Lok Sabha Question No. 3655 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-08-10
Subject: Flood Forecasting Stations
Ministry: JAL SHAKTI
Asked by: Dharambir Singh

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF JAL SHAKTI

## DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT & GANGA REJUVENATION

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3655

ANSWERED ON 10.08.2023

## FLOOD FORECASTING STATIONS

## 3655.   SHRI DHARAMBIR SINGH

Will the Minister of JAL SHAKTI be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of the agreement between Central Water Commission (CWC) and Google for effective flood management;
- (b) the details of the flood forecasting stations set up in the country, State/UT-wise;
- (c)  whether  the  CWC's  flood  monitoring  and  forecast  dissemination  was  able  to  accurately  predict  the floods in Haryana; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof by indicating the number of advance days in this regard?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR JAL SHAKTI

## ( SHRI BISHWESWAR TUDU )

- (a) A  collaboration  agreement  between  Google  and  Central  Water  Commission  (CWC)  was  signed  for  a period of 3 years effective from 2nd June 2018. Under the agreement, the Parties agreed to share technical expertise  in  the  fields  of  artificial  intelligence,  machine  learning,  geospatial  mapping  and  analysis  of hydrological  observation  data  to  collaborate  on  (i)  improving  flood  prediction  systems,  which  will  help provide location-targeted, actionable flood warnings (the 'Flood Forecasting initiative'); (ii) a high priority research project  on  the  Google  Earth  Engine  ('Earth  Engine Project');  and  (iii)  a  cultural  project  to build  online exhibitions on the rivers of India (the 'Culture Project').
- (b) The details of State/UT-wise flood forecasting stations are given below :
- (c) & (d) CWC issues short range (upto 24 hours) flood forecast based on gauge to gauge correlation and medium range (upto 7 days) advisory flood forecast based on models to the concerned stakeholders at 338 stations (200 Level Forecast Stations + 138 Inflow Forecast Stations) across the country, including the State of Haryana. The dissemination of flood forecasts is done through dedicated web-portals, social media, flood bulletins, emails etc.

| State/UT-wise Flood Forecasting Stations   | State/UT-wise Flood Forecasting Stations   | State/UT-wise Flood Forecasting Stations   | State/UT-wise Flood Forecasting Stations   | State/UT-wise Flood Forecasting Stations   |
|--------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|
| Sl. No.                                    | Name of State/ UT                          | Number of Flood Forecasting Stations       | Number of Flood Forecasting Stations       | Number of Flood Forecasting Stations       |
|                                            |                                            | Level                                      | Inflow                                     | Total                                      |
| 1                                          | Andhra Pradesh                             | 10                                         | 10                                         | 20                                         |
| 2                                          | Arunachal Pradesh                          | 3                                          | 1                                          | 4                                          |
| 3                                          | Assam                                      | 30                                         | 0                                          | 30                                         |
| 4                                          | Bihar                                      | 40                                         | 3                                          | 43                                         |
| 5                                          | Chhattisgarh                               | 1                                          | 2                                          | 3                                          |
| 6                                          | Gujarat                                    | 6                                          | 8                                          | 14                                         |

| 7   | Haryana          |   1 |   1 |   2 |
|-----|------------------|-----|-----|-----|
| 8   | Himachal Pradesh |   1 |   0 |   1 |
| 9   | Jammu &Kashmir   |   3 |   0 |   3 |
| 10  | Jharkhand        |   2 |  15 |  17 |
| 11  | Karnataka        |   1 |  14 |  15 |
| 12  | Kerela           |   4 |   2 |   6 |
| 13  | Madhya Pradesh   |   2 |  12 |  14 |
| 14  | Maharashtra      |   8 |  14 |  22 |
| 15  | Odisha           |  12 |   7 |  19 |
| 16  | Rajasthan        |   4 |  11 |  15 |
| 17  | Sikkim           |   3 |   5 |   8 |
| 18  | Tamil Nadu       |   4 |  11 |  15 |
| 19  | Telangana        |   5 |   9 |  14 |
| 20  | Tripura          |   2 |   0 |   2 |
| 21  | Uttar Pradesh    |  39 |   5 |  44 |
| 22  | Uttarakhand      |   4 |   4 |   8 |
| 23  | West Bengal      |  12 |   4 |  16 |
| 24  | Daman &Diu       |   1 |   0 |   1 |
| 25  | NCT of Delhi     |   2 |   0 |   2 |
|     | Total            | 200 | 138 | 338 |

CWC maintains 2 Flood Forecasting Stations in Haryana: 1 Level Forecasting Station and 1 Inflow Forecasting Station in river Yamuna.

| Flood Forecasting Information in Haryana   |                                     |             |                        |
|--------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------|------------------------|
| Name of the river                          | Name of FF site                     | District    | Basin Name             |
| 2                                          | 3                                   | 4           | 5                      |
| Yamuna                                     | Karnal Bridge (Level)               | Karnal      | Ganga &its tributaries |
| Yamuna                                     | Tajewala Weir (Hathnikund) (Inflow) | Yamunanagar | Ganga &its tributaries |

Further, there are 10 Hydrological Observation (HO) stations in Haryana.

The accuracy of the forecast depends upon many factors such as rainfall forecast, structure operation and drainage congestion. Generally higher lead time forecasts have relatively lower accuracy than shorter lead time forecasts.

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