opensansad/lok-sabha-qa huggingface dataset:
Lok Sabha Question No. 687 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-06
Subject: Amrit Bharat Station Scheme
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: Kotagiri Sridhar

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 687 TO BE ANSWERED ON 06.12.2023

## AMRIT BHARAT STATION SCHEME

687. SHRI SRIDHAR KOTAGIRI:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

- (a)  the  total  number  of  Railway  stations  that  have  been  identified under Amrit Bharat Station Scheme in the country especially in Andhra Pradesh;
- (b) whether this scheme is divyangjan friendly to ensure equal access and convenience to all;
- (c) if so, the details thereof; and
- (d) if not, the reasons therefor?

ANSWER

MINISTER OF RAILWAYS, COMMUNICATIONS AND

ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (SHRI ASHWINI VAISHNAW)

(a) to (d) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

*****

STATEMENT  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PARTS  (a) TO (d) OF UNSTARRED  QUESTION  NO.  687  BY  SHRI  SRIDHAR  KOTAGIRI  TO  BE ANSWERED IN LOK SABHA ON 06.12.2023 REGARDING AMRIT BHARAT STATION SCHEME

(a)  to  (d)  The  Amrit  Bharat  Station  Scheme  has  been  launched  for development  of  Railway  stations  on  Indian  Railways.  This  scheme envisages  development  of  stations  on  a  continuous  basis  with  a  longterm  approach.    Under  the  Scheme,  1309  stations  across  the  Country, including 72 stations in the State of Andhra Pradesh, have been identified for upgradation/modernisation over Indian Railways.

The scheme involves preparation of Master Plans and their implementation  in  phases  to  improve  the  amenities  at  the  stations including  amenities  for  Divyangjans  such  as  provision  of  ramp  to  the station, lifts, divyangjan friendly toilets, drinking water booths, etc.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 686 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-06
Subject: New Trains from Udaipur to South India
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: Arjunlal Meena

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 686 TO BE ANSWERED ON 06.12.2023

## NEW TRAINS FROM UDAIPUR TO SOUTH INDIA

†686. SHRI ARJUN LAL MEENA:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

(a)  whether  the  Government  is  considering  to  start  new  trains  from Udaipur  City  Railway  Station  to  Hyderabad,  Chennai  and  Bengaluru cities in South India;

- (b)  if so, the details thereof; and
- (c) if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF RAILWAYS, COMMUNICATIONS AND ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (SHRI ASHWINI VAISHNAW)

(a)  to (c) Presently, Udaipur is connected to  Bengaluru by 01 Pair of train service. For travelling to Hyderabad and Chennai, passengers of Udaipur may avail services from Chittaurgarh which is connected to Chennai and Hyderabad by 01 pair of Express services and 02 pairs of Express  services  respectively.  Further,  introduction  of  new  train services is an ongoing process on Indian Railways subject to operational feasibility, traffic justification, resource availability, etc.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 678 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-06
Subject: Restoration of Concessions in Railways
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: Anto  Antony

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 678

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 06.12.2023

## RESTORATION OF CONCESSIONS IN RAILWAYS

## 678. SHRI ANTO ANTONY:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Government  has  any  plans  to  restore  all  concessions given to different  categories  of  railway  passengers  prior  to  Covid-19 Pandemic;
- (b) if so, the details and the steps taken by the Government in this regard;
- (c) whether the Government has received any requests for restoration of concession to the railway passengers;
- (d) if so, the details thereof;
- (e) whether the Railways is giving any special passes to the patients who are suffering from rare and deadly diseases;
- (f) if so, the details of such passes issued during the last five years, year, disease and State-wise;
- (g) whether  the  Government  has  any  plans  to  give  more  passes  to  the patients who are suffering from the other rare diseases; and
- (h) if  so,  the  details  and  the  steps  taken  by  the  Government  in  this regard?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF RAILWAYS, COMMUNICATIONS AND ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

( SHRI ASHWINI VAISHNAW)

