Lok Sabha Question No. 27 (STARRED), answered on 2015-12-01
Subject: Air Pollution
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: DODDAALAHALLI KEMPEGOWDA SURESH

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 27

TO BE ANSWERED ON 01.12.2015

## Air Pollution

## *27. SHRI D. K. SURESH:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has taken note of rise in air pollution due to diesel powered vehicles in various parts of the country including metropolitan and big cities severely affecting senior citizens, women and children;
- (b) if so, the reaction of the Government thereto;
- (c) whether the Government has set any emission norms to check the air pollution in the country and if so, the details thereof;
- (d) whether the Government has put any mechanism in place to ensure that the vehicles adhere to the said emission norms, if so, the details thereof and the response received in this regard; and
- (e) the corrective action taken by the Government to curtail air pollution in the country?

## ANSWER

MINISTER  OF  STATE  (INDEPENDENT  CHARGE)  FOR  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

(SHRI PRAKASH JAVADEKAR)

- (a)  to (e): A statement is laid on the Table of the House

***

Statement referred to in reply to Lok Sabha Starred Question No. 27 due for reply on 01.12.2015  regarding  'Air  Pollution'  by  SHRI  D.  K.  SURESH,  Hon'ble  Member  of Parliament

(a)  &  (b)    As  per  the  report  on  Source  Apportionment  Studies  undertaken  by  the  Central Pollution  Control  Board  in  association  with  other  leading  national  institutions  in  six metropolitan  cities  including  Delhi  during  the  2007-09,  contribution  of  vehicles  including diesel  vehicles  to  particulate  matter  (PM10)  in  ambient  air  ranges  between  9-20%  in  these cities.  Air  pollution  is  known  to  be  one  of  the  aggravating  factors  for  many  respiratory ailments and cardiovascular disease.

(c) The  Government  has  notified  the  BS-IV  emission  norms  for  63  cities  and  BS-III norms for rest of the country. The details of emission norms are given in the Annexure.

(d) The Government has set up a mechanism to ensure adherence to the emission norms through  the  Pollution  Under  Control  (PUC)  systems.  The  State  Government  agencies including  Department  of  Transport  implement  the  emission  norms  and  non-compliant vehicles are challaned. The Mass emission norms prescribed for New Vehicles are ensured through Type Approval (TA) and Conformity of Production (CoP) testing are being done as certified testing agencies, namely, Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) - Pune, Vehicle  Research  & Development Establishment - Ahmednagar,  Central Farm Machinery Testing and Training Institute - Budhni, Indian Institute of Petroleum - Dehradun, Central Institute of Road Transport - Pune, and International Centre for Automotive Technology Manesar.

- (e) The corrective action taken by the Government to curtain air pollution include:
- Progressive tightening of the Emission Norms along with supply of commensurate Fuel Quality.
- Implementation of BS-IV norms throughout the country by April, 2017.
- Strengthening of Pollution Under  Control (PUC)  systems by State /  UT Governments.
- Introduction of alternative fuels like CNG, LPG and bio-diesel (B20).
- Introduction of 5% ethanol gasoline fuel blends across the country by Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas.
- Launching  of  National  Air  Quality  Index  by  the  Prime  Minister  in  April,  2015 starting with 10 cities to create awareness.
- Launching of Clean Indian Mission (Swatch Bharat Abhiyan).
- Taking  up  with  State  Governments  by  Central  Pollution  Control  Board  for formulating action plan for mitigation of air pollution in about 95 non-compliant cities in the country.
- Banning of burning of leaves/biomass.
- Enforcement of lane discipline, car pooling, vehicle maintenance etc.

ANNEXURE  referred  in  the  statement  referred  to  in  reply  to  Lok  Sabha  Starred Question  No.27  due  for  reply  on  01.12.2015  regarding  'Air  Pollution'  by  SHRI  D.K. SURESH, Hon'ble Member of Parliament.

## Emission Standards for 4-Wheelers

## I. Emission Standards for  Light Duty Vehicles :

This category comprises passenger cars, utility vehicles, vans, and light commercial vehicles.

