Lok Sabha Question No. 872 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-07-21
Subject: Availability of Water
Ministry: WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT AND GANAGA REJUVENATION
Asked by: HUKUM SINGH

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES,

## RIVER DEVELOPMENT & GANGA REJUVENATION LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 872

ANSWERED ON 21.07.2016

## AVAILABILITY OF WATER

## 872. SHRI HUKUM SINGH

Will the Minister  of  WATER  RESOURCES,  RIVER  DEVELOPMENT  AND  GANGA REJUVENATION be pleased to state:

(a) whether the Government has any details of the availability of water in India, if so, the details thereof, State/UT-wise and if not, the reasons therefor;

(b) whether the Government has any details of the exploitation of groundwater across the country, if so, the details thereof, State/UT-wise and if not, the reasons therefor;

(c) whether in some States, the groundwater levels have dipped alarmingly, if so, the details thereof and the reasons therefor; and

(d)  whether  the  indiscriminate  construction  of  artificial  water  bodies  and  check  dams  by  the Government made matters worse in some States, if so, the details thereof and steps being taken to correct the situation to protect the groundwater from any type of exploitation in future?

## ANSWER

## THE  MINISTER  OF  STATE  FOR  WATER  RESOURCES,  RIVER  DEVELOPMENT  AND GANGA REJUVENATION ( DR. SANJEEV KUMAR BALYAN )

(a)  &  (b)  As  per  the  basin-wise  assessment  of  water  resources  conducted  by  Central  Water Commission,  the  average  annual  water  availability  in  the  country  is  1869  Billion  Cubic  Meters (BCM).  However  due  to  topographic,  hydrological  and  other  constraints  the  utilizable  water  has been  estimated  to  be  about  1123  BCM  comprising  690  BCM  of  surface  water  and  433  BCM  of replenishable  ground  water.  The  net  annual  ground  water  availability  is  398  BCM  out  of  which annual  ground  water  utilization  (draft)  is  estimated  as  245  BCM.  Out  of  6607  assessment  units (Blocks/ Mandals/ Talukas/Fikras/ Districts) in the Country assessed during the assessment, 1071 units falling in 16 States and 2 UTs have been categorized as 'Over-exploited, whereas, 217 units have  been  categorized  as  critical  and  697  as  semi-critical.  The  overall  stage  of  ground  water development is 62%. State/UT-wise details of ground water resources availability, utilization and stage  of  development  are  given  at  Annexure  -  I.A  Statement  indicating  the  basin  wise  details  of water resources potential and utilizable surface water resources is at Annexure II.

(c) As  per  the  ground  water  level  data  monitored  by  Central  Ground  Water  Board  in  the Country, Pre-monsoon (April/ May, 2016) ground water level data when compared with the decadal average (2006-2015) indicates that around 35% of the wells have registered rise and 65% wells are showing  decline  in  ground  water  level,  mostly  in  the  range  of  0-2  m  (meters),  in  almost  all  the States/UTs of the country, except a few States namely Arunachal Pradesh, Goa, Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu and Tripura. The tabular Statement of State-wise details in this regard is given in Annexure III . The reasons for the decline in ground water level throughout the country can be attributed to increase in the withdrawal of ground water for meeting the demands as well as deficient and erratic rainfall in the previous years.

(d) Central Ground Water Board has taken up several artificial recharge projects comprising of construction  of  Check  dams,  percolation  ponds  as  demonstrative  projects  in  the  Country  during various plan periods. The impact assessment studies carried out so far have shown rise in ground water levels and enhanced sustainability of ground water abstraction structures after implementation of projects. However, no adverse effects have been reported so far in this regard. Further, CGWB has prepared a conceptual document entitled 'Master Plan for Artificial Recharge to Ground Water in India' during the year 2013, which envisages construction of different types of Artificial Recharge and  Rainwater  Harvesting  structures  in  the  Country  in  an  area  of  9,41,541  sq.km  by  harnessing surplus monsoon runoff to augment ground water resources.  The Master Plan has been circulated to all State Governments for implementation.

