Lok Sabha Question No. 2827 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2026-03-10
Subject: Completion of Roads under PMGSY-III
Ministry: RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: Smt. Shambhavi, Shri Mukeshkumar Chandrakaant Dalal, Dr. Lata Wankhede

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

## DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2827 ANSWERED ON 10/03/2026

## COMPLETION OF ROADS UNDER PMGSY-III

2827. Smt. Shambhavi:

Dr. Lata Wankhede:

Shri Mukeshkumar Chandrakaant Dalal:

Will the Minister of RURAL DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  it  is  a  fact  that  more  than  99.6  per  cent  of  eligible unconnected habitations have been provided with all-weather road connectivity as of January 2026, if so, the details thereof, State-wise;
- (b) whether the Ministry has completed over 1.02 lakh kilometres of  roads  to  link  rural  habitations  to  agricultural  markets  and hospitals under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY-III), if so, the details thereof, State-wise;
- (c) whether  the  budgetary  allocation  for  rural  roads  has  seen  a significant  increase  to  Rs.  19,000  crore  in  the  2026-27  fiscal year  to  maintain  and  upgrade  the  existing  network  under PMGSY-III, if so, the details thereof, State-wise particularly in Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Bihar;
- (d) whether the Ministry has mandated the use of "Green Technologies" like plastic waste and cold mix technology in at least 25 per cent of new road constructions, if so, the details thereof; and
- (e) whether  the  improved  connectivity  has  led  to  a  documented increase in the average income of rural farmers by facilitating easier  access  to  urban  wholesale  markets,  if  so,  the  details thereof?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT (SHRI KAMLESH PASWAN)

- (a):    The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), launched in 2000, has achieved significant milestones in rural infrastructure by connecting 1,62,802 out of 1,63,288 eligible habitations, representing

- a 99.7% completion rate. This initiative primarily targets habitations with populations of 500 or more in plain areas and 250 or more in North-Eastern, Himalayan, and tribal regions, with further relaxations for  Left  Wing  Extremism-affected  areas  based  on  the  population norms of Census 2001.  State-wise details of habitations connected is given as per Annexure-I.
- (b):   In the year 2019, the Government launched PMGSY-III for the consolidation of 1,25,000 Km Through Routes and Major Rural Links connecting  habitations,    inter  alia,  to  Gramin  Agricultural  Markets (GrAMs), Higher Secondary Schools and Hospitals.   Under PMGSY-III, a total of 122,323 Km of road length has been sanctioned, and out of this, 104,958 Km have been completed till date.   State-wise details are given in Annexure-II.
- (c):          For  the  Financial  Year  2026-27,  a  Budget  Estimate  (BE)  of ₹19,000  crore  has  been  earmarked  for  PMGSY,  intended  to  cover various verticals and interventions, including PMGSY-III. Final allocations  are  determined  in  consultation  with  States  and  Union Territories, taking into account the Value of Projects (VoP) already sanctioned, the volume of pending works at the close of the previous financial year,  expenditure trends of previous years, and  the projected physical and financial milestones identified for the forthcoming annual cycle.
- (d):          In  order  to  promote  large  scale  adoption  of  New/Green Technology in rural roads in a systematic manner, NRIDA has brought 'Vision  Document  on  New  Technology  Initiatives  &  Guidelines2022.' Under New Technology Vision 2022, the following guidelines shall be applicable under PMGSY for surface course:
- a. Compulsory use of waste plastic in at least 70% length out of the eligible proposed length involving Hot Mix process.
- b. Cold Mix Technology shall be used in minimum 25% of the total eligible proposed length. The use of cold mix technology shall be prioritised in climatically suitable areas.

A total of 1,32,451 km of road length has been constructed using New and Green Technologies under various phases of PMGSY.  Details of roads sanctioned and  completed using Waste Plastic and Cold Mix are as follows:

| Technology    |   Road Length Sanctioned (in Km) |   Road Length completed (in Km) |
|---------------|----------------------------------|---------------------------------|
| Waste Plastic |                            61974 |                           46581 |
| Cold mix      |                            30863 |                           25923 |

(e):     The documented impact of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) on rural farmer income and market access has been validated  by  multiple  national  and  international  studies  like  the studies  carried  out  by  the  International  Labour  Organization  (ILO, 2015),  the  World  Bank  (Year:  2018),  NITI  Aayog-DMEO  (2020), National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER, 2025). Some of the findings are as follows:

- i. Increased Market Participation: There has been a 8% increase in crops taken to markets, with farmers travelling 7 to 10 km farther  to  access  urban  wholesale  markets  where  they  can secure better prices for their produce.
- ii. Reduced Transportation Costs: Improved road connectivity has directly  lowered  transport  costs  to  the mandi  (wholesale market) by an estimated ₹256 per trip.
- iii. Income  Diversification:  Better  connectivity  has  facilitated  a shift toward non-farm sectors, with a 13% increase in non-farm primary employment. Consequently, connected households now earn less than 40% of their income from agriculture, indicating successful economic diversification.
- iv. Shift in Cropping Patterns: Easier market access has encouraged  farmers  to  transition  toward  more  commercially viable agricultural products and high-value crops.
- v. Poverty Reduction: The infrastructure has led to a lower Multidimensional  Rural  Deprivation  Index  (MRDI)  in  connected habitations (32.3)  compared  to unconnected  ones  (43.7), demonstrating a significant reduction in rural poverty.

