An Act To Enhance the Administration of the Maine Human Rights Act
Maine Legislature, Session 129, LD 1702
Committee: Judiciary
Sponsors: BAILEY
Amends: 5 MRSA §4554, 5 MRSA §4566, 5 MRSA §4612, 5 MRSA §4614, 5 MRSA §4622

Legislative Document
No. 1702
H.P. 1217
House of Representatives, May 8, 2019
An Act To Enhance the Administration of the Maine Human Rights 
Act
Submitted by the Maine Human Rights Commission pursuant to Joint Rule 204.
Reference to the Committee on Judiciary suggested and ordered printed.
ROBERT B. HUNT
Clerk
Presented by Representative BAILEY of Saco.
Be it enacted by the People of the State of Maine as follows:
Sec. 1.  5 MRSA §4554, sub-§§5 and 6 are enacted to read:
5.  Act to be construed broadly.  This Act must be construed to provide broad 
protection from discrimination; where the Act differs from federal antidiscrimination law, 
the Act may not be construed to provide less coverage than the federal law.  Any 
exceptions and defenses to the Act's coverage must be construed narrowly.
6.  Commission interpretation and rules.  The commission's interpretation of the 
Act is entitled to deference in a court of law and must be upheld unless it is plainly 
contrary to the language of the Act.
Sec. 2.  5 MRSA §4566, sub-§3, as amended by PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §36, is 
further amended to read:
3.  Personnel.  To appoint a full-time executive secretary director and counsel to the 
commission, not subject to the Civil Service Law, and determine their remuneration; and 
to appoint, subject to the Civil Service Law, other personnel including, but not limited to, 
investigators, attorneys, compliance personnel and secretaries, as it shall deem necessary 
to effectuate the purposes of this Act;.  The executive director has authority to appoint or 
hire additional personnel, subject to the Civil Service Law, as the executive director 
considers necessary to effectuate the purposes of this Act.
Sec. 3.  5 MRSA §4566, sub-§4, as enacted by PL 1971, c. 501, §1, is amended to 
read:
4.  Hearings. To hold hearings, to administer oaths and to take the testimony of any 
person under oath. There shall be is no executive privilege in such investigations and 
hearings, but law enforcement officers, prosecution officers and judges of this State and 
of the United States shall be are privileged from compulsory testimony or production of 
documents before the commission. Such hearings and testimony may relate to general 
investigations concerning the effectiveness of this Act and the existence of practices of 
discrimination not prohibited by it, as well as to investigations of other alleged 
infringements upon human rights and personal dignity. The commission may make rules 
as to the administration of oaths, and the holding of preliminary and general 
investigations by panels of commissioners and by the executive secretary director; 
Sec. 4.  5 MRSA §4566, sub-§6, as amended by PL 2005, c. 10, §7, is further 
amended to read:
6.  Advisory groups.  To create local or statewide advisory agencies and conciliation 
councils to aid in effectuating the purposes of this Act.  The commission may study or 
may empower these agencies and councils to study the problems of discrimination in all 
or specific fields of human relationships when based on race or color, sex, sexual 
orientation, physical or mental disability, religion, age, ancestry or national origin 
protected class characteristics, membership or status, and foster good will among the 
groups and elements of the population of the State.  Agencies and councils may make 
recommendations to the commission for the development of policies and procedures.  
Advisory agencies and conciliation councils created by the commission must be 
composed of representative citizens serving without pay, but with reimbursement for 
actual and necessary traveling expenses;
Sec. 5.  5 MRSA §4566, sub-§10, as amended by PL 2005, c. 10, §8, is further 
amended to read:
10.  Publications.  To publish results of investigations and research to promote good 
will and minimize or eliminate discrimination based on race or color, sex, sexual 
orientation, physical or mental disability, religion, age, ancestry or national origin 
protected class characteristics, membership or status;
Sec. 6.  5 MRSA §4566, sub-§11, as amended by PL 2005, c. 10, §9, is further 
amended to read:
11.  Reports.  To report to the Legislature and the Governor at least once a year 
describing the investigations, proceedings and hearings the commission has conducted 
and the outcome and other work performed by the commission, and to make 
recommendations for further legislation or executive action concerning abuses and 
discrimination based on race or color, sex, sexual orientation, physical or mental 
disability, religion, age, ancestry or national origin protected class characteristics, 
membership or status, or other infringements on human rights or personal dignity; and
Sec. 7.  5 MRSA §4612, as amended by PL 2011, c. 613, §§19 and 20 and affected 
by §29, is further amended to read:
§4612.  Procedure on complaints
1.  Predetermination resolution; investigation. Upon receipt of such a complaint, 
the commission or its delegated single commissioner or investigator shall take the 
following actions. 
