Search site: Home DLineFunds Menu Account Access | Login Advisor Login About DoubleLine Documents News Contact Glossary ABS – Asset-Backed Securities Agency – Mortgage securities whose principal and interest are effectively guaranteed by the U.S. Government agency including Fannie Mae (FNMA) or Freddie-Mac (FHLMC). Active Share – A measure of the percentage of stock holdings in a manager’s portfolio that differs from the benchmark index. Agency Inverse Floaters – A mortgage pool that has a yield that is inversely related to interest rates. Agency Inverse IO/IO – Interest Only mortgage pools in which the borrower’s monthly payment is only toward the interest on the loan. A non-amortized loan. Alpha (α) – A measure of performance on a risk-adjusted basis. Backwardation refers to a potential market structure where a longer dated futures contract has a lower value than the spot price for the contract’s reference commodity. The longer dated futures contract of a backwardated commodity has the potential to appreciate to the value of the spot price of the reference commodity as the contract approaches expiration. Basis Point (BPS) refer to a common unit of measure for interest rates and other percentages in finance. One basis point is equal to 1/100th of 1%, or 0.01% (0.0001), and is used to denote the percentage change in a financial instrument. Below Investment Grade – Also known as “junk bond” is a security rated below investment grade having a rating of BBB- or below. These bonds are seen as having higher default risk or other adverse credit events, but typically pay higher yields than better quality bonds in order to make them attractive. They are less likely to pay back at par/$100 cents on the dollar. Beta (β) – A measure of the volatility of a security or portfolio in comparison to the market as a whole. The Blended Benchmark consists of 60% MSCI World Index/40% Bloomberg Barclays Global Aggregate Index and has been reconstituted to be more reflective of how the Advisor expects to manage the Fund. The Bloomberg Barclays Capital US Aggregate Index represents securities that are taxable and dollar denominated. The index covers the US investment grade fixed rate bond market, with index components for government and corporate securities, mortgage pass-through securities, and asset-backed securities. These major sectors are subdivided into more specific indices that are calculated and reported on a regular basis. It is not possible to invest directly in an index. Bloomberg Barclays Aggregate Bond Index: An index that represents securities that are SEC-registered, taxable, and dollar denominated. The index covers the U.S. investment grade fixed rate bond market, with index components for government and corporate securities, mortgage pass-through securities, and asset-backed securities. These major sectors are subdivided into more specific indices that are calculated and reported on a regular basis. The Bloomberg Barclays Global Aggregate Index provides a broad-based measure of the global investment-grade fixed income markets. The three major components of this index are the U.S. Aggregate, the Pan-European Aggregate, and the Asian-Pacific Aggregate Indices. The index also includes Eurodollar and Euro-Yen corporate bonds, Canadian government, agency and corporate securities, and USD investment grade 144A securities. The Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Credit Index: The US Credit component of the U.S. Government/Credit Index. This index consists of publically-issued U.S. corporate and specified foreign debentures and secured notes that meet the specified maturity, liquidity, and quality requirements. To qualify, bonds must be SEC-registered. The US Credit Index is the same as the former US Corporate Investment Grade Index. Bloomberg Barclays U.S. 1-3 Year Credit Index measures the performance of investment grade corporate debt and sovereign, supranational, local authority, and non-US agency bonds that have a remaining maturity of at least one year and less than three years. Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Long Government/Credit Index includes publicly issued U.S. Treasury debt, U.S. government agency debt, taxable debt issued by U.S. states and territories and their political subdivisions, debt issued by U.S. and non-U.S. government debt and supranational debt. Bloomberg Commodity Index (BCOM) is calculated on an excess return basis and reflects commodity futures price movements. The index rebalances annually weighted 2/3 by trading volume and 1/3 by world production and weight-caps are applied at the commodity, sector and group level for diversification. Roll period typically occurs from 6th-10th business day based on the roll schedule. One cannot invest directly in an index. Bloomberg Barclays U.S. MBS Index measures the performance of investment grade fixed-rate mortgage-backed pass-through securities of the Government-Sponsored Enterprises (GSEs): Ginnie Mae (GNMA), Fannie Mae (FNMA), and Freddie Mac (FHLMC). BNP Paribas Multi Asset Trend Index – This index