Lok Sabha Question No. 1343 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-05-02
Subject: Implementation of Right to Education
Ministry: HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: GAURAV GOGOI, NALIN KUMAR KATEEL, RAJENDRA AGRAWAL, JYOTIRADITYA MADHAVRAO SCINDIA, JUGAL KISHORE SHARMA, GOPAL CHINAYYA SHETTY, PR. SENTHILNATHAN, MAULANA BADRUDDIN AJMAL, JAYSHREEBEN  PATEL

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION AND LITERACY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1343 TO BE ANSWERED ON 2 nd  MAY, 2016

## Implementation of Right to Education

## 1343.   SHRI GAURAV GOGOI:

SHRI NALIN KUMAR KATEEL: SHRI RAJENDRA AGRAWAL: SHRI JYOTIRADITYA M. SCINDIA: SHRI JUGAL KISHORE: SHRI GOPAL SHETTY: SHRI PR. SENTHIL NATHAN: SHRI BADRUDDIN AJMAL: SHRIMATI JAYSHREEBEN PATEL:

Will the Minister of HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Government  proposes  to  conduct  a  review  of  implementation  of  Right  to Education Act, especially, in private schools in the country and if so, the details thereof;
- (b) whether the Government has examined the implementation of 25% reservation quota for the students from Economically Weaker Sections in private and Government aided schools under Right to Education Act, 2009 and if so, the details thereof, State/UT-wise during the last three years especially in Uttar Pradesh;
- (c) whether it is a fact that the Kothari Commission had recommended that 6 per cent of the GDP should be spent on education but only 3.9 per cent is being spent on education and if so, the details thereof;
- (d) whether  the  Government has  received  any  proposal  relating  to  reimbursement  of  fee  of students  admitted  under  the  said  quota  from  the  State  Governments,  especially  from  State Government of Maharashtra and if so, the details thereof along with the present status of the said proposal;
- (e) whether    any  research  centres  have  been  established  under  the  said  Act  and  if  so,  the details thereof; and
- (f) the steps taken/proposed to be taken by the Government for effective implementation of the said Act and to increase share of GDP to improve the quality of education in the country?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (SMT. SMRITI ZUBIN IRANI)

(a) : Central Government reviews and monitors implementation of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009 periodically with the States and Union Territories at different  fora,  including  the  State  Education  Ministers'  Conferences.  Educational  data  on outcomes are collected  through Unified  District  Implementation System  of Education  (UDISE) every year.  The combined RTE-SSA programme is reviewed twice every year by Joint Review Mission  (JRM)  comprising  independent  experts  and  members  of  external  funding  agencies, covering all States by rotation.  The status of these evaluations and monitoring is placed in the public domain on the Ministry's website.

The RTE Act, 2009 is implemented by States/UTs in accordance with their RTE rules and regulations.

(b): Section 12 (1) (c) of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009  mandates  that  all  specified  category  schools  and  private  un-aided  schools  shall  admit  in class I (or pre-school, as the case may be), to the extent of at least 25 per cent of the strength of that  class,  children  belonging  to weaker section and disadvantaged group in the neighbourhood and provide free and compulsory education till its completion.

27  States/UTs  have  issued  notifications  or  made  provision  in  their  State  RTE  Rules regarding admission of children belonging to disadvantaged and weaker sections under Section 12 (1) (c). A total of 16 States have reported admission of 18.10 lakh children in 91140 private schools under Section 12 (1) (c) in the year 2014-15. State-wise data regarding number and  proportion  of  seats  in  private  schools  reserved  for  economically  weaker  sections  is  not maintained centrally.

(c): Kothari Commission (1964-66) had recommended that 6 per cent of GDP should be spent on education. The National Policy on Education, 1986, as modified in 1992, had laid down that investment on education be gradually increased to reach a level of 6% of National Income as early as  possible.    Government  has  accorded  high  priority  to  Education  Sector.  Expenditure  on Education in 2011-12, 2012-13 (Revised Estimate) and 2013-14 (Budget Estimate),  as percentage of  Gross  Domestic  Product  (GDP)  has  been  3.98%,  4.35%  and  4.44%  respectively.    During Twelfth  Five  Year  Plan  the  Plan  Outlay  of  Ministry  of  Human  Resource  Development  is Rs.4,53,728  crore  (Rs.3,43,028  crore  for  the  Department  of  School  Education  &  Literacy  and Rs.1,10,700 crore for the Department of Higher Education) as compared to actual expenditure in

Eleventh  Five  year  Plan  of    Rs.1,77,549.76  crore  (Rs.1,37,902.94  crore  for  the  Department  of School Education & Literacy and Rs.39,646.82 crore for the Department of Higher Education).

