pari-kulkarni/itihasa-sanskrit-en-filtered huggingface dataset:
Sanskrit: ततः कृतयुगे धर्मो नाधर्मो विद्यते क्वचित्। सर्वेषामेव वर्णानां नाधर्मे रमते मनः॥
English: Righteousness prevails in the Krita age. Nothing unrighteous exists then; the four orders are not inclined to take any pleasure in unrighteousness.
Sanskrit: योगक्षेमाः प्रवर्तन्ते प्रजानां नात्र संशयः। वैदिकानि च सर्वाणि भवन्त्यपि गुणान्युत॥
English: Forsooth, all men succeed in acquiring the objects they seek and preserving those that have been acquired. All the Vedic rites yield merit.
Sanskrit: ऋतवश्च सुखाः सर्वे भवन्त्युत निरामयाः। प्रसीदन्ति नराणां च स्वरवर्णमनांसि च॥
English: All the seasons are delightful and free from evil. The voice pronunciation, and minds of all men became clear and delightful.
Sanskrit: व्याधयो न भवन्त्यत्र नाल्पायुर्दृश्यते नरः। विधवा न भवन्त्यत्र कृपणो न तु जायते॥
English: Ailments disappear and all men enjoy long lives. Wives do not become widows, and no person becomes a miser.
Sanskrit: अकृष्टपच्या पृथिवी भवन्त्योषधयस्तथा। त्वक्पत्रफलमूलानि वीर्यवन्ति भवन्ति च॥
English: The Earth yield crops without being cultivated and herbs and plants grow abundantly. Barks, leaves, fruits, and roots, become strong and profuse.
Sanskrit: नाधर्मो विद्यते तत्र धर्म एव तु केवलम्। इति कार्तयुगानेतान् धर्मान् विद्धि युधिष्ठिर।॥
English: No unrighteousness is seen. Nothing but righteousness exists. These are the characteristics, O Yudhishthira, of the Krita.
Sanskrit: दण्डनीत्यां यदा राजा त्रीनंशाननुवर्तते। चतुर्थमंशमुत्सृज्य तदा त्रेता प्रवर्तते॥
English: When the king depends upon only three of the four parts of the science of punishment leaving out a fourth, the age called Treta sets in.
Sanskrit: अशुभस्य चतुर्थांशस्त्रीनंशाननुवर्तते। कृष्टपच्यैव पृथिवी भवन्त्योषधयस्तथा॥
English: A fourth part of unrighteousness sets in by the observance of the great science by threefourths. The Earth gives crops but waits for cultivation; the herbs and plants grow by cultivation.
Sanskrit: अर्धं त्यक्त्वा यदा राजा नीत्यर्धमनुवर्तते। ततस्तु द्वापरं नाम स कालः सम्प्रवर्तते॥
English: When the king follows the great science by only a half, leaving out the other half, then the age that sets in is called Dvapara.
Sanskrit: अशुभस्य यदा त्वधं द्वावंशावनुवर्तते। कृष्टपच्यैव पृथिवी भवत्यर्धफला तथा॥
English: A half of unrighteousness follows the observance of the great science by half. The Earth yields crops by half and that even by tillage.
Sanskrit: दण्डनीतिं परित्यज्य यदा कात्स्येन भूमिपः। प्रजाः क्लिश्नात्ययोगेन प्रवर्तेत तदा कलिः॥
English: When the king, leaving aside the great science altogether, oppresses his subjects by all manner and means the age that sets in is called Kali.
Sanskrit: कलावधर्मो भूयिष्ठं धर्मो भवति न क्वचित्। सर्वेषामेव वर्णानां स्वधर्माच्च्यवते मनः॥
English: During the age called Kali, unrighteousness assumes the full proportion and nothing of righteousness is seen. The hearts of men of all the orders, are disinclined to their respective duties.
Sanskrit: शूद्रा भैक्षेण जीवन्ति ब्राह्मणाः परिचर्यया। योगक्षेमस्य नाशश्च वर्तते वर्णसंकरः॥
English: Shudras live by adopting lives of mendicancy, and Brahmanas live by serving others. Men cannot acquire the objects they seek and preserve those already acquired. Intermixture of the four castes takes place.
Sanskrit: वैदिकानि च कर्माणि भवन्ति विगुणान्युत। ऋतवो न सुखाः सर्वे भवन्त्यामयिनस्तथा॥
English: Vedic rites fail to yield fruits. All the seasons eases to the delightful and visited by evils.
