Lok Sabha Question No. 1745 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-12-10
Subject: Ethical Implication of AI
Ministry: ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Asked by: Shri Sunil Kumar

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1745

TO BE ANSWERED ON: 10.12.2025

## ETHICAL IMPLICATION OF AI

## †1745. SHRI SUNIL KUMAR:

Will the Minister of ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY be pleased to state:

- (a)  the  present  status  of  adopting  Artificial  Intelligence  (Al)  in  the  public  sector  including  its applications in governance and service delivery;
- (b)  the  details  of  Al-based  projects  implemented  by  the  Government  including  their  outcomes  and impact;
- (c) the measures taken to address the ethical implications of Al including transparency, accountability and fairness; and
- (d) whether the Government contemplates to develop a framework for Al Governance and regulation in the country?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (SHRI JITIN PRASADA)

(a) to (d): India's AI strategy is based on Hon'ble Prime Minister's vision to democratise the use of technology. It aims to address India-centric challenges, create economic and employment opportunities for all Indians.

Government is committed to harnessing the power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for the good of our people in sectors like healthcare, agriculture and education.

Artificial Intelligence is increasingly being used in Governance and public services by various Central and State Government Departments and Organizations. The details of AI services implemented by NIC in Central projects are placed at Annexure-I

## India's AI strategy:

The government launched the IndiaAI mission in March 2024. It is a strategic initiative to establish a robust and inclusive AI ecosystem aligned with India's development goals.

IndiaAI Application Development pillar aims to develop AI applications for India specific challenges in  sectors  such  as  climate  change  and  disaster  management,  healthcare,  agriculture,  governance,  and assistive technologies for learning disabilities.

As on date, 30 (thirty) applications have been approved. Details are placed at Annexure-II.

In addition, sector-specific hackathons have been organized by IndiaAI mission in partnership with other ministries and government institutions.

- CyberGuard AI Hackathon organised in collaboration with the Indian Cybercrime Coordination Centre (I4C) under the Ministry of Home Affairs to develop AI-driven solutions for cybersecurity.
- IndiaAI Hackathon on Mineral Targeting 2025 in  collaboration  with  Geological  Survey  of India  (GSI)  under  the  Ministry  of  Mines  to  enable  AI-driven  identification  of  new  potential exploration zones for critical minerals such as REE, Ni-PGE, and copper.
- o Also targets commodities like diamond, iron, manganese, and gold within a defined 39,000 sq. km area across Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
- Cancer  AI  &  Technology  Challenge  (CATCH) in  collaboration  with  National  Cancer  Grid (NCG) to drive patient-centric innovations.
- o Enhance early screening, diagnostic accuracy, treatment decisions, operational efficiency, & patient engagement in the public healthcare system
- o Promotes collaboration between clinical institutions & technology developers to ensure AI solutions are both technically robust and clinically validated

Safe  &  Trusted  AI pillar  enables  the  implementation  of  Responsible  AI  projects,  including  the development of indigenous tools and frameworks, self-assessment checklists for innovators, and other guidelines and governance frameworks.

Thirteen projects focusing on diverse themes have been selected through Expression of Interest process. These are currently under development and aims to ensure adequate guardrails for protecting the safety, security, and trust of citizens.

Details are placed at Annexure-III.

The India AI Governance Guidelines was released on 5 November 2025. It provide a comprehensive national framework to ensure the safe, responsible, and inclusive development and deployment of Artificial Intelligence in the country.

It outlines the principles and best practices for transparency, accountability, fairness, safety, and security in AI systems.

