orkungedik/SAP-basis-dataset huggingface dataset:
## 2.1.3.1 Analyzing SAP Analytics Cloud models
In Analysis, you can use live data connections and import data connections to connect with SAP Analytics Cloud data sources.
Live Data connection means that you're directly connected to an SAP BW or SAP HANA system via your SAP Analytics Cloud. When using live connections, you can use all options that Analysis offers for these systems. Please note that the Tunnel connection type is currently not supported.
The following chapter specifies the options you can use when working with import data connections.
Import data connection means that you can import (copy) data and save it in SAP Analytics Cloud. Changes made to the data in the source system don't affect the imported data until and unless the data is imported again, either manually or as a scheduled job.
You can insert and analyze the following model types developed in the SAP Analytics Cloud in Analysis: analytic models and planning models . Please note that Analysis does currently only support the classic account model. Therefore, you can't use models of the new model type (model with measures).
You can open a cloud model using the Insert Data Source dialog in the Analysis ribbon. In the Select Data Source dialog, you can search for a model on the Search tab or you can select a model in the list on the Area tab.
After inserting a cloud model, you can analyze the data with Analysis. You can save Analysis workbooks containing SAP Analytics Cloud models as data sources locally.
Note that the following functions are not supported in Analysis:
- You cannot create exception aggregation on the fly (but you can use exception aggregation defined in the model).
- You cannot create dynamic calculations rank and rank olympic.
- You cannot add new lines for planning to the crosstab to enter planning data. For planning, you can change data in data cells of the crosstab or you can enter planning data in empty cells (unbooked data cells) of the crosstab.
The following restrictions apply for the SAP Analytics Cloud models:
- Analysis only supports the usage of the default currency (similar to cloud chart behavior). You cannot access non-converted currencies (similar to a cloud table).
- You cannot consume defined thresholds from the model definition. In Analysis, you can use conditional formatting and Table Design formatting.
- Analysis can't visualize SAP Analytics Cloud data locking. Therefore you can change the data in locked cells in Analysis, but you cannot recalculate and save the changed data. For more information about SAP Analytics Cloud data locking, see Configure Data Locking.
- Comments added to SAP Analytics Cloud models are not displayed in Analysis. For more information about SAP Analytics Cloud comments, see Adding Comments to a Data Cell.
- Analysis supports the default language of a model. If a model is translated into English, always the English language is used instead.
- Multiple languages for member descriptions are not supported.
## Related Information
Planning Data with SAP Analytics Cloud models [page 28]
## 2.1.4  To insert a SAP HANA data source
You can insert and analyze SAP HANA data sources in a workbook.
1. Select the cell in the worksheet where the crosstab with the data from the selected data source should be inserted.
2. Select Insert Data Source Select Data Source for Analysis . The Log on to SAP BusinessObjects BI platform dialog box appears.
3. Select Skip to log on to a SAP HANA system.
4. Please note: When you're trying to connect to an insecure connection, you'll get a warning before you can proceed. Please contact you system administrator if you need further information.
4. Select a HANA system in the list and press Next . When logging on to a HANA system, Local System is preselected for Show Connections .
5. Enter User and Password in the fields and press OK .
6. Select a data source in the Select Data Source box and press OK . For HANA systems, the Select Data Source dialog consists of the following tabs:
- Search
You can select if you want to search for the Description , Technical Name or All .
To retrieve data sources that begin with a specific string, you can type * after a partial string.
- Area
On both tabs, you can specify the objects to be displayed: All , Cube , Attribute View or Dimension View .
A new crosstab with the data of the selected data source is inserted into the worksheet. The SAP style set SAP Black&amp;White is used as default. Y ou can now analyze the data and change the displayed data set according to your needs. You can also add other components to your analysis.
##  Note
You can also activate Pause Refresh before inserting a data source. You can then insert a data source and define your analysis on the Analysis tab in the design panel (columns, rows and filter). The crosstab with the data source and the defined analysis will only be inserted after Pause Refresh is deactivated again.
## Related Information
Pausing Refresh [page 156]
## 2.1.4.1 Analyzing SAP HANA data sources
After configuring a connection to the SAP HANA applicance software, you can analyze the following information models developed with SAP HANA as data sources in Analysis: analytic views and calculation views (type CUBE). You can also analyze data sources from a SAP BW, powerd by SAP HANA.
## SAP HANA data sources
With SAP HANA data sources, you can use the following Analysis functions to analyze your data:
- Inserting a crosstab with SAP HANA data You can also insert more than one data source in a workbook.
