pari-kulkarni/itihasa-sanskrit-en-filtered huggingface dataset:
Sanskrit: यजते नित्ययज्ञैश्च स्वाध्यायपरमः शुचिः। दान्तो ब्राह्मणसत्कर्ता सर्ववर्णबुभूषकः॥ गृहस्थव्रतमातिष्ठन् द्विकालकृतभोजनः। शेषाशी विजिताहारो निष्कामो निरहंवदः॥ अग्निहोत्रमुपासंश्च जुह्वानश्च यथाविधि। सर्वातिथ्यमुपातिष्ठशेषान्नकृतभोजनः॥ त्रेताग्निमन्त्रविहितो वैश्यो भवति वै द्विजः। स वैश्यः क्षत्रियकुले शुचौ महति जायते॥
English: He should worship the celestials in sacrifices, attend with devotion to the study and recitation of the Vedas, and become pure in body and mind. He should keep his senses under control, honour the Brahmanas, and seek the behoof of all the orders. Living like a householder and eating only twice a day at the appointed hours, he should satisfy his hunger with only such food as reinains after all the members of his family with dependants and guests have been fed. He should be abstemious in food, and act without being actuated by the desire of reward. He should be free from egotism. He should worship the deities in the Agnihotra and pour libations according to the ordinance. Performing the duties of hospitality towards all persons, he should, as already said, cat the food that remains after serving all others for whom it has been cooked. He should, according to the ordinances laid down, adore the three fires. Such a Vaishya of pure conduct is born in his next life in a high Kshatriya family.
Sanskrit: स वैश्यः क्षत्रियो जातो जन्मप्रभृति संस्कृतः। उपनीतो व्रतपरो द्विजो भवति सत्कृतः॥
English: If a Vaishya, after having taken birth as a Kshatriya, performs the usual purificatory rites, becomes invested with the sacred thread, and betakes himself of the observance of vows, he becomes, in his next life, an honoured Brahmana.
Sanskrit: ददाति यजते यज्ञैः समृद्धैराप्तदक्षिणैः। अधीत्य स्वर्गमन्विच्छंस्त्रेताग्निशरणः सदा॥
English: Indeed, after his birth as a Kshatriya, he should make presents, worship the deities in great sacrifices with profuse presents, study the Vedas, and desirous of attaining to Heaven, should adore the three fires.
Sanskrit: आर्तहस्तप्रदो नित्यं प्रजा धर्मेण पालयन्। सत्यः सत्यानि कुरुते नित्यं यः सुखदर्शनः॥
English: He should interfere for removing the sorrows of the distressed, and should always rightcously cherish and protect his subjects. He should be truthful, and do all true works, and seek happiness in conduct like this.
Sanskrit: धर्मदण्डो न निर्दण्डो धर्मकार्यानुशासकः। यन्त्रितः कार्यकरणैः षड्भागकृतलक्षणः॥
English: He should administer proper punishments, without laying aside the rod of punishment for good. He should induce men to do righteous deeds. Guided by considerations of policy, he should take a sixth of the produce of the fields.
Sanskrit: ग्राम्यधर्मे न सेवेते स्वच्छन्देनार्थकोविदः। ऋतुकाले तु धर्मात्मा पत्नीमुपशयेत् सदा॥
English: He should never indulge in sexual pleasure, but live cheerfully and independently, wellconversant with the science of Wealth or Profit. Of righteous soul, he should seek his married with only in her season.
Sanskrit: सदोपवासी नियतः स्वाध्यायनिरतः शुचिः। बर्हिष्कान्तरिते नित्यं शयानोऽग्निगृहे सदा॥
English: He should always observe fasts, keep his soul under restraint, devote himself to the study of the Vedas, and be pure in body and mind, He should sleep on blades of Kusha grass spread out in his fired chamber.
Sanskrit: सर्वातिथ्यं त्रिवर्गस्य कुर्वाण: सुमनाः सदा। शूद्राणां चान्नकामानां नित्यं सिद्धमिति ब्रुवन्॥
English: He should pursue the three-fold objects of life, and be always cheerful. He should always say "it is ready” to Shudras desirous of food.
Sanskrit: अर्थाद् वा यदि वा कामान्न किंचिदुपलक्षयेत्। पितृदेवातिथिकृते साधनं कुरुते च यः॥
English: He should never wish for anything from motives of gain or pleasure. He should adore the ancestors and gods and guests.
