pari-kulkarni/itihasa-sanskrit-en-filtered huggingface dataset:
Sanskrit: क्षेत्रज्ञं तं विजानीहि नित्यं लोकहितात्मकम्। तमो रजश्च सत्त्वं च विद्धि जीवगुणानिमान्॥
English: Know well what is called Kshetrajna and which had universal benevolence. Goodness, darkness, and ignorance are the three attributes of the living agent.
Sanskrit: सचेतनं जीवगुणं वदन्ति स चेष्टते चेश्यते च सर्वम्। अतः परं क्षेत्रविदो वदन्ति। प्रावर्तयद् यो भुवनानि सप्त॥
English: The learned hold that the Soul had Consciousness and has the attributes of life. The Soul works and makes everything to work. Persons cognisant of the Soul say that the Soul is different from life. It is the Supreme Soul that has created the seven words and makes them works.
Sanskrit: न जीवनाशोऽस्ति हि देहभेदे मिथ्यैतदाहुर्मत इत्यबुद्धाः। जीवस्तु देहान्तरितः प्रयाति दशार्धतैवास्य शरीरभेदः॥
English: There is no destruction of the living agent even when the body is dissolved. Men shorn of intelligence say that it dies. That is in fact false. All that the living agent does is that it goes from one body to another. What is called death is merely the dissolution of the body.
Sanskrit: एवं सर्वेषु भूतेषु गूढचरति संवृतः। दृश्यते त्वग्रयया बुद्ध्या सूक्ष्मया तत्त्वदर्शिभिः॥
English: It is thus that the Soul, covered with various forms, goes form to form, unseen and unnoticed by others. Persons endued with true Knowledge witness the Soul by their keen and subtile intelligence.
Sanskrit: तं पूर्वापररात्रेषु युञ्जानः सततं बुधः। लब्धाहारो विशुद्धात्मा पश्यत्यात्मानमात्मनि॥
English: Living on restricted diet, and with heart purged of all sins, devoting himself to meditation, a wise man succeeds every night, before sleep and after sleep, in sceing Soul by the help of his Soul.
Sanskrit: चित्तस्य हि प्रसादेन हित्वा कर्म शुभाशुभम्। प्रसन्नात्माऽऽत्मनि स्थित्वा सुखमानन्त्यमश्नुते॥ मानसोऽग्निः शरीरेषु जीव इत्यभिधीयते। सृष्टिः प्रजापतेरेषा भूताध्यात्मविनिश्चये॥
English: The king, effulgent, like fire living within the mind is called the living agent. It is from that Lord of everything that this creation has originated. This is the conclusion of the enquiry into the origin of creatures and the soul.
Sanskrit: भृगुरुवाच असृजद् ब्राह्मणानेव पूर्वं ब्रह्मा प्रजापतीन्। आत्मतेजोभिनिर्वृत्तान् भास्कराग्निसमप्रभान्॥
English: Bhrigu said Brahman first created a few Brahmanas who passed by the name of Prajapatis (lord of creation). Effulgent like the fire or the Sun, they were created out of the energy of that First-born Being.
Sanskrit: ततः सत्यं च धर्मं च तपो ब्रह्म च शाश्वतम्। आचारं चैव शौचं च स्वर्गाय विदधे प्रभुः॥
English: The powerful Lord then created Truth, Duty, Penance, the eternal Vedas, all sorts of pious deeds, and Purity, for enabling creatures to acquire heaven (by practising them).
Sanskrit: देवदानवगन्धर्वा दैत्यासुरमहोरगाः। यक्षराक्षसनागाश्च पिशाचा मनुजास्तथा॥ ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैष्याः शूद्राश्च द्विजसत्तम। ये चान्ये भूतसङ्घानां सङ्घांस्तांश्चापि निर्ममे॥
English: After this, the gods and the Danavas, the Gandharvas, the Daityas, the Asuras, the great snakes, the Yakshas, the Rakshasas, the Serpents, the Pishachas, and mankind with their four divisions, viz., Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras, O foremost of twice-born ones, and all the other orders of creatures, were created.
Sanskrit: ब्राह्मणानां सितो वण: क्षत्रियाणां तु लोहितः। वैश्यानां पीतको वर्णः शूद्राणामसितस्तथा॥
English: The complexion of the Brahmanas was white; that of the Kshatriyas was red; that of the Vaishyas yellow; and that of the Shudras was black.