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Annexure-I Annexure  referred  to  in  reply  to  part  (a)  of  Lok  Sabha  Unstarred Question 2827 dated 10.03.2026

| Sr. No.                  | State Name          | No. of Habitations cleared   | No. of Habitations connected   |
|--------------------------|---------------------|------------------------------|--------------------------------|
| 1                        | Andaman And Nicobar | 7                            | 7                              |
| 2                        | Andhra Pradesh      | 1,435                        | 1,422                          |
| 3                        | Arunachal Pradesh   | 640                          | 616                            |
| 4                        | Assam               | 13,721                       | 13,720                         |
| 5                        | Bihar               | 31,389                       | 31,284                         |
| 6                        | Chhattisgarh        | 10,914                       | 10,639                         |
| 7 Dadra And Nagar Haveli |                     | 0                            | 0                              |
| 8                        | Goa                 | 0                            | 1                              |
| 9                        | Gujarat             | 3,047                        | 3,047                          |
| 10                       | Haryana             | 1                            | 1                              |
| 11                       | Himachal Pradesh    | 2,561                        | 2,556                          |
| 12                       | Jammu And Kashmir   | 2,140                        | 2,132                          |
| 13                       | Jharkhand           | 10,933                       | 10,953                         |
| 14                       | Karnataka           | 295                          | 295                            |
| 15                       | Kerala              | 402                          | 401                            |
| 16                       | Madhya Pradesh      | 17,493                       | 17,493                         |
| 17                       | Maharashtra         | 1,420                        | 1,417                          |
| 18                       | Manipur             | 652                          | 622                            |
| 19                       | Meghalaya           | 601                          | 594                            |
| 20                       | Mizoram             | 231                          | 231                            |
| 21                       | Nagaland            | 109                          | 107                            |
| 22                       | Odisha              | 16,998                       | 16,991                         |
| 23 Punjab                |                     | 389                          | 389                            |
| 24                       | Rajasthan           | 15,963                       | 15,970                         |
| 25                       | Sikkim              | 350                          | 350                            |
| 26 Tamil                 | Nadu                | 1,985                        | 1,985                          |
| 27                       | Tripura             | 2,005                        | 1,979                          |
| 28 Uttar                 | Pradesh             | 11,749                       | 11,748                         |
| 29                       | Uttarakhand         | 1,864                        | 1,860                          |
| 30                       | West Bengal         | 13,224                       | 13,224                         |
| 31                       | Telangana           | 705                          | 704                            |
| 32                       | Ladakh              | 65                           | 64                             |
| Total                    | Total               | 163,288                      | 162,802                        |

## Annexure-II

## Annexure referred to in reply to part (b) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question 2827 dated 10.03.2026

| Sr.No.   | State Name          | Road Length Sanctioned (in Km) Road   | Length Completed (in Km)   | Length Completed (in Km)   |
|----------|---------------------|---------------------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|
| 1        | Andaman And Nicobar | 200                                   |                            | 0                          |
| 2        | Andhra Pradesh      | 3,204                                 |                            | 2,730                      |
| 3        | Arunachal Pradesh   | 1,374                                 |                            | 714                        |
| 4        | Assam               | 4,247                                 |                            | 3,630                      |
| 5        | Bihar               | 6,162                                 |                            | 5,466                      |
| 6        | Chhattisgarh        | 5,606                                 |                            | 5,583                      |
| 7        | Goa                 | 63                                    |                            | 0                          |
| 8        | Gujarat             | 2,956                                 |                            | 2,870                      |
| 9        | Haryana             | 2,496                                 |                            | 2,462                      |
| 10       | Himachal Pradesh    | 3,123                                 |                            | 1,613                      |
| 11       | Jammu And Kashmir   | 1,752                                 |                            | 1,563                      |
| 12       | Jharkhand           | 4,090                                 |                            | 3,128                      |
| 13       | Karnataka           | 5,600                                 |                            | 5,406                      |
| 14       | Kerala              | 1,421                                 |                            | 923                        |
| 15       | Ladakh              | 456                                   |                            | 263                        |
| 16       | Madhya Pradesh      | 12,348                                |                            | 11,994                     |
| 17       | Maharashtra         | 6,409                                 |                            | 5,163                      |
| 18       | Manipur             | 772                                   |                            | 0                          |
| 19       | Meghalaya           | 1,206                                 |                            | 433                        |
| 20       | Mizoram             | 488                                   |                            | 215                        |
| 21       | Nagaland            | 545                                   |                            | 2                          |
| 22       | Odisha              | 9,351                                 |                            | 8,749                      |
| 23       | Puducherry          | 108                                   |                            | 0                          |
| 24       | Punjab              | 3,365                                 |                            | 2,443                      |
| 25       | Rajasthan           | 8,658                                 |                            | 8,581                      |
| 26       | Sikkim              | 284                                   |                            | 103                        |
| 27       | Tamil Nadu          | 7,377                                 |                            | 7,158                      |
| 28       | Telangana           | 2,423                                 |                            | 1,827                      |
| 29       | Tripura             | 777                                   |                            | 176                        |
| 30       | Uttar Pradesh       | 18,938                                |                            | 18,196                     |
| 31       | Uttarakhand         | 2,288                                 |                            | 1,767                      |
| 32       | West Bengal         | 4,236                                 |                            | 1,801                      |
| Total    |                     | 122,323                               |                            | 104,958                    |

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