An Act To Revise Certain Fish and Wildlife Laws
Maine Legislature, Session 122, LD 1939
Committee: Inland Fisheries and Wildlife
Sponsors: BRYANT, WATSON, DIAMOND, BRY ANT, PATRICK
Amends: 3 MRSA §959, 12 MRSA §10853, 12 MRSA §10902, 12 MRSA §11109-A, 12 MRSA §111, 12 MRSA §1120, 12 MRSA §11209, 12 MRSA §11212, 12 MRSA §11214, 12 MRSA §11223, 12 MRSA §114, 12 MRSA §11603, 12 MRSA §12404, 12 MRSA §12457, 12 MRSA §126, 12 MRSA §12708, 12 MRSA §12763, 12 MRSA §12808, 12 MRSA §12955, 12 MRSA §13058, 16 MRSA §357

Legislative Document 
No. 1939 
S.P.740 
In Senate, January 4,2006 
An Act To Revise Certain Fish and Wildlife Laws 
Submitted by the Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife pursuant to Joint Rule 204. 
Reference to the Committee on Inland Fisheries and Wildlife suggested and ordered 
printed. 
Presented by Senator BRYANT of Oxford. 
Cosponsored by Representative WATSON of Bath and 
JOY J. O'BRIEN 
Secretary of the Senate 
Senator: DIAMOND of Cumberland, Representatives: BRY ANT of Windham, PATRICK of 
Rumford. 
Printed on recyc led paper 
Be it enacted by the People of the State of Maine as follows: 
Sec. 1. 3 MRSA §959, sub-§I, ,G, as amended by PL 2003, c. 
600, §1, is further amended to read: 
G. 
The joint standing committee of the Legislature having 
jurisdiction over 
inland fisheries 
and wildlife matters 
shall use the following list as a guideline for scheduling 
reviews: 
(1) 
Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife in 
;lQQe 1QQ.l; 
(2) 
Advisory Board for the Licensing of Taxidermists 
in 2007; and 
(3) 
Atlantic Salmon Commission in 2011. 
Sec. 2. 12 MRSA §10853, sub-§4, as enacted by PL 2003, c. 414, 
Pt. A, §2 and affected by c. 614, §9, is amended to read: 
4. 
Resident disabled veteran. 
A resident disabled veteran 
may apply to the commissioner for one or more of the following 
complimentary permits and licenses: 
a 
license to hunt with a 
firearm, a license to trap, a license to fish, archery hunting 
licenses as provided in section 11109, subsection 7, a pheasant 
hunting permit as provided in section 11156 aBeL a muzzle-loading 
hunting ;!':ieeBse permit as provided in section 11109, subsection 
4, 
a migratory waterfowl permit under section 11157, 
a bear 
hunting 
permit 
under 
section 
11151 
and, 
upon 
meeting 
the 
gualifications as established in section 12853, subsection 4, a 
guide license. 
The 
commissioner shall issue the permit T 
or 
permits or license or licenses requested under this subsection if 
the commissioner determines the applicant is a resident disabled 
veteran and is not otherwise ineligible to hold that permit or 
license. 
For the purposes of this subsection, "resident disabled 
veteran" means a person who: 
4.6 
A. 
Is a resident as defined in section 10001, subsection 53; 
B. 
Is a veteran as defined in Title 37-B, section 505, 
subsection 2, paragraph A, subparagraph (3); and 
C. 
Has a service-connected disability evaluated at: 
(1) 
One hundred percent; or 
(2) 
Seventy percent or more as a result of honorable 
military service and who has served in a combat zone 
during any armed conflict in which participants were 
, 
.. 
exposed to war risk hazards as defined in 42 United 
States Code, Section 1711 (b). 
Each application must be 
accompanied by satisfactory evidence 
that the applicant meets the requirements of this subsection. 
A 
permit or license issued under this subsection remains valid for 
the life of the permit or license holder, as long as the permit 
or license holder continues to satisfy the residency requirement 
in section 10001, subsection 53 and the permit or license is not 
revoked or suspended. 
Sec. 3. 12 MRSA §10902, sub-§9, ,C, as corrected by RR 2003, 
c. 2, §19, is amended to read: 
C. Operating an ATV under the influence liRseF--2.,l--y&a:-F-S--ef 
a~eT as prohibited under section 10701, 
subsection I-A, 
paragraph DT-sliBpaFa~Faph-+a}; 
Sec. 4. 12 MRSA §11109-A. as enacted by PL 2005, c. 12, Pt. 
