The Relationship Between Pes Planus, Diaphragm, Postural Control, and Plantar Pressure
NCT Number: NCT06491212
Status: RECRUITING
Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
Phases: NA
Conditions: Pes Planus|Diaphragm Issues|Plantar Pressure|Postural Control
Interventions: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST: Determination of Foot Deformity Level|DIAGNOSTIC_TEST: Foot Function Index|DIAGNOSTIC_TEST: UFAA-International Physical Activity Questionnaire|DIAGNOSTIC_TEST: Diaphragm ultrasound measurements|DIAGNOSTIC_TEST: NeuruCom Balance Master Balnce and Performans Test|DIAGNOSTIC_TEST: Plantar Pressure Assessment
Sponsor: Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University
Sex: ALL
Age: ADULT
Enrollment: 34
Study Design: Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED|Intervention Model: PARALLEL|Masking: NONE|Primary Purpose: DIAGNOSTIC
Start Date: 2024-05-01
Completion Date: 2024-10-15
Locations: Alanyaaku, Antalya, Alanya, Turkey

Summary:
Our primary aim is to compare diaphragm function (resting thickness, activity/resting thickness ratio indicating contractility), postural control, and plantar pressure between individuals with pes planus and healthy controls without pes planus.

Primary Outcome Measures: Navicular Drop Test, One of the methods used in our study to determine the presence and degree of pes planus is the navicular drop test. If the navicular height difference is between 6-9 mm, it is considered normal MLA, and if it is 10 mm or more, it is considered pes planus., The evaluation will be conducted once and will be completed within 12 months.|Foot Function Index, The Foot Function Index consists of 3 subscales: pain, disability and activity limitation. The pain subscale, consisting of nine items, measures the level of foot pain in various situations, while the disability subscale determines the degree of difficulty in performing various functional activities due to foot problems. The five-item activity limitation subscale assesses limitations in activities due to foot problems. Individuals score all items using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), taking into account their foot condition one week ago. To calculate subscale and total scores, the score for each item is summed, divided by the sum of the maximum scores of the items and multiplied by 100. Higher scores indicate more pain, disability and activity limitation., The evaluation will be conducted once and will be completed within 12 months.|UFAA-International Physical Activity Questionnaire, In our study, the self-administered short form of the questionnaire, which includes the "last seven days", will be used to assess physical activity level. Minutes, days and METs (multiples of resting oxygen consumption) are multiplied to obtain a score as "MET-minutes/week". Physical activity levels are classified as physically inactive (\<600 MET-min/week), low physical activity (600 - 3000 MET-min/week) and adequate physical activity (\>3000 MET-min/week). In the calculation of energy expenditure for physical activities, the weekly duration (minutes) of each activity is multiplied by the MET energy values created for the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Thus, energy expenditures for vigorous, moderate, walking, sitting and total physical activities for each individual are obtained in MET-min/week., TThe evaluation will be conducted once and will be completed within 12 months.|Evaluation of Diaphragmatic Functions, The evaluations will be performed with B-mode for bilateral hemidiaphragm in the supine position of the participant. Thickness measurements will be made between hyperechoic peritoneal and pleural borders and recorded in mm (24,25). The thickening fraction (%), which shows the constrictibility of the muscle, in other words, the change in thickness, will be calculated using the formula "(deep inspiration thickness-calm expiration thickness) x 100 / calm expiration thickness, The evaluation will be conducted once and will be completed within 12 months.|Evaluation Balance, NeuroCom Balance Master balance and performance test device (NeuroCom System Version 8.1.0, B 100718, 1989- 2004 NeuroCom® International Inc. USA) will be used for the evaluation of balance. Balance master is a valid and reliable test device widely used in postural stability, static and dynamic balance measurements., The evaluation will be conducted once and will be completed within 12 months.|Plantar Pressure Assessment, Tekscan MatScan™ Pressure Mat System (Tekscan Inc. Boston, USA) will be used to evaluate plantar pressure in the study.The assessments will be performed statically and dynamically. COF ellipse area (cm2), COF velocity (cm/s), COF deviation length (cm), anteroposterior deviation COFx (cm), mediolateral deviation COFy (cm) data obtained in the evaluations and weight values for right-left and anteroposterior feet will be recorded., The evaluation will be conducted once and will be completed within 12 months.