Social Security Citation and commencement 1 These Regulations may be cited as the Social Security (Contributions) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2016 and come into force on 6th April 2016. 2 The Social Security (Contributions) Regulations 2001 are amended by Parts 1 and 2 of these Regulations. PART 1 Miscellaneous amendments of the Social Security (Contributions) Regulations 2001 3 In regulation 1(2) (interpretation), in the definition of “business travel”, at the end insert “and includes journeys which are treated as business travel by section 235A of ITEPA 2003 (journeys made by members of local authorities etc).”. 4 1 Regulation 22 (amounts to be treated as earnings) is amended as follows. 2 In paragraph (1) for “(2) to (11)” substitute “(2) to (13)”. 3 After paragraph (11) insert— 12 The amount specified in this paragraph is any amount— a paid or reimbursed to an employed earner in respect of expenses; b provided pursuant to relevant salary sacrifice arrangements within the meaning of section 289A(5) of ITEPA 2003 ; and c which is not a payment or reimbursement of relevant motoring expenditure within the meaning of paragraph (3) of regulation 22A . 13 The amount specified in this paragraph is any amount paid or reimbursed to an employed earner in respect of expenses which is calculated according to a set rate rather than by reference to the actual amount incurred in respect of the expenses where such a rate is not— a contained in regulations made by the Commissioners for Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs under section 289A(6)(a); or b approved under section 289B of ITEPA 2003. . 5 1 Part 8 of Schedule 3 (payments to be disregarded in the calculation of earnings for the purposes of earnings-related contributions) is amended as follows. 2 After paragraph 1 (travelling, relocation and incidental expenses disregarded) insert— 1A For the purposes of this paragraph none of the following amounts are to be disregarded in the calculation of an employed earner’s earnings— a any amount paid or reimbursed pursuant to relevant salary sacrifice arrangements as provided for in section 289A(5); b any amount paid or reimbursed to an employed earner which falls within regulation 22(13); and c any amount paid to an employed earner in respect of anticipated expenses that have yet to be incurred (whether or not such expenses are actually incurred after the payment is made). . 3 In paragraph 3 (travelling expenses–general)— a after “pay as the holder of that office of employment” insert “but this paragraph is subject to paragraph 1A”; b before sub-paragraph (a), insert— za “ordinary commuting” means travel between— i the employee’s home and a permanent workplace; or ii a place that is not a workplace and a permanent workplace; zb “private travel” means travel between— i the employee’s home and a place that is not a workplace; or ii two places neither of which is a workplace; ; c for sub-paragraph (a) substitute— a “travel expenses” means amounts necessarily expended on travelling in the performance of the duties of the office or employment or other expenses of travelling which are attributable to the necessary attendance at any place of the holder of the office or employment in the performance of the duties of the office or employment and are not expenses of— i ordinary commuting; ii travel between any two places that is for practical purposes substantially ordinary commuting; iii travel between any two places that is for practical purposes substantially private travel; or iv private travel. , and d omit sub-paragraph (b). 4 After paragraph 3 insert— Meaning of “workplace” and “permanent workplace” 3ZA 1 For the purposes of paragraph 3— a “workplace”, in relation to an employment, means a place at which the employee’s attendance is necessary in the performance of the duties of the employment, b “permanent workplace”, in relation to an employment, means a place which— i the employee regularly attends in the performance of the duties of the employment, and ii is not a temporary workplace. This is subject to sub-paragraphs (3) to (7). 2 In sub-paragraph (1)(b) “temporary workplace”, in relation to an employment, means a place which the employee attends in the performance of the duties of the employment— a for the purpose of performing a task of limited duration, or b for some other temporary purpose. This is subject to sub-paragraphs (3) and (4). 