Lok Sabha Question No. 3761 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2026-03-16
Subject: Climate Vulnerability Assessments
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Adv Gowaal Kagada Padavi, Shri Vishaldada Prakashbapu Patil, Dr. Bachhav Shobha Dinesh, Ms. Praniti Sushilkumar Shinde

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3761

TO BE ANSWERED ON 16.03.2026

## Climate Vulnerability Assessments

## 3761.  SHRI VISHALDADA PRAKASHBAPU PATIL:

MS. PRANITI SUSHILKUMAR SHINDE:

ADV GOWAAL KAGADA PADAVI:

DR. BACHHAV SHOBHA DINESH:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has conducted region-specific vulnerability assessments since 2014 to design climate-resilient infrastructure and farming practices tailored to distinct agro- climatic zones, including recurrent flood prone yet drought-affected districts of Maharashtra and the details thereof, State/UT-wise including district of Maharashtra;
- (b)  the  funds  allocated  and  utilised  since  2014  for  climate-resilient  agriculture,  watershed management and flood-mitigation infrastructure, State/UT-wise including district of Maharashtra;
- (c) whether independent evaluations have flagged gaps in preparedness, delayed implementation or inadequate  adaptation  planning  in  districts  experiencing  repeated  flood  damage  despite  being officially classified as drought-prone;
- (d) the number of crop losses, infrastructure damages and farmer compensation claims arising from such events during the last five years in Maharashtra, district-wise; and
- (e) the corrective, time-bound measures proposed to prevent recurring losses and strengthen locally adapted climate-resilient systems?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

(SHRI KIRTI VARDHAN SINGH)

- (a)  The Government of India through Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) flagship network project 'National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)' conducted risk and  vulnerability  assessment  of  Indian  Agriculture  to  climate  change  for  573  predominantly agriculture districts. A total of 109 districts are categorized as very high and 201 districts as highly vulnerable that helps in targeting and prioritization of investments in agriculture.

In Maharashtra, 13 districts viz., Nanded, Beed, Nandurbar, Akola, Washim, Wardha, Chandrapur, Hingoli, Parbhani, Jalna, Ahmednagar, Latur and Osmanabad fall under very and high-risk districts. ICAR  along  with  National  Agricultural  Research  System  (NARS)  have  developed  District Agricultural Contingency Plans (DACPs) for 651 districts in the country, including Maharashtra covering  various weather  aberrations and  recommended  location  specific  climate  resilient management practices for crops and livestock.

Further, the Government of India has established a framework of disaster management-focused schemes that support risk reduction and enhance preparedness to minimise socio-economic impacts such as the National Disaster Management Plan, National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project, and National Mission on Sustainable Habitat etc. The institutional and technical aspects are strengthened through multi-level coordination among National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), State Disaster  Management  Authorities  (SDMAs)  and  District  Disaster  Management  Authorities (DDMAs), and sectoral Ministries, with technical support from agencies such as National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM), while financial assistance is provided through mechanisms like the National Disaster Response Fund (NDRF).

The  Environment  and  Climate  Change  Department,  Government  of  Maharashtra,  in  its  revised Maharashtra State Action Plan on Climate Change (MH SAPCC) has undertaken a comprehensive vulnerability assessment  as per the Intergovernmental  Panel  on  Climate  Change (IPCC), Assessment Report 4 and 5 frameworks, and highlighted the vulnerability to all three hydro-met disasters, i.e., floods, cyclones, droughts, and their associated events,

