pari-kulkarni/itihasa-sanskrit-en-filtered huggingface dataset:
Sanskrit: विरोचन उवाच न मे सुधन्वना सख्यं प्राणयोर्विपणावहे। प्रह्लाद तत्त्वं पृच्छामि मा प्रश्नमनृतं वदेः॥
English: Virochana said There is no friendship between myself and Sudhanvan. (the Truth is that) we have wagered our lives. O sire, I shall ask you a question; do not answer it untruely.
Sanskrit: प्रह्लाद उवाच उदकं मधुपर्क वाप्यानयन्तु सुधन्वने। ब्रह्मन्नभ्यर्चनीयोऽसि श्वेता गौः पीवरी कृता।॥
English: Prahrada said Let water, honey and curds be brought for Sudhanvan. O Brahmana, you ought to be respected by ine. A white and healthy cow is ready for you.
Sanskrit: सुधन्वोवाच उदकं मधुपर्कं च पथिष्वेवार्पितं मम। प्रह्लाद त्वं तु मे तथ्यं प्रश्न प्रबूहि पृच्छतः। किं ब्राह्मणाः स्विच्छ्रेयांस उताहो स्विद् विरोचनः।।
English: Sudhanvan said Water, honey and curds have been presented to me on the way. O Prahrada, I ask you a question; answer truly what I ask you. Are the Brahmanas superior or is Virochana superior?
Sanskrit: प्रह्लाद उवाच पुत्र एको मम ब्रह्मंस्त्वं च साक्षादिहास्थितः। तयोर्विवदतोः प्रश्नं कथमस्मद्विधो वदेत्॥
English: Prahrada said I have got only one son; and you are a Brahmana present here in person. How can one situated as I am, answer the question, which is a matter of dispute between yourselves.
Sanskrit: सुधन्वोवाच गां प्रदद्यास्त्वौरसाय यद्वान्यत् स्यात् प्रियं धनम्। द्वयोर्विवदतोस्तथ्यं वाच्यं च मतिमंस्वया॥
English: Sudhanvan said Keep your cow and whatever wealth you hold dear for yourself; but, O wise man, you should speak the truth in a matter, on which we two are disputing.
Sanskrit: प्रह्लाद उवाच अथ यो नैव प्रब्रूयात् सत्यं वा यदि वानृतम्। एतत् सुधन्वन् पृच्छामि दुर्विवक्ता स्म किं वसेत्॥
English: Prahrada said Who does not answer, truly or falsely; I ask you, Sudhanvan, where does that wrong user of his tongue live?
Sanskrit: सुधन्वोवाच यां रात्रिमधिविन्ना स्त्री यां चैवाक्षपराजितः। यां च भाराभितप्ताङ्गो दुर्विवक्ता स्म तां वसेत्॥
English: Sudhanvan said One who makes a wrong use of his tongue lives passing his nights like a woman having her husband sleeping in the arms of a co-wife or like one who has been defeated at a game at dice or like one whose body is burning with troubles.
Sanskrit: नगरे प्रतिरुद्धः सन् बहिरे बुभुक्षितः। अमित्रान् भूयसः पश्येद् यः साक्ष्यमनृतं वदेत्॥
English: The man, who is giving evidence tells lies, stays staving at the outer gates, shut out from the city; and he always sees his enemies.
Sanskrit: पञ्च पश्चनृते हन्ति दश हन्ति गवानृते। शतमश्वानृते हन्ति सहस्रं पुरुषानृते।॥
English: A lie for the sake of an animal means the degradation from heaven of five of one's ancestors; one for the sake of a cow means the downfall of ten; one for the sake of a horse means for the downfall of a hundred; while one for the sake of a man means the casting away of a thousand.
Sanskrit: हन्ति जातानजातांश्च हिरण्यार्थेऽनृतं वदन्। सर्वं भूम्यनृते हन्ति मा स्म भूम्यनृतं वदेः॥
English: A lie for the sake of gold means the destruction of one's race born and unborn; and one for the sake of land means the ruin of everything. Therefore do not tell lies for the sake of land.
Sanskrit: प्रहाद उवाच मत्तः श्रेयानङ्गिरा वै सुधन्वा स्वद्विरोचन। मातास्य श्रेयसी मातुस्तस्मात् त्वं तेन वै जितः॥
English: Prahrada said Superior to me is Angirasa; and superior to you is Sudhanvan, O Virochana. His mother, too, is superior to (your) mother. Therefore you have been vanquished by him.
