Lok Sabha Question No. 446 (STARRED), answered on 2026-03-24
Subject: Rurban Clusters under SPMRM
Ministry: RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: Shri Dilip Saikia, Shri Shashank Mani

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 446 ANSWERED ON 24/03/2026

## RURBAN CLUSTERS UNDER SPMRM

- *446. Shri Dilip Saikia: Shri Shashank Mani:

Will the Minister of RURAL DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) the  details  of  Rurban  clusters  approved  under  the  Shyama Prasad Mukherji Rurban Mission (SPMRM) indicating Phase I and Phase II separately, State and district-wise including Chhattishgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha particularly Jalore and Sirohi districts of Rajasthan, Dewas, Shajapur and Shahdol Lok Sabha Constituencies of Madhya Pradesh;
- (b) the total number of gram panchayats and villages covered under these clusters, State and district-wise including the said places;
- (c) the  criteria  adopted  for  selection  of  clusters  particularly  in Aspirational Districts and Left Wing Extremism affected areas, including  consideration  for  economically  backward areas and rural growth centres including in Madhya Pradesh;
- (d) whether any mid-term evaluation has been undertaken to assess that the selected clusters are economically viable and strategically located; and
- (e) if so, the details of such evaluation and its findings particularly with  respect  to  clusters  benefitted  including  in  Dewas  and Shajapur Lok Sabha Constituencies?

ANSWER MINISTER OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT (SHRI SHIVRAJ SINGH CHOUHAN)

- (a) to (e):       A statement is laid on the Table of the House.

STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (a) to (e) OF LOK SABHA  STARRED  QUESTION  NO.  *446  TO  BE  ANSWERED  ON 24.03.2026 REGARDING 'RURBAN CLUSTERS UNDER SPMRM'

- (a) & (b): Under the Shyama  Prasad  Mukherji  Rurban  Mission (SPMRM), 196 Rurban clusters covering 1851 Gram Panchayats were approved in Phase-I and Phase-II.  The details of the Rurban Clusters, State & District wise approved in Phase-I & II is at Annexure-1. No cluster under SPMRM was approved in Phase-I and Phase-II in Lok Sabha  Constituencies  Dewas,  Shajapur  and  Shahdol  of  Madhya Pradesh.
- (c): Two categories of clusters were made under the SPMRM i.e. Non-Tribal and Tribal clusters.   The criteria of selection under tribal and  non-tribal  differs  slightly.    The  criteria  adopted  for  selecting potential locations for developing urban clusters in non-tribal areas was as follows:
- i. Decadal growth in rural population,
- ii. Decadal growth in non-farm work participation,
- iii. Presence of economic clusters,
- iv. Presence of places of tourism and religious significance.
- v. Proximity to transport corridors.

The selection criteria for tribal clusters were as under:

- i. Decadal growth in tribal population,
- ii. Current tribal literacy rate,
- iii. Decadal growth in non-farm workforce participation,
- iv. Decadal growth in rural population
- v. Presence of economic clusters

Among both these categories of clusters the States were given the freedom to further select the clusters of specific criteria and assign them weightage as per guidelines.

- (d) & (e): Under  SPMRM,  mid-term  evaluation  of  Rurban  clusters have been undertaken by universities/ institutes for different zones to assess  if  the  broad  objectives  of  SPMRM  have  been  met.  These studies were undertaken during the implementation of SPMRM. The details of the evaluation undertaken is given at Annexure-II.

The SPMRM was a unique program designed to deliver catalytic interventions to rural areas experiencing growth. The mission was based  on  an  understanding  that  in  rural  areas,  a  cluster  showing growth and urbanizing potential can be treated as an integrated unit

for overall economic development. Since, the Rurban clusters under the  Mission  were  identified  as  per  specific  criteria  (may  refer  to cluster  selection  criteria  in  part  c)  after  considering  economic viability  and  strategic  locations.  Since  economically  viability  and strategic location of a cluster have been built in the design of the programme as a selection criteria, it was not required to be covered as part of the evaluation.  The districts of Dewas and Shahjapur were not part of Phase -I or Phase -II of SPMRM. Hence, were not part of any evaluation studies.

*****

## Annexure referred to in reply to parts (a) & (b) of Lok Sabha Starred Question No. 446 to be answered on 24.03.2026 Rurban Clusters approved in Phase-I (101 Clusters)

| State name        | District name   | Cluster name           | Block name     | Category                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | Cluster type   |   No. of GP |
|-------------------|-----------------|------------------------|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|-------------|
| Andhra pradesh    | Anantapur       | Kambadur               | Kambadur       | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Horticulture Cluster,                                                                                                                                                      | Non- tribal    |          12 |
| Andhra pradesh    | Chittoor        | Kuppam                 | Kuppam         | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster,                                                                                                                                                                            | Non- tribal    |           8 |
| Andhra pradesh    | Prakasam        | Singarayakonda         | Singarayakonda | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster,                                                                                                                               | Non- tribal    |           7 |
| Andhra pradesh    | Spsr nellore    | Venkatachalam          | Venkatachalam  | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                                                                                        | Non- tribal    |          18 |
| Andhra pradesh    | Visakhapatanam  | Arakuvalley            | Araku valley   | Agriculture Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                                                                                                                                      | Tribal         |          11 |
| Arunachal pradesh | Upper siang     | Tuting cluster         | Tuting         | Tourism Cluster                                                                                                                                                                                                            | Tribal         |           6 |
| Assam             | Kamrup          | Hajo rurban cluster    | Hajo           | Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                                                                                           | Non- tribal    |           3 |
| Assam             | Karbi anglong   | Bokajan rurban cluster | Bokajan        | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster, Warehousing Cluster, | Tribal         |           5 |
| Bihar             | Gaya            | Nauranga               | Manpur         | Tourism Cluster                                                                                                                                                                                                            | Non- tribal    |           4 |

