ROAD TRAFFIC PART I Preliminary Citation and commencement 1 These Regulations may be cited as the Road Traffic (Parking Adjudicators) (City of Edinburgh) Regulations 1998 and shall come into force on 5th October 1998. Interpretation 2 1 In these Regulations– “ the Act ” means the Road Traffic Act 1991 ; “adjudicator” means a parking adjudicator appointed under section 73(3) of the Act; “appeal” means an appeal under section 72 of, or paragraph 5 of Schedule 6 to, the Act; “ FAX ” means the making of a facsimile copy of a document by the transmission of electronic signals; “hearing” means an oral hearing; “proper officer” means a member of the administrative staff provided under section 73(3B)(a)(i) of the Act appointed to perform the duties of the proper officer under these Regulations; and “register” means the register of appeals and decisions kept in pursuance of these Regulations. 2 In these Regulations, in relation to an appeal or any process connected with an appeal– “appellant” means the person making the appeal; “disputed decision” means a decision of the parking authority against which an appeal is made under these Regulations; “original representations” means the representations made to the parking authority under section 71 of, or paragraph 2 of Schedule 6 to the Act; and “parking authority” has the meaning ascribed to it in section 82(1) of the Act. 3 Unless the context otherwise requires, any reference in these Regulations to– a a provision of the Act is a reference to that provision as applied and, where appropriate, modified by the Road Traffic (Permitted Parking Area and Special Parking Area) (City of Edinburgh) Designation Order 1998 ; b a numbered regulation is a reference to the regulation bearing that number in these Regulations; and c a numbered paragraph is a reference to the paragraph bearing that number in the regulation in which that reference appears. PART II Procedure relating to Appeals Making an appeal 3 1 An appeal shall be made by a notice of appeal sent to the proper officer. 2 A notice of appeal– a shall state the full name and address of the appellant; b may specify some other address as being the address to which he wishes documents to be sent to him in connection with the appeal; c shall state the date and reference number of the disputed decision; and d may include any representations which he desires to make in addition to the original representations. 3 If the appeal is made later than the time limit mentioned in section 72(1) of, or (as the case may be) paragraph 5(1) of Schedule 6 to, the Act, the notice of appeal must include a statement of the reasons on which the appellant relies for justifying the delay, and the adjudicator shall treat any such statement of reasons as a request for extending that time limit. 4 The notice of appeal shall be signed by the appellant or his authorised representative. Action upon receipt of notice of appeal and copy 4 1 Upon receiving a notice of appeal in accordance with regulation 3, the proper officer shall– a send an acknowledgement of receipt to the appellant; b enter particulars of the appeal in the register; and c send to the parking authority a copy of the notice of appeal and any direction extending the time limit for appealing. 2 Upon receiving a copy of the notice of appeal in accordance with paragraph (1)(c), the parking authority shall within 21 days send to the proper officer a copy of– a the original representations; b the relevant penalty charge notice (if any) issued under section 66(1) of the Act; and c the notice served under section 71(6) of, or (as the case may be) paragraph 2(7) of Schedule 6 to, the Act. Further representations 5 1 Any party to an appeal under these Regulations may send representations to the proper officer at any time before that appeal is determined. 2 The adjudicator may invite a party to send to the proper officer representations dealing with any matter relating to an appeal within such time and in such a manner as may be specified. 3 Where a party fails to respond to an invitation under paragraph (2), the adjudicator may draw such inferences as appear to him proper. 4 Any representations sent under this regulation shall be signed by the party concerned or his authorised representative. 5 Where the appellant sends representations to the proper officer under this regulation, the proper officer shall send a copy of the representations to the parking authority. 6 Where the parking authority sends representations to the proper officer under this regulation, it shall at the same time send a copy of those representations to the appellant. 7 This regulation is without prejudice to the powers of an adjudicator under regulation 9. Power to require attendance of witnesses 6 1 The adjudicator may require the attendance of any person (including a party to the proceedings) as a witness, at a time and place specified by him, at the hearing of an appeal and require him to answer any questions or produce any document in his custody or control which relate to any matter in the proceedings. 2 Where the adjudicator makes a requirement under paragraph (1) he shall make reference to the fact that, under section 73(14) of the Act, any person who without reasonable excuse fails to comply with this requirement shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine, and he shall state the amount of the maximum fine current at that time. 3 A person in respect of whom a requirement has been made under paragraph (1) may apply to the adjudicator to vary or set aside that requirement. 4 A person shall not be bound to comply with the requirement under paragraph (1) unless he has been given at least 7 days' notice of the hearing or, if less than 7 days, he has informed the adjudicator that he accepts such notice as he has been given. 5 A person other than an appellant shall not be bound to comply with the requirement under paragraph (1) unless the necessary expenses of his attendance are paid or tendered to him. 6 No person shall be required to give any evidence or produce any document under paragraph (1) which he could not be required to give or produce in proceedings before a court. Disposing of an appeal without a hearing 7 1 Subject to paragraph (2), the adjudicator may dispose of an appeal without a hearing. 