pari-kulkarni/itihasa-sanskrit-en-filtered huggingface dataset:
Sanskrit: विपरीतश्च मे शत्रुर्नियम्यश्च भवेन्नरः। पितृवृत्तेषु चाहःसु पुत्राणां श्राद्धकर्मणि॥ सुहृदां चैव सर्वेषां यावदस्य चिकीर्षितम्। ततः स राजा कौरव्यो धृतराष्ट्रो महामनाः॥ ब्राह्मणेभ्यो यथार्हेभ्यो ददौ वित्तान्यनेकशः।
English: He, on the other hand, who treats him otherwise, is my enemy. Such a man should certainly be punished by me. On days of performing the rites ordained for the Pitris, as also in the Shraddhas performed for his sons and all well-wishers, the great Kuru king Dhritarashtra, gave away to Brahmanas, as each deserved immense quantity of wealth after his heart.
Sanskrit: धर्मराजश्च भीमश्च सव्यसाची यमावपि॥ तत् सर्वमन्ववर्तन्त तस्य प्रियचिकीर्षया।
English: King Yudhishthira the just, and Bhima, and Arjuna, and the twins, desirous of doing what was liked by the old king, used to execute all his cominands.
Sanskrit: कथं नु राजा वृद्धः स पुत्रपौत्रवधार्दितः॥ शोकमस्मत्कृतं प्राप्य न प्रियेतेति चिन्त्यते।
English: They always took care that the old king who was afflicted with the destruction of his sons and grandsons, with, that is, grief caused by the Pandavas themselves, might not die of his grief.
Sanskrit: यावद्धि कुरुवीरस्य जीवत्पुत्रस्य वै सुखम्॥ बभूव तदवाप्नोति भोगांश्चेति व्यवस्थिताः।
English: Indeed, the Pandavas treated him in such a way that that Kuru hero might not be deprived of that happiness and all those articles of enjoyment which he had during his sons lifetime.
Sanskrit: ततस्ते सहिताः पञ्च भ्रातरः पाण्डुनन्दनाः॥ तथाशीला: समातस्थुर्धृतराष्ट्रस्य शासने।
English: The five brothers, viz., the sons of Pandu, treated thus Dhritarashtra, living under his command.
Sanskrit: धृतराष्ट्रश्च तान् सर्वान् विनीतान् नियमे स्थित्तान्॥ शिष्यवृत्तिं समापन्नान् गुरुवत् प्रत्यपद्यत।
English: Dhritarashtra also, seeing them so humble and obedient to his commands and acting towards him as disciples towards preceptors, treated them also like a loving preceptor in return.
Sanskrit: गान्धारी चैव पुत्राणां विविधैः श्राद्धकर्मभिः॥ आनृण्यमगमत् कामान् विप्रेभ्यः प्रतिपाद्य सा।
English: Gandhari, by performing the various rites of the Sharaddha and making gifts to Brahmanas of various objects of enjoyment, became freed from the debt she owed to her slain children.
Sanskrit: एवं धर्मभृतां श्रेष्ठो धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः॥ भ्रातृभिः सहितो धीमान् पूजयामास तं नृपम्।
English: Thus did that foremost of righteous men, viz., king Yudhishthira the just, endued with great intelligence, along with his brothers, adored king Dhritarashtra.
Sanskrit: वैशम्पायन उवाच स राजा सुमहातेजा वृद्धः कुरुकुलोद्वहः॥ न ददर्श तदा किंचिदप्रियं पाण्डुनन्दने।
English: Vishampayana said Endued with great energy, that perpetuator of Kuru's race, viz., the old king Dhritarashtra, could not see any ill-will in Yudhishthira.
Sanskrit: वर्तमानेषु सवत्तिं पाण्डवेषु महात्मसु॥ प्रीतिमानभवद् राजा धृतराष्ट्रोऽम्बिकासुतः।
English: Seeing that the great Pandavas were in the observance of a wise and righteous conduct, king Dhritarashtra, the son of Ambika, became pleased with them.
Sanskrit: सौबलेयी च गान्धारी पुत्रशोकमपास्य तम्॥ सदैव प्रीतिमत्यासीत् तनयेषु निजेष्विव।
English: Subala's daughter, Gandhari, renouncing all sorrow for her (slain) children, began to show great love for the Pandavas as if they were her own children.
