IMMIGRATION PART 1 INTERPRETATION ETC Citation and commencement 1 These Regulations may be cited as the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2006 and shall come into force on 30 th April 2006. General interpretation 2 1 In these Regulations— “ the 1971 Act ” means the Immigration Act 1971 ; “ the 1999 Act ” means the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 ; “ the 2002 Act ” means the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002; the 2014 Act ” means the Immigration Act 2014; “the Accession Regulations ” means the Accession (Immigration and Worker Registration) Regulations 2004; “civil partner” does not include— a party to a civil partnership of convenience; or the civil partner (“C”) of a person (“P”) where a spouse, civil partner or durable partner of C or P is already present in the United Kingdom; “ decision maker ” means the Secretary of State, an immigration officer or an entry clearance officer (as the case may be); “deportation order” means an order made pursuant to regulation 24(3); “derivative residence card” means a card issued to a person, in accordance with regulation 18A, as proof of the holder’s derivative right to reside in the United Kingdom as at the date of issue; “ document certifying permanent residence ” means a document issued to an EEA national, in accordance with regulation 18, as proof of the holder's permanent right of residence under regulation 15 as at the date of issue; “durable partner” does not include the durable partner (“D”) of a person (“P”) where a spouse, civil partner or durable partner of D or P is already present in the United Kingdom and where that marriage, civil partnership or durable partnership is subsisting; “ EEA decision” means a decision under these Regulations that concerns— a person’s entitlement to be admitted to the United Kingdom; a person’s entitlement to be issued with or have renewed, or not to have revoked, a registration certificate, residence card, derivative residence card, document certifying permanent residence or permanent residence card; a person’s removal from the United Kingdom; or the cancellation, pursuant to regulation 20A, of a person’s right to reside in the United Kingdom ; but does not include decisions under regulations 24AA (human rights considerations and interim orders to suspend removal) or 29AA (temporary admission in order to submit case in person) ; “ EEA family permit ” means a document issued to a person, in accordance with regulation 12, in connection with his admission to the United Kingdom; “ EEA national ” means a national of an EEA State who is not also a British citizen ; “ EEA State ” means— a member State, other than the United Kingdom; Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein; or Switzerland; “ entry clearance ” has the meaning given in section 33(1) of the 1971 Act ; “ entry clearance officer ” means a person responsible for the grant or refusal of entry clearance; “exclusion order” means an order made under regulation 19(1B) ; “ immigration rules ” has the meaning given in section 33(1) of the 1971 Act; “ military service ” means service in the armed forces of an EEA State; “ permanent residence card ” means a card issued to a person who is not an EEA national, in accordance with regulation 18, as proof of the holder's permanent right of residence under regulation 15 as at the date of issue; “ ... qualifying EEA State residence card” means— a valid document called a “Residence card of a family member of a Union Citizen” issued under Article 10 of Council Directive 2004/38/EC (as applied, where relevant, by the EEA Agreement) by an EEA State listed in sub-paragraph (b) to a non- EEA family member of an EEA national as proof of the holder’s right of residence in that State; any EEA State, except Switzerland ; “ registration certificate ” means a certificate issued to an EEA national, in accordance with regulation 16, as proof of the holder's right of residence in the United Kingdom as at the date of issue; “ relevant EEA national ” in relation to an extended family member has the meaning given in regulation 8(6); “ residence card ” means a card issued to a person who is not an EEA national, in accordance with regulation 17, as proof of the holder's right of residence in the United Kingdom as at the date of issue; “spouse” does not include— a party to a marriage of convenience; or the spouse (“S”) of a person (“P”) where a spouse, civil partner or durable partner of S or P is already present in the United Kingdom; ... 2 Paragraph (1) is subject to paragraph 1(a) of Schedule 4 (transitional provisions). 3 Section 11 of the 1971 Act (construction of references to entry) shall apply for the purpose of determining whether a person has entered the United Kingdom for the purpose of these Regulations as it applies for the purpose of determining whether a person has entered the United Kingdom for the purpose of that Act. Continuity of residence 3 1 This regulation applies for the purpose of calculating periods of continuous residence in the United Kingdom under regulation 5(1) and regulation 15. 2 Continuity of residence is not affected by — a periods of absence from the United Kingdom which do not exceed six months in total in any year; b periods of absence from the United Kingdom on military service; or c any one absence from the United Kingdom not exceeding twelve months for an important reason such as pregnancy and childbirth, serious illness, study or vocational training or an overseas posting. 3 But continuity of residence is broken if a person is removed from the United Kingdom under these Regulations . “Worker”, “self-employed person”, “self-sufficient person” and “student” 4 1 In these Regulations — a “ worker ” means a worker within the meaning of Article 39 of the Treaty establishing the European Community Article 45 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union ; b “ self-employed person ” means a person who establishes himself in order to pursue activity as a self-employed person in accordance with Article 43 of the Treaty establishing the European Community Article 49 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union ; c “ self-sufficient person ” means a person who has— i sufficient resources not to become a burden on the social assistance system of the United Kingdom during his period of residence; and ii comprehensive sickness insurance cover in the United Kingdom; d “ student ” means a person who— i is enrolled, for the principal purpose of following a course of study (including vocational training), at a public or private establishment which is— aa financed from public funds; or bb otherwise recognised by the Secretary of State as an establishment which has been accredited for the purpose of providing such courses or training within the law or administrative practice of the part of the United Kingdom in which the establishment is located; ii has comprehensive sickness insurance cover in the United Kingdom; and iii assures the Secretary of State, by means of a declaration, or by such equivalent means as the person may choose, that he has sufficient resources not to become a burden on the social assistance system of the United Kingdom during his period of residence. 2 For the purposes of paragraph (1)(c) or (d) , where family members of the person concerned reside in the United Kingdom and their right to reside is dependent upon their being family members of that person— a the requirement for that person to have sufficient resources not to become a burden on the social assistance system of the United Kingdom during his period of residence shall only be satisfied if his resources and those of the family members are sufficient to avoid him and the family members becoming such a burden; b the requirement for that person to have comprehensive sickness insurance cover in the United Kingdom shall only be satisfied if he and his family members have such cover. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 For the purposes of paragraphs (1)(c) and (d) and paragraph (2) , the resources of the person concerned and, where applicable, any family members, are to be regarded as sufficient if — a they exceed the maximum level of resources which a British citizen and his family members may possess if he is to become eligible for social assistance under the United Kingdom benefit system; or b paragraph (a) does not apply but, taking into account the personal situation of the person concerned and, where applicable, any family members, it appears to the decision maker that the resources of the person or persons concerned should be regarded as sufficient. 5 For the purpose of regulation 15A(2) references in this regulation to “family members” includes a “primary carer” as defined in regulation 15A(7). “Worker or self-employed person who has ceased activity” 5 1 In these Regulations, “ worker or self-employed person who has ceased activity ” means an EEA national who satisfies the conditions in paragraph (2), (3), (4) or (5). 2 A person satisfies the conditions in this paragraph if he— a terminates his activity as a worker or self-employed person and— i has reached the age at which he is entitled to a state pension on the date on which he terminates his activity; or ii in the case of a worker, ceases working to take early retirement; b pursued his activity as a worker or self-employed person in the United Kingdom for at least twelve months prior to the termination; and c resided in the United Kingdom continuously for more than three years prior to the termination. 3 A person satisfies the conditions in this paragraph if— a he terminates his activity in the United Kingdom as a worker or self-employed person as a result of a permanent incapacity to work; and b either— i he resided in the United Kingdom continuously for more than two years prior to the termination; or ii the incapacity is the result of an accident at work or an occupational disease that entitles him to a pension payable in full or in part by an institution in the United Kingdom. 4 A person satisfies the conditions in this paragraph if— a he is active as a worker or self-employed person in an EEA State but retains his place of residence in the United Kingdom, to which he returns as a rule at least once a week; and b prior to becoming so active in that EEA State, he had been continuously resident and continuously active as a worker or self-employed person in the United Kingdom for at least three years. 5 A person who satisfies the condition in paragraph (4)(a) but not the condition in paragraph (4)(b) shall, for the purposes of paragraphs (2) and (3), be treated as being active and resident in the United Kingdom during any period in which he is working or self-employed in the EEA State. 6 The conditions in paragraphs (2) and (3) as to length of residence and activity as a worker or self-employed person shall not apply in relation to a person whose spouse or civil partner is a British citizen . 7 Subject to “regulations 6(2), 7A(3) or 7B(3) , for the purposes of this regulation— a periods of inactivity for reasons not of the person's own making; b periods of inactivity due to illness or accident; and c in the case of a worker, periods of involuntary unemployment duly recorded by the relevant employment office, shall be treated as periods of activity as a worker or self-employed person, as the case may be. “Qualified person” 6 1 In these Regulations, “ qualified person ” means a person who is an EEA national and in the United Kingdom as— a a jobseeker; b a worker; c a self-employed person; d a self-sufficient person; or e a student. 