environmental protection, england and wales Citation, commencement and extent 1 1 These Regulations may be cited as the Sulphur Content of Liquid Fuels (England and Wales) Regulations 2007 and come into force on 16th February 2007. 2 These Regulations extend to England and Wales. Interpretation 2 1 In these Regulations— “combustion plant” means any technical apparatus in which fuels are oxidised in order to use the heat generated; “Council Directive 1999/32/EC ” means Council Directive 1999/32/EC relating to a reduction in the sulphur content of certain liquid fuels and amending Directive 93/12/EEC ; “gas oil” means any petroleum-derived liquid fuel— that falls within CN code 2710 19 25, 2710 19 29, 2710 19 47, 2710 19 48, 2710 20 17 or 2710 20 19; or where less than 65 per cent by volume (including losses) distils at 250°C and at least 85 per cent by volume (including losses) distils at 350°C by the ASTM D86 method, but excluding marine fuels, diesel fuels (as defined by Article 2(2) of Directive 98/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels) and fuels used in non-road mobile machinery or agricultural tractors; “heavy fuel oil” means any petroleum-derived liquid fuel— that falls within CN code 2710 19 51 to 2710 19 68, 2710 20 31, 2710 20 35 or 2710 20 39; which, by reason of its distillation limits, falls within the category of heavy oils intended for use as fuel and of which less than 65 per cent by volume (including losses) distils at 250°C by the ASTM D86 method; or where the distillation cannot be determined by the ASTM D86 method, that is categorised as heavy fuel oil, but excluding marine fuel and gas oil; “marine fuel” means any petroleum-derived liquid fuel intended for use or in use on board a vessel, including those fuels defined in ISO 8217; “sulphur content of liquid fuels permit” has the meaning given in regulation 4(5)(b). 2 In paragraph (1)— a an ASTM method means a method laid down by the American Society for Testing and Materials in the 1976 edition of standard definitions and specifications for petroleum and lubricating products; and b the reference to a numbered CN code is a reference to the code set out in Annex I to Council Regulation 2658/87 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff. 3 Expressions used in these Regulations that also appear in Council Directive 1999/32/EC have the same meaning as they do in that Directive. Application 3 These Regulations do not apply to heavy fuel oil or gas oil intended for— a the purposes of research and testing; b processing prior to final combustion; or c processing in the refining industry. Maximum sulphur content of heavy fuel oil 4 1 No person shall use any heavy fuel oil that has a sulphur content exceeding 1 per cent by mass. 2 Until 1st January 2016, paragraph (1) shall not apply to the use of heavy fuel oil— a in a new plant that— i is subject to Article 4(1) of Directive 2001/80/EC and is operated in accordance with a permit containing a condition that emission limit values for sulphur dioxide are at least as stringent as those set out for new plants in Part A of Annex IV of that Directive; or ii is subject to Article 4(2) of Directive 2001/80/EC and is operated in accordance with a permit containing a condition that emission limit values for sulphur dioxide are at least as stringent as those set out for new plants in Part B of Annex IV of that Directive; b in an existing plant— i operated in accordance with a permit containing a condition that emission limit values for sulphur dioxide are at least as stringent as those set out for new plants in Part A of Annex IV of Directive 2001/80/EC ; or ii that is a participating plant operated in accordance with a permit containing a condition prohibiting the monthly average emissions of sulphur dioxide from the plant from exceeding 1,700 mg/Nm 3 at an oxygen content in the flue gas of 3 per cent by volume on a dry basis; c in a combustion plant, other than a plant to which sub-paragraph (a) or (b) applies, that is operated in accordance with a permit containing a condition prohibiting the monthly average of emissions of sulphur dioxide from the plant from exceeding 1,700 mg/Nm 3 at an oxygen content in the flue gas of 3 per cent by volume on a dry basis; or d in a combustion plant, other than a gas engine, a gas turbine or a plant to which sub-paragraph (a) or (b) applies, that— i forms part of a refinery; and ii is operated in accordance with a permit containing a condition that the monthly average of emissions of sulphur dioxide averaged over all combustion plants in the refinery, irrespective of the type of fuel or fuel combination used, does not exceed 1,700 mg/Nm 3 at an oxygen content in the flue gas of 3 per cent by volume on a dry basis. 3 As from 1st January 2016, paragraph (1) shall not apply to the use of heavy fuel oil— a in a combustion plant that— i falls within the scope of Chapter III of Directive 2010/75/ EU ; and ii is operated in accordance with a permit containing a condition that emission limit values for sulphur dioxide are at least as stringent as those set out in Annex V to that Directive; b in a combustion plant that— i falls within the scope of Chapter III of Directive 2010/75/ EU ; ii is not subject to the emission limit values for sulphur dioxide set out in Annex V to that Directive; and iii is operated in accordance with a permit containing a condition prohibiting the monthly average emissions of sulphur dioxide from the plant from exceeding 1,700 mg/Nm 3 at an oxygen content in the flue gas of 3 per cent by volume on a dry basis; c in a combustion plant, other than a plant to which sub-paragraph (a) or (b) applies, that is operated in accordance with a permit containing a condition prohibiting the monthly average emissions of sulphur dioxide from exceeding 1,700 mg/Nm 3 at an oxygen content in the flue gas of 3 per cent by volume on a dry basis; or d in a combustion plant, other than a gas engine, a gas turbine or a plant to which sub-paragraph (a) or (b) applies, that— i forms part of a refinery; and ii is operated in accordance with a permit containing a condition that the monthly average of emissions of sulphur dioxide averaged over all combustion plants in the refinery, irrespective of the type or fuel or fuel combination used, does not exceed 1,700 mg/Nm 3 at an oxygen content in the flue gas of 3 per cent by volume on a dry basis. 4 An authority that grants a permit referred to in paragraph (2) or (3) shall carry out appropriate monitoring of emissions of sulphur dioxide to ensure that the limitations on emissions contained in that permit are not exceeded. 5 In this regulation— “ Directive 2001/80/EC ” means Directive 2001/80/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants; “Directive 2010/75/ EU ” means Directive 2010/75/ EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control) (Recast); “existing plant” and “new plant” have the meaning given in Article 2(10) and 2(9) respectively of Directive 2001/80/EC ; “gas engine” and “gas turbine” have the meaning given in Article 3(34) and (33) respectively of Directive 2010/75/ EU ; “participating plant” has the meaning given in regulation 3(1)(a) of the Large Combustion Plants (National Emission Reduction Plan) Regulations 2007; “permit” means— if the operation of the combustion plant requires an authorisation or permit— an authorisation under Part I of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 (integrated pollution control and air pollution control by local authorities); or a permit under regulations made under section 2 of the Pollution Prevention and Control Act 1999 (regulation of polluting activities); or a sulphur content of liquid fuels permit which— was granted for the purposes of the Sulphur Content of Liquid Fuels (England and Wales) Regulations 2000 and which is still subsisting; or is granted under these Regulations. 6 The Schedule (sulphur content of liquid fuels permits) has effect. Maximum sulphur content in gas oil 5 No person shall use any gas oil that has a sulphur content exceeding 0.1 per cent by mass. Sampling and analysis 6 1 The Secretary of State shall take all necessary measures to ensure that periodic sampling is carried out of heavy fuel oil and gas oil and that the samples are analysed to check that the use of those fuels complies with regulations 4(1) and 5. 2 Sampling shall be carried out with sufficient frequency and in such a way that the Secretary of State is satisfied that the samples are representative of the fuels examined. 3 The samples shall be analysed without undue delay. 4 The reference method adopted for determining the sulphur content of fuels sampled pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be defined by EN ISO 8754:2003 or EN ISO 14596:2007 . Offences and penalties 7 1 A person is guilty of an offence if he contravenes regulation 4(1) or 5, or causes or permits another person to do so. 2 Any person guilty of an offence under paragraph (1) is liable, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding level 2 on the standard scale. 3 Where an offence under paragraph (1) committed by a body corporate is proved— a to have been committed with the consent or connivance of an officer, or b to be attributable to any neglect on his part, the officer as well as the body corporate is guilty of that offence and liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly. 4 “Officer” in relation to a body corporate means a director, manager, secretary or other similar officer of the body, or a person purporting to act in any such capacity. 5 If the affairs of a body corporate are managed by its members, paragraph (3) applies in relation to the acts or defaults of a member in connection with his functions of management as if he were a director of the body corporate. Revocation and saving 8 1 Subject to paragraph (2), the Sulphur Content of Liquid Fuels (England and Wales) Regulations 2000 are revoked. 2 Where an operator of a combustion plant— a has submitted an application for a sulphur content of liquid fuels permit in accordance with Schedule 1 to those Regulations; and b the application has not been determined at the date these Regulations come into force, the application shall continue to be determined under those Regulations. Review 9 The Secretary of State must from time to time— a carry out, in relation to England, a review of these Regulations; b set out the conclusions of the review in a report; and c publish the report. 2 In carrying out the review the Secretary of State must, so far as reasonable, have regard to how Council Directive 1999/32/EC , which is being implemented by means of these Regulations, is implemented in other member States. 3 The report must in particular— a set out the objectives intended to be achieved by the regulatory system established by these Regulations; b assess the extent to which those objectives are achieved, and c assess whether those objectives remain appropriate and, if so, the extent to which they could be achieved with a system that imposes less regulation. 4 The first report under this regulation must be published before 29th August 2019. 5 Reports under this regulation are afterwards to be published at intervals not exceeding five years. Ben Bradshaw Minister of State Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs