Lok Sabha Question No. 413 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2015-12-01
Subject: Condition of Scheduled Castes
Ministry: SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT
Asked by: PONNUSAMY VENUGOPAL

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 413 T0 BE ANSWERED ON 01.12.2015

## 413. CONDITION OF SCHEDULED CASTES

## DR: P VENUGOPAL:

## Will the Minister of SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the social and economic condition of Scheduled Castes in the country varies from State to State;
- (b) if the details thereof and the reasons therefor;
- (c) whether it is a fact that Scheduled Castes in Tamil Nadu are far better off than forward castes in Jharkhand; and
- (d) if the details thereof? SO,

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT (SHRI VIJAY SAMPLA)

- (a): Sir. Yes;
- (b): The State-Wise  details  regarding population below the poverty literacy and gross enrolment ratio of higher education pertaining to Scheduled Castes are enclosed in Annexure A, B & C respectively. line,
- (c): The position of Scheduled Castes of Tamil Nadu is better than the Others' (Non SCs/STs) of Jharkhand in terms of literacy rate and Gross Enrolment Ratio for higher education.
- (d): The literacy rate for Scheduled Castes was 73.3% in Tamil Nadu and the same was 66.4%/ for All categories in case of Jharkhand as per Census 2011. The Gross Enrolment Ratio for 'Scheduled Castes was 29.9%/ in case of Tamil Nadu   and the same was 10.1% for AlI categories for Jharkhand during 2012-13.

However; the Scheduled Castes population below the poverty line in rural area of Tamil Nadu was 31.2% whereas the same was 37.1% for Others" (Non SCs/STs/OBCs) in Jharkhand. In case of urban areas, Scheduled Castes population below poverty line was much higher 40.2% in Tamil Nadu compared to 9.2% in Jharkhand for Others' ((Non SCs/STs/OBCs) as per the estimates of poverty release by the Planning Commission in 2004-05.

## STATE-WISE PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION BELOW POVERTY LINE FOR 'OTHERS' AND 'SCHEDULED CASTES' IN INDIA 2004-05

| SI No.   | States           | % of Persons below Poverty Line   | % of Persons below Poverty Line   | % of Persons below Poverty Line   | % of Persons below Poverty Line   |
|----------|------------------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------|
|          |                  | Rural                             | Rural                             | Urban                             | Urban                             |
|          |                  | Others                            | SCs                               | Others                            | SCs                               |
| 1        | Andhra Pradesh   | 4.1                               | 15.4                              | 20.6                              | 39.9                              |
| 2        | Assam            | 25.4                              | 27.7                              | 4.2                               | 8.6                               |
| 3        | Bihar            | 26,6                              | 64.0                              | 18.3                              | 67.2                              |
| 4_       | Chhattisgarh     | 29.2                              | 32.7                              | 21.4                              | 52.0                              |
| 5_       | NCT of Delhi     | 10.6                              | 0.0                               | 6.4                               | 35.8                              |
| 6_       | Gujarat          | 4.8                               | 21.8                              | 7.0                               | 16.0                              |
| 7.       | Haryana          | 4.2                               | 26.8                              | 5.9                               | 33.4                              |
| 8        | Himachal Pradesh | 6.4                               | 19.6                              | 2.0                               | 5.6                               |
| 9        | Jammu & Kashmir  | 3.3                               | 5.2                               | 7.8                               | 13.7                              |
| 10.      | Jharkhand        | 37.1                              | 57.9                              | 9.2                               | 47.2                              |
| 11.      | Karnataka        | 13.6                              | 31.8                              | 203                               | 50.6                              |
| 12.      | Kerala           | 6.6                               | 21.6                              | 7.8                               | 32.5                              |
| 13.      | Madhya Pradesh   | 13.4                              | 42.8                              | 20.8                              | 67.                               |
| 14       | Maharashtra      | 18.9                              | 44.8                              | 26.8                              | 43.2                              |
| 15.      | Odisha           | 23.4                              | 50.2                              | 28.9                              | 72.6                              |
| 16.      | Punjab           | 2.2                               | 14.6                              | 2.9                               | 16.1                              |
| 17.      | Rajasthan        | 8.2                               | 28.7                              | 20.7                              | 52.1                              |
| 18.      | Tamil Nadu       | 19.1                              | 31.2                              | 6.5                               | 40.2                              |
| 19.      | Uttar Pradesh    | 19.7                              | 44.8                              |                                   | 44.9                              |
| 20       | Uttarakhand      | 33.5                              | 54.2                              | 25.                               | 65.7                              |
| 21 _     | West Bengal      | 16.1                              | 29.5                              | 13.0                              | 28.5                              |
| Total    | Total            | 16.1                              | 36.8                              | 16.0                              | 39.9                              |

Source: Planning Commissicn, Newv Delhi

Note:

Others means Non-SCs/STs/OBCs

## STATEIUT-WISE LITERACY RATE FOR ALL CATEGORIES' AND 'SCHEDULED CASTES' IN INDIA 2011

| SI No.   | States            | Literacy Rate %   | Literacy Rate %   |
|----------|-------------------|-------------------|-------------------|
| SI No.   | States            | AII Categories    | SC Students       |
| 1        | Andhra Pradesh    | 67.0              | 62.3              |
|          | Arunachal Pradesh | 65.4              | 0.0               |
|          | Assan             | 72.2              | 77.0              |
| 4_       | Bihar             | 61.8              | 48.6              |
| 5        | Chhattisgarh      | 70.3              | 70.8              |
| 6        | Goa               | 88.7              | 83.7              |
| 7        | Gujarat           | 78.0              | 79.2              |
| 8        | Haryana           | 75.6              | 66.9              |
| 9        | Himachal Pradesh  | 82.8              | 78.9              |
| 10_      | Jammu & Kashmir   | 67.2              | 70.2              |
| 11_      | Jharkhand         | 66.4              | 55.9              |
| 12.      | Karnataka         | 75.4              | 65.3              |
| 13.      | Kerala            | 94.0              | 88.7              |
| 14_      | Madhya Pradesh_   | 69.3              | 66.2              |
| 15.      | Maharashtra       | 82.3              | 79.7              |
| 16       | Manipur           | 79.2              | 76.2              |
| 17.      | Meghalaya         | 74.4              | 68.6              |
| 18.      | Mizoram           | 91.3              | 92.4              |
| 19       | Nagaland          | 79.6              | 0.0               |
| 20_      | Odisha            |                   | 69.0              |
| 21_      | Punjab            | 75.8              | 64.8              |
| 22_      | Rajasthan         | 66.1              | 59.7              |
| 23_      | Sikkim            | 81.4              | 77.5              |
| 24       | Tamil Nadu        | 80.1              | 73.3              |
| 25       | Tripura           | 87.2              | 89.4              |
| 26       | Uttar Pradesh     | 67.7              | 60.9              |
| 27.      | Uttarakhand       | 78.8              | 74.4              |
| 28.      | West Bengal       | 76.3              | 69.4              |
| 29_      | A & N Islands     | 86.6              | 0.0               |
| 30_      | Chandig garh      | 86.0              | 76.5              |
| 31_      | D & N Haveli      | 76.2              | 89.4              |
|          | Daman & Diu       | 87.1              | 92.6              |
| 33_      | NCT of Delhi      | 86.2              | 78.9              |
| 34.      | Lakshadweep       | 91.8              | 0.0               |
| 35.      | Puducherry        | 85.8              | 77.9              |
| Total    | Total             | 73.0              | 66.1              |

Source: Census of India; 2011

& N Island and Lakshadweep

## GROSS ENROLMENT RATIO OF ALL CATEGORIES' AND 'SCHEDULED CASTE STUDENTS' IN HIGHER EDUCATON

(18-23 YEARS)

2012-13

| SI No.   | States            |   AIl Categories | SC Students   |
|----------|-------------------|------------------|---------------|
| 1        | Andhra Pradesh    |             29.1 | 24.9          |
| 2        | Arunachal Pradesh |             19.3 |               |
| 3_       | Assam             |             12.8 | 10.9          |
| 4        | Bihar             |             11.2 | 6.9           |
| 5_       | Chhattisgarh      |             11.8 | 9.0           |
| 6        | Goa               |             23.2 | 22.4          |
| 7        | Gujarat           |             17.6 | 18.0          |
| 8        | Haryana           |             28.7 | 17.9          |
| 9_       | Himachal Pradesh  |             23.8 | 13.3          |
| 10.      | Jammu & Kashmir   |             24.1 | 11.0          |
|          | Jharkhand         |             10.1 | 5.9           |
| 12.      | Karnataka         |             25.5 | 16.9          |
| 13       | Kerala            |             22.9 | 17.8          |
| 14.      | Madhya Pradesh    |             19.5 | 13.1          |
| 15.      | Maharashtra       |             25.6 | 23.3          |
| 16.      | Manipur           |             30.3 | 55.2          |
| 17.      | Meghalaya         |             17.3 | 33.0          |
| 18       | Mizoram           |             21.3 | 101.7         |
| 19.      | Nagaland          |             13.9 |               |
| 20.      | Odisha            |             15.4 | 8.5           |
| 21       | Punjab            |             22.7 | 8.3           |
| 22       | Rajasthan         |             18.2 | 11.8          |
| 23       | Sikkim            |             23.6 | 23.3          |
| 24       | Tamil Nadu        |             42   | 29.9          |
| 25.      | Tripura           |             14   | 11.9          |
| 26       | Uttar Pradesh     |             18.1 | 13.4          |
| 27.      | Uttarakhand       |             33.1 | 18.3          |
| 28_      | West Bengal       |             15   | 9.9           |
| 29       | A & N Islands     |             15.9 |               |
| 30       | Chandigarh        |             51.3 | 22.5          |
| 31.      | D & N Haveli      |              6.3 | 6.3           |
| 32.      | Daman & Diu       |              4.3 | 16.5          |
| 33.      | NCT of Delhi      |             38.5 | 18.2          |
| 34.      | Lakshadweep       |             11.8 |               |
| 35.      | Puducherry        |             42.1 | 31.8          |
| Total    | Total             |             21.1 | 15.1          |

Source: AIl India Survey on Higher Education, 2012-13, Ministry of Human Resource Development;

Note: There is no Scheduled Castes Population in Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, A & N Island and Lakshadweep