pari-kulkarni/itihasa-sanskrit-en-filtered huggingface dataset:
Sanskrit: भूमिवर्जं धनं राजा जित्वा राजन् महाहवे। अपि चान्नौषधीः शश्वदाजहार प्रतर्दनः॥
English: Defeating his enemies in great battle, King Pratardana took all their wealth, including their very grain and medicinal herbs, but left their land untouched.
Sanskrit: अग्निहोत्राग्निशेषं च हविर्भोजनमेव च। आजहार दिवोदासस्ततो विप्रकृतोऽभवत्॥
English: After subjugating his foes, King Divodasa brought away the very residue of their sacrificial fires, their clarified butter, and their food. Therefore he was deprived of the merit of his conquests.
Sanskrit: सराजकानि राष्ट्राणि नाभागो दक्षिणां ददौ। अन्यत्र श्रोत्रियस्वाच्च तापसार्थाच्च भारत॥
English: King Nabhaga gave away whole kingdoms with their rulers as sacrificial presents to the Brahmanas, save the wealth of learned Brahmanas and ascetics.
Sanskrit: उच्चावचानि वित्तानि धर्मज्ञानां युधिष्ठिर। आसन् राज्ञां पुराणानां सर्वं तन्मम रोचते॥
English: The conduct, O Yudhishthira, of all the righteous kings of yore, was excellent, and I approve of it wholly.
Sanskrit: सर्वविद्यातिरेकेण जयमिच्छेन्महीपतिः। न मायया न दम्भेन य इच्छेद् भूतिमात्मनः॥
English: That king who wishes for his own prosperity should try to make conquests by fair means, but never with deceit but ones on or with pride.'
Sanskrit: युधिष्ठिर उवाच क्षत्रधर्माद्धि पापीयान्न धर्मोऽस्ति नराधिप। अपयानेन युद्धेन राजा हन्ति महाजनम्॥
English: Yudhishthira said No action O king, is more sinful than that of the Kshatriyas! While marching or in battle, the king destroys the Vaishyas.
Sanskrit: अथ स्म कर्मणा केन लोकान् जयति पार्थिवः। विद्वन् जिज्ञासमानाय प्रबूहि भरतर्षभ॥
English: By what acts then does the king acquire blessed regions? O foremost of Bharata's race, enlighten me on this, O learned one, I am as anxious to know.
Sanskrit: भीष्म उवाच निग्रहेण च पापानां साधूनां संग्रहेण च। यज्ञैर्दानैश्च राजानो भवन्ति शुचयोऽमलाः॥
English: Bhishma said By punishing the wicked, by winning over and maintaining the good, by sacrifices and gifts, kings become pure and cleansed.
Sanskrit: उपरुन्धन्ति राजानो भूतानि विजयार्थिनः। त एव विजयं प्राप्य वर्धयन्ति पुनः प्रजाः॥
English: It is true, kings, desirous of victory, torture many creatures, but after victory they secure the advancement of all,
Sanskrit: अपविध्यन्ति पापानि दानयज्ञतपोबलैः। अनुग्रहाय भूतानां पुण्यमेषां विवर्धते॥
English: By the power of gifts, sacrifices, and penances, they dissipate their sins, and their merit increases so that they may be able to do good to all creatures.
Sanskrit: यथैव क्षेत्रनिर्याता निर्यातं क्षेत्रमेव च। हिनस्ति धान्यं कक्षं च न च धान्यं विनश्यति॥
English: For reclaiming a field, the reclaimer takes up both paddy blades and weeds. His course, however, instead, of destroying the blades of paddy, he makes them grow more vigorously.
Sanskrit: एवं शस्त्राणि मुञ्चन्तो प्रन्ति वध्याननेकथा। तस्यैषां निष्कृतिः कृत्स्ना भूतानां भावनं पुनः॥
English: Those, who use weapons, destroy many who deserve to be killed. Such wholesale destruction, however, helps the growth and advancement of the remnant.
