Lok Sabha Question No. 211 (STARRED), answered on 2016-08-01
Subject: Evaluation of Development Schemes for Tribals
Ministry: TRIBAL AFFAIRS
Asked by: SAKUNTALA LAGURI, LAXMAN GILUWA

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA (MINISTRY OF TRIBAL AFFAIRS)

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. *211

TO BE ANSWERED ON 01.08.2016

## EVALUATION OF DEVELOPMENT SCHEMES FOR TRIBALS

## *211 . SHRIMATI SAKUNTALA LAGURI: SHRI LAXMAN GILUWA:

Will the Minister of TRIBAL AFFAIRS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  on-the-spots  visits/surveys  are  conducted  to  ascertain  realisation  of  actual benefits to tribals through implementation of ongoing development schemes in the country;
- (b) if so, the outcome thereof indicating the number of visits/surveys conducted in this regard during the last three years, State / UT-wise;
- (c) whether  representatives  of  tribals  are  consulted/involved  and  their  views  sought during such visits/surveys and if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor along with the reaction of the Government thereto;
- (d) the corrective measures taken by the Government in this regard; and
- (e) the  other  steps  taken/being  taken  by  the  Government  to  ensure  that  the  benefits  of various schemes meant for the tribals in the country actually reach the intended beneficiaries?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF TRIBAL AFFAIRS (SHRI JUAL ORAM)

- (a) to (e): A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

Statement referred to in reply to parts (a)  to  (e)  of  Lok  Sabha Starred  Question  No. *211 for 01.08.2016 by ShrimatiSakuntalaLaguri, Shri LaxmanGiluwa, MPs, regarding 'Evaluation of Development Schemes for Tribals'.

(a): Yes, Madam.

(b): Improvements  in  socio-economic  conditions  of  Scheduled  Tribes  (STs)  across country  are  assessed  through  decennial  Census  conducted  by  Office  of  Registrar  General, India;  large  scale  sample  surveys  conducted  by  National  Sample  Survey  Office  (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics &Programme Implementation; various surveys conducted by Ministry of Health & Family Welfare; Agricultural Census conducted by Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, etc.    State / UT wise data pertaining to STs based on Census and different surveys are at Annexures I to IV.

In addition to above, officials of Ministry of Tribal Affairs (including Ministers) and National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (Chairman, Vice Chairman and Members) visit often States / different locations and review progress of tribal development programmes.

Very often cognizance of media report is the basis on which special visits of officers are undertaken and reports from concerned State Governments are also called.

(c):  Guidelines  for  release  and  utilisation  of  grants  under  proviso  (1)  of  Article  275  of Constitution issued by this Ministry on 2 nd July, 2002, have stressed on peoples' participation in tribal development. (Also, reiterated in guidelines for Special Central Assistance (SCA) to Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) dated 2 nd May, 2003 and on 4 th March, 2014). Names and nature of benefit  of  individual  beneficiaries  should  be  disclosed  to  the  Gram  Sabha  and  the  Gram Panchayat.

Revised  Guidelines  issued  by  Ministry  on  17.6.2016  (SCA  to  TSP)  and  20.6.2016 [Article 275 (1) Grants] (on Ministry's website - http://tribal.nic.in) also emphasize feedback of Panchayati Raj Institutions and representatives. In addition, evaluation studies and surveys are also a must.

(d):    Corrective  measures  are  worked  out  based  on  feedback  from  field  functionaries  and representatives  of  tribals.  Recently,  guidelines  for  projects  /  activities  have  been  modified accordingly.

Initiatives are taken to ensure that tribals get their due. Schemes being implemented by Ministry of Tribal Affairs are at Annexure V.

(e): Occasionally, evaluation of projects / schemes run by Ministry through Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) / Voluntary Organizations (VOs) is also done through outside agency / third party.  Inspections are also being conducted by officials of Ministry, National  Scheduled  Tribes  Finance  and  Development  Corporation  (NSTFDC),  National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) and Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India Limited (TRIFED).