(b) The  National  Adaptation  Fund  for  Climate  Change  (NAFCC)  was  established  in  2015 as  a  Central  Sector  Scheme  to  support  concrete  adaptation  activities  in  the  States  and  Union Territories  (UTs)  of  India  that  are  vulnerable  to  the  adverse  effects  of  climate  change.  Under NAFCC, the 30 projects have been sanctioned to States and UTs including the State of Maharashtra. In  the  State  of  Maharashtra,  under  NAFCC,  a  project  titled  'Efficient  Water  Management  and Agriculture  Technology  Adoption  for  Climate  Adaptive  and  Resilient  Farming  System  in  51 villages of Nandurbar and Buldhana districts of Maharashtra' was sanctioned with an amount of ₹22.95 crore. Further, Regional Project-2, titled 'Restoration of Degraded Landscapes to Natural State of Ecosystem for Climate Resilience and Livelihood Improvement of Vulnerable Communities', covering the States of Telangana, Rajasthan and Maharashtra, was sanctioned with an amount of ₹126.10 crore. The state-wise details of NAFCC including Maharashtra are provided in Annexure 1 . The State-wise budget (Rs. in lakhs) under NICRA during the last five years is also provided in Annexure-2 .

Atal  Bhujal  Yojana ,  a  community  led  participatory  ground  water  management  scheme,  was implemented by Ministry of Jal Shakti as a pilot scheme across 8,203 priority water stressed Gram Panchayats  of  seven  States  viz.  Gujarat,  Haryana,  Karnataka,  Madhya  Pradesh,  Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.

The  scheme  Watershed  Development  Component  of Pradhan Mantri Krishi  Sinchayee (WDCPMKSY) is implemented in all States including Maharashtra to improve productive potential of rainfed / degraded land through integrated watershed management; to strengthen community based local  institutions  for  promotion  of  livelihoods  &  watershed  sustainability,  and  to  improve  the efficiency of watershed projects through cross learning and incentive mechanism. Under WDCPMKSY 2.0, Department of Land Resources (DoLR) has sanctioned 140 watershed development projects covering an area of 5.26 lakh ha to Maharashtra at a total cost of Rs. 1251.14 crore (Central share: Rs 750.68 crore). So far, Central share of Rs. 476.93 crore has been released to Maharashtra.

The Nanaji Deshmukh Krishi Sanjivani Prakalp (NDKSP) Project on Climate Resilient agriculturePoCRA was implemented from 2018 to 2024 in 5,220 villages across 16 drought prone and climate vulnerable districts of Maharashtra, providing financial assistance to individual farmers, Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs), farmer groups, and SHGs, along with interventions such as soil and water conservation, farmer field schools, capacity building, and agro climatic advisory services. The total expenditure incurred was Rs.5078.70 cores.

(c) to (e) The NICRA project promotes location-specific climate-resilient technologies and capacitybuilding  activities  through  Krishi  Vigyan  Kendras  (KVKs)  to  enhance  farmers'  resilience  and adaptive capacity to climate variability. Location specific promising climate resilient technologies are demonstrated to farmers to address the climatic vulnerabilities in the NICRA villages such as droughts, floods, cyclone, heat wave, cold wave, hailstorms and frost. Promising climate resilient technologies have been documented for 27 States and 3 UTs and shared with the respective State Governments/UTs for further upscaling and convergence with various developmental programs in the States/UTs. Capacity building programs were also undertaken to farmers and other stakeholders on climate resilient agriculture in these districts. So far, around 26000 capacity building programs were conducted benefitting 7.57 lakh farmers and other stakeholders across the country.

In  Maharashtra,  the  evaluation  of  the  PoCRA  project  showed  significant  improvements  in agricultural productivity and resilience. Productivity of major crops such as soybean, cotton, pigeon pea, chickpea and sorghum increased by 5-16% in project villages. The area under double cropping increased by 14%, while production costs reduced by 10-15% for major crops. Climate-resilient practices such as the broad-bed furrow method increased by 20-25%, helping reduce crop losses due  to  rainfall  variability.  Water  efficiency  improved  with  4.88  lakh  hectares  brought  under sprinkler  and  drip  irrigation,  and  11,120  farm  ponds  increased  surface  water storage  by  30,375 thousand cubic metres (TCM). Climate-resilient farming and allied activities increased farmers' net income by about 46%, while storage capacity expanded by 1,80,836 metric tons through warehouses established by farmer producer organizations.