A.  The commission or its delegated single commissioner or investigator shall 
provide an opportunity for the complainant and respondent to resolve the matter by 
settlement agreement prior to a determination of whether there are reasonable 
grounds to believe that unlawful discrimination has occurred. Evidence of conduct or 
statements made in compromise settlement negotiations, offers of settlement and any 
final agreement are confidential and may not be disclosed without the written consent 
of the parties to the proceeding nor used as evidence in any subsequent proceeding, 
civil or criminal, except in a civil action alleging a breach of agreement filed by the 
commission or a party.  Notwithstanding this paragraph, the commission and its 
employees have discretion to disclose such information to a party as is reasonably 
necessary to facilitate settlement.  The commission may adopt rules providing for a 
3rd-party neutral mediation program.  The rules may permit one or more parties to a 
proceeding to agree to pay the costs of mediation.  The commission may receive 
funds from any source for the purposes of implementing a 3rd-party neutral 
mediation program, and such funds are not subject to any statewide cost allocation 
plan.
B.  The commission or its delegated commissioner or investigator shall conduct such 
preliminary investigation as it determines necessary to determine whether there are 
reasonable grounds to believe that unlawful discrimination has occurred. In 
conducting an investigation, the commission, or its designated representative, must 
have access at all reasonable times to premises, records, documents, individuals and 
other evidence or possible sources of evidence and may examine, record and copy 
those materials and take and record the testimony or statements of such persons as are 
reasonably necessary for the furtherance of the investigation. The commission may 
issue subpoenas to compel access to or production of those materials or the 
appearance of those persons, subject to section 4566, subsections 4-A and 4-B, and 
may serve interrogatories on a respondent to the same extent as interrogatories served 
in aid of a civil action in the Superior Court. The commission may administer oaths. 
The complaint and evidence collected during the investigation of the complaint, other 
than data identifying persons not parties to the complaint and other information 
designated as confidential in subsection 1-A, is a matter of public record at the 
conclusion of the investigation of the complaint prior to a determination by the 
commission.  An investigation is concluded upon issuance of a letter of dismissal or 
upon listing of the complaint on a published commission meeting agenda, whichever 
first occurs.  Prior to the conclusion of an investigation, all information possessed by 
the commission relating to the investigation is confidential and may not be disclosed, 
except that the commission and its employees have discretion to disclose such 
information as is reasonably necessary to further the investigation.  Notwithstanding 
any other provision of this section, the complaint and evidence collected during the 
investigation of the complaint may be used as evidence in any subsequent 
proceeding, civil or criminal.  The commission must conclude an investigation under 
this paragraph within 2 years after the complaint is filed with the commission.
1-A.  Confidential documents.  The following information collected during the 
investigation of a complaint pursuant to this section is confidential and may not be 
disclosed except to the parties to a complaint, the commission and its federal partner 
agencies or in a subsequent civil or criminal legal action:
A.  Medical, counseling, psychiatric and other confidential health records;
B.  Social security numbers;
C.  Evidence of conduct or statements made in compromise settlement negotiations, 
offers of settlement and final agreements made prior to the conclusion of the 
investigative process;
D.  Names of minor children;
E.  Any information the commission is required to keep confidential pursuant to 
work-sharing agreements with the United States Equal Employment Opportunity 
Commission, the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development or 
any other federal partner agencies;
F.  Criminal history record information that is not otherwise made public by law;
G.  Personnel records and personal information that has been made confidential by 
law;
H.  Notes made by the investigator for the investigator's private use in assessing 
evidence gathered during an investigation; and
I.  Any other records that are not public records in accordance with Title 1, section 
402.
Documents containing information set forth in this subsection are not "public records," as 
defined in Title 1, section 402, subsection 3, and do not become a matter of public record 
under this section.
2.  Order of dismissal. If the commission does not find reasonable grounds to 
believe that unlawful discrimination has occurred, it shall enter an order so finding, and 
dismiss the proceeding. 
2-A.  Administrative dismissal.  The executive director of the commission may 
administratively dismiss a complaint for reasons including, but not limited to:
A.  Lack of jurisdiction;
B.  Failure to substantiate the complaint of discrimination;
C.  Failure to file a complaint of discrimination within 300 days of the date of alleged 
discrimination; 
D.  Failure by complainant to proceed or cooperate with the investigation, including 
but not limited to a complainant's repeated or egregious failure to abide by the 
commission's confidentiality requirements;
E.  Bankruptcy filing by respondent; or
F.  Death of a complainant, if no person with legal authority to continue the case 
appears on that person's own behalf or on behalf of the complainant's estate within a 
reasonable time.
An administrative dismissal operates as an order of dismissal and has the same effect as a 
finding by the commission that no reasonable grounds exist to believe that unlawful 
discrimination has occurred.
3.  Informal methods, conciliation.  If the commission finds reasonable grounds to 
believe that unlawful discrimination has occurred, but finds no emergency of the sort 
contemplated in subsection 4, paragraph B, it shall endeavor to eliminate such 
discrimination by informal means such as conference, conciliation and persuasion. 
Everything said or done as part of such endeavors is confidential and may not be 
disclosed without the written consent of the parties to the proceeding, nor used as 
evidence in any subsequent proceeding, civil or criminal, except in a civil action alleging 
a breach of agreement filed by the commission or a party.  Any post-finding conciliation 
agreement that includes the commission as a signatory is a public record.  