- Saving/Opening a workbook to/from the business intelligence platform server
- Undo/Redo
- Defining style sets for crosstabs
- Swapping axes
- Analyzing data with the design panel
- Prompting
- Filtering members
- Sorting data by members and by measures
- Calculating new measures (Rank Number and Olympic Rank Number)
- Inserting charts
- Inserting filter components
- Converting crosstab cells to formula
- Creating Presentations
- Please note that Analysis, edition for SAP Analytics Cloud, does not include a PowerPoint version. Therefore, you don't have this option when using the SAP Analytics Cloud edition.
- Pause Refresh
These functions are described in the correponding chapters in this guide.
## SAP BW data sources
If you use SAP Business Warehouse, powered by SAP HANA, you can analyze BW queries, query views and InfoProvider with Analysis. You can use the BW data sources with Analysis like data sources of other BW systems.
## 2.1.4.2 Calculating new measures based on SAP HANA views
Using native SAP HANA data sources, you can use the following methods to calculate new measures:
- Adding a measure based on one available measure. You can use the operators Rank Number and Olympic Rank Number . This method is available as of SAP HANA 1.0 SP 12.
- Adding a measure based on free-form calculation.
- Adding a restricted measure.
## Exception Aggregation
As of version SAP HANA 2.0 SP1, you can define an exception aggregation for calculated measures based on free-form calculation.
1. Add a new measure based on free-form calculation to the crosstab.
2. Select the new calculated measure in the crosstab and choose Calculations Edit .
3. Select the Aggregation tab. The selected default aggregation is Use Standard Aggregation .
4. Select an aggregation from the list. The following aggregations are available: Summation, Maximum, Minimum, Counter for All Detailed Values, Distinct Counter for All Detailed Values, Average, Variance, Standard Deviation, First Value and Last Value.
5. Press OK to apply the changed aggregation for the calculated measure.
## Related Information
To add a new measure based on one available measure [page 194]
To add a new measure based on free-form calculation [page 195]
To add a restricted measure [page 197]
## 2.2 To insert a data source into a default workbook
You can define a workbook as the default workbook. The styles, formatting and the workbook settings that you defined in the default workbook are used when you open a data source. If you save the default workbook on a server, you can share it with other users.
If you do not define a default workbook, the data source is opened with the SAP standard settings.
## To open a data source with the default workbook
1. Open a data source in Analysis. Choose File Analysis Open Data Source
2. Log on to a platform and system.
3. Select a data source.
4. Press OK .
A new workbook with the data from the selected data source is created using the styles, formatting and workbook settings that you defined in the default workbook for the first inserted data source. All elements that you have defined for the first data source of your workbook are displayed with the data from the new selected data source. If the default workbook contains more than one data source, the elements from the other data sources are also displayed with the data from the corresponding data sources.
## To open a data source without a default workbook
If you do not define a default workbook in the user options, the data source is opened with the following Analysis default settings:
- The crosstab is inserted starting in cell A1 in the worksheet.
- The default style set is used for formatting. SAP style set SAP Black&amp;White is the initial default.
## Related Information
To define a default workbook [page 32]
## 2.2.1  To define a default workbook
## Procedure
1. Open a workbook and insert a data source.
2. Define the styles, formatting and workbook settings that you want to use for your default workbook. You can insert other elements like charts or formulas for the data source. You can also change the data
source alias.
##  Note
You can insert more than one data source into a default workbook. The elements and settings from the first data source that you insert, are used as a reference when you open a data source with the default workbook. The elements from the other data sources in the workbook are displayed unchanged when you open a new data source with the default workbook.
.
3. Save the workbook locally or on a server.
4. Choose Options on the Analysis file tab to open the User dialog.
5. Define the location of your default workbook. Select Browse to browse to your default workbook.
6. Press OK .
## Results
The selected workbook is defined as the default workbook.
## 2.3 To open a workbook
## Context
You can open a workbook that is stored on the business intelligence platform or on a SAP BW platform. This allows you to see the navigation state that was saved with the workbook. You also see the workbook properties that were saved with the workbook. These properties are part of the Component tab in the design panel.
You can navigate through the data and design different views on the data. You can also add new data sources or components.
## Procedure
1. Choose File Analysis Open Workbook .
##  Note
If all platforms are enabled in your Analysis installation, you will find several icons for opening a workbook, one for each platform.
2. Log on to the selected platform and BW system.
3. Select a workbook.
You can search for a workbook name or select a workbook in the platform folder structure.
You can refresh the displayed document list by choosing Refresh in the context menu or pressing F5 .
- On the business intelligence platform, the Open Document dialog consists of the following tabs:
- Search
You can select if you want to search for the Description , Technical Name or All . If you search a workbook on the BI platform, you may find two different object types: Analysis Workbook or Microsoft Excel Workbook.
- Folders
- Favorite Folders
- On the SAP BW platform, the Open Document dialog consists of the following tabs:
- Search
You can select if you want to search for the Description , Technical Name or All .
- My Documents
This tab shows the workbooks that you (the current user) have saved to the My Documents folder on the BW platform.
