Title: DiffPBR: Point-Based Rendering via Spatial-Aware Residual Diffusion
Primary area: applications to computer vision, audio, language, and other modalities
Keywords: Point-based graphics, Novel view synthesis, Neural rendering

Abstract: Neural radiance fields and 3D Gaussian splatting (3DGS) have significantly advanced 3D reconstruction and novel view synthesis (NVS). Yet, achieving high-fidelity and view-consistent renderings directly from point clouds---without costly per-scene optimization---remains a core challenge. In this work, we present DiffPBR, a diffusion-based framework that synthesizes coherent, photorealistic renderings from diverse point cloud inputs. We demonstrate that diffusion models, when guided by viewpoint-projected noise explicitly constrained by scene geometry and visibility, naturally enforce geometric consistency across camera motion. To achieve this, we first introduce adaptive CoNo-Splatting, a technique for fast and faithful rasterization that ensures efficient and effective handling of point clouds. Secondly, we integrate residual learning into the neural re-rendering pipeline, which improves convergence, generalization, and visual quality across diverse rendering tasks. Extensive experiments show that our method outperforms existing baselines with an improvement of **3~5dB** in rendered image quality, a reduction from **41 to 8** in GPU hours for training, and an increase from **3.6fps to 10fps** in rendering speed frequency.

TL;DR: A novel method for point cloud rendering