Lok Sabha Question No. 1181 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-12-08
Subject: Data on Employment
Ministry: LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
Asked by: Shri Malaiyarasan D, Dr. Kalanidhi Veeraswamy

## +GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1181

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 08 TH  DECEMBER, 2025

## DATA ON EMPLOYMENT

## 1181.  SHRI MALAIYARASAN D:

DR. KALANIDHI VEERASWAMY:

Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of the current unemployment rate in the country according to the latest official data, sector and age-wise as compared to previous years;
- (b) the  details  of  the  total  number  of  formal  and  informal  sector  jobs created during the last three financial years including youth employment figures;
- (c) the  details  of  the  measures  taken  by  the  Government to  address  the high unemployment among youth, women and rural workers including implementation  of  MGNREGA,  PMKVY,  DDUGKY  and  other  schemes, State/UT-wise;
- (d) whether  the  Government  has  conducted  any  assessment  of  the effectiveness  of  its  employment  generation  schemes  and  if  so,  the details thereof;
- (e) the  details  of  the  steps  taken  by  the  Government  to  improve  skill development, industry collaboration and placement support to ensure that trained youth are actually getting secure employment; and
- (f) the  details  of  the  timeline  and  target  set  by  the  Government  to significantly reduce unemployment in the country?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT (SUSHRI SHOBHA KARANDLAJE)

(a)  to  (f):  The  official  data  on  Employment  and  Unemployment  is  collected through Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), which is conducted by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) since 2017-18.

As  per the latest available Annual  PLFS  reports, the  estimated Unemployment Rate (UR) on usual status for persons age 15 years and above has decreased from 6.0% in 2017-18 to 3.2% in 2023-24 and for the youth of age 15-29 was decreased from 17.8% in 2017-18 to 10.2% in 2023-24.

Further, the estimated  Worker  Population  Ratio (WPR)  indicating employment (including formal and informal sector jobs) on usual status for persons of age 15 years and above was 52.9% in 2021-22, 56.0% in 2022-23 and  58.2%  in  2023-24.  Also,  the  estimated  Worker  Population  Ratio  (WPR) indicating  employment  on  usual  status  for  youth  of  age  15-29  years  was 36.8% in 2021-22, 40.1% in 2022-23 and 41.7% in 2023-24.

The PLFS reports containing information on estimated Unemployment Rate  (UR)  (including  sector  and  age-wise  among  youth,  women  and  rural workers) on usual status are available at https://www.mospi.gov.in/publications-reports.

Employment generation coupled with improving employability (including for women,  youth  and  rural  workers), is a priority of the Government. Accordingly, Government is implementing various employment generation  schemes/programmes.  These  interalia  include  Prime  Minister's Employment  Generation  Programme  (PMEGP),  Mahatma  Gandhi  National Rural  Employment  Guarantee  Scheme  (MGNREGS),  Deendayal  Antyodaya YojanaNational Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM), Deen Dayal Upadhyaya  Grameen  Kaushalya  Yojana  (DDU-GKY),  Rural  Self  Employment and Training Institutes (RSETIs), Deen Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Urban  Livelihoods  Mission  (DAYNULM),  PM  Street  Vendor's  AtmaNirbhar Nidhi (PM SVANidhi), Stand-up India Scheme, Start Up India , Pradhan Mantri Mudra  Yojana  (PMMY),  etc.  The  details  of  various  employment  generation schemes/programmes being implemented by the Government may be seen at https://dge.gov.in/dge/schemes\_programmes.

Government  is  also  implementing  Skill  India  Mission  (SIM)  to  deliver skill,  re-skill  and  up-skill  training  through  an  extensive  network  of  skill development centres/ schools/ colleges /institutes etc. under various schemes, viz. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), Jan Shikshan Sansthan  (JSS),  National  Apprenticeship  Promotion  Scheme  (NAPS)  and Craftsmen Training Scheme (CTS) through Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) in the country. The SIM aims at enabling youth of India to get future ready, equipped with industry relevant skills.

The State/UT-wise details of the beneficiaries of schemes MGNREGA, PMKVY & DDUGKY over the last five years in the country, is at Annexure-I to III.