III, §6, is repealed and the following enacted in its place: 
§11l09-A. 
Super pact license 
A super pack license permits a person to hunt and fish all 
legal game and fish species, subject to the restrictions placed 
on the eguivalent individual license or permit issued under this 
Part 
for 
that 
species. 
All 
restrictions 
and 
conditions 
on 
hunting and fishing apply to a super pack licensee. including 
issuance and eligibility reguirements for the eguivalent license 
or permit. 
1. 
Moose lottery chances. 
A super pack license includes. 
upon application. 6 chances in the moose lottery under section 
11154, subsection 6. 
2. 
Antlerless dger permit. 
A super pack license includes 
an antlerless deer permit as provided under section 11152. except 
that it is valid only for antlerless deer in wildlife management 
districts in which at least 5.000 antlerless deer permits are 
issued. 
No more than 2. SOlo of those antlerless deer permits may 
be in the form of a 
super pack license. 
An antlerless deer 
permit issued pursuant to this subsection does not authorize the 
holder t~take a deer pursuant to that permit. 
The commissioner 
shall implement a 
system for issuing ant1erless deer permits 
under this subsection. 
3. 
HaU~SL.Qf 2 
de.g~Notwithstanding section 1l50~ 
super pack license authorizes the holder to take one deer during 
the regular open firearm season and one antlerless deer pursuant 
to subsection 2. 
4. 
Licenses not included. 
A super pack license does not 
include a moose permit or trapping privileges. 
5. 
F~~. 
Th~ 
f~~ fQr 
g 
~up~r pgf,;;k 
li!:,;~ns~ is 3i2QQ 
for 
rg5idgnt§ 
gng U75 
fQr 
g 
pgr§Qn hQlging 
Qr 
mQre 
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li!;:~n§~§ • 
Sec. S. 12 MRSA §111S2, sub-§I, as affected by PL 2003, c. 
614, §9 and amended by c. 655, Pt. B, §119 and affected by §422, 
is further amended to read: 
1. 
Permit 
required. 
Except 
as 
otherwise 
authorized 
pursuant to this Part, a person may not hunt antlerless deer as 
authorized in this section unless that person has a valid permit 
issued under this section. 
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A. 
Except as provided in pgrggrapl1 B, each day a person 
yiQIgtes this subsection thgt persQn !;:Qrnmits a Class E crime 
fQr which g minimum fing Qf $50 and an arnQunt egugl to twice 
the applif,;;able li!;:ense fee mu§t be imposeg. 
B. 
A viQlation Qf this subsection in Washington CQunty is a 
Clg§§ D f,;;rime fQr which g minimum fine of 3;1, QOO mu§t be 
impQ§gd, and the court shgll impQ5e a §entgn!:,;ing alternative 
invQlying a term Qf impri§onment of at least 3 dgy§, none of 
which may be suspended. 
Sec. 6. 12 MRS A §11203, sub-§I, as enacted by PL 2003, c. 414, 
Pt. A, §2 and affected by c. 614, §9, is amended to read: 
1. 
Bunter orange required. 
A person may not hunt with 
firearms Qr 
cros5bow5 during the open firearm season on deer 
unless 
that person is wearing 
articles 
of 
hunter 
orange 
clothing that are in good, serviceable condition and visible from 
all sides, except that a person hunting waterfowl from a boat or 
blind or in conjunction with waterfowl decoys is not required to 
wear hunter orange clothing. 
One article of clothing must be a 
solid-colored hunter orange hat. 
The other article of clothing 
must cover a major portion of the torso, such as a jacket, vest, 
coat or poncho, and must be a minimum of 50'\ hunter orange in 
color. 
The presence of a decal on an article of clothing that is 
otherwise solid-colored hunter orange does not disqualify that 
article of clothing from satisfying the requirements of this 
subsection. 
r 
and 
Sec. 7. 12 MRSA §1120S, as 
amended by c. 
655, Pt. 
B, 
further amended to read: 
affected by PL 2003, c. 614, §9 
§139 and affected by §422, is 
§11208. Un1awfu1 shooting or discharge of firearm or crossbow 
1. 
