FIFTH SECTION     CASE OF ROBOTA AND OTHERS v. UKRAINE (Application no. 7158/04 and 88 other applications)          JUDGMENT This version was rectified on 4 March 2013under Rule 81 of the Rules of Court STRASBOURG 17 January 2013   This judgment is final. It may be subject to editorial revision.In the case of Robota v. Ukraine,The European Court of Human Rights (Fifth Section), sitting as a Committee composed of: Boštjan M. Zupančič, President, Ann Power-Forde, Helena Jäderblom, judges,and Stephen Phillips, Deputy Section Registrar,Having deliberated in private on 18 December 2012,Having noted that the underlying question in the applications is already the subject of well-established case-law of the Court and that the parties had the ample opportunity to comment on it and on any other aspects of the case,Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date:PROCEDURE1.  The case originated in 89 applications against Ukraine lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) by 90 Ukrainian nationals and companies based in Ukraine, whose details are specified in the annexed tables (“the applicants”).2.  In the course of the proceedings Ms N. Khaknazarova (application no. 61133/08) died; her husband, Mr O. Khaknazarov, and her daughter, Ms O. Khaknazarova, expressed the wish to pursue the application.3.  The Ukrainian Government (“the Government”) were represented by their Agent, Mr N. Kultchytskyy, of the Ministry of Justice.4.  The applications, which mainly concern the issues of lengthy non-enforcement of domestic decisions given in the applicants’ favour, were communicated to the Government on various dates. The Government have submitted observations concerning some of the applications. Having been initially adjourned in accordance with the Yuriy Nikolayevich Ivanov pilot judgment (see Yuriy Nikolayevich Ivanov v. Ukraine, no. 40450/04, ECHR 2009‑... (extracts)), the proceedings in the applications were resumed in February 2012 (for further details see Kharuk and others v. Ukraine [Committee], no.703/05, §§ 4-6, 26 July 2012)5.  On various dates the Government submitted to the Court unilateral declarations concerning all the present applications, and requested the Court to strike the applications out of the list of cases pursuant to Article 37 § 1 (c) of the Convention on the basis of the declarations. The Court examined the declarations and decided to reject the Government’s requests.THE FACTSI.  Non-enforcement issues6.  On the dates set out in the annexed tables domestic courts and commissions on labour disputes delivered decisions according to which the applicants were entitled to various pecuniary amounts and/or to have certain actions taken in their favour. The decisions became enforceable. However, the applicants were unable to obtain the enforcement of the decisions in due time because of the authorities’ failure to take specific budgetary or regulatory measures, of the introduction of bans on the attachment and sale of property belonging to State-owned or controlled companies, or because of the bailiffs’ omissions.II.  Other matters7.  Some of the applicants also made submissions concerning factual and legal matters unrelated to the above non-enforcement issues.THE LAWI.  JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS8.  In view of the similarity of the applications in terms of the principal legal issues raised, the Court finds it appropriate to join them.II.  ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLES 6 AND 13 OF THE CONVENTION AND OF ARTICLE 1 OF PROTOCOL No. 19.  The applicants complained about the lengthy non-enforcement of the decisions given in their favour and about the lack of effective domestic remedies in respect of those complaints. They relied, expressly or in substance, on Articles 6 and 13 of the Convention and Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 which read, in so far as relevant, as follows:Article 6“In the determination of his civil rights and obligations ... everyone is entitled to a ... hearing within a reasonable time by [a] tribunal ...”Article 13“Everyone whose rights and freedoms as set forth in [the] Convention are violated shall have an effective remedy before a national authority notwithstanding that the violation has been committed by persons acting in an official capacity.”Article 1 of Protocol No. 1“Every natural or legal person is entitled to the peaceful enjoyment of his possessions. No one shall be deprived of his possessions except in the public interest and subject to the conditions provided for by law and by the general principles of international law ...Everyone whose rights and freedoms as set forth in [the] Convention are violated shall have an effective remedy before a national authority notwithstanding that the violation has been committed by persons acting in an official capacity.”A.  Admissibility10.  The Court notes that the applicants’ above complaints are not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 (a) of the Convention. It further notes that they are not inadmissible on any other grounds. They must therefore be declared admissible.B.  Merits11.  The Court notes that the decisions in the applicants’ favour remained unenforced for lengthy periods of time, for which the authorities were responsible.12.  The Court reiterates that it has already found violations of the Convention in similar cases (see Kharuk and others, cited above, §§ 17-19).13.  Having examined all the material in its possession, the Court finds no fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion in the present cases.14.  There has accordingly been a violation of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention and Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 on account of the prolonged non-enforcement of the decisions in the applicants’ favour and a violation of Article 13 of the Convention in that the applicants did not have an effective domestic remedy to redress the damage created by such non-enforcement.III.  OTHER ALLEGED VIOLATIONS OF THE CONVENTION15.  Some of the applicants raised other complaints under the Convention which the Court has carefully examined. In the light of all the material in its possession, and in so far as the matters complained of are within its competence, the Court finds that they do not disclose any appearance of a violation of the rights and freedoms set out in the Convention or its Protocols.16.  It follows that those complaints are manifestly ill-founded and must be rejected in accordance with Article 35 §§ 3 (a) and 4 of the Convention.IV.  APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION17.  Article 41 of the Convention provides:“If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.”A.  Damage, costs, and expenses18.  In line with the approach applied in Kharuk and others (cited above, §§ 23-27), the Court considers it reasonable and equitable to award 3,000 euros (EUR) to each applicant in the applications which concern non-enforcement delays exceeding three years (the applications tabulated in Annex 1) and EUR 1,500 to each applicant in the other applications (the applications tabulated in Annex 2). These sums are to cover any pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage, as well as costs and expenses.19.  The Court further notes that the respondent State has an outstanding obligation to enforce the decisions which have not been enforced.B.  Default interest20.  The Court considers it appropriate that the default interest rate should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points.FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT UNANIMOUSLY1.  Decides to join the applications; 2.  Declares the applicants’ complaints under Article 6 § 1 and Article 13 of the Convention and Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 about the lengthy non-enforcement of the decisions given in their favour and about the lack of effective domestic remedies in respect of those complaints admissible and the remainder of the applications inadmissible; 3.  