Sanskrit: प्रियाण्येव तु कौरव्यो नाप्रियाणि कुरूद्वहः॥ वैचित्रवीर्ये नृपतौ समाचरत वीर्यवान्।
English: Gifted with great energy, the Kuru king Yudhishthira never did anything that was disliked by the royal son of Vichitravirya. On the other hand, he always treated him in a highly agreeable way.
Sanskrit: यद् यद् ब्रूते च किंचित् स धृतराष्ट्रो जनाधिपः॥ गुरु वा लघु वा कार्यं गान्धारी च तपस्विनी। तं स राजा महाराज पाण्डवानां धुरंधरः॥ पूजयित्वा वचस्तत् तदकार्षीत् परवीरहा।
English: Whatever acts, grave or light, were directed by king Dhritarashtra or the helpless Gandhari to be done, were all done with respect, O monarch, by that destroyer of hostile heroes, viz., the Pandava king.
Sanskrit: तेन तस्याभवत् प्रीतो वृत्तेन स नराधिपः॥ अन्वतप्यत संस्मृत्य पुत्रं तं मन्दचेतसम्।
English: The old king became highly pleased with such conduct of Yudhishthira. Indeed, he was grieved at the remembrance of his own wicked son.
Sanskrit: सदा च प्रातरुत्थाय कृतजप्यः शुचिर्नृपः॥ आशास्ते पाण्डुपुत्राणां समरेष्वपराजयम्।
English: Rising every day at early dawn, he purified himself and went through his recitations, and then blessed the Pandavas by wishing them victory in battle.
Sanskrit: ब्राह्मणान् स्वस्ति वाच्याथ हुत्वा चैव हुताशनम्॥२२ आयूंषि पाण्डुपुत्राणामाशंसत नराधिपः।
English: Making the usual gifts to the Brahmanas and making them utter benedictions, and pouring libations on the sacred fire, the old king prayed for long life to the Pandavas.
Sanskrit: न तां प्रीतिं परामाप पुत्रेभ्यः स कुरूद्वहः॥ यां प्रीतिं पाण्डुपुत्रेभ्यः सदावाप नराधिपः।
English: Indeed, the king had never derived that great happiness from his own sons which he always did from the sons of Pandu.
Sanskrit: ब्राह्मणानां यथावृत्तः क्षत्रियाणां यथाविधः॥ तथा विट्शूद्रसंघानामभवत् स प्रियस्तदा।
English: King Yudhishthria at that time became as agreeable to the Brahmanas the Kshatriyas, and the various bands of Vaishyas and Shudras of his kingdom.
Sanskrit: यच्च किंचित् तदा पापं धृतराष्ट्रसुतैः कृतम्॥ अकृत्वा हृदि तत् पापं तं नृपं सोऽन्ववर्तत।
English: as to King Yudhishthira forgot whatever wrongs were done to him by the sons of Dhritarashtra, and saluted his uncle.
Sanskrit: यश्च कश्चिन्नरः किंचिदप्रियं वाम्बिकासुते॥ कुरुते द्वेष्यतामेति स कौन्तेयस्य धीमतः। न राज्ञो धृतराष्ट्रस्य न च दुर्योधनस्य वै॥ उवाच दुष्कृतं कश्चिद् युधिष्ठिरभयानरः।
English: If any man did nay thing that was not liked by the son of Ambika, he became thereby an object of hatred to the intelligent son of Kunti. Indeed, through fear of Yudhishthira nobody could talk of the evil deeds of either Duryodhana or Dhritarashtra.
Sanskrit: धृत्या तुष्टो नरेन्द्रः स गान्धारी विदुरस्तथा॥ शौचेन चाजातशत्रोर्न तु भीमस्य शत्रुहन्।
English: Both Gandhari and Vidura also were well pleased with the power which the king having no enemics showed for bearing wrongs. They were, however, not so pleased, O destroyer of foes, with Bhima.
Sanskrit: अन्ववर्तत भीमोऽपि निश्चितो धर्मजं नृपम्॥ धृतराष्ट्रं च सम्प्रेक्ष्य सदा भवति दुर्मनाः।
English: Dharma's son Yudhishthira, was truly obedient to his uncle. Bhima, however, on seeing Dhritarashtra, became very dispirited.
Sanskrit: राजानमनुवर्तन्तं धर्मपुत्रममित्रहा। अन्ववर्तत कौरव्यो हृदयेन पराङ्मुखः॥
English: That destroyer of enemies, secing Dharma's son pay his respects to the old king, saluted him outwardly with a very reluctant heart.