- (a) to (h): A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

*****

STATEMENT  REFERRED  TO  IN REPLY TO PARTS (a) TO (h) OF UNSTARRED  QUESTION  NO.  678  BY  SHRI  ANTO  ANTONY  TO  BE ANSWERED IN LOK SABHA ON 06.12.2023 REGARDING RESTORATION OF CONCESSIONS IN RAILWAYS (a) to (h): Indian Railways always strives to provide affordable services to all strata of the society and gave subsidy of ` 59,837 crore on passenger tickets in 2019-20. This amounts to concession of 53% on an average, to every  person,  travelling  on  Railways.  This  subsidy  is  continuing  for  all passengers. Further, concessions beyond this subsidy amount are continuing for many  categories like 4 categories of Persons with disabilities  (Divyangjans),  11  categories  of  patients  and  8  categories  of students.  About  18  lakh  patients  and  their  escorts  availed  this  special concession during 2022-23. Representations/Requests/Suggestions  from  different  quarters  are received  through  different  channels  at  Division  level,  Zonal  Railways, Ministry of Railways and even at station levels etc.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 676 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-06
Subject: Salient Features of Vande Bharat Express Train
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: Janardan Singh Sigriwal

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 676 TO BE ANSWERED ON 06.12.2023

## SALIENT FEATURES OF VANDE BHARAT EXPRESS TRAIN

676. SHRI JANARDAN SINGH SIGRIWAL:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

- (a)   whether  the  Government has started Vande Bharat Express trains in the country;
- (b)  if so, the details thereof, State-wise along with salient features thereof;
- (c)   whether the Government has any proposal to start sleeper version of the said train;
- (d)  if so, the details along with the time by which the said version is likely to become operational; and
- (e)  whether the Government has any proposal to review and reduce the fare of the said train in the interest of common people and if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF RAILWAYS, COMMUNICATIONS AND ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (SHRI ASHWINI VAISHNAW)

(a)   to  (e)  With  a  view  to  provide  better  travel  experience to the passengers, Indian  Railways  have  introduced  Vande  Bharat  trains.  These  trains  have modern  features  like  quick  acceleration,  on  board  infotainment  and  Global Positioning  System  (GPS)  based  passenger  information  system,  automatic sliding doors, and Zero discharge vacuum bio toilets etc. As on 30th November, 2023,  68  seating class  variants  of  Vande  Bharat  train  services  are  running across Indian Railways, connecting States having Broad Gauge (B.G.) electrified network. As the Railway network straddles across State boundaries, trains services are introduced, as per network requirement, cutting across  such  boundaries.  However,  introduction  of  Vande  Bharat  services, including the new variants, is an ongoing process on Indian Railways subject to operational  feasibility,  traffic  justification,  resource  availability,  etc.  Fare rationalization is a continuous and an ongoing process.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 675 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-06
Subject: Modernisation of Post Offices
Ministry: COMMUNICATIONS
Asked by: Rajeshbhai Naranbhai Chudasama

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS DEPARTMENT OF POSTS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 675 TO BE ANSWERED ON 6 TH  DECEMBER, 2023

## MODERNISATION OF POST OFFICES

## 675. SHRI RAJESHBHAI CHUDASAMA:

Will the Minister of COMMUNICATIONS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether any plan has been prepared to modernize the Post Offices in the country and equip them with modern facilities; and
- (b) if so, the details thereof along with the facilities being started in the Post Offices under these schemes?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR COMMUNICATIONS (SHRI DEVUSINH CHAUHAN)

- (a) Information  Technology  Modernization  Project  2.0  of  Department  of  Posts  has  been approved by the Government for continuation of the Technology Project in Department of Posts in February 2022 with an outlay of Rs. 5785 Crore for a period of eight years.
- (b) The Information Technology Modernization Project 2.0 combines applications, intelligent platforms, and interconnected ecosystems so as to provide an inclusive, integrated single window view of postal and financial services to citizens and other stakeholders through multiple delivery channels.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 674 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-06
Subject: Classification Standards for Green Steel
Ministry: STEEL
Asked by: Lallu Singh, Kirit Premjibhai Solanki, Parvesh Sahib Singh, Arvind Kumar Sharma

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF STEEL

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 674 FOR ANSWER ON 06/12/2023

## CLASSIFICATION STANDARDS FOR GREEN STEEL

674. SHRI LALLU SINGH: DR. (PROF.) KIRIT PREMJIBHAI SOLANKI: SHRI PARVESH SAHIB SINGH VERMA: DR. ARVIND KUMAR SHARMA:

Will the Minister of STEEL be pleased to state:

(a) whether the Government is planning to introduce a Classification Standards (taxonomy) for green steel amidst its rapid economic expansion and commitment to sustainable growth and if so, the details thereof; (b)  whether  the  country  is  following  any  global  standards  and  norms  for  eco-friendly  steel production; and

- (c) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE                        (SHRI FAGGAN SINGH KULASTE)

## MINISTRY OF STEEL

(a) to (c). Development of taxonomy for green steel is a global concern and India too shares this concern. Towards this, Ministry of Steel has constituted a Task Force on Development of Taxonomy for Green Steel with engagement of industry, academia, think tanks, S&T bodies, different Ministries/Departments and other stakeholders to discuss, deliberate and recommend upon this.

