Lok Sabha Question No. 444 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2026-02-02
Subject: Condition of Migrant Workers from Uttar Pradesh
Ministry: LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
Asked by: Ms Iqra Choudhary, Shri Pushpendra Saroj, Adv Priya Saroj

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 444

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.02.2026

## CONDITION OF MIGRANT WORKERS FROM UTTAR PRADESH

444.  SHRI PUSHPENDRA SAROJ: ADV PRIYA SAROJ: MS IQRA CHOUDHARY:

Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to state:

- (a)the  district-wise  details  of  the  number  of  migrant  workers  from Uttar Pradesh employed in different destinations of the country during the last five years and the current year, year and State/UTwise;
- (b)the  district-wise  details  of  the  number  of  workers  from  Uttar Pradesh  who  have  migrated  within  the  State  for  employment purposes along with to the destination districts;
- (c)whether  the  Government  has  recorded  an  increase  in  cases  of wage disputes, industrial accidents or denial of social security benefits among the migrant workers in the country, particularly Uttar Pradesh and if so, the details thereof;
- (d)the  details  of  the  number  of  complaints  registered  by  migrant workers from Uttar Pradesh on the e-Shram portal and the Labour Facilitation portals; and
- (e)the details of the measures taken by the Government to ensure inter-State  portability  and  to  strengthen  the  protection  and welfare of migrant workers from Uttar Pradesh who migrate due to a lack of employment opportunities?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT (SUSHRI SHOBHA KARANDLAJE)

- (a)  to  (e):      The  Ministry  of  Labour  &  Employment  has  launched eShram portal, a National Database of the Unorganised Workers on 26th  August,  2021.  The  main  objective  of  the  eShram  portal  is  to create a national database of unorganised workers including migrant workers seeded with Aadhaar, and facilitate delivery under existing

Social Security and Welfare Schemes to such workers. It allows an unorganised worker to register himself or herself on the portal on a selfdeclaration basis. District-wise and  State-wise  details of unorganised workers registered on eShram portal, belonging to Uttar Pradesh,  and  migrated  to  different  States  of  the  country,  are  at Annexure-I and Annexure-II. However, as on 27.01.2026 over 31.49 crore unorganized workers including migrant workers have registered on eShram portal.

District-wise details of the number of workers from Uttar Pradesh  who  have  migrated  within  the  State  for  employment purposes is at Annexure-III.

Till  28.01.2026, 19649 complaints have been registered by migrant workers on the e-Shram portal.

SAMADHAN Portal was launched for facilitating filing of industrial  disputes  by  the  workmen,  employers  and  trade  unions under  the  Industrial  Disputes  Act,  1947.  It  also  has  facilities  for filing of claim cases by workers under the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972, the Minimum Wages Act, 1948, The Payment of Wages Act, 1936, the Equal  Remuneration Act, 1976 & the Maternity Benefit Act, 1961. The portal has user friendly interface and has enhanced for transparency and efficiency of grievance resolution stakeholders.

In keeping with the vision of the Budget Announcement 2024-25 on developing eShram as a One-Stop-Solution for unorganized  workers  to  have  access  to  various  social  security schemes, Ministry of Labour and Employment launched the eShram -'One -StopSolution'  on  21st  October  2024.  eShram'One -StopSolution'  entails  integration  of  different  social  security/  welfare schemes  at  single  portal  i.e.  eShram.  This  enables  unorganised workers registered on eShram to access social security schemes and see benefits availed by them so far, through eShram.

So  far,  fourteen  (14)  schemes  of  different  Central Ministries/ Departments have already been integrated/ mapped with the  eShram  to  enhance  social  security  coverage  to  unorganized workers including Pradhan Mantri Street Vendors Atmanirbhar Nidhi (PMSVANidhi), Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY),Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY),   the

Vikshit  Bharat  Guaranteefor  Rozgar  Ajeevika  Mission  (Gramin) (VBGRAMG),  Pradhan  Mantri  Awas  Yojana -Gramin  (PMAY-G), Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY), Pradhan  Mantri  Awas  Yojana -Urban  (PMAY-U),  Pradhan  Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY), Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi  (PM-KISAN),  One  Nation  One  Ration  Card  (ONORC)  and Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandna Yojana (PMMVY), etc.

Apart  from  the  above,  eShram  has  linkages  with  National Career Service (NCS) for Job Opportunities, Skill India Digital Hub (SIDH) for Skill Development and Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maandhan (PM-SYM) for Pension.

