piebro/osm-data huggingface dataset:
pitscheplatsch (2022-12-10 07:16:08+00:00): Something went wrong?
pitscheplatsch (2022-12-10 07:16:03+00:00): Something went wrong?
Sanniu (2022-12-21 11:40:56+00:00): Hi and welcome to OSM!
Is the Wetzman Avenue closed for traffic there? Or this is temporary closure?
Jakob48 (2022-12-10 11:43:25+00:00): Hello flatratemovingmd,

Please note. your opening hours entries in opening_hours are not machine readable for navi apps.

The correct syntax is described in https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Key:opening_hours.

Regards
Jakob48
TZJQB0LSBK (2022-12-09 05:48:59+00:00): Sure! I'll fix it.
kartler175 (2022-12-09 16:20:47+00:00): Änderung zurückgesetzt, da Google Maps keine legale Quelle für OSM ist.
https://www.openstreetmap.org/changeset/129906764
Jakob48 (2022-12-10 12:15:10+00:00): Hello flatratemovingmd,

Please note. your opening hours entries in opening_hours are not machine readable for navi apps.

The correct syntax is described in https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Key:opening_hours.

Regards
Jakob48
Jakob48 (2022-12-10 13:17:50+00:00): Hello flatratesanfran,

sorry for my wrong salutation in the previous comment. Of course I meant you.
MxxCon (2022-12-13 06:45:46+00:00): Hello.
Are those actually tunnels through the building or entrances/exits to underground parking garages?
            ---
            
            Published using OSMCha: https://osmcha.org/changesets/129887346
akuksouski_lyft (2022-12-13 11:04:15+00:00): Hi, MxxCon! Thank you for paying attention to my edits!

You are definitely right, according to Bing street-level images these roads provide access to underground parking garages underneath the buildings and don’t comply with tunnel=building_passage definition of the OSM wiki. Since there’s not enough data to map underground roads,  I have reverted my edits and added appropriate tags for parking entrance nodes in the changeset https://www.openstreetmap.org/changeset/130031564 

I apologize for this mistake and any inconvenience it may have caused. Please, let me know if I missed something while fixing this issue, I will definitely correct any inaccuracies.

Best regards,
Alexander
Alexia Schoonjans (2023-02-10 19:23:18+00:00): Bonjour,

D’après la ville de Charleroi, la rue qui s’appelle "Quai de la gare du Sud" a gardé son nom d'origine, qui n'a pas été adapté quand la gare centrale a changé de nom.
C'est ici : https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/845075176 ;-)
Es-tu sûr qu'il fallait changer le nom de cette rue ? Je n'ai pas regardé les plaques de rue mais je pense que c'est encore l'ancien nom.
nevw (2022-12-09 08:13:20+00:00): Hi
the building tag is used to map the building footprint and not the block of land around the house. Also the natural=wood area was deleted but appears to be still there by satellite imagery. Please try to improve the map.
adrianojbr (2023-03-25 14:40:10+00:00): Pelas imagens da Maxar e da Esri o que aparece ali não é um portão, mas sim a sobra de um poste.
            ---
            
            Published using OSMCha: https://osmcha.org/changesets/129888339
AusangateMountain (2023-03-28 05:56:34+00:00): Hello Adrianojbr, after returning to this location and looking at the resources cited, I can see that this is correct. Thank you for updating the tagging along this way.
Tradução automática:
Olá Adrianojbr, depois de voltar a este local e olhar para os recursos citados, posso ver que isso está correto. Obrigado por atualizar a marcação ao longo deste caminho.
eggie (2022-12-09 07:49:09+00:00): Lijkt me oke..  Dat call us geeft in ieder geval geen foutmelding in de validator van josm.
Kennelijk verwacht de key opening_hours eerst een tijd..  en geen tekst.

Groet
eggie
eggie (2022-12-09 07:42:11+00:00): Oke.. weg is weg..dus prima. 

Die toegangsweg heeft de tag meegekregen (van mij overigens indertijd) covered=yes.. Dan kan nu covered=yes ook weg... anders zie je een soort tunneltje.

