Contacts Site map History of the printing house Vacancies Printing house "Lubavich" About the printing house Printing house "Lubavich" - 495 years! Printing house "Lubavich" - 495 years! In the first half of the 16th century, only eight printing houses in Europe printed the Cyril type. One of them is the printing house "Lubavich", which was founded by a certain Serb "elder" Bozidar. But he organized production not in his hometown, but in Italian Venice. Bozidar sent his sons Juraj and Theodor there to first study printing and then publish books. The children of Bozhidar were monks of the most famous Serbian monastery Mileshevo, whose brethren were also going to start printing church books in Cyrillic. By the way, a quarter of a century later, the monastery also became the center of Slavic book printing, but in the early 1500s, the Lubavitch family overtook the monastery community. Why did Bozidar send his children to Venice? Because Venice was the center of the European printing industry. There, book printing acquired a new economic significance: here the book became a commodity, an object of export. And it was quieter there in the political sense. In 1519, the printing house of Juraj and Theodor published the first book - "The Service Book" (a liturgical book containing texts spoken by priests and deacons during a divine service). This date is considered to be the date of the founding of the Lubavich printing house. Frequent floods in Venice interfered with work, moreover, the elder brother Juraj died, and it was decided to move the printing house to his homeland in the Serbian city of Gorazde. Fonts and printing equipment were transported there. And she worked at the church of the Holy Great Martyr George, on the Drina River, which for a long time represented the natural border between the West Roman and East Roman empires. Subsequently, this river became the border between the Orthodox and Catholic worlds, between Serbia and Herzegovina. Looking ahead, it can be mentioned that the town of Gorazde became famous during the 1992-95 civil war as the site of fierce fighting between Serbs and Bosnians. Although life on the border was not peaceful in the 16th century, the Lubavitch printing house published the Psalter with the Book of Hours in 1521, the Prayer Book the next year, and then the Trebnik (a liturgical book containing the rites of the Sacraments performed by the Church in special cases). All books were made at a high polygraphic level. The screensavers of the editions, printed in the woodcut technique, are an example of the traditional Balkan style of ornamentation and at the same time serve as illustrations, for they contain images of the Mother of God and the Child and the saints. The productivity of the printing industry was then - 1 circulation per year (!). Но недолго работала типография в Сербии, и в 1523 г. Дмитрий Любавич, внук Божидара, снова перенес предприятие, теперь в румынское Тырговиште, которое в те годы было столицей Валахии. Позднее этот небольшой городок попал на скрижали истории как место казни румынского лидера Николае Чаушеску и его супруги Елены (1989). После переезда в Румынию известно, что типография в 1547 выпустила два издания «Апостола с посвящениями», а потом следы предприятия в истории теряются на полтора века. Во время триумфальной для России русско-турецкой войны 1768- 1774 годов фельдмаршал Петр Александрович Румянцев вел боевые действия на Балканах. В одном из захваченных им городков он нашел кириллические шрифты и печатное оборудование старой типографии «Любавич». Он перевез их в Малороссию и отдал своему сыну Николаю, известному коллекционеру, создателю Румянцевской библиотеки (ныне библиотека имени Ленина в Москве), в начале XIX века назначенному премьер-министром России. Тогда в XVIII веке восстановить типографию не удалось, потому что указом Петра I старый «кирилловский» шрифт был заменен на гражданский, а «кирилловское книгопечатание» утратило свое значение и стало монополией церкви.. It was only in 1992 that the Lyubavich printing house was recreated by Maxim Rumyantsev in the Slavic city of St. Petersburg. Which, ironically, also suffered from floods, was the arena of various wars, here the head of state was killed more than once, is located on the border between the Orthodox and Catholic worlds, and the printing industry is developed in it ... Show contacts Back to Layout quickly and efficiently Glossary of terms I do not understand! Give a complaint book! I want to exchange links Lost, give me a map! Find on the site!