Lok Sabha Question No. 321 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-12-02
Subject: Productivity of Paddy Yield
Ministry: AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
Asked by: Shri Pradyut Bordoloi

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 321

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 02 ND  DECEMBER, 2025

## PRODUCTIVITY OF PADDY YIELD

321. SHRI PRADYUT BORDOLOI:

Will  the  Minister  of  AGRICULTURE  AND  FARMERS  WELFARE कृ ͪष  एवं  ͩकसान  कãयाण मंğी be pleased to state:

(a) the  details  of  the  data  on  productivity  of  paddy  yields  (kg/ha)  and  of  other  major crops for the latest year for which data are available, State-wise; (b) whether the Government is aware of large inter-State variation in paddy productivity across the North-East; (c) if  so,  the  details  regarding  the  steps  taken  to  increase  paddy  productivity,  if  not, reasons for not undertaking study on paddy productivity of States; and (d) the  details  regarding  the  targeted  measures  (such  as  seed/varietal  programmes, extension  services,  irrigation,  micro-nutrient/soil  care  and  climate-smart  practices)  and State-specific interventions planned to raise yields in low-performing North-Eastern States,

- with expected timelines and budgetary allocations?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE कृ ͪष एवं ͩकसान कãयाण राÏय मंğी (SHRI RAMNATH THAKUR)

(a): The  details  of  the  State-wise  data  on  productivity  of  paddy  (in  terms  of  rice)  and other major crops for the year 2024-25 are given at Annexure . (b)  to  (d):  Agricultural  productivity  is  influenced  by  a  wide  range  of  factors,  including  soil conditions, levels of irrigation, weather, rainfall and temperature scenario, land-holding size, types of seeds being used, manure / fertiliser usage, farming practices etc. These factors contribute to inter-State variation in the productivity of crops. In this regard, the efforts of the State Government are being supplemented through various Schemes of the Government of

- India, which include a comprehensive range of central sector as well as centrally sponsored

schemes  and  programmes.  These  schemes  encompass  entire  spectrum  of  agriculture including  credit,  insurance,  income  support,  infrastructure,  crops  (including  horticulture), seeds,  farm  mechanization,  produce  marketing,  organic  and  natural  farming,  irrigation, extension services, procurement from farmers at minimum support prices, digital agriculture (including  digital  crop  surveys)  etc.  The  details  of  select  major  schemes  pertaining  to agricultural productivity is given as under:

The National Food Security and Nutrition Mission (NFSNM) is implemented in 28 States  and  2  Union  Territories  (UTs),  including  North-Eastern  States.  The  objective  of NFSNM is to  increase  production  of  foodgrains  through  area  expansion  and  productivity enhancement. Under this scheme, the incentives are provided to the farmers, through the States/UTs,  on  crop  production  and    protection  technologies,  cropping  system-based demonstrations, distribution of certified seeds of newly released varieties/hybrids, integrated nutrient  and  pest  management  techniques,  improved  farm  implements/tools/resource conservation  machineries,  water  saving  devices,  capacity  building  of  farmers  through trainings during cropping season, etc. The details of funds released under NFSNM during last three years for the North-Eastern States is as under:

(Rs. in Crore)

| Year    |   Release |
|---------|-----------|
| 2022-23 |     24.03 |
| 2023-24 |     34.49 |
| 2024-25 |     37.71 |

Source: DA&FW

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme, wherein States have been provided flexibility and autonomy for selection, planning, approval and execution of projects under the scheme in areas of Agriculture and allied sectors as per need,  priorities  and  agro-climatic  requirements.  The  funds  are  release  to  the  State Government as Grants-in-Aid on the basis of projects submitted by State Level Sanctioning Committee  Meeting(SLSC)  headed  by  the  Chief  Secretary  of  the  concerned  State. Government of India thereafter approves the project which are duly recommended by the SLSC and fulfill  the  norms  of  the  schematic  guidelines.  It  is  for  the  State  Government  to further implement the scheme in the State as per its priorities in various areas of Agriculture and allied sectors.