Sanskrit: यो भूतानि धनाक्रान्त्या वधात् क्लेशाच्च रक्षति। दस्युभ्यः प्राणदानात् स धनदः सुखदो विराट्॥
English: He who protects people from plunder, destruction, and affliction, he, for thus saving their lives from robbers, is regarded as the giver of wealth, of life, and of food.
Sanskrit: स सर्वयज्ञैरीजानो राजाथाभयदक्षिणैः। अनुभूयेह भद्राणि प्राप्नोतीन्द्रसलोकताम्॥
English: Therefore, by thus worshipping the gods by means of a union of all sacrifices whose Dakshina is the removing of every body's fear, the king enjoys every king of happiness here and lives with Indra in heaven hereafter.
Sanskrit: ब्राह्मणार्थे समुत्पन्ने योऽरिभिः सृत्य युध्यति। आत्मानं यूपमुत्सृज्य स यज्ञोऽनन्तदक्षिणः॥
English: That king, who, going out, fights his enemies in battles that have arisen for the sake of Brahmanas, and sacrifices his life, is regarded as the embodiment of a sacrifice with endless presents.
Sanskrit: अभीतो विकिरशत्रून् प्रतिगृह्य शरांस्तथा। न तस्मात्रिदशा:श्रेयो भुवि पश्यन्ति किञ्चन॥
English: If a king, with his quivers full of arrows, shoots them fearlessly at his enemies, the very gods do not see any one superior to his on Earth.
Sanskrit: तस्य शस्त्राणि यावन्ति त्वचं भिन्दन्ति संयुगे। तावतः सोऽश्नुते लोकान् सर्वकामदुहोऽक्षयान्॥
English: In such a case, regions eternal and capable of granting every desire proportionate to the number of arrows he discharges for wounding the enemies, await him.
Sanskrit: यदस्य रुधिरं गात्रादाहये सम्प्रवर्तते। सह तेनैव रक्तेन सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते॥
English: The blood that flows from his body purges him off of all his sins along with the very pain that he feels then.
Sanskrit: यानि दुःखानि सहते क्षत्रियो युधि तापितः। तेन तेन तपो भूय इति धर्मविदो विदुः॥
English: Persons well read in the scriptures say that the pains a Kshatriya suffers in battle act as penances for increasing his merit.
Sanskrit: पृष्ठतो भीरवः संख्ये वर्तन्तेऽधर्मपूरुषाः। शूराच्छरणमिच्छन्तः पर्जन्यादिव जीवनम्॥
English: Righteous persons, stricken with fear, stay in the rear, begging for life from heroes that have rushed to battle, even as men pray for rain from the clouds.
Sanskrit: यदि शूरस्तथा क्षेमं प्रतिरक्षेद् यथाभये। प्रतिरूपं जनं कुर्यान्न चेत् तद्वर्तते तथा॥
English: Without allowing the solicitors to incur the dangers of battle, if those heroes place them in the rear by themselves facing those dangers and defend them at that time of fear, they acquire great merit.
Sanskrit: यदि ते कृतमाज्ञाय नमस्कुर्युः सदैवतम्। युक्तं न्याय्यं च कुर्युस्ते न च तद् वर्तते तथा॥
English: And, if appreciating that act of bravery, those timid persons always respect those defenders, they do simply what is proper and just. By acting otherwise they cannot overcome fear.
Sanskrit: पुरुषाणां समानानां दृश्यते महदन्तरम्। संग्रामेऽनीकवेलायामुत्क्रुष्टेऽभिपतन्त्युत॥
English: There is really a great difference between men who seem outwardly equal. Some rush to battle, arnid its dreadful din, against armed enemies.
