Lok Sabha Question No. 156 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-04-25
Subject: Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
Ministry: HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: PANKAJ CHOWDHARY, DEVAJIBHAI GOVINDBHAI FATEPARA, C.S. PUTTARAJU, MAULANA BADRUDDIN AJMAL, ABHISHEK SINGH

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

## DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION AND LITERACY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 156 TO BE ANSWERED ON 25 TH  APRIL, 2016

## Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan

†156. SHRI PANKAJ CHAUDHARY: SHRI DEVAJIBHAI G. FATEPARA: SHRI C.S. PUTTA RAJU: SHRI BADRUDDIN AJMAL: SHRI ABHISHEK SINGH:

Will the Minister of HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

(a) the salient features and funding pattern of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) implemented in the country along with any changes effecting in the same and the reasons therefor;

(b) the details of enrolment of students in the country under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan including the rise/fall in enrolment in rural areas during the last three years, State/UT and year-wise;

(c) whether it is a fact that some States have failed in implementing Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan due to corruption  and  irregularities  and  if  so,  the  details  of  States  where  such  situation  has  been  reported, State/UT-wise;

(d) whether the Government has conducted any survey to assess the quality of learning outcomes of the students and if so, the steps taken by the Government to improve the quality of education at the schools in the country, especially in rural areas; and

(e) the amount of fund earmarked to improve quality of education specially through Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan during the current fiscal year and the steps taken/ proposed to be taken for the judicious use of the funds?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (SMT. SMRITI ZUBIN IRANI)

(a): The  Sarva  Shiksha  Abhiyan  (SSA)  is  implemented  as  a  Centrally  Sponsored  Scheme  in partnership  with  State  Governments  for  universalizing  elementary  education  across  the  country.  Its overall  goals  include  universal  access  and  retention,  bridging  of  gender  and  social  category  gaps  in education and enhancement of learning levels of children. SSA provides for a variety of interventions, including  opening  of  new  schools,  construction  of  schools  and  additional  classrooms,  toilets  and drinking  water,  provisioning  for  teachers,  periodic  teacher  training  and  academic  resource  support, textbooks and support for learning achievement. These provisions are made in accordance with norms and  standards  and  entitlements  as  mandated  by  the  Right  of  Children  to  Free  and  Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, which provides a legal framework that entitles all children between the ages  of  6  to  14  years  free  and  compulsory  admission,  attendance  and  completion  of  elementary education.

The fund sharing pattern  between  the  Central  and  State  Governments  for  SSA  was  in  the ratio of 65:35, except for the North Eastern States for which the ratio is 90:10, from 2010-11 to 201415.  The  fund  sharing  pattern  has  been  revised  in  2015-16  to  the  ratio  of  60:40  between  Centre  and States  except  for  the  8  North-Eastern  States  viz.  Arunachal  Pradesh,  Assam,  Manipur,  Meghalaya, Mizoram,  Nagaland,  Sikkim  &  Tripura  and  3  Himalayan  States  viz.  Jammu  &  Kashmir,  Himachal Pradesh & Uttrakhand where the ratio is 90:10. The Central Government funds 100% in case of Union Territories for SSA with effect from 2015-16. The revision has been done on the basis of the report of the Sub-Group of Chief Ministers on Rationalization of Centrally Sponsored Schemes constituted by the National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog.

(b): As  per  Unified  District  Information  System  for  Education  (U-DISE)  2014-15,  19.8  crore children were enrolled at elementary level in the country. State-wise details of enrolment in government schools in rural areas for last three years are at Annexure.

(c): No, Madam.

(d): The  National  Council  of  Educational  Research  and  Training  (NCERT)  conducts  periodic national surveys of learning achievement of children in classes - III, V, VIII, and X. Four rounds of National Achievement Surveys (NAS) have been conducted so far for class V whereas three rounds have been conducted for classes III & VIII, and one round for class X.