The Inter-State Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and  Conditions  of  Services)  Act,  1979  has  been  subsumed  in  the Occupational  Safety,  Health  and  Working  Conditions  (OSH)  Code, 2020.  The  OSH  Code,  provides  for  decent  working  conditions, minimum wages, grievances redressal mechanisms, toll free helpline, protection  from  abuse  and  exploitation,  and  social  security  to  all category  of  organised  and  unorganized  workers  including  migrant workers. The Code will be applicable to every establishment in which ten  or  more  inter-state  migrant  workers  are  employed  or  were employed on any day in the preceding twelve months.

Labour being under the Concurrent List, the enforcement of labour laws is done by the State Governments and the Central Government in their respective jurisdictions. While in the Central Sphere, the enforcement is done through the Inspecting Officers of Central Industrial Relations Machinery, the compliance in the State Sphere is ensured through the State Labour Enforcement Machinery.

***                                      *****

Annexure referred to in reply to part (a) to (e) of Lok Sabha Un-Starred Question No. 444 for 02.02.2026 regarding 'Condition of Migrant Workers From Uttar Pradesh'

District-wise number of unorganised workers registered on eShram, who belongs to Uttar Pradesh and migrated to different States/ UTs of the country as on 28.01.2026:

|   S. No. | District Name       | Outward Migrants   |
|----------|---------------------|--------------------|
|        1 | Agra                | 2,195              |
|        2 | Aligarh             | 2,708              |
|        3 | Ambedkar Nagar      | 4,090              |
|        4 | Amethi              | 3,969              |
|        5 | Amroha              | 849                |
|        6 | Auraiya             | 1,953              |
|        7 | Ayodhya             | 3,633              |
|        8 | Azamgarh            | 11,247             |
|        9 | Baghpat             | 855                |
|       10 | Bahraich            | 3,208              |
|       11 | Ballia              | 8,116              |
|       12 | Balrampur           | 3,566              |
|       13 | Banda               | 2,635              |
|       14 | Bara Banki          | 1,496              |
|       15 | Bareilly            | 4,415              |
|       16 | Basti               | 4,866              |
|       17 | Bhadohi             | 4,456              |
|       18 | Bijnor              | 4,440              |
|       19 | Budaun              | 5,124              |
|       20 | Bulandshahr         | 2,073              |
|       21 | Chandauli           | 2,243              |
|       22 | Chitrakoot          | 1,204              |
|       23 | Deoria              | 7,767              |
|       24 | Etah                | 1,838              |
|       25 | Etawah              | 1,828              |
|       26 | Farrukhabad         | 2,177              |
|       27 | Fatehpur            | 3,264              |
|       28 | Firozabad           | 1,960              |
|       29 | Gautam Buddha Nagar | 2,608              |
|       30 | Ghaziabad           | 3,180              |
|       31 | Ghazipur            | 7,311              |
|       32 | Gonda               | 6,188              |
|       33 | Gorakhpur           | 7,840              |
|       34 | Hamirpur            | 1,473              |
|       35 | Hapur               | 293                |
|       36 | Hardoi              | 6,484              |
|       37 | Hathras             | 1,312              |
|       38 | Jalaun              | 2,070              |
|       39 | Jaunpur             | 15,463             |
|       40 | Jhansi              | 1,647              |
|       41 | Kannauj             | 1,933              |
|       42 | Kanpur Dehat        | 1,533              |
|       43 | Kanpur Nagar        | 1,864              |
|       44 | Kasganj             | 1,875              |

| S. No.   | District Name    | Outward Migrants   |
|----------|------------------|--------------------|
| 45       | Kaushambi        | 1,543              |
| 46       | Kheri            | 2,296              |
| 47       | Kushinagar       | 5,806              |
| 48       | Lalitpur         | 687                |
| 49       | Lucknow          | 1,252              |
| 50       | Mahoba           | 1,543              |
| 51       | Mahrajganj       | 3,193              |
| 52       | Mainpuri         | 2,221              |
| 53       | Mathura          | 1,597              |
| 54       | Mau              | 4,276              |
| 55       | Meerut           | 908                |
| 56       | Mirzapur         | 2,667              |
| 57       | Moradabad        | 1,575              |
| 58       | Muzaffarnagar    | 1,472              |
| 59       | Pilibhit         | 1,671              |
| 60       | Pratapgarh       | 7,256              |
| 61       | Prayagraj        | 6,062              |
| 62       | Rae Bareli       | 4,085              |
| 63       | Rampur           | 1,638              |
| 64       | Saharanpur       | 1,701              |
| 65       | Sambhal          | 1,682              |
| 66       | Sant Kabir Nagar | 3,679              |
| 67       | Shahjahanpur     | 3,662              |
| 68       | Shamli           | 755                |
| 69       | Shrawasti        | 1,139              |
| 70       | Siddharthnagar   | 5,415              |
| 71       | Sitapur          | 2,735              |
| 72       | Sonbhadra        | 845                |
| 73       | Sultanpur        | 5,322              |
| 74       | Unnao            | 4,661              |
| 75       | Varanasi         | 4,064              |
| Total    | Total            | 2,48,657           |