Holds that there has been a violation of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention and of Article 1 of Protocol No. 1; 4.  Holds that there has been a violation of Article 13 of the Convention; 5.  Holds(a)  that the respondent State is to enforce the domestic decisions in the applicants’ favour which have not been enforced and is to pay, within three months, EUR 3,000 (three thousand euros) to each applicant or his or her estate in the applications tabulated in Appendix 1 and EUR 1,500 (one thousand five hundred euros) to each applicant or his or her estate in the applications tabulated in Appendix 2 in respect of pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage, and costs and expenses, plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants on the above amounts which are to be converted into the national currency at the rate applicable at the date of settlement;(b)  that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points.Done in English, and notified in writing on 17 January 2013, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.Stephen Phillips Boštjan M. ZupančičDeputy Registrar President APPENDIX 1(non-enforcement delays more than three years) No.Applicationno. and date of introductionApplicant’s nameand date of birth (if known)Enforceable domestic decisions      7158/0409/01/2004Anna Ilyinichna ROBOTA13/02/194912/04/2001,Bagliyskyy District Court of Dnipropetrovsk 09/12/2004,Bagliyskyy District Court of Dnipropetrovsk      31923/0425/08/2004Oleg Mykolayovych KUTSENKO28/11/195923/03/2001,Bagliyskiy District Court of Dniprodzerzhynsk 15/03/2004,Bagliyskiy District Court of Dniprodzerzhynsk      38211/0412/10/2004LABORATORY FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND ECONOMIC PLANNING. PP18/12/2000, Higher Arbitration Court      12239/0521/03/2005BRIVT, MPP05/09/2002,Commercial Court of Sumy Region      23753/0516/06/2005LAZURNYY BEREG, TOV13/07/2000, Crimea Commercial Court21/12/2001, Crimea Commercial Court21/12/2001, Crimea Commercial Court21/12/2001, Crimea Commercial Court      33109/0519/08/2005Tatyana Anatolyevna LEZHNEVA195917/02/2003, Pavlograd Court      35928/0522/09/20051) Aleksandr Vasilyevich NAZARENKO15/11/1963 2) Vasiliy Dmitriyevich LAZAREV24/12/19531) 21/03/2000, Hartzyzsk Court2) 09/03/2000, Hartzyzk Court      44158/0521/11/2005Valeriy Aleksandrovich POKHODOSHCHUK29/07/195615/03/2005, Sevastopol Harrison Court13/06/2005,Sevastopol Harrison Court21/06/2007, Gagarinskyy District Court of Sevastopol      2590/0630/12/2005Oleksandr Vasylyovych DUBONOS19/08/196010/11/2003, Chervonograd Court     7492/0601/02/2006Aleksandr Mikhaylovich PROKOPENKO25/05/195822/06/1999, Yenakieve Court01/03/2001, Yenakieve Court     8658/0622/02/2006Aleksandr Grigoryevich GRABOVOY12/02/196627/05/2005,Prymorskyy District Court of Odessa     19232/0606/04/2006Tetyana Volodymyrivna KRASNOSHAPKA29/10/196312/08/2003, Lokhvytsya Court, as amended by the Poltava Regional Court of Appeal on 27/07/2005     23103/0630/05/2006Volodymyr Petrovych BOYANYTSKYY25/11/195219/11/2003, Chervonograd Court     30682/0606/07/2006Roman Vasylyovych VORONKA10/02/195819/11/2003, Chervonograd Court     32801/0626/07/2006Vladimir Ivanovich TELEGIN03/01/194005/04/2004,Donetsk Regional Commercial Court     34380/0601/08/2006Viktoriya Dmytrivna SEMENOVA12/02/193413/12/2004, Dzerzhynsk Court     35075/0612/08/2006Valentyn Pylypovych MIROSHNICHENKO12/08/195426/06/2004, Dobropillya Court     36979/0630/08/2006SNEZHNYANSKIY ZAVOD KHIMICHNOGO MASHYNOBUDUVANNYA, VAT24/10/2000, Zaporyzhzhya Regional Arbitration Court07/06/2001, Donetsk Regional Arbitration Court24/03/2005, Dnipropetrovsk Regional Court of Appeal     42929/0607/09/2006PROMETEY-2000, PP14/04/2003,Kyiv City Commercial Court of Appeal     44612/0624/10/2006Yuriy Yuryevich STEPANOV06/07/197216/01/2006, Sudak Court     45692/0624/10/2006Svetlana Yuryevna VYSKREBETS05/10/196616/01/2006, Sudak Court     1082/0711/12/2006Svitlana Ilarionivna KOSTOGRYZ03/02/195429/10/2002, Krukivskyy District Court of Kremenchuk, as amended on 18/03/2004 by the Poltava Regional Court of Appeal     