Traffic Management Act 2004 Part 1 Traffic Officers Traffic officers for England and for Wales Traffic officers: introduction 1 1 This Part makes provision for the designation of individuals as traffic officers by, or under an authorisation given by, the Secretary of State or the Assembly. 2 The duties assigned to traffic officers must be connected with, or intended to facilitate or to be conducive or incidental to— a the management of traffic on the relevant road network; or b the performance of any other functions of the appropriate national authority or a strategic highways company (in its capacity as a traffic authority or highway authority). 3 In subsection (2) “ the relevant road network ” means— a the network of relevant roads in England (in the case of traffic officers designated by, or under an authorisation given by, the Secretary of State); or b the network of relevant roads in Wales (in the case of traffic officers designated by, or under an authorisation given by, the Assembly). 4 Traffic officers shall have such special powers (for use in connection with the performance of their duties) as are referred to in section 5(1). 5 In this Part “ relevant road ” means a road in England for which the Secretary of State or a strategic highways company is the traffic authority or a road in Wales for which the Assembly is the traffic authority. Designation of traffic officers 2 1 The appropriate national authority may— a designate individuals as traffic officers; and b authorise another person to designate individuals as traffic officers. 2 An authorisation under subsection (1)— a must be given (and may be varied or withdrawn) in writing; and b may be given subject to such limitations and conditions as the appropriate national authority thinks appropriate. 3 The designation of an individual as a traffic officer must be made (and may be withdrawn) in writing. 4 A designation may provide that it is to remain in force (unless it is withdrawn or otherwise ceases to have effect) for a specified period. 5 A traffic officer designated under an authorisation must be employed by, or by a person providing services to, the authorised person. 6 An individual designated under an authorisation shall cease to be a traffic officer if the person who appointed him either withdraws his designation or ceases to be authorised. 7 The appropriate national authority may direct an authorised person to withdraw immediately the designation of all or any of the individuals who have been designated by that person. Jurisdiction and powers of traffic officers Jurisdiction of traffic officers 3 1 A traffic officer has jurisdiction— a over any relevant road in England (if he was designated by, or under an authorisation given by, the Secretary of State); or b over any relevant road in Wales (if he was designated by, or under an authorisation given by, the Assembly), unless his designation provides that this subsection does not apply to him. 2 If subsection (1) does not apply to a traffic officer, he has jurisdiction only over such relevant roads, or relevant roads of such descriptions, as may be specified in his designation. Powers to direct traffic officers 4 1 A traffic officer shall, when carrying out his duties, comply with any direction of a constable. 2 Subject to that, a traffic officer designated by an authorised person shall, when carrying out his duties, comply with any direction of the appropriate national authority. The special powers of a traffic officer 5 1 For the purposes of this Part the special powers of a traffic officer are the following— a powers conferred by sections 6 and 7; b powers conferred by orders under section 8; and c powers conferred by or under any other Act which are expressed to be special powers for the purposes of this section. 2 The exercise of those powers is subject to the following restrictions. 3 Those powers may only be exercised for one or more of the following purposes— a maintaining or improving the movement of traffic on a relevant road over which the traffic officer has jurisdiction by virtue of section 3; b preventing or reducing the effect of anything causing (or which has the potential to cause) congestion or other disruption to the movement of traffic on such a road; c avoiding danger to persons or other traffic using such a road (or preventing risks of any such danger arising); d preventing damage to, or to anything on or near, such a road; or for a purpose incidental to any of those purposes. 4 Subject to that, those powers may be exercised— a on or in relation to any relevant road over which the traffic officer has jurisdiction to act by virtue of section 3; or b if the condition specified in subsection (5) is met, on or in relation to any other road in England and Wales. 5 The condition is that the traffic officer is acting— a at the direction of the chief officer of police for the area in which the road is situated; or b with the consent of the traffic authority for the road. 6 A traffic officer may not exercise his special powers on a road unless he is in uniform. Powers to stop or direct traffic 6 1 This section confers the following powers on a traffic officer— a a power, when the traffic officer is engaged in the regulation of traffic in a road, to direct a person driving or propelling a vehicle— i to stop the vehicle, or ii to make it proceed in, or keep to, a particular line of traffic; b a power, for the purposes of a traffic survey of any description which is being carried out on or in the vicinity of a road, to direct a person driving or propelling a vehicle— i to stop the vehicle, or ii to make it proceed in, or keep to, a particular line of traffic, or iii to proceed to a particular point on or near the road on which the vehicle is being driven or propelled; (subject to the restriction in section 35(3) of the Road Traffic Act 1988 (c. 52)); c a power, when the traffic officer is engaged in the regulation of vehicular traffic in a road, to direct persons on foot (or such persons and other traffic) to stop; d a power to direct a person driving a mechanically propelled vehicle, or riding a cycle, on a road to stop the vehicle or cycle. 2 In section 35 of the Road Traffic Act 1988 (drivers to comply with traffic directions)— a in subsection (1)— i after “a constable” there is inserted “ or traffic officer ” ; ii after “duty” there is inserted “ or the traffic officer (as the case may be) ” ; b in subsection (2)(b) after “constable” there is inserted “ or traffic officer ” . 3 In section 37 of that Act (directions to pedestrians)— a after “uniform” there is inserted “ or traffic officer ” ; b after “duty” there is inserted “ or the traffic officer (as the case may be) ” . 4 In section 163 of that Act (power of police to stop vehicles), in subsections (1) and (2) after “uniform” there is inserted “ or a traffic officer ” . 5 In Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic Offenders Act 1988 (c. 53) (prosecution and punishment of offences under the Traffic Acts), in column 5 of the entry relating to section 35 of the Road Traffic Act 1988 after “constable” there is inserted “ , traffic officer ” . Powers to place temporary traffic signs 7 1 A traffic officer has the powers of a constable under section 67(1) of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27) (power in the case of emergencies and temporary obstructions etc. to place and temporarily maintain traffic signs on a road or on any structure on a road). 2 The references insection 67(1) and (2) to powers conferred by subsection (1) of that section include a reference to the corresponding powers of a traffic officer by virtue of this section. Power to confer further special powers on traffic officers 8 1 The appropriate national authority may by order made by statutory instrument confer further special powers on traffic officers. 2 The national authority may not confer a further special power on traffic officers unless it is satisfied that the power is necessary for the purpose of facilitating the performance of any duties which may be assigned to traffic officers. 3 The order may— a provide for the enforcement of any special power conferred by the order (whether by the creation of a summary offence or otherwise); b make supplemental, incidental, transitional or consequential provision (including provision amending any Act or subordinate legislation). 4 An order under this section may not be made by the Secretary of State unless a draft of the order has been laid before and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament. Removal of certain vehicles by traffic officers 9 1 The power to make regulations under section 99 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27) includes, in relation to the removal of vehicles by traffic officers, power to make consequential provision. 2 The provision which may be made by virtue of subsection (1) includes in particular provision— a amending, or b applying in relation to vehicles removed by traffic officers (with or without modifications), any provision of sections 100 to 102 of that Act (disposal of vehicles removed under section 99). Miscellaneous and supplementary Offences 10 1 A person who assaults a traffic officer in the execution of his duties is guilty of an offence and liable, on summary conviction, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 51 weeks or to a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale (or both). 2 A person who resists or wilfully obstructs a traffic officer in the execution of his duties is guilty of an offence and liable, on summary conviction, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 51 weeks or to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale (or both). 3 A person who, with intent to deceive— a impersonates a traffic officer, b makes any statement or does any act calculated falsely to suggest that he is a traffic officer, or c makes any statement or does any act calculated falsely to suggest that he has powers as a traffic officer that exceed the powers he actually has, is guilty of an offence and liable, on summary conviction, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 51 weeks or to a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale (or both). 4 A person to whom this subsection applies who fails to give his name and address to a traffic officer in uniform on being required to do so by that officer is guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale. 5 Subsection (4) applies to a person whom the traffic officer reasonably believes to have been the driver of a vehicle at a time of a failure to comply with— a a direction given in relation to that vehicle under a power conferred by section 6, or b the indication given by a traffic sign placed under a power conferred by section 7. 6 In the case of offences committed before the commencement of section 281(5) of the Criminal Justice Act 2003— a subsections (1) and (3) apply as if for “51 weeks” there were substituted “ six months ” ; and b subsection (2) applies as if for “51 weeks” there were substituted “ one month ” . Uniform 11 1 The appropriate national authority shall determine the uniform for traffic officers designated by, or under an authorisation given by, that authority. 2 The Secretary of State may delegate his or her function under subsection (1) to a strategic highways company. 3 A delegation under subsection (2) may specify— a the extent to which the function is delegated; b any conditions to which the delegation is subject. Power to charge for traffic officer services provided on request 12 The appropriate national authority or, as respects England, a strategic highways company may, at the request of any person, agree to arrange for the services of a traffic officer to be provided to that person subject to the payment of a charge. Power to acquire land 13 In the Highways Act 1980 (c. 66), after section 245 (acquisition of land for buildings etc. required for discharge of functions of highway authority) there is inserted— Acquisition of land by Secretary of State or Assembly for buildings etc. needed for traffic management purposes 245A 1 The Secretary of State may acquire land which in his opinion is required for the provision of any buildings or facilities which are needed— a for use by, or in connection with the activities of, traffic officers in England; or b for other purposes connected with the management of traffic on highways in England for which he is the highway authority. 2 The National Assembly for Wales may acquire land which in its opinion is required for the provision of any buildings or facilities which are needed— a for use by, or in connection with the activities of, traffic officers in Wales; or b for other purposes connected with the management of traffic on highways in Wales for which it is the highway authority. Financial assistance to authorised persons 14 The appropriate national authority may give financial assistance to an authorised person, in such form and on such terms as it considers appropriate, in respect of the traffic officers designated by that person (including financial assistance in respect of equipment, accommodation or other facilities provided for those traffic officers). Interpretation of Part 1 15 In this Part— “ the appropriate national authority ” means— the Secretary of State, as respects England; and the Assembly, as respects Wales; “ the Assembly ” means the National Assembly for Wales; “ authorised person ” means a person who is authorised under section 2; “ designation ” means designation as a traffic officer under section 2; “ relevant road ” has the meaning given by section 1(5); “ road ” means any length of highway or of any other road to which the public has access, and includes bridges over which a road passes; “ strategic highways company ” means a company for the time being appointed under Part 1 of the Infrastructure Act 2015; “traffic authority” has same meaning as in the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27); “ traffic officer ” means an individual designated under section 2. Part 2 Network management by local traffic authorities and strategic highways companies General duties relating to network management The network management duty 16 1 It is the duty of a local traffic authority or a strategic highways company (“ the network management authority ”) to manage their road network with a view to achieving, so far as may be reasonably practicable having regard to their other obligations, policies and objectives, the following objectives— a securing the expeditious movement of traffic on the authority's road network; and b facilitating the expeditious movement of traffic on road networks for which another authority is the traffic authority. 2 The action which the authority may take in performing that duty includes, in particular, any action which they consider will contribute to securing— a the more efficient use of their road network; or b the avoidance, elimination or reduction of road congestion or other disruption to the movement of traffic on their road network or a road network for which another authority is the traffic authority; and may involve the exercise of any power to regulate or co-ordinate the uses made of any road (or part of a road) in the road network (whether or not the power was conferred on them in their capacity as a traffic authority). 3 In this Part “ network management duty ”, in relation to a network management authority, means their duty under this section. Arrangements for network management 17 1 A network management authority shall make such arrangements as they consider appropriate for planning and carrying out the action to be taken in performing the network management duty. 2 The arrangements must include provision for the appointment of a person (to be known as the “ traffic manager ”) to perform such tasks as the authority consider will assist them to perform their network management duty. 3 The traffic manager may (but need not) be an employee of the authority. 4 The arrangements must include provision for establishing processes for ensuring (so far as may be reasonably practicable) that the authority— a identify things (including future occurrences) which are causing, or which have the potential to cause, road congestion or other disruption to the movement of traffic on their road network; and b consider any possible action that could be taken in response to (or in anticipation of) anything so identified; but nothing in this subsection is to be taken to require the identification or consideration of anything appearing to have only an insignificant effect (or potential effect) on the movement of traffic on their road network. 5 The arrangements must include provision for ensuring that the authority— a determine specific policies or objectives in relation to different roads or classes of road in their road network; b monitor the effectiveness of— i the authority's organisation and decision-making processes; and ii the implementation of their decisions; and c assess their performance in managing their road network. 6 The authority must keep under review the effectiveness of the arrangements they have in place under this section. Guidance to network management authorities 18 1 The appropriate national authority may publish guidance to network management authorities about the techniques of network management or any other matter relating to the performance of the duties imposed by sections 16 and 17. 2 In performing those duties a network management authority shall have regard to any such guidance. Power to require information relating to network management 19 1 The appropriate national authority may direct a network management authority to provide it, within a specified period, with specified information connected with any aspect of the performance of their duties under sections 16 and 17. 2 The information that may be specified in such a direction— a must be information which the authority have in their possession or can reasonably be expected to acquire; and b includes, in particular, information relating to— i the management of a network management authority's road network; or ii the use of their road network by different kinds of traffic or the effects of that use. 3 A direction under this section may be given to two or more network management authorities or to network management authorities of a description specified in the direction. 4 A direction under this section given to a London authority must be copied to the Mayor. Enforcement of network management duties Intervention notices 20 1 If the appropriate national authority considers that a network management authority may be failing properly to perform any of their duties under sections 16 and 17 it may give a notice stating that it is of that opinion (an “intervention notice”) to the authority. 2 An intervention notice must— a give brief particulars of the grounds for giving the notice; and b offer the network management authority the opportunity (within a specified period) to make representations or proposals about any matter raised by the notice. 