Lok Sabha Question No. 2063 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2015-12-10
Subject: Toilet Facilities
Ministry: DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION
Asked by: ARVIND GANPAT SAWANT, KRUPAL BALAJI TUMANE, BHAVANA GAWALI (PATIL), SHASHI THAROOR, SUPRIYA SADANAND SULE, RITI PATHAK

## Government of India

## Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2063 TO BE ANSWERED ON 10-12-2015

## Toilet Facilities

†2063. SHRI ARVIND SAWANT: SHRI KRUPAL BALAJI TUMANE: SHRIMATI BHAVANA PUNDALIKRAO GAWALI PATIL: DR. SHASHI THAROOR: SHRIMATI SUPRIYA SULE: SHRIMATI RITI PATHAK:

Will the Minister of DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION be pleased to state :

(a) the number and percentage of households in the country with toilet facilities, State/UT-wise;

(b) whether it is a fact that despite having toilets, people do not use them and prefer to defecate in  the  open,  if  so,  the  percentage/  number  of  such  households  indicating  the  reasons  therefor, State/UT-wise; and

- (c) the steps taken by the Government to change the mindset of the people and encourage them to use toilets?

ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF DRINKING WATER & SANITATION

(SHRI RAM KRIPAL YADAV)

- (a) Based on the data of coverage given by the States on the IMIS of the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)[SBM-G],  State/UT-wise,  number  and  percentage  of  rural  households  with  toilet facility as on 7-12-2015 is at Annexure-1.

State/UT-wise,  number  and  percentage  of  urban  households  with  toilet  facility  as  per  Census 2011 is at Annexure-2.

- (b) It cannot be said generally that despite having toilets, people do not use them and prefer to defecate in the open; although this may be true  for small percentage; especially  for men. The reasons for non-usage can be multiple and include lack of behavior change, poor construction of toilet etc.The percentage of households having access to latrine but not using it was only 1.7% as per National Sample Survey Report 2012.
- (c) The Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) has been launched on 2nd October, 2014, which aims at  attaining  Swachh  Bharat  by  2nd  October  2019.  The  Swachh  Bharat  Mission  is  also  laying more focus on behaviour change and usage of toilets. The focus on capacity building has been increased,  since  there  is  a  need  to  improve  skills,  especially  those  pertaining  to  community processes and triggering for collective behaviour change. In order to expand these skills and train the key stakeholders, State level workshops involving all the key stakeholders such as Collectors, CEO,  Zilla  Panchayats,  Chairmen  Zilla  Panchayats  etc.  are  being  held  in  different  States. Regional workshops to  cross-share  learning  amongst  different  States  are  also  being  held.  The Government of India has also undertaken direct training of Collectors and more than 200 district Collectors  from  across  India  have  been  trained  so  far.The  Centre-State  coordination  has  been increased through increased visits to States, coordination meetings,  and reviews. There is also a renewed focus on IEC and a 360 degree media campaign is being envisaged to further boost it. The social media -twitter (@swachbharat), Facebook (Swachh Bharat Mission) and WhatsApp/HIKE - are being extensively used for sharing innovative ideas and cross learning.  A National Rapid Action and Learning Unit has been constituted to institutionalise learning from the field and provide quick feedback. The technology aspect is also being focussed and an expert committee  under  Dr  R.A.  Mashelkar  has  been  constituted  to  examine  new  innovations;  and exhibitions are organised to spread these technologies amongst the States and other stakeholders.

As per the guidelines of SBM-Urban,

1. IEC and public awareness is one of the components under which the key strategy is behavior change  communication  to  ensure  that  sanitation  as  an  issue  and  covers  issues  of  open defecation, prevention of manual scavenging, hygiene practices, proper use and maintenance of toilet facilities etc.
2. There is a High Powered Committee (HPC) at State level under the Chairmanship of the Chief Secretary  which  reviews  the  progress  of  capacity  building,  IEC  and  public  awareness activities. HPC also approves the annual action of these activities.
3. At ULB level, SBM is envisaged as People's movement (Jana Andolan) for ensuring hygiene and  sanitation  across  the  country.  It  is  therefore  essential  that  ULBs  elicit  the  active participation of Ward Committees, Areas Sabhas, Resident Welfare Associations, NGOs and Civil Society Groups.

