Lok Sabha Question No. 716 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2026-02-04
Subject: Research and Development Projects on Renewable Energy
Ministry: NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
Asked by: Shri Bastipati Nagaraju

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 716

ANSWERED ON 04.02.2026

## RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS ON RENEWABLE ENERGY

716. SHRI BASTIPATI NAGARAJU

Will the MINISTER OF NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of the total number of renewable energy related Research and Development (R&D) projects supported by the Government till date, State, year and sector-wise;
- (b)   the details of the funds allocated and disbursed for such R&D projects especially in Andhra Pradesh, project-wise;
- (c)   the details of technologies developed and indigenous renewable energy systems and devices developed till date, project and State-wise;
- (d)  whether the Government has received any proposals from Andhra Pradesh for R&D projects in renewable energy during the last five years; and
- (e)  if so, the details of the total number of proposals approved thereof?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY AND POWER (SHRI SHRIPAD YESSO NAIK)

- (a) & (b) As per records available in MNRE, a total number of 42 research and development projects are being supported during the period FY 2021-22 to FY 2025-26. The State, year and sector-wise details for such R&D projects are given in Annexure-I . No funds have been allocated or disbursed specifically for Andhra Pradesh.

In addition, Department of Science and Technology (DST) has also supported 16 numbers of R&D projects in the field of renewable energy.

- (c)   The specific details of technologies developed and indigenous renewable energy systems and devices developed from of R&D projects are placed at Annexure-II.
- (d)  &  (e)  R&D  proposals  are  received  from  academic  institutions  across  the  country,  and  after  due diligence, proposals have been sanctioned to various institutions such as IIT Bombay, IIT Roorkee, IIT Jodhpur, IIT Madras, National Institute of Solar Energy, National Institute of Wind Energy, and National Institute of Bio-Energy etc., However, none of the institutes are located in Andhra Pradesh.

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## Annexure-I referred to in reply of parts (a) of the Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 716 to be answered on 04.02.2026

## 1. Under Renewable Energy Research and Technology Development (RE-RTD) Programme

|   S. No. | Project Title                                                                                                                                                | Year (Date of sanction)   | Location                                             | Sector/theme      |
|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|
|        1 | National Centre for Photovoltaic Research and Education (NCPRE) - Phase III',                                                                                | 10.11.2022                | IIT Bombay Maharashtra                               | Solar PV          |
|        2 | National Primary Standard Facility for Solar Cell Calibration,                                                                                               | 27.06.2017                | CSIR NPL Delhi                                       | Solar PV          |
|        3 | Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells and Intermediate Module',                                                                                                    | 28.02.2019                | IIT Bombay Maharashtra                               | Solar PV          |
|        4 | Scale-up of Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells (Phase I)',                                                                                                        | 18.12.2024                | IIT Bombay Maharashtra                               | Solar PV          |
|        5 | Perovskite Solar Modules',                                                                                                                                   | 18.12.2024                | IIT Bombay Maharashtra                               | Solar PV          |
|        6 | Centre of Excellence titled 'Research and development of Ultra Low head and Hydrokinetic Turbines and performance prediction of small hydro turbine models', | 29.03.2023                | IIT Roorkee Uttarakhand                              | Small Hydro       |
|        7 | Biomass Gasification through Plasma Pyrolysis Technology for Chemical Production,                                                                            | 24.03.2022                | IIT Roorkee Uttarakhand                              | Waste to Energy   |
|        8 | Densification and co-firing of Agro-waste for power generation through gasification',                                                                        | 24.03.2022                | SSS-NIBE Punjab                                      | Waste to Energy   |
|        9 | Green Hydrogen Mobility Projects at Leh',                                                                                                                    | 01.11.2022                | NTPC, Ladakh (UT)                                    | Hydrogen Energy   |
|       10 | Design & development of 20kW Low Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (LTPEMFC) with high indigenous Content'                                  | 25.03.2019                | ARCI-CFCT Hyderabad, Telangana                       | Hydrogen Energy   |
|       11 | Setting Up of a Centre of Excellence on Hydrogen Energy at National Institute of Solar Energy',                                                              | 28.02.2019                | NISE Gurugram Haryana                                | Hydrogen Energy   |
|       12 | Pilot Integrated Commercial Geothermal Energy of 450 kW by retrofitting unproductive oil and gas wells: Raageswari Gas field, Barmer, Rajasthan',            | 01.08.2025                | IIT Madras Tamandu                                   | Geothermal Energy |
|       13 | Harnessing of geothermal energy from Arunachal Himalaya',                                                                                                    | 25.07.2025                | CESHS (Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh) Arunachal Pradesh | Geothermal Energy |
|       14 | Demonstration of power generation using integrated Solar- Geothermal energies',                                                                              | 14.08.2025                | PDEU Gandhinagar Gujarat                             | Geothermal Energy |
|       15 | APilot Project on Study and Testing of Shallow Geothermal Energy Potential in India',                                                                        | 19.08.2025                | IIT Delhi Delhi                                      | Geothermal Energy |

|   16. | Design and Development of Geothermal Cooling for Air Conditioning System in 20x20x10 ft Room',                                                              | 19.08.2025   | OTBI-Osmania University Hyderabad, Telangana   | Geothermal Energy            |
|-------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|------------------------------------------------|------------------------------|
|    17 | Demonstrating Innovative, Reliable, Efficient and Cost competitive 500 kW Tidal Power Plant in Arunachal Pradesh,                                           | 17.12.2025   | CESHSand Tidal Sail Arunachal Pradesh          | Tidal Energy                 |
|    18 | Design and Development of Power Back up of 1kWh based on Sodium ion Cell operable at sub-Zero temperature for Solar street/home UPS,                        | 31.12.2025   | IIT Roorkee Uttarakhand                        | Energy Storage               |
|    19 | Next Generation Energy Storage: Industrial scale manufacturing of Low-Cost High Temperature Latent Heat Storage Using Chloride Salts as the Storage medium, | 19.12.2025   | IIT Jodhpur Rajasthan                          | Solar Thermal Energy Storage |

## 2. Under National Green Hydrogen Mission

A  list  of  the  23  projects  sanctioned  in  FY  2024-25,  along  with  their  sector/theme,  is  placed  below  for information:

|   Sl. No. | Project Title                                                                                                                             | Location                  | Sector / Theme           |
|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------|--------------------------|
|         1 | Development and Demonstration of Direct Injection Hydrogen Fuelled Internal Combustion Engines (H2ICE) for Heavy Duty Commercial Vehicles | Pune, Maharashtra         | Applications             |
|         2 | Development of retrofitted kit for H2ICE Application                                                                                      | Gurugram, Haryana         | Applications             |
|         3 | Development and Demonstration of Hydrogen-fuelled Internal Combustion Engine for Agricultural Tractor                                     | Chennai, Tamil Nadu       | Applications             |
|         4 | Prototype Development of a Highly Efficient Compression Ignition Hydrogen Engine for Agriculture Sector                                   | Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh     | Applications             |
|         5 | Development of hydrogen-powered high-power-density fuel cell drone for oil& gas applications                                              | Guwahati, Assam           | Applications             |
|         6 | Development of Fuel-cell powered high-endurance UAVs                                                                                      | Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu    | Applications             |
|         7 | Design, Development and Manufacturing of Indigenous Solid Oxide System for Electrolyser and Fuel Cell                                     | Bengaluru, Karnataka      | Applications             |
|         8 | Green Hydrogen Generation via Direct Seawater Electrolysis                                                                                | Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu     | Production (Non-Biomass) |
|         9 | Supramolecular Approach to Improve Stability of Alkaline Electrolyser Membranes                                                           | Chennai, Tamil Nadu       | Production (Non-Biomass) |
|        10 | Integrated Heat Management for Energy-Efficient Direct Seawater Desalination                                                              | Pune, Maharashtra         | Production (Non-Biomass) |
|        11 | Development of High-Performance PEM Membranes                                                                                             | Vadodara, Gujarat         | Production (Non-Biomass) |
|        12 | Clean Hydrogen: Enhancing Biohydrogen Purity                                                                                              | Sekkalakottai, Tamil Nadu | Production (Biomass)     |
|        13 | Synergistic Biohythane Production                                                                                                         | Pune, Maharashtra         | Production (Biomass)     |
|        14 | Technology Demonstration Plant for Green Hydrogen from Biomass Pyrolysis + Gasification                                                   | Mumbai, Maharashtra       | Production (Biomass)     |