Sanskrit: व्यास उवाच युधिष्ठिरः महाबाहो यथाह कुरुनन्दनः। धृतराष्ट्रो महातेजास्तत् कुरुष्वाविचारयन्॥
English: Vyasa said O Inighty-armed Yudhishthira, do unhesitatingly what Dhritarashtra of Kuru's family has said.
Sanskrit: अयं हि वृद्धो नृपतिर्हतपुत्रो विशेषतः। नेदं कृच्छ्रे चिरतरं सहेदिति पतिर्मम॥
English: This king is old. He has again, been made sonlcss. I think he will not be able to bear his grief long.
Sanskrit: गान्धारी च महाभागा प्राज्ञा करुणवेदिनी। पुत्रशोकं महाराज धैर्येणोद्वहते भृशम्॥
English: The highly blessed Gandhari, cndued with great wisdom and kindly speech, bears with fortitude her excessive grief owing to the loss of her sons.
Sanskrit: अहमप्येतदेव त्वां ब्रवीमि कुरु मे वचः। अनुज्ञां लभतां राजा मा वृथेह मरिष्यति॥
English: I also tell you (what the old king says.) Do you obey my words. Let the old king have your permission. Let him not die an inglorious death at home.
Sanskrit: राजर्षीणां पुराणानामनुयातु गतिं नृपः। राजर्षीणां हि सर्वेषामन्ते वनमुपाश्रयः॥
English: Let this king follow the path of royal sages of old. Indeed, all royal sages retire into the woods at last.
Sanskrit: वैशम्पायन उवाच इत्युक्तः स तदा राजा व्यासेनाद्भुतकर्मणा। भगवानेव नो मान्यो भगवानेव नो गुरुः। भगवानस्य राज्यस्य कुलस्य च परायणम्॥ प्रत्युवाच महातेजा धर्मराजो महामुनिम्॥
English: Vaishampayana said, Thus addressed at that time by Vyasa of wonderful deeds, king Yudhishthira the just, gifted with mighty energy, said to the great ascetic these words, 'Your holy self is held by us in great reverence. You alone are our preceptor. You alone are the refuge of this our kingdom as also of our family.
Sanskrit: अहं तु पुत्रो भगवन् पिता राजा गुरुश्च मे। निदेशवर्ती च पितुः पुत्रो भवति धर्मतः॥
English: I am your son. You, O holy one, are my father! You are our king, and you are our preceptor! The son should as dictated by every duty, obey the commands of his father.
Sanskrit: वैशम्पायन उवाच इत्युक्तः स तु तं प्राह व्यासो वेदविदां वरः। युधिष्ठिरं महातेजाः पुनरेव महाकविः॥ एवमेतन्महाबाहो यथा वदसि भारत। राजाऽयं वृद्धतां प्राप्तः प्रमाणे परमे स्थितः॥
English: Vaishampayana said Thus addressed by the king, Vyasa, that foremost of all persons knowing the Vedas, that foremost of poets gifted with great energy, once more said to Yudhishthira these words, 'It is so, O mighty-armed one! It is as you say, O Bharata! This king has reached old age, He is now in the last stage of life.
Sanskrit: सोऽयं मयाभ्यनुज्ञातस्त्वया च पृथिवीपतिः। करोतु स्वमभिप्रायं मास्य विघ्नकरो भव॥
English: Permitted both by me and you, let this king do what he wishes. Do not stand as on obstacle in his way.
Sanskrit: एष एव परो धर्मो राजर्षीणां युधिष्ठिर। समरे वा भवेन्मृत्युर्वने वा विधिपूर्वकम्॥
English: This is the highest duty, O Yudhishthira, of royal sages. They should die either in battle or in the forest according to the scriptures.
Sanskrit: पित्रा तु तव राजेन्द्र पाण्डुना पृथिवीक्षिता। शिष्यवृत्तेन राजायं गुरुवत् पर्युपासितः॥
English: Your royal father, Pandu, O king of kings, respected this old king as a disciple reverses his preceptor.
Sanskrit: क्रतुभिर्दक्षिणावभी रत्नपर्वतशोभितैः। महमिरिष्टं गौर्भुक्ता प्रजाश्च परिपालिताः॥
English: (At that time) he worshipped the celestials in many great sacrifices with profuse gifts consisting of hills of wealth and jewels, and ruled the Earth and protected his subjects wisely and well.