To  enhance  the  employability  of  female  workers,  the  Government  is providing training to  them through a network of Women Industrial Training Institutes,  National  Vocational  Training  Institutes  and  Regional  Vocational

Training Institutes.

In addition to the above, Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE) has also launched AI Career for Women Initiative in April 2025 where over a period of two years, training and enabling economic opportunities for girls would be the focus of the programme.

The Ministry of Women and Child Development is implementing 'Palna' component under Mission  Shakti  for  all  States/UTs,  under  which  providing day care facilities and protection of children is the main focus area. Under Palna, Ministry has extended free services of childcare through Anganwadi cum Creches (AWCC).

Government has also launched 'NAVYA' (Nurturing Aspirations through Vocational  Training  for  Young  Adolescent  Girls)  with  an  aim  to  equip adolescent girls aged 16 to 18 years with vocational training mainly in non- traditional and emerging job roles.

In  addition,  the  Government  is  implementing  Employment  Linked Incentive (ELI) Scheme named as the Pradhan Mantri Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana to support employment generation, enhance employability and social security across all sectors, with special focus on the manufacturing sector. The  scheme  with  an  outlay  of  Rs  99,446  Crore  aims  to  incentivize  the creation of more than 3.5 Crore jobs in the country, over a period of 2 years.

Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India, is running the National  Career  Service  (NCS)  Portal  which  is  a  one-stop  solution  for providing career related services including jobs from private and government sectors,  information  on  online  &  offline  job  fairs,  job  search  &  matching, career  counselling,  vocational  guidance,  information  on  skill  development platform courses, skill/training programmes etc. through a digital [www.ncs.gov.in].

A number of protective provisions have been incorporated in the Labour Codes implemented with effect from 21.11.2024, for equal opportunity and congenial  work  environment  for  women  workers.  The  Code  on  Social Security,  2020  has  the  provisions  for  paid  maternity  leave  of  26  weeks, provision  for  mandatory  crèche  facility  in  the  establishments  having  50  or more employees, etc.

The  Code  on  Occupational  Safety,  Health  and  Working  Conditions (OSH), 2020 has the provisions that women shall be entitled to be employed in all establishments for all types of work and they may be employed, with their  consent  before  6  am  and  beyond  7  p.m.  subject  to  such  conditions relating to safety, holidays and working hours or any other conditions to be observed  by the employer  as  may  be  prescribed by the appropriate Government.

The Union Budget (2024-25) announced setting up of working women hostels in collaboration with industry, and establishing crèches, for increasing participation of women in the workforce.

*****

Annexure-I Annexure referred to in reply  of  part  (a)  to  (f)  of  the  Lok  Sabha  Unstarred Question No. 1181 due for reply on 08.12.2025 State-wise  details  of  candidates  trained  /  oriented  under  PMKVY  since inception up to 31st Oct, 2025:

| State             |             |
|-------------------|-------------|
| A & N Islands     | 5,501       |
| Andhra Pradesh    | 5,28,234    |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 98,157      |
| Assam             | 8,39,672    |
| Bihar             | 7,60,581    |
| Chandigarh        | 28,035      |
| Chhattisgarh      | 2,04,543    |
| Delhi             | 5,27,664    |
| Goa               | 10,484      |
| Gujarat           | 4,71,884    |
| Haryana           | 7,63,070    |
| Himachal Pradesh  | 1,76,654    |
| Jammu & Kashmir   | 4,29,954    |
| Jharkhand         | 3,14,146    |
| Karnataka         | 6,05,744    |
| Kerala            | 2,74,836    |
| Ladakh            | 4,076       |
| Lakshadweep       | 390         |
| Madhya Pradesh    | 12,15,857   |
| Maharashtra       | 13,32,397   |
| Manipur           | 1,15,021    |
| Meghalaya         | 58,856      |
| Mizoram           | 44,147      |
| Nagaland          | 54,055      |
| Odisha            | 6,02,374    |
| Puducherry        | 35,597      |
| Punjab            | 5,63,591    |
| Rajasthan         | 14,08,412   |
| Sikkim            | 19,479      |
| Tamil Nadu        | 8,89,722    |
| Telangana         | 4,64,811    |
| DNH & DD          | 11,842      |
| Tripura           | 1,60,367    |
| Uttar Pradesh     | 25,09,373   |
| Uttarakhand       | 2,52,138    |
| West Bengal       | 6,51,369    |
| All India         | 1,64,33,033 |

Annexure-II

Annexure  referred  to  in  reply  of  part  (a)  to  (f)  of  the  Lok  Sabha  Unstarred Question No. 1181 due for reply on 08.12.2025

State/Union  Territory-wise  details  of  persondays  generated  under  Mahatma Gandhi NREGS from the financial years 2020-21 to current financial year 2025-26 (as on 24.11.2025)

|         |                     |         |         |         |         | (Figure in crore)   | (Figure in crore)          |
|---------|---------------------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------------------|----------------------------|
| SI. No. | States/UTs          | 2020-21 | 2021-22 | 2022-23 | 2023-24 | 2024-25             | 2025-26 (As on 24.11.2025) |
| 1       | Andhra Pradesh      | 25.86   | 24.15   | 23.95   | 25.55   | 24.23               | 15.83                      |
| 2       | Arunachal Pradesh   | 1.28    | 1.59    | 1.51    | 1.60    | 2.04                | 0.99                       |
| 3       | Assam               | 9.11    | 9.16    | 7.86    | 8.74    | 7.11                | 3.81                       |
| 4       | Bihar               | 22.61   | 18.03   | 23.64   | 22.05   | 25.02               | 16.27                      |
| 5       | Chhattisgarh        | 18.41   | 16.92   | 13.25   | 12.77   | 13.24               | 5.67                       |
| 6       | Goa                 | 0.0110  | 0.0095  | 0.0094  | 0.0043  | 0.0076              | 0.0048                     |
| 7       | Gujarat             | 4.82    | 5.68    | 4.66    | 4.93    | 4.31                | 2.27                       |
| 8       | Haryana             | 1.80    | 1.46    | 0.96    | 1.23    | 1.18                | 0.61                       |
| 9       | Himachal Pradesh    | 3.36    | 3.71    | 3.08    | 3.44    | 3.95                | 1.50                       |
| 10      | Jammu And Kashmir   | 4.07    | 4.06    | 3.09    | 3.75    | 4.09                | 2.23                       |
| 11      | Jharkhand           | 11.76   | 11.32   | 9.15    | 10.97   | 10.09               | 8.01                       |
| 12      | Karnataka           | 14.80   | 16.32   | 12.58   | 13.85   | 13.12               | 6.25                       |
| 13      | Kerala              | 10.23   | 10.60   | 9.66    | 9.95    | 9.08                | 5.01                       |
| 14      | Ladakh              | 0.21    | 0.19    | 0.20    | 0.20    | 0.22                | 0.14                       |
| 15      | Madhya Pradesh      | 34.18   | 29.99   | 22.59   | 19.96   | 18.97               | 13.84                      |
| 16      | Maharashtra         | 6.79    | 8.25    | 7.88    | 11.60   | 16.22               | 9.86                       |
| 17      | Manipur             | 3.31    | 3.03    | 0.74    | 1.46    | 2.45                | 1.31                       |
| 18      | Meghalaya           | 3.84    | 3.94    | 2.89    | 3.25    | 3.21                | 1.53                       |
| 19      | Mizoram             | 1.99    | 2.01    | 2.02    | 2.04    | 1.98                | 1.23                       |
| 20      | Nagaland            | 1.80    | 1.93    | 1.97    | 1.79    | 0.94                | 0.80                       |
| 21      | Odisha              | 20.81   | 19.78   | 18.51   | 18.28   | 11.93               | 7.94                       |
| 22      | Punjab              | 3.77    | 3.31    | 3.21    | 3.51    | 3.14                | 1.87                       |
| 23      | Rajasthan           | 46.05   | 42.43   | 35.71   | 37.52   | 31.66               | 14.42                      |
| 24      | Sikkim              | 0.37    | 0.34    | 0.32    | 0.34    | 0.34                | 0.21                       |
| 25      | Tamil Nadu          | 33.39   | 34.57   | 33.47   | 40.87   | 30.61               | 11.22                      |
| 26      | Telangana           | 15.80   | 14.58   | 12.19   | 12.09   | 12.23               | 5.52                       |
| 27      | Tripura             | 4.37    | 4.26    | 3.35    | 3.70    | 3.53                | 1.95                       |
| 28      | Uttar Pradesh       | 39.30   | 32.55   | 31.12   | 34.52   | 33.65               | 17.09                      |
| 29      | Uttarakhand         | 3.04    | 2.43    | 2.06    | 1.97    | 1.90                | 0.58                       |
| 30      | West Bengal         | 41.40   | 36.42   | 3.79    | 0.02    | 0.00                | 0.00                       |
| 31      | Andaman and Nicobar | 0.0261  | 0.0114  | 0.0129  | 0.0124  | 0.0088              | 0.0027                     |
| 32      | Dn Haveli And Dd    | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0041  | 0.0299              | 0.0099                     |
| 33      | Lakshadweep         | 0.0002  | 0.0001  | 0.0005  | 0.0004  | 0.0000              | 0.0000                     |
| 34      | Puducherry          | 0.1057  | 0.0615  | 0.0830  | 0.2189  | 0.1078              | 0.1147                     |
|         | Total               | 388.68  | 363.09  | 295.51  | 312.17  | 290.60              | 158.09                     |

(As per NREGASoft) and also from the nrega website

Source: Ministry of Rural Development

Annexure-III

Annexure referred to in reply of part (a) to (f) of the Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 1181 due for reply on 08.12.2025

State/UT-wise  physical  achievement  during  the  last  five  years  under  DDU-GKY  and current year, as on October, 2025:

| Sl. No.   | State             | FY 20-21   | FY 20-21   | FY 21-22   |        | 2022-23   | 2022-23   | 2023-24   | 2023-24   | 2024-25   | 2024-25   | 2025-26 till Oct'25 as on 10.11.'25(KB)   | 2025-26 till Oct'25 as on 10.11.'25(KB)   |
|-----------|-------------------|------------|------------|------------|--------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| Sl. No.   | State             | Trained    | Placed     | Trained    | Placed | Trained   | Placed    | Trained   | Placed    | Trained   | Placed    | Trained                                   | Placed                                    |
| 1         | Andhra Pradesh    | 4156       | 2177 1606  |            | 2135   | 18616     | 17070     | 19829     | 18045     | 10328     | 9033      | 8913                                      | 203                                       |
| 2         | Arunachal Pradesh | 28         | 33         | 233        | 71     | 608       | 295       | 678       | 315       | 684       | 265       | 20                                        | 109                                       |
| 3         | Assam             | 1966       | 3296       | 3553       | 916    | 12532     | 6817      | 10615     | 8571      | 5231      | 4127      | 1089                                      | 337                                       |
| 4         | Bihar             | 2687       | 2745       | 7099       | 2491   | 11516     | 9005      | 6733      | 7226      | 1709      | 1885      | 96                                        | 199                                       |
| 5         | Chhattisgarh      | 1109       | 3683       | 6499       | 2883   | 9742      | 8484      | 3045      | 3958      | 1170      | 1759      | 582                                       | 267                                       |
| 6         | Gujarat           | 240        | 875        | 830        | 599    | 2912      | 1450      | 3960      | 2729      | 3544      | 2584      | 1115                                      | 1111                                      |
| 7         | Haryana           | 26         | 1213       | 1772       | 680    | 5554      | 2685      | 8478      | 4882      | 4492      | 3700      | 2719                                      | 1150                                      |
| 8         | Himachal Pradesh  | 0          | 117        | 334        | 10     | 3967      | 2175      | 4324      | 3187      | 3084      | 2273      | 2367                                      | 1395                                      |
| 9         | Jammu and Kashmir | 3454       | 1945       | 2300       | 1102   | 5459      | 2754      | 1177      | 1245      | 1767      | 636       | 1088                                      | 628                                       |
| 10        | Jharkhand         | 1050       | 1879       | 4035       | 1354   | 10228     | 7343      | 11340     | 8157      | 6607      | 4911      | 3014                                      | 1019                                      |
| 11        | Karnataka         | 769        | 1649       | 1442       | 673    | 3757      | 2813      | 3795      | 2656      | 1797      | 1914      | 398                                       | 405                                       |
| 12        | Kerala            | 3053       | 2931       | 3219       | 1097   | 8623      | 5224      | 5212      | 4078      | 3052      | 2572      | 602                                       | 600                                       |
| 13        | Madhya Pradesh    | 903        | 969        | 6825       | 3977   | 15653     | 11287     | 12107     | 10538     | 5097      | 4756      | 2769                                      | 1425                                      |
| 14        | Maharashtra       | 874        | 3319       | 348        | 1612   | 7830      | 4020      | 6381      | 4614      | 7761      | 4347      | 2310                                      | 967                                       |