*****

Annexure referred to in reply to Parts (a) and (b) of the Unstarred Question No. 872 to be answered on 21.07.2016 in the Lok Sabha regarding 'Availability of Water'

STATE-WISE  GROUND  WATER  RESOURCES  AVAILABILITY,  UTILIZATION  AND  STAGE  OF DEVELOPMENT INDIA (As on 2011)

(in BCM)

| Sl.                  | States / Union       | Annual Replenishable Ground Water   | Natural Discharge during non-   | Net Annual Ground Water Availability   | Annual Ground Water Draft   | Annual Ground Water Draft    | Annual Ground Water Draft   | Stage of Ground Development   |
|----------------------|----------------------|-------------------------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------|-----------------------------|------------------------------|-----------------------------|-------------------------------|
| No.                  | Territories          | Resource                            | monsoon season                  |                                        | Irrigation                  | Domestic and industrial uses | Total                       | Water (%)                     |
| 1                    | Andhra Pradesh       | 20.7892                             | 1.9064                          | 18.8828                                | 6.2694                      | 0.7381                       | 7.0075                      | 37                            |
| 2                    | Telangana            | 15.098                              | 1.4138                          | 13.6844                                | 6.9103                      | 0.5919                       | 7.502                       | 55                            |
| 3                    | Arunachal Pradesh    | 4.5100                              | 0.4500                          | 4.0600                                 | 0.0020                      | 0.0010                       | 0.0030                      | 0.08                          |
| 4                    | Assam                | 28.5200                             | 2.7300                          | 25.7900                                | 2.8600                      | 0.6400                       | 3.4900                      | 14                            |
| 5                    | Bihar                | 29.3350                             | 2.4705                          | 26.8645                                | 10.2550                     | 1.6960                       | 11.9509                     | 44                            |
| 6                    | Chhattisgarh         | 12.4200                             | 0.7900                          | 11.6300                                | 3.4300                      | 0.6200                       | 4.0500                      | 35                            |
| 7                    | Delhi                | 0.3105                              | 0.0234                          | 0.2871                                 | 0.1402                      | 0.2519                       | 0.3922                      | 137                           |
| 8                    | Goa                  | 0.2424                              | 0.0970                          | 0.1454                                 | 0.0101                      | 0.0311                       | 0.0411                      | 28                            |
| 9                    | Gujarat              | 18.5686                             | 0.9832                          | 17.5854                                | 10.7477                     | 1.1074                       | 11.8551                     | 67                            |
| 10                   | Haryana              | 10.7800                             | 0.9900                          | 9.7900                                 | 12.3500                     | 0.7100                       | 13.0500                     | 133                           |
| 11                   | Himachal Pradesh     | 0.5590                              | 0.0280                          | 0.5311                                 | 0.2506                      | 0.1272                       | 0.3778                      | 71                            |
| 12                   | Jammu &Kashmir       | 4.2512                              | 0.4251                          | 3.8261                                 | 0.1988                      | 0.6077                       | 0.8065                      | 21                            |
| 13                   | Jharkhand            | 6.3100                              | 0.5500                          | 5.7600                                 | 1.3100                      | 0.5500                       | 1.8600                      | 32                            |
| 14                   | Karnataka            | 17.0266                             | 2.2154                          | 14.8112                                | 8.5916                      | 0.8198                       | 9.4114                      | 64                            |
| 15                   | Kerala               | 6.6864                              | 0.6134                          | 6.0730                                 | 1.3046                      | 1.5310                       | 2.8355                      | 47                            |
| 16                   | Madhya Pradesh       | 35.0406                             | 1.7520                          | 33.2886                                | 17.4809                     | 1.3527                       | 18.8335                     | 57                            |
| 17                   | Maharashtra          | 33.9474                             | 1.7955                          | 32.1519                                | 16.1460                     | 1.0293                       | 17.1754                     | 53                            |
| 18                   | Manipur              | 0.4401                              | 0.0440                          | 0.3961                                 | 0.0033                      | 0.0007                       | 0.0040                      | 1.02                          |
| 19                   | Meghalaya            | 1.7805                              | 0.1780                          | 1.6024                                 | 0.0015                      | 0.0002                       | 0.0017                      | 0.08                          |
| 20                   | Mizoram              | 0.0304                              | 0.0030                          | 0.0273                                 | 0.0000                      | 0.0010                       | 0.0010                      | 3.52                          |
| 21                   | Nagaland             | 0.6159                              | 0.0616                          | 0.5543                                 | 0.0000                      | 0.0340                       | 0.0340                      | 6.13                          |
| 22                   | Odisha               | 17.7768                             | 1.0859                          | 16.6909                                | 3.8126                      | 0.9162                       | 4.7288                      | 28                            |
| 23                   | Punjab               | 22.5300                             | 2.2100                          | 20.3200                                | 34.1700                     | 0.7100                       | 34.8800                     | 172                           |
| 24                   | Rajasthan            | 11.9414                             | 1.1125                          | 10.8290                                | 13.1332                     | 1.7098                       | 14.8430                     | 137                           |
| 25                   | Sikkim*              | -                                   | -                               | 0.0442                                 | 0.0027                      | 0.0086                       | 0.0113                      | 26                            |
| 26                   | Tamil Nadu           | 21.5326                             | 2.1533                          | 19.3793                                | 13.1688                     | 1.7638                       | 14.9326                     | 77                            |
| 27                   | Tripura              | 2.5866                              | 0.2286                          | 2.3580                                 | 0.0932                      | 0.0694                       | 0.1626                      | 7                             |
| 28                   | Uttar Pradesh        | 77.1900                             | 5.5300                          | 71.6600                                | 48.7400                     | 4.0400                       | 52.7800                     | 74                            |
| 29                   | Uttarakhand          | 2.0403                              | 0.0449                          | 1.9954                                 | 1.1033                      | 0.0298                       | 1.1331                      | 57                            |
| 30                   | West Bengal          | 29.2511                             | 2.6688                          | 26.5823                                | 9.7195                      | 0.9731                       | 10.6926                     | 40                            |
|                      | Total States         | 432.11                              | 34.55                           | 397.60                                 | 222.21                      | 22.66                        | 244.85                      | 62                            |
|                      | Union Territories    |                                     |                                 |                                        |                             |                              |                             |                               |
| 1                    | Andaman &Nicobar     | 0.3080                              | 0.0216                          | 0.2865                                 | 0.0006                      | 0.0121                       | 0.0127                      | 4.44                          |
| 2                    | Chandigarh           | 0.0216                              | 0.0022                          | 0.0194                                 | 0.0000                      | 0.0000                       | 0.0000                      | 0                             |
| 3                    | D &NHaveli           | 0.0622                              | 0.0031                          | 0.0591                                 | 0.0072                      | 0.0056                       | 0.0129                      | 22                            |
| 4                    | Daman &Diu           | 0.0181                              | 0.0012                          | 0.0169                                 | 0.0145                      | 0.0019                       | 0.0164                      | 97                            |
| 5                    | Lakshadweep          | 0.0105                              | 0.0070                          | 0.0035                                 | 0.0000                      | 0.0023                       | 0.0023                      | 67                            |
| 6                    | Puducherry           | 0.1893                              | 0.0190                          | 0.1703                                 | 0.1237                      | 0.0293                       | 0.1530                      | 90                            |
|                      | Total UTs            | 0.6100                              | 0.0500                          | 0.5600                                 | 0.1500                      | 0.0500                       | 0.2000                      | 36 62                         |
| Grand Total 432.7200 | Grand Total 432.7200 | Grand Total 432.7200                | 34.6000                         | 398.1600                               | 222.3600                    | 22.7100                      | 245.0500                    |                               |

