Lok Sabha Question No. 2175 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2026-02-12
Subject: Potholes related Crashes on NHs
Ministry: ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS
Asked by: Shri Raja Ram Singh

## be pleased to state:

- (a)    the number of road accidents, injuries and fatalities in the country due to potholes or poor road surface conditions during each of the last five years, particularly on National Highways (NHs), State/UT-wise;
- (b)      the  total  number  of  deaths  and  permanent  injuries  caused  by pothole-related  crashes  in  2023  and  comparison  of  the  same  with previous years;
- (c)    the total number of complaints received from the public regarding potholes  and  unmaintained  road  surfaces  during  this  period  and  the average time taken to address and rectify such complaints;
- (d) the details of any proposals to adopt real-time monitoring technologies  and  enhanced  citizen  reporting  systems  to  detect  and address potholes, lighting failures and other hazards promptly; and
- (e) the specific  timelines  and  budgetary  allocations  proposed  or provided  for  improving  road  safety,  maintenance  responsiveness  and infrastructure coordination with electricity and municipal authorities?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS (SHRI NITIN JAIRAM GADKARI)

- (a) and (b)   Government publishes report on 'Road Accidents in India' based on data received from States/UTs. As per the report drawn from information provided by the State Police, State-wise details of number of road accidents, fatalities and injuries caused due to 'potholes' on all roads including National Highways & State Highways and urban roads during the calendar Year 2020 to 2024 are attached as per Annexure.
- (c)  to  (e)    Government  of  India  is  responsible  for  development  and maintenance of National Highways. Respective State Governments are responsible  for  development  and  maintenance  of  roads  under  their jurisdiction. Complaints are  received  through  several  online  platforms/

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2175 ANSWERED ON 12 TH  FEBRUARY, 2026

## POTHOLES RELATED CRASHES ON NHs

2175.         SHRI RAJA RAM SINGH:

## Will the Minister of ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

सड़क परिवहन औि िाजमार्ग मंत्री

portals such as Rajmargyatra App, National Highways Authority of India (NHAI)  Toll  Free  1033  Helpline  No.,  Public  Grievance  Portal,  social media, etc. with respect to highway maintenance and other issues.

The  Government  has  prioritized  the maintenance  of  existing  NH network and inter-alia evolved a mechanism to ensure Maintenance and Repair  (M&R)  of  all  NHs  sections  through  accountable  maintenance agencies.

NHs development projects are executed on mainly three modes i.e. (i) Build Operate and Transfer (BOT), (ii) Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) and (iii)  Engineering  Procurement  and  Construction  (EPC).  Concession period including maintenance  for projects on Build Operate and Transfer (BOT) is 15 to 20 years and on Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) is generally 15 years.  Concessionaire is responsible for maintenance of the  respective  NHs  stretches  within  the  concession  period  of  the project. Only in case of EPC projects, Defect Liability Period (DLP) is 5 years  for  the  bituminous  pavement  works  and  10  years  for  concrete pavement works.

For  Toll-Operate-Transfer  (TOT)  and  InvIT  (Infrastructure  Investment Trust)  projects,  concession  period  including  maintenance  is  20  to  30 years. Concession period for Projects on Operate, Maintain and Transfer (OMT) is generally 9 years.

No separate maintenance expenditure is recorded in respect of above NHs stretches. Expenditure incurred in the above contracts during DLP and concession period is not being accounted.

For all remaining sections of NH stretches, where DLP has ended or is not under any concession period of BOT/HAM/TOT/InvIT project, Government  has  taken  a  policy  decision  to  undertake  maintenance works  through  Performance  Based  Maintenance  Contract  (PBMC)  or Short  Term  Maintenance  Contract  (STMC).  While  STMC  works  are generally  undertaken  for  a  contract  period  of  1-2  years,  PBMC  works are  undertaken  for  a  contract  period  of  about  5-7  years.  Year  -  wise details of funds allocated and expenditure incurred towards Maintenance  &  Repair  (M&R)  of  such  NHs  stretches  since  2014-15 onwards are as under:-