- (d): The outlay approved in Annual Work Plan & Budget 2015-16 for reimbursement to States towards 25 per cent admissions in private unaided schools for the academic year 2014-15 is as under:

| S. No.   | State         |   No. of Children |   Outlay approved ( ` in lakh) |
|----------|---------------|-------------------|--------------------------------|
| 1        | Chhattisgarh  |             81316 |                       3064.69  |
| 2        | Gujarat       |             13033 |                       1303.3   |
| 3        | Karnataka     |            155378 |                      12355.2   |
| 4        | Odisha        |               310 |                         15.115 |
| 5        | Rajasthan     |            189083 |                       4171.21  |
| 6        | Uttar Pradesh |               108 |                          5.262 |
| 7        | Uttarakhand   |             65889 |                       4150.84  |
|          | Total:        |            505117 |                      25065.6   |

## (e): No, Madam.

- (f): The Central government has taken various measures for effective implementation of the RTE Act, 2009 to improve the quality of elementary education in the country. These are:-
- (i) The  National  Council  of  Educational  Research  and  Training  (NCERT)  conducts periodic national surveys of learning achievement of children in classes - III, V, VIII, and X. Four rounds of National Achievement Surveys (NAS) have been conducted so far for class V whereas three rounds have been conducted for classes III & VIII, and one round for class X.
- (ii) SSA supports States/UTs on early grade reading, writing & comprehension, and early Mathematics  programmes  through  a  sub-programme  namely  'Padhe  Bharat  Badhe Bharat' (PBBB) for classes I and II. Further, the Government has launched Rashtriya Aavishkar Abhiyan (RAA) programme on 09.07.2015, inter alia, as a sub-component of Sarva  Shiksha  Abhiyan  and  Rashtriya  Madhyamik  Shiksha  Abhiyan  (RMSA),  to motivate and engage children of the age group from 6-18 years in Science, Mathematics and  Technology  through  observation,  experimentation,  inference  drawing,  model building, etc. both through inside and outside classroom activities.
- (iii) Under SSA, the State Governments and UT Administrations are supported on several interventions  to  improve  teaching  standards,  including  regular  in-service  teachers' training,  induction  training  for  newly  recruited  teachers,  training  of  all  untrained teachers to acquire professional qualifications through Open Distance Learning (ODL)

mode, recruitment of additional teachers for improving pupil-teacher ratios, academic support  for  teachers  through  block  and  cluster  resource  centres,  continuous  and comprehensive  evaluation  system  to  equip  the  teacher  to  measure  pupil  performance and  provide  remedial  action  wherever  required,  and  teacher  and  school  grants  for development of appropriate teaching-learning materials, etc.

- (iv) The  Central  Government  has  launched  the  'Pandit  Madan  Mohan  Malviya  National Mission on Teachers and Teaching' in December, 2014 with a vision to comprehensively  address  all  issues  related  to  teachers,  teaching,  teacher  preparation, professional  development,  curriculum  design,  research  in  pedagogy  and  developing effective pedagogy.
- (v) The NCERT  has developed Performance Indicators for Elementary Education (PINDICS) to track teacher performance and attendance in Government schools, and has shared the same with State Governments/UTs.
- (vi) Further,  for  improving  the  quality  of  school  education,  the  School  Standards  & Evaluation  framework,  known  as  'Shaala  Siddhi'  has  been  developed  by  National University of Educational Planning and Administration (NUEPA), to enable schools to evaluate  their  performance  in  a  more  focused  and  strategic  manner  and  to  facilitate them to make professional judgments for improvement.

This Department has requested all State Governments for ensuring allocation of adequate amount for the school education sector in their State's Budget in view of the acceptance of the recommendation of the 14 th Finance Commission for higher devolution of funds to States from 32% to 42% of the central divisible pool of taxes for the period from 2015-16 to 2019-20.