[Schema (values) (types)]: | formula_1 |  circuits : circuitid (text) , circuitref (number) , name (text) , location (text) , country (text) , lat (text) , lng (number) , alt (number) , url (number) | races : raceid (text) , year (number) , round (text) , circuitid (text) , name (text) , date (text) , time (number) , url (number) | drivers : driverid (text) , driverref (number) , number (text) , code (text) , forename (text) , surname (text) , dob (number) , nationality (number) , url (number) | status : statusid (text) , status (number) | seasons : year (text) , url (number) | constructors : constructorid (text) , constructorref (number) , name (text) , nationality (text) , url (text) | constructorStandings : constructorstandingsid (text) , raceid (number) , constructorid (text) , points (text) , position (text) , positiontext (text) , wins (number) | results : resultid (text) , raceid (number) , driverid (text) , constructorid (text) , number (text) , grid (text) , position (number) , positiontext (number) , positionorder (number) , points (text) , laps (number) , time (number) , milliseconds (number) , fastestlap (number) , rank (text) , fastestlaptime (text) , fastestlapspeed (text) , statusid (text) | driverStandings : driverstandingsid (text) , raceid (number) , driverid (text) , points (text) , position (text) , positiontext (text) , wins (number) | constructorResults : constructorresultsid (text) , raceid (number) , constructorid (text) , points (text) , status (text) | qualifying : qualifyid (text) , raceid (number) , driverid (text) , constructorid (text) , number (text) , position (text) , q1 (number) , q2 (number) , q3 (number) | pitStops : raceid (text) , driverid (number) , stop (text) , lap (text) , time (text) , duration (text) , milliseconds (number) | lapTimes : raceid (text) , driverid (number) , lap (text) , position (text) , time (text) , milliseconds (text);
[Primary Keys]: circuits : circuitid, races : raceid, drivers : driverid, status : statusid, seasons : year, constructors : constructorid, constructorstandings : constructorstandingsid, results : resultid, driverstandings : driverstandingsid, constructorresults : constructorresultsid, qualifying : qualifyid, pitstops : raceid, laptimes : raceid
[Foreign Keys]: races : circuitid = circuits : circuitid | constructorstandings : raceid = races : raceid | constructorstandings : constructorid = constructors : constructorid | results : driverid = drivers : driverid | results : raceid = races : raceid | results : constructorid = constructors : constructorid | driverstandings : driverid = drivers : driverid | driverstandings : raceid = races : raceid | constructorresults : raceid = races : raceid | constructorresults : constructorid = constructors : constructorid | qualifying : driverid = drivers : driverid | qualifying : raceid = races : raceid | qualifying : constructorid = constructors : constructorid | pitstops : driverid = drivers : driverid | pitstops : raceid = races : raceid | laptimes : driverid = drivers : driverid | laptimes : raceid = races : raceid

Question: What is the name of the race held most recently?
SQL: SELECT name FROM races ORDER BY date DESC LIMIT 1

Question: What is the name of the race that occurred most recently?
SQL: SELECT name FROM races ORDER BY date DESC LIMIT 1

Question: What is the name and date of the most recent race?
SQL: SELECT name ,  date FROM races ORDER BY date DESC LIMIT 1

Question: What is the name and date of the race that occurred most recently?
SQL: SELECT name ,  date FROM races ORDER BY date DESC LIMIT 1

Question: Find the names of all races held in 2017.
SQL: SELECT name FROM races WHERE YEAR = 2017

Question: What are the names of all the races that occurred in the year 2017?
SQL: SELECT name FROM races WHERE YEAR = 2017

Question: Find the distinct names of all races held between 2014 and 2017?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT name FROM races WHERE YEAR BETWEEN 2014 AND 2017

Question: What are the unique names of all race held between 2014 and 2017?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT name FROM races WHERE YEAR BETWEEN 2014 AND 2017

Question: List the forename and surname of all distinct drivers who once had laptime less than 93000 milliseconds?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT T1.forename ,  T1.surname FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN laptimes AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid WHERE T2.milliseconds < 93000

Question: What are the forenames and surnames of all unique drivers who had a lap time of less than 93000 milliseconds?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT T1.forename ,  T1.surname FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN laptimes AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid WHERE T2.milliseconds < 93000