- ******
Lok Sabha Question No. 673 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-06
Subject: Setting up of Rail Coach Factory in Shahjahanpur
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: Arun Kumar Sagar

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.673

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 06.12.2023

## SETTING UP OF RAIL COACH FACTORY IN SHAHJAHANPUR

†673. SHRI ARUN KUMAR SAGAR:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government proposes to take any steps for setting up of  a  rail  coach  factory,  locomotive  factory  or  diesel  multiple  unit factory in Shahjahanpur of Uttar Pradesh;
- (b) if so, the details thereof; and
- (c) if not, the reasons therefor?

ANSWER

MINISTER OF RAILWAYS, COMMUNICATIONS AND ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

(SHRI ASHWINI VAISHNAW)

(a)  to  (c)  Rolling  Stock  factories  are  set  up  keeping  in  view  the Railway's overall requirements of coaches, locomotives etc. Presently the existing production units and those already planned are sufficient to meet the Railway's present requirement of Rolling Stock. Therefore,  there  is  no  proposal  at  present  for  setting  up  of  Rolling Stock factory in Shahjahanpur.

******
Lok Sabha Question No. 670 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-06
Subject: Mobile Vans for Bharat Atta Distribution
Ministry: CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION
Asked by: (Dr.) Ram Shankar Katheria, Ram Kripal Yadav, Janardan Mishra

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD & PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION DEPARTMENT OF FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.670 TO BE ANSWERED ON 6TH DECEMBER, 2023

## MOBILE VANS FOR BHARAT ATTA DISTRIBUTION

t670.  DR. RAM SHANKAR KATHERIA: SHRI RAM KRIPAL YADAV: SHRI JANARDAN MISHRA:

Will the Minister of CONSUMER  AFFAIRS! FOOD  AND PUBLIC DiSTRiBUTiON usihl gwr+, wu  aN WT8rfqq f+Tar at be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government is  running mobile vans for the sale of 'Bharat Atta' to curb inflation and if so, the number of food items proposed to be included under the said action plan;
- (b) the comprehensive details of the percentage of inflation curbed so far under the said action plan; and
- (c) the total number of mobile vans proposed to be run in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh under the said plan for sale of 'Bharat Atta'?

## ANSWER

INISTER OF STATE FOR MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT  AND CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD & PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION

(SADHVI NIRANJAN JYOTI)

(a) to (c):  The Government of India is providing wheat for processing and sale of atta by the central/state co-operative agencies through physical/mobile retail  outlets  under the 'Bharat  Atta'  brand at  an MRP not exceeding ? 27.50/Kg in order to moderate the prices of wheat and atta. Apart from Bharat Atta,  subsidized Bharat Dal (Chana Dal) and Onion are also being sold by the central/state co-operative agencies through physical/mobile retail outlets .

A total  of 261 mobile vans are running in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh for sale of Bharat Atta, at present.

+++

+
Lok Sabha Question No. 665 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-06
Subject: Small Modular Reactors
Ministry: ATOMIC ENERGY
Asked by: Sujay Radhakrishna Vikhepatil, Heena Vijaykumar Gavit, Rita Bahuguna Joshi, Shrikant Eknath Shinde, Krishna Pal Singh Yadav

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA DEPARTMENT OF ATOMIC ENERGY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 665

TO BE ANSWERED ON 06.12.2023

## Small Modular Reactors

665.   DR. SUJAY RADHAKRISHNA VIKHE PATIL:
2. DR. HEENA VIJAYKUMAR GAVIT:
3. PROF. RITA BAHUGUNA JOSHI:
4. DR. SHRIKANT EKNATH SHINDE:
5. DR. KRISHNA PAL SINGH YADAV:

Will the PRIME MINISTER be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of the number of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) operating in the country and the quantum of electricity being generated by them;
- (b) the details of the number of SMRs established in the country as of November 2023;
- (c) whether the Government is planning to set up more SMRs for the substantial quantity of production of clean energy in the country;
- (d) the details of the number of private/ startup collaborations which have been made by/ with the Government in this regard; and
- (e) whether  the  Government  has  identified  target  sites  for  the  establishment  of  more SMRs in the country particularly in UP, MP and Maharashtra?