Note that this does not mean that only you can access the workbooks in that folder. Other users can find the workbooks using the search and open them as Analysis does not support private workbooks.
Your administrator can build namespaces to enable private workbooks. For more information, contact your system administrator.
- Role
- Environment
You can open EPM workbooks saved in the SAP Business Planning and Consolidation (BPC) repository.
You can access all environments with the respective EPM folder structure (private, public, teams). To change an EPM workbook or save it to the BPC repository, you have to use the EPM plug-in in Analysis.
4. Press OK .
The workbook is opened in Analysis.
5. Choose Refresh All to refresh the data sources.
##  Note
If the workbook property Refresh Workbook on Opening is selected on the Components tab in the design panel, the refresh is executed automatically. In this case, you do not need to refresh the data sources manually.
## Results
The selected workbook is opened in Analysis, and you can start your analysis.
## Related Information
Working with Analysis in Microsoft Excel [page 8] The Components tab [page 148]
## 2.4 To save a workbook
## Context
You can save a workbook on the business intelligence platform, on a SAP BW platform or as a local file.
If you save a workbook to the BI platform (as of version 4.1), the workbook is saved as an Analysis Workbook object. If you save a workbook to the BI platform 4.0 or former releases, the workbook is saved as Microsoft Excel object.
The workbook is saved with the current navigation state and selected properties. The workbook properties are part of the Component tab in the design panel.
If you want to save a workbook as a local file, you can use the Microsoft Excel functionality choosing File Save As .
##  Note
Microsoft Office documents contain free text fields. These text fields are not intended to store personal data without additional technical or organizational measures to safeguard data protection and privacy.
In order to ensure that analytical data which is personal data and which is retrieved from the servers with Analysis functionality, does not get stored in documents, the Analysis workbook property Remove Data Before Saving can be active in those workbooks.
You can activate the property Remove Data Before Saving on the Components tab in the design panel.
Administrators can set the file setting RemoveDataBeforeSaving to true to activate the workbook property Remove Data Before Saving in the design panel by default.
The following procedure shows how you can save a workbook on a platform.
## Procedure
1. Choose File Analysis Save Workbook .
##  Note
If all platforms are enabled in your Analysis installation, you will find several icons for saving a workbook, one for each platform.
2. Log on to the selected platform and BW system.
3. Select the location where you want to save the workbook.
4. Enter a name and technical name for the workbook.
5. Optional step: Select the checkbox Save as 1.x format .
You can save workbooks with the format of former Analysis releases. Then you can open the workbook in a 1.x release. Note that all changes made with functions that are only available as of Analysis 2.0 (for example, Table Design formatting), are deleted if you save workbook as 1.x format.
Note that after saving a workbook in 2.x format, it is no longer possible to save the same workbook to 1.x format. If you want to save a 2.x workbook as 1.x again, you can delete the 2.x version with the context menu in the Save Workbook dialog and then save the workbook in 1.x format.
This option can only be enabled with administration rights. For more information, contact your IT administrator.
## 6. Press Save .
The workbook is saved to the selected platform.
You can refresh the displayed document list by choosing Refresh in the context menu or pressing F5 .
## Results
The workbook is saved. You and other users with access to the server can open and analyze it.
## Related Information
Working with Analysis in Microsoft Excel [page 8] The Components tab [page 148]
## 2.5 To rename a workbook
## Context
You can rename a workbook on the business intelligence platform and on a SAP BW platform.
## Procedure
1. Choose File Analysis Open Workbook .
##  Note
If all platforms are enabled in your Analysis installation, you will find several icons for opening a workbook: one for each platform.
2. Log on to the selected platform and BW system.
3. Select the workbook that you want to rename.
4. Open the context menu and select Rename .
5. Enter a new name for the workbook.
The technical name of a workbook cannot be changed.
## Results
The workbook is renamed. You and other users with access to the server can open and analyze it again.
## 2.6 To delete a workbook
## Context
You can delete a workbook on the business intelligence platform and on a SAP BW platform.
## Procedure
1. Choose File Analysis Open Workbook .
##  Note
If all platforms are enabled in your Analysis installation, you will find several icons for opening a workbook, one for each platform.
2. Log on to the selected platform and BW system.
3. Select the workbook that you want to delete.
4. Open the context menu and select Delete .
## Results
The workbook is deleted.
## 2.7 To protect a workbook or worksheet
## Context
You can protect a workbook or a worksheet in Analysis. The concept of protection in Analysis allows you to perform Analysis OLAP navigation actions when a protection is defined.
You can protect either a workbook or a worksheet.
## Procedure
1. Choose File Analysis Protect Workbook .
2. You can protect the complete workbook or the current worksheet.
To protect the workbook, select Protect Workbook Protect Workbook .