Shooting or discharge of firearm or crossbow over or 
near pub1ic paved way. 
A person may not: 
A. 
Shoot at any wild animal or wild bird from any public 
paved way or within 10 feet of the edge of the pavement of 
the public paved way or from within the right-of-way of any 
controlled access highway; 
B. 
Discharge any firearm or crossbow over a public paved 
way; or 
C. 
Possess any wild animal or wild bird taken in violation 
of paragraph A or B, except as otherwise provided in this 
Part. 
This subsection does not prohibit a person who has a valid permit 
to carry a concealed weapon from possessing that weapon on or 
near a public paved way as long as it is not used for shooting at 
wild animals or wild birds or discharged in violation of this 
subsection. 
2. 
Pena1ty. 
A person who violates subsection 1 commits a 
Class E crime. 
Sec. S. 12 MRSA §11209, as affected by PL 2003, c. 614, §9 
and amended by c. 655, Pte B, §140 and affected by Pt. B, §422 
and Pt. C, §§1 and 6, is further amended to read: 
§11209. 
Discharqe of firean. or crossbow near dwe11ing 
1. 
Prohibition. 
A person may not: 
A. 
Unless a relevant municipal ordinance provides otherwise 
and 
except 
as 
provided 
in 
sections 
12401 
and 
12402, 
discharge 
a 
firearm or 
crossbow within 100 
yards of 
a 
residential dwelling or a farm building used for sheltering 
livestock, 
machines 
or 
harvested 
crops 
without 
the 
permission of the owner or, in the owner's absence, of an 
adult occupant of that dwelling; or 
B. 
Possess a wild animal or wild bird taken in violation of 
this subsection, except as otherwise provided in this Part. 
This subsection may not be construed to prohibit a person from 
killing or taking a wild animal in accordance with sections 12401 
and 12402. 
2. 
Penalty. 
A person who violates subsection 1 commits a 
Class E crime. 
Sec. 9. 12 MRSA §11212, sub-§I, as affected by PL 2003, c. 
614, §9 and amended by c. 655, Pt. B, §142 and affected by §422, 
is further amended to read: 
1. 
Prohibition. 
The following prov1S1ons apply to shooting 
from a motor vehicle or motorboat or possessing a loaded firearm 
or a crossbow in a motor vehicle. 
A. 
A person may not shoot while in or on a motor vehicle or 
motorboat or while in or on a trailer or other type of 
vehicle being hauled by a motor vehicle except: 
(1) 
A person may hunt migratory waterfowl 
from 
a 
motorboat in accordance with federal regulations; 
(2) 
Paraplegics and single or double amputees of the 
legs may shoot from motor vehicles that are not in 
motion; and 
(3) 
A person may shoot from a motorboat if that boat 
is not being propelled by its motor. 
B. 
A person may not, while in or on a motor vehicle or in 
or on a trailer or other type of vehicle being hauled by a 
motor vehicle, have a cocked and armed crossbow or a firearm 
with a cartridge or shell in the chamber or in an attached 
magazine, 
clip or 
cylinder 
or 
a 
muzzle-loading 
firearm 
charged with powder, lead and a primed ignition device or 
mechanism, except that a person who has a valid Maine permit 
to carry a 
concealed weapon may have in or on a 
motor 
vehicle or trailer a loaded pistol or revolver covered by 
that permit. 
C. 
A person may not possess a wild animal or wild bird 
taken in violation of paragraph A or B, except as otherwise 
provided in this Part. 
Sec. 10. 12 MRSA §11214, sub-§I, ,H, as enacted by PL 2003, c. 
4.6 
414, Pt. A, §2 and affected by c. 614, §9, is amended to read: 
H. 
Use for hunting or possess for hunting an arrow ~ 
~ 
having either an explosive or poisonous tip; 
, 
'. 
, 
Sec. 11. 12 MRSA §11223, sub-§l, as enacted by PL 2003, c. 
414, Pt. A, §2 and affected by c. 614, §9, is amended to read: 
1. 
Duty. 
that person has 
another person 
crossbow shall: 
A person who knows or has reason to know that 
inflicted injury or may have inflicted ~nJury on 
by the use of a firearm 
9F L 
bow and arrow Ql: 
A. 
Make that person known to the victim; 
a. 
