Transport And Works, England PART 1 PRELIMINARY Citation and commencement 1 This Order may be cited as the Network Rail (Church Fenton Level Crossing Reduction) Order 2024 and comes into force on 25th April 2024. Interpretation 2 1 In this Order— “ the 1961 Act ” means the Land Compensation Act 1961 ; “ the 1965 Act ” means the Compulsory Purchase Act 1965 ; “ the 1980 Act ” means the Highways Act 1980 ; “ the 1981 Act ” means the Compulsory Purchase (Vesting Declarations) Act 1981 ; “ the 1984 Act ” means the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 ; “ the 1990 Act ” means the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 ; “ the 1991 Act ” means the New Roads and Street Works Act 1991 ; “ the 2003 Act ” means the Communications Act 2003 ; “ authorised works ” means the scheduled works and any other works authorised by this Order or any part of them; “ bridleway ” has the same meaning as in section 329(1) (further provision as to interpretation) of the 1980 Act; “ deposited plan ” means the plan certified by the Secretary of State as the deposited plan for the purposes of this Order; “ deposited sections ” means the sections certified by the Secretary of State as the deposited sections for the purposes of this Order; “ footpath ” and “ footway ” have the same meaning as in section 329(1) of the 1980 Act; “ highway ” has the same meaning as in section 328 (meaning of “ highway ”) of the 1980 Act; “ highway authority ” means North Yorkshire Council; “ limits of deviation ” means the limits of deviation for the scheduled works shown on the deposited plan; “ limits of land to be acquired or used ” means the limits of land to be acquired or used shown on the deposited plan; “ maintain ” includes inspect, repair, adjust, alter, remove, reconstruct and replace, and “ maintenance ” is to be construed accordingly; “ Network Rail ” means Network Rail Infrastructure Limited (company registration number 02904587) whose registered office is at Waterloo General Office, London, England, SE1 8SW; “ Order limits ” means the limits of deviation and the limits of land to be acquired or used and shown on the deposited plan; “ the scheduled works ” means the works specified in Schedule 1 (scheduled works) or any part of them; “ statutory undertaker ” means— any person who is a statutory undertaker for any of the purposes of the 1990 Act; and any public communications provider within the meaning of section 151(1) (interpretation of Chapter 1) of the 2003 Act; “ street ” includes part of a street; “ street authority ”, in relation to a street, has the same meaning as in Part 3 (street works in England and Wales) of the 1991 Act; 2 References in this Order to rights over land include references to rights to do, or to place and maintain, anything in, on or under land or in the air-space above its surface. 3 All distances, directions and lengths referred to in this Order are approximate and are taken to be measured between the points shown on the deposited plan. 4 References in this Order to numbered plots are references to plot numbers as shown on the deposited plan. 5 References in this Order to points identified by letters and numbers are construed as references to points so shown on the deposited plan. 6 References in this Order to numbered works are references to the scheduled works as numbered in Schedule 1. Incorporation of the Railway Clauses Acts 3 1 The following provisions of the Railways Clauses Consolidation Act 1845 are incorporated in this Order— a section 58 (company to repair roads used by them), except for the words from “and if any question” to the end; b section 75 (penalty on persons omitting to fasten gates); c section 77 (company not to be entitled to minerals, unless expressly purchased); d sections 78 to 85E and Schedules 1 to 3 (minerals under railways); and e section 145 (penalties to be summarily recovered before two justices). 2 In those provisions, as incorporated in this Order— “ the company ” means Network Rail; “ lease ” includes an agreement for a lease; “ prescribed ”, in relation to any such provision, means prescribed by this Order for the purposes of that provision; “ the railway ” means any railway authorised to be constructed by this Order and any other authorised works; and “ the special Act ” means the Order. Application of the 1991 Act 4 1 Works executed under this Order in relation to a highway which consists of or includes a carriageway are to be treated for the purposes of Part 3 (street works in England and Wales) of the 1991 Act as major transport works if— a they are of a description mentioned in any of paragraphs (a), (c) to (e), (g) and (h) of section 86(3) (which defines what highway authority works are major highway works) of that Act; or b they are works which, had they been executed by the highway authority, might have been carried out in exercise of the powers conferred by section 64 (dual carriageways and roundabouts) of the 1980 Act. 2 The following provisions of the 1991 Act do not apply in relation to any works executed under the powers conferred by this Order— a section 56 (power to give directions as to timing of street works); b section 56A (power to give directions as to placing of apparatus); c section 58 (restrictions on works following substantial road works); d section 73A (power to require undertaker to re-surface street); e section 73B (power to specify timing etc. of re-surfacing); f section 73C (materials, workmanship and standard of re-surfacing); g section 78A (contributions to costs of re-surfacing by undertaker); and h Schedule 3A (restriction on works following substantial street works). 3 The provisions of the 1991 Act mentioned in paragraph (4) which, together with other provisions of that Act, apply in relation to the carrying out of street works) and any regulations made or code of practice issued or approved under those provisions apply (with the necessary modifications) in relation to the temporary stopping up, temporary alteration or temporary diversion of a street by Network Rail under the powers conferred by article 11 (temporary stopping up of streets) and the carrying out of works under article 9 (power to execute street works) whether or not the stopping up, alteration or diversion, or the carrying out of such works, constitutes street works within the meaning of that Act. 4 The provisions of the 1991 Act referred to in paragraph (3) are— a section 54 (advance notice of certain works), subject to paragraph (5) ; b section 55 (notice of starting date of works), subject to paragraph (5) ; c section 57 (notice of emergency works); d section 59 (general duty of street authority to co-ordinate works); e section 60 (general duty of undertakers to co-operate); f section 68 (facilities to be afforded to street authority); g section 69 (works likely to affect other apparatus in the street); h section 76 (liability for cost of temporary traffic regulation); i section 77 (liability for cost of use of alternative route); and all such other provisions as apply for the purposes of the provisions mentioned above. 5 Section 54 and 55 of the 1991 Act as applied by paragraph (3) have effect as if references in section 57 of that Act to emergency works were a reference to a stopping up, alteration or diversion (as the case may be) required in a case of emergency. 