Sanskrit: विरोचन सुधन्वाऽयं प्राणानामीश्वरस्तव। सुधन्वन् पुनरिच्छामि त्वया दत्तं विरोचनम्॥
English: O Virochana, this Sudhanvan is now the lord of your life. O Sudhanvan, I desire it (the life) to be restored by you to Virochana.
Sanskrit: सुधन्वोवाच यद् धर्ममवृणीथास्त्वं न कामादनृतं वदीः। पुनर्ददामि ते पुत्रं तस्मात् प्रह्लाद दुर्लभम्॥
English: Sudhanvan said you have chosen virtue and have not I spoken an untruth from temptation; therefore I give back your dear son his life, O Prahrada.
Sanskrit: एष प्रह्लाद पुत्रस्ते मया दत्तो विरोचनः। पादप्रक्षालनं कुर्यात् कुमार्याः संनिधौ मम॥
English: This son of your, Virochana, who is given to you by me, O Prahrada, should wash my feet before the maiden. Since you
Sanskrit: विदुर उवाच तस्माद् राजेन्द्र भूम्यर्थं नानृतं वक्तुमर्हसि। मा गम: ससुतामात्यो नाशं पुत्रार्थमब्रुवन्॥
English: Vidura said Therefore, O chief among kings you should not speak an untruth for the sake of land. Do not ruin yourself with your sons and ministers by refraining from speaking the truth.
Sanskrit: न देवा दण्डमादाय रक्षन्ति पशुपालवत्। यं तु रक्षितुमिच्छन्ति बुद्ध्या संविभजन्ति तम्॥
English: The gods do not look after men with club in hands, like the herdsman. To those they want to protect, they give intelligence.
Sanskrit: यथा यथा हि पुरुषः कल्याणे कुरुते मनः। तथा तथाऽस्य सर्वार्थाः सिद्ध्यन्ते नात्र संशयः॥
English: In proportion as a man is inclined towards virtue, his wishes meet with success, there is no doubt about it.
Sanskrit: नैनं छन्दांसि वृजिनात् तारयन्ति मायाविनं मायया वर्तमानम्। श्छन्दांस्येन प्रजहत्यन्तकाले॥
English: The Vedas do not rescue one who is deceitful and lives by deceit from sins. Indeed, the Vedas, when the end approaches, forsake him, as the full-fledge birds forsake their nests.
Sanskrit: मद्यपानं कलहं पूगवैरं भार्यापत्योरन्तरं ज्ञातिभेदम्। राजद्विष्टं स्त्रीपुंसयोविवाद वान्याहुर्यश्च पन्थाः प्रदुष्टः॥
English: Drinking quarrels, enmity with many, separating husband from wife (by sowing dissensions), family quarrels, disloyalty to the king, causing quarrels between husbands and wife ought, it is said, to be avoided, as well as the sinful ways of life.
Sanskrit: सामुद्रिकं वणिजं चोरपूर्वं शलाकधूर्तं च चिकित्सकं च। अरिं च मित्रं च कुशीलवं च नैतान् साक्ष्ये त्वधिकुर्वीत सप्त॥
English: A palmist, a merchant who has formerly been a thief, a cunning fowler, a medical man, an enemy, a friend and one who is of bad habits these seven should not be cited as witnesses.
Sanskrit: मानाग्निहोत्रमुत मानमौनं मानेनाधीतमुत मानयज्ञः। एतानि चत्वार्यभयंकराणि भयं प्रयच्छन्त्ययथाकृतानि।।
English: An Agnihotra ceremony performed out of vanity, silence, study out of vanity and pride based upon haughtiness, these four though not fearful of themselves, become fearful when performed unduly.
Sanskrit: अगारदाही गरदः कुण्डाशी सोमविक्रयी। पर्वकारश्च सूची मित्रधुक् पारदारिकः॥ भ्रूणहा गुरुतल्पी च यश्च स्यात् पानपो द्विजः। अतितीक्ष्णश्च काकच नास्तिको वेदनिन्दकः॥ स्रुवप्रग्रहणो व्रात्य: कीनाशश्चात्मवानपि। रक्षेत्युक्तश्च यो हिंस्यात् सर्वे ब्रह्महभिः समाः॥
English: 46-An incendiary, one who imprisons other persons, a pander, a wine-seller, a manufacturer of arrows, an astrologer, one who injuries friends, one who violates other's wives, one who causes miscarriage, one who violates the wife of his elders and superiors, a twice-born who drinks wine, one who uses excessively harsh words, one who opens up old hostilities, an atheist, one who speaks ill of the Vedas, one addicted to taking bribes, one whose holy thread ceremony has not been performed even through the time has come, one who secretly poisons cattle and one who injures a person who says "protect me”-all these are on the same level with those who slay Brahmanas.