Render first aid and assistance as that person is 
capable of rendering under the circumstances; and 
C. 
Give notice of the event by the quickest means to a game 
warden or, 
in the event that a 
game warden can not be 
contacted, to the law enforcement officer nearest the place 
where the event occurred. 
Sec. 12. 12 MRSA §114S4. sub-§l, as enacted by PL 2003, c. 
655, Pt. a, §l72 and affected by §422, is amended to read: 
1. 
Prohibition. 
A person may 
not hunt deer with any 
firearms using a 
.17 or .22 caliber rimfire cartridge, except 
that the use of the .22 caliber rimfire magnum cartridge is not 
prohibited. 
Sec. 13. 12 MRSA §11603, sub-§l, as enacted by PL 2003, c. 
655, Pt. a, §177 and affected by §422, is amended to read: 
1. Prohibition. 
A person may not use a .17 or .22 caliber 
rimfire firearm 9FL 
a shotgun using shot loads or a crossbow to 
hunt moose. 
Sec. 14. 12 MRSA §12404, sub-§6, ,G, as enacted by PL 2003, c. 
655, Pt. a, §243 and affected by §422, is amended to read: 
G. 
The owner or keeper of a dog is in violation of this 
paragraph if that owner's or keeper' s dog is found killing 
or wounding a moose, deer or wild turkey at any time or any 
other wild animal in closed season. 
(1) 
A person who violates this paragraph commits 
a 
civil violation for which a fine of not less than $lQQ 
~ 
nor more than $§QQ $1.000 may be adjudged. 
(2) 
A person who violates this paragraph after having 
been adjudicated as having committed 3 or more civil 
violations under this Part within the previous 5-year 
period commits a Class E crime. 
Sec. 15. 12 MRSA §12457, sub-§I, ,A, as affected by PL 2003, 
c. 614, §9 and amended by c. 655, Pt. B, §245 and affected by 
§422, is further amended to read: 
A. 
The area within 150 feet of any operational fishway, 
except: 
(1) 
At the following places, the fishway and the area 
within 75 feet of any part of the fishway are closed to 
fishing at all times: 
(a) 
Grand Falls Powerhouse Dam on the St. Croix 
River in Baileyville; and 
(b) 
Woodland 
Dam 
on 
the St. 
Croix 
River 
in 
Baileyville: 
(2) 
At the following places, 
the area within the 
fishway and within 75 feet of the downstream mouth of 
the fishway is closed to fishing at all times: 
(a) 
East Grand Lake Dam in Forest City Township, 
T9 R4 NBPP, except that fishing upstream from the 
dam at the top of the fishway is lawful; aBe 
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At the following places, the area within 75 feM 
of the mouth of the fishway is closed to fishing at all 
times: 
Ca) 
Spednic Lake Dam in Vanceboro: 
(3) 
At 
the 
so-called 
ice 
control 
dam 
on 
the 
Narraguagus River in the Town of Cherryfield, the area 
within 100 feet of the dam must be closed to fishing at 
all times; 
(4) 
At East Outlet Dam in Sapling Township, T1R7, in 
Somerset County and in Big Moose Township, 
T2R6, 
in 
Piscataquis County at the outlet of Moosehead Lake, the 
fishway and the area within 50 feet of any part of the 
fishway must be closed to fishing at all times; and 
(5) 
There is no fishing in or from the fishway at the 
Sheepscot Lake Dam in the Town of Palermo in Waldo 
County; 
Sec. 16. 12 MRSA §126S4-A, sub-§I, as enacted by PL 2003, c. 
655, Pt. B, §277 and affected by §422, is amended to read: 
, 
1. 
Prohibition. 
A person may not fish with more than 3 
unbaited artificial flies individually attached to a line Qr hook. 
Sec. 17. 12 MRSA §12708, sub-§I, ,A, as amended by PL 2003, c. 
587, §1 and affected by §2 and c. 614, §9 and c. 655, Pt. C, §§4 
and 6, is further amended to read: 
A. 