2 Subject to regulations 7A(4) and 7B(4) , a person who is no longer working shall not cease to be treated as a worker for the purpose of paragraph (1)(b) if— a he is temporarily unable to work as the result of an illness or accident; b he is in duly recorded involuntary unemployment after having been employed in the United Kingdom for at least one year, provided that he— i has registered as a jobseeker with the relevant employment office; and ii satisfies conditions A and B; ba he is in duly recorded involuntary unemployment after having been employed in the United Kingdom for less than one year, provided that he— i has registered as a jobseeker with the relevant employment office; and ii satisfies conditions A and B; c he is involuntarily unemployed and has embarked on vocational training; or d he has voluntarily ceased working and embarked on vocational training that is related to his previous employment. 2A A person to whom paragraph (2)(ba) applies may only retain worker status for a maximum of six months. 3 A person who is no longer in self-employment shall not cease to be treated as a self-employed person for the purpose of paragraph (1)(c) if he is temporarily unable to pursue his activity as a self-employed person as the result of an illness or accident. 4 For the purpose of paragraph (1)(a), a “jobseeker” is a person who satisfies conditions A and B A, B and, where relevant, C . 5 Condition A is that the person— a entered the United Kingdom in order to seek employment; or b is present in the United Kingdom seeking employment, immediately after enjoying a right to reside pursuant to paragraph (1)(b) to (e) (disregarding any period during which worker status was retained pursuant to paragraph (2)(b) or (ba)). 6 Condition B is that the person can provide evidence that he is seeking employment and has a genuine chance of being engaged. 7 A person may not retain the status of a worker pursuant to paragraph (2)(b), or jobseeker pursuant to paragraph (1)(a), for longer than six months the relevant period unless he can provide compelling evidence that he is continuing to seek employment and has a genuine chance of being engaged . 8 In paragraph (7), “the relevant period” means— a in the case of a person retaining worker status pursuant to paragraph (2)(b), a continuous period of six months; b in the case of a jobseeker, 182 91 days, minus the cumulative total of any days during which the person concerned previously enjoyed a right to reside as a jobseeker, not including any days prior to a continuous absence from the United Kingdom of at least 12 months. 9 Condition C applies where the person concerned has, previously, enjoyed a right to reside under this regulation as a result of satisfying conditions A and B— a in the case of a person to whom paragraph (2)(b) or (ba) applied, for at least six months; or b in the case of a jobseeker, for at least 182 91 days in total, unless the person concerned has, since enjoying the above right to reside, been continuously absent from the United Kingdom for at least 12 months. 10 Condition C is that the person has had a period of absence from the United Kingdom. 11 Where condition C applies— a paragraph (7) does not apply; and b condition B has effect as if “compelling” were inserted before “evidence”. Family member 7 1 Subject to paragraph (2), for the purposes of these Regulations the following persons shall be treated as the family members of another person— a his spouse or his civil partner; b direct descendants of his, his spouse or his civil partner who are— i under 21; or ii dependants of his, his spouse or his civil partner; c dependent direct relatives in his ascending line or that of his spouse or his civil partner; d a person who is to be treated as the family member of that other person under paragraph (3). 2 A person shall not be treated under paragraph (1)(b) or (c) as the family member of a student residing in the United Kingdom after the period of three months beginning on the date on which the student is admitted to the United Kingdom unless— a in the case of paragraph (b), the person is the dependent child of the student or of his spouse or civil partner; or b the student also falls within one of the other categories of qualified persons mentioned in regulation 6(1). 3 Subject to paragraph (4), a person who is an extended family member and has been issued with an EEA family permit, a registration certificate or a residence card shall be treated as the family member of the relevant EEA national for as long as he continues to satisfy the conditions in regulation 8(2), (3), (4) or (5) in relation to that EEA national and the permit, certificate or card has not ceased to be valid or been revoked. 4 Where the relevant EEA national is a student, the extended family member shall only be treated as the family member of that national under paragraph (3) if either the EEA family permit was issued under regulation 12(2), the registration certificate was issued under regulation 16(5) or the residence card was issued under regulation 17(4). Application of the Accession Regulations 7A 1 This regulation applies to an EEA national who was an accession State worker requiring registration on 30th April 2011 (‘an accession worker’). 2 In this regulation— “accession State worker requiring registration” has the same meaning as in regulation 1(2)(d) of the Accession Regulations; “legally working” has the same meaning as in regulation 2(7) of the Accession Regulations. 3 In regulation 5(7)(c), where the worker is an accession worker, periods of involuntary unemployment duly recorded by the relevant employment office shall be treated only as periods of activity as a worker— a during any period in which regulation 5(4) of the Accession Regulations applied to that person; or b when the unemployment began on or after 1st May 2011. 4 Regulation 6(2) applies to an accession worker where he— a was a person to whom regulation 5(4) of the Accession Regulations applied on 30th April 2011; or b became unable to work, became unemployed or ceased to work, as the case maybe, on or after 1st May 2011. 5 For the purposes of regulation 15, an accession worker shall be treated as having resided in accordance with these Regulations during any period before 1st May 2011 in which the accession worker— a was legally working in the United Kingdom; or b was a person to whom regulation 5(4) of the Accession Regulations applied. 6 Subject to paragraph (7), a registration certificate issued to an accession worker under regulation 8 of the Accession Regulations shall, from 1st May 2011, be treated as if it was a registration certificate issued under these Regulations where the accession worker was legally working in the United Kingdom for the employer specified in that certificate on— a 30th April 2011; or b the date on which the certificate is issued where it is issued after 30th April 2011. 7 Paragraph (6) does not apply— a if the Secretary of State issues a registration certificate in accordance with regulation 16 to an accession worker on or after 1st May 2011; and b from the date of registration stated on that certificate. Application of the EU2 Regulations 7B 1 This regulation applies to an EEA national who was an accession State national subject to worker authorisation before 1st January 2014. 2 In this regulation— “accession State national subject to worker authorisation” has the same meaning as in regulation 2 of the EU2 Regulations ; “the EU2 Regulations ” means the Accession (Immigration and Worker Authorisation) Regulations 2006. 3 Regulation 2(12) of the EU2 Regulations (accession State national subject to worker authorisation: legally working) has effect for the purposes of this regulation as it does for regulation 2(3) and (4) of the EU2 Regulations . 4 In regulation 5(7)(c), where the worker is an accession State national subject to worker authorisation, periods of involuntary unemployment duly recorded by the relevant employment office must only be treated as periods of activity as a worker when the unemployment began on or after 1st January 2014. 5 Regulation 6(2) applies to an accession State national subject to worker authorisation where the accession State national subject to worker authorisation became unable to work, became unemployed or ceased to work, as the case may be, on or after 1st January 2014. 6 For the purposes of regulation 15, an accession State national subject to worker authorisation must be treated as having resided in accordance with these Regulations during any period before 1st January 2014 in which the accession State national subject to worker authorisation was legally working in the United Kingdom. 7 An accession worker card issued to an accession State national subject to worker authorisation under regulation 11 of the EU2 Regulations before 1st January 2014 must be treated as if it were a registration certificate issued under these Regulations so long as it has not expired . “Extended family member” 8 1 In these Regulations “ extended family member ” means a person who is not a family member of an EEA national under regulation 7(1)(a), (b) or (c) and who satisfies the conditions in paragraph (2), (3), (4) or (5). 2 A person satisfies the condition in this paragraph if the person is a relative of an EEA national, his spouse or his civil partner and— a the person is residing in a country other than the United Kingdom ... and is dependent upon the EEA national or is a member of his household; b the person satisfied the condition in paragraph (a) and is accompanying the EEA national to the United Kingdom or wishes to join him there; or c the person satisfied the condition in paragraph (a), has joined the EEA national in the United Kingdom and continues to be dependent upon him or to be a member of his household. 3 A person satisfies the condition in this paragraph if the person is a relative of an EEA national or his spouse or his civil partner and, on serious health grounds, strictly requires the personal care of the EEA national his spouse or his civil partner. 4 A person satisfies the condition in this paragraph if the person is a relative of an EEA national and would meet the requirements in the immigration rules (other than those relating to entry clearance) for indefinite leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom as a dependent relative of the EEA national were the EEA national a person present and settled in the United Kingdom. 5 A person satisfies the condition in this paragraph if the person is the partner of an EEA national (other than a civil partner) and can prove to the decision maker that he is in a durable relationship with the EEA national. 6 In these Regulations “ relevant EEA national ” means, in relation to an extended family member, the EEA national who is or whose spouse or civil partner is the relative of the extended family member for the purpose of paragraph (2), (3) or (4) or the EEA national who is the partner of the extended family member for the purpose of paragraph (5). Family members of British citizen 9 1 If the conditions in paragraph (2) are satisfied, these Regulations apply to a person who is the family member of a British citizen as if the British citizen were an EEA national. 