Question: Find all the distinct id and nationality of drivers who have had laptime more than 100000 milliseconds?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT T1.driverid ,  T1.nationality FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN laptimes AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid WHERE T2.milliseconds >  100000

Question: What are the different driver ids and nationalities of all drivers who had a laptime of more than 100000 milliseconds?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT T1.driverid ,  T1.nationality FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN laptimes AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid WHERE T2.milliseconds >  100000

Question: What are the forename and surname of the driver who has the smallest laptime?
SQL: SELECT T1.forename ,  T1.surname FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN laptimes AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid ORDER BY T2.milliseconds LIMIT 1

Question: What is the forename and surname of the driver with the shortest laptime?
SQL: SELECT T1.forename ,  T1.surname FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN laptimes AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid ORDER BY T2.milliseconds LIMIT 1

Question: What is the id and family name of the driver who has the longest laptime?
SQL: SELECT T1.driverid ,  T1.surname FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN laptimes AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid ORDER BY T2.milliseconds DESC LIMIT 1

Question: What is the id and last name of the driver with the longest laptime?
SQL: SELECT T1.driverid ,  T1.surname FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN laptimes AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid ORDER BY T2.milliseconds DESC LIMIT 1

Question: What is the id, forname and surname of the driver who had the first position in terms of laptime at least twice?
SQL: SELECT T1.driverid ,  T1.forename ,  T1.surname FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN laptimes AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid WHERE POSITION  =  '1' GROUP BY T1.driverid HAVING count(*)  >=  2

Question: What is the id, first name, and last name of the driver who was in the first position for laptime at least twice?
SQL: SELECT T1.driverid ,  T1.forename ,  T1.surname FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN laptimes AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid WHERE POSITION  =  '1' GROUP BY T1.driverid HAVING count(*)  >=  2

Question: How many drivers participated in the race Australian Grand Prix held in 2009?
SQL: SELECT count(*) FROM results AS T1 JOIN races AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid WHERE T2.name = "Australian Grand Prix" AND YEAR = 2009

Question: How many drivers were in the Australian Grand Prix held in 2009?
SQL: SELECT count(*) FROM results AS T1 JOIN races AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid WHERE T2.name = "Australian Grand Prix" AND YEAR = 2009

Question: How many drivers did not participate in the races held in 2009?
SQL: SELECT count(DISTINCT driverId) FROM results WHERE raceId NOT IN( SELECT raceId FROM races WHERE YEAR != 2009 )

Question: How many drivers did not race in 2009?
SQL: SELECT count(DISTINCT driverId) FROM results WHERE raceId NOT IN( SELECT raceId FROM races WHERE YEAR != 2009 )

Question: Give me a list of names and years of races that had any driver whose forename is Lewis?
SQL: SELECT T2.name ,  T2.year FROM results AS T1 JOIN races AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid JOIN drivers AS T3 ON T1.driverid = T3.driverid WHERE T3.forename = "Lewis"

Question: What are the names and years of all races that had a driver with the last name Lewis?
SQL: SELECT T2.name ,  T2.year FROM results AS T1 JOIN races AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid JOIN drivers AS T3 ON T1.driverid = T3.driverid WHERE T3.forename = "Lewis"

Question: Find the forename and surname of drivers whose nationality is German?
SQL: SELECT forename ,  surname FROM drivers WHERE nationality = "German"

Question: What is the first and last name of all the German drivers?
SQL: SELECT forename ,  surname FROM drivers WHERE nationality = "German"

Question: Find the id and forenames of drivers who participated both the races with name Australian Grand Prix and the races with name Chinese Grand Prix?
SQL: SELECT T2.driverid ,  T3.forename FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid JOIN drivers AS T3 ON T2.driverid  =  T3.driverid WHERE T1.name = "Australian Grand Prix" INTERSECT SELECT T2.driverid ,  T3.forename FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid JOIN drivers AS T3 ON T2.driverid  =  T3.driverid WHERE T1.name = "Chinese Grand Prix"

Question: What is the id and first name of all the drivers who participated in the Australian Grand Prix and the Chinese Grand Prix?
SQL: SELECT T2.driverid ,  T3.forename FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid JOIN drivers AS T3 ON T2.driverid  =  T3.driverid WHERE T1.name = "Australian Grand Prix" INTERSECT SELECT T2.driverid ,  T3.forename FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid JOIN drivers AS T3 ON T2.driverid  =  T3.driverid WHERE T1.name = "Chinese Grand Prix"