Sanskrit: ह्रसन्ति च मनुष्याणां स्वरवर्णमनांस्युत। व्याधयश्च भवन्त्यत्र म्रियन्ते च गतायुषः॥
English: The voice, pronunciation, and minds of men lose power. Diseases appear, and men die untimely.
Sanskrit: विधवाश्च भवन्त्यत्र नृशंसा जायते प्रजा। क्व चिद् वर्षति पर्जन्यः क्वचित् सस्यं प्ररोहति॥
English: Wives become widows, and many cruel men appear; the clouds do not rain in seasons and crops fail.
Sanskrit: रसाः सर्वे क्षयं यान्ति यदा नेच्छति भूमियः। प्रजाः संरक्षितुं सम्यग् दण्डनीतिसमाहितः॥
English: All kinds of moisture also fail, when the king does not, by duly following the great science, protect the subjects.
Sanskrit: कृतस्य करणाद् राजा स्वर्गमत्यन्तमश्नुते। त्रेतायाः करणाद् राजा स्वर्गं नात्यन्तमश्नुते॥
English: If he creates the Krita age, he acquires eternal heaven. If he creates the Treta age, he acquires heaven for a limited period.
Sanskrit: प्रवर्तनाद् द्वापरस्य यथाभागमुपाश्नुते। कलेः प्रवर्तनाद् राजा पापमत्यन्तमश्नुते॥
English: If he creates the Dvapara, he attains to blessedness in heaven in proportion to his merits. By creating the Kali age, the king incurs a heavy sin.
Sanskrit: ततो वसति दुष्कर्मा नरके शाश्वतीः समाः। प्रजानां कल्मषे मग्नोऽकीर्तिं पापं च विन्दति॥
English: Sullied by wickedness, he suffers in hell for numberless years, for being drowned in the sins of his subjects, he incurs great sin and infamy himself.
Sanskrit: दण्डनीतिं पुरस्कृत्य विजानन् क्षत्रियः सदा। अनवाप्तं च लिप्सेत लब्धं च परिपालयेत्॥
English: Following the great science the learned Kshatriya should try to acquire those objects which he seeks and protect those which he has already acquired.
Sanskrit: लोकस्य सीमन्तकरी मर्यादा लोकभाविनी। सम्यड्नीता दण्डनीतिर्यथा माता यथा पिता॥
English: The science of punishment, which establishes all men in the observance of their respective duties, which is the basis of all healthy distinctions, and which truly keeps up the world and sets it agoing if properly administered, protects all men like parents protecting their children.
Sanskrit: यस्यां भवन्ति भूतानि तद् विद्धि मनुजर्षभ। एष एव परो धर्मो यद् राजा दण्डनीतिमान्॥
English: Know, O foremost of men, that the very lives of creatures depend upon it. The greatest merit of a king consists in his acquaintance with the science of punishment and administering it properly.
Sanskrit: तस्मात् कौरव्य धर्मेण प्रजा: पालय नीतिमान्। एवंवृत्तः प्रजा रक्षन् स्वर्ग जेतासि दुर्जयम्॥
English: Therefore, O you of Kuru's race, protect your subjects righteously, with the help of that great science. By protecting your subjects and adopting such a conduct, you will, forsooth, attain to such blessedness in heaven which cannot be easily acquired.
Sanskrit: युधिष्ठिर उवाच केन वृत्तेन वृत्तज्ञ वर्तमानो महीपतिः। सुखेनार्थान् सुखोदर्कानिह च प्रेत्य चाप्नुयात्॥
English: Yudhishthira said By following what conduct, O you who are a master of every kind of behaviour, can a king succeed in easily acquiring, both in this world and in the next, objects which yield happiness in the end?
Sanskrit: भीष्म उवाच अयं गुणानां षट्त्रिंशत्पट्त्रिंशद्गुणसंयुतः। यान् गुणांस्तु गुणोपेतः कुर्वन् गुणमवाप्नुयात्॥
English: Bhishma said There are thirty-six virtues which a king should practise. There are another thirty-six related with these.. A virtuous person, by following these virtues, can certainly acquire great merit.
Sanskrit: रेद् धर्मानकटुको मुञ्चेत् स्नेहं न चास्तिकः। अनृशंसश्चरेदर्थं चरेत् काममनुद्धतः॥
English: The king should follow his duties without any malice. He should not cast off mercy. He should have faith. He should earn wealth without persecution and cruelty. He should seek pleasure without attachment.
Sanskrit: प्रियं ब्रूयादकृपणः शूरः स्यादविकत्थनः। दाता नापात्रवर्षी स्यात् प्रगल्भः स्यादनिष्ठुरः॥
English: He should cheerfully speak out what is pleasant, and be brave without brag. He should be liberal, but should not make gifts to unworthy persons. He should exercise power without cruelty.
Sanskrit: संदधीत न चानायैर्विगृह्णीयान्न बन्धुभिः। नाभक्तं चारयेच्चारं कुर्यात् कार्यमपीडया॥
English: He should make alliances, but not with the wicked. He should not act inimically towards his friends. He should never employ persons who are not devoted to him as his spies and secret emissaries. He should never accomplish his works by oppression.
Sanskrit: अर्थं ब्रूयान्न चासत्सु गुणान् ब्रूयान्न चात्मनः। आदद्यान्न च साधुभ्यो नासत्पुरुषमाश्रयेत्॥
English: He should never give out his purposes before the wicked persons. He should speak of the merits of others but never his own. He should take money from his subjects but never from those who are good. He should never take the assistance of wicked persons.
Sanskrit: नापरीक्ष्य नयेद् दण्डं न च मन्त्रं प्रकाशयेत्। विसृजेन्न च लुब्धेभ्यो विश्वसेन्नापकारिषु॥
English: He should never inflict punishment without making careful enquiry. He should never give out his counsels. He should distribute money, but not amongst covetous persons. He should place confidence in others, but never in those who have injured him.
Sanskrit: अनीर्षुर्गुप्तदारः स्याच्चोक्षः स्यादघृणी नृपः। स्त्रियः सेवेत नात्यर्थं मृष्टं भुञ्जीत नाहितम्॥
English: He should not entertain malice. He should protect his married wives. He should be pure and should not always be exercised by compassion. He should not seek too much female companionship. He should take wholesome food and never that which is bad.
Sanskrit: अस्तब्धः पूजयेन्मान्यान् गुरून् सेवेदमायया। अर्चेद् देवानदम्भेन श्रियमिच्छेदकुत्सिताम्॥
English: He should without pride pay respect to worthy persons, and serve his preceptors and seniors with sincerity. He should seek prosperity, but never do anything that brings calumny.
Sanskrit: सेवेत प्रणयं हित्वा दक्षः स्यान्न त्वकालवित्। सान्त्वयेन च मोक्षाय अनुगृह्णन्न चाक्षिपेत्॥
English: He should serve his elders with humility. He should be clever in business but should always wait for the opportune moment. He should solace men and never send them away with empty words. Having favoured a person, he should not case him off.
Sanskrit: प्रहरेन्न त्वविज्ञाय हत्वा शत्रून् न शोचयेत्। क्रोधं कुर्यान्न चाकस्मान्मृदुः स्यान्नापकारिषु॥
English: He should never strike in ignorance. Having killed his enemy he should never be sorry. He should display anger, but should never do so when there is no occasion. He should be mild, but never to the offenders.
Sanskrit: एवं चरस्व राज्यस्थो यदि श्रेय इहेच्छसि। अतोऽन्यथा नरपतिर्भयमृच्छत्यनुत्तमम्॥
English: Behave thus while ruling your kingdom if you wish to enjoy prosperity. The king that behaves otherwise is visited by great calamities.
Sanskrit: इति सर्वान् गुणानेतान् यथोक्तान् योऽनुवर्तते। अनुभूयेह भद्राणि प्रेत्य स्वर्गे महीयते॥
English: That king, who observes all these virtues that I have mentioned, enjoys many blessings of Earth and great rewards in heaven.'
Sanskrit: वैशम्पायन उवाच इदं वचः शान्तनवस्य शुश्रुवान् युधिष्ठिरः पाण्डवमुख्यसंवृतः। तदा ववन्दे च पितामहं नृपो यथोक्तमेतच्च चकार बुद्धिमान्॥
English: Vaishampayana said Hearing these words of Shantanu's son, king Yudhishthira, always obedient in receiving instructions, endued with great intelligence, and protected by Bhima and others, then adored his grandfather and from that time began to rule according to his dictates.
Sanskrit: युधिष्ठिर उवाच कथं राजा प्रजा रक्षन्नाधिबन्धेन युज्यते। धर्मेण नापराध्नोति तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह॥
English: Yudhishthira said Tell me, O grandfather, how should the king protect his subjects so as to be able to avoid grief and so as not to militate against fairness?
Sanskrit: भीष्म उवाच समासेनैव ते राजन् धर्मान् वक्ष्यामि शाश्वतान्। विस्तरेणैव धर्माणां न जात्वन्तमवाप्नुयात्॥
English: Bhishma said-'I shall recite in brief, O king, those eternal duties, for, if I were to mentioned them fully, I would never finish them.
Sanskrit: धर्मनिष्ठाश्रुतवतो वेदव्रतसमाहितान्। अर्चयित्वा यजेथास्त्वं गृहे गुणवतो द्विजान्॥
English: You should always worship those Brahmanas who are ardent in the performance of their duties, are learned, regular in adoring the gods, observant of high vows, and gifted with other accomplishments, when they come to your mansion, engage them in officiating in your sacrifices.
Sanskrit: प्रत्युत्थायोपसंगृह्य चरणावभिवाद्य च। अथ सर्वाणि कुर्वीथाः कार्याणि सपुरोहितः॥
English: With your priest accompanying you, you should rise up when they approach you, and touch and adore their feet, and do every other necessary act.
Sanskrit: धर्मकार्याणि निर्वर्त्य मङ्गलानि प्रयुज्य च। ब्राह्मणान् वाचयेथास्त्वमर्थसिद्धिजयाशिषः॥
English: Doing these acts of piety and performing other acts that are for your own well-being, you should (by presents) make those Brahmanas utter benedictions on you for the success of your object.
Sanskrit: आर्जवेन च सम्पन्नो धृत्या बुद्ध्या च भारत। यथार्थं प्रतिगृह्णीयात् कामक्रोधौ च वर्जयेत्॥
English: Gifted with sincerity, wisdom and intelligence, O Bharata, you should follow truth and avoid lust and anger.
Sanskrit: कामक्रोधौ पुरस्कृत्य योऽर्थं रजानुतिष्ठति। न स धर्मं न चाप्यर्थं प्रतिगृह्णाति बालिशः॥
English: That foolish king, who pursues Profit without being shorn of lust and anger, fails to win virtue and ultimately losses Profit as well.
Sanskrit: मा स्म लुब्धांश्च मूल्श्च च प्रयूयुजः। अलुब्धान् बुद्धिसम्पन्नान् सर्वकर्मसु योजयेत्॥
English: Never appoint persons covetous and foolish in matters of Pleasure and profit. You should always appointmen who are free from covetousness and intelligent.
Sanskrit: मूर्यो ह्यधिकृतोऽर्थेषु कार्याणामविशारदः। प्रजाः क्लिश्नात्ययोगेन कामक्रोधसमन्वितः॥
English: Possessed of lust and anger and raw in the transaction of business, foolish persons, if vested with power in matters of Profit, always oppress the people by various mischievous means,
Sanskrit: बलिषष्ठेन शुल्केन दण्डेनाथापराधिनाम्। शास्त्रानीतेन लिप्सेथा वेतनेन धनागमम्॥
English: With a sixth part, making a fair calculation of the produce of the soil, as his tribute, with fines and forfeitures collected from offenders, with the other taxes, according to the scriptures, upon merchants and traders in exchange for the safety granted to them, a king should fill his treasury.
Sanskrit: दापयित्वा कर धऱ्या राष्ट्र नीत्या यथाविधि। तथैतं कल्पयेद् राजा योगक्षेममतन्द्रितः॥
English: Realising these just taxes and governing the kingdom properly, the king should carefully act in such a way that his subjects may not suffer from want.
Sanskrit: गोपायितारं दातारं धर्मनित्यमतन्द्रितम्। अकामद्वेषसंयुक्तमनुरज्यन्ति मानवाः॥
English: Men become deeply attached to that king who satisfies the duty of protection properly, who is liberal, who is steady in the observance of righteousness, who is vigilant, and who is shorn of lust and hate.
Sanskrit: मा स्माधर्मेण लोभेन लिप्सेथास्त्वं धनागमम्। धर्मार्थावध्रुवौ तस्य यो न शास्त्रपरो भवेत्॥
English: Never desire to fill your treasury by acting unfairly or from covetousness. That king who does not follow the scriptures fails to acquire riches and religious merit.
