London Local Authorities Act 2007 PART 1 Preliminary Citation and commencement 1 1 This Act may be cited as the London Local Authorities Act 2007. 2 This Act and the London Local Authorities Acts 1990 to 2004 may be cited together as the London Local Authorities Acts 1990 to 2007. 3 This Act, except— a subsections (2) to (7) of section 33 (hostess bars) (as it applies otherwise than as regards the City of Westminster), b section 73 (charges for pipe subways), and c section 75 (mail forwarding businesses), shall come into operation at the end of the period of two months beginning with the date on which it is passed. 4 Subsections (2) to (7) of the said section 33 shall come into operation in accordance with subsection (1) of that section. 5 Section 73 and section 75 of this Act shall come into operation on the appointed day. General interpretation 2 In this Act, except where the context otherwise requires— “authorised officer”, in relation to a borough council, means— any employee of the council; any other person by whom, in pursuance of arrangements made with the council, any functions under this Act fall to be discharged; or any employee of any such person, who is authorised in writing by the council to act in relation to the relevant provision of this Act; “borough council” means London borough council and includes the Common Council of the City of London in its capacity as a local authority and “borough” and “council” shall be construed accordingly. Appointed day 3 1 For the purposes of subsections (4) and (5) of section 1 (citation and commencement) of this Act, including the purposes of subsection (1) of section 33 (hostess bars) of this Act, “the appointed day” means such day as may be fixed in relation to a borough by resolution of the borough council, subject to and in accordance with the provisions of this section. 2 Different days may be fixed under this section for the purpose of the application of different provisions of this Act to a borough. 3 The borough council shall cause to be published in a local newspaper circulating in the borough and in the London Gazette notice— a of the passing of any such resolution and of a day fixed by them; and b of the general effect of the provisions of this Act coming into operation on that day, and the day so fixed shall not be earlier than the expiration of one month from the publication of the notice in the London Gazette. 4 A photostatic or any other reproduction certified by the officer appointed for that purpose by the borough council to be a true reproduction of a page or part of a page of any such newspaper or London Gazette— a bearing the date of its publication; and b containing any such notice, shall be evidence of the publication of the notice and of the date of publication. PART 2 Public Health and the Environment Interpretation Interpretation of Part 2 4 In this Part of this Act— “the 1978 Act” means the Refuse Disposal (Amenity) Act 1978 (c. 3) ; “the 1990 Act” means the Environmental Protection Act 1990 (c. 43) ; “an advertising offence” means an offence— under section 132 of the Highways Act 1980 (c. 66) (unauthorised marks on highways); under section 224(3) of the Planning Act (enforcement of control as to advertisements); under subsection (4) of section 5 (portable advertisements, etc.) of this Act; or of aiding, abetting, counselling or procuring the commission of an offence mentioned in paragraphs (a) to (c) above, committed after the day on which section 13 (advertising: seizure) of this Act comes into effect; “fly posting offence” means an offence— under section 224(3) of the Planning Act; committed in Greater London by a person who is deemed to display an advertisement for the purposes of that subsection by virtue of section 224(4)(b) of the Planning Act; and which relates to an advertisement affixed to any surface without the authorisation of the owner of that surface; “the Planning Act” means the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 (c. 8) ; “the Police Commissioner” means the Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis or, in the City of London, the Commissioner of Police for the City of London; “relevant object” means— any advertisement (whether displayed or not); any vehicle (including its fuel); or any equipment or materials which may be used for the purpose of fixing advertisements to surfaces or placing advertisements on surfaces; “shroud advertisement” means an advertisement— which is made of a flexible material; which is not affixed to any hoarding or similar structure used, or designed or adapted for use, for the display of advertisements; and which is attached to a building or to scaffolding; “shroud advertisement offence” means an offence— under section 224(3) of the Planning Act; committed in Greater London by a person who is deemed to display an advertisement for the purposes of that subsection by virtue of section 224(3)(b) of the Planning Act; and which is committed in respect of the display of a shroud advertisement. Advertising Portable advertisements, etc. 5 1 No portable advertisement may be displayed within a designated area, except in accordance with subsection (2) below. 2 The display of an advertisement— a for which express consent has been given; or b for which deemed consent has been given, is in accordance with this subsection.(3) 3 Subsection (1) above is without prejudice to any prohibition or restriction on the display of a portable advertisement contained in advertising regulations or any other enactment or rule of law relating to the display of advertisements. 4 Any person who— a displays a portable advertisement in contravention of subsection (1) above; or b causes or permits any person so to do, shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 4 on the standard scale. 5 Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (4) above, a person shall be deemed to display a portable advertisement for the purposes of that subsection if the advertisement gives publicity to his goods, trade, business or other concerns. 6 A person shall not be guilty of an offence under subsection (4) above by reason only of his goods, trade, business or other concerns being given publicity by the portable advertisement if he proves any of the matters specified in subsection (7) below. 7 The matters are— a that the portable advertisement was displayed without his knowledge; or b that he took all reasonable steps and exercised all due diligence to prevent the display; or c that the advertisement was displayed on an item used wholly or mainly for purposes other than advertising. 8 The reference in subsection (4) above to a person who displays a portable advertisement in contravention of subsection (1) above shall be deemed to include a reference to a person who displays a portable advertisement on or from land within 7 metres of any street or way designated under subsection (1)(c) of section 6 (advertisements: designation of areas) of this Act and who is not— a the owner of that land; b the person liable to be assessed to the uniform business rate in respect of that land; or c on that land with the consent in writing of either of the persons mentioned in paragraphs (a) and (b) above. 9 In any proceedings for an offence under this section, it shall be presumed, unless the contrary is shown, that the area in which the alleged offence took place was designated in accordance with the said section 6. 10 In this section— “advertising regulations” means regulations made under section 220 of the Planning Act (regulations controlling display of advertisements); “designated area” means an area designated in accordance with the said section 6; the “display” of an advertisement means (subject to subsection (11) below) the display of the advertisement in the course of a business by means of an individual or individuals holding or carrying it or otherwise having control of it in person at the place where it is located; “express consent” and “deemed consent” mean express consent and deemed consent for the purposes of any advertising regulations; “portable advertisement” means any thing which is capable of being held or carried and which is an advertisement as defined in section 336(1) of the Planning Act but as if for “wholly or partly” there were substituted “wholly or mainly”. 11 A portable advertisement shall, for the purposes of this section, be deemed to be displayed as a portable advertisement notwithstanding that it is placed upon, leant against or attached to apparatus, street furniture or any other structure or object situated— a in a designated area; or b on any land within 7 metres of any street or way designated under subsection (1)(c) of the said section 6. Advertisements: designation of areas 6 1 A borough council may designate, in accordance with the following provisions of this section, areas comprising any of the following places or any part of such places in the borough as designated areas to which this section applies— a a public off-street car park; b a recreation ground, garden, park, pleasure ground or open place under the management or control of a borough council; c a street or way to which the public commonly have access, whether or not as of right. 2 The council shall exercise their powers under this section only in the interests of amenity and public safety, taking account of any material factors, and in particular— a in the case of amenity— i the general characteristics of the locality, including the presence of any features of historic, architectural, cultural or similar interest; ii the desirability of preserving or enhancing the character or appearance of a conservation area, where appropriate, disregarding, if they think fit, any advertisement being displayed there; b in the case of public safety— i the safety of any person who may use any road, railway, dock, harbour or aerodrome; ii whether any display of advertisements is likely to obscure, or hinder the ready interpretation of, any road traffic sign, railway signal or aid to navigation by water or air. 3 Before designating any area under this section, the council shall publish, or cause to be published, in at least one newspaper circulating in the locality, and on the same or a subsequent date in the London Gazette, a notice that such a proposal has been made, naming a place or places in the locality where a map or maps defining the area concerned may be inspected at all reasonable hours. 4 Any notice under subsection (3) above shall state that any objection to the proposal may be made to the proper officer of the borough council in writing within such period (not being less than 21 days from the date when the notice was published) as is specified in the notice. 5 The council shall not designate an area under this section until after the expiry of the specified period. 6 In determining whether to designate an area under this section, the council— a shall take into account any objections made in accordance with subsection (4) above; b may modify the proposal if— i they have notified, in writing, any person who has made an objection or representation to them of their intention and their reasons for it and has given them a reasonable opportunity to respond; and ii the intended modification does not extend the area of land specified in the proposal. 7 Where the council designates an area under this section, they shall notify any person who has made an objection in accordance with subsection (4) above. 8 Notice of the designation of a particular area shall be published by the council in at least one newspaper circulating in the locality and on the same or a subsequent date in the London Gazette, and such notice shall— a contain a full statement of the effect of the designation; b name a place or places in the locality where a copy of the designation and of a map defining the area concerned may be seen at all reasonable hours; and c specify a date when the designation shall come into force, being at least 14 and not more than 28 days after the publication of the notice in the London Gazette. 9 A designation shall come into force on the date specified in the notice given under subsection (8) above. 10 In this section, “conservation area” means a conservation area designated under section 69 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 (c. 9) (designation of conservation areas). Unauthorised advertisement hoardings 7 1 Section 11 (unauthorised advertisement hoardings, etc.) of the London Local Authorities Act 1995 (c. x) is amended as follows. 2 In subsection (1)— a at the beginning, the words “Subject to subsection (1A) below” are inserted; b the words “or which was erected before 1 April 1990” are omitted. 3 After subsection (1), the following subsection is inserted— 1A This section does not apply to a hoarding or other structure which was erected before 1 April 1990, unless— a a discontinuance notice has been served in relation to it under regulations made under section 220 of the Act of 1990; and b either— i the time for making an appeal in relation to the discontinuance notice under section 78 of the Act of 1990 (right to appeal against planning decisions and failure to take such decisions) has expired with no such appeal having been made; or ii an appeal in relation to the discontinuance notice under the said section 78 has been made, and the appeal has been discontinued or dismissed. . Automatic minimum fine on third conviction for fly posting or shroud advertisement offence 8 1 Where a person is convicted of a fly posting or shroud advertisement offence committed in Greater London, the court by which he is convicted shall, if the circumstances specified in subsection (4) below are present, impose a fine, the level of which shall be a minimum of level 4 on the standard scale and a maximum of £20,000. 2 Subsection (1) above shall not apply where the court is of the opinion that there are particular circumstances which— a relate to any of the offences or to the offender; and b would make it unjust to do so in all the circumstances. 3 Section 224(3) of the Planning Act, insofar as it makes provision for the punishment of offenders, shall not apply where subsection (1) above applies. 4 The circumstances mentioned in subsection (1) above are that, during the five years ending with the date of the conviction, the person has been convicted of, in total, no fewer than three fly posting or shroud advertisement offences, providing that the conditions in subsections (5), (6) and (7) below are satisfied. 5 The first condition is that the first of the three convictions was in respect of an offence which was committed after the date on which this section came into force. 6 The second condition is that the second of the three convictions was in respect of an offence which was committed after the date of the first conviction. 7 The third condition is that the third of the three convictions was in respect of an offence which was committed after the date of the second conviction. 8 The Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000 (c. 6) shall apply in Greater London as if in section 112(1)(a) (appeals where previous convictions set aside), after “or 111 above” the words “or under section 8(1) of the London Local Authorities Act 2007 (c. ii) (automatic minimum fine on third conviction for fly posting or shroud advertisement offence)” were inserted. Certificates of conviction for purposes of section 8 9 1 Where— a on any date after section 8 (automatic minimum fine on third conviction for fly posting or shroud advertisement offence) of this Act came into force a person is convicted of a fly posting or shroud advertisement offence; and b the court by or before which he is so convicted states in open court that he has been convicted of such an offence on that date; and c that court subsequently certifies that fact, the certificate shall be evidence, for the purposes of the said section 8, that he was convicted of such an offence on that date. 2 Where— a on any date after the said section 8 came into force a person is convicted of a fly posting or shroud advertisement offence; and b the court by or before which he is so convicted states in open court that the offence was committed on a particular day or over, or at some time during, a particular period; and c that court subsequently certifies that fact, the certificate shall be evidence, for the purposes of the said section 8, that the offence was committed on that day or over, or at some time during, that period. Determination of day when offence committed 10 Where an offence is found to have been committed over a period of two or more days, or at some time during a period of two or more days, it shall be taken for the purposes of section 8 (automatic minimum fine on third conviction for fly posting or shroud advertisement offence) of this Act to have been committed on the last of those days. Advertising: measures to be taken on surfaces 11 1 If a borough council has reason to believe that there is a persistent problem with the display of unauthorised advertisements on a relevant surface, the council may serve a notice under subsection (3) below on the owner or occupier of the land in or on which the relevant surface is situated. 2 If after reasonable enquiry the council have been unable to ascertain the name and address of the owner or occupier, they may affix a notice to the relevant surface. 3 A notice under this subsection is a notice requiring, within such reasonable time (not being less than 28 days) as may be specified in the notice, the owner or occupier of the land in or on which the relevant surface is situated to carry out such reasonable measures as may be required by the council to prevent or reduce the frequency of the display of unauthorised advertisements on the relevant surface. 4 The sections of the Public Health Act 1936 (c. 49) mentioned in Schedule 1 to this Act shall have effect as if references therein to that Act included references to this section. 5 This section shall have effect as if it were an Act or order to which section 42 of the Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1976 (c. 57) (which makes provision for certain local Acts and orders to be subject to the planning enactments) applies. 6 The period within which an owner or occupier must comply with the requirements of a notice under subsection (3) above may be extended with the agreement of the council. 7 No council shall exercise their powers under this section until a code of practice dealing with the exercise of those powers has been published by a joint committee, and a council shall have regard to the code of practice when exercising those powers. 8 In preparing a code of practice to be published under subsection (7) above, the joint committee shall consult— a persons appearing to them to be representative of interests likely to be substantially affected by the exercise of powers under this section; and b such other persons as they consider appropriate. 9 A council may not recover their expenses under section 290(6) of the Public Health Act 1936 (provisions as to appeals against, and the enforcement of, notices requiring execution of works) in respect of a relevant surface, if the relevant surface— a forms part of a flat or a dwellinghouse; or b is within the curtilage or forms part of the boundary of the curtilage of a dwellinghouse. 