Lok Sabha Question No. 1007 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-12-05
Subject: Disposal and Pendency of Cases in Tribunals
Ministry: LAW AND JUSTICE
Asked by: Thiru Arun Nehru

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL AFFAIRS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1007 TO BE ANSWERED ON FRIDAY, THE 5 th  DECEMBER,2025

## DISPOSAL AND PENDENCY OF CASES IN TRIBUNALS

## 1007. Thiru Arun Nehru:

Will the Minister of LAW AND JUSTICE be pleased to state:

- (a) the total number of cases disposed of, cases pending, and average time for disposal in each major tribunal, including NCLT, NCLAT, DRT, Debt Recovery Appellate Tribunal and NGT, since 2020, year-wise;
- (b) the details of steps taken to address high pendency and regional disparities in case disposal rates across tribunals; and
- (c)  the  targets  set  for  periodic  reduction  in  pending  cases  and  the  monitoring  mechanism adopted to ensure performance improvement and timely resolution?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE; AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS

## (SHRI ARJUN RAM MEGHWAL)

- (a): Year-wise details of total number of cases disposed of and pending in major tribunal like  NCLT,  NCLAT,  DRT,  Debt  Recovery  Appellate  Tribunal  and  NGT  since  2020  is  at Annexure. In view of the nature and kind of cases, their complexity, stage-wise procedures involved, repeated re-hearings and other operational variables involved for final adjudication of cases being handled by each of the Tribunal such a computation cause significant variation in the overall time frame.
- (b) & (c): Government has been making all out efforts to facilitate expeditious disposal of pending cases in Tribunals and is taking all necessary steps as per the Acts under which the Tribunals function and provide for indicating timeline within which appeal should preferably dispose of.  Various measures are also undertaken by the Tribunals for speedy disposal of pending cases which include; Filling up of vacancies of Members on regular basis as soon as posts are vacant on retirement, resignation and completion of terms of tenure, Using technology through hybrid hearing, regular colloquiums for capacity building of members, provisions of

infrastructure, etc., Prioritize cases viz. appeals of Senior Citizens, scrutinize and identify cases covered by decisions of High Courts, Supreme Court, for posting and out of turn hearing, Disposal of cases using Schemes such as Vivad Se Vishwas and Below tax effect appeals, Setting up of Single Bench for expeditious adjudication of cases, Holding Circuit Benches in different States to address the issue of regional disparity, Appeals arising out of same impugned orders or involving the same issues are identified and listed for final disposal at one stroke, Members are sent to other benches on regular basis wherever there is vacancy to dispose cases pending  there,  Mandatory  e-filling  of  application  in  most  of  the  Tribunals  and  Appellate Tribunals, Hybrid hearing system adopted by most of the Tribunals, and Regular training of Presiding Officers, Members and other officers dealing the matters in respective Tribunals.

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## Annexure

## Statement referred to in reply to Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 1007 for answer on 05.12.2025 regarding 'Disposal and Pendency of Cases in Tribunals' .

| Sl. No.   | Name of Tribunal                                                                                  | 2020     | 2020    | 2020     | 2021    | 2021     | 2022    | 2022     | 2023    | 2023     | 2024    | 2025     | 2025    |
|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------|---------|----------|---------|----------|---------|----------|---------|----------|---------|----------|---------|
| Sl. No.   | Name of Tribunal                                                                                  | Disposal | Pending | Disposal | Pending | Disposal | Pending | Disposal | Pending | Disposal | Pending | Disposal | Pending |
| 1         | National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT)                                                              | 9678     | 20654   | 8619     | 21312   | 8988     | 21424   | 9818     | 19793   | 14150    | 14961   | 4723     | 14680   |
| 1         | National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT)                                                   | 1036     | 372     | 1013     | 696     | 2279     | 144     | 2385     | 180     | 2487     | 894     | 2243     | 410     |
| 2         | National Green Tribunal                                                                           | 2610     | 2656    | 2600     | 2390    | 3497     | 2001    | 2882     | 2818    | 3294     | 4219    | 3149     | 5301    |
| 3         | Debts Recovery Tribunal                                                                           | 11840    | 151943  | 19435    | 181498  | 42185    | 205558  | 52541    | 218060  | 45378    | 233901  | 33161    | 245048  |
| 4         | Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunal                                                                 | 714      | 1515    | 661      | 1705    | 1538     | 2460    | 1661     | 3684    | 1204     | 5193    | 372      | 6534    |
| 5         | Income-Tax Appellate Tribunal                                                                     | 24256    | 79754   | 40473    | 54315   | 39096    | 38311   | 33008    | 34429   | 38370    | 43672   | 47652    | 42502   |
| 6         | Customs, Excise and Service Tax Appellate Tribunal                                                | 9407     | 74594   | 12530    | 72585   | 6424     | 78510   | 14403    | 80646   | 23821    | 71845   | 13046    | 71454   |
| 7         | Appellate Tribunal under the Smugglers and Foreign Exchange Manipulators (Forfeiture of Property) | 26       | 5094    | 2        | 6581    | 763      | 7583    | 1102     | 9509    | 1447     | 11920   | 2364     | 12498   |
| 8         | Central Administrative Tribunal                                                                   | 12616    | 62283   | 17395    | 74567   | 19487    | 80545   | 31672    | 74615   | 35460    | 72153   | 26991    | 69102   |
| 9         | Railway Claims Tribunal                                                                           | 3299     | 26185   | 5812     | 25192   | 6369     | 22555   | 13554    | 19218   | 10879    | 13943   | 6352     | 10570   |
| 10        | Securities Appellate Tribunal                                                                     | 395      | 741     | 742      | 822     | 1011     | 878     | 1118     | 750     | 374      | 1085    | 316      | 1308    |
| 11        | National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission                                                   | 2216     | 908     | 1444     | 1003    | 1926     | 1492    | 3414     | 1953    | 2278     | 2081    | 939      | 1969    |
| 12        | Appellate Tribunal for Electricity                                                                | 217      | 1726    | 256      | 1956    | 411      | 2122    | 282      | 2552    | 468      | 2631    | 402      | 2644    |
| 13        | Armed Forces Tribunal                                                                             | 2460     | 4645    | 6140     | 3974    | 6175     | 4678    | 9653     | 5541    | 7706     | 6058    | 3389     | 6904    |
| 14        | Central Govt. Industrial Tribunal                                                                 | 2540     | 28173   | 2280     | 29136   | 2186     | 32110   | 3438     | 34644   | 4407     | 36498   | 8648     | 10644   |
| 15        | Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT)                                        | 334      | 3901    | 463      | 4867    | 1132     | 4932    | 707      | 5193    | 714      | 5510    | 604      | 5979    |
| 16        | State Administrative Tribunal                                                                     |          |         |          |         |          |         |          |         |          |         |          |         |
| 16        | Kerala Administrative Tribunal                                                                    | 3091     | 922     | 3167     | 1365    | 2442     | 1761    | 2602     | 1555    | 2098     | 1322    | 2531     | 10797   |
| 16        | Karnataka State Administrative Tribunal                                                           | 11788    | 27      | 10881    | 69      | 9873     | 86      | 12798    | 282     | 9883     | 1565    | 1513     | 5450    |
| 16        | Maharashtra Administrative Tribunal                                                               | 1381     | 7051    | 1618     | 8559    | 2953     | 9412    | 2863     | 10702   | 3455     | 11752   | 2768     | 12693   |