6 Nothing in article 13 (construction and maintenance of new or altered highways)— a prejudices the operation of section 87 (prospectively maintainable highways) of the 1991 Act, and Network Rail is not, by reason of any duty under that article to maintain a street, to be taken to be a street authority in relation to that street for the purposes of Part 3 of that Act; or b has effect in relation to street works with regard to which the provisions of Part 3 of the 1991 Act apply. Disapplication of legislative provisions 5 1 The following provisions do not apply in relation to any works executed under the powers conferred by this Order— a section 23 (prohibition on obstructions etc. in watercourses) of the Land Drainage Act 1991 ; b paragraph 5 (effect of designation) of Schedule 1 (risk management: designation of features) to the Flood and Water Management Act 2010 ; c paragraph 7 (requirement of approval) of Schedule 3 (sustainable drainage) to the Flood and Water Management Act 2010; d the provisions of any byelaws made under, or having effect as if made under, section 66 (powers to make byelaws) of the Land Drainage Act 1991 , which require consent or approval for the carrying out of the works. PART 2 WORKS PROVISIONS Principal powers Power to construct and maintain works 6 1 Network Rail may construct and maintain the scheduled works. 2 Subject to article 7 (power to deviate) the scheduled works may only be constructed in the lines or situations shown on the deposited plan and in accordance with the levels shown on the deposited sections. 3 Network Rail may on the land specified in columns (1) and (2) of Part 1 (ancillary works) of Schedule 2 (acquisition of land for ancillary and associated works) carry out and maintain any works specified in relation to that land in column (3) of that Schedule with all works as may be necessary or expedient in connection with those works. 4 Network Rail may on land specified in columns (1) and (2) of Schedule 3 (acquisition of new rights only) carry out and maintain any works specified in relation to that land in column (3) of that Schedule with all works as may be necessary or expedient in connection with those works. 5 Subject to paragraph (7) , Network Rail may carry out and maintain such of the following works as may be necessary or expedient for the purposes of, or for purposes ancillary to, the construction of the scheduled works, namely— a buildings, yards, machinery, plant, apparatus, track drainage works, fencing, platforms, platform shelters, and other works and conveniences; b make, provide and maintain all such approaches, ramps, footbridges, subway, lifts, stairs, passages, shafts and stagings, means of access , turning places, footpaths, bridleways, cycle tracks , gates, including temporary means of access from a highway to adjoining land; c embankments, cuttings, aprons, abutments, retaining walls, wing walls and culverts; d works to install or alter the position of apparatus, including mains, sewers, drains and cables; e works to alter or remove any structure erected upon any highway or adjoining land; and f works to alter the course of, or otherwise interfere with, a watercourse other than a navigable watercourse. 6 Subject to paragraph (7) , Network Rail may carry out such other works (of whatever nature) as may be necessary or expedient for the purposes of, or for purposes ancillary to, the construction of the authorised works. 7 Paragraphs (5) and (6) only authorise the carrying out or maintenance of works outside the limits of deviation if such works are carried out on— a land specified in columns (1) and (2) of Part 1 (ancillary works) of Schedule 2 (acquisition of land for ancillary and associated works) for the purpose specified in column (3) of that Schedule; or b land specified in columns (1) and (2) of Schedule 4 (land of which temporary possession may be taken) for the purposes specified in column (3) of that Schedule and in relation to the authorised works specified in column (4) of that Schedule. 8 Network Rail may, within the Order limits, but excluding land specified within Part 2 (associated works) of Schedule 2— a carry out and maintain landscaping and other works to mitigate any adverse effects of the construction, maintenance and operation of the authorised works (other than works authorised by this paragraph); and b carry out and maintain works for the benefit or protection of land affected by the authorised works (other than works authorised by this paragraph). Power to deviate 7 In constructing or maintaining any of the scheduled works, Network Rail may— a deviate laterally from the lines or situations shown on the deposited plan to the extent of the limits of deviation for that work; and b deviate vertically from the levels shown on the deposited sections— i to any extent upwards not exceeding 1 metre; or ii to any extent downwards as may be found to be necessary or convenient. Level Crossings Accommodation crossings 8 1 Subject to paragraph (2), all public or private rights of way (if any) across the railway by means of the accommodation facilities specified in columns (2) and (3) of Schedule 5 (accommodation crossings for which a substitute is to be provided), are extinguished. 2 Paragraph (1) does not take effect with respect to the extinguishment of the private rights of way by means of an accommodation facility specified in columns (2) and (3) Schedule 5 until the replacement facility specified in relation to it in column (4) of that Schedule has been provided. 3 Any person who suffers loss by the extinguishment of any private right of way under this article is entitled to compensation to be determined, in case of dispute, as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act. Power to execute street works 9 1 Network Rail may, for the purposes of the authorised works, enter upon any of the streets specified in Schedule 6 (streets subject to street works) as are within the Order limits to the extent necessary and may— a break up or open the street, or any sewer, drain or tunnel under it; b place apparatus in the street; c maintain apparatus in the street or change its position; and d execute any works required for or incidental to any works referred to in sub-paragraphs (a) , (b) and (c) . 2 In this article, “ apparatus ” has the same meaning as in Part 3 of the 1991 Act. Power to alter layout etc. of streets 10 Network Rail may for the purposes of the authorised works alter the layout of, or carry out any works in, the streets specified in columns (1) and (2) of Schedule 8 (streets subject to alteration of layout) in the manner specified in relation to that street in column (3). Temporary stopping up of streets 11 1 Network Rail, during and for the purposes of the execution of the authorised works, may temporarily stop up, alter or divert any street and may for any reasonable time— a divert the traffic from the street; and b subject to paragraph (3) , prevent all persons from passing along the street. 2 Without limitation on the scope of paragraph (1) , Network Rail may use any street stopped up under the powers conferred by this article within the Order limits as a temporary working site. 3 Network Rail must provide reasonable access for pedestrians going to or from premises abutting a street affected by the temporary stopping up, alteration or diversion of a street under this article if there would otherwise be no such access. 4 Without limitation on the scope of paragraph (1) , Network Rail may temporarily stop up, alter or divert the streets specified in columns (1) and (2) of Schedule 9 (streets to be temporarily stopped up) to the extent specified in column (3) of that Schedule. 5 Network Rail must not exercise the powers conferred by this article— a in relation to any street specified as mentioned in paragraph (4) without first consulting the street authority; and b in relation to any other street without the consent of the street authority which may attach reasonable conditions to any consent, but such consent must not be unreasonably withheld. 6 Any person who suffers loss by the suspension of any private right of way under this article is entitled to compensation to be determined, in case of dispute, as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act. 7 If within 28 days of receiving an application for consent under paragraph (5)(b) a street authority fails to notify Network Rail of its decision or refuses consent without giving any grounds for its refusal that street authority is deemed to have granted consent. 