Annexure referred to in reply to part (a) to (e) of Lok Sabha Un-Starred Question No. 444 for 02.02.2026 regarding 'Condition of Migrant Workers From Uttar Pradesh'.

Number of unorganised workers registered on eShram who belongs to Uttar Pradesh and migrated to different States/ UTs of the country as on 28.01.2026:

| S. No.   | State         | Migrant in state                             | Migrant out count   |
|----------|---------------|----------------------------------------------|---------------------|
| 1        | Uttar Pradesh | Andaman And Nicobar Islands                  | 67                  |
| 2        | Uttar Pradesh | Andhra Pradesh                               | 331                 |
| 3        | Uttar Pradesh | Arunachal Pradesh                            | 422                 |
| 4        | Uttar Pradesh | Assam                                        | 510                 |
| 5        | Uttar Pradesh | Bihar                                        | 3,545               |
| 6        | Uttar Pradesh | Chandigarh                                   | 2,376               |
| 7        | Uttar Pradesh | Chhattisgarh                                 | 1,089               |
| 8        | Uttar Pradesh | Delhi                                        | 40,015              |
| 9        | Uttar Pradesh | Goa                                          | 1,187               |
| 10       | Uttar Pradesh | Gujarat                                      | 34,167              |
| 11       | Uttar Pradesh | Haryana                                      | 48,049              |
| 12       | Uttar Pradesh | Himachal Pradesh                             | 4,863               |
| 13       | Uttar Pradesh | Jammu and Kashmir                            | 2,225               |
| 14       | Uttar Pradesh | Jharkhand                                    | 904                 |
| 15       | Uttar Pradesh | Karnataka                                    | 2,270               |
| 16       | Uttar Pradesh | Kerala                                       | 371                 |
| 17       | Uttar Pradesh | Ladakh                                       | 9                   |
| 18       | Uttar Pradesh | Lakshadweep                                  | 4                   |
| 19       | Uttar Pradesh | Madhya Pradesh                               | 3,749               |
| 20       | Uttar Pradesh | Maharashtra                                  | 57,577              |
| 21       | Uttar Pradesh | Manipur                                      | 80                  |
| 22       | Uttar Pradesh | Meghalaya                                    | 28                  |
| 23       | Uttar Pradesh | Mizoram                                      | 6                   |
| 24       | Uttar Pradesh | Nagaland                                     | 149                 |
| 25       | Uttar Pradesh | Odisha                                       | 343                 |
| 26       | Uttar Pradesh | Puducherry                                   | 8                   |
| 27       | Uttar Pradesh | Punjab                                       | 19,588              |
| 28       | Uttar Pradesh | Rajasthan                                    | 4,609               |
| 29       | Uttar Pradesh | Sikkim                                       | 60                  |
| 30       | Uttar Pradesh | Tamil Nadu                                   | 665                 |
| 31       | Uttar Pradesh | Telangana                                    | 1,886               |
| 32       | Uttar Pradesh | The Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu | 3,010               |
| 33       | Uttar Pradesh | Tripura                                      | 16                  |
| 34       | Uttar Pradesh | Uttarakhand                                  | 12,343              |
| 35       | Uttar Pradesh | West Bengal                                  | 2,136               |
| Total    | Total         | Total                                        | 2,48,657            |

## Annexure-III

Annexure referred to in reply to part (a) to (e) of Lok Sabha Un-Starred Question No. 444 for 02.02.2026 regarding 'Condition of Migrant Workers From Uttar Pradesh'.