Annexure referred to in reply to Parts (a) and (b) of the Unstarred Question No. 872to be answered on 21.07.2016 in the Lok Sabha regarding 'Availability of Water'

## WATER RESOURCES POTENTIAL OF RIVER BASINS OF INDIA

| Sl. No .   | River Basin                                                | Catchment area (Sq.Km)   | Average Water Resources Potential (BCM)*   | Utilizable surface water resources (BCM)**   |
|------------|------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------|
| 1          | Indus                                                      | 321289                   | 73.3                                       | 46                                           |
| 2          | Ganga-Brahmaputra-Meghna                                   |                          |                                            |                                              |
|            | (a) Ganga                                                  | 861452                   | 525                                        | 250                                          |
|            | (b) Brahmaputra                                            | 194413                   | 537.2                                      | 24                                           |
|            | (c) Barak &others                                          | 41723                    | 48.4                                       |                                              |
| 3          | Godavari                                                   | 312812                   | 110.5                                      | 76.3                                         |
| 4          | Krishna                                                    | 258948                   | 78.1                                       | 58                                           |
| 5          | Cauvery                                                    | 81155                    | 21.4                                       | 19                                           |
| 6          | Subernarekha                                               | 29196                    | 12.4                                       | 6.8                                          |
| 7          | Brahmani-Baitarni                                          | 51822                    | 28.5                                       | 18.3                                         |
| 8          | Mahanadi                                                   | 141589                   | 66.9                                       | 50                                           |
| 9          | Pennar                                                     | 55213                    | 6.3                                        | 6.9                                          |
| 10         | Mahi                                                       | 34842                    | 11                                         | 3.1                                          |
| 11         | Sabarmati                                                  | 21674                    | 3.8                                        | 1.9                                          |
| 12         | Narmada                                                    | 98796                    | 45.6                                       | 34.5                                         |
| 13         | Tapi                                                       | 65145                    | 14.9                                       | 14.5                                         |
| 14         | West Flowing Rivers from Tapi to Tadri                     | 55940                    | 87.4                                       | 11.9                                         |
| 15         | West Flowing Rivers from Tadri to Kanyakumari              | 56177                    | 113.5                                      | 24.3                                         |
| 16         | East Flowing Rivers between Mahanadi and Pennar            | 86643                    | 22.5                                       | 13.1                                         |
| 17         | East Flowing Rivers between Pennar& Kanyakumari            | 100139                   | 16.5                                       | 16.5                                         |
| 18         | West Flowing Rivers of Kutch and Saurashtra including Luni | 321851                   | 15.1                                       | 15                                           |
| 19         | Area of Inland Drainage in Rajasthan                       | ---                      | Negligible                                 | --                                           |
| 20         | Minor Rivers draining into Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh  | 36302                    | 31                                         | --                                           |
| Total      | Total                                                      | Total                    | 1,869.4                                    | 690                                          |