Sanskrit: स्ववेश्ननि यथान्यायमुपास्ते भक्ष्यमेव च। त्रिकालमग्निहोत्रं च जुह्वानो वै यथाविधि॥
English: In his own house he should live the life of a mendicant. He should duly worship the deities in his Agnihotra, morning, noon, and evening every day, by pouring libations according to the ordinance.
Sanskrit: गोब्राह्मणहितार्थाय रणे चाभिमुखो हतः। त्रेताग्निमन्त्रपूतात्मा समाविश्य द्विजो भवेत्॥
English: With his face turned towards the enemy, he should renounce his life-breaths in battle fought for the behoof of kine and Brahmanas. Or he may enter the three fires sanctified with Mantras and renounce his body. By doing all this he is born in his next life as a Brahmana.
Sanskrit: ज्ञानविज्ञानसम्पन्नः संस्कृतो वेदपारगः। विप्रो भवति धर्मात्मा क्षत्रियः स्वेन कर्मणा॥
English: Gifted with knowledge and science, purified from all dross, and fully conversant with the Vedas, a pious Kshatriya, by his own deeds, becomes, a Brahmana.
Sanskrit: एतैः कर्मफलैर्देवि न्यूनजातिकुलोद्धवः। शूद्रोऽप्यागमसम्पन्नो द्विजो भवति संस्कृतः॥
English: It is with the help of these deeds, goddess, that a person who has originated from a dreaded caste, viz., a Shudra, may become a Brahmana purged off of all sins and possessed of Vedic learning.
Sanskrit: ब्राह्मणो वाप्यसवृत्तः सर्वसंकरभोजनः। ब्राह्मण्यं स समुत्सृज्य शूद्रो भवति तादृशः॥
English: One who is a Brahmana, when he becomes wicked in conduct and observes no distinction about food, falls away from the status of Brahmanahood and becomes a Shudra.
Sanskrit: कर्मभिः शुचिभिर्देवि शुद्धात्मा विजितेन्द्रियः। शूद्रोऽपि द्विजवत् सेव्य इति ब्रह्माब्रवीत् स्वयम्॥४८
English: Even a Shudra, O goddess, who has purified his soul by pure deeds and who has controlled all his senses, deserves to be waited upon and served with respect as a Brahmana. This has been said by the SelfCreate Brahman himself.
Sanskrit: स्वभावः कर्म च शुभं यत्र शूद्रेऽपि तिष्ठति। विशिष्टः स द्विजाते विज्ञेय इति मे मतिः॥
English: When a pious nature and pious deeds are seen in even a Shudra, he should, according to my opinion, be held supcrior to a person of the three twiceborn classes.
Sanskrit: न योनि पि संस्कारो न श्रुतं न च संततिः। कारणानि द्विजत्वस्य वृत्तमेव तु कारणम्॥
English: Neither birth, nor the purificatory rites, nor learning, nor offspring, can be considered as grounds for conferring upon one the dignity of a twiceborn person Indeed, conduct is the only ground.
Sanskrit: सर्वोऽयं ब्राह्मणौ लोके वृत्तेन तु विधीयते। वृत्ते स्थितस्तु शूद्रोऽपि ब्राह्मणत्वं नियच्छति॥
English: All Brahmanas in this world are Brahmanas on account of conduct. A Shudra, if he is of good conduct, is considered as equal to a B-ahmana.
Sanskrit: ब्राह्मः स्वभावः सुश्रोणि समः सर्वत्र मे मतिः। निर्गुणं निर्मलं ब्रह्म यत्र तिष्ठति स द्विजः॥
English: The position of Brahma, O auspicious lady, is equal wherever it exists. This is my opinion. He, indeed, is a Brahmana in whom the dignity of Brahman exists, that condition which is bereft of qualities and which has no stain attached to it.
Sanskrit: एते योनिफला देवि स्थानभागनिदर्शकाः। स्वयं च वरदेनोक्ता ब्रह्मणा सृजता प्रजाः॥
English: The boongiving Brahman, while he created all creatures, himself said that the division of human beings into the four orders as dependant on birth is only for purposes of classification.
Sanskrit: ब्राह्मणोऽपि महत् क्षेत्रं लोके चरति पादवत्। यत् तत्र बीजं वपति सा कृषिः प्रेत्य भाविनि॥
English: The Brahmana is a great field in this world, a field having feet, for it moves from place to place. He who plants seeds in that field, O beautiful lady, reaps the corps in the next world.
