition of one serjeant to each company and the companies to be fully officered, to
                            march to Peeks-kill the morning after to morrow (viz. the 18.) with three Days provision, and in other respects
                            conformable to your directions; but I have given no orders for forming the companies into battalions, nor appointed any
                            field Officers to command them; supposing your Excellency would determine that matter. It will be necessary that the field
                            officers should have notice as soon as possible. I will pursue any measures respecting the formation of the regiments, or
                            notifying the field officers, you may please to direct—I pray to know your pleasure in the morning. I have the honor to be
                            With the greatest respect Your Excellencys Most obedient servant

                            W. Heath


Title: To George Washington from Robert Howe, 16 February 1781
From: Howe, Robert
To: Washington, George

                            Dear sir
                            Westpoint 16th feby 1781.

                        I was honoured with your Excellency’s favour of the 15th about half hour since. My earnest wish was, and is,
                            to have the honour of attending you to Newport. the uncertainty of the time of your departure alone would induce me to set
                            out before you, but as this is not possible to be ascertained I would proceed with your leave to Hartford, where a
                                visit to Mr Web’s family long since due might be paid & where I should be directly in
                            your Excellency’s rout. Should your Excellency be prevented from Coming on or be longer detained than you expect, honour
                            me with an intimation of it, and I can wait you either there, at providence or Rhode-island, and my happiness will be to
                            attend you. But if your Excellency’s detention is the result of any circumstances of Service in which I can be the least
                            usefull: if any matter of enterprize is on foot, where I can be employed, for God’s sake do not let me proceed, for the
                            deepest wound my heart could possibly receive would be to be out of the way when military events were taking place. I hope
                            with anxiety your answer and have the honour to be with the greatest respect Dr Sir Your Excellency’s most obedient and
                            Most humble servant

                            Robt Howe

                            P.S. Lest I Should Be absolutely deprived of the pleasure of attending your Excellency, I beg that you
                                will be pleased to forward to me the letters of recommendation so kindly offered for Governor Hancock, Count
                                Rochambeau or any other acquaintance.


Title: To George Washington from Hugh Hughes, 16 February 1781
From: Hughes, Hugh
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Fish Kill Feby 16th 1781

                        Very unfortunately I was absent when your Excellency’s Commands arrived, but, as my Assistant informs me that
                            every Thing was done that was required, I hope they have been attended to agreeably to your Excellency’s Wish. If they
                            have not, it is contrary to positive, Standing Orders, which shall be complied with, whenever your Excellency shall be
                            pleased to Order me informed of a Deficiency. I have the Honour to be, with the greatest Respect Your Excellency’s most
                            Obedt & very humble Servant

                            H. Hughes


Title: To George Washington from Edmund Pendleton, 16 February 1781
From: Pendleton, Edmund
To: Washington, George

                            Dear Sir
                            Edmundsbury Virga Feby 16th 1781.