Sanskrit: पुत्रसंस्थं च विपुलं राज्यं विप्रोषिते त्वयि। त्रयोदशसमा भुक्तं दत्तं च विविधं वसु॥
English: Having obtained a good number of children and a prosperous kingdom, he enjoyed great riches for thirteen years while you were in exile, and gave away much wealth.
Sanskrit: त्वया चायं नरव्याघ्र गुरुशुश्रूषयाऽनघा आराधितः सभृत्येन गान्धारी च यशस्विनी॥
English: Yourself also, O king, with your servants, O sinless one, have worshipped this king and the famous Gandhari with that ready obedience which a disciple pays to his preceptor.
Sanskrit: अनुजानीहि पितरं समयोऽस्य तपोविधौ। न मन्युर्विद्यते चास्य सुसूक्ष्मोऽपि युधिष्ठिर॥
English: Do you grant permission to your father. The time has come for his to attend to the practice of penances. He does He does not cherish, O Yudhishthira, even the slightest anger against any of you.
Sanskrit: वैशम्पायन उवाच एतावदुक्त्वा वचनमनुमान्य च पार्थिवम्। तथास्त्विति च तेनोक्तः कौन्तेयेन ययौ वनम्॥
English: Vaishampayana said Having said these words, Vyasa, soothed the old king. Yudhishthira, then, answered him, saying, “So be it.' The great ascetic then left the palace for proceeding to the forest.
Sanskrit: गते भगवति व्यासे राजा पाण्डुसुतस्तदा। प्रोवाच पितरं वृद्धं मन्दं मन्दमिवानतः॥ यदाह भगवान् व्यासो यच्चापि भवतो मतम्। यथाऽऽह च महेष्वासः कृपो विदुर एव च॥ युयुत्सुः संजयश्चैव तत्कर्तास्म्यहमञ्जसा। सर्व एव हि मान्या मे कुलस्य हि हितैषिणः॥
English: After the holy Vyasa had departed, the royal son of Pandu softly said these words to his old father, bending himself in humility, 'What the holy Vyasa has said, what is your own purpose, what the great bowmen Kripa has said, what Vidura has said, and what has been asked for by Yuyutsu and Sanjaya, I shall quickly do. All these deserve my respect, for all of them are well-wishers of our family.
Sanskrit: इदं तु याचे नृपते त्वामहं शिरसा नतः। क्रियतां तावदाहारस्ततो गच्छाश्रमं प्रति॥
English: This, however, O king, I beg of you by bending my head. Do you first eat and afterwards go to your forest-retreat.
Sanskrit: वैशम्पायन उवाच ततो राज्ञाभ्यनुज्ञातो धृतराष्ट्रः प्रतापवान्। ययौ स्वभवनं राजा गान्धार्यानुगतस्तदा।॥
English: Vaishampayana said son Having received the kings' permission, the highly energetic king Dhritarastra, then, went to his own palace, followed by Gandhari.
Sanskrit: मन्दप्राणगतिर्धीमान् कृच्छ्रादिव समुद्वहन्। पदातिः स महीपालो जीर्णो गजपतिर्यथा॥
English: With weakened strength and slow motion, that highly intelligent king walked with difficulty, like the leader, exhausted with age, of an elephantine herd.
Sanskrit: तमन्वगच्छद् विदुरो विद्वान् सूतश्च संजयः। स चापि परमेष्वासः कृपः शारद्वतस्तथा॥
English: He was followed by the highly learned Vidura, and his charioteer Sanjaya, as also that powerful bowman Kripa the of Sharadvata.
Sanskrit: स प्रविश्य गृहं राजन् कृतपूर्वाहिकक्रियः। तर्पयित्वा द्विजश्रेष्ठानाहारमकरोत् तदा॥
English: Entering his palace, O king, he performed the morning rites and, after pleasing many foremost of Brahmanas, he took some food.
Sanskrit: गान्धारी चैव धर्मज्ञा कुन्त्या सह मनस्विनी। वधूभिरुपचारेण पूजिताभुङ्क्त भारत॥
English: Gandhari knowing every duty, as also the highly intelligent Kunti, adored with offers of various articles by their daughters-in-law, then took some food, O Bharata.
