CIVIL AVIATION Citation and commencement 1 This Order may be cited as the Air Navigation (Noise Certification) Order 1987 and shall come into force on 1st January 1988. Revocation 2 The Air Navigation (Noise Certification) Order 1986 is hereby revoked. Interpretation 3 1 In this Order— “An International Standard Atmosphere at sea level” has the meaning specified in Schedule 2 to this Order; “Authorised person” means any constable and any person authorised by the CAA (whether by name or by class or description) either generally or in relation to a particular case or class of cases; “ BCAR ” means the British Civil Airworthiness Requirements Section N — Noise Issue 4 dated 1st January 1988; “By-pass ratio” means the ratio of the air mass flow through the by-pass ducts of a gas turbine engine to the air mass flow through the combustion chambers calculated at maximum thrust when the engine is stationary in an International Standard Atmosphere at sea level; “ dB(A) ” means the unit for expressing A-weighted overall sound pressure level as specified in BCAR; “ EPNdB ” means the unit for expressing effective perceived noise level as specified in BCAR; “ LAX ” means the A-weighted noise energy of a single aircraft noise event as specified in BCAR; “The CAA” means the Civil Aviation Authority; “The Convention” means the Convention on International Civil Aviation signed on behalf of the United Kingdom at Chicago on 7th December 1944; “Derived version” means a modification of a prototype aircraft which, from the point of view of airworthiness, is similar to the prototype but incorporates changes in type design which may affect its noise characteristics adversely; “Noise certificate” means a certificate issued or validated or other document approved by the competent authority of a State to the effect that the aircraft to which the certificate or other document relates complies with the applicable noise certification requirements in force in that State; “prescribed” means prescribed by Regulations made by the Secretary of State under this Order. 2 Expressions used in this Order shall unless the context otherwise requires, have the same respective meanings as in the Air Navigation Order 1985 . 3 A power to make Regulations under this Order shall include the power to make different provisions with respect to different classes of aircraft and with respect to different circumstances and to make such incidental and supplementary provisions as are necessary or expedient for carrying out the purposes of this Order. Application of Order 4 This Order shall apply to— a every propeller driven aeroplane having a maximum total weight authorised of 9,000 kg or less; b every aeroplane which is capable of sustaining level flight at a speed in excess of Flight Mach 1.0, being an aeroplane in respect of which applicable standards are specified in article 6(9) of this Order; c every aeroplane having an empty weight not exceeding 150 kg, a lifting surface area of not less than 10 square metres and a lifting surface loading not exceeding 10 kg per square metre at empty weight and which is designed to carry not more than two persons; d every other subsonic aeroplane which in accordance with its certificate of airworthiness has a take-off distance required, at maximum total weight authorised on a hard level runway in still air in an International Standard Atmosphere at sea level, of more than 610 metres; e every helicopter, being a helicopter in respect of which applicable standards are specified in article 6(10) of this Order. Requirement of noise certificate 5 1 Subject to paragraph (2) of this article an aircraft to which this Order applies shall not land or take-off in the United Kingdom unless— a i in respect of an aircraft specified in paragraphs (a), (b), (d) and (e) of article 4 of this Order there is in force in respect of that aircraft a noise certificate— aa issued by the CAA under article 6 of this Order; or bb issued or validated by the competent authority of the country in which the aircraft is registered, being a country prescribed as one which applies standards which in the opinion of the Secretary of State are substantially equivalent to those required for the issue of a noise certificate by the CAA; or cc issued or validated in pursuance of the Convention by the competent authority of the State in which the aircraft is registered, and ii in respect of an aeroplane specified in paragraph (c) of article 4 of this Order there is in force in respect of that aeroplane a noise certificate— aa issued by the CAA under article 6 of this Order; or bb issued or validated by the competent authority of the country in which the aeroplane is registered, being a country which applies standards which in the opinion of the CAA are substantially equivalent to those required for the issue of a noise certificate by the CAA, and b any conditions subject to which the certificate was issued are complied with. 2 The foregoing prohibition shall not apply to— a an aircraft flying in accordance with the “A Conditions” or the “B Conditions” set forth in Schedule 2 to the Air Navigation Order 1985; b an aircraft landing or taking-off at a prescribed place. Issue of noise certificate by the Civil Aviation Authority and validity of noise certificate 6 1 The CAA shall issue a noise certificate in respect of any aircraft to which this Order applies if it is satisfied that the aircraft complies with the applicable standards specified in this article in relation to the noise made by the aircraft, and for that purpose the applicant for a certificate shall furnish such evidence and submit the aircraft to such flying trials and other tests as the CAA may require. 2 The standards applicable to an aeroplane having turbojet or turbofan engines (not being an aeroplane of a description referred to in paragraphs (3) or (4) of this article) shall be those specified in Part I of Schedule 1 to this Order. 3 Subject to paragraph (11) of this article, the standards applicable to an aeroplane having turbojet or turbofan engines which, in the opinion of the CAA— a conforms to a prototype aeroplane in respect of which the competent authority received an application for a certificate of airworthiness on or after 6th October 1977 and did not reject that application; or b conforms to a derived version of such a prototype aeroplane, being a derived version in respect of which the competent authority received an application to modify the certificate of airworthiness for the prototype on or after 6th October 1977 and did not reject that application, shall be those specified in Part II of the said Schedule 1. 4 Subject to paragraph (11) of this article, the standards applicable to an aeroplane having turbojet or turbofan engines which, in the opinion of the CAA, conforms to a derived version of a prototype aeroplane (being a prototype in respect of which the competent authority received an application for a certificate of airworthiness before 6th October 1977 and did not reject that application and being a derived version in respect of which the competent authority received an application to modify the certificate of airworthiness for the prototype on or after the relevant date and did not reject that application) shall be those specified in Part III of the said Schedule 1; and the relevant date for an aeroplane having turbofan engines with a by-pass ratio of 2 or more is 6th October 1977 and for an aeroplane having turbojet or turbofan engines with a by-pass ratio of less than 2 is 26th November 1981. 5 The standards applicable to a propeller driven aeroplane having a maximum total weight authorised of more than 9,000 kg (not being an aeroplane of a description referred to in paragraphs (6) and (7) of this article) shall be those specified in Part IV of the said Schedule 1. 6 The standards applicable to a propeller driven aeroplane having a maximum total weight authorised of more than 9,000 kg, which in the opinion of the CAA— a conforms to a prototype aeroplane being a prototype in respect of which the competent authority received an application for a certificate of airworthiness before 6th October 1977 and did not reject that application and in respect of which the certificate of airworthiness for the individual aeroplane was first issued on or after 26th November 1981; or b conforms to a derived version of a prototype aeroplane being a prototype in respect of which the competent authority received an application for a certificate of airworthiness before 6th October 1977 and did not reject that application and in respect of which the certificate of airworthiness for the individual aeroplane was first issued on or after 26th November 1981, shall be those specified in Part I of the said Schedule 1. 7 Subject to paragraph (11) of this article, the standards applicable to a propeller driven aeroplane having a maximum total weight authorised of more than 9,000 kg which in the opinion of the CAA— a conforms to a prototype aeroplane being a prototype in respect of which the competent authority received an application for a certificate of airworthiness on or after 1st January 1985 and did not reject that application; or b conforms to a derived version of such a prototype aeroplane, being a derived version in respect of which the competent authority received an application to modify the certificate of airworthiness for the prototype on or after 1st January 1985 and did not reject that application, shall be those specified in Part II of the said Schedule 1. 8 a Subject to paragraph (11) of this article, except in respect of an aeroplane specified in paragraph (c) of article 4 of this Order, the standards applicable to a propeller driven aeroplane having a maximum total weight authorised of 9,000 kg or less which in the opinion of the CAA— i conforms to a prototype aeroplane being a prototype in respect of which the competent authority received an application for a certificate of airworthiness before 1st January 1988 and did not reject the application; or ii conforms to a derived version of a prototype aeroplane being a derived version in respect of which the competent authority received an application to modify the certificate of airworthiness for the prototype before 1st January 1988 and did not reject that application, shall be those specified in Part V of the said Schedule 1. b Subject to paragraph (11) of this article, except in respect of an aeroplane specified in paragraph (c) of article 4 of this Order, the standards applicable to a propeller driven aeroplane having a maximum total weight authorised of 9,000 kg or less which in the opinion of the CAA— i conforms to a prototype aeroplane being a prototype in respect of which the competent authority received an application for a certificate of airworthiness on or after 1st January 1988 and did not reject that application; or ii conforms to a derived version of a prototype aeroplane being a derived version in respect of which the competent authority received an application to modify the certificate of airworthiness for the prototype on or after 1st January 1988 and did not reject that application, shall be those specified in Part VI of the said Schedule 1. Provided that if the competent authority receives an application for a certificate of airworthiness for such an aeroplane before 1st January 1993 and does not reject that application and the aeroplane is unable to meet the standards specified in Part VI of the said Schedule 1, the standards specified in Part V of the said Schedule 1 shall apply. 9 The standards applicable to an aeroplane capable of sustaining level flight at a speed in excess of Flight Mach 1.0 which in the opinion of the CAA— a conforms to a prototype aeroplane being a prototype in respect of which the competent authority received an application for a certificate of airworthiness before 1st January 1975 and did not reject that application and in respect of which a certificate of airworthiness was first issued on or after 26th November 1981; or b conforms to a derived version of a prototype aeroplane being a prototype in respect of which the competent authority received an application for a certificate of airworthiness before 1st January 1975 and did not reject that application and in respect of which the certificate of airworthiness for the individual aeroplane was first issued on or after 26th November 1981, shall be that the noise made by the aeroplane shall be no louder than that made by the prototype when the noise level of the prototype is measured in accordance with paragraph 2 of Part I of the said Schedule 1 in the noise certification reference conditions set out in paragraphs 1 and 3(3) thereof. 10 Subject to paragraph (11) of this article, the standards applicable to a helicopter which in the opinion of the CAA— a conforms to a prototype helicopter, being a prototype in respect of which the competent authority received an application for a certificate of airworthiness on or after 1st August 1986 and did not reject that application, or b conforms to a derived version of a helicopter, being a derived version in respect of which the competent authority received an application to modify the certificate of airworthiness for the prototype on or after 1st August 1986 and did not reject that application; or c conforms to a derived version of a helicopter being a helicopter of an airworthiness standard equivalent to that which would have been required for the issue of a certificate of airworthiness for a prototype helicopter by the competent authority if the application had been made before 1st August 1986 and being a derived version in respect of which the competent authority received an application to modify such a helicopter on or after 1st August 1986 and did not reject that application, shall be those specified in Part IX of the said Schedule 1. 11 For the purposes of determining the standard applicable to an aircraft where the interval between— a the application for a certificate of airworthiness for a prototype aircraft and the first issue of a certificate for an aircraft of that type, or b the application to modify a certificate of airworthiness for a prototype and the first issue of a certificate for an aircraft of that type as modified, exceeds 5 years, the date on which the application was made shall, unless the CAA in a particular case otherwise directs, be deemed to be 5 years before the date of the first issue of the certificate. 12 The standards applicable to an aeroplane specified in paragraph (c) of article 4 of this Order shall be those— a specified in Part VII of Schedule 1 to this Order for any such aeroplane which is registered in the United Kingdom before 1st April 1986; or b specified in Part VIII of Schedule 1 to this Order for any other such aeroplane. 13 The CAA shall, except in respect of an aeroplane specified in paragraph (c) of article 4 of this Order, issue every noise certificate subject to a condition as to the maximum total weights at which the aircraft may land or take-off and may issue such a certificate subject to such other conditions relating to standards as to noise as it thinks fit. 14 Subject to paragraph (15) of this article and article 9 of this Order, a noise certificate issued under this article shall remain in force without limit of time. 15 A noise certificate issued under this article in respect of an aircraft registered in the United Kingdom shall cease to be sufficient for the purposes of article 5 of this Order— a if the aircraft or any part of it is modified, in any way which affects the ability of the aircraft to comply with the noise standards required by this Order, otherwise than in a manner and with material of a type approved by the CAA either generally or in relation to a class of aircraft or to a particular aircraft; b until the completion of any inspection or test of the aircraft required by the CAA to be made for the purpose of ascertaining whether the aircraft continues to comply with the noise standards required by this Order. 16 The CAA may, for the purposes of this article, accept reports furnished to it by a person whom it may approve, either absolutely or subject to such conditions as it thinks fit, as qualified to furnish such reports. Noise certificate to be carried 7 1 An aircraft shall not land or take-off in the United Kingdom unless it carries any noise certificate which it is required to carry under the law of the country in which it is registered. 2 An aircraft registered in the United Kingdom shall, when in flight, whether within the United Kingdom or elsewhere, carry any noise certificate which is required by this Order to be in force in respect of that aircraft: Provided that if the flight is intended to begin and end at the same aerodrome, the certificate may be kept at that aerodrome instead of being carried in the aircraft. Production of noise certificate 8 The commander of an aircraft shall, within a reasonable time after being requested to do so by the CAA or an authorised person, cause to be produced to the CAA or that person the noise certificate in force in respect of that aircraft. Revocation, suspension and variation of noise certificates 9 1 The CAA may, if it thinks fit, provisionally suspend any noise certificate, approval, exemption or other document issued under this Order pending inquiry into or consideration of the case. The CAA may, after sufficient ground being shown to its satisfaction after due inquiry, revoke, suspend or vary any such certificate, approval, exemption or other document. 2 The holder or any person having the possession or custody of any noise certificate, approval, exemption or other document which has been revoked, suspended or varied under this Order shall surrender it to the CAA within a reasonable time after being required to do so by it. 3 The breach of any condition subject to which any noise certificate, approval, exemption or other document has been issued under this Order shall render the certificate invalid during the continuance of the breach. Offences in relation to noise certificates 10 1 A person shall not with intent to deceive— a use any noise certificate issued or required under this Order which has been revoked or suspended, or to which he is not entitled; or b lend any such certificate to, or allow it to be used by, any other person; or c make any false representation for the purpose of procuring for himself or any other person the issue, renewal or variation of any such certificate. 2 A person shall not purport to issue any noise certificate under this Order unless he has been authorised to do so. Power to prevent aircraft flying 11 1 If it appears to the CAA or an authorised person that any aircraft is intended or likely to be flown in such circumstances that article 5 of this Order would be contravened in relation to the flight, the CAA or that authorised person may direct the operator or the commander of the aircraft that he is not to permit the aircraft to make the flight or any other flight of such description as may be specified in the direction, until the direction has been revoked by the CAA or by an authorised person, and the CAA or that authorised person may take such steps as are necessary to detain the aircraft. 2 If the operator or the commander of an aircraft fails without reasonable excuse to comply with a direction given to him pursuant to paragraph (1) of this article, he shall be guilty of an offence. 3 For the purposes of paragraph (1) of this article, the CAA or any authorised person may enter upon and inspect any aircraft. Right of access to aerodromes and other places 12 The CAA and any authorised person shall have for the purpose of ascertaining whether the provisions of this Order are being complied with, the right of access at all reasonable times— a to any aerodrome for the purpose of inspecting any aircraft on the aerodrome or any document which it, or he, has power to demand under this Order, and for the purpose of detaining any aircraft under this Order; and b to any place where an aircraft has landed, for the purpose of inspecting the aircraft or any document which it, or he, has power to demand under this Order and for the purpose of detaining the aircraft under this Order: Provided that access to a Government aerodrome shall only be obtained with the permission of the person in charge of the aerodrome. Obstruction of persons 13 A person shall not intentionally obstruct or impede any person acting in the exercise of his powers or the performance of his duties under this Order. Penalties 14 1 If any provision of this Order is contravened in relation to an aircraft the operator of that aircraft and the commander thereof shall (without prejudice to the liability of any other person under this Order for that contravention) be deemed for the purposes of the following provisions of this article to have contravened that provision unless he proves that the contravention occurred without his consent or connivance and that he exercised all due diligence to prevent the contravention. 2 If it is proved that an act or omission of any person which would otherwise have been a contravention by that person of a provision of this Order was due to any cause not avoidable by the exercise of reasonable care by that person, the act or omission shall be deemed not to be a contravention by that person of that provision. 3 If any person contravenes any provisions of this Order, not being a provision referred to in paragraph (4) of this article, he shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £400. 4 If any person contravenes article 5, 10, 11 or 13 of this Order he shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £1000. Application of Order to the Crown and visiting forces, etc. 15 1 Subject to the following provisions of this article, the provisions of this Order shall apply to, or in relation to, aircraft belonging to or exclusively employed in the service of Her Majesty, as they apply to or in relation to other aircraft and for the purposes of such application the Department or other authority for the time being responsible on behalf of Her Majesty for the management of the aircraft shall be deemed to be the operator of the aircraft: Provided that nothing in this article shall render liable to any penalty any Department or other authority responsible on behalf of Her Majesty for the management of any aircraft. 2 The naval, military and air force authorities and members of any visiting force and any international headquarters and the members thereof and property held or used for the purpose of such a force or headquarters shall be exempt from the provisions of this Order to the same extent as if that force or headquarters formed part of the forces of Her Majesty raised in the United Kingdom and for the time being serving there. 3 Nothing in this Order shall apply to or in relation to any military aircraft. Exemption 16 The CAA after consultation with the Secretary of State may exempt from any of the provisions of this Order or any Regulations made thereunder any aircraft or persons or classes of aircraft or persons, either absolutely or subject to such conditions as it thinks fit. Extra-territorial effect of the Order 17 1 Except where the context otherwise requires, the provisions of this Order— a insofar as they apply (whether by express reference or otherwise) to aircraft registered in the United Kingdom, shall apply to such aircraft wherever they may be; b insofar as they apply as aforesaid to other aircraft shall apply to such aircraft when they are within the United Kingdom; c insofar as they prohibit, require or regulate (whether by express reference or otherwise) the doing of anything by the commander of any aircraft registered in the United Kingdom, shall apply to him wherever he may be; and d insofar as they prohibit, require or regulate as aforesaid the doing of anything in relation to any aircraft registered in the United Kingdom by other persons shall, where such persons are Commonwealth citizens, British protected persons or citizens of the Republic of Ireland, apply to them wherever they may be. 2 Nothing in this article shall be construed as extending to make any person guilty of an offence in any case in which it is provided by section 3(1) of the British Nationality Act 1948 (which limits the criminal liability of citizens of certain countries) that that person shall not be guilty of an offence. G. I. de Deney Clerk of the Privy Council