Lok Sabha Question No. 1305 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-12-08
Subject: Central Skill-Development Institutions
Ministry: SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Asked by: Shri Robert Bruce C

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1305

ANSWERED ON 08.12.2025

## CENTRAL SKILL-DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONS

## 1305.  SHRI ROBERT BRUCE C:

Will the Minister of SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the Government  has  reviewed  the  functioning of Central skill  development institutions such as Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs), Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS), and National Skill  Training  Institutes  (NSTIs)  operating  or  serving  in  the  State  of  Tamil  Nadu,  particularly  in Tirunelveli district;
- (b) the number of candidates trained, certified, and placed from these institutions under Central schemes like Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) and National Apprenticeship Promotion (NAP) in Tirunelveli during the last three financial years and the current year;
- (c) whether the Government has taken note of challenges related to trainer availability, equipment modernisation or industry tie-ups affecting the effectiveness under these Central skill programmes in southern Tamil Nadu; and
- (d) if so, the details of the steps taken/being taken by the Government to strengthen infrastructure, increase  industry  linkages,  and  improve  placement  outcomes  under  Central  skill  development programmes initiatives in Tirunelveli district?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) IN THE MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

## (SHRI JAYANT CHAUDHARY)

- (a) Under the Government of India's Skill India Mission (SIM) , the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) delivers skill, re-skill and up-skill training through an extensive network of  skill  development  centres under  various  schemes,  viz.  Pradhan  Mantri  Kaushal  Vikas  Yojana (PMKVY),  Jan  Shikshan  Sansthan  (JSS)  scheme,  National  Apprenticeship  Promotion  Scheme (NAPS) and Craftsman Training Scheme (CTS) through Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs), to all the sections of the society across the country. The SIM aims at enabling the youth of India to get futureready, equipped with industry-relevant skills.

The impact and effectiveness of schemes for skill development are reviewed through their third-party independent  evaluation.  The  evaluation  of  schemes  of  MSDE  has  acknowledged  their  positive outcome and mentioned about  their  success  in  terms  of  placement  or  livelihood  improvement  of candidates trained, as indicated below:

PMKVY: MSDE's flagship scheme PMKVY was evaluated by NITI Aayog in October 2020 and as per the study, about 94 percent of the employers surveyed reported they would hire more candidates trained under PMKVY. Further, 52 percent of the candidates who were placed in full time/part time employment and oriented under the RPL component received higher salary or felt that they will get higher salary compared to their un-certified peers.

- JSS: Evaluation  study  of  JSS  scheme  conducted  in  2020  found  that  the  training  nearly  doubled household  incomes  for  beneficiaries, with  strong  participation  from  women  (79%)  and  rural communities (50.5%). The study reported significant livelihood improvements, including better employment for 73.4% of trainees, higher incomes for 89.1%, and effective beneficiary mobilization at 85.7%. It also noted that 77% of trainees shifted to new occupations, reflecting the scheme's strong focus on self-employment in line with the Aatmanirbhar Bharat initiative.

ITIs: The final report of Tracer Study of ITI Graduates published in 2018 by MSDE mentions that 63.5% of total ITI pass-outs got employed (wage+self, out of which 6.7% are self-employed).

NAPS: Third-party evaluation study of NAPS conducted in 2021 observed that the scheme improved youth employability by providing structured on-the-job training and increasing apprentices participation across industries. In the new version of the scheme, DBT method has been adopted to transfer government's share directly to apprentices' bank accounts, as streamlined reimbursement process was recommended in the report.

(b) Under  the  Pradhan  Mantri  Kaushal  Vikas  Yojana  (PMKVY)  and  National  Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS), the details of training update in Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu for the last three financial years and current year is as follows:

| PMKVY              | PMKVY                | NAPS                | NAPS                  |
|--------------------|----------------------|---------------------|-----------------------|
| Candidates trained | Candidates certified | Apprentices engaged | Apprentices certified |
| 3293               | 2517                 | 2915                | 799                   |

(c) & (d) :          The  Government has taken following steps in respect  of the challenges being faced relating  to  availability  of  trainer,  equipment  modernisation,  and  industry  tie-ups  affecting  the effectiveness of Central skill programmes in India including Tamil Nadu.

- i. The  Government  is  actively  working  to  expand  training  opportunities  across  the  country  by encouraging  more  training  infrastructure,  especially  in  underserved  areas  and  launching initiatives like Skill Hubs to integrate skilling with school and college ecosystems.
- ii. Training centres are evaluated for adequate and modern equipment as part of the accreditation and affiliation process.
- iii. The National Council for Vocational Education and Training (NCVET) has been set up as an overarching regulator establishing regulations and standards to ensure quality in the vocational education and training space.
- iv. The Awarding Bodies recognised by NCVET are expected to develop the qualifications as per the  industry  demand  and  map  them  with  the  identified  occupations  as  per  the  National Classification of Occupation 2015 of Ministry of Labour and Employment and obtain industry validations.
- v. MSDE has established the Common Cost Norms for the skill development programs/schemes being implemented by Government of India. There are about 20 other ministries/departments implementing the skill development schemes.
- vi. The training programmes offered under the schemes of MSDE are developed in collaboration with  industries,  keeping  in  view  market  demands.  36  Sector  Skill  Councils  (SSCs),  led  by industry  leaders  in  the  respective  sectors,  have  been  set  up  by  National  Skill  Development Corporation (NSDC) which are mandated to identify the skill development needs of respective sectors as well as to determine skill competency standards.
- vii. Directorate General of Training (DGT) is implementing Flexi MoU Scheme and Dual System of Training  (DST).  These  initiatives  are  meant  to  provide  training  to  ITI  students  in  industrial environment.
- viii. Under NAPS, apprenticeship training and increasing engagement with industrial establishments for undertaking apprenticeship programmes is promoted.
- ix. Government  of  India  has  signed  MoU  with  7  countries  (i.e.,  Australia,  Denmark,  Germany, Japan, Qatar, Singapore, and UAE) in Vocational Education and Training / Skill development for the international mobility of the skilled manpower.
- x. DGT  has  also  signed  MoU  with  IT  Tech  companies  like  IBM,  CISCO,  Future  Skill  Rights Network,  Amazon  Web  Services  (AWS),  Microsoft,  Autodesk  and  Meta  to  ensure  industry linkages for the institutes at the state & regional levels and to ensure anytime, anywhere learning in new-age courses.
- xi. NSDC, under the Market led program, provides support to training providers that collaborate and align skill courses with industry demand.
- xii. Future ready job-roles addressing the requirement of Industry 4.0, emerging sectors like Drone, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Robotics, Mechatronics, etc., have been prioritized under PMKVY 4.0. Under CTS also, new age courses have been developed to meet the demand of futuristic job roles in emerging technologies.
- xiii. Skill India Digital Hub (SIDH) Portal has been established as a Digital Public Infrastructure for skilling, employment, and entrepreneurship ecosystems.

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