Sanskrit: विघसाशिना सदा भाव्यं सत्पथालम्बिना तथा। ब्राह्मं हि मार्गमाक्रम्य वर्तितव्यं बुभूषता॥
English: That Brahmana who wishes to secure his own good, should always live upon the remains of the food that may remain in his house after satisfying the need of all others. He should always follow the path of virtue. Indeed, he should tread along the path of Brahma.
Sanskrit: संहिताध्यायिना भाव्यं गृहे वै गृहमेधिना। नित्यं स्वाध्यायिना भाव्यं च चाध्ययनजीविना॥
English: He should live, engaged in the study of the Samhitas, and remaining at home he should perform all the duties of a householder. He should always be given to the study of the Vedas, but be should never derive the means of livelihood from such study.
Sanskrit: एवंभूतो हि यो विप्रः सत्पथं सत्पथे स्थितः। आहिताग्निरधीयानो ब्रह्मभूयाय कल्पते॥
English: That Brahmana who always acts thus, following the path of virtue, adoring his sacred fire, and engaged in the study of the Vedas, comes to be considered as Brahma.
Sanskrit: ब्राह्मण्यं देवि सम्प्राप्य रक्षितव्यं यतात्मना। योनिप्रतिग्रहादानैः कर्मभिश्च शुचिस्मिते॥
English: Having acquired the position of a Brahinana, it should always be protected with care, O you of sweet smiles, by avoiding the stain of contact with persons born in inferior castes, by abstaining from the acceptance of gifts, and by other acts laid down in the scriptures.
Sanskrit: एतत् ते गुह्यमाख्यातं यथा शूद्रो भवेद् द्विजः। ब्राह्मणो वा च्युतो धर्माद् यथा शूद्रत्वमाप्नुते॥
English: I have thus told you a mystery, viz., the manner in which a Shudra may become a Brahmana, or that by which a Brahmana falls away from his own pure position and becomes a Shudra, stain of contact with persons born in inferior castes, by abstaining from the acceptance of gifts, and by other acts laid down in the scriptures.
Sanskrit: एतत् ते गुह्यमाख्यातं यथा शूद्रो भवेद् द्विजः। ब्राह्मणो वा च्युतो धर्माद् यथा शूद्रत्वमाप्नुते॥
English: I have thus told you a mystery, viz., the manner in which a Shudra may become a Brahmana, or that by which a Brahmana falls away from his own pure position and becomes a Shudra,
Sanskrit: संजय उवाच वाक्शल्यैस्तव पुत्रेण सोऽतिविद्धो महामनाः। दुःखेन महताऽऽविष्टो नोवाचाप्रियमण्वपि॥
English: Sanjaya said Thereupon the high-souled Bhishma, thus deeply pierced by the dagger-like words of your son and overwhelmed with grief, spoke not even a single disagreeable word to your son.
Sanskrit: स ध्यात्वा सुचिरं कालं दुःखरोषसमन्वितः। श्वसमानो यथा नागः प्रणुन्नो वाक्शलाकया।॥
English: Thus mutilated with those 'worldly daggers' and sighing like a snake, and meditating for a while, and possessed with rage and sorrow,
Sanskrit: उद्धृत्य चक्षुषी कोपानिर्दहन्निव भारत। सदेवासुरगन्धर्व लोकं लोकविदां वरः॥
English: And raising, out of wrath, his two eyes, as if, O Bharata, desirous of consuming the universe with the celestial, the Gandharvas, and the Asuras, that foremost of those learned in the ways of the world (viz., Bhishma),
Sanskrit: अब्रवीत् तव पुत्रं स सामपूर्वमिदं वचः। किं त्वं दुर्योधनैवं मां वाक्शल्यैरपकृन्तसि॥
English: Coolly addressed these words to your son "Why, O Duryodhana, are you piercing me with these harrowing words of yours'
Sanskrit: घटमानं यथाशक्ति कुर्वाणं च तव प्रियम्। जुह्वानं समरे प्राणांस्तव वै प्रियकाम्यया॥
English: Me who ever endeavoring to the best of my abilities to accomplish what will be for your benefit, me who am ready to lay down my very life in battle, for doing good to you?
Sanskrit: यदा तु पाण्डवः शूरः खाण्डवेऽग्निमतर्पयत्। पराजित्य रणे शक्रं पर्याप्तं तन्निदर्शनम्॥
English: Is not this sufficient indication (of his invincibility) that heroic son of Pandavas and (Arjuna), gratified Agni by allowing it to consume the Khandava foremost, after having vanquished his opponents in battle?
