Lok Sabha Question No. 1164 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-12-08
Subject: Impact of National Education Policy
Ministry: EDUCATION
Asked by: Shri Asaduddin Owaisi

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION & LITERACY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO- 1164 ANSWERED ON 08/12/2025

## Impact of National Education Policy

1164. Shri Asaduddin Owaisi:

Will the Minister of EDUCATION be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has assessed the impact of the National Education Policy, 2020 as it completes its fifth year of implementation in the country;
- (b)  if  so,  the  details  of  the  outcomes  achieved  in  foundational  literacy  and  numeracy, research,  multidisciplinary  education  and  enrollment  and  dropout  rates  during  the  last  five years;
- (c)  whether  the  Government  is  aware  that  Government  schools  are  lagging  far  behind  the private schools in the implementation of the policy in the country;
- (d)  if  so,  the  details  of  the  policy  implementation  in  private  and  Government  schools State/UT-wise;
- (e)  the  details  of  initiatives  undertaken  by  the  Government  as  part  of  the  policy  for  the inculcation of vocational training and the development of entrepreneurship in the youth; and
- (f) whether the Government has integrated any international best practices in the NEP, 2020 and if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

## (SHRI JAYANT CHAUDHARY)

(a) to (f): A number of transformative changes have taken place both in school and higher education after  announcement  of  National  Education  Policy (NEP  2020).  In  School Education several initiatives have been taken such as alignment of Samagra Shiksha with the NEP;  launching  of  National  Initiative  for  Proficiency  in  Reading  with  Understanding  and Numeracy (NIPUN Bharat) for ensuring foundational literacy and numeracy by the end of Grade 2; Vidya-Pravesh Guidelines for three-month play-based School Preparation Module;

PM e-VIDYA to unify all efforts related to digital/online/on-air education to enable coherent multi-mode access to education; DIKSHA (Digital Infrastructure for Knowledge Sharing) as One  Nation  One  Digital  Platform  having  e-Books  and  e-Contents;  launch  of  National Curriculum  Framework  for  Foundational  Stage  (NCF-FS)  and  Jadui  Pitara  for  play-based learning  teaching  material  tailored  for  children  between  the  age  group  of  3  to  8  years; National  Curriculum  Framework  for  School  Education  (NCF-SE)  to  address  the  entire educational journey uptil secondary stage. PARAKH (Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development); NISHTHA (National Initiative for School Heads' and Teachers' Holistic Advancement) Elementary, Secondary, FLN & ECCE; Vidya Samiksha Kendra; Integrated Teacher Education Programme; National Professional Standards  for  Teachers  (NPST);  National  Digital  Education  Architecture  (NDEAR)  for creating  a  unifying  national  digital  infrastructure  to  energise  and  catalyse  the  education ecosystem,  implementation  of  a  scheme  'New  India  Literacy  Programme  or  ULLAS' targeting all non-literates age 15 years and above, etc.

PM  SHRI  Scheme  has  been  launched  with  an  aim  to  develop  more  than  14,500 selected schools as exemplar schools that offer leadership to other schools in the neighbourhood, showcasing all the initiatives of NEP 2020.

PARAKH  Rashtriya  Sarvekshan  2024  was  conducted  on  4th  December,  2024  to understand  the  baseline  performance  among  students  at  the  end  of  the  Foundational, Preparatory and Middle Stages in grade 3,6 and 9. National, State and District level reports for PARAKH Rashtriya Sarvekshan 2024 are available at https://dashboard.parakh.ncert.gov.in/en. The findings of PARAKH Rashtriya Sarvekshan 2024 highlight a significant improvement when compared to NAS 21 scores in foundational literacy  and  numeracy  skills,  thereby,  reflecting  the  positive  impact  of  the  NIPUN  Bharat Mission launched under NEP 2020.