Sanskrit: अपशास्त्रपरो राजा धर्मार्थान्नाधिगच्छति। अस्थाने चास्य तद् वित्तं सर्वमेव विनश्यति॥
English: That king, who is negligent about the means of acquiring riches, never succeeds in acquiring both religious merit and wealth. The wealth again that he acquires (by such means) is spent lavishly on unworthy objects.
Sanskrit: अर्थमूलोऽपि हिंसां च कुरुते स्वयमात्मनः। करैरशास्त्रदृष्टैर्हि मोहात् सम्पीडयन् प्रजाः॥
English: That avaricious king, who foolishly oppresses his subjects by levying taxes not sanctioned by scriptures, is said to wrong his own self.
Sanskrit: ऊपश्छिन्द्यात् तु यो धेन्वाः क्षीरार्थी न लभेत् पयः। एवं राष्ट्रमयोगेन पीडितं न विवर्धते॥
English: As a person wanting milk never gets any by cutting off the udders of a cow, similarly a kingdom, assailed by improper taxes, never gives any profit to the king.
Sanskrit: यो हि दोग्ध्रीमुपास्ते च स नित्यं विन्दते पयः। एव राष्ट्रमुपायेन भुञ्जानो लभते फलम्॥
English: He, who treats a milch cow with kindness, always obtains milk from it. Likewise the king, who rules his kingdom by proper means, gets much fruits from it.
Sanskrit: अथ राष्ट्रमुपायेन भुज्यमानं सुरक्षितम्। जनयत्यतुलां नित्यं कोशवृद्धिं युधिष्ठिर॥
English: By protecting a kingdom properly and ruling it judiciously a king, O Yudhishthira, may succeed in always acquiring immense wealth.
Sanskrit: दोग्ध्री धान्यं हिरण्यं च मही राज्ञा सुरक्षिता। नित्यं स्वेभ्यः परेभ्यश्च तृप्ता माता यथा पयः॥
English: The Earth, well protected by the king, yields crops and gold like a mother giving milk willingly to her child.
Sanskrit: मालाकारोपमो राजन् भव माऽऽङ्गारिकोपमः। तथायुक्तश्चिरं राज्यं भोक्तं शक्ष्यसि पालयन्॥
English: Follow the example, O king, of the flower vendor and not of the charcoalmaker. Acting thus and satisfying the duty of protection you may be able to enjoy the Earth for ever.
Sanskrit: परचक्राभियानेन यदि ते स्याद् धनक्षयः। अथ साम्नैव लिप्सेथा धनमब्राह्मणेषु यत्॥
English: If in attacking an enemy's kingdom your treasury is exhausted, you may replenish it by taking wealth from all except Brahmanas.
Sanskrit: मा स्म ते ब्राह्मणं दृष्ट्वा धनस्थं प्रचलेन्मनः। अन्त्यायामप्यवस्थायां किमु स्फीतस्य भारत।॥
English: Your heart should not be agitated even when you are in great distress, upon seeing Brahmanas having wealth. I need not mention then of what you should do when you are well off.
Sanskrit: धनानि तेभ्यो दद्यास्त्वं यथाशक्ति यथार्हतः। सान्त्वयन् परिरक्षश्च स्वर्गमाप्स्यसि दुर्जयम्॥
English: You should give them wealth to the best of your power and according to their worthiness, and protect them, comforting them at all times. By acting thus you may acquire regions which are acquired with difficulty.
Sanskrit: एवं धर्मेण वृत्तेन प्रजास्त्वं परिपालय। स्वन्तं पुण्यं यशो नित्यं प्राप्स्यसे कुरुनन्दन॥
English: Behaving thus virtuously you should protect your subjects. You may then acquire, O delighter of the Kurus, fame that is eternal, high, and pure.
Sanskrit: धर्मेण व्यवहारेण प्रजाः पालय पाण्डव। युधिष्ठिर यथा युक्तो नाधिबन्धेन योक्ष्यसे।॥
English: Protect your subjects piously, O son of Pandu, for you will then suffer no regret or pain.
Sanskrit: एष एव परो धर्मो यद् राजा रक्षति प्रजाः। भूतानां हि यथा धर्मो रक्षणं परमा दया॥
English: Protection of the subject is the greatest duty of the king, since mercy for all creatures and protecting them from injury has been said to be the highest merit.
Sanskrit: तस्मादेवं परं धर्मं मन्यन्ते धर्मकोविदाः। यो राजा रक्षणे युक्तो भूतेषु कुरुते दयाम्॥
English: Persons, conversant with duties, consider that to be the greatest merit of the king, when, engaged in protecting all creatures, he shows mercy towards them.
Sanskrit: यदह्ना कुरुते पापमरक्षन् भयतः प्रजाः। राजा वर्षसहस्रेण तस्यान्तमधिगच्छति॥
English: The sin, a king incurs by neglecting for a single day to protect his subjects from fear, is such that his sufferings are not terminated in hell till after a thousand years.
Sanskrit: यदह्ना कुरुते धर्मं प्रजा धर्मेण पालयन्। दशवर्षसहस्राणि तस्य भुक्ते फलं दिवि॥
English: The merit, of a king by protecting his subjects righteously for a single day, is such that he enjoys its reward in heaven for ten thousand years.
Sanskrit: स्विष्टिः स्वधीतिः सुतपा लोकाञ्जयति यावतः। क्षणेन तानवाप्नोति प्रजा धर्मेण पालयन्॥
English: A king, by only protecting his subjects virtuously, soon gains those regions that are acquired by persons leading duly the Garhasthya, the Brahmacharya, and the Vanaprastha modes of life.
Sanskrit: एवं धर्मं प्रयत्नेन कौन्तेय परिपालय। ततः पुण्यफलं लब्ध्वा नाधिबधेन योक्ष्यसे॥ स्वर्गलोके सुमहतीं श्रियं प्राप्स्यसि पाण्डव।
English: Do you, O son of Kunti, follow with great care this duty (of protection). You will then obtain the reward of righteousness and suffer no grief and pain. You shall,, O son of Pandu, obtain great prosperity in heaven.
Sanskrit: असम्भवश्च धर्माणामीदृशानामराजसु॥ तस्माद् राजैव नान्योऽस्ति यो धर्मफलमाप्नुयात्।
English: Persons who are not kings do not gain merit like this. A person, therefore, who is a king, and no other can earn such rewards of virtue.
Sanskrit: स राज्यं धृतिमान् प्राप्य धर्मेण परिपालय। इन्द्रं तर्पय सोमेन कामैश्च सुहृदो जनान्॥
English: Endued with intelligence, you have obtained a kingdom. Do you protect your subjects righteously. Please Indra with offerings of Soma and your friends and wellwishers with the objects they desire for.'
Sanskrit: भीष्म उवाच य एव तु सतो रक्षेदसतश्च निवर्तयेत्। स एव राज्ञः कर्तव्यो राजन् राजपुरोहितः॥
English: Bhishma said A king should appoint that person as his priest who would protect the good and punish the wicked.
Sanskrit: अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्। पुरूरवस ऐलस्य संवादं मातरिश्वनः॥
English: Regarding it is cited the old story about the discourse between Pururavas the son of Aila and Matarishvan.
Sanskrit: पुरूरवा उवाच कुत:स्विद् ब्राह्मणो जातो वर्णाश्चापि कुतस्त्रयः। कस्माच्च भवति श्रेष्ठस्तन्मे व्याख्यातुमर्हसि॥
English: Pururavas said Whence has the Brahmana originated and whence the three other orders? Why also has the Brahmana become the foremost? You should tell me all this.
Sanskrit: मातरिश्वोवाच ब्राह्मणो मुखतः सृष्टो ब्रह्मणो राजसत्तम। बाहुभ्यां क्षत्रियः सृष्ट ऊरुभ्यां वैश्य एव च।॥
English: Matarishvan answered The Brahmana. O best of kings, has originated from the mouth of Brahman. The Kshatriya has originated from his two arms, and the Vaishya from his two thighs.
Sanskrit: वर्णानां परिचर्यार्थं त्रयाणां भरतर्षभ। वर्णश्चतुर्थः पश्चात् तु पद्भ्यां शूद्रो विनिर्मितः॥
English: For serving these three orders, O king, a fourth order, viz., the Shudra, came into being created from the feet (of Brahman).
Sanskrit: ब्राह्मणो जायमानो हि पृथिव्यामनुजायते। ईश्वरः सर्वभूतानां धर्मकोशस्य गुप्तये॥
English: Thus created the Brahmana is born on Earth as the lord of all creatures, his duty being to preserve the Vedas and the other scriptures.