Sanskrit: भरद्वाज उवाच चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य वर्णेन यदि वर्णो विभिद्यते। सर्वेषां खलु वर्णानां दृश्यते वर्णसंकरः॥
English: Bharadwaja said If the distinction between the four castes be made by means only of colour, then it seems that all the four orders have been intermixed.
Sanskrit: कामः क्रोधो भयं लोभः शोकश्चिन्ता क्षुधा श्रमः। सर्वेषां नः प्रभवति कस्माद् वर्णो विभिद्यते॥
English: Lust, anger, fear, cupidity, grief, anxiety, hunger, exhaustion, possess and prevail over all men. How can men be distinguished by the attributes?
Sanskrit: स्वेदमूत्रपुरीषाणि श्लेष्मा पित्तं सशोणितम्। तनुः क्षरति सर्वेषां कस्माद् वर्णो विभज्यते॥
English: The bodies of all men sweat and puss urine, faeces, phlegm, bile and blood. How then can men be divided into classes?
Sanskrit: जङ्गमानामसंख्येयाः स्थावराणां च जातयः। तेषां विविधवर्णानां कुतो वर्णविनिश्चयः॥
English: Mobile objects are endless in number; the immobile objects are also innumerable. How then can so many different objects be divided into classes?
Sanskrit: भृगुरुवाच न विशेषोऽस्ति वर्णानां सर्वं ब्राह्ममिदं जगत्। ब्रह्मणा पूर्वसृष्टं हि कर्मभिर्वर्णतां गतम्॥
English: Bhrigu said There is in fact no distinction between the different castes. The whole world at first consisted of Brahmanas. Created equally by Brahman, men have, on account of their acts, been divided into various castes.
Sanskrit: कामभोगप्रियास्तीक्ष्णा: क्रोधनाः प्रियसाहसाः। त्यक्तस्वधर्मा रक्ताङ्गास्ते द्विजाः क्षत्रतां गताः॥
English: They who found excessive pleasure in enjoyment become possessed of the attributes of harshness and anger, endued with courage, and were unmindful of the works of piety and worship,-those Brahmanas possessing the quality of Darkness, became Kshatriyas.
Sanskrit: गोभ्यो वृत्तिं समास्थाय पीताः कृष्युपजीविनः। स्वधर्मान् नानुतिष्ठन्ति ते द्विजा वैश्यतां गताः॥
English: Those Brahmanas again who, unmindful of the duties laid down for them, became endued with both the qualities of Goodness and Darkness, and follow the professions of cattletending and agriculture, became Vaishyas.
Sanskrit: हिंसानृतप्रिया लुब्धाः सर्वकर्मोपजीविनः। कृष्णाः शौचपरिभ्रष्टास्ते द्विजाः शूद्रतां गताः॥
English: Those Brahmanas again who were given to untruth and injuring other creatures possessed of cupidity, performed all sorts of works for their maintenance and had no purity of behaviour, and thus possessed of the quality of Darkness, became Shudras.
Sanskrit: इत्येतैः कर्मभिर्व्यस्ता द्विजा वर्णान्तरं गताः। धर्मो यज्ञक्रिया तेषां नित्यं न प्रतिषिध्यते॥
English: Divided by these occupations, Brahınanas, falling away from their own order became members of the other three castes. All the four castes, therefore, have always the right to perform all pious rites and sacrifices.
Sanskrit: इत्येते चतुरो वर्णा येषां ब्राह्मी सरस्वती। विहिता ब्रह्मणा पूर्वं लोभात् त्वज्ञानतां गताः॥
English: Thus were the four castes at first created equally by Brahman who ordained for all of them the observances described (in the Vedas). Cupidity alone brought about the fall of many, who were possessed by ignorance.
Sanskrit: ब्राह्मणा ब्रह्मतन्त्रस्थास्तपस्तेषां न नश्यति। ब्रह्म धारयतां नित्यं व्रतानि नियमांस्तथा॥
English: The Brahmanas are always devoted to the Brahma-scriptures and practising vows and restraints, are capable of understanding Brahima. Their penances, therefore, never prove fruitless.
Sanskrit: ब्रह्म चैव परं सृष्टं ये न जानन्ति तेऽद्विजाः। तेषां बहुविधास्त्वन्यास्तत्र तत्र हि जातयः॥
English: They amongst them are not Brahmanas who cannot understand that every created thing is Supreme Brahma. These, falling away, became members of various (inferior) castes.
