Patent Document ID: 20150118218
Application ID: 14125221
Patent Flag: 0

Claim One:
1. A method for detecting the presence or absence of a neural injury biomarker in a biological sample, the method comprising: providing a biological sample; subjecting the biological sample to an assay to detect the neural injury biomarker selected from the group consisting of: (a) an assay to detect S100β, wherein the assay comprises (i) providing aldolase, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (“GAPDH”), and a signal-transducing molecule, each immobilized on one or more supports, (ii) providing fructose 1,6-bisphosphate and NAD + , and (iii) contacting the biological sample with the one or more supports, NAD + , and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate under conditions effective to cause a cascading biological reaction leading to production of a measurable signal by the signal-transducing molecule if S100β is present in the biological sample; (b) an assay to detect S100β, wherein the assay comprises (i) providing phosphoglyceromutase (“PGM”), enolase, pyruvate kinase, and a signal-transducing molecule, each immobilized on one or more supports, (ii) providing 3-phosphoglycerate and (iii) contacting the biological sample with the one or more supports and 3-phosphoglycerate under conditions effective to cause a cascading biological reaction leading to production of a measurable signal by the signal-transducing molecule if S100β is present in the biological sample; (c) an assay to detect glial fibrillary acidic protein (“GFAP”), wherein the assay comprises (i) providing a GFAP-phosphorylating kinase and luciferase, each immobilized on one or more supports, (ii) providing D-luciferin, O 2 , and ATP, and (iii) contacting the biological sample with the one or more supports, D-luciferin, O 2 , and ATP under conditions effective to permit a sequential reaction, whereby GFAP, if present in the biological sample, will react with the GFAP-phosphorylating kinase and ATP thereby producing ADP, whereby a decreased amount of ATP reacts with luciferase to produce a measurable signal compared to when GFAP is not present in the biological sample and the sequential reaction does not take place; (d) an assay to detect a neural injury biomarker, wherein the neural injury biomarker is an enzyme, the assay comprising (i) providing one or more substrates of the neural injury-biomarker and one or more co-factors, (ii) providing one or more enzymes capable of acting upon the product of a reaction between the neural injury biomarker and the one or more substrates, wherein at least one enzyme is immobilized on one or more supports and at least one of the one or more enzymes is a signal-transducing molecule; and (iii) contacting the biological sample with the one or more substrates and the one or more enzymes under conditions effective to permit a sequential reaction, whereby the neural injury biomarker, if present in the biological sample, will react with the one or more substrates causing a single reaction or a series of coupled reactions that cause production of a measurable signal by the signal-transducing molecule; (e) combinations of two or more of (a), (b), (c), and (d); and detecting, based on said subjecting, the measurable signal, wherein the measurable signal indicates presence or absence of the neural injury biomarker in the biological sample.