## ANSWER

THE  MINISTER  OF  STATE  FOR  PERSONNEL,  PUBLIC  GRIEVANCES  &  PENSIONS AND PRIME MINISTER'S OFFICE (DR. JITENDRA SINGH):

- (a) to (e) Small Modular  Reactors (SMR)  is a promising technology in industrial decarbonization  especially  where  there  is  a  requirement  of  reliable  and  continuous supply  of  power.    Steps  for  development  of  SMR,  to  fulfil  its  commitment  to  Clean Energy transition are being considered.

* * * * *
Lok Sabha Question No. 663 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-06
Subject: Vacant reserved Posts in Higher Level
Ministry: PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES AND PENSIONS
Asked by: Malook Nagar, Ritesh Pandey

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES AND PENSIONS (DEPARTMENT OF PERSONNEL & TRAINING)

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 663

(TO BE ANSWERED ON 06.12.2023)

## VACANT RESERVED POSTS IN HIGHER LEVEL

## †663. SHRI MALOOK NAGAR: SHRI RITESH PANDEY:

Will the PRIME MINISTER be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of the number of higher-level posts reserved for SC, ST and Other Backward Classes which are lying vacant in all the Central Government departments, departmentwise and group-wise along with the reasons therefor;
- (b) the details of the steps taken by the Government to fill the above vacancies;
- (c) the details of the steps taken by the Government to fill the posts lying vacant in the Central Secretariat Service; and
- (d) the  timeline  adopted  by  the  Government  to  fill  in  the  vacancies  and  ensure  adequate representation in Central Government departments?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES AND PENSIONS AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE PRIME MINISTER'S OFFICE (DR. JITENDRA SINGH)

(a) to (d):  Occurance and filling of vacancies, is a continuous process.  Instructions have been issued  to  all  Ministries/Departments  of  the  Central  Government  to  constitute  an  In-House Committee  for  identification  of  backlog  reserved  vacancies,  to  study  the  root  cause  of  such vacancies, to initiate measures to remove the factors causing such vacancies and to fill them up through Special Recruitment Drives.

Each Ministry/Department of the Central Government is required to designate an officer of the rank of Deputy Secretary and above, as Liaison Officer, to ensure due compliance of the orders and instructions pertaining to reservation. Further, each Ministry/Department is required to set up a Special Reservation Cell under the direct control of the Liaison Officer to assist her/him in discharge of duties. Implementation of these instructions by Ministries/Departments is followed up from time to time and handholding workshops are also organized.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 661 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-06
Subject: Export of Gems and Jewellery
Ministry: COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY
Asked by: Ganesan Selvam, Dhanush M Kumar

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF COMMERCE & INDUSTRY (DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE)

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 661 TO BE ANSWERED ON 06/12/2023

## EXPORT OF GEMS AND JEWELLERY

## 661. SHRI SELVAM G.: SHRI DHANUSH M. KUMAR:

Will the Minister of COMMERCE & INDUSTRY ( वाणिज्य एवं उद्योग मं त्री ) be pleased to state:

- (a) the current status of the export of gems and jewellery in India;
- (b) whether there has been a decline in the export as compared to the previous year and if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether the Government is aware that the gems and jewellery industry contributes significantly to the economy of the country being one of the major employment generating sectors and if so, the details thereof;
- (d) whether the gems and jewellery industry has been facing several challenges in the last few years;
- (e) if so, the action taken by the Government during the last three years to improve the situation of this industry; and
- (f) the  steps  taken  to  promote  and  increase  the  business  of  the  industries  of  Tamil Nadu related to the said industry?