****

## Annexures-I to IV referred to in reply to part (b) of Lok Sabha Starred Question No. * 211 for Answer on 01.08.2016.

Annexure -I Shortfall of Doctors at Primary Health Centres (PHCs) in Tribal Areas during 2013, 2014 and 2015

|   S. No. | State/UT            | 2013   | 2014   | 2015   |
|----------|---------------------|--------|--------|--------|
|        1 | Andhra Pradesh      | **     | **     | **     |
|        2 | Arunachal Pradesh # | 5      | 25     | 15     |
|        3 | Assam               | 144    | 83     | 83     |
|        4 | Bihar               | 5      | 5      | 5      |
|        5 | Chhattisgarh        | 285    | 262    | 255    |
|        6 | Goa                 | **     | **     | **     |
|        7 | Gujarat             | 87     | 52     | 111    |
|        8 | Haryana *           | 0      | 0      | 0      |
|        9 | Himachal Pradesh    | 5      | 0      | **     |
|       10 | Jammu &Kashmir      | **     | **     | **     |
|       11 | Jharkhand           | **     | **     | 0      |
|       12 | Karnataka           | 14     | 25     | 26     |
|       13 | Kerala              | **     | **     | **     |
|       14 | Madhya Pradesh      | 29     | 29     | 33     |
|       15 | Maharashtra         | **     | **     | **     |
|       16 | Manipur             | **     | **     | **     |
|       17 | Meghalaya #         | **     | **     | **     |
|       18 | Mizoram #           | 8      | 8      | 8      |
|       19 | Nagaland #          | **     | 0      | **     |
|       20 | Odisha              | 83     | 205    | 205    |
|       21 | Punjab *            | 0      | 0      | 0      |
|       22 | Rajasthan           | **     | 2      | -35    |
|       23 | Sikkim              | **     | 5      | **     |
|       24 | Tamil Nadu          | **     | **     | **     |
|       25 | Telangana@          | -      | -      | **     |
|       26 | Tripura             | **     | **     | **     |
|       27 | Uttarakhand         | **     | **     | **     |
|       28 | Uttar Pradesh       | **     | NA     | NA     |
|       29 | West Bengal         | **     | **     | **     |
|       30 | A&NIslands          | **     | **     | **     |
|       31 | Chandigarh *        | 0      | 0      | 0      |
|       32 | D &NHaveli #        | 0      | 0      | **     |
|       33 | Daman &Diu          | 0      | 0      | 0      |
|       34 | Delhi *             | 0      | 0      | 0      |
|       35 | Lakshadweep #       | **     | **     | **     |
|       36 | Puducherry *        | 0      | 0      | 0      |

Source: Rural Health Statistics, M/o Health and Family Welfare

Annexure-II Number of PHCs in Tribal Areas (during 2013, 2014 and 2015)

