18F-FET-PET/MRI vs Standard MRI Alone for Stereotactic RadioTherapy Planning for High Grade Brain Gliomas
NCT Number: NCT06499831
Acronym: FETSMaRT
Status: ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
Phases: NA
Conditions: Glioma, Malignant
Interventions: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST: 0-(2-18F-Fluoroethyl)-L-Tyrosine
Sponsor: Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
Sex: ALL
Age: ADULT, OLDER_ADULT
Enrollment: 30
Study Design: Allocation: NA|Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP|Masking: NONE|Primary Purpose: DIAGNOSTIC
Start Date: 2021-12-15
Completion Date: 2025-01-31
Locations: Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, M4N2M5, Canada

Summary:
Amino acid PET imaging for brain gliomas is gaining acceptance for the diagnosis and monitoring of disease. This is commonly performed in Europe. There is an opportunity to develop this tracer for use in Ontario, specifically for accurate delineation of disease for therapy planning and for prediction of disease recurrence, which is difficult with conventional imaging and clinical assessment techniques. The goals of this project are to develop this tracer in our local setting for use in our patients, provide evidence in the Ontario setting of its utility in addressing these unmet needs, and provide pilot evidence for future clinical trials.

Gliomas are primary malignancies of the brain. The most aggressive and common form is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which accounts for more than 60% of all primary brain malignancies . The standard of care for patients with glioblastoma is maximally safe resection of the enhancing tumor regions and the necrotic core followed by radiotherapy with concurrent temozolomide. MRI is widely accepted as the method of choice for treatment planning and for following these patients to predict and to detect recurrent disease.

High grade gliomas represent the most common primary brain malignancy and prognosis remains poor. The most common subtype is glioblastoma which has a 5-year survival rate of approximately 5% . Despite advances in MRI techniques, prediction and diagnosis of treatment failure remains a challenge. The result is frequent imaging mixed with uncertainty regarding the presence of viable tumor versus post-treatment effects. Furthermore, follow-up of these patients represents a high cost to the health system while symptom or disease control remains limited. A more accurate means identifying viable tumor is needed to guide management, reduce costs, and ultimately to improve patient survival and quality of life.

0-(2-18F-Fluoroethyl)-L-Tyrosine positron emission tomography (FET) is an amino acid agent derived from tyrosine that is able to cross the blood brain barrier. It has been studied primarily in diagnosis and detection of tumor recurrence in glioblastomas with emerging evidence for its use in brain metastases. Compared to conventional MRI, FET-PET has been shown to delineate geographically distinct tumor volume in newly diagnosed GBM suggesting the complementarity of the two modalities.

Primary Outcome Measures: Observe recurrence/evaluate diagnostic performance of PET-FET/MRI vs MRI alone, To estimate the rate of change in management due to 18F-FET-PET/MRI when used in addition to standard of care MRI., 12 Months
Secondary Outcome Measures: Evaluate tumor volume changes, Evaluate differences in total tumor volume as defined by 18F-FET-PET versus MRI pre-operatively, 12 Months|Evaluate recurrence, Evaluate diagnostic performance of FET-PET/MRI versus MRI alone for predicting recurrence at 12 months., 12 Months|Analysis of PET Data, Develop and test new MRI and PET analyses to improve recurrence prediction using machine learning and conventional statistical models, 12 Months