Lok Sabha Question No. 226 (STARRED), answered on 2016-08-02
Subject: Land under Cultivation
Ministry: AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
Asked by: PINAKI MISRA, RAGHAV LAKHANPAL

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, COOPERATION & FARMERS WELFARE

## LOK  SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 226

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 2 ND  AUGUST, 2016

## LAND UNDER CULTIVATION

- *226.  SHRI PINAKI MISRA: SHRI RAGHAV LAKHANPAL:

Will  the  Minister  of  AGRICULTURE  AND FARMERS WELFARE कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण ½ãâ¨ããè be pleased to state:

- (a) the  area  under  cultivation  including  the  percentage  of  sown  area  dependent  on monsoon during the last two Plans periods and the current year, State/UT-wise;
- (b) whether  there  are  reports  of  extensive  fragmentation  in  land  holdings,  change  in land  use  from  agriculture  to  nonagricultural  purposes  and  decline  in  farm  land  in  the country and if so, the extent thereof during the said period, State/UT-wise;
- (c) whether decline in cultivable area has an adverse impact on agricultural production and if so, the details thereof;
- (d) whether the Government has taken steps to address the problems of agriculture in small and fragmented land-holdings and promote co-operative farming and if so, the details thereof and the success achieved therein; and
- (e) the steps taken/proposed to be taken by the Government to expand the cultivable land and the outcome thereof ?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE

½ãâ¨ããè (SHRI RADHA MOHAN

कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण SINGH)

- (a) to (e): A statement is laid on the Table of the House.

## STATEMENT  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PARTS  (a)  TO  (e)  OF  LOK  SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 226   DUE FOR REPLY ON 2 ND  AUGUST, 2016.

- (a): State/UT-wise details of  average area under cultivation(cultivable land) alongwith percentage of net sown area dependent on monsoon rainfall (rain fed area) during the last two Plan Periods i.e. 2002-03 to 2006-07, 2007-08 to 2011-12 and the same for the year 2013-14 (latest available) are at  Annexures I(A) & I(B).
- (b): As per report on Agriculture Census for 2010-11(latest available), the average size of  operational  holding  has  declined  from  1.33  ha  in  2000-01  to  1.15  ha  in  2010-11. State/UT-wise details of average size of land holding during 2000-01, 2005-06 and 2010-11 are at Annexure II.  State/UT-wise details of change in area put to non-agriculture uses and decline in farm land (cultivable land) between tenth plan period average and 2013-14 are at Annexure III.

(c) & (d): Since  agriculture  is  a  State  subject,  it  is  responsibility  of  States  to  take necessary  steps  for  holistic  development  of  agriculture  and  improve  the  conditions  of farmers based on local needs and priorities.  Government of India supplements the efforts of the State Governments through assistance under different Crop Development Schemes /Progammes.  In order to boost agricultural production and productivity of agricultural crops, Government of India is implementing through State Governments various Crop Development  Schemes/  Programmes  such  as  National  Food  Security  Mission  (NFSM), Rashtriya  Krishi  Vikas  Yojana  (RKVY),  Pradhan  Mantri  Krishi  Sinchai  Yojana  (PMKSY), National  Mission  on  Oilseeds  and  Oil  Palm  (NMOOP),  Bringing  Green  Revolution  to Eastern India (BGREI), National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) etc.

Despite  marginal  decline  in  the  cultivable  area,  the  agricultural  production  in  the country  has  been  increasing  except  in  the  years  affected  by  drought,  floods,  and  other natural calamities.

Under the crop  development Schemes/Programmes of the government, funds  are provided to States for implementation of State-specific agricultural strategies including use of  quality  seeds,  Integrated  Nutrient  Management  (INM),  Integrated  Pest  Management (IPM),  Farm  mechanization,  issuance  of  Soil  Health  Cards  etc.  The  States  are  also provided support for creation of agricultural infrastructure for optimal use of water and other natural resources. All these initiatives are oriented towards small and marginal farmers in the country.