The following described territories are classified as 
wildlife management areas to be managed by the commissioner 
in accordance with the principles of wildlife management, as 
defined in section 10001, subsection 73, and subject to the 
commissioner's authority under section 12701: 
(1) 
Bartlett's Island in Hancock County; 
(2) 
Colby College Area: The Mayflower Hill Campus of 
Colby College 
compr~s~ng approximately 640 
acres of 
land. It is located west of the center of Waterville 
bounded in general as follows: 
From a stone marker on the west bank of Messalonskee 
Stream, said marker located across the stream from a 
point approximately 400 feet north of Riverview Avenue. 
Runs north along bank of Messalonskee Stream to a point 
approximately 2,000 feet north of Cedar Bridge (North 
Street), 
thence 
in 
a 
northeasterly direction to 
a 
cement 
marker 
on 
the 
Second 
Rangeway 
at 
a 
point 
approximately 900 feet northeast of intersection with 
Rice Rips Road, thence in a southwesterly direction to 
Rice Rips Road, 
thence east approximately 300 feet, 
thence southwesterly again approximately parallel to 
and west of the Second Rangeway for approximately 1,800 
feet to a cement marker, thence easterly to the Second 
Rangeway, thence in a southerly direction on east side 
of Second Rangeway for approximately 1,900 feet to a 
cement 
marker 
and 
college 
sign; 
thence 
southeast 
approximately 5,400 feet to Mt. Merici property line 
post and cement marker; thence in easterly direction to 
and across Mayflower Hill Drive in offset manner (east 
offset marked with stone or cement marker post) to and 
across Maine Central railroad to the point of beginning 
on west bank of Messalonskee Stream; 
(3) 
Deer Isle and Stonington: The Towns of Deer Isle 
and Stonington, Hancock County; 
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(6) 
Lowell E. Barnes Wildlife Management Area: Certain 
lots or parcels of land situated in Hiram, County of 
Oxford, 
State 
of 
Maine, 
bounded 
and 
described 
as 
follows: 
(a) 
A parcel of land containing 700 acres more or 
less bounded northerly by land now or formerly of 
Lusanna 
Hubbard, 
Lemuel 
Cotton 
and 
M.L. 
Wardsworth; easterly by land now or formerly of 
James Edgecomb; southerly by land now or formerly 
owned 
or 
occupied 
by 
Llewellyn 
A. 
Wardsworth, 
Asbury Huntress and Orison Adams; and westerly by 
land 
now 
or 
formerly 
of 
James 
Ayer, 
Harrison 
Sanburn, 
James Ayer again, 
the George F. 
Brooks 
place, 
so 
called, 
being 
the 
lot 
next 
below 
described and land now or formerly of Fred Small, 
Seth Spring and Freeman Flye; 
(b) 
A parcel of land containing 25 acres, more or 
less, situated westerly of the above described lot 
and known as the George F. Brooks place; and 
(c) 
A parcel of land containing 70 acres, more or 
less, situated adjacent to the first parcel above 
described and bounded north, east and west by said 
first above described parcel and southerly by land 
now or formerly of James Ayer and Elmer Hodgdon. 
Said parcel is known as the Dennis Stanley place; 
(7) 
Marsh Island: Marsh Island in Penobscot County; and 
, 
(8) 
Oak 
Grove: 
The 
campus 
and 
land of Oak 
Grove 
School, in the Town of Vassalboro, County of Kennebec, 
situated on the east side of Route No. 100; and all the 
land of said school situated on the west side of Route 
No. 
100. Sebago Lake Basin Wildlife Management Area: 
All that portion of 
Sebago 
Lake 
commonly 
known 
as 
Sebago Lake Basin lying below the high water mark in 
the Towns of Standish and Windham. 
Sec. 18. 12 MRSA §12763, sub-§4, as affected by PL 2003, c. 
614, §9 and amended by c. 655, Pt. B, §307 and affected by §422, 
is further amended to read: 
4. 
Peradts allowing use of gill nets by federal agencies or 
other state agencies. 
The department may authorize the use of 
gill nets 
by 
federal 
agencies 
or 
other state agencies 
for 
purposes of scientific research or public safety projects. 
Any 
authorization by the department for a federal agency or another 
state agency to utilize gill nets must be given through written 
permit. 
A. 
The 
authority granted to the department 
under this 
subsection is subject to the following constraints. 
(2) 
Both ends of the gill net must 
buoys that are clearly visible from a 
feet and that identify the state or 
responsible for setting the net. 
be marked with 
distance of 300 
federal agency 
(3) 
The results of each netting must be forwarded on a 
weekly basis to the department, and the records of the 
results must be available for public inspection at the 
department. 
