FIFTH SECTIONCASE OF BUTOV AND OTHERS v. UKRAINE(Applications nos. 44272/20 and 6 others –see appended list)      JUDGMENT  STRASBOURG14 October 2021 This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.In the case of Butov and Others v. Ukraine,The European Court of Human Rights (Fifth Section), sitting as a Committee composed of: Stéphanie Mourou-Vikström, President, Jovan Ilievski, Mattias Guyomar, judges,and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar,Having deliberated in private on 23 September 2021,Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date:PROCEDURE1.  The case originated in applications against Ukraine lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table.2.  The Ukrainian Government (“the Government”) were given notice of the applications.THE FACTS3.  The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table.4.  The applicants complained about inadequate conditions of their detention and lack of any effective remedy in domestic law.THE LAWJOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS5.  Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment.ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLES 3 AND 13 OF THE CONVENTION6.  The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of their detention and absence of any effective remedy in this connection. They relied on Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention, which read as follows:Article 3“No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.”Article 13“Everyone whose rights and freedoms as set forth in this Convention are violated shall have an effective remedy before a national authority ...”7.  The Court notes that the applicants were kept in detention in poor conditions. The details of the applicants’ detention are indicated in the appended table. The Court refers to the principles established in its case‑law regarding inadequate conditions of detention (see, for instance, Muršić v. Croatia [GC], no. 7334/13, §§ 96‑101, ECHR 2016). It reiterates in particular that a serious lack of space in a prison cell weighs heavily as a factor to be taken into account for the purpose of establishing whether the detention conditions described are “degrading” from the point of view of Article 3 and may disclose a violation, both alone or taken together with other shortcomings (see Muršić, cited above, §§ 122 ‑141, and Ananyev and Others v. Russia, nos. 42525/07 and 60800/08, §§ 149‑159, 10 January2012).8.  In the leading cases of Melnik v. Ukraine (no. 72286/01, 28 March 2006) and Sukachov v. Ukraine (no. 14057/17, 30 January 2020), the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case.9.  Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the applicants’ conditions of detention were inadequate.10.  The Court further notes that the applicants did not have at their disposal an effective remedy in respect of these complaints.11.  These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention.APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION12.  Article 41 of the Convention provides:“If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.”13.  Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case‑law (see, in particular, Sukachov, cited above, §§ 165 and 167), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table.14.  The Court considers it appropriate that the default interest rate should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points.FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY, Decides to join the applications; Declares the applications admissible;Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention concerning the inadequate conditions of detention and lack of any effective remedy in domestic law;Holds(a)  that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement;(b)  that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points.Done in English, and notified in writing on 14 October 2021, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court. Viktoriya Maradudina Stéphanie Mourou-VikströmActing Deputy Registrar PresidentAPPENDIXList of applications raising complaints under Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention(inadequate conditions of detention and lack of any effective remedy in domestic law)No.Application no.Date of introductionApplicant’s nameYear of birthRepresentative’s name and locationFacilityStart and end dateDurationSq. m per inmateSpecific grievancesAmount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant(in euros)[1]   44272/2019/09/2020Denys Volodymyrovych BUTOV1990 Ignatov Oleksandr AnatoliyovychDniproZaporizhzhya Pre‑Trial Detention Facility 10/06/2017to23/04/2020 2 years and 10 months and 14 days2 - 4.2 m²infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of fresh air, passive smoking, lack of privacy for toilet, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack or insufficient quantity of food, poor quality of food, no or restricted access to shower, overcrowding6,500   44544/2017/09/2020Anatoliy Petrovych STARISHKO1980 Kopytets Karyna ValeriyivnaSlobozhanskeDnipro Pre-Trial Detention Facility 13/11/2019pending More than 1 year and 9 months and 22 days2.9 m²overcrowding4,600   55052/2014/12/2020Andriy Yuriyovych SHAMALO1984 Kulbach Sergiy OleksandrovychLimogesKyiv Pre-Trial Detention Facility 16/01/2019to02/10/2020 1 year and 8 months and 17 days2.5 - 3 m²lack of fresh air, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, overcrowding4,400   55593/2030/11/2020Ivan Sergiyovych SHEVCHENKO1989 Pustyntsev Andriy VitaliyovychDniproCherkasy Pre-Trial Detention Facility 10/09/2015pending More than 5 years and 11 months and 25 days2.31 - 5.49 m²overcrowding, lack of fresh air, passive smoking, mouldy or dirty cell, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of privacy for toilet, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of toiletries, lack or insufficient quantity of food, no or restricted access to shower, poor quality of food7,500   55898/2020/11/2020Mykyta Dmytrovych VYSHNYAKOV1993 Vavrenyuk Oleksandr VolodymyrovychPyatykhatkyCherkasy Pre-Trial Detention Facility 11/05/2019pending More than 2 years and 3 months and 24 days2 - 3.66 m²overcrowding, lack of fresh air, passive smoking, mouldy or dirty cell, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of privacy for toilet, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of toiletries, lack or insufficient quantity of food, poor quality of food, no or restricted access to shower, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of or insufficient electric light5,500   55899/2020/11/2020Sergiy Yuriyovych ORLICHENKO1989 Pustyntsev Andriy VitaliyovychDniproCherkasy Pre-Trial Detention Facility 26/07/2018pending More than 3 years and 1 month and 9 days2.37 - 2.55 m²overcrowding, lack of fresh air, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of toiletries, lack or insufficient quantity of food, no or restricted access to shower, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of or insufficient electric light, mouldy or dirty cell, passive smoking, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of privacy for toilet, poor quality of food7,000   91/2120/11/2020Mykhaylo Ruslanovych PEKARSKYY1998 Pustyntsev Andriy VitaliyovychDniproCherkasy Pre-trial Detention Facility 28/12/2018pending More than 2 years and 8 months and 7 days2.5 m²overcrowding, lack of fresh air, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, no or restricted access to shower, lack or insufficient quantity of food, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, passive smoking, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, mouldy or dirty cell, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of privacy for toilet, lack of toiletries, poor quality of food6,200 [1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.