Further,  small  and  marginal  farmers  are  encouraged  to  organize  themselves  into registered Self-help Groups (SHGs), Cooperatives, Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) etc.  to  derive  benefit  of  economies  of  scale  in  farming  operations.  Such  groups  are  also provided credit for agricultural activities as Joint Liability Groups(JLGs)

(e): As per Seventh Schedule of Constitution of India, land comes under the purview of State Government and, therefore, it is for the State Governments to take suitable steps to check diversion of agricultural land for non-agricultural purposes.

In order to bring additional area under cultivable land, Ministry of Rural Development is implementing an Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) for development of rainfed/degraded areas. From 2015-16, the IWMP has been converted as the Watershed Component of the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY).

Government  of India is also implementing National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture  (NMSA)  with  a  view  to  prevent  soil  erosion,  land  degradation  and  also  to maintain balance in various types of land uses across the country. Under this Mission, all type of land including wasteland/barren land are developed with suitable need based soil and water conservation measures and partly such  degraded lands developed  are put to agricultural uses.

## Annexure referred in reply to Part (a) of Q. No. 226 due for reply on 02.08.2016

State-wise details of average area under cultivation (Cultivable land)

| STATES/Uts                       | Average Area Under Cultivation/ Cultivable Land (Thousand Hectares)   | Average Area Under Cultivation/ Cultivable Land (Thousand Hectares)   | Average Area Under Cultivation/ Cultivable Land (Thousand Hectares)   |
|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
| STATES/Uts                       | 10th Plan (2002-03 to 2006- 07)                                       | 11th Plan (2007-08 to 2011- 12)                                       | 2013-14 (P)                                                           |
| ANDHRA PRADESH (incl. Telangana) | 15804                                                                 | 15901                                                                 | 15808                                                                 |
| ARUNACHAL PRADESH                | 397                                                                   | 423                                                                   | 424                                                                   |
| ASSAM                            | 3224                                                                  | 3212                                                                  | 3217                                                                  |
| BIHAR                            | 6639                                                                  | 6607                                                                  | 6578                                                                  |
| CHHATTISGARH                     | 5594                                                                  | 5574                                                                  | 5550                                                                  |
| GOA                              | 197                                                                   | 197                                                                   | 197                                                                   |
| GUJARAT                          | 12413                                                                 | 12620                                                                 | 12661                                                                 |
| HARYANA                          | 3771                                                                  | 3716                                                                  | 3645                                                                  |
| HIMACHAL PRADESH                 | 812                                                                   | 817                                                                   | 811                                                                   |
| JAMMU & KASHMIR                  | 1050                                                                  | 1053                                                                  | 1070                                                                  |
| JHARKHAND                        | 4299                                                                  | 4288                                                                  | 4336                                                                  |
| KARNATAKA                        | 12904                                                                 | 12874                                                                 | 12846                                                                 |
| KERALA                           | 2351                                                                  | 2299                                                                  | 2279                                                                  |
| MADHYA PRADESH                   | 17349                                                                 | 17304                                                                 | 17267                                                                 |
| MAHARASHTRA                      | 21242                                                                 | 21135                                                                 | 21127                                                                 |
| MANIPUR                          | 230                                                                   | 291                                                                   | 384                                                                   |
| MEGHALAYA                        | 1057                                                                  | 1054                                                                  | 1056                                                                  |
| MIZORAM                          | 330                                                                   | 389                                                                   | 402                                                                   |
| NAGALAND                         | 652                                                                   | 673                                                                   | 693                                                                   |
| ODISHA                           | 7404                                                                  | 6953                                                                  | 6797                                                                  |
| PUNJAB                           | 4258                                                                  | 4222                                                                  | 4219                                                                  |
| RAJASTHAN                        | 25624                                                                 | 25569                                                                 | 25542                                                                 |
| SIKKIM                           | 98                                                                    | 98                                                                    | 98                                                                    |
| TAMIL NADU                       | 8178                                                                  | 8137                                                                  | 8120                                                                  |
| TRIPURA                          | 303                                                                   | 277                                                                   | 277                                                                   |
| UTTARAKHAND                      | 1509                                                                  | 1548                                                                  | 1550                                                                  |
| UTTAR PRADESH                    | 19275                                                                 | 19143                                                                 | 18955                                                                 |
| WEST BENGAL                      | 5808                                                                  | 5691                                                                  | 5662                                                                  |
| ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS        | 47                                                                    | 27                                                                    | 28                                                                    |
| CHANDIGARH                       | 2                                                                     | 2                                                                     | 2                                                                     |
| DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI             | 24                                                                    | 24                                                                    | 24                                                                    |
| DAMAN & DIU                      | 3                                                                     | 4                                                                     | 3                                                                     |
| DELHI                            | 57                                                                    | 53                                                                    | 53                                                                    |
| LAKSHADWEEP                      | 3                                                                     | 2                                                                     | 2                                                                     |
| PUDUCHERRY                       | 31                                                                    | 30                                                                    | 30                                                                    |
| ALL INDIA                        | 182938                                                                | 182209                                                                | 181713                                                                |