Sanskrit: कृताहारं कृताहारा: सर्वे ते विदुरादयः। पाण्डवाश्च कुरुश्रेष्ठमुपातिष्ठन्त तं नृपम्॥
English: After Dhritarashtra had eaten, and Vidura also and others had done the same, the Pandavas, having finished their meals, approached and sat around the old king.
Sanskrit: ततोऽब्रवीन्महाराज कुन्तीपुत्रमुपह्वरे। निषण्णं पाणिना पृष्ठे संस्पृशन्नम्बिकासुतः॥ अप्रमादस्त्वया कार्यः सर्वथा कुरुनन्दन। अष्टाङ्गे राजशार्दूल राज्ये धर्मपुरस्कृते॥
English: Then the son of Ambika, O monarch, addressing Kunti's son, who was seated near him, and touching his back with his hand, said, 'You should always, O delighter of the Kurus, act vigilantly about everything connected with your kingdom consisting of eight limbs, o foremost of kings, and in which the claims of virtue should ever be kept foremost.
Sanskrit: तत्त शक्यं महाराज रक्षितुं पाण्डुनन्दन। राज्यं धर्मेण कौन्तेय विद्वानसि निबोध तत्॥
English: You are, O son of Kunti, cndued with intelligence and learning. Listen to me, O king, I tell you what the means are by which, O son of Pandu, the kingdom is capable of being righteously protected.
Sanskrit: विद्यावृद्धान् सदैव त्वमुपासीथा युधिष्ठिर। शृणुयास्ते च यद् ब्रूयुः कुर्याश्चैवाविचारयन्॥
English: You should always, O Yudhishthria, honour those persons who are old in learning. You should listen to what they would say, and act accordingly without any scruple.
Sanskrit: प्रातरुत्थाय तान् राजन् पूजयित्वा यथाविधि। कृत्यकाले समुत्पन्ने पृच्छेथाः कार्यमात्मनः॥
English: Rising early in the morning, O king, adore them with due rites, and when the time comes for action, you should consult them about your (intended) acts.
Sanskrit: ते तु सम्मानिता राजंस्त्वया कार्यहितार्थिना। प्रवक्ष्यन्ति हितं तात सर्वथा तव भारत॥
English: When, led by the desire of knowing what would be beneficial to you about your measures, you honour them, they will, O son, always declare what is for your behoof, O Bharata!
Sanskrit: इन्द्रियाणि च सर्वाणि वाजिवत् परिपालय। हितायैव भविष्यन्ति रक्षित द्रविणं यथा॥
English: You should always keep your senses as you keep your horses. They will then prove beneficial to you, like riches that is not wasted.
Sanskrit: अमात्यानुपधातीतान् पितृपैतामहाशुचीन्। दान्तान् कर्मसु पुण्यांश्च पुण्यान् सर्वेषु योजयेः॥
English: You should employ only those ministers who have passed the tests of honesty, who are hereditary officers of state, possessed of pure conduct, self-controlled, expert in the discharge of business, and endued with righteous conduct.
Sanskrit: चारयेयाश्च सततं चारैरविदितः परैः। परीक्षितैर्बहुविधैः स्वराष्ट्रप्रतिवासिभिः॥
English: You should always gather information through spies in various disguises, whose faithfulness have been tested, who are natives of your kingdom, and who should not be known to your enemies.
Sanskrit: पुरं च ते सुगुप्तं स्याद् दृढप्राकारतोरणम्। अट्टाट्टालकसम्बाधं षट्पदं सर्वतोदिशम्॥
English: Your citadel should be properly protected with strong walls and arched gates. On every side such walls, with watch-towers on them standing close to one another, should be made as will admit six persons walking side by side on their top.
Sanskrit: तस्य द्वाराणि सर्वाणि पर्याप्तानि बृहन्ति च। सर्वतः सुविभक्तानि यन्त्रैरारक्षितानि च॥
English: The gates should all be large and sufficiently strong. Kept in proper places, those gates should be carefully guarded.
Sanskrit: पुरुषैरलमर्थस्ते विदितैः कुलशीलतः। आत्मा च रक्ष्यः सततं भोजनादिषु भारत॥ विहाराहारकालेषु माल्यशय्यासनेषु च। स्त्रियश्च ते सुगुप्ताः स्युर्वृद्धराप्तैरधिष्ठिताः॥ शीलवद्भिः कुलीनैश्च विद्वद्धिश्च युधिष्ठिर।
English: Let your purpose be accomplished through men whose families and conduct are wellknown. You should always protect your body also with care in matters connected with your food, O Bharata, as also in the hours of sport and eating and in matters connected with the garlands you wear and the beds you lie upon. The ladies of your household should be properly protected, looked over by aged and trusted servitors, of good conduct, well-born, and possessed of learning, O Yudhishthira.
