Patent Document ID: 20030035492
Application ID: 09928897
Patent Flag: 0

Claim One:
1. A machine used for digital communications, comprising: a. a first symbol constellation having at least two symbols, said two symbols having differing amplitudes and each having non-zero probability, and said first symbol constellation having a first second-order statistic and a second second-order statistic, where i. said first second-order statistic is the expected value over all symbols in said first symbol constellation of each symbol multiplied by its complex conjugate and ii. said second second-order statistic is the expected value over all symbols in said first symbol constellation of each symbol multiplied by itself b. a second symbol constellation having a third second-order statistic and a fourth second-order statistic, where i. said third second-order statistic is the expected value over all symbols in said second symbol constellation of each symbol multiplied by its complex conjugate and ii. said fourth second-order statistic is the expected value over all symbols in said second symbol constellation of each symbol multiplied by itself and iii. said fourth second-order statistic is not equal to said second second-order statistic c. means for periodic selection of a symbol from said first symbol constellation d. means for periodic selection of a symbol from said second symbol constellation.