Groet
eggie
eggie (2022-12-09 08:21:43+00:00): covered yes heb ik verwijderd..
eggie (2022-12-09 08:09:32+00:00): Dag LeRoi..

Je kunt dan toevoegen agricultural=yes

maar ook moped en mofa=yes (want in OSM worden die als motorvoertuigen gezien)

https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Key:agricultural

Je edits https://overpass-api.de/achavi/?changeset=129888716


Groet,
eggie
eggie (2022-12-09 08:13:35+00:00): en dan even splitsen waar het G12a fietspad gebing, want dan moeten brommers wel op het fietspad.
eggie (2022-12-09 08:18:02+00:00): Eigenlijk dezelfde tagging als de Parallelweg aan de zuidzijde van de N57
eggie (2022-12-09 08:35:15+00:00): https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/index.php?title=NL:Overzicht_Nederlandse_Verkeersborden&direction=next&oldid=984258#C:_Geslotenverklaring
streckenkundler (2022-12-10 16:07:41+00:00): Ist dieser Massenedit angekündigt/ disskutiert worden?
streckenkundler (2022-12-10 20:27:19+00:00): Siehe https://community.openstreetmap.org/t/massenedit-von-site-type-zu-archaeological-site-disskutiert-und-abgesprochen/6577
archpdx (2022-12-10 06:11:35+00:00): Hi and welcome to OpenStreetMap! Thanks for contributing your knowledge of the area. Please note, however, that we're not allowed to use Google Maps, Bing Maps, or other commercial maps as sources because of copyright (see https://wiki.osm.org/FAQ#Why_don't_you_just_use_Google_Maps/whoever_for_your_data?)

Also, multipolygons are only meant for either complex areas with holes inside, or a feature consisting of multiple disjoint areas (see https://wiki.osm.org/Relation:multipolygon). Some of the multipolygons you added in this changeset don't meet this criteria (ie https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/14986170). In this case, I would remove this relation and instead add a 'Pharmacy' point.

It's also important to know that the name tag should not be used to describe features in OSM (see https://wiki.osm.org/Names##Names_are_not_for_descriptions). For cases like (https://www.osm.org/relation/10408703) I would leave out the name as the tags (natural=wetland + wetland=saltmarsh) already indicate that this is a Salt Marsh, while in cases like (https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/1047327684) I would move this to the 'Description' tag. 

Another guideline we have in OSM is to not abbreviate road names (see https://wiki.osm.org/abbreviation). For example, in (https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/117805232), 'Hwy' should be unabbreviated to 'Highway'.

In the future, please use more meaningful changeset comments: 'Living in town pays off' does not help other mappers understand what you are doing. You can read more about what makes a good changeset comment here:
https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Good_changeset_comments

Thank you for taking the time to read through this. If you have any questions or need any help with the things I mentioned here, feel free to reply to this comment.

-archpdx
marczoutendijk (2022-12-11 10:29:13+00:00): Please note: Bing is allowed to use. 
https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Bing_Maps
archie (2022-12-09 08:50:32+00:00): Det där var nog inte alldeles lyckat. Både byggnaderna och vägarna/gatorna hade viss offset innan, men nu mera offset åt annat håll. Speciellt vägarna som låg någorlunda rätt har värre offset. Eller tar jag fel?
archie (2022-12-09 13:28:20+00:00): Syftet med kommentarfunktionen är att påpeka eventuella brister i respektive changeset eller lämna synpunkter på annat som t ex möjlig alternativ taggning el dyl. Gången i osm gemenskapen brukar vara att man svarar på framförda synpunkter eller åtminstone gör rättelser. 
Allt detta för att göra osm bättre. Vi är alla amatörer och gör fel. Därför är det värdefullt att få synpunkter från andra kartritare för att rätta eventuella brister i changeset och därmed bli bättre kartritare.
dafadllyn (2023-04-20 21:26:02+00:00): Ciao Aiman
La strada a senso unico "Via Giacomo Brentani" ha davvero cambiato direzione?
Cordiali saluti,
Raphael
archpdx (2022-12-10 06:22:23+00:00): Hi,