Sanskrit: मन्त्रिणश्चैव कुर्वीथा द्विजान् विद्याविशारदान्॥ विनीतांश्च कुलीनांश्च धर्मार्थकुशलानृजून्।
English: You should made ministers of Brahmanas possessed of learning, endued with humility, well-born, knowing religion and profit, and adorned with simplicity of behaviour.
Sanskrit: तैः सार्धं मन्त्रयेथास्त्वं नात्यर्थं बहुभिः सह॥ समस्तैरपि च व्यस्तैर्व्यपदेशेन केनचित्।
English: You should hold consultations with them. You should not, however, admit many persons into your consultations. on particular occasions you may consult with the whole of your council or with a portion of it.
Sanskrit: सुसंवृतं मन्त्रगृहं स्थलं चारुह्य मन्त्रयेः॥ अरण्ये निःशलाके वा न च रात्रौ कथंचन।
English: Entering a chamber or spot that is wellprotected (from intruders) you should hold your consultations. You may hold your consultation in a forest hat is divested of grass. You should never consult at night time.
Sanskrit: वानराः पक्षिणश्चैव ये मनुष्यानुसारिणः॥ सर्वे मन्त्रगृहे वा ये चापि जडपङ्गवः।
English: Apes and birds and other animals which can imitatc human beings should all be excluded from the council chamber, as also idiots and lame and palsied individuals.
Sanskrit: मन्त्रभेदे हि ये दोषा भवन्ति पृथिवीक्षिताम्॥ न ते शक्या: समाधातुं कथंचिदिति मे मतिः।
English: I think that the evils which originate from the divulgence of the counsels of kings are such that they cannot be remedied.
Sanskrit: दोषांश्च मन्त्रभेदस्य ब्रूयास्त्वं मन्त्रिमण्डले॥ अभेदे च गुणा राजन् पुनः पुनररिंदम।
English: You should repeatedly refer, in the midst of your counselors, to the evils which arise from the divulgence of counsels, ochastiser of enemies, and to the merits which flow from counsels properly kept.
Sanskrit: पौरजानपदानां न शौचाशौचे युधिष्ठिर॥ यथा स्याद् विदितं राजंस्तथा कार्यं कुरूद्वह।
English: You should, O Yudhishthira, act in such a manner as to determine the merits and faults of the inhabitants of your city and the provinces.
Sanskrit: व्यवहरश्च ते राजन् नित्यमाप्तैरधिष्ठितः॥ योज्यस्तुष्टैर्हितै राजन् नित्यं चारैरनुष्ठितः।
English: Let your laws, O king, be always administered by trusted judges placed in charge thereof, who should also be contented and of good conduct. Their acts should also be ascertained by you through spies.
Sanskrit: परिमाणं विदित्वा च दण्डं दण्ड्येषु भारत॥ प्रणयेयुर्यथान्यायं पुरुषास्ते युधिष्ठिर।
English: Let your judicial officers, O Yudhishthira, mete out punishments, according to the law, on offenders after careful determining the gravity of the offenses.
Sanskrit: आदानरुचयश्चैव परदाराभिमर्शिनः॥ उग्रदण्डप्रधानाश्च मिथ्या व्याहारिणस्तथा। आक्रोष्टारश्च लुब्धश्च हर्तारः साहसप्रियाः।॥ समाविहारभेत्तारो वर्णानां च प्रदूषकाः।
English: They who take bribes, they who are the violators of the chastity of other peoples' wives, they who inflict heavy punishments, they who are liars, they who are revelers, they who are stained by cupidity, they who are murderers, they who are doers of rash deeds, they who are disturbers of assemblies and the sports of others, and they who brings about a confusion of castes, should, according to considerations of time and place, be punished with either fines or death.
Sanskrit: हिरण्यदण्ड्या वध्याश्च कर्तव्या देशकालतः॥ प्रातरेव हि पश्येथा ये कुर्युर्व्ययकर्म ते।
English: In the morning you should see those who are employed in making your disbursements. After that you should look to your toilet and then to your food.