is a rules based Index which intends to benefit from trends of a diverse range of asset classes and geographic regions. The 58 underlying components are representative of the following 5 asset classes equities, rates commodities, credit and foreign exchange rates. By including a large number of components, the index seeks diversification in both up and down movements Long and short exposures are identified and adjusted in anticipation of market trends with additional measures built in aiming to limit the effect of risk on performance. The index aims to generate excess return by using a trend following strategy and to offer diversification in a multi asset class universe. Bond Ratings – Grades given to bonds that indicate their credit quality as determined by a private independent rating service such as Standard and Poor’s. The firm evaluates a bond issuer’s financial strength, or its ability to pay a bond’s principal and interest in a timely fashion. Ratings are expressed as letters ranging from ‘AAA’, which is the highest grade, to ‘D’, which is the lowest grade. In limited situations when the rating agency has not issued a formal rating, the rating agency will classify the security as not-rated. The CAC 40 is the French stock market index that tracks the 40 largest French stocks based on market capitalization on the Paris Bourse (stock exchange). CAPE (Cyclically Adjusted Price-to-Earnings) Ratio – A measure of the price of a company’s stock relative to average earnings growth over the past 10 years. Cash – The value of assets that can be converted into cash immediately. Can include marketable securities, such as government bonds, bankers acceptances, cash equivalents on balance sheets that may include securities that mature within 90 days. Citi World Government Bond Index (WGBI) – measures the performance of fixed-rate, local currency, investment grade sovereign bonds. The WGBI is a widely used benchmark that currently comprises sovereign debt from over 20 countries, denominated in a variety of currencies, and has more than 25 years of history available. The WGBI provides a broad benchmark for the global sovereign fixed income market. Sub-indices are available in any combination of currency, maturity, or rating. It is not possible to invest directly in an index. CLO – Collateralized Loan Obligations CMBS – Collateralized Mortgage Backed Securities CMO – Collateralized Mortgage Obligations Colony Capital Fundamental US Real Estate Index – The Index is a rules-based index that incorporates the fundamental criteria described below originally developed by Colony Capital, Inc. The Index is rebalanced and reconstituted quarterly by applying a systematic methodology to the universe of real estate investment trusts. Credit Distribution – Determined from the highest available credit rating from any Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Agency (“NRSRO”, generally S&P, Moody’s and Fitch). DoubleLine chooses to display credit ratings using S&P’s rating convention, although the rating itself might be sourced from another NRSRO. Credit Suisse Managed Futures Liquid Total Return USD Index – This index seeks to gain broad exposure to the Managed Futures strategy using a pre-defined quantitative methodology to invest in a range of asset classes including equities, fixed income, commodities and currencies Credit Support Annexes – is a legal document which regulates credit support (collateral) for derivative transactions. It is one of the four parts that make up an ISDA Master Agreement but is not mandatory. It is possible to have an ISDA agreement without a CSA but normally not a CSA without an ISDA. Credit Quality – Determined from the highest available credit rating from any Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Agency (NRSRO”, generally S&P, Moody’s, or Fitch). DoubleLine chooses to display credit ratings using S&P’s rating convention, although the rating itself might be sourced from another NRSRO. The firm evaluates a bond issuer’s financial strength, or its ability to pay a bond’s principal and interest in a timely fashion. Ratings are expressed as letters ranging from ‘AAA’, which is the highest grade, to ‘D’, which is the lowest grade. In limited situations when the rating agency has not issued a formal rating, the rating agency will classify the security as nonrated. Correlation – A statistical measurement of the relationship between two variables. Possible correlations range from +1 to -1. A zero correlation indicates that there is no relationship between the variables. A correlation of -1 indicates a perfect negative correlation and +1 indicates a perfect positive correlation. Convexity – A measure of the curvature in the relationship between bond prices and bond yields that demonstrates how the duration of a bond changes as the interest rate changes. Convexity is used as a risk-management tool, and helps to measure and manage the amount of market risk to which a portfolio of bonds is exposed. DAX is a stock index that represents 30 of the largest and most liquid German