## A. Gasoline Vehicles:

|             |                           | Emission Standards in g/km   | Emission Standards in g/km   | Emission Standards in g/km   | Emission Standards in g/km   | Emission Standards in g/km   |
|-------------|---------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|
| Vehicle     | Emission Standards (Year) | CO                           | HC                           | NOx                          | HC + NOx                     | Deterioration Factor DF)     |
| LDVs        | BS III*                   | 2.30                         | 0.20                         | 0.15                         | -                            | 1.2                          |
| LDVs        | BS III**                  | 2.3 - 5.22                   | 0.20 - 0.29                  | 0.15 - 0.21                  | -                            | 1.2                          |
| (Gasoline ) | 2010 BS IV*               | 1.00                         | 0.10                         | 0.08                         | -                            | 1.2                          |
| (Gasoline ) | 2010 BS IV**              | 1.00 - 2.27                  | 0.10 - 0.16                  | 0.08 - 0.11                  | -                            | 1.2                          |

## B. Emission Standards for Diesel Vehicles

|                               |                                  | Emission Standards               | Emission Standards               | Emission Standards               | Emission Standards               | Emission Standards               |                                  |
|-------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|
|                               | Year                             | CO                               | HC                               | NOx                              | HC + NOx                         | PM                               |                                  |
| Light Duty Vehicles ( Diesel) | By Chassis Dynamometer in g/km # | By Chassis Dynamometer in g/km # | By Chassis Dynamometer in g/km # | By Chassis Dynamometer in g/km # | By Chassis Dynamometer in g/km # | By Chassis Dynamometer in g/km # | By Chassis Dynamometer in g/km # |
| Light Duty Vehicles ( Diesel) | 2005 B.S III*                    | 0.64                             | -                                | 0.50                             | 0.56                             | 0.05                             | DF: CO 1.1, NOx 1.0, PM 1.2      |
| Light Duty Vehicles ( Diesel) | 2005 BSIII* *                    | 0.64 - 0.95                      | -                                | .50 - 0.78                       | 0.56 - 0.86                      | 0.05 - 0.10                      | DF: CO 1.1, NOx 1.0, PM 1.2      |
| Light Duty Vehicles ( Diesel) | 2010 B.S IV*                     | 0.50                             | -                                | 0.25                             | 0.30                             | 0.025                            | DF: CO 1.1, NOx 1.0, PM 1.2      |
| Light Duty Vehicles ( Diesel) | 2010 BSIV* *                     | 0.50 - 0.74                      | -                                | 0.25 - 0.39                      | 0.30 - 0.46                      | 0.025 - 0.06                     | DF: CO 1.1, NOx 1.0, PM 1.2      |

Note:

For Catalytic Converter Fitter Vehicles

* Upto 6 seaters and Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) upto 2500 kg

** More than 6 seaters and GVW upto 3500 kg.

ANNEXURE  referred  in  the  statement  referred  to  in  reply  to  Lok  Sabha  Starred Question  No.27  due  for  reply  on  01.12.2015  regarding  'Air  Pollution'  by  SHRI  D.K. SURESH, Hon'ble Member of Parliament.

## Emission standards for Gasoline powered 2 Wheelers

|              |             | Emission Standards in g/km   | Emission Standards in g/km   | Emission Standards in g/km   | Emission Standards in g/km   | Emission Standards in g/km   |
|--------------|-------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|
| Vehicle      | Year        | CO                           | HC                           | NOx                          | HC + NOx                     | Deterioration Factor DF)     |
| Two wheelers | 2010 BS III | 1.0                          | -                            | -                            | 1.0                          | 1.2                          |

The  emission  limits  of  Co  in  case  of  BS-III  2  wheelers  have  reduced  around  92%  as compared to 1991 limits. The combined limits of HC+ NOx in case of BS-III 2 wheelers have also reduced by 87.5 % in comparison with 1991 limits .

## Emission standards for gasoline powered 3 Wheelers

|                                  |            | Emission Standards in g/km   | Emission Standards in g/km   | Emission Standards in g/km   | Emission Standards in g/km   | Emission Standards in g/km   |
|----------------------------------|------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|
| Vehicle                          | Year       | CO                           | HC                           | NOx                          | HC + NOx                     | Deterioration Factor DF)     |
| Three Wheelers ( Spark Ignition) | 2010 BSIII | 1.25                         | -                            | -                            | 1.25                         | 1.2                          |

The  emission  limits  of  CO  in  case  of  gasoline  powered  BS-III  3  wheelers  have  reduced around  90%  as  compared  to  1991  limits.  The  combined  limits  of  HC+  NOx  in  case  of gasoline powered BS-III  3 wheelers have also reduced by 84.4 %  in comparison with 1991 limits .

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