2514/0701/12/2006Lyubov Ivanovna STEPANOVA29/09/194416/01/2006,Sudak Court, as amended on 20/09/2006     4943/0718/09/2006Yuriy Stanislavovich MIZIN18/05/196328/05/2005, Novogrodivka Court     7753/0702/02/2007Aleksandr Fyodorovich KUZMICH11/03/198908/06/2005, Stanychno-Luganskyy Court     8135/0702/02/2007Mykola Frankovych MATUSEVYCH27/05/196005/05/2005, Zhytomyr Harrison Court     10657/0721/02/2007Valentin Ivanovich SURATOV10/06/193630/08/2006, Tokmak Court     12106/0728/02/2007Anatoliy Nikolayevich PRYADKO17/06/195306/12/2000,Saksaganskyy District Court of Kryvyy Rig12/12/2002,Saksaganskyy District Court of Kryvyy Rig     20094/0711/04/2007Viktor Sergeyevich BORDUN15/02/194119/02/2001, Nova Kakhovka Court     21518/0720/04/2007Volodymyr Ivanovych GRYSHCHENKO17/12/194108/04/2003, Gorlivka Court     22067/0730/04/2007Raisa Petrovna CHERNYSH15/10/195817/11/1998, Nakhimovskiy District Court of Sevastopol, 02/08/1999, Nakhimovskiy District Court of Sevastopol 24/03/2005, Sevastopol Court of Appeal     22909/0704/05/2007Igor Yevgenovych RUSANOV20/10/196221/11/2002, Mykytivskyy District Court of Gorlivka[1]     23977/0716/05/2007Vladimir Pavlovich DENISENKO20/09/194907/02/2006, Nikopol Court     27445/0718/06/2007Vyacheslav Viktorovich ZHVAKIN24/10/194921/12/1998, Yevpatoriya Court29/11/2006, Yevpatoriya Court     28831/0729/05/2007REAL NK, PP12/04/2005, Kherson Regional Commercial Court     29858/0705/07/2007Fyodor Fyodorovich GRECHKO12/05/195112/06/2005, Primorskyy District Court of Odessa10/07/2007, Primorskyy District Court of Odessa19/10/2007, Primorskyy District Court of Odessa23/07/2008, Primorskyy District Court of Odessa     30884/0709/07/2007Svetlana Konstantinovna LYSYUK15/03/195619/12/2005,Donetsk Regional Commercial Court     33577/0716/07/2007Vasiliy Gavrilovich DOGOT11/02/196025/12/2002,Chervonogvardiysk District Court of Makyiyvka     37285/0716/08/2007Valentina Mikhaylovna PASHINSKAYA24/04/194123/10/2000, Novogrodivka Court     39220/0727/08/2007Sergey Sergeyevich SIVASHOV01/03/195009/08/2002, Krasnyy Luch Court27/10/2004, Krasnyy Luch Court18/11/2004, Krasnyy Luch Court     39225/0701/08/2007Mikhail Aleksandrovich KAPUSTIN31/07/197826/01/2006, Sudak Court     39564/0729/08/2007Aleksandr Pavlovich OZERYANSKIY07/06/194918/04/2002, Krasnyy Luch Court22/11/2004, Krasnyy Luch Court     41632/0716/06/2007Yuriy Ivanovich GAVRISHOVunspecified07/12/2001,Yevpatoriya Court29/06/2004, Yevpatoriya Town Court     41709/0714/09/2007Oleksandr Mykolayovych PYSARENKO23/04/195805/10/2006, Lubny Court     48374/0706/11/2007Alla Vasilyevna KUCHINSKAYA25/05/194920/09/1999, Ovruch Court     53239/0723/11/2007Sergey Nikolayevich MIKHNOVSKIY21/09/195407/07/1997,Saksaganskiy District Court of Kryvyy Rih08/07/1998,Saksaganskiy District Court of Kryvyy Rih27/03/2001,Saksaganskiy District Court of Kryvyy Rih03/02/2003,Saksaganskiy District Court of Kryvyy Rih     54478/0719/11/2007Volodymyr Dmytrovych BASHEY02/04/196906/11/2001, Vugledar Court     795/0810/12/2007Mykhaylo Mykolayovych SHTAYER15/05/195821/03/2003,Kharkiv Regional Commercial Court     1325/0826/12/2007Sergiy Mykhaylovych PAVLYUK30/09/196221/05/2002, labour disputes commission21/06/2002, Nova Kakhovka Court19/02/2003, Nova Kakhovka Court     4851/0816/01/2008Valeriy Ananyevich GOLOVINunspecified14/05/2007, Feodosiya Court     14749/0828/02/2008Atanaziy Atanaziyovych STELMAKH17/02/195602/03/2004, Chervonograd Court     17775/0803/04/2008Volodymyr Petrovych PAZYNICH21/12/195525/05/2007, Oleksandria Court     18439/0803/04/2008Volodymyr Oleksandrovych BARSKYY20/04/195606/07/2006, Golovanivsk Court     28976/0807/06/2008Ludmila Grigoryevna ALMIZOVA09/02/195030/03/2007, Krasnyy Luch Court     28988/0807/06/2008Irina Sergeyevna MANDRIK23/12/196321/05/2007, Krasnyy Luch Court     30306/0811/06/2008Lyudmila Grigoryevna MOTRICH26/06/195311/12/2002,Dniprovskyy District Court of Kherson     30414/0815/06/2008Andriy Anatoliyovych IVANYSHCHUK09/04/197723/09/2005,Suvorovskyy District Court of Kherson     33743/0813/06/2008Aleksandr Dmitriyevich SHALUN20/06/197212/04/2005,Prymorskyy