Lok Sabha Question No. 226 (STARRED), answered on 2026-03-09
Subject: Employment Linkages under PMKVY 4.0
Ministry: SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Asked by: Smt. Shambhavi, Shri Atul Garg

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. *226

ANSWERED ON -09.03.2026

## EMPLOYMENT LINKAGES UNDER PMKVY 4.0

*226. SHRI ATUL GARG: SMT. SHAMBHAVI:

Will the Minister of SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has any data on the percentage of skilled trainees who have received employment or self-employment opportunities within six months of completing training under Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) 4.0, if so, the details thereof, if not, the reasons therefor;
- (b) whether  a  mechanism  exists  to  align  skill  training  modules  with  real-time industry demand, if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor;
- (c) whether any third-party evaluation of skill training partners has been undertaken to  ensure  quality  and  accountability,  if  so,  the  details  thereof,  if  not,  the  reasons therefor;
- (d) whether the Government has collaborated with State Governments and private institutions to establish regional skill hubs focused on green technologies, if so, the details thereof; and
- (e) whether  any  financial  or  non-financial  incentives  are  being  provided  to industries employing certified trainees from Government-funded programmes, particularly  in  Ghaziabad,  Khagaria,  Samastipur,  Jamui  and  Surat  Lok  Sabha Constituencies, if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) IN THE MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

(SHRI JAYANT CHAUDHARY)

- (a) to (e)         A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

## STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (A) TO (E) OF LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. *226  ANSWERED ON 09.03.2026 ASKED  BY SHRI ATUL GARG AND SMT. SHAMBHAVI REGARDING EMPLOYMENT LINKAGES UNDER PMKVY 4.0

(a) Ministry of Skill Development  and  Entrepreneurship  (MSDE)  has  been implementing its flagship scheme Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), since 2015, for imparting skill development training through Short-Term Training (STT) and up-skilling and re-skilling through Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) to youth across the country.

Under PMKVY scheme, placements were tracked in the Short-Term Training (STT) component in the first three versions of the Scheme - PMKVY 1.0, PMKVY 2.0 and PMKVY  3.0,  implemented  from  FY  2015-16  to  FY  2021-22.  In  these  versions  of PMKVY, out of 56.89 lakh  candidates that have been certified in STT, 24.38 lakh candidates have been reported placed which makes the overall placement rate 42.8%.

Under PMKVY 4.0, the focus was to empower our trained candidates to choose their varied career path and they are suitably oriented for the same. Further, various IT tools like Skill India Digital Hub also gives this opportunity. The focus has shifted towards empowering trained candidates to choose diverse career pathways. These pathways include both selfemployment and wage employment, depending on the candidate's preference  and  available  opportunities.  To  support  this  approach,  candidates  are oriented  through  industry-relevant  skill  courses  that  include  On-the-Job  Training (OJT). This ensures practical exposure and workplace experience, enabling trainees to  develop  the  necessary  skills  and  make  informed  choices  regarding  their  career paths.

- (b)     National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) under the aegis of Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship has formed 36 Sector Skill Councils (SSCs), led by industry leaders in the respective sectors. These SSCs are mandated to identify the  skill  development  needs  of  respective  sectors  as  well  as  to  determine  skill competency standards. Further, District Skill Committees (DSCs), set up across all States/UTs, are mandated with formulating District Skill Development Plans (DSDPs) to  promote decentralized planning for skill development and implementation at the grassroots level. The DSDPs identify sectors with employment opportunities as well as the associated demand for skilling in the district, and map the available facilities for Skill Training. Skill Development Programmes of the Government are designed and implemented to bridge identified skill gaps across sectors.

To ensure that the skills training is aligned with the current industry requirements and thereby improve employability of the youth, following specific steps have been taken by MSDE under PMKVY. These include:

- I. Enhanced industry participation: Proposals from industry partners, industry bodies, and employer organizations are actively considered for designing and implementing training programs, ensuring that training delivery corresponds to real-time workforce requirements and new-age skills such as AI, ML, robotics, and green technologies.
- II. Awarding Bodies: More than fifteen industries designated as Awarding Bodies to develop job roles aligned with industry needs such as HCL Technologies, IBM, Bajaj Finserv, Microsoft, etc.
- III. Industry  Consultation  Workshops: Organized  with  over  120  industries  to enhance the skilling ecosystem through strategies like voucher-based training, hybrid models, and establishment of Centres of Excellence.
- IV. Industry-Led Sector Skill Councils (SSCs): SSCs engage continuously with employers  and  industry  partners  to  identify  emerging  job  roles,  update Qualification Packs (QPs) and National Occupational Standards (NOS), and ensure that training content reflects current industry requirements.
- V. National Skill Qualification Framework (NSQF): All job roles are aligned to NSQF, which is periodically revised based on industry feedback, technological developments, and sectoral demand patterns.
- VI. District  Skill  Committees  (DSCs ):  DSCs  conduct  district-level  skill  gap assessments to map local employment demand and align training implementation with regional industry needs and livelihood opportunities.
- VII. On-Job-Training (OJT ) in short term skilling in Industries.
8. (c)    MSDE conducts periodic independent evaluations of PMKVY to ensure quality and  accountability.  An  evaluation  by  NITI  Aayog  (October  2020)  indicated  that approximately 94 percent of surveyed employers expressed willingness to hire more candidates trained under PMKVY. The study also noted that 52 percent of candidates placed  in  employment  or  oriented  under  the  Recognition  of  Prior  Learning  (RPL) component  reported  receiving  higher  salaries  or  expecting  improved  earnings compared to uncertified peers. An independent evaluation of PMKVY 2.0 conducted by the Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA) found that about 70.5 percent of surveyed candidates were placed in their desired skill sector. More recently, a thirdparty  evaluation  of  PMKVY 4.0  conducted by  the  Arun  Jaitley  National  Institute  of Financial  Management  (AJNIFM)  in  2025  observed  that  77  percent  of  Short-Term Training (STT) candidates and 78 percent of surveyed RPL candidates reported being satisfied or very satisfied with the training content, reflecting strong acceptance of the curriculum and its delivery across the country.
9. (d)     The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) is working in collaboration  with  State  Governments,  industry  partners,  and  private  institutions  to promote  green  skills  and  strengthen  training  infrastructure  in  emerging  green technology sectors. Under PMKVY 4.0, efforts are being undertaken to integrate green job roles across the skilling ecosystem. Key initiatives include:
- Collaboration with State Governments: As PMKVY 4.0 follows a demand-driven approach, States have been engaged to submit demand-based proposals for skilling. State Skill Development Missions (SSDMs) have been involved in identifying State-specific green skill requirements and in integrating green  technology  training  through  designated  State-run  skill  hubs.  Several States have initiated green skilling in areas such as renewable energy, electric mobility, waste management, sustainable agriculture, and energy efficiency.
- Partnerships  with  Industry  and  Private  Institutions: MSDE  collaborates with industry bodies and Sector Skill Councils (SSCs) to co-create curricula and establish  training  facilities  focused  on  green  technologies,  including  solar energy, electric vehicles (EV), battery management systems, green logistics, and circular economy-related skills.
- Integration with National Green Initiatives: Green skilling efforts are aligned with key Government initiatives such as the National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM). Skilling has been prioritised in regions where NGHM-linked industrial plants  are  being  established.  As  on  31st  December  2025,  a  total  of  7,884
13. candidates  have  been  trained  across  India  under  green  hydrogen-related skilling initiatives.
- PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana (PMSGMBY): The Directorate General of Training (DGT) is the nodal agency for imparting technical skilling under the scheme, while NIESBUD is implementing the entrepreneurship development component.  Under  the  skilling  component,  62,000  candidates  have  been trained  by  DGT,  and  over  24,000  vendors  have  been  trained  by  NIESBUD under the entrepreneurship module.
15. (e)           PMKVY 4.0 does not provide direct financial or non-financial incentives to industries  for  employing  certified  trainees,  including  those  within  the  Lok  Sabha constituencies of Ghaziabad, Khagaria, Samastipur, Jamui and Surat. Instead, the Scheme  follows  a  demand-driven  approach  to  enhance  employability  and  foster industry participation in all regions of the country.

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