Lok Sabha Question No. 2684 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-03-14
Subject: Right to Education
Ministry: HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: M. K. RAGHAVAN, AJAY TAMTA, Dr. BHOLA SINGH, NANABHAU FALGUNRAO PATOLE

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION AND LITERACY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2684 TO BE ANSWERED ON 14 th  MARCH, 2016

## Right to Education

## 2684.  SHRI M.K. RAGHAVAN: SHRI AJAY TAMTA: DR. BHOLA SINGH: SHRI NANA PATOLE:

Will the Minister of HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

- (a)   whether the Government has made any assessment of the success of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 and if so, the details thereof, State/UT-wise;
- (b)  whether the Government has been facing any challenges/obstacles in the implementation of the said Act and if so, the details thereof;
- (c)   whether it is a fact that No-detention Policy in schools has lowered the standard of education and  if  so,  the  details  of  the  comments  received  by  the  Government  from  various  States,  details thereof, State-wise;
- (d)  the details of the meetings/ consultations held with education experts/ stakeholders regarding this  policy  and  the  steps  taken/proposed  to  be  taken  by  the  Government  to  amend  the  Right  to Education Act in this regard;
- (e)   whether  the  Government  has  received  any  request  from  various  State  Governments  for additional funds for effective implementation of the said Act and if so, the steps taken/being taken by the Government in this regard; and
- (f)   whether  the  Government  is  aware  of  the  fact  that  a  number  of  children  are  still  out  of schools or engaged in criminal activities and if so, the steps taken by the Government to bring such children back to school?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (SMT. SMRITI ZUBIN IRANI)

(a) & (b): Central Government reviews and monitors implementation of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009 periodically with the States and Union Territories at different fora, including the State Education Ministers' Conferences. Educational data on outcomes are  collected  through  Unified  District  Implementation  System  of  Education  (UDISE)  every  year. The  status  of  these  evaluations  and  monitoring  is  placed  in  the  public  domain  on  the  Ministry's website.  The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is the designated scheme to meet the objective of the RTE Act, 2009. The SSA was revised  in  September  2010  to  conform  to  the  RTE  mandate.    The combined  RTE-SSA  programme  is  reviewed  twice  every  year  by  a  Joint  Review  Mission  (JRM) comprising independent experts and  members of external funding agencies, covering all States by rotation. All States and UTs have issued notifications enforcing RTE Act, 2009.  Since the RTE Act, 2009 came into effect from 1 st April, 2010, 44,595 school buildings, 7,00,460 additional classrooms, 5,46,513 toilets and 34,671 drinking water facilities have been sanctioned to States and UTs under SSA  programme  to  augment  the  school  infrastructure  for  compliance  with  RTE  Act.  State-wise details showing improvement in Pupil Teacher Ratio, Student Classroom Ratio, Dropout rate and Out of school children are at Annexure-I.

The  major  challenge  in  meeting  the  objective  of  the  RTE  Act  is  ensuring  quality education for all children at elementary level.

(c) & (d): The  no-detention  policy  has  resulted  in  improvement  of  retention  of  children  in schools.  This  is  reflected  in  decline  in  annual  average  dropout  rate  of  children  which  is  4.15%  at elementary  level  as  per  UDISE,  2014-15.  Some  States  have  requested  for  review  of  no-detention policy. Reports and views of several State Governments reflect that standard of elementary education has come down due to no-detention policy. State-wise details of the comments received from various States are at Annexure-II.

The Central Advisory Board of Education (CABE) Sub-Committee on Assessment & Implementation of Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) and No Detention Provision under the RTE Act, 2009 constituted as per the Resolution passed in the 59 th CABE in its meeting held on 6 th June, 2012 under the Chairpersonship of Smt. Geeta Bhukkal, then Education Minister, Government  of  Haryana,  after  having  a  series  of  discussions  with  multiple  stakeholders,  State functionaries, organisation/individuals has submitted a Report which includes recommendation that given  current  systemic  challenges  and  process  inefficiencies,  'No  detention'  provision  should  be implemented in a phased manner.  Report of the Sub-Committee was placed before the CABE in its

63 rd meeting held on 19 th August, 2015 where it was decided to request all States/UTs to share their views  on  the  No-Detention  Policy.  22  States  have  so  far  given  their  views  on  the  policy.  Out  of which  18  States  have  suggested  that  no  detention  policy  should  be  reviewed.    Another  SubCommittee under the Chairpersonship of Minister of Education, Government of Rajasthan has been constituted  on  26.10.2015  inter-alia,  to  review  the  feedback  received  from  States/UTs  on  the No-Detention Policy Reports . There is no proposal at present to amend the RTE Act, 2009 in this regard.

(e): Section  7  of  the  RTE  Act,  2009  provides  that  the  Central  and  State  Governments  have concurrent  responsibility  for  providing  funds  for  carrying  out  the  provisions  of  the  RTE  Act. Allocation of outlays of the States under SSA are made on the basis of the approved Annual Work Plans and Budgets (AWP&B) prepared by the States based on their requirements. The central share released  to  States  and  UTs  under  SSA  during  the  last  five  years  and  the  current  year  is  at Annexure-III.

(f): As per independent survey commissioned by the Ministry of Human Resource Development in  2014, 60.64 lakh children were out of school in the age group of 6 to 13. The survey indicates consistent decline in the number of out of school children from 134.59 lakh in 2005 to 60.64 lakh in 2014 in the same age group.

Under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, 2.04 lakh primary and 1.59 lakh upper primary schools have been sanctioned towards universal provisioning of schooling facilities at elementary level. Preference for opening of school is given to tribal areas and areas with high concentration of SC, ST and minority population. In addition, 3609 Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas, which are residential schools  for  girls  at  upper  primary  level,  have  been  sanctioned  to  the  States,  particularly  in Educationally Backward Blocks for improving access to marginalised girls especially out of school. Under the SSA, provisions have also been made for residential schools/hostels and transportation/escort facility for children living in sparsely populated areas, children living in areas where  schools  cannot  be  opened  due  to  unavailability  of  land  and  children  in  need  of  care  and protection. Special training is also provided to all such children who are school dropouts and long absentees to enrol them back to school.

The  provision  of  Mid-day-Meal  to  all  children  also  helps  to  enrolment  of  out  of  school children.  The  National  Commission  for  Protection  of  Child  Rights  has  informed  that  they  have launched  a  'Street  to  School  Campaign'  in  2014-15  through  the  States/UTs  to  focus  on  street children and to ensure their inclusion in the formal education system.

## ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) & (b) OF LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2684 TO BE ANSWERED ON 14.03.2016 ASKED BY SHRI M.K. RAGHAVAN, SHRI AJAY TAMTA, DR. BHOLA SINGH,   SHRI  NANA  PATOLE  REGARDING  RIGHT  TO EDUCATION

State-wise details showing improvement in Pupil Teacher Ratio, Student Classroom Ratio, Dropout rate and Out of school children

| Sl. No.   | Name of State/UT         | Pupil Teacher Ratio*   | Pupil Teacher Ratio*   | Student Classroom Ratio*   | Student Classroom Ratio*   | Dropout Rate at primary level*   | Dropout Rate at primary level*   | Out of school children#   | Out of school children#   |
|-----------|--------------------------|------------------------|------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------|
| Sl. No.   | Name of State/UT         | 2010 - 11              | 2014 - 15              | 2010 - 11                  | 2014 - 15                  | 2009 - 10                        | 2014 - 15                        | 2009                      | 2014                      |
| 1.        | Andaman & Nicobar Island | 10                     | 10                     | 16                         | 19                         | 3.50                             | 1.21                             | 0                         | 1015                      |
| 2.        | Andhra Pradesh           | 20                     | 20                     | 23                         | 22                         | 5.39                             | 4.35                             | 172354                    | 107829                    |
| 3.        | Arunachal Pradesh        | 18                     | 15                     | 19                         | 16                         | 18.71                            | 10.89                            | 20601                     | 6517                      |
| 4.        | Assam                    | 21                     | 20                     | 29                         | 28                         | 8.60                             | 7.44                             | 234983                    | 157813                    |
| 5.        | Bihar                    | 58                     | 49                     | 83                         | 52                         | 6.39                             | 2.09                             | 1345697                   | 1169722                   |
| 6.        | Chandigarh               | 24                     | 19                     | 43                         | 40                         | -                                | -                                | 1974                      | 1090                      |
| 7.        | Chhattisgarh             | 24                     | 21                     | 27                         | 24                         | 5.37                             | 1.42                             | 85366                     | 167072                    |
| 8.        | Dadra & Nagar Haveli     | 40                     | 29                     | 45                         | 34                         | 2.04                             | 1.57                             | 444                       | 745                       |
| 9.        | Daman &Diu               | 30                     | 24                     | 35                         | 34                         | 6.27                             | 0.85                             | 23                        | 421                       |
| 10.       | Delhi                    | 36                     | 23                     | 34                         | 39                         | -                                | -                                | 124022                    | 85084                     |
| 11.       | Goa                      | 24                     | 18                     | 25                         | 28                         | 0.97                             | 0.20                             | 0                         | 0                         |
| 12.       | Gujarat                  | 31                     | 29                     | 34                         | 29                         | 4.27                             | 0.76                             | 162355                    | 159308                    |
| 13.       | Haryana                  | 26                     | 20                     | 27                         | 26                         | 6.21                             | 0.41                             | 107205                    | 43879                     |
| 14.       | Himachal Pradesh         | 16                     | 10                     | 14                         | 13                         | -                                | 0.46                             | 2451                      | 2176                      |
| 15.       | Jammu & Kashmir          | 13                     | 12                     | 16                         | 14                         | 1.22                             | 5.46                             | 9691                      | 45468                     |
| 16.       | Jharkhand                | 41                     | 38                     | 37                         | 27                         | 10.49                            | 6.41                             | 132195                    | 140426                    |
| 17.       | Karnataka                | 26                     | 26                     | 24                         | 22                         | 3.64                             | 2.32                             | 108237                    | 122139                    |
| 18.       | Kerala                   | 21                     | 16                     | 25                         | 24                         | -                                | -                                | 15776                     | 33161                     |
| 19.       | Lakshadweep              | 14                     | 8                      | 22                         | 20                         | 2.38                             | -                                | 0                         | 267                       |
| 20.       | Madhya Pradesh           | 35                     | 26                     | 29                         | 22                         | 8.61                             | 10.14                            | 328692                    | 450952                    |
| 21.       | Maharashtra              | 30                     | 25                     | 31                         | 31                         | 2.10                             | 0.55                             | 207345                    | 145326                    |
| 22.       | Manipur                  | 19                     | 13                     | 22                         | 19                         | 9.06                             | 18.00                            | 12222                     | 7037                      |
| 23.       | Meghalaya                | 16                     | 18                     | 18                         | 19                         | 12.67                            | 10.34                            | 12655                     | 17237                     |
| 24        | Mizoram                  | 14                     | 11                     | 18                         | 14                         | 11.95                            | 12.96                            | 7485                      | 972                       |
| 25.       | Nagaland                 | 20                     | 12                     | 20                         | 18                         | 5.18                             | 19.41                            | 8693                      | 2896                      |
| 26.       | Odisha                   | 26                     | 21                     | 27                         | 26                         | 6.05                             | 2.94                             | 435560                    | 401052                    |
| 27.       | Puducherry               | 16                     | 15                     | 23                         | 27                         | 0.44                             | 0.66                             | 993                       | 285                       |
| 28.       | Punjab                   | 19                     | 17                     | 21                         | 22                         | 1.82                             | 1.29                             | 1267                      | 91578                     |
| 29.       | Rajasthan                | 26                     | 19                     | 23                         | 20                         | 10.76                            | 8.39                             | 1018326                   | 601863                    |
| 30.       | Sikkim                   | 12                     | 8                      | 14                         | 12                         | 7.11                             | 4.57                             | 647                       | 535                       |
| 31.       | Tamil Nadu               | 29                     | 17                     | 27                         | 26                         | 1.19                             | 0.46                             | 52876                     | 57529                     |
| 32.       | Telangana                | N/A                    | 20                     | N/A                        | 20                         | N/A                              | 5.81                             | N/A                       | -                         |
| 33.       | Tripura                  | 19                     | 12                     | 25                         | 23                         | 11.93                            | 3.58                             | 8434                      | 4518                      |
| 34.       | Uttar Pradesh            | 44                     | 36                     | 35                         | 31                         | 11.06                            | 7.08                             | 2769111                   | 1612285                   |
| 35.       | Uttarakhand              | 23                     | 17                     | 19                         | 18                         | 5.84                             | 3.07                             | 56225                     | 86794                     |
| 36.       | West Bengal              | 30                     | 23                     | 40                         | 30                         | 6.49                             | 2.91                             | 706713                    | 339239 6064229            |
|           | All States/UTs           | 30                     | 25                     | 31                         | 27                         | 6.76                             | 4.34                             | 8150618                   |                           |

Source: * DISE Data

# IMRB survey

## ANNEXURE-II

## ANNEXURE  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PART  (c)  &  (d)  OF  LOK  SABHA  UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2684 TO BE ANSWERED ON 14.03.2016 ASKED BY SHRI M.K. RAGHAVAN, SHRI AJAY TAMTA, DR. BHOLA SINGH,   SHRI  NANA  PATOLE  REGARDING  RIGHT  TO EDUCATION

Status of response received from States and UTs on 'No Detention Policy' under the RTE Act 2009

|   S. No. | Name of the State / UT   | Date of receipt of letter of State Govt./ UT   | Gist of comments of State Govt. / UT Administration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
|----------|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|        1 | Bihar                    | 15.09.2015                                     | No Detention Policy may be withdrawn and Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) Policy continue to exist. Performance of students should be assessed from time to time.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
|        2 | Himachal Pradesh         | 28.09.2015                                     | 1. Introduction of internal examination at class 3 rd and third party examination at the level of 5 th and 8 th classes. 2. Detention of students at 3 rd , 5 th and 8 th classes who fail to acquire class appropriate competences as identified at the respective level.                                                                                                                                             |
|        3 | Madhya Pradesh           | 21.09.2015                                     | Board examinations at classes 5 th and 8 th to be held because No Detention Policy has adverse impact on the academic performance of students..                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
|        4 | Mizoram                  | 15.09.2015                                     | All teachers to be trained in various aspect of Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) to enable them to practice it effectively. Till the system of CCE stabilizes, the No Detention Policy may be kept in abeyance for 5-7 yrs.                                                                                                                                                                               |
|        5 | Odisha                   | 07.10.2015                                     | Provisions of 'No Detention' may be revisited and the State may be allowed to follow their own evaluation system at the end of every grade with class appropriate assessment.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
|        6 | Punjab                   | 06.08.2015                                     | Provisions of 'No Detention' may be amended to reintroduce exam system from 1 st - 8 th classes and start Board examination in classes 5 th and 8 th . A Resolution to this effect has been passed in the Punjab Vidhan Sabha.                                                                                                                                                                                         |
|        7 | Rajasthan                | 09.09.2015                                     | 'No Detention Policy' and 'Age appropriate Admission Policy' to be withdrawn due to the adverse impact in the quality of education on account of decline in the commitment levels of students as well as teachers towards education. Tests/examination and detention provide students a fair stage to perform, besides being a remedy for correcting the deficiency in the knowledge of students.                      |
|        8 | Sikkim                   | 23.09.2015                                     | Roll out plan of 'No detention' in phased manner and assessment at classes 5 th & 8 th as regular attendance is not ensured by the family and thus 'No Detention' has further aggravated the motivation of students and teachers.                                                                                                                                                                                      |
|        9 | Tripura                  | 09.09.2015                                     | 'No Detention Policy' needs to be reviewed as this has led to a state of inattention to the teaching-learning process on the part of the children and has adverse impact on the regular attendance of students and teachers in schools.                                                                                                                                                                                |
|       10 | Uttar Pradesh            | 30.9.2015                                      | 'No Detention Policy' needs to be revoked as it has resulted in lack of competition and has reduced the learning outcome of students.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
|       11 | Uttarakhand              | 27.09.2015                                     | 'No Detention Policy' needs to be withdrawn as this has brought down the standard of education. Half-yearly and annual examinations should be conducted in order to improve the quality of education of students and also their competitive spirits. This would also increase the responsibility of teachers.                                                                                                          |
|       12 | Puducherry               | 23.10.2015                                     | 'No Detention Policy' needs to be reviewed as it has led to deterioration in quality of elementary education and created negative impact on the students' as well as parents' attitude and mentality. Therefore, 'No Detention Policy' needs to be restricted up to class V.                                                                                                                                           |
|       13 | Karnataka                | 30.10.2015                                     | 'No Detention Policy' should continue in its present form as it is important to sustain students' interest in education and provide minimum 8 years of school education. Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) should be improved and monitored, year-end evaluation for a few classes should be conducted and students with low scores should be helped in improving their learning through special teaching. |
|       14 | Delhi                    | 28.10.2015                                     | 'No Detention Policy' needs to be amended as this has led to students being promoted to next class without achieving the desired learning level of a class                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |

| S. No.   | Name of the State / UT   | Date of receipt of letter of State Govt./ UT   | Gist of comments of State Govt. / UT Administration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
|----------|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|          |                          |                                                | and being able to comprehend and follow the subject taught. It further results in unreasonable and indisciplined behavior of students or their dropping out of school. 'No Detention Policy' may be restricted up to Junior Primary class, i.e. class 3.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| 15.      | Kerala                   | 26.11.2015                                     | 'No Detention Policy' to be withdrawn as there is no harm in allowing a student one more year to recoup rather than allowing the student to pass to the next higher stage in an unbaked condition. The teachers will also be able to assess and correct themselves. Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) process to be strengthened. Periodical, terminal and year- end examination will be necessary for an objective analysis of the learning level of the student.                                                                                                                                                                      |
| 16.      | Andhra Pradesh           | 30.11.2015                                     | 'No Detention Policy' should continue as otherwise the dropout rate would increase and it would be difficult to fulfill the objective of universalization of elementary education. Detention of students would demotivate them and lead to rote learning and undue fear of exams on the students and encourage malpractice and suppresses creative thinking, analytical ability, exploration and experimentation skills of the students. Annual examinations should be conducted to assess learning levels for class III, V and VIII. Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) should be strengthened. Quality of teaching should be improved. |
| 17.      | Gujarat                  | 4.12.2015                                      | 'No Detention Policy' to be reviewed and suitably modified.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| 18.      | Nagaland                 | 3.12.2015                                      | 'No Detention Policy' needs to be reviewed as it has adversely affected both the students and teachers. The policy has made the students lazy and non- serious in their studies and the teachers too casual in their approach to teaching. The pass percentage and the grades/marks obtained by students in class IX and HSLC Examination have declined due to 'No Detention Policy'.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| 19.      | West Bengal              | 2.12.2015                                      | 'No Detention Policy' to be withdrawn as the learning outcomes and school environment has suffered due to the policy. Adequate safeguards may be put in place so that drop outs do not increase.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| 20.      | Haryana                  | 28.10.2015                                     | 'No Detention Policy' needs to be withdrawn as it has resulted in deterioration in the quality of education due to decreased commitment levels of stakeholders. The policy has resulted in lackadaisical attitude on part of both students and teachers. For the policy to succeed, optimum teacher-pupil ratio should be optimum, along with compulsory attendance and effective implementation of Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE). Tests/examinations provide students with competitive spirit besides motivating them to study.                                                                                                    |
| 21.      | Telangana                | 30.11.2015                                     | 'No Detention Policy' should continue to enable a child to learn better without fear of failure, detention and stigma. Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) should be strengthened to evaluate the learning standards of the child regularly and which focuses not on rote learning but encourages creative and critical thinking.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| 22.      | Maharashtra              | 10.12.2015                                     | 'No Detention Policy' should continue with some changes as the policy has reduced school dropout rates and helps in building self esteem. Schools to test children at least thrice every year. States should be given freedom to decide whichever policy to follow.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |

ANNEXURE  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PART  (e)  OF  LOK  SABHA  UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2684 TO BE ANSWERED ON 14 th  MARCH, 2016 REGARDING RIGHT TO EDUCATION ASKED BY SHRI M.K. RAGHAVAN, SHRI AJAY TAMTA, DR. BHOLA SINGH AND SHRI NANA PATOLE

Statement showing State-wise details of central share released to States and UTs under SSA during the last five years and the current year.

(Rs. in lakh)

| Sl. No.   | Name of the State    | 2010-11    | 2011-12    | 2012-13    | 2013-14    |          2014-15 |   2015-16 (as on 01.03.2016) |
|-----------|----------------------|------------|------------|------------|------------|------------------|------------------------------|
| 1         | Andhra Pradesh       | 81000.00   | 183551.72  | 141049.46  | 174715.39  | 154567           |              66810.8         |
| 2         | Arunachal Pradesh    | 20401.77   | 23880.1    | 43764.67   | 19261.85   |  33607.8         |              17169.6         |
| 3         | Assam                | 76854.35   | 106921.15  | 130881.60  | 131820.73  |  97782.2         |              88347.8         |
| 4         | Bihar                | 204789.63  | 185108.2   | 275462.25  | 261013.11  | 216336           |             251557           |
| 5         | Chhattisgarh         | 87863.00   | 69870.22   | 85015.73   | 76699.64   |  92705.3         |              46851.6         |
| 6         | Goa                  | 671.27     | 1079.14    | 1013.04    | 1333.57    |   1310.38        |                560.36        |
| 7         | Gujarat              | 44065.01   | 88027.79   | 113918.08  | 80559.63   |  78476.5         |              45196           |
| 8         | Haryana              | 32786.11   | 40461.41   | 33810.35   | 35088.42   |  42110.7         |              26816.3         |
| 9         | Himachal Pradesh     | 13786.66   | 14192.78   | 10737.30   | 11453.10   |  12547.3         |               8529.54        |
| 10        | Jammu & Kashmir      | 40348.79   | 30070.5    | 50805.85   | 89143.50   |  51276.5         |             129981           |
| 11        | Jharkhand            | 89562.26   | 57903.46   | 56183.87   | 45010.71   |  75775.2         |              38632           |
| 12        | Karnataka            | 66903.00   | 62788.35   | 68450.58   | 65371.33   |  66213.5         |              31115           |
| 13        | Kerala               | 19660.73   | 17021.85   | 13449.14   | 20800.66   |  21844           |              10107.9         |
| 14        | Madhya Pradesh       | 176783.00  | 190427.12  | 135343.30  | 200408.56  | 149095           |             120286           |
| 15        | Maharashtra          | 85537.00   | 117962.58  | 106854.62  | 65653.65   |  58288.5         |              25994           |
| 16        | Manipur              | 13253.77   | 3940.55    | 17362.44   | 13193.93   |  21465.8         |               9966.07        |
| 17        | Meghalaya            | 18540.90   | 14410.6    | 18670.78   | 28340.86   |  20404.5         |               9483.04        |
| 18        | Mizoram              | 10115.31   | 10814.05   | 15317.60   | 10657.69   |  14739.7         |               6189.83        |
| 19        | Nagaland             | 8636.83    | 9798.33    | 11231.95   | 15803.02   |  20568.7         |               8739.53        |
| 20        | Odisha               | 73177.85   | 92719.98   | 104307.62  | 73956.08   |  66695.3         |              59829.9         |
| 21        | Punjab               | 39612.74   | 48112.44   | 49472.68   | 38323.72   |  36216           |              27220.1         |
| 22        | Rajasthan            | 146182.29  | 148580.86  | 153520.11  | 242488.70  | 248042           |             178165           |
| 23        | Sikkim               | 4469.19    | 4022.84    | 2693.85    | 4195.08    |   4526.13        |               2138.81        |
| 24        | Tamil Nadu           | 69068.57   | 68141.96   | 71637.13   | 96827.48   | 135820           |              79543.6         |
| 25        | Telangana            |            |            |            |            |  81406.9         |              21776           |
| 26        | Tripura              | 17121.48   | 17493.76   | 12010.11   | 15991.09   |  19800.1         |              11389           |
| 27        | Uttar Pradesh        | 310462.88  | 263682.61  | 375476.26  | 466698.04  | 449868           |             505434           |
| 28        | Uttarakhand          | 25793.94   | 20892.49   | 17941.10   | 22043.51   |  22880.6         |              19380.1         |
| 29        | West Bengal          | 174703.17  | 177652.74  | 258056.58  | 153196.42  |  97240.3         |              60836.9         |
| 30        | A & N Islands        | 357.78     | 907.36     | 1089.28    | 612.35     |    147.21        |                359.46        |
| 31        | Chandigarh           | 2155.89    | 1611.21    | 1772.64    | 3009.26    |   3893.53        |               3521.81        |
| 32        | Dadra & Nagar Haveli | 413.78     | 564.35     | 652.76     | 927.19     |    911.74        |                462           |
| 33        | Daman & Diu          | 162.99     | 257.06     | 433.12     | 145.54     |     72.77        |                 78.38        |
| 34        | Delhi                | 3552.71    | 3783.29    | 4293.24    | 8322.82    |   6223.73        |               6022.16        |
| 35        | Lakshadweep          | 127.39     | 127.86     | 57.62      | 0.00       |     58.83        |                 33.55        |
| 36        | Puducherry           | 485.38     | 757.62     | 918.91     | 443.19     |    100           |                226.15        |
|           | Total                | 1959407.42 | 2077538.33 | 2383655.62 | 2473509.82 |      2.40302e+06 |                  1.91875e+06 |