To protect a worksheet, select Protect Workbook Protect Current Sheet .
The Workbook Protection or Worksheet Protection dialog appears.
3. Enter the password for the protection twice: in the Protection Password field and in the Confirm Password field.
4. Select the activities users are allowed to execute in spite of the protection.
If you select Insert Rows in the list, for example, all users are able to insert rows in the workbook or sheet. They don't need to unprotect the workbook or sheet.
5. Press OK .
The workbook or worksheet protection is created.
## Results
The workbook or worksheet is protected as specified.
To unprotect the workbook or worksheet again, enter the password.
If you use the standard Microsoft Excel functions to protect a worksheet or workbook, OLAP navigation will not be possible for these objects.
You cannot use the Analysis workbook protection and the MS Excel workbook protection for an object at the same time, for example a sheet in a workbook. But you can protect some sheets in a workbook with the Analysis workbook protection and other sheets in the same workbook with MS Excel workbook protection.
## 2.8 To launch Analysis from a BW system
## Context
You can launch Analysis from a BW system in the SAP GUI. Before launching, you can also select the data source that should be displayed in Analysis.
## Procedure
1. Log on to a BW system.
2. Open the Analysis Launcher.
Execute transaction RAAOE to open the Analysis Excel Launcher .
3. Select the Type you want to open with Analysis:
The following types can be selected:
- Client Only
If you select this option, Analysis is opened and the connection information (system, client, language, user and password) is transfered to Analysis. Therefore the connected user can open data sources and workbooks without logging on again.
- Document
If you select this option, you can select a workbook in the next step.
- Query
If you select this option, you can select a query in the next step.
- Query View
If you select this option, you can select a query view in the next step.
4. Select an object in the Document box.
You can use input help to select an object. Input help lists the objects available in the system depending on the object type selected.
5. Select the checkbox Force Refresh if the document should be refreshed in Analysis.
The document will be refreshed regardless of your selection for the two properties Refresh Workbook on Opening and Refresh Planning Objects on Refresh All on the Components tab. If you do not select the checkbox, your definition for the two properties will be applied.
6. Press Execute .
## Results
Analysis is opened, and the selected object is displayed. If you have selected type Client Only, no objects are displayed, but you can open a data source or workbook without logging on to the BW system again.
The BW system switches automatically back to the start menu.
## 2.9.1  Conversion log
The conversion log contains the conversion status for all objects in the BEx workbook. In the conversion options, you can specify whether a conversion log should be created during the conversion and whether it should be stored in a visible or hidden sheet in the workbook.
At the top of the conversion log, a message is displayed informing you whether conversion was successful. The ID of the BEx workbook and the selected conversion option are shown too. Possible selections are to convert all objects, data sources and crosstabs or data sources only.
The objects of the BEx workbook are then displayed with the conversion status in three lists: one for data providers, one for planning objects and one for items (all other objects on the workbook). The list contains the following columns:
- Status The status can be Converted , Not Converted or Ignored
.
- Type
The objects type is displayed. Examples are DATAPROVIDER, GRID or NAVIGATION\_PANE.
## · Text
The technical name of the object is displayed.
- Data Provider / Alias The alias of the data provider is displayed.
- Message A message is displayed if the conversion status is Not Converted or Ignored


##  Example
An object with status Ignored can have the following message: Item not converted due to current conversion settings .
- Sheet Range You can select the sheet range to go to the object in the workbook.
- .
## 3 Designing Workbooks
After inserting a crosstab with data, you have various options to design your workbook in Analysis.
You can apply one of the SAP style sets to the workbook and you can also define new style sets. To illustrate the data, you can insert charts, dynamic and waterfall charts. If different users use the workbook, it could be helpful to add info fields with information on the data source and filter status.
You can use conditional formatting to highlight important values or unexpected results in your data. With Table Design, you can edit single elements in a crosstab. For example, you can add a new line to the crosstab. The changes made using Table Design persist after navigation steps that force a rebuild of the crosstab, like a refresh.
With grouping crosstabs, you can combine several crosstabs in the workbook to one crosstab. If you link dimensions in a workbook, an action on a linked dimension affects the same dimension in other data sources in the same way.
Furthermore, you can use BW workspaces, convert crosstab cells to formula, create Web Applications and smart copy/paste data sources.
For more sophisticated workbook design, the Analysis plug-in contains a dedicated set of functions in Microsoft Excel to access data and meta data of connected BW systems. There are also several API functions available that you can use with the Visual Basic Editor, to filter data and set values for BW variables.