Sanskrit: पिशाचा राक्षसाः प्रेता विविधा म्लेच्छजातयः। प्रणष्टज्ञानविज्ञाना: स्वच्छन्दाचारचेष्टिताः॥
English: Destitute of the light of knowledge, living a loose life of dissolution they are born as Pishas and Rakshasas and Ghosts, and as Mleccha tribes.
Sanskrit: प्रजा ब्राह्मणपसंस्काराः स्वकर्मकृतनिश्चयाः। ऋषिभिः स्वेन तपसा सृज्यन्ते चापरे परैः॥
English: The great Rishis who at the beginning were created (by Brahman's Will) afterwards themselves created, through their penances, men devoted to the duties laid down for them and rites laid down in the Eternal Vedas.
Sanskrit: आदिदेवसमुद्भूता ब्रह्ममूलाक्षयाव्यया। सा सृष्टिर्मानसी नाम धर्मतन्त्रपरायणा॥
English: That other Creation, however, which is eternal and undecaying, which depends upon Brahma and has originated from the Primeval God, and which has Yoga for its support, is a mental one.
Sanskrit: भरद्वाज उवाच ब्राह्मणः केन भवति क्षत्रियो वा द्विजोत्तम। वैश्यः शूद्रश्च विप्रर्षे तद् ब्रूहि वदतां वर॥
English: Bharadwaja said By what deeds, does one became a Brahmana? By what, a Kshatriya? O foremost of twice-born ones, by what deeds again does one become a Vaishya or a Shudra? Tell me this, O foremost of orators.
Sanskrit: भृगुरुवाच जातकर्मादिभिर्यस्तु संस्कारैः संस्कृतः शुचिः। वेदाध्ययनसम्पन्नः घट्सु : घट्सु कर्मस्ववस्थितः॥ शौचाचारस्थितः सम्यग्विघसाशी गुरुप्रियः। नित्यव्रती सत्यपरः स वै ब्राह्मण उच्यते॥
English: Bhrigu said That person is called a Brahmana who has been sanctified by birth and other rites; who is pure in conduct; who is devoted to the study of the Vedas, who is constant in his practices of the six well-known purificatory rite; who is steady in all works of pity, who is not given to take his food without having offered it duly to gods and guests; who is attached to his preceptor; and who is always mindful vows and truth.
Sanskrit: सत्यं दानमथाद्रोहं आनृशंस्यं त्रपा घृणा। तपश्च दृश्यते यत्र स ब्राह्मण इति स्मृतः॥
English: He, with whom truth, gifts, abstention from injury to others, mercy, shame, benevolence, and penance are associated, is called a Brahmana.
Sanskrit: क्षत्र सेवते कर्म वेदाध्ययनसंगतः। दानादानरतिर्यस्तु स वै क्षत्रिय उच्यते॥
English: He, who follows the profession of war, who studies the Vedas, who makes gifts and takes wealth, is called a Kshatriya.
Sanskrit: वणिज्या पशुरक्षा च कृष्यादानरतिः शुचिः। वेदाध्ययनसम्पन्न: स वैश्य इति संज्ञितः॥
English: He, who acquires fame by tending cattle, who is engaged in agriculture and the means of acquiring riches, who is pure in conduct and attends to the study of the Vedas, is called a Vaishya. J
Sanskrit: सर्वभक्षरतिनित्यं सर्वकर्मकरोऽशुचिः। त्यक्तवेदस्त्वनाचारः स वै शूद्र इति स्मृतः॥
English: He, who takes every sort of food, who is engaged in doing every sort of work, who is impure in behaviour, who does not study the Vedas, and whose conduct is unrighteous, is said to be a Shudra.
Sanskrit: शूद्रे चैतद्भवेल्लक्ष्यं द्विजे तच्च न विद्यते। न वै शूद्रो भवेच्छूद्रो ब्राह्मणो न च ब्राह्मणः॥
English: If these marks are not seen in a Shudra, and if they are not seen in a Brahmana, then such a Shudra is no Shudra, and such a Brahmana is no Brahmana.
Sanskrit: सर्वोपायैस्तु लोभस्य क्रोधस्य च विनिग्रहः। एतत् पवित्रं ज्ञानानां तथा चैवात्मसंयमः॥
English: One should conquer cupidity and anger by every means. This, together with self-control, is the grandest results of Knowledge.
