Lok Sabha Question No. 742 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-07-21
Subject: Pollution by Power Plants
Ministry: POWER
Asked by: B.V. NAYAK

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF POWER

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.742 TO BE ANSWERED ON 21.07.2016

## POLLUTION BY POWER PLANTS

742. SHRI B.V. NAIK:

Will the Minister of POWER be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  level  of  pollution  is  increasing  in  the  country  due  to  high emission  of  Carbon  Dioxide  (CO2)  from  thermal  power  plants,  if  so,  the  details thereof during the last three years, Statewise and year-wise and the steps taken/ being taken by the Union Government to check it;
- (b) whether it is also a fact that the coal based power plants in the country need

highest amount of water in the world due to which those plants have been placed at the lowest level in the grading; and

- (c) if  so,  the  steps  taken/being  taken  by  the  Union  Government  for  their improvement?

## A N S W E R

THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR POWER, COAL, NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY AND MINES

( SHRI  PIYUSH GOYAL )

(a) : As  per Central Electricity Authority (CEA)  data, the total  CO2 emissions from Indian power sector during last three years are as under: -

| Year    |   Total CO 2 Emission in Million Tonnes of CO 2 |   Specific CO 2 emission of Coal based Plants in Kg/kWh |
|---------|-------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|
| 2012-13 |                                           696.3 |                                                    1.04 |
| 2013-14 |                                           727.4 |                                                    1.03 |
| 2014-15 |                                           805.4 |                                                    1.01 |

Carbon  di-oxide  (CO 2 )  emissions  from  thermal  power  plants,  Statewise and Year -wise are Annexed.

The  steps  taken  for  reducing  CO 2   emissions  from  thermal  power plants  include-  adoption  of  more  efficient  Supercritical  Technology  for  thermal power generation resulting in less specific coal consumption (Kg/KWh) and lower CO2  emissions; phased retirement of in-efficient and old thermal power generation units (capacity of about 4740.64 MW has already been retired as on 30.06.2016); a target  of  175  GW  capacity  from  renewable  energy  sources  by  2022;  facilitating Public  Sector  Utilities  to  replace  old  inefficient  coal  based  thermal  units  with supercritical units by formulating  a policy on automatic transfer of Coal linkage to more efficient units.

………2.

As  a  result,  the  specific  CO 2   emissions  from  these  plants  have reduced from 1.04   kg/kWh to 1.01 kg/kWh during last three years. (b) & (c) : The  consumptive  water  requirement  of  coal  based  power  plant depends upon various factors, such as, quality of raw water, type of condenser cooling system, ash content of coal, type of ash disposal system, quantum of ash utilization and waste water management etc. Coal based power stations in India require  relatively  higher  quantity  of  consumptive  water  because  of  high  ash content of Indian coals and high ambient temperature conditions.

The  Government  has  taken  various  steps  to  reduce  the  water consumption  in  thermal  generation,  which  include  -use  of  closed  cycle  cooling water system and high level of Cycle of Concentration (COC) to reduce the water requirement; installation  of  Ash  Water  Recirculation  System(AWRS);  Installation of  Dry  fly  ash  collection  system/  High  Concentration  Slurry  System(HCSS); installation  of  Waste  water  treatment  &Zero  water  discharge  system.  Govt.  of India has also notified new Tariff policy on 28.01.2016 wherein it is mandated that the thermal power plant(s) located within 50 km radius of sewage treatment plant of  Municipality/  local  bodies/  similar  organization  shall,  in  the  order  of  their closeness  to  sewage  treatment  plant,  mandatorily  use  treated  sewage  water produced by these bodies.

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ANNEX REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 742 TO BE ANSWERED IN THE LOK SABHA ON 21.07.2016.

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## STATE WISE  SPECIFIC CO2 EMISSION IN kg CO2/kWh OF ELECTRICITY GENERATION

## FROM THERMAL POWER PLANTS (COAL/GAS/DIESEL)

|   Sl No. | STATE                                        |   2012-13 Sp. CO2 emission kgCO2/kWh |   2013-14 Sp. CO2 emission kgCO2/kWh |   2014-15 Sp. CO2 emission kgCO2/kWh |
|----------|----------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|
|        1 | ANDHRA PRADESH                               |                                 0.91 |                                 0.95 |                                 0.96 |
|        2 | ASSAM (Gas Thermal Power Stations)           |                                 0.67 |                                 0.67 |                                 0.66 |
|        3 | BIHAR                                        |                                 0.98 |                                 0.99 |                                 0.98 |
|        4 | CHATTISGARH                                  |                                 1    |                                 1    |                                 0.99 |
|        5 | DELHI {Gas/Coal (Predominantly Gas)}         |                                 0.81 |                                 0.82 |                                 0.74 |
|        6 | GOA (Gas Thermal Power Station)              |                                 0.69 |                                 0.59 |                                 0.55 |
|        7 | GUJARAT                                      |                                 0.9  |                                 0.92 |                                 0.92 |
|        8 | HARYANA                                      |                                 0.98 |                                 0.94 |                                 0.93 |
|        9 | JAMMU & KASHMIR (Gas Thermal Power Station)  |                                 0    |                                 0    |                                 0    |
|       10 | JHARKHAND                                    |                                 1.12 |                                 1.11 |                                 1.08 |
|       11 | KARNATAKA                                    |                                 0.98 |                                 0.99 |                                 0.98 |
|       12 | KERALA (Gas & Diesel Thermal Power Stations) |                                 0.58 |                                 0.59 |                                 0.58 |
|       13 | MADHYA PRADESH                               |                                 1.12 |                                 1.08 |                                 1.01 |
|       14 | MAHARASHTRA                                  |                                 0.99 |                                 1.02 |                                 1.02 |
|       15 | MANIPUR (Diesel Thermal Power Station)       |                                 0    |                                 0    |                                 0    |
|       16 | ORISSA                                       |                                 1.01 |                                 1    |                                 0.98 |
|       17 | Station)                                     |                                 0.63 |                                 0.59 |                                 0.66 |
|       18 | PUNJAB                                       |                                 1.02 |                                 1.09 |                                 1.03 |
|       19 | RAJASTHAN                                    |                                 1.05 |                                 1.05 |                                 1.05 |
|       20 | TAMIL NADU                                   |                                 1.17 |                                 1.14 |                                 1.13 |
|       21 | TRIPURA (Gas Thermal Power Stations)         |                                 0.8  |                                 0.65 |                                 0.55 |
|       22 | UTTAR PRADESH                                |                                 1    |                                 1    |                                 1    |
|       23 | WEST BENGAL                                  |                                 1.09 |                                 1.08 |                                 1.07 |

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2014-15