Sanskrit: तृणोल्कया ज्ञायते जातरूपं वृत्तेन भद्रो व्यवहारेण साधुः। शूरो भयेष्वर्थकृच्छ्रेषु धीरः कृच्छ्रेष्वापत्सु सुहृदश्चारयश्च॥
English: Gold is known by fire, one of good birth by his behaviour, an honest man by his conduct, a hero in times of panic, a patient man during the time of poverty and friends and enemies during the seasons of difficulties and dangers.
Sanskrit: जरा रूपं हरति हि धैर्यमाशा मृत्युः प्राणान् धर्मचर्यामसूया। क्रोधः श्रियं शीलमनार्यसेवा ह्रियं कामः सर्वमेवाभिमानः॥
English: Old age destroys beauty; patience hope; death, life envy, virtue; passion, prosperity; association with the vulgar good manners; lust, modesty; and vanity, everything.
Sanskrit: श्रीमङ्गलात् प्रभवति प्रागल्भ्यात् सम्प्रवर्धते। दाक्ष्यात् तु कुरुते मूलं संयमात् प्रतितिष्ठति।॥
English: Prosperity has for its source good deeds; it increases owing to activity and takes root owing to skill and continues its existence owing to self-control.
Sanskrit: एतान् गुणांस्तात महानुभावानेको गुणः संश्रयते प्रसह्या राजा यदा सत्कुरुते मनुष्यं सर्वान् गुणानेष गुणो विभाति॥
English: But, O dear, one thing alone can make all these great qualities come together. When a king honours a man, all the qualities shed luster on him.
Sanskrit: अष्टौ नृपेमानि मनुष्यलोके स्वर्गस्य लोकस्य निदर्शनानि। श्चत्वारि चैषामनुयान्ति सन्तः॥
English: These eight, O king, in this world of human beings are considered as the marks of heaven. Of these, four are the attributes of the good; and the honest men follow the other four.
Sanskrit: यज्ञो दानमध्ययनं तपश्च चत्वार्येतान्यन्ववेतानि सद्भिः। दमः सत्यमार्जवमानृशंस्यं चत्वार्येतान्यनुयान्ति सन्तः।।
English: Sacrificial ceremonies, gifts, study and devotion, these tour are followed by the good. Self-control, truth, kindness and humanity, these four are also the attributes of the good.
Sanskrit: इज्याध्ययनदानानि तपः सत्यं क्षमा घृणा। अलोभ इति मार्गोऽयं धर्मस्याष्टविधः स्मृतः॥
English: Sacrificial ceremonies, study, gift, devotion, truth, forgiveness, mercy and contentment, these are the eight ways to virtue, according to the Smriti.
Sanskrit: तत्र पूर्वचतुर्वर्गो दम्भार्थमपि सेव्यते। उत्तरश्च चतुर्वर्गो नामहात्मसु तिष्ठति॥
English: The first four of these may be followed from motives of vanity; but the last four do not exist in those that are not great.
Sanskrit: न सा सभा यत्र न सन्ति वृद्धा वृद्धा ये न वदन्ति धर्मम्। नासौ धर्मो यत्र न सत्यमस्ति न तत् सत्यं यच्छलेनाभ्युपेतम्॥
English: That one is not an assembly where there are no old men. Those are not old men who do not speak of virtue. That is not virtue where truth does not exist; and that is not truth where deceit pervades.
Sanskrit: सत्यं रूपं श्रुतं विद्या कौल्यं शीलं बलं धनम्। शौर्यं च चित्रभाष्यं च दशेमे स्वर्गयोनयः॥
English: Truth, beauty, learning, knowledge, good birth, good manners, strength, wealth, heroism and ability to talk on diverse topics, these ten have their origin in heaven.
