Lok Sabha Question No. 4128 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2026-03-17
Subject: Tribal Dominated Villages
Ministry: RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: Shri Aashtikar Patil Nagesh Bapurao

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 4128 ANSWERED ON 17/03/2026

## TRIBAL DOMINATED VILLAGES

## 4128. Shri Aashtikar Patil Nagesh Bapurao:

Will the Minister of RURAL DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government is aware that several tribal-dominated villages in the Hingoli Lok Sabha Constituency continue to face serious gaps in basic rural infrastructure such as roads, drinking water  supply,  housing,  sanitation and  connectivity, if so, livelihood  opportunities  under  rural  development  programmes have  not  adequately  reached  tribal  communities,  leading  to distress migration and seasonal unemployment;
- (b) whether the beneficiaries of tribal and rural families including women  and  youth  are  dependent  on  seasonal,  informal,  lowincome,  face  barriers  in  accessing  livelihood  opportunities, credit, training and social security support, lack of basic rural infrastructure  and    access  to  quality  education,  vocational training and skill development facilities and limited access to sustainable rural employment in Hingoli Lok Sabha Constituency, if so, the details thereof and action taken in this regard;
- (c) whether the number of eligible tribal households are unable to avail benefits of key rural development schemes due to lack of awareness,  documentation  gaps,  digital  exclusion  and  weak local-level facilitation leading to distress, migration and seasonal unemployment, if so, the details thereof;
- (d) the  steps  taken  by  the  Government  to  strengthen  outreach, registration,  transparency,  digital  monitoring,  social  audits, real-time tracking and beneficiary inclusion of tribal communities under major rural development schemes like SHG federations, self-employment and wage employment in Hingoli;
- (e) whether  any  special  programmes,  mobile  facilitation  units, awareness camps, convergence models or district-level action plans are proposed for Hingoli to promote women empowerment,  financial  inclusion  and  livelihood  security  in

- tribal communities and if so, the details thereof and other steps taken to improve coverage of tribal facilities;
- (f) whether it is a fact that Self-Help Groups (SHGs) and women collectives  in  tribal  areas  are  not  adequately  integrated  with livelihood missions, financial institutions and market linkages and if so, the steps taken by the Ministry to strengthen womencentric  rural  development  initiatives,  SHG  federations  and livelihood support systems in tribal regions; and
- (g) the  details  of  monitoring  mechanisms,  inspections,  audits corrective actions undertaken and dedicated grievance redressal cell and facilitation centre at district level in Hingoli district during the last three years, year-wise?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT (SHRI KAMLESH PASWAN)

- (a) & (b): Checking  the  migration  of  rural  people  towards  urban areas are sought to be addressed through multi-dimensional course of action such as provision of improved infrastructural facilities (i.e; roads, drinking water supply, housing, sanitation and connectivity), equitable  dispersal  of  resources  to  remove  regional  disparities, employment generation, imparting of skills,encouraging entrepreneurial activity, undertaking land reforms,enhancing literacy and providing easy access to financial assistance & credit facilities etc.

So far as the Ministry of Rural Development(MoRD) is concerned, it is implementing various rural development schemes/programmes  such  as  Mahatma  Gandhi  National  Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), Pradhan Mantri AwaasYojana-Gramin (PMAY-G), Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana - National Rural Livelihoods Mission  (DAY-NRLM),  DeenDayal  Upadhyaya  Grameen  Kaushalya Yojana (DDUGKY), Rural Self Employment Training Institutes(RSETIs),  National  Social  Assistance  Programme  (NSAP) and Watershed Development Component (WDC) of the Pradhan Mantri Krishi  Sinchayee  Yojana  (WDC-PMKSY)  for  overall  development  of rural  areas  of  the  country,  which  includes  all  eligible  tribal  areas, including those in the Hingoli Lok Sabha Constituency.

In  addition,  Ministry  of  Tribal  Affairs(MoTA)  is  implementing schemes including scholarship schemes, housing, health and education  schemes  and  two  flagship  missions  namely;  Pradhan Mantri  Janjati  Adivasi  Nyaya  Maha  Abhiyan  (PMJANMAN)  and

Pradhan Mantri Dharti Aaba Janjatiya Gram  Utkarsh (PMDAJGUA) for the benefits of tribal population.

Abhiyan

Further, under WDC-PMKSY 2.0, beneficiaries of tribal and rural families, including women and youth, are provided training through Livelihood  Resource  Agency  (LRA)  for  livelihood  opportunities.  All residents  in  the  project  area,  including  Scheduled  Tribes  (STs), Scheduled Castes (SCs), women and youth are benefited under the programme.

All  these  measures  encourage  people  to  stay  in  rural  areas, earn their livelihood and raise their quality of life near their places of residence and hence act as a deterrent to distress migration of rural population to cities.