B. The following penalties apply to violations of paragraph 
A. 
(1) 
A person who violates paragraph A commits a civil 
violation for which a fine of not less than $100 nor 
more than $500 may be adjudged. 
(2) 
A person who violates paragraph A after having 
been adjudicated as having committed 3 or more civil 
violations under this Part within the previous 5-year 
period commits a Class E crime. 
Sec. 19. 12 MRSA §12808, sub-§I-A, ,C, as enacted by PL 2003, 
c. 655, Pt. B, §3l2 and affected by §422, is amended to read: 
C. 
Possess, process, sell, offer for sale, deliver, carry, 
transport or ship, by any means whatsoever, 
or 
threatened species or 
any part of 
an 
threatened species. 
A person who violates 
commits a Class D crime; or 
any endangered 
endangered or 
this paragraph 
Sec. 20. 12 MRSA §12955, sub-§3, as enacted by PL 2003, c. 
414, Pt. A, §2 and affected by c. 614, §9, is amended to read: 
3. 
Expiration. 
valid for a period 
December 31st of the 
All licenses issued under this section are 
commencing Sept:eRlBeF August 1st and ending 
year in which the license is issued. 
Sec. 21. 12 MRSA §13058, sub-§I, as repealed and replaced by 
PL 2005, c. 397, Pt. E, §13, is amended to read: 
1. 
Prohibition. 
A person 
may 
not place or operate 
a 
motorboat or personal watercraft on the inland waters of the 
State unless a valid lake and river protection sticker issued 
annually under subsection 3 is permanently affixed to each side 
of the bow above the water line and approximately 3 inches behind 
the 
validation 
sticker 
required 
under 
section 
13056. 
This 
sticker is nontransferable. 
Sec. 22. 16 MRSA §357, last" as enacted by PL 1987, c. 791, 
§3, is amended to read: 
Notwithstanding this section, the result of a laboratory or 
any other test kept by a hospital or other medical facilitYT 
wR~eR ~ 
reflects blood-alcohol concentrationT-6Ra±± may not be 
excluded as evidence in a criminal or civil proceeding by reason 
of any claim of confidentiality or privilege and may be admitted 
provided that the result is relevant and reliable evidence if the 
proceeding is one in which the operator of a 
motor vehicleL 
snowmobile, all-terrain vehicle or watercraft is alleged to have 
operated under the influence of intoxicating liquor or drugs, and 
the court is satisfied that probable cause exists to believe that 
the operator committed the offense charged. 
SUMMARY 
This bill makes the following numerous changes to fisheries 
and wildlife laws including: 
1. 
It changes the State Government Evaluation Act review 
for the Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife from 2005 to 
2007; 
Page l1-LR2593(1) 
, 
2. 
It changes 
taking 
County without a permit from 
and increases the penalty to 
and at least 3 days in jail; 
an antlerless deer 
in Washington 
a Class E crime to a Class D crime 
a mandatory minimum fine of $1, 000 
3. 
It clarifies where a person can fish around fishways on 
East Grand Lake Dam and Spednic Lake Dam; 
4. 
It clarifies that the prohibition on possessing, selling 
or transporting an endangered or threatened species also applies 
to the parts of those species; 
5. 
It provides a resident disabl~d veteran a 
migratory waterfowl permit, 
a bear hunting 
p~rmit 
license if that veteran meets the qualifications 
license under the Maine Revised Statutes, Title 12; 
complimentary 
and a guide 
for a guide 
6. 
It clarifies that a person may not fish with more than 3 
unbaited artificial flies individually attached to a line or hook; 
7. 
It adds 
snowmobiles 
and all-terrain vehicles to the 
provision of law regarding obtaining test results from hospitals 
when a person has been involved in an accident while operating 
under 
the 
influence. 
Current 
law covers motor vehicles 
and 
watercraft; 
8. 
It adds .17 caliber firearms to the law prohibiting the 
use of .22 caliber firearms for hunting deer and moose; 
9. 
It 
removes 
Long 
Lake 
Wildlife 
Management 
Area 
in 
Aroostook County from the list of designated wildlife management 
areas; and 
10. 
It extends to hunting with crossbows application of 
many laws regarding hunting with firearms.