10 In this section and section 12 (railway undertakers: provision for purposes of section 11) of this Act— “joint committee” means any joint committee established under section 101(5) of the Local Government Act 1972 (c. 70) and comprising at least one member from each borough council; “premises” means building, wall, fence or other structure or erection; “relevant surface” means the surface of any premises, apparatus or plant; “unauthorised advertisements” means advertisements in respect of which advertising offences are committed. Railway undertakers: provision for purposes of section 11 12 1 Subsections (2) to (4) below apply where a borough council serve a notice under subsection (3) of section 11 (advertising: measures to be taken on surfaces) of this Act (a “section 11 notice”) requiring a protected party to carry out measures in respect of the display of unauthorised advertisements on a relevant surface situated on its operational land. 2 The protected party may, within a period of 28 days beginning with the day on which the notice is served, serve a counter-notice on the council specifying alternative measures which will in their reasonable opinion have the effect of preventing or reducing the frequency of the display of unauthorised advertisements on the relevant surface to the same or greater extent than the measures specified in the notice. 3 Where a counter-notice is served under subsection (2) above, the section 11 notice shall be deemed— a to require the alternative measures specified in the counter-notice to be carried out (instead of the measures actually required by the notice); and b to have been served on the date on which the counter-notice was served. 4 The period within which a protected party must carry out the measures specified in a counter-notice served under subsection (2) above may be extended by agreement of the council. 5 Subsections (6) to (9) below apply where a council propose to exercise a relevant power in respect of any operational land of a protected party. 6 Before exercising the relevant power the council shall serve not less than 28 days' notice in writing of their intention so to do on the protected party specifying the relevant surface concerned and its location. 7 The protected party on whom a notice under subsection (6) above is served may within the period of 28 days beginning with the day on which the notice is served serve a counter-notice on the council— a specifying conditions subject to which the relevant power is to be exercised, being reasonable conditions which are necessary or expedient in the interests of safety or the efficient and economic operation of the protected party’s undertaking; or b requiring the council to refrain from exercising the relevant power, if the protected party has reasonable grounds to believe, for reasons connected with the operation of its undertaking, that the relevant power cannot be exercised under the circumstances in question— i without risk to the safety of any person; or ii without unreasonable risk to the efficient and economic operation of the protected party’s undertaking. 8 Where a counter-notice is served under subsection (7)(a) above the relevant power may only be exercised subject to and in accordance with the conditions in the counter-notice. 9 Where a counter-notice is served under subsection (7)(b) above the relevant power may not be exercised. 10 In this section— “operational land” has the same meaning as in the Planning Act; “protected party” means— Network Rail Infrastructure Limited; and Transport for London, and their subsidiaries (within the meaning given by section 1159 of the Companies Act 2006 (c. 46) ), servants, agents and contractors; “relevant power” means a power to enter land conferred by section 287 (power to enter premises) of the Public Health Act 1936 (c. 49) as applied by subsection (4) of the said section 11. Advertising: seizure and forfeiture Advertising: seizure 13 1 If an authorised officer or a constable has reasonable grounds for suspecting that a person has committed an advertising offence in Greater London and the conditions of subsection (2) below apply, the authorised officer or constable may seize any relevant object if the relevant object is in the possession of or under the control of that person at the time of the alleged offence. 2 The conditions are that the relevant object— a may be required to be used in evidence in any proceedings in respect of the suspected offence; or b may be the subject of forfeiture under section 16 (forfeiture of seized items) of this Act. 3 An authorised officer shall produce his authority if required to do so by the person having possession or control of any relevant object seized in pursuance of the powers in subsection (1) above. 4 An authorised officer or a constable shall, forthwith after seizing any relevant object under subsection (1) above, give to the person from whom the object was seized a certificate containing the following information— a the name and address of the person who the authorised officer or constable suspects has committed the suspected offence; b if different from the name and address of the person mentioned in paragraph (a) above, the name and address of the owner of the relevant object; c the type of object seized (including, in the case of a vehicle, its make and registration mark); and d information about subsection (2) of the said section 16. 5 If an authorised officer or constable— a is unable, after reasonable inquiry of the person who he suspects has committed the suspected offence, to ascertain the name or address of— i that person; or ii the owner of the relevant object; or b has reasonable cause to suspect that a name or address provided to him is incorrect, he need not comply with paragraph (a) or (b), as the case may be, of subsection (4) above. 6 The owner of a vehicle for the purposes of this section, shall be taken to be the person by whom the vehicle is kept. 7 In determining, for the purposes of this section, who was the owner of a vehicle at any time, it shall be presumed that the owner was the person in whose name the vehicle was at that time registered under the Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994 (c. 22) . Return and disposal of seized items 14 1 The following provisions of this section shall have effect where any relevant object is seized under subsection (1) of section 13 (advertising: seizure) of this Act and references in those provisions to proceedings are to proceedings in respect of the alleged offence in relation to which the relevant object is seized. 2 Subject to subsections (3) to (6) below, following the conclusion of the proceedings the relevant object shall be returned to the person from whom it was seized unless— a the court orders it to be forfeited under section 16 (forfeiture of seized items) of this Act; or b any award of costs to the council by the court, which may include removal, return and storage costs, have not been paid within 28 days of the making of the order. 3 If— a at the end of the period of 56 days beginning with the date of seizure— i no proceedings have been instituted; or ii any proceedings instituted within that period have been discontinued; or b at any time after the end of that period any such proceedings are discontinued, the relevant object shall, at the appropriate time, be returned to the person from whom it was seized unless it has not proved possible, after diligent enquiry, to identify that person and ascertain his address. 4 In subsection (3) above, “the appropriate time” means— a in the case of paragraph (a), the end of the period of 56 days mentioned in that paragraph; b in the case of paragraph (b), the time when proceedings are discontinued. 5 Where the relevant object is not returned because it has not proved possible to identify the person from whom it was seized and ascertain his address or because the person from whom it was seized or the owner has disclaimed or refused to accept it— a a magistrates' court may make an order as to the manner in which it should be dealt with (in the case where proceedings for an offence under this section have been commenced in relation to the article or thing); or b the council or the Police Commissioner may make a complaint to the magistrates' court for a disposal order under section 15 (disposal orders) of this Act (whether or not such proceedings have been commenced). 6 Where after 28 days any costs awarded by the court to the council have not been paid to the council in full— a the relevant object may be disposed of in any way the council thinks fit; and b any sum obtained by the council in excess of the costs awarded by the court shall be returned to the person to whom the relevant object belongs. 7 When any relevant object is disposed of by the council under subsection (6) above the council shall have a duty to secure the best possible price which can reasonably be obtained for it. Disposal orders 15 1 This section applies in respect of a complaint made by a borough council or the Police Commissioner for a disposal order in respect of a relevant object under subsection (5) of section 14 (return and disposal of seized items) of this Act. 2 In the case of a relevant object which the council or the Police Commissioner has attempted to return to the person who the council believes is the person from whom it was seized or is its owner, and that person disclaimed or refused to accept it, a copy of the complaint shall be served on that person. 3 In respect of a complaint to which this section applies, a magistrates' court may, if it is satisfied that the council or the Police Commissioner has made reasonable efforts to identify the person from whom the relevant object was seized or its owner, as the case may be, or has made reasonable efforts to return the relevant object it may make an order authorising the complainant council or the Police Commissioner— a to dispose of the relevant object in question; and b after payment out of any proceeds arising from the disposal of the expenses incurred in the seizure, storage and disposal, to retain the balance, if any. 4 In the case where a copy of a complaint has been served under subsection (2) above, if the relevant object in question is not of sufficient value to defray the expenses of seizing and storing it, the magistrates' court may order that the recipient of the copy of the complaint pay the expenses, or the balance of the expenses, reasonably incurred by the council or the Police Commissioner in seizing and storing it, if it is satisfied that the recipient was the owner of the relevant object in question or was the person from whom it was seized, as the case may be. 5 For the purposes of this section, “owner” in respect of a vehicle, has the same meaning as it has for the purposes of section 13 (advertising: seizure) of this Act. Forfeiture of seized items 16 1 Subject to subsection (2) below, the court by or before which a person is convicted of an advertising offence may order any relevant object which the court is satisfied relates to the offence to be forfeited and dealt with in such a manner as the court may order. 2 The court shall not order a relevant object to be forfeited under subsection (1) above where a person claiming to be the owner of or otherwise interested in it applies to be heard by the court, unless an opportunity has been given to the owner or person interested in the object to show cause why the order should not be made. 3 In considering whether to make an order under subsection (1) above a court shall have regard— a to the value of the object; and b to the likely financial and other effects on— i the offender; or ii the owner of the object, of the making of the order (taken together with any other order that the court contemplates making). Compensation where seizure unlawful 17 1 Subsection (2) below shall have effect where— a any relevant object is seized under subsection (1) of section 13 (advertising: seizure) of this Act; and b any of the following applies— i not less than six months have passed since the date of the seizure and no information has been laid against any person for an advertising offence in respect of the act or circumstances which occasioned the seizure; ii proceedings for an advertising offence have been brought and the person charged has been acquitted (whether or not on appeal) and the time for appealing against or challenging the acquittal (where applicable) has expired without an appeal or challenge being brought; iii proceedings for an advertising offence have been brought and the proceedings (including any appeal) have been withdrawn by, or have failed for want of prosecution by, the person by whom the original proceedings were brought. 2 Where this subsection has effect a person who has or at the time of seizure had a legal interest in the object seized may recover compensation from the council or (where it is seized by a constable) the Police Commissioner by civil action in the county court in respect of any loss suffered by him as a result of the seizure. 3 The court may only make an order for compensation under subsection (2) above if satisfied that seizure was not lawful under the said section 13. Graffiti Defacement of buildings 18 1 Section 12 (defacement of buildings) of the London Local Authorities Act 1995 (c. x) is amended as follows. 2 In subsection (6) for “the council may themselves” there is substituted “the council, or a person authorised by the council may”. 3 After subsection (6D), the following subsection is inserted— 6E In exercising the power under subsection (6) the council or any person authorised by the council may enter any land to the extent reasonably necessary for the purpose. . 4 In subsection (7), for “the council may do so” there is substituted “the council (or a person authorised by the council) may do so”. 5 After section 12 (defacement of buildings), the following section is inserted— Indemnity 12A 1 None of the persons mentioned in subsection (2) below is to have any liability to any person responsible for the relevant surface for damages or otherwise (whether at common law or otherwise) arising out of anything done or omitted to be done in the exercise or purported exercise of— a the power under subsection (1)(b) of section 12 (defacement of buildings) of this Act; or b the power under subsection (6) of that section (including as provided for in subsection (6A) of that section); c the power under subsection (7) of that section. 2 Those persons are— a in the case of the power mentioned in the said subsection 1(b), the council and any employee of the council; and b in the case of the power mentioned in the said subsections (6) and (7)— i the council and any employee of the council; ii any person authorised by the council under those said subsections and the employer or any employee of that person. 3 Subsection (1) above does not apply— a if the act or omission is shown to have been in bad faith; b to liability arising out of a failure to exercise due care and attention; c so as to prevent an award of damages made in respect of an act or omission on the ground that the act or omission was unlawful by virtue of section 6(1) of the Human Rights Act 1998 (c. 42) . 4 This section is without prejudice to any other exemption from liability (whether at common law or otherwise). 5 For the purposes of subsection (1) above a person is responsible for a relevant surface if— a where it is the surface of any premises (including a street), he owns, leases, occupies, controls, operates or maintains the land, and b where it is the surface of apparatus or plant, he owns, leases, occupies, controls, operates or maintains the apparatus or plant. . 6 After subsection (5) of section 13 (protective provisions for certain statutory undertakers) of the said Act of 1995 the following subsections are inserted— 5A A counter-notice under subsection (4) above may, instead of specifying conditions as mentioned in that subsection, require the participating council to refrain from exercising the relevant power, if the protected party has reasonable grounds to believe, for reasons connected with the operation of its undertaking, that the relevant power cannot be exercised under the circumstances in question— a without risk to the safety of any person; or b without unreasonable risk to the efficient and economic operation of the protected party’s undertaking. 5B Where a counter notice served under subsection (4) above contains such a requirement as is mentioned in subsection (5A) above the relevant power may not be exercised. . Waste and litter Placing of receptacles for household waste 19 Section 46 of the 1990 Act (receptacles for household waste) shall apply in the area of a borough council as if, in subsection (4), the following paragraph were inserted after paragraph (b)— ba the placing of the receptacles for the purpose of avoiding nuisance or detriment to the amenities of the area; . Regulations relating to receptacles for household waste 20 1 A borough council who have a duty by virtue of section 45(1)(a) of the 1990 Act to arrange for the collection of household waste from any premises, may make regulations requiring occupiers of such premises to place household waste for collection in receptacles of a kind and number specified. 2 A council may amend or revoke any regulations made under subsection (1) above. 3 Section 46 (2) to (5) of the 1990 Act (receptacles for houshold waste) shall apply in relation to any requirements contained in regulations made under subsection (1) above as if those requirements were made under section 46 (1) of that Act. 4 Any requirement contained in such regulations which relate to the periods during which receptacles should be placed on the highway shall be unenforceable by the council as respects any side of a road if the requirements are not described in a sign displayed on that side of the road. 5 The council shall cause to be published in at least two newspapers circulating in the borough notice— a of the making, amendment or revocation of any regulations under subsection (1) above, the date on which the regulations are to come into force, or be amended or revoked, as the case may be, and the general effect of the regulations, the amendment or the revocation; and b stating (except in the case of a revocation)— i an address at which the regulations can be inspected during reasonable office hours and purchased for a reasonable amount; and ii a website address at which the regulations can be viewed. 6 The date on which the regulations are to come into force, be amended or be revoked, as the case may be, shall not be earlier than the expiration of one month from the publication of the notice under subsection (5) above. 7 Sections 63(1) (waste other than controlled waste), 78 (radioactive substances) and 96 (application of Part II) of the 1990 Act shall apply to the provisions of this section as they apply to the provisions of Part II of that Act. 8 In this section— “receptacle” has the meaning given to it by section 46 of the 1990 Act; “waste” and “household waste” have the meanings given to them by section 75 of the 1990 Act. 9 In this section and section 46 (2) to (6) of the 1990 Act as applied by subsection (3) above, “specified” means specified in regulations made under subsection (1) above. 