8 When making an application for consent under paragraph (5)(b), Network Rail must notify the street authority of the effect of paragraph (7). Access to works 12 1 Network Rail may, for the purposes of the authorised works— a form and lay out means of access, or improve existing means of access at or about the points marked “A” on the deposited plan; and b with the approval of the highway authority, form and lay out such other means of access or improve existing means of access, at such locations within the Order limits as Network Rail reasonably requires for the purposes of the authorised works. 2 If a highway authority fails to notify Network Rail of its decision within 28 days of receiving an application for approval under paragraph (1)(b) , that highway authority is deemed to have granted approval. 3 When making an application for approval under paragraph (1)(b), Network Rail must notify the highway authority of the effect of paragraph (2). Construction and maintenance of new or altered highways 13 1 Any highway to be constructed under this Order must be completed to the reasonable satisfaction of the highway authority and, unless otherwise agreed in writing between Network Rail and the highway authority in whose area the highway lies, must be maintained by and at the expense of Network Rail for a period of 12 months from its completion and from the expiry of that period by and at the expense of the highway authority. 2 Where a highway is altered or diverted under this Order, the altered or diverted part of the highway must, when completed to the reasonable satisfaction of the highway authority in whose area the highway lies, unless otherwise agreed between Network Rail and the highway authority, be maintained by and at the expense of Network Rail for a period of 12 months from its completion and from the expiry of that period by and at the expense of the highway authority. 3 Paragraphs (1) and (2) do not apply in relation to the structure of any bridge carrying a highway over or under any railway of Network Rail. 4 In any action against Network Rail in respect of loss or damage resulting from any failure by it to maintain a highway under this article, it is a defence (without affecting any other defence or the application of the law relating to contributory negligence) to prove that Network Rail had taken such care as in all the circumstances was reasonably required to secure that the part of the highway to which the action relates was not dangerous to traffic. 5 For the purposes of a defence under paragraph (4) , the court must in particular have regard to the following matters— a the character of the highway and the traffic which was reasonably to be expected to use it; b the standard of maintenance appropriate for a highway of that character and used by such traffic; c the state of repair in which a reasonable person would have expected to find the highway; d whether Network Rail knew, or could reasonably have been expected to know, that the condition of the part of the highway to which the action relates was likely to cause danger to users of the highway; and e where Network Rail could not reasonably have been expected to repair that part of the highway before the cause of action arose, what warning notices of its condition had been displayed, but for the purposes of such a defence it is not relevant to prove that Network Rail had arranged for a competent person to carry out or supervise the maintenance of the part of the highway to which the action relates unless it is also proved that Network Rail had given the competent person proper instructions with regard to the maintenance of the highway and that the competent person had carried out those instructions. Construction of bridges 14 1 Any bridge to be constructed under this Order for carrying a highway over or under a railway must be constructed in accordance with the plans and specifications approved by the highway authority but such approval is not to be unreasonably withheld. 2 If within 28 days of receiving an application for approval under paragraph (1) a highway authority fails to notify Network Rail of its decision or refuses approval without giving any grounds for its refusal that highway authority is deemed to have granted approval. 3 When making an application for approval under paragraph (1), Network Rail must notify the street authority of the effect of paragraph (2). Agreements with street authorities 15 1 A street authority and Network Rail may enter into agreements with respect to— a the construction of any new street (including any structure carrying the street over or under a railway) under the powers conferred by this Order; b the strengthening, improvement, repair or reconstruction of any street under the powers conferred by this Order; c the maintenance of the structure of any bridge constructed under the powers conferred by this Order; d any stopping up, alteration or diversion of a street under the powers conferred by this Order; or e the execution in the street of any of the works referred to in article 9(1) (power to execute street works). 2 Such an agreement may, without limitation on the scope of paragraph (1) — a make provision for the street authority to carry out any function under this Order which relates to the street in question; and b contain such terms as to payment and otherwise as the parties consider appropriate. Supplemental powers Discharge of water 16 1 Subject to paragraphs (3) to (5), Network Rail may use any watercourse or any public sewer or drain for the drainage of water in connection with the construction, operation or maintenance of the authorised works and for that purpose may lay down, take up and alter pipes and may, on any land within the Order limits, make openings into, and connections with, the watercourse, public sewer or drain. 2 Any dispute arising from the exercise of the powers conferred by paragraph (1) to connect to or use a public sewer or drain is to be determined as if it were a dispute under section 106 (right to communicate with public sewers) of the Water Industry Act 1991 . 3 Network Rail must not discharge any water into any watercourse, public sewer or drain except with the consent of the person to whom it belongs; and such consent may be given subject to such terms and conditions as that person may reasonably impose, but must not be unreasonably withheld. 4 Network Rail must not make any opening into any public sewer or drain except— a in accordance with plans approved by the person to whom the sewer or drain belongs, but such approval must not be unreasonably withheld; and b where that person has been given the opportunity to supervise the making of the opening. 5 Network Rail must not, in the exercise of the powers conferred by this article, damage or interfere with the bed or banks of any watercourse forming part of a main river. 6 Network Rail must take such steps as are reasonably practicable to secure that any water discharged into a watercourse or public sewer or drain under the powers conferred by this article is as free as may be practicable from gravel, soil or other solid substance, oil or matter in suspension. 7 Nothing in this article overrides the requirement for an environmental permit under regulation 12(1)(b) (requirement of environmental permit) of the 2016 Regulations . 8 If a person who receives an application for consent or approval fails to notify Network Rail of a decision within 28 days of receiving an application for consent under paragraph (3) or approval under paragraph (4)(a) that person is deemed to have granted consent or given approval, as the case may be. 9 Where making an application for consent under paragraph (3) or an application for approval under paragraph (4)(a), Network Rail must notify the effect of paragraph (8). 10 In this article— “ the 2016 Regulations ” means the Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2016; “ public sewer or drain ” means a sewer or drain which belongs to a sewerage undertaker, the Environment Agency, an internal drainage board, or a local authority; and other expressions, excluding watercourse, used both in this article and in the Water Resources Act 1991 have the same meaning as in that Act. Power to survey and investigate land 17 1 Network Rail may for the purposes of this Order— a survey or investigate any land shown within the Order limits; b without limitation on the scope of sub-paragraph (a) , make trial holes in such positions on the land as Network Rail thinks fit to investigate the nature of the surface layer and subsoil and remove soil samples; c without limitation on the scope of sub-paragraph (a) , carry out ecological or archaeological investigations on such land; d place on, leave on and remove from the land apparatus for use in connection with the survey and investigation of land and making of trial holes; and e enter on the land for the purpose of exercising the powers conferred by sub-paragraphs (a) to (d) . 2 No land may be entered or equipment placed or left on or removed from the land under paragraph (1) , unless at least 7 days’ notice has been served on every owner and occupier of the land. 3 Notice given in accordance with paragraph (2) must include— a a statement of the recipient’s rights under paragraph (15) ; and b a copy of any warrant issued under paragraph (8) . 4 If Network Rail proposes to do any of the following, the notice must include details of what is proposed— a searching, boring or excavating; b leaving apparatus on the land; c taking samples; d an aerial survey; e carrying out any other activities that may be required to facilitate compliance with the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 . 5 If Network Rail obtains a warrant after giving notice in accordance with paragraph (2) it must give a copy of the warrant to all those to whom it gave that notice. 6 Any person entering land under this article on behalf of Network Rail— a must, if so required, before or after entering the land produce written evidence of authority to do so including any warrant issued under paragraph (7) ; b may not use force unless a justice of the peace has issued a warrant under paragraph (7) authorising the person to do so; and c may take onto the land such vehicles and equipment as are necessary to carry out the survey or investigation or to make the trial holes; d may only enter and survey at a reasonable time; and e must if the land is unoccupied or the occupier is absent from the land when the person enters it, leave it as secure against trespassers as when the person entered it. 7 A justice of the peace may issue a warrant authorising a person to use force in the exercise of the power conferred by this article if satisfied— a that another person has prevented or is likely to prevent the exercise of that power; and b that it is reasonable to use force in the exercise of that power. 8 The force that may be authorised by a warrant is limited to that which is reasonably necessary. 9 A warrant authorising the person to use force must specify the number of occasions on which Network Rail can rely on the warrant when entering and surveying or valuing land. 10 The number specified must be the number which the justice of the peace considers appropriate to achieve the purpose for which the entry and survey or valuation are required. 11 Any evidence in proceedings for a warrant under this article must be given on oath. 12 No trial holes are to be made under this article— a in a carriageway or footway without the consent of the highway authority; or b in a private street without the consent of the street authority, but such consent must not be unreasonably withheld. 13 If either a highway authority or a street authority which receives an application for consent fails to notify Network Rail of its decision within 28 days of receiving the application for consent— a under paragraph (12)(a) in the case of a highway authority; or b under paragraph (12)(b) in the case of a street authority, that authority is deemed to have granted consent. 14 When making an application for approval under paragraph (12), Network Rail must notify the relevant authority of the effect of paragraph (13). 15 Network Rail must compensate the owners and occupiers of the land for any loss or damage arising by reason of the exercise of the powers conferred by this article, such compensation to be determined, in case of dispute, as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act. PART 3 ACQUISITION AND POSSESSION OF LAND Powers of Acquisition Power to acquire land 18 1 Network Rail may acquire compulsorily— a so much of the land shown on the deposited plan as lying within the limits of deviation and described in the book of reference as may be required for the purposes of the authorised works; and b so much of the land specified in columns (1) and (2) of Part 1 (ancillary works) of Schedule 2 (acquisition of land for ancillary and associated works) (being land shown on the deposited plan and described in the book of reference) as may be required for the purpose specified in relation to that land in column (3) of that Schedule, and may use any land so acquired for those purposes, or for any other purposes that are ancillary to its railway undertaking. 2 This article is subject to article 21 (power to acquire new rights) and article 23 (temporary use of land for construction of works). Application of Part 1 of the 1965 Act 19 1 Part 1 (compulsory purchase under Acquisition of Land Act 1946) of the 1965 Act, in so far as not modified by or inconsistent with the provisions of this Order, applies to the acquisition of land under this Order— a as it applies to a compulsory purchase to which the Acquisition of Land Act 1981 applies; and b as if this Order were a compulsory purchase order under that Act. 2 Part 1 of the 1965 Act, as applied by paragraph (1) has effect subject to the following modifications. 3 Omit section 4 (which provides a time limit for compulsory purchase of land). 4 In section 4A(1) (extension of time limit during challenge), for “section 23 of the Acquisition of Land Act 1981 (application to the High Court in respect of compulsory purchase order), the three year period mentioned in section 4”, substitute “section 22 of the Transport and Works Act 1992 (validity of orders under section 1 or 3), the five year period mentioned in article 27 (time limit for exercise of powers of acquisition) of the Network Rail (Church Fenton Level Crossing Reduction) Order 2024. 5 In section 11(1B) (powers of entry), in a case where the notice to treat relates only to the acquisition of an easement or other right over land, for “3 months” substitute “1 month” . 6 In section 11A (powers of entry: further notices of entry)— a in subsection (1)(a), after “land” insert “under that provision” ; b in subsection (2), after “land” insert “under that provision” . 7 In section 22(2) (expiry of time limit for exercise of compulsory purchase power not to affect acquisition of interests omitted from purchase), for “section 4 of this Act” substitute “article 27 (time limit for exercise of powers of acquisition) of the Network Rail (Church Fenton Level Crossing Reduction) Order 2024” . 8 In Schedule 2A (counter-notice requiring purchase of land), after paragraph 29 insert— PART 4 INTERPRETATION 30 In this Schedule, references to entering on and taking possession of land do not include doing so under articles 23 (temporary use of land for construction of works) and 24 (temporary use of land for maintenance of works) of the Network Rail (Church Fenton Level Crossing Reduction) Order 2024. . Application of the 1981 Act 20 1 The 1981 Act applies as if this Order were a compulsory purchase order. 2 The 1981 Act, as applied by paragraph (1), has effect with the following modifications. 3 In section 5(2) (earliest date for execution of declaration), omit the words from “, and this subsection” to the end. 4 Omit section 5A (time limit for general vesting declaration). 