Please note that you've added road related tags to TCTD Route 2 bus route (https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/2149185). Please note that in OSM, we map roads and bus routes separately.
archpdx (2022-12-10 06:26:42+00:00): Also, most tags you added as 'no' for (https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/1120510595) are already implied, so there's no need to explicitly add these. For example, bicycle, foot, horse, and motor_vehicle tags are already implied by the access tag.
ivanbranco (2022-12-09 10:37:39+00:00): Hi Diogo,

could you please consider adding a source on your changesets, especially in cases of such big addictions (in this case "102 new shops")? Otherwise other users can't understand where this big amount of data pops out from.
pitscheplatsch (2022-12-09 13:02:25+00:00): Just a test?
archie (2022-12-09 09:11:57+00:00): Oh, vad är det för mening att flytta allt till fel läge? Vägarna låg rätt innan.
aleno150 (2022-12-09 09:49:09+00:00): Jag har jämfört mot de GPS spår som finns i området och det borde vara mer korrekt nu. Det finns inte så många satelitfoton men Maxar mot GPSspår i området har inte så stor offset. När du säger att vägarna låg rätt innan är det något annan källa än mot satelitbild som det datat kommer ifrån? Jag la även tid på att ansluta cykelbanor och stigar till mer korrekta anslutningar mot vägarna.
archie (2022-12-09 10:00:41+00:00): vad jag kan se "ligger" gps-spåren rätt. Det gör vägarna du flyttat inte.  Du har möjligtvis förväxlat gps-spåret på gc-vägen med gps-spåret för bilvägen. Det skulle kunna vara en förklaring.
archie (2022-12-09 10:07:51+00:00): Du gjorde samma sak - dvs flyttning från rätt läge till fel - i Göteborgs-trakten härom veckan/månad. Närmare bestämt Hills villastad. Där hade jag själv någon kort tid innan justerat vägarna; lägesmässigt, alltså, för att kort tid därefter upptäcka att allt (även byggnaderna) var förskjutet.
archie (2022-12-09 10:23:05+00:00): Den här gc-vägen (https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/407489582#map=17/59.75982/17.76931) har en offset om 5,34 meder i höjd med den här byggnaden (https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/775269415).
Såvitt jag kan se. Tar jag fel?
aleno150 (2022-12-09 10:26:06+00:00): Jag vet inte hur du hittar alla mina redigeringar så snabbt, om det är något skript etc eller om du konstant letar uppdateringar? Men ibland undrar jag om det bästa vore att släppa taget lite och tänka på att det är ett open source projekt där alla försöker bidra efter bästa förmåga?
archie (2022-12-09 10:33:19+00:00): Nu avviker du från vad som har påtalats som fel i just det här changeset. Lägesförskjutning från i stort set rätt till fel läge. Det är det som är föremålet för diskussionen här.
aleno150 (2022-12-09 10:47:14+00:00): Det här blir min slutreplik i den här diskussionen: jag har inte med någon mening flyttat vägarna till fel position. Om något inte stämmer får du gärna justera det är ett open source projekt men om du reverar försvinner ganska många andra justeringar också.
archie (2022-12-09 12:23:24+00:00): Nu när du genom mina påpekanden ovan har fått kännedom om bristen på din edit så brukar ansvarsfulla kartritare se till att rätta till sina fel. Så fungerar det i openstreetmap och det är därför kommentarfunktionen finns till. 
Jag får därför be dig om att rätta till de fel som du har gjort i denna cs.
Dodko (2022-12-09 11:20:56+00:00): Naozaj na rovnakom mieste majú byť 2×?
Hodilo by sa tam pridať názov a kontakt.
https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Cs:Tag:tourism%3Dapartment
t_ja (2022-12-09 16:05:03+00:00): Navyše adresa 676/1 je v susednej radovej zástavbe (juhovýchodným smerom). Teraz neviem, či POI presunúť nad správnu budovu, alebo je adresa zlá.
skyper (2022-12-11 14:43:05+00:00): Hey,
das hätte doch eher "revert https://www.openstreetmap.org/changeset/129308457" oder so ähnlich heißen sollen. Zumindest ein Hinweis auf den vorangegangenen CS wäre schön gewesen.