10 Nothing in this section affects the ability of a borough council to serve notices under section 46 of the 1990 Act (receptacles for household waste). Placing of receptacles for commercial or industrial waste 21 1 Section 47 of the 1990 Act (receptacles for commercial or industrial waste) shall apply in the area of a borough council as if, in subsection (4), the following paragraph were inserted after paragraph (b)— ba the placing of the receptacles for the purpose of avoiding nuisance or detriment to the amenities of the area; . 2 Requirements making provision under section 47(4)(ba) of the 1990 Act (as inserted by subsection (1) above) shall not apply to— a a statutory undertaker in relation to any receptacle on its operational land; b any other person who is an occupier of— i any part of an aerodrome within the meaning of the Aviation Security Act 1982 (c. 36) ; ii harbour premises within the meaning of Part III of the 1990 Act; or iii other land comprised in a port facility within the meaning of article 2 of Regulation (EC) No. 725/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on enhancing ship and port facility security; c any other person who has been given an instruction by the Secretary of State under section 119 of the Railways Act 1993 (c. 43) (security: power of Secretary of State to give instructions) for so long as that instruction remains in effect; or d any other person who is subject to a direction for the time being in force under article 16 of the Channel Tunnel Security Order 1994 (S.I. 1994 no. 570) or any similar provision replacing that article and that is contained in an order made under section 11 of the Channel Tunnel Act 1987 (c. 53) (regulation of the tunnel system: application and enforcement at law, etc.). 3 In subsection (2) above— “operational land” has the same meaning as in the Planning Act; and “statutory undertaker” has the same meaning as in section 262(1) of that Act. Regulations relating to receptacles for commercial or industrial waste 22 1 A borough council who are a waste collection authority under Part II of the 1990 Act may, if satisfied that doing so would prevent nuisances or detriment to the amenities of their area, make regulations requiring occupiers of premises to place commercial or industrial waste for collection in receptacles of a kind and number specified. 2 A council may amend or revoke any regulations made under subsection (1) above. 3 Section 47 (3) to (6) of the 1990 Act (receptacles for commercial or industrial waste) shall apply in relation to any requirements contained in regulations made under subsection (1) above, as if those requirements were made under section 47 (1) of that Act. 4 Any requirements contained in such regulations which relate to the periods during which receptacles should be placed on the highway shall be unenforceable by the council as respects any side of a road if the requirements are not described in a sign displayed on that side of the road. 5 The council shall cause to be published in at least two newspapers circulating in the borough notice— a of the making, amendment or revocation of any regulations under subsection (1) above, the date on which the regulations are to come into force, or be amended or revoked, as the case may be, and the general effect of the regulations, the amendment or the revocation; and b stating (except in the case of a revocation)— i an address at which the regulations can be inspected during reasonable office hours and purchased for a reasonable amount; and ii a website address at which the regulations can be viewed. 6 The date on which the regulations are to come into force, be amended or be revoked, as the case may be, shall not be earlier than the expiration of one month from the publication of the notice under subsection (5) above. 7 Sections 63(1) (waste other than controlled waste), 78 (radioactive substances) and 96 (application of Part II) of the 1990 Act shall apply to the provisions of this section as they apply to the provisions of Part II of that Act. 8 In this section— “receptacle” has the meaning given to it by section 46 of the 1990 Act; “waste”, “commercial waste” and “industrial waste” have the meanings given to them by section 75 of the 1990 Act. 9 In this section and section 47 (3) to (6) of the 1990 Act as applied by subsection (3) above, “specified” means specified in regulations made under subsection (1) above. 10 Nothing in this section affects the ability of a borough council to serve notices under section 47 of the 1990 Act (receptacles for commercial or industrial waste). 11 Regulations under this section shall not apply to— a a statutory undertaker in relation to any of its operational land; b any other person who is an occupier of— i any part of an aerodrome within the meaning of the Aviation Security Act 1982 (c. 36) ; ii harbour premises within the meaning of Part III of the 1990 Act; or iii other land comprised in a port facility within the meaning of article 2 of Regulation (EC) No. 725/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on enhancing ship and port facility security; c any other person who has been given an instruction by the Secretary of State under section 119 of the Railways Act 1993 (c. 43) (security: power of Secretary of State to give instructions) for so long as that instruction remains in effect; or d any other person who is subject to a direction for the time being in force under article 16 of the Channel Tunnel Security Order 1994 (S.I. 1994 no. 570) or any similar provision replacing that article and that is contained in an order made under section 11 of the Channel Tunnel Act 1987 (c. 53) (regulation of the tunnel system: application and enforcement at law, etc.). 12 In subsection (11) above— “operational land” has the same meaning as in the Planning Act; and “statutory undertaker” has the same meaning as in section 262(1) of that Act. Regulations relating to receptacles for waste: enforcement 23 1 This section is a penalty charge provision for the purposes of section 61 (penalty charges) of this Act. 2 A penalty charge is payable to a borough council for the purposes of the said section 61 by any occupier of premises in respect of which there has been a failure, without reasonable excuse, to comply with any requirements imposed by regulations made under subsection (1) of section 20 (regulations relating to receptacles for household waste) or subsection (1) of section 22 (regulations relating to receptacles for commercial or industrial waste) of this Act. 3 The occupier of premises in respect of which the failure to comply with the regulations occurred is the appropriate recipient for the purposes of the said section 61. 4 For the purposes of subsection (1) of section 62 (representations and appeals) of this Act the grounds on which representations may be made against a penalty charge notice arising from a penalty charge payable by virtue of this section are— a that the recipient— i never was the occupier of the premises in question; ii had ceased to be their occupier before the date on which the penalty charge was alleged to have become payable; iii became the occupier after that date; b that there was no failure to comply with the requirement in respect of which the penalty charge notice was issued; c that there was a reasonable excuse for the failure to comply with the said requirement; d that the said requirement is unreasonable; e that the receptacles in which household waste is placed for collection from the premises are adequate; f that, in the case of a failure to comply with any requirement relating to the periods during which receptacles should be placed on a highway, no sign relating to those requirements was displayed on the side of the road, as required by subsection (4) of the said section 20 or subsection (4) of the said section 22 as the case may be; g that the penalty charge exceeded the amount applicable in the circumstances of the case. 5 Where any of the grounds mentioned in subsection (4)(a) above is relied on in any representations made under subsection (1) of the said section 62, those representations must include a statement of the name and address of the occupier (if that information is in the recipient’s possession). Littering from vehicles 24 1 This section is a penalty charge provision for the purposes of section 61 (penalty charges) of this Act. 2 Subject to subsection (3) below, a penalty charge is payable to a borough council for the purposes of the said section 61 with respect to a motor vehicle or a pedicab by the owner of the vehicle or pedicab if a person inside or on board the vehicle or pedicab acts in contravention of section 87 of the 1990 Act (offence of leaving litter). 3 A penalty charge is not payable under subsection (2) above by the owner of a motor vehicle or pedicab if that vehicle or pedicab is— a a public service vehicle, within the meaning of the Public Passenger Vehicles Act 1981 (c. 14) ; b a hackney carriage licensed under the Town Police Clauses Act 1847 (c. 89) or the Metropolitan Public Carriage Act 1869 (c. 115) ; c a private hire vehicle licensed under the Private Hire Vehicles (London) Act 1998 (c. 34) ; d a vehicle licensed under section 48 of the Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1976 (c. 57) (licensing of private hire vehicles); and the person acting in contravention of the said section 87 is a passenger in that vehicle. 4 The said section 87 shall apply in respect of a borough as if after paragraph (b) of subsection (2) there were inserted or c done in circumstances where a penalty charge would be payable to a London borough council by virtue of section 24(2) (littering from vehicles) of the London Local Authorities Act 2007 (c. ii) . . 5 The owner of the vehicle is the appropriate recipient for the purposes of the said section 61. 6 For the purposes of subsection (1) of section 62 (representations and appeals) of this Act the grounds on which representations may be made against a penalty charge notice arising from a penalty charge payable by virtue of this section are— a that the recipient— i never was the owner of the vehicle in question; ii had ceased to be its owner before the date on which the penalty charge was alleged to have become payable; or iii became its owner after that date; b that no person inside the vehicle acted in contravention of the said section 87; c that at the time the alleged contravention took place the person who was in control of the vehicle was in control of the vehicle without the consent of the owner; d (except in the case of a pedicab) that the recipient is a vehicle-hire firm and— i the vehicle in question was at the material time hired from that firm under a vehicle hiring agreement; and ii the person hiring it had signed a statement of liability acknowledging his liability in respect of any penalty notice issued in respect of the vehicle during the currency of the hiring agreement; or e that the penalty charge exceeded the amount applicable in the circumstances of the case. 7 Where the ground mentioned in subsection (6)(a)(ii) above is relied on in any representations made under subsection (1) of the said section 62, those representations must include a statement of the name and address of the person to whom the vehicle was disposed of by the person making the representations (if that information is in his possession). 8 Where the ground mentioned in subsection (6)(a)(iii) above is relied on in any representations made under the said subsection (1), those representations must include a statement of the name and address of the person from whom the vehicle was acquired by the person making the representations (if that information is in his possession). 9 Where, after considering any representations under the said subsection (1) the ground that is accepted is that mentioned in subsection (6)(d) above, the person hiring the vehicle shall be deemed to be its owner for the purposes of this section. 10 The owner of a vehicle for the purposes of this section shall be taken to be the person by whom the vehicle is kept, or in the case of an abandoned vehicle, the person by whom the vehicle was last kept. 11 In determining, for the purposes of this section, who was the owner of a motor vehicle at any time, it shall be presumed that the owner was the person in whose name the vehicle was at that time registered under the Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994 (c. 22) . 12 In this section, “motor vehicle” means a mechanically propelled vehicle intended or adapted for use on roads. Powers to require removal of waste unlawfully deposited 25 1 Subject to subsections (4) and (8) below, section 59 of the 1990 Act shall have effect in the area of a borough council in accordance with this section. 2 For paragraph (a) of subsection (3) there is substituted— a the appellant took all reasonable precautions and exercised all due diligence to avoid the deposit of the waste; . 3 After subsection (3) the following subsection is inserted— 3A If in any case the ground given by the appellant under subsection (3)(a) above involves the allegation that the depositing of the waste was due to the act or default of another person, the appellant shall not, without leave of the court, be entitled to rely on that ground unless, no later than 7 clear days before the hearing of the appeal, he has served on the waste regulation authority or waste control authority a notice in writing giving such information (if any) as was then in his possession identifying or assisting in the identification of that other person. . 4 The amendments made by this section shall not have effect until a code of practice dealing with the operation of section 59(3)(a) of the 1990 Act as substituted by subsection (2) above is published by a joint committee. 5 A council shall have regard to the code of practice when exercising their powers under section 59. 6 The joint committee shall cause to be published in the London Gazette notice of the date on which the amendments made by this section come into effect. 7 A photostatic or any other reproduction certified by the officer appointed for that purpose by a borough council to be a true reproduction of a page or part of a page of the London Gazette— a bearing the date of its publication; and b containing the notice, shall be evidence of the publication of the notice and of the date of publication. 8 This section shall not apply to notices served under section 59 of the 1990 Act in respect of— a the operational land of a protected party; b a highway or special road for which the Minister is the highway authority (see section 1 of the Highways Act 1980 (c. 66) ); c land forming any part of an aerodrome within the meaning of the Aviation Security Act 1982 (c. 36) ; d harbour premises within the meaning of Part 3 of the 1990 Act; or e other land comprised in a port facility within the meaning of article 2 of Regulation (EC) No. 725/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on enhancing ship and port facility security. 9 In this section— “joint committee” means any joint committee established under section 101(5) of the Local Government Act 1972 (c. 70) and comprising at least one member from each borough council; “operational land” has the same meaning as in the Planning Act; “protected party” means— Network Rail Infrastructure Limited; and Transport for London, and their subsidiaries (within the meaning given by section 1159 of the Companies Act 2006 (c. 46) ), servants, agents and contractors. Civic amenity sites 26 1 A borough council may require proof from a person depositing, intending to deposit or attempting to deposit refuse or waste at an amenity site that the person is resident in the area of the council or in the area of an adjoining local authority (such proof to be in such reasonable form as the council may specify). 2 Any person who fails to prove to the council’s reasonable satisfaction that he is resident in an area in accordance with a requirement under subsection (1) above may be the subject of a requirement under subsection (4) below. 3 If a council— a are satisfied that a person is depositing, intending to deposit or attempting to deposit at an amenity site refuse which is refuse falling to be disposed of in the course of a business; or b are satisfied that refuse or waste is being or has been deposited at an amenity site in contravention of any requirements made by them relating to the receptacles to be used for the deposit of refuse or waste, the person depositing, intending to deposit or attempting to deposit the refuse or waste may be the subject of a requirement under subsection (4) below. 4 A requirement under this subsection is a requirement— a not to enter the site; b not to deposit waste or refuse at the site; c to discontinue depositing waste or refuse at the site; or d to retrieve any waste or refuse which has been deposited at the site and— i remove it from the site; or ii (in the case of waste or refuse which was placed in an incorrect receptacle) either place it in the correct receptacle or remove it from the site. 5 Any person who without reasonable excuse fails to comply with a requirement under subsection (4) above shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction— a in the case of an offence arising from an alleged failure to comply with a requirement under the said subsection (4) which was made as a result of the relevant authority being satisfied under subsection (3)(b) above, to a fine not exceeding level 1 on the standard scale; b in any other case to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale. 6 Any person who, in response to a requirement to show proof in accordance with subsection (1) above gives information which is false in a material particular and does so recklessly or knowing it to be false in that particular, shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale. 7 In any proceedings for an offence under subsection (5) above, it shall be a defence— a (in the case of an alleged failure to comply with a requirement under subsection (4) above which was made as a result of the council not being satisfied under subsection (2) above), that the council’s requirements relating to the proof required by them were not made clear by the provision of signs at or near to the entrance to the amenity site; b (in the case of an alleged failure to comply with a requirement under subsection (4) above which was made as a result of the relevant authority being satisfied under subsection (3)(b)), that the council’s requirements relating to the receptacles to be used for the deposit of refuse or waste were not made clear by the provision of signs at the amenity site. 8 This subsection applies where a council have reasonable cause to believe that an offence under this section has been committed in their area by a person (in this section referred to as the “person responsible”) who was— a the driver of a vehicle in the amenity site; b in charge of a vehicle in the amenity site; c otherwise brought to the amenity site in a vehicle. 