*****

## Details of AI Services Implemented in Central Projects:

|   Sl. No. | Sector                     | AI Initiatives in Central Government Projects &Public Services                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
|-----------|----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|         1 | Agriculture                | 1. AI Matra - Text Transliteration &AI Panini - Text Translation Services taken for Kisan Suvidha app and Agmarknet portal 2. Name Similarity Checking API Services facilitated for PMKisan                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
|         2 | Commerce& Industry         | 1. AI Parkhi - Document Image Analysis for Online Paperless Licensing of PESO for legibility in engineering drawings                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
|         3 | DoNER                      | 1. AI Anveshika GenAI Services bot created                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
|         4 | Education                  | 1. AI Satyapikaanan - Realtime Photo Image Analytics for forms submission for NTA's JEE/NEET exam, CBSE/CTET, eCounseling, National Recruitment Agency 2. VANI - Chatbot implemented for National Scholarship Portal                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
|         5 | Finance                    | 1. VANI - Chatbot services for eWay bill, eInvoice &eChallan                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
|         6 | Governance& Administration | 1. VANI - Multilingual chatbot services for eOffice, eProcurement, Prayas etc. 2. AI Matra, AI Panini &AI Saransh services facilitated for Collabfiles, Tejas, Bharat maps, Viksit Bharat, Digital Archiving& Management 3. AI Shruti streaming for Video Conferencing Webcast, VANI 4. AI Saransh services facilitated for Collabfiles, Office Automation Division, MyGov 5. AI Satyapikaanan , AI Parkhi &AI Abhigyan for ServicePlus |
|         7 | Health                     | 1. AI Matra Services facilitated for generating Sickle Cell Anaemia card in regional languages 2. Abnormality Prediction from Chest Xrays for early detection of TB with ethical clearance from AIIMS Rajkot. Being used by BSF as well as NorthEast &J&K in NextGen eHospital through CollabDDS software                                                                                                                               |
|         8 | Home Affairs               | 1. AI Satyapikaanan - Face recognition from prisoners' data for checking status of suspects in ICJS portal 2. Crowd Count Service facilitated for one of the agencies                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
|         9 | Information& Broadcasting  | 1. VANI - Chatbot implemented for Press Registrar General of India                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |

## Annexure-I

|   10. | Judiciary                   | 1. AI Shruti - Speech to Text Services in 10 languages for Digital Courts 2.0 2. AI Panini - Text Translation Services for Supreme Court& Digital Courts 3. AI Saransh - Text Summarisation Service for eCourts 4. AI Anveshika - Gen AI bot created for eSCR rulings. Being utilized by Supreme Court of India 5. VANI - chatbot services facilitated for NALSA   |
|-------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|    11 | Legislative Department      | 1. AI Anveshika - Gen AI bot for Laws, Rules &Notifications of Central laws of India Code Portal created                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
|    12 | MSME                        | 1. AI Saransh - Text Summarisation &Text Deduplication for uniqueness of ideas in applications in Champions portal (hackathon) of MSME                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
|    13 | Panchayati Raj              | 1. AI Vihangam Drishti - GeoSpatial Analytics PoC for Concrete Rooftop identification and area estimation in Drone images for solar panelling                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
|    14 | Parliament                  | 1. AI Panini facilitated for Digital Library website 2. AI Anveshika - Gen AI Bot for parliamentarians                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
|    15 | Power                       | 1. AI Anveshika Gen AI Services Bot created for CERC                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
|    16 | Rural Development           | 1. AI Matra - for land parcel data for matrubhoomi Geo portal of RD                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
|    17 | Social Justice& Empowerment | 1. AI Panini - for parliament queries reply translations                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
|    18 | Transport                   | 1. AI Satyapikaanan - Face Verification Services for Online Learners License Exam, Automatic Driving license renewal 2. VANI - Chatbot services for Vahan, Sarathi Parivahan 3. Name Deduplication API Services facilitated for Vahan                                                                                                                              |
|    19 | UPSC                        | 1. AI Satyapikaanan Image Analytics Services Implemented for exams 2. PoC ongoing for Disciplinary Case Proceedings using AI Saransh 3. Bot on Conduct Rules and UPSC Advice through AI Anveshika services 4. Name Changes checking from Gazette pages facilitated for UPSC                                                                                        |

