user: Use a light pencil line, and erase the lines when the drawing is done. This way you can sketch in lots of light trial lines until you find the right one without messing up your paper.  Alternatively, use a blue pencil which does not show up on scans and copies. Many artists use "col-erase" blue pencils. A model sheet has numerous sketches of a single animation character in various poses and expressions. It is used to standardize the character's appearance when multiple animators are working on a project. Looking at model sheets can help you understand how every figure has a particular construction set-up that serves as a base. Many model sheets are available on the Internet. Gray's Anatomy, for example, is a classic that can help you learn more about the construction of the human body. You can then apply this knowledge to your drawings of various poses.
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One-sentence summary -- Sketch trial lines very lightly. Study model sheets to see how characters are built. Use anatomy books as reference for human and animal subjects.


Before you tell your parents, it might be helpful to meet with your teacher to discuss where you have gone wrong with the material and if there is any way to improve your score. If there isn't, ask your teacher for advice on how to improve your performance in the future.  Simply approach your teacher after class, and say something like: “Hi, Ms. Guardiola, can I talk to you about my last exam?” Also, inquire about the possibility of doing extra credit to make up for your poor score. Having this feedback from your teacher will help you explain the situation to your parents and offer you possible ways to address the situation. Besides figuring out how to tell your parents about your score, you should figure out what you are going to do to address it. Speaking with your teacher is good preparation for this since they can help you identify what options you have and steer you on the right path for the future.  For instance, you can plan to earn a few points back through extra credit work and attend the after-school review sessions hosted by the English Club. To make a good plan, you should know what exactly went wrong. Was it simply that you didn’t understand a particular formula? Were you distracted by a personal issue or competing obligation? Did you not study as much as you should have? Take some time to reflect so that you can be sure your strategies will fix it. If you’re worried about how to tell your parents about your score, take time to practice first. You can confide in a stuffed animal or talk to yourself in front of the mirror. Either way, having some sense of what you will say and how you will say it ahead of time can be very helpful in the moment. For example, you might try out ways to broach the subject, such as: “Mom, I’ve been struggling a lot lately in Biology, and I failed the unit test we had last week,” or, “I got a D on my Trigonometry exam...I’ve already talked to Mr. Williams about it, and he recommended a tutor and agreed to let me do enough extra credit to bring up my score by one letter grade.”
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One-sentence summary -- Talk to your teacher. Take steps to address the issue before speaking to your parents. Practice what you will say.


You can build your own portfolio website or use a template. If you are applying for jobs that include website design, then you should design your own. If you want to highlight copy or print graphic design, you can choose a pre-designed, professional template. Behance Network, Coroflot Portfolios and Cargo Collective are often used by advertising professionals. Anytime you use a template or design a website, you have to make choices about how you want to appear. You should focus on a professional and original look that showcases your advertising work, instead of distracting the viewer from it.  Purchase your domain name. Your domain name can be your own name, or your name plus a reference to your work. Even if you are using a free blogging platform to create your portfolio, it is worth paying the 10 dollars a year to register it in your name. Book-based portfolios allow people to change the samples according to the job interview. If you have varied advertising skills, consider creating a specific portfolio for each type, such as copy, logo design, online advertising or television advertising.  You may want to include your 6 best samples on each of your portfolio sites, and then only add other samples that are specific to this type of portfolio. When you submit your portfolio, only submit the one that responds best to the job description. Include specifications, dimensions and details for each sample. Make sure to note the copyright of anything you post online. Consider watermarking images that might be especially tempting to steal, such as images of people, or images with little or no text across them.
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One-sentence summary -- Choose the best platform for your portfolio website. Brand yourself. Consider having more than one digital portfolio. Protect your work.


Scales are usually off-white, tan or brown but can also be other colors. Most of them have a smooth, flat covering but some may look cottony or fluffy.  The adults do not move. The young scales, called crawlers, have legs and will move very slowly, or are blown by the wind, to a spot on a plant that they like. Crawlers are often not the same color as the adults of the species. Cottony cushion scales, for example, are off-white but the crawlers are orange. After the crawlers get to their spot, they will attach to the leaf or stem and eventually lose their legs. When they attach to the plant, they pierce it with their mouths and suck the plant juices out. Scales can become a problem for gardeners all over the world. They survive the winters on plant leaves and stems only to reproduce again when the weather warms and make a meal out of any nearby garden plant. The first symptoms are yellow, falling leaves. Eventually twigs and entire limbs die and the tree bark cracks and oozes sap. Soft scales will do some damage but they rarely do enough damage to kill a plant. The most serious problem they cause is honeydew which is a clear, sticky secretion they leave behind as they feed.  Aphids, small, soft-bodied insects excrete honeydew as well. They are usually green or red, although they can be nearly any color, and are more mobile than scale insects. Sooty mold, a fungus, will often grow on the honeydew causing unsightly dark spots on the leaves and interfering with the plant’s ability to absorb sunlight.
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One-sentence summary --


assistant: Look for adult scales. Identify ‘crawlers’. Familiarize yourself with what scales do when they get on a plant. Spot signs of scale damage.