Behavioral Mechanisms and Health Outcomes of Positive Psychological Intervention
NCT Number: NCT06483568
Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
Phases: NA
Conditions: Well-Being, Psychological
Interventions: BEHAVIORAL: Pathways to Happiness Intervention|BEHAVIORAL: Personal Organization Activities
Sponsor: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
Sex: ALL
Age: ADULT, OLDER_ADULT
Enrollment: 250
Study Design: Allocation: RANDOMIZED|Intervention Model: PARALLEL|Masking: DOUBLE (PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR)|Primary Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
Start Date: 2024-07-15
Completion Date: 2025-07-01

Summary:
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if engaging in a multi-activity positive psychology intervention increases emotional well-being

The main aims of this project are to:

1. Test the efficacy of a multi-activity positive psychology intervention for increasing emotional well-being in a racial-ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample.
2. Identify physical and social behavioral mechanisms driving positive psychology intervention effects on emotional well-being change and the durability of these effects over time.
3. Examine physical health outcomes stemming from emotional well-being gains.

Participants will:

Visit the laboratory three times to complete survey measures and physical assessments.

Complete brief survey items three times a day for 10 weeks of the study period. Engage with assigned activities weekly for four weeks of the study period.

Primary Outcome Measures: Life Satisfaction, Satisfaction with Life Scale, 1-7 scale, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Positive Affect, Scale of Positive and Negative Affect, 1-5 scale, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Negative Affect, Scale of Positive and Negative Affect, 1-5 scale, lower scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Meaning in Life, Meaning in Life Questionnaire, 1-7 scale, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Optimism, Life Orientation Test-Revised, 1-5 scale, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Perceived General Health, Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), General Health Perceptions Subscale, 1-5, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Blood Pressure, Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure In-lab measurement with OMRON 10 Series Wireless Upper Arm Blood Pressure Monitor, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Heart Rate, In-lab measurement with OMRON 10 Series Wireless Upper Arm Blood Pressure Monitor, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Peak Expiratory Flow Rate, In-lab measurement with EasyOne Air Spirometer, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Grip Strength, In-lab measurement with Jamar Plus+ Digital Hand Dynamometer, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Momentary Mood, Rate your current mood. 1 (very bad) to 7 (very good), higher scores better, 3x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20|Momentary Meaning in Life, Daily Meaning Scale, 1-7, higher scores better, 3x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20
Secondary Outcome Measures: Amusement, Dispositional Positive Emotions Scale, 1-7, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Awe, Dispositional Positive Emotions Scale, 1-7, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Compassion, Dispositional Positive Emotions Scale, 1-7, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Contentment, Dispositional Positive Emotions Scale, 1-7, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Joy, Dispositional Positive Emotions Scale, 1-7, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Love, Dispositional Positive Emotions Scale, 1-7, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Pride, Dispositional Positive Emotions Scale, 1-7, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Hope, State Hope Scale, 1-8, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Depression, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, 0-27, lower scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Anxiety, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, 1-4, lower scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Perceived Stress, Perceived Stress Scale, 0-4, lower scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Loneliness, UCLA Loneliness Scale, 1-4, lower scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Social Connectedness, Comprehensive Inventory of Thriving, 1-5, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Social Support, Perceived Social Support Scale, 1-5, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Sleep Quality, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, 0-21, lower scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Cigarette Use, cigarette smoking days/month x cigarettes per average smoking day, lower scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Tobacco Use (non-cigarette products), tobacco use days/month x average uses per day of using, lower scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Alcohol Use, days in last month drinking x average number of drinks/drinking day, lower scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Vigorous Activity Level, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, days/week x minutes/day, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Moderate Activity Level, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, days/week x minutes/day, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Walking, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, days/week x minutes/day, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Physical Functioning, MOS Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Physical Functioning Subscale, 1-3, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Role Functioning--Physical, MOS Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Physical Role Functioning Subscale, 0-4, lower scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Role Functioning--Emotional, MOS Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Emotional Role Functioning Subscale, 0-3, lower scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Social Functioning, MOS Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Social Functioning Subscale, 0-5, lower scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Sitting, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, hours/weekday, lower scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Bodily Pain, MOS Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Pain Subscale, 2-11, lower scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|General Mental Health, MOS Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), General Mental Health Subscale, 1-6, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Vitality, MOS Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Vitality Subscale, 1-6, higher scores better, baseline, immediate post-treatment, 14-week post-treatment follow-up|Momentary physical activity, Physical activity behaviors checklist, 0-3, higher scores better, 3x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20|Momentary tobacco use, Have you used a tobacco product in the previous 4 hours? 0 (no)/1(yes), lower scores better, 3x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20|Momentary alcohol use, Have you consumed alcohol in the previous 4 hours? 0 (no)/1(yes), lower scores better, 3x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20|Momentary eating, Have you eaten \[fruit or vegetable/sugary dessert, snack, or beverage\] in the previous 4 hours? 0-2, higher scores better, 3x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20|Momentary connective Behaviors, Connective behaviors checklist, 0-5, higher scores better, 3x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20|Momentary Stress, How stressed do you feel right now? 1(not at all) to 7 (very much), lower scores better, 3x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20|Momentary Depression, How depressed do you feel right now? 1(not at all) to 7 (very much), lower scores better, 3x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20|Momentary Anxiety, How anxious do you feel right now? 1(not at all) to 7 (very much), lower scores better, 3x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20|Momentary Loneliness, How lonely do you feel right now? 1(not at all) to 7 (very much), lower scores better, 3x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20|Momentary Perceived General Health, How do you feel in terms of your physical health right now? 1 (poor) to 5 (excellent), higher scores better, 3x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20|Sleep Quality, How would you rate the quality of your sleep last night? 1 (very bad) to 4 (very good), higher scores better, 1x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20|Sleep Duration, Wake up time - (lights out time + time to fall asleep), higher scores better, 1x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20|Common Symptoms Checklist, 1-5, lower scores better, 1x daily; weeks 1-8, 19, 20