companies that trade on the Frankfurt Exchange. The prices used to calculate the DAX Index come through Xetra, an electronic trading system. A free-float methodology is used to calculate the index weightings along with a measure of average trading volume. Diversification does not assure a profit, nor does it protect against a loss in a declining market. DXY (U.S. Dollar Index) – A weighted geometric mean of the United States dollar’s value relative to a basket of 6 major foreign currencies, including the Euro, Japanese yen, Pound sterling, Canadian dollar, Swedish krona and Swiss franc. Effective Duration calculates the expected price decline for a bond when interest rates rise by 1%. All else equal, the longer the maturity of a bond, the larger its effective duration. However, the value of the effective duration will always be lower than the maturity of the bond. The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) is a price-weighted average of 30 significant stocks traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the NASDAQ. The DJIA was invented by Charles Dow back in 1896. Dow Jones U.S. Select REIT Index – The Index tracks the performance of publicly traded REITs and REIT-like securities and is designed to serve as a proxy for direct real estate investment, in part by excluding companies whose performance may be driven by factors other than the value of real estate. Duration is a commonly used measure of the potential volatility of the price of a debt security, or the aggregate market value of a portfolio of debt securities, prior to maturity. Securities with a longer duration generally have more volatile prices than securities of comparable quality with a shorter duration. Effective Maturity is the date on which the principal amount of a bond is due. EM – Emerging Markets Fixed Income Sector Allocation – The figures shown for the fixed income sector allocation represent the relative net assets invested in the displayed categories of fixed income and cash only. The FTSE 100 Index is a share index of the 100 companies listed on the London Stock Exchange with the highest market capitalization. It is seen as a gauge of prosperity for businesses regulated by UK company law. The index is maintained by the FTSE Group, a subsidiary of the London Stock Exchange Group. The FTSE World Government Bond Index (WGBI) measures the performance of fixed-rate, local currency, investment grade sovereign bonds. The WGBI is a widely used benchmark that currently includes sovereign debt from over 20 countries, denominated in a variety of currencies, and has more than 30 years of history available. The WGBI provides a broad benchmark for the global sovereign fixed income market. Sub-indexes are available in any combination of currency, maturity or rating. FX – Forex (FX) is the marketplace where various national currencies are traded. The forex market is the largest, most liquid market in the world, with trillions of dollars changing hands every day. There is no centralized location, rather the forex market is an electronic network of banks, brokers, institutions, and individual traders (mostly trading through brokers or banks). G10 – A coalition of countries lobbying for agriculture to be treated as diverse and special because of non-trade concerns. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the monetary value of all the finished goods and services produced within a country’s borders in a specific time period. HY – High Yield ICE BofAML 3-Month U.S. Treasury Bill Index is comprised of a single issue purchased at the beginning of the month and held for a full month. At the end of the month that issue is sold and rolled into a newly selected issue. The issue selected at each month-end rebalancing is the outstanding Treasury Bill that matures closes to, but not beyond, three months from the rebalancing date. To qualify for selection, an issue must have settled on or before the month-end rebalancing date. ICE BAML 1-3 Year Eurodollar Index is a subset of the ICE BAML Eurodollar Index including all securities with a remaining term to final maturity less than 3 years. The ICE BAML Eurodollar Index tracks the performance of US dollar-denominated investment grade quasigovernment, corporate, securitized and collateralized debt publicly issued in the eurobond markets. One cannot invest directly in an index. ICE BofAML 1-3 Year U.S. Treasury Index is an unmanaged index that tracks the performance of the direct sovereign debt of the U.S. Government having a maturity of at least one year and less than three years. It is not possible to invest directly in an unmanaged index. Inflation is the rate of change of prices calculated on a monthly or annual basis. Investment Grade (IG) = Securities rated AAA to BBB- are considered to be investment grade. A bond is considered investment grade if its credit rating is BBB- or higher by Standard & Poor’s or Baa3 by Moody’s. Ratings based on corporate bond model. The higher the rating, the more likely the bond is to pay back at par/$100 cents on the dollar. AAA is