Notwithstanding this subsection, the commission and its employees have discretion to 
disclose such information to a party as is reasonably necessary to facilitate conciliation. If 
the case is disposed of by such informal means in a manner satisfactory to a majority of 
the commission, it shall dismiss the proceeding. 
4.  Civil action by commission.  The commission may file a civil action in 
accordance with this subsection.
A.  If the commission finds reasonable grounds to believe that unlawful 
discrimination has occurred, and further believes that irreparable injury or great 
inconvenience will be caused the victim of such discrimination or to members of a 
racial, color, sex, sexual orientation, physical or mental disability, religious or 
nationality group or age protected class group if relief is not immediately granted, or 
if conciliation efforts under subsection 3 have not succeeded, the commission may 
file in the Superior Court a civil action seeking such relief as is appropriate, including 
temporary restraining orders.  In a complaint investigated pursuant to a memorandum 
of understanding between the commission and the United States Department of 
Housing and Urban Development that results in a reasonable grounds determination, 
the commission shall file a civil action for the use of complainant if conciliation 
efforts under subsection 3 are unsuccessful.
B.    Grounds for the filing of such an action before attempting conciliation include, 
but are not limited to: 
(1)  In unlawful housing discrimination, that the housing accommodation sought 
is likely to be sold or rented to another during the pendency of proceedings, or 
that an unlawful eviction is about to occur; 
(2)  In unlawful employment discrimination, that the victim of the discrimination 
has lost or is threatened with the loss of job and income as a result of such 
discrimination; 
(3)  In unlawful public accommodations discrimination, that such discrimination 
is causing inconvenience to many persons; 
(4)  In any unlawful discrimination, that the victim of the discrimination is 
suffering or is in danger of suffering severe financial loss in relation to 
circumstances, severe hardship or personal danger as a result of such 
discrimination.
5.  Confidentiality of 3rd-party records.  The Legislature finds that persons who 
are not parties to a complaint under this chapter as a complainant or a respondent have a 
right to privacy. Any records of the commission that are open to the public under Title 1, 
chapter 13, must be kept in such a manner as to ensure that data identifying these 3rd 
parties is not reflected in the record.  Only data reflecting the identity of these persons 
may be kept confidential.
6.  Right to sue.  If, within 180 days of a complaint being filed with the commission, 
the commission has not filed a civil action in the case or has not entered into a 
conciliation agreement in the case, the complainant may request a right-to-sue letter, and, 
if a letter is given, the commission shall end its investigation.  The executive director of 
the commission may issue a right-to-sue letter in any case in which the commission has 
not filed a civil action in the case or has not entered into a conciliation agreement in the 
case within 180 days of the complaint being filed, whether or not such a letter has been 
requested by the complainant.
Sec. 8.  5 MRSA §4614, as enacted by PL 1981, c. 255, §3, is amended to read:
§4614.  Attorney's fees and costs
In any civil action under this Act, the court, in its discretion, may allow the prevailing 
party, other than the commission, reasonable attorneys' attorney's fees and costs, and 
except that the commission shall be liable for attorneys' fees and costs the same as a 
private person may not be awarded attorney's fees and costs and is not liable to pay any 
party's attorney's fees and costs.
Sec. 9.  5 MRSA §4622, sub-§1, ¶A, as amended by PL 1993, c. 327, §3, is 
further amended to read:
A.  Dismissed the case under section 4612, subsection 2 or 2-A;
SUMMARY
This bill amends the Maine Human Rights Act so as to make more efficient the 
processing and investigation of complaints. The bill:
1.
Specifies that the Act must be construed to provide broad protection from 
discrimination; that it may not be construed to provide less coverage than the federal law; 
and that the interpretation of the Act by the Maine Human Rights Commission is entitled 
to deference by the court;
2.
Authorizes the executive director of the commission to appoint or hire additional 
necessary personnel subject to the Civil Service Law;
3.
Replaces certain references to the enumerated potential bases for discrimination 
with references to "protected class characteristics, membership or status";
4.
Specifies that funds received by the commission for the purpose of implementing 
a 3rd-party neutral mediation program are not subject to any statewide cost allocation 
plan;
5.
Designates as confidential certain information that is collected during the 
investigation of a complaint under the Act and exempts such information from the 
definition of "public record" for purposes of the Freedom of Access Act;
6.
Authorizes the executive director of the commission to administratively dismiss a 
complaint brought under the Act for specified reasons;
7.
Provides that any post-finding conciliation agreement that includes the 
commission as a signatory is a public record;
8.
Authorizes the executive director to issue a right-to-sue letter in any case in 
which the commission has not filed a civil action in the case or has not entered into a 
conciliation agreement in the case within 180 days of the complaint being filed, whether 
or not such a letter has been requested by the complainant; and
9.
Prohibits the awarding of attorney's fees and costs to the commission and 
specifies that the commission is not liable to pay attorney's fees and costs of another 
party.