Annexure referred to in reply to Part (c) of the Unstarred Question No. 872to be answered on 21.07.2016 in the Lok Sabha regarding 'Availability of Water'

State-wise Decadal Water Level Fluctuation with Mean [Pre-monsoon (2006 to 2015] and Pre-monsoon 2016

| S. No.   | Name of State       | No. of wells Analyzed   | Rise   | Rise   | Fall   | Fall   |
|----------|---------------------|-------------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
|          |                     |                         | No     | %      | No     | %      |
| 1        | Andhra Pradesh      | 547                     | 236    | 43     | 308    | 56     |
| 2        | Arunachal Pradesh   | 14                      | 10     | 71     | 4      | 29     |
| 3        | Assam               | 182                     | 84     | 46     | 98     | 54     |
| 4        | Bihar               | 551                     | 180    | 33     | 369    | 67     |
| 5        | Chandigarh          | 11                      | 4      | 36     | 7      | 64     |
| 6        | Chhattisgarh        | 616                     | 165    | 27     | 451    | 73     |
| 7        | Dadra &Nagar Haveli | 12                      | 6      | 50     | 6      | 50     |
| 8        | Daman &Diu          | 10                      | 2      | 20     | 8      | 80     |
| 9        | Delhi               | 115                     | 26     | 23     | 89     | 77     |
| 10       | Goa                 | 70                      | 41     | 59     | 29     | 41     |
| 11       | Gujarat             | 738                     | 254    | 34     | 475    | 64     |
| 12       | Haryana             | 302                     | 111    | 37     | 191    | 63     |
| 13       | Himachal Pradesh    | 95                      | 36     | 38     | 59     | 62     |
| 14       | Jammu &Kashmir      | 225                     | 83     | 37     | 142    | 63     |
| 15       | Jharkhand           | 212                     | 86     | 41     | 126    | 59     |
| 16       | Karnataka           | 1380                    | 415    | 30     | 949    | 69     |
| 17       | Kerala              | 1240                    | 454    | 37     | 779    | 63     |
| 18       | Madhya Pradesh      | 1343                    | 502    | 37     | 838    | 62     |
| 19       | Maharashtra         | 1487                    | 437    | 29     | 1041   | 70     |
| 20       | Meghalaya           | 17                      | 6      | 35     | 11     | 65     |
| 21       | Odisha              | 1103                    | 395    | 36     | 705    | 64     |
| 22       | Pondicherry         | 6                       | 5      | 83     | 1      | 17     |
| 23       | Punjab              | 238                     | 59     | 25     | 179    | 75     |
| 24       | Rajasthan           | 829                     | 346    | 42     | 481    | 58     |
| 25       | Tamil Nadu          | 587                     | 345    | 59     | 242    | 41     |
| 26       | Telangana           | 377                     | 66     | 18     | 308    | 82     |
| 27       | Tripura             | 28                      | 21     | 75     | 7      | 25     |
| 28       | Uttar Pradesh       | 629                     | 95     | 15     | 534    | 85     |
| 29       | Uttarakhand         | 44                      | 21     | 48     | 23     | 52     |
| 30       | West Bengal         | 899                     | 310    | 34     | 589    | 66     |
| Total    | Total               | 13907                   | 4801   | 34.5   | 9049   | 65.1   |

Note: About 0.4% of wells have not shown any change in GW level s.