2 The adjudicator shall not dispose of an appeal without a hearing if either party has requested a hearing unless– a the party who made the request withdraws his request before notice of a hearing has been sent to the other party under regulation 8; or b both parties have subsequently consented to the appeal being disposed of without a hearing. 3 Unless both parties consent to the disposal taking place on an earlier date, the adjudicator shall not dispose of an appeal without a hearing until after the expiry of 28 days beginning on the day an acknowledgement is sent in accordance with regulation 4. 4 Notwithstanding anything in paragraphs (2) and (3), if both parties, having been sent a notice of the hearing of an appeal in accordance with regulation 8, fail to attend or be represented at the hearing, the adjudicator may subsequently dispose of the appeal without a hearing. Notice of time and place of hearing 8 1 This regulation shall have effect where a hearing is to be held for the purpose of disposing of an appeal. 2 The proper officer shall fix the time and place of the hearing and, not less than 28 days (or such shorter time as the parties may agree) before the date so fixed, send to each party a notice that the hearing is to be at such time and at such place or notify them in such other manner as he thinks fit. 3 The adjudicator may alter the time and place of any hearing and the proper officer shall, not less than 7 days (or such shorter time as the parties may agree) before the date on which the hearing is then to be held, send to each party notice of the time and place of the hearing as altered or notify them in such other manner as he thinks fit. 4 This regulation applies to an adjourned hearing but, if the time and place of the adjourned hearing are announced before the adjournment, no further notice shall be required. Procedure at a hearing 9 1 At the beginning of the hearing the adjudicator shall explain the procedure which he proposes to adopt. 2 Subject to the provisions of this regulation, the adjudicator shall conduct the hearing of an appeal in such manner as he considers most suitable to the clarification of the issues before him and generally to the just handling of the proceedings; he shall so far as appears to him appropriate seek to avoid formality in the proceedings. 3 A hearing shall be in public except where the adjudicator is satisfied that, by reason of exceptional circumstances, it is just and reasonable for the hearing, or part of the hearing, to be in private. 4 The following persons shall be entitled to attend the hearing of an appeal whether or not it is in private– a any adjudicator appointed under section 73(3) of the Act; or b a member of the Council on Tribunals or its Scottish Committee. 5 The adjudicator, with the consent of the parties, may permit any other person to attend the hearing of an appeal which is held in private. 6 Without prejudice to any other powers he may have, the adjudicator may exclude from the hearing of an appeal, or part of it, any person whose conduct has disrupted or is likely, in the opinion of the adjudicator, to disrupt the hearing. 7 At the hearing of an appeal the appellant may conduct his case himself (with the assistance of any person he wishes) or may appear and be represented by any person whether or not legally qualified. 8 If in any particular case the adjudicator is satisfied that there are good and sufficient reasons for doing so, he may refuse to permit a particular person to assist or represent the appellant at the hearing. 9 At the hearing of an appeal– a the parties shall be entitled to give evidence, to call witnesses, to question any witnesses and to address the adjudicator both on the evidence and generally on the subject matter of the appeal; and b the adjudicator may receive evidence of any fact which appears to him to be relevant notwithstanding that such evidence would be inadmissible in proceedings before a court. 10 Without prejudice to regulation 7(4), where a party who has been sent a notice of the hearing of an appeal or otherwise notified of the hearing in accordance with regulation 8, fails to attend or be represented at the hearing, the adjudicator may dispose of the appeal in his absence. Decisions on appeals 10 1 Where an appeal is disposed of at a hearing, the decision of the adjudicator may be given orally at the end of the hearing or reserved. 2 Where an appeal has been disposed of whether at a hearing or otherwise, the decision when given shall be entered forthwith in the register with (save in the case of a decision by consent) a statement of the reasons for the decision and the proper officer shall send a copy of that entry to each party. Review of adjudicator’s decision 11 1 The adjudicator shall have power on the application of a party, to review and revoke or vary any decision to dismiss or allow an appeal or any decision as to expenses on the grounds in each case that– a the decision was wrongly made as the result of an error on the part of his administrative staff; b a party who had failed to appear or be represented at a hearing had good and sufficient reason for his failure to appear; c where the decision was made after a hearing, new evidence has become available since the conclusion of the hearing the existence of which could not have been reasonably known of or foreseen; d where the decision was made without a hearing, new evidence has become available since the decision was made, the existence of which could not have been reasonably known of or foreseen; or e the interests of justice require such a review. 2 An adjudicator shall have power, on the application of a party, to review and revoke or vary any interlocutory decision. 3 An application under this regulation shall be made to the proper officer within 14 days after the date on which a copy of the entry of the decision was sent to the parties and must state in full the grounds for that application. 4 The parties shall have the opportunity to be heard on any application for review under this regulation and if, having reviewed the decision, the adjudicator directs the decision to be revoked, he shall substitute such decision as he thinks fit or order a redetermination by either the same or a different adjudicator. 5 Regulation 10 shall apply to a decision under paragraph (1) as it applies to a decision made on the disposal of an appeal. Expenses 12 1 The adjudicator shall not normally make an order as to expenses but may, subject to paragraph (2) make such an order– a against a party (including an appellant who has withdrawn his appeal or the parking authority if that authority has consented to an appeal being allowed) if he is of the opinion that that party has acted frivolously or vexatiously or that that party’s conduct in making, pursuing or resisting an appeal was wholly unreasonable; or b against the parking authority where he considers that the disputed decision was wholly unreasonable. 