ostapeno/flanv2_100k huggingface dataset:
user: Definition: In this task, you're given a paragraph and title from the research paper. Your task is to classify whether the given title is suitable or not for the research paper based on the given paragraph. Return "True" if title is proper according to paragraph else "False".
Input: Paragraph: Mathematical models of infectious disease spread are important tools for assessing the threat of a novel pathogen and offer the best information for mitigating an outbreak. Here we present a metapopulation model of disease spread in Great Britain defined at the level of electoral wards. Using data from the United Kingdom 2001 census and the National Travel Survey to define the amount of travel performed by individuals between wards, we examine the effect of assumptions on the regularity of travel. Routine, daily commuter-type movements, characteristic of the working population are shown to lead to a slower epidemic spread compared to movements with random destinations. We demonstrate that routine movements slow down the epidemic spread compared to a standard metapopulation setting by up to 25%. We also show that spurious long distance movements present in the census data do not have a significant impact on the development of a potential epidemic in Great Britain. 
 Title: The role of routine versus random movements on the spread of disease in Great Britain
Output:

assistant: True
user: Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you need to provide the parts-of-speech tag of a word present in a sentence specified within curly braces  ( '{{ ... }}' ). The parts-of-speech tags are fine labels that represent a category of words with similar grammatical properties. The list of part-of-speech tags i.e tagset of this corpus is : '$': Dollar Sign, "''": Single Quotes, ',': Comma Symbol, '-LRB-': Left Parantheses, '-RRB-': Right Parantheses, '.': Period, ':': Colon, 'ADD': Email Address, 'AFX': Affix, 'CC': Coordinating conjunction, 'CD': Cardinal Number, 'DT': Determiner, 'EX': Existential there, 'FW': Foreign Word, 'GW': Go with, 'HYPH': Hyphen symbol, 'IN': Preposition or a subordinating conjunction, 'JJ': Adjective, 'JJR': A comparative Adjective, 'JJS': A Superlative Adjective, 'LS': List item Marker, 'MD': Modal, 'NFP': Superfluous punctuation, 'NN': Singular Noun, 'NNP': Singular Proper Noun, 'NNPS': Prural Proper Noun, 'NNS': Prural Noun, 'PDT': Pre-determiner, 'POS': Possessive Ending, 'PRP': Personal pronoun, 'PRP$': Possessive Pronoun, 'RB': Adverb, 'RBR': Comparative Adverb, 'RBS': Superlative Adverb, 'RP': Particle, 'SYM': Symbol, 'TO': To , 'UH': Interjection, 'VB': Base form Verb, 'VBD': Verb in Past tense, 'VBG': Verb in present participle, 'VBN': Verb in past participle, 'VBP': Verb in non-3rd person singular present, 'VBZ': Verb in 3rd person singular present, 'WDT': Wh-determiner, 'WP': Wh-pronoun, 'WP$' Possessive Wh-pronoun, 'WRB': Wh-adverb, 'XX': Unknown, '``': Double backticks.

Sentence: off season cruises might actually be better with preschoolers {{ as }} prices might be lower in the off season . 
Word: as


assistant: IN
user: You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you're given an article, a question which often contains a blank, four options (associated with "A", "B", "C", "D") and the answer to that question. Your task is to classify whether the given answer is correct or not by providing "Yes" or "No", based on the article.

Article: A new international study shows that six people die every minute from smoking. That is 3 million deaths around the world every year. If the present rate of smoking continues, the number of deaths each year from smoking could rise to 10 million by the year 2020.  The study describes smoking is the biggest cause of deadly diseases among grown-ups in industrial countries. So far most of the smoking deaths have happened to men, especially in developing countries.  A researcher at the World Health Organization says 70% of Chinese men smoke more than 15 cigarettes each day. In Latin America about 50% of the men are smokers. There also are a very large number of smokers in Russia and in Eastern Europe. And 25% of all smoking deaths worldwide are in those areas of the world. Scientists say smoking will kill 50% of the smokers.  Smoking is known to cause lung cancer. It also can lead to cancer of the mouth and other parts of bodies. Smokers are more likely than non-smokers to suffer from heart disease.  Experts say that people reduce their chance of dying from smoking if they stop smoking completely. They say smokers who give up smoking can improve their health. 
 Question: The main idea of this passage is that   _   . 
 Options: (A) smoking only does harm to grown-ups.. (B) smoking can kill smokers. (C) smoking does harm to health (D) men like smoking much more than women 
 Asnwer: C
Output:

assistant: Yes
user: Q: In this task, you will be presented with a passage, and you need to write an **implausible** answer to to fill in the place of "_". Your answer should be incorrect, but should not be out of context. Try using words that are related to the context of the passage, but are not the correct answer.  Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer.
Tampa, Florida (CNN) -- With Texas Gov. Rick Perry threatening to cement his standing atop the national polls, his rivals for the Republican presidential nomination aggressively sought to undermine his conservative credentials on Monday during the first-ever CNN/Tea Party debate in Florida. Perry repeatedly found himself in the crosshairs, as the field of candidates took turns attacking his positions on illegal immigration, Social Security, and his controversial 2007 push to vaccinate Texas schoolgirls against human papillomavirus, a common sexually transmitted disease that can lead to cervical cancer. Minnesota Rep. Michele Bachmann, whose standing among Republicans has slipped dramatically since Perry entered the race, said she was "offended" by Perry's executive order, which included an opt-out provision for parents who did not want the vaccine.NEW: Perry finds himself in the crosshairs as GOP candidates attack his positionsBachmann accuses Perry of helping a drug company through a vaccination orderRomney on Perry: Being dealt aces does not make a good poker playerPerry calls for Social Security reform but drops "Ponzi scheme" label 
 Question:_ also said that the executive order was a mistake and he should have worked with the legislature instead of issuing it.
A:

assistant: Tampa
user: In this task, you are given a premise, a hypothesis, and an update. The premise sentence describes a real-world situation and is always assumed to be true. The hypothesis sentence describes an assumption or inference that you might make about that situation having read the premise. The update provides additional information about the situation that might weaken or strengthen the hypothesis. A weakener is a statement that weakens the hypothesis, that is, it makes you much less likely to believe the hypothesis is true. A strengthener is a statement that strengthens the hypothesis, that is, it makes you much more likely to believe the hypothesis is true. Your task is to answer with 'strengthener' or 'weakener' if the update strengthens or weakens the hypothesis, respectively.

Premise: A large group of people with hands raised in the air.
Hypothesis: A group of people who are fans.
Update: A man in a black suit and white collar is preaching in front of a cross.


assistant: weakener
user: Given a sentence in the Central Khmer, provide an equivalent translation in Japanese that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.

វាគឺជាលើកទី១ហើយដែលហ្វលកឺបានធ្លាក់មកលីកទី២នៃបាលទាត់ស្កុតឡេនតាំងពីឆ្នាំ2005 មក។


assistant: ファルカークがスコティッシュ・サッカーで2部リーグとなるのは、2005年以来初めてとなる。
user: Instructions: You are given a sentence in Polish. Your job is to translate the Polish sentence into Japanese.
Input: Czy mogę sobie wyobrazić polityków idących na to?
Output:

assistant: 政治家がそうするのを想像できるかって ？
user: Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you need to reverse the order of words in the given sentence.

Sentence: an empty passenger train with windows says summer wind


assistant: wind summer says windows with train passenger empty an
user: Detailed Instructions: You will be given a context and a question in Spanish. Your job is to generate answers that are at least THREE words long.
 The answers need to be context specific and can not be general knowledge or a random guess.
Problem:CONTEXT: Galardones y reconocimientos 
Willis se ha hecho acreedor a una considerable variedad de reconocimientos y honores a lo largo de sus trayectorias en la televisión y el cine. Por su trabajo en la serie televisiva Luz de luna, obtuvo un Emmy («Mejor actor principal en una serie de drama») y un Globo de oro («Mejor actuación masculina en una serie de televisión: comedia o musical»), así como varias nominaciones adicionales en otras ceremonias. Resultó también nominado a otro Globo de oro como «Mejor actor secundario» por su participación en la película In Country.  Por otra parte, la revista Maxim catalogó a sus escenas de sexo en Color of Night (1994) como las mejores de su tipo en toda la historia del cine. Por su actuación en el thriller The Sixth Sense (1999) ganó un premio Blockbuster Entertainment («Actor favorito: suspense») y un galardón People's Choice («Actor favorito en un drama»); obtuvo nominaciones de igual forma en los premios Saturn en la categoría de «Mejor actor», así como dos más en la ceremonia de los premios MTV Movie como «Mejor actor» y «Mejor dúo en la pantalla grande». 
En 1998 recibe el Premio Razzie al peor actor por Armageddon y Mercury Rissing.
QUESTION: ¿Dónde llevó Willis a cabo las mejores escenas de sexo según la revista Maxim?
Solution:

assistant: en Color of Night
user: Teacher:You are given a statement written in Bengali. Choose the most logical word from the given 4 options which can be used to replace the <MASK> token in the statement . Output the word from the correct option .
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Statement: <MASK>র প্রায় সবগুলো প্রধান শহরে (ডারউইন এবং হোবার্ট ছাড়া) হয় নির্লবণীকরণ প্রকল্প তৈরি করা হচ্ছে অথবা ব্যবহার করা হচ্ছে ইতিমধ্যেই। ২০১১ সালের শেষের দিকে মেলবোর্নে অস্ট্রেলিয়ার সবচেয়ে বড় পানি নির্লবণীকরণ প্রকল্প চালু হয়েছে, এটাকে উনথাগি নির্লবণীকরণ প্রকল্প বলা হয়। এটি তৈরির উদ্দেশ্য ছিল নিম্ন স্তরের জলাধারগুলোকে উত্তোলন করা।

 Option A: চীন

 Option B: অস্ট্রেলিয়া

 Option C: উজবেকিস্তান

 Option D: ক্যালিফোর্নিয়া
Student:

assistant: অস্ট্রেলিয়া
user: You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
Given a sentence in the Japanese, provide an equivalent translation in Thai that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.

ナミビア政府は、ミルク価格に対する付加価値税(VAT)の廃止を拒否しました。
Output:

assistant: รัฐบาลนามิเบียนได้ปฏิเสธที่จะเอาค่าภาษี(VAT)ของราคานมออก
user: Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Given a sentence in the Japanese and Indonesian(Bahasa variant) language. Your task is check if the Bahasa Indonesia sentence is translation of Japanese. if the translation is correct than generate label "Yes", otherwise generate label "No".

Japanese: 現在オークランドは自分自身で何かを主催しようとしている。 
 Bahasa Indonesia: Sekarang Auckland sedang mencari tuan rumah dari salah satu dari mereka sendiri.


assistant: Yes
user: Q: In this task, you're given an article and an answer. Your task is to generate the question for the answer based on the given article.
Article: Get Your Degree at Home! Have you ever wondered what a degree might be worth to your job or career? It means a lot of Americans with an Associate Degree average nearly $ 10,000 more in their earnings than those with just a high school diploma. Harcourt Learning Direct offers you a way to get a Specialized Associate Degree in 11 of today's growing fields---without having to go to college full time .With Harcourt, you study at home, in your spare time---so you don't have to give up your present job while you train for a better one. Choose from exciting majors like Business management, Accounting, Dressmaking & Design, Bookkeeping, Photography, Computer Science, Engineering, and more! Your training includes everything you need! Books, lessons, learning aids--- even professional-quality tools and equipment---everything you need to master your training and move ahead to a new career is included in the low tuition price you pay. Your education is nationally recognized! Nearly 2,000 American companies---including General Electric, IBM, General Motors, Ford, and many others have used our training for their employees. If companies like these recognize the value of our training, you can be sure that employers in your area will, too!  Earn your degree in as little as two years! Get a career diploma in just six months! The career of your dreams is closer than you think! Even if you have no experience before, you can get valuable job skills in today's hottest fields! Step-by-step lessons make learning easy .Prepare for promotions, pay raises, even start a business of your own! Send today for FREE information about Harcourt at home training! Simply fill your name and address on the coupon ( ) above. Then, write in the name and number of the one program you're most interested in, and mail it today. We'll rush you free information about how you can take advantage of the opportunities in the field you've chosen. Act today!  Mail coupon today or call the number below: 1-800-372-1589 Call anytime, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. www.harcourt-learning.com. E-mail: Harcourt @ learning .com 
 Answer: High school graduates preparing for college entrance examination.
A:

assistant: What kind of people will probably answer this advertisement?
user: Teacher:In this task, you are given a sentence in the English language and your task is to convert it into the Swedish language. In translation, keep numbers as it is and make it sentence case (capitalize only the first word of each sentence and noun).
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: We shall do so.
Student:

assistant: (FR) Jag instämmer helt, och det kommer vi att göra.
user: Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the likely emotions of the participants in the sentence and those affected by it. Is any of these emotions caused by the sentence? You should write your answer in the form " A >Causes> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible. For the sentence describing the result, you must use the verb feel(s).
Problem:story: Ben went to the pet store to buy a parrot. He found one that he really liked. He bought the parrot and took it home. On the way home he talked to the bird. When he got home the parrot repeated what he had said.
 selected sentence: Ben went to the pet store to buy a parrot.
Solution:

assistant: Ben goes to the pet store >Causes> Ben feel(s) excited
user: Q: In this task, you are given an input list A. You need to extract and sort the unique digits used in the list in ascending order. Return -1 if there is no digit in the list.
['493', '441', '3', 'p', '23', 'x', 'n', '417', '299', 'v', 'l', '415']
A:

assistant: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9
user: You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you need to reverse all words of a given length in the sentence. The number of letters in a word determine its length. For example, the length of the word "apple" is 5.

Sentence: 'a train that is stationary at the station waiting for passengers'. Reverse all words of length '10' in the given sentence.
Output:

assistant: a train that is yranoitats at the station waiting for sregnessap
user: In this task, you need to count the number of vowels (letters 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u') / consonants (all letters other than vowels) in the given sentence.

Sentence: 'a very old, rusty red fire hydrant is on the boardwalk'. Count the number of vowels in the given sentence.


assistant: 14
user: In this task, you are given a pair of action statements. Your task is to check if you can conclusively identify which statement is less ethical or not. Answer: 'no' if one of the statements is less ethical, and 'yes' otherwise.

ACTION1: sleeping with my college friend's high school crush ACTION2: telling my best friend that I don't care if she's cold


assistant: no
user: Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a sentence in English. Your job is to translate the English sentence into Arabic.

And just a quick call-out to all the amazing archivists, historians, curators, who are sitting in museums, preserving all this culture.


assistant: فهي وسيلة سريعة للوصول إلى جميع المؤرشفين المذهلين ، المؤرخين ، أمناء المتاحف ، الموجودين في المتاحف للحفاظ على كل هذه الثقافة.
user: Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given the abstract of a research paper. Your task is to generate a summary of this abstract. Your summary should not be very short, but it's better if it's not more than 30 words.
Q: To improve how neural networks function it is crucial to understand their learning process. The information bottleneck theory of deep learning proposes that neural networks achieve good generalization by compressing their representations to disregard information that is not relevant to the task. However, empirical evidence for this theory is conflicting, as compression was only observed when networks used saturating activation functions. In contrast, networks with non-saturating activation functions achieved comparable levels of task performance but did not show compression. In this paper we developed more robust mutual information estimation techniques, that adapt to hidden activity of neural networks and produce more sensitive measurements of activations from all functions, especially unbounded functions. Using these adaptive estimation techniques, we explored compression in networks with a range of different activation functions. With two improved methods of estimation, firstly, we show that saturation of the activation function is not required for compression, and the amount of compression varies between different activation functions. We also find that there is a large amount of variation in compression between different network initializations. Secondary, we see that L2 regularization leads to significantly increased compression, while preventing overfitting. Finally, we show that only compression of the last layer is positively correlated with generalization.
A:

assistant: We developed robust mutual information estimates for DNNs and used them to observe compression in networks with non-saturating activation functions
user: In this task, you are given an abstract of article. Your task is to generate title for this article. Preferred titles are under thirty words.

Quercetin may have the opposite effect, namely anti- as well as pro-oxidant. The aim of this study was to assess the results of quercetin anti- and/or pro-oxidant activity in the bone marrow and spleen cells of rats. The experimental rats were treated daily, with quercetin in a dose of 8 or 80mg/kg b.w. by gavage for 40 days. The intracellular redox state in cells were assessed by measuring the ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) level and malonodialdehyde concentration. HO-1 mRNA expression was examined with real-time PCR. The extent of DNA damage was determined by the alkaline-labile comet assay. A potential pro-apoptotic quercetin action was determined using the FITC-Annexin V kit. The quercetin and isorhamnetin concentrations in serum were analyzed by HPLC-ECD. MDA concentration and FRAP values, were significantly decreased in the spleen and bone marrow cells of rats treated with quercetin, in a dose of 80mg/kg b.w. in comparison with the control rats; no significant changes were observed after quercetin was administered in a dose ten times as low. Treatment with quercetin dose-dependently upregulated the expression of HO-1 mRNA in the bone marrow cells. Quercetin administration to the rats did not induce either DNA damage or apoptosis in the examined cells. The results of our study prove that changes in the antioxidant state, caused by quercetin, do not lead to DNA damage or exert any pro-apoptotic activity in vivo.


assistant: The changes of antioxidant defense system caused by quercetin administration do not lead to DNA damage and apoptosis in the spleen and bone marrow cells of rats.
user: Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you're given a four sentences of story written in natural language. Your job is to complete end part of the story by predicting appropriate last sentence which is coherent with the given sentences.

Sentence1: Lia went to England. Sentence2: She took a bus tour. Sentence3: The tour stopped at Stonehenge. Sentence4: Lia got out of the bus to look.


assistant: Lia took many photos of Stonehenge.
user: Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen after that sentence. Is any of them directly caused by it, or is made possible by it? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible. Do not change the main selected sentence in your answer.
Q: story: Jane wanted to surprise her husband who was coming home from the army. She thought of what her husband would want. She bought him a new tv because she knew that he watched a lot of tv. John came home and was surprised at the new tv. However, John had bad news which was he had to go back in a month.
 selected sentence: John came home and was surprised at the new tv.
A:

assistant: John comes home >Causes/Enables> John is surprised at the new TV
user: Q: In this task, you are given a sentence and a profession. The sentence mentions two professions: one's gender is identifiable using the coreference link with gendered pronouns and the other's gender is unidentifiable. You are expected to return whether the given profession's gender is identifiable or unidentifiable.
Sentence: The physician told the nurse that she can go back home.
 Profession: physician
A:

assistant: Unidentifiable
user: Q: A text is given in Malayalam. Translate it from the Malayalam language to the Panjabi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
ਮੇਘਾਲਿਆ, ਤ੍ਰਿਪੁਰਾ ਅਤੇ ਮਿਜ਼ੋਰਮ ਪਹਿਲੀ ਵਾਰ ਭਾਰਤ ਦੇ ਰੇਲ ਨਕਸ਼ੇ ‘ਤੇ ਆਏ ਹਨ।
A:

assistant: ഇത് ആദ്യാമായി മേഘാലയ, തൃപുര, മിസോറാം എന്നീ സംസ്ഥാനങ്ങള്‍ ഇന്ത്യയുടെ റെയില്‍വെ മാപ്പില്‍ ഇടംപിടിച്ചു.
user: Definition: In this task you will be given a claim and a perspective. You should determine whether that perspective supports or undermines the claim. If the perspective could possibly convince someone with different view, it is supporting, otherwise it is undermining.
Input: claim: Human Cloning has to be banned.
 perspective: For those who can't conceive, cloning should be an option.
Output:

assistant: undermine
user: Detailed Instructions: You are given a sentence in Polish. Your job is to translate the Polish sentence into Portugese.
Q: Stracił poczucie własnej wartości.
A:

assistant: E talvez o mais trágico de tudo, ele perdeu a sua autoestima.
user: Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given a sentence in the English language. Your job is to translate the English sentence into the Romanian language.

NEW YORK -(Dow Jones)- Former star investment banker Frank Quattrone pleaded not guilty Tuesday to criminal charges of obstruction of justice and witness tampering.


assistant: NEW YORK - (Dow Jones) - Fostul bancher de investiții de mare succes Frank Quattrone a pledat nevinovat marți la acuzațiile penale de obstrucționare a justiției și influențare a martorilor.