Note: (P): Provisional

Source: Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare

Annexure I (B) State-wise percentage of average net area sown dependent on rainfall

average net area sown

| STATES/Uts                       | Percentage of average net Un-Irrigated/ Rainfed Area over average net area sown   | Percentage of average net Un-Irrigated/ Rainfed Area over average net area sown   | Percentage of average net Un-Irrigated/ Rainfed Area over average net area sown   |
|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| STATES/Uts                       | 10th Plan (2002-03 to 2006- 07)                                                   | 11th Plan (2007-08 to 2011- 12)                                                   | 2013-14 ( P)                                                                      |
| ANDHRA PRADESH (incl. Telangana) | 60.80                                                                             | 55.89                                                                             | 53.52                                                                             |
| ARUNACHAL PRADESH                | 75.45                                                                             | 73.73                                                                             | 74.67                                                                             |
| ASSAM                            | 94.91                                                                             | 94.28                                                                             | 94.26                                                                             |
| BIHAR                            | 41.37                                                                             | 40.41                                                                             | 44.16                                                                             |
| CHHATTISGARH                     | 75.21                                                                             | 71.20                                                                             | 68.79                                                                             |
| GOA                              | 82.82                                                                             | 73.36                                                                             | 70.29                                                                             |
| GUJARAT                          | 62.75                                                                             | 58.64                                                                             | 58.91                                                                             |
| HARYANA                          | 16.02                                                                             | 15.89                                                                             | 16.19                                                                             |
| HIMACHAL PRADESH                 | 80.00                                                                             | 79.99                                                                             | 79.77                                                                             |
| JAMMU & KASHMIR                  | 58.50                                                                             | 57.16                                                                             | 56.36                                                                             |
| JHARKHAND                        | 91.71                                                                             | 90.84                                                                             | 85.06                                                                             |
| KARNATAKA                        | 73.28                                                                             | 67.57                                                                             | 65.07                                                                             |
| KERALA                           | 81.89                                                                             | 80.83                                                                             | 80.63                                                                             |
| MADHYA PRADESH                   | 61.95                                                                             | 53.52                                                                             | 38.69                                                                             |
| MAHARASHTRA                      | 81.30                                                                             | 81.30                                                                             | 81.31                                                                             |
| MANIPUR                          | 77.60                                                                             | 79.08                                                                             | 81.81                                                                             |
| MEGHALAYA                        | 72.80                                                                             | 77.47                                                                             | 76.09                                                                             |
| MIZORAM                          | 84.16                                                                             | 89.55                                                                             | 86.28                                                                             |
| NAGALAND                         | 79.03                                                                             | 77.33                                                                             | 76.09                                                                             |
| ODISHA                           | 68.80                                                                             | 67.04                                                                             | 72.30                                                                             |
| PUNJAB                           | 3.75                                                                              | 1.86                                                                              | 0.04                                                                              |
| RAJASTHAN                        | 63.91                                                                             | 63.27                                                                             | 58.12                                                                             |
| SIKKIM                           | 87.96                                                                             | 81.35                                                                             | 81.35                                                                             |
| TAMIL NADU                       | 47.86                                                                             | 41.71                                                                             | 43.17                                                                             |
| TRIPURA                          | 75.01                                                                             | 76.71                                                                             | 76.71                                                                             |
| UTTARAKHAND                      | 54.96                                                                             | 53.97                                                                             | 53.20                                                                             |
| UTTAR PRADESH                    | 21.21                                                                             | 18.88                                                                             | 15.91                                                                             |
| WEST BENGAL                      | 42.33                                                                             | 40.77                                                                             | 40.79                                                                             |
| ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS        | 99.96                                                                             | 98.91                                                                             | 98.92                                                                             |
| CHANDIGARH                       | 34.29                                                                             | 26.12                                                                             | 26.12                                                                             |
| DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI             | 67.95                                                                             | 74.99                                                                             | 77.12                                                                             |
| DAMAN & DIU                      | 100.00                                                                            | 100.00                                                                            | 100.00                                                                            |
| DELHI                            | 11.71                                                                             | 1.13                                                                              | 0.00                                                                              |
| LAKSHADWEEP                      | 100.00                                                                            | 100.00                                                                            | 100.00                                                                            |
| PUDUCHERRY                       | 14.10                                                                             | 15.94                                                                             | 12.44                                                                             |
| ALL INDIA                        | 57.69                                                                             | 54.85                                                                             | 52.09                                                                             |

