Lok Sabha Question No. 351 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2026-02-02
Subject: Issues of Migrant and Gig/Platform Workers
Ministry: LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
Asked by: Ms. Praniti Sushilkumar Shinde

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 351

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.02.2026

## ISSUES OF MIGRANT AND GIG/PLATFORM WORKERS

351.  MS. PRANITI SUSHILKUMAR SHINDE:

Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to state:

- (a)the  details  of  the  number  of  migrant  workers  and  gig/platform workers registered on the eShram portal in Maharashtra along with the  number  of  such  workers  covered  under  any  other  social security scheme;
- (b)whether the Government acknowledges that a majority of gig and migrant workers in Maharashtra continue to work without minimum wage protection, written contracts or effective social security and if so, the details thereof; and
- (c)the  concrete  steps  taken  or  proposed  to  implement  by  the Government to the Code on Social Security, 2020 and ensure timebound social security coverage for the said workers in Maharashtra?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT (SUSHRI SHOBHA KARANDLAJE)

- (a) to (c):  The Ministry of Labour and Employment had launched eShram  portal  on  26.08.2021  for  creation  of  a  Comprehensive National  Database  of  Unorganised  Workers  including  platform workers, migrant workers etc.

The  details  of  migrant  workers  and  platform  workers registered  on  eShram  portal  and  enrolled  under  different  social security schemes in Maharashtra are annexed at Annexure-A and Annexure-B respectively.

The Code on Social Security, 2020 has been enforced on 21.11.2025  with  the  objective  to  consolidate  and  simplify  the existing social security laws into a single framework and to extend

Contd..2/-

social  security  coverage  to  all  workers,  including  organized, unorganized, gig, platform, and self-employed workers, by ensuring universal access to social security benefits, promoting portability of benefits across employments and States, enabling the Central and State Governments to frame appropriate schemes, leveraging technology for efficient delivery, and clearly defining the roles of governments,  employers,  and  aggregators  in  order  to  provide comprehensive  social  protection  to  the  workforce  in  line  with evolving labour market conditions.

For  the  first  time,  the  definition  of  'gig  workers'  and 'platform workers' and provisions related to the same have been provided in the Code on Social Security, 2020.  The Code provides for framing of suitable social security measures for gig workers and  platform  workers  on  matters  relating  to  life  and  disability cover, accident insurance, health and maternity benefits, old age protection, etc.  The Code has provisions for framing of suitable welfare  schemes  for  unorganised  workers  including  migrant workers on matters relating to life and disability cover, health and maternity benefits, old age protection, education, etc. The Code also provided for setting up of a Social  Security Fund for social security and welfare of the unorganised workers, gig workers and platform workers.

The Inter-State Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment  and  Conditions  of  Services)  Act,  1979  has  been subsumed  in the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions (OSH) Code, 2020. The labour codes provide for decent working conditions, minimum wages, grievances redressal mechanisms, toll free helpline, protection from abuse and exploitation, and social security to all category of organised and unorganized workers including migrant workers.

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## Annexure referred in reply to part (a) to (c) of the LoK Sabha Unstarred Question No. 351 for 02.02.2026.

Details of migrant workers registered on eShram portal in Maharashtra as on 27.01.2026 is as under:

|   Sl. No. | State       | Migrant In   |
|-----------|-------------|--------------|
|         1 | Maharashtra | 1,10,170     |

Details of migrant workers registered on eShram portal in Maharashtra enrolled under different social security schemes as on 27.01.2026 is as under:

|   Sl.No. | Schemes                                                             | Enrollments   |
|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|
|        1 | One Nation One Ration Card (ONORC)                                  | 69,772        |
|        2 | Pradhan Mantri Street Vendors Atmanirbhar Nidhi (PMSVANidhi)        | 1,153         |
|        3 | Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee scheme (MGNREGS) | 4,681         |
|        4 | Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - Gramin (PMAY-G)                        | 1,025         |
|        5 | Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS)           | 9             |
|        6 | Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS)                | 20            |
|        7 | Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - Urban (PMAY-U)                         | 136           |
|        8 | Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY)                        | -             |
|        9 | Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY)                    | 6,694         |
|       10 | Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY)                         | 24,121        |
|       11 | Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB- PMJAY)      | 42,795        |
|       12 | Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)                        | 11,491        |
|       13 | Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandna Yojana (PMMVY)                          | 1,065         |

## Annexure referred in reply to part (a) to (c) of the LoK Sabha Unstarred Question No. 351 for 02.02.2026.

Details of Platform workers registered on eShram portal in Maharashtra as on 27.01.2026 is as under:

|   Sl. No. | State       | Registration Count   |
|-----------|-------------|----------------------|
|         1 | Maharashtra | 1,34,705             |

Details  of  Platform  workers  registered  on  eShram  portal  in  Maharashtra  enrolled  under different social security schemes as on 27.01.2026 is as under:

|   Sl.No. | Schemes                                                             | Enrollments   |
|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|
|        1 | One Nation One Ration Card (ONORC)                                  | 88,692        |
|        2 | Pradhan Mantri Street Vendors Atmanirbhar Nidhi (PMSVANidhi)        | 2,936         |
|        3 | Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee scheme (MGNREGS) | 7,306         |
|        4 | Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - Gramin (PMAY-G)                        | 454           |
|        5 | Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS)           | 4             |
|        6 | Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS)                | 18            |
|        7 | Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - Urban (PMAY-U)                         | 220           |
|        8 | Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY)                        | 4             |
|        9 | Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY)                    | 1,722         |
|       10 | Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY)                         | 13,972        |
|       11 | Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB- PMJAY)      | 16,917        |
|       12 | Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)                        | 10,227        |
|       13 | Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandna Yojana (PMMVY)                          | 453           |

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