From  2015-16  the  funding  pattern  of  RKVY  changed  from  100%  central  share  to  60:40 between  Centre  and  States  whereas  90:10  between  Central  and  North  Eastern  &  3 Himalayan States. For UTs it remains 100% Central share. The details of funds released to the North Eastern States under RKVY during the last three years is as under:

(Rs. in Crore)

| Year    |   Release |
|---------|-----------|
| 2022-23 |    574    |
| 2023-24 |    947.95 |
| 2024-25 |    750.31 |

# For FY 2022-23 to 2024-25 all components of PM-RKVY(Details Project Report (DPR)+Annual Action Plan (AAP) Component), Source: DA&FW

The  Ministry  of  Agriculture  &  Farmers  Welfare  advises  the  States  and  seed producing agencies from time to time to place the breeder seeds indents of newly released High  Yielding  Varieties  (HYVs),  stress  tolerant  varieties  (drought,  flood  and  salinity) including stress tolerant/ climate resilient /smart varieties (to tackle the challenges of climate changes  more  effective  way)  of  different  crops  developed  by  ICAR  Institutes  /State Agricultural  Universities  (SAUs)  etc.  for  further  multiplication  into  foundation  and  certified seeds, so as to  make available required  seeds of  these  crops  varieties  to  the  farmers  to enhance  agricultural  production,  productivity  and  also  to  help  farmers'  profitability  in  the country.

The  Government  of  India  is  promoting  mechanization  with  the  specific  aim  of increasing  the  reach  of  farm  mechanization  to  small  and  marginal  farmers  and  to  the regions  where  availability  of  farm  power  is  low.  It  also  aims  at  promoting  'Custom  Hiring Centers' to offset the adverse economies of scale arising due to small land holding and high cost of individual ownership. In this regard, a Centrally Sponsored Scheme 'Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanization' (SMAM) is being implemented through the State Governments, including North Eastern States w.e.f. 2014-15. Under SMAM, financial assistance is being provided  for  purchase  of  agricultural  machines  and  equipments,  including  tractors,  to  the farmers  on  individual  ownership  basis  and  for  establishment  of  Custom  Hiring  Centre (CHC)/High Tech Hub/Farm Machinery Bank (FMB).

National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) implements strategies to make Indian  agriculture  more  resilient  to  the  changing  climate.  Several  schemes  under  NMSA deal with adverse climate situations in agriculture. Per Drop More Crop scheme increases water  use  efficiency  at  the  farm  level  through  Micro  Irrigation  technologies  i.e.  drip  and sprinkler  irrigation  systems.  Rainfed  Area  Development  scheme  promotes  Integrated Farming  System  (IFS)  for  enhancing  productivity  and  minimizing  risks  associated  with climatic variability. The Soil Health Card (SHC) / Soil Health Management (SHM) scheme is operational through the State Governments under the National Project on Management of Soil Health & Fertility. SHC provides information to farmers on soil nutrient status of their soil and recommends appropriate dosage of nutrients to be applied for improving soil health and  fertility.  Mission  for  Integrated  Development  of  Horticulture  (MIDH),  Agroforestry  & National Bamboo Mission also promote climate resilience in agriculture.

Further,  to  increase  the  paddy  productivity,  ICAR-Central  Rice  Research  Institute (CRRI), Cuttack has developed and  released five varieties (CR Dhan-307, CR Dhan-310, CR Dhan-311, CR Dhan-801 and CR Dhan-802) for Assam State under area extension and supplied  breeder  seeds  to  state  seed  agencies,  enabling  production  and  distribution  of certified  and  truthful-labelled  (TL)  seeds  to  farmers.  In  2024,  a  total  of  10,000  kg  of  TL seeds from eight improved varieties, along with local Joha and Bora rice, were distributed to more  than  600  farmers  across  multiple  districts.  To  accelerate  adoption,  Front  Line Demonstrations  (FLDs)  were  conducted  in  Lakhimpur,  Dhemaji,  Kamrup,  Nalbari  and Goalpara districts, showcasing climate-smart varieties (CR Dhan 801 and 802), bio-fortified lines  (CR  Dhan  310  and  311),  aromatic  CR  Dhan  909  and  high-yielding  CR  Dhan  307. These efforts were supported by awareness programmes, field days and farmer-scientist interactions, ensuring effective dissemination of high yielding, climate-resilient and nutritionally enhanced varieties along with technical guidance for improved crop management. The planned interventions to raise rice yields in low-performing North-Eastern States focus on strengthening varietal adoption, improving seed delivery systems, modernizing  crop  management,  expanding  extension  support,  etc.  These  interventions collectively  aim  to  improve  productivity,  resilience  and  income  levels  across  the  NorthEastern rice-farming communities.

## Annexure

State-wise productivity of major agricultural crops for the year 2024-25

|                   | Productivity (Kg/Hectare)   | Productivity (Kg/Hectare)   | Productivity (Kg/Hectare)   | Productivity (Kg/Hectare)   | Productivity (Kg/Hectare)   | Productivity (Kg/Hectare)   | Productivity (Kg/Hectare)   |
|-------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|
| State             | Rice                        | Wheat                       | Maize                       | Tur                         | Gram                        | Urad                        | Moong                       |
| Andhra Pradesh    | 3928                        | -                           | 6510                        | 475                         | 1063                        | 1225                        | 907                         |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 1856                        | 1975                        | 1583                        | 893                         | -                           | 963                         | 1044                        |
| Assam             | 2225                        | 1349                        | 4743                        | 865                         | 877                         | 675                         | 829                         |
| Bihar             | 2561                        | 3145                        | 6101                        | 1558                        | 1045                        | 979                         | 595                         |
| Chhattisgarh      | 2655                        | 1599                        | 3241                        | 595                         | 1018                        | 370                         | 378                         |
| Gujarat           | 2410                        | 3017                        | 1858                        | 1162                        | 1841                        | 787                         | 923                         |
| Haryana           | 3766                        | 4774                        | 3716                        | 1180                        | 1688                        | 529                         | 912                         |
| Himachal Pradesh  | 2080                        | 2120                        | 2650                        | 869                         | 1020                        | 710                         | 490                         |
| Jharkhand         | 1894                        | 2201                        | 2418                        | 1177                        | 1173                        | 879                         | 834                         |
| Karnataka         | 3344                        | 1255                        | 3234                        | 572                         | 597                         | 587                         | 427                         |
| Kerala            | 2923                        | -                           | 3117                        | 1533                        | -                           | 722                         | 814                         |
| Madhya Pradesh    | 2345                        | 3163                        | 2884                        | 842                         | 1558                        | 722                         | 1189                        |
| Maharashtra       | 2299                        | 1922                        | 2922                        | 1160                        | 1031                        | 833                         | 640                         |
| Manipur           | 2465                        | 2320                        | 2216                        | 1210                        | 1200                        | 1100                        | 800                         |
| Meghalaya         | 2592                        | 1790                        | 2265                        | 1305                        | 1078                        | -                           | -                           |
| Mizoram           | 1709                        | -                           | 1893                        | 680                         | -                           | -                           | -                           |
| Nagaland          | 1736                        | 1840                        | 2008                        | 946                         | 845                         | 826                         | 1129                        |
| Odisha            | 2485                        | 1796                        | 3071                        | 1566                        | 855                         | 431                         | 479                         |
| Punjab            | 4428                        | 5123                        | 4303                        | 1261                        | 1188                        | 580                         | 890                         |
| Rajasthan         | 2593                        | 3559                        | 2658                        | 903                         | 1215                        | 365                         | 516                         |
| Sikkim            | 1242                        | 1160                        | 1793                        | -                           | -                           | 945                         | -                           |
| Tamil Nadu        | 3288                        |                             | 5487                        | 677                         | 926                         | 465                         | 290                         |
| Telangana         | 3627                        | 1973                        | 5860                        | 934                         | 1762                        | 1462                        | 705                         |
| Tripura           | 3185                        | 2172                        | 2118                        | 823                         | 779                         | 796                         | 726                         |
| Uttar Pradesh     | 2824                        | 3714                        | 2880                        | 1238                        | 1354                        | 704                         | 851                         |
| Uttarakhand       | 2710                        | 3310                        | 2743                        | 1178                        | 845                         | 918                         | 837                         |
| West Bengal       | 2865                        | 3130                        | 6999                        | 1800                        | 1240                        | 742                         | 875                         |
| All India         | 2929                        | 3595                        | 3590                        | 836                         | 1218                        | 710                         | 719                         |