Note: (P): Provisional

Source: Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare

## Annexure referred to in reply to part (b) of Lok Sabha Starred Q. No. 226 due for reply on 02.08.2016

State-wise average size of operational holdings in the country as per Agriculture Censuses 2000-01, 2005-06 and 2010-11

(Area in ha.)

| Sl.No.    | States/UTs                | Average size of operational holdings   | Average size of operational holdings   | Average size of operational holdings   |
|-----------|---------------------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|
| Sl.No.    | States/UTs                | 2000-01 *                              | 2005-06 *                              | 2010-11                                |
| 1         | Andaman & Nicobar Islands | 2.00                                   | 1.88                                   | 1.85                                   |
| 2         | Andhra Pradesh            | 1.25                                   | 1.20                                   | 1.08                                   |
| 3         | Arunachal Pradesh         | 3.69                                   | 3.33                                   | 3.51                                   |
| 4         | Assam                     | 1.15                                   | 1.11                                   | 1.10                                   |
| 5         | Bihar                     | 0.58                                   | 0.43                                   | 0.39                                   |
| 6         | Chandigarh                | 1.44                                   | 1.09                                   | 1.29                                   |
| 7         | Chattisgarh               | 1.60                                   | 1.51                                   | 1.36                                   |
| 8         | Dadra & Nagar Haveli      | 1.48                                   | 1.43                                   | 1.38                                   |
| 9         | Daman & Diu               | 0.59                                   | 0.50                                   | 0.38                                   |
| 10        | Delhi                     | 1.52                                   | 1.49                                   | 1.45                                   |
| 11        | Goa                       | 0.84                                   | 1.15                                   | 1.14                                   |
| 12        | Gujarat                   | 2.33                                   | 2.20                                   | 2.03                                   |
| 13        | Haryana                   | 2.32                                   | 2.23                                   | 2.25                                   |
| 14        | Himachal Pradesh          | 1.07                                   | 1.04                                   | 0.99                                   |
| 15        | Jammu & Kashmir           | 0.67                                   | 0.67                                   | 0.62                                   |
| 16        | Jharkhand                 | NA                                     | NA                                     | 1.17                                   |
| 17        | Karnataka                 | 1.74                                   | 1.63                                   | 1.55                                   |
| 18        | Kerala                    | 0.24                                   | 0.23                                   | 0.22                                   |
| 19        | Lakshadweep               | 0.27                                   | 0.27                                   | 0.27                                   |
| 20        | Madhya Pradesh            | 2.22                                   | 2.02                                   | 1.78                                   |
| 21        | Maharashtra               | 1.66                                   | 1.46                                   | 1.44                                   |
| 22        | Manipur                   | 1.15                                   | 1.14                                   | 1.14                                   |
| 23        | Meghalaya                 | 1.30                                   | 1.18                                   | 1.37                                   |
| 24        | Mizoram                   | 1.24                                   | 1.22                                   | 1.14                                   |
| 25        | Nagaland                  | 7.28                                   | 6.93                                   | 6.02                                   |
| 26        | Orissa                    | 1.25                                   | 1.15                                   | 1.04                                   |
| 27        | Pondicherry               | 0.70                                   | 0.78                                   | 0.66                                   |
| 28        | Punjab                    | 4.03                                   | 3.95                                   | 3.77                                   |
| 29        | Rajasthan                 | 3.65                                   | 3.38                                   | 3.07                                   |
| 30        | Sikkim                    | 1.57                                   | 1.48                                   | 1.42                                   |
| 31        | Tamil Nadu                | 0.89                                   | 0.83                                   | 0.80                                   |
| 32        | Tripura                   | 0.56                                   | 0.50                                   | 0.49                                   |
| 33        | Uttar Pradesh             | 0.83                                   | 0.80                                   | 0.76                                   |
| 34        | Uttaranchal               | 0.95                                   | 0.92                                   | 0.89                                   |
| 35        | West Bengal               | 0.82                                   | 0.79                                   | 0.77                                   |
| All India |                           | 1.33                                   | 1.23                                   | 1.15                                   |

