Embracing Morning BReakfast and Activity for Classroom Engagement
NCT Number: NCT06555627
Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
Phases: NA
Conditions: Child Development
Interventions: BEHAVIORAL: High Protein Breakfast|BEHAVIORAL: Morning Exercise|BEHAVIORAL: High Carb Breakfast
Sponsor: University of Illinois at Chicago
Collaborators: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Sex: ALL
Age: CHILD
Enrollment: 50
Study Design: Allocation: RANDOMIZED|Intervention Model: FACTORIAL|Masking: DOUBLE (INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES_ASSESSOR)|Primary Purpose: OTHER
Start Date: 2024-08
Completion Date: 2025-12
Locations: Altus Academy, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, United States

Summary:
This experiment will test the effects of healthy breakfast and morning exercise on children's focus and classroom behavior. Food and exercise each influence child focus, but little is known about their effects on classroom behavior and less about their combined effects. For one week (Monday-Friday), 10 children will be randomly assigned to receive healthy breakfast and morning exercise, 10 assigned to only healthy breakfast, 10 to only exercise, and 10 to neither. After exercise and breakfast, study staff will assess how focused children are during class-time, ask them to complete puzzle-like tasks, and wear a helmet that measures brain blood flow

Primary Outcome Measures: Behavioral Observation of Students in Schools (BOSS) - Classroom Engagement (Shapiro et al., 2003), The Behavioral Observation of Students in Schools (BOSS) (Shapiro et al., 2003) is a systematic observation tool that assesses children's classroom behavior, including active and passive engagement, and the frequency of three kinds of off-task behavior: motor, verbal, and passive. The primary outcome in this study will be engaged time during instruction this will add up actively and passively engaged time and be represented by the percentage of time during instruction that students are engaged in instruction. The BOSS provides the percentage of observation intervals during which children are engaged in instruction (0%-100%) and a higher percentage is better., Classroom observations will occur between 9:00am and 11:30am on 3 days during the baseline week and on 3 days during the intervention week.
Secondary Outcome Measures: Behavioral Observation of Students in Schools (BOSS) - Off-Task Motor (Shapiro et al., 2003), The Behavioral Observation of Students in Schools (BOSS) (Shapiro et al., 2003) is a systematic observation tool that assesses children's classroom behavior, including active and passive engagement, and the frequency of three kinds of off-task behavior: motor, verbal, and passive. The primary outcome in this study will be engaged time during instruction this will add up actively and passively engaged time and be represented by the percentage of time during instruction that students are engaged in instruction. The BOSS provides the percentage of observed intervals during which children are off-task motor during instruction (0%-100%) and a lower percentage is better., Classroom observations will occur between 9:00am and 11:30am on 3 days during the baseline week and on 3 days during the intervention week.|Behavioral Observation of Students in Schools (BOSS) - Off-Task Verbal (Shapiro et al., 2003), The Behavioral Observation of Students in Schools (BOSS) (Shapiro et al., 2003) is a systematic observation tool that assesses children's classroom behavior, including active and passive engagement, and the frequency of three kinds of off-task behavior: motor, verbal, and passive. The primary outcome in this study will be engaged time during instruction this will add up actively and passively engaged time and be represented by the percentage of time during instruction that students are engaged in instruction. The BOSS provides the percentage of observed intervals during which children are off-task verbal during instruction (0%-100%) and a lower percentage is better., Classroom observations will occur between 9:00am and 11:30am on 3 days during the baseline week and on 3 days during the intervention week.|Behavioral Observation of Students in Schools (BOSS) - Off-Task Passive (Shapiro et al., 2003), The Behavioral Observation of Students in Schools (BOSS) (Shapiro et al., 2003) is a systematic observation tool that assesses children's classroom behavior, including active and passive engagement, and the frequency of three kinds of off-task behavior: motor, verbal, and passive. The primary outcome in this study will be engaged time during instruction this will add up actively and passively engaged time and be represented by the percentage of time during instruction that students are engaged in instruction. The BOSS provides the percentage of observed intervals during which children are off-task passive during instruction (0%-100%) and a lower percentage is better., Classroom observations will occur between 9:00am and 11:30am on 3 days during the baseline week and on 3 days during the intervention week.|Neurocognitive inhibition test - Fishy Flanker Test, The Fishy Flanker test requires the participant to focus on a given stimulus while inhibiting attention to stimuli flanking it. In this version of the task, younger participants see a picture of a fish flanked by two other fish on either side. On congruent trials, all the fish are pointing in the same direction. The flanker provides both an accuracy score (0%-100%) and a reaction time score in milliseconds. Higher accuracy and lower time in ms are considered better., Neurocognitive testing will occur on Friday morning between 9am and 11:30am during the baseline testing week and then again the following Friday at the same time during the intervention week|Neurocognitive inhibition test - Go/No-go, The Go/No-go task is a simple experimental paradigm that requires participants to respond by pressing a button when they see a "go" signal, and not respond when they see the "no-go" signal. The key behavior measured with this experiment is the participants' ability to withhold a response on No-go trials. The Go/No-Go provides both an accuracy score (0%-100%) and a reaction time score in milliseconds. Higher accuracy and lower time in ms are considered better., Neurocognitive testing will occur on Friday morning between 9am and 11:30am during the baseline testing week and then again the following Friday at the same time during the intervention week|Brain blood flow as assessed by functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an emerging hemodynamic neuroimaging brain-computer interface (BCI) technology that indirectly measures neuronal activity in the brain's cortex via neuro-vascular coupling. The fNIRS outcomes include levels of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin. These measurements approximately equate to the blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal measured in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The results are interpreted together with the cognitive performance on task., Neurocognitive testing, including fNIRS will occur on Friday morning between 9am and 11:30am during the baseline testing week and then again the following Friday at the same time during the intervention week