Focus of NEP 2020 on research and innovation has propelled India's ranking in the Global Innovation Index (GII) from 81 in 2015 to 38 in 2025. India ranks 3rd in terms of number  of  PhDs  awarded  in  Science  and  Engineering  (S&E)  as  per  'Research  and Development Statistics at a glance 2022-23' of Deptt. Of Science and Technology. India also ranked 3rd in 2022 (from 7th in 2010) in terms of total number of Science and Engineering publications.  The  Government  of  India  has  been  making  concerted  efforts  to  enhance  the quality of education across the country. These efforts not only reflect in the growing global presence and academic competitiveness of Indian HEIs, but also impact their performance in international rankings.

NEP 2020 envisions to instill among the learners a deep-rooted pride in being Indian, not only in thought, but also in spirit, intellect, and deeds, as well as to develop knowledge, skills,  values,  and  dispositions  that  support  responsible  commitment  to  human  rights, sustainable development and living, and global well-being, thereby reflecting a truly global citizen.

As  per  data  available  on  Unified  District  Information  on  School  Education  plus (UDISE+) portal, the total number of enrollment in Government schools from pre-primary to higher secondary was 13,11,13,434 in 2018-19 and in 2024-25, it was 12,15,89,911. Based on  the  recommendations  of  NEP  2020,  w.e.f.,  2022-23  UDISE+  has  been  revitalized  to capture individual student wise data and create students' registry. There has been a complete change in the manner of collection of data from 2022-23 onwards from the Gross Enrolment Data  to  Individual  student  data.  This  makes  comparison  of  data  from  previous  years statistically different/inchoate.

Further, as per data available on UDISE+ portal, the dropout rate during 2018-19 at Primary, Upper Primary and Secondary level was 4.5, 4.7 and 17.9 respectively.  During the period 2024-25, the dropout rate decreased substantially at all levels of school education and the  dropout  rate  for  Primary,  Upper  Primary  and  Secondary  level  is  0.3,  3.5  and  11.5 respectively.

NEP 2020 provides different timelines as well as principles and methodology for its implementation.  It  also  envisions  operationalization  of  the  entire  policy  in  the  decade  of 2030-40, following which another comprehensive review will be undertaken. Education is in the  concurrent list of the Constitution and  most  of  the schools are within the administrative domain of the respective State and UT Government. Accordingly, Ministry of Education, State Governments, education-related Ministries, the regulatory and implementing bodies of school and higher education such as University Grants Commission, All  India  Council  for  Technical  Education,  National  Council  for  Teacher  Education, National  Council  of  Educational  Research  and  Training,  Central  Board  of  Secondary Education, Universities/Colleges/Schools etc. have taken several initiatives for implementation of NEP 2020. Monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of the NEP is an ongoing process.

Under Skill Education component of Samagra Shiksha Scheme, financial assistance is provided to the States and UTs for giving exposure to Vocational Education to students of Grades VI to VIII and introduction of vocational courses from Grades IX to XII, which are aligned  with  the  National  Skills  Qualifications  Framework  (NSQF).  Assistance  is  also provided  for  the  introduction  of  Skill  Education  in  schools,  capacity  building  of  Skill Education teachers/skill trainers, development of competency-based curriculum and teaching learning material, development of management information system for monitoring and evaluation, and taking up innovative programmes under Skill Education.  Till 2025-26, 36,465 schools have been approved under the scheme out of which the Skill Education has been implemented in 25,140 schools with the enrolment of 35,56,330 students.

Under PM SHRI till 2025-26, 4,988 schools have been approved for skill education under the scheme out of which the Skill Education has been implemented in 3,798 schools with the enrolment of 7,58,710 students.

The  Department  of  School  Education  &  Literacy  (DoSEL)  coordinates  for  the implementation of Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) in schools. The scheme targets  schools/college drop outs, out-of-school children and unemployed youths in the age group of 15-45 years. Under the scheme the targeted groups are offered demand driven and industry-linked skilling  courses  that  will  enable  them  to  choose  a  career  path  aligned  with their abilities and aspirations. It has been envisaged to leverage the existing infrastructure of schools  after  the  school  hours  or  on  non-working  days  as  'Skill  Hub'  for  imparting  Skill Education and Training. and faculty/student  exchanges  with  high-quality  foreign  institutions.  It  also  encourages  high

NEP 2020 provides for facilitation of research/teaching collaborations performing Indian universities to set up their campuses in other countries.

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