Lok Sabha Question No. 81 (STARRED), answered on 2024-07-29
Subject: Unemployment in the Country
Ministry: LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
Asked by: Shri Kalyan Banerjee

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT LOK SABHA

## STARRED QUESTION NO. *81 TO BE ANSWERED ON 29 TH  JULY, 2024

## UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE COUNTRY

## *81.   SHRI KALYAN BANERJEE :

Will  the  Minister  of  LABOUR  AND  EMPLOYMENT  be  pleased  to state:

- (a) whether the Government is aware of the World Bank's Report, which  has  predicted  that  nearly  69  per  cent  of  people  will become unemployed by 2030 in the country;
- (b)
- if so, the details thereof and Government's response thereto;
- (c) the  details  of  current  unemployment  rate  in  urban  and  rural areas of the country in the age group of 18 -25, 25 -40, 40 -55, State -wise;
- (d) the number of new employment generated during the last five years of 2019 -2024, Statewise and Sector -wise; and
- (e) the  details  of  steps  taken  or  proposed  to  be  taken  by  the Government to generate new employment opportunities in the country to bring unemployment rate below 3% against present 8.7% by 2025?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT (DR. MANSUKH MANDAVIYA)

(a) to (e):  A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

***

STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (a) TO (e) OF LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. *81 DUE FOR REPLY ON 29.07.2024 BY SHRI KALYAN BANERJEE REGARDING 'UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE COUNTRY'

(a) to (e): As per Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) report which is conducted by the Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation  (MoSPI)  since  2017 -18,  the  Unemployment  Rate (UR) on usual status for different age groups during last five years has a decreasing trend, which is as follows:

| Unemployment Rate (in %)   | Unemployment Rate (in %)   | Unemployment Rate (in %)   | Unemployment Rate (in %)   | Unemployment Rate (in %)   | Unemployment Rate (in %)   | Unemployment Rate (in %)   | Unemployment Rate (in %)   | Unemployment Rate (in %)   | Unemployment Rate (in %)   |
|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|
| Years                      | 15 - 29 years              | 15 - 29 years              | 15 - 29 years              | 15 - 59 years              | 15 - 59 years              | 15 - 59 years              | 15 years & above           | 15 years & above           | 15 years & above           |
| Years                      | Rural                      | Urban                      | Total                      | Rural                      | Urban                      | Total                      | Rural                      | Urban                      | Total                      |
| 2018 - 19                  | 16                         | 20.2                       | 17.3                       | 5.4                        | 8                          | 6.2                        | 5                          | 7.6                        | 5.8                        |
| 2019 - 20                  | 12.9                       | 19.9                       | 15                         | 4.3                        | 7.4                        | 5.2                        | 3.9                        | 6.9                        | 4.8                        |
| 2020 - 21                  | 10.7                       | 18.5                       | 12.9                       | 3.6                        | 7.1                        | 4.6                        | 3.3                        | 6.7                        | 4.2                        |
| 2021 - 22                  | 10.6                       | 17.2                       | 12.4                       | 3.6                        | 6.6                        | 4.4                        | 3.2                        | 6.3                        | 4.1                        |
| 2022 - 23                  | 8                          | 15.7                       | 10                         | 2.7                        | 5.7                        | 3.4                        | 2.4                        | 5.4                        | 3.2                        |

Source: PLFS, MoSPI

The data in the above table indicates that the unemployment rate in the country has declined across all age groups and sectors and was 3.2% in 2022 -23 for 15 years and above. The State/UT -wise estimated Unemployment Rate (UR) on usual status for various age groups during 2022 -23 is at Annexure I.

As per Annual PLFS Reports, the estimated Worker Population Ratio (WPR), indicating employment, on usual status for persons of age 15 years and above during 2018 -19 to 2022 -23 has an increasing trend, as per table below:

| Worker Population Ratio (in %)   | Worker Population Ratio (in %)   | Worker Population Ratio (in %)   | Worker Population Ratio (in %)   |
|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|
| Years                            | Rural                            | Urban                            | Total                            |
| 2018 - 19                        | 48.9                             | 43.9                             | 47.3                             |
| 2019 - 20                        | 53.3                             | 45.8                             | 50.9                             |
| 2020 - 21                        | 55.5                             | 45.8                             | 52.6                             |
| 2021 - 22                        | 55.6                             | 46.6                             | 52.9                             |
| 2022 - 23                        | 59.4                             | 47.7                             | 56.0                             |

Source: PLFS, MoSPI

wise  estimated  Worker  Population  Ratio  (WPR), indicating employment on usual status for persons of age 15 years

State/UT -& above during 2018 -19 to 2022 -23 is at