Campus & Community University News Research Events People About Artificial intelligence tool predicts treatment response and survival in small cell lung cancer patients NOVEMBER 24, 2021HEALTH & WELLNESSRESEARCHSCIENCE & TECH Researchers identify set of patterns from CT scans to help predict patient’s response to chemotherapy Researchers at the Center for Computational Imaging and Personalized Diagnostics (CCIPD) at Case Western Reserve University have used artificial intelligence (AI) to identify patterns on computed tomography (CT) scans that offer new promise for treating patients with small cell lung cancer. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents about 13% of all lung cancers, but grows faster and is more likely to spread than non-small cell lung cancer, according to the American Cancer Society. Anant Madabhushi And while a lot of AI research has been performed on non-small cell lung cancer, little work has been done on SCLC, said CCIPD Director Anant Madabhushi, the Donnell Institute Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Case Western Reserve. Small cell lung cancer patients can be challenging to treat, Madabhushi said. His lab worked with oncologists at University Hospitals in Cleveland to help ascertain which SCLC patients would respond to treatment. The researchers identified a set of radiomic patterns from CT scans taken before treatment that allow them to predict a patient’s response to chemotherapy. They also examined the association between AI-derived image features with longer-term outcomes. Specifically, the researchers noted that computationally extracted textural patterns of the tumor itself—as well as the region surrounding it—were found to be different in SCLC patients who responded well to a certain chemotherapy, compared to those who did not. Further, patterns were revealed by the AI that corresponded to patients who ended up living longer after treatment compared to those who did not. Finally, the AI revealed that there was notably more heterogeneity, or variability, in the scanned images of patients who did not respond to chemo and had poorer chances of survival, Madabhushi said. What’s next: possible human trials These findings from a retrospective study now sets the stage for prospective AI driven clinical trials for treatment management of SCLC patients, Madabhushi said. Results from the research were published in Frontiers in Oncology in October. Their findings are significant because chemotherapy remains the backbone of systemic treatment, the researchers said. “Even though most patients respond to initial treatment, relapse is common and a subset of patients are chemo-resistant,” said Prantesh Jain, co-lead author of the study while with the Department of Hematology and Oncology at University Hospitals. He’s now an assistant professor of oncology at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center in Buffalo. “Currently,” Jain said, “there are no clinically validated predictive biomarkers to select a subpopulation of patients with primary chemoresistance or early recurrence.” Broader AI initiative Mohammadhadi Khorrami The study is part of broader research conducted at CCIPD to develop and apply novel AI and machine-learning approaches to diagnose and predict therapy responses for various diseases and indications of cancer, including breast, prostate, head and neck, brain, colorectal, gynecologic and skin cancer. “Our efforts are aimed at reducing unnecessary chemotherapeutic treatments and thus reducing patient suffering,” said the study’s co-lead author Mohammadhadi Khorrami, a CCIPD researcher and PhD student in biomedical engineering at Case Western Reserve. “By knowing which patients will benefit from therapy, we can decrease ineffective treatments and increase more aggressive therapy in patients who have suboptimal or no response to the first-line therapy.” For more information, contact Mike Scott at mike.scott@case.edu. AIANANT MADABHUSHIARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCECANCERCANCER RESEARCHCCIPDRELEASE RELATED POSTS New method for enabling a more reliable electric grid NOVEMBER 22, 2021 Researchers link pollution to cardiovascular disease, develop strategies to reduce exposure and encourage government intervention NOVEMBER 15, 2021 ARCHIVES Select Month November 2021 October 2021 September 2021 August 2021 July 2021 June 2021 May 2021 April 2021 March 2021 February 2021 January 2021 December 2020 November 2020 October 2020 September 2020 August 2020 July 2020 June 2020 May 2020 April 2020 March 2020 February 2020 January 2020 December 2019 November 2019 October 2019 September 2019 August 2019 July 2019 June 2019 May 2019 April 2019 March 2019 February 2019 January 2019 December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 August 2018 July 2018 June 2018 May 2018 April 2018 March 2018 February 2018 January 2018 December 2017 November 2017 October 2017 September 2017 August 2017 July 2017 June 2017 May 2017 April 2017 March 2017 February 2017 January 2017 December 2016 November 2016 October 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016 June 2016 May 2016 April 2016 March 2016 February 2016 January 2016 December 2015 November 2015 October 2015 September 2015 August 2015 July 2015 June 2015 May 2015 April 2015 March 2015 February 2015 January 2015 December 2014 November 2014 October 2014 September 2014 August 2014 July 2014 June 2014 May 2014 April 2014 March 2014 February 2014 January 2014 December 2013 November 2013 October 2013 September 2013 August 2013 July 2013 June 2013 May 2013 April 2013 March 2013 February 2013 January 2013 December 2012 November 2012 October 2012 September 2012 August 2012 July 2012 June 2012 May 2012 April 2012 March 2012 February 2012 January 2012 December 2011 November 2011 October 2011 September 2011 August 2011 July 2011 June 2011 May 2011 UPCOMING EVENTS School of Law virtual open house “Communication Etiquette: Creating a Culture of Respect” Master of Public Health/Master of Health Care Management dual degree virtual information session View all Events RECENTLY FEATURED 5 things to know about… career planning NOVEMBER 17, 2021 5 things to know about the holiday shopping season NOVEMBER 16, 2021 View all Recently Featured LIFE @CWRU When your family puts you on yard duty for the lon We're one week away from #GivingTuesdayatCWRU, a d CWRU is hosting the sectional round of the NCAA wo When walks to class look like this > Can you be-leaf autumn is almost over? 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