SSA  supports  States/UTs  on  early  grade  reading,  writing  &  comprehension,  and  early Mathematics programmes through a sub-programme namely 'Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat' (PBBB) for classes I and II. Further the Government has launched Rashtriya Aavishkar Abhiyan (RAA) programme on  09.07.2015,  inter  alia,  as  a  sub-component  of  Sarva  Shiksha  Abhiyan  and  Rashtriya  Madhyamik Shiksha  Abhiyan  (RMSA),  to  motivate  and  engage  children  of  the  age  group  from  6-18  years  in Science, Mathematics and Technology through observation, experimentation, inference drawing, model building, etc. both through inside and outside classroom activities. Additionally, under SSA, the State Governments  and  UT  Administrations  are  supported  on  several  interventions  to  improve  teaching standards,  including  regular  in-service  teachers'  training,  induction  training  for  newly  recruited teachers, training of all untrained teachers to acquire professional qualifications through Open Distance Learning (ODL) mode, recruitment of additional teachers for improving pupil-teacher ratios, academic support  for  teachers  through  block  and  cluster  resource  centres,    continuous  and  comprehensive evaluation  system  to  equip  the  teacher  to  measure  pupil  performance  and  provide  remedial  action wherever  required,  and  teacher  and  school  grants  for  development  of  appropriate  teaching-learning materials,  etc.  The  Right  of  Children  to  Free  and  Compulsory  Education  (RTE)  Act,  2009  specifies statutory duties and responsibilities of teachers and lays down the minimum qualifications for a person to be eligible for appointment as a teacher in elementary schools.

The Central Government has launched the 'Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya National Mission on Teachers and Teaching' in December, 2014 with a vision to comprehensively address all issues related to  teachers,  teaching,  teacher  preparation,  professional  development,  curriculum  design,  research  in pedagogy and developing effective pedagogy.

The  NCERT has  developed  Performance  Indicators  for  Elementary  Education  (PINDICS)  to track teacher performance and attendance in Government schools, and has shared the same with State Governments/UTs.

Further,  for  improving  the  quality  of  school  education,  the  School  Standards  &  Evaluation framework,  known  as  'Shaala  Siddhi'  has  been  developed  by  National  University  of  Educational Planning  and  Administration  (NUEPA),  to  enable  schools  to  evaluate  their  performance  in  a  more focused and strategic manner and to facilitate them to make professional judgments for improvement.

(e): One of the goals of SSA is enhancing learning levels of children at elementary level. Allocation of outlays of States under SSA are made on the basis of the approved Annual Work Plan & Budgets prepared by the States based on their requirements.  An amount of Rs. 21590.14 crore has been released to  States/UTs  under  SSA  during  2015-16.    The  Budget  Estimated  for  the  year  2016-17  for  SSA  is Rs. 22500 crore.

****

ANNEXURE  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PART  (b)  OF  LOK  SABHA  UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 156 TO BE ANSWERED ON 25 TH  APRIL, 2016 REGARDING SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN ASKED BY SHRI PANKAJ CHAUDHARY, SHRI DEVAJIBHAI G. FATEPARA, SHRI C.S. PUTTA RAJU, SHRI BADRUDDIN AJMAL AND SHRI ABHISHEK SINGH

Statement showing state-wise and year-wise rural enrolment/overall enrollment in Government Schools