Sanskrit: पतत्यभिमुखः शूरः परान् भीरुः पलायते। आस्थाय स्वय॑मध्वानं सहायान् विषमे त्यजेत्॥
English: Indeed, it is the hero who only rushes against crowds of enemies, that leads him to the road to heaven. The coward, on the contrary, stricken with fear, seeks safety in flight, leaving behind his comrades in danger.
Sanskrit: मा स्म तांस्तादृशांस्तात जनिष्ठाः पुरुषाधमान्। ये सहायान् रणे हित्वा स्वस्तिमन्तो गृहान् ययुः॥ अस्वस्ति तेभ्यः कुर्वन्ति देवा इन्द्रपुरोगमाः। त्यागेन यः सहायानां स्वान् प्राणांस्त्रातुमिच्छति।॥ तं हन्युः काष्ठलोष्ठैर्वा दहेयुर्वा कटाग्निना। पशुवन्मारयेयुर्वा क्षत्रिया ये स्युरीदृशाः॥
English: Let not such wretches of men be born in your family! The very gods headed by Indra send calamities to them who leave behind their comrades in battle and come home unscathed and uninjured. He who desires to save his own life by leaving behind his comrades, should be killed with sticks or stones or rolled in a mat of dry grass for being burnt to death. The Kshatriyas who would be guilty of slich conduct should be slain like animals.
Sanskrit: अधर्मः क्षत्रियस्यैष यच्छय्यामरणं भवेत्। विसृजश्लेष्ममूत्राणि कृपणं परिदेवयन्॥
English: Quiet death on a bed, after throwing out phlegm and urine and uttering piteous cries, is sinful for a Kshatriya.
Sanskrit: अविक्षतेन देहेन प्रलयं योऽधिगच्छति। क्षत्रियो नास्य तत् कर्म प्रशंसन्ति पुराविदः॥
English: Persons well-read in the scriptures do not praise the death of a Kshatriya with unwounded body.
Sanskrit: न गृहे मरणं तात क्षत्रियाणां प्रशस्यते। शौटीराणामशौटीर्यमधर्म कृपणं च तत्॥
English: The death of a Kshatriya at home is not praiseworthy. They are heroes. Any unheroic act on their part is sinful and censurable.
Sanskrit: इदं दुःखं महत् कष्टं पापीय इति नष्टनन्। प्रतिध्वस्तमुखः पूतिरमात्याननुशोचयन्॥
English: In disease, people hear one crying,-What। sorrow! How painful! I must be a great sinner! : With face emaciated and bad smell coming out of his body and clothes, the sick man drowns his relatives into grief.
Sanskrit: अरोगाणां स्पृहयते मुहुर्मृत्युमपीच्छति। वीरो दृप्तोऽभिमानी च नेदृशं मृत्युमर्हति॥
English: Hankering after the condition of healthy men, such a man again and again desires for death itself. A hero, having dignity and pride, does not deserve such an inglorious death.
Sanskrit: रणेषु कदनं कृत्वा ज्ञातिभिः परिवारितः। तीक्ष्णैः शस्त्रैरभिक्लिष्टः क्षत्रियो मृत्युमर्हति॥
English: Surrounded by kinsmen and killing his enemies in battle, a Kshatriya should die at the edge of keen weapons.
Sanskrit: शूरो हि काममन्युभ्यामाविष्टो युद्ध्यते भृशम्। हन्यमानानि गात्राणि परैर्नैवावबुध्यते॥
English: Actuated by lustful desire and filled with rage, a hero fights furiously and does not feel the wounds inflicted on his person by enemies.
Sanskrit: स संख्ये निधनं प्राप्य प्रशस्तं लोकपूजितम्। स्वधर्मं विपुलं प्राप्य शक्रस्येति सलोकताम्॥
English: Meeting with death in battle, he acquires great merit, fame and the respect of the world which belongs to his order and in the end lives with Indra in heaven.