Sanskrit: वार्यौ सर्वात्मना तौ हि श्रेयोघातार्थमुच्छ्रितौ। नित्यं क्रोधाच्छ्रियं रक्षेत् तपो रक्षेच्च मत्सरात्॥
English: One should control those two passions with his whole heart. They appear for killing one's greatest good.
Sanskrit: विद्यां मानापमानाभ्यामात्मानं तु प्रमादतः। यस्य सर्वे समारम्भा निराशीर्बन्धना द्विज॥
English: One should always protect his prosperity against his anger; his penances from pride; his knowledge from honour and disgrace; and his soul from mistakes.
Sanskrit: त्यागे यस्य हुतं सर्वं स त्यागी च स बुद्धिमान्। अहिंस्त्रः सर्वभूतानां मैत्रायणगतश्चरेत्॥
English: That intelligent man, O twice-born one, who does all acts without seeking for fruits, whose entire riches exist for purposes of charity, and who performs the daily Homa, is a real Renouncer. One should be like a friend to all creatures, standing aloof from all acts of injury.
Sanskrit: परिग्रहान् परित्यज्य भवेद् बुद्ध्या जितेन्द्रियः। अशोकं स्थानमातिष्ठेदिह चामुत्र चाभयम्॥
English: One should, without taking any gifts, by the help of his own intelligence completely control his passions. One should live in his sclf where there is no grief. One would then have no fear in this world and attain to fearless region in the next world.
Sanskrit: इन्द्रियैर्गृह्यते यद् यत् तत्तद् व्यक्तमिति स्थितिः। अव्यक्तमिति विज्ञेयं लिङ्गग्राह्यमतीन्द्रियम्॥
English: All things that can be perceived by the sense are designated Manifest. One should seek to know all, however, that is Unmanifest, that is beyond the perception of the senses, that can be ascertained only by the subtile senses.
Sanskrit: अविस्रम्भे न गन्तव्यं विस्रम्भे धारयेन्मनः। मनः प्राणे निगृह्णीयात् प्राणं ब्रह्मणि धारयेत्॥
English: If there is no faith, one will never attain to that subtile sense. One should, therefore cherish faith. The mind should be associated with Prana, and Prana should then be held within Brahma.
Sanskrit: निर्वेदादेव निर्वाणं न च किञ्चिद् विचिन्तयेत्। सुखं वै ब्राह्मणो ब्रह्म निर्वेदेनाधिगच्छति॥ शौचेन सततं युक्तः सदाचारसमन्वितः। सानुक्रोशश्च भूतेषु तद् द्विजातिषु लक्षणम्॥
English: One may secure immersion in Brahma, by withdrawing oneself from all attachments. There is no necessity of minding any other thing. A Brahmana can easily attain to Brahma by the road of Renunciation. The marks of a Brahmana are purify, good conduct and universal benevolence.
Sanskrit: भृगुरुवाच सत्यं ब्रह्म तपः सत्यं सत्यं विसृजते प्रजाः। सत्येन धार्यते लोकः स्वर्गं सत्येन गच्छति॥
English: Bhrigu said Truth is Brahma; truth is Penance it is Truth which Creates all creatures. Truth sustains the entire universe and it is with the help of Truth that one goes to Heaven.
Sanskrit: अनृतं तमसो रूपं तमसा नीयते ह्यधः। तमोग्रस्ता न पश्यन्ति प्रकाशं तमसाऽऽवृताः॥
English: Untruth is only another shape of Darkness. It is Darkness that leads downwards. Those who are possessed by Darkness, cannot see the bright regions of Heaven.
Sanskrit: स्वर्गः प्रकाश इत्याहुनरकं तम एव च। सत्यानृतं तदुभयं प्राप्यते जगतीचरैः॥
English: It has been said that Heaven is Light and that Hell is Darkness. The creatures living in this world may obtain both Heaven and Hell.
Sanskrit: तत्राप्येवंविधा लोके वृत्तिः सत्यानृते भवेत्। धर्माधर्मी प्रकाशश्च तमो दुःखं सुखं तथा॥
English: In this world also, Truth and Untruth bring on contrary action and contrary indications, such as Righteousness and Unrighteousness, Light and Darkness, Pleasure and Pain.