Sanskrit: पापं कुर्वन् पापकीर्तिः : पापमेवाश्नुते फलम्। पुण्यं कुर्वन् पुण्यकीर्तिः पुण्यमत्यन्तमश्नुते॥
English: A man, who is notoriously sinful by doing sinful acts, gets evil fruits; and one, who is reputed to be virtuous by doing virtuous acts, gains great happiness.
Sanskrit: तस्मात् पापं न कुर्वीत पुरुषः शंसितव्रतः। पापं प्रज्ञां नाशयति क्रियमाणं पुनः पुनः॥
English: There should a man firmly resolve not to do sinful acts. The sinful acts being committed again and again destroy wisdom.
Sanskrit: नष्टप्रज्ञः पापमेव नित्यमारभते नरः। पुण्यं प्रज्ञां वर्धयति क्रियमाणं पुनः पुनः॥
English: The man who has lost his wisdom constantly commits sin. The virtuous acts being done again and again increase wisdom.
Sanskrit: वृद्धप्रज्ञः पुण्यमेव नित्यमारभते नरः। पुण्यं कुर्वन् पुण्यकीर्तिः पुण्यं स्थानं स्म गच्छति। तस्मात् पुण्यं निषेवेत पुरुषः सुसमाहितः॥
English: An old man and wise always does virtuous acts. By doing virtuous acts he gains a good reputation and goes to a holy place (hereafter). Therefore should a man intently practice virtue.
Sanskrit: असूयको दन्दशूको निष्ठुरो वैरकृच्छठः। स कृच्छ्रे महदाप्नोति न चिरात् पापमाचरन्॥
English: A man that is envious, one that gravely injures another, one who is cruel, one who is always making enemies of others and one who is deceitful by committing sins, soon meets with grave difficulties.
Sanskrit: अनसूयुः कृतप्रज्ञः शोभनान्याचरन् सदा। नकृच्छ्रे महदाप्नोति सर्वत्र च विरोचते॥
English: He that is not envious and he who is wise by always doing graceful acts, never meets with any grave difficulties; and shines with luster everywhere.
Sanskrit: प्रज्ञामेवागमयति यः प्राज्ञेभ्यः स पण्डितः। प्राज्ञो ह्यवाप्य धर्मार्थों शक्नोति सुखमेधितुम्॥
English: He that assimilates the wisdom of the wise is himself wise; and he who is wise by doing acts, both virtuous and conducive to worldly benefits, succeeds in gaining happiness.
Sanskrit: दिवसेनैव तत् कुर्याद् येन रात्रो सुखं वसेत्। अष्टमासेन तत् कुर्याद् येन वर्षाः सुखं वसेत्॥
English: That act should be done by one during the day, which will enable him to live in comfort during the night; and that should be done in eight months which will enable one to live in comfort throughout the year.
Sanskrit: पूर्वे वयसि तत् कुर्याद् येन वृद्धः सुखं वसेत्। यावज्जीवेन तत् कुर्याद् येन प्रेत्य सुखं वसेत्॥
English: That act should be done during the early years of life, which will enable one to live in comfort during the old age. That act should be done in this life which will enable one to live in happiness after death.
Sanskrit: जीर्णमन्नं प्रशंसन्ति भार्यां च गतयौवनाम्। शूरं विजितसंग्रामं गतपारं तपस्विनम्॥
English: People speak well of that food which has been digested. They speak well of the wife whose youth has passed away and of that hero who has come off victorious in the battle and of that ascetic who has gone over to the other side (of life).
Sanskrit: धनेनाधर्मलब्धेन यच्छिद्रमपिधीयते। असंवृतं तद् भवथि ततोऽन्यदवदीर्यते॥
English: The hole, that one seeks to stop by wealth acquired by foul means, remains uncovered; and others come into existence in other places.
Sanskrit: गुरुरात्मवतां शास्ता शास्ता राजा दुरात्मनाम्। अथ प्रच्छन्नपापानां शास्ता वैवस्वतो यमः॥
English: The preceptor is the controller of those who have their souls under restraint; the king is the controller of those who have bad souls; and Yama, the son of Vivasvata, is the controller of those who sin in secret.
Sanskrit: ऋषीणां च नदीनां च कुलानां च महात्मनाम्। प्रभवो नाधिगन्तव्यः स्त्रीणां दुश्चरितस्य च।॥
English: The greatness of Rishis, of rivers, of the banks of rivers and of the noble-minded cannot be conceived, as also the wickedness of a woman.