## Related Information
Analysis Design tab [page 13] Inserting other components [page 44] Defining Conditional Formatting [page 47] Editing crosstabs with Table Design [page 50] Defining style sets for crosstabs [page 56] Grouping crosstabs [page 61] Linking dimensions [page 62] Inserting data sources using BW Workspaces [page 63] Converting crosstab cells to formula [page 67] Creating Web Applications [page 69] Launching the Query Designer for editing a data source [page 70] To save a query view [page 73] Working with formulas [page 74] Working with macros [page 100]
## 3.1 Inserting other components
In addition to crosstabs, you can add the following components to your analysis:
- Charts for providing a graphical representation of the data in the crosstab. You can insert a dynamic chart (using the Microsoft Excel functionality) or a waterfall chart.
- Info fields for providing metadata information
- Filters or providing simplified filtering for end users
## 3.1.1  To insert a dynamic chart
## Procedure
1. Select a cell of the crosstab you want to visualize in a chart. By inserting a chart with Analysis, the data of the entire crosstab is visualized in the chart. If you want to visualize only a subset of the crosstab data, you can use Microsoft Excel functionality. If you change the data displayed in the crosstab, e.g. with a filter, the chart is adapted automatically.
2. Choose Chart Insert Chart in the ribbon. The chart is added to the analysis. You can position it in the worksheet using drag and drop.
3. Modify the chart.
To modify the chart, you can use Microsoft Excel options for charts. For example, you can change the chart type or define a data range for the chart.
4. You can move the chart to another worksheet in the workbook. On the Component tab in the design panel, select the chart you want to move, and open the Move to dialog. Select the sheet that should contain the chart and press OK .
## Results
The chart is added to the analysis according to your configuration. The chart is updated automatically when you change the displayed data in the crosstab.
## 3.1.2  To insert a waterfall chart
## Context
A waterfall chart is a specialized type of bar chart. Typically, it can be used to show how an initial value is affected by a series of intermediate positive or negative values. The start and end values are always displayed in a column as totals. The individual interim values are not displayed as subtotals, but as delta values.
In Analysis, the crosstab values of the first key figure are drawn into the waterfall chart cell by cell from top to bottom. Total rows in the crosstab are always ignored. The start and end column are displayed in gray color, negative delta values in red, and positive delta values in green.
You can also insert a waterfall chart for a query with hierarchies. The hierarchy nodes should be expanded upwards. Expanded nodes are displayed as columns and are also displayed in gray color.
To insert a meaningful waterfall chart, the crosstab view must meet specific requirements. You can define structures for a query in the BEx Query Designer to create queries that meet these requirements:
- Only one dimension should be in the view.
- The first data row should be the desired start column in the waterfall chart.
- The last data row should be the desired end column in the waterfall chart.
- The intermediate data rows should represent delta values showing the changes between the start and end column.
## Procedure
1. Select a cell of the crosstab that you want to visualize in a waterfall chart. For the waterfall chart, the data of the first key figure in the crosstab will be used.
2. To insert a vertical waterfall chart, choose Chart Insert Waterfall Chart from the ribbon.
To insert a horizontal waterfall chart, choose Chart Insert Pivoted Waterfall Chart .
The chart is added to the analysis. You can position it in the worksheet using drag and drop.
If you change the data of the first key figure displayed in the crosstab, e.g. by expanding a hierarchy node, the chart is adapted automatically.
##  Note
You should not modify the waterfall chart using Microsoft Excel options for charts.
3. You can move the chart to another worksheet in the workbook.
On the Component tab in the design panel, select the chart you want to move, and open the Move to dialog. Select the sheet that should contain the chart and press OK .
## Results
The chart is added to the analysis according to your configuration. The chart is updated automatically when you change the displayed data in the crosstab.
## 3.1.3  To insert an info field
## Context
You can insert information fields to provide additional information on data displayed in the workbook sheets.
## Procedure
1. Select an empty cell where you want to place the info field.
2. Select the info field you want to insert.
- Choose Info Field and one of the listed fields: Data Source Name, Last Data Update, Key Date, Effective Filters, Variables. If you want to insert other info fields, use the second option.
4. The info field is added to worksheet. If you use more than one data source in your analysis, you are prompted to select a data source.
5. For MultiProviders, two dates are inserted as Last Data Update. The date when all InfoProviders of the MultiProvider were updated successfully for the last time (LastDataUpdate) and the date when a single InfoProvider of the MultiProvider was updated for the last time (LastDataUpdateMaximum).
- You can also drag and drop the info fields from the Information tab in the design panel to a cell in the worksheet.
7. Select the data source on the top of the tab and drag and drop the information you want to insert as info field. For dynamic info fields (filters and variables), you have to use the first option.
## Results
The info fields are inserted with label and source information. The functions used for the formulas are SAPGetInfoLabel and SAPGetSourceInfo. The formulas are created automatically.
## 3.1.4  To insert a filter
## Context
You can insert a filter component to your analysis to simplify the filtering. This helps you to quickly change the view of the displayed data, for example to different periods of time.