The Government of India has initiated several schemes under National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) to promote sustainable agricultural practices, including:

- (i) Per Drop More Crop (PDMC) scheme increases water use efficiency at the farm level through micro irrigation technologies i.e. drip and sprinkler irrigation.
- (ii) Rainfed  Area  Development  focuses  on  Integrated  Farming  System  for  enhancing productivity and minimizing risks associated with climatic variability.
- (iii) The Soil Health & Fertility scheme promotes integrated nutrient management through judicious use of chemical fertilizers. Other programme include Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture, Agroforestry & National Bamboo Mission also promote climate resilience in agriculture.

Further, Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana along with weather index based Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme provides a comprehensive insurance cover against crop failure by providing financial support to farmers suffering crop loss/damage arising out of unforeseen natural calamities.

******

Annexure referred to reply in part (b) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 3761 due for answer on 16.03.2026 regarding Climate Vulnerability Assessments raised by Shri Vishaldada Prakashbapu  Patil:  Ms.  Praniti  Sushilkumar  Shinde:  Adv  Gowaal  Kagada  Padavi:  Dr. Bachhav Shobha Dinesh:

## STATE-WISE DETAILS OF CLIMATE ADAPTATION FUNDS -NATIONAL ADAPTATION FUND FOR CLIMATE CHANGE (NAFCC)

## (Amount ₹ Lakhs)

|   SN | Name of Project                                                                                                                                                                                              | State/UT          | Sanctioned Amount   |
|------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|---------------------|
|    1 | Climate resilient interventions in dairy sector in costal and arid areas in Andhra Pradesh                                                                                                                   | Andhra Pradesh    | 12,71.36            |
|    2 | Addressing Climate Change Vulnerability of Papum- Poma River for conservation and recharging of its springs                                                                                                  | Arunachal Pradesh | 23,91.53            |
|    3 | Management of Ecosystem of Kaziranga National Park by Creating Climate Resilient Livelihood for Vulnerable Communities through Organic farming and Pond Based Pisciculture in Kaziranga National Park, Assam | Assam             | 24,56.65            |
|    4 | Scaling up of climate smart agriculture through mainstreaming climate smart villages in Bihar                                                                                                                | Bihar             | 23,06.62            |
|    5 | Climate Adaptation Strategies in Wetlands along Mahanadi River Catchment areas in Chhattisgarh                                                                                                               | Chhattisgarh      | 21,47.26            |
|    6 | Climate Change Adaptation for Natural Resource Dependent Communities in Kachchh, Gujarat: Strengthening Resilience through Water& Livelihood Security and Ecosystem Restoration                              | Gujarat           | 21,35.88            |
|    7 | Scaling up climate smart agriculture through mainstreaming climate smart villages in Haryana                                                                                                                 | Haryana           | 22,09.85            |
|    8 | Sustainable Livelihoods of Agriculture-Dependent Rural Communities in Drought Prone District of HP through Climate Smart Solutions                                                                           | Himachal Pradesh  | 20,00.00            |
|    9 | Climate Resilient Sustainable Agriculture in Rain-Fed Farming (Kandi) Areas ofJ&K                                                                                                                            | Jammu &Kashmir    | 22,51.53            |
|   10 | Enhancing climate resilience of forests and its dependent communities in two landscapes of Jharkhand                                                                                                         | Jharkhand         | 24,73.20            |
|   11 | Conservation and Management of indigenous varieties of livestock in Karnataka                                                                                                                                | Karnataka         | 24,21.53            |
|   12 | Promotion of Integrated Farming System of Kaipad and Pokkali in Costal Wet -lands of Kerala                                                                                                                  | Kerala            | 25,00.00            |
|   13 | Enhancing adaptation capacity to climate change through development of climate smart villages in MP                                                                                                          | Madhya Pradesh    | 24,87.81            |

