{"pre_text": ["mill in the fourth quarter of 2008 .", "this compares with 635000 tons of total downtime in 2008 of which 305000 tons were lack-of-order downtime .", "printing papers in millions 2009 2008 2007 ."], "post_text": ["north american printing papers net sales in 2009 were $ 2.8 billion compared with $ 3.4 billion in 2008 and $ 3.5 billion in 2007 .", "operating earnings in 2009 were $ 746 million ( $ 307 million excluding alter- native fuel mixture credits and plant closure costs ) compared with $ 405 million ( $ 435 million excluding shutdown costs for a paper machine ) in 2008 and $ 415 million in 2007 .", "sales volumes decreased sig- nificantly in 2009 compared with 2008 reflecting weak customer demand and reduced production capacity resulting from the shutdown of a paper machine at the franklin mill in december 2008 and the conversion of the bastrop mill to pulp production in june 2008 .", "average sales price realizations were lower reflecting slight declines for uncoated freesheet paper in domestic markets and significant declines in export markets .", "margins were also unfavorably affected by a higher proportion of shipments to lower-margin export markets .", "input costs , however , were favorable due to lower wood and chemical costs and sig- nificantly lower energy costs .", "freight costs were also lower .", "planned maintenance downtime costs in 2009 were comparable with 2008 .", "operating costs were favorable , reflecting cost control efforts and strong machine performance .", "lack-of-order downtime increased to 525000 tons in 2009 , including 120000 tons related to the shutdown of a paper machine at our franklin mill in the 2008 fourth quarter , from 135000 tons in 2008 .", "operating earnings in 2009 included $ 671 million of alternative fuel mixture cred- its , $ 223 million of costs associated with the shutdown of our franklin mill and $ 9 million of other shutdown costs , while operating earnings in 2008 included $ 30 million of costs for the shutdown of a paper machine at our franklin mill .", "looking ahead to 2010 , first-quarter sales volumes are expected to increase slightly from fourth-quarter 2009 levels .", "average sales price realizations should be higher , reflecting the full-quarter impact of sales price increases announced in the fourth quarter for converting and envelope grades of uncoated free- sheet paper and an increase in prices to export markets .", "however , input costs for wood , energy and chemicals are expected to continue to increase .", "planned maintenance downtime costs should be lower and operating costs should be favorable .", "brazil ian papers net sales for 2009 of $ 960 mil- lion increased from $ 950 million in 2008 and $ 850 million in 2007 .", "operating profits for 2009 were $ 112 million compared with $ 186 million in 2008 and $ 174 million in 2007 .", "sales volumes increased in 2009 compared with 2008 for both paper and pulp reflect- ing higher export shipments .", "average sales price realizations were lower due to strong competitive pressures in the brazilian domestic market in the second half of the year , lower export prices and unfavorable foreign exchange rates .", "margins were unfavorably affected by a higher proportion of lower margin export sales .", "input costs for wood and chem- icals were favorable , but these benefits were partially offset by higher energy costs .", "planned maintenance downtime costs were lower , and operating costs were also favorable .", "earnings in 2009 were adversely impacted by unfavorable foreign exchange effects .", "entering 2010 , sales volumes are expected to be seasonally lower compared with the fourth quarter of 2009 .", "profit margins are expected to be slightly higher reflecting a more favorable geographic sales mix and improving sales price realizations in export markets , partially offset by higher planned main- tenance outage costs .", "european papers net sales in 2009 were $ 1.3 bil- lion compared with $ 1.7 billion in 2008 and $ 1.5 bil- lion in 2007 .", "operating profits in 2009 of $ 92 million ( $ 115 million excluding expenses associated with the closure of the inverurie mill ) compared with $ 39 mil- lion ( $ 146 million excluding a charge to reduce the carrying value of the fixed assets at the inverurie , scotland mill to their estimated realizable value ) in 2008 and $ 171 million in 2007 .", "sales volumes in 2009 were lower than in 2008 primarily due to reduced sales of uncoated freesheet paper following the closure of the inverurie mill in 2009 .", "average sales price realizations decreased significantly in 2009 across most of western europe , but margins increased in poland and russia reflecting the effect of local currency devaluations .", "input costs were favorable as lower wood costs , particularly in russia , were only partially offset by higher energy costs in poland and higher chemical costs .", "planned main- tenance downtime costs were higher in 2009 than in 2008 , while manufacturing operating costs were lower .", "operating profits in 2009 also reflect favorable foreign exchange impacts .", "looking ahead to 2010 , sales volumes are expected to decline from strong 2009 fourth-quarter levels despite solid customer demand .", "average sales price realizations are expected to increase over the quar- ter , primarily in eastern europe , as price increases ."], "table": [["in millions", "2009", "2008", "2007"], ["sales", "$ 5680", "$ 6810", "$ 6530"], ["operating profit", "1091", "474", "839"]], "table_ori": [["<i>In millions</i>", "2009", "2008", "2007"], ["Sales", "$5,680", "$6,810", "$6,530"], ["Operating Profit", "1,091", "474", "839"]]}

Question: what is the variation observed in the value of operating expenses and other costs concerning the activities during 2008 and 2009?
Evidence:
table_1: in millions the sales of 2009 is $ 5680 ; the sales of 2008 is $ 6810 ; the sales of 2007 is $ 6530 ;
table_2: in millions the operating profit of 2009 is 1091 ; the operating profit of 2008 is 474 ; the operating profit of 2007 is 839 ;
Program: subtract(6810, 474), subtract(5680, 1091), subtract(#0, #1)
Answer:
str_answer: 1747
exe_answer: 1747