## State-wise productivity of major agricultural crops for the year 2024-25

|                   | Productivity (Kg/Hectare)   | Productivity (Kg/Hectare)   | Productivity (Kg/Hectare)   | Productivity (Kg/Hectare)   | Productivity (Kg/Hectare)   | Productivity (Kg/Hectare)   |
|-------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|
| State             | Groundnut                   | Soybean                     | Rapeseed &Mustard           | Sugarcane                   | Cotton                      | Jute                        |
| Andhra Pradesh    | 1151                        | 1321                        | 705                         | 90242                       | 476                         | -                           |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 941                         | 1423                        | 1045                        | 21563                       | -                           | -                           |
| Assam             | -                           | -                           | 788                         | 42336                       | 79                          | 2151                        |
| Bihar             | 1133                        | 812                         | 1204                        | 63091                       |                             | 2576                        |
| Chhattisgarh      | 1112                        | 904                         | 441                         | 55930                       | 302                         | -                           |
| Gujarat           | 2657                        | 1523                        | 1871                        | 72651                       | 513                         | -                           |
| Haryana           | 1066                        | -                           | 2146                        | 81382                       | 502                         | -                           |
| Himachal Pradesh  | 950                         | 790                         | 810                         | 15440                       | -                           | -                           |
| Jharkhand         | 1219                        | 1187                        | 883                         | 75130                       | -                           | 2731                        |
| Karnataka         | 961                         | 1294                        | -                           | 89000                       | 570                         | -                           |
| Kerala            | 1497                        | -                           | 987                         | 83360                       | 1495                        | -                           |
| Madhya Pradesh    | 2207                        | 917                         | 1322                        | 57090                       | 486                         | -                           |
| Maharashtra       | 1448                        | 1453                        | 403                         | 94230                       | 304                         | -                           |
| Manipur           | 1100                        | 820                         | 960                         | 48690                       | -                           | -                           |
| Meghalaya         | -                           | 1929                        | 940                         | 3017                        | 144                         | 1581                        |
| Mizoram           | -                           | 1176                        | 1420                        | 27110                       |                             |                             |
| Nagaland          | 1050                        | 1262                        | 1102                        | 43280                       | 600                         | 1905                        |
| Odisha            | 2096                        | -                           | 342                         | 51338                       | 586                         | 2806                        |
| Punjab            | 1710                        | -                           | 1766                        | 82050                       | 439                         | -                           |
| Rajasthan         | 2024                        | 1089                        | 1552                        | 79977                       | 484                         | -                           |
| Sikkim            | -                           | -                           | 870                         | -                           | -                           | -                           |
| Tamil Nadu        | 2439                        | 1130                        | 235                         | 102000                      | 350                         | -                           |
| Telangana         | 2106                        | 1884                        | 799                         | 93064                       | 543                         | -                           |
| Tripura           | 1475                        | -                           | 897                         | 56404                       | 272                         | 1619                        |
| Uttar Pradesh     | 1100                        | 967                         | 1474                        | 81165                       | 336                         | -                           |
| Uttarakhand       | 1505                        | 1454                        | 1055                        | 84659                       | -                           | -                           |
| West Bengal       | 3045                        | 750                         | 1250                        | 66580                       | 850                         | 2948                        |
| All India         | 2073                        | 1179                        | 1463                        | 83416                       | 440                         | 2807                        |

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