|       |                     | 2013   | 2013   | 2013   | 2014   | 2014   | 2014   | 2015   | 2015   | 2015   |
|-------|---------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
| S.No. | State/ UT           | R      | P      | S      | R      | P      | S      | R      | P      | S      |
| 1     | Andhra Pradesh      | 261    | 223    | 38     | 261    | 223    | 38     | 114    | 130    | **     |
| 2     | Arunachal Pradesh # | 39     | 97     | **     | 39     | 117    | **     | 39     | 117    | **     |
| 3     | Assam               | 183    | 283    | **     | 183    | 283    | **     | 183    | 283    | **     |
| 4     | Bihar               | 63     | 6      | 57     | 63     | 6      | 57     | 63     | 6      | 57     |
| 5     | Chhattisgarh        | 361    | 405    | **     | 361    | 408    | **     | 361    | 411    | **     |
| 6     | Goa                 | 4      | 8      | **     | 4      | 8      | **     | 4      | 8      | **     |
| 7     | Gujarat             | 401    | 358    | 43     | 401    | 323    | 78     | 401    | 382    | 19     |
| 8     | Haryana *           | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      |
| 9     | Himachal Pradesh    | 18     | 43     | **     | 18     | 43     | **     | 18     | 43     | **     |
| 10    | Jammu &Kashmir      | 70     | 48     | 22     | 70     | 48     | 22     | 70     | 48     | 22     |
| 11    | Jharkhand           | 393    | 141    | 252    | 393    | 147    | 246    | 393    | 160    | 233    |
| 12    | Karnataka           | 171    | 339    | **     | 171    | 68     | 103    | 171    | 64     | 107    |
| 13    | Kerala              | 21     | 131    | **     | 21     | 137    | **     | 21     | 137    | **     |
| 14    | Madhya Pradesh      | 713    | 328    | 385    | 713    | 328    | 385    | 713    | 332    | 381    |
| 15    | Maharashtra         | 450    | 315    | 135    | 450    | 315    | 135    | 450    | 315    | 135    |
| 16    | Manipur             | 39     | 45     | **     | 39     | 45     | **     | 39     | 45     | **     |
| 17    | Meghalaya #         | 106    | 108    | **     | 106    | 108    | **     | 106    | 110    | **     |
| 18    | Mizoram #           | 25     | 57     | **     | 25     | 57     | **     | 25     | 57     | **     |
| 19    | Nagaland #          | 65     | 126    | **     | 65     | 126    | **     | 65     | 128    | **     |
| 20    | Odisha              | 449    | 426    | 23     | 449    | 426    | 23     | 449    | 426    | 23     |
| 21    | Punjab *            | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      |
| 22    | Rajasthan           | 434    | 161    | 273    | 434    | 209    | 225    | 434    | 210    | 224    |
| 23    | Sikkim              | 8      | 12     | **     | 8      | 12     | **     | 8      | 12     | **     |
| 24    | Tamil Nadu          | 33     | 66     | **     | 33     | 66     | **     | 33     | 66     | **     |
| 25    | Telangana@          | -      | -      | -      | -      | -      | -      | 146    | 93     | 53     |
| 26    | Tripura             | 55     | 44     | 11     | 55     | 44     | 11     | 55     | 45     | 10     |
| 27    | Uttarakhand         | 13     | 10     | 3      | 13     | 29     | **     | 13     | 10     | 3      |
| 28    | Uttar Pradesh       | 51     | 12     | 39     | 51     | NA     | NA     | 51     | NA     | NA     |
| 29    | West Bengal         | 242    | 229    | 13     | 242    | 304    | **     | 242    | 304    | **     |
| 30    | A&N Island          | 1      | 4      | **     | 1      | 4      | **     | 1      | 4      | **     |
| 31    | Chandigarh *        | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      |
| 32    | D&N Haveli #        | 7      | 6      | 1      | 7      | 7      | 0      | 7      | 7      | 0      |
| 33    | Daman &Diu          | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      |
| 34    | Delhi *             | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      |
| 35    | Lakshadweep#        | 1      | 4      | **     | 1      | 4      | **     | 1      | 4      | **     |
| 36    | Puducherry *        | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      | 0      |
|       | India               | 4677   | 4035   | 1295   | 4677   | 3895   | 1323   | 4676   | 3957   | 1267   |

*State / UT has no separate Tribal Area / Population, R: Required, P: In position, S: Shortfall

Source: Rural Health Statistics, M/o Health and Family Welfare

## Annexure III

## State -wise Percentage of Scheduled Tribes Below Poverty Line (Tendulkar Methodology )

|        |                  | Rural   | Rural   | Urban   | Urban   |
|--------|------------------|---------|---------|---------|---------|
| S. No. | State            | 2009-10 | 2011-12 | 2009-10 | 2011-12 |
| 1      | Andhra Pradesh   | 40.2    | 24.1    | 21.2    | 12.1    |
| 2      | Assam            | 32.0    | 33.4    | 29.2    | 15.6    |
| 3      | Bihar            | 64.4    | 59.3    | 16.5    | 10.3    |
| 4      | Chhattisgarh     | 66.8    | 52.6    | 28.6    | 35.2    |
| 5      | Gujarat          | 48.6    | 36.5    | 32.2    | 30.1    |
| 6      | Himachal Pradesh | 22.0    | 9.5     | 19.6    | 4.0     |
| 7      | Jammu &Kashmir   | 3.1     | 16.3    | 15.0    | 3.0     |
| 8      | Jharkhand        | 51.5    | 51.6    | 49.5    | 28.7    |
| 9      | Karnataka        | 21.3    | 30.8    | 35.6    | 33.7    |
| 10     | Kerala           | 24.4    | 41.0    | 5.0     | 13.6    |
| 11     | Madhya Pradesh   | 61.9    | 55.3    | 41.6    | 32.3    |
| 12     | Maharashtra      | 51.7    | 61.6    | 32.4    | 23.3    |
| 13     | Odisha           | 66.0    | 63.5    | 34.1    | 39.7    |
| 14     | Rajasthan        | 35.9    | 41.4    | 28.9    | 21.7    |
| 15     | Tamil Nadu       | 11.5    | 36.8    | 17.6    | 2.8     |
| 16     | Uttar Pradesh    | 49.8    | 27.0    | 20.2    | 16.3    |
| 17     | Uttarakhand      | 20.0    | 11.9    | 0       | 25.7    |
| 18     | West Bengal      | 32.9    | 50.1    | 20.6    | 44.5    |
|        | All India        | 47.4    | 45.3    | 30.4    | 24.1    |

## Legend: ST=Scheduled Tribe

NB: 1. The poverty ratios among the STs are estimated from the percentage distribution of persons of ST population as obtained from the large sample survey consumer expenditure data of the National Sample Survey (NSS) and the poverty line for all population.

