user: Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Input: Consider Input: Context: The nucleolar 58-kDa microspherule protein (MSP58) has important transcriptional regulation functions and plays a crucial role in the tumorigenesis and progression of cancers. 3'-deoxy-3'-[18F]fluorothymidine (FLT) has emerged as a promising positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for evaluating tumor malignancy and cell proliferation.", 'In the present study, the expression of MSP58 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and the corresponding PET image was examined using FLT-PET in 55 patients with various grades of gliomas.', 'The immunoreactivity score (IRS) of MSP58 increased with tumor grade with grade IV gliomas exhibiting the highest expression and showed a highly significant positive correlation with the Ki-67 index (r = 0.65, P < 0.001). The IRS of MSP58 in the tumor showed a highly significant positive correlation with corresponding FLT uptake value (r = 0.61, P < 0.001). The correlation between MSP58 expression and glioma malignancy was also confirmed by immunofluorescence, RT-PCR and western blot analysis. FLT uptake value also exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with the Ki-67 index (r = 0.59, P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that MSP58 expression has a significant prognostic ability for the overall survival time similar to that found in the uptake value of FLT-PET.
Answer: These results indicate that MSP58 plays an important role in cell proliferation and will be one of the potential candidates of molecular therapy targeting proliferation. FLT-PET might be used as an early measure of treatment response in the proliferation-targeted therapy.

Output: Is expression of 58-kD Microspherule Protein ( MSP58 ) Highly Correlated with PET Imaging of Tumor Malignancy and Cell Proliferation in Glioma Patients?


Input: Consider Input: Context: Stat6 signaling is active in cancer cells and IL-4-induced Stat6 activities or Stat6 activational phenotypes vary among cancer cells. This study aimed at investigating possible mechanism(s) involved in the formation of varying Stat6 activities/phenotypes.', "Stat6 regulatory genes, SOCS-1 and SHP-1, were examined for mRNA expression using RT-PCR, and their promoter DNA methylation was assayed by methylation-specific PCR in Stat6-phenotyped colon cancer cell lines. DNA methylation was then verified by sequencing. RT-PCR assay and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of SOCS-1 and SHP-1 after demethylation using 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine.", "Compared with Stat6(null) Caco-2 cells, Stat6(high) HT-29 cells showed decreased constitutive expression of SOCS-1 and SHP-1, which correlated with DNA hypermethylation in these genes' promoters. Interestingly, demethylation in HT-29 cells recovered the constitutive expression of SOCS-1 and SHP-1.
Answer: These findings suggest that DNA methylation controls the constitutive expression of negative Stat6 regulatory genes, which may affect Stat6 activities.

Output: Does dNA methylation regulate constitutive expression of Stat6 regulatory genes SOCS-1 and SHP-1 in colon cancer cells?


Input: Consider Input: Context: To evaluate the immediate effects of indirect moxibustion, a traditional local thermal therapy, on renal hemodynamics by using Doppler ultrasonography (US).', 'Prospective observational study of postintervention changes in several variables.', 'Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan.', 'Eleven healthy persons (7 men and 4 women; mean age±standard deviation, 32.6±5.7 years) were enrolled.', 'Indirect moxibustion was applied for 4 minutes to bilateral lower back acupuncture points (BL23). Each participant received 3 successive treatments.', 'The main outcome measurement was resistive index (RI) in the renal segmental arteries. Blood flow variables, including RI, were measured for 6 renal segmental arteries by Doppler US at rest (baseline), immediately after completion of moxibustion (post 1), and 10 minutes later (post 2). Participants were monitored for adverse events during the intervention.', 'The mean RI was 0.578±0.037 at baseline, 0.546±0.027 at post 1, and 0.547±0.032 at post 2. RI decreased significantly between post 1 and baseline (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.053 to -0.011; p=0.003) and between post 2 and baseline (95% CI, -0.052 to -0.009; p=0.005). No adverse events, such as burns, were observed.
Answer: This study of the short-term effects of indirect moxibustion on renal hemodynamics in healthy persons showed that renal vascular resistance was reduced after the therapy.



assistant: Output: Does traditional thermal therapy with indirect moxibustion decrease renal arterial resistive index?