## Annexure referred in reply to Part (b) of Q. No. 226 due for reply on 02.08.2016

State-wise details of change in Average Agricultural land and land for Non- Agricultural Uses from 10th Plan period to 2013-14  (latest available year)

## (Thousand Hectares)

| STATES/Uts                       |   Change in average agricultural Land during 10th plan (2002-03 to 2006-07) to 2013-14 |   Change in average area put to non- agricultural uses during 10th plan (2002-03 to 2006-07) to 2013-14 |
|----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| ANDHRA PRADESH (incl. Telangana) |                                                                                      4 |                                                                                                     291 |
| ARUNACHAL PRADESH                |                                                                                     27 |                                                                                                       7 |
| ASSAM                            |                                                                                     -7 |                                                                                                     144 |
| BIHAR                            |                                                                                    -60 |                                                                                                      67 |
| CHHATTISGARH                     |                                                                                    -44 |                                                                                                      64 |
| GOA                              |                                                                                      0 |                                                                                                       0 |
| GUJARAT                          |                                                                                    248 |                                                                                                      22 |
| HARYANA                          |                                                                                   -125 |                                                                                                     102 |
| HIMACHAL PRADESH                 |                                                                                      0 |                                                                                                     -83 |
| JAMMU & KASHMIR                  |                                                                                     21 |                                                                                                     -26 |
| JHARKHAND                        |                                                                                     36 |                                                                                                     -48 |
| KARNATAKA                        |                                                                                    -58 |                                                                                                      92 |
| KERALA                           |                                                                                    -72 |                                                                                                      88 |
| MADHYA PRADESH                   |                                                                                    -82 |                                                                                                     226 |
| MAHARASHTRA                      |                                                                                   -116 |                                                                                                      66 |
| MANIPUR                          |                                                                                    153 |                                                                                                       0 |
| MEGHALAYA                        |                                                                                     -1 |                                                                                                      19 |
| MIZORAM                          |                                                                                     72 |                                                                                                     -34 |
| NAGALAND                         |                                                                                     41 |                                                                                                      19 |
| ODISHA                           |                                                                                   -607 |                                                                                                     221 |
| PUNJAB                           |                                                                                    -38 |                                                                                                      52 |
| RAJASTHAN                        |                                                                                    -83 |                                                                                                      98 |
| SIKKIM                           |                                                                                      0 |                                                                                                       3 |
| TAMIL NADU                       |                                                                                    -58 |                                                                                                      80 |
| TRIPURA                          |                                                                                    -26 |                                                                                                       6 |
| UTTARAKHAND                      |                                                                                     41 |                                                                                                      68 |
| UTTAR PRADESH                    |                                                                                   -319 |                                                                                                     382 |
| WEST BENGAL                      |                                                                                   -145 |                                                                                                     165 |
| ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS        |                                                                                    -19 |                                                                                                     -14 |
| CHANDIGARH                       |                                                                                      0 |                                                                                                       0 |
| DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI             |                                                                                      0 |                                                                                                       0 |
| DAMAN & DIU                      |                                                                                      0 |                                                                                                       0 |
| DELHI                            |                                                                                     -4 |                                                                                                       1 |
| LAKSHADWEEP                      |                                                                                      0 |                                                                                                       0 |
| PUDUCHERRY                       |                                                                                     -2 |                                                                                                       1 |
| ALL INDIA                        |                                                                                  -1225 |                                                                                                    2079 |

Source: Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare

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