2 The conditions are that— a the British citizen is residing in an EEA State as a worker or self-employed person or was so residing before returning to the United Kingdom; and b if the family member of the British citizen is his spouse or civil partner, the parties are living together in the EEA State or had entered into the marriage or civil partnership and were living together in that State before the British citizen returned to the United Kingdom. 3 Where these Regulations apply to the family member of a British citizen the United Kingdom national shall be treated as holding a valid passport issued by an EEA State for the purpose of the application of regulation 13 to that family member. 1 If the conditions in paragraph (2) are satisfied, these Regulations apply to a person who is the family member of a British citizen as if the British citizen (“P”) were an EEA national. 2 The conditions are that— a P is residing in an EEA State as a worker or self-employed person or was so residing before returning to the United Kingdom; b if the family member of P is P’s spouse or civil partner, the parties are living together in the EEA State or had entered into the marriage or civil partnership and were living together in the EEA State before the British citizen returned to the United Kingdom; and c the centre of P’s life has transferred to the EEA State where P resided as a worker or self-employed person. 3 Factors relevant to whether the centre of P’s life has transferred to another EEA State include— a the period of residence in the EEA State as a worker or self-employed person; b the location of P’s principal residence; c the degree of integration of P in the EEA State. 4 Where these Regulations apply to the family member of P, P is to be treated as holding a valid passport issued by an EEA State for the purpose of the application of regulation 13 to that family member. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “Family member who has retained the right of residence” 10 1 In these Regulations, “ family member who has retained the right of residence ” means, subject to paragraph (8), a person who satisfies the conditions in paragraph (2), (3), (4) or (5). 2 A person satisfies the conditions in this paragraph if— a he was a family member of a qualified person or of an EEA national with a permanent right of residence when that person died; b he resided in the United Kingdom in accordance with these Regulations for at least the year immediately before the death of the qualified person or the EEA national with a permanent right of residence ; and c he satisfies the condition in paragraph (6). 3 A person satisfies the conditions in this paragraph if— a he is the direct descendant of— i a qualified person or an EEA national with a permanent right of residence who has died; ii a person who ceased to be a qualified person on ceasing to reside in the United Kingdom; or iii the person who was the spouse or civil partner of the qualified person or the EEA national with a permanent right of residence mentioned in sub-paragraph (i) when he died or is the spouse or civil partner of the person mentioned in sub-paragraph (ii); and b he was attending an educational course in the United Kingdom immediately before the qualified person or the EEA national with a permanent right of residence died or ceased to be a qualified person and continues to attend such a course. 4 A person satisfies the conditions in this paragraph if the person is the parent with actual custody of a child who satisfies the condition in paragraph (3). 5 A person satisfies the conditions in this paragraph if— a he ceased to be a family member of a qualified person or of an EEA national with a permanent right of residence on the termination of the marriage or civil partnership of that person; b he was residing in the United Kingdom in accordance with these Regulations at the date of the termination; c he satisfies the condition in paragraph (6); and d either— i prior to the initiation of the proceedings for the termination of the marriage or the civil partnership the marriage or civil partnership had lasted for at least three years and the parties to the marriage or civil partnership had resided in the United Kingdom for at least one year during its duration; ii the former spouse or civil partner of the qualified person or the EEA national with a permanent right of residence has custody of a child of the qualified person; iii the former spouse or civil partner of the qualified person or the EEA national with a permanent right of residence has the right of access to a child of the qualified person or the EEA national with a permanent right of residence, where the child is under the age of 18 and where a court has ordered that such access must take place in the United Kingdom; or iv the continued right of residence in the United Kingdom of the person is warranted by particularly difficult circumstances, such as he or another family member having been a victim of domestic violence while the marriage or civil partnership was subsisting. 6 The condition in this paragraph is that the person— a is not an EEA national but would, if he were an EEA national, be a worker, a self-employed person or a self-sufficient person under regulation 6; or b is the family member of a person who falls within paragraph (a). 7 In this regulation, “ educational course ” means a course within the scope of Article 12 of Council Regulation ( EEC ) No. 1612/68 on freedom of movement for workers . 8 A person with a permanent right of residence under regulation 15 shall not become a family member who has retained the right of residence on the death or departure from the United Kingdom of the qualified person or the EEA national with a permanent right of residence or the termination of the marriage or civil partnership, as the case may be, and a family member who has retained the right of residence shall cease to have that status on acquiring a permanent right of residence under regulation 15. PART 2 EEA RIGHTS Right of admission to the United Kingdom 11 1 An EEA national must be admitted to the United Kingdom if he produces on arrival a valid national identity card or passport issued by an EEA State. 2 A person who is not an EEA national must be admitted to the United Kingdom if he is— a a family member of an EEA national and produces on arrival a valid passport and a qualifying EEA State residence card, provided the conditions in regulation 19(2)(a) (non- EEA family member to be accompanying or joining EEA national in the United Kingdom) and (b) ( EEA national must have a right to reside in the United Kingdom under these Regulations) are met; or b a family member of an EEA national, a family member who has retained the right of residence, a person who meets the criteria in paragraph (5) or a person with a permanent right of residence under regulation 15 and produces on arrival— i a valid passport; and ii an EEA family permit, a residence card, a derivative residence card or a permanent residence card. 3 An immigration officer must not place a stamp in the passport of a person admitted to the United Kingdom under this regulation who is not an EEA national if the person produces a residence card, a derivative residence card, a permanent residence card or a qualifying EEA State residence card. 4 Before an immigration officer refuses admission to the United Kingdom to a person under this regulation because the person does not produce on arrival a document mentioned in paragraph (1) or (2), the immigration officer must give the person every reasonable opportunity to obtain the document or have it brought to him within a reasonable period of time or to prove by other means that he is— a an EEA national; b a family member of an EEA national with a right to accompany that national or join him in the United Kingdom; ... c a family member who has retained the right of residence or a person with a permanent right of residence under regulation 15. ba a person who meets the criteria in paragraph (5); or 5 A person (“P”) meets the criteria in this paragraph where— a P previously resided in the United Kingdom pursuant to regulation 15A(3) and would be entitled to reside in the United Kingdom pursuant to that regulation were P in the country; b P is accompanying an EEA national to, or joining an EEA national in, the United Kingdom and P would be entitled to reside in the United Kingdom pursuant to regulation 15A(2) were P and the EEA national both in the United Kingdom; c P is accompanying a person (“the relevant person”) to, or joining the relevant person in, the United Kingdom and— i the relevant person is residing, or has resided, in the United Kingdom pursuant to regulation 15A(3); and ii P would be entitled to reside in the United Kingdom pursuant to regulation 15A(4) were P and the relevant person both in the United Kingdom; d P is accompanying a person who meets the criteria in (b) or (c) (“the relevant person”) to the United Kingdom and— i P and the relevant person are both— aa seeking admission to the United Kingdom in reliance on this paragraph for the first time; or bb returning to the United Kingdom having previously resided there pursuant to the same provisions of regulation 15A in reliance on which they now base their claim to admission; and ii P would be entitled to reside in the United Kingdom pursuant to regulation 15A(5) were P and the relevant person there; e P is accompanying a British citizen to, or joining a British citizen in, the United Kingdom and P would be entitled to reside in the United Kingdom pursuant to regulation 15A(4A) were P and the British citizen both in the United Kingdom. 6 Paragraph (7) applies where— a a person (“P”) seeks admission to the United Kingdom in reliance on paragraph (5)(b), (c) or (e) ; and b if P were in the United Kingdom, P would have a derived right of residence by virtue of regulation 15A(7)(b)(ii). 7 Where this paragraph applies a person (“P”) will only be regarded as meeting the criteria in paragraph (5)(b), (c) or (e) where P— a is accompanying the person with whom P would on admission to the United Kingdom jointly share care responsibility for the purpose of regulation 15A(7)(b)(ii); or b has previously resided in the United Kingdom pursuant to regulation 15A(2), (4) or (4A) as a joint primary carer and seeks admission to the United Kingdom in order to reside there again on the same basis. 8 But this regulation is subject to regulations 19(1) , (1A) , (1AB) and (2) and 23A . Issue of EEA family permit 12 1 An entry clearance officer must issue an EEA family permit to a person who applies for one if the person is a family member of an EEA national and— a the EEA national— i is residing in the UK in accordance with these Regulations; or ii will be travelling to the United Kingdom within six months of the date of the application and will be an EEA national residing in the United Kingdom in accordance with these Regulations on arrival in the United Kingdom; and b the family member will be accompanying the EEA national to the United Kingdom or joining the EEA national there. 