3 The notice may also require the network management authority to provide the national authority, within the period specified under subsection (2)(b), with specified information. 4 Any information specified in the notice must be information that the national authority considers will assist it in deciding what further action (if any) to take. 5 The Secretary of State shall consult the Mayor before giving an intervention notice to a London authority and, if such a notice is given, shall give him a copy of it. Intervention orders 21 1 If the appropriate national authority is satisfied that a network management authority are failing properly to perform any duty under sections 16 and 17 it may, by order made by statutory instrument (an “intervention order”), make provision for or in connection with the appointment of a traffic director. 2 In this Part “ traffic director ” means a person appointed by the national authority with such objectives as the national authority considers will secure that the duty in question is properly performed. 3 An intervention order providing for the appointment of a traffic director must (among other things)— a state that the national authority is satisfied as mentioned in subsection (1); b give brief particulars of the grounds for appointing a traffic director; c set out the objectives of the traffic director; and d confer such general powers on the traffic director as the national authority considers appropriate for achieving those objectives. 4 But such an order may not be made unless— a reasonable notice of the grounds for appointing a traffic director has been given to the network management authority in an intervention notice; and b the period specified in the notice under section 20(2)(b) has expired; but if that period has expired an order may be made whether or not the network management authority have complied with any requirements specified under section 20(3). 5 The general powers which may be conferred on the traffic director are powers authorising him— a to monitor any matter; b to report on any matter; c to intervene in activities of the network management authority; and d to carry out functions of the network management authority. The general powers are explained further in sections 23 to 25. 6 The order may require the traffic director to carry out functions of the network management authority. 7 The order may— a limit the scope of any general powers conferred on the traffic director or any duty imposed under subsection (6); b confer ancillary powers on the traffic director; c provide for the circumstances in which any general or ancillary power may (or may not) be exercised; d impose conditions on the exercise of any general or ancillary power; e make incidental or supplementary provision; f make different provision for different circumstances. 8 For the purposes of subsection (7) “ ancillary power ” means a power to do anything calculated to facilitate (or to be conducive or incidental to)— a the exercise by the traffic director of his general powers; or b the performance of any duty imposed on him under subsection (6), including, in particular, power to require the network management authority to provide him with information and assistance. 9 The appropriate national authority shall consult the network management authority before making an intervention order which makes further provision in connection with the appointment of a traffic director under an earlier intervention order. 10 The Secretary of State shall consult the Mayor before making an intervention order in relation to a London authority. Appointment of traffic director: supplementary 22 1 Where by virtue of an intervention order a traffic director is to be appointed in relation to a network management authority— a any person (including the national authority making the order, another network management authority, a Passenger Transport Executive or any other public authority) may be appointed; b the appointment may be made on such terms as that national authority may consider appropriate; and c the appointment may be revoked by that national authority. 2 The powers conferred by subsection (1) have effect subject to the provisions of the order. 3 Notice of any appointment of a traffic director (or the revocation of an appointment) shall be given to the network management authority and, in the case of a London authority, to the Mayor. 4 Any such notice of an appointment must be given before the traffic director begins to carry out any of his duties. Monitoring and reporting 23 1 The general powers which may be conferred by an intervention order under section 21(5)(a) are powers to monitor anything connected with the performance by the network management authority of their duties under 16 and 17, including the use of their road network by different kinds of traffic or the effects of that use. 2 The general powers which may be conferred by an intervention order under section 21(5)(b) are powers to make reports about— a anything connected with the carrying out of the traffic director's objectives; or b anything connected with the performance by the network management authority of their duties under sections 16 and 17, including the use of their road network by different kinds of traffic or the effects of that use. 3 The order may provide for such reports to be made to the appropriate national authority or the network management authority (or both). Intervention in activities of network management authority 24 1 This section explains the general powers which may be conferred by an intervention order under section 21(5)(c). 2 Such powers may authorise the traffic director to give to the network management authority directions with respect to the exercise of any specified function, including in particular directions— a to exercise (or to cease or refrain from exercising) such a function; b as to the way in which such a function is (or is not) to be exercised; c as to the policies to be adopted in the exercise of any function. 3 The order may specify any function of the authority (whether or not conferred in their capacity as a traffic authority) the exercise of which appears to the appropriate national authority to be capable of contributing to, or interfering with, the achievement of the traffic director's objectives. 4 Such powers may also authorise the traffic director, where it appears to him that the authority has failed to comply with a direction— a to take any steps which still remain to be taken by the authority to comply with the direction, and b recover from the authority as a civil debt the costs reasonably incurred by him in taking those steps. 5 Anything done by the traffic director under subsection (4)(a) is to be treated as having been done by the authority. Exercise of network management authority functions 25 1 This section explains the general powers which may be conferred by an intervention order under section 21(5)(d) and the duty which may be imposed under section 21(6). 2 The order may authorise or require the traffic director to take over from the network management authority the exercise of any specified function. 3 The order may specify any function of the authority (whether or not conferred in their capacity as a traffic authority) the exercise of which appears to the appropriate national authority to be capable of contributing to, or interfering with, the achievement of the traffic director's objectives. 4 The order may require the authority to take action— a to co-ordinate their activities with those of the traffic director in the exercise of functions specified under subsection (2); b to co-operate with the traffic director in the exercise of such functions. 5 Anything done by the traffic director in the exercise of a specified function is to be treated as having been done by the authority. Application of sections 20 to 25 to network management authorities exercising functions jointly 26 1 The appropriate national authority may by order made by statutory instrument make provision for the application of sections 20 to 25 (with or without modifications) in cases where to any extent the performance of the duties under sections 16 and 17 is carried out jointly by two or more network management authorities. 2 A statutory instrument containing an order under this section made by the Secretary of State is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution by either House of Parliament. Criteria for making intervention orders 27 1 The appropriate national authority shall give, in accordance with subsection (2), guidance about the criteria which it proposes to apply for the purpose of deciding whether to give an intervention notice or make an intervention order. 2 The guidance shall be appended to an order made by the authority by statutory instrument. 3 A statutory instrument containing an order under subsection (2) made by the Secretary of State is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. Guidance to traffic directors 28 1 The appropriate national authority may give guidance to traffic directors in relation to the performance of their duties. 2 Such guidance may be general or given to a particular traffic director. 3 In carrying out his duties a traffic director shall have regard to any guidance under this section which is applicable to him. 4 The appropriate national authority shall publish any guidance given under this section. Traffic directors in London 29 1 Subsections (2) to (4) apply where a traffic director is appointed in relation to a London authority. 2 A copy of any report made by a traffic director to the authority shall be given to the Mayor. 3 In carrying out his duties the traffic director need not comply with, or have regard to, any directions or guidance given by the Mayor under Part 4 of the Greater London Authority Act 1999 (c. 29). 4 The duty to comply with a direction given by the traffic director prevails, to the extent of any inconsistency, over the duty to comply with, or have regard to, any direction or guidance mentioned in subsection (3). 5 Subsections (6) to (8) apply where a traffic director is appointed in relation to Transport for London. 6 If the traffic director— a exercises the power of Transport for London under subsection (3) of section 301A of the Highways Act 1980 (c. 66) to object to a proposal and does not withdraw that objection, or b directs Transport for London to exercise the power to object to a proposal and not to withdraw the objection, that section has effect as if subsections (3)(d) and (4) were omitted. 7 If the traffic director— a exercises the power of Transport for London under subsection (3) of section 121B of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27) to object to a proposal and does not withdraw that objection, or b directs Transport for London to exercise the power to object to a proposal and not to withdraw the objection, that section has effect as if subsections (3)(d) and (4) were omitted. 8 While the intervention order to which the appointment relates is in force the Mayor may not, without the consent of the traffic director, issue a direction under— a section 301A(9) of the Highways Act 1980, or b section 121B(9) of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984, dispensing with any of the requirements mentioned there (whether or not by varying an existing direction). Recovery of costs from network management authorities 30 1 This section applies where a traffic director has been appointed in respect of a network management authority. 2 The appropriate national authority may recover from the network management authority such sum or sums as it may consider appropriate. 3 The amount recovered must not exceed the total expenditure of the national authority which is attributable to the appointment of the traffic director (including expenditure towards any costs incurred by the traffic director which are not met from any other source). Interpretation of Part 2 31 In this Part— “ appropriate national authority ” means— the Secretary of State, as respects England; and the National Assembly for Wales, as respects Wales; “ intervention notice ” means a notice under section 20; “ intervention order ” means an order under section 21; “ local traffic authority ” means a traffic authority other than the Secretary of State , a strategic highways company or the National Assembly for Wales; “ London authority ” means Transport for London, a London borough Council or the Common Council of the City of London; “ Mayor ” means the Mayor of London; “ road ” means any length of highway or of any other road to which the public has access, and includes bridges over which a road passes; “ road network ”, in relation to a strategic highways company or a local traffic authority, means the network of roads for which the company or the authority is the traffic authority; “ traffic ” includes pedestrians; “ traffic authority ” has the same meaning as in the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27); “ network management authority ” has the meaning given in section 16(1); “ network management duty ” has the meaning given in section 16(3). Part 3 Permit Schemes Meaning of “permit scheme” 32 1 Any reference in this Part to a permit scheme is a reference to a scheme which is designed to control the carrying out of specified works in specified streets in a specified area. 2 A permit scheme may (in particular) include provision— a for or in connection with requiring a permit to be obtained before specified works are carried out (including provision as to the persons who are required to obtain permits), b for or in connection with the issue of permits (including provision with respect to applications for permits, provision for cases in which there is to be an entitlement to the issue of a permit and provision with respect to cases in which permits are to be deemed to be issued), c as to cases in which specified works may be carried out without a permit, d for or in connection with the imposition of conditions which are to apply in relation to the carrying out of specified works (including provision for or in connection with the attachment of such conditions to permits), e for or in connection with the review or variation of permits or such conditions (including provision with respect to applications for such variations). 3 In this section “ specified ” means specified, or of a description specified, in a permit scheme. Preparation of permit schemes 33 1 A permit scheme may be prepared by— a a strategic highways company, b a local highway authority in England, or c such a company or authority acting together with one or more other such companies or authorities. 1A A local highway authority in Wales, or two or more such authorities acting together, may prepare and submit to the Welsh Ministers a permit scheme. 2 The Secretary of State may direct— a a strategic highways company, b a local highway authority in England, or c such a company or authority acting together with one or more other such companies or authorities, to prepare and give effect to a permit scheme which takes such form as the Secretary of State may direct. 2A The Welsh Ministers may direct a local highway authority in Wales, or two or more such authorities acting together, to prepare and submit to them a permit scheme which takes such form as the Welsh Ministers may direct. 3 The appropriate national authority, in its capacity as a highway authority, may prepare a permit scheme. 4 The Secretary of State, in his capacity as the person with responsibility for the management and control of streets in the Royal Parks, may prepare a permit scheme in respect of any such streets. 5 Those preparing permit schemes— a must comply with permit regulations, and b must have regard to any guidance which may be issued by the appropriate national authority. Implementation of permit schemes of strategic highway companies and local highway authorities in England 33A 1 This section applies to a permit scheme prepared in accordance with section 33(1) or (2) by— a a strategic highways company, b a local highway authority in England, or c such a company or authority acting together with one or more other such companies or authorities. 2 The scheme shall not have effect in the area of a participating authority unless the authority gives effect to it by order. 3 For the purposes of subsection (2) a local highway authority or a strategic highways company is a “ participating authority ” in relation to a permit scheme if it is the highway authority for any of the streets in which the scheme is to control the carrying out of works. 4 An order under subsection (2)— a must set out the scheme and specify the date on which the scheme is to come into effect, and b may (in accordance with permit regulations) include provisions which disapply or modify enactments to the extent specified in the order. Implementation of local highway authority permit schemes : Wales 34 1 This section applies where a permit scheme is prepared by a local highway authority in Wales and submitted to Welsh Ministers in accordance with section 33(1A) or (2A) . 2 The Welsh Ministers may approve the scheme with or without modifications. 3 Where the Welsh Ministers approve the scheme with modifications, references in subsections (4) and (5) to the scheme are to be read as references to the scheme as so modified. 4 The scheme shall not have effect unless the Welsh Ministers by order give effect to it. 5 An order under subsection (4)— a must set out the scheme and specify the date on which the scheme is to come into effect, and b may (in accordance with permit regulations) include provisions which disapply or modify enactments to the extent specified in the order. Implementation of other permit schemes 35 1 This section applies where a permit scheme is prepared in accordance with section 33(3) or (4). 2 The scheme shall not have effect unless the appropriate national authority by order gives effect to it. 3 An order under subsection (2)— a must set out the scheme and specify the date on which the scheme is to come into effect, and b may (in accordance with permit regulations) include provisions which disapply or modify enactments to the extent specified in the order. Variation and revocation of permit schemes 36 1 A local highway authority in England may by order vary or revoke a permit scheme to the extent that it has effect in the area of the authority by virtue of an order made by the authority under section 33A(2). 2 The Secretary of State may direct a local highway authority in England to vary or revoke a permit scheme by an order under subsection (1). 3 An order made by a local highway authority under subsection (1) may vary or revoke an order made by the authority under section 33A(2), or an order previously made by the authority under subsection (1). 4 A strategic highways company may by order vary or revoke a permit scheme to the extent that it has effect, by virtue of an order made by the company under section 33A(2), in the area in respect of which the company is appointed. 5 The Secretary of State may direct a strategic highways company to vary or revoke a permit scheme by an order under subsection (4). 