## ANSWER

okf.kT; ,oa m|ksx ea=ky; esa jkT; ea=h ¼Jherh vuqfiz;k iVsy½

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY (SMT. ANUPRIYA PATEL)

- (a)&(b) Export of Gem and Jewellery during 2022-23 was at  US$38.11 billion,  which is  a decline of 2.95% compared to the previous year export of US$39.27 billion.
- (c) G&J exports constituted 8.45 % in the total merchandise exports during 2022-23 and the industry employs around 5 million skilled and semi-skilled workforce.

(d)&(e) Subdued  demand  in  major  export  destinations  such  as  USA,  HongKong, Middle East and China and availability of raw materials at competitive rates were some of the challenges  faced  by  the  industry.  The  Government  has  taken  steps  to  enhance  Duty  draw back  rates  on  Gold  and  Silver  to  make  the  G&J  exports  globally  competitive.  Further,  in order  to  promote  indigenisation  of  technology  in  producing  LGDs,  a  research  project  has been awarded to IIT Madras with an outlay of Rs. 242.96 crores over a period of 5 years.

(f) Financial  support  in  the  form  of  Market  Access  Initiatives(MAI)  are  provided  to Export  Promotion  Councils.  Exporter  members  of  the  sector  are  registered  with  Gem &Jewellery Export Promotion Council(GJEPC). There are 351 export members from Tamil Nadu who are registered with GJEPC who take part in various  export promotion  shows. A Common facility Centre(CFC) in Coimbatore was set up at a cost of Rs 3.64 crores during the  year  2021.    Export  promotion  seminars  were  conducted  in  Trichy,  Madurai  and Coimbatore during the year 2023.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 654 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-06
Subject: Radioactive Wastes
Ministry: ATOMIC ENERGY
Asked by: Mohammad Jawed, T.N. Prathapan, T.N. Prathapan, A. Chellakumar, Dean Kuriakose

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA DEPARTMENT OF ATOMIC ENERGY

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 654

ANSWERED ON 06.12.2023

## Radioactive Wastes

654.  DR. MOHAMMAD JAWED: SHRI T.N. PRATHAPAN: DR. A. CHELLAKUMAR: ADV. DEAN KURIAKOSE:

Will the PRIME MINISTER be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has clearly classified the types of radioactive wastes in the country;
- (b) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor;
- (c) the quantum of radioactive wastes generated by nuclear power plants during the last five years; and
- (d) whether the Government has any concrete strategy to recycle radioactive wastes into useful isotopes?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES & PENSIONS AND PRIME MINISTER'S OFFICE (DR. JITENDRA SINGH):

- (a) Yes Sir,
- (b) The radioactive solid, liquid and gaseous wastes are classified into various categories as  indicated  by  the  safety  guidelines  issued  by  Atomic  Energy  Regulatory  Board (AERB) and BARC Safety Council (BSC). The wastes generated at the nuclear power stations  during  their  operation  are  of  low  and  intermediate  radioactivity  level.  The radioactive  solid,  liquid  and  gaseous  wastes  are  presently  classified  into  various categories based on the surface radiation dose rates for solid waste and radioactivity concentration for liquid and gaseous waste streams. These wastes are appropriately treated,  concentrated  and  subjected  to  volume  reduction.  The  concentrates  are immobilized  in  inert  materials  like  cement,  bitumen,  polymers  etc.  and  stored  in specially constructed structures (near surface disposal facilities) located at the site under monitoring. The treated liquids and gases are diluted and discharged under

- continuous monitoring, ensuring that the discharges are well within the limits set by Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB). The radioactivity level of the stored wastes reduces with time and by the end of the plant life, falls to very low levels.
- (c) In the last five years (2018 to 2022), a total of about 4468 cubic meters of solid waste (low and intermediate level) was generated for storage.
- (d) Yes Sir. High level radioactive waste contains many useful isotopes like Caesium137, Stronium-90, Ruthenium-106 etc., which have many industrial as well as medical applications. More than 90% of radioactivity in high level radioactive waste is mainly due to  Caesium-137,  Stronium-90,  Ruthenium-106,  out  of  which,  Caesium-137  is recovered and used for blood irradiators in non-dispersive sealed source form. Sr-90 is also recovered for milking of Yttrium Y-90 for medical applications. Ruthenium-106 is recovered and converted into Ru-plaque for treatment of eye-cancer. Recovery of all the above three radio-isotopes from nuclear waste has been demonstrated from high level radioactive waste for their societal applications.

* * * * *