Question: What are the forenames and surnames of drivers who participated in the races named Australian Grand Prix but not the races named Chinese Grand Prix?
SQL: SELECT T3.forename ,  T3.surname FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid JOIN drivers AS T3 ON T2.driverid = T3.driverid WHERE T1.name = "Australian Grand Prix" EXCEPT SELECT T3.forename ,  T3.surname FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid JOIN drivers AS T3 ON T2.driverid = T3.driverid WHERE T1.name = "Chinese Grand Prix"

Question: What are the first and last names of all drivers who participated in the Australian Grand Prix but not the Chinese Grand Prix?
SQL: SELECT T3.forename ,  T3.surname FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid JOIN drivers AS T3 ON T2.driverid = T3.driverid WHERE T1.name = "Australian Grand Prix" EXCEPT SELECT T3.forename ,  T3.surname FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid JOIN drivers AS T3 ON T2.driverid = T3.driverid WHERE T1.name = "Chinese Grand Prix"

Question: Find all the forenames of distinct drivers who was in position 1 as standing and won?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT T1.forename FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN driverstandings AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid WHERE T2.position = 1 AND T2.wins = 1

Question: What are all the different first names of the drivers who are in position as standing and won?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT T1.forename FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN driverstandings AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid WHERE T2.position = 1 AND T2.wins = 1

Question: Find all the forenames of distinct drivers who won in position 1 as driver standing and had more than 20 points?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT T1.forename FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN driverstandings AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid WHERE T2.position = 1 AND T2.wins = 1 AND T2.points > 20

Question: What are the first names of the different drivers who won in position 1 as driver standing and had more than 20 points?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT T1.forename FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN driverstandings AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid WHERE T2.position = 1 AND T2.wins = 1 AND T2.points > 20

Question: What are the numbers of constructors for different nationalities?
SQL: SELECT count(*) ,  nationality FROM constructors GROUP BY nationality

Question: For each nationality, how many different constructors are there?
SQL: SELECT count(*) ,  nationality FROM constructors GROUP BY nationality

Question: What are the numbers of races for each constructor id?
SQL: SELECT count(*) ,  constructorid FROM constructorStandings GROUP BY constructorid

Question: For each constructor id, how many races are there?
SQL: SELECT count(*) ,  constructorid FROM constructorStandings GROUP BY constructorid

Question: What are the names of races that were held after 2017 and the circuits were in the country of Spain?
SQL: SELECT T1.name FROM races AS T1 JOIN circuits AS T2 ON T1.circuitid = T2.circuitid WHERE T2.country = "Spain" AND T1.year > 2017

Question: What are the names of the races held after 2017 in Spain?
SQL: SELECT T1.name FROM races AS T1 JOIN circuits AS T2 ON T1.circuitid = T2.circuitid WHERE T2.country = "Spain" AND T1.year > 2017

Question: What are the unique names of races that held after 2000 and the circuits were in Spain?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT T1.name FROM races AS T1 JOIN circuits AS T2 ON T1.circuitid = T2.circuitid WHERE T2.country = "Spain" AND T1.year > 2000

Question: What are the names of all races held after 2000 in Spain?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT T1.name FROM races AS T1 JOIN circuits AS T2 ON T1.circuitid = T2.circuitid WHERE T2.country = "Spain" AND T1.year > 2000

Question: Find the distinct driver id and the stop number of all drivers that have a shorter pit stop duration than some drivers in the race with id 841.
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT driverid ,  STOP FROM pitstops WHERE duration  <  (SELECT max(duration) FROM pitstops WHERE raceid  =  841)

Question: What is the id and stop number for each driver that has a shorter pit stop than the driver in the race with id 841?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT driverid ,  STOP FROM pitstops WHERE duration  <  (SELECT max(duration) FROM pitstops WHERE raceid  =  841)

Question: Find the distinct driver id of all drivers that have a longer stop duration than some drivers in the race whose id is 841?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT driverid ,  STOP FROM pitstops WHERE duration  >  (SELECT min(duration) FROM pitstops WHERE raceid  =  841)

Question: What are the different ids and stop durations of all the drivers whose stop lasted longer than the driver in the race with the id 841?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT driverid ,  STOP FROM pitstops WHERE duration  >  (SELECT min(duration) FROM pitstops WHERE raceid  =  841)