Sanskrit: द्विजातिपूजाभिरतो दाता ज्ञातिषु चार्जवी। क्षत्रियः शीलभाग् राजंश्चिरं पालयते महीम्॥
English: One attached to the worship of the twiceborn, one that makes gifts, one who behaves generously towards his cousins and the Kshatriya of good manners, rules the earth forever.
Sanskrit: सुवर्णपुष्पां पृथिवीं चिन्वन्ति पुरुषास्त्रयः। शूरश्च कृतविद्यश्च यश्च जानाति सेवितुम्॥
English: These three, viz., the brave, the wise and these who know how to protect others, plucks flowers of gold from the earth.
Sanskrit: बुद्धिश्रेष्ठानि कर्माणि बाहुमध्यानि भारत। तानि जवाजघन्यानि भारप्रत्यवराणि च॥
English: Acts performed by means of the intellect are the best; those performed by the arms come next; O Bharata, those by the things are bad; while those performed by carrying loads are the worst.
Sanskrit: दुर्योधनेऽथ शकुनौ मूढे दुःशासने तथा। कर्णे चैश्वर्यमाधाय कथं त्वं भूतिमिच्छसि॥
English: Having entrusted your kingdom Duryodhana, Shakuni and the fool Dushasana and Karna, how can you hope for prosperity?
Sanskrit: सर्वैर्गुणैरुपेतास्तु पाण्डवा भरतर्षभ। पितृवत् त्वयि वर्तन्ते तेषु वर्तस्व पुत्रवत्॥
English: The Pandavas who are possessed of every virtue, O best among the race of Bharata, depend on you as their father. Do you also depends upon them as your sons. to
Sanskrit: विदुर उवाच अत्रैवोदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्। आत्रेयस्य च संवाद साध्यानां चेति नः श्रुतम्॥
English: Vidura said In this connection is quoted the old story of the conversation between the son of Atri and Saddhyas as heard by us.
Sanskrit: चरन्तं हसरूपेण महर्षिं संशितव्रतम्। साध्या देवा महाप्राज्ञं पर्यपृच्छन्त वै पुरा॥
English: While the great Rishi of rigid vows was wandering as a mendicant, the deities called Saddhyas, in days of old, asked him of great wisdom.
Sanskrit: साध्या ऊचुः साध्या देवा वयमेते महर्षे दृष्ट्वा भवन्तं न शक्नुमोऽनुमातुम्। श्रुतेन धीरो बुद्धिमांस्त्वं मतो नः काव्यां वाचं वक्तुमर्हस्युदाराम्॥
English: The Saddhyas said We are deities called Saddhyas. O great Rishi, seeing you, we are unable to guess who you are; but it seems to us that you are possessed of self-control and thorough acquaintance with the holy books. It is, therefore, most proper that you should discourse to us in the magnanimous words full of wisdom.
Sanskrit: हंस उवाच एतत् कार्यममराः संश्रुतं मे धृतिः शमः सत्यधर्मानुवृत्तिः। ग्रन्धि विनीय हृदयस्य सर्वं प्रियाप्रिये चात्मसमं नयीत॥
English: The mendicant Rishi said O immortals, it has been heard by me that tranquility, self-control and the observance of true religion practiced until all the knots of one's heart be loosened bring for the agreeable and disagreeable to the level of one's own self.
Sanskrit: आक्रुश्यमानो नाक्रोशेन्मन्युरेव तितिक्षतः आक्रोष्टारं निर्दहति सुकृतं चास्य विन्दति॥
English: The man who is reviling should not be reviled; for, the pain that is felt by him who endures (the reviling) patiently consumes the reviler and draws away and assimilates the effect of his good deeds.
Sanskrit: नाक्रोशी स्यान्नावमानी परस्य मित्रद्रोही नोत नीचोपसेवी। न चाभिमानी न च हीनवृत्तो रुक्षां वाचं रुषती वर्जयीत॥
English: Do not revile others, nor insult them. Do not quarrel with friends, nor associate with the vulgar. Do not be vain, nor of bad manners; and avoid words that are harsh and those that proceed from passion.
Sanskrit: मर्माण्यस्थीनि हृदयं तथासून् रूक्षा वाचो निर्दहन्तीह पुंसाम्। तस्माद् वाचमुषती रूक्षरूपां धर्मारामो नित्यशो वर्जयीत॥
English: Harsh words burn the very vitals, bones, heart and the life of men. Therefore he that has virtue for his refuse should always avoid harsh and angry words.
Sanskrit: अरुन्तुदं परुष रूक्षवाचं वाक्कण्टकैर्वितुदन्तं मनुष्यान्। विद्यादलक्ष्मीकतमं जनानां मुखे निबद्धां निर्ऋतिं वै वहन्तम्॥
English: The luckless man who pierce the hearts of others by thorns of harsh words touching their vitals bears on his face the misery and death of all men.
Sanskrit: भृशं सुतीक्ष्णैरनलार्कदीप्तैः। स विध्यमानोऽप्यतिदह्यमानो विद्यात् कविः सुकृतं मे दधाति॥
English: A wise men pierced by sharp arrows of words from another and blazing like the fire or the sun should, though wounded and burning with extreme pain, bear all with patience, remembering that the effects of the slanderer's good deeds become his own.
Sanskrit: यदि सन्तं सेवति सद्यसन्तं तपस्विनं यदि वा स्तेनमेवा वासो यथा रङ्गवशं प्रयाति तथा स तेषां वशमभ्युपैति॥
English: According as a man serves a saint or as he is wicked or virtuous or a thief, so he becomes endued with the habits of his associates; even as a cloth comes to be of the same colour with the die in which it is soaked.
Sanskrit: अतिवादं न प्रवदेन वादयेद् योऽनाहतः प्रतिहन्यान्न घातयेत्। हन्तुं च यो नेच्छति पापकं वै तस्मै देवाः स्पृहयन्त्यागताय॥
English: The gods court the company of one who when reviled does not return nori induces others to return and who when struck does not strike in return or make others strike and who does not wish to injure his assailant.
Sanskrit: अव्याहृतं व्याहृताच्छ्रेय आहुः सत्यं वदेद् व्याहृतं तद् द्वितीयम्। प्रियं वदेद् व्याहृतं तत् तृतीयं धर्म वदेद् व्याहृतं तच्चतुर्थम्॥
English: Not to speak at all is better than speaking. Secondly, if you have to speak, tell the truth. Thirdly, if you have to speak the truth, speak what is agreeable; and fourthly, if you have to speak what is agreeable, speak what is conducive to morality.
Sanskrit: यादृशैः संनिविंशते यादृशांश्चोपसेवते। यादृगिच्छेच्च भवितुं तादृग् भवति पूरुषः॥
English: A man becomes like him with whom he associates or him whom he serves or him like whom he seeks to be.
Sanskrit: यतो यतो निवर्तते ततस्ततो विमुच्यते। निवर्तनाद्धि सर्वतो न वेत्ति दुःखमण्वपि॥
English: Those things one keeps himself away from; then he is freed from everything; and the slightest misery vanishes away.
Sanskrit: न जीयते चानुजिगीषतेऽन्यान् न वैरकृच्चाप्रतिघातकश्चा निन्दाप्रशंसासु समस्वभावो न शोचते हृष्यति नैव चायम्॥
English: (Such a man) does vanquish others nor is vanquished by them; he never appears as other's enemy, nor their assailant; his mind remains calm at praise or blame; and he is unmoved by praise or blame.
Sanskrit: भावमिच्छति सर्वस्य नाभावे कुरुते मनः। सत्यवादी मृदुर्दान्तो य: स उत्तमपूरुषः॥
English: He desires prosperity for all and does not set his heart on their adversity. He is truthful, mind and can keep himself under control. And also he is the best of men.
Sanskrit: नानर्थकं सान्त्वयति प्रतिज्ञाय ददाति च। रन्ध्र परस्य जानाति यः स मध्यमपूरुषः॥
English: He who does not seek to solace another by telling untruth and who having promised performs and who knows the weakness of others, is a man of the middling type.
Sanskrit: दुःशासनस्तूपहतोऽभिशस्तो नावर्तते मन्युवशात् कृतघ्नः। न कस्यचिन्मित्रमथो दुरात्मा कलाश्चैता अधमस्येह पुंसः॥
English: Hard to get under control, unable to wear a soft look, owing to rage, when wounded by arms, ungrateful and incapable of being anybody's friend-these are the signs of an inferior man is this world.
Sanskrit: न श्रद्दधाति कल्याणं परेभ्योऽप्यात्मशङ्कितः। निराकरोति मित्राणि यो वै सोऽधमपूरुषः॥।
English: He, who does not appreciates benefits coming from others and who drives away all his friends, is an inferior man.
Sanskrit: उत्तमानेव सेवेत प्राप्तकाले तु मध्यमान्। अधमांस्तु न सेवेत य इच्छेद् भूतिमात्मनः॥
English: He who desires prosperity for himself should serve good men and, on suitable occasions, men of the middling type; but he should never serve people of the inferior type.
Sanskrit: प्राप्नोति वै चित्तमसद्वलेन नित्योत्थानात् प्रज्ञया पौरुषेण। न त्वेव सम्यग् लभते प्रशंसा न वृत्तमाप्नोति महाकुलानाम्॥
English: An unrighteous man obtains wealth by force, by incessant efforts, by intelligence and by prowess; but he does not win fame, properly so called, nor the wealth (virtues) of those born in high families.
Sanskrit: धृतराष्ट्र उवाच महाकुलेभ्यः स्पृहयन्ति देवा धर्मार्थनित्याश्च बहुश्रुताश्चा पृच्छामि त्वां विदुर प्रश्नमेतं भवन्ति वै कानि महाकुलानि॥
English: Dhritarashtra said The gods prefer those born of high families, and so also those who equally recognise virtue and worldly good and those that are deeply learned. I ask you, O Vidura, this question, "Who are those born in high families?"
Sanskrit: विदुर उवाच तपो दमो ब्रह्मवित्तं वितानाः पुण्या विवाहाः सततान्नदानम्। येष्वेवैते सप्त गुणा वसन्ति सम्यग्वृत्तास्तानि महाकुलानि॥
English: Vidura said Devotion, self-control, knowledge in the Vedas, sacrificial ceremonies, marriages in proper form and incessant gift of food, the families, in which these seven practices exist in proper forms, are consider to be high.
Sanskrit: श्चित्तप्रसादेन चरन्ति धर्मम्। ते कीर्तिमिच्छन्ति कुले विशिष्टां त्यक्तानृतास्तानि महाकुलानि॥
English: Those, who do not deviate from the right path, whose forefathers are never pained (at their wrong doings), who practice virtue with cheerfulness of heart, who desire the increase of pure fame of their families, who avoid untruths, come from high families.
Sanskrit: अनिज्यया कुविवाहैर्वेदस्योत्सादनेन च। कुलान्यकुलतां यान्ति धर्मस्यातिक्रमेण च॥
English: By the non-performance of sacrifices and by the performance of impure marriages, by the leaving off of the study of the Vedas, high families become degenerated, as also by insults to the Brahmanas.
Sanskrit: देवद्रव्यविनाशेन ब्रह्मस्वहरणेन च। कुलान्यकुलतां यान्ति ब्राह्मणातिक्रमेण च॥
English: By destruction of the wealth of the celestials, stealing the wealth of Brahmana and by the transgression of conduct of them, persons belonging to the high family comes into a low category.
Sanskrit: ब्राह्मणानां परिभवात् परिवादाच्च भारत। कुलान्यकुलतां यान्ति न्यासापहरणेन च॥
English: By speaking ill of the Brahmanas and by insulting them, O Bharata, the high families as become degenerated, also by the misappropriation of what has been entrusted to them..
Sanskrit: कुलानि समुपेतानि गोभिः पुरुषतोऽर्थतः। कुलसंख्यां न गच्छन्ति यानि हीनानि वृत्ततः॥
English: Families, even possessing cows, members and wealth, are not reckoned among families, who are of bad manners.
Sanskrit: वृत्ततस्त्वविहीनानि कुलान्यल्पधनान्यपि। कुलसंख्यां च गच्छन्ति कर्षन्ति च महद् यशः॥
English: Families, that are not of bad manners, though possessing but little wealth, are reckoned among families; and they win great fame.
Sanskrit: वृत्तं यत्नेन संरक्षेद् वित्तमेति च याति च। अक्षीणो वित्ततः क्षीणो वृत्ततस्तु हतो हतः॥
English: Good manners should be preserved with care for wealth comes and it goes. Those who are week in wealth, are not poor; but those who are weak in good manners are considered to be SO.
Sanskrit: गोभिः पशुभिरश्चैश्च कृष्या च सुसमृद्धया। कुलानि न प्ररोहन्ति यानि हीनानि वृत्ततः॥
English: Families well possessed of knowledge, horses and other animals and agricultural produce are not worth regarding, if they are wanting in good manners.