user: Problem: Given the question: I can use this background: Energy is passed up a food chain or web from lower to higher trophic levels. However, only about 10 percent of the energy at one level is passed up the next level. This is represented by the ecological pyramid in Figure below . The other 90 percent of energy at each trophic level is used for metabolic processes or given off to the environment as heat. This loss of energy explains why there are rarely more than four trophic levels in a food chain or web. There isn’t enough energy left to support additional levels. It also explains why ecosystems need a constant input of energy.  Now, I have a new situation: An island in the Pacific ocean has a strange an compact ecosystem. There are only 4 species of living organism on it. There are plants, Insects, birds, cats. Because of this there is a very specific food chain on this island. Any new species added to it has cause the population of all other species to decrease. This is because when a new species is added it causes the others to not have enough food as they all feed on each other. The insects eat the plants, the birds eat the insects and the cats eat the birds. When a species of wolf that eats the cats was added the plants began to die off because the wolves outlived the cats so the plants could not get the energy in time to regrow before the insects would eat them. Because of this the insects would die, then the birds then the cats. because the energy source for each species was being consumed faster than it could be produced.  Answer this question please: Will adding a new species to the island cause the available energy to increase or decrease?
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The answer is:
decrease


Problem: Given the question: I can use this background: The Gaia hypothesis states that the biosphere is its own living organism. The hypothesis suggests that the Earth is self-regulating and tends to achieve a stable state, known as homeostasis . For example the composition of our atmosphere stays fairly consistent, providing the ideal conditions for life. When carbon dioxide levels increase in the atmosphere, plants grow more quickly. As their growth continues, they remove more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. In this way, the amount of carbon dioxide stays fairly constant without human intervention.  Now, I have a new situation: Two friends had a discussion about the Earth and what this reality might be. Tim believed in  the Gaia hypothesis, while Olly  believed in the Panspermia theory.  Answer this question please: Which friend believed that the Earth tends to achieve homeostasis?
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The answer is:
Tim


Problem: Given the question: I can use this background: Fish mortality is a parameter used in fisheries population dynamics to account for the loss of fish in a fish stock through death. The mortality can be divided into two types:  Natural mortality: the removal of fish from the stock due to causes not associated with fishing. Such causes can include disease, competition, cannibalism, old age, predation, pollution or any other natural factor that causes the death of fish. In fisheries models natural mortality is denoted by (M).[1] Fishing mortality: the removal of fish from the stock due to fishing activities using any fishing gear.[1] It is denoted by (F) in fisheries models.  Now, I have a new situation: Two lakes had been stocked with fish two years before.Blue lake had an abundant fish stock because nobody fished there, but Green lake was open for fishing. Blue lake had some polution and disease problems.  Answer this question please: Which lake had a higher fishing mortality last year?
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The answer is:


assistant: Green lake