## Details of IndiaAI Innovation Challenge: Shortlisted Solutions

|   SL. NO | NAME OF THE SOLUTION                                                                                | SOLUTION DESCRIPTION                                                                                                                                                         | THEME       |
|----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|
|        1 | Promoting regenerative agriculture practices for a sustainable future using AI                      | Measurement, Reporting, and Verification technology designed to ensure the integrity and quality of generated carbon credits.                                                | Agriculture |
|        2 | Krishi Sah'AI'yak - Farming Co-pilot                                                                | AI-powered conversational co-pilot to provide personalized advisory to farmers in Indic languages.                                                                           | Agriculture |
|        3 | Kadalcompass - We Amplify the voice of water using Hydro-AI,Underwater com,IoUT with Sensor Network | 5G-enabled device that transforms fishing practices using AI, IoUT, and advanced communication technologies.                                                                 | Agriculture |
|        4 | KissanCopilot Multilingual Multimodal personalized AI Assistant for small holder farmers            | Powered by Dhenu's vertical LLM for agriculture, provides personalized agricultural advisory services to smallholder farmers.                                                | Agriculture |
|        5 | Rapid, chemical-free soil testing solution using NIR Spectroscopy &AI/ML models                     | End-to-end soil testing approach leverages an offline app, AI-powered spectral device, and ML models to deliver timely, chemical-free soil analysis.                         | Agriculture |
|        6 | AI deep-tech driven quality assessment of Maize                                                     | SAAS platform to provide objective quality assessment of maize including price estimation &sales pipelining.                                                                 | Agriculture |
|        7 | AI-Driven Live Fish Logistics and Mortality Reduction in Aquaculture                                | AI-driven solution that optimizes aquaculture operations.                                                                                                                    | Agriculture |
|        8 | QScan                                                                                               | AI-powered IoT solution that captures critical data throughout the fresh produce lifecycle, providing real-time analysis of food quality and actionable insights to sellers. | Agriculture |
|        9 | Heatwave Resilience: Integrating AI-based Advanced Forecasting for Extreme Heat Events              | Integrates AI-based climate forecasting with health data to develop a targeted risk classification system for heat-health impacts.                                           | Climate     |

## Annexure-II

<!-- image -->

|   10 | Multi-Hazard Susceptibility Mapping                                                              | Hazard management system to predict Landslides, Debris Flows and Flash Floods.                                                                                                                   | Climate    |
|------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|
|   11 | DeepFlood: Rapid flood inundation mapping using Vision Transformers and Satellite Data           | Advanced flood inundation mapping tool using SAR data and deep learning models for real-time, automated flood detection.                                                                         | Climate    |
|   12 | ⁠Moskeet: Climate impact on mosquito-borne diseases                                              | AI-powered platform integrates real-time climate data with mosquito tracking to predict and prevent disease outbreaks.                                                                           | Climate    |
|   13 | End to End AI Cloud Platform for Radiology Diagnosis                                             | AI cloud platform for radiology diagnosis, integrating innovative technologies such as CV, GenAI, NLP, Dicom, mobile, and cloud computing.                                                       | Healthcare |
|   14 | NIDAAN (iNtegrated lung health screening& tuberculosIs Detection through Ai At National scale)   | qXR, an advanced AI tool for interpreting chest X-rays (CXR), detects &localizes 30+ findings.                                                                                                   | Healthcare |
|   15 | Impactful AI solution, preventing preventable blindness, for socio- economic transformation.     | Early detection of vision threatening retinal abnormalities.                                                                                                                                     | Healthcare |
|   16 | AI Powered Wearable Technology for Detection& Diagnosis of Musculoskeletal Joint Health Pain.    | AI Enabled Hardware Platform for Joint Pain Diagnostics and Rehabilitation Segments of Healthcare.                                                                                               | Healthcare |
|   17 | VoxelBox                                                                                         | Neuro-informatics platform that allows to map the functional maps / connectomics of the human brain.                                                                                             | Healthcare |
|   18 | Development of Ocellux: An AI-Based Solution for Enhanced Early Diabetic Eye Screening in INDIA. | Portable, affordable and highly accessible retina imaging device powered by AI for early detection of eye diseases like Diabetic Retinopathy, AMD&Glaucoma.                                      | Healthcare |
|   19 | Revolutionizing healthcare using doctor-led AI                                                   | AI-powered personal doctor available 24x7 and free of cost, designed to assist people when they are sick, monitor their health through wearables, and act as a health coach to prevent diseases. | Healthcare |