Sanskrit: तत्र यत् सत्यं स धर्मो यो धर्म: स प्रकाशो यः प्रकाशस्तत् सुखमिति। तत्र यदनृतं सोऽधर्मो योऽधर्मस्तत् तमोयत् तमस्तद् दुःखमिति॥
English: Amongst these, Truth is Righteousness; Righteousness is Light; and Light is Happiness. Likewise Untruth is Unrighteousness; Unrighteousness is Darkness; and darkness is Sorrow or Misery.
Sanskrit: अत्रोच्यते-शारीरैर्मानसैर्दुःखैः सुखैश्चाप्यसुखोदयैः। लोकसृष्टिं प्रपश्यन्तो न मुह्यन्ति विचक्षणाः॥
English: Seeing that the world is stricken with physical and mental pain and with pleasures are that sure to end in misery, the wise never suffer themselves to be stupefied.
Sanskrit: तत्र दुःखविमोक्षार्थं प्रयतेत विचक्षणः। सुखं ह्यनित्यं भूतानामिहलोके परत्र च।॥
English: A wiseman will try to rescue himself from sorrow. The happiness of living creatures is fragile both here and hereafter.
Sanskrit: राहुग्रस्तस्य सोमस्य यथा ज्योत्स्ना न भासते। तथा तमोऽभिभूतानां भूतानां नश्यते सुखम्॥
English: The happiness of creatures that are possessed by Darkness disappears like the cffulgence of the Moon when possessed by Rahu.
Sanskrit: तत् खलु द्विविधं सुखमुच्यते शारीरं मानसं च। इह खल्वमुष्मिश्च लोके वस्तुप्रवृत्तयः सुखार्थमभिधीयन्ते। न ह्यतः परं त्रिवर्गफलं विशिष्टतरमस्ति स एव काम्यो गुणविशेषो धर्मार्थगुणारम्भस्तद्धेतुरस्योत्पत्ति: सुखप्रयोजनार्थ आरम्भः॥
English: Happiness is of two sorts, viz., physical and mental. The visible and invisible fruits of action, both this and the other world, are described for the sake of happiness. There is nothing more important than happiness among the fruits of the threefold objects of life. Happiness is desirable. It is an attribute of the Soul. Both virtue and Profit are sought for it. Virtue is its origin. This, indeed is its origin. The end of all acts is the attainment of happiness.
Sanskrit: भरद्वाज उवाच यदेतद् भवताभिहितं सुखानां परमा स्थितिरिति न तदुपगृहीमो न ह्येषामृषीणां महति स्थितानामप्राप्य एष काम्यो गुणविशेषो न चैनमभिलषन्ति च तपसि श्रूयते त्रिलोककृद् ब्रह्मा प्रभुरेकाकी तिष्ठति। ब्रह्मचारी न कामसुखेष्वात्मानमवदधाति। अपि च भगवान् विश्वेश्वर उमापतिः काममभिवर्तमानमनङ्गत्वेन शममनयत्। तस्माद् ब्रूमो न तु महात्मभिरयं प्रतिगृहीतो न त्वेषां तावद्विशिष्टो गुणविशेष इति। नैतद् भगवतः प्रत्येमि भगवता तूक्तं सुखान्न परमस्तीति लोकप्रवादो हि द्विविधः फलोदयः सुकृतात् सुखमवाप्यते दुष्कृताद् दुःखमिति॥
English: Bharadavaja said You have said that happiness is the greatest object. I do not understand this. This attribute of the soul which you describe as so desirable, is not sought by the Rishis who are engaged in something promising a greater reward. We have heard that the Creator of the three worlds, viz., the powerful Brahman, lives alone, observing the vow of celibacy. He never seeks happiness which is obtained from the gratification of desire. Also, the divine Master of the universe, the lord of Uma, reduced Kaima (god of love) to ashes. Therefore, we say that happiness is not sought by great people. Nor does it seem to be a high attribute of the Soul. I cannot believe what your divine self has said, viz., that there is nothing superior to happiness. It is merely a commonplace cant of the world that, there are two sorts of consequences of our acts, viz., the origin of happiness from good acts and of sorrow from sinful deeds.