| Year    | Allocation (₹ in Crore)Expenditure (₹ in Crore)   | Allocation (₹ in Crore)Expenditure (₹ in Crore)   |
|---------|---------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|
| 2014-15 | 3,660                                             | 3,614                                             |
| 2015-16 | 3,856                                             | 3,701                                             |
| 2016-17 | 3,751                                             | 3,408                                             |

| 2017-18                   | 3,655   | 3,358   |
|---------------------------|---------|---------|
| 2018-19                   | 4,139   | 3,505   |
| 2019-20                   | 3,418   | 3,011   |
| 2020-21                   | 5,948   | 5,948   |
| 2021-22                   | 5,214   | 5,135   |
| 2022-23                   | 6,510   | 6,278   |
| 2023-24                   | 6,581   | 6,523   |
| 2024-25                   | 9,489   | 9,488   |
| 2025-26 (till 31.12.2025) | 8,843   | 7,071   |

Annexure ANNEXURE  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PART  (a)  and  (b)  OF  LOK SABHA  UNSTARRED  QUESTION  NO. 2175  ANSWERED  ON  12TH FEBRUARY,  2026  ASKED  BY  SHRI  RAJA  RAM  SINGH  REGARDING POTHOLES RELATED CRASHES ON NHs. State wise details of number of road accidents, fatalities and injuries caused due to 'potholes' during the calendar Year 2020

| State/UT                               | AccidentsKilledGrievous     |      | injury   | Minor Injury   | Total number of Injured person   |
|----------------------------------------|-----------------------------|------|----------|----------------|----------------------------------|
| Andhra Pradesh                         | 0                           | 0    | 0        | 0              | 0                                |
| Arunachal Pradesh                      | 13                          | 8    | 6        | 11             | 17                               |
| Assam                                  | 194                         | 57   | 180      | 26             | 206                              |
| Bihar                                  | 0                           | 0    | 0        | 0              | 0                                |
| Chhattisgarh                           | 5                           | 1    | 0        | 4              | 4                                |
| Goa                                    | 0                           | 0    | 0        | 0              | 0                                |
| Gujarat                                | 6                           | 6    | 4        | 2              | 6                                |
| Haryana                                | 183                         | 69   | 67       | 120            | 187                              |
| Himachal Pradesh                       | 0                           | 0    | 0        | 0              | 0                                |
| Jharkhand                              | 129                         | 79   | 82       | 30             | 112                              |
| Karnataka                              | 36                          | 7    | 27       | 12             | 39                               |
| Kerala                                 | 25                          | 2    | 19       | 10             | 29                               |
| Madhya Pradesh                         | 439                         | 96   | 85       | 409            | 494                              |
| Maharashtra                            | 61                          | 39   | 44       | 5              | 49                               |
| Manipur                                | 2                           | 1    | 1        | 0              | 1                                |
| Meghalaya                              | 0                           | 0    | 0        | 0              | 0                                |
| Mizoram                                | 1                           | 1    | 0        | 0              | 0                                |
| Nagaland                               | 57                          | 2    | 5        | 27             | 32                               |
| Orissa                                 | 174                         | 80   | 93       | 53             | 146                              |
| Punjab                                 | 102                         | 78   | 25       | 8              | 33                               |
| Rajasthan                              | 120                         | 50   | 43       | 84             | 127                              |
| Sikkim                                 | 0                           | 0    | 0        | 0              | 0                                |
| Tamil Nadu                             | 522                         | 128  | 327      | 226            | 553                              |
| Telangana                              | 58                          | 36   | 2        | 33             | 35                               |
| Tripura                                | 0                           | 0    | 0        | 0              | 0                                |
| Uttarakhand                            | 4                           | 1    | 6        | 0              | 6                                |
| Uttar Pradesh                          | 1447                        | 759  | 594      | 377            | 971                              |
| West Bengal*                           | 75                          | 41   | 57       | 8              | 65                               |
| Andaman & Nicobar Islands 0            | Andaman & Nicobar Islands 0 | 0    | 0        | 0              | 0                                |
| Chandigarh                             | 0                           | 0    | 0        | 0              | 0                                |
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu | 1                           | 1    | 0        | 0              | 0                                |
| Delhi                                  | 55                          | 13   | 5        | 44             | 49                               |
| Jammu & Kashmir                        | 4                           | 0    | 0        | 6              | 6                                |
| Ladakh                                 |                             |      |          |                |                                  |
| Lakshadweep                            | 0                           | 0    | 0        | 0              | 0                                |
| Puducherry                             | 0                           | 0    | 0        | 0              | 0                                |
| Total                                  | 3713                        | 1555 | 1672     | 1495           | 3167                             |