<!-- image -->

|   20 | AI/ML enabled MafPro device platform for cancer staging, localization, and margins.   | MafPro handheld detector provides a radiation-free, non-invasive, safe and cost- effective solution that can reliably detect and adequately evaluate metastases in lymph nodes using AI/ML based algorithms.   | Healthcare            |
|------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|
|   21 | Readabled (Online Dyslexia Training)                                                  | Web-based application designed to help children with dyslexia improve phonetic awareness through interactive exercises.                                                                                        | Learning disabilities |
|   22 | Voice fusion AI                                                                       | AI application to provide assistive support to individuals with SLDs in multiple Indian languages.                                                                                                             | Learning disabilities |
|   23 | ScreenPlay - a digital game based screening tool for autism and related disorders.    | Digital, game-based screening tool designed to identify children aged 3 to 6 who may be at risk for autism or related developmental conditions.                                                                | Learning disabilities |
|   24 | Jiveesha                                                                              | AI-powered diagnostic platform for early detection of SLDs.                                                                                                                                                    | Learning disabilities |
|   25 | Adaptive Learning and Detection for SLDs                                              | Advanced AI techniques to detect SLDs such as dyslexia, dysgraphia, and dyscalculia.                                                                                                                           | Learning disabilities |
|   26 | Special Educator AI                                                                   | AI-driven system designed to address India's shortage of special educators and support children with SLDs.                                                                                                     | Learning disabilities |
|   27 | ConvoZen.AI by NoBroker Technologies                                                  | AI-powered conversational platform that automates customer engagement across channels like chat, voice, email, and social media, offering fast, personalized, and multilingual support.                        | Governance            |
|   28 | AI contact center                                                                     | AI-powered technologies like machine translation, NLP, ASR and TTS, and multilingual voice recognition to enhance governance by improving communication and accessibility across India's linguistic diversity. | Governance            |

<!-- image -->

|   29 | Adalat AI: AI solutions for Courts   | AI-powered platform provides real-time multilingual transcription, translation, live case flow management, and WhatsApp chatbots to streamline courtroom operations.   | Governance   |
|------|--------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|
|   30 | Gov.Civis.Vote                       | AI-powered Digital Public Infrastructure designed to transform public consultations in India by making citizen engagement more inclusive, scalable, and comprehensive. | Governance   |

## Annexure-III

## Details of projects selected under the Safe and Trusted Pillar are as follows:

| NAME OF THE THEME                  | SELECTED APPLICANT                                                                | TITLE OF THE PROJECT                                                                                                                                                              |
|------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Machine Unlearning                 | IIT Jodhpur                                                                       | Machine Unlearning in Generative Foundation Models                                                                                                                                |
| Synthetic Data Generation          | IIT Roorkee                                                                       | Design and Development of Method for Generating Synthetic Data for Mitigating Bias in Datasets; and Framework for Mitigating Bias in Machine Learning Pipeline for Responsible AI |
| AI Bias Mitigation Strategy        | National Institute of Technology Raipur                                           | Development of Responsible Artificial Intelligence for Bias Mitigation in Health Care Systems                                                                                     |
| Explainable AI Framework           | DIAT Pune and Mindgraph Technology Pvt. Ltd.                                      | Enabling Explainable and Privacy Preserving AI for Security                                                                                                                       |
| Privacy Enhancing Strategy         | IIT Delhi, IIIT Delhi, IIT Dharwad and Telecommunication Engineering Center (TEC) | Robust Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning Models                                                                                                                                 |
| AI Ethical Certification Framework | IIIT Delhi and Telecommunication Engineering Center (TEC)                         | Tools for assessing fairness of AI model                                                                                                                                          |
| AI Algorithm Auditing Tool         | Civic Data Labs                                                                   | ParakhAI: An open-source framework and toolkit for Participatory Algorithmic Auditing                                                                                             |
| AI Governance Testing Framework    | Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham and Telecommunication Engineering Center (TEC)         | Track-LLM, Transparency, Risk Assessment, Context &Knowledge for Large Language Models                                                                                            |
| Deepfake Detection Tool            | IIT Jodhpur (CI)& IIT Madras                                                      | Saakshya: Multi-Agent, RAG-Enhanced Framework for Deepfake Detection and Governance                                                                                               |

|                                 | IIT Mandi &Directorate of Forensic Services, Himachal Pradesh   | AI Vishleshak: Improving Audio-Visual Deepfake Detection and Handwritten Signature Forgery Detection with Adversarial Robustness, Explainability& Domain Generalization   |
|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|                                 | IIT Kharagpur                                                   | Real-Time Voice Deepfake Detection System                                                                                                                                 |
| Bias Mitigation                 | Digital Futures Lab &Karya                                      | Evaluating Gender Bias in Agriculture LLMs- Creating Digital Public Goods (DPG) for Benchmarking and Fair Data Work                                                       |
| Penetration Testing& Evaluation | Globals ITES Pvt Ltd &IIIT Dharwad                              | Anvil: Penetration Testing &Evaluation Tool for LLM and Generative AI                                                                                                     |

********