1A An entry clearance officer must issue an EEA family permit to a person who applies and provides proof that, at the time at which he first intends to use the EEA family permit, he— a would be entitled to be admitted to the United Kingdom by virtue of regulation 11(5); and b will (save in the case of a person who would be entitled to be admitted to the United Kingdom by virtue of regulation 11(5)(a)) be accompanying to, or joining in, the United Kingdom any person from whom his right to be admitted to the United Kingdom under regulation 11(5) will be derived. 1B An entry clearance officer must issue an EEA family permit to a family member who has retained the right of residence. 2 An entry clearance officer may issue an EEA family permit to an extended family member of an EEA national who applies for one if— a the relevant EEA national satisfies the condition in paragraph (1)(a); b the extended family member wishes to accompany the relevant EEA national to the United Kingdom or to join him there; and c in all the circumstances, it appears to the entry clearance officer appropriate to issue the EEA family permit. 3 Where an entry clearance officer receives an application under paragraph (2) he shall undertake an extensive examination of the personal circumstances of the applicant and if he refuses the application shall give reasons justifying the refusal unless this is contrary to the interests of national security. 4 An EEA family permit issued under this regulation shall be issued free of charge and as soon as possible. 5 But an EEA family permit shall not be issued under this regulation if the applicant or the EEA national concerned is not entitled to be admitted to the United Kingdom as a result of regulation 19(1A) or (1AB) or falls to be excluded in accordance with regulation 19(1B) . 6 An EEA family permit will not be issued under this regulation to a person (“A”) who is the spouse, civil partner or durable partner of a person (“B”) where a spouse, civil partner or durable partner of A or B holds a valid EEA family permit. Initial right of residence 13 1 An EEA national is entitled to reside in the United Kingdom for a period not exceeding three months beginning on the date on which he is admitted to the United Kingdom provided that he holds a valid national identity card or passport issued by an EEA State. 2 A family member of an EEA national or a family member who has retained the right of residence who is residing in the United Kingdom under paragraph (1) who is not himself an EEA national is entitled to reside in the United Kingdom provided that he holds a valid passport. 3 An EEA national or his family member who becomes an unreasonable burden on the social assistance system of the United Kingdom will cease to have a right to reside under this regulation. 4 A person who otherwise satisfies the criteria in this regulation will not be entitled to reside in the United Kingdom under this regulation where the Secretary of State or an immigration officer has made a decision under — a regulation 19(3)(b), 20(1) , 20A(1) or 23A ; or b regulation 21B(2), where that decision was taken in the preceding twelve months. Extended right of residence 14 1 A qualified person is entitled to reside in the United Kingdom for so long as he remains a qualified person. 2 A family member of a qualified person residing in the United Kingdom under paragraph (1) or of an EEA national with a permanent right of residence under regulation 15 is entitled to reside in the United Kingdom for so long as he remains the family member of the qualified person or EEA national. 3 A family member who has retained the right of residence is entitled to reside in the United Kingdom for so long as he remains a family member who has retained the right of residence. 4 A right to reside under this regulation is in addition to any right a person may have to reside in the United Kingdom under regulation 13 or 15. 5 A person who otherwise satisfies the criteria in this regulation will not be entitled to a right to reside in the United Kingdom under this regulation where the Secretary of State or an immigration officer has made a decision under — a regulation 19(3)(b), 20(1) , 20A(1) or 23A ; or b regulation 21B(2) (not including such a decision taken on the basis of regulation 21B(1)(a) or (b)), where that decision was taken in the preceding twelve months. Permanent right of residence 15 1 The following persons shall acquire the right to reside in the United Kingdom permanently— a an EEA national who has resided in the United Kingdom in accordance with these Regulations for a continuous period of five years; b a family member of an EEA national who is not himself an EEA national but who has resided in the United Kingdom with the EEA national in accordance with these Regulations for a continuous period of five years; c a worker or self-employed person who has ceased activity; d the family member of a worker or self-employed person who has ceased activity; e a person who was the family member of a worker or self-employed person where— i the worker or self-employed person has died; ii the family member resided with him immediately before his death; and iii the worker or self-employed person had resided continuously in the United Kingdom for at least the two years immediately before his death or the death was the result of an accident at work or an occupational disease; f a person who— i has resided in the United Kingdom in accordance with these Regulations for a continuous period of five years; and ii was, at the end of that period, a family member who has retained the right of residence. 1A Residence in the United Kingdom as a result of a derivative right of residence does not constitute residence for the purpose of this regulation. 2 The right of permanent residence under this regulation shall be lost only through absence from the United Kingdom for a period exceeding two consecutive years. 3 A person who satisfies the criteria in this regulation will not be entitled to a permanent right to reside in the United Kingdom where the Secretary of State or an immigration officer has made a decision under — a regulation 19(3)(b), 20(1) , 20A(1) or 23A ; or b regulation 21B(2) (not including such a decision taken on the basis of regulation 21B(1)(a) or (b)), where that decision was taken in the preceding twelve months. Derivative right of residence 15A 1 A person (“P”) who is not an exempt person and who satisfies the criteria in paragraph (2), (3), (4) , (4A) or (5) of this regulation is entitled to a derivative right to reside in the United Kingdom for as long as P satisfies the relevant criteria. 2 P satisfies the criteria in this paragraph if— a P is the primary carer of an EEA national (“the relevant EEA national”); and b the relevant EEA national— i is under the age of 18; ii is residing in the United Kingdom as a self-sufficient person; and iii would be unable to remain in the United Kingdom if P were required to leave. 3 P satisfies the criteria in this paragraph if— a P is the child of an EEA national (“the EEA national parent”); b P resided in the United Kingdom at a time when the EEA national parent was residing in the United Kingdom as a worker; and c P is in education in the United Kingdom and was in education there at a time when the EEA national parent was in the United Kingdom. 4 P satisfies the criteria in this paragraph if— a P is the primary carer of a person meeting the criteria in paragraph (3) (“the relevant person”); and b the relevant person would be unable to continue to be educated in the United Kingdom if P were required to leave. 4A P satisfies the criteria in this paragraph if— a P is the primary carer of a British citizen (“the relevant British citizen”); b the relevant British citizen is residing in the United Kingdom; and c the relevant British citizen would be unable to reside in the UK or in another EEA State if P were required to leave. 5 P satisfies the criteria in this paragraph if— a P is under the age of 18; b P’s primary carer is entitled to a derivative right to reside in the United Kingdom by virtue of paragraph (2) or (4); c P does not have leave to enter, or remain in, the United Kingdom; and d requiring P to leave the United Kingdom would prevent P’s primary carer from residing in the United Kingdom. 6 For the purpose of this regulation— a “education” excludes nursery education; ... b “worker” does not include a jobseeker or a person who falls to be regarded as a worker by virtue of regulation 6(2); and c “an exempt person” is a person— i who has a right to reside in the United Kingdom as a result of any other provision of these Regulations; ii who has a right of abode in the United Kingdom by virtue of section 2 of the 1971 Act; iii to whom section 8 of the 1971 Act, or any order made under subsection (2) of that provision, applies; or iv who has indefinite leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom. 7 P is to be regarded as a “primary carer” of another person if a P is a direct relative or a legal guardian of that person; and b P— i is the person who has primary responsibility for that person’s care; or ii shares equally the responsibility for that person’s care with one other person who is not an exempt person. 7A Where P is to be regarded as a primary carer of another person by virtue of paragraph (7)(b)(ii) the criteria in paragraphs (2)(b)(iii), (4)(b) and (4A)(c) shall be considered on the basis that both P and the person with whom care responsibility is shared would be required to leave the United Kingdom. 7B Paragraph (7A) does not apply if the person with whom care responsibility is shared acquired a derivative right to reside in the United Kingdom as a result of this regulation prior to P assuming equal care responsibility. 8 P will not be regarded as having responsibility for a person’s care for the purpose of paragraph (7) on the sole basis of a financial contribution towards that person’s care. 9 A person who otherwise satisfies the criteria in paragraph (2), (3), (4) , (4A) or (5) will not be entitled to a derivative right to reside in the United Kingdom where the Secretary of State or an immigration officer has made a decision under — a regulation 19(3)(b), 20(1) , 20A(1) or 23A ; or b regulation 21B(2), where that decision was taken in the preceding twelve months. Continuation of a right of residence 15B 1 This regulation applies during any period in which, but for the effect of regulation 13(4), 14(5), 15(3) or 15A(9), a person (“P”) who is in the United Kingdom would be entitled to reside here pursuant to these Regulations. 2 Where this regulation applies, any right of residence will (notwithstanding the effect of regulation 13(4), 14(5), 15(3) or 15A(9)) be deemed to continue during any period in which— a an appeal under regulation 26 could be brought, while P is in the United Kingdom, against a relevant decision (ignoring any possibility of an appeal out of time with permission); or b an appeal under regulation 26 against a relevant decision, brought while P is in the United Kingdom, is pending .... 3 Periods during which residence pursuant to regulation 14 is deemed to continue as a result of paragraph (2) will not constitute residence for the purpose of regulation 15 unless and until— a a relevant decision is withdrawn by the Secretary of State; or b an appeal against a relevant decision is allowed and that appeal is finally determined .... 4 Periods during which residence is deemed to continue as a result of paragraph (2) will not constitute residence for the purpose of regulation 21(4)(a) unless and until— a a relevant decision is withdrawn by the Secretary of State; or b an appeal against a relevant decision is allowed and that appeal is finally determined .... 