Sanskrit: भृगुरुवाच अत्रोच्यते-अनृतात् खलु तमः प्रादुर्भूतं ततस्तमो ग्रस्ता अधर्ममेवानुवर्तन्ते न धर्मं क्रोधलोभहिंसानृतादिभिरवच्छन्ना न खल्वस्मिँल्लोके नामुत्र सुखमाजवन्ति। विविधव्याधिरुजोपतापैरवकीर्यन्ते। वधबन्धनपरिक्लेशादिभिश्च क्षुत्पिपासाश्रमकृतैरुपतापैरुपतप्यन्ते। वर्षवातात्युष्णातिशीतकृतैश्च प्रतिभयैः शारीरैर्दुःखैरुपतप्यन्ते। बन्धुधनविनाशविप्रयोगकृतैश्च
English: Bhrigu said The following is said on this topic : from Untruth originates Darkness. Those who are possessed by Darkness pursue only Unrighteousness and not Righteousness, being influenced by anger, cupidity, malice, falsehood, and similar evils. They never enjoy happiness either in this world or in the next. On the other hand, they are assailed by various sorts of disease and pain and trouble. They are also tortured by Death, imprisonment, and various other punishments, and by the sorrows originating from hunger, thirst and toil. They also suffer from endless physical troubles that originate from rain and wind and burning heat and excessive cold. They also suffer from numerous mental grief caused by loss of wealth and separation from friends, as also by griefs caused by decrepitude and death.
Sanskrit: मानसैः शोकैरभिभूयन्ते जरामृत्युकृतैश्चान्यैरिति॥ यस्त्वेतैः शारीरमानसैर्दुःखैन संस्पृश्यते स सुखं वेद।
English: Those who are free from all these sorts of physical and mental sufferings, know what happiness is.
Sanskrit: न चैते दोषाः स्वर्गे प्रादुर्भवन्ति। तत्र खलु भवन्ति॥ सुसुखः पवनः स्वर्गे गन्धश्च सुरभिस्तथा। क्षुत्पिपासा श्रमो नास्ति न जरा न च पापकम्॥
English: These evils do not exist in heaven. There sweet breezes blow. In heaven there is also external fragrance. In heaven there exists no hunger, no thirst, no decrepitude, no sin.
Sanskrit: नित्यमेव सुखं स्वर्गे सुखं दुःखमिहोभयम्। नरके दुःखमेवाहुः सुखं तत्परमं पदम्॥
English: In heaven there is perpetual happiness. Both happiness and misery exist in this world. In hell there is only misery. Happiness is, therefore, the greatest object of acquisition.
Sanskrit: पृथिवी सर्वभूताना जनित्री तद्विधाः स्त्रियः! पुमान् प्रजापतिस्तत्र शुक्रं तेजोमयं विदुः॥
English: The Earth gives birth of all creatures. Females partake of her nature. The male animal is like Prajapati himself. The seminal fluid, it should be known, is the creative energy.
Sanskrit: इत्येतल्लोकनिर्माणं ब्रह्मणा विहितं पुरा। प्रजाः समनुवर्तन्ते स्वैः स्वैः कर्मभिरावृताः॥
English: In days of yore thus did Brahman ordain that the creation should go on. Each, by his own deeds, obtain happiness and misery.
Sanskrit: भरद्वाज उवाच दानस्य किं फलं प्राहुर्धर्मस्य चरितस्य च। तपसश्च सुतप्तस्य स्वाध्यायस्य हुतस्य वा॥
English: Bharadwaja said, What is the fruit of gift? What of Righteousness? What of conduct? What Penances duly performed? What of the study and recitation of the Vedas? And what of purring libations upon the fire.
Sanskrit: भृगुरुवाच हुतेन शाम्यते पापं स्वाध्यायैः शान्तिरुत्तमा। दानेन भोगानित्याहुस्तपसा स्वर्गमाप्नुयात्॥
English: Sin is dissipated by pouring libations on the sacred fire. One comes by blessed place of mind, by study of the Vedas. One acquires pleasures and objects of enjoyment, by gift. One winesblissful heaven by Penances.
Sanskrit: दानं तु द्विविधं प्राहुः परत्रार्थमिहैव च। सद्भ्यो यद् दीयते किंचित् तत्परत्रोपतिष्ठते॥
English: Gift is said to be of two sorts : gifts for the other world, and those for this. Whatever is given to the good yields fruits to the giver in the other world.
Sanskrit: असद्भ्यो दीयते यत्तु तद् दानमिह भुज्यते। यादृशं दीयते दानं तादृशं फलमश्नुते॥
English: Whatever is given to those that are not good yields fruits in this world. The fruits of gifts are proportionate of the gifts offered.