6 An order made by a strategic highways company under subsection (4) may vary or revoke an order made by the company under section 33A(2), or an order previously made by the company under subsection (4). 7 The Welsh Ministers may by order vary or revoke any permit scheme which for the time being has effect by virtue of an order made by them under section 34(4) or 35(2). 8 An order under subsection (7) may vary or revoke an order made by the Welsh Ministers under section 34(4) or 35(2), or an order previously made under subsection (7). 9 The Secretary of State may by order vary or revoke any permit scheme which for the time being has effect by virtue of an order made by the Secretary of State under section 35(2). 10 An order under subsection (9) may vary or revoke an order made by the Secretary of State under section 35(2), or an order previously made under subsection (9). 11 An order under subsection (7) or (9) may relate to one or more permit schemes. 12 An order under this section may (in accordance with permit regulations) include provisions which disapply or modify enactments to the extent specified in the order. Permit regulations 37 1 The Secretary of State may by regulations (“ permit regulations ”) make provision with respect to the content, preparation, ... operation, variation or revocation of permit schemes prepared by local highway authorities in England or strategic highways companies under section 33(1) or (2) or by the Secretary of State under section 33(3) or (4) . 1A The Welsh Ministers may by regulations (“ permit regulations ”) make provision with respect to the content, preparation, submission, approval, operation, variation or revocation of permit schemes prepared by local highway authorities in Wales under section 33(1A) or (2A) or by the Welsh Ministers under section 33(3). 2 Permit regulations may— a set out procedural provisions with which those preparing permit schemes must comply, b set out standard provisions which may or must be included in a permit scheme, c make provision as to the publicity to be given to permit schemes. 3 Permit regulations may make provision— a with respect to any of the matters mentioned in section 32(2) (including provision as to the conditions or types of conditions which may be imposed by virtue of section 32(2)(d)), b for the purpose of limiting the streets, or type of streets, which may be the subject of a permit scheme. 3A Permit regulations made by the Secretary of State may impose requirements for the purpose of securing that permit schemes are kept under review. 4 Permit regulations may make provision— a as to the criteria to be taken into account in the case of decisions with respect to the issue, review or variation of permits or decisions with respect to the imposition, review or variation of conditions, b for or in connection with the determination, or facilitating the determination, of disputes (including provision with respect to the appointment of persons to determine, or facilitate the determination of, disputes), c for or in connection with appeals (including provision with respect to the appointment of persons to hear appeals), d as to the action which may be taken if works are carried out without a permit or if any conditions are not complied with, e for or in connection with the creation, in prescribed cases (including prescribed cases where works are carried out without a permit or in breach of any conditions), of a criminal offence triable summarily and punishable with a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale, f for or in connection with excluding or limiting the liability of prescribed undertakers in prescribed cases. 5 Provision under subsection (4) in respect of adjudication may not be made without the consent of the Lord Chancellor. 6 Permit regulations may make provision for or in connection with the giving of fixed penalty notices (including, in particular, provision applying Schedule 4B to the New Roads and Street Works Act 1991 (c. 22), with or without modifications) in relation to any offence created by permit regulations. 7 Permit regulations may make provision for or in connection with the payment of a fee in respect of any one or more of the following— a an application for a permit, b the issue of a permit, c an application for the variation of a permit or the conditions attached to a permit, d the variation of a permit or the conditions attached to a permit. 8 Provision made under subsection (7) may include provision as to— a the amount or maximum amount of any fee, b cases in which fees are not to be payable or are to be repaid, c cases in which fees may be discounted, d the time and manner of making payment of fees, e the application of sums paid by way of fees. 9 In making provision under subsection (7), the appropriate national authority must try to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, that the fees payable in connection with permit schemes do not exceed such costs in connection with permit schemes as may be prescribed. 10 For the purposes of subsection (9), the national authority may rely on such estimates (including estimates with respect to the average costs of highway authorities or particular descriptions of highway authority) as the national authority thinks fit. 11 Permit regulations may make provision— a for or in connection with the creation and maintenance of registers of permits, b with respect to access to information contained in any such registers (including provision restricting such access), c with respect to the keeping of accounts, and the preparation and publication of statements of account, relating to permit schemes. 12 Permit regulations may make provision for or in connection with permitting a highway authority, or two or more such authorities acting together, to prepare a permit scheme in respect of streets in a particular area which are maintainable highways notwithstanding that the authority, or those authorities, are not the highway authority for all or any of those streets. 13 Permit regulations may set out provisions— a which disapply or modify enactments, and b which are to or may apply in the case of permit schemes. 14 Nothing in subsections (2) to (13) is to be taken as affecting the generality of subsection (1). Crown application 38 1 This Part and any provisions made under it bind the Crown (but do not affect Her Majesty in her private capacity or in right of Her Duchy of Lancaster or the Duke of Cornwall). 2 Nothing in subsection (1) is to be construed as authorising the bringing of proceedings for a criminal offence against a person acting on behalf of the Crown. Interpretation of Part 3 39 1 In this Part— “ the appropriate national authority ” means— the Secretary of State, as respects England, and the Welsh Ministers , as respects Wales; “ condition ” is to be construed in accordance with section 32(2); “ enactment ” includes an enactment comprised in subordinate legislation (within the meaning of the Interpretation Act 1978 (c. 30)); “ fixed penalty notice ” means a notice offering a person the opportunity of discharging any liability to conviction for an offence by payment of a penalty; “ highway authority ” and “ local highway authority ” have the same meaning as in the Highways Act 1980 (c. 66); “ maintainable highway ” has the same meaning as in Part 3 of the New Roads and Street Works Act 1991 (c. 22); “ permit ” is to be construed in accordance with section 32(2); “ permit scheme ” is to be construed in accordance with section 32; “ permit regulations ” is to be construed in accordance with section 37; “ prescribed ” means prescribed, or of a description prescribed, by regulations made by the appropriate national authority; “ Royal Park ” means any park to which the Parks Regulation Act 1872 (c. 15) applies (see sections 1 and 3 of the Parks Regulation (Amendment) Act 1926 (c. 36)); “ street ” means a street (within the meaning of Part 3 of the New Roads and Street Works Act 1991)— which is a maintainable highway, or which is situated in a Royal Park; “ street works ” has the meaning given by section 48(3) of the New Roads and Street Works Act 1991; “ strategic highways company ” means a company for the time being appointed under Part 1 of the Infrastructure Act 2015; “ undertaker ” has the same meaning as in Part 3 of that Act; “ works ” means— prescribed street works, and such other works or activities as may be prescribed, but activities may not be prescribed under paragraph (b) unless they are, or correspond to, activities which are regulated or controlled by the Highways Act 1980. 2 An order or regulations under this Part— a may make different provision for different cases or different areas, b may include incidental, supplemental, consequential or transitional provision or savings. 3 A power of the Secretary of State or the Welsh Ministers to make an order or regulations under this Part is exercisable by statutory instrument. 4 The first permit regulations may not be made by the Secretary of State unless a draft of them has been laid before and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament. 5 Subject to that, a statutory instrument containing regulations under this Part made by the Secretary of State is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. 6 A statutory instrument containing regulations under this Part made by the Welsh Ministers is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of the National Assembly for Wales. Part 4 Street works Enforcement Increase in penalties for summary offences under 1991 Act 40 1 The maximum fine for each offence under a provision of the New Roads and Street Works Act 1991 (c. 22) (in this Part referred to as “ the 1991 Act ”) listed in column 1 of the table in Schedule 1 is increased from level 3 on the standard scale to the level specified for that provision in column 3 of the table. 2 Accordingly, in each provision so listed, for “level 3” there is substituted “ level 4 ” or “level 5” (as specified in column 3 of the table). 3 In section 70(6) of the 1991 Act, for the words from “to a” to the end there is substituted— a in the case of an offence consisting of a failure to comply with subsection (3) or (4A), to a fine not exceeding level 4 on the standard scale; and b in any other case, to a fine not exceeding level 5 on that scale. 4 In section 74(7B) and 74A(11) of the 1991 Act (maximum fine for offences in regulations in respect of failure to comply with notice requirement) for “level 3” there is substituted “ level 4 ” . 5 In section 88(6) of the 1991 Act (failure to comply with duties relating to street works affecting the structure of a bridge) for the words from “to a” to the end there is substituted— a in the case of an offence consisting of a failure to take all reasonably practicable steps to comply with subsection (5)(a), to a fine not exceeding level 4 on the standard scale; and b in any other case, to a fine not exceeding level 5 on that scale. Fixed penalty offences 41 1 After section 95 of the 1991 Act (offences) there is inserted— Fixed penalties for certain offences under this Part 95A 1 Any offence under this Part relating to any street works which is listed in the first column of Schedule 4A (and described in general terms in the second column) is a fixed penalty offence for the purposes of this Part. 2 Offences listed in that Schedule which are committed by virtue of section 166 (offences by bodies corporate and Scottish partnerships) are not fixed penalty offences. 3 The Secretary of State may by order modify that Schedule so as to provide for offences under this Part relating to any street works to become (or cease to be) fixed penalty offences. 4 Such an order may not be made unless a draft of the order has been laid before and approved by resolution of each House of Parliament. 5 Schedule 4B (which makes provision about fixed penalties for fixed penalty offences) has effect. 2 In section 106 of that Act (index for Part 3), the following entry is inserted in the appropriate place— fixed penalty offence section 95A(1) . 3 After Schedule 4 to that Act there is inserted Schedules 4A and 4B as set out in Schedules 2 and 3 to this Act. Co-ordination of works by street authority Duty of street authority to co-ordinate works 42 1 Section 59 of the 1991 Act (general duty of street authority to co-ordinate works) is amended as follows. 2 In subsection (1) after “purposes)” there is inserted “ and the carrying out of relevant activities ” . 3 In subsection (2) after “works” there is inserted “ or relevant activities ” . 4 After subsection (6) there is inserted— 7 In this section “ relevant activities ” means any activity, other than the execution of works in the street or the use of the street by traffic (including pedestrians), which— a involves the temporary occupation or use of space in a street; b is subject to regulation by the street authority by virtue of provision made by or under any Act other than this Act; and c is prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State. Direction-making powers Directions relating to timing of street works 43 1 Section 56 of the 1991 Act (power to give directions as to timing of street works) is amended as follows. 2 In subsection (1)— a in paragraph (b), after “at certain times” there is inserted “ or on certain days (or at certain times on certain days) ” ; b after “the times” there is inserted “ or days (or both) ” . 3 After subsection (1) there is inserted— 1A Where it appears to a street authority— a that subsisting street works are causing or are likely to cause serious disruption to traffic, and b that the disruption would be avoided or reduced if the works were to continue to be carried out only at certain times or on certain days (or at certain times on certain days), the authority may give the undertaker such directions as may be appropriate as to the times or days (or both) when the works may or may not continue to be carried out. 4 After subsection (3) there is inserted— 3A An undertaker shall be taken not to have failed to fulfil any statutory duty to afford a supply or service if, or to the extent that, his failure is attributable to a direction under this section. Directions as to placing of apparatus 44 In the 1991 Act, after section 56 there is inserted— Power to give directions as to placing of apparatus 56A 1 Where— a an undertaker is proposing to execute street works consisting of the placing of apparatus in a street (“street A”), b placing the apparatus in street A is likely to cause disruption to traffic, and c it appears to the street authority that— i there is another street (“street B”) in which the apparatus could be placed, and ii the conditions in subsection (2) are satisfied, the authority may by direction require the undertaker not to place the apparatus in street A (but may not require him to place the apparatus in street B). 2 The conditions referred to in subsection (1)(c) are that— a disruption to traffic would be avoided or reduced if the apparatus were to be placed in street B; b placing the apparatus in street B would be a reasonable way of achieving the purpose for which the apparatus is to be placed; and c it is reasonable to require the undertaker not to place the apparatus in street A. 3 A direction under this section may be varied or revoked by a further such direction. 4 The procedure for giving a direction under this section shall be prescribed by the Secretary of State. 5 The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision for appeals against directions under this section, including provision as to the persons who may determine appeals and the procedure to be followed on an appeal. 6 An undertaker who executes works in contravention of a direction under this section commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale. 7 An undertaker shall be taken not to have failed to fulfil any statutory duty to afford a supply or service if, or to the extent that, his failure is attributable to a direction under this section. 8 The Secretary of State may issue or approve for the purposes of this section a code of practice giving practical guidance as to the exercise by street authorities of the power conferred by this section; and in exercising that power a street authority shall have regard to the code of practice. Records and information The street works register 45 1 Section 53 of the 1991 Act (the street works register) is amended as follows. 2 In subsection (1)— a after “respect to” (in the second place they appear) there is inserted “ (a) ” ; and b at the end there is added ; and b such descriptions of— i apparatus placed, or proposed to be placed, in the street, ii builder's skips (within the meaning of section 139 of the Highways Act 1980 (c. 66))), or of building materials, rubbish or other things deposited, or proposed to be deposited, in the street; or iii scaffolding or other structures which are erected, or proposed to be erected, in the street, as may be prescribed. 3 After subsection (4) there is inserted— 4A In subsection (4) “ central register ” means a register covering the areas of two or more street authorities. 4 After subsection (5) there is inserted— 5A In particular the Secretary of State may require a street authority to share information in their possession with a person appointed to keep a central register which discharges the duties of that authority under this section. Records of location of apparatus 46 1 Section 79 of the 1991 Act (records of location of apparatus) is amended as follows. 2 After subsection (1) there is inserted— 1A An undertaker may, except in such cases as may be prescribed, include in his records under subsection (1) a record of the location of any item of apparatus belonging to him which is not required to be so included, stating the nature of the apparatus and (if known) whether it is for the time being in use. 3 After subsection (2) there is inserted— 2A Regulations under subsection (2) which alter the form or manner in which the records are to be kept may apply to records made before (as well as records made after) the alterations take effect. 4 After subsection (3) there is inserted— 3A In subsections (2) to (3) the references to an undertaker's records are to the records kept by him under subsection (1) (including anything included in those records by virtue of any provision of this Act or any other enactment). Duties relating to the location of unexpected apparatus 47 1 Section 80 of the 1991 Act (duties where person finds unidentified apparatus) is amended as follows. 2 In subsection (1) for “made available by the undertaker” there is substituted “ kept by the undertaker under section 79(1) and made available by him ” . 3 After subsection (1) there is inserted— 1A Subsection (1) has effect subject to such exceptions as may be prescribed. 4 For subsections (2) and (3) there is substituted— 2 Where a person executing works of any description in the street finds apparatus which does not belong to him and is unable, after taking such steps as are reasonably practicable, to ascertain to whom the apparatus belongs, he shall comply with such requirements (if any) as may be prescribed for the purpose of securing that he— a makes and keeps a record of the location of the apparatus and (so far as appears from external inspection) its nature and whether it is in use; and b informs the street authority or any other person of those matters. 