Statement referred in part (a) of the reply to Lok Sabha Un-starred Question No.2063 due for reply on 10-12-2015

State/UT-wise, number  and percentage of rural households with toilets as on 7-12-2015

| State/UT          |   Number of households with toilets |     % |
|-------------------|-------------------------------------|-------|
| A &NILANDS        |                               24542 | 53.77 |
| ANDHRA PRADESH    |                             3111991 | 41.28 |
| ARUNACHAL PRADESH |                              106216 | 60.38 |
| ASSAM             |                             2899423 | 51.18 |
| BIHAR             |                             5010743 | 23.42 |
| CHHATTISGARH      |                             1970455 | 44.49 |
| GOA               |                              113168 | 60.72 |
| GUJARAT           |                             4502876 | 64.06 |
| HARYANA           |                             2602136 | 84.82 |
| HIMACHAL PRADESH  |                             1397464 | 94.2  |
| JAMMU &KASHMIR    |                              512465 | 30.47 |
| JHARKHAND         |                             1754905 | 34.13 |
| KARNATAKA         |                             4591178 | 53.92 |
| KERALA            |                             5005198 | 96.28 |
| MADHYAPRADESH     |                             4845360 | 39.57 |
| MAHARASHTRA       |                             7435377 | 59.29 |
| MANIPUR           |                              315070 | 73.04 |
| MEGHALAYA         |                              308011 | 74.83 |
| MIZORAM           |                               90021 | 78.66 |
| NAGALAND          |                              167138 | 63.57 |
| ODISHA            |                             1762734 | 19.54 |
| PUDUCHERRY        |                               45425 | 50.01 |
| PUNJAB            |                             2440025 | 76.44 |
| RAJASTHAN         |                             5426044 | 47.16 |
| SIKKIM            |                               56984 | 97.64 |
| TAMIL NADU        |                             5373705 | 56.33 |
| TELANGANA         |                             1573452 | 35.02 |
| TRIPURA           |                              562434 | 68.87 |
| UTTAR PRADESH     |                            11847541 | 41.25 |
| UTTARAKHAND       |                             1224092 | 78.9  |
| WEST BENGAL       |                            10847381 | 71.52 |
|                   |                            87923554 | 48.38 |

Statement referred in part (a) of the reply to Lok Sabha Un-starred Question No.2063 due for reply on 10-12-2015

State/UT-wise, number  and percentage of urban households with toilets as per Census 2011

| State/UT                 |   Number of households with toilets |     % |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------|
| ANDAMAN &NICOBAR ISLANDS |                               29910 | 87.08 |
| ANDHRA PRADESH           |                             5838383 | 86.13 |
| ARUNACHAL PRADESH        |                               58977 | 89.51 |
| ASSAM                    |                              930306 | 93.71 |
| BIHAR                    |                             1388629 | 68.96 |
| CHANDIGARH               |                              200047 | 87.63 |
| CHHATTISGARH             |                              745715 | 60.2  |
| DADRA &NAGARHAVELI       |                               30610 | 81.29 |
| DAMAN&DIU                |                               40683 | 85.41 |
| GOA                      |                              168915 | 85.25 |
| GUJARAT                  |                             4750063 | 87.7  |
| HARYANA                  |                             1574783 | 89.89 |
| HIMACHAL PRADESH         |                              147978 | 89.12 |
| JAMMU &KASHMIR           |                              452373 | 87.47 |
| JHARKHAND                |                             1004578 | 67.17 |
| KARNATAKA                |                             4514862 | 84.93 |
| KERALA                   |                             3527650 | 97.43 |
| LAKSHADWEEP              |                                7993 | 97.71 |
| MADHYAPRADESH            |                             2854081 | 74.22 |
| MAHARASHTRA              |                             7707096 | 71.27 |
| MANIPUR                  |                              164152 | 95.77 |
| MEGHALAYA                |                              111163 | 95.75 |
| MIZORAM                  |                              114487 | 98.52 |
| NAGALAND                 |                              108845 | 94.6  |
| NCT OF DELHI             |                             2930386 | 89.85 |
| ODISHA                   |                              982744 | 64.78 |
| PUDUCHERRY               |                              169091 | 82.03 |
| PUNJAB                   |                             1955147 | 93.37 |
| RAJASTHAN                |                             2535241 | 82.02 |
| SIKKIM                   |                               34040 | 95.19 |
| TAMIL NADU               |                             6709788 | 75.15 |

| TRIPURA       |   230039 |   97.89 |
|---------------|----------|---------|
| UTTAR PRADESH |  6190972 |   83.11 |
| UTTARAKHAND   |   554169 |   93.57 |
| WEST BENGAL   |  5398223 |   85.01 |
| INDIA         | 64162119 |   81.36 |