|   Sl. No. | Project Title                                                                   | Location                   | Sector / Theme       |
|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------|
|        15 | Biomass to Green Hydrogen: 100 kg/day Demonstration                             | Pilani, Rajasthan          | Production (Biomass) |
|        16 | Pilot Plant for Hydrogen Production from Agricultural Waste                     | Bara Phool, Punjab         | Production (Biomass) |
|        17 | AI-based Smart Sensors for Real-time Hydrogen Leak Detection                    | Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala | Safety               |
|        18 | AI-Driven Insights into Global Hydrogen Incidents                               | Patiala, Punjab            | Safety               |
|        19 | Spontaneous Combustion Behaviour of Pressurised Hydrogen Leaks                  | Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh    | Safety               |
|        20 | Causal Analysis and Machine Learning for Risk Prediction in Hydrogen Facilities | Delhi                      | Safety               |
|        21 | Electronic Hydrogen Leak Detector using MEMS Nanofibres                         | Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala | Safety               |
|        22 | CFD Modelling in FLACS-Hydrogen for Safety Assessment                           | Gurugram, Haryana          | Safety               |
|        23 | Hydrogen Explosions - Developing Phenomenological Models                        | Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh    | Safety               |

All  the  above  projects  were  sanctioned  in  FY  2024-25  and  are  currently  at  the  initial  stages  of development. As such, no project outcomes or technology developments have been reported so far.

## 3. Under the Department of Science and Technology (DST)

The Call for proposal solicited proposals across India including Andhra Pradesh with thrust R&D area focus on solar energy and blending of biomass for FY 2020-21 to 2024-25 are as follows: -

| State             | FY 2020-21   | 2021-22   | 2022-23   | 2023-24   | 2024-25   |
|-------------------|--------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
| Karnataka         | 1            | 4         |           | 1         | 1         |
| Tamil Nadu        | 3            | 7         |           | 2         | 3         |
| Delhi             | 1            | 3         | 1         | 1         | 1         |
| Haryana           | 1            |           |           |           | 1         |
| Kerala            | 1            |           | 1         |           |           |
| Rajasthan         |              | 2         |           |           |           |
| UP                |              | 2         |           |           | 2         |
| Punjab            |              | 2         |           |           | 1         |
| Odisha            |              | 2         |           |           |           |
| Maharashtra       |              | 5         |           |           |           |
| Telangana         |              | 1         |           | 2         |           |
| Uttarakhand       |              | 2         |           |           |           |
| West Bengal       |              | 5         |           |           | 1         |
| Assam             |              | 2         |           |           | 2         |
| MP                |              | 1         |           |           |           |
| Gujrat            |              | 1         |           |           | 1         |
| Chhattisgarh      |              |           |           |           | 1         |
| Mizoram           |              |           |           |           | 1         |
| Arunachal Pradesh |              |           |           |           | 1         |
| Total             | 7            | 39        | 2         | 6         | 16        |

Annexure-II Annexure-referred to in reply of parts (c) of the Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 716 to be answered

## on 04.02.2026

|   S. NO. | Name of project/Institutions                                                                    | State       | Technology Developed                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
|----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|        1 | National Centre for Photovoltaic Research and Education (NCPRE) - Phase III', IIT Bombay (IITB) | Maharashtra | The National Centre for Photovoltaics Research & Education (NCPRE), a centre of Excellence in solar energy has made significant achievements in the area of solar research and development. The following technologies developed • Advanced PV testing, reliability, and material technologies, • developed an IoT-based I - V tracer, fast QE setup, • low-cost albedometer, and non-destructive EQE system. • Developed perovskite - silicon tandem cells with 29.14% efficiency and CdTe tandems with 24.2% power conversion efficiency and 3,000-hour stability • Developed SiC-based inverters and reliability algorithms. Following instruments are developed and then commercialized by the instrument makers , • Thermal Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), costing ~INR 50Lacs which can replace the imported ones (~INR 1.5-2 Crore) • Ozone cleaner - commercialized by Indian manufacturer and exporting even to the USA. • Laser Scriber - commercialized by an Indian manufacturer and then sold globally, including Singapore, and ISRO. Imported INR 2 Crore and our product sold in ~INR 50Lacs. • Laser Beam Induced Current (LBIC) - Currently developed and is in the marketing stage |
|        2 | National Primary Standard Facility for Solar Cell Calibration, CSIR NPL                         | Delhi       | National Primary Standard facility for cell calibration by NPLCSIR- NPL has established India's first National Primary Standard Facility for Solar Cell Calibration, making India the fifth country with a World Photovoltaic Scale (WPVS)- recognized setup. The Laser-based Differential Spectral Responsivity (L-DSR) system, developed with PTB Germany, achieves a world-leading 0.35% uncertainty (highest accuracy), enhancing precision and self-reliance in solar metrology.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
|        3 | Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells and Intermediate Module', IIT Bombay                            | Maharashtra | In the area of perovskite solar cell, IIT Bombay has developed world second highest efficiency cell with 26% against world efficiency of 27%. The institute is now working on establishing a production line to scale up this technology. Additionally, IITB has achieved 30.2% power conversion efficiency for four- terminal Perovskites Silicon tandem cell.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |

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| 4.                                                                                                                                                                                                              | Green Hydrogen Mobility Projects at Leh', NTPC                                                                                                                                                                  | Ladakh (UT)                                                                                                                                                                                                     | The NTPC Green Hydrogen Mobility Project in Leh, India's first fully operational green hydrogen-based mobility initiative, integrates a 1.70 MWsolar plant with a system producing 80 kg of hydrogen per day. Five hydrogen fuel cell buses with 200 km range operate successfully in high-altitude conditions, demonstrating the technology's reliability. Commissioned in November 2024, the project marks a major achievement in renewable energy and sustainable transport integration.   |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 5.                                                                                                                                                                                                              | Design & development of 20kW Low Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (LTPEMFC) with high indigenous Content', ARCI - CFCT                                                                        | ARCI, IIT Madras Research Park, Tamil Nadu                                                                                                                                                                      | The project achieved the design of a 20 kW LT-PEM fuel cell stack with 95% indigenous components and demonstrated a scalable 100 kW system. It established India's first automated PEM fuel cell pilot line (100 kW/year capacity), achieved 5000 hours durability with over 45% efficiency, and reduced costs to ₹2 lakh/kW. Two patents have been filed, and the project has laid a strong foundation for the indigenous commercialization of fuel cell technologies                        |
| Under the Department of Science and Technology (DST) R&D projects, Micro solar domes, Solar panel cleaning systems and lab scale high efficiency solar devices have been developed from the supported projects. | Under the Department of Science and Technology (DST) R&D projects, Micro solar domes, Solar panel cleaning systems and lab scale high efficiency solar devices have been developed from the supported projects. | Under the Department of Science and Technology (DST) R&D projects, Micro solar domes, Solar panel cleaning systems and lab scale high efficiency solar devices have been developed from the supported projects. | Under the Department of Science and Technology (DST) R&D projects, Micro solar domes, Solar panel cleaning systems and lab scale high efficiency solar devices have been developed from the supported projects.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |