user: [Q]: Given the background: Marine pollution is a generic term for the entry into the ocean of potentially hazardous chemicals or particles. The biggest culprits are rivers and with them many agriculture fertilizer chemicals as well as livestock and human waste. The excess of oxygen-depleting chemicals leads to hypoxia and the creation of a dead zone.Marine debris, which is also known as marine litter, describes human-created waste floating in a body of water. Oceanic debris tends to accumulate at the center of gyres and coastlines, frequently washing aground where it is known as beach litter.  and the situation: Two cities situated on the shores of a large ocean polluted it in different ways.  Truck city had an economy that was based on tourism, while Farm city was based on agriculture.  Answer the following question: Which city caused less hypoxia?
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[A]: Truck


[Q]: Given the background: Overconsumption is a situation where resource use has outpaced the sustainable capacity of the ecosystem. A prolonged pattern of overconsumption leads to environmental degradation and the eventual loss of resource bases.  and the situation: The country of Qatar is opulent, to say the least. They have one of the highest per capita income in the world - exceeding that of Western Europe and North America. Over-consumption  is the way of life in Qatar. While similarly small country of Bhutan puts emphasis on the happiness of its citizens in a different way. Bhutan does not give way to material over-consumption like Qatar does - it cares about its citizens' spiritual and social well-being.  Answer the following question: In which country resource use would not most likely outpace ecosystem sustainability?
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[A]: Bhutan


[Q]: Given the background: Alkali, or Alkaline, soils are clay soils with high pH (> 8.5), a poor soil structure and a low infiltration capacity. Often they have a hard calcareous layer at 0.5 to 1 metre depth. Alkali soils owe their unfavorable physico-chemical properties mainly to the dominating presence of sodium carbonate, which causes the soil to swell[1] and difficult to clarify/settle. They derive their name from the alkali metal group of elements, to which sodium belongs, and which can induce basicity. Sometimes these soils are also referred to as alkaline sodic soils. Alkaline soils are basic, but not all basic soils are alkaline.  and the situation: Pat has 2 acres of land next to Tim's property. Tim's land is of similar size. The clay soil on Tim's property is very alkaline, so he had to amend it with aluminum salts to make it more acidic in order to grow crops. The soil on Pat's parcel has a good structure and high infiltration capacity. Pat gets twice as much food of his land every year.  Answer the following question: Which soil from these two parcels has a low infiltration capacity?
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[A]: Tim's


[Q]: Given the background: One interesting thing that has been found in plants that are consistently exposed to drought, is their ability to form a sort of "memory". In a study by Tombesi et al., they found plants who had previously been exposed to drought were able to come up with a sort of strategy to minimize water loss and decrease water use. They found that plants who were exposed to drought conditions actually changed they way the regulated their stomates and what they called "hydraulic safety margin" so as to decrease the venerability of the plant. By changing the regulation of stomata and subsequently the transpiration, plants were able to function better in situations where the availability of water decreased.  and the situation: In a greenhouse, two new plants have just been planted. Flower D has come from a region of little rainfall. Flower E was taken from an area that sees rain nearly every day of the year.  Answer the following question: Which flower would be worse at handling not being watered for a long period of time?
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[A]:

assistant: Flower E