2A Regulations under subsection (2) may make provision— a as to the form and manner in which records are to be kept; b as to the form and manner in which, or the time at or by which, information is to be given; and c for records which are to be kept by undertakers to be included in the records kept by them under section 79(1). 5 In subsection (4) for “(2)” there is substituted “ any requirement imposed on him by regulations under subsection (2) ” . 6 After subsection (4) there is added— 5 The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision for and in connection with the keeping (whether by the Secretary of State or a person with whom he has made appropriate arrangements) of a register of information recorded by undertakers in pursuance of a requirement imposed under subsection (2). 6 Regulations under subsection (5) may make provision about the inspection of the register by any person having authority to execute works of any description in the street or otherwise appearing to the person responsible for keeping the register to have a sufficient interest. Duty to inspect records 48 After section 53 of the 1991 Act (the street works register) there is inserted— Duty to inspect records 53A 1 The Secretary of State may make provision by regulations requiring an undertaker proposing to execute street works of a prescribed description to inspect prescribed statutory records before commencing the street works. 2 The regulations may provide for the manner in which an inspection of any statutory records is to be carried out. 3 The regulations may prescribe evidence which may be relied on by the undertaker to demonstrate that he has carried out an inspection required by the regulations. 4 The regulations may in particular require the undertaker— a to be in possession of prescribed evidence before commencing the street works; and b to produce, in such manner as may be prescribed, prescribed evidence to the street authority either at the request of the authority or at or by such time as may be prescribed. 5 The regulations may provide for the cases or circumstances in which a requirement under subsection (1) or (4) does or does not apply. 6 The regulations may create a summary offence, punishable with a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale, in respect of any contravention by an undertaker of a requirement of the regulations. 7 In this section “ statutory record ” means any register or other record kept in pursuance of a requirement imposed by— a an enactment; or b a licence or other instrument having effect under or by virtue of an enactment. Miscellaneous Notices of street works 49 1 In section 54 of the 1991 Act (advance notice of certain works)— a in subsection (3) for “contain such” there is substituted “ state the date on which it is proposed to begin the works and shall contain such other ” ; b after subsection (4) there is inserted— 4A If an undertaker who has given advance notice under this section has not, before the starting date specified in the notice, given to the street authority a notice under section 55 in respect of the works, he shall within such period as may be prescribed give to that authority a notice containing such information as may be prescribed. 4B An advance notice under this section shall cease to have effect in relation to the proposed works (so that subsection (1) applies again in relation to the works) if those works are not substantially begun before the end of such period beginning with the starting date specified in the notice as may be prescribed, or such further period as the street authority may allow. 4C Different periods may be prescribed under subsection (4B) for different descriptions of works. 2 In section 55 of that Act (notice of starting date of works) after subsection (7) there is inserted— 8 If a notice under this section ceases to have effect the undertaker shall, within such period as may be prescribed, give a notice containing such information as may be prescribed to those to whom the notice under this section was required to be given. 9 An undertaker who fails to give notice in accordance with subsection (8) commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 4 on the standard scale. 3 In section 93 of that Act (works affecting level crossings or tramways) in subsection (2) for “(7)” there is substituted “ (9) ” . Qualifications of supervisors and operatives 50 1 Section 67 of the 1991 Act (qualifications of supervisors and operatives) is amended as follows. 2 After subsection (1) there is inserted— 1A A street authority may (unless the case is one excepted from subsection (1)) by notice require an undertaker executing street works— a to notify them of the name of— i the person who is currently the qualified supervisor required by subsection (1); and ii each person who has previously been the qualified supervisor so required; and b to provide them with such evidence of the requisite qualification of each person named as may be prescribed. 3 After subsection (2) there is inserted— 2A A street authority may (unless the case is one excepted from subsection (2)) by notice require an undertaker executing street works— a to notify them of the name of— i a person whose presence on site at any time specified in the notice (being a time when the works were in progress) enabled the undertaker to comply with his duty under subsection (2); or ii each person whose presence on site during the progress of the works enabled the undertaker to comply with his duty in subsection (2); and b to provide them with such evidence of the requisite qualification of each person named as may be prescribed. 2B A notice under subsection (1A) or (2A) may be given at any time while the works are being executed or within such period after their completion as may be prescribed. 2C The undertaker shall comply with a notice under subsection (1A) or (2A) within such period as may be prescribed. 4 In subsection (3) for “or (2)” there is substituted “ , (2) or (2C) ” . 5 In subsection (4), after paragraph (b) there is inserted and c the form of any document to be issued by an approved body to certify or otherwise show that a qualification has been conferred on any person. Restriction on works following substantial road works 51 1 Section 58 of the 1991 Act (restriction on works following substantial road works) is amended as specified in subsections (2) to (8). 2 In subsection (1), for the words “twelve months” there is substituted “ prescribed period ” . 3 In subsection (2), after “prescribed” there is inserted “ form and ” and for “three months” there is substituted “ such period as may be prescribed ” . 4 In subsection (3) after paragraph (e) there is inserted and f any other person of a prescribed description; (and the word “and” after paragraph (d) is omitted). 5 In subsection (4), for paragraphs (a) and (b) there is substituted “ within such period as may be prescribed ” . 6 In subsection (6), at the beginning of paragraph (b) there is inserted “ if he is convicted of an offence under this subsection ” . 7 In subsection (7), for “by arbitration” there is substituted “ in the prescribed manner ” . 8 After that subsection there is inserted— 7A Regulations under subsection (7) may in particular make provision for the question referred to in that subsection to be settled— a by arbitration; b by a person designated by the Secretary of State on appeal by the undertaker. 9 In section 55 of the 1991 Act (notice of starting date of works), in subsection (2), after “works,” there is inserted “ or in cases where the undertaker has been given notice under section 58(1), ” . Restriction on works following substantial street works 52 1 After section 58 of the 1991 Act there is inserted— Restriction on works following substantial street works 58A Schedule 3A shall have effect. 2 After Schedule 3 to that Act there is inserted Schedule 3A as set out in Schedule 4 to this Act. 3 In section 57 of that Act (notice of emergency works)— a in subsection (1) after “works)” there is inserted “ or paragraph 2(1)(d) or 3(1) of Schedule 3A (notification of proposed works or directions as to timings of works) ” ; b in subsection (2) after “is” there is inserted “ (or would, but for paragraph 2(6) of Schedule 3A, be) ” . 4 In section 64 of that Act (traffic-sensitive streets) in subsection (1) after “works)” there is inserted “ or paragraph 2 of Schedule 3A ” . 5 In section 74 of that Act (charge for occupation of highway where works unreasonably prolonged)in subsection (3)(b) after “date)” there is inserted “ or notification under paragraph 2(1)(d) of Schedule 3A (notification of proposed works) ” . 6 In section 88 of that Act (provisions relating to bridges)in subsection (4) after “date)” there is inserted “ , or making a notification under paragraph 2(1)(d) of Schedule 3A (notification of proposed works), ” . 7 In section 89 of that Act (provisions relating to sewers)in subsection (2) after “date)” there is inserted “ , or making a notification under paragraph 2(1)(d) of Schedule 3A (notification of proposed works), ” . Notices requiring remedial works relating to reinstatements 53 1 In section 72 of the 1991 Act (powers of street authority in relation to reinstatement)— a in subsection (3), for “of not less than 7 working days” there is substituted “ , not being less than such period as may be prescribed, ” ; and b after subsection (3) there is inserted— 3A Different minimum periods may be prescribed under subsection (3) for different descriptions of remedial works; and cases may be prescribed in which no minimum period applies. 2 In section 90 of the 1991 Act (powers of street authority in relation to reinstatement of sewers, etc.)— a in subsection (2), for “of not less than 7 working days” there is substituted “ , not being less than such period as may be prescribed, ” ; and b after subsection (2) there is inserted— 2A Different minimum periods may be prescribed under subsection (2) for different descriptions of remedial works; and cases may be prescribed in which no minimum period applies. Duty to notify street authority of reinstatement 54 1 Section 70 of the 1991 Act (duty of undertaker to reinstate) is amended as follows. 2 After subsection (1) there is inserted— 1A The reinstatement required by subsection (1) may be permanent or interim. 3 For subsections (3) and (4) there is substituted— 3 He shall within 7 working days from the date on which the reinstatement is completed give notice to the street authority of that completion— a stating whether the reinstatement is permanent or interim; and b giving such other information about the reinstatement as may be prescribed. 4 If the reinstatement is interim, he shall complete the permanent reinstatement of the street as soon as reasonably practicable, and in any event within 6 months from the date on which the interim reinstatement was completed. 4A He shall, within 7 working days from the date on which the permanent reinstatement required by subsection (4) is completed, give notice to the street authority of that completion, giving such other information about the reinstatement as may be prescribed. 4B The Secretary of State may by regulations modify the period specified in subsection (3), (4) or (4A). Power of street authority to require undertaker to re-surface street 55 1 After section 73 of the 1991 Act there is inserted— Re-surfacing Power to require undertaker to re-surface street 73A 1 In prescribed circumstances, the street authority for a street may by notice (a “re-surfacing notice”) require an undertaker within subsection (2) to execute such re-surfacing works in the street as may be specified in the notice. 2 An undertaker is within this subsection if— a he has given notice under section 54 or 55 of, or made a notification under paragraph 2(1)(d) of Schedule 3A in respect of, proposed street works, b he is executing street works, or c he has, within such period ending with the giving of the notice as may be prescribed (or if no period is prescribed, at any time), executed street works, and the works will involve, involve or (as the case may be) involved the breaking up of any part of the street. 3 The works specified in the re-surfacing notice may relate to any part of the street (including any part not, and not to be, broken up by the undertaker); but regulations may restrict the extent of the works that may be so specified. 4 The re-surfacing notice relieves the undertaker to the extent (if any) specified in the notice of his duty under section 70 to reinstate the surface of the street; but regulations may restrict the circumstances in which and the extent to which undertakers may be relieved of that duty. 5 The street authority may by notice to the undertaker vary or withdraw a re-surfacing notice; but regulations may restrict the circumstances in which notices may be varied or withdrawn. 6 A street authority may give a re-surfacing notice notwithstanding that the authority (in any capacity) are under a duty to undertake any of the works specified in the notice. 7 In this Part— “ re-surfacing notice ” has the meaning given by subsection (1); “ re-surfacing works ” means any works relating to the replacement of the surface of any part of a street; “ surface ” includes a paved surface. 8 The reference in subsection (2)(c) to the execution of street works is a reference to the execution of such works after the commencement of this section (whether or not regulations under it have been made). Power to specify timing etc. of re-surfacing 73B 1 A re-surfacing notice may require an undertaker to— a execute the works specified in the notice in stages so specified; b begin the execution of those works (or any stage of them) at or by a date and time so specified; c execute those works (or any stage of them) at times or on days (or at times on days) so specified; d complete the execution of those works (or any stage of them) by a date and time so specified. 2 The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision restricting, in some or all cases, the power to include requirements within subsection (1), including provision that— a requires a street authority to consult an undertaker before a prescribed description of requirement is included in a notice; b provides that any date specified in a notice for the beginning, execution or completion of works shall not be earlier than a prescribed period from the date on which the notice is given. Materials, workmanship and standard of re-surfacing 73C 1 An undertaker who has been given a re-surfacing notice shall, when executing the works specified in the notice, comply with such requirements as may be prescribed as to the specification of materials to be used and the standards of workmanship to be observed. 2 He shall also ensure that the new surface conforms to such performance standards as may be prescribed, for the prescribed period after completion of the works. 2 In section 106 of that Act— a after the entry for relevant authority (in relation to street works) there is inserted— re-surfacing notice section 73A(7) re-surfacing works section 73A(7) ; b after the entry for street works licence there is inserted— surface section 73A(7) . Re-surfacing: regulations and guidance 56 After section 73C of the 1991 Act there is inserted— Re-surfacing: regulations 73D 1 The Secretary of State may make regulations supplementing sections 73A to 73C. 2 The regulations may in particular— a make provision about the information to be contained in a re-surfacing notice (including the way in which re-surfacing works are to be described); b prescribe, for cases where a re-surfacing notice may be given to more than one undertaker, the matters that a street authority shall take into account when selecting the undertaker to whom the notice is to be given; c impose a requirement on an undertaker, in prescribed circumstances, to give notice to the street authority of a prescribed event; d prescribe circumstances in which an undertaker may elect to make a payment to the street authority instead of executing the works specified in a re-surfacing notice, and make provision about the calculation of the amount of such payments; e confer a right of review or appeal against a re-surfacing notice or any requirement contained in it, and may make provision about the period within which and manner in which any such right may be exercised and about the determination of appeals and the persons who may determine them; f require disputes of a prescribed description (including disputes as to the existence of circumstances prescribed under section 73A(1)) to be determined in such manner and by such persons as may be prescribed; g apply any provisions of this Part or the Highways Act 1980 (c. 66), with or without modifications, in relation to works specified in a re-surfacing notice (and provide that for those purposes the works are to be treated as street works or works of any other description). 3 The regulations may provide that where a re-surfacing notice has been served on an undertaker, the street authority may (in such circumstances and to such extent as may be prescribed) by notice relieve any other undertaker within section 73A(2) of his duty under section 70 to reinstate the surface of the street. 4 The regulations may create in respect of any breach of a requirement imposed by a re-surfacing notice or of the duty imposed by section 73C, or any contravention of the regulations, an offence punishable on summary conviction— a where the offence consists of a failure to give a notice in accordance with the regulations, with a fine not exceeding level 4 on the standard scale; b in any other case, with a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale. 5 The first regulations under this section or any of sections 73A to 73C shall not be made unless a draft of them has been laid before and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament; subsequent regulations shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. Re-surfacing: guidance 73E 1 The Secretary of State may, for the purposes of sections 73A to 73D (including regulations under those sections), issue or approve a code of practice giving practical guidance as to the exercise of powers and the discharge of duties under those sections. 2 In exercising those powers and in discharging those duties, street authorities and undertakers shall have regard to the code of practice. Contributions to costs of re-surfacing by undertaker 57 1 After section 78 of the 1991 Act there is inserted— Contributions to costs of re-surfacing by undertaker 78A 1 Where a street authority has given a re-surfacing notice to an undertaker (A)— a the authority shall pay to A a proportion, calculated in the prescribed manner, of the costs reasonably incurred by A in executing the works specified in the notice; b an undertaker to whom subsection (2) applies shall pay to A a proportion, calculated in the prescribed manner, of those costs. 2 This subsection applies to an undertaker if— a he has, after the commencement of this section (whether or not regulations under it have been made) and before the completion of the works specified in the notice, executed street works which involved the breaking up of any part of a street, and b the works specified in the notice include the re-surfacing of that part of the street. 3 The Secretary of State may by regulations prescribe exceptions to the duty imposed by subsection (1)(b). 4 The payments referred to in subsection (1) shall be made in such instalments and manner, and within such period of such event, as may be prescribed. 5 The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision— a requiring a street authority, within such period of such event as may be prescribed, to give to an undertaker to whom subsection (2) applies a notice containing such information as may be prescribed; b requiring a street authority to pay to an undertaker to whom it has given a re-surfacing notice such sum as he has been unable to recover under subsection (1)(b) on account of the insolvency of an undertaker; c requiring disputes of a prescribed description (including disputes as to whether subsection (2) applies to an undertaker) to be determined in such manner and by such persons as may be prescribed. 6 For the purposes of this section, any costs incurred by an undertaker (including any costs of a street authority which are borne by the undertaker) in consequence of a failure by the undertaker to comply with any duty under this Part shall be treated as having been incurred unreasonably. 7 The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision requiring undertakers to make payments to a street authority where— a the authority has given a re-surfacing notice to an undertaker, b that undertaker has exercised a right, conferred by regulations under section 73D, of the sort mentioned in subsection (2)(d) of that section, and c the authority has carried out any of the works specified in the notice. 8 The power in subsection (7) includes power to make provision corresponding to provision that may be made under subsections (1) to (5). 9 Regulations under this section may make different provision for cases where an undertaker mentioned in subsection (1) or (7) has made, or is liable to make, a payment under section 78. 10 The first regulations under this section shall not be made unless a draft of them has been laid before and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament; subsequent regulations shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. 11 In subsection (5)(b) “insolvency”— a in relation to a company, has the meaning given by section 247(1) of the Insolvency Act 1986; b in relation to an individual, includes the approval of a voluntary arrangement under Part 8 of that Act. 2 In section 96 of the 1991 Act, in subsection (3), after “street)” there is inserted “ or 78A (contributions to costs of re-surfacing by undertakers) ” . Inspection fees 58 1 In section 72 of the 1991 Act (powers of street authority in relation to reinstatement) after subsection (2) there is inserted— 2A The Secretary of State may prescribe a fee in respect of a prescribed description of inspection mentioned in subsection (2). If he does so that subsection has effect, in relation to that description of inspection, as if for “he shall bear the cost of” there were substituted “ he shall pay the prescribed fee in respect of ” . 2B The power to make different provision under subsection (2A) for different cases includes power— a to make different provision for different descriptions of street authority or undertakers; b to prescribe different fees by reference to the nature or extent of the inspection, the place where it is carried out and such other factors as appear to the Secretary of State to be relevant. 2 For section 75 of that Act (inspection fees) there is substituted— Inspection fees 75 1 The Secretary of State may make provision by regulations requiring an undertaker to pay to the street authority the prescribed fee in respect of— a all inspections carried out by the authority of his street works; or b such inspections of those works as may be prescribed. 2 The regulations may— a require undertakers to make payments in respect of inspections anticipated to take place within a prescribed period; and b make provision for the striking of an account between an undertaker and a street authority and the making of any necessary payment or repayment. 3 The power to make different provision under this section for different cases includes power— a to make different provision for different descriptions of street authority or different descriptions of undertakers (including descriptions framed by reference to their previous performance); b to prescribe different fees by reference to the nature or extent of the excavation or other works, the place where they are executed and such other factors as appear to the Secretary of State to be relevant. 4 The reference in subsection (3)(a) to the previous performance of an undertaker is to the performance of the undertaker, during such period as may be prescribed, as respects such description of his duties under this Part as may be prescribed. 5 The regulations may require disputes of any prescribed description to be determined by arbitration. 6 Nothing in this section applies to inspections in respect of which the undertaker is obliged to bear the cost, or pay the prescribed fee, under section 72(2) (inspections consequent on failure to comply with duties as to reinstatement). Guidance about inspections 59 After section 73E of the 1991 Act (as inserted by section 56 above) there is inserted— Inspections Guidance about street authority inspections 73F 1 The Secretary of State may issue or approve guidance to street authorities about any matter relating to the exercise by them of any power to carry out inspections of street works. 2 In exercising their powers to carry out such inspections a street authority shall have regard to any guidance issued or approved under this section. 3 In this section any reference to inspections includes the carrying out of investigatory works. Part 5 Highways and roads Strategic roads in London Strategic roads in London: initial designation by Secretary of State 60 1 The Secretary of State may by order made by statutory instrument designate roads and proposed roads in Greater London, other than roads for which the Secretary of State , a strategic highways company or Transport for London is the traffic authority, as strategic roads for the purposes of— a section 301A of the 1980 Act, and b section 121B of the 1984 Act. 2 Any road or proposed road so designated shall become a strategic road as from such date as may be specified in the order. 3 No order under subsection (1) may be made in respect of a road or proposed road in a London borough if an order under that subsection has been made in respect of any other road or proposed road in that borough. 4 In this section and section 61— a “ road ” means any length of highway or of any other road to which the public has access, and includes bridges over which a road passes; aa strategic highways company” means a company for the time being appointed under Part 1 of the Infrastructure Act 2015; b “ strategic road ” means a road which is for the time being a strategic road by virtue of an order under subsection (1) or section 61(1); c “ traffic authority ” has the same meaning as in the 1984 Act. 5 For the purposes of this section and section 61— a the City of London shall be treated as if it were a London borough; b the Common Council shall be treated as if it were the council for a London borough; c the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple shall be treated as forming part of the City. 6 In this Part— “ the 1980 Act ” means the Highways Act 1980 (c. 66); “ the 1984 Act ” means the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27). 7 A statutory instrument containing an order under this section is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. Orders of the Greater London Authority changing what are strategic roads 61 1 If the Mayor of London considers it expedient that any road or proposed road in Greater London, other than a road for which the Secretary of State , a strategic highways company or Transport for London is the traffic authority, should become a strategic road then the Greater London Authority may by order direct that the road or proposed road shall become a strategic road. 2 Subject to subsection (3), an order under subsection (1) takes effect on such date as may be specified in the order. 3 An order under subsection (1) is of no effect unless— a it is made with the consent of the council for the London borough in which the road is situated (or proposed road is to be situated), or b if that consent is refused, it is confirmed (with or without modifications) by the Secretary of State. 4 If the Mayor considers it expedient that any strategic road should cease to be such a road then the Greater London Authority may by order direct that the road shall cease to be such a road. 5 An order under subsection (4) takes effect on such date as may be specified in the order. 6 The functions of the Greater London Authority under this section are functions exercisable by the Mayor acting on its behalf. 7 Section 124C of the 1984 Act (certification and records) applies in relation to strategic roads as it applies in relation to GLA side roads. London borough council exercising powers under Highways Act 1980 so as to affect strategic roads 62 1 Section 301A of the 1980 Act (London borough council exercising powers under that Act so as to affect certain roads) is amended as follows. 2 In subsection (1)— a at the end of paragraph (a) there is inserted— aa a strategic road, ; b in paragraph (b), after “borough” there is inserted “ other than a GLA road or strategic road ” . 3 In subsection (3)(a), for the words from “by Transport for London” to the end there is substituted — i in the case of a GLA road, by Transport for London; ii in the case of a strategic road, by Transport for London and, where the road concerned is in another London borough, the council for that borough; iii in the case of a road within subsection (1)(b), by the London borough council concerned; or . 4 After subsection (3) there is inserted— 3A References in paragraphs (b) to (d) of subsection (3) to objections are to objections made by a person who, in the circumstances, has the power to give an approval under paragraph (a) of that subsection. 5 In subsection (5)(a), for the words from “a GLA road” to the end there is substituted — i a GLA road, ii a strategic road, or iii a road in another London borough other than a GLA road or strategic road, and . 6 In subsection (10)— a in paragraph (b), at the end there is inserted “ or strategic roads ” ; b in paragraph (c), for “neither GLA roads nor” there is substituted “ not GLA roads, strategic roads or ” . 7 After subsection (16) there is inserted— 17 In this section “ strategic road ” has the meaning given by section 60 of the Traffic Management Act 2004. London borough council exercising powers under Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 so as to affect strategic roads 63 1 Section 121B of the 1984 Act (London borough council exercising powers under that Act so as to affect certain roads) is amended as follows. 2 In subsection (1)— a at the end of paragraph (a) there is inserted— aa a strategic road, ; b in paragraph (b), after “borough” there is inserted “ other than a GLA road or strategic road ” . 3 In subsection (3)(a), for the words from “by Transport for London” to the end there is substituted — i in the case of a GLA road, by Transport for London; ii in the case of a strategic road, by Transport for London and, where the road concerned is in another London borough, the council for that borough; iii in the case of a road within subsection (1)(b), by the London borough council concerned; or . 4 After subsection (3) there is inserted— 3A References in paragraphs (b) to (d) of subsection (3) to objections are to objections made by a person who, in the circumstances, has the power to give an approval under paragraph (a) of that subsection. 5 In subsection (5)(a), for the words from “a GLA road” to the end there is substituted — i a GLA road, ii a strategic road, or iii a road in another London borough other than a GLA road or strategic road, and . 6 In subsection (10)— a in paragraph (b), at the end there is inserted “ or strategic roads ” ; b in paragraph (c), for “neither GLA roads nor” there is substituted “ not GLA roads, strategic roads or ” . 7 After subsection (12) there is inserted— 13 In this section “ strategic road ” has the meaning given by section 60 of the Traffic Management Act 2004. Enforcement of certain offences under the Highways Act 1980 Fixed penalty offences under the Highways Act 1980 64 1 After section 314 of the 1980 Act (offences by body corporate) there is inserted— Fixed penalties for certain offences under Part 9 314A 1 A fixed penalty offence is any offence under Part 9 which— a is listed in the first column in Schedule 22A (and described in general terms in the second column), and b is prescribed in regulations made by the Secretary of State. 2 Offences listed in that Schedule which are committed by virtue of section 314 (offences committed by bodies corporate, etc.) are not fixed penalty offences. 3 Schedule 22B (which makes provision about fixed penalties for fixed penalty offences) has effect. 4 Regulations under subsection (1)(b) may— a make provision for Greater London different from that made for the rest of England; b make consequential provision (including provision disapplying sections 8 to 11 of, and Schedule 2 to, the London Local Authorities and Transport for London Act 2003 in relation to any offence prescribed in such regulations); c make transitional provision. 2 In section 322(5) of that Act (service of notices etc.), after paragraph (a) there is inserted— ab a notice under Schedule 22B to this Act; . 3 After Schedule 22 to that Act there is inserted Schedules 22A and 22B as set out in Schedules 5 and 6 to this Act. 4 In the New Roads and Street Works Act 1991 (c. 22), in section 97 (service of notices etc.) after subsection (2) there is inserted— 3 References in this section to notices authorised to be given or served for the purposes of this Part include a reference to notices under Schedule 22B to the Highways Act 1980 (fixed penalties for certain offences under that Act). 5 In the London Local Authorities and Transport for London Act 2003 (c. iii), in section 11 (fixed penalties: reserve powers of Secretary of State) after subsection (6) there is inserted— 7 The Secretary of State may make regulations increasing the level of fixed penalty under this Act in respect of an offence listed in Schedule 22A to the Highways Act 1980 (as well as Schedule 4 to this Act). 8 While regulations under subsection (7) are in force in respect of an offence, the borough councils and Transport for London may not set the level of fixed penalty in respect of that offence below that set by the regulations. Records of objects placed in highway Duty of strategic highways company or local highway authority to keep records of objects in highway 65 1 The appropriate national authority may by regulations made by statutory instrument require a strategic highways company or a local highway authority to make and keep a record of the location of any object of a description specified in the regulations which has been placed by that company or that authority in a street. 2 Regulations under this section may include provision— a as to the form in which a record is to be made; b as to supplementary information to be included in a record; c requiring a record to be made available for inspection. 3 The reference in subsection (1) to an object placed in a street includes an object placed under, over, across, along or upon a street. 4 In this section— “ appropriate national authority ” means— the Secretary of State, in relation to strategic highways companies or local highway authorities in England; the National Assembly for Wales, in relation to local highway authorities in Wales; “ local highway authority ” has the same meaning as in the 1980 Act; “ strategic highways company ” means a company for the time being appointed under Part 1 of the Infrastructure Act 2015; “ street ” has the same meaning as in Part 3 of the New Roads and Street Works Act 1991. 5 A statutory instrument containing regulations under this section made by the Secretary of State is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. Skips, scaffolding, building materials and excavations: charges for occupation of highway etc. Builders' skips: charge for occupation of highway for unreasonable period 66 For section 140A of the 1980 Act there is substituted— Builders' skips: charge for occupation of highway for unreasonable period 140A 1 The Secretary of State may make provision by regulations requiring the owner of a builder's skip deposited on a highway maintainable at the public expense to pay a charge to the highway authority where the period for which the skip remains in the highway exceeds— a such period as may be prescribed, and b a reasonable period. 2 For this purpose “ a reasonable period ” means such period as is agreed by the authority and the owner of the skip to be reasonable or, in default of such agreement, is determined by arbitration to be reasonable in the circumstances. 3 In default of agreement, the authority's view as to what is a reasonable period shall be acted upon pending the decision of the arbitrator. 4 The regulations may prescribe exemptions from the requirement to pay charges. 5 The regulations may provide— a that in prescribed circumstances (including in particular where any person makes an application for permission under section 139) the owner of the skip shall give to the authority, in such manner and within such period as may be prescribed, notice containing an estimate of the likely duration of the occupation of the highway, and b that the period stated in the notice shall be taken to be agreed by the authority to be reasonable unless the authority give notice, in such manner and within such period as may be prescribed, objecting to the estimate. 6 The regulations may also provide— a that in prescribed circumstances the owner of the skip shall give to the authority, in such manner and within such period as may be prescribed, notice containing a revised estimate of the likely duration of the occupation of the highway, and b that upon the notice being given any previous agreement to or determination of a reasonable period ceases to have effect, and the period stated in the notice shall be taken to be agreed by the authority to be reasonable unless the authority give notice, in such manner and within such period as may be prescribed, objecting to the revised estimate. 7 The amount of the charge shall be determined in such manner as may be prescribed by reference to the period for which the highway is occupied by the skip. 8 The regulations may prescribe different rates of charge according to— a the extent to which the skip occupies the highway; b the place and time of the occupation; c such other factors as appear to the Secretary of State to be relevant. 9 The regulations may provide— a that the authority are to set the rate of charge, up to a prescribed maximum, and b that different rates of charge may be set according to such factors as the authority consider relevant. 10 The regulations may make provision for the determination of the duration of the occupation of the highway for the purposes of the regulations. 11 And they may, in particular, make provision for an occupation to be treated as beginning or ending on the giving of, or as stated in, a notice given by the owner of the skip to the authority, in the prescribed manner, in accordance with a requirement imposed by the regulations. 12 The regulations may make provision requiring the owner of the skip to provide the authority, in such manner and within such period as may be prescribed, with such information as the authority may specify in a notice to that person, being information required for the purposes of— a determining whether a charge is payable by him; b calculating the amount of any charge payable by him. 13 The regulations may make provision as to the time and manner of making payment of charges. 14 The regulations shall provide that a highway authority may reduce the amount, or waive payment, of a charge— a in any particular case, b in such classes of case as they may decide or as may be prescribed, or c in all cases or in all cases other than a particular case or such class of case as they may decide or as may be prescribed. 15 The regulations may make provision as to— a the application by local highway authorities of sums paid by way of charges, and b the keeping of accounts, and the preparation and publication of statements of account, relating to sums paid by way of charges. 16 The regulations may create in respect of any failure to give a notice, or to provide information, required by the regulations a criminal offence triable summarily and punishable with a fine not exceeding level 4 on the standard scale. 17 The regulations may provide that where a skip is the subject of a prescribed description of hiring agreement or hire purchase agreement, the person in possession of the skip under the agreement is for the purposes of the regulations to be treated as the owner of the skip. 18 The regulations may make provision about their application to a series of deposits of skips. 19 And they may, in particular, provide that a series of deposits of skips is to be treated as a single deposit of a skip— a beginning at the time the first in the series was deposited, and b ending at the time the last in the series was removed. 20 In this section— “builder's skip“ has the meaning given by section 139(11); “ prescribed ” means prescribed by the Secretary of State by regulations, which may make different provision for different cases. Builders' skips: charge determined by reference to duration of occupation of highway 67 After section 140A of the 1980 Act there is inserted— Builders' skips: charge determined by reference to duration of occupation of highway 140B 1 The Secretary of State may make provision by regulations requiring the owner of a builder's skip deposited on a highway maintainable at the public expense to pay to the highway authority a charge determined, in the prescribed manner, by reference to the period for which the highway is occupied by the skip. 2 The regulations shall not require charges to be paid to a local highway authority unless the Secretary of State has, by order, approved the authority for the purposes of the regulations. 3 The regulations may require disputes of any prescribed description to be referred to an arbitrator appointed in accordance with the regulations. 4 Subsections (4) and (8) to (20) of section 140A apply in relation to regulations under subsection (1) of this section as they apply in relation to regulations under subsection (1) of that section. Scaffolding, building materials and excavations: charge for occupation of highway for unreasonable period 68 For section 171A of the 1980 Act there is substituted— Scaffolding, building materials and excavations: charge for occupation of highway for unreasonable period 171A 1 The Secretary of State may make provision by regulations requiring a person who— a erects a relevant structure on or over a highway maintainable at the public expense, b deposits building materials, rubbish or other things in such a highway, or c makes a temporary excavation in such a highway, to pay a charge to the highway authority in the circumstances set out in subsection (3). 2 The reference in subsection (1)(a) to the erection of a relevant structure is a reference to the erection, in connection with any building or demolition work or the alteration, repair, maintenance or cleaning of any building, of any scaffolding or other structure that obstructs the highway. 3 The circumstances are that the period (in this section, the “relevant period”) for which— a a relevant structure is on or over the highway, b things are deposited in the highway, or (as the case may be) c there is an excavation in the highway, exceeds both the prescribed period and a reasonable period. 4 For this purpose “ a reasonable period ” means such period as is agreed by the authority and the person to be reasonable or, in default of such agreement, is determined by arbitration to be reasonable in the circumstances. 5 In default of agreement, the authority's view as to what is a reasonable period shall be acted upon pending the decision of the arbitrator. 6 The regulations may prescribe exemptions from the requirement to pay charges. 7 The regulations may provide— a that in prescribed circumstances (including in particular where an application is made for a licence under section 169 or consent under section 171) a person who intends to do or who does an activity mentioned in subsection (1)(a) to (c) shall give to the authority, in such manner and within such period as may be prescribed, notice containing an estimate of the likely duration of the relevant period, and b that the period stated in the notice shall be taken to be agreed by the authority to be reasonable unless the authority give notice, in such manner and within such period as may be prescribed, objecting to the estimate. 8 The regulations may also provide— a that in prescribed circumstances a person who has given a notice of a type mentioned in subsection (7) shall give to the authority, in such manner and within such period as may be prescribed, notice containing a revised estimate of the likely duration of the relevant period, and b that upon the notice being given any previous agreement to or determination of a reasonable period ceases to have effect, and the period stated in the notice shall be taken to be agreed by the authority to be reasonable unless the authority give notice, in such manner and within such period as may be prescribed, objecting to the revised estimate. 9 The amount of the charge shall be determined in such manner as may be prescribed by reference to the relevant period. 10 The regulations may prescribe different rates of charge according to— a the extent to which the highway is affected by the structure, things deposited or excavation; b the place and time at which the highway is so affected; c such other factors as appear to the Secretary of State to be relevant. 11 The regulations may provide— a that the authority are to set the rate of charge, up to a prescribed maximum, and b that different rates of charge may be set according to such factors as the authority consider relevant. 12 The regulations may make provision for the determination of the duration of the relevant period for the purposes of the regulations. 13 And they may, in particular, make provision for the relevant period to be treated as beginning or ending on the giving of, or as stated in, a notice given by the person mentioned in subsection (1) to the authority, in the prescribed manner, in accordance with a requirement imposed by the regulations. 14 The regulations may make provision requiring a person who does an activity mentioned in subsection (1)(a) to (c) to provide the authority, in such manner and within such period as may be prescribed, with such information as the authority may specify in a notice to that person, being information required for the purposes of— a determining whether a charge is payable by him; b calculating the amount of any charge payable by him. 15 The regulations may make provision as to the time and manner of making payment of charges. 16 The regulations shall provide that a highway authority may reduce the amount, or waive payment, of a charge— a in any particular case, b in such classes of case as they may decide or as may be prescribed, or c in all cases or in all cases other than a particular case or such class of case as they may decide or as may be prescribed. 17 The regulations may make provision as to— a the application by local highway authorities of sums paid by way of charges, and b the keeping of accounts, and the preparation and publication of statements of account, relating to sums paid by way of charges. 18 The regulations may create in respect of any failure to give a notice, or to provide information, required by the regulations a criminal offence triable summarily and punishable with a fine not exceeding level 4 on the standard scale. 19 The regulations may make provision about their application to a series of deposits of things. 20 And they may, in particular, provide that a series of deposits of things is to be treated as a single deposit of things— a beginning at the time the first in the series was deposited, and b ending at the time the last in the series was removed. 21 The regulations may make provision corresponding to that mentioned in subsections (19) and (20) in relation to the erection of relevant structures and the making of excavations. 22 In this section “ prescribed ” means prescribed by the Secretary of State by regulations, which may make different provision for different cases. Scaffolding, building materials and excavations: charge determined by reference to duration of occupation of highway 69 After section 171A of the 1980 Act there is inserted— Scaffolding, building materials and excavations: charge determined by reference to duration of occupation of highway 171B 1 The Secretary of State may make provision by regulations requiring a person who— a erects a relevant structure on or over a highway maintainable at the public expense, b deposits building materials, rubbish or other things in such a highway, or c makes a temporary excavation in such a highway, to pay a charge to the highway authority. 2 The reference in subsection (1)(a) to the erection of a relevant structure is a reference to the erection, in connection with any building or demolition work or the alteration, repair, maintenance or cleaning of any building, of any scaffolding or other structure that obstructs the highway. 3 The charge shall be determined in the prescribed manner, by reference to the period (in this section, the “relevant period”) for which— a a relevant structure is on or over the highway, b things are deposited in the highway, or (as the case may be) c there is an excavation in the highway. 4 The regulations shall not require charges to be paid to a local highway authority unless the Secretary of State has, by order, approved the authority for the purposes of the regulations. 5 The regulations may require disputes of any prescribed description to be referred to an arbitrator appointed in accordance with the regulations. 6 Subsections (6) and (10) to (22) of section 171A apply in relation to regulations under subsection (1) of this section as they apply in relation to regulations under subsection (1) of that section. Sections 66 to 69: supplementary 70 1 In section 139 of the 1980 Act, in subsection (11) for “, section 140 and section 140A” there is substituted “ and section 140 ” . 2 After section 140B of that Act there is inserted— Regulations under sections 140A and 140B 140C Nothing shall be taken to prevent the imposition of charges by both regulations under section 140A and regulations under section 140B in respect of the same builder's skip at the same time. 3 After section 171B of that Act there is inserted— Regulations under sections 171A and 171B 171C Nothing shall be taken to prevent the imposition of charges by both regulations under section 171A and regulations under section 171B in respect of the same structure, things or excavation at the same time. 4 In section 325 of that Act (provisions as to regulations), in subsection (2A)— a in paragraph (a), after “140A” there is inserted “ or 140B ” ; b for paragraphs (b) and (c) there is substituted— b the first regulations for the purposes of section 171A or 171B as they apply in relation to the erection of relevant structures, or c the first regulations for the purposes of section 171A or 171B as they apply in relation to the deposit of building materials, rubbish or other things and the making of temporary excavations, . Guidance as to safety precautions Guidance to local highway authorities as to safety precautions 71 In section 174 of the 1980 Act (precautions to be taken by persons executing works in streets), after subsection (1) there is inserted— 1A The Secretary of State may give guidance to local highway authorities as to the discharge by them of their obligations under subsection (1)(a) and (b) where they are executing works for road purposes. 1B A local highway authority must in executing any works for road purposes have regard to any guidance given under subsection (1A). 1C In subsections (1A) and (1B) “ works for road purposes ” has the same meaning as in Part 3 of the New Roads and Street Works Act 1991. Part 6 Civil enforcement of traffic contraventions Civil penalties for road traffic contraventions Civil penalties for road traffic contraventions 72 1 The appropriate national authority may make provision by regulations for or in connection with— a the imposition of penalty charges in respect of road traffic contraventions that— i are subject to civil enforcement (see section 73), and ii are committed in an area that is a civil enforcement area for contraventions of that description (see section 74), and b the payment of such penalty charges. 2 The regulations shall include provision specifying the person or persons by whom a penalty charge in respect of a contravention is to be paid (who may be the owner of the vehicle involved in the contravention, its driver at the time of the contravention or any other appropriate person). 3 The regulations shall include provision in respect of any description of conduct for which a penalty charge may be imposed— a prohibiting criminal proceedings or the issuing of a fixed penalty notice in respect of conduct of that description, or b securing that a penalty charge is not required to be paid, or is refunded, where the conduct is the subject of criminal proceedings or of a fixed penalty notice. 4 The regulations may include provision prohibiting the imposition of a penalty charge except on the basis of— a a record produced by an approved device, or b information given by a civil enforcement officer as to conduct observed by him. 5 The regulations may— a specify exemptions from penalty charges, and b make provision for discounts or surcharges, or both. Contraventions subject to civil enforcement 73 1 Schedule 7 specifies the road traffic contraventions that are subject to civil enforcement. 2 These are— a parking contraventions (see Part 1 of the Schedule); b bus lane contraventions (see Part 2 of the Schedule); c London lorry ban contraventions (see Part 3 of the Schedule); d moving traffic contraventions (see Part 4 of the Schedule). 3 Regulations under this Part of this Act may make different provision in relation to different descriptions of contravention. 4 The appropriate national authority may by regulations make such consequential amendment of Schedule 7 as appears to the authority to be required in consequence of the amendment, replacement or revocation of any provision of subordinate legislation referred to in that Schedule. Civil enforcement areas 74 1 Schedule 8 makes provision— a as to the areas that are civil enforcement areas for the purposes of different descriptions of road traffic contravention, and b as to the meaning of “ enforcement authority ” in relation to road traffic contraventions committed in a civil enforcement area. 2 In that Schedule— Part 1 makes provision for Greater London, and Part 2 makes provision for the rest of England and Wales. Power to require authority to apply for civil enforcement powers 75 1 The appropriate national authority may by notice in writing under this section (a “notice to apply”) require a local authority to make an application under paragraph 8 of Schedule 8 for an order designating the whole or part of the local authority's area as a civil enforcement area for parking contraventions. 2 The notice must specify— a the date by which the local authority is to make the application (“the application date”), b the latest date by which the application must request that the order comes into force (“the in-force date”), and c the area in respect of which the application is to be made. 3 Before giving a notice to apply the appropriate national authority must inform the local authority concerned and the appropriate chief officer of police, in writing, of its intention to give such a notice, indicating the application date, the in-force date and the area it intends to specify in the notice. 4 The local authority may make representations to the appropriate national authority to the effect— a that a notice to apply should not be given to the authority, or b that the notice should specify a different application date, a different in-force date, or a different area in respect of which the application is to be made. 5 In considering whether to give a notice to apply the appropriate national authority must have regard to the local authority's representations and take into account— a the administrative burden of creating or extending a civil enforcement area and of enforcing parking contraventions within such an area, b the financial circumstances of the local authority concerned and the likely expenses and receipts in connection with the proposed civil enforcement area, c any representations made by the appropriate chief officer of police, and d any other factors appearing to the appropriate national authority to be relevant. 6 After a notice to apply has been given, it may be modified by agreement between the appropriate national authority and the local authority concerned. Civil enforcement officers 76 1 A local authority may provide for the enforcement of road traffic contraventions for which it is the enforcement authority by individuals to be known as civil enforcement officers. 