Lok Sabha Question No. 2752 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2015-08-05
Subject: Urbanisation
Ministry: URBAN DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: NISHIKANT  DUBEY

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

MINISTRY OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT

LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.2752

TO BE ANSWERED ON AUGUST 5, 2015

URBANIZATION

No.2752          SHRI NISHIKANT DUBEY:

Will the Minister of URBAN DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

(a) whether the country lags behind in urbanisation in comparison to other developed countries;

(b) if so, the details thereof;

(c) whether the contribution to GDP from towns and cities has increased over the years and if so, the details thereof; and

(d) the steps taken/being taken by the Government to improve urban planning and management as well as exploit the growth potential of urbanisation in the country?

ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT

(SHRI BABUL SUPRIYO)

(a): Yes, Madam.

(b): Details of the urbanisation in other developed countries viz –a- viz India as per World Population Prospects: 2014 Revision of UN Population Division is at Annexure.

(c): As per estimates by Central Statistical Office (CSO), the share of GDP from the towns and cities increased from 37.7% in 1970-71 to 52% in 2004-05. Mid-term appraisal of the 11 th Five Year Plan was projected at 63% of urban share in GDP in 2009-10.

Cont.-/--

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(d): The Government has recently launched following missions to improve urban planning and management as well as to exploit the growth potential of urbanisation in the country.

Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) for providing basic services (e.g. water supply, sewerage, urban transport) to households and build amenities in cities which will improve the quality of life for all, especially the poor and the disadvantaged is a national priority. The thrust area of the mission are: i. Water Supply ii. Sewerage facilities and Septage Management, iii. Storm Water Drains to reduce flooding, iv. Pedestrian non-motorised and public transport facilities, parking spaces, and v. Enhancing amenity value of the cities by creating and upgrading green spaces, parks and recreation centers, especially for children. The mission will be implemented in 500 one lakh plus towns in the country.

Smart Cities Mission with the objective to promote cities that provide core infrastructure and give a decent quality of life to its citizen, a clean and sustainable environment and application of ‘Smart’ Solutions to improve infrastructure and services. The strategic components are area-based development plus a Pan-City initiative in which Smart Solutions are applied city-wide.

The mission will be implemented in 100 select cities in the country.

Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY) to preserve and revitalise the soul of the heritage city to reflect the city’s unique character by encouraging aesthetically appealing, accessible, informative & secured environment. To undertake strategic and planned development of heritage cities aiming at improvement in overall quality of life with specific focus on sanitation, security, tourism, heritage revitalization and livelihoods retaining the city’s cultural identity. The specific objectives are:

1. Planning, development and implementation of heritage sensitive infrastructure
2. Service delivery and infrastructure provisioning in historic city core areas.
3. Preserve and revitalise heritage wherein tourists can connect directly with city’s unique character.

Cont p/3..

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1. Develop and document a heritage asset inventory of cities – natural, cultural, leaving and built heritage as a basis for urban planning, growth and service provision & delivery.
2. Implementation and enhancement of basic services delivery with focus on sanitation services like public conveniences, toilets, water taps, street lights with use of latest technologies in improving tourist facilities/amenities
3. Local capacity enhancement for inclusive heritage – based industry
4. Create effective linkages between tourism and cultural facilities and also the conservation of natural and built heritage
5. Urban heritage adaptive rehabilitation and maintenance, including appropriate technologies for historic buildings retrofitting
6. Establish and manage effective public private partnership for adaptive urban rehabilitation.

The scheme will be implemented in 12 religious/heritage towns viz Ajmer, Amaravati, Amritsar, Badami, Dwarka, Gaya, Kanchipuram, Mathura, Puri, Varanasi, Velankanni and Warangal.

Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM): The mission is implemented in urban areas with the following objectives:-

- Elimination of open defecation
- Eradication of Manual Scavenging
- Modern Scientific Municipal Solid Waste Management
- To effect behavioural change regarding healthy sanitation practices
- Generate awareness about sanitation and its linkage with public health
- Capacity Augmentation for ULB’s
- To create an enabling environment for private sector participation in Capex (capital expenditure) and Opex (operation and maintenance)

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Annexure

Percentage of Urban Population in Developed Countries

|                          |   Percentage of Population at Mid-year Residing in Urban Areas, 1950-2050 |   Percentage of Population at Mid-year Residing in Urban Areas, 1950-2050 |   Percentage of Population at Mid-year Residing in Urban Areas, 1950-2050 |
|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Country                  |                                                                      2000 |                                                                      2010 |                                                                      2015 |
| China                    |                                                                      35.9 |                                                                      49.2 |                                                                      55.6 |
| Japan                    |                                                                      78.6 |                                                                      90.5 |                                                                      93.5 |
| India                    |                                                                      27.7 |                                                                      30.9 |                                                                      32.7 |
| Singapore                |                                                                     100.0 |                                                                     100.0 |                                                                     100.0 |
| Belarus                  |                                                                      70.0 |                                                                      74.6 |                                                                      76.7 |
| Bulgaria                 |                                                                      68.9 |                                                                      72.3 |                                                                      73.9 |
| Czech Republic           |                                                                      74.0 |                                                                      73.3 |                                                                      73.0 |
| Hungary                  |                                                                      64.6 |                                                                      68.9 |                                                                      71.2 |
| Poland                   |                                                                      61.7 |                                                                      60.9 |                                                                      60.5 |
| Romania                  |                                                                      53.0 |                                                                      53.8 |                                                                      54.6 |
| Russian Federation       |                                                                      73.4 |                                                                      73.7 |                                                                      74.0 |
| Slovakia                 |                                                                      56.2 |                                                                      54.7 |                                                                      53.6 |
| Ukraine                  |                                                                      67.1 |                                                                      68.7 |                                                                      69.7 |
| Denmark                  |                                                                      85.1 |                                                                      86.8 |                                                                      87.7 |
| Finland                  |                                                                      82.2 |                                                                      83.6 |                                                                      84.2 |
| Iceland                  |                                                                      92.4 |                                                                      93.6 |                                                                      94.1 |
| Ireland                  |                                                                      59.1 |                                                                      61.8 |                                                                      63.2 |
| Norway                   |                                                                      76.1 |                                                                      79.1 |                                                                      80.5 |
| Sweden                   |                                                                      84.0 |                                                                      85.1 |                                                                      85.8 |
| United Kingdom           |                                                                      78.7 |                                                                      81.3 |                                                                      82.6 |
| Italy                    |                                                                      67.2 |                                                                      68.3 |                                                                      69.0 |
| Spain                    |                                                                      76.3 |                                                                      78.4 |                                                                      79.6 |
| Austria                  |                                                                      65.8 |                                                                      65.9 |                                                                      66.0 |
| Belgium                  |                                                                      97.1 |                                                                      97.6 |                                                                      97.9 |
| France                   |                                                                      75.9 |                                                                      78.3 |                                                                      79.5 |
| Germany                  |                                                                      73.1 |                                                                      74.3 |                                                                      75.3 |
| Netherlands              |                                                                      76.8 |                                                                      87.1 |                                                                      90.5 |
| Switzerland              |                                                                      73.3 |                                                                      73.7 |                                                                      73.9 |
| Canada                   |                                                                      79.5 |                                                                      80.9 |                                                                      81.8 |
| United States of America |                                                                      79.1 |                                                                      80.8 |                                                                      81.6 |
| Australia                |                                                                      87.2 |                                                                      88.7 |                                                                      89.4 |
| New Zealand              |                                                                      85.7 |                                                                      86.2 |                                                                      86.3 |
| World                    |                                                                      46.6 |                                                                      51.6 |                                                                      54.0 |