## Procedure
1. Select an empty cell where you want to place the filter component.
2. Choose Filter and select one of the listed dimensions to insert a filter component for this dimension. The dimension name and a filter component formula are inserted in the worksheet. The functions used for the formulas are SAPGetDimensionInfo and SAPSetFilterComponent. The formulas are created automatically.
3. Optional Step: Specify the filter component formula.
The formula that is inserted automatically, allows the user to select multiple members for filtering. It looks like this: =SAPSetFilterComponent("DS\_2"; "0CALYEAR";"ALL").
You can add one of the following parameters to the formula: SINGLE, MULTIPLE, LOWERBOUNDARY, UPPERBOUNDARY, MEMBERSELECTOR, MEMBERSELECTORBYRANGE to specify the filtering options.
If you add the parameter SINGLE, the user can only select one member for filtering. The formula looks like this: =SAPSetFilterComponent("DS\_2"; "0CALYEAR";"ALL";"SINGLE").
You can also insert filter components to enable a range selection. Insert two filter components for the same dimension and add to one the parameter LOWERBOUNDARY and to the other the parameter UPPERBOUNDARY. You can now filter for the lower and upper bounds of a range.
If you add the parameter MEMBERSELECTOR or MEMBERSELECTORBYRANGE, the standard filter dialog with individual or range selection is used for the filter component.
4. Optional step: Format the filter component. You can use the formatting options of Microsoft Excel to format cells of the filter component.
5. Select the filter icon to define a filter.
All tables on the current sheet that contain this dimension, will be filtered according to the selected filter. On the Components tab in the design panel, you can define which tables should be affected if not all tables should be filtered accordingly.
## Results
The filter is added to the analysis according to your configuration.
## Related Information
SAPGetDimensionInfo [page 81] SAPSetFilterComponent [page 99]
## 3.2 Defining Conditional Formatting
You can use conditional formatting to highlight important values or unexpected results in your data.
With conditional formatting, you define rules to select different or critical values in a crosstab. Results that fall outside a set of predetermined threshold values are highlighted in color or designated with symbols. This enables you to identify immediately any results that deviate from the expected results. For example, you directly see answers to questions, such as which products have over 10% revenue increase this year or which regions have sales volume higher than a defined amount.
You can add one or more rules to a conditional format and prioritize the application of the rules in your crosstab. You can also define more than one conditional format in a worksheet and decide for each of them when it should be active by toggling it on and off. Existing conditional formats can be edited or deleted.
##  Note
The conditional formatting described in this guide is part of the Analysis plug-in. There is also a conditional formatting available in Microsoft Excel.
## Related Information
To define a conditional format [page 48] To edit conditional formats [page 49]
## 3.2.1  To define a conditional format
## Procedure
1. Choose Conditional Formatting New . The New Conditional Formatting dialog box appears.
2. In the Name field, enter a name for the new conditional format.
3. In the Based on list, select the measure you want to apply the conditional format to.
4. In the Format list, select the style you want to use for highlighting values.
The following styles are available:
- Background : the cells background is colored.
- Values : the text of the cells is colored.
- Status Symbol : a symbol is displayed in the cells.
- Trend Ascending : a colored arrow (green to red) is displayed in the cells.
- Trend Descending : a colored arrow (red to green) is displayed in the cells.
- Trend Grey : a grey arrow is displayed in the cells.
Every style consists of nine members. The numbers 1 to 9 represent the priority of the rule.
5. Define one or more rules on the Definition tab.
- a. Select the priority.
In the first list, select one of the nine priorities of the style selected above. If you define more than one rule in a conditional format, and the rules overlap for values in your crosstab, the priority determines which rule is applied to these cells. Y ou should therefore use a priority only for one rule in a conditional format. Priority one is the highest priority and priority 9 the lowest.
- b. Select an operator.
You can choose one of the following operators: Between, Outside, Greater Than, Greater Than Or Equal To, Less Than, Less Than Or Equal To and Equal To.
- c. Enter a threshold value or value range.
- d. Press Add .
The rule is added to the Rules area.
6. Optional step: Define the selection for the conditional format. On the Selection tab, you can define for each dimension if the conditional formatting should be applied to All Members and Totals or only to the Members or Totals . The default value is All Members and Totals.
7. Optional step: Define the visualization on the Display tab. Under Apply conditional formatting to: , you can define which parts of the crosstab are affected by conditional formatting: Data Cells, Row Headers and/or Column Headers. Under Apply Visualization to Another Measure: , you can specify that the conditional format defined for one measure (sales volume for example), is visualized in the data of another measure (sales order items for example). To use this function, select the Applied to check box.
8. Press OK to apply your rules to the crosstab.
## Results
You have created one or more conditional formats. They are saved with the workbook and are available to other users or in other sessions.