Sanskrit: सर्वोपायै रणमुखमातिष्ठंस्त्यक्तजीवितः। प्राप्नोतीन्द्रस्य सालोक्यं शूरः पृष्ठमदर्शयन्॥
English: The hero, by not retreating from battle and fighting by every means in his power, careless of life itself, at the van of battle, lives with Indra.
Sanskrit: यत्र यत्र हतः शूरः शत्रुभिः परिवारितः। अक्षयाँल्लभते लोकान् यदि दैन्यं न सेवते॥
English: Wherever the hero has met with death in the inidst of enemies without showing ignoble fear or cheerlessness, he has succeeded in acquiring blessed regions hereafter.
Sanskrit: युधिष्ठिर उवाच के लोका युध्यमानानां शूराणामनिवर्तिनाम्। भवन्ति निधनं प्राप्य तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह॥
English: Yudhishthira said Tell me, O grandfather, what regions are earned by unretreating heroes by meeting with death in battle! Bhishma said
Sanskrit: भीष्म उवाच अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्। अम्बरीषस्य संवादमिन्द्रस्य च युधिष्ठिर॥
English: 'Regarding it, O Yudhishthira, is cited the old story of the discourse between Ambarisha and Indra.
Sanskrit: अम्बरीषो हि नाभागिः स्वर्गं गत्वा सुदुर्लभम्। ददर्श सुरलोकस्थं शक्रेण सचिवं सह॥
English: Having gone to heaven that is so difficult of acquisition, Ambarisha, the son of Nabhaga, saw his own commander in chief in those celestial regions in the company of Indra.
Sanskrit: सर्वतेजोमयं दिव्यं विमानवरमास्थितम्। उपर्युपरि गच्छन्तं स्वं वै सेनापतिं प्रभुम्॥
English: The king saw his powerful general shining with every kind of energy, gifted with celestial forin, seated on a very beautiful car, and going up and up towards still higher regions.
Sanskrit: स दृष्ट्वोपरि गच्छन्तं सेनापतिमुदारधीः। ऋद्धिं दृष्ट्वा सुदेवस्य विस्मितः प्राह वासवम्॥
English: Witnessing the prosperity of his general Sudeva, and observing how he passed through regions that were still higher, the great Ambarisha, stricken with wonder addressed Vasava, in the following manner.
Sanskrit: अम्बरीष उवाच सागरान्तां महीं कृत्स्नामनुशास्य यथाविधि। चातुर्वण्र्ये यथाशास्त्रं प्रवृत्तौ धर्मकाम्यया॥ ब्रह्मचर्येण घोरेण गुर्वाचारेण सेवया। वेदानधीत्य धर्मेण राजशास्त्रं च केवलम्॥ अतिथीनन्नपानेन पितृ॑श्च स्वधया तथा। ऋषीन् स्वाध्यायदीक्षाभिर्देवान् यज्ञैरनुत्तमैः॥ क्षत्रधर्मे स्थितो भूत्वा यथाशास्त्रं यथाविधि। उदीक्षमाणः पृतनां जयामि युधि वासव॥
English: Ambarisha said Having properly governed the entire Earth bounded by the oceans, having from desire of acquiring religious merit practised all those duties which are common to the four orders as sanctioned by the scriptures, having practised with rigid austerity all the duties of the Brahmacharya mode, having waited with obedience upon the preceptors and other reverend elders, having studied properly the Vedas and the scriptures treating on royal duties, having pleased the guests with food and drink, the Pitris with offerings in Shraddhas, the Rishis with attentive study of the scriptures and with initiation and the gods with many good and high sacrifices, having duly followed Kshatriya duties according to the injunctions of the scriptures, having looked fearlessly at hostile troops, I acquired many victories in battle, O Vasava.
Sanskrit: देवराज सुदेवोऽयं मम सेनापतिः पुरा। आसीद् योधः प्रशान्तात्मा सोऽयं कस्मादतीव माम्।।१०
English: This Sudeva, O king of the deities, was formerly the commander-in-chief of my army. It is true, he was a warrior of a controlled soul. For what reason, however, has he succeeded in superseding me?
Sanskrit: अनेन क्रतुभिर्मुख्यैर्नेष्टं नापि द्विजातयः। तर्पिता विधिवच्छक सोऽयं कस्मादतीव माम्॥
English: He never adored the gods in high and great sacrifices. He never pleased the Brahmanas according to the ordinance. Why then, has he succeeded in superseding me?
Sanskrit: इन्द्र उवाच एतस्य विततस्तात सुदेवस्य बभूव ह। संग्रामयज्ञः सुमहान् यश्चान्यो युद्ध्यते नरः॥
English: Indra said About this Sudeva, Osire, the great sacrifice of battle had often been performed by him. And such becomes the case with every other man who engages himself in battle.
Sanskrit: संनद्धो दीक्षितः सर्वो योधः प्राप्त चमूमुखम्। युद्धयज्ञाधिकारस्थो भवतीति विनिश्चयः॥
English: Every warrior clad a in coat of mail by advancing against enemies in battle, becomes installed in that sacrifice. Indeed, it is settled that such a person, by acting in this wise is regarded as the performer of the sacrifice of battle.
Sanskrit: अम्बरीष उवाच कानि यज्ञे हवींष्यस्मिन् किमाज्यं का च दक्षिणा। ऋत्विजश्चात्र के प्रोक्तास्तन्मे ब्रूहि शतक्रतो॥
English: Ambarisha said What are the libations in that sacrifice? What are its liquid offerings? What is its Dakshina? Who, again, are its Ritwijas? Tell me all this, Operformer of a hundred sacrifices.
Sanskrit: इन्द्र उवाच इत्विजः कुञ्जरास्तत्र वाजिनोऽध्वर्यवस्तथा! हवींषि परमांसानि रुधिरं त्वाज्यमुच्यते॥
English: Elephants are the Ritwijas of that sacrifice, and horses are its Adhyaryus. The flesh of foes are its libations, and blood is its liquid offering.
Sanskrit: शृगालगृध्रकाकोला: सदस्यास्तत्र पत्रिणः। आज्यशेषं पिबन्त्येते हविः प्रा श्नन्ति चाध्वरे॥
English: Jackals, vultures, and ravens, winged arrows are its Sadasyas. These drink the residue of the liquid offering in this sacrifice and eat the remnants of its libations. as also
Sanskrit: प्रासतोमरसंघाताः खड्गशक्तिपरश्वधाः। ज्वलन्तो निशिताः पीताः स्त्रुचस्तस्याथ सत्रिणः॥
English: Masses of blazing, sharp, and welltempered, lances and spears, of swords and darts and axes from the ladles of the sacrificer.
Sanskrit: चापवेगायतस्तीक्ष्णः परकायावभेदनः। ऋजुः सुनिशितः पीतः सायकश्च स्रुवो महान्॥
English: Straight, sharp, and well-tempered shafts, with keen points and capable of piercing the bodies of enemies, shot off well-stretched bows, from its large double mouthed ladles.
Sanskrit: द्वीपीचर्मावनद्धश्च नागदन्तकृतत्सरुः। हस्तिहस्तहरः खड्गः सूयो भवेत् तस्य संयुगे॥
English: Sheathed in scabbard made of tiger-skin and equip with in ivory handle, and capable of cutting off the elephant's trunk, the sword forms the wooden-stick of this sacrifice.
Sanskrit: ज्वलितैर्निशितैः प्रासशक्त्यृष्टिसपरश्वधैः। शैक्यायसमयैस्तीक्ष्णैरभिघातो भवेद् वसु॥ संख्यासमयविस्तीर्णमभिजातोद्भवं बहु।
English: The strokes inflicted with shining and keen lances and darts and swords and axes, all made of hard iron, from its profuse wealth collected from the respectable people by agreement regarding the amount and period.
