Print ELECTRODE MASS CONSTRUCTION GRAPHICS DOMAIN BLOCKS GRAPHITE AND CARBON CONTAINING MATERIALS CALCENT PETROLEUM COKE R&D FOR INVESTORS PRESS CENTER ABOUT COMPANY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ENERGOPROM GROUP Search Ru ALUMINUM DESCRIPTION Our products are used for the production of aluminum. In terms of prevalence in nature, aluminum ranks first among metals; its content in the earth's crust is 7.45%. However, despite its widespread occurrence in nature, aluminum until the end of the 19th century belonged to the number of rare metals. Pure aluminum is not found due to its high chemical activity. It mainly occurs in the form of compounds with oxygen and silicon - aluminosilicates. At first, various expensive chemical methods of reduction were used for the production of aluminum, which led to high costs and the impossibility of commercialization. But at the end of the 80s of the last century, chemical methods supplanted the electrolytic method, which made it possible to drastically reduce the cost of aluminum and created the preconditions for the rapid development of the aluminum industry. The founders of the modern electrolytic method for the production of aluminum Eroux in France and Hall in the USA independently filed in 1886 almost similar applications for patenting a method for producing aluminum by electrolysis of alumina dissolved in molten cryolite. Since the appearance of the Eru and Hall patents, the modern aluminum industry begins, Today, aluminum is produced on an industrial scale exclusively by electrolysis. Electrolytic reduction of alumina dissolved in a cryolite-based melt is carried out at 950-970 ° C in an electrolytic cell. The electrolyzer consists of a bath (cathodes) lined with carbon blocks, to the bottom of which an electric current is supplied. The liquid aluminum released on the hearth serving as the cathode is heavier than the molten salt of the electrolyte, therefore it is collected on a carbon base, from where it is periodically pumped out. From above, carbon anodes are immersed in the electrolyte, which burn in an atmosphere of oxygen released from alumina, releasing carbon monoxide (CO) or carbon dioxide (CO2). In practice, two types of anodes are used: a) self-firing Soderberg anodes, consisting of briquettes (low ash coal with 25-35% coal tar pitch) packed in an aluminum shell; under the influence of high temperature, the anode mass is fired (sintered); b) fired, or "continuous", anodes from large coal blocks (for example, 1900 × 600 × 500 mm, weighing about 1.1 tons). (for their manufacture, a separate production is required for the preparation of a mixture of coke and pitch and pressing, followed by firing) The current strength in electrolyzers varies and grows with the evolution of the aluminum industry - the standard is about 300 KA, but today there are also electrolyzers with a current of up to 600 KA. Alumina melt with cryolite is a chemically aggressive environment and perhaps one of the best materials available today that can withstand its effects is graphite / carbon (and also conduct current to carry out the reaction necessary to reduce aluminum). The electrolyzer bath, as mentioned above, is lined with cathodes (they are of different types depending on the content of graphite, have different properties - resistance to abrasive wear, conductivity, mechanical strength, etc. - so ENERGOPROM GROUP produces 4 types of cathode blocks). The anodes are lowered into the electrolysis melt into the bath from above. The most environmentally friendly way is to produce aluminum using baked anodes. The global industry is actively getting rid of the options for the production of aluminum with Soderberg anodes. Recently, the possibility of using a so-called inert anode has often been mentioned. The inert anode mass does not contain carbon. When aluminum is produced using inert anodes, the by-product is not carbon dioxide, but oxygen. One electrolyzer can produce the same amount of oxygen as 70 hectares of forest. In addition, the inert anode is not consumed and does not require replacement, which significantly reduces operating costs. All leading aluminum producers are actively involved in the development of this technology, and sooner or later we will witness a revolution in the aluminum industry, but so far the use of carbon blocks remains the most widespread technology. PRODUCTS CATHODE BLOCKS BURNED ANODES НАБИВНЫЕ ПОДОВЫЕ МАССЫ ГРАФИТ И УГЛЕРОДОСОДЕРЖАЩИЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ РЕКОМЕНДОВАННЫЕ СТАТЬИ Графитированные электроды Масса электродная Холоднонабивные массы Катодные блоки История успеха: Ligas de Alumínio S/A - LIASA prev next НАШ БИЗНЕС ИНДУСТРИИ ПРОДУКТЫ R&D R&D ЦЕНТР R&D ПРОЕКТЫ СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВО НАШИ КОНТАКТЫ ДЛЯ ИНВЕСТОРОВ СТРАТЕГИЯ ФИНАНСОВЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ РАСКРЫТИЕ ИНФОРМАЦИИ ПРЕСС-ЦЕНТР НОВОСТИ И ПРЕСС-РЕЛИЗЫ МУЛЬТИМЕДИА ИНФОРМАЦИЯ О ПРОДУКТЕ НОВОСТИ FACEBOOK КОНТАКТЫ ДЛЯ ПРЕССЫ О КОМПАНИИ ИСТОРИЯ ГРУППЫ СТРУКТУРА МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ ЮРИДИЧЕСКАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ ГЕОГРАФИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ УСТОЙЧИВОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ КАРЬЕРА В ГРУППЕ ЭНЕРГОПРОМ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЙ ЦЕНТР СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ ЗДОРОВЬЕ, БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ И ЭКОЛОГИЯ РАЗВИТИЕ И ТРЕНИНГИ СОЦ. СЕТИ FACEBOOK ENERGOPROM GROUP