9 Where subsection (8) above applies, the council may by notice in writing, specifying the offence and the provision of this section to which the notice relates, require— a the registered keeper of the vehicle to give them such information as they may require as to the identity of the person responsible; b any other person to give them any information which it is in that person’s power to give and which may lead to the identification of the person responsible. 10 A person shall be guilty of an offence if he fails to comply with a requirement of a notice under subsection (9) above or knowingly or recklessly gives false information in relation to the notice. 11 In any proceedings for failing to comply with such a requirement brought against the registered keeper of the vehicle it shall be a defence if he shows to the satisfaction of the court that he did not know and could not with reasonable diligence have ascertained who was the person responsible. 12 A person guilty of an offence under subsection (10) above shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale. 13 Where on summary trial of an information for an offence referred to in subsection (10) above— a it is proved to the satisfaction of the court, on oath or in manner prescribed by rules made under section 144 of the Magistrates' Courts Act 1980 (c. 43) , that a requirement under subsection (9) above to give information as to the identity of the person responsible on the particular occasion to which the information relates has been served on the accused; and b a written statement that the accused was the person responsible on that occasion is produced to the court; and c the statement purports to be signed by the accused, the court may accept that statement as evidence that the accused was the person responsible. 14 In this section— a an “amenity site” means a place provided by a council in compliance with a duty to provide places where refuse may be deposited, by virtue of section 1 of the 1978 Act; b “local authority” means a borough council, a district council, or (in the case of a county in which there are no district councils) a county council; c “registered keeper” in respect of a vehicle at any time means the person in whose name the vehicle was at that time registered under the Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994 (c. 22) . Abandoned and nuisance vehicles Removal of abandoned and nuisance vehicles 27 1 Section 3(2) (requirement to give notice to occupier) of the 1978 Act does not apply where the vehicle is abandoned on any relevant land in Greater London. 2 This section is without prejudice to section 3(2A) of the 1978 Act (no requirement to give notice to occupier in the case of vehicle abandoned on a road). 3 In this section, “relevant land” means land to which the public has access, and does not include any— a land within the curtilage of a dwelling; b driveway giving access to a dwelling; c fuel or field garden allotment within the meaning of section 19 of the Acquisition of Land Act 1981 (c. 67) . Disposal of removed vehicles 28 1 Section 4 (disposal of abandoned vehicles) of the 1978 Act shall have effect in the area of a borough council in accordance with this section. 2 For subsection (5), there is substituted— 5 The local authority shall permit a person to remove a vehicle from their custody before it is disposed of by the local authority in pursuance of this section, if that person— a satisfies the authority that— i he is its owner; and ii either of subsections (5A) or (5B) below applies; and iii he is insured to drive the vehicle; and b gives a bond in the prescribed sum to the authority in the case— i where no current licence is displayed on the vehicle; or ii where no test certificate is shown to the authority, in the case where section 47 of the Road Traffic Act 1988 (c. 52) (obligatory test certificates) applies to the vehicle; and c pays to the authority such sums in respect of its removal and storage as may be prescribed. 5A This subsection applies if the person in question has not been offered the opportunity to pay a fixed penalty under section 2A above. 5B This subsection applies if the person in question has been offered the opportunity to pay a fixed penalty under section 2A above and— a he has paid it; or b he has not paid it and the period mentioned in section 2A(2)(a) above has not expired; or c he has not paid it and the period within which proceedings may be instituted for the offence in question has expired and no such proceedings have been issued; d he has not paid it and proceedings for the offence have been instituted but not determined. 5C A bond under subsection (5)(b) above shall be repaid by the authority to the person who gave it once the authority is satisfied that a current licence has been obtained and can be displayed on the vehicle, or a test certificate has been issued in respect of the vehicle, as the case may be. 5D In subsection (5)(b) “prescribed sum” means such sum as may be prescribed by a joint committee established under section 101(5) of the Local Government Act 1972 (c. 70) and consisting of at least one representative from each London borough council. . Enforcement action zones Enforcement action zones 29 1 Subject to section 30 (designation procedure for enforcement action zones) of this Act, a borough council (or two or more borough councils acting jointly) may designate an area of land in which, in their opinion, it is expedient that enhanced environmental crime enforcement action should be enabled. 2 An area designated under this section shall be known as an enforcement action zone and in this section and the said section 30 the council or councils designating the zone shall be known as the “designating authority”. 3 The area designated under this section may comprise two or more parcels of land which— a need not be contiguous; and b need not be in the area of the same borough council. 4 In deciding whether to designate any area of land, the designating authority shall have regard to such matters as they think fit. 5 Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (4) above, among the matters to which the designating authority may have regard in deciding whether to include a particular area of land in an order under this section, are— a the level of environmental crime in the area; b the nature of use of land in the area; c the location of schools, playgrounds, recreation grounds, parks and other open spaces in the area; d the living conditions of those who live in the area and the social conditions and general environment of the area. 6 A designating authority may by resolution bring to an end a designation under this section. 7 In this section, “environmental crime” means criminal activity which is related to the degradation of the amenity of an area. Designation procedure for enforcement action zones 30 1 Before designating any area under section 29 (enforcement action zones) of this Act, the designating authority shall publish, or cause to be published, in at least one local newspaper circulating in the locality, a notice that such a proposal has been made, naming a place or places in the locality where a map or maps defining the area concerned may be inspected at all reasonable hours. 2 Any notice under subsection (1) above shall state that any objection to the proposal may be made to the proper officer of any one of the borough councils of whom the designating authority is comprised, in writing within such period (not being less than 21 days from the date when the notice was given), as is specified in the notice. 3 The designating authority shall not designate an area under this section until after the expiry of the specified period. 4 In determining whether to designate an area under this section, the authority— a shall take into account any objections made in accordance with subsection (2) above; b may modify the proposal if— i they have notified, in writing, any person who has made an objection or representation to them of their intention and their reasons for it and has given them a reasonable opportunity to respond; and ii the intended modification does not extend the area of land specified in the proposal. 5 Where the authority designates an area under this section, they shall notify any person who has made an objection in accordance with subsection (2) above. 6 The designation shall not come into effect until the approval of the Secretary of State has been obtained. 7 Any approval given by the Secretary of State under subsection (6) above— a shall not be given until the designating authority has notified the Secretary of State that they have designated the area in accordance with this section; b shall be given in writing to the designating authority; and c may require the designating authority to make such modifications to the designation as he thinks appropriate. 8 The designating authority shall comply with any requirements made under subsection (7)(c) above. 9 Notice of the coming into effect of the designation of a particular area shall be published by the authority in at least one local newspaper circulating in the locality and on the same or a subsequent date in the London Gazette, and such notice shall— a contain a full statement of the effect of the designation; b describe any modifications made in accordance with any requirements made under subsection (7)(c) above; c name a place or places in the locality where a copy of the designation and of a map defining the area concerned may be seen at all reasonable hours; and d specify a date when the designation shall come into effect, being at least 14 and not more than 28 days after the publication of the notice in the London Gazette. 10 A designation shall come into effect on the date specified in the notice given under subsection (9) above. Enforcement action zones: modification of enactments 31 1 If an enforcement action zone is established in an area, the enactments set out in the first column in Part 1 of the table in Schedule 2 to this Act shall as respects offences committed in the zone apply and have effect as if amended in accordance with the second column of that Part of that table. 2 The enactments set out in the first column in Part 2 of the table in the said Schedule 2 shall apply and have effect in a borough as if amended in accordance with the second column of that Part of that table. Town and country planning Application of section 215 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 to vegetation 32 1 In section 215 of the Planning Act (power to require proper maintenance of land) as it applies in Greater London, “the condition of land” includes the condition of vegetation which is growing on or overhanging the land in question. 2 In section 217 of the Planning Act (appeal to magistrates' court against section 215 notice), subsection (1)(b) shall not apply in Greater London in respect of a notice so far as it relates to the condition of vegetation which is growing on or overhanging land. PART 3 Licensing CHAPTER 1 Hostess Bars and Near Beer Premises Hostess bars 33 1 This section shall come into operation— a at the end of the period of two months beginning with the date on which this Act is passed, as regards the City of Westminster; b as from the appointed day as regards any other borough, where the borough council have resolved in accordance with subsection (1) of section 12 (amendment of law relating to sex establishments) of the Greater London Council (General Powers) Act 1986 (c. iv) that the amendments to Schedule 3 to the Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1982 (c. 30) set out in subsection (4) of that section shall apply in their area. 2 The said Schedule 3 shall apply in the area of the borough as follows. 3 In paragraph 2, after the words “sex encounter establishment” the words “, a hostess bar” are inserted. 4 Paragraph 3A (inserted, as far as that Schedule applies in Greater London, by section 12 of the Greater London Council (General Powers) Act 1986) is renumbered as sub-paragraph 3A(1) and the following sub-paragraph is inserted after it— 2 In sub-paragraph (1) above, “premises” includes any vehicle, vessel or stall. . 5 After paragraph 3A, the following paragraph is inserted— Meaning of “hostess bar” 3B 1 Subject to sub-paragraph (2) below, in this Schedule “hostess bar” means— a any premises used for a business which consists, whether in whole or in part, of the offering, expressly or by implication, whether on payment of a fee or not, of the provision of companions for customers on the premises; or b any premises in respect of which any impression, by whatever means, is given to customers, or potential customers, that a performance, entertainment, service, exhibition or other experience of a sexual nature is available on the said premises; or c any premises in respect of which any impression, by whatever means, is given to customers, or potential customers, that alcoholic refreshments are available on the said premises despite the premises not being the subject of a premises licence or a club certificate under the 2003 Act. 2 The following premises are not hostess bars for the purposes of this paragraph, namely— a premises in which the sale to customers for consumption of alcohol is not a licensable activity under or by virtue of the 2003 Act; b premises in respect of which there is in force— i a licence granted by the council under section 21 (licensing of public exhibitions, etc.) of the Greater London Council (General Powers) Act 1966 (c. xxviii) ; ii a premises licence granted under Part 3 of the 2003 Act; iii a club premises certificate granted under Part 4 of the 2003 Act; iv a temporary event notice given under the 2003 Act, by virtue of which the premises may be used for the supply of alcohol (within the meaning of section 14 of that Act); v a licence under Part II of the Gaming Act 1968 (c. 65) , 3 Sub-paragraph (2)(b) applies— a only during the hours permitted by the licence or notice there mentioned, and b only if provided that the premises are in use wholly or mainly and bona fide for the purpose authorised by the licence, notice or certificate. 4 In sub-paragraph (1) above, “premises” includes any vehicle, vessel or stall. 5 In this paragraph, “the 2003 Act” means the Licensing Act 2003 (c. 17) . . 6 In paragraphs 13(2)(a) and (b) after the words “sex establishments” there shall be inserted the words “, hostess bars”. 7 For paragraph 13(3)(d) there shall be substituted the following sub-paragraph— d any change— i of a sex cinema to a sex shop, a sex encounter establishment, or hostess bar; ii of a sex shop to a sex encounter establishment, a sex cinema or a hostess bar; iii of a sex encounter establishment to a sex cinema, a sex shop or a hostess bar; or iv of a hostess bar to a sex cinema, a sex shop or a sex encounter establishment. . Application to existing premises 34 1 This section applies to premises falling within paragraph 3B of Schedule 3 to the Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1982 (c. 30) , inserted by section 33 (hostess bars) of this Act, which exist on the date on which that section comes into force in the borough in which they are situated. 2 Until the period of four weeks commencing with that date has expired, paragraph 6(1) of that Schedule shall not apply to those premises by reason that they fall within the said paragraph 3B. 3 If an application for a licence under that Schedule is made in respect of those premises during that period, they may lawfully continue to be used for the purposes mentioned in the said paragraph 3B until the determination or withdrawal of that application, and if an appeal is lodged until the determination or abandonment of the appeal. Near beer premises 35 On the day that section 33 (hostess bars) of this Act comes into force in a borough, Part IV (near beer premises) of the London Local Authorities Act 1995 (c. x) shall cease to have effect as respects that borough. CHAPTER 2 Street Trading Introductory Interpretation of Chapter 2 36 In this Chapter— “the Act of 1990” means the London Local Authorities Act 1990 (c. vii) ; “the Act of 1999” means the City of Westminster Act 1999 (c. i) . Street trading on certain bridges Bridges in the City of Westminster and London Borough of Lambeth 37 1 The city council and the borough council may enter into agreements to secure that— a Part III (street trading) of the Act of 1990; or b the Act of 1999, shall apply as respects the whole or part of any relevant bridge. 2 If an agreement is made under subsection (1) above, the Act of 1999 or Part III of the Act of 1990, as the case may be, shall apply to the part of the relevant bridge in question as though it was within the area of the city or, as the case may be, the borough. 3 Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (2) above, proceedings in relation to an alleged offence of unlicensed street trading on a relevant bridge shall be commenced in the magistrates' court for the relevant petty sessions area. 4 Either council may rescind any agreement under subsection (1) above by giving three months' written notice to the other. 5 Where, immediately before the date on which an agreement under this section comes into effect or is rescinded (the “relevant date”)— a a street trading licence is held under Part III of the Act of 1990 or the Act of 1999, as the case may be, in respect of an area which is the subject of the agreement; b any proceedings in respect of an offence under Part III of the Act of 1990 or under the Act of 1999, as the case may be, had been commenced; and c by that agreement— i the Act of 1999 applies to the area instead of Part III of the Act of 1990; or ii Part III of the Act of 1990 applies to the area instead of the Act of 1999, subsection (6) or (7) below shall apply, as appropriate. 6 In the circumstances mentioned in subsection (5)(a) above, the licence in question shall continue in force subject to the same conditions as though it had been issued under whichever of Part III of the Act of 1990 or the Act of 1999 applies after the relevant date. 7 In the circumstances mentioned in subsection (5)(b) above, the proceedings in question shall continue until their conclusion under whichever of Part III of the Act of 1990 or the Act of 1999 applied before the relevant date, notwithstanding that Part III of the Act of 1990 or the Act of 1999 no longer applies to the part of the bridge in question. 8 In this section— “the borough” means the borough of Lambeth and “borough council” shall be construed accordingly; “the city” means the City of Westminster and “city council” shall be construed accordingly; “relevant bridge” means— Westminster Bridge, the Hungerford Footbridges, Lambeth Bridge and Vauxhall Bridge; and any other bridge carrying a street across the river Thames constructed after the date on which this Act was passed, if part of the bridge is in the city and part in the borough; and the approaches to any such bridge; “relevant petty sessions area” means— a petty sessions area, the whole or part of which is in the city, if the effect of an agreement under this section is to apply the Act of 1999 to the bridge; a petty sessions area, the whole or part of which is in the borough, if the effect of an agreement under this section is to apply Part III of the Act of 1990 to the bridge; “street” means any street to which Part III of the Act of 1990 or the Act of 1999 applies, as the case may be. London Local Authorities Act 1990 Interpretation of Part III of Act of 1990 38 1 Section 21 (interpretation of Part III) of the Act of 1990 is amended as follows. 