Question: List the forenames of all distinct drivers in alphabetical order?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT forename FROM drivers ORDER BY forename ASC

Question: What are the first names of all the different drivers in alphabetical order?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT forename FROM drivers ORDER BY forename ASC

Question: List the names of all distinct races in reversed  lexicographic order?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT name FROM races ORDER BY name DESC

Question: What are the different names of all the races in reverse alphabetical order?
SQL: SELECT DISTINCT name FROM races ORDER BY name DESC

Question: What are the names of races held between 2009 and 2011?
SQL: SELECT name FROM races WHERE YEAR BETWEEN 2009 AND 2011

Question: What are the names of all races held between 2009 and 2011?
SQL: SELECT name FROM races WHERE YEAR BETWEEN 2009 AND 2011

Question: What are the names of races held after 12:00:00 or before 09:00:00?
SQL: SELECT name FROM races WHERE TIME > "12:00:00" OR TIME < "09:00:00"

Question: What are the names of all races that occurred after 12:00:00 or before 09:00:00?
SQL: SELECT name FROM races WHERE TIME > "12:00:00" OR TIME < "09:00:00"

Question: What are the drivers' first, last names and id who had more than 8 pit stops or participated in more than 5 race results?
SQL: SELECT T1.forename ,  T1.surname ,  T1.driverid FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN pitstops AS T2 ON T1.driverid  =  T2.driverid GROUP BY T1.driverid HAVING count(*)  >  8 UNION SELECT T1.forename ,  T1.surname ,  T1.driverid FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.driverid  =  T2.driverid GROUP BY T1.driverid HAVING count(*)  >  5

Question: What are the drivers' first names,last names, and ids for all those that had more than 8 stops or participated in more than 5 races?
SQL: SELECT T1.forename ,  T1.surname ,  T1.driverid FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN pitstops AS T2 ON T1.driverid  =  T2.driverid GROUP BY T1.driverid HAVING count(*)  >  8 UNION SELECT T1.forename ,  T1.surname ,  T1.driverid FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.driverid  =  T2.driverid GROUP BY T1.driverid HAVING count(*)  >  5

Question: What are the drivers' last names and id who had 11 pit stops and participated in more than 5 race results?
SQL: SELECT T1.surname ,  T1.driverid FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN pitstops AS T2 ON T1.driverid  =  T2.driverid GROUP BY T1.driverid HAVING count(*)  =  11 INTERSECT SELECT T1.surname ,  T1.driverid FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.driverid  =  T2.driverid GROUP BY T1.driverid HAVING count(*)  >  5

Question: What are the last names and ids of all drivers who had 11 pit stops and participated in more than 5 races?
SQL: SELECT T1.surname ,  T1.driverid FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN pitstops AS T2 ON T1.driverid  =  T2.driverid GROUP BY T1.driverid HAVING count(*)  =  11 INTERSECT SELECT T1.surname ,  T1.driverid FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.driverid  =  T2.driverid GROUP BY T1.driverid HAVING count(*)  >  5

Question: What is the id and last name of the driver who participated in the most races after 2010?
SQL: SELECT T1.driverid ,  T1.surname FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.driverid  =  T2.driverid JOIN races AS T3 ON T2.raceid = T3.raceid WHERE T3.year > 2010 GROUP BY T1.driverid ORDER BY count(*) DESC LIMIT 1

Question: What is the id and last name of the driver who participated in the most races after 2010?
SQL: SELECT T1.driverid ,  T1.surname FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.driverid  =  T2.driverid JOIN races AS T3 ON T2.raceid = T3.raceid WHERE T3.year > 2010 GROUP BY T1.driverid ORDER BY count(*) DESC LIMIT 1

Question: What are the names of circuits that belong to UK or Malaysia?
SQL: SELECT name FROM circuits WHERE country = "UK" OR country = "Malaysia"

Question: What are the names of all the circuits that are in the UK or Malaysia?
SQL: SELECT name FROM circuits WHERE country = "UK" OR country = "Malaysia"

Question: Find the id and location of circuits that belong to France or Belgium?
SQL: SELECT circuitid ,  LOCATION FROM circuits WHERE country = "France" OR country = "Belgium"

Question: What are the ids and locations of all circuits in France or Belgium?
SQL: SELECT circuitid ,  LOCATION FROM circuits WHERE country = "France" OR country = "Belgium"