Sanskrit: यदा च त्वां महाबाहो गन्धर्वैर्हतमोजसा। अमोचयत् पाण्डुसुतः पर्याप्तं तन्निदर्शनम्॥
English: When, O mighty-armed hero, that son of Pandu released, with force, you captured by the Gandharvas, that indeed, is indication enough (of his prowess)
Sanskrit: द्रवमाणेषु शूरेषु सोदरेषु तव प्रभो सूतपुत्रे च राधेये पर्याप्तं तन्निदर्शनम्॥
English: On that occasion when your uterine brothers of great heroism, as also, O lord, Radha's son of Suta race had fled forsaking you, the rescue effected by Arjuna is indeed indication enough of his prowess.
Sanskrit: यच्च नः सहितान् सर्वान् विराटनगरे तदा। एक एव समुद्यातः पर्याप्तं तन्निदर्शनम्॥
English: That in the kingdom of Virata, singlehanded, he encountered our assembled host is indication enough.
Sanskrit: द्रोणं च युधि संरब्धं मां च निर्जित्य संयुगे। वासांसि स समादत्त पर्याप्तं तन्निदर्शनम्॥
English: That vanquishing the wrathful Drona and myself in battle, he succeeded in taking off our raiment's, is indication enough.
Sanskrit: तथा द्रौणि महेष्वासं शारद्वतमथापि च। गोग्रहे जितवान् पूर्वं पर्याप्तं तन्निदर्शनम्॥
English: That he conquered the great bowman, the son of Drona as also the son of Sharadvata on the occasion of the capture of the capture of Virata's kine, is indeed indication enough.
Sanskrit: विजित्य च यदा कर्णं सदा पुरुषमानिनम्। उत्तरायै ददौ वस्त्रं पर्याप्तं तन्निदर्शनम्॥
English: That conquering Karna ever bragging of his manliness, he gave robes to Uttara is a sufficient indication.
Sanskrit: निवातकवचान् युद्धे वासवेनापि दुर्जयान्। जितवान् समरे पार्थः पर्याप्तं तन्निदर्शनम्॥
English: That the son of Pritha vanquished in battle the Nivatakavacha brothers difficult of vanquishment by Indra himself is indication enough of his velour.
Sanskrit: को हि शक्तो रणे जेतुं पाण्डवं रभसं तदा। यस्य गोप्ता जगद्गोप्ता शङ्खचक्रगदाधरः॥
English: What man is capable of conquering the mighty son of Pandu, who is protected by the Protector of the worlds, the wielder of the conch, discus and the mace divine.
Sanskrit: वासुदेवोऽनन्तशक्तिः सृष्टिसंहारकारकः। सर्वेश्वरो देवदेवः परमात्मा सनातनः॥
English: The son of Vasudeva is of infinite prowess, and is the Destroyer of this creation. He is the Lord of all, the God of Gods, the Supreme Soul and Eternal.
Sanskrit: उक्तोऽसि बहुशो राजन् नारदाद्यैर्महर्षिभिः। त्वं तु मोहान्न जानीषे वाच्यावाच्यं सुयोधन॥
English: Diversely, O king, has He been described by Narada and other illustrious sages. But through your folly, O Suyodhana, you do not seem to recognise what you should do and what you should not.
Sanskrit: मुमूर्षुर्हि नरः सर्वान् वृक्षान् पश्यति काञ्चनान्। तथा त्वमपि गान्धारे विपरीतानि पश्यसि॥
English: A man on the brink of death sees everything to be made of gold; so also, O son of Gandhari, you see everything to be invested with a yellow hue.
Sanskrit: स्वयं वैरं महत् कृत्वा पाण्डवैः सह संजयैः। युद्ध्यस्व तानन रणे पश्यामः पुरुषो भव॥
English: You have yourself sowed implacably enmity between yourself on the one side and the Pandavas and Srinjayas on the other. Let us now see you fight with them in battle. Display your manliness.
Sanskrit: अहं तु सोमकान् सर्वान् पञ्चालांश्च समागतान्। निहनिष्ये नरव्याघ्र वर्जयित्वा शिखण्डिनम्॥
English: I, however, O foremost of men, shall slay the assembled Panchalas and Somakas excepting only Shikhandin.