## State wise details of number of road accidents, fatalities and injuries caused due to 'potholes' during the calendar Year 2021

| State/UT                               |   AccidentsKilledGrievous |   AccidentsKilledGrievous |   Injury |   Minor Injury |   Total number of Injured person |
|----------------------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------|----------|----------------|----------------------------------|
| Andhra Pradesh                         |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Arunachal Pradesh                      |                        25 |                        13 |       11 |             19 |                               30 |
| Assam                                  |                       187 |                        55 |      197 |             22 |                              219 |
| Bihar                                  |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Chhattisgarh                           |                        15 |                         4 |        1 |              9 |                               10 |
| Goa                                    |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Gujarat                                |                         8 |                         5 |        4 |              4 |                                8 |
| Haryana                                |                       102 |                        38 |       12 |             72 |                               84 |
| Himachal Pradesh                       |                        20 |                        11 |       13 |             30 |                               43 |
| Jharkhand                              |                        97 |                        77 |       47 |             11 |                               58 |
| Karnataka                              |                        67 |                        16 |       44 |             34 |                               78 |
| Kerala                                 |                        16 |                         6 |       11 |              8 |                               19 |
| Madhya Pradesh                         |                       711 |                       220 |      151 |            578 |                              729 |
| Maharashtra                            |                        33 |                        14 |       45 |              8 |                               53 |
| Manipur                                |                         6 |                         0 |        6 |              3 |                                9 |
| Meghalaya                              |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Mizoram                                |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Nagaland                               |                        15 |                         3 |        3 |              6 |                                9 |
| Orissa                                 |                       213 |                        93 |      117 |             49 |                              166 |
| Punjab                                 |                       114 |                        77 |       50 |             29 |                               79 |
| Rajasthan                              |                        69 |                        23 |       19 |             55 |                               74 |
| Sikkim                                 |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Tamil Nadu                             |                       459 |                       109 |      128 |            297 |                              425 |
| Telangana                              |                        87 |                        29 |        3 |             65 |                               68 |
| Tripura                                |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Uttarakhand                            |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Uttar Pradesh                          |                      1254 |                       649 |      481 |            335 |                              816 |
| West Bengal*                           |                        64 |                        28 |       41 |             11 |                               52 |
| Andaman & Nicobar Islands              |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Chandigarh                             |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu |                         2 |                         2 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Delhi                                  |                        56 |                         9 |        5 |             63 |                               68 |
| Jammu & Kashmir                        |                         4 |                         0 |        0 |              6 |                                6 |
| Ladakh                                 |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Lakshadweep                            |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Puducherry                             |                         1 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Total                                  |                      3625 |                      1481 |     1389 |           1714 |                             3103 |

## State wise details of number of road accidents, fatalities and injuries caused due to 'potholes' during the calendar Year 2022

| State/UT                               |   AccidentsKilledGrievous |      |   Injury |   Minor Injury |   Total number of injured person |
|----------------------------------------|---------------------------|------|----------|----------------|----------------------------------|
| Andhra Pradesh                         |                         0 |    0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Arunachal Pradesh                      |                        20 |   15 |       15 |              7 |                               22 |
| Assam                                  |                       319 |  117 |      275 |             26 |                              301 |
| Bihar                                  |                         0 |    0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Chhattisgarh                           |                        40 |    7 |        0 |             45 |                               45 |
| Goa                                    |                         0 |    0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Gujarat                                |                         0 |    0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Haryana                                |                       130 |   47 |        5 |            131 |                              136 |
| Himachal Pradesh                       |                         2 |    2 |        0 |              2 |                                2 |
| Jharkhand                              |                        56 |   34 |       19 |             14 |                               33 |
| Karnataka                              |                        55 |   19 |       36 |             20 |                               56 |
| Kerala                                 |                        25 |    1 |       19 |             11 |                               30 |
| Madhya Pradesh                         |                       759 |  199 |       90 |            718 |                              808 |
| Maharashtra                            |                         4 |    4 |        1 |              0 |                                1 |
| Manipur                                |                         5 |    3 |        0 |              8 |                                8 |
| Meghalaya                              |                         1 |    0 |        1 |              0 |                                1 |
| Mizoram                                |                         2 |    2 |        1 |              1 |                                2 |
| Nagaland                               |                        12 |    1 |        5 |              3 |                                8 |
| Orissa                                 |                       158 |   69 |      106 |             35 |                              141 |
| Punjab                                 |                        84 |   60 |       37 |              9 |                               46 |
| Rajasthan                              |                        98 |   51 |       36 |             61 |                               97 |
| Sikkim                                 |                         1 |    0 |        1 |              1 |                                2 |
| Tamil Nadu                             |                       446 |  107 |      109 |            252 |                              361 |
| Telangana                              |                       153 |   40 |       12 |            117 |                              129 |
| Tripura                                |                         1 |    1 |        1 |              0 |                                1 |
| Uttarakhand                            |                         0 |    0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Uttar Pradesh                          |                      1986 | 1030 |      905 |            516 |                             1421 |
| West Bengal*                           |                        44 |   34 |       25 |             21 |                               46 |
| Andaman & Nicobar Islands              |                         0 |    0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Chandigarh                             |                         1 |    1 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu |                         7 |    4 |        3 |              0 |                                3 |
| Delhi                                  |                        28 |    7 |        2 |             22 |                               24 |
| Jammu & Kashmir                        |                         7 |    0 |        0 |              9 |                                9 |
| Ladakh                                 |                         0 |    0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Lakshadweep                            |                         0 |    0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Puducherry                             |                         2 |    1 |        1 |              0 |                                1 |
| Total                                  |                      4446 | 1856 |     1705 |           2029 |                             3734 |

## State wise details of number of road accidents, fatalities and injuries caused due to 'potholes' during the calendar Year 2023

| State/UT                               |   AccidentsKilledGrievous |   AccidentsKilledGrievous |   Injury |   Minor Injury |   Total number of injured person |
|----------------------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------|----------|----------------|----------------------------------|
| Andhra Pradesh                         |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Arunachal Pradesh                      |                        29 |                        11 |       19 |             14 |                               33 |
| Assam                                  |                       271 |                        79 |      226 |             26 |                              252 |
| Bihar                                  |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Chhattisgarh                           |                        22 |                        10 |        1 |             20 |                               21 |
| Goa                                    |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Gujarat                                |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Haryana                                |                       117 |                        50 |       52 |             31 |                               83 |
| Himachal Pradesh                       |                        18 |                         7 |       11 |             38 |                               49 |
| Jharkhand                              |                        48 |                        38 |       26 |              4 |                               30 |
| Karnataka                              |                       237 |                        68 |      152 |            152 |                              304 |
| Kerala                                 |                         6 |                         1 |        5 |              0 |                                5 |
| Madhya Pradesh                         |                      1205 |                       177 |      261 |           1034 |                             1295 |
| Maharashtra                            |                        61 |                        29 |       27 |             18 |                               45 |
| Manipur                                |                         2 |                         1 |        0 |              2 |                                2 |
| Meghalaya                              |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Mizoram                                |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Nagaland                               |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Orissa                                 |                       144 |                        61 |      118 |             34 |                              152 |
| Punjab                                 |                        89 |                        68 |       26 |              7 |                               33 |
| Rajasthan                              |                        90 |                        37 |       37 |             69 |                              106 |
| Sikkim                                 |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Tamil Nadu                             |                       620 |                       159 |      341 |            323 |                              664 |
| Telangana                              |                       157 |                        14 |        6 |            127 |                              133 |
| Tripura                                |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Uttarakhand                            |                         1 |                         1 |        0 |              1 |                                1 |
| Uttar Pradesh                          |                      2632 |                      1320 |     1322 |            695 |                             2017 |
| West Bengal*                           |                        41 |                        22 |       25 |              8 |                               33 |
| Andaman & Nicobar Islands              |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Chandigarh                             |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Delhi                                  |                        22 |                         5 |        5 |             17 |                               22 |
| Jammu & Kashmir                        |                         4 |                         0 |        0 |              4 |                                4 |
| Ladakh                                 |                        24 |                         3 |        6 |             19 |                               25 |
| Lakshadweep                            |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Puducherry                             |                         0 |                         0 |        0 |              0 |                                0 |
| Total                                  |                      5840 |                      2161 |     2666 |           2643 |                             5309 |