Question: Find the names of Japanese constructors that have once earned more than 5 points?
SQL: SELECT T1.name FROM constructors AS T1 JOIN constructorstandings AS T2 ON T1.constructorid = T2.constructorid WHERE T1.nationality = "Japanese" AND T2.points > 5

Question: What are the names of all the Japanese constructors that have earned more than 5 points?
SQL: SELECT T1.name FROM constructors AS T1 JOIN constructorstandings AS T2 ON T1.constructorid = T2.constructorid WHERE T1.nationality = "Japanese" AND T2.points > 5

Question: What is the average fastest lap speed in race named 'Monaco Grand Prix' in 2008 ?
SQL: SELECT avg(T2.fastestlapspeed) FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid WHERE T1.year = 2008 AND T1.name = "Monaco Grand Prix"

Question: What is the average fastest lap speed for the Monaco Grand Prix in 2008?
SQL: SELECT avg(T2.fastestlapspeed) FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid WHERE T1.year = 2008 AND T1.name = "Monaco Grand Prix"

Question: What is the maximum fastest lap speed in race named 'Monaco Grand Prix' in 2008 ?
SQL: SELECT max(T2.fastestlapspeed) FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid WHERE T1.year = 2008 AND T1.name = "Monaco Grand Prix"

Question: What is the maximum fastest lap speed in the Monaco Grand Prix in 2008?
SQL: SELECT max(T2.fastestlapspeed) FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid WHERE T1.year = 2008 AND T1.name = "Monaco Grand Prix"

Question: What are the maximum fastest lap speed in races held after 2004 grouped by race name and ordered by year?
SQL: SELECT max(T2.fastestlapspeed) ,  T1.name ,  T1.year FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid WHERE T1.year > 2014 GROUP BY T1.name ORDER BY T1.year

Question: For each race name, What is the maximum fastest lap speed for races after 2004 ordered by year?
SQL: SELECT max(T2.fastestlapspeed) ,  T1.name ,  T1.year FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid WHERE T1.year > 2014 GROUP BY T1.name ORDER BY T1.year

Question: What are the average fastest lap speed in races held after 2004 grouped by race name and ordered by year?
SQL: SELECT avg(T2.fastestlapspeed) ,  T1.name ,  T1.year FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid WHERE T1.year > 2014 GROUP BY T1.name ORDER BY T1.year

Question: What is the average fastest lap speed for races held after 2004, for each race, ordered by year?
SQL: SELECT avg(T2.fastestlapspeed) ,  T1.name ,  T1.year FROM races AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.raceid = T2.raceid WHERE T1.year > 2014 GROUP BY T1.name ORDER BY T1.year

Question: Find the id, forename and number of races of all drivers who have at least participated in two races?
SQL: SELECT T1.driverid ,  T1.forename ,  count(*) FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid JOIN races AS T3 ON T2.raceid = T3.raceid GROUP BY T1.driverid HAVING count(*)  >=  2

Question: What is the id, forename, and number of races for all drivers that have participated in at least 2 races?
SQL: SELECT T1.driverid ,  T1.forename ,  count(*) FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid JOIN races AS T3 ON T2.raceid = T3.raceid GROUP BY T1.driverid HAVING count(*)  >=  2

Question: Find the driver id and number of races of all drivers who have at most participated in 30 races?
SQL: SELECT T1.driverid ,  count(*) FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid JOIN races AS T3 ON T2.raceid = T3.raceid GROUP BY T1.driverid HAVING count(*)  <=  30

Question: For each id of a driver who participated in at most 30 races, how many races did they participate in?
SQL: SELECT T1.driverid ,  count(*) FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid JOIN races AS T3 ON T2.raceid = T3.raceid GROUP BY T1.driverid HAVING count(*)  <=  30

Question: Find the id and surname of the driver who participated the most number of races?
SQL: SELECT T1.driverid ,  T1.surname FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid JOIN races AS T3 ON T2.raceid = T3.raceid GROUP BY T1.driverid ORDER BY count(*) DESC LIMIT 1

Question: What are the ids and last names of all drivers who participated in the most races?
SQL: SELECT T1.driverid ,  T1.surname FROM drivers AS T1 JOIN results AS T2 ON T1.driverid = T2.driverid JOIN races AS T3 ON T2.raceid = T3.raceid GROUP BY T1.driverid ORDER BY count(*) DESC LIMIT 1