Insgesamt finde ich das sich andauernd wiederholende "change directions" bzw "deleted directions" sehr schwammig. Das sind "add oneway", "remove oneway", "add junction=roundabout", "add traffic island and split highway per direction" oder ähnliches schon sehr viel aussagekräftiger. Könnt Ihr das bitte in Zukunft beachten.

Danke und Grüße,
skyper
ramyazka (2022-12-12 09:21:38+00:00): Hi skyper, Thank you for proving your insights on the changeset. It was an honest mistake from my end. Your feedback is much valuable. Looking forward to learn more.
Regards,
ramyazka
skyper (2022-12-23 14:59:24+00:00): Hallo ramyazka,
leider hast Du zwar geantwortet, aber die Daten nicht geändert.
Das habe ich für Dich in https://www.openstreetmap.org/changeset/130424587 jetzt nachgeholt.

Weiterhin warte ich auf einen Link zur Beschreibung dieser Aufgabe im OSM-Wiki und auf eine Überprüfung plus gegebenenfalls einer ordentlichen Zurücksetzung aller Deiner fehlerhaften Änderungen dieser Aufgabe. Bis wann kann ich damit rechnen?

Grüße, eines enttäuschten skyper

P.S.: Wenn dies Deine Fähigkeiten überschreitet, kann ja gerne Dein Team zeitnah reagieren.
ramyazka (2022-12-28 03:49:10+00:00): Hi skyper, I had already deleted the directions in changeset 129891519. Thank you for reviewing my changeset and modifying the edit. We are working with our internal team to understand more on such scenarios.Thanks again for reporting the issue and giving us the feedback. Always happy to learn more from you
Regards,
ramyazka
user_11609320 (2022-12-09 09:04:09+00:00): Assessor map
parcel book 0646 page 31
parcel book 0647 page 02
parcel book 0647 page 03
parcel book 0647 page 01
daperson (2022-12-09 12:46:53+00:00): bro pls, segment your changeset into several smaller changesets
daperson (2022-12-09 12:47:04+00:00): on the next time
PixelDubs (2022-12-10 09:48:40+00:00): He is fixing an important bug on iD
tyr_asd (2022-12-10 15:43:07+00:00): Hey!

I'm sorry for the inconvenience, but there is just no "optimal" approach in such cases: on the one hand, I agree that one should avoid unnecessary global changesets, but in this case I wanted to group these changes together in a single changeset, because they do actually belong together: they all fix the same issue caused by an oversight in iD's tagging presets.

I hope you can understand my reasoning.

Happy mapping!
tyr_asd (2022-12-10 15:46:11+00:00): PS: btw, the mentioned oversight was also my own mistake of not catching the issue in the preset when it was added to iD in the first place. I'd apologize for that! In addition to cleaning up behind my own mess here, I've also [implemented a check](https://github.com/ideditor/schema-builder/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md#530) to make sure that such mistakes do not happen anymore in the future.
skquinn (2022-12-15 00:12:29+00:00): Normally I happily call out global changesets as unnecessary and an annoyance, however this is one case where I feel it is justified to make all the changes at once and to hell with how big the bounding box might be.
RVR015 (2022-12-16 02:20:28+00:00): Hi Kavithaptpm! Thank you for your OSM contributions. Way 1120516120 and 1054630233 are not closed and break relation 241509. I have some ideas on how to fix it, but I wanted to reach out to you first in case you have a preferred solution you would rather apply. Thank you!
lmagreault (2022-12-10 17:56:47+00:00): Merci pour votre première contribution.
Je suis passé devant ce marchand de fruits et légumes cet après-midi mais je n'ai vu qu'une maison de ville. Pas de vitrine ni d'enseigne. Rien indiquant que ce soit un local commercial (voir https://www.openstreetmap.org/note/3473144).
Ce commerce existe-t-il vraiment ou n'est-ce-qu'un projet, un siège social ou un lieu de vente ponctuel ?
            ---
            #REVIEWED_BAD #OSMCHA
            Published using OSMCha: https://osmcha.org/changesets/129892184
eggie (2022-12-09 09:45:49+00:00): Eigenlijk geen idee.

Bij 112 wordt je altijd verbonden met de dichtstbijzijnde centrale.
Dus die behoeft geen landcode lijkt mij.
0900  Geen idee.
https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Key:phone
Vraagje anders voor het forum.