Sanskrit: आवेगाद् यच्च रुधिरं संग्रामे स्रवते भुवि॥ सास्य पूर्णाहुति)मे समृद्धा सर्वकामधुक्।
English: The blood that runs over the field for the fury of that attack, forms the final libation, which yields great merit and is capable of granting every wish in the Homa of this sacrifice.
Sanskrit: छिन्धि भिन्धीति यः शब्दः श्रुयते वाहिनीमुखे॥ सामानि सामगास्तस्य गायन्ति यमसादने।
English: 'Cut, Pierce,' and such other sounds, that are heard in the front ranks of the army, are the Samans sung by its Vedic chanters in the abode of Yama.
Sanskrit: परेषां वाहिनीमुखम्॥ कुञ्जराणां हयानां च वर्मिणां च समुच्चयः। हविर्धानं तु तस्याहुः अग्निः श्येनचितो नाम स च यज्ञे विधीयते॥
English: The front ranks of the enemy's army form the vessel for keeping libations. The number of elephant and horses and men equipt with shields form the Shyenachit fire of that sacrifice.
Sanskrit: उत्तिष्ठते कबन्धोऽत्र सहस्र निहते तु यः। स यूपस्तस्य शूरस्य खादिरोऽशस्त्रिरुच्यते॥
English: The headless trunks that rise up after thousands have been killed from the octagonal stake, made of Khadira wood, for the hero who celebrates that sacrifice.
Sanskrit: इडोपहूताः क्रोशन्ति कुञ्जरास्त्वंकुशेरिताः। व्याघुश्तलनादेव वषट्कारेण पार्थिव॥ उद्गाता तत्र सग्रामे त्रिसामा दुन्दुभिर्नृप।
English: The cries of the elephant when urged on with hooks, form its Ida Mantras. The kettledrums, with the striking of palms forming the Vashats, O king, are its Trisaman Udgatri.
Sanskrit: ब्रह्मस्व ह्रियमाणे तु त्यक्त्वा युद्धे प्रियां तनुम्॥ आत्मानं यूपमुत्सृज्य स यज्ञोऽनन्तदक्षिणः।
English: When the property of a Brahmana is being taken away, he who renounces his dear body for protecting that property, does, by that act of self-devotion, acquire the merit of a sacrifice accompanied with numberless presents.
Sanskrit: भर्तुरर्थे च यः शूरो विक्रमेद् वाहिनीमुखे॥ न भयाद् विनिवर्तेत तस्य लोका यथा मम।
English: That hero, who, for sake of his master, shows prowess at the van of the array and does not retreat through fear, acquires those re of happiness that are mine.
Sanskrit: नीलचर्मावृतैः खड्नैर्बाहुभिः परिघोपमैः॥ यस्य वेदिरुपस्तीर्णा तस्य लोका यथा मम।
English: He, who covers the altar of the sacrifice formed by battle, with swords cased in bluescabbards and severed arms resembling heavy bludgeons, acquires the happy regions like mine.
Sanskrit: यस्तु नापेक्षते कंचित् सहायं विजये स्थितः॥ विगाह्य वाहिनीमध्यं तस्य लोका यथा मम।
English: That warrior, who determined upon gaining victory, enters into the midst of the enemy's ranks without waiting for any help, acquires happy regions like mine.