District-wise details of the number of workers from Uttar Pradesh who have migrated to a different district of Uttar Pradesh as on 28.01.2026:

|   S. No. | Row Labels          | Outward Migration   | Inward Migration   |
|----------|---------------------|---------------------|--------------------|
|        1 | Agra                | 728                 | 941                |
|        2 | Aligarh             | 1,661               | 791                |
|        3 | Ambedkar Nagar      | 1,077               | 343                |
|        4 | Amethi              | 707                 | 271                |
|        5 | Amroha              | 466                 | 247                |
|        6 | Auraiya             | 868                 | 270                |
|        7 | Ayodhya             | 853                 | 516                |
|        8 | Azamgarh            | 1,809               | 627                |
|        9 | Baghpat             | 390                 | 202                |
|       10 | Bahraich            | 557                 | 342                |
|       11 | Ballia              | 1,942               | 393                |
|       12 | Balrampur           | 379                 | 216                |
|       13 | Banda               | 543                 | 242                |
|       14 | Bara Banki          | 1,002               | 428                |
|       15 | Bareilly            | 962                 | 763                |
|       16 | Basti               | 961                 | 373                |
|       17 | Bhadohi             | 502                 | 257                |
|       18 | Bijnor              | 639                 | 247                |
|       19 | Budaun              | 1,534               | 398                |
|       20 | Bulandshahr         | 2,341               | 876                |
|       21 | Chandauli           | 826                 | 360                |
|       22 | Chitrakoot          | 238                 | 139                |
|       23 | Deoria              | 1,797               | 470                |
|       24 | Etah                | 1,188               | 337                |
|       25 | Etawah              | 739                 | 325                |
|       26 | Farrukhabad         | 1,044               | 327                |
|       27 | Fatehpur            | 665                 | 288                |
|       28 | Firozabad           | 839                 | 395                |
|       29 | Gautam Buddha Nagar | 2,505               | 19,085             |
|       30 | Ghaziabad           | 1,917               | 9,089              |
|       31 | Ghazipur            | 1,836               | 530                |
|       32 | Gonda               | 1,032               | 446                |
|       33 | Gorakhpur           | 1,582               | 1,924              |
|       34 | Hamirpur            | 751                 | 298                |
|       35 | Hapur               | 574                 | 293                |
|       36 | Hardoi              | 2,456               | 474                |
|       37 | Hathras             | 858                 | 265                |
|       38 | Jalaun              | 626                 | 220                |
|       39 | Jaunpur             | 1,662               | 704                |
|       40 | Jhansi              | 383                 | 343                |

| S. No.      | Row Labels       | Outward Migration   | Inward Migration   |
|-------------|------------------|---------------------|--------------------|
| 41          | Kannauj          | 869                 | 277                |
| 42          | Kanpur Dehat     | 918                 | 368                |
| 43          | Kanpur Nagar     | 1,481               | 2,448              |
| 44          | Kasganj          | 842                 | 274                |
| 45          | Kaushambi        | 398                 | 130                |
| 46          | Kheri            | 808                 | 300                |
| 47          | Kushinagar       | 1,473               | 710                |
| 48          | Lalitpur         | 116                 | 65                 |
| 49          | Lucknow          | 1,739               | 8,729              |
| 50          | Mahoba           | 708                 | 171                |
| 51          | Mahrajganj       | 799                 | 394                |
| 52          | Mainpuri         | 1,260               | 321                |
| 53          | Mathura          | 530                 | 503                |
| 54          | Mau              | 964                 | 451                |
| 55          | Meerut           | 863                 | 843                |
| 56          | Mirzapur         | 903                 | 377                |
| 57          | Moradabad        | 462                 | 561                |
| 58          | Muzaffarnagar    | 527                 | 322                |
| 59          | Pilibhit         | 360                 | 193                |
| 60          | Pratapgarh       | 1,342               | 389                |
| 61          | Prayagraj        | 1,352               | 2,257              |
| 62          | Rae Bareli       | 859                 | 428                |
| 63          | Rampur           | 349                 | 206                |
| 64          | Saharanpur       | 486                 | 431                |
| 65          | Sambhal          | 734                 | 281                |
| 66          | Sant Kabir Nagar | 735                 | 348                |
| 67          | Shahjahanpur     | 1,178               | 558                |
| 68          | Shamli           | 225                 | 130                |
| 69          | Shrawasti        | 169                 | 108                |
| 70          | Siddharthnagar   | 693                 | 363                |
| 71          | Sitapur          | 1,421               | 495                |
| 72          | Sonbhadra        | 370                 | 729                |
| 73          | Sultanpur        | 1,067               | 471                |
| 74          | Unnao            | 1,230               | 504                |
| 75          | Varanasi         | 959                 | 2,438              |
| Grand Total |                  | 72,628              | 72,628             |

*****