                        I beg Pardon for having so long delayed to pay you my Annual Acknowledgment of regard & Esteem, as
                            well as that for your very obliging favour of October 22d by General Green, who passed wth such rapidity to the Scene of
                            his Command, as to Miss me, otherwise I should have been happy in shewing him every mark of respect due to his Merit and
                            yr recommendation, as well as in the pleasure of his Company; However he was hastening to enjoy a Superior pleasure in
                            contriving to Stop the Rapid Progress of the Enemy in the Country Committed to his care. Upon his great Success in which,
                            I congratulate you, & the Public. I have long lamented the want of System & Stability in the Conduct of
                            our Public affairs; the grand Objects of men & money instead of being provided, by foresight, wisdom &
                            Permanent means, have been left to be scrambled up on the Spur of Occasion, & of course by Indigested distructive
                            Measures—Men might have been raised, for the War at a moderate bounty, if the Subject had been taken up in time, but this
                            has been now render’d difficult, if not impossible, by the large bounties given to tempt men hastily into the feild, tho’
                            for a very Short time. For they soon learn to calculate upon that scale, & say if a four Months Service be worth
                            £300, that for the War deserves a Sum beyond the reach of calculation: The late Invasion has retarded the business of
                            Attempting to fill up our Continental line, which will not be done for the War, notwithstanding the high bounty of  1,000 dollars in
                            hand, a Specific Collection of cloathing, & Provisions, & at the End of the War 300 acres land, &
                            a young negroe; I am happy in finding we shall have some however, since the business began only last Monday in this
                            County, & I was yesterday told by a Majestrate he had sworn five listed for the War: We shall also have some for 3
                            years, but I believe the Bulk of them will be drafted for 18 Months, who, as Usual, will return as soon as they have
                            learnt their duty.
                        In the business of Finance it is not to be wonder’d at, that we should blunder, having been unused to that
                            delicate Subject. We had been only small Haberdashers in the Commerce of Paper, & therefore were Alarm’d at every
                            little report of it’s depreciation, when such large quantitys were necessarily emitted-- And instead of the Radical
                            remedies of taxes & a foreign Loan to support it’s credit, We had recourse to Palliative Expedients of a
                            Speculative kind, wch failed in practical Adoption, & made new ones Necessary; ’til at length they lost even the
                            Power of amusing; and I think it may be pronounced that every Attempt Of Congress to Support the Credit of the paper, has
                            produced the direct contrary effect. & that if they had continued Emitting as Necessity required, & Used
                            their endeavours to procure a foreign loan; and the States had at the same time Imposed taxes, proportioned in some degree
                            to the quantity of money in circulation, & nothing further had been said or done on the Subject of depreciation,
                            It would have never reach’d one half the Height, it has done. However I am drawn Unwarily into finding fault upon this
                            deep Subject & will have done. Upon that of want of System, I have to regret that in my Opinion, to it was to be
                            imputed our disgrace in having Our Metropolis, at 100 miles distance from the Sea Coast, Supprized & taken without
                            resistance by an handful of Banditti—No regular mode of Intelligence had been fix’d of the Arrival of the Enemy, &
                            yet the Governor’s expecting an Account of their progress, after he had received that of their Arrival from a private
                            hand, Occasioned him to delay calling the Neighbouring Militia ’til it was too late. I am sure his Intentions are the very
                            best, but he was Incredulous, & not sufficiently attentive on this Occasion. It is only to you Sir, that I speak
                            thus freely, who I know, if you can, will make a good Use of any hint, but never a bad one.
                        I forbear relating any Occurrences respecting the present State of the War, knowing that your Intelligence is
                            much better than mine—I have only to add my Wishes for yr & good Mrs Washingtons happiness, & that I am
                            with the Warmest & most sincere Affection Yr Excellys Mo. hble & Obet Servt

                            Edmd Pendleton


Title: To George Washington from Elias Dayton, 17 February 1781
From: Dayton, Elias
To: Washington, George

                            Sir
                            Chatham Febr. 17th 1781

                        I had the honour to receive your Excellencys letter of the 7th instant four days since. I am sorry to
                            acquaint your excellency that my health is not yet as well established as I could wish, being at present exceedingly
                            troubled with a  swelling in my thigh which has confined me closely for a fortnight past, it however bears a favourable
                            appearance & I expect to be able to join the troops in a few days. This your excellency may rely upon my doing as
                            soon as I am able to sit on horseback. It has been intimated to me that General Washington disapproved of the measures
                            adopted & pursued with the Jersey mutineers, and my not hearing any thing from the General in answer to my letter
                            on that subject increased my suspicion that my conduct had not been approved. As nothing can give me greater pain than
                            your excellencys displeasure I could wish to be informed what part of my conduct was conceived to be reprehensible, that I
                            might clear it up as I am convinced I could, to the satisfaction of every one. I never wished for lenient steps with the
                            insurgents but would gladly have been concerned in cutting a number of their throats if the officers, Commissioners and
                            Militia whom I consulted had agreed in the propriety of such a measure. I am your Excellency most Obedient &
                            Humble Servant

                            Elias Dayton

                            A vessel from General Arnold has arrived at New york in a short passage & brought accounts of his
                                being in a hobble, as they term it themselves one french ship of the line, and two frigates are anchored opposite him
                                in such a manner as to prevent his geting off without assistance from New york.
                            The enclosed is a letter from an Old correspondent in New york.