Sanskrit: यस्य शोणितसंघाता भेरीमण्डूककच्छपा।॥ वीरास्थिशर्करा दुर्गा मांसशोणितकर्दमा। असिचर्मप्लवा घोरा केशशैवलशाद्वला॥ अश्वनागरथैश्चैव संच्छिन्नैः कृतसंक्रमा। पताकाध्वजवानीरा हतवारणवाहिनी॥ शोणितोदा सुसम्पूर्णा दुस्तरा पारगैर्नरैः। हतनागमहानका परलोकवहाशिवा॥ ऋश्खिड्गमहानौका गृध्रकङ्कबलप्लवा। पुरुषादानुचरिता भीरूणां कश्मलावहा॥ नदी योधस्य संग्रामे तदस्यावभृथं स्मृतम्।
English: That warrior, who in battle makes a river of blood to flow, dreadful and difficult to cross, having kettle,-drums for its frogs and tortoises, the bones of heroes for its sands, blood and flesh for its mire, swords and shields for its rafts, the hair of killed warriors for its floating weeds and moss, the number of horses and elephants and cars for its bridges, standards and banners for its bushes of cane, the bodies of killed elephants for its boats and huge alligators, swords and scimitars for its larger vessels, vultures and Kankas and ravens for the rafts that float upon it,—that warrior, who causes such a river, which can with difficulty be crossed by even those who are courageous and powerful and which terrorises all timid men, is said to complete the sacrifice by performing the final ablutions.
Sanskrit: वेदिर्यस्य त्वमित्राणां शिरोभ्यश्च प्रकीर्यते॥ अश्वस्कन्धैर्गजस्कन्धेस्तस्य लोका यथा मम।
English: That hero, whose altar is covered with the heads of foes, of horses, and of elephants, acquires regions of felicity like mine.
Sanskrit: पत्नीशाला कृता यस्य परेषां वाहिनीमुखम्॥ हविर्धानं स्ववाहिन्यास्तदस्याहुर्मनीषिणः। सदस्या दक्षिणा योधा आग्नीध्रश्चोत्तरां दिशम्॥ शत्रुसेनाकलत्रस्य सर्वलोका न दूरतः।
English: The sages have said that warrior, who considers the van of the hostile army as the quarters of his wives, who regards the van of his own army as the vessel for the preservation of sacrificial offerings, who takes the warriors standing to his south for his courtiers and those to this north as his holders of fire, and who regards the hostile army as his married wife, succeeds in acquiring all regions of felicity.
Sanskrit: यदा तूभयतो व्यूहे भवत्याकाशमग्रतः॥ सास्य वेदिस्तदा यज्ञैर्नित्यं वेदास्त्रयोऽग्नयः।
English: The open space, lying between two armies drawn up for fight, forms the altar of such as sacrificer, and the three Vedas are his three sacrificial fires. Upon that altar, helped by the recitation of the Vedas, he celebrates his sacrifice.
Sanskrit: यस्तु योधः परावृत्तः संत्रस्तो हन्यते परैः॥ अप्रतिष्ठः स नरकं याति नास्त्यत्र संशयः।
English: That infamous warrior, who retreating from the fight in fear, is killed by foes, sinks into hell. There is no doubt in this.
Sanskrit: यस्य शोणितवेगेन वेदिः स्यात् सम्परिप्लुता॥ केशमांसास्थिसम्पूर्णा स गच्छेत् परमां गतिम्।
English: That warrior, on the other hand, whose blood drenches the sacrificial altar already covered with hair and flesh and bones, forsooth, succeeds in acquiring a glorious end.
Sanskrit: यस्तु सेनापतिं हत्वा तद्यानमधिरोहति॥ स विष्णुविक्रमकामी बृहस्पतिसमः प्रभुः।
English: That powerful warrior, who, having killed the commander of the hostile army, gets upon the car of his fallen antagonist, is considered as powerful as Vishnu himself and as intelligent as Brihaspati, the preceptor of the gods.
Sanskrit: नायकं तत्कुमारं वा यो वा स्याद् यत्र पूजितः॥ जीवग्राहं प्रगृह्णाति तस्य लोका यथा मम।
English: That warrior, who can capture alive the commander of the hostile army or his son or some other respected leader, acquires regions of felicity like mine.
Sanskrit: आहवे तु हतं शूरं न शोचेत कथंचन॥ अशोच्यो हि हतः शूरः स्वर्गलोके महीयते।
English: One should never lament for a hero killed in battle. A killed hero, if nobody grieves for him, goes to heaven and acquires the respect of its residents.
Sanskrit: न ह्यनं नोदकं तस्य न स्नानं नाप्यशौचकम्॥ हतस्य कर्तुमिच्छन्ति तस्य लोकाशृणुष्व मे।
English: Men do not wish to give food and drink. Nor do they bathe nor enter into mourning for him. Listen to me as I describe the happiness that is in store for such a person.
Sanskrit: वराप्सरः सहस्राणि शूरमायोधने हतम्॥ त्वरमाणाभिधावन्ति मम भर्ता भवेदिति। एतत् तपश्च पुण्यं च धर्मश्चैव सनातनः॥ चत्वारश्चाश्रमास्तस्य यो युद्धमनुपालयेत्।
English: Thousands of leading nymphs, go out speedily coveting him for their lord. That Kshatriya, who duly observes his duty in battle, wins by that act the merits of penances and of righteousness. Indeed, such conduct on his part is quite of a piece with the eternal path of duty. Such a man acquires the merits of all the four modes of life.
Sanskrit: वृद्धबालौ न हन्तव्यौ न च स्त्री नैव पृष्ठतः॥ तृणपूर्णमुखश्चैव तवास्मीति च यो वदेत्।
English: The aged and the children should not be killed; nor a woman nor one who is flying away; nor one that holds a straw in his lips (sign of unconditional surrender); nor one who says—I am yours.
Sanskrit: जम्भं वृत्रं बलं पाकं शतमायं विरोचनम्॥ दुर्वार्यं चैव नमुचिं नैकमायं च शम्बरम्। विप्रचित्तिं च दैतेयं दनोः पुत्रांश्च सर्वशः। प्रह्लादं च निहत्याजौ ततो देवाधिपोऽभवम्॥
English: Having killed in battle Jambha, Vritra, Vala, Paka, Shatamaya, Virochana, the irresistible Namuchi, Shamvara of numberless illusions, Viprachitti.—all these sons of Diti and Danu,-as also Prahlada, I myself have become the king of the gods.
Sanskrit: भीष्म उवाच इत्येतच्छक्रवचनं निशम्य प्रतिगृह्य च। योधानामात्मनः सिद्धिमम्बरीषोऽभिपन्नवान्॥
English: Bhishma continued Hearing these words of Shakra and approving of them, king Ambarisha understood how warriors succeed in achieving success for themselves.
Sanskrit: भीष्म उवाच अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्। प्रतर्दनो मैथिलश्च संग्रामं यत्र चक्रतुः॥
English: Regarding it is cited the old story of the battle between Pratardana and the king of Mithila.
Sanskrit: यज्ञोपवीती संग्रामे जनको मैथिलो यथा। योधानुद्धर्षयामास तन्निबोध युधिष्ठिर॥
English: The king of Mithila, viz., Janaka, after installation in the sacrifice of battle, pleased all his soldiers. Listen to me, O Yudhishthira, as I relate the story.
Sanskrit: जनको मैथिलो राजा महात्मा सर्वतत्त्ववित्। योधान् स्वान् दर्शयामास स्वर्ग नरकमेव च॥
English: Janaka, the great great king of Mithila, conversant with the truth of everything, showed both heaven and hell to his own warriors.
Sanskrit: अभीरूणामिमे लोका भास्वन्तो हन्त पश्यत। पूर्णा गन्धर्वकन्याभिः सर्वकामदुहोऽक्षयाः॥
English: He addressed them, saying-Look, these are the effulgent regions, reserved for those who fight fearlessly! Abounding with Gandharva girls, those regions are eternal and capable of granting every desire.
Sanskrit: इमे पलायमानानां नरकाः प्रत्युपस्थिताः। अकीर्तिः शाश्वती चैव यतितव्यमनन्तरम्॥
English: There, on the other side, are the regions of hell, reserved for those who retreat from battle! they would have to rot there for ever in everlasting shame.