2 For the definition of “itinerant ice cream trading” there is substituted— “itinerant ice cream trading” means ice cream trading from a vehicle which goes from place to place remaining in any one location in the course of trading for periods of 15 minutes or less and not returning to that location or any other location in the same street on the same day;”. 3 In paragraph (b) of the definition of “street”, for “have access without payment”, there is substituted obtain access without payment— i whether or not they need the consent of the owner or occupier; and ii if they do, whether or not they have obtained it; . 4 In the definition of “street trading”— a for “subsection (2)” substitute “subsections (1A) and (2)”; b after “gain or reward”, the words “(whether or not the gain or reward accrues to the person actually carrying out the trading)” are inserted. 5 After subsection (1), the following subsection is inserted— 1A In determining whether activity amounts to street trading for the purposes of this Act, the fact that— a a transaction was completed elsewhere than in a street in the case where the initial offer or display of the articles in question or the offer of services, as the case may be, took place in a street; b either party to the transaction was not in a street at the time it was completed; c the articles actually sold or services actually supplied, as the case may be, were different from those offered, shall be disregarded. . 6 Paragraphs (f) and (g) of subsection (2) are omitted. Applications for street trading licences under Act of 1990 39 1 Section 25 (application for street trading licences) of the Act of 1990 is amended as follows. 2 In subsection (1), for “renewing a licence, other than a temporary licence” substitute “renewing a street trading licence”. 3 After subsection (2), the following subsection is inserted— 2A In the case of an application for a street trading licence which, if granted, would authorise street trading on land which falls within paragraph (b) in the definition of “street” in subsection (1) of section 21 (interpretation of Part III) of this Act, the applicant shall provide evidence in writing— a that he has consent to trade on the land from the owner of the land in question; or b that he is the owner of the land in question. . 4 In paragraph (a)(iv) of subsection (4), for “a licence which is not a temporary licence to trade” substitute “a street trading licence which, if granted, would authorise trading”. 5 After paragraph (b) in subsection (4), the following paragraph is inserted— c shall not be granted in the case of an application for a street trading licence which, if granted, would authorise street trading on land which falls within paragraph (b) in the definition of “street” in subsection (1) of section 21 (interpretation of Part III) of this Act, unless the applicant has provided sufficient such evidence as is mentioned in subsection (2A) above to satisfy the council. . Lapsing of street trading licence under Act of 1990 40 1 In subsection (4)(b) of section 29 (further provisions relating to grant, renewal or revocation of street trading licences) of the Act of 1990, for “the next following subsection” there is substituted “section 30 (Part III appeals) of this Act”. 2 After the said section 29, the following section is inserted— Lapsing of licence in certain cases 29A In the case of a street trading licence which authorises street trading on land which falls within paragraph (b) in the definition of “street” in subsection (1) of section 21 (interpretation of Part III) of this Act, the licence shall lapse if— a the consent is discontinued by the person who gave it, or a successor in title of that person, and the council is provided with written notice of the discontinuation of the consent by the person who discontinues it; or b the holder of the licence no longer is the owner of the land in question, as the case may be. . Temporary licences 41 1 Section 31 (temporary licences) of the Act of 1990 is amended as follows. 2 After subsection (1), the following subsections are inserted— 1A A council may grant a temporary licence in any street, whether or not it is a licensed street. 1B In the case of an application for a temporary licence which, if granted, would authorise street trading on land which falls within paragraph (b) in the definition of “street” in subsection (1) of section 21 (interpretation of Part III) of this Act, the applicant shall provide evidence in writing— a that he has the consent to trade on the land from the owner of the land in question; or b that he is the owner of the land in question. 1C An application for a temporary licence shall not be granted, if the licence would authorise street trading on land which falls within the said paragraph (b), unless the applicant has provided sufficient evidence, as is mentioned in subsection (2A) of section 25 (application for street trading licence) of this Act, to satisfy the council. 1D In the case of a temporary licence which authorises street trading on land which falls within the said paragraph (b), the licence shall lapse if— a the permission to trade on the land is discontinued, and the council is provided with written notice of the discontinuance of the permission by the person who gave the permission or by a successor in title to that person; or b the holder of the licence is no longer the owner of the land in question or no longer has sufficient interest in the land to trade on the land without the permission of another person. 1E The council may revoke or suspend the operation of a temporary licence held in respect of land which falls within the said paragraph (b) if circumstances have arisen since the grant of the licence or are about to arise which necessitate such revocation or suspension on the grounds of safety. 1F Where a temporary licence is revoked or suspended under subsection (1E) above, the council shall return to the licensee such proportion of any fee paid for the granting of the licence as is appropriate, taking into account the period for which the licence was granted and the period remaining on the licence when it was revoked or the period for which the licence was suspended, as the case may be. . Offences under Act of 1990 42 In subsection (4) of section 34 (offences) of the Act of 1990, the words “duly signed by him and” are omitted. Employment of assistants under Act of 1990 43 1 Section 36 (employment of assistants) of the Act of 1990 is amended as follows. 2 After “street trading licence” (where those words first appear), the words “or a temporary licence” are inserted. 3 For “street trading licence” where those words appear for the second time, substitute “licence”. Unlicensed street trading under Act of 1990 44 1 Section 38 (unlicensed street trading) of the Act of 1990 is amended as follows. 2 In subsection (4)— a at the beginning, the words “Subject to section 38A (seizure of perishable items) of this Act”, are inserted; b the proviso is omitted. 3 In subsection (4C)— a in paragraph (a), at the beginning, the words “Subject to section 38B (motor vehicles) of this Act,” are inserted; b in paragraph (e), for “identify that person and” substitute “identify that person or”; c for paragraph (f) substitute— f paragraph (g) below applies where the article, thing, receptacle or equipment is not returned because— i it has not proved possible to identify the person from whom it was seized or ascertain his address; or ii the person from whom it was seized and the owner (if different) have disclaimed or refused to accept it. g where this paragraph applies, the council may make a complaint to the magistrates' court for a disposal order under section 38C (disposal orders) of this Act (whether or not proceedings for an offence under this section have been commenced). . Seizure of perishable items 45 After section 38 (unlicensed street trading) of the Act of 1990, the following section is inserted— Seizure of perishable items 38A 1 No item which is of a perishable nature (in this section referred to as a “perishable item”) shall be seized under the provisions of subsection (4) of section 38 (unlicensed street trading) of this Act unless the authorised officer or constable gives a certificate under subsection (2) below to the person from whom the item is seized. 2 Where a perishable item is seized under the said section 38, the person from whom it is seized must be given a certificate— a stating the effect of subsection (4) below and subsection (6) of the said section 38; b giving the address from which the item may be collected; c informing the recipient that if he is not the owner of the item, then he should give the owner the information referred to in paragraphs (a) and (b) above. 3 The council or the police shall store any perishable item seized under the said section 38 at an appropriate temperature. 4 If the person from whom a perishable item was so seized fails to collect it within 48 hours of the seizure the council or the police may dispose of it. 5 When any perishable item is disposed of by the council under subsection (4) above, the council shall have a duty to secure the best possible price which can reasonably be obtained for it. 6 Paragraphs (a) to (d) of subsection (4C), and subsections (5) and (6) of the said section 38 shall apply to perishable items seized under that section only in cases where the item concerned has not been disposed of by the council at the conclusion of the proceedings in respect of the alleged offence in relation to which the item was seized. 7 Paragraphs (e) and (f) of subsection (4C) of the said section 38 shall apply to perishable items seized under that section only in cases where the item concerned has not been disposed of by the council at the expiration of the period mentioned in the said paragraph (e); otherwise subsections (9) to (12) below shall apply. 8 Subsection (8) of the said section 38 shall apply with the omission of paragraph (c) in respect of perishable items seized under that section only in cases where the item concerned has not been disposed of by the council by the time the circumstances mentioned in paragraph (a)(ii)(A) or (B) arise; otherwise subsections (9) to (12) below shall apply. 9 Subsection (12) below shall have effect where the council have disposed of a perishable item under subsection (4) above and any of the following conditions apply. 10 The first condition is that no proceedings in respect of the alleged offence in relation to which the item was seized are instituted before the expiration of a period of 28 days beginning with the date of seizure of the item, or any such proceedings instituted within that period are discontinued. 11 The second condition is that— a not less than six months have passed since the date of the seizure and no information has been laid against any person for an offence under the said section 38 in respect of the acts or circumstances which occasioned the seizure; or b proceedings for such an offence have been brought and either the person charged has been acquitted (whether or not on appeal) and the time for appealing against or challenging the acquittal (where applicable) has expired without an appeal or challenge being brought, or the proceedings (including any appeal) have been withdrawn by, or have failed for want of prosecution by, the person by whom the original proceedings were brought. 12 When this subsection has effect a person who has, or at the time of seizure had, a legal interest in the item seized may recover compensation from the borough council or (where it is seized by a constable) the Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis by civil action in the County Court in respect of any loss suffered by him as a result of the seizure and any such compensation shall not be included in the computation for calculating charges under section 32 (fees and charges) of this Act. . Motor vehicles 46 After section 38A (seizure of perishable items) of the Act of 1990 (inserted by section 45 (seizure of perishable items of this Act) the following section is inserted— Motor vehicles 38B 1 Subsection (4) below applies where the following conditions are met. 2 The first condition is that where, in ascertaining the identity of the person from whom a vehicle was seized under subsection (4) or (4A) of section 38 (unlicensed street trading) of this Act, a borough council has, before the expiry of 14 days from the date of the seizure, made a request to the Secretary of State for the supply of relevant particulars. 3 The second condition is that those particulars have not been supplied to the council before the date after which that council would, but for this section, have to return the vehicle in accordance with subsection (4C)(e) of that section. 4 Where this subsection applies, the council must return the vehicle to its owner if— a no proceedings are instituted in respect of the alleged offence in respect of which the vehicle was seized before the expiry of the period of 14 days beginning with the date on which the relevant particulars are supplied; or b any such proceedings instituted within that period are discontinued, at the expiry of that period or on the discontinuance of the proceedings, as the case may be. 5 If the council seeks to return a vehicle in accordance with the said subsection (4C)(e) or subsection (4), but the person to whom the council seeks to return the vehicle cannot be found or disclaims or refuses to accept the vehicle, the council may make a complaint for a disposal order in respect of the vehicle under section 38C (disposal orders) of this Act. 6 In this section, “relevant particulars” are particulars relating to the identity of the owner of the vehicle contained in the register of mechanically propelled vehicles maintained by the Secretary of State under the Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994 (c. 22) . 7 The owner of a vehicle for the purposes of this section shall be taken to be the person by whom the vehicle is kept. 8 In determining who was the owner of a motor vehicle at any time, it shall be presumed that the owner is the person in whose name the vehicle is at that time registered under the Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994. . Disposal orders 47 After section 38B (motor vehicles) of the Act of 1990 (inserted by section 46 (motor vehicles) of this Act) the following section is inserted— Disposal orders 38C 1 This section applies in respect of a complaint made by a borough council for a disposal order in respect of— a an article or thing under subsection (4C)(f)(ii) of section 38 (unlicensed street trading) of this Act; or b a motor vehicle under subsection (5) of section 38B (motor vehicles) of this Act, and such articles, things and motor vehicles are together referred to as “seized items” in this section. 2 In respect of a complaint to which this section applies, a magistrates' court may, if it is satisfied that the council has made reasonable efforts to identify the person from whom the seized item was seized or its owner, as the case may be, or has made reasonable efforts to return the seized item, it may make an order authorising the complainant council— a to dispose of the seized item in question; and b after payment out of any proceeds arising from the disposal of the expenses incurred in the seizure, storage and disposal, to apply the balance, if any, towards the costs of the council as mentioned in paragraphs (a) to (d) of subsection (2) of section 32 (fees and charges) of this Act. 3 The court shall not make a disposal order under subsection (2) above where a person claiming to be the owner of or otherwise interested in the seized item in question applies to be heard by the court, unless an opportunity has been given to him to show cause why the order should not be made. 4 Subsection (5) below applies where— a a person appears before the court under subsection (3) above to show why the order should not be made; and b the court makes an order under subsection (2) above authorising the council to dispose of the item; and c the seized item in question is not of sufficient value to defray the expenses of seizing and storing it; and d the court is satisfied that the person mentioned in paragraph (a) above was the owner of the seized item in question or was the person from whom it was seized, as the case may be. 5 Where this section applies, the court may order that the person mentioned in subsection (4)(a) above pay the expenses, or the balance of the expenses, reasonably incurred by the council in seizing and storing the seized item in question. 6 In considering whether to make an order under subsection (2) above a court shall have regard— a to the value of the seized item; b to the likely financial and other effects on the offender of the making of the order (taken together with any other order that the court contemplates making); and c any other circumstances considered to be relevant. 7 The court may make a disposal order under this section notwithstanding that the value of the seized item would exceed the maximum penalty for the offence in respect of which the seized item had originally been seized had the said offence been prosecuted to conviction. 8 For the purposes of this section, “owner” in respect of a vehicle, has the same meaning as it has for the purposes of the said section 38B. . Transitional provisions 48 1 Where— a a person uses for trading under Part VIIA of the Highways Act 1980 (c. 66) , any object or structure placed on, in or over a highway in a borough immediately before the date on which subsection (6) of section 38 (interpretation of Part III of Act of 1990) of this Act comes into force in the borough; or b operates facilities in the borough for recreation or refreshment under the said Part VIIA immediately before that date on which this section comes into force in the borough; and c application for— i the grant of a street trading licence to authorise that activity; or ii the variation of an existing street trading licence to authorise that activity, is made in respect of those premises within four weeks of that date, subsection (2) below applies to that activity. 2 Any activity to which this subsection applies may lawfully continue to be carried on until the determination or withdrawal of the application mentioned in subsection (1) above and if an appeal is lodged until the determination or abandonment of the appeal. Keeling Schedule 49 Part III of the Act of 1990, as amended by the London Local Authorities Act 1994 (c. xii) , the London Local Authorities Act 2004 (c. i) and this Act, is set out in Schedule 3 to this Act. City of Westminster Act 1999 Interpretation of Act of 1999 50 1 Section 2 (interpretation) of the Act of 1999 is renumbered as subsection (1) and amended as follows. 2 In paragraph (b) of the definition of “street”, for “have access without payment” there is substituted obtain access without payment— i whether or not they need the consent of the owner or occupier; and ii if they do, whether or not they have obtained it; . 3 In the definition of “street trading”— a before “section 3” the words “subsection (2) below and” are inserted; b after “gain or reward”, the words “(whether or not the gain or reward accrues to the person actually carrying out the trading)” are inserted. 4 After subsection (1) as renumbered by subsection (1) above, the following subsection is inserted— 2 In determining whether activity amounts to street trading for the purposes of this Act, the fact— a that a transaction was completed elsewhere than in a street in the case where the initial offer or display of the articles in question or the offer of services, as the case may be, took place in a street; b that either party to the transaction was not in a street at the time it was completed; c that the articles actually sold or services actually supplied, as the case may be, were different from those offered, shall be disregarded. . Applications for street trading licences under Act of 1999 51 1 Section 11 (applications) of the Act of 1999 is amended as follows. 2 After subsection (2), the following subsection is inserted— 2A In the case of an application for a street trading licence which, if granted, would authorise street trading on land which falls within paragraph (b) in the definition of “street” in subsection (1) of section 2 (interpretation) of this Act, the applicant shall provide evidence in writing— a that he has consent to trade on the land from the owner of the land in question; or b that he is the owner of the land in question. . Mandatory grounds of refusal of application under Act of 1999 52 1 Section 12 (mandatory grounds of refusal) of the Act of 1999 is amended as follows. 2 After paragraph (f) in subsection (1), the following paragraph is inserted— g where the application, if granted, would authorise street trading on land which falls within paragraph (b) in the definition of “street” in subsection (1) of section 2 (interpretation) of this Act, unless the applicant has provided sufficient such evidence as is mentioned in subsection (2A) above to satisfy the council. . Lapsing of street trading licence under Act of 1999 53 After section 17 (further provisions relating to grant, renewal or revocation of street trading licences) of the Act of 1999, the following section is inserted— Lapsing of licence in certain cases 17A In the case of a street trading licence which authorises street trading on land which falls within paragraph (b) in the definition of “street” in subsection (1) of section 2 (interpretation) of this Act, the licence shall lapse if— a the consent is discontinued by the person who gave it, or a successor in title of that person, and the council is provided with written notice of the discontinuation of the consent by the person who discontinues it; or b the holder of the licence no longer is the owner of the land in question, as the case may be. . Temporary licences 54 1 Section 21 (temporary licences) of the Act of 1999 is amended as follows. 2 After subsection (2), the following subsections are inserted— 2A In the case of an application for a temporary licence which, if granted, would authorise street trading on land which falls within paragraph (b) in the definition of “street” in subsection (1) of section 2 (interpretation) of this Act, the applicant shall provide evidence in writing— a that he has the consent to trade on the land from the owner of the land in question; or b that he is the owner of the land in question. 2B An application for a temporary licence shall not be granted, if the licence would authorise street trading on land which falls within the said paragraph (b), unless the applicant has provided sufficient evidence, as is mentioned in subsection (3) of section 11 (applications) of this Act, to satisfy the council. 2C In the case of a temporary licence which authorises street trading on land which falls within the said paragraph (b), the licence shall lapse if— a the consent to trade on the land is discontinued, and the council is provided with written notice of the discontinuance of the permission by the person who gave the consent or by a successor in title to that person; or b the holder of the licence is no longer the owner of the land in question. 2D The council may revoke or suspend the operation of a temporary licence held in respect of land which falls within the said paragraph (b) if circumstances have arisen since the grant of the licence or are about to arise which necessitate such revocation or suspension on the grounds of safety. 2E Where a temporary licence is revoked or suspended under subsection (2D) above, the council shall return to the licensee such proportion of any fee paid for the granting of the licence as is appropriate, taking into account the period for which the licence was granted and the period remaining on the licence when it was revoked or the period for which the licence was suspended, as the case may be. . Employment of assistants under Act of 1999 55 1 Section 26 (employment of assistants) of the Act of 1999 is amended as follows. 2 After “street trading licence” (where those words first appear), the words “or a temporary licence” are inserted. 3 For “street trading licence” where those words appear for the second time, substitute “licence”. Unlicensed street trading under Act of 1999 56 1 Section 27 (unlicensed street trading) of the Act of 1999 is amended as follows. 2 In subsection (5)— a at the beginning, the words “Subject to section 27A (seizure of perishable items) of this Act,” are inserted; b the proviso is omitted. 3 In subsection (8)— a in paragraph (f), for “identify that person and” the words “identify that person or” are substituted; b paragraph (g) is substituted by the following paragraphs— g paragraph (h) below applies where the article, thing, receptacle or equipment is not returned because— i it has not proved possible to identify the person from whom it was seized or ascertain his address; or ii the person from whom it was seized and the owner (if different) have disclaimed or refused to accept it. h where this paragraph applies, the council may make a complaint to the magistrates' court for a disposal order under section 27C (disposal orders) of this Act (whether or not proceedings for an offence under this section have been commenced). . Seizure of perishable items 57 After section 27 (unlicensed street trading) of the Act of 1999, the following section is inserted— Seizure of perishable items 27A 1 No article or thing which is of a perishable nature (in this section referred to as a “perishable item”) shall be seized under the provisions of subsection (5) of section 27 (unlicensed street trading) of this Act unless the council gives a certificate under subsection (2) below to the person from whom the article or thing is seized. 2 Where a perishable item is seized under the said subsection (5), the person from whom it is seized must be given a certificate— a stating the effect of subsection (5) below and subsection (10) of the said section 27; b giving the address from which the article or thing may be collected; c informing the recipient that if he is not the owner of the article or thing, then he should give the owner the information referred to in paragraphs (a) and (b) above. 3 If the person from whom a perishable item was so seized fails to collect it within 48 hours of the seizure the council may dispose of it. 4 When any perishable item is disposed of by the council under subsection (3) above, the council shall have a duty to secure the best possible price which can reasonably be obtained for it. 5 Paragraphs (a) to (d) of subsection (8), and subsections (9) and (10) of the said section 27 shall apply to a perishable item seized under that section only in cases where the article or thing concerned has not been disposed of by the council at the conclusion of the proceedings in respect of the alleged offence in relation to which the article or thing was seized. 6 Paragraphs (f) and (g) of subsection (8) of the said section 27 shall apply to a perishable item seized under that section only in cases where the article or thing concerned has not been disposed of by the council at the expiration of the period mentioned in the said paragraph (f); otherwise subsections (8) to (11) below shall apply. 7 Subsection (11) of the said section 27 shall apply with the omission of paragraph (c) in respect of a perishable item seized under that section in cases where the article or thing concerned has not been disposed of by the council by the time the circumstances mentioned in paragraph (a)(ii)(A) or (B) arise otherwise subsections (8) to (11) below shall apply. 8 Subsection (11) below shall have effect where the council have disposed of a perishable article or thing under subsection (4) above and any of the following conditions apply. 9 The first condition is that no proceedings in respect of the alleged offence in relation to which the article or thing was seized are instituted before the expiration of a period of 28 days beginning with the date of seizure of the article or thing, or any such proceedings instituted within that period are discontinued. 10 The second condition is that— a not less than six months have passed since the date of the seizure and no information has been laid against any person for an offence under the said section 27 in respect of the acts or circumstances which occasioned the seizure; or b proceedings for such an offence have been brought and either the person charged has been acquitted (whether or not on appeal) and the time for appealing against or challenging the acquittal (where applicable) has expired without an appeal or challenge being brought, or the proceedings (including any appeal) have been withdrawn by, or have failed for want of prosecution by, the person by whom the original proceedings were brought. 11 When this subsection has effect a person who has or at the time of seizure had a legal interest in the item seized may recover compensation from the borough council or (where it is seized by a constable) the Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis by civil action in the County Court in respect of any loss suffered by him as a result of the seizure and any such compensation shall not be included in the computation for calculating charges under section 22 (fees and charges) of this Act. . Motor vehicles 58 After section 27A (seizure of perishable items) of the Act of 1999, inserted by section 57 (seizure of perishable items) of this Act, the following section is inserted— Motor vehicles 27B 1 Subsection (4) below applies where the following conditions are met. 2 The first condition is that where, in ascertaining the identity of the person from whom a vehicle was seized under subsection (5) or (6) of section 27 (unlicensed street trading) of this Act, the council has, before the expiry of 14 days from the date of the seizure, made a request to the Secretary of State for the supply of relevant particulars. 3 The second condition is that those particulars have not been supplied to the council before the date after which the council would, but for this section, have to return the vehicle in accordance with subsection (8)(f) of that section. 4 Where this subsection applies, the council must return the vehicle to its owner if— a no proceedings are instituted in respect of the alleged offence in respect of which the vehicle was seized before the expiry of the period of 14 days beginning with the date on which the relevant particulars are supplied; or b any such proceedings instituted within that period are discontinued, at the expiry of that period or on the discontinuance of the proceedings, as the case may be. 5 If the council seeks to return a vehicle in accordance with the said subsection (5) or subsection (6), but the person to whom the council seeks to return the vehicle cannot be found or disclaims or refuses to accept the vehicle, the council may make a complaint for a disposal order in respect of the vehicle under section 27C (disposal orders) of this Act. 6 In this section, “relevant particulars” are particulars relating to the identity of the owner of the vehicle contained in the register of mechanically propelled vehicles maintained by the Secretary of State under the Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994 (c. 22) . 7 The owner of a vehicle for the purposes of this section shall be taken to be the person by whom the vehicle is kept. 8 In determining who was the owner of a motor vehicle at any time, it shall be presumed that the owner is the person in whose name the vehicle is at that time registered under the Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994. . Disposal orders 59 1 After section 27B (motor vehicles) of the Act of 1999 (inserted by section 58 (motor vehicles) of this Act) the following section is inserted— Disposal orders 27C 1 This section applies in respect of a complaint made by a borough council for a disposal order in respect of— a an article or thing under subsection (8)(h) of section 27 (unlicensed street trading) of this Act; or b a motor vehicle under subsection (5) of section 27B (motor vehicles) of this Act, and such articles, things and motor vehicles are together referred to as “seized items” in this section. 2 On a complaint to which this section applies, a magistrates' court if satisfied that the council has made reasonable efforts to identify the person from whom the seized item was seized or its owner, as the case may be, or has made reasonable efforts to return the seized item, may make an order authorising the complainant council— a to dispose of the seized item in question; and b after payment out of any proceeds arising from the disposal of the expenses incurred in the seizure, storage and disposal, to apply the balance, if any, towards the costs of the council as mentioned in paragraphs (a) to (d) of subsection (2) of section 22 (fees and charges) of this Act. 3 The court shall not make a disposal order under subsection (2) above where a person claiming to be the owner of or otherwise interested in the article, thing, receptacle or equipment applies to be heard by the court, unless an opportunity has been given to him to show cause why the order should not be made. 4 Subsection (5) below applies where— a a person appears before the court under subsection (3) above to show why the order should not be made; and b the court makes an order under subsection (2) above authorising the council to dispose of the item; and c the seized item in question is not of sufficient value to defray the expenses of seizing and storing it; and d the court is satisfied that the person mentioned in paragraph (a) above was the owner of the seized item in question or was the person from whom it was seized, as the case may be. 5 Where this section applies, the court may order that the person mentioned in subsection (4)(a) above pay the expenses, or the balance of the expenses, reasonably incurred by the council in seizing and storing the seized item in question. 6 In considering whether to make an order under subsection (2) above a court shall have regard— a to the value of the seized item; b to the likely financial and other effects on the offender of the making of the order (taken together with any other order that the court contemplates making); and c any other circumstances considered to be relevant. 7 The court may make a disposal order under this section notwithstanding that the value of the seized item would exceed the maximum penalty for the offence in respect of which the seized item had originally been seized had the said offence been prosecuted to conviction. 8 For the purposes of this section, “owner” in respect of a vehicle, has the same meaning as it has for the purposes of the said section 27B. . PART 4 Penalty Charges and Fixed Penalties Introductory Joint committees 60 1 In this Part of this Act, a “joint committee” means any joint committee established under section 101(5) of the Local Government Act 1972 (c. 70) and comprising at least one member from each borough council. 2 The functions conferred on the borough councils by subsections (1) and (5) of section 66 (levels of penalty charges) of this Act shall be discharged by a joint committee. Penalty Charges Penalty charges 61 1 This section applies where a borough council have reason to believe that a penalty charge is payable to them by virtue of a penalty charge provision. 2 The borough council may serve a penalty charge notice on the person appearing to them to be the appropriate recipient. 3 A penalty charge notice under this section must— a state— i the grounds on which the council believe that the penalty charge is payable; ii the amount of the penalty charge which is payable; iii that the penalty charge must be paid before the end of the period of 28 days beginning with the date of the notice; iv that if the penalty charge is paid before the end of the period of 14 days beginning with the date of the notice, the amount of the penalty charge will be reduced by the specified proportion; v that, if the penalty charge is not paid before the end of the 28 day period, an increased charge may be payable; vi the amount of the increased charge; vii the address to which payment of the penalty charge must be sent; and viii that the person on whom the notice is served may be entitled to make representations under subsection (1) of section 62 (representations and appeals) of this Act; and b specify the form in which any such representations are to be made. 4 The Secretary of State may by regulations prescribe— a additional matters which must be dealt with in any penalty charge notice; and b the time within which a penalty charge notice must be served. 5 In subsection (3)(a)(iv) above, “specified proportion” means such proportion, applicable in all cases, as may be determined for the purposes of this section by the borough councils acting through a joint committee. 6 Schedule 4 to this Act shall have effect with respect to financial provisions relating to the provisions of this section. 7 In this section— “appropriate recipient” means the appropriate recipient for the purposes of this section designated as such by the relevant penalty charge provision; “penalty charge provision” means any enactment which is by the enactment itself or by another enactment designated as a penalty charge provision for the purposes of this section. 8 In determining, for the purposes of any provision of this Part of this Act, whether a penalty charge has been paid before the end of a particular period, it shall be taken to be paid when it is received by the council. Representations and appeals 62 1 Where it appears to a person on whom a penalty charge notice has been served under section 61 (penalty charges) of this Act that one or other of the grounds mentioned in the penalty charge provision is satisfied, he may make representations to that effect to the borough council. 2 The Lord Chancellor may make provision by regulations relating to such representations to the borough council and to an appeal to an adjudicator if his representations are not accepted. 