Comparative Effects of Perturbation and Functional Stabilization Training on Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
NCT Number: NCT06511362
Status: RECRUITING
Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
Phases: NA
Conditions: Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Interventions: PROCEDURE: Functional stabilization training|PROCEDURE: perturbation exercises
Sponsor: Riphah International University
Sex: FEMALE
Age: CHILD, ADULT
Enrollment: 26
Study Design: Allocation: RANDOMIZED|Intervention Model: PARALLEL|Masking: SINGLE (PARTICIPANT)|Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
Start Date: 2023-02-15
Completion Date: 2024-08-25
Locations: Pakistan sports board, Lahore, Punjab, 54660, Pakistan

Summary:
The main objective of this study is to determine the comparative effects of perturbation and functional stabilization training on pain, balance, and performance in athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome(PFPS). Patellofemoral pain syndrome is one of the well known causes of anterior knee joint pain. Proximal and distal joint muscle imbalances are the most predisposing factors in knee pain especially knee cap. Anterior knee pain Increase during flexion of the knee, i.e., jumping, running, squatting and descending stairs. PFPS have a crucial impact on balance and functional activities, particularly for young athletes under the age 40. Individuals with PFPS manifest abnormalities in the dynamic and kinematic balance of the lower extremity. Participants between the age of 18-30 with knee pain and have difficulty performing the activities. Perturbation training is the part of the neuromuscular training program include the balancing activities that test the balance during the rehabilitation program. Functional stabilization training is used to improve the muscle control and strength. This particular program focuses on improving balance and determining the effect of training on prformance and balance of athletes with PFPS.

Primary Outcome Measures: A numerical pain rating scale, this numeric pain rating scale will use to assess the level of pain. This scale consist of values from 0 to 10. 0 represent to no pain where as 10 indicate to worst pain. Scale is subdivided into 3 level. Level 1 range from 0 to 3 interpret mild pain. Level 2 having range from 4 to 6 interpret individual has moderate pain and level 3 have value from 7 to 10 indicate the severe pain., 10 months|horizontal jump test (meters), This test will be used to assess the performance of athletes. Participants must stand with their toes behind the zero-centimeter mark with the tape measure and jump as far as they can with two feet with swinging arms and bending knees. In this test, the participant must land a stick and measure the distance from the takeoff to the contact point after jumping. This scale is rated as excellent if a female athlete covers a distance \>1.91 meters; 1.90-1.71 meters indicates above average; 1.70-1.60 meters indicates average; distances between 1.59 and 1.47 meters indicate below average; and distances covered by the athlete \<1.47 meters represent poor distance or performance., 10 months|vertical jumps tests(cm), Vertical jump test use to assess the performance of athlete(lower extremity strength). To perform this test athlete warm up for 10 minutes. Then, they perform this test by standing side onto the wall. Participants reach as high as possible with one hand mark as M1 after that they jump as high as possible, which mark as M2. Measure the distance between M1and M2. Distance measure in cm. The distance \>60 cm consider as excellent, between 46-60 cm consider as above average, between 31-45 cm consider as average, 21-30 cm consider as below average and distance \<20 cm consider as poor performance(strength), 10 months|40-yard sprint test (sec), This test is used to assess speed, agility, and quickness. In this test, mark a 40-yard distance on the floor. Athletes run from the starting point to the finishing point. The time in seconds was measured by using a stopwatch to cover the 40-yard (36.6-meter) distance., 10 months|lower extremity functional scale, This test is used as a performance assessment tool. This test consists of 20 questions relating to the person's ability to perform tasks related to daily life. A scoring system is available to predict the functional level. 0-20 scores represent severe functional limitations. 21-40 scores indicate moderate functional limitation; 41-60 scores show mild functional limitation; and 61-80 scores show minimum and no functional limitation., 10 months|star excursion balance test(cm), The star excursion balance test (SEBT) is described as a tool to assess the dynamic balance. Draw a star shape with tape on the floor, separated by a 45-degree angle. It involves reaching in multiple directions, mostly eight, while maintaining balance on one leg. Anterior, anteromedial, lateral, anterolateral, medial, posteromedial, posterior, and posteromedial are the eight directions. Relative distance percentage in each direction is measured by using the formula average distance in one direction/leg length\*100. The average distance is measured by taking 3 readings of distance in each direction and dividing by 3.Reading must be done with both the right and left legs., 10 months