2 A civil enforcement officer must be— a an individual employed by the authority, or b where the authority have made arrangements with any person for the purposes of this section, an individual employed by that person to act as a civil enforcement officer. 3 Civil enforcement officers— a when exercising specified functions must wear such uniform as may be determined by the enforcement authority in accordance with guidelines issued by the appropriate national authority, and b must not exercise any of those functions when not in uniform. 4 In subsection (3)(a) “ specified ” means specified by regulations made by the appropriate national authority. 5 A parking attendant appointed under section 63A of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27) by a local authority that is an enforcement authority— a is a civil enforcement officer in relation to parking contraventions for which that authority is the enforcement authority, and b may be appointed a civil enforcement officer in relation to other road traffic contraventions for which they are the enforcement authority. 6 In this section “ local authority ” includes a non-metropolitan district council. Setting the level of penalty charges 77 1 Schedule 9 provides for the setting of the levels of penalty charges and certain other charges. 2 In that Schedule— Part 1 specifies the charges to which the Schedule applies, Part 2 provides for charges applicable in Greater London, and Part 3 provides for charges applicable outside Greater London. Notification, adjudication and enforcement Notification of penalty charge 78 1 The Lord Chancellor may make regulations for and in connection with the notification of penalty charges. 2 The regulations may provide for notification of a penalty charge to be given in respect of a stationary vehicle— a by a notice affixed to the vehicle, b by a notice given to a person appearing to be in charge of the vehicle, or c in such other manner as may be specified by the regulations. 3 The regulations may provide for notification of a penalty charge otherwise than in respect of a stationary vehicle to be given in such manner as may be specified by the regulations. 4 The regulations may not confer power to stop vehicles. 5 The regulations may provide that, if it appears to the enforcement authority that both the operator of a vehicle and the person in control of the vehicle are liable to a penalty charge, they may give notice to the operator requiring him to provide them with the name and address of the person who was in control of the vehicle at the time of the alleged contravention. 6 The regulations may include provision creating criminal offences to be triable summarily and punishable with a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale or such lower amount as may be specified. Notification of penalty charge: parking contraventions in England 78A 1 Regulations under section 78 must include provision requiring notification of a penalty charge to be given by a notice affixed to the vehicle where the charge is in respect of a parking contravention on a road in a civil enforcement area in England. 2 The regulations may, however, provide that the requirement does not apply in circumstances specified in the regulations (which may be framed by reference to the type of contravention, the circumstances in which a contravention occurs or in any other way) and, where the regulations so provide, they may make any such alternative provision for notification as is authorised by section 78. Immobilisation of vehicle where penalty charge payable 79 1 The appropriate national authority may make provision by regulations for or in connection with— a the fixing of an immobilisation device to a stationary vehicle found in any place where there is reason to believe the vehicle has been permitted to remain at rest there in circumstances in which a penalty charge has become payable, and b the release of the vehicle from the device only on payment of— i the penalty charge mentioned in paragraph (a), ii such unpaid earlier penalty charges relating to the vehicle as may be specified in the regulations, and iii the charge payable in respect of the release. 2 The regulations may make provision authorising— a the fixing of an immobilisation device to the vehicle while it remains in the place where it was found, or b the moving of the vehicle to another place and the fixing of an immobilisation device to it in that other place, and providing for any power of removal that was exercisable in relation to the vehicle before it was so moved to continue to be exercisable in relation to the vehicle while it remains in the place to which it was so moved. 3 The regulations may provide— a that on any occasion when an immobilisation device is fixed to a vehicle in accordance with the regulations, the person fixing the device shall also fix to the vehicle a notice— i indicating that such a device has been fixed to the vehicle and warning that no attempt should be made to drive it or otherwise put it in motion unless it has been released from the device; ii specifying the steps to be taken in order to secure its release; and iii giving such other information as may be specified by the regulations; and b that a notice fixed to a vehicle in accordance with the regulations shall not be removed or interfered with except by or under the authority of— i the owner or person in charge of the vehicle, or ii the enforcement authority, and that a person contravening that prohibition commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 2 on the standard scale. 4 The regulations may also provide— a that a vehicle to which an immobilisation device has been fixed in accordance with the regulations may only be released from the device by or under the direction of a person authorised by the enforcement authority; and b that a person who, without being authorised to do so in accordance with the regulations, removes or attempts to remove an immobilisation device fixed to a vehicle in accordance with the regulations commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale. 5 The regulations shall provide— a that an immobilisation device must not be fixed to a vehicle if a current disabled person's badge is displayed on the vehicle; and b that if, in a case in which an immobilisation device would have been fixed to a vehicle but for paragraph (a), the vehicle was not being used— i in accordance with regulations under section 21 of the Chronically Sick and Disabled Persons Act 1970 (c. 44), and ii in circumstances falling within section 117(1)(b) of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27) (use where a disabled person's concession would be available), the person in charge of the vehicle commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale. 5A The regulations shall provide— a that an immobilisation device must not be fixed to a vehicle if a current recognised badge is displayed on the vehicle; and b that if, in a case in which an immobilisation device would have been fixed to a vehicle but for paragraph (a), the vehicle was not being used— i in accordance with regulations under section 21A of the Chronically Sick and Disabled Persons Act 1970, and ii in circumstances falling within section 117(1A)(b) of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (use where a disabled person’s concession would be available by virtue of displaying a non-GB badge), the person in charge of the vehicle commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale. 6 The regulations shall also provide that an immobilisation device must not be fixed to a vehicle in a parking place in respect of a contravention consisting of, or arising out of, a failure— a to pay a parking charge with respect to the vehicle, b properly to display a ticket or parking device, or c to remove the vehicle from the parking space by the end of a period for which the appropriate charge was paid, until 15 minutes have elapsed since the giving of a notification of a penalty charge in respect of the contravention. 7 In this section— “disabled person's badge“ has the same meaning as in section 142(1) of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984; “ parking device ” means a parking device within the meaning of section 35(3B) or 51(4) of that Act; ... “ parking place ” means— a parking place designated by an order under section 45 of that Act, or an off-street parking place provided under section 32(1)(a) or 57(1)(b), or under a letting or arrangement made under section 33(4), of that Act; " recognised badge " has the meaning given by section 21A of the Chronically Sick and Disabled Persons Act 1970. Representations and appeals 80 1 The Lord Chancellor may make provision by regulations entitling a person— a who is or may be liable to pay a penalty charge, or b who secures the release of a vehicle from an immobilisation device on payment of an amount in accordance with regulations under section 79, to make representations to the enforcement authority and to appeal to an adjudicator if his representations are not accepted. 2 The regulations may make such provision in connection with the rights conferred as appears to the Lord Chancellor to be appropriate, and may in particular make provision— a requiring the authority to give a person notice of the rights conferred by the regulations, b as to the grounds on which, and time within which, representations may be made, c requiring supporting evidence in such circumstances as may be specified, d as to the duties of the authority when representations are received, e as to the circumstances in which there is a right of appeal to an adjudicator, f generally as to the making, determination and effect of, and procedure in connection with, appeals, and g enabling an adjudicator to review any decision made on, or in the course of, an appeal. 3 The regulations may provide that, as respects a ground on which representations may be made, the adjudicator's function on an appeal is to decide whether to direct the enforcement authority to consider or re-consider (as the case may be) any representations relating to that ground. 4 The regulations may include provision— a authorising an adjudicator to require a person— i to attend to give evidence at the hearing of an appeal, and ii to produce any documents in his custody or under his control relating to any matter relevant for the purposes of the appeal, and b making it a criminal offence triable summarily and punishable with a fine not exceeding level 2 on the standard scale to fail to comply with such a requirement. 5 The regulations may provide that a person who makes a representation that is false in a material particular, and does so recklessly or knowing it to be false, commits an offence triable summarily and punishable with a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale. 6 The regulations may include provision authorising an adjudicator to make an order for the payment of costs and expenses by a party to an appeal in such circumstances as may be specified. Adjudicators 81 1 The Lord Chancellor may make provision by regulations for and in connection with the appointment of adjudicators for the purposes of this Part. 2 The following provisions apply in relation to the office of adjudicator— a to be qualified for appointment as an adjudicator, a person must satisfy the judicial-appointment eligibility condition on a 5-year basis; b an adjudicator is appointed for a term, not exceeding five years, specified in his instrument of appointment; c on the expiry of a term of appointment an adjudicator is eligible for re-appointment; d an adjudicator may be removed from office only for misconduct or on the ground that he is unable or unfit to discharge his functions, but otherwise holds and vacates office in accordance with the terms of his appointment. 3 The regulations shall provide— a for adjudicators to be appointed by the relevant enforcement authorities on such terms as those authorities may decide, and b for the consent of the Lord Chancellor to be required for any decision by those authorities to appoint a person as an adjudicator; c for the consent of the Lord Chancellor and the Lord Chief Justice to be required for any decision by those authorities— i not to re-appoint a person as an adjudicator, or ii to remove a person from his office as an adjudicator. 3A The regulations may provide for the Lord Chief Justice to nominate a judicial office holder (as defined in section 109(4) of the Constitutional Reform Act 2005) to exercise any of his functions under the regulations. 4 The relevant enforcement authorities shall— a provide, or make arrangements for the provision of, accommodation and administrative staff and facilities for adjudicators, and b determine the places where adjudicators are to sit, and shall defray all the expenses of the adjudication process and, in particular, expenses in relation to the remuneration of adjudicators. 5 The regulations shall provide— a for each adjudicator to make an annual report to the relevant enforcement authorities in accordance with such requirements as may be imposed by those authorities, and b for those authorities to make and publish an annual report to the appropriate national authority on the discharge by the adjudicators of their functions. 6 In this section “ the relevant enforcement authorities ” means the authorities who are enforcement authorities for the purposes of this Part in relation to road traffic contraventions (of any description). 7 The regulations may provide for the functions of the relevant enforcement authorities under this section— a to be discharged separately for Greater London, England (outside Greater London) and Wales; b to be discharged by means of arrangements under section 101 of the Local Government Act 1972 (c. 70) (arrangements for discharge of functions by local authorities) or in such other way as the regulations may provide. 8 The regulations may make provision— a for treating adjudicators appointed before the commencement of this Part under section 73 of the Road Traffic Act 1991 (c. 40), or under regulations made under section 144 of the Transport Act 2000 (c. 38), as if they had been appointed under this section; b for continuing in force for the purposes of this section any arrangements in force immediately before the commencement of this Part for the discharge of functions corresponding to the functions of relevant enforcement authorities under this section. 9 The expenses of the relevant enforcement authorities under this section shall be defrayed by them in such proportions— a as they may decide, or b in default of a decision by them, as may be determined in accordance with regulations made— i by the Secretary of State, or ii if the functions of those authorities are discharged separately for Wales, by the appropriate national authority. 10 Regulations under subsection (9)(b) may, in particular, provide— a for the matter to be determined by an arbitrator appointed by a body specified in the regulations, and b for the giving of directions by the Secretary of State or, as the case may be, the appropriate national authority in order to secure that the matter is referred to arbitration. Enforcement of penalty charges 82 1 The Lord Chancellor may make regulations for or in connection with the enforcement of penalty charges. 2 The regulations may include provision— a creating criminal offences to be triable summarily and punishable with a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale or such lower amount as may be specified; b for amounts payable under or by virtue of any provision of this Part to be recoverable, if the county court so orders, as if they were payable under a county court order. An amount to which paragraph (b) applies that is so recoverable is referred to below as a “traffic contravention debt”. 3 The Lord Chancellor may by order make provision— a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . b as to the requirements that must be satisfied before a person takes any other step of a kind specified in the order, with a view to enforcing the payment of— i a traffic contravention debt, or ii such class or classes of traffic contravention debts as may be so specified. 4 Any such order may make such incidental and supplementary provision (including modifications of any enactment other than this Act) as the Lord Chancellor considers appropriate in consequence of the provision made by the order. 5 Any order in force immediately before the commencement of this Part under section 78(2) of the Road Traffic Act 1991 (c. 40) shall have effect after that commencement as if made under the corresponding provisions of this section and shall apply in relation to the enforcement of any traffic contravention debt. Certificated bailiffs 83 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additional contraventions in special enforcement areas Designation of special enforcement areas 84 Schedule 10 provides for the designation of areas (“special enforcement areas”) where the following sections apply— section 85 (prohibition of double parking etc.); section 86 (prohibition of parking at dropped footways etc.). Prohibition of double parking etc. 85 1 In a special enforcement area a vehicle must not be parked on the carriageway in such a way that no part of the vehicle is within 50 centimetres of the edge of the carriageway. This is subject to the following exceptions. 2 The first exception is where the vehicle is parked wholly within a designated parking place or any other part of the carriageway where parking is specifically authorised. A “ designated parking place ” means a parking place designated by order under section 6, 9, 32(1)(b) or 45 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27). 3 The second exception is where the vehicle is being used — a for fire brigade or police purposes, or b for ambulance purposes or for the purpose of providing a response to an emergency at the request of an NHS ambulance service. “ An NHS ambulance service ” means— an NHS trust or NHS foundation trust established under the National Health Service Act 2006 which has a function of providing ambulance services; an NHS trust established under the National Health Service (Wales) Act 2006 which has a function of providing ambulance services; the Scottish Ambulance Service Board. 4 The third exception is where— a the vehicle is being used for the purposes of delivering goods to, or collecting goods from, any premises, or is being loaded from or unloaded to any premises, b the delivery, collection, loading or unloading cannot reasonably be carried out in relation to those premises without the vehicle being parked as mentioned in subsection (1), and c the vehicle is so parked for no longer than is necessary and for no more than 20 minutes. 