user: INPUT ARTICLE: Article: If studying people, research information in their past that may be relevant, possibly including medical history, family history, or history of an organization. A good background knowledge of the research topic and similar case studies could help guide your own research as well, especially if you are writing a critical interest case study. Any case study, but especially case studies with a retrospective component, will benefit from basic academic research strategies. In a case study involving human participants, ethics guidelines do not typically allow you to "spy" on the participants. You must practice obtrusive observation, where the participants are aware of your presence. Unlike a quantitative study, you may talk with the participants, make them feel comfortable, and include yourself in activities. Some researchers do attempt to maintain a distance, but be aware that your presence will affect the behavior of the participants regardless of the relationship you form with them.  Establishing trust with participants can result in less inhibited behavior. Observing people in their home, workplaces, or other "natural" environments may be more effective than bringing them to a laboratory or office. Having subjects fill out a questionnaire is a common example of obtrusive research. Subjects know they are being studied, so their behavior will change, but this is a quick and sometimes the only way to gain certain information. Extensive notes during observation will be vital when you are compiling your final report. In some case studies, it may be appropriate to ask the participant to record experiences in a diary. Depending on the total length of your case study, you might hold an interview weekly, once every month or two, or just once or twice a year. Begin with the interview questions you prepared in the planning phase, then iterate to dig deeper into the topic:   Describe experience — ask the participant what it's like to go through the experience you're studying, or be a part of the system you're studying.  Describe meaning — ask the participant what the experience means to them, or what "life lessons" they take from it. Ask what mental and emotional associations they have with the subject of your study, whether it's a medical condition, an event, or another topic.  Focus – in later interviews, prepare questions that fill gaps in your knowledge, or that are particularly relevant to the development of your research questions and theories over the course of the study. A case study may feel less data-driven than a medical trial or a scientific experiment, but attention to rigor and valid methodology remains vital. If you find yourself drawn to studying a participant on one extreme end of the spectrum, set aside time to observe a more "typical" participant as well. When reviewing your notes, question your chain of logic and discard possible conclusions that do not have detailed observation backing them up. Any sources you cite should be thoroughly checked for reliability. After reading and referring back to your original bullet points, you may find that the data reacts in a surprising manner. You need to pull your information together and focus it before writing case studies, especially if your research was performed in intervals across months or years. If you are working with more than one person you will want to assign sections for completion together to make sure your case study will flow. For example, one person may be in charge of making charts of the data you gathered, while other people will each write an analysis of one of your bullet points you are trying to answer. Based on the research questions you designed and the type of case study you conducted, this may be a descriptive report, an analytic argument grounded in a specific case, or a suggested direction for further research or projects. Include your most relevant observations and interviews in the case study itself, and consider attaching additional data (such as full interviews) as an appendix for readers to refer to. If writing a case study for a non-academic audience, consider using a narrative form, describing the events that occurred during your case study in chronological order. Minimize your use of jargon.

SUMMARY: Perform background research. Learn how to conduct obtrusive observation. Take notes. Conduct interviews. Stay rigorous. Collect all of your data and analyze it. Write your final case study report.


INPUT ARTICLE: Article: For this sample, 13.7 centimeter (5.4 in) and 10 centimeter (3.9 in) are the measurements forming the length of the shape (which is called an isosceles trapezoid.)  On the two sides that are smaller, (10cm), the bottom of the trapezoid is 2.5 centimeter (1.0 in). The larger pieces are basically trapezoids, but have tabs coming off them. The bottom of the trapezoid part of the pieces is 5 centimeter (2.0 in). When creating the tabs, one will need to be shorter than the other to go under the flash. If you didn't make the templates, cut out the shapes that are drawn on the cardboard.

SUMMARY: Sketch out the shapes. After creating the templates (if that is what you did first), use them to cut out the shapes.


INPUT ARTICLE: Article: If your friend or family member just got news about bad grades, you could help cheer him or her up by planning a spontaneous trip. If you are able to drive, select an interesting destination that you can visit and return from within a day. If you are not driving, be creative and come up with a cool place you can visit around your community. The spontaneity of taking an unexpected trip can help get the person’s mind off poor academics temporarily. This can also be a great way to shake up a boring routine and have a little fun. As the old saying goes, “laughter is the best medicine.” Make your friend crack up and roll over with giggles, if only for a brief moment. Laughter is a terrific way to cheer a friend up after getting a bad report card. Plus, studies demonstrate that it soothes tension and is good for your overall health. Browse YouTube for hilarious videos of animals or babies. Or, turn on your TV and watch a comedy. The point is to help your friend lighten the load for a bit and take some of the stress away. Has your friend or family member been locked up in his or her room sulking over bad grades? A quick and cost-free way to lift his or her mood and provide a distraction is to simply go outside. Aim for somewhere green and natural rather than a cityscape, if possible. Research shows that walking in a natural environment reduces the amount of cortisol, or stress hormone, in the body. Help your friend move his or her body and generate some endorphins with an old-school dance party. Put together a playlist of your favorite songs and show up on his or her doorstep ready to shake your groove thing! Dancing can improve mood and boost self-esteem in addition to providing an excellent workout. Dancing can also offer a method of release. Your friend may be able to express anger, frustration, and disappointment more easily by channeling these emotions into body movements.

SUMMARY:

assistant: Suggest a day trip. Watch a funny movie or videos. Go for a walk in nature. Have a dance party.