MVG
eggie.
user_11609320 (2022-12-09 09:25:38+00:00): Assessor's map
parcel book 0646 page 29
parcel book 0646 page 27
eggie (2022-12-09 10:11:36+00:00): Welkom bij OpenStreetMap. Ik heb een uitgebreid welkomstbericht met wat handige tips en links gestuurd als privebericht. 

Feedback...  Maar als je bij een bedrijf het adres aanpast schiet niet het object naar de andere kant van Veenendaal.
Je zult dus het oude adres intact moeten laten.. de bedrijfsinfo verwijderen en die kopieren of opnieuw toevoegen op de adresnode aan de Corridor 60.

MVG, 

Eggie 

Namens de OSM Community
eggie (2022-12-09 10:27:52+00:00): Cafeinfo samengevoegd met adresnode Corridor 60... tenminste waar vplgend het Kadaster nr 60 huist.
Je kunt die node gewoon verplaatsen, want die heeft nu de juiste adresinfo.
https://bagviewer.kadaster.nl/lvbag/bag-viewer/index.html#?searchQuery=corridor%2060&resultOffset=0&objectId=0345200002090859&geometry.x=166656.818&geometry.y=448456.8&zoomlevel=6&detailsObjectId=0345010002090860
Groet
eggie
eggie (2022-12-09 10:28:40+00:00): Mijn edit
https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/9062133812
eggie (2022-12-09 09:53:03+00:00): Hier heb ik even moped en mofa use_sidepath aangepast + accesstagging fietspad waar het fietspad apart gaat lopen.
Die note (regel) kan denk ik wel weg.
De symbool staat overigens voor alle landbouwverkeer.. niet alleen trekkers. 

Groet
eggie
NorthCrab (2022-12-15 13:12:48+00:00): Czemu usunąłeś ten parking? Lokalizacja była okej, tylko tagi trzeba było lekko zmienić. Pozdrawiam!
Sarogun351 (2022-12-09 09:47:48+00:00): Niechcący automaycznie mi wpisało z parkingiem, którego nawet nie dodałem.
Mateusz Konieczny (2022-12-19 12:50:40+00:00): Have you actyally looked at this tags? What is mispelled here?

Can you stop removing rarely used tags without neither consulting original mapper nor replacing them - with highly misleading edit descriptions? You did it again.

Please restore them.
Mateusz Konieczny (2022-12-19 12:53:31+00:00): Please also read https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/ATYL and review all your similar edits and restore other tags removed with false and misleading descriptions.

I remember that you did it before in https://www.openstreetmap.org/changeset/110106635 and https://www.openstreetmap.org/changeset/58295618

Presumably you are damaging and destroying other edits that used rarely used tags
mueschel (2022-12-19 13:18:34+00:00): Hi,
"male_haircur" is definitely a spelling mistake which needs to be fixed.
A proper currency code is missing as well. 

The question about how to tag prices of services pops up every now and then on the diverse discussion channels. The answer always is an unambiguous "we don't want this kind of information in OSM". So I decided to follow this advice and not fix the spelling.
NorthCrab (2022-12-19 14:17:33+00:00): The following ones don't have any misspellings (and they do have a currency), yet, you removed tags from them:
https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/9248039728/history
https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/8948497378/history
Mateusz Konieczny (2022-12-19 14:17:39+00:00): > "male_haircur" is definitely a spelling mistake which needs to be fixed. 

Then why you deleted this tags instead of fixing them or letting me know that I had a typo?

> So I decided to follow this advice and not fix the spelling.

Then please mention that as a reason - not a mispelling
NorthCrab (2022-12-19 14:20:09+00:00): It feels like you put a blind eye on the majority of your changeset (2/3) just to make your point.
mueschel (2022-12-21 10:48:43+00:00): All tags I removed were not correct. 
Please check the Wiki, "zł" is not a valid currency code.
NorthCrab (2022-12-21 12:27:09+00:00): Okay, that's correct.
archpdx (2022-12-10 07:16:35+00:00): Hi,
Please note for (https://osm.org/way/1120521571) that the architect tag is used for the architect (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architect) of the building.
Supaplex (2022-12-25 10:14:50+00:00): 應該是猶未建設謼？
zzcolin (2022-12-25 10:33:41+00:00): Zeehan Lin 你好，按照 OSM 的「实地求是」原则，尚未实际动工的工程项目不应标示。这里无关立场原则的事情，只是 G3 高速公路究竟以怎样的线路和形式越过台海，目前都并未确定，大陆的官方地图也不会标示。
Userinexile (2022-12-29 00:31:04+00:00): 感谢各位评论。此处参考了百度地图中有关台海大桥的显示（搜索框搜索台海大桥），百度地图中已有详细路线，已规划但未动工。再次感谢。
Allison P (2023-01-30 19:38:02+00:00): I don't think most of these roads should be on the map. They may have existed in the past, but are now abandoned. The parcels and streets were never vacated, so they might still exist in a legal sense, but most of these roads can't be driven on, have no addresses assigned off them, and have no signs on the ground. As far as I can tell, only Main Street, a single block of 7th Street, and Old Parker Road are still signed. This is common in many abandoned/disincorporated towns. You likely know the area better than I, so I may have misjudged, but I have mapped similar situations before from my armchair and through on-the-ground survey. Let me know your thoughts.

I would generally say that while parcel maps are perhaps the best source for verifying the shape and name of a road, when dated they don't always reflect reality. These townsites aren't vacated because it requires action on the part of the landowners and there is no point in spending time and money filing paperwork to vacate parcels that aren't worth money to begin with. As for the streets, these require the consent of landowners to be vacated, and again there is no point because you're just spending time to abolish a pointless legal reality. Without a vacation, the parcels and streets will remain in the assessor's listings.
Allison P (2023-01-30 19:43:14+00:00): Here's an example: take Trout Creek, Montana (https://www.google.com/maps/@47.8479174,-115.6253139,18z). If you look at Google Maps, you see these parcels laid out in a grid, but no matching streets. There was a public hearing to vacate this plat just three days ago: https://co.sanders.mt.us/notice-of-public-hearing-townsite-of-trout-creek/

It is immediately clear that no streets have existed here for decades and the town itself is completely abandoned, but they are necessarily still listed in the county's street database because they still legally exist. To stay in accordance with OSM's rules about mapping what's on the ground, these roads would not be mapped even before the plat vacation. The case here isn't much different.
Allison P (2023-01-30 19:46:08+00:00): Here's another example (coincidentally also in Montana): https://www.google.com/maps/@48.5590927,-112.1249976,18z

https://toolecountymt.gov/pdf/commissioners_minutes/2020/10_29_2020_Commissioner_Minutes.pdf

In short, a road can disappear in a physical sense without ever being reflected in legal documents.
user_11609320 (2023-01-31 00:38:43+00:00): Vidal is weird to be honest, the few homes that are in vidal, look abandoned, but people live there. had power too. there is about dozen folks. two of them came out to ask me what i was doing while i was exploring the town this week. a couple of the roads were recently plowed. This is why i am confused what to do. 

I was also looking at all the parcel information in vidal and only about 1/4th of them are in the process of being auctioned off. the rest are either late or on time.
Allison P (2023-01-31 02:08:54+00:00): The answer is that only a few parcels are still occupied, and the roads to them are still maintained. This is often the case with these abandoned townsites.

Here's how I mapped a similar situation: https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/150938505 (see surrounding area)
damianeue (2022-12-09 10:27:10+00:00): Also fixed geometry of some parts of Via Colonnetta
SekeRob (2022-12-09 13:50:17+00:00): Hi, could you please select the actual sat imagery as listed in the table as 'aerial_imagery' is zero informative. You can also select automatic in JOSM, but that one will than include all imagery layers loaded, which are always 4 in my setup. The JOSM programmers on my request were not receptive to tracing the actual imagery utilised like ID does. Set a node with ESRI, that one gets listed, set another node in Clarity, get that one listed too. Reasonably useless as mapper feedback. I'd like to know which, and from a Italy chapter discussion it's significant to know so that changes and additions can be made with the same image offset, which as JOSM warns is a Clarity problem, and to some extend to Bing as well.

MGIA