Sanskrit: भरद्वाज उवाच किं कस्य धर्माचरणं किंवा धर्मस्य लक्षणम्। धर्मः कतिविधो वापि तद् भवान् वक्तुमर्हति॥
English: Bharadwaja said What duties should be performed by whom? What also are the characteristic marks। of duty? How many kinds of duty are there? You should tell me these.
Sanskrit: भृगुरुवाच स्वधर्माचरणे युक्ता ये भवन्ति मनीषिणः। तेषां स्वर्गफलावाप्तिर्योऽन्यथा स विमुह्यते॥
English: Bhrigu said The wise men who are engaged in performing the duties laid down for them, acquires heaven as their reward. By doing otherwise people are sullied with the sin of folly.
Sanskrit: भरद्वाज उवाच यदेतच्चातुराश्रम्यं ब्रह्मर्षिविहितं पुरा। तेषां स्वे स्वे समाचारास्तान् मे वक्तुमिहाहसि॥
English: Bharadwaja said You should tell me about the four modes of life that were formerly laid down by Brahman, also the practices enjoined for each of them.
Sanskrit: भृगुरुवाच पूर्वमेव भगवता ब्रह्मणा लोकहितमनुतिष्ठता धर्मसंरक्षणार्थमाश्रमाश्चत्वारोऽभिनिर्दिष्टाः। तत्र गुरुकुलवासमेव प्रथममाश्रममुदाहरन्ति। सम्यग् यत्र शौचसंस्कारनियमव्रतविनियतात्मा उभे संध्ये भास्कराग्निदैवतान्युपस्थाय विहाय तन्त्र्यालस्ये गुरोरभिवादनवेदाभ्यासश्रवणपवित्रीकृतान्तरात्मा त्रिषवणमुपस्पृश्य ब्रह्मचर्याग्निपरिचरणगुरुशुश्रूषानित्यभिक्षाभक्ष्यादि सर्वनिवेदितान्तरात्मा गुरुवचननिर्देशानुष्ठानाप्रतिकूलो गुरुप्रसादलब्धस्वाध्यायतत्परः स्यात्॥
English: Bhrigu said In days of yore, the divine Brahman, for the behoof of the world, and for the protection of righteousness, laid down for modes of life. Of them, to live in the house of the preceptor is the first (in order of time). In this mode of life one should have his soul cleansed by purity of conduct, by Vedic rites and by restraints and vows and humility. He should adore the morning and evening twilights the Sun, his own consecrated hearth, and the gods. He should shake off procrastination and idleness. He should purify his soul by saluting his preceptor, by studying the Vedas, and by attending to his preceptor's instructions. He should perform his ablutions thrice.
Sanskrit: भवति चात्र श्लोकः-गुरुं यस्तु समाराध्य द्विजो वेदमवाप्नुयात्। तस्य स्वर्गफलावाप्तिः सिध्यते चास्य मानसमिति॥
English: He should lead a life of celibacy; attend to his consecrated hearth serve his preceptor dutifully; daily go out for alms and give ungrudgingly to his preceptor the whole of what is got in alms. Carrying out willingly the behests of his preceptor, he should be ready to receive such Vedic instruction as his preceptor may give him as a favour. There is a verse on this subject : That Brahmana who receives his Veda by attending reverentially upon his preceptor, attains to heaven and acquires the fruition of all his desires.
Sanskrit: वानप्रस्थानां च द्रव्योपस्कार इति प्रायशाः खल्वेते साधवः साधुपथ्यौदनाः स्वाध्यायप्रसङ्गिनस्तीर्थाभिगमनदेशदशनार्थं पृथिवीं पर्यटन्ति, तेषां प्रत्युस्थानाभिगमनाभिवादनानसूय वाक्प्रदानसुखशक्त्यासनसुखशयनाभ्यवहरिसक्रिया चेति॥
English: The third mode of life is called the Vanaprastha or life in forest. Those that lead it, need not kcep in store wealth and articles. Living upon good food, and engaged in the study of the Vedas, generally those pious and god men walk over the Earth for visiting the sacred shrines and various other kingdoms. Standing up, advancing forward, sweet and sincere speeches, gifts according to the means of the giver, offer of seats and beds of the best sort, and presents of excellent viands, are some of the means for showing them regard.