If you change the scaling factor for the measure, the rules are changed automatically to apply as before. Rules created with an Analysis version &lt; 2.5 will not change automatically, only after editing a rule once.
## 3.2.2  To edit conditional formats
## Context
Once you have defined conditional formats, you can open and change them, delete them or activate and deactivate them:
## Procedure
1. Choose Conditional Formatting [Name of Conditional Formatting] .
2. Select one of the following options:
- Select Edit if you want to change the current definitions of a conditional format. You can add new rules, change existing rules, , or delete existing ones.
4. To change existing rules, select the Change icon in the rule that you want to change, change the definition of the rule and select the Apply icon to change the rule.
To delete existing rules, select the Remove icon in the rule that you want to delete.
To apply the changed rule(s) to your data, press OK .
- Select Delete if you want to delete a conditional format.
- Select or deselect Active if you want to toggle the formatting on and off.
## 3.3 Editing crosstabs with Table Design
Table Design enables you to edit single elements in a crosstab. For example, you can add a new line to the crosstab. The changes made using Table Design persist after navigation steps that force a rebuild of the crosstab, like a refresh or swaping axes.
You can edit crosstabs with the following Table Design options:
- Applying formats to single cells, rows and columns
- Adding new lines (rows and columns)
- Adding texts in new member cells
- Adding formulas in new member and data cells You can also add formulas to input-enabled planning data cells.
You can manage existing Table Design modifications (rules) on the Design Rules tab in the design panel. You can also copy the rules from one data source to another in the design panel.
Using the Table Design API, you can create and apply Table Design rules with API methods.
You can also remove all Table Design rules manually by choosing Reset Data Source in the context menu. If Table Design rules are available for the data source, a pop-up will ask if you want to keep the rules. With Yes , the rules will be available after the reset. With No , the rules will be removed.
##  Note

There are some limitation when working with grouped crosstabs. For more information, see SAP Note 2631644 .
## Related Information
The Design Rules tab [page 154] Table Design API [page 123]
## 3.3.1  To apply formats
## Context
You can apply defined cell styles as format to single cells, rows and columns. You can use and select standard Microsoft Excel cell styles, SAP cell styles and user-defined cell styles.
You cannot apply Table Design formats if Pause Refresh is active.
## Procedure
1. Select a cell in the crosstab.
Multiple cells cannot be selected.
2. Select Format cells in the Format group in the ribbon.
3. In the Format dialog, select the cell range the new format should be applied to.
For a selected dimension header, you have the following options:
- Dimension Header
The format will be applied to the selected cell.
- Dimension Header and All Members The format will be applied to the selected cell and all members of the dimension.
- All Members
The format will be applied to all dimension members of the selected cell, but not to the selected dimension header cell.
For a selected dimension member, you have the following options:
- Dimension Member
The format will be applied to the selected cell. A dimension member in a crosstab can be a member of a dimension or a measure header.
- Member and all Dependants on axis
The format will be applied to the selected cell and all its members on the same axis.
- All Dependants on the Axis for this Member The format will be applied to all dimension members of the selected cell, but not to the selected dimension member cell.
For a selected data cell, you have the following option:
- Data Cell
The format will be applied to the selected cell.
4. Select the format that should be applied to the defined cells.
5. Select OK .
## Results
The format is applied to the selected cell range in the crosstab. If a cell is affected by more than one format, the last defined format is visible.
You can change an applied format by selecting the cell and Format cells &lt;defined format&gt; Change/ Delete .
The new format is also added as a rule of type Formats to the Design Rules tab in the design panel. In the design panel, you can activate and deactivate the new rule. You can also delete the rule.
## Related Information
The Design Rules tab [page 154]
## 3.3.2  To add new lines
## Context
You can insert new lines, rows and columns, into a crosstab. These new lines can be used as layout elements to visually separate report areas. The style information is taken from the triggered context. You can adapt column width, row height and formats for new lines.
New lines can be inserted to the following crosstab elements:
- next to the header section The header section comprises the dimension and measures at the left border of a crosstab before the data cell area. Y ou can insert a row below the header and a column beside the header.
- before and after every dimension
- before and after every dimension member If a dimension member appears several times in a crosstab, the new line is added to each occurrence.
- before and after the members of a dimension (dimension group)
- before and after a combination of members of different dimensions
- before and after every measure
- before and after a result line
The new line is connected to the selected element. If you add a new line after a dimension member and you change your analysis so that the member is no longer part of the crosstab, the new line will also no longer be visible. But it is not deleted. The new line will be displayed again if the dimension member is again in the crosstab.
If you connect a new line to all members of a dimension (dimension group), you can remove members from the dimension in the crosstab and the new line will still be in the crosstab as it is connected to the dimension group
New lines cannot be inserted next to a data cell.