Sanskrit: अलंकारमथो भोज्यमत ऊर्ध्वं समाचरेः॥ पश्येथाश्च ततो योधान् सदा त्वं प्रतिहर्षयन्।
English: You should next supervise your arms, pleasing them on every occasion. You should devote your evenings to envoys and spies.
Sanskrit: दूतानां च चराणां च प्रदोषस्ते सदा भवेत्॥ सदा चापररात्रान्ते भवेत् कार्यार्थनिर्णयः। मध्यरात्रे विहारस्ते मध्याह्ने च सदा भवेत्॥
English: The latter end of the night should be devoted by you to settle what acts should be done by you in the day. Midnight's and midday's should be devoted to amusements and sports. At all times, however, you should think of the means for the execution your projects.
Sanskrit: सर्वे त्वौपयिकाः कालाः कार्याणां भरतर्षभ। तथैवालंकृतः काले तिष्ठेथा भूरिदक्षिण॥
English: At the proper time, adorning your body, you should sit prepared to make gifts in profusion. The turns for different deeds, O son, ceaselessly revolve like wheels.
Sanskrit: चक्रवत् तात कार्याणां पर्यायो दृश्यते सदा। कोशस्य निचये यत्नं कुर्वीथा न्यायतः सदा॥
English: You should do your best to fill your treasuries of various kinds by fair means. You should avoid all unlawful means for that purpose.
Sanskrit: विपिधस्य महाराज विपरीतं विवर्जयेः। चारैर्विदित्वा शुज्रेश्च ये राज्ञामन्तरैषिणः॥
English: Learning through your spies who your enemies are, who are bent on finding out your shortcoming, you should, through trusted agents, cause them to be destroyed from a distance.
Sanskrit: तानाप्तैः पुरुषैर्दूराद् घातयेथा नराधिप। कर्म दृष्ट्वाथ भृत्यांस्त्वं वरयेथाः कुरूद्वह॥
English: Examining their conduct, you should, O perpetuator of Kuru's race, appoint your servants. You should cause all your deeds to be accomplished through your servitors whether they are appointed for those acts or not.
Sanskrit: कारयेयाश्च कर्माणि युक्तायुक्तैरधिष्ठितैः। सेनाप्रणेता च भवेत् तव तात दृढव्रतः॥
English: The commandant of your army should be of firm conduct, courageous, capable of bearing hardships, loyal, and devoted to your wellbeing.
Sanskrit: शूरः क्लेशसहश्चैव हितो भक्तश्च पूरुषः। सर्वे जनपदाश्चैव तव कर्माणि पाण्डव॥
English: Artisans and mechanics, O son of Pandu, living in your provinces, should always do your acts like kine and asses.
Sanskrit: गोवद्रासभवश्चैव कुर्युर्ये व्यवहारिणः। स्वरन्ध्र पररन्धं च स्वेषु चैव परेषु च॥ उपलक्षयितव्यं ते नित्यमेव युधिष्ठिर।
English: You should always, O Yudhishthira, be careful to ascertain your own shortcomings as also those of your enemies. The shortcomings also of your own men as also of the men of your enemies should equally be known.
Sanskrit: देशजाश्चैव पुरुषा विक्रान्ताः स्वेषु कर्मसु॥ यात्राभिरनुरूपाभिरनुग्राह्या हितास्त्वया।
English: Those men of your kingdom, who are wellskilled in their respective callings, and are devoted to your good, should be patronized by you with adequate means of support.
Sanskrit: गुणार्थिनां गुणः कार्यो विदुषां वै जनाधिप। अविचार्याश्च ते ते स्युरचला इव नित्यशः॥
English: A wise king, O chief of men, should always see that the accomplishments of his subjects might be kept up. They would then be firinly devoted to you, seeing that they did not fall away from their skill
Sanskrit: धृतराष्ट्र उवाच मण्डलानि च बुध्येथाः परेषामात्मनस्तथा। उदासीनगणानां च मध्यस्थानां च भारत॥
English: Dhritarashtra said You should always ascertain the Mandalas which belong to you, to your enemies, to neutrals, and to those who are disposed equally towards you and your eneinies, O Bharata.
Sanskrit: चतुर्णां शत्रुजातानां सर्वेषामाततायिनाम्। मित्रं चामित्रमित्रं च बोद्धव्यं तेऽरिकर्शन॥
English: The Mandalas also of the four kinds of enemies, of those called Atatayins, and of allies, and the allies of enemies, should be distinguished by you, O crusher of enemies.