- (c) & (d): The Government has taken several  steps  to  strengthen outreach, registration, transparency, digital monitoring and inclusion of tribal communities under various rural development schemes/programmes, including in districts of Hingoli. These include:
- i. Awareness  and  registration  drives  through  Gram  Sabhas, village campaigns and IEC activities to ensure registration of eligible  households  and  issuance  of  Job  Cards,  with  special focus on vulnerable groups including Scheduled Tribes.
- ii. Use of digital platforms and Monitoring Information System(MIS)  portals for real-time monitoring of job card registration, work allocation, fund flow and wage payments.
- iii. Technology-based  monitoring  through  initiatives  such  as  the National  Mobile  Monitoring  System  (NMMS)  for  geo-tagged attendance and Aadhaar-based Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) of wages to workers' bank accounts.
- iv. Transparency measures, including online availability of records, e-muster rolls and public disclosure of works and payments at the Gram Panchayat level.
- v. Convergence with community institutions, including Self-Help Groups and  federations,  to  strengthen  outreach  and  improve participation of tribal and other marginalized communities.
- vi. Under  DDU-GKY,  awareness,  mobilization  activities,  and  Job fairs  are  conducted  at  the  block  and  district  level  involving SHGs and their Federation to facilitate outreach, mobilization, and  registration  of  eligible  rural  youth,  including  those  from tribal communities.
- vii. Under NSAP guidelines, 1% of administrative expenses may be used for IEC activities such as awareness generation,

community mobilization  and  media  outreach.  Implementation including identification, verification, pension disbursement and annual review rests with State Governments/UT Administrations,  and  digital  initiatives  do  not  hinder  scheme delivery.

- (e): Yes. Initiatives include livelihood promotion through agriculture, livestock and micro-enterprises under DAY-NRLM, skill training through RSETI, financial inclusion programmes such as SHG bank linkage and awareness camps in tribal villages.
- (f): DAY-NRLM,  launched  in  2011,  is  a  pivotal  initiative  by  the Government of India, aiming to alleviate poverty by empowering rural women households, especially from marginalized communities such as  Scheduled  Tribes  (ST).  It  focuses  on  promoting  sustainable livelihoods and enhancing the socio-economic status of rural households.

## Key Initiatives and Achievements:

- Mobilization of Self-Help Groups (SHGs): As on date, over 10.05 crore households have been organized into approximately 90.90 lakh SHGs. Among these, 12.68 lakh SHGs are predominantly composed of 1.44 crore Scheduled Tribe(ST) women members,
- i. reflecting a strong emphasis on inclusivity.
- ii. Financial Inclusion: DAY-NRLM has facilitated financial linkages for these SHGs, enabling access to credit and financial
- services.
- iii. Health and Nutrition Integration: Recognizing the unique challenges faced by ST communities, DAY-NRLM has adopted the 'Dasa Sutra Strategy' to integrate health and nutrition into livelihood programs. This approach aims to create awareness and encourage behavior change among rural women regarding food,  nutrition,  health,  and  sanitation.  It  also  mobilizes  SHG members to access relevant public health entitlements.
- Livelihood  Generation  and  Participation:  The  mission  has  a special  focus  on  the  early  inclusion  of  Scheduled  Castes, Scheduled  Tribes,  persons  with  disabilities,  the  elderly,  and other vulnerable sections into SHGs. This inclusive  approach has led to significant participation of ST members in Farm and
- iv. Non-Farm related livelihood generation activities.

- (g): Necessary guidelines/instructions have been issued from time to  time  to  ensure  smooth  implementation  of  rural  development schemes/programmes. MoRD accords emphasis for targeted implementation of its schemes/projects. The programme wise factors affecting performance are analyzed and tailored actions are taken accordingly. Some of the major strategies in this regard are: -
- i. In order to ensure that the schemes reach closure, the Ministry has  evolved  a  comprehensive  multi-  level  and  multi-format system of monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of rural  development  schemes,  including  Performance  Review Committee  Meetings,  District  Development  Coordination  and Monitoring Committee  ('DISHA')  meetings,  National  Level Monitors  (NLMs),  Area  Officers  Schemes,  Common  Review Mission, Concurrent Evaluation and Impact Assessment Studies. State specific reviews of States/UTs are also undertaken from time to time and action is taken on the basis of their findings.
- ii. The schemes of the Rural Development have been brought upon end-to-end transaction-based MIS, which enables all the stakeholders to monitor status of schemes in a real time basis. The works are photographed with geo-tags and time stamps. All the data of Rural Development schemes are available on public domain.
- iii. In addition to above, the Ministry arranges for sufficient funds for completion of works facilitates forest clearances, coordinates convergence with related Ministries/Agencies for manpower, technical support etc.
- iv. Social  Audits  are  also  conducted  for  some  Schemes  like Mahatma  Gandhi  NREGS  and  PMAY-G.  Ombudsman  are  also appointed for attending to any grievances regarding MGNREGA works.  In  addition,  grievance  redressal  is  being  given  due attention in all schemes of the Rural Development.
- v. States are advised to recruit adequate staff for implementation of the programme. Norms have been laid for staffing. Funds are provided for supporting hiring of manpower and other administrative  expenditure.  The  training  and  orientation  of programme manpower is also arranged from time to time.
- vi. Norms for administrative and technical oversight and audit have been  laid  down.  Mobile  application  for  inspection  viz.  Area Officer  App  has  been  developed.  Similar  apps  have  been developed  in  other  areas  too  and  is  an  ongoing  process

depending on the requirements. The performance of officials is monitored against them.

- vii. Regular coordination with the State Govt. for preparation of the fund release proposals and documentation is made and timely advice is tendered to them in this regard. In cases of delay, the matter is escalated to higher levels for seeking release of funds.
- viii. Women  networks,  community  based  organisations  and  civil society organisations are mobilised for creating demand from below for proper implementation of the schemes.
- ix. Under  WDC-PMKSY,  a  geo-spatial  portal,  SRISHTI  developed with the assistance of National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), is used for monitoring the progress of the projects. Geo-coded and  time-stamped  photographs  on  near  real-time  basis  are uploaded on SRISHTI portal using a mobile application named 'DRISHTI ' specifically developed for the purpose. The progress of the funds utilization by the States/UTs is monitored through PFMS portal on regular basis.

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