5 A “relevant decision” for the purpose of this regulation means a decision pursuant to regulation 19(3)(b) or (c) , 20(1) or 20A(1) which would, but for the effect of paragraph (2), prevent P from residing in the United Kingdom pursuant to these Regulations. 6 This regulation does not affect the ability of the Secretary of State to give directions for P’s removal while an appeal is pending or before it is finally determined. 7 In this regulation, “pending” and “finally determined” have the meanings given in section 104 of the 2002 Act. PART 3 RESIDENCE DOCUMENTATION Issue of registration certificate 16 1 The Secretary of State must issue a registration certificate to a qualified person immediately on application and production of— a a valid identity card or passport issued by an EEA State; b proof that he is a qualified person. 2 In the case of a worker, confirmation of the worker's engagement from his employer or a certificate of employment is sufficient proof for the purposes of paragraph (1)(b). 3 The Secretary of State must issue a registration certificate to an EEA national who is the family member of a qualified person or of an EEA national with a permanent right of residence under regulation 15 immediately on application and production of— a a valid identity card or passport issued by an EEA State; and b proof that the applicant is such a family member. 4 The Secretary of State must issue a registration certificate to an EEA national who is a family member who has retained the right of residence on application and production of— a a valid identity card or passport; and b proof that the applicant is a family member who has retained the right of residence. 5 The Secretary of State may issue a registration certificate to an extended family member not falling within regulation 7(3) who is an EEA national on application if— a the relevant EEA national in relation to the extended family member is a qualified person or an EEA national with a permanent right of residence under regulation 15; and b in all the circumstances it appears to the Secretary of State appropriate to issue the registration certificate. 6 Where the Secretary of State receives an application under paragraph (5) he shall undertake an extensive examination of the personal circumstances of the applicant and if he refuses the application shall give reasons justifying the refusal unless this is contrary to the interests of national security. 7 A registration certificate issued under this regulation shall state the name and address of the person registering and the date of registration .... 8 But this regulation is subject to regulations 7A(6) and 20(1). Issue of residence card 17 1 The Secretary of State must issue a residence card to a person who is not an EEA national and is the family member of a qualified person or of an EEA national with a permanent right of residence under regulation 15 on application and production of— a a valid passport; and b proof that the applicant is such a family member. 2 The Secretary of State must issue a residence card to a person who is not an EEA national but who is a family member who has retained the right of residence on application and production of— a a valid passport; and b proof that the applicant is a family member who has retained the right of residence. 3 On receipt of an application under paragraph (1) or (2) and the documents that are required to accompany the application the Secretary of State shall immediately issue the applicant with a certificate of application for the residence card and the residence card shall be issued no later than six months after the date on which the application and documents are received. 4 The Secretary of State may issue a residence card to an extended family member not falling within regulation 7(3) who is not an EEA national on application if— a the relevant EEA national in relation to the extended family member is a qualified person or an EEA national with a permanent right of residence under regulation 15; and b in all the circumstances it appears to the Secretary of State appropriate to issue the residence card. 5 Where the Secretary of State receives an application under paragraph (4) he shall undertake an extensive examination of the personal circumstances of the applicant and if he refuses the application shall give reasons justifying the refusal unless this is contrary to the interests of national security. 6 A residence card issued under this regulation may take the form of a stamp in the applicant's passport and shall be ... valid for— a five years from the date of issue; or b in the case of a residence card issued to the family member or extended family member of a qualified person, the envisaged period of residence in the United Kingdom of the qualified person, whichever is the shorter. 6A A residence card issued under this regulation shall be entitled “Residence card of a family member of an EEA national” or “Residence card of a family member who has retained the right of residence”, as the case may be. 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 But this regulation is subject to regulations 20(1) and (1A) . Issue of a document certifying permanent residence and a permanent residence card 18 1 The Secretary of State must issue an EEA national with a permanent right of residence under regulation 15 with a document certifying permanent residence as soon as possible after an application for such a document and proof that the EEA national has such a right is submitted to the Secretary of State. 2 The Secretary of State must issue a person who is not an EEA national who has a permanent right of residence under regulation 15 with a permanent residence card no later than six months after the date on which an application for a permanent residence card and proof that the person has such a right is submitted to the Secretary of State. 3 Subject to paragraph (5) ..., a permanent residence card shall be valid for ten years from the date of issue and must be renewed on application. 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 A document certifying permanent residence and a permanent residence card shall cease to be valid if the holder ceases to have a right of permanent residence under regulation 15. 6 But this regulation is subject to regulation 20. Issue of a derivative residence card 18A 1 The Secretary of State must issue a person with a derivative residence card on application and on production of— a a valid identity card issued by an EEA State or a valid passport; and b proof that the applicant has a derivative right of residence under regulation 15A. 2 On receipt of an application under paragraph (1) the Secretary of State must issue the applicant with a certificate of application as soon as possible. 3 A derivative residence card issued under paragraph (1) may take the form of a stamp in the applicant’s passport and will be valid until— a a date five years from the date of issue; or b any other date specified by the Secretary of State when issuing the derivative residence card. 4 A derivative residence card issued under paragraph (1) must be issued ...as soon as practicable. 5 But this regulation is subject to regulations 20(1) and 20(1A). PART 4 REFUSAL OF ADMISSION AND REMOVAL ETC Exclusion and removal from the United Kingdom 19 1 A person is not entitled to be admitted to the United Kingdom by virtue of regulation 11 if his exclusion is justified on grounds of public policy, public security or public health in accordance with regulation 21. 1A A person is not entitled to be admitted to the United Kingdom by virtue of regulation 11 if that person is subject to a deportation or exclusion order , except where the person is temporarily admitted pursuant to regulation 29AA . 1AB A person is not entitled to be admitted to the United Kingdom by virtue of regulation 11 if the Secretary of State considers there to be reasonable grounds to suspect that his admission would lead to the abuse of a right to reside in accordance with regulation 21B(1). 1B If the Secretary of State considers that the exclusion of an EEA national or the family member of an EEA national is justified on the grounds of public policy, public security or public health in accordance with regulation 21 the Secretary of State may make an order for the purpose of these Regulations prohibiting that person from entering the United Kingdom. 2 A person is not entitled to be admitted to the United Kingdom as the family member of an EEA national under regulation 11(2) unless, at the time of his arrival— a he is accompanying the EEA national or joining him in the United Kingdom; and b the EEA national has a right to reside in the United Kingdom under these Regulations. 3 Subject to paragraphs (4) and (5), an EEA national who has entered the United Kingdom or the family member of such a national who has entered the United Kingdom may be removed if – a that person does not have or ceases to have a right to reside under these Regulations; b the Secretary of State has decided that the person’s removal is justified on grounds of public policy, public security or public health in accordance with regulation 21; or c the Secretary of State has decided that the person’s removal is justified on grounds of abuse of rights in accordance with regulation 21B(2). 4 A person must not be removed under paragraph (3) as the automatic consequence of having recourse to the social assistance system of the United Kingdom. 5 A person must not be removed under paragraph (3) if he has a right to remain in the United Kingdom by virtue of leave granted under the 1971 Act unless his removal is justified on the grounds of public policy, public security or public health in accordance with regulation 21. Refusal to issue or renew and revocation of residence documentation 20 1 The Secretary of State may refuse to issue, revoke or refuse to renew a registration certificate, a residence card, a document certifying permanent residence or a permanent residence card if the refusal or revocation is justified on grounds of public policy, public security or public health or on grounds of abuse of rights in accordance with regulation 21B(2) . 1A A decision under regulation 19(3) or 24(4) to remove a person from the United Kingdom , or a decision under regulation 23A to revoke a person’s admission to the United Kingdom, will (save during any period in which a right of residence is deemed to continue as a result of regulation 15B(2)) invalidate a registration certificate, residence card, document certifying permanent residence or permanent residence card held by that person or an application made by that person for such a certificate, card or document. 2 The Secretary of State may revoke a registration certificate or a residence card or refuse to renew a residence card if the holder of the certificate or card has ceased to have , or never had, a right to reside under these Regulations. 3 The Secretary of State may revoke a document certifying permanent residence or a permanent residence card or refuse to renew a permanent residence card if the holder of the certificate or card has ceased to have , or never had, a right of permanent residence under regulation 15. 