3 The regulations may make such provision in connection with the rights to make representations or to appeal as appears to the Lord Chancellor to be appropriate, and may in particular make provision— a requiring the council to give a person notice of the rights; b as to the time within which representations may be made; c requiring supporting evidence in such circumstances as may be specified; d as to the duties of the council when representations are received; e as to the circumstances in which there is a right of appeal to an adjudicator; f generally as to the making, determination and effect of, and procedure in connection with, appeals; and g enabling an adjudicator to review any decision made on, or in the course of, an appeal. 4 The regulations may provide that, as respects a ground on which representations may be made, the adjudicator’s function on an appeal is to decide whether to direct the council to consider or re-consider (as the case may be) any representations relating to that ground. 5 The regulations may include provision— a authorising an adjudicator to require a person— i to attend to give evidence at the hearing of an appeal; and ii to produce any documents in his custody or under his control relating to any matter relevant for the purposes of the appeal; and b making it a criminal offence triable summarily and punishable with a fine not exceeding level 2 on the standard scale to fail to comply with such a requirement. 6 The regulations may provide that a person who makes a representation that is false in a material particular, and does so recklessly or knowing it to be false, commits an offence triable summarily and punishable with a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale. 7 The regulations may include provision authorising an adjudicator to make an order for the payment of costs and expenses by a party to an appeal in such circumstances as may be specified. 8 Subject to subsection (9) below, until such time as regulations are in force under subsection (2) above— a paragraphs 1(2), (3) and (7), 2, 3, and 4 of Schedule 1 to the London Local Authorities and Transport for London Act 2003 (c. iii) shall, with any necessary modifications, apply in relation to representations and appeals under this section; and b any regulations under section 73(11) of the Road Traffic Act 1991 (c. 40) (provision as to procedure to be followed in relation to proceedings before parking adjudicators) in force at the coming into operation of this Part shall, with any necessary modifications, apply in relation to such proceedings before parking adjudicators when exercising the functions of adjudicators under this section. 9 If the paragraphs and regulations mentioned in paragraphs (a) and (b) of subsection (8) above are repealed or revoked by the Traffic Management Act 2004 (c. 18) or regulations made under it, then until such time as regulations are in force under subsection (2) above, any regulations under section 80 of the Traffic Management Act 2004 shall, with any necessary modifications, apply in relation to representations, appeals and adjudicators as if made under the corresponding provisions of this section and section 63 (adjudicators) of this Act. Adjudicators 63 1 The Lord Chancellor may make provision by regulations for and in connection with the appointment of adjudicators for the purposes of this Part. 2 The following provisions apply in relation to the office of adjudicator— a to be qualified for appointment as an adjudicator, a person must have a 5-year general qualification (within the meaning of section 71 of the Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41) ); b an adjudicator is appointed for a term, not exceeding five years, specified in his instrument of appointment; c on the expiry of a term of appointment an adjudicator is eligible for re-appointment; d an adjudicator may be removed from office only for misconduct or on the ground that he is unable or unfit to discharge his functions, but otherwise holds and vacates office in accordance with the terms of his appointment. 3 The regulations shall provide— a for adjudicators to be appointed by the borough councils on such terms as those councils may decide; and b for the consent of the Lord Chancellor to be required for any decision by those authorities— i to appoint a person as an adjudicator; ii not to re-appoint a person as an adjudicator; or iii to remove a person from his office as adjudicator. 4 The borough councils shall— a provide, or make arrangements for the provision of, accommodation and administrative staff and facilities for adjudicators; and b determine the places where adjudicators are to sit, and shall defray all the expenses of the adjudication process and, in particular, expenses in relation to the remuneration of adjudicators. 5 The regulations shall provide— a for each adjudicator to make an annual report to the councils in accordance with such requirements as may be imposed by the councils; and b for the councils to make and publish an annual report to the Secretary of State on the discharge by the adjudicators of their functions. 6 The regulations shall provide for the functions of the borough councils under this section to be discharged by a joint committee. 7 The expenses of the councils under this section shall be defrayed by them in such proportions— a as they may decide; or b in default of a decision by them, as may be determined in accordance with regulations made by the Secretary of State. 8 Regulations under subsection (7)(b) above may, in particular, provide— a for the matter to be determined by an arbitrator appointed by a body specified in the regulations; and b for the giving of directions by the Secretary of State in order to secure that the matter is referred to arbitration. 9 Until regulations are made under this section for and in connection with the appointment of adjudicators for the purposes of this Part, functions of adjudicators under this Part shall be discharged by— a the persons who are appointed as parking adjudicators under section 73 of the Road Traffic Act 1991 (c. 40) (until that section is repealed by section 98 of the Traffic Management Act 2004) (c. 18) ; or b the persons appointed under regulations made under section 81 of the said Act (adjudicators) as adjudicators for the purposes of Part 6 of that Act (after the said section 73 is repealed). Enforcement of penalty charges 64 1 The Lord Chancellor may make regulations for or in connection with the enforcement of penalty charges. 2 The regulations may include provision— a creating criminal offences to be triable summarily and punishable with a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale or such lower amount as may be specified; b for amounts payable under or by virtue of any provision of this Part to be recoverable, if a county court so orders, as if they were payable under a county court order. 3 An amount to which subsection (2)(b) above applies that is so recoverable is referred to below as a “penalty charge debt”. 4 The Lord Chancellor may by order make provision— a for warrants of execution in respect of penalty charge debts, or such class or classes of penalty charge debts as may be specified in the order, to be executed by certificated bailiffs; b as to the requirements that must be satisfied before a person takes any other step of a kind specified in the order, with a view to enforcing the payment of— i a penalty charge debt; or ii such class or classes of penalty charge debts as may be so specified. 5 Any such order may make such incidental and supplementary provision (including modifications of any enactment other than this Act) as the Lord Chancellor considers appropriate in consequence of the provision made by the order. 6 Any order in force immediately before the commencement of this Part of this Act under— a section 78(2) of the Road Traffic Act 1991 (c. 40) ; or b section 82(3) of the Traffic Management Act 2004 (c. 18) , shall, with any necessary modifications, have effect after that commencement as if made under the corresponding provisions of this section and shall apply in relation to the enforcement of any penalty charge debt. Certificated bailiffs 65 1 For the purposes of section 64 (enforcement of penalty charges) of this Act a person is a certificated bailiff if he is authorised to act as such by a certificate signed— a by a judge assigned to a county court district; or b in such circumstances as may be specified in regulations made by the Lord Chancellor, by a district judge. 2 The Lord Chancellor may by regulations make provision in connection with the certification of bailiffs under this section and the execution of warrants of execution by such bailiffs. 3 The regulations may, in particular, make provision— a as to the security (if any) to be required from certificated bailiffs; b as to the fees and expenses payable with respect to execution by certificated bailiffs; and c for the suspension or cancellation of certificates issued under this section and with respect to the effect of any such suspension or cancellation. 4 Any regulations in force immediately before the commencement of this Part under— a section 78(4) to (6) of the Road Traffic Act 1991; or b section 83 of the Traffic Management Act 2004, shall, with any necessary modifications, have effect after that commencement as if made under the corresponding provisions of this section. 5 A person who is not a certificated bailiff but who purports to levy a distress as such a bailiff, and any person authorising him to levy it, shall be deemed to have committed a trespass. Levels of penalty charges 66 1 It shall be the duty of the borough councils to set the levels of penalty charges payable to them under section 61 (penalty charges) of this Act. 2 Different levels may be set for different areas in Greater London and for different cases or classes of case. 3 In setting the level of penalty charges under subsection (1) above the councils may take account of— a any reasonable costs or expected costs incurred or to be incurred in connection with the administration of the provisions of the enactment under which the particular contravention giving rise to the penalty charge notice is created; and b the cost or expected cost of enforcing the provisions of the relevant enactment. 4 Levels of penalty charges set by the councils in accordance with this section may only come into force in accordance with section 67 (penalty charges: reserve powers of Secretary of State) of this Act. 5 The councils shall publish, in such manner as the Secretary of State may determine, the levels of penalty charges which have been set by the councils in accordance with this section. Penalty charges: reserve powers of Secretary of State 67 1 Where the borough councils set any levels of penalty charges under subsection (1) of section 66 (levels of penalty charges) of this Act, they shall notify the Secretary of State of the levels of fixed penalties so set. 2 Where notification of any levels of fixed penalties is required to be given under subsection (1) above, the levels of fixed penalties shall not come into force until after the expiration of— a the period of one month beginning with the day on which the notification is given; or b such shorter period as the Secretary of State may allow. 3 If, before the expiration of that period, the Secretary of State gives notice to the joint committee that he objects to the levels of fixed penalties on the grounds that some or all of them are or may be excessive, those levels of fixed penalties shall not come into force unless and until the objection has been withdrawn. 4 If, at any time before the levels of fixed penalties required to be notified under subsection (1) above to the Secretary of State have come into force, the Secretary of State considers that some or all of them are excessive, he may make regulations setting the levels of fixed penalties. 5 Levels of fixed penalties set under subsection (4) above must be no higher than those notified under subsection (1) above. 6 Regulations under subsection (4) above are without prejudice to the duty imposed on borough councils by subsection (1) of the said section 66 but where the Secretary of State makes any such regulations the councils must not set any further fixed penalties under the said subsection (1) until after the expiration of the period of 12 months beginning with the day on which the regulations are made. Fixed Penalties Fixed penalties under the London Local Authorities Act 2004 68 1 Part 4 (fixed penalties) of the London Local Authorities Act 2004 (c. i) is amended as follows. 2 In section 16 (fixed penalty notices)— a in subsection (2)(a), for “14 days” there is substituted “28 days”. b in subsection (3), the following paragraph is inserted after paragraph (b)— ba that if the fixed penalty is paid before the end of the period of 14 days beginning with the date of the notice, the amount of the fixed penalty will be reduced by the specified proportion; ; c in subsection (9), before ““chief finance officer”” there is inserted “—(a)” and at the end the following paragraph is inserted— b “specified proportion” means such proportion, applicable in all cases, as may be determined for the purposes of this section by the borough councils acting through the joint committee. . 3 In section 17 (levels of fixed penalties), in subsection (7), for “the said section 18” there is substituted “the said sections 16 and 18”. Fixed penalty offences 69 Schedule 2 to the London Local Authorities Act 2004 is amended by the insertion, in the appropriate place, of the following entry into the table of offences in respect of which a fixed penalty notice can be given under section 15 (fixed penalty offences) of that Act— 14 London Local Authorities Act 2007 (c. ii) 26(5) Failure to comply with requirement at civic amenity site PART 5 Miscellaneous Display of certain video recordings 70 1 This section applies to a video work in respect of which a classification certificate has been issued stating that no video recording containing that work is to be supplied other than in a licensed sex shop. 2 A person who at any place in a borough other than in a sex shop for which a licence is in force under Schedule 3 to the Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1982 (c. 30) displays in the course of a business— a a video recording containing a video work to which this section applies; or b any packaging indicating that it contains such a video recording, is guilty of an offence unless he is displaying the video recording or packaging for the purpose only of a supply which, if it took place, would be an exempted supply by virtue of section 12(6) of the 1984 Act. 3 It is a defence to a charge of committing an offence under subsection (2) above to prove— a that the accused neither knew nor had reasonable grounds to believe that the classification certificate contained the statement concerned; b that the accused believed on reasonable grounds that the place concerned was a sex shop for which a licence was in force under the said Schedule 3; c that the accused believed on reasonable grounds that were the video recording to have been supplied or offered for supply by him in the place concerned the supply would if it had taken place been, an exempted supply by virtue of section 3(4) or 12(6) of the 1984 Act. 4 A person guilty of an offence under subsection (2) above shall be liable, on summary conviction, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale or both. 5 In this section— “the 1984 Act” means the Video Recordings Act 1984 (c. 39) ; “classification certificate”, “video recording” and “video work” have the same meanings ascribed to them by the 1984 Act. Temporary sleeping accommodation: powers of entry, search and seizure 71 1 An authorised officer may, at all reasonable hours and on production, if required, of his credentials, exercise the following powers, that is to say— a he may, for the purpose of ascertaining whether a relevant offence has been committed, inspect any relevant items and enter any premises other than premises used only as a dwelling; b if he has reasonable cause to suspect that a relevant offence has been committed, he may, for the purpose of ascertaining whether it has been committed, require any person carrying on a trade or business or employed in connection with a trade or business to produce any books or documents relating to the trade or business and may take copies of, or of any entry in, any such book or document; c if he has reasonable cause to believe that a relevant offence has been committed, he may seize and detain any relevant items or documents for the purpose of ascertaining, by testing or otherwise, whether the offence has been committed; d he may seize and detain any relevant items or documents which he has reason to believe may be required as evidence in proceedings for a relevant offence; e he may, for the purpose of exercising his powers under this subsection to seize relevant items or documents, but only if and to the extent that it is reasonably necessary in order to obtain evidence in proceedings for a relevant offence, break open any container and, if that person does not comply with the requirement, he may do so himself. 2 An officer seizing any relevant items or documents in the exercise of his powers under this section shall inform the person from whom they are seized. 3 If a justice of the peace, on sworn information in writing— a is satisfied that there is reasonable ground to believe either— i that any relevant items, books or documents which a duly authorised officer has power under this section to inspect are on any premises and that their inspection is likely to disclose evidence of the commission of a relevant offence; or ii that any relevant offence has been, is being or is about to be committed on any premises; and b is also satisfied either— i that admission to the premises has been or is likely to be refused and that notice of intention to apply for a warrant under this subsection has been given to the occupier; or ii that an application for admission, or the giving of such a notice, would defeat the object of the entry or that the premises are unoccupied or that the occupier is temporarily absent and it might defeat the object of the entry to await his return, the justice may by warrant under his hand, which shall continue in force for a period of one month, authorise an authorised officer to enter the premises, if need be by force. 4 An officer entering any premises by virtue of this section may take with him such other persons and such equipment as may appear to him necessary; and on leaving any premises which he has entered by virtue of a warrant under the preceding subsection he shall, if the premises are unoccupied or the occupier is temporarily absent, leave them as effectively secured against trespassers as he found them. 5 If any person who is not an authorised officer purports to act as such under this section he shall be guilty of an offence liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale. 6 Nothing in this section shall be taken to compel the production by a solicitor of a document containing a privileged communication made by or to him in that capacity or to authorise the taking of possession of any such document which is in his possession. 