EDUCATION, ENGLAND AND WALES Citation and commencement 1 These Regulations may be cited as the Teachers' Superannuation (Additional Voluntary Contributions) Regulations 1994 and shall come into force on 12th December 1994. Interpretation 2 1 In these Regulations, unless the context otherwise requires, any reference to a numbered regulation is to be construed as a reference to the regulation which bears that number in these Regulations, and any reference to a numbered paragraph in a regulation of or the Schedule to these Regulations is to be construed as a reference to the paragraph bearing that number in that regulation or, as the case may be, in the Schedule. 2 In these Regulations references to the Taxes Act are references to the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 , references to the 1988 Regulations are references to the Teachers' Superannuation (Consolidation) Regulations 1988 and references to the 1989 Regulations are references to the Teachers' Superannuation (Additional Voluntary Contributions) Regulations 1989 . 3 In these Regulations, unless the context otherwise requires,— “approved scheme” means a retirement benefits scheme approved under Chapter 1 of Part XIV of the Taxes Act; “authorised provider” has the meaning assigned to it by section 9(6) of the Superannuation Act 1972; “contributor” is to be construed in accordance with regulation 7; “dependant” in relation to a participator or a contributor means— any surviving spouse; any person who is a child of the participator or contributor, “child” being construed in accordance with regulation E21 of the 1988 Regulations; and any person in respect of whom at the time of death of the participator or contributor a nomination under regulation E22 of the 1988 Regulations has effect; “free-standing additional voluntary contributions scheme” means an approved scheme which falls within section 591(2)(h) of the Taxes Act; “the Index” means the index of retail prices published by the Central Statistical Office of the Chancellor of the Exchequer; “insurance company” means a body authorised under section 3 or 4 of the Insurance Companies Act 1982 to carry on long term business; “lump sum death benefit” means a lump sum which will become payable in the event of a person dying while paying regular contributions to provide for it; “participator” means— a contributor who has made a benefits election under regulation 12(5), a person who has ceased to be a contributor not being a person in respect of whom the Secretary of State has paid a transfer value under regulation 11, or a person in respect of whom a transfer value has been accepted under regulation 10; “pension element” is to be construed in accordance with regulation 5(2); “pensionable employment” is to be construed in accordance with Part B of the 1988 Regulations; “personal pension scheme” means a scheme approved under Chapter IV of Part XIV of the Taxes Act; “reckonable service” is to be construed in accordance with Part D of the 1988 Regulations; “regular contributions” means contributions, paid pursuant to an election under regulation 4(1)(a) or (c); “retire” means become entitled under regulation E4 of the 1988 Regulations to payment of retirement benefits, and cognate expressions are to be construed accordingly; “retirement pension” has the meaning given by regulation 12(2); “retirement benefits scheme” has the meaning given in section 611 of the Taxes Act; “salary” means— in relation to pensionable employment the salary calculated in accordance with regulation C1 of the 1988 Regulations, and in relation to contributions payable under regulation C8 or C8A of the 1988 Regulations, the salary determined in accordance with the provisions of those regulations for the purposes of calculating the said contributions; “tax year” means the 12 months beginning with 6th April in any year. 4 For the purposes of these Regulations the annual equivalent of any lump sum is that lump sum divided by 12. Making and acceptance of elections 3 1 Any election under these Regulations— a is to be made by giving written notice to the Secretary of State, and b shall, subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), be accepted by him. 2 No election under these Regulations shall be accepted if— a the amount paid in contributions in any tax year pursuant to that election would be such as to cause the total of contributions paid in that tax year pursuant to these Regulations to exceed the limit imposed by regulation 8(3); or b the benefits to be paid as a result of the contributions paid pursuant to the election would be likely to exceed the amount allowed by regulation 14 and the Schedule; or c in the case of an election under regulation 4(1)(c), the amount specified in the election as the amount to be secured is less than the amount specified in regulation 4(2)(d). 3 An election falling within regulation 17(2) shall not be accepted if any information required by that regulation is not given. Election to pay regular and lump sum contributions 4 1 A person in pensionable employment may at any time elect to pay— a regular contributions for investment under regulation 9(1); b a lump sum contribution for investment under regulation 9(1); or c regular contributions to provide for a lump sum death benefit under these Regulations. 2 The notice of such an election is to specify— a in the case of an election under paragraph (1)(a) or (c), the amount of each regular contribution or, if expressed as a percentage of salary, that percentage; b in the case of an election under paragraph (1)(b) the amount of the contribution; c in the case of an election under paragraph (1)(a) or (b) the fund or funds in which contributions are to be invested; and d in the case of an election under paragraph 1(c) the amount to be secured which must not be less than £5,000. Provision for lump sum death benefit 5 1 This regulation shall apply where a person elects under regulation 4(1)(c) to pay regular contributions to provide for a lump sum death benefit. 2 A person who elects to pay regular contributions to provide for a lump sum death benefit may at the same time, or at any time while paying those contributions, elect that if the lump sum becomes payable, the whole or part of it (the pension element) shall be applied by the Secretary of State for the purchase of a pension policy from an authorised provider to provide a pension or pensions for one or more dependants. 3 The notice of an election under paragraph (2) shall specify— a for whom a pension is, or pensions are, to be provided, b if more than one pension is to be provided, the proportion of the pension element that is to be applied to the purchase of each of them, and c in respect of every pension to be provided, whether the annual rate of the pension— i is to be fixed, or ii is to vary in accordance with the Index, or iii is to increase yearly by a specified percentage or, if lower than that percentage, by any increase in the Index for the year in question. 4 Subject to regulation 8(3), a person who has continued to pay regular contributions up to his 60th birthday but does not then retire may elect to pay further regular contributions to his 61st birthday to provide for a lump sum death benefit; and so long as he has not retired further elections may be made annually in respect of years commencing on his 61st and subsequent birthdays. 5 An election made by a person under paragraph (4) shall lapse if the person retires or ceases to be in pensionable employment during the year in question. 6 An election under regulation 4(1)(c) or an election under paragraph (4) shall have effect for the purpose of the entitlement to benefit from the date when the election is accepted by the Secretary of State. Variation and cancellation of elections 6 1 A contributor who has elected under regulation 4(1)(a) to pay regular contributions may at any time by giving written notice to the Secretary of State— a subject to regulation 8(3), alter the amount of the regular contributions, b require any contributions payable pursuant to the election to be invested in future under regulation 9 in a different way, c require the Secretary of State to realise any investment and to reinvest the proceeds under regulation 9 in a different way, or d cancel his election under regulation 4(1)(a). 2 A contributor who has elected under regulation 4(1)(b) to pay a lump sum contribution may at any time by giving written notice to the Secretary of State require the Secretary of State to realise any investment and to reinvest the proceeds under regulation 9 in a different way. 3 A contributor who has elected to pay regular contributions under regulation 4(1)(c) may at any time by giving written notice to the Secretary of State— a subject to regulation 8(3), elect that a specified larger lump sum is to be secured and the regular contributions increased accordingly, or b if the contributor has made an election under regulation 5(2), cancel it or alter in any specified way the manner in which the pension element is to be applied, or c cancel his election under regulation 4(1)(c). 4 A person paying further regular contributions pursuant to an election under regulation 5(4) may at any time make an election under regulation 5(2) or do anything authorised by paragraph (3). 5 The Secretary of State shall give effect as soon as is reasonably practicable to the terms of any notice given under this regulation. Contributor 7 1 Subject to paragraph (2), a person is a contributor while an election under regulation 4(1)(a) or (c) has effect or if he has paid a lump sum pursuant to an election under regulation 4(1)(b). 2 A person who— a has become entitled to retirement benefits under Part E of the 1988 Regulations, b has, under regulation 6(1)(d) or 6(3)(c), cancelled the election to pay regular contributions, or c subject to paragraph (3), has ceased to be in pensionable employment and is not paying contributions under regulation C8 or C8A of the 1988 Regulations (additional contributions for current period), ceases to be a contributor. 3 For the purposes of this regulation a person who— a has ceased to be in pensionable employment, and b has re-entered pensionable employment within 3 months, is to be treated as having continued to be in pensionable employment. Payment of contributions and amount of regular contributions 8 1 Regular contributions shall be paid to the Secretary of State at intervals of one month. 2 Payment of regular contributions under paragraph (1) shall be effected by deduction by the contributor’s employer of the appropriate amounts from the contributor’s salary and such deductions shall commence to be made from the salary in respect of the first whole pay period falling after the date on which the employer receives authorisation to make these deductions and be remitted to the Secretary of State within 7 days after their deduction. 