considered the highest quality and the lowest degree of risk. They are considered to be extremely stable and dependable. ISDA – International Swaps and Derivatives Association is an organization that works to make over-the-counter derivatives markets safe and efficient. It focuses on three key areas: reducing counterparty credit risk, increasing transparency and improving the industry’s operational infrastructure. JP Morgan Emerging Markets Bond Global Diversified Index is uniquely-weighted version of the EMBI Global. It limits the weights of those index countries with larger debt stocks by only including specified portions of these countries’ eligible current face amounts of debt outstanding. The countries covered in the EMBI Global Diversified are identical to those covered by EMBI Global. It is not possible to invest directly in an index. JP Morgan CEMBI Broad Diversified 1-3 Year is a market capitalization weighted index consisting of 1-3 year maturity US-denominated Emerging Market corporate bonds. It is a liquid global corporate benchmark representing Asia, Latin America, Europe and the Middle East/Africa. It is not possible to invest in an index. J.P. Morgan GBI-EM Global Diversified TR Index – (GBI-EM) series was launched in 2005 and is the first comprehensive global emerging markets index of local government bond debt The GBI EM Global Diversified is one of the three root versions of the GBI EM and is the most widely used version of the GBI EM index The GBI EM Global Diversified index represents an investable benchmark, created to capture a diverse set of countries that are accessible by most of the international investor base. London Interbank Offering Rate (LIBOR) is an indicative average interest rate at which a selection of banks known as the panel banks are prepared to lend one another unsecured funds on the London money market. M&A – Mergers and Acquisitions. Market Cap – The market price of an entire company, calculated by multiplying the number of shares outstanding by the price per share. Market Leverage Loan Index – An index designed to track the market-weighted performance of the largest institutional leveraged loans based on the market weightings, spreads and interest payments. Market price is the weighted average of the prices of the Fund’s portfolio holdings. While a component of the fund’s Net Asset Value, it should not be confused with the Fund’s NAV. MBS – Mortgage-Backed Securities Median Market Cap – The midpoint of market capitalization (market price multiplied by the number of shares outstanding) of the stocks in a portfolio. Half the stocks in the portfolio will have higher market capitalizations; half will have lower. Moody’s/RCA Commercial Property Price Index (CPPI): An index that describes various non-residential property types for the U.S. (10 monthly series from 2000). This index is a periodic same-property round-trip investment price change index of the U.S. commercial investment property market. The dataset contains 20 monthly indicators. Morgan Stanley Backwardation Focused Multi-Commodity Index (MS BFMCI) is comprised of futures contracts selected based on (i) the contracts’ historical backwardation relative to other commodity-related futures contracts and (ii) the contracts’ historical liquidity. The sectors represented in the index (industrial metals, energy and agricultural/livestock) have been selected to provide diversified exposure. The index is typically re-balanced annually in January. MSCI Europe Net Return USD Index Index is part of the Modern Index Strategy and represents the performance of large and mid-cap equities across 15 developed countries in Europe. The Index has a number of sub-Indexes which cover various sub-regions market segments/sizes, sectors and covers approximately 85% of the free float-adjusted market capitalization in each country. MSCI ALL World Index captures large and mid cap representation across 23 Developed Markets (DM) and 23 Emerging Markets (EM) countries*. With 2,484 constituents, the index covers approximately 85% of the global investable equity opportunity set. NASDAQ – A global electronic marketplace for buying and selling securities, as well as the benchmark index for U.S. technology stocks. Nasdaq was created by the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD) to enable investors to trade securities on a computerized, speedy and transparent system, and commenced operations on February 8, 1971. The term “Nasdaq” is also used to refer to the Nasdaq Composite, an index of more than 3,000 stocks listed on the Nasdaq exchange. Non-Agency Residential Mortgage Backed Securities (MBS) – Residential Mortgages Bond Securities are a type of bond backed by residential mortgages. Non-Agency means they were issued by a private issuer. Price-to-Earnings Ratio (P/E) – The valuation ratio of a company’s market value per share divided by the company’s earnings per share (EPS). Primary Market – The market in which securities are created and firms sell stocks and bonds to the public for the first time. RMBS – Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities. Russell 1000 Value Index: An index that measures the performance of the large-cap value segment of the U.S. equity universe. It includes those Russell 1000 companies with lower price-to-book ratios and lower expected growth values. Secondary Market – The market in which investors purchase securities or assets from other investors, rather than from issuing companies themselves. Sharpe Ratio – A reward-to-variability ratio and a measure of the excess return (or Risk Premium) per unit of risk in an investment asset or a trading strategy. Shiller Barclays CAPE® US Sector TR USD Index incorporates the principles of long-term investing distilled by Dr. Robert Shiller and expressed through the CAPE® (Cyclically Adjusted Price Earnings) ratio (the “CAPE® Ratio”). It aims to identify undervalued sectors based on a modified CAPE® Ratio, and then uses a momentum factor to seek to mitigate the effects of potential value traps. You cannot invest directly in an index. Shiller Barclays CAPE® Europe Sector Net TR USD Index incorporates the principles of long-term investing distilled by Dr. Robert Shiller and expressed through the CAPE® (Cyclically Adjusted Price Earnings) ratio (the “CAPE® Ratio”). The classic CAPE® Ratio assesses equity market valuations and averages ten years of reported earnings to account for earnings and market cycles. Each month, the Index’s methodology ranks ten sectors within the European equity markets based on a modified CAPE® Ratio and a twelve-month price momentum factor. Smart Beta defines a set of investment strategies that emphasize the use of alternative index construction rules to traditional market capitalization based indices. Smart beta emphasizes capturing investment factors or market inefficiencies in a rules-based and transparent way. Standard Deviation is a measure of the dispersion of a set of data from its mean. The more spread apart the data, the higher the deviation. Calculated by the square-root of the variance. Spread is the difference between yields on differing debt instruments, calculated by deducting the yield of one instrument from another. The higher the yield spread, the greater the difference between the yields offered by each instrument. The spread can be measured between debt instruments of differing maturities, credit ratings and risk. The S&P 500® Index is an unmanaged capitalization-weighted index of 500 stocks designed to measure performance of the broad domestic economy through changes in the aggregate market value of 500 stocks representing all major industries. S&P/LSTA Leveraged Loan Index. Index is comprised of non-investment grade and non-rated loans and strips our defaulted issue at the price directly following the default. You cannot invest directly in an index. S&P Goldman Sachs Commodity Index (GSCI) measures investment in the commodity markets and commodity market performance over time. Tracking error – A divergence between the price behavior of a position or a portfolio and the price behavior of a benchmark. This is often in the context of a hedge or mutual fund that did not work as effectively as intended, creating an unexpected profit or loss instead. Tranche – Tranches are pieces of a pooled collection of securities, usually debt instruments, that are split up by risk or other characteristics in order to be marketable to different investors. Each portion, or tranche, is one of several related securities offered at the same time but with varying risks, rewards and maturities to appeal to a diverse range of investors. TIPS – Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities UST – United States Treasury Weighted average life (WAL) is the average number of years for which each dollar of unpaid principal on a loan or mortgage remains outstanding. Once calculated, WAL tells how many years it will take to pay half of the outstanding principal. Yield is the income return on an investment, such as the interest or dividends received from holding a particular security. The yield is usually expressed as an annual percentage rate based on the investment’s cost, current market value or face value. A yield curve is a line that plots yields (interest rates) of bonds having equal credit quality but differing maturity dates. The slope of the yield curve gives an idea of future interest rate changes and economic activity. One may not directly invest in an index. Mutual Funds Closed End Funds Webcasts FAQ ©2021 DoubleLine Privacy Policy| Terms and Conditions| Glossary Investing involves risk; Principal loss is possible. The fund's investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses must be considered carefully before investing. The statutory prospectus and summary prospectus (if available) contain this and other important information about the investment company and may be obtained by Clicking here. In addition, a free hard-copy is available by calling 1 (877) 354-6311/1 (877) DLINE11. Please read the prospectuses carefully before investing. 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