5 The fourth exception is where— a the vehicle is being used in connection with any of the following— i undertaking any building operation, demolition or excavation, ii the collection of waste by a local authority, iii removing an obstruction to traffic, iv undertaking works in relation to a road, a traffic sign or road lighting, or v undertaking works in relation to a sewer or water main or in relation to the supply of gas, electricity, water or communications services, b it cannot be so used without being parked as mentioned in subsection (1), and c it is so parked for no longer than is necessary. 6 In this section “ carriageway ” has the meaning given by section 329(1) of the Highways Act 1980 (c. 66). 7 References in this section to parking include waiting, but do not include stopping where— a the driver is prevented from proceeding by circumstances beyond his control or it is necessary for him to stop to avoid an accident, or b the vehicle is stopped, for no longer than is necessary, for the purpose of allowing people to board or alight from it. 8 The prohibition in this section is enforceable as if imposed— a in Greater London, by an order under section 6 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984; b elsewhere in England and Wales, by an order under section 1 of that Act. 9 In this section “ local authority ” includes a non-metropolitan district council. Prohibition of parking at dropped footways etc. 86 1 In a special enforcement area a vehicle must not be parked on the carriageway adjacent to a footway, cycle track or verge where— a the footway, cycle track or verge has been lowered to meet the level of the carriageway for the purpose of— i assisting pedestrians crossing the carriageway, ii assisting cyclists entering or leaving the carriageway, or iii assisting vehicles entering or leaving the carriageway across the footway, cycle track or verge; or b the carriageway has, for a purpose within paragraph (a)(i) to (iii), been raised to meet the level of the footway, cycle track or verge. This is subject to the following exceptions. 2 The first exception is where the vehicle is parked wholly within a designated parking place or any other part of the carriageway where parking is specifically authorised. A “ designated parking place ” means a parking place designated by order under section 6, 9, 32(1)(b) or 45 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27). 3 The second exception is where the vehicle is parked outside residential premises by or with the consent (but not consent given for reward) of the occupier of the premises. This exception does not apply in the case of a shared driveway. 4 The third exception is where the vehicle is being used — a for fire brigade or police purposes, or b for ambulance purposes or for the purpose of providing a response to an emergency at the request of an NHS ambulance service. “ An NHS ambulance service ” means— an NHS trust or NHS foundation trust established under the National Health Service Act 2006 which has a function of providing ambulance services; an NHS trust established under the National Health Service (Wales) Act 2006 which has a function of providing ambulance services; the Scottish Ambulance Service Board. 5 The fourth exception is where— a the vehicle is being used for the purposes of delivering goods to, or collecting goods from, any premises, or is being loaded from or unloaded to any premises, b the delivery, collection, loading or unloading cannot reasonably be carried out in relation to those premises without the vehicle being parked as mentioned in subsection (1), and c the vehicle is so parked for no longer than is necessary and for no more than 20 minutes. 6 The fifth exception is where— a the vehicle is being used in connection with any of the following— i undertaking any building operation, demolition or excavation, ii the collection of waste by a local authority, iii removing an obstruction to traffic, iv undertaking works in relation to a road, a traffic sign or road lighting, or v undertaking works in relation to a sewer or water main or in relation to the supply of gas, electricity, water or communications services, b it cannot be so used without being parked as mentioned in subsection (1), and c it is so parked for no longer than is necessary. 7 In this section “ carriageway ”, “ cycle track ” and “ footway ” have the meanings given by section 329(1) of the Highways Act 1980 (c. 66). 8 References in this section to parking include waiting, but do not include stopping where— a the driver is prevented from proceeding by circumstances beyond his control or it is necessary for him to stop to avoid an accident, or b the vehicle is stopped, for no longer than is necessary, for the purpose of allowing people to board or alight from it. 9 The prohibition in this section is enforceable as if imposed— a in Greater London, by an order under section 6 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27), b elsewhere in England and Wales, by an order under section 1 of that Act. 10 In this section “ local authority ” includes a non-metropolitan district council. Supplementary Guidance to local authorities 87 1 The appropriate national authority may publish guidance to local authorities about any matter relating to their functions in connection with the civil enforcement of traffic contraventions. 2 In exercising those functions a local authority must have regard to any such guidance. 3 In this section “ local authority ” includes a non-metropolitan district council. Power to prohibit use of devices etc : parking contraventions in England 87A 1 The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision to prohibit the use by civil enforcement officers of a device of a description specified in the regulations, or of records produced by such a device, in connection with the enforcement of parking contraventions on a road in a civil enforcement area in England. 2 The prohibition may be— a general, or b limited to particular uses specified in the regulations. 3 The regulations may provide that a general or limited prohibition does not apply in circumstances specified in the regulations (which may be framed by reference to the type of contravention, the circumstances in which a contravention occurs or in any other way). 4 Regulations under this section may amend this Part or any provision made under it. Financial provisions 88 1 The appropriate national authority may make provision by regulations— a requiring the keeping of accounts, and the preparation and publication of statements of account, of the income and expenditure of enforcement authorities in connection with their functions under this Part, and b as to the purposes for which any surpluses may be applied. 2 The regulations may provide— a for separate accounts to be kept in respect of an authority's functions in relation to different descriptions of contravention, and b for accounts to be kept in respect of an authority's income and expenditure in respect of functions under this Part and such other functions as may be specified in the regulations. 3 The regulations may provide that section 55 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (financial provisions relating to income and expenditure from parking places) applies in relation to income and expenditure of enforcement authorities in connection with their functions under this Part of this Act in relation to parking contraventions, subject to such modifications as may be specified in the regulations. 4 The regulations may provide for carrying forward a surplus arising before the commencement of this Part on an account kept under— a section 55 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 as modified by an order under Schedule 3 to the Road Traffic Act 1991 (c. 40) (parking contraventions), b regulations under section 144 of the Transport Act 2000 (c. 38) (bus lane contraventions), or c Schedule 2 to the London Local Authorities and Transport for London Act 2003 (c. iii) (London lorry ban contraventions or moving traffic contraventions). Regulations and orders 89 1 Regulations and orders under this Part may make provision for Greater London different from that made for the rest of England. 2 Regulations and orders under this Part made by the Lord Chancellor may make provision for Wales different from that made for England. 3 Regulations and orders under this Part may contain incidental, consequential or transitional provision or savings. 4 Regulations and orders under this Part made by a Minister of the Crown or by the National Assembly for Wales shall be made by statutory instrument. 5 Regulations under section 80 may not be made unless a draft of them has been laid before and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament. 6 Subject to that, a statutory instrument containing regulations or an order under this Part made by a Minister of the Crown is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. Application to Crown and visiting forces 90 1 This Part does not apply in relation to a vehicle that— a at the relevant time is used or appropriated for use for naval, military or airforce purposes, or b belongs to any visiting forces (within the meaning of the Visiting Forces Act 1952 (c. 67)) or is at the relevant time used or appropriated for use by any such forces. 2 The provisions of this Part apply to— a vehicles in the public service of the Crown that are required to be registered under the Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994 (c. 22) (other than those exempted by subsection (1)(a) above), and b persons in the public service of the Crown. 3 This Part does not apply in relation to Crown roads within the meaning of section 131 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27) (application of road traffic enactments to Crown roads) unless applied by order under that section. Consequential amendments 91 Schedule 11 provides for amendments consequential on the provisions of this Part. Minor definitions 92 1 In this Part— “ appropriate national authority ” means— as regards England, the Secretary of State, and as regards Wales, the National Assembly for Wales; “ approved device ” means a device of a description specified in an order made by the appropriate national authority; “ fixed penalty notice ” has the meaning given by section 52(1) of the Road Traffic Offenders Act 1988 (c. 53); “ GLA road ” means— a GLA road within the meaning of the Highways Act 1980 (c. 66) (see sections 329(1) and 14D(1) of that Act), or a GLA side road within the meaning of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27) (see sections 124A(9) and 142(1) of that Act); “ immobilisation device ” has the same meaning as in section 104(9) of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984; “ local authority ” means— as regards England, a county council, a London authority, a metropolitan district council or the Council of the Isles of Scilly, as regards Wales, a county or county borough council; “ London authority ” means a London local authority or Transport for London; “ London local authority ” means a London borough council or the Common Council of the City of London; “ operator ”, in relation to a vehicle, means a person who holds an operator's licence in respect of the vehicle under section 2 of the Goods Vehicles (Licensing of Operators) Act 1995 (c. 23); “ owner ”, in relation to a vehicle, means the person by whom the vehicle is kept, which in the case of a vehicle registered under the Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994 (c. 22) is presumed (unless the contrary is proved) to be the person in whose name the vehicle is registered; “ penalty charge ” means a penalty charge imposed under this Part; “ road ” has the same meaning as in the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984; “ subordinate legislation ” has the same meaning as in the Interpretation Act 1978 (c. 30) (see section 21(1) of that Act); “ traffic sign ” has the meaning given by section 64 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984. 2 Any reference in this Part to contravention of an order, or of provision made by or under an order, includes a failure to comply with the order or provision. Index of defined expressions 93 In this Part the expressions listed below are defined or otherwise explained by the provisions indicated— appropriate national authority section 92 approved device section 92 bus lane contravention Part 2 of Schedule 7 civil enforcement area Schedule 8 civil enforcement officer Section 76 enforcement authority Schedule 8 fixed penalty notice section 92 GLA road section 92 immobilisation device section 92 local authority section 92 London local authority section 92 London lorry ban contravention Part 3 of Schedule 7 moving traffic contravention Part 4 of Schedule 7 operator section 92 owner section 92 parking contravention Part 1 of Schedule 7 penalty charge section 92 road section 92 road traffic contravention Schedule 7 special enforcement area Schedule 10 subordinate legislation section 92 traffic sign section 92 Part 7 Miscellaneous and General Power to inspect blue badges 94 1 Section 21 of the Chronically Sick and Disabled Persons Act 1970 (c. 44) (badges for display on motor vehicles used by disabled persons) is amended as follows. 2 In subsection (4B) after “a badge” there is inserted “ purporting to be ” . 3 After subsection (4B) there is inserted— 4BA Where it appears to a constable or enforcement officer that there is displayed on any motor vehicle a badge purporting to be of a form prescribed under this section, he may require any person who— a is in the vehicle, or b appears to have been in, or to be about to get into, the vehicle, to produce the badge for inspection. 4BB In subsection (4BA) “ enforcement officer ” means— a a traffic warden; b a civil enforcement officer (within the meaning of section 76 of the Traffic Management Act 2004); c a parking attendant (within the meaning of section 63A of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984). 4BC The power conferred on an enforcement officer by subsection (4BA) is exercisable only for purposes connected with the discharge of his functions in relation to a stationary vehicle. 4BD A person who without reasonable excuse fails to produce a badge when required to do so under subsection (4BA) shall be guilty of an offence. 4 In subsection (4C) after “(4B)” there is inserted “ or (4BD) ” . 5 In section 117 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27) (wrongful use of disabled person's badge), in subsection (1)(a) after “badge” there is inserted “ purporting to be ” . Application of surplus income from parking places 95 1 Section 55 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (financial provisions relating to income and expenditure of local authority in connection with parking places) is amended as follows. 2 In subsection (4), for paragraph (d) (purposes for which surplus may be applied if further off-street parking not needed) substitute— d if it appears to the local authority that the provision in their area of further off-street parking accommodation is unnecessary or undesirable, the following purposes— i meeting costs incurred, whether by the local authority or by some other person, in the provision or operation of, or of facilities for, public passenger transport services, ii the purposes of a highway or road improvement project in the local authority's area, iii in the case of a London authority, meeting costs incurred by the authority in respect of the maintenance of roads maintained at the public expense by them, iv the purposes of environmental improvement in the local authority's area, v in the case of such local authorities as may be prescribed, any other purposes for which the authority may lawfully incur expenditure; 3 After subsection (4A) insert— 4B For the purposes of subsection (4)(d)(iv) “ environmental improvement ” includes— a the reduction of environmental pollution (as defined in the Pollution Prevention and Control Act 1999 (c. 24); see section 1(2) and (3) of that Act); b improving or maintaining the appearance or amenity of— i a road or land in the vicinity of a road, or ii open land or water to which the general public has access; and c the provision of outdoor recreational facilities available to the general public without charge. 4C Regulations for the purposes of subsection (4)(d)(v) above— a may prescribe all local authorities, particular authorities or particular descriptions of authority, b may make provision by reference to whether the authority or authorities in question have been classified for the purposes of any other enactment as falling or not falling within a particular category, and c may make provision for the continued application of that provision, in prescribed cases and to such extent as may be prescribed, where an authority that is prescribed or of a prescribed description ceases to be so. . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wales 96 References in Schedule 1 to the National Assembly for Wales (Transfer of Functions) Order 1999 ( S.I. 1999/672) to— a the Highways Act 1980 (c. 66), b the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 (c. 27), and c the New Roads and Street Works Act 1991 (c. 22), are to be treated as references to those Acts as amended by this Act. Financial provision 97 1 There shall be paid out of money provided by Parliament— a any expenditure incurred by the Secretary of State in respect of— i traffic officers designated under Part 1 (including expenditure relating to the provision of financial assistance under section 14 or other expenditure relating to the provision of equipment, accommodation or other facilities); ii the establishment and operation of regional centres for the management of traffic on his road network; iii the provision, for purposes connected with the management of traffic on his road network, of information or advice to the public; iv other activities carried out for purposes connected with the management of traffic on his road network; b any other expenditure incurred by the Secretary of State in consequence or by virtue of this Act; c any increase attributable to this Act in the sums payable out of money so provided by virtue of any other Act. 2 In this section references to the Secretary of State's road network are to the network of roads in England for which he is the traffic authority (within the meaning of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984). Repeals 98 Schedule 12 contains repeals. Commencement, transitionals and savings 99 1 The preceding provisions of this Act shall come into force on such day as the Secretary of State (as respects England) or the National Assembly for Wales (as respects Wales) may appoint by order made by statutory instrument. 2 Different days may be appointed for different purposes. 3 For the purposes of Part 6 (civil enforcement of road traffic contraventions), and related repeals, different days may be appointed for different areas. 4 The Secretary of State (as respects England) or the National Assembly for Wales (as respects Wales) may by order made by statutory instrument make transitional provision or savings in connection with the coming into force of any provision of this Act. Short title and extent 100 1 This Act may be cited as the Traffic Management Act 2004. 2 This Act extends to England and Wales only.