2.   The poverty ratios are based on MRP (Mixed Recall Period) consumption distribution.
3.   All India poverty ratio for the social groups is worked out from the respective NSS distribution of persons and (implicit) all-India poverty line for all population.
4.   The poverty ratio among Scheduled Tribes population at State level may be treated with caution due to small sample size of household based on which the class distribution of persons have been obtained. These States are in urban areas, number of sample households is 18 in Bihar, 18 in Himachal Pradesh and 9 in Kerala

5. Source: Planning Commission

## Literacy Rate of Scheduled Tribes as per Census 2001 and 2011

| Sl. No.   |                          |   Literacy Rate |   Literacy Rate |
|-----------|--------------------------|-----------------|-----------------|
|           | India / State / UT       |          2001   |          2011   |
|           | INDIA                    |            47.1 |            59   |
| 1         | Jammu &Kashmir           |            37.5 |            50.6 |
| 2         | Himachal Pradesh         |            65.5 |            73.6 |
| 3         | Uttaranchal              |            63.2 |            73.9 |
| 4         | Rajasthan                |            44.7 |            52.8 |
| 5         | Uttar Pradesh            |            35.1 |            55.7 |
| 6         | Bihar                    |            28.2 |            51.1 |
| 7         | Sikkim                   |            67.1 |            79.7 |
| 8         | Arunachal Pradesh        |            49.6 |            64.6 |
| 9         | Nagaland                 |            66   |            80   |
| 10        | Manipur                  |            65.9 |            72.6 |
| 11        | Mizoram                  |            89.3 |            91.5 |
| 12        | Tripura                  |            56.5 |            79.1 |
| 13        | Meghalaya                |            61.3 |            74.5 |
| 14        | Assam                    |            62.5 |            72.1 |
| 15        | West Bengal              |            43.4 |            57.9 |
| 16        | Jharkhand                |            40.7 |            57.1 |
| 17        | Orissa                   |            37.4 |            52.2 |
| 18        | Chhattisgarh             |            52.1 |            59.1 |
| 19        | Madhya Pradesh           |            41.2 |            50.6 |
| 20        | Gujarat                  |            47.7 |            62.5 |
| 21        | Daman &Diu               |            63.4 |            78.8 |
| 22        | Dadra &Nagar Haveli      |            41.2 |            61.9 |
| 23        | Maharashtra              |            55.2 |            65.7 |
| 24        | Andhra Pradesh           |            37   |            49.2 |
| 25        | Karnataka                |            48.3 |            62.1 |
| 26        | Goa                      |            55.9 |            79.1 |
| 27        | Lakshadweep              |            86.1 |            91.7 |
| 28        | Kerala                   |            64.4 |            75.8 |
| 29        | Tamil Nadu               |            41.5 |            54.3 |
| 30        | Andaman &Nicobar Islands |            66.8 |            75.6 |

## Annexure - V referred to in reply to part (d) of Lok Sabha Starred Question No. * 211 for Answer on 01.08.2016.

## Schemes being implemented by Ministry of Tribal Affairs for STs

- 1) Special Central Assistance (SCA) to Tribal Sub Plan (TSP)

- 2) Grants under Article 275 (1) of the Constitution

- 3) Umbrella Scheme (consisting of following sub-schemes)

- a. Pre - Matric Scholarships for ST students

- b. Post Matric Scholarships for ST students

- c. Constructions of Hostels for ST Boys & Girls

- d. Ashram Schools

- e. Vocational Training Centre

- 4) National Fellowship and Scholarship for Higher Education of ST students consisting of following sub-schemes:

- a. Top Class Education for ST students

- b. Rajiv Gandhi National Fellowship for ST students

- 5) National Overseas Scholarships for ST students.

- 6) Minor Forest Produce (MFP) through Minimum Support Price (MSP) and Development of Value Chain for MFP.

- 7) Grants-in-aid to Voluntary Organisations working for the welfare of Scheduled Tribes.

- 8) Strengthening Education among Scheduled Tribe Girls in Low Literacy Districts.

- 9) Development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)

- 10) Research Information & Mass Education, Tribal Festival and Others.

****