                     Enclosure

                                Dear Jack;

                                    c.17 February 1781

                            I am apt to thinck you are Dead or at Least thinck your Self So as I Have not Heard from you this Long
                                time I Send you By the Barer Some newspapers to Rouse you out of your Lethergy and awaken your Corraspondance as to
                                news Jack we have Backloads of it Some Good Some Bad and Some Kept Secret as posabel what we have from the Suthern
                                army you will Se By This Days paper — which I Send you and three others with different Dates the Pakket is arrived But Her
                                new is Kept a Seceret from the publick all that I Can Lern is that the Genl Has accompts of ten Sail of the Line and
                                twelve thousand french troops that they exspect Has Imbarcked and Saled for Some part of this Contenent and it was
                                Exspected in England that they was arrived Hear Before the packet Could Reach this place, Everyone talks of the Dutch
                                proclaming war in the Spring and many of the prinspal peopel Hear Exspect this place to Be attak Early next Campain
                                How matters Stand On your Side I Cannot tell as I Do not Hear any thing from you—Jack I must Give you the Disscription
                                of One of Capt. wards Guards turned out in the preasone of a Gentelmen of my Acquaintance who furnished me with the
                                following Return One Corparal with one Eye & Six  five privates Do Six Eyes &
                                twentyfive teeth four negroes Seven—Eyes thirty teeth three Whores tw and one half the whole
                                Guard as above Stated as to my Old friend B. L—y and G. L. they Had a narrow Escape this Last Snow the perticulars I
                                will Give you at a Conveniant oppertunity Still your

                                Littel D.


Title: From George Washington to John Hancock, 17 February 1781
From: Washington, George
To: Hancock, John

                            Dear Sir;
                            New Windsor Feb. 17th 1781.

                        Major General Howe having an inclination—during our present moments of tranquility & the inactivity
                            of the Season—to visit Rhode Island and Boston, I take the liberty of introducing him to your Excellency’s acquaintance as
                            he may not have the pleasure of being personally known to you.

                            incomplete


Title: To George Washington from William Heath, 17 February 1781
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General,
                            Westpoint Feb. 17. 1781

                        The light companies are completing with all possible dispatch; but it will be difficult to obtain the whole
                            number of proper men in the present debilitated state of the regiments; however, the best will be carefully selected.
                            After the light companies are gone, we shall scarcely be able to relieve the guards, while so many men are on different
                            commands as at present. The regiment to which Capt. Welles’ company (who is now with the Guardboats) belongs, I am this
                            moment informed, will not be able to complete their company, exclusive of the men who are with him. In mine of the 8th
                            instant I took the liberty to mention to your Excellency the circumstance of that company; I have not yet had the honor of
                            your answer—and a doubt now arrises, whether his company is to be considered as one of the light companies from the
                            Connecticut line—or that each regiment is to have a company of fifty rank & file exclusive of it; the latter
                            cannot at present, be effected. I have the honor to be With the greatest respect Your Excellency’s Most obedient Servant

                            W. Heath


Title: To George Washington from William Heath, 17 February 1781
From: Heath, William
To: Washington, George

                            Dear General,
                            West point, Feb. 17. 1781.

                        I am just honored with yours of this date. The light-companies shall be immediately formed into battalions,
                            and field officers appointed to them conformable to your directions. But a difficulty arrises with respect to Major Reid;
                            the sentence of the court-martial, which is before your Excellency, has not yet been published, & Major Reid is
                            under arrest. If your Excellency should think proper to publish the sentence to morrow, he may possibly join the
                            detachment in season.
                        Lt Colonel Commandant Sherman I am informed, is on furlough. Colonel Vose will command the eight eldest
                            companies of the Massachusetts line—The particular arrangement, as soon as completed shall be presented to your
                            Excellency. I have the honor to be with the greatest respect your Excellency’s most obedient servant

                            W. Heath

                            P.S. Lt Colo. Commandant Sprout and Major John Porter are both present but are not in the list of field
                                officers received from headquarters.

                            W.H.