|                   | Rural Area (Govt.)   | Rural Area (Govt.)   | Rural Area (Govt.)   | Overall (Govt.)   | Overall (Govt.)   | Overall (Govt.)   |
|-------------------|----------------------|----------------------|----------------------|-------------------|-------------------|-------------------|
| State/UT          | 2012-13              | 2013-14              | 2014-15              | 2012-13           | 2013-14           | 2014-15           |
| A&NISLANDS        | 29465                | 28,861               | 27666                | 40469             | 39515             | 38235             |
| ANDHRA PRADESH    | 5159351              | 5,097,449            | 2891892              | 5994514           | 5967621           | 3368535           |
| ARUNACHAL PRADESH | 214662               | 204,354              | 193035               | 267724            | 254532            | 238730            |
| ASSAM             | 3702258              | 4,210,314            | 4173793              | 4045328           | 4563766           | 4523278           |
| BIHAR             | 17778165             | 18,746,216           | 19149940             | 18828627          | 19853552          | 20266089          |
| CHANDIGARH        | 27267                | 16,333               | 20068                | 107832            | 108212            | 106491            |
| CHHATTISGARH      | 3409393              | 3,220,195            | 3095951              | 3754252           | 3564881           | 3430217           |
| D &NHAVELI        | 34989                | 33,952               | 32110                | 45292             | 44074             | 42203             |
| DAMAN&DIU         | 10971                | 10,713               | 10612                | 15912             | 15268             | 15164             |
| DELHI             | 34129                | 34,779               | 34644                | 1760793           | 1757082           | 1704446           |
| GOA               | 32232                | 31,058               | 29253                | 44120             | 42687             | 39880             |
| GUJARAT           | 5244560              | 5,129,829            | 4980420              | 6215390           | 6105605           | 5941473           |
| HARYANA           | 1791531              | 1,725,011            | 1637021              | 2098675           | 2067684           | 1988816           |
| HIMACHAL PRADESH  | 621659               | 594,314              | 566979               | 657700            | 628831            | 600204            |
| JAMMU &KASHMIR    | 1025622              | 990,445              | 945020               | 1113305           | 1076708           | 1025747           |
| JHARKHAND         | 4776328              | 4,677,929            | 4508119              | 5144565           | 5021552           | 4827868           |
| KARNATAKA         | 3789315              | 3,536,016            | 3591991              | 4621231           | 4277320           | 4360499           |
| KERALA            | 784690               | 761,832              | 749636               | 948567            | 919566            | 906499            |
| LAKSHADWEEP       | 6080                 | 6,186                | 6231                 | 9747              | 8289              | 7888              |
| MADHYA PRADESH    | 8945229              | 8,581,218            | 7859266              | 9913184           | 9511486           | 8715731           |
| MAHARASHTRA       | 5627033              | 5,084,012            | 5001609              | 6985891           | 6312059           | 6205735           |
| MANIPUR           | 177504               | 181,867              | 171084               | 201729            | 207451            | 194536            |
| MEGHALAYA         | 338491               | 339,425              | 342549               | 366590            | 369267            | 372706            |
| MIZORAM           | 129505               | 85,197               | 82408                | 187375            | 129189            | 112447            |
| NAGALAND          | 169432               | 164,918              | 152415               | 198982            | 197871            | 169521            |
| ORISSA            | 5017616              | 4,927,635            | 4824231              | 5458962           | 5357699           | 5243023           |
| PUDUCHERRY        | 31258                | 28,441               | 26464                | 59755             | 54308             | 50499             |
| PUNJAB            | 1752849              | 1,770,769            | 1641680              | 2155102           | 2293421           | 2109774           |
| RAJASTHAN         | 6278704              | 5,940,705            | 5525410              | 6818584           | 6410664           | 5940518           |
| SIKKIM            | 84257                | 79,399               | 71498                | 94028             | 88223             | 79990             |
| TAMIL NADU        | 3175788              | 3,102,985            | 3200809              | 3913563           | 3858172           | 4160251           |
| Telangana         | NA                   | NA                   | 1909771              | NA                | NA                | 2287381           |
| TRIPURA           | 471736               | 437,947              | 422569               | 534569            | 498959            | 485866            |
| UTTAR PRADESH     | 17686077             | 16,952,342           | 16425411             | 18619853          | 17712153          | 17096925          |
| UTTARAKHAND       | 787915               | 754,012              | 713788               | 864675            | 832340            | 791443            |
| WEST BENGAL       | 10946300             | 9,971,232            | 9723462              | 12972344          | 11810855          | 11525326          |
| INDIA             | 110092361            | 107,457,890          | 104738805            | 125059229         | 121960862         | 118973934         |