## Procedure
1. Select a cell in the crosstab where you want to add a new line.
2. Select New Lines and the option where you want to locate the new line in the Format group in the ribbon.
## Results
The new line is inserted into the crosstab. The context menu for cells in new lines is restricted to table design functions.
To delete a new line, select the added line and New Lines Delete in the Format group.
The new line is also added as a rule of type New Lines to the Design Rules tab in the design panel. In the design panel, you can activate and deactivate the new rule. You can also delete the rule.
## Related Information
The Design Rules tab [page 154]
## 3.3.3  To add texts in new member cells
## Context
You can add texts to member cells of new inserted lines.
The display of the new text corresponds to the currently selected display in the crosstab. If the display Text is selected for the dimension, the new text will also be created with display Text . If you change the display in the crosstab to Key , no text will be displayed in the new line. Y ou can add again a new text that will then be created with display Key .
## Procedure
1. Select a member cell in the crosstab where you want to add a text.
2. Enter the text manually.
## Results
The text is added to the cell in the crosstab.
The inserted text is added as a rule of type Texts to the Design Rules tab in the design panel. In the design panel, you can activate and deactivate the new rule. You can also delete the rule.
If Analysis doesn't create a new design rule for the text, please see the SAP Knowledge Base Article Analysis for Office Table Design does not save entered text as Design Rule for more information.
## Related Information
The Design Rules tab [page 154]
## 3.3.4  To add formulas
## Context
You can add formulas to data and member cells of new inserted lines.
You can also add formulas to a data cell of an input-ready planning data source in change mode.
## Procedure
1. Select a cell in the crosstab where you want to add a formula
2. Enter a function.
Enter =SUM to create a sum, for example.
3. Select the cells that you want to use in the function
You can select single cells or a range of cells.
You can also select cells outside the crosstab or use Microsoft Excel reference functions like VLOOKUP .
If you select a range of cells, you can remove one or several members that are in the range. The formula will then use the data of the members that are still available in the crosstab.
If you select single cells and you change your analysis later so that one or several of the selected cells are no longer displayed in the crosstab, the formula will return NA.
4. Optional step: Copy the formula to adjacent cells by using Microsoft Excel Fill Handling .
Select the cell(s) that you want to use as a basis for filling additional cells, and then drag the fill handle across or down the cells that you want to fill.
The fill handling works with relative references.
For more information on Fill Handling, you can check the SAP Knowledge Base Article Using Fill Handle for Table Design formulas in Analysis .
5. Press Return .
## Results
The formula is calculated and added to the cell in the crosstab.
The formula is added as a rule of type Formulas to the Design Rules tab in the design panel. In the design panel, you can activate and deactivate the new rule. You can change the rule and delete it. You can edit the formula definition and the formula location. For example, if for a dimension text and key are displayed in two columns, you can change the location from text to key or vice versa.
Formulas added to planning data cells are not editable in the design panel.
If the formula does not return a valid value, please see the SAP Knowledge Base Article Table Design formulas returning NA, #VALUE! or #NAME? for more information.
If you detect performance issues related to your Table Design formulas, we recommend to read the SAP Knowledge Base Article Performance issues with Table Design formulas in Analysis .
## Related Information
The Design Rules tab [page 154]
## 3.3.5  Changing Table Design rules
All single actions you have done with Table Design as applying formats, adding new lines, text or formulas are creating Table Design rules. These rules are shown on the tab Design Rules in the Design Panel.
In the design panel, the rules are listed by rule type New Lines , Formats , Formulas and Text . Y ou can edit the single rules by selecting a rule and changing the details in the Properties section. Whereas the properties for formats and new lines are the same as in the corresponding dialogs for creating these rules, the properties for formulas offer more detailed options for redefining the formulas.
## Related Information
The Design Rules tab [page 154]
## 3.4 Defining style sets for crosstabs
A style set is a collection of Microsoft Excel cell styles that is applied by Analysis to format the cells of a crosstab. Whenever you insert a new crosstab in a workbook, the styles in the current default style set are used to format the crosstab cells. You can change the applied style set in your analysis. With Analysis, the following style sets and their cell styles are installed:
- SAP Blue (default)
- SAP Black&amp;White
- SAP Tradeshow Plus
- SAP Blue Crystal
By modifying the cell styles of these style sets, you can create your own style sets and share them with other users.
## 3.4.2  To apply a style set
## Context
You can apply one of the SAP style sets or any new defined style set to a workbook.
## Procedure
1. Choose Styles Apply Style Set... . The Apply Style Set dialog box appears.
2. In the list box, selet the style set you want to apply.
3. Select the Set as Default check box if the style set should be applied as default in your workbooks. The default style set is used when you open a new workbook and insert a data source.
4. Press OK .
## Description
## Results
The style set is applied to all crosstabs in your workbook.