| Bihar                                    | Patna                  | Bairiya      | Sampatchak               | Agriculture Cluster                                            | Non- tribal   |   3 |
|------------------------------------------|------------------------|--------------|--------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|-----|
| Bihar                                    | Rohtas                 | Kuchhila     | Kochas                   | Agriculture Cluster                                            | Non- tribal   |   4 |
| Bihar                                    | Saharsa                | Sonbarsa     | Sonbarsa                 | Agriculture Cluster                                            | Non- tribal   |   4 |
| Chhattisgarh                             | Bastar                 | Madpal       | Jagdalpur                | Agriculture Cluster                                            | Tribal        |  13 |
| Chhattisgarh                             | Dhamtari               | Loharsi      | Dhamtari                 | Agriculture Cluster                                            | Non- tribal   |  14 |
| Chhattisgarh                             | Kabirdham              | Kunda        | Pandariya                | Agriculture Cluster                                            | Non- tribal   |  18 |
| Chhattisgarh                             | Rajnandgaon            | Murmunda     | Dongarghar               | Agriculture Cluster                                            | Tribal        |  14 |
| Dadra and nagar haveli and daman and diu | Dadra and nagar haveli | Sayli        | Dadra nagar haveli       | Agriculture Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Tourism Cluster, | Non- tribal   |   7 |
| Goa                                      | South goa              | Xeldem       | Quepem                   | Agriculture Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                          | Non- tribal   |  11 |
| Gujarat                                  | Arvalli                | Shamalaji    | Bhiloda                  | Agriculture Cluster                                            | Tribal        |   2 |
| Gujarat                                  | Banas kantha           | Ambaji       | Danta                    | Manufacturing Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                        | Tribal        |   1 |
| Gujarat                                  | Devbhumi dwarka        | Vadinar      | Khambhalia               | Tourism Cluster                                                | Non- tribal   |  14 |
| Gujarat                                  | Morbi                  | Ravapar      | Morvi                    | Manufacturing Cluster                                          | Non- tribal   |   5 |
| Haryana                                  | Ambala                 | Mullana      | Barara                   | Agriculture Cluster                                            | Non- tribal   |  14 |
| Haryana                                  | Fatehabad              | Samain       | Tohana                   | Agriculture Cluster                                            | Non- tribal   |   9 |
| Haryana                                  | Jhajjar                | Badli        | Badli                    | Agriculture Cluster                                            | Non- tribal   |  19 |
| Haryana                                  | Jind                   | Uchana khurd | Uchana                   | Agriculture Cluster                                            | Non- tribal   |  15 |
| Haryana                                  | Karnal                 | Balla        | 1.assandh 2.munak        | Agriculture Cluster                                            | Non- tribal   |   5 |
| Haryana                                  | Rewari                 | Kosli        | 1.khol at rewari 2.nahar | Agriculture Cluster                                            | Non- tribal   |  17 |
| Himachal pradesh                         | Kinnaur                | Sangla       | Kalpa                    | Agriculture Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                          | Tribal        |   7 |
| Himachal pradesh                         | Solan                  | Hinner       | Kandaghat                | Agriculture Cluster, Horticulture Cluster,                     | Non- tribal   |   7 |

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| Jammu and kashmir   | Jammu           | Gole gujral                         | Marh                   | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                        | Non- tribal   |   2 |
|---------------------|-----------------|-------------------------------------|------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|-----|
| Jharkhand           | Dhanbad         | Palani                              | Baliapur               | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster,                                                                  | Non- tribal   |   7 |
| Jharkhand           | East singhbum   | Dharambahal                         | Ghatshila              | Agriculture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster,                                                                                                | Tribal        |   2 |
| Jharkhand           | Giridih         | Bhandaridih                         | Giridih                | Tourism Cluster, Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster,           | Non- tribal   |  10 |
| Karnataka           | Belagavi        | Kangrali                            | Belagavi               |                                                                                                                                            | Non- tribal   |   4 |
| Karnataka           | Bengaluru urban | Haragadde                           | Anekal                 | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                        | Non- tribal   |   4 |
| Karnataka           | Vijayanagar     | 114 danapura                        | Hosapete               | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster,         | Tribal        |   2 |
| Kerala              | Ernakulam       | Puthenvelikkara - kunnukara cluster | 1.alangad 2.parakkadav | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, | Non- tribal   |   2 |
| Kerala              | Kannur          | Mangattidom - kottayam cluster      | Kuthuparamba           | Agriculture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Services Cluster,                                                                              | Non- tribal   |   2 |
| Kerala              | Kottayam        | Puthuppally - manarcad cluster      | 1.pallom 2.pampady     | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                            | Non- tribal   |   2 |