Sanskrit: तैर्वाऽहं निहत: संख्ये गमिष्ये यमसादनम्। तान् वा निहत्य समरे प्रीतिं दास्याम्यहं तव॥
English: Either slain by them in battle, I shall go to the mansion of Death or slaying them I shall afford delight to you.
Sanskrit: पूर्वं हि स्त्री समुत्पन्ना शिखण्डी राजवेश्मनि। वरदानात् पुमाञ्जातः सैषा वै स्त्री शिखण्डिनी॥
English: In the palace of Draupada, Shikhandin was first born as a woman; then through the virtue of a boon he became a male being. This one is the Shikhandin of old.
Sanskrit: तमहं न हनिष्यामि प्राणत्यागेऽपि भारत! याऽसौ प्रानिर्मिता धात्रा सैषा वै स्त्री शिखण्डिनी।।
English: Even if I were to loose my life, O Bharata, I shall not slay him. This now is the same Shikhandin whom the creator made a female.
Sanskrit: सुखं स्वपिहि गान्धारे श्वोऽपि कर्ता महारणम्। यं जनाः कथयिष्यन्ति यावत् स्थास्यति मेदिनी॥
English: Pass the night in tranquil sleep, O son of Gandhari; tomorrow I shall fight a terrible fight, of which men shall speak so long as the earth will endure."
Sanskrit: एवमुक्तस्तव सुतो निर्जगाम जनेश्वर। अभिवाद्य गुरुं मूर्धा प्रययौ स्वं निवेशनम्॥
English: This spoken to, your son, O ruler of men, came out and saluting the reverend signor, with his head, he (your son) replied to his own tent.
Sanskrit: आगम्य तु ततो राजा विसृज्य च महाजनम्। प्रविवेश ततस्तूर्णं क्षयं शत्रुक्षयङ्करः॥
English: Thereafter the king reaching his own tent, and ordering his illustrious officers to retire, that destroyer of foes entered his own camp.
Sanskrit: प्रविष्टः स निशां तां च गमयामास पार्थिवः। प्रभातायां च शर्वर्यां प्रातरुत्थाय तान् नृपः॥
English: There in his tent that ruler of men passed the night. When the night had passed away, the king, rising at the break of day,
Sanskrit: राज्ञः समाज्ञापयत सेनां योजयतेति हा अद्य भीष्मो रणे क्रुद्धोनिहनिष्यति सोमकान्॥
English: Ordered, his royal warriors saying 'Arrange the forces in battle-order. Today, waxing irascible in battle, Bhishma shall slay the Somakas.'
Sanskrit: दुर्योधनस्य तच्छ्रुत्वा रात्रौ विलपितं बहु। मन्यमानः स तं राजन् प्रत्यादेशमिवात्मनः॥
English: Having heard those copious lamentation of Duryodhana in the night, and regarding them, O king, as commands to himself,
Sanskrit: निर्वेदं परमं गत्वा विनिन्द्य परवश्यताम्। दीर्घ दध्यौ शान्तनवो योद्धकामोऽर्जुनं रणे॥
English: The son of Shantanu was greatly depressed; and he censored the life of dependency and reflected for a long time, desirous of encountering Arjuna in battle.
Sanskrit: इङ्गित्तेन तु तज्ज्ञात्वा गाङ्गेयेन विचिन्तितम्। दुर्योधनो महाराज दुःशासनमचोदयत्।॥
English: Coming to know from outward expressions what the son of Ganga had been thinking of, Duryodhana, O mighty monarch ordered Dushasana saying.
Sanskrit: दुःशासन रथास्तूर्णं युज्यन्तां भीष्मरक्षिणः। द्वाविंशतिमनीकानि सर्वाण्येवाभिचोदय॥
English: "O Dushasana, without delay draw up our chariots for protecting Bhishma. Urge to battle all our two and twenty divisions.
Sanskrit: इदं हि समनुप्राप्तं वर्षपूगाभिचिन्तितम्। पाण्डवानां ससैन्यानां वधो राज्यस्य चागमः॥
English: Even that for which we have been longing all these yards, have now come to pass, viz., the slaughter of the Pandavas with all their troops and the acquisition of the kingdom by ourselves.
Sanskrit: तत्र कार्यतमं मन्ये भीष्मस्यैवाभिरक्षणम्। स नो गुप्तः सहायः स्याद्वन्यात् पार्थांश्च सयुगे॥
English: Therefore, I now consider our highest duty to be the protection of Bhishma. Protected and assisted by us, he will slay the Parthas in battle.
Sanskrit: अब्रवीद्धि विशुद्धात्मा नाहं हन्यां शिखण्डिनम्। स्त्रीपूर्वको ह्यसौ राजस्तस्माद् वयॊ मया रणे॥
English: That pure-souled one had said 'I will not slay Shikhandin; for this one was a female before, O king, so I should avoid him in battie.
Sanskrit: लोकस्तद् वेद यदहं पितुः प्रियचिकीर्षया। राज्यं स्फीतं महाबाहो स्त्रियश्च त्यक्तवान् पुरा॥ श्रुतः।
English: All the world know, that to compass the pleasure of my father, O mighty armed one, I formerly relinquished a swelling kingdom and the company of woman.
Sanskrit: नैवं ग्राहं स्त्रियं जातु न स्त्रीपूर्वं कथंचन। हन्यां युधि नरश्रेष्ठ सत्यमेतद् ब्रवीमि ते॥
English: Therefore, O foremost of men, I will not slay in battle females or those who were females before. I tell this truly.
Sanskrit: अयं स्त्रीपूर्वको राजच्छिखण्डी यदि ते उद्योगे कथितं यत्तत् तथा जाता शिखण्डिनी॥
English: Before the commencement of the battle I have told you, and you have heard that this Shikhandin was born formerly as a female and was called Shikhandin.
Sanskrit: कन्या भूत्वा पुमाञ्जातः स च मां योधयिष्यति। तस्याहं प्रमुखे बाणान् न मुञ्चेयं कथंचन॥
English: Born as a female child she has come to be a man. If now I am to fight with him I will sped my shafts towards him on no account.
Sanskrit: युद्धे हि क्षत्रियांस्तात पाण्डवानां जयैषिणः। सर्वानन्यान् हनिष्यामि सम्प्राप्तान रणमूर्धनि॥
English: I will, O sire, slay all other Kshatriyas in battle, who, desirous of victory to the Pandavas, shall happen to encounter me in the van of the battle.'
Sanskrit: एवं मां भरतश्रेष्ठ गाङ्गेयः प्राह शास्त्रवित्। तत्र सर्वात्मना मन्ये गाङ्गेयस्यैव पालनम्॥
English: Thus did that foremost of the Bharatas, accomplished in the Vedas, namely the son of Ganga address me. So I consider our foremost duty to be the protection of Ganga's son to the best of our abilities.
Sanskrit: अरक्ष्यमाणं हि वृको हन्यात् सिंहं महाहवे। मा वृकेणेव गांगेयं घातयेम शिखण्डिना॥
English: If left unprotected, in a great forest, even a wolf can slay a lion. We should not allow Ganga's son to be slain by Shikhandi like a lion slain by a wolf.
Sanskrit: मातुल: शकुनिः शल्यः कृपो द्रोणो विविंशतिः। यत्ता रक्षन्तु गाङ्गेय तस्मिन् गुप्ते ध्रुवो जयः॥ ।
English: Our maternal uncle Shakuni, Shalya, Kripa, Drona, and Vivingshati, should protect, putting forth their best energies, the son of Ganga. If he is duly protected, victory indubitably will be ours."
Sanskrit: एतच्छ्रुत्वा तु ते सर्वे दुर्योधनवचस्तदा। सर्वतो रथवंशेन गाङ्गेयं पर्यवारयन्॥
English: Hearing these words of Duryodhana, all those warriors surrounded on all sides with a host of cars, the son of Ganga.
Sanskrit: पुत्राश्च तव गाङ्गेय परिवार्य युयुर्मुदा। कम्पयन्तो भुवं द्यां च क्षोभयन्तश्च पाण्डवान्॥
English: Then your sons, surrounding Ganga's son, proceeded to battle shaking the earth and the heavens and agitating the Pandavas.
Sanskrit: ते रथैः सुसम्प्रयुक्तैर्दन्तिभिश्च महारथाः। परिवार्य रणे भीष्मं दंशिताः समवस्थिताः॥
English: The mighty car-warriors of the Kurus, clad in Armour, and supported by those cars and many elephants formed themselves in battlearray encircling Bhishma.
Sanskrit: यथा देवासुरे युद्धे त्रिदशा वज्रधारिणम्। सर्वे ते स्म व्यतिष्ठन्ति रक्षन्तस्तं महारथम्॥
English: Protecting that mighty car-warrior Bhishma, they stood like the celestial protecting the wielder of the thunder-bolt in the battle between themselves and the Asuras.
Sanskrit: ततो दुर्योधनो राजा पुनर्घातरमब्रवीत्। सव्यं चक्रं युधामनुरुत्तमौजाश्च दक्षिणम्॥ गोप्तारावर्जुनस्यैतावर्जुनोऽपि शिखण्डिनः। रक्ष्माणः स पार्थेन तथास्माभिर्विवर्जितः॥ यथा भीष्मं न नो हन्याद् दुःशासन तथा कुरु। भ्रातुस्तद् वचनं श्रुत्वा पुत्रो दुःशासनस्तव॥
English: Thereafter king Duryodhana addressing his brothers once more said “Yudhamanyu protects the left wheel of Arjuna's chariot and Uttamaujas protects the right. Thus protected, Arjuna protects Shikhandin. O Dushasana, so arrange, that Shikhandin, thus protected by Arjuna, may not slay Bhishma left unprotected by ourselves.” Hearing the words of his brothers, your son Dushasana,
Sanskrit: भीष्मं प्रमुखतः कृत्वा प्रययौ सह सेनया। भीष्मं तु रथवंशेन दृष्ट्वा समभिसंवृतम्।।५०।
English: Placing Bhishma at the van proceeded to battle, surrounded by the troops. Beholding Bhishma thoroughly encompassed by a host of cars,
Sanskrit: अर्जुनो रथिनां श्रेष्ठो धृष्टद्युम्नमुवाच ह। शिखण्डिनं नरव्याघ्नं भीष्मस्य प्रमुखे नृप। स्थापयस्वाद्य पाञ्चाल्य तस्य गोप्ताहमित्युत॥
English: Arjuna, the foremost of car-warrior said to Dhrishtadyumna; Let, O Prince of the Panchalas, Shikhandin, that foremost of men be placed face to face with Bhishma. I myself will be his protector, O Prince.
Sanskrit: उमोवाच भगवन् सर्वभूतेश देवासुरनमस्कृत। धर्माधर्मी नृणां देव ब्रूहि मेऽसंशयं विभो॥
English: Uma said O Holy One, O lord of all beings, O you adored of deities and Asuras equally, tell me what are the duties and derelictions of men. Indeed, O powerful one, remove my doubts.
Sanskrit: कर्मणा मनसा वाचा त्रिविधं हि नरः सदा। बध्यते बन्धनैः पाशैर्मुच्यतेऽप्यथवा पुनः॥
English: It is by these three, viz., thought, word, and deed, that men become fettered with bonds. It is by the same three that they become freed from these fetters.
Sanskrit: केन शीलेन वृत्तेन कर्मणा कीदृशेन वा। समाचारैर्गुणैः कैर्वा स्वर्गे यान्तीह मानवाः॥
English: By following what conduct, Ogod, indeed, by what kind of acts, by what behaviour and qualities and words, do men succeed in ascending to Heaven?
Sanskrit: श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच देवि धर्मार्थतत्त्वज्ञे धर्मनित्ये दमे रते। सर्वप्राणिहितः प्रश्नः श्रूयतां बुद्धिवर्धनः॥
English: The God of Gods said O goddess, you are well conversant with the true meaning of duties. You are ever devoted to Virtue and Self-control. The question you have asked me is fraught with the benefit of all creatures. It increases the intelligence of all persons. Do you, therefore, listen to the answer.
Sanskrit: सत्यधर्मरताः सन्तः सर्वलिङ्गविवर्जिताः। धर्मलब्धार्थभोक्तारस्ते नरा: स्वर्गगामिनः॥
English: Those persons who are devoted to the Religion of Truth, who are righteous and destitute of the indications of the several modes of life, and who enjoy the wealth acquired by fair means, succeeds in ascending to Heaven.
Sanskrit: नाधर्मेण न धर्मेण बध्यन्ते छिन्नसंशयाः। प्रलयोत्पत्तितत्त्वज्ञाः सर्वज्ञाः सर्वदर्शिनः॥ वीतरागा विमुच्यन्ते पुरुषाः कर्मबन्धनैः।
English: Those men who are freed froin all doubts, who are gifted with omniscience, and who have eyes for seeing all things, are never fettered by either virtue or sin. Those men who are shorn of all attachments, can never be fettered by the chains of action.