| 15        | Manipur           | 338        | 387        | 811        | 139    | 1921      | 1266      | 782       | 854       | 263       | 356       | 1363                                      | 374                                       |
| 16        | Meghalaya         | 83         | 158        | 456        | 241    | 2165      | 1353      | 1630      | 1352      | 1642      | 761       | 582                                       | 453                                       |
| 17        | Mizoram           | 37         | 88         | 105        | 94     | 344       | 349       | 725       | 499       | 723       | 474       | 518                                       | 96                                        |
| 18        | Nagaland          | 221        | 278        | 1009       | 614    | 2371      | 1409      | 1714      | 1592      | 804       | 570       | 509                                       | 400                                       |
| 19        | Odisha            | 7978       | 7729       | 10474      | 4828   | 16778     | 13248     | 3997      | 5330      | 947       | 1095      | 1365                                      | 459                                       |
| 20        | Punjab            | 2922       | 1931       | 6976       | 4188   | 8121      | 7020      | 11803     | 8805      | 1979      | 3560      | 4796                                      | 817                                       |
| 21        | Rajasthan         | 981        | 1759       | 3096       | 3130   | 6092      | 6209      | 7233      | 4218      | 5376      | 4532      | 4977                                      | 1005                                      |
| 22        | Sikkim            | 0          | 43         | 90         | 0      | 859       | 384       | 1123      | 720       | 255       | 393       | 119                                       | 8                                         |
| 23        | Tamil Nadu        | 213        | 1286       | 8228       | 2941   | 15225     | 10648     | 13411     | 10206     | 5274      | 4803      | 2613                                      | 753                                       |
| 24        | Telangana         | 2752       | 1436       | 3177       | 2494   | 7094      | 4564      | 92        | 230       | 2560      | 1271      | 2554                                      | 928                                       |
| 25        | Tripura           | 21         | 609        | 1049       | 193    | 2244      | 1189      | 2126      | 1336      | 913       | 694       | 425                                       | 153                                       |
| 26        | Uttar Pradesh     | 1540       | 4068       | 16898      | 3765   | 36567     | 21921     | 45215     | 33458     | 18080     | 16245     | 7408                                      | 2373                                      |
| 27        | Uttarakhand       | 367        | 416        | 3645       | 917    | 8248      | 4409      | 6026      | 5306      | 1894      | 2821      | 1907                                      | 566                                       |
| 28        | West Bengal       | 521        | 2544       | 732        | 2424   | 9596      | 4774      | 4979      | 5979      | 3172      | 1969      | 880                                       | 1017                                      |
| 29        | Puducherry        |            |            | 165        | 44     | 844       | 343       | 956       | 919       | 436       | 444       | 305                                       | 104                                       |
| 30        | A. N Islands      |            |            | 0          | 0      | 133       | 38        | 547       | 225       | 242       | 196       | 95                                        | 94                                        |
|           | Total             | 38289      | 49563      | 97006      | 45612  | 235599    | 160546    | 200033    | 161230    | 100883    | 84946     | 57498                                     | 19415                                     |

Source: Ministry of Rural Development