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| Kerala                    | Thiruvananthapuram Vellanad - aryanad cluster   | Vellanad        | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster,   | Non- tribal   | 2   |
|---------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|-----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|-----|
| Ladakh Leh ladakh         | Spituk cluster Leh                              | Tourism Cluster | Tribal                                                                                                                                   | 3             |     |
| Madhya pradesh Bhopal     | Gunga                                           | Berasia         | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, Warehousing                                    | Non- tribal   | 13  |
| Madhya pradesh Bhopal     | Ratibad                                         | Phanda          | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                               | Non- tribal   | 13  |
| Madhya pradesh Chhatarpur | Achhat                                          | Chhatarpur      | Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster,                                                                 | Non- tribal   | 12  |
| Madhya pradesh Chhindwara | Delakhadi                                       | Tamia           | Organic Farming Cluster Tribal                                                                                                           | 9             |     |
| Madhya pradesh Indore     | Nawdapanth                                      | Indore          | Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Services Cluster, Non- tribal                                                            |               | 7   |
| Madhya pradesh Indore     | Simrol                                          | Mhow            | Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster,                                                                                  | Non- tribal   | 5   |
| Madhya pradesh Seoni      | Kanhiwada Seoni                                 |                 | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster,                                                                                           | Tribal        | 7   |
| Maharashtra Aurangabad    | Jogeshwari                                      | Gangapur        | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                      | Non- tribal   | 5   |

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| Maharashtra   | Beed             | Shirsala       | Parali v .                    | Agriculture Cluster, Services Cluster,                                                                                                | Non- tribal   |   19 |
|---------------|------------------|----------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|------|
| Maharashtra   | Buldhana         | Sultanpur      | Lonar                         | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                   | Non- tribal   |   13 |
| Maharashtra   | Jalgaon          | Hartala        | Muktainagar                   | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                      | Tribal        |    6 |
| Maharashtra   | Jalna            | Ashti          | Partur                        | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                   | Non- tribal   |   14 |
| Maharashtra   | Nagpur           | Wadoda         | Kamptee                       | Agriculture Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                               | Non- tribal   |   19 |
| Maharashtra   | Pune             | Loni kalbhor   | Haveli                        | Services Cluster                                                                                                                      | Non- tribal   |    7 |
| Manipur       | Thoubal          | Khangabok      | 1.thoubal 2.wangjing cd block | Education Health Cluster                                                                                                              | Non- tribal   |    6 |
| Meghalaya     | North garo hills | Chisim apal    | 1.jampui hills 2.resubelpara  | Agriculture Cluster, Horticulture Cluster,                                                                                            | Tribal        |   28 |
| Mizoram       | Aizawl           | Aibawk         | Aibawk                        | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Tourism Cluster, Warehousing Cluster, | Non- tribal   |   11 |
| Nagaland      | Peren            | Pedi (ngwalwa) | 1.jalukie 2.peren             | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster,                     | Tribal        |    6 |
| Odisha        | Cuttack          | Talabasta      | Banki- dampara                | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                   | Non- tribal   |    5 |
| Odisha        | Jharsuguda       | Samasingha     | Kolabira                      |                                                                                                                                       | Non- tribal   |    6 |
| Odisha        | Kalahandi        | Utkela         | Kesinga                       | Manufacturing Cluster                                                                                                                 | Tribal        |    4 |
| Odisha        | Khordha          | Ranipada       | Banapur                       | Tourism Cluster                                                                                                                       | Non- tribal   |    4 |

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| Odisha     | Mayurbhanj             | Thakurmunda       | Thakurmunda                |                                                                                                                                                             | Tribal      |   3 |
|------------|------------------------|-------------------|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|
| Punjab     | Amritsar               | Harsha chhina     | Harshe chhina              | Agriculture Cluster, Horticulture Cluster,                                                                                                                  | Non- tribal |  18 |
| Punjab     | Bathinda               | Dhapali           | Phul                       | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                         | Non- tribal |  21 |
| Rajasthan  | Barmer                 | Majiwala          | Baltora                    | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                                             | Non- tribal |   5 |
| Rajasthan  | Bharatpur              | Jurehera          | Kaman                      | Education Health Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                                                                  | Non- tribal |   9 |
| Rajasthan  | Jodhpur                | Salawas           | Luni                       | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Services Cluster,                                                                                            | Non- tribal |   6 |
| Rajasthan  | Nagaur                 | Budsoo            | Makrana                    | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Services Cluster,                                                                                            | Non- tribal |   7 |
| Rajasthan  | Udaipur                | Gogunda           | Gogunda                    | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster,                                                                                                              | Tribal      |   2 |
| Sikkim     | East district          | Namcheybong       | Pakyong                    | Tourism Cluster, Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, | Non- tribal |   4 |
| Tamil nadu | Coimbatore             | Madukkarai        | Madukkarai                 | Manufacturing Cluster                                                                                                                                       | Non- tribal |   9 |
| Tamil nadu | Sivaganga              | Vaniyangudi       | 1.kalaiyarkoil 2.sivaganga | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                         | Non- tribal |   7 |
| Tamil nadu | Thiruvallur            | Kuthambakkam      | Poonamallee                | Manufacturing Cluster                                                                                                                                       | Non- tribal |  11 |
| Tamil nadu | Tirunelveli            | Suthamalli        | Manur                      | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                         | Non- tribal |  14 |
| Tamil nadu | Tiruppur               | Velayuthampalayam | 1.avanashi 2.uttukkuli     | Manufacturing Cluster                                                                                                                                       | Non- tribal |   6 |
| Telangana  | Kamareddy              | Jukkal            | Jukkal                     | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                         | Non- tribal |  33 |
| Telangana  | Kumuram bheem asifabad | Chirrakunta       | Asifabad                   | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                         | Tribal      |  27 |

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| Telangana     | Sangareddy          | Ryakal           | Narayankhed   | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                                                                            | Non- tribal   |   51 |
|---------------|---------------------|------------------|---------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|------|
| Telangana     | Vikarabad           | Allapur.s        | Tandur        | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                                                                            | Non- tribal   |   33 |
| Tripura       | Sepahijala          | Nirbhoypur       | Kathalia      | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster, Warehousing                                              | Non- tribal   |   14 |
| Tripura       | South tripura       | Hrishyamukh      | Hrishyamukh   | Cluster, Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster, | Non- tribal   |   15 |
| Uttar pradesh | Chitrakoot          | Kasahai          | Karwi         | Agriculture Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                                                                                                                          | Non- tribal   |   15 |
| Uttar pradesh | Chitrakoot          | Mau mustakil     | Mau           | Agriculture Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                                                                                                                          | Non- tribal   |   15 |
| Uttar pradesh | Firozabad           | Rudhahu mustakil | Tundla        | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Services Cluster,                                                                                                                         | Non- tribal   |    5 |
| Uttar pradesh | Gautam buddha nagar | Chitehera        | Dadri         | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster,          | Non- tribal   |   11 |

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|               |             |                                  |                   | Warehousing Cluster,                                                                                                     |             |    |
|---------------|-------------|----------------------------------|-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|----|
| Uttar pradesh | Ghaziabad   | Dasna dehat                      | Rajapur           | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, | Non- tribal |  1 |
| Uttar pradesh | Kushi nagar | Bansgaon                         | Dudhahi           | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                        | Non- tribal |  5 |
| Uttar pradesh | Lucknow     | Juggaur cluster                  | Chinhat           | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Services Cluster,                                  | Non- tribal | 10 |
| Uttar pradesh | Mirzapur    | Patehara kala urf kubri patehara | Patehra           | Agriculture Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Services Cluster, Warehousing Cluster,                                        | Non- tribal | 15 |
| Uttarakhand   | Dehradun    | Ranipokhari                      | Doiwala           | Agriculture Cluster, Horticulture Cluster,                                                                               | Non- tribal | 11 |
| Uttarakhand   | Haridwar    | Bhagtanpur abidpur               | Bahadrabad        | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                      | Non- tribal |  7 |
| West bengal   | Bankura     | Molian                           | Hirbandh          | Horticulture Cluster, Services Cluster,                                                                                  | Tribal      |  1 |
| West bengal   | Hooghly     | Chandrahati-i                    | Chinsurah- magrah | Agriculture Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                            | Non- tribal |  1 |
| West bengal   | Hooghly     | Garalgachha                      | Chanditala-ii     | Agriculture Cluster, Services Cluster,                                                                                   | Non- tribal |  1 |

| West bengal                  | Hooghly                      | Jayerdwarbasini              | Pandua                       | Agriculture Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster,   | Non- tribal                  |   1 |
|------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------|-----|
| West bengal                  | Hooghly                      | Kshirkundi- namajgram-niyasa | Pandua                       | Services Cluster                                                                        | Non- tribal                  |   1 |
| West bengal                  | Howrah                       | Jalabiswanathpur             | Panchla                      | Agriculture Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster,   | Non- tribal                  |   1 |
| West bengal                  | Howrah                       | Parbatipur                   | Domjur                       | Agriculture Cluster, Services Cluster,                                                  | Non- tribal                  |   1 |
| Total GP Covered in phase -I | Total GP Covered in phase -I | Total GP Covered in phase -I | Total GP Covered in phase -I | Total GP Covered in phase -I                                                            | Total GP Covered in phase -I | 935 |

## Rurban Clusters approved in Phase-II (95 Clusters)

| State name                  | District name   | Cluster name          | Block name                | Category                                                 | Cluster type   |   No. of GPs |
|-----------------------------|-----------------|-----------------------|---------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|----------------|--------------|
| Andaman and nicobar islands | South andamans  | Ferrargunj            | 1.ferrargunj 2.prothrapur | Agriculture Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Tourism Cluster, | Non- tribal    |           19 |
| Andhra pradesh              | Guntur          | Nuzendla              | Nuzendla                  | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster,          | Non- tribal    |           23 |
| Andhra pradesh              | Krishna         | Chandarlapadu         | Chandarlapadu             | Agriculture Cluster                                      | Non- tribal    |           14 |
| Andhra pradesh              | Kurnool         | Alur                  | Alur                      | Agriculture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster,              | Non- tribal    |           11 |
| Andhra pradesh              | Srikakulam      | Sompeta               | Sompeta                   | Agriculture Cluster                                      | Non- tribal    |           11 |
| Andhra pradesh              | Vizianagaram    | Garividi              | Garividi                  | Agriculture Cluster                                      | Non- tribal    |           20 |
| Andhra pradesh              | Y.s.r.          | Nandalur              | Nandalur                  | Agriculture Cluster                                      | Non- tribal    |           12 |
| Arunachal pradesh           | West kameng     | Nafra rurban cluster  | Nafra                     | Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster,          | Tribal         |           14 |
| Assam                       | Cachar          | Kalain rurban cluster | Kalain                    | Animal Husbandary Cluster, Fisheries Cluster,            | Non- tribal    |            3 |

|                                          |                    |                             |                         | Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster,                                               |             |    |
|------------------------------------------|--------------------|-----------------------------|-------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|----|
| Assam                                    | Lakhimpur          | Bihpuria rurban cluster     | 1.bihpuria 2.narayanpur | Agriculture Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, | Non- tribal |  3 |
| Assam                                    | Lakhimpur          | Dhakuwakhana rurban cluster | Dhakuakhana             | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster,                     | Tribal      |  3 |
| Bihar                                    | Pashchim champaran | Barwat pasrain              | Bettiah                 | Agriculture Cluster                                                                        | Non- tribal |  4 |
| Bihar                                    | Purnia             | Khokha                      | Srinagar                | Agriculture Cluster                                                                        | Non- tribal |  4 |
| Bihar                                    | Samastipur         | Kariyan                     | Shivaji nagar           | Animal Husbandary Cluster                                                                  | Non- tribal |  3 |
| Chhattisgarh                             | Janjgir- champa    | Jetha                       | Sakti                   | Agriculture Cluster                                                                        | Non- tribal | 11 |
| Chhattisgarh                             | Kanker             | Badekapsi                   | Koilebeda               | Agriculture Cluster                                                                        | Tribal      |  5 |
| Chhattisgarh                             | Korba              | Hardibazar                  | Pali                    | Agriculture Cluster                                                                        | Tribal      |  4 |
| Chhattisgarh                             | Korea              | Sonhat                      | Sonhat                  | Agriculture Cluster                                                                        | Non- tribal | 20 |
| Chhattisgarh                             | Mahasamund         | Bhnwarpur                   | Basna                   | Agriculture Cluster                                                                        | Non- tribal | 14 |
| Chhattisgarh                             | Surguja            | Raghunathpur                | Lundra                  | Agriculture Cluster                                                                        | Tribal      |  4 |
| Dadra and nagar haveli and daman and diu | Daman              | Moti daman                  | Daman                   | Education Health Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                               | Non- tribal |  4 |
| Goa                                      | North goa          | Saligao                     | Bardez                  | Agriculture Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                    | Non- tribal |  6 |
| Gujarat                                  | Mahesana           | Becharaji                   | Bechraji                | Tourism Cluster                                                                            | Non- tribal |  7 |
| Gujarat                                  | Morbi              | Tikar                       | Halvad                  | Manufacturing Cluster                                                                      | Non- tribal | 11 |
| Gujarat                                  | Panch mahalsMorva  | Panch mahalsMorva           | Morvahadaf              | Agriculture Cluster                                                                        | Tribal      | 11 |
| Gujarat                                  | Surat              | Umarpada                    | Umarpada                | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster,                                            | Tribal      |  6 |

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| Gujarat           | Valsad         | Sanjan        | Umbergaon                       | Manufacturing Cluster                                                                                                                       | Tribal      |   4 |
|-------------------|----------------|---------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|
| Haryana           | Panchkula      | Ganeshpur     | Pinjore                         | Tourism Cluster                                                                                                                             | Non- tribal |  14 |
| Haryana           | Panipat        | Sewah         | Panipat                         | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                         | Non- tribal |   9 |
| Himachal pradesh  | Mandi          | Aut           | Mandi sadar                     | Agriculture Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                                                       | Non- tribal |   6 |
| Jammu and kashmir | Kupwara        | Khumriyal     | 1.kalarooch2.wavooraAgriculture | Cluster                                                                                                                                     | Non- tribal |   5 |
| Jharkhand         | Bokaro         | Siyaljori     | Chandankiyari                   | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, | Non- tribal |   5 |
| Jharkhand         | Gumla          | Karaundi      | Gumla                           | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Services Cluster,                                                     | Tribal      |   2 |
| Jharkhand         | Hazaribagh     | Gauriya karma | Barhi                           | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing            | Non- tribal |   6 |
| Jharkhand         | Khunti         | Birhu         | Khunti                          | Cluster, Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Services Cluster,                     | Tribal      |   2 |
| Jharkhand         | West singhbhum | Dudhbila      | Noamundi                        | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster,                          | Tribal      |   2 |

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|           |           |                                 |                               | Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                                                                                                                                        |             |    |
|-----------|-----------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|----|
| Karnataka | Gadag     | Hulakoti                        | Gadag                         | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster, Warehousing                   | Non- tribal |  3 |
| Karnataka | Raichur   | Gurugunta                       | Lingsugur                     | Cluster, Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Horticulture                                                                                                                                            | Tribal      |  2 |
| Kerala    | Alappuzha | Kanjikuzhy mararikulam north    | - 1.kanjikkuzhy 2.pattanakkad | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster,Tourism Cluster, Warehousing | Non- tribal |  2 |
| Kerala    | Kannur    | Chembilode- peralassery cluster | Edakkad                       | Cluster, Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster,                                                             | Non- tribal |  2 |

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| Kerala         | Malappuram   | Edappal vattamkulam cluster               | Ponnani   | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster, Warehousing                                                   | Non- tribal   |   2 |
|----------------|--------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|-----|
| Kerala         | Thrissur     | Punnayoorkulam vadakkekkad rurban cluster | Chavakkad | Cluster, Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster, Warehousing | Non- tribal   |   2 |
| Lakshadweep    | Lakshadweep  | Amini                                     | Amini     | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster, Warehousing          | Non- tribal   |   1 |
| Madhya pradesh | Betul        | Deshawadi                                 | Shahpur   | Cluster, Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Warehousing Cluster,                                                                                                                        | Tribal        |   7 |
| Madhya pradesh | Dhar         | Gunawad                                   | Dhar      | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Warehousing Cluster,                                                                                                                                                       | Tribal        |  14 |

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| Madhya pradesh   | Gwalior                | Chhimak        | Dabra                                            | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                  | Non- tribal   |   14 |
|------------------|------------------------|----------------|--------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|------|
| Madhya pradesh   | Gwalior                | Mohana         | Ghatigaon                                        | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                  | Non- tribal   |    6 |
| Madhya pradesh   | Jhabua                 | Mohankot       | Petlawad                                         | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Services Cluster, Warehousing | Tribal        |    9 |
| Madhya pradesh   | Rewa                   | Gauri          | Hanumana                                         | Manufacturing Cluster, Services Cluster,                                                                                                             | Non- tribal   |   12 |
| Maharashtra      | Ahmednagar             | Tisgaon        | Pathardi                                         | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Services Cluster,                                                                                    | Tribal        |   10 |
| Maharashtra      | Beed                   | Kada           | Ashti                                            | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                  | Non- tribal   |   18 |
| Maharashtra      | Nashik                 | Dabhadi        | Malegaon                                         | Agriculture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster,                                                                                                          | Non- tribal   |    8 |
| Maharashtra      | Palghar                | Kasatwadi      | Jawhar                                           | Agriculture Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                                                                | Tribal        |    4 |
| Maharashtra      | Pune                   | Khadkala       | Maval                                            | Agriculture Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                                              | Non- tribal   |    6 |
| Manipur          | Imphal east            | Keirao makting | 1.keirao cd block 2.kshetrigao cd block 3.saikul | Agriculture Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster,                                                                                        | Non- tribal   |    8 |
| Meghalaya        | South west khasi hills | Mawlangwir     | Mawkyrwat                                        | Education Health Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                                                           | Tribal        |    7 |
| Meghalaya        | West jaintia hills     | Sohkha cluster | Amlarem                                          | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                  | Tribal        |    6 |

| Mizoram    | Aizawl          | Thingsulthliah                 | Thingsulthliah                 | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster, Warehousing   | Non- tribal   |   15 |
|------------|-----------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|------|
| Odisha     | Balangir        | Sibtala                        | Balangir                       | Horticulture Cluster                                                                                                                                                                                                | Tribal        |    5 |
| Odisha     | Bargarh         | Dahita                         | Padampur                       | Manufacturing Cluster                                                                                                                                                                                               | Non- tribal   |    5 |
| Odisha     | Ganjam          | Keshpur                        | Khallikote                     | Fisheries Cluster                                                                                                                                                                                                   | Non- tribal   |   10 |
| Odisha     | Kandhamal       | Kotagarh                       | Kotagarh                       | Agriculture                                                                                                                                                                                                         | Tribal        |    3 |
| Odisha     | Nabarangpur     | Murtuma                        | Umerkote                       | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                                                                                 | Tribal        |    2 |
| Puducherry | Pondicherry     | Bahour                         | Ariankuppam                    | Agriculture Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                                                                                                                               | Non- tribal   |   14 |
| Punjab     | Bathinda        | Jalaal(bathinda)               | Bhagta bhaika                  | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                                                                                 | Non- tribal   |   17 |
| Punjab     | Fatehgarh sahib | Sanghol(fatehgarh sahib)       | Khamano                        | Agriculture Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                                                                                                      | Non- tribal   |   44 |
| Punjab     | Hoshiarpur      | Sansarpur                      | Dasuya                         | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster,                                                                                                                       | Non- tribal   |   68 |
| Punjab     | Ludhiana        | Dhandara(ludhiana 1)Ludhiana-1 | Dhandara(ludhiana 1)Ludhiana-1 | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                                                                                 | Non- tribal   |   21 |
| Punjab     | Tarn taran      | Chola sahib                    | Chohla sahib-8                 | Agriculture Cluster, Services Cluster,                                                                                                                                                                              | Non- tribal   |   18 |
| Rajasthan  | Alwar           | Naugawan                       | Ramgarh                        | Tourism Cluster, Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster,                                                                                                                          | Non- tribal   |    3 |

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| Rajasthan   | Banswara                 | Bhagora                 | Garhi           | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Warehousing Cluster,                                                 | Tribal      |   3 |
|-------------|--------------------------|-------------------------|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|
| Rajasthan   | Bikaner                  | Palana                  | Bikaner         | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                     | Non- tribal |   6 |
| Rajasthan   | Jaipur                   | Naraina                 | Dudu            | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Tourism Cluster, | Tribal      |   3 |
| Rajasthan   | Jalore                   | Raniwara kalan          | Raniwara        | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster,                                                                      | Non- tribal |   5 |
| Rajasthan   | Pratapgarh               | Arnod                   | Arnod           | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster,                  | Tribal      |   3 |
| Sikkim      | South district           | Namthang rurban cluster | Namthang        | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Tourism Cluster, | Non- tribal |   5 |
| Tamil nadu  | Kanchipuram              | Singaperumalkoil        | Kattankolathur  | Manufacturing Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                                                                             | Non- tribal |   7 |
| Tamil nadu  | Madurai                  | Kovilpappagudi          | Madurai west    | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                 | Non- tribal |  16 |
| Tamil nadu  | Thanjavur                | Thirumalaisamudram      | Thanjavur       | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                 | Non- tribal |   9 |
| Telangana   | Jayashankar bhupalapally | Nagaram                 | Bhupalpalle     | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                 | Tribal      |  21 |
| Telangana   | Nagarkurnool             | Vennacherla             | Peddakothapalle | Agriculture Cluster, Horticulture                                                                                   | Non- tribal |  25 |
| Telangana   | Peddapalli               | Sulthanabad             | Sulthanabad     | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                 | Non- tribal |  30 |

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| Tripura       | Dhalai        | Paschim chawmanu   | Chawmanu                     | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster, Warehousing                   | Tribal      |   5 |
|---------------|---------------|--------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----|
| Tripura       | Gomati        | Killa              | Killa                        | Cluster, Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster,                      | Tribal      |   7 |
| Tripura       | North tripura | Belianchip         | 1.jampui hills 2.resubelpara | Cluster, Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster, Warehousing Cluster, | Tribal      |   4 |
| Uttar pradesh | Baghpat       | Silana             | 1.baraut 2.chhaprauli        | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster,                                                                                                                                                           | Non- tribal |   8 |

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|               |                         |                         |                               | Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Services Cluster, Tourism Cluster, Warehousing                                                                 |             |    |
|---------------|-------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|----|
| Uttar pradesh | Bareilly                | Urla jagir              | 1.betasing 2.bithiri chainpur | Cluster, Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Fisheries Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Services | Non- tribal | 13 |
| Uttar pradesh | Mirzapur                | Haliya                  | Hallia                        | Cluster, Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster,S ervices Cluster, Warehousing Cluster,                                        | Non- tribal | 12 |
| Uttar pradesh | Prayagraj               | Barokhar                | Koraon                        | Agriculture Cluster, Fisheries Cluster,                                                                                                                     | Non- tribal | 12 |
| Uttar pradesh | Prayagraj               | Bhamhrauli uparhar      | Kaurihar                      | Agriculture Cluster, Education                                                                                                                              | Non- tribal | 10 |
| Uttar pradesh | Shravasti               | Chahalwa                | Hariharpur rani               | Health Cluster, Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Education Health Cluster,                                                                   | Non- tribal | 10 |
| Uttar pradesh | Sonbhadra               | Kodai                   | Nagwa                         | Agriculture Cluster                                                                                                                                         | Tribal      |  5 |
| Uttar pradesh | Varanasi                | Dhaurhara               | Cholapur                      | Agriculture Cluster, Education Health Cluster, Horticulture Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster,                                        | Non- tribal | 12 |
| Uttarakhand   | Tehri garhwal Dhanaulti | Tehri garhwal Dhanaulti | Jaunpur                       | Tourism Cluster                                                                                                                                             | Non- tribal | 10 |

| Uttarakhand                   | Uttar kashi                   | Dunda                         | Dunda                         | Agriculture Cluster, Animal Husbandary Cluster, Manufacturing Cluster, Organic Farming Cluster,   | Tribal                        |   5 |
|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|-----|
| Total GP Covered in phase -II | Total GP Covered in phase -II | Total GP Covered in phase -II | Total GP Covered in phase -II | Total GP Covered in phase -II                                                                     | Total GP Covered in phase -II | 916 |

## Annexure referred to in reply to parts (d) & (e) of Lok Sabha Starred Question No. 446 to be answered on 24.03.2026

## Third-party evaluation done by Universities/Institutions

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| Universities / Institutions                                        | Major findings                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Osmania University Zone-6 (Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Kerala), | 1. Basic Amenities & Infrastructure  Housing and Electrification: All three states showed significant improvement in providing safe housing and internal paved roads. Notably, all three states achieved 100% household electrification after the mission's intervention  Roads: While most areas reached over 75% coverage for paved internal roads, the Araku Valley Cluster in Andhra Pradesh still needs strengthening, as some GPs remain below 60% 2. Healthcare Facilities  State Disparity: Kerala is the only state with good healthcare infrastructure, where all Gram Panchayats (GPs) have Primary Health Centres  Infrastructure Gaps: In contrast, only about 30% of GPs in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana have PHC facilities. Many sub-centers in these states operate in rented buildings and lack proper infrastructure, forcing residents to travel at least 10km for government health services 3. Education & Child Services  Attendance: There is a noted increase in children attending primary and high schools, with a specific rise in girls' enrollment in high schools  Mid-Day Meals: All schools achieved 100% implementation of the mid-day meal scheme, supported by the construction of proper kitchens and separate toilets for boys and girls  ICDS: 100% achievement was recorded for children's immunization and Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) across all GPs 4. Digital Amenities & Governance  Broadband Access: Kerala has achieved broadband connectivity in all GPs. In Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, only a few villages have such connections.  e-Governance: A significant gap exists in Good Governance, as none of the GPs are currently providing e-panchayat services. 5. Economic & Social Welfare  Social Security: The mission was highly effective in delivering social security benefits, including widow, old age, and disability pensions, as well as subsidized food grains via the PDS.  Livelihood Stagnation: The report found no major improvement in youth or women's involvement in skill training, suggesting a need for revised proposals to boost economic development. |
| Sardar Patel University                                            |  Infrastructure Progress: There has been very good progress and a significant reduction in gaps for basic amenities, including inter-village road connectivity, rural housing, LPG connections, and digital literacy across most clusters                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |

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| HNB Garhwal University Zone-2 (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu - Kashmir and Ladakh) Consolidated Report   |  Implementation Disparities: There is a stark difference in project completion across the zone. The Bhaktanpur-Abidpur cluster in Uttarakhand completed nearly all approved works (99.9%), whereas progress in the Gole Gujral (J&K) and Hinner (HP) clusters was low, with over 50% of works not yet initiated  Economic Impact & Land Value: Residents across all clusters perceived a substantial increase in land values and general improvement in basic services. However, the actual increase in household income was mostly reported as "marginal" or occurring only "to some extent" .  Funding Challenges: Utilization of the Critical Gap Fund (CGF) was often lower than expected because many clusters failed to mobilize their proposed convergence funding from other government schemes  Livelihood Trends: While agriculture remains the primary mainstay, there is a growing trend toward diversification into tourism and self-employment (e.g., homestays, transport services), particularly in the mountain clusters of Himachal                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Guru Nanak Dev University                                                                                       |  Infrastructure & Connectivity: The mission has been highly successful in upgrading roads from "fair-weather" to "all-weather" . This has significantly improved people's mobility and their access to basic services across all clusters                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| (Zone I) Punjab and H aryana .                                                                                  |  Education: There is a marked improvement in the quality of school infrastructure and the overall standard of education, with satisfaction levels reaching over 90% in several clusters like Harsha Chhina and Kholat Rewari  Water Supply: The mission succeeded in providing piped water. Most residents expressed high satisfaction with the regularity, quality, and affordability of their drinking water  Sanitation & Waste Management Gaps: While individual household latrines have increased, solid and liquid waste management remains a major failure . Almost 100% of households in most clusters do not segregate waste (wet vs. dry) and dispose of it away from houses without a proper collection system.  Livelihood & Economic Impact: The mission has had minimal impact on generating new livelihood options . While Self-Help Groups (SHGs) are functional in parts of Haryana (Tohana, Badli), they are largely non-functional or unknown to residents in the Punjab clusters .  Health Facilities: Reliance on private clinics remains high because residents perceive government facilities as inferior. Awareness of specific government health schemes (such as Maternity assistance or TB control) is very low.  Digital Literacy: Although mobile and internet access is nearly universal (over 90%), digital literacy is low. The internet is primarily used for entertainment rather than for skills or agri-services |
|                                                                                                                 |  Land Value: Infrastructure improvements, particularly better road connectivity, have led to a noticeable increase in land values across the clusters                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| University of Allahabad Clusters of Uttar Pradesh                                                               | 1. Barokhar Cluster (District: Prayagraj)  Livelihood: The area remains primarily agriculture-dependent, with over 82% of the workforce engaged in farming or agri-labour  Infrastructure Gaps: While overhead tanks were constructed, they were not functional at the time of the survey. Consequently, 84% of the population still relies on public hand pumps (India Marka II)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |

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| and Bengal)                           | West                                  |  Water & Health: There is high satisfaction (75%-90%) regarding water supply quality and various health parameters, such as the availability of doctors, nurses, and medicines .  Sanitation Gaps: While many toilets were constructed under the Swachh Bharat Mission, open defecation persists because many of these toilets lack a functional water supply .  Digital Literacy: A massive gap remains; in the Palani cluster, for example, 0% of households had digital connectivity at the time of the study . 3. Economic & Social Impact  Livelihood: While a majority of respondents felt there was some improvement in livelihood options, less than 20% saw actual improvements in farming or livestock productivity .  Migration: Roughly 25% of families believed the mission's interventions helped reduce rural-to-urban migration. 4. Major Implementation Challenges  Lack of Identity: The mission often works in isolation, making it difficult for residents to distinguish Rurban projects from other ongoing government schemes.  Delays: Significant delays were noted in the preparation and approval of Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) .  Maintenance: There is a lack of a concrete institutional framework for the long- term operation and maintenance of created assets .   |
|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| NITI Aayog                            | NITI Aayog                            | 1. The evaluation has found that SPMRM is well aligned to the national context and very relevant for ensuring transformational development (as against transitional development)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Reference period of the study is from | Reference period of the study is from | 2. The majority of beneficiary respondents during the evaluation mentioned positive improvements in sanitation piped water and road network facilities. Specifically, 89% and 78% of the beneficiary respondents observed improvements in education and health facilities respectively. Population in absolute numbers and density have been increasing in the clusters.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| 2015-16 to 2018-19 in                 |                                       | 3. 4.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| 2020                                  |                                       | SPMRM prevents relocation to urban areas by inducing an 'inverse movement' as basic infrastructure and utilities are provided, and industrialization is promoted.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
|                                       |                                       | This leads to a steady increase in employment opportunities in Rurban areas. 5. SPMRM ensures inter-Ministerial convergence of schemes within a cluster, thereby ensuring multi-dimensional benefits for the beneficiaries, covering a broad spectrum of developmental needs and allowing for synergies with other                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
|                                       |                                       | schemes. The inclusion of domain experts and institutions of repute in the implementation                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
|                                       |                                       | 6. structure is a welcome move. 7. The evaluation has also documented two success stories (Dharambahal,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
|                                       |                                       | Jharkhand on stemming distress migration through mushroom farming; Bhagtanpur - Abidpur, Uttarakhand for good quality public participation. 8. The feedback on further improvements is with regards to strengthening skill                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
|                                       |                                       | development activities, clarifying ambiguities in planning acts, strengthening cluster governance, community engagement, capacity building, onboarding of quality professionals and utilization of innovation fund. 9.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
|                                       |                                       | The evaluation also recommended having a new and extended programme for over 1,000 clusters in the next 3 years.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |

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