5 In section 5B (extension of time limit during challenge), for “section 23 of the Acquisition of Land Act 1981 (application to High Court in respect of compulsory purchase order), the three year period mentioned in section 5A” substitute “section 22 of the Transport and Works Act 1992 (validity of orders under section 1 or 3), the five year period mentioned in article 27 (time limit for exercise of powers of acquisition) of the Network Rail (Church Fenton Level Crossing Reduction) Order 2024” . 6 In section 6 (notices after execution of declaration), in subsection (1)(b), for “section 15 of, or paragraph 6 of Schedule 1 to the Acquisition of Land Act 1981” substitute “section 14A of the Transport and Works Act 1992” . 7 In section 7(1)(a) (constructive notice to treat), omit the words “(as modified by section 4 of the Acquisition of Land Act 1981)”. 8 References to the 1965 Act are construed as references to that Act as applied to the acquisition of land under article 18 (power to acquire land) by article 19 (application of Part 1 of the 1965 Act). Power to acquire new rights 21 1 Subject to paragraph (2) , Network Rail may acquire compulsorily such easements or other rights over any land which it is authorised to acquire under article 18 (power to acquire land) as may be required for any purpose for which that land may be acquired under that provision, by creating them as well as by acquiring easements or other rights already in existence. 2 In the case of the Order land specified in column (2) of Schedule 3 (acquisition of new rights only) Network Rail may compulsorily acquire such new rights as may be required for the purpose specified in relation to that land in column (3) of that Schedule. 3 Subject to Schedule 2A (counter-notice requiring purchase of land not in notice to treat) to the 1965 Act (as substituted by paragraph 5(8) of Schedule 10 (modification of compensation and compulsory purchase enactments for creation of new rights), where Network Rail acquires a right over land under paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) Network Rail is not required to acquire a greater interest in that land. 4 Schedule 10 has effect for the purpose of modifying the enactments relating to compensation and the provisions of the 1965 Act in their application in relation to the compulsory acquisition under this article of a right over land by the creation of a new right under this article. 5 In any case where the acquisition of new rights under paragraphs (1) or (2) is required for the purpose of diverting, replacing or protecting apparatus of a statutory undertaker Network Rail may, with the consent of the Secretary of State, transfer the power to acquire such rights to the statutory undertaker in question. 6 The exercise by a statutory undertaker of any power in accordance with a transfer under paragraph (5) is subject to the same restrictions, liabilities and obligations as would apply under this Order if that power were exercised by Network Rail. Rights under or over streets 22 1 Network Rail may enter upon and appropriate so much of the subsoil of, or airspace over, any street within the Order limits as may be required for the purposes of the authorised works and may use the subsoil or air-space for those purposes or any other purpose ancillary to its railway undertaking. 2 Subject to paragraph (3) , Network Rail may exercise any power conferred by paragraph (1) in relation to a street without Network Rail being required to acquire any part of the street or any easement or right in the street. 3 Paragraph (2) does not apply in relation to— a any subway or underground building; or b any cellar, vault, arch or other construction in, on or under a street which forms part of a building fronting onto the street. 4 Subject to paragraph (5) , any person who is an owner or occupier of land in respect of which the power of appropriation conferred by paragraph (1) is exercised without Network Rail acquiring any part of that person’s interest in the land, and who suffers loss by the exercise of that power, is entitled to compensation to be determined, in case of dispute, as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act. 5 Compensation is not payable under paragraph (4) to any person who is an undertaker to whom section 85 (sharing of cost of necessary measures) of the 1991 Act applies in respect of measures of which the allowable costs are to be borne in accordance with that section. Temporary possession of land Temporary use of land for construction of works 23 1 Network Rail may, in connection with the carrying out of the authorised works— a enter on and take temporary possession of— i the land specified in columns (1) and (2) of Schedule 4 (land of which temporary possession may be taken) for the purpose specified in relation to that land in column (3) of that Schedule relating to the authorised works specified in column (4) of that Schedule; and ii subject to paragraph (10) , any other land within Order limits in respect of which no notice of entry has been served under section 11 (powers of entry) of the 1965 Act (other than in connection with the acquisition of rights only) and no declaration has been made under section 4 (execution of declaration) of the 1981 Act; b remove any buildings and vegetation from that land; c construct temporary works (including the provision of means of access) and buildings on that land; d temporarily occupy and use airspace for the purposes of the operation of a crane in connection with the construction of the authorised works; and e construct any permanent works specified in relation to that land in column (4) of Schedule 4 or any mitigation works on that land. 2 Not less than 14 days before entering on and taking temporary possession of land under this article Network Rail must serve notice of the intended entry on the owners and occupiers of the land. 3 Network Rail may not, without the agreement of the owners of the land, remain in possession of any land under this article— a in the case of land specified in paragraph (1)(a)(i) after the end of the period of one year beginning with the date of completion of the work specified in relation to that land in column (4) of Schedule 4; or b in the case of land referred to in paragraph (1)(a)(ii) , after the end of the period of one year beginning with the date of completion of the work for which temporary possession of this land was taken unless Network Rail has, before the end of that period, served a notice of entry under section 11 of the 1965 Act or made a declaration under section 4 (execution of declaration) of the 1981 Act. 4 Before giving up possession of land of which temporary possession has been taken under this article, Network Rail must remove all temporary works and restore the land to the reasonable satisfaction of the owners of the land, but Network Rail is not required to— a replace a building removed under this article; b restore the land on which any works have been constructed under paragraph (1)(e) ; or c remove any ground strengthening works which have been placed in that land to facilitate construction of the authorised works. 5 Network Rail must pay compensation to the owners and occupiers of land of which temporary possession is taken under this article for any loss or damage arising from the exercise in relation to the land of the powers conferred by this article. 6 Any dispute as to a person’s entitlement to compensation under paragraph (5) , or as to the amount of the compensation, is to be determined as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act. 7 Without affecting article 39 (no double recovery), nothing in this article affects any liability to pay compensation under section 10(2) (further provision as to compensation for injurious affection) of the 1965 Act or under any other enactment in respect of loss or damage arising from the execution of any works, other than loss or damage for which compensation is payable under paragraph (5) . 8 Where Network Rail takes possession of land under this article, Network Rail is not required to acquire the land or any interest in it. 9 Section 13 (refusal to give possession to acquiring authority) of the 1965 Act applies to the temporary use of land under this article to the same extent as it applies to the compulsory acquisition of land under this Order by virtue of article 19 (application of Part 1 of the 1965 Act). 10 Paragraph (1)(a)(ii) does not authorise Network Rail to take temporary possession of any land which it is not authorised to acquire under article 18 (power to acquire land) or any land specified in Schedule 3 (acquisition of new rights only). Temporary use of land for maintenance of works 24 1 Subject to paragraph (2) , at any time during the maintenance period relating to any of the scheduled works, Network Rail may— a enter upon and take temporary possession of any land within the Order limits if such possession is reasonably required for the purpose of maintaining the work or any ancillary works connected with it; and b construct such temporary works (including the provision of means of access) and buildings on the land as may be reasonably necessary for that purpose. 2 Paragraph (1) does not authorise Network Rail to take temporary possession of— a any house or garden belonging to a house; b any building (other than a house) if it is for the time being occupied; or c any land listed in Schedule 3 (acquisition of new rights only). 3 Not less than 28 days before entering upon and taking temporary possession of land under this article Network Rail must serve notice of the intended entry on the owners and occupiers or the land. 4 Network Rail may only remain in possession of land under this article for so long as may be reasonably necessary to carry out the maintenance of works for which possession of the land was taken. 5 Before giving up possession of land of which temporary possession has been taken under this article, Network Rail must remove all temporary works and restore the land to the reasonable satisfaction of the owners of the land. 6 Network Rail must pay compensation to the owners and occupiers of land of which temporary possession is taken under this article for any loss or damage arising from the exercise in relation to the land of the powers conferred by this article. 7 Any dispute as to a person’s entitlement to compensation under paragraph (6) , or as to the amount of the compensation, is to be determined as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act. 8 Without affecting article 39 (no double recovery), nothing in this article affects any liability to pay compensation under section 10(2) (further provision as to compensation for injurious affection) of the 1965 Act or under any other enactment in respect of loss or damage arising from the execution of any works, other than loss or damage for which compensation is payable under paragraph (6) . 9 Where Network Rail takes possession of land under this article, it is not required to acquire the land or any interest in it. 10 Section 13 (refusal to give possession to acquiring authority) of the 1965 Act applies to the temporary use of land under this article to the same extent as it applies to the compulsory acquisition of land under this Order by virtue of article 19 (application of Part 1 of the 1965 Act). 11 In this article, “ the maintenance period ” in relation to a scheduled work, means the period of 5 years beginning with the date on which the work is opened for use. Compensation Disregard of certain interests and improvements 25 1 In assessing the compensation payable to any person on the acquisition from that person of any land under this Order, the tribunal must not take into account— a any interest in land; or b any enhancement of the value of any interest in land by reason of any building erected, works executed or improvement or alteration made on relevant land, if the tribunal is satisfied that the creation of the interest, the erection of the building, the execution of the works or the making of the improvement or alteration was not reasonably necessary and was undertaken with a view to obtaining compensation or increased compensation. 2 In paragraph (1) “ relevant land ” means the land acquired from the person concerned or any other land with which that person is, or was at the time when the building was erected, the works executed or the improvement or alteration made, directly or indirectly concerned. Supplementary Extinction or suspension of private rights of way 26 1 Subject to paragraph (6) , all private rights of way over land subject to compulsory acquisition under this Order are extinguished— a as from the date of acquisition of the land by Network Rail, whether compulsorily or by agreement; or b on the date of entry on the land by Network Rail under section 11(1) (powers of entry) of the 1965 Act, whichever is the sooner. 2 Subject to paragraph (6) , all private rights of way over land owned by Network Rail which, being within the Order limits, is required for the purposes of this Order are extinguished on the appropriation of the land for any of those purposes by Network Rail. 3 Subject to the provisions of this article, all private rights of way over land subject to the compulsory acquisition of rights under this Order are extinguished in so far as their continuance would be inconsistent with the exercise of the right— a as from the date of the acquisition of the right by Network Rail, whether compulsorily or by agreement; or b on the date of entry on the land by Network Rail under section 11(1) of the 1965 Act, whichever is the sooner. 4 Subject to paragraph (6) , all private rights of way over land of which Network Rail takes temporary possession under this Order are suspended and unenforceable for as long as Network Rail remains in lawful possession of the land. 5 Any person who suffers loss by the extinguishment or suspension of any private right of way under this article is entitled to compensation to be determined, in case of dispute, as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act. 6 This article does not apply in relation to any right of way to which section 271 or 272 (extinguishment of rights of statutory undertakers etc.) of the 1990 Act applies. 7 Paragraphs (1) to (4) have effect subject to— a any notice given by Network Rail before— i the completion of the acquisition of; ii Network Rail’s appropriation of; iii Network Rail’s entry onto; or iv Network Rail taking temporary possession of, the land, that any or all of those paragraphs do not apply to any right of way specified in the notice; and b any agreement made (whether before or after any of the events mentioned in sub-paragraph (a) and before or after the coming into force of this Order) which makes reference to this article between Network Rail and the person in or to whom the right of way in question is vested or belongs. 8 If any such agreement as is mentioned in paragraph (7)(b) is expressed to have effect also for the benefit of those deriving title from or under the person in or to whom the right of way in question is vested or belongs, it is effective in respect of the persons so deriving title, whether the title was derived before or after the making of the agreement. Time limit for exercise of powers of acquisition 27 1 After the end of the period of 5 years beginning on the day on which this Order comes into force— a no notice to treat is to be served under Part 1 (compulsory purchase under Acquisition of Land Act 1946) of the 1965 Act as applied to the acquisition of land by article 19 (application of Part 1 of the 1965 Act); and b no declaration is to be executed under section 4 (execution of declaration) of the 1981 Act as applied by article 20 (application of the 1981 Act). 2 The powers conferred by article 23 (temporary use of land for construction of works) cease at the end of the period referred to in paragraph (1) , except that nothing in this paragraph prevents Network Rail remaining in possession of land after the end of that period, if the land was entered and possession was taken before the end of that period. PART 4 MISCELLANEOUS AND GENERAL Defence to proceedings in respect of statutory nuisance 28 1 Where proceedings are brought under section 82(1) (summary proceedings by person aggrieved by statutory nuisance) of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 in relation to a nuisance falling within section 79(1)(g) (noise emitted from premises so as to be prejudicial to health or a nuisance) of that Act no order is to be made, and no fine may be imposed, under section 82(2) of that Act if the defendant shows— a that the nuisance relates to premises used by Network Rail for the purposes of or in connection with the exercise of the powers conferred by this Order with respect to the authorised works and that the nuisance is attributable to the carrying out of the authorised works which are being carried out in accordance with a notice served under section 60 (control of noise on construction site), or a consent given under section 61 (prior consent for work on construction site) of the Control of Pollution Act 1974 ; or b that the nuisance is a consequence of the construction, operation or maintenance of the authorised works and that it cannot reasonably be avoided. 2 Section 61(9) (consent for work on construction site to include statement that it does not of itself constitute a defence to proceedings under section 82 of the Environmental Protection act 1990) of the Control of Pollution Act 1974 does not apply where the consent relates to the use of premises by Network Rail for the purposes of or in connection with the exercise of the powers conferred by this Order with respect to works. 3 In proceedings for an offence under section 80(4) (summary proceedings for statutory nuisance) of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 in respect of a statutory nuisance falling within section 79(1)(g) or (ga) of that Act where the offence consists in contravening requirements imposed by virtue of section 80(1)(a) or (b) of that Act, it is a defence to show that the nuisance— a is a consequence of the construction, operation or maintenance of the works authorised by this Order; and b cannot reasonably be avoided. 4 The provisions of this article do not affect the application to the authorised works of section 122 (statutory authority as a defence to actions in nuisance, etc.) of the Railways Act 1993 or any rule of common law having similar effect. Planning Permission 29 Planning permission which is deemed by a direction under section 90(2A) (development with government authorisation) of the 1990 Act to be granted in relation to the authorised works is to be treated as specific planning permission for the purposes of section 264(3)(a) (cases in which land is to be treated as operational land) of that Act. Power to lop trees overhanging the authorised works 30 1 Network Rail may fell or lop any tree or shrub near any part of the authorised works, or cut back its roots, if it reasonably believes it to be necessary to do so to prevent the tree or shrub— a from obstructing or interfering with the construction, maintenance or operation of the authorised works or any apparatus used on the authorised works; or b from constituting a danger to passengers or other persons using the authorised works. 2 In exercising the powers conferred by paragraph (1), Network Rail must not cause unnecessary damage to any tree or shrub and must pay compensation to any person for any loss or damage arising from the exercise of those powers. 3 Any dispute as to a person’s entitlement to compensation under paragraph (2) , or as to the amount of compensation, is to be determined as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act. Obstruction of construction of authorised works 31 Any person who, without reasonable excuse— a obstructs any person acting under the authority of Network Rail in setting out the lines of the scheduled works or in constructing any authorised work; or b interferes with, moves or removes any apparatus belonging to any person acting under the authority of Network Rail, is guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale. Traffic regulation 32 1 Subject to the provisions of this article, and the consent of the traffic authority in whose area the street concerned is situated, which consent must not be unreasonably withheld, Network Rail, may, insofar as may be necessary or expedient for the purposes of, in connection with, or in consequence of the construction, maintenance or operation of the authorised works make provision for a vehicular speed limit between points TR1 and TR2 of 40 miles per hour on both sides of the carriageway of Common Lane in the county of North Yorkshire. 2 Without limitation on the scope of the specific powers conferred by paragraph (1) but subject to the provisions of this article and the consent of the traffic authority in whose area the road concerned is situated, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, Network Rail may, insofar as maybe necessary or expedient for the purposes of, in connection with, or in consequence of the construction, maintenance or operation of the authorised works— a revoke, amend or suspend in whole or in part any traffic regulation order made, or having effect as if made, under the 1984 Act; b permit, prohibit or restrict the parking, stopping, waiting, loading or unloading of vehicles on any road; c suspend or authorise the use as a parking place of any road; d restrict the speed of vehicles along any road; e make provision as to the direction or priority of vehicular traffic on any road; and f permit or prohibit vehicular access to any road, either at all times or at times, on days or during such periods as may be specified by Network Rail. 3 If within 28 days of receiving an application for consent under paragraph (1) a traffic authority fails to notify Network Rail of its decision or refuses consent without giving any grounds for its refusal that traffic authority is deemed to have granted consent. 4 When making an application for consent under paragraph (1), Network Rail must notify the traffic authority of the effect of paragraph (3). 5 The powers conferred by paragraph (1) may only be exercised after Network Rail has consulted the chief officer of police and the traffic authority in whose area the road concerned is situated before complying with provisions of paragraph (6) . 6 Network Rail must not exercise the powers conferred by paragraph (1) unless it has— a given not less than— i 12 weeks’ notice in writing of its intention so to do in the case of a prohibition, restriction or other provision intended to have effect permanently; or ii 4 weeks’ notice in writing of its intention so to do in the case of a prohibition, restriction or other provision intended to have effect temporarily, to the chief officer of police and to the traffic authority in whose area the street is situated; and b advertised its intention in such manner as the traffic authority may specify in writing within 28 days of its receipt of notice of Network Rail’s intention in the case of sub-paragraph (a)(i), or within 7 days of its receipt of notice of Network Rail’s intention in the case of sub-paragraph (a)(ii) . 7 Any prohibition, restriction or other provision made by Network Rail under paragraph (1)— a has effect as if duly made by, as the case may be— i the traffic authority in whose area the street is situated, as a traffic regulation order under the 1984 Act or, in the case of provision for vehicle speed limits, as an order under section 84 of that Act (speed limits on roads other than restricted roads); or ii the local authority in whose area the street is situated, as an order under section 32 (power of local authorities to provide parking places) of the1984 Act, and the instrument by which it is effected may specify savings and exemptions to which the prohibition, restriction or other provision is subject; and b except in the case of provision for vehicle speed limits, is deemed to be a traffic order for the purposes of Schedule 7 (road traffic contraventions subject to civil enforcement) to the Traffic Management Act 2004 . 8 Any prohibition, restriction or other provision made under this article may be suspended, varied or revoked by Network Rail from time to time by subsequent exercise of the powers conferred by paragraph (1) within a period of 24 months from the opening of the authorised works for public use. 9 Expressions used in this article and in the 1984 Act have the same meaning in this article as in that Act. 10 The powers conferred on Network Rail by this article with respect to any road have effect subject to any agreement entered into by Network Rail with any person with an interest in (or who undertakes activities in relation to) premises served by the road. Traffic signs 33 1 Network Rail may, for the purposes of, or in connection with, the construction or operation of, the authorised works, place or maintain traffic signs on any street within the Order limits or which gives access to such a street, or on any street in connection with any instrument made under article 32 (traffic regulation) or any other street as reasonably required for conveying information to traffic. 2 Network Rail— a must consult with the traffic authority as to the placing of traffic signs; and b may, subject to any directions given under section 65 (powers and duties of highway authorities as to placing of traffic signs) of the 1984 Act, enter into arrangements with the consent of the traffic authority for the traffic signs to be placed and maintained by the traffic authority, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld. 3 Any power conferred by section 65 of the 1984 Act to give directions to a traffic authority or local traffic authority as to traffic signs includes a power to give directions to Network Rail as to traffic signs under this article; and the powers conferred by paragraph (1) are exercisable subject to and in conformity with any directions given under that section. 4 A traffic authority or other authority having power under or by virtue of the 1984 Act to place and maintain, or cause to be placed and maintained, traffic signs on any street referred to in paragraph (1) must consult with Network Rail as to the placing of any traffic signs which may affect the authorised works. 5 Expressions used in this article and in the 1984 Act have the same meaning in this article as in that Act. Disclosure of confidential information 34 A person who— a enters a factory, workshop or workplace under the provisions of or article 17 (power to survey and investigate land); and b discloses to any person any information obtained as a result of that entry and relating to any manufacturing process or trade secret, is guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale unless the disclosure is made in the course of that person’s performance of a duty in connection with the purposes for which the person was authorised to enter the land. Statutory undertakers etc. 35 Schedule 7 (provisions relating to statutory undertakers etc.) has effect. Protection of interests 36 Schedule 11 (protective provisions) has effect. Certification of plans etc. 37 Network Rail must, as soon as practicable after the making of this Order, submit copies of the book of reference, the deposited sections and the deposited plan to the Secretary of State for certification that they are, respectively, true copies of the book of reference, the deposited sections and the deposited plan referred to in this Order; and a document so certified is admissible in any proceedings as evidence of the contents of the document of which it is a copy. Service of notices 38 1 A notice or other document required or authorised to be served for the purposes of this Order may be served— a by post; or b with the consent of the recipient and subject to paragraphs (6) to (8) by electronic transmission. 2 Where the person on whom a notice or other document to be served for the purposes of this Order is a body corporate, the notice or document is duly served if it is served on the secretary or clerk of that body. 3 For the purposes of section 7 (references to service by post) of the Interpretation Act 1978 as it applies for the purposes of this article, the proper address of any person in relation to the service on that person of a notice or document under paragraph (1) is, if that person has given an address for service, that address, and otherwise— a in the case of the secretary or clerk of a body corporate, the registered or principal office of that body; and b in any other case, the last known address of that person at the time of service. 4 Where for the purposes of this Order a notice or other document is required or authorised to be served on a person as having any interest in, or as the occupier of, land and the name or address of that person cannot be ascertained after reasonable enquiry, the notice may be served by— a addressing it to that person by name or by the description of “owner”, or as the case may be “occupier”, of the land (describing it); and b either leaving it in the hands of a person who is or appears to be resident or employed on the land or leaving it conspicuously affixed to some building or object on or near the land. 5 Where a notice or other document required to be served or sent for the purposes of this Order is served or sent by electronic transmission the requirement is taken to be fulfilled where the recipient of the notice or other document to be transmitted has given consent to the use of electronic transmission either in writing or by electronic transmission. 6 Where the recipient of a notice or other document served or sent by electronic transmission notifies the sender within 7 days of receipt that the recipient requires a paper copy of all or any part of that notice or other document the sender must provide such a copy as soon as reasonably practicable. 7 Any consent to the use of electronic communication given by a person may be revoked by that person in accordance with paragraph (8) . 8 Where a person is no longer willing to accept the use of electronic transmission for any of the purposes of this Order— a that person must give notice in writing or by electronic transmission revoking any consent given by that person for that purpose; and b such revocation is final and takes effect on a date specified by the person in the notice but that date must not be less than 7 days after the date on which the notice is given. 9 This article does not exclude the employment of any method of service not expressly provided for by it. 10 In this article— “ address ” includes any number or address used for the purposes of electronic transmission; and “ electronic transmission ” means a communication transmitted— by means of an electronic communications network; or by other means but while in electronic form, and in this definition “ electronic communications network ” has the same meaning as in section 32(1) (meaning of electronic communications networks and services) of the 2003 Act. No double recovery 39 Compensation is not payable in respect of the same matter both under this Order and under any other enactment, any contract or any rule of law. Arbitration 40 Any difference under any provision of this Order, unless otherwise provided for, must be referred to and settled by a single arbitrator to be agreed between the parties or, failing agreement, to be appointed on the application of either party (after giving notice in writing to the other) by the President of the Institution of Civil Engineers. Signed by authority of the Secretary of State for Transport Natasha Kopala Head of the Transport and Works Act Orders Unit Department for Transport 4th April 2024