2 An order shall not be made under paragraph (1) against a party unless that party has been given an opportunity of making representations against the making of the order. 3 An order under paragraph (1) shall require the party against whom it is made to pay to the other party a specified sum in respect of the expenses incurred by that other party in connection with the proceedings. Conjoining of appeals 13 1 Where there are pending two or more appeals and at any time it appears to the adjudicator that– a some common question of law or fact arises in both or all the appeals; or b for some other reason it is desirable to make an order under this regulation, the adjudicator may order that some or all of the appeals as may be specified in the order shall be considered together and may give such consequential directions as he may consider necessary. 2 An order shall not be made under this regulation unless all parties concerned have been given an opportunity to make representations about the making of such an order. Miscellaneous powers of the adjudicator 14 1 The adjudicator may, if he thinks fit– a extend the time appointed by or under these regulations for doing any act notwithstanding that the time appointed may have expired; b if the appellant at anytime gives notice of the withdrawal of his appeal, dismiss the proceedings; c if the parking authority consents to an appeal being allowed, allow the appeal; d if both or all of the parties agree in writing on the terms of a decision to be made by an adjudicator, decide accordingly; or e adjourn a hearing. 2 The powers of the adjudicator conferred by– a these Regulations (other than regulation 11); b section 72(1)(b) of the Act; and c paragraph 5(1)(b) or Schedule 6 to the Act, may be exercised on his own motion or on the application of a party. Clerical errors 15 Clerical errors or omissions in any document recording a direction or decision of the adjudicator may be corrected by the proper officer on the direction of the adjudicator. Sending of documents 16 1 This regulation has effect in relation to any notice or other document required or authorised by these Regulations to be sent to a party to an appeal, to the proper officer or to any other person. 2 Subject to paragraph (3), any such document shall be regarded as having been sent to the person concerned if it is– a delivered to him personally; b left at his proper address; c sent to him at that address by post or through a document exchange; or d transmitted to him by FAX or other means of electronic data transmission in accordance with paragraphs (3), (4) and (5). 3 A document may be transmitted by FAX where the person concerned has indicated in writing that he is willing to regard the document as having been duly sent to him if it is transmitted to a specified FAX number and the document is transmitted to that number. 4 In the case of the parking authority, an indication under paragraph (3) can be expressed to apply to any appeal to which it is a respondent. 5 Paragraphs (3) and (4) shall apply with the appropriate modification to a transmission of electronic data other than by FAX as it applies to a transmission by FAX. 6 Regulations 3(4) and 5(4)– a shall, in the case of a document transmitted by FAX be satisfied if a copy of the signature of the relevant person appears on the transmitted copy; and b shall not apply in relation to a document transmitted by other means of electronic data transmission. 7 Where the proper address includes a numbered box number at a document exchange, a document may be sent by leaving the document addressed to that numbered box at that document exchange or at a document exchange which transmits documents every business day to that exchange; and any document which is left at a document exchange in accordance with this paragraph shall, unless the contrary is proved, be deemed to have been delivered on the second business day following the day on which it is left. 8 For the purposes of these Regulations and of section 7 of the Interpretation Act 1978 in its application to this regulation– a the proper address of the appellant is the address specified in his notice of appeal pursuant to paragraph (2)(b) of regulation 3 or (if no such address is so specified) the address stated pursuant to paragraph (2)(a) of that regulation; and b the proper address of the parking authority in proceedings in which it is the respondent is such address as the parking authority from time to time specifies in a notice sent to the proper officer as being the proper address in all such proceedings. 9 If no address has been specified or stated, the proper address for the purposes of these Regulations and section 7 of the Interpretation Act 1978 shall be– a in the case of an individual, his usual or last known address; or b in the case of a partnership, the principal or last known place of business within the United Kingdom; or c in the case of an incorporated or unincorporated body, the registered or principal office of that body. 10 An appellant may at any time by notice in writing to the proper officer change his proper address for the purposes of these Regulations and section 7 of the Interpretation Act 1978. 11 A party may by notice in writing sent to the proper officer vary or revoke any indication given by him under paragraph (3). PART III The Register The Register 17 1 The register shall be kept at the principal office of the adjudicator and shall be open to the inspection of any person without charge at all reasonable hours. 2 The register need not be kept in visible or legible form. 3 If the register is kept otherwise than in a legible form, the duty to allow inspection is to be treated as a duty to allow inspection of a reproduction in legible form of the entry the inspection of which is being sought. 4 A document purporting to be certified by the proper officer to be a true copy of any entry of a decision in the register shall be sufficient evidence of that entry and of the matters contained therein. Calum MacDonald Parliamentary Under Secretary of State, Scottish Office St Andrew’s House, Edinburgh 8th September 1998