{"pre_text": ["the company had net realized capital losses for 2015 of $ 184.1 million .", "in 2015 , the company recorded $ 102.2 million of other-than-temporary impairments on fixed maturity securities , $ 45.6 million of losses due to fair value re-measurements and $ 36.3 million of net realized capital losses from sales of fixed maturity and equity securities .", "in 2014 , net realized capital gains were $ 84.0 million due to $ 121.7 million of gains from fair value re-measurements on fixed maturity and equity securities and $ 1.9 million of net realized capital gains from sales of fixed maturity and equity securities , partially offset by $ 39.5 million of other-than- temporary impairments on fixed maturity securities .", "in 2013 , net realized capital gains were $ 300.2 million due to $ 258.9 million of gains due to fair value re-measurements on fixed maturity and equity securities and $ 42.4 million of net realized capital gains from sales of fixed maturity and equity securities , partially offset by $ 1.1 million of other-than-temporary impairments on fixed maturity securities .", "the company 2019s cash and invested assets totaled $ 17.7 billion at december 31 , 2015 , which consisted of 87.4% ( 87.4 % ) fixed maturities and cash , of which 91.4% ( 91.4 % ) were investment grade ; 8.2% ( 8.2 % ) equity securities and 4.4% ( 4.4 % ) other invested assets .", "the average maturity of fixed maturity securities was 4.1 years at december 31 , 2015 , and their overall duration was 3.0 years .", "as of december 31 , 2015 , the company did not have any direct investments in commercial real estate or direct commercial mortgages or any material holdings of derivative investments ( other than equity index put option contracts as discussed in item 8 , 201cfinancial statements and supplementary data 201d - note 4 of notes to consolidated financial statements ) or securities of issuers that are experiencing cash flow difficulty to an extent that the company 2019s management believes could threaten the issuer 2019s ability to meet debt service payments , except where other-than-temporary impairments have been recognized .", "the company 2019s investment portfolio includes structured commercial mortgage-backed securities ( 201ccmbs 201d ) with a book value of $ 264.9 million and a market value of $ 266.3 million .", "cmbs securities comprising more than 70% ( 70 % ) of the december 31 , 2015 market value are rated aaa by standard & poor 2019s financial services llc ( 201cstandard & poor 2019s 201d ) .", "furthermore , securities comprising more than 90% ( 90 % ) of the market value are rated investment grade by standard & poor 2019s .", "the following table reflects investment results for the company for the periods indicated: ."], "post_text": ["pre-tax pre-tax pre-tax pre-tax realized net unrealized net average investment effective capital ( losses ) capital gains ( dollars in millions ) investments ( 1 ) income ( 2 ) yield gains ( 3 ) ( losses ) 17430.8$ 473.8$ 2.72% ( 2.72 % ) ( 184.1 ) $ ( 194.0 ) $ 16831.9 530.6 3.15% ( 3.15 % ) 84.0 20.3 16472.5 548.5 3.33% ( 3.33 % ) 300.2 ( 467.2 ) 16220.9 600.2 3.70% ( 3.70 % ) 164.4 161.0 15680.9 620.0 3.95% ( 3.95 % ) 6.9 106.6 ( 1 ) average of the beginning and ending carrying values of investments and cash , less net funds held , future policy benefit reserve , and non-interest bearing cash .", "bonds , common stock and redeemable and non-redeemable preferred stocks are carried at market value .", "common stock which are actively managed are carried at fair value .", "( 2 ) after investment expenses , excluding realized net capital gains ( losses ) .", "( 3 ) included in 2015 , 2014 , 2013 , 2012 and 2011 are fair value re-measurements of ( $ 45.6 ) million , $ 121.7 million , $ 258.9 million , $ 118.1 million and ( $ 4.4 ) million , respectively. ."], "table": [["( dollars in millions )", "december 31 , average investments ( 1 )", "december 31 , pre-tax investment income ( 2 )", "december 31 , pre-tax effective yield", "december 31 , pre-tax realized net capital ( losses ) gains ( 3 )", "december 31 , pre-tax unrealized net capital gains ( losses )"], ["2015", "$ 17430.8", "$ 473.8", "2.72% ( 2.72 % )", "$ -184.1 ( 184.1 )", "$ -194.0 ( 194.0 )"], ["2014", "16831.9", "530.6", "3.15% ( 3.15 % )", "84.0", "20.3"], ["2013", "16472.5", "548.5", "3.33% ( 3.33 % )", "300.2", "-467.2 ( 467.2 )"], ["2012", "16220.9", "600.2", "3.70% ( 3.70 % )", "164.4", "161.0"], ["2011", "15680.9", "620.0", "3.95% ( 3.95 % )", "6.9", "106.6"]], "table_ori": [["", "December 31,"], ["(Dollars in millions)", "Average Investments<sup>(1)</sup>", "Pre-tax Investment Income<sup>(2)</sup>", "Pre-tax Effective Yield", "Pre-tax Realized Net Capital (Losses) Gains (3)", "Pre-tax Unrealized Net Capital Gains (Losses)"], ["2015", "$17,430.8", "$473.8", "2.72%", "$(184.1)", "$(194.0)"], ["2014", "16,831.9", "530.6", "3.15%", "84.0", "20.3"], ["2013", "16,472.5", "548.5", "3.33%", "300.2", "(467.2)"], ["2012", "16,220.9", "600.2", "3.70%", "164.4", "161.0"], ["2011", "15,680.9", "620.0", "3.95%", "6.9", "106.6"]]}

Question: at december 31 , what was the percentage change in investment income from 2011 to 2012
Evidence:
table_4: ( dollars in millions ) the 2012 of december 31 , average investments ( 1 ) is 16220.9 ; the 2012 of december 31 , pre-tax investment income ( 2 ) is 600.2 ; the 2012 of december 31 , pre-tax effective yield is 3.70% ( 3.70 % ) ; the 2012 of december 31 , pre-tax realized net capital ( losses ) gains ( 3 ) is 164.4 ; the 2012 of december 31 , pre-tax unrealized net capital gains ( losses ) is 161.0 ;
table_5: ( dollars in millions ) the 2011 of december 31 , average investments ( 1 ) is 15680.9 ; the 2011 of december 31 , pre-tax investment income ( 2 ) is 620.0 ; the 2011 of december 31 , pre-tax effective yield is 3.95% ( 3.95 % ) ; the 2011 of december 31 , pre-tax realized net capital ( losses ) gains ( 3 ) is 6.9 ; the 2011 of december 31 , pre-tax unrealized net capital gains ( losses ) is 106.6 ;
Program: subtract(600.2, 620.0), divide(#0, 620.0)
Answer:
str_answer: -3.2%
exe_answer: -0.03194