State wise details of number of road accidents, fatalities and injuries caused due to 'potholes' during the calendar Year 2024

| State/UT                  |   AccidentsKilled Grievous Injury Minor Injury |   AccidentsKilled Grievous Injury Minor Injury |   AccidentsKilled Grievous Injury Minor Injury |   AccidentsKilled Grievous Injury Minor Injury |   Total number of injured person |
|---------------------------|------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------|
| Andhra Pradesh            |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Arunachal Pradesh         |                                             28 |                                             17 |                                             12 |                                              8 |                               20 |
| Assam                     |                                            197 |                                             87 |                                            165 |                                             14 |                              179 |
| Bihar                     |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Chhattisgarh              |                                             36 |                                              9 |                                              4 |                                             23 |                               27 |
| Goa                       |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Gujarat                   |                                             10 |                                              6 |                                              8 |                                              1 |                                9 |
| Haryana                   |                                             84 |                                             51 |                                             28 |                                             35 |                               63 |
| Himachal Pradesh          |                                             63 |                                             19 |                                             26 |                                             72 |                               98 |
| Jharkhand                 |                                             54 |                                             32 |                                             29 |                                              4 |                               33 |
| Karnataka                 |                                             93 |                                             24 |                                             53 |                                             65 |                              118 |
| Kerala                    |                                             11 |                                              1 |                                              8 |                                              1 |                                9 |
| Madhya Pradesh            |                                           1069 |                                            277 |                                            147 |                                            857 |                             1004 |
| Maharashtra               |                                             75 |                                             43 |                                             53 |                                             12 |                               65 |
| Manipur                   |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Meghalaya                 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Mizoram                   |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Nagaland                  |                                              1 |                                              1 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Orissa                    |                                            168 |                                             85 |                                             99 |                                             50 |                              149 |
| Punjab                    |                                            150 |                                            131 |                                             47 |                                             12 |                               59 |
| Rajasthan                 |                                             91 |                                             56 |                                             39 |                                             68 |                              107 |
| Sikkim                    |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Tamil Nadu                |                                            360 |                                            109 |                                            106 |                                            274 |                              380 |
| Telangana                 |                                             86 |                                             27 |                                             12 |                                             74 |                               86 |
| Tripura                   |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Uttarakhand               |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Uttar Pradesh             |                                           2727 |                                           1369 |                                           1371 |                                            738 |                             2109 |
| West Bengal*              |                                             41 |                                             24 |                                             21 |                                             15 |                               36 |
| Andaman & Nicobar Islands |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Chandigarh                |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli      |                                              1 |                                              1 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Delhi                     |                                             84 |                                             16 |                                             10 |                                             79 |                               89 |
| Jammu & Kashmir           |                                              3 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              3 |                                3 |
| Ladakh                    |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Lakshadweep               |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Puducherry                |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                              0 |                                0 |
| Total                     |                                           5432 |                                           2385 |                                           2238 |                                           2405 |                             4643 |

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