7 In this section— “relevant enforcement notice” means an enforcement notice issued under section 172 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 (c. 8) (issue of enforcement notice) in respect of a material change of use of the type described in section 25 (provision of temporary sleeping accommodation to constitute material change of use) of the Greater London Council (General Powers) Act 1973 (c. xxx) ; “relevant items” means computers, software and other items which may be used to store or record information; “relevant offence” means an offence under section 179 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 in relation to a relevant enforcement notice. Soliciting for custom 72 1 Section 22 (soliciting for custom) of the London Local Authorities Act 2004 (c. i) is amended as follows. 2 For subsection (1) substitute— 1 Subject to the following provisions of this section, it is an offence in the area of a borough council to solicit persons, or to permit the soliciting of persons, to attend premises— a if the impression is given, by the soliciting, that licensable activities, within the meaning of section 1 of the Licensing Act 2003 (c. 17) , are carried on or from the premises; b which are a sex establishment within the meaning of Schedule 3 to the Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1982 (c. 30) (if that Schedule has effect in the borough). . 3 After subsection (2), the following subsection is inserted— 2A It shall be a defence in any proceedings for an offence under subsection (1)(a) if the premises concerned were licensed under Part 3 of the Licensing Act 2003 (c. 17) at the time of the alleged offence. . 4 Subsection (4) is omitted. Charges for pipe subways 73 1 On and after the appointed day, section 27 of the London County Council (General Powers) Act 1958 (c. xxi) (charges in respect of subways of council) shall apply in respect of— a any public service work within the meaning of Part V of the City of London (Various Powers) Act 1900 (c. ccxxviii) ; or b any subway in which the borough council has an interest by virtue of the London Government Reorganisation (Pipe Subways) Order 1989 (S.I. 1989 No. 335) , and references in that section to “the council” shall mean the borough council as respects such subways. 2 On and after the appointed day, in section 40 of the said Act of 1900, the words from “And the Corporation may” to the end of the section are repealed and any byelaws made by virtue of those words so repealed are revoked. 3 Subsection (6) of the said section 27 (which provides for an exemption from charges for operators of electronic communications code networks) is repealed. 4 Any person who by virtue of the said subsection (6) was exempt from paying charges under that section shall, from the date on which subsection (3) comes into force until the next review of charges due under subsection (5) of the said section 27, pay such reasonable charges as may be settled by agreement between the borough council and that person or failing such agreement by arbitration. 5 Subsections (3) and (4) of the said section 27 shall apply in relation to an arbitration under subsection (4) above as they apply in relation to an arbitration under subsection (2) of that section. Power to disturb human remains 74 1 Where a burial authority has extinguished— a a right of burial in a grave space under section 6 (power to extinguish rights of burial in cemetery lands) of the Act of 1969; or b a right of interment in respect of a grave under section 9 of the Act of 1976, the burial authority may disturb or authorise the disturbance of human remains interred in the grave for the purpose of increasing the space for interments in the grave. 2 No human remains may be disturbed under this section if they have been interred for a period of less than 75 years. 3 Any human remains disturbed under subsection (1) above must be reintered in the grave. 4 Before disturbing any human remains under this section the burial authority shall— a publish a notice of their intention to do so once in each of two successive weeks in a newspaper circulating in Greater London with an interval between the dates of publication of not less than six clear days; b display a like notice in a conspicuous position at every entrance to the cemetery; c serve a notice thereof upon the registered owner of— i the right of burial (if the right has not yet been extinguished), ii the right of interment (if the right has not yet been extinguished); iii any relevant tombstone, at that owner’s registered address; and d serve a notice thereof on the Commonwealth War Graves Commission. 5 Each of the notices referred to in subsection (4) above shall— a contain full particulars of the burial authority’s proposals including a specification of the registered number or other description of all graves in which it is proposed that the human remains are to be disturbed; b specify the date after which it is intended that the work should be undertaken, which shall not be earlier than six months after the date of the later of the two publications, the date on which the notice is first displayed, or the date on which the notice is served whichever is the last; and c state the effect of subsection (7) below. 6 A single notice may be used for the purposes of this section and— a subsection (3) of section 6 of the Act of 1969; or b subsection (4) of section 9 of the Act of 1976, (which provide for the giving of notice and making of objections in the case of the proposed extinguishment of rights of burial and interment and the proposed removal of tombstones), as the case may be. 7 If notice of objection to the proposed disturbance of human remains is given to the burial authority before the date specified in paragraph (b) of subsection (5) above by— a the registered owner of the right of burial or interment, as the case may be; b the registered owner of a relevant tombstone; c a relative of the person whose remains are proposed to be disturbed, and that objection is not withdrawn, the burial authority may not exercise its powers under this section for a period of 25 years, beginning with the date of the publication of the first notice under subsection (4)(a) above. 8 The burial authority shall comply with any directions given by the Secretary of State with respect to the removal and reinterment of any human remains in any case other than a case falling within subsection (10). 9 Nothing in this section shall in any way affect the jurisdiction of the consistory court of the diocese over consecrated land which is used, or is available for use, for the interment of human remains. 10 Where the burial authority proposes to disturb any human remains in consecrated land the burial authority may not exercise its powers under this section without first obtaining a faculty, with or without conditions attached to it, from the consistory court of the diocese in which the land is situated, and any objection to the proposed disturbance of human remains from consecrated land by any person under subsection (7) above shall be heard and determined by that consistory court. 11 The provisions of section 25 of the Burial Act 1857 (c. 81) (prohibition of removal of human remains without the licence of the Secretary of State except in certain cases) shall not apply to a removal carried out in accordance with the provisions of this section. 12 In this section— “the Act of 1969” means the City of London (Various Powers) Act 1969 (c. xxxix) ; “the Act of 1976” means the Greater London Council (General Powers) Act 1976 (c. xxvi) ; “burial authority” means— a borough council; the Court of Common Council of the City of London; a joint committee appointed under section 102 of the Local Government Act 1972 (c. 70) and authorised to exercise powers under section 214 of and Schedule 26 to that Act, or under any other enactment relating to the provision and maintenance of cemeteries, being a joint committee any member of which is appointed by a borough council; or a burial or cemetery board established under any enactment and— authorised to exercise such powers as are mentioned in paragraph (c) above; and of which at least one of the constituent authorities is a borough council; “civil partner” has the same meaning as in the Civil Partnership Act 2004 (c. 33) and includes former civil partner; “registered owner”— in relation to any right of burial or interment, means the person at the time in question named in the register of grants of rights of burial or interment, as the case may be, maintained by the burial authority under the Cemeteries Clauses Act 1847 (c. 65) or otherwise; in relation to any relevant tombstone means the person at the time in question named in the said register as the person to whom the right to erect or place that tombstone has been granted, or, if no such person is named, the registered owner of the right of interment or burial in the grave in or on which the tombstone is erected or placed; “registered address” means any address of the registered owner contained in the said register; “relative”, in relation to any person, means any of the following— his spouse; his civil partner; any lineal ancestor, lineal descendant, brother, sister, aunt, uncle, nephew, niece or first cousin of his or his spouse or civil partner; “relevant tombstone” means a tombstone erected or placed in or on a grave in respect of which the powers of this section are intended to be exercised, whether or not the tombstone is itself intended to be disturbed; “spouse” includes former spouse. Mail forwarding businesses 75 1 On and after the appointed day, a person shall not in the area of a borough council carry on a mail forwarding business, whether alone or in conjunction with any other business when he is not registered by the council under this section. 2 On application for registration under this section the council shall register the applicant and issue to the applicant a certificate of registration on which there shall appear a registration number. 3 An application for registration under this section shall be made in writing to the council and the applicant shall in the application state— a his name and private address or, if the application is made by or on behalf of a body corporate or partnership, the registered or principal office of such body or partnership as the case may be; and b the address of each place in the borough which is occupied by the applicant for the purposes of the business. 4 Where there is any alteration in the particulars mentioned in subsection (3)(a) or (b) above, the person registered shall within 14 days notify the council of the fact, and the council shall thereupon amend their register. 5 A council may charge a reasonable fee for a registration under this section, calculated by reference to the cost of dealing with applications for such registration. 6 A person who carries on a mail forwarding business shall keep a record of the following particulars— a the full name, address and telephone number of every person for whom any post is received, or who has requested that postal packets received may be held or forwarded to that person; b the nature of the business (if any) carried out by that person; c any instructions that may have been received as to the delivery or forwarding of postal packets; d in the case of every postal packet forwarded, the name and address of the person to whom it is forwarded (if different from the name and address mentioned in paragraph (a) above); e copies of the originals of two documents of a type approved by the council for the purposes of identifying the persons and verifying the address mentioned in paragraph (a) above. 7 In subsection (6)(a) above, the name and address to be kept must not be the name and address of another mail forwarding business and is— a in the case of an individual, his private address; b in the case of a body corporate or partnership— i the registered or principal address of such body or partnership, as the case may be; and ii the names and private addresses of the directors, partners or another person directly or indirectly responsible for the management of the body or partnership; and iii the address of the principal place of business of the body or partnership, if different from any of the addresses mentioned in paragraphs (i) and (ii) above. 8 The records kept under this section by a person carrying on a mail forwarding business, shall, in respect of a person by whom he is requested to hold or forward postal packets, be kept for a period of at least a year after the end of the arrangement under which that request was made, and must be kept at all reasonable times open to inspection by any police constable and any authorised officer. 9 If any person— a without reasonable excuse contravenes or fails to comply with any of the provisions of this section; or b furnishes any false information— i in making an application for registration under this section or notifying the council of any alteration in the particulars mentioned in subsection (3)(a) or (b) above; or ii to a mail forwarding business which the business requires in order to comply with subsection (6) above; or c without reasonable excuse, makes a false entry in the record kept under subsection (6) above, he shall be guilty of an offence. 10 A person guilty of an offence under subsection (9) above shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale. 11 Nothing in subsection (1) or (6) above shall apply to a person who holds a licence under Part 2 of the Postal Services Act 2000 (c. 26) (licences for postal services). 12 Section 28 of the Trade Descriptions Act 1968 (c. 29) (power to enter premises and seize goods and documents) applies in relation to the enforcement of this section by a borough council as in relation to the enforcement of that Act by a weights and measures authority. 13 In this section— “mail forwarding business” means the business, carried out for reward, of making available to a person a postal address to which postal packets may be sent, and doing either or both of the following— holding postal packets so sent for collection by that person or his agent; forwarding, by whatever means, postal packets so sent to that person; “postal packet” has the same meaning given to it by section 125 of the Postal Services Act 2000 (interpretation). 14 For the purposes of this section, a person carries on a mail forwarding business in the area of a borough council if, in respect of that mail forwarding business, the postal address made available and to which postal packets may be sent is in the area of the council. 15 Subsections (16) and (17) below apply to any person who carries on a mail forwarding business in a borough on the date on which this section comes into force in that borough. 16 Until the period of four weeks commencing with that date has expired, subsections (1) and (6) above shall not apply to the person in question. 17 If an application for registration under this section is made in respect of the mail forwarding business during that period, the person in question— a may lawfully continue to carry on the business as a mail forwarding business; and b need not comply with the requirements of subsection (6) above, until the council issues a certificate under subsection (2) above or the application is withdrawn. Crime prevention on housing land 76 1 This section applies in a borough in respect of which the borough council has appointed a day in respect of section 5 (crime prevention) of the London Local Authorities (No. 2) Act 1990 (c. xxx) . 2 Subsection (1) of the said section 5 is amended by the insertion, after paragraph (h), of the following paragraph— ha carrying out works consisting of fences, gates, locking devices or other works to prevent persons, other than residents of premises situated on the land, gaining access to any part of any land (other than a highway) held by them for the purposes of Part II of the Housing Act 1985 (c. 68) ; . 3 After subsection (4) of the said section 5, the following subsection is inserted— 4A The power under subsection (1)(ha) above may be exercised whether or not requested by residents of premises situated on the land. . Private sewers 77 1 The amount of— a any sum specified in a notice served by a borough council under section 35(3) of the Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1976 (c. 57) and which the council are entitled to recover by virtue of subsection (6)(a) of that section; or b any smaller sum which the council are entitled to recover by virtue of subsection (6)(b) of that section, shall be a charge on the appropriate premises as from the date on which the council is entitled to recover that sum by virtue of the said subsection (6)(a) or (6)(b), as the case may be. 2 A borough council shall, for the purpose of enforcing a charge under this section, have all the same powers and remedies under the Law of Property Act 1925 (c. 20) , and otherwise, as if they were a mortgagee by deed having powers of sale and lease, of accepting surrenders of leases and of appointing a receiver. 3 In this section, “appropriate premises” means the premises of which the recipient of the notice mentioned in subsection (1)(a) above is or was the owner or occupier, and in respect of which the notice was served. Provision of information to authorised officers 78 Section 26 (provision of information to authorised officers) of the London Local Authorities Act 2004 (c. i) is amended by the addition of the following subsection after subsection (3)— 4 In this section “authorised officer” includes any person who is authorised in writing by a borough council to enforce any enactment which gives rise to a criminal offence. No such person shall require any further authorisation under this Act for the purposes of this section. . PART 6 Supplemental Obstruction of authorised officer 79 Any person who intentionally obstructs any authorised officer acting in the exercise of his powers under this Act shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale. Proof of resolution 80 In any proceedings which require proof of the passing of a resolution under this Act it shall be presumed, unless the contrary is proved, that the said resolution was duly passed and that any requirements relating to the passing of the resolution and the giving of any notices or information before or after the passing of the resolution were properly complied with. Liability of directors, etc. 81 1 Where an offence under this Act committed by a body corporate is proved to have been committed with the consent or connivance of, or to be attributable to any neglect on the part of, a director, manager, secretary or other similar officer of the body corporate or any person who was purporting to act in any such capacity, he, as well as the body corporate, shall be guilty of the offence. 2 Where the affairs of the body corporate are managed by its members, subsection (1) above shall apply to the acts and defaults of a member in connection with his functions of management as if he were a director of the body corporate. Regulations 82 1 Any power to make regulations conferred by this Act includes power to make provision in respect of such cases only as may be specified in the regulations and to make different provision for different circumstances. 2 Any power to make regulations or orders conferred on the Secretary of State or the Lord Chancellor by this Act shall be exercised by statutory instrument. 3 Any statutory instrument made under this Act shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.