3 A place which the employee regularly attends in the performance of the duties of the employment is treated as a permanent workplace and not a temporary workplace if— a it forms the base from which those duties are performed, or b the tasks to be carried out in the performance of those duties are allocated there. 4 A place is not regarded as a temporary workplace if the employee’s attendance is— a in the course of a period of continuous work at that place— i lasting more than 24 months, or ii comprising all or almost all of the period for which the employee is likely to hold the employment, or b at a time when it is reasonable to assume that it will be in the course of such a period. 5 For the purposes of sub-paragraph (4), a period is a period of continuous work at a place if over the period the duties of the employment are performed to a significant extent at the place. 6 An actual or contemplated modification of the place at which duties are performed is to be disregarded for the purpose of sub-paragraphs (4) and (5) if it does not, or would not, have any substantial effect on the employee’s journey, or expenses of travelling, to and from the place where they are performed. 7 An employee is treated as having a permanent workplace consisting of an area if— a the duties of the employment are defined by reference to an area (whether or not they also require attendance at places outside it), b in the performance of those duties the employee attends different places within the area, c none of the places the employee attends in the performance of those duties is a permanent workplace, and d the area would be a permanent workplace if sub-paragraphs (1)(b), (2), (4), (5) and (6) referred to the area where they refer to a place. Travel for necessary attendance: employment intermediaries 3ZB 1 This paragraph applies where an individual (“the worker”)— a personally provides services (which are not excluded services) to another person (“the client”), and b the services are provided not under a contract directly between the client or a person connected with the client and the worker but under arrangements involving an employment intermediary. This is subject to the following provisions of this paragraph. 2 Where this paragraph applies, each engagement is for the purposes of paragraphs 3 and 3ZA to be regarded as a separate employment. 3 This paragraph does not apply if it is shown that the manner in which the worker provides the services is not subject to (or to the right of) supervision, direction or control by any person. 4 Sub-paragraph (3) does not apply in relation to an engagement if— a Chapter 8 of Part 2 of ITEPA 2003 applies in relation to the engagement, b the conditions in section 51, 52 or 53 of that Act are met in relation to the employment intermediary, and c the employment intermediary is not a managed service company. 5 This paragraph does not apply in relation to an engagement if— a Chapter 8 of Part 2 of ITEPA 2003 does not apply in relation to the engagement merely because the circumstances in section 49(1)(c) of ITEPA 2003 are not met, b assuming those circumstances were met, the conditions in section 51, 52 or 53 of that Act would be met in relation to the employment intermediary, and c the employment intermediary is not a managed service company. 6 In determining for the purposes of sub-paragraphs (4) to (5) whether the conditions in section 51, 52 or 53 of ITEPA 2003 are or would be met in relation to the employment intermediary— a in section 50(1)(b) of that Act, disregard the words “that is not employment income”, and b read references to the intermediary as references to the employment intermediary. 7 In determining whether this paragraph applies, no regard is to be had to any arrangements the main purpose, or one of the main purposes, of which is to secure that this paragraph does not to any extent apply. 8 In this paragraph— “arrangements” includes any such scheme, transaction or series of transactions, agreement or understanding, whether or not enforceable, and any associated operations; “employment intermediary” means a person, other than the worker or the client, who carries on a business (whether or not with a view to profit and whether or not in conjunction with any other business) of supplying labour; “engagement” means any such provision of services as is mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(a); “excluded services” means services provided wholly in the client’s home; “managed service company” means a company which— is a managed service company within the meaning given by section 61B of ITEPA 2003, or would be such a company disregarding subsection (1)(c) of that section. . 