user: [Q]: I read this background article the other day: Sometimes muscles and tendons get injured when a person starts doing an activity before they have warmed up properly. A warm up is a slow increase in the intensity of a physical activity that prepares muscles for an activity. Warming up increases the blood flow to the muscles and increases the heart rate. Warmed-up muscles and tendons are less likely to get injured. For example, before running or playing soccer, a person might jog slowly to warm muscles and increase their heart rate. Even elite athletes need to warm up ( Figure below ).  I am facing a new situation today: There was a soccer match between Red team and Blue team. Blue team got there early, warmed up properly and were ready for the game. Red team arrived late and almost skipped warming up entirely. Costly decision, as it turns out, because they lost.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which team had fewer people with tendon injury?
****
[A]: Blue
input: Please answer the following: I read this background article the other day: Energy is passed up a food chain or web from lower to higher trophic levels. However, only about 10 percent of the energy at one level is passed up the next level. This is represented by the ecological pyramid in Figure below . The other 90 percent of energy at each trophic level is used for metabolic processes or given off to the environment as heat. This loss of energy explains why there are rarely more than four trophic levels in a food chain or web. There isn’t enough energy left to support additional levels. It also explains why ecosystems need a constant input of energy.  I am facing a new situation today: An island in the Pacific ocean has a strange an compact ecosystem. There are only 4 species of living organism on it. There are plants, Insects, birds, cats. Because of this there is a very specific food chain on this island. Any new species added to it has cause the population of all other species to decrease. This is because when a new species is added it causes the others to not have enough food as they all feed on each other. The insects eat the plants, the birds eat the insects and the cats eat the birds. When a species of wolf that eats the cats was added the plants began to die off because the wolves outlived the cats so the plants could not get the energy in time to regrow before the insects would eat them. Because of this the insects would die, then the birds then the cats. because the energy source for each species was being consumed faster than it could be produced.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Will the insect population decreasing cause the available energy to the bird population to increase or decrease?
++++++++++
output: decrease
Please answer this: I read this background article the other day: Animals and some bacteria and fungi carry out lactic acid fermentation. Lactic acid is a waste product of this process. Our muscles perform lactic acid fermentation during strenuous exercise, since oxygen cannot be delivered to the muscles quickly enough. The buildup of lactic acid is believed to make your muscles sore after exercise. Bacteria that produce lactic acid are used to make cheese and yogurt. The lactic acid causes the proteins in milk to thicken. Lactic acid also causes tooth decay, because bacteria use the sugars in your mouth for energy.  I am facing a new situation today: Ben and Jack both loved microorganisms. Jack decided to study more about lactic fermentation, while Ben decided to study more about protozoa.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which person read less about cheese and yogurt?
++++++++
Answer: Ben
Problem: I read this background article the other day: Allergy symptoms can range from mild to severe. Mild symptoms might include itchy eyes, sneezing, and a runny nose. Severe symptoms can cause difficulty breathing, which may be life threatening. Keep in mind that it is the immune system and not the allergen that causes the allergy symptoms. Allergy symptoms can be treated with medications such as antihistamines. Severe allergic reactions may require an injection of the hormone epinephrine. These treatments lessen or counter the immune system’s response.  I am facing a new situation today: Two groups of students went on a field trip. Group Scouts visited a bee farm, while group Bears went to a salmon hatchery. Group Scouts had children experiencing mild allergic reactions, while one student had severe allergic reactions to a bee sting.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which group had fewer students experiencing a runny nose?

A: Bears
Problem: Given the question: I read this background article the other day: Although some lipids in the diet are essential, excess dietary lipids can be harmful. Because lipids are very high in energy, eating too many may lead to unhealthy weight gain. A high-fat diet may also increase lipid levels in the blood. This, in turn, can increase the risk for health problems such as cardiovascular disease. The dietary lipids of most concern are saturated fatty acids, trans fats, and cholesterol. For example, cholesterol is the lipid mainly responsible for narrowing arteries and causing the disease atherosclerosis.  I am facing a new situation today: Ben and Jerry were two friends with very different dietary habits. Jerry ate healthy food, and was always on top of his caloric consumption, while Ben overate because he loved fatty foods such as butter, bacon et al.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which friend was at a lower risk for cardiovascular disease?
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
The answer is:
Jerry
Problem: I read this background article the other day: Using longitudinal data from over 100 countries, Diener and his colleagues showed that rich countries are in general happier than poor countries (Diener, Tay, & Oishi, 2013).[17] Also, life satisfaction for most countries goes up as they become wealthier over time. Diener identified three factors that influence the relationship between income and SWB. Namely, rising income most likely results in higher SWB when it leads to greater optimism, financial satisfaction and household material prosperity among citizens. Furthermore, Diener and his colleagues investigated the relationship between income and different elements of SWB. They illustrated that income has stronger influence on people’s evaluation of their lives than the positive or negative emotions they experience over time (Diener, Kahneman, Tov, & Arora, 2010).[18] The study points to the necessity to evaluate different elements of SWB separately instead of treating happiness as a single entity.  I am facing a new situation today: Two neighboring countries implemented different sets of economic reforms. The reforms took over a decade to implement, but the effects were not similar at all. Redvania was more prosperous and it became much richer, while Blueland stagflated and the inhabitants were not pleased with the outcome.  Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which country experienced more stagflation after 10 years?

A:

assistant: Blueland