|   SN | Name of Project                                                                                                                                                                                                      | State/UT                                            | Sanctioned Amount   |
|------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|---------------------|
|   14 | Efficient Water Mgt. and Agriculture Technology Adoption for Climate Adaptive and Resilient Farming System in 51 villages of Nandurbar and Buldhana Districts of Maharashtra State                                   | Maharashtra                                         | 22,94.57            |
|   15 | Model Carbon Positive Eco-Village In Phayeng Of Manipur                                                                                                                                                              | Manipur                                             | 10,00.00            |
|   16 | Spring-shed development works for rejuvenation of springs for climate resilient development in the water stressed areas of Meghalaya                                                                                 | Meghalaya                                           | 22,91.54            |
|   17 | Sustainable Agriculture Development through Expansion, Enhancement and Modelling                                                                                                                                     | Mizoram                                             | 10,38.09            |
|   18 | Gene pool conservation of indigenous varieties under traditional integrated rational farming system (Jhum optimization) for promoting livelihood and food security as climate change adaptation strategy in Nagaland | Nagaland                                            | 24,66.69            |
|   19 | Conserve water through the management of run-off in the river basin to improve GW recharge to reduce vulnerability and enhance resilience for traditional livelihood in Nuapada                                      | Odisha                                              | 20,00.00            |
|   20 | Integrated surface water management for climate change adaptation in Puducherry                                                                                                                                      | Puducherry                                          | 16,76.00            |
|   21 | Towards Climate Resilient Livestock Production System In Punjab                                                                                                                                                      | Punjab                                              | 17,40.00            |
|   22 | Mukhya Mantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyaan for Climate Change Adaptation and Water Harvesting in Arthuna, Anandpuri and Sajjangarh blocks of District Banswara                                                            | Rajasthan                                           | 24,97.75            |
|   23 | Addressing Climate Change Vulnerability of Water Sector at Gram Panchayat Level in Drought Prone areas of Sikkim                                                                                                     | Sikkim                                              | 24,66.74            |
|   24 | Management and rehabilitation of coastal habitats and biodiversity for Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainable Livelihood in Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu, India                                                     | Tamil Nadu                                          | 24,74.00            |
|   25 | Climate proofing of rainfed watersheds in Salem and Virudhunagar districts of Tamil Nadu                                                                                                                             | Tamil Nadu                                          | 23,80.26            |
|   26 | Resilient Agricultural Households through Adaptation to Climate Change in Telangana                                                                                                                                  | Telangana                                           | 24,00.34            |
|   27 | Ecosystem Services based adaptation to climate change in Bundelkhand region of UP                                                                                                                                    | Uttar Pradesh                                       | 19,80.46            |
|   28 | Rain Water Harvesting and Sustainable Water Supply to the Hilly Areas in Darjeeling as an Adaptive Measure to Potential Climate Change Impacts                                                                       | West Bengal                                         | 23,12.10            |
|   29 | Regional project on climate resilience building in rural areas through crop residue management                                                                                                                       | Regional Project 1 [Punjab, Haryana, UP, Rajasthan] | 120,66.00           |

| SN   | Name of Project                                                                                                                              | State/UT                                               | Sanctioned Amount   |
|------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|
| 30   | Restoration of degraded landscapes to natural state of ecosystem for climate resilience and livelihood improvement of vulnerable communities | Regional Project 2 [Telangana, Rajasthan, Maharashtra] | 126,10.00           |
|      | Total                                                                                                                                        | Total                                                  | 847,47.77           |

Annexure referred to reply in part (b) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 3761 due for answer on 16.03.2026 regarding Climate Vulnerability Assessments raised by Shri Vishaldada Prakashbapu  Patil:  Ms.  Praniti  Sushilkumar  Shinde:  Adv  Gowaal  Kagada  Padavi:  Dr. Bachhav Shobha Dinesh:

## State-wise Budget (Rs. in lakhs) under NICRA during the last five years

(Rs. In lakhs)

| State                      |   2019-20 |   2020-21 |   2021-22 |   2022-23 |   2023-24 |    Total |
|----------------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|----------|
| Andaman and Nicobar Island |      1.58 |      5.93 |     14.36 |      8.79 |      9.3  |    39.96 |
| Andhra Pradesh             |     65.65 |     81.67 |     79.9  |     47.18 |     50.39 |   324.79 |
| Arunachal Pradesh          |     10.4  |     15.65 |     16.96 |     26.09 |     35.69 |   104.79 |
| Assam                      |     55.64 |     64.83 |     47.47 |     53.64 |     72.45 |   294.03 |
| Bihar                      |     96.5  |     73.02 |     84.76 |    132.57 |    138.48 |   525.33 |
| Chhattisgarh               |     22.63 |     36.38 |     28.81 |     37.94 |     43.52 |   169.28 |
| Goa                        |      0    |      0    |      5.56 |     22.31 |     19.03 |    46.9  |
| Gujarat                    |     39.43 |     53.43 |     36.16 |     39.26 |     47.27 |   215.55 |
| Haryana                    |    172.63 |    181.99 |    216.73 |    202.15 |    263.34 |  1036.84 |
| Himachal Pradesh           |     44.56 |     52.2  |     50.62 |     61.08 |     60.77 |   269.23 |
| Jammu &Kashmir             |     93.17 |     61.5  |     75.41 |     74.75 |     76.23 |   381.06 |
| Jharkhand                  |     63.14 |     70.72 |     49.27 |     38.31 |     44.37 |   265.81 |
| Karnataka                  |    267.31 |    379.34 |    382.64 |    297.88 |    358.52 |  1685.69 |
| Kerala                     |    232.75 |    222.91 |    204.74 |    187.83 |    143.47 |   991.7  |
| Lakshadweep                |      0    |      0    |      4.4  |      8.04 |      3.2  |    15.64 |
| Madhya Pradesh             |    147    |    196.11 |    187.43 |    155.8  |    184.48 |   870.82 |
| Maharashtra                |    189.54 |    234.98 |    149.7  |    156.93 |    210.02 |   941.17 |
| Manipur                    |     20.72 |     23.7  |     17.3  |     26.51 |     35.49 |   123.72 |
| Meghalaya                  |    328.6  |    268.96 |    339.42 |    210.7  |    297.25 |  1444.93 |
| Mizoram                    |     15.91 |     16.1  |     27.25 |     37.16 |     47.92 |   144.34 |
| Nagaland                   |     25.64 |     30.03 |     20.25 |     27.06 |     35.71 |   138.69 |
| New Delhi                  |    417.06 |    401.47 |    327.04 |    227.51 |    332.68 |  1705.76 |
| Odisha                     |    140.79 |    234.71 |    156.28 |    207.98 |    238.12 |   977.88 |
| Puducherry                 |      0    |      0    |      1.57 |      9.97 |      9.79 |    21.33 |
| Punjab                     |     91.4  |    111.44 |     86.08 |     96.07 |     95.05 |   480.04 |
| Rajasthan                  |     92.07 |     90.28 |    166.07 |    157.51 |    161.06 |   666.99 |
| Sikkim                     |      8.48 |      7.45 |     13    |     18.21 |     23.66 |    70.8  |
| Tamil Nadu                 |    162.65 |    238.32 |    186.03 |    153.62 |    207.95 |   948.57 |
| Telangana                  |    672.23 |    779.8  |   1055.52 |    786.66 |    813.56 |  4107.77 |
| Tripura                    |     14.91 |     16.2  |      6    |     10.3  |     11.83 |    59.24 |
| Uttar Pradesh              |    340.55 |    295.07 |    322.07 |    291.5  |    330.96 |  1580.15 |
| Uttarakhand                |     83.15 |     77.59 |     54.55 |     43.43 |     58.2  |   316.92 |
| West Bengal                |    118.36 |    128.23 |    175.81 |    189.31 |    355.01 |   966.72 |
| Total                      |   4034.45 |   4450.01 |   4589.16 |   4044.05 |   4814.77 | 21932.4  |