5 In paragraphs 3C (travel between linked employments), 4 (travel at start or finish of overseas employment), 4A (travel between employments where duties performed abroad), 4B (travel costs and expenses where duties performed abroad: earner’s travel), 4C (travel costs and expenses where duties performed abroad: visiting spouse’s, civil partner’s or child’s travel), 4D (foreign accommodation and subsistence costs and expenses (overseas employments)) and 5 (travel costs and expenses of non-domiciled employee or the employee’s spouse, civil partner or child where duties performed in the United Kingdom), at the end of each paragraph insert— This paragraph is subject to paragraph 1A. . 6 After paragraph 8 (car parking facilities) insert— Amounts exempted from income tax under section 289A of ITEPA 2003 8A Any amount which is exempted from income tax under section 289A of ITEPA 2003. . 7 In paragraph 9 (specific and distinct payments of, or towards, expenses actually incurred)— a in sub-paragraph (1)— i for “these” substitute “there”, and ii for “qualification” substitute “qualifications”; and b after sub-paragraph (2) insert— 3 Sub-paragraph (1) does not authorise the disregard of any amount which— a falls within paragraphs (12) or (13) of regulation 22; or b is paid to an employed earner in respect of anticipated expenses that have yet to be incurred (whether or not such expenses are actually incurred after the payment is made). . 8 After paragraph 16 insert— Travel expenses of members of local authorities etc 17 A payment to which no liability to income tax arises by virtue of section 295A of ITEPA 2003 (travel expenses of members of local authorities etc). . 6 1 Part 10 of Schedule 3 (miscellaneous and supplemental) is amended as follows. 2 In paragraph 10 (employee’s liabilities and indemnity insurance), after “employment chargeable to tax under that Act.”, insert “This paragraph is subject to paragraph 1A of Part 8 of this Schedule.”. 3 In paragraph 11 (fees and subscriptions to professional bodies, learned societies etc), after “general earnings of any office or employment.”, insert “This paragraph is subject to paragraph 1A of Part 8 of this Schedule.”. 7 1 Schedule 4 (provisions derived from the Income Tax Acts etc) is amended as follows. 2 In paragraph 21G (penalty: failure to comply with paragraph 21A or 21D)— a in sub-paragraph 1(b), for “sub-paragraph (2)” substitute “sub-paragraphs (2) and (2A)”; and b after sub-paragraph (2) insert— 2A Sub-paragraph (2) does not apply to a penalty imposed under paragraph 6D of Schedule 55 to the Finance Act 2009 (amount of penalty: real time information for PAYE). . PART 2 Abolition of contracting-out: consequential amendments 8 In regulation 1(2) (interpretation), omit the following definitions— a “contracted-out employment”; b “contracted-out rate”; c “COSRS employment”; d “non-contracted-out employment”; e “non-contracted out rate”; f “normal rate”; and g “the Pensions Act” . 9 In regulation 6 (earnings period for earnings to be aggregated etc), for paragraph (3) substitute— 3 In this regulation “the designated earnings period” means the shorter, or as the case may be the shortest, of the earnings periods in respect of earnings derived from such employments. . 10 In regulation 11 (prescribed equivalents)— a in paragraph (1)— i in sub-paragraph (a), at the end insert “and”; ii omit sub-paragraph (b) and the “and” which precedes it; b omit paragraph (1A); c in paragraph (2)— i omit “and the upper accrual point”; ii in sub-paragraph (a), omit “or the upper accrual point (“the weekly limits”)”; and iii in sub-paragraphs (a) to (d)— aa for “amounts” in each place where it occurs substitute “amount”; bb for “each of the weekly limits” in each place where it occurs substitute “the lower earnings limit”; cc for “each result” in each place where it occurs substitute “the result”; and d omit paragraph (6). 11 In regulation 12 (calculation of earnings-related contributions), for paragraph (1) substitute— 1 Subject to paragraphs (3) and (4), primary and secondary Class 1 contributions under section 6 of the Act (liability for Class 1 contributions) shall be calculated to the nearest penny and any amount of a halfpenny or less shall be disregarded. . 12 In regulation 21 (annual maxima for those with more than one employment), for paragraph (3) substitute— 3 For the purpose only of determining the extent of the earner’s liability for contributions under paragraph (2), the amount of a primary Class 1 contribution which is paid at a rate less than 12 per cent because the earner is a married woman who has made an election to pay contributions at the reduced rate as mentioned in regulation 127, shall be treated as equal to the amount of the primary Class 1 contribution which would be payable if the election had not been made. . 13 In regulation 52A (return of contributions paid in excess of maxima prescribed in regulation 21)— a in paragraph (3), for “payment of contributions” substitute “contributions actually paid by the earner”; b in paragraph (5)(c), for “;” substitute “.”; c omit paragraphs (5)(d) and (e); and d omit paragraphs (6) to (8). 14 Omit regulation 54 (return of Class 1 contributions paid at the non-contracted out rate instead of at the contracted-out rate). 15 In regulation 100 (annual maximum of Class 4 contributions due under section 15 of the Act), for paragraph (4) substitute— 4 For the purpose only of determining the extent of the earner’s liability for contributions under paragraph (3), the amount of a primary Class 1 contribution which would otherwise be payable at the main primary percentage but which is paid at a rate less than 12 per cent because the earner is a married woman who has made an election to pay contributions at the reduced rate as mentioned in regulation 127, shall be treated as equal to the amount of the primary Class 1 contribution payable at the main primary percentage, which would be so payable if the election had not been made. . 16 In regulation 120 (earnings periods for mariners and apportionment of earnings), omit paragraph (2)(b)(ii). 17 In regulation 155A (decisions taken by officers of the Inland Revenue etc), omit paragraph (2)(f). 18 In Schedule 4 (provisions derived from the Income Tax Acts etc)— a in paragraph 7 (calculation of deduction)— i omit sub-paragraph (4)(c) and the “or” which follows it; and ii in sub-paragraph (13)(b)— aa in sub-paragraph (iii), for “upper accrual point” substitute “current upper earnings limit”; bb omit sub-paragraph (iiia); and cc omit the words from “The amounts to be recorded under sub-paragraphs (iv) and (v)” to the end; b in paragraph 9(1) (certificate of contributions paid)— i in sub-paragraph (b), omit the words from “, other than earnings from non-contracted-out employment” to the end; ii in sub-paragraph (c)— aa for “upper accrual point” substitute “current upper earnings limit”; and bb omit the words from “, other than earnings from non-contracted out employment” to the end; and iii omit sub-paragraph (ca); c in paragraph 12 (payment of earnings-related contributions by employer (further provisions)), omit sub-paragraph (3)(b); d in paragraph 22 (return by employer at end of year)— i in sub-paragraph (1)(c)(i), for “to (iiia)” substitute “to (iii)”; ii omit sub-paragraph (2)(c); and iii in sub-paragraph (2B)— aa in sub-paragraph (e), for “;” substitute “.”; and bb omit sub-paragraph (f); and e in paragraph 24(2) (special return by employer at end of voyage period)— i in sub-paragraph (e), at the end insert “and”; ii for sub-paragraph (f) substitute— f the total amount of any earnings in respect of which primary Class 1 contributions were payable. ; iii omit sub-paragraph (g). 19 In Schedule 4A (real time returns)— i in paragraph 7, for “to (iiia)” substitute “to (iii)”; and ii omit paragraph 12. PART 3 Savings provisions 20 1 Nothing in Part 2 affects the operation of the Social Security (Contributions) Regulations 2001 in relation to rights or obligations arising in connection with tax years beginning before 6th April 2016. 2 For the purposes of paragraph (1), references to repealed provisions of the Pension Schemes Act 1993 are to be read as though such provisions were still in force. Charlie Elphicke George Hollingbery Two of the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Treasury 11th March 2016 Jennie Granger Jim Harra Two of the Commissioners for Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs 10th March 2016 The Secretary of State concurs as indicated in the preamble. Signed by authority of the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions. Altmann Minister of State Department for Work and Pensions 10th March 2016 The Department for Social Development concurs as indicated in the preamble. Sealed with the Official Seal of the Department for Social Development on 9th March 2016 Anne McCleary A senior officer of the Department of Social Development