4 An immigration officer may, at the time of a person's arrival in the United Kingdom— a revoke that person's residence card if he is not at that time the family member of a qualified person or of an EEA national who has a right of permanent residence under regulation 15, a family member who has retained the right of residence or a person with a right of permanent residence under regulation 15; b revoke that person's permanent residence card if he is not at that time a person with a right of permanent residence under regulation 15. 5 An entry clearance officer or immigration officer may at any time revoke a person’s EEA family permit if— a the revocation is justified on grounds of public policy, public security or public health; or b the person is not at that time the family member of an EEA national with the right to reside in the United Kingdom under these Regulations or is not accompanying that national or joining him in the United Kingdom. 6 Any action taken under this regulation on grounds of public policy, public security or public health shall be in accordance with regulation 21. Cancellation of a right of residence 20A 1 Where the conditions in paragraph (2) are met the Secretary of State may cancel a person’s right to reside in the United Kingdom pursuant to these Regulations. 2 The conditions in this paragraph are met where— a a person has a right to reside in the United Kingdom as a result of these Regulations; b the Secretary of State has decided that the cancellation of that person’s right to reside in the United Kingdom is justified on grounds of public policy, public security or public health in accordance with regulation 21 or on grounds of abuse of rights in accordance with regulation 21B(2) ; c the circumstances are such that the Secretary of State cannot make a decision under regulation 20(1); and d it is not possible for the Secretary of State to remove the person from the United Kingdom pursuant to regulation 19(3)(b) or (c) . Verification of a right of residence 20B 1 This regulation applies when the Secretary of State— a has reasonable doubt as to whether a person (“A”) has a right to reside under regulation 14(1) or (2); or b wants to verify the eligibility of a person (“A”) to apply for documentation issued under Part 3. 2 The Secretary of State may invite A to— a provide evidence to support the existence of a right to reside, or to support an application for documentation under Part 3; or b attend an interview with the Secretary of State. 3 If A purports to be entitled to a right to reside on the basis of a relationship with another person (“B”), the Secretary of State may invite B to— a provide information about their relationship with A; or b attend an interview with the Secretary of State. 4 If, without good reason, A or B fail to provide the additional information requested or, on at least two occasions, fail to attend an interview if so invited, the Secretary of State may draw any factual inferences about A’s entitlement to a right to reside as appear appropriate in the circumstances. 5 The Secretary of State may decide following an inference under paragraph (4) that A does not have or ceases to have a right to reside. 6 But the Secretary of State must not decide that A does not have or ceases to have a right to reside on the sole basis that A failed to comply with this regulation. 7 This regulation may not be invoked systematically. 8 In this regulation, “a right to reside” means a right to reside under these Regulations. Decisions taken on public policy, public security and public health grounds 21 1 In this regulation a “ relevant decision ” means an EEA decision taken on the grounds of public policy, public security or public health. 2 A relevant decision may not be taken to serve economic ends. 3 A relevant decision may not be taken in respect of a person with a permanent right of residence under regulation 15 except on serious grounds of public policy or public security. 4 A relevant decision may not be taken except on imperative grounds of public security in respect of an EEA national who— a has resided in the United Kingdom for a continuous period of at least ten years prior to the relevant decision; or b is under the age of 18, unless the relevant decision is necessary in his best interests, as provided for in the Convention on the Rights of the Child adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 20th November 1989 . 5 Where a relevant decision is taken on grounds of public policy or public security it shall, in addition to complying with the preceding paragraphs of this regulation, be taken in accordance with the following principles— a the decision must comply with the principle of proportionality; b the decision must be based exclusively on the personal conduct of the person concerned; c the personal conduct of the person concerned must represent a genuine, present and sufficiently serious threat affecting one of the fundamental interests of society; d matters isolated from the particulars of the case or which relate to considerations of general prevention do not justify the decision; e a person's previous criminal convictions do not in themselves justify the decision. 6 Before taking a relevant decision on the grounds of public policy or public security in relation to a person who is resident in the United Kingdom the decision maker must take account of considerations such as the age, state of health, family and economic situation of the person, the person's length of residence in the United Kingdom, the person's social and cultural integration into the United Kingdom and the extent of the person's links with his country of origin. 7 In the case of a relevant decision taken on grounds of public health— a a disease that does not have epidemic potential as defined by the relevant instruments of the World Health Organisation or is not a disease listed in Schedule 1 to the Health Protection (Notification) Regulations 2010 shall not constitute grounds for the decision; and b if the person concerned is in the United Kingdom, diseases occurring after the three month period beginning on the date on which he arrived in the United Kingdom shall not constitute grounds for the decision. Application of Part 4 to persons with a derivative right of residence 21A 1 Where this regulation applies Part 4 of these Regulations applies subject to the modifications listed in paragraph (3). 2 This regulation applies where a person— a would, notwithstanding Part 4 of these Regulations, have a right to be admitted to, or reside in, the United Kingdom by virtue of a derivative right of residence arising under regulation 15A(2), (4) , (4A) or (5); b holds a derivative residence card; or c has applied for a derivative residence card. 3 Where this regulation applies Part 4 applies in relation to the matters listed in paragraph (2) as if— a references to a matter being ...justified on grounds of public policy, public security or public health in accordance with regulation 21 ... referred instead to a matter being “conducive to the public good”; b the reference in regulation 20(5)(a) to a matter being “justified on grounds of public policy, public security or public health” referred instead to a matter being “conducive to the public good”; c references to “the family member of an EEA national” referred instead to “a person with a derivative right of residence”; d references to “a registration certificate, a residence card, a document certifying permanent residence or a permanent residence card” referred instead to “a derivative residence card”; e the reference in regulation 19(1A) to a deportation or exclusion order referred also to a deportation or exclusion order made under any provision of the immigration Acts. f regulation 20(4) instead conferred on an immigration officer the power to revoke a derivative residence card where the holder is not at that time a person with a derivative right of residence; and g regulations 20(3), 20(6) and 21 were omitted. Abuse of rights or fraud 21B 1 The abuse of a right to reside includes— a engaging in conduct which appears to be intended to circumvent the requirement to be a qualified person; b attempting to enter the United Kingdom within 12 months of being removed pursuant to regulation 19(3)(a), where the person attempting to do so is unable to provide evidence that, upon re-entry to the United Kingdom, the conditions for any right to reside, other than the initial right of residence under regulation 13, will be met; c entering, attempting to enter or assisting another person to enter or attempt to enter, a marriage or civil partnership of convenience; or d fraudulently obtaining or attempting to obtain, or assisting another to obtain or attempt to obtain, a right to reside. 2 The Secretary of State may take an EEA decision on the grounds of abuse of rights where there are reasonable grounds to suspect the abuse of a right to reside and it is proportionate to do so. 3 Where these Regulations provide that an EEA decision taken on the grounds of abuse in the preceding twelve months affects a person’s right to reside, the person who is the subject of that decision may apply to the Secretary of State to have the effect of that decision set aside on grounds that there has been a material change in the circumstances which justified that decision. 4 An application under paragraph (3) may only be made whilst the applicant is outside the United Kingdom. 5 This regulation may not be invoked systematically. 6 In this regulation, “a right to reside” means a right to reside under these Regulations. PART 5 PROCEDURE IN RELATION TO EEA DECISIONS Person claiming right of admission 22 1 This regulation applies to a person who claims a right of admission to the United Kingdom under regulation 11 as— a a person, not being an EEA national, who— i is a family member of an EEA national; ii is a family member who has retained the right of residence; iii has a derivative right of residence; iv has a permanent right of residence under regulation 15; or v is in possession of a qualifying EEA State residence card; or b an EEA national, where there is reason to believe that he may fall to be excluded under regulation 19(1) (1A) or (1AB) ; or c a person to whom regulation 29AA applies 2 A person to whom this regulation applies is to be treated as if he were a person seeking leave to enter the United Kingdom under the 1971 Act for the purposes of paragraphs 2, 3, 4, 7, 16 to 18A and 21 to 24 of Schedule 2 to the 1971 Act (administrative provisions as to control on entry etc ), except that— a the reference in paragraph 2(1) to the purpose for which the immigration officer may examine any persons who have arrived in the United Kingdom is to be read as a reference to the purpose of determining whether he is a person who is to be granted admission under these Regulations; b the references in paragraphs 4(2A), 7 and 16(1) to a person who is, or may be, given leave to enter are to be read as references to a person who is, or may be, granted admission under these Regulations; and c a medical examination is not be carried out under paragraph 2 or paragraph 7 as a matter of routine and may only be carried out within three months of a person's arrival in the United Kingdom. 3 For so long as a person to whom this regulation applies is detained, or temporarily admitted or released while liable to detention, under the powers conferred by Schedule 2 to the 1971 Act, he is deemed not to have been admitted to the United Kingdom. Person refused admission 23 1 This regulation applies to a person who is in the United Kingdom and has been refused admission to the United Kingdom— a because he does not meet the requirement of regulation 11 (including where he does not meet those requirements because his EEA family permit, residence card , derivative residence card or permanent residence card has been revoked by an immigration officer in accordance with regulation 20); or b in accordance with regulation 19(1), (1A) , (1AB) or (2) . 2 A person to whom this regulation applies, is to be treated as if he were a person refused leave to enter under the 1971 Act for the purpose of paragraphs 8, 10, 10A, 11, 16 to 19 and 21 to 24 of Schedule 2 to the 1971 Act, except that the reference in paragraph 19 to a certificate of entitlement, entry clearance or work permit is to be read as a reference to an EEA family permit, residence card , derivative residence card , a qualifying EEA State residence card, or a permanent residence card . Revocation of admission 23A 1 This regulation applies to a person admitted to the United Kingdom under regulation 11 in circumstances where, pursuant to regulation 19(1) (exclusion justified on grounds of public policy, public security or public health), (1A) (person subject to deportation order or exclusion order) or (1AB) (reasonable grounds to suspect that admission would lead to the abuse of a right to reside), that person was not entitled to be admitted. 2 Paragraph 6(2) of Schedule 2 to the 1971 Act (administrative provisions as to control on entry: refusal of leave to enter) applies to a person to whom this regulation applies, as though the references— a to that person’s examination under paragraph 2 of Schedule 2 to the 1971 Act were to that paragraph as applied by regulation 22(2)(a) and (c) of these Regulations; b to notices of leave to enter the United Kingdom were to a decision to admit that person to the United Kingdom under these Regulations; c to the cancellation of such a notice and the refusal of leave to enter were to revocation of the decision to admit that person to the United Kingdom under this regulation. 3 Where a person’s admission to the United Kingdom is revoked, that person is to be treated as a person to whom admission to the United Kingdom has been refused and regulation 23 applies accordingly. Person subject to removal 24 1 If there are reasonable grounds for suspecting that a person is someone who may be removed from the United Kingdom under regulation 19(3)(b)” and for “an immigration officer” substitute “the Secretary of State , that person may be detained under the authority of an immigration officer pending a decision whether or not to remove the person under that regulation, and paragraphs 17 and 18 of Schedule 2 to the 1971 Act shall apply in relation to the detention of such a person as those paragraphs apply in relation to a person who may be detained under paragraph 16 of that Schedule. 2 Where a decision is taken to remove a person under regulation 19(3)(a), or (c) the person is to be treated as if he were a person to whom section 10(1)(a) of the 1999 Act applied, and section 10 of that Act (removal of certain persons unlawfully in the United Kingdom) is to apply accordingly. 3 Where a decision is taken to remove a person under regulation 19(3)(b), the person is to be treated as if he were a person to whom section 3(5)(a) of the 1971 Act (liability to deportation) applied, and section 5 of that Act (procedure for deportation) and Schedule 3 to that Act (supplementary provision as to deportation) are to apply accordingly. 4 A person who enters the United Kingdom in breach of a deportation or exclusion order , or in circumstances where that person was not entitled to be admitted pursuant to regulation 19(1) or (1AB), shall be removable as an illegal entrant under Schedule 2 to the 1971 Act and the provisions of that Schedule shall apply accordingly. 5 Where such a deportation order is made against a person but he is not removed under the order during the two year period beginning on the date on which the order is made, the Secretary of State shall only take action to remove the person under the order after the end of that period if, having assessed whether there has been any material change in circumstances since the deportation order was made, he considers that the removal continues to be justified on the grounds of public policy, public security or public health. 6 A person to whom this regulation applies shall be allowed one month to leave the United Kingdom, beginning on the date on which he is notified of the decision to remove him, before being removed pursuant to that decision except— a in duly substantiated cases of urgency; b where the person is detained pursuant to the sentence or order of any court; c where a person is a person to whom regulation 24(4) applies. 7 Paragraph (6) of this regulation does not apply where a decision has been taken under regulation 19(3) on the basis that the relevant person— a has ceased to have a derivative right of residence; or b is a person who would have had a derivative right of residence but for the effect of a decision to remove under regulation 19(3)(b). Revocation of deportation and exclusion orders 24A 1 A deportation or exclusion order shall remain in force unless it is revoked by the Secretary of State under this regulation. 2 A person who is subject to a deportation or exclusion order may apply to the Secretary of State to have it revoked if the person considers that there has been a material change in the circumstances that justified the making of the order. 3 An application under paragraph (2) shall set out the material change in circumstances relied upon by the applicant and may only be made whilst the applicant is outside the United Kingdom. 4 On receipt of an application under paragraph (2), the Secretary of State shall revoke the order if the Secretary of State considers that the criteria for making such an order are no longer satisfied . 5 The Secretary of State shall take a decision on an application under paragraph (2) no later than six months after the date on which the application is received. Human rights considerations and interim orders to suspend removal 24AA 1 This regulation applies where the Secretary of State intends to give directions for the removal of a person (“P”) to whom regulation 24(3) applies, in circumstances where— a P has not appealed against the EEA decision to which regulation 24(3) applies, but would be entitled, and remains within time, to do so from within the United Kingdom (ignoring any possibility of an appeal out of time with permission); or b P has so appealed but the appeal has not been finally determined. 2 The Secretary of State may only give directions for P’s removal if the Secretary of State certifies that, despite the appeals process not having been begun or not having been finally determined, removal of P to the country or territory to which P is proposed to be removed, pending the outcome of P’s appeal, would not be unlawful under section 6 of the Human Rights Act 1998 (public authority not to act contrary to Human Rights Convention). 3 The grounds upon which the Secretary of State may certify a removal under paragraph (2) include (in particular) that P would not, before the appeal is finally determined, face a real risk of serious irreversible harm if removed to the country or territory to which P is proposed to be removed. 4 If P applies to the appropriate court or tribunal (whether by means of judicial review or otherwise) for an interim order to suspend enforcement of the removal decision, P may not be removed from the United Kingdom until such time as the decision on the interim order has been taken, except— a where the expulsion decision is based on a previous judicial decision; b where P has had previous access to judicial review; or c where the removal decision is based on imperative grounds of public security. 5 In this regulation, “finally determined” has the same meaning as in Part 6. PART 6 APPEALS UNDER THESE REGULATIONS Interpretation of Part 6 25 1 In this Part— ... “Asylum claim” has the meaning given in section 113(1) of the 2002 Act; “ Commission ” has the same meaning as in the Special Immigration Appeals Commission Act 1997 ; ......... “Human rights claim” has the meaning given in section 113(1) of the 2002 Act. ......... 2 For the purposes of this Part, and subject to paragraphs (3) and (4), an appeal is to be treated as pending during the period when notice of appeal is given and ending when the appeal is finally determined, withdrawn or abandoned. 3 An appeal is not to be treated as finally determined while a further appeal may be brought; and, if such a further appeal is brought, the original appeal is not to be treated as finally determined until the further appeal is determined, withdrawn or abandoned. 4 A pending appeal is not to be treated as abandoned solely because the appellant leaves the United Kingdom. Appeal rights 26 1 Subject to the following paragraphs of this regulation, a person may appeal under these Regulations against an EEA decision. 2 If a person claims to be an EEA national, he may not appeal under these Regulations unless he produces a valid national identity card or passport issued by an EEA State. 2A If a person claims to be in a durable relationship with an EEA national he may not appeal under these Regulations unless he produces— a a passport; and b either— i an EEA family permit; or ii sufficient evidence to satisfy the Secretary of State that he is in a relationship with that EEA national. 3 If a person to whom paragraph (2) does not apply claims to be a family member who has retained the right of residence or the family member or relative of an EEA national he may not appeal under these Regulations unless he produces— a ... ... ... a passport; and b either— i an EEA family permit; ia a qualifying EEA State residence card; ii proof that he is the family member or relative of an EEA national; or iii in the case of a person claiming to be a family member who has retained the right of residence, proof that he was a family member of the relevant person. 3A If a person claims to be a person with a derivative right of entry or residence he may not appeal under these Regulations unless he produces a valid national identity card issued by an EEA State or a passport, and either— a an EEA family permit; or b proof that— i where the person claims to have a derivative right of entry or residence as a result of regulation 15A(2), he is a direct relative or guardian of an EEA national who is under the age of 18; ii where the person claims to have a derivative right of entry or residence as a result of regulation 15A(3), he is the child of an EEA national; iii where the person claims to have a derivative right of entry or residence as a result of regulation 15A(4), he is a direct relative or guardian of the child of an EEA national; iv where the person claims to have a derivative right of entry or residence as a result of regulation 15A(5), he is under the age of 18 and is a dependant of a person satisfying the criteria in (i) or (iii); v where the person claims to have a derivative right of entry or residence as a result of regulation 15A(4A), he is a direct relative or guardian of a British citizen. 