3 The total of contributions paid in any tax year must not exceed the lesser of (A-B-C) and D, where— A is 15 per cent of the person’s salary for that year, B is the total of any contributions paid by him in the year to another approved scheme, C is the total of the contributions paid by him in the year under the 1988 Regulations, except contributions paid pursuant to a demand under regulation C16(2) of the 1988 Regulations, and D is the amount which would be likely to provide benefits of the largest amounts allowed by regulation 14 and the Schedule. Investment of contributions 9 1 Any contributions paid by a contributor for investment under this regulation shall be invested by the Secretary of State, in accordance with any notice under regulation 4(2) or 6(1) or (2) in one or more of the funds authorised by him for the purposes of these Regulations managed by an insurance company selected by him. 2 Regular contributions to provide for a lump sum death benefit shall be invested by the Secretary of State with an insurance company selected by him so as to secure the payment of a lump sum death benefit of the amount required by any notice under regulation 4(2) or 6(3): Inward transfers 10 1 Where a person who enters pensionable employment has during previous employment paid contributions to— a a free-standing additional voluntary contribution scheme, or b an approved scheme which provides additional benefits through additional voluntary contributions paid by that person but does not fall within section 591(2)(h) of the Taxes Act, that person, whether or not he becomes a contributor within the meaning of these Regulations, may give written notice to the Secretary of State that he wishes the Secretary of State to accept from the trustees or managers of such a scheme a transfer value representing the value of the investments from his contributions. 2 Where a transfer value is accepted by the Secretary of State it shall be invested by him, in accordance with the wishes of the person entering pensionable employment, in one or more of the funds authorised by the Secretary of State for the purposes of these Regulations managed by an insurance company selected by him. Outward transfers 11 1 Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary of State shall, on application by a person who has ceased to be a contributor by virtue of regulation 7(2)(c), pay a transfer value representing the value of investments made under regulation 9(1) or 10(2) to one of the following schemes in which the person may be participating:— a an approved scheme which provides additional benefits but does not fall within section 591(2)(h) of the Taxes Act; or b a personal pension scheme; or c any other approved scheme, provided the trustees or managers certify that the transfer value shall not be used to purchase benefits in the form of a tax-free lump sum. 2 A transfer value shall not be payable under paragraph (1) unless one is payable in respect of that person under regulation F1 of the 1988 Regulations. Retirement and dependants' pensions 12 1 The benefits that may be provided on retirement in accordance with this regulation under a pension policy purchased as described in paragraph (7) are a retirement pension and one or more dependants' pensions. 2 A retirement pension is a pension commencing not earlier than the date of retirement and is payable to the participator for life. 3 A dependants' pension is a pension which would become payable to a dependant on the death of the participator after his retirement and is payable for life, except that, in the case of a dependant who is a child as defined in the 1988 Regulations, it shall cease to be payable when that person ceases to be a child within the meaning of those Regulations. 4 A pension policy purchased as described in paragraph (7) shall not provide for any retirement pension or dependants' pension capable in whole or in part of surrender, commutation or assignment (except as provided by paragraphs (9) and (10)). 5 Not earlier than one month before retirement, a participator, by giving written notice to the Secretary of State, shall make a benefits election which shall specify— a whether a retirement pension is to be provided; b for whom, if anyone, dependants' pensions are to be provided; c if more than one pension is to be provided, either— i the proportion of the amount secured by the investments made under regulation 9(1) or 10(2) that is to be applied to the purchase of each of them; or ii the dependants' pensions to be provided expressed as a percentage of the retirement pension; d in respect of every pension to be provided, whether the annual rate of the pension— i is to be fixed, or ii is to vary in accordance with the Index, or iii is to increase yearly by a specified percentage or, if lower than that percentage, by any increase in the Index for the year in question; and e the authorised provider who is to provide each pension. 6 In the case of a retirement pension, the notice may also specify that if the participator dies within the period of 5 years beginning when the retirement pension commences the balance that would have been payable during the remainder of that period if the pension had continued at the rate in force at the time of the participator’s death is to be paid as a lump sum. 7 Subject to paragraphs (9) and (10), upon receipt of the notice of election the Secretary of State shall, as soon as is reasonably practicable, realise the investments made under regulation 9(1) or 10(2) and apply the amount obtained to the purchase of a pension policy from an authorised provider chosen by the participator to provide the benefits specified in the notice of election. 8 Subject to paragraphs (9) and (10), if no benefits election under paragraph (5) has been made six months after retirement the Secretary of State may realise the investments made under regulation 9(1) or 10(2) and apply the amount obtained to the purchase of a pension policy from the insurance company referred to in regulation 9 to provide such benefits as appear to him to be suitable. 9 If the participator dies before retirement, or after retirement but before a policy such as is mentioned in paragraph (7) is entered into, the investments made under regulation 9(1) or 10(2) shall be realised and become payable as a lump sum. 10 In the case of a retirement pension, where there are exceptional circumstances of serious ill-health affecting the participator, the Secretary of State may realise the investments without purchasing any pension and in that event the amount becomes payable as a lump sum. 11 If the annual rate of the retirement pension purchased in accordance with paragraph (7) or (8), when aggregated with the annual rate of any pensions payable and the annual equivalent of any lump sums payable to the participator under the 1988 Regulations arising from the participator’s service, does not exceed any amount prescribed by regulations for the time being in force under section 21(1) of the Pension Schemes Act 1993 , the authorised provider may discharge the liability for payment of the benefits under the pension policy by payment of a lump sum representing their capital value. Lump sum death benefit 13 1 Where a contributor who is paying regular contributions to provide a lump sum death benefit dies when no election under regulation 5(2) has effect, the lump sum secured by those contributions shall become payable. 2 Where on the death of a contributor an election under regulation 5(2) has effect— a the Secretary of State shall apply the pension element by purchasing a pension policy from the authorised provider determined in accordance with paragraph (3) or (4) to provide the pension or pensions specified in the notice of election; and b any balance of lump sum secured shall become payable. 3 Any dependant for whom a pension is to be provided pursuant to paragraph (2) who has attained the age of 18 years at the date of death of the contributor may within six months of the date of death of the contributor make an election specifying the authorised provider by whom the pension is to be provided and where such an election is made the pension policy shall be purchased from that authorised provider. 4 Where no election has been made pursuant to paragraph (3) the pension policy shall be purchased from the insurance company referred to in regulation 9. 5 If at the time of the death of the contributor any person specified in a notice of election given under regulation 5(3) had died or ceased to be a dependant, the proportion of the lump sum death benefit that was to have been applied to the purchase of a pension for that person shall not be applied for that purpose, but shall be added to the balance becoming payable under paragraph (2)(b). Benefit limits 14 1 The Schedule has effect for limiting the benefits that may be paid under these Regulations. 2 The maximum annual rate of a retirement pension or dependant’s pension ascertained from the Schedule may be increased— a by 3 per cent for each complete year that has elapsed, or b if a greater increase results, in proportion to the increase in the Index that has occurred, since the date on which the pension became payable. Repayment of investments in certain cases 15 1 In the case of a person who— a ceases to be in pensionable employment; and b is entitled to receive a return of contributions under regulation C13 of the 1988 Regulations; and c has applied for and received such a return of contributions, the Secretary of State shall make arrangements for that person to receive a lump sum representing the total realisable value of the investments made by the Secretary of State in respect of that person under regulation 9(1) or 10(2). 2 There shall be deducted from any lump sum payable under paragraph (1) the amount of tax chargeable under section 598 of the Taxes Act. Payment by Secretary of State 16 1 Where pursuant to an election under regulation 12(5) or 13(3) the Secretary of State purchases a pension policy from an authorised provider specified by the elector other than the insurance company referred to in regulation 9, the Secretary of State shall not, except in the circumstances described in paragraph (2)(b), be liable for payment of any pension under that policy. 2 Where— a pursuant to an election under regulation 5(2) or 12(5) or pursuant to regulation 12(8) or 13(4) the Secretary of State purchases a pension policy from the insurance company referred to in regulation 9; or b pursuant to— i an election under regulation 5(3) or 11(5) of the 1989 Regulations; or ii an election under regulation 5(2) or 12(5) made by a person who was employed in pensionable employment but ceased to be so employed before 12th December 1994, the Secretary of State purchases a policy from a company listed in Schedule 1 to the 1989 regulations, the Secretary of State shall be liable to make to the person entitled to it any payment of pension under the policy which has not been made by the company from which the policy was purchased. 3 Lump sums payable— a as mentioned in regulation 12(6); or 12(9); or b under regulation 13(1) or 13(2)(b), shall (subject to the following provisions of this regulation) be paid by the Secretary of State to the person or persons to whom any death grant is payable under regulation E19(7) of the 1988 Regulations. 4 If when a participator dies a lump sum would have been payable under regulation 13 but the whole or part of that sum cannot be paid under regulation 13 by reason of regulation 14 and paragraph 14 of the Schedule the Secretary of State shall pay to the participator’s personal representatives the amount which cannot be paid under regulation 13, so far as it does not exceed the prescribed amount, but subject to any deduction of tax under paragraph (7). 5 If by reason of regulation 14 and the Schedule a pension provided under regulation 12 is not payable in full, the Secretary of State shall pay to the participator an amount, or aggregate of amounts, not exceeding the prescribed amount, out of the investments realised by virtue of regulation 12(7) which would otherwise have been applicable to the purchase of the pension but subject to any deduction of tax under paragraph (7). 6 In paragraphs (4) and (5) the reference to the prescribed amount is to an amount calculated in accordance with the method for the time being specified in regulations made for the purposes of section 591 of the Taxes Act as the method to be used for calculating the amount of any surplus funds. 7 The amount of any tax chargeable under the Taxes Act on payments made under these Regulations shall be deducted by the Secretary of State before payment. Information 17 1 Persons making elections under these Regulations, and their employers, shall give the Secretary of State such information as he may reasonably require for the purposes of his functions under these Regulations. 2 A person making— a an election under regulation 4(1)(c) or 5(4) to provide a lump sum death benefit, or b an election under regulation 6(3)(a), or c an election under regulation 6(4) corresponding to one that could have been made under regulation 6(3)(a), shall, in particular, give the Secretary of State such information about the person’s health as the Secretary of State may reasonably require. Payments in respect of deceased persons 18 1 This regulation applies where a person dies and the total of— a any sums that were due to the person under these Regulations, and b any sums payable under these Regulations to the person’s personal representatives does not exceed the amount specified in any order for the time being in force under section 6 of the Administration of Estates (Small Payments) Act 1965 and applying in relation to the death. 2 Where this regulation applies the Secretary of State may, without requiring the production of proof of title, pay the amount due under paragraph (1)(a) and (b)— a to the deceased’s personal representatives, or b to the person, or to or among any one or more of any persons, appearing to him to be beneficially entitled to the estate and any person to whom such a payment is made, and not the Secretary of State, shall thereafter be liable to account for any amount so paid. Determination of questions 19 All questions arising under these Regulations are to be determined by the Secretary of State and a determination by him is final. Revocation and transitional provisions 20 1 The 1989 Regulations are hereby revoked. 2 Anything done under or for the purposes of a provision of the 1989 Regulations has effect, if it could have been done under or for the purposes of the corresponding provision of these regulations, as if done under or for the purpose of that provision. 3 Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph (2)— a any election made pursuant to the provision of the 1989 Regulations specified in the left hand column of the table below shall have effect as if made pursuant to the corresponding provision of these Regulations specified in the right hand column: TABLE Provision of 1989 Regulations Provision of these Regulations Regulation 4(1) Regulation 4(1)(a) Regulation 5(1) Regulation 4(1)(c) Regulation 5(3) Regulation 5(2) Regulation 11(5) Regulation 12(5) b any notification given under regulation 5(4) of the 1989 Regulations shall be treated as included in a notice of election under regulation 5(2); c contributions paid pursuant to an election under regulation 4 of the 1989 Regulations shall be treated, for the purpose of these Regulations as paid for investment under regulation 9(1); d a contributor who has paid a lump sum contribution pursuant to regulation 4 of the 1989 Regulation shall be treated, for the purposes of these Regulations as having made an election under regulation 4(1)(b) to pay that lump sum contribution; e contributions paid pursuant to an election under regulation 5(1) of the 1989 Regulations shall be treated, for the purposes of these Regulations as paid to provide for a lump sum death benefit; f investments of contributions made pursuant to regulation 9 or 10 of the 1989 Regulations shall be treated as having been made pursuant to regulation 9 and 10. 4 Without prejudice to the provisions of section 16 of the Interpretation Act 1978 the revocation of the 1989 Regulations shall not affect any obligation of the Secretary of State to pay any pension pursuant to the 1989 Regulations to or in respect of a person who retired or died before 12th December 1994. 5 In relation to any pension payable to a dependant pursuant to any provision of these Regulations in respect of a participator who was employed in pensionable employment but ceased to be so employed or died before 12th December 1994 the expression “child” in these Regulations shall be construed as if regulation E21 of the 1988 Regulations had not been amended by regulation 16 of the Teachers Superannuation (Amendment) Regulations 1994 .