District Court of Odessa     34893/0804/07/2008Iryna Fedorivna KRASNIKOVA13/10/196306/11/2001,Kirovskyy District Court of Kirovograd     35546/0815/07/2008Vasiliy Viktorovich VINOGRADOV05/04/194818/05/2005, Krasnyy Luch Court     35552/0815/07/2008Valentina Ilinichna LICHUK01/06/193716/06/2005, Krasnyy Luch Court06/02/2006, Krasnyy Luch Court     36775/0823/07/2008Vladimir Mironovich NIKOLAYCHUK22/07/193821/12/2006,Sosnivskyy District Court of Cherkasy     37105/0817/06/2008Yuriy Ashuriyevich RADZHABOV06/10/196301/06/2005, Krasnyy Luch Court     39374/0824/07/2008Valentina Ivanovna RUSAK01/01/196219/04/2006, Myrgorod Court     39562/0806/08/2008Vladimir Dmitriyevich BELOLAPOTKOV27/04/195007/08/2006, Oleksandriya Court16/11/2006, Oleksandriya Court     39703/0811/06/2008Georgiy Georgiyovych KARLOV02/01/194718/12/2006,Leninskyy District Court of Mykolayiv     41601/0822/08/2008Yevgeniy Nikolayevich MOTYREV27/10/194906/04/2007, Krasnyy Luch Court     46828/0820/09/2008Vitaliy Antanasovych PAULAUSKAS31/01/197012/12/2006, Selydiv Court     49992/0808/10/2008Viktor Iosifovich GRIBOVSKIY05/01/195118/08/2003, Nova Kakhovka Court15/04/2005, Nova Kakhovka Court14/04/2006, Nova Kakhovka Court03/07/2008, Nova Kakhovka Court     51718/0813/10/2008Rashyd Teymur-Ogly MAMEDOV16/02/196622/09/2005, Poltava Regional Court of Appeal     53622/0825/10/2008Vladimir Vasilyevich GANISHNYUK19/01/195912/06/2002, Krasnyy Luch Court24/06/2005, Krasnyy Luch Court14/06/2007, Krtasnyy Luch Court     53647/0825/10/2008Valentina Petrovna BARABASH16/06/194022/02/2002, Krasnyy Luch Court15/10/2003, Krasnyy Luch Court24/06/2005, Krasnyy Luch Court24/06/2005, Krasnyy Luch Court14/06/2007, Krasnyy Luch Court     54464/0830/10/2008Lyudmyla Vasylivna KOVAL03/10/195807/12/2007,Vinnytsya Administrative Court     57381/0817/11/2008INTERKON, TOV21/01/2003,Khmelnytskyy Regional Commercial Court     58299/0804/11/2008Aleksandr Vasilyevich BUDYLKO17/04/193811/12/2007, Kupyansk Court     61133/0806/12/2008Natalya Volodymyrivna KHAKNAZAROVA14/11/196130/05/07, Feodosiya Court20/06/07, Feodosiya Courtas amended by the Crimea Court of Appeal on18/09/2007 and by the Supreme Court on 20/08/08[2]     3062/0929/12/2008Viktor Ivanovich ZAMIUSSKIY06/10/195717/09/2007, Antratsyt Court, amended by the Luhansk Regional Court of Appeal on 04/12/2007     3279/0906/12/2008Oleg Ibragimovych KHAKNAZAROV27/03/196106/05/2008, Commercial Court of Crimea     5190/0914/01/2009Yeva Vasylivna FOKIY02/02/197522/06/2007,Sadgirskyy District Court of Chernivtsi APPENDIX 2(non-enforcement delays less than three years) No.Applicationno. and date of introductionApplicant’s nameand date of birth (if known)Enforceable domestic decisions     2025/0528/12/2004Viktor Viktorovych MELNYK14/07/195922 /10/2002,Vyshgorod Court, became enforceable on 04/02/03 and was enforced on 28/10/05     2385/0504/01/2005Pavlo Ivanovych MALYUTA01/01/196123/10/2003,Lenynskyy District Court of Kirovograd, became enforceable on 24/02/2004 and was quashed on 17/10/2006     30864/0513/08/2005Yevgeniy Petrovich SHYNKARYOV02/07/195215/03/2005, Kyiv Military Harrison Court, enforced by 05/01/2007     31062/0512/08/2005Yuriy Ivanovich NAGOGA13/12/195530/09/2004,Lebedyn Court, enforced on 24/05/2006     15057/0606/04/2006Nadezhda Vladimirovna PARKHOMENKO10/05/195414/11/2005, Novokakhovka Court, enforced on 11/07/2008     15158/0604/04/2006Valentina Nikolayevna BOYKO08/02/194915/11/2005 (court order),Novokakhovka Court, enforced on 11/07/2008     32723/0610/07/06Dmytro Myklayovych SHURUTA27/04/198029/11/2005,Dzerzhynsk Court, enforced on 23/11/2007     2707/0728/12/2006Viktor Ivanovych PEDORYA09/07/194920/03/2006, Oleksandriya Court, enforced on 22/01/2008     28983/0807/06/2008Viktor Vasilyevich SERDYUKOV16/04/195603/07/2007, Krasnyy Luch Court, enforced on 30/04/2009     802/0913/12/2008Oleksandr Oleksandrovych LIFANOV03/05/196311/03/2008,Vugledar Court, enforced on 26/11/2010 [1].  Rectified on 4 March 2013; the text read “Gorlivka Court”.[2].  Rectified on 4 March 2013; the text read “22/08/08”.