4 A person may not bring an appeal under these Regulations on a ground certified under paragraph (5) or rely on such a ground in an appeal brought under these Regulations. 5 The Secretary of State or an immigration officer may certify a ground for the purposes of paragraph (4) if it has been considered in a previous appeal brought under these Regulations or under section 82(1) of the 2002 Act . 6 Except where an appeal lies to the Commission, an appeal under these Regulations lies to the First-tier Tribunal . 7 The provisions of or made under the 2002 Act referred to in Schedule 1 shall have effect for the purposes of an appeal under these Regulations to the First-tier Tribunal in accordance with that Schedule. 8 For the avoidance of doubt, nothing in this Part prevents a person who enjoys a right of appeal under this regulation from appealing to the First-tier Tribunal under section 82(1) of the 2002 Act (right of appeal to the Tribunal), or, where relevant, to the Commission pursuant to section 2 of the Special Immigration Appeals Act 1997 (jurisdiction of the Commission: appeals), provided the criteria for bringing such an appeal under those Acts are met. Out of country appeals 27 1 Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), a person may not appeal under regulation 26 whilst he is in the United Kingdom against an EEA decision— a to refuse to admit him to the United Kingdom; zaa to revoke his admission to the United Kingdom; aa to make an exclusion order against him; b to refuse to revoke a deportation or exclusion order made against him; c to refuse to issue him with an EEA family permit; ca to revoke, or to refuse to issue or renew any document under these Regulations where that decision is taken at a time when the relevant person is outside the United Kingdom; or d to remove him from the United Kingdom after he has entered the United Kingdom in breach of a deportation or exclusion order , or in circumstances where that person was not entitled to be admitted pursuant to regulation 19(1) or (1AB) . 2 Paragraphs (1)(a) to (aa) do not apply where the person is in the United Kingdom and — a the person held a valid EEA family permit, registration certificate, residence card, derivative residence card, document certifying permanent residence , permanent residence card or qualifying EEA State residence card. on his arrival in the United Kingdom or can otherwise prove that he is resident in the United Kingdom or ; b the person is deemed not to have been admitted to the United Kingdom under regulation 22(3) but at the date on which notice of the decision to refuse to admit him is given he has been in the United Kingdom for at least 3 months . or c has made an asylum or human rights claim (or both), unless the Secretary of State has certified that the claim or claims is or are clearly unfounded. 3 Paragraph (1)(d) does not apply where the person has made an asylum or human rights claim (or both), unless the Secretary of State has certified that the claim or claims is or are clearly unfounded. Appeals to the Commission 28 1 An appeal against an EEA decision lies to the Commission where paragraph (2) or (4) applies. 2 This paragraph applies if the Secretary of State certifies that the EEA decision was taken— a by the Secretary of State wholly or partly on a ground listed in paragraph (3); or b in accordance with a direction of the Secretary of State which identifies the person to whom the decision relates and which is given wholly or partly on a ground listed in paragraph (3). 3 The grounds mentioned in paragraph (2) are that the person's exclusion or removal from the United Kingdom is— a in the interests of national security; or b in the interests of the relationship between the United Kingdom and another country. 4 This paragraph applies if the Secretary of State certifies that the EEA decision was taken wholly or partly in reliance on information which in his opinion should not be made public— a in the interests of national security; b in the interests of the relationship between the United Kingdom and another country; or c otherwise in the public interest. 5 In paragraphs (2) and (4) a reference to the Secretary of State is to the Secretary of State acting in person. 6 Where a certificate is issued under paragraph (2) or (4) in respect of a pending appeal to the First-tier Tribunal or Upper Tribunal the appeal shall lapse. 7 An appeal against an EEA decision lies to the Commission where an appeal lapses by virtue of paragraph (6). 8 The Special Immigration Appeals Commission Act 1997 shall apply to an appeal to the Commission under these Regulations as it applies to an appeal under section 2 of that Act to which subsection (2) of that section applies (appeals against an immigration decision) but paragraph (i) of that subsection shall not apply in relation to such an appeal. National security: EEA Decisions 28A 1 Section 97A of the 2002 Act applies to an appeal against an EEA decision where the Secretary of State has certified under regulation 28(2) or (4) that the EEA decision was taken in the interests of national security. 2 Where section 97A so applies, it has effect as if— a the references in that section to a deportation order were to an EEA decision; b subsections (1), (1A), (2)(b) and (4) were omitted; c the reference in subsection (2)(a) to section 79 were a reference to regulations 27(2) and (3) and 29 of these Regulations; and d in subsection (2A), for sub-paragraphs (a) and (b), “against an EEA decision” were substituted. Effect of appeals to the First-tier Tribunal or Upper Tribunal 29 1 This Regulation applies to appeals under these Regulations made to the First-tier Tribunal or Upper Tribunal . 2 If a person in the United Kingdom appeals against an EEA decision to refuse to admit him to the United Kingdom (other than a decision under regulation 19(1), (1A) or (1B)) any directions for his removal from the United Kingdom previously given by virtue of the refusal cease to have effect, except in so far as they have already been carried out, and no directions may be so given while the appeal is pending. 3 If a person in the United Kingdom appeals against an EEA decision to remove him from the United Kingdom (other than a decision under regulation 19(3)(b)) , any directions given under section 10 of the 1999 Act or Schedule 3 to the 1971 Act for his removal from the United Kingdom are to have no effect, except in so far as they have already been carried out, while the appeal is pending. 4 But the provisions of Part I of Schedule 2, or as the case may be, Schedule 3 to the 1971 Act with respect to detention and persons liable to detention apply to a person appealing against a refusal to admit him , or a decision to revoke his admission, or a decision to remove him as if there were in force directions for his removal from the United Kingdom, except that he may not be detained on board a ship or aircraft so as to compel him to leave the United Kingdom while the appeal is pending. 4A In paragraph (4), the words “except that he” to the end do not apply to an EEA decision to which regulation 24AA applies. 5 In calculating the period of two months limited by paragraph 8(2) of Schedule 2 to the 1971 Act for— a the giving of directions under that paragraph for the removal of a person from the United Kingdom; and b the giving of a notice of intention to give such directions, any period during which there is pending an appeal by him under is to be disregarded (except in cases where the EEA decision was taken pursuant to regulation 19(1), (1A), (1B) or (3)(b)) . 6 If a person in the United Kingdom appeals against an EEA decision to remove him from the United Kingdom, a deportation order is not to be made against him under section 5 of the 1971 Act while the appeal is pending. 7 Paragraph 29 of Schedule 2 to the 1971 Act (grant of bail pending appeal) applies to a person who has an appeal pending under these Regulations as it applies to a person who has an appeal pending under section 82(1) of the 2002 Act. Alternative evidence of identity and nationality 29A 1 Subject to paragraph (2), where a provision of these Regulations requires a person to hold or produce a valid identity card issued by an EEA State or a valid passport the Secretary of State may accept alternative evidence of identity and nationality where the person is unable to obtain or produce the required document due to circumstances beyond his or her control. 2 This regulation does not apply to regulation 11. Temporary admission in order to submit case in person 29AA 1 This regulation applies where— a a person (“P”) was removed from the United Kingdom pursuant to regulation 19(3)(b); b P has appealed against the decision referred to in sub-paragraph (a); c a date for P’s appeal has been set by the First Tier Tribunal or Upper Tribunal; and d P wants to make submissions before the First Tier Tribunal or Upper Tribunal in person. 2 P may apply to the Secretary of State for permission to be temporarily admitted (within the meaning of paragraphs 21 to 24 of Schedule 2 to the 1971 Act, as applied by this regulation) to the United Kingdom in order to make submissions in person. 3 The Secretary of State must grant P permission, except when P’s appearance may cause serious troubles to public policy or public security. 4 When determining when P is entitled to be given permission, and the duration of P’s temporary admission should permission be granted, the Secretary of State must have regard to the dates upon which P will be required to make submissions in person. 5 Where— a P is temporarily admitted to the United Kingdom pursuant to this regulation; b a hearing of P’s appeal has taken place; and c the appeal is not finally determined, P may be removed from the United Kingdom pending the remaining stages of the redress procedure (but P may apply to return to the United Kingdom to make submissions in person during the remaining stages of the redress procedure in accordance with this regulation). 6 Where the Secretary of State grants P permission to be temporarily admitted to the United Kingdom under this regulation, upon such admission P is to be treated as if P were a person refused leave to enter under the 1971 Act for the purposes of paragraphs 8, 10, 10A, 11, 16 to 18 and 21 to 24 of Schedule 2 to the 1971 Act. 7 Where Schedule 2 to the 1971 Act so applies, it has effect as if— a the reference in paragraph 8(1) to leave to enter were a reference to admission to the United Kingdom under these Regulations; and b the reference in paragraph 16(1) to detention pending a decision regarding leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom were to detention pending submission of P’s case in person in accordance with this regulation. 8 P will be deemed not to have been admitted to the United Kingdom during any time during which P is temporarily admitted pursuant to this regulation. PART 7 GENERAL Effect on other legislation 30 Schedule 2 (effect on other legislation) shall have effect. Revocations, transitional provisions and consequential amendments 31 1 The Regulations listed in column 1 of the table in Part 1 of Schedule 3 are revoked to the extent set out in column 3 of that table, subject to Part 2 of that Schedule and to Schedule 4. 2 Schedule 4 (transitional provisions) and Schedule 5 (consequential amendments) shall have effect. Tony McNulty Minister of State Home Office