Sanskrit: अतः पृथिव्या यन्तारं क्षत्रियं दण्डधारिणम्। द्वितीयं वर्णमकरोत् प्रजानामनुगुप्तये॥
English: Then, for ruling the Earth and holding the rod of punishment and protecting all creatures, the second order, viz., the Kshatriya was created.
Sanskrit: वैश्यस्तु धनधान्येन त्रीन् वर्णान् विध्यादिमान्। शूद्रो ह्येतान् परिचरेदिति ब्रह्मानुशासनम्॥ ऐल उवाच
English: The Vaishya was created for supporting the two other orders and himself by cultivation and trade, and finally it was ordained by Brahman that the Shudra should serve the three orders as a servant.
Sanskrit: द्विजस्य क्षत्रबन्धोर्वा कस्येयं पृथिवी भवेत्। : सह वित्तेन सम्यग् वायो प्रचक्ष्व मे॥
English: Pururavas said Tell me, truly, O god of Wind, to whom does this Earth fairly belong, Does it belong to the Brahmana or to the Kshatriya.
Sanskrit: वायुरुवाच विप्रस्य सर्वमेवैतद् यत् किञ्चिज्जगतीगतम्। ज्येष्ठेनाभिजनेनेह तद्धर्मकुशला विदुः॥
English: The god of Wind said Everything that exists in the universe belongs to the Brahmana on account of his birth and precedence. Persons, conversant with morality, declare it.
Sanskrit: धर्मतः सह स्वमेव ब्राह्मणो भुक्ते स्वं वस्ते स्वं ददाति च। गुरुर्हि सर्ववर्णानां ज्येष्ठः श्रेष्ठश्च वै द्विजः॥
English: What the Brahmana eats is his own. The place he dwells is his own. What he gives away is his own. He deserves the respect of all the (other) orders. He is the first-born and the foremost.
Sanskrit: पत्यभावे यथैव स्त्री देवरं कुरुते पतिम्। एष ते प्रथमः कल्प आपद्यन्यो भवेत् ततः॥
English: As a woman, in the absence of her husband, marries his younger brother, even so the Earth, for the refusal of the Brahmana, has accepted his next-born, viz., the Kshatriya, for her master. This is the first rule. In times, however, of distress, there is exception of this.
Sanskrit: यदि स्वर्ग परं स्थानं स्वधर्मं परिमार्गसि। यत् किञ्चिज्जयसे भूमिं ब्राह्मणाय निवेदया॥ श्रुतवृत्तोपपन्नाय धर्मज्ञाय तपस्विने। स्वधर्मपरितृप्ताय यो न वित्तपरो भवेत्॥
English: If you try to satisfy the duties of your order and wish to acquire the highest place in heaven, then give to the Brahmana all the land you may conquer, to him who is learned and of virtuous conduct, who is conversant with duties and observant of penances, who is contented with the duties of his order and not covetous of wealth.
Sanskrit: यो राजानं नयेद् बुद्ध्या सर्वतः परिपूर्णया। ब्राह्मणो हि कुले जातः कृतप्रज्ञो विनीतवान्॥
English: The well-born Brahmana, wise and humble, guides the king in every matter by his own great intelligence.
Sanskrit: श्रेयो नयति राजानं ब्रुवंश्चित्रां सरस्वतीम्। राजा चरति यद् धर्मं ब्राह्मणेन निदर्शितम्॥
English: By sound advice he makes the king acquire prosperity. The Brahmana points out to the king his duties.
Sanskrit: शुश्रूषुरनहंवादी क्षत्रधर्मव्रते स्थितः। तावता सत्कृतः प्राज्ञश्चिरं यशसि तिष्ठति॥ तस्य धर्मस्य सर्वस्य भागी राजपुरोहितः।
English: As long as a wish king, observant of the duties of his order, and shorn of pride, is desirous of listening to the advice of the Brahmana, so long is he respected and so long does he enjoy fame. The priest of the king, therefore, partakes, of the merit that the king acquires.
Sanskrit: एवमेव प्रजाः सर्वा राजानमभिसंश्रिताः॥ सम्यग्वृत्ताः स्वधर्मस्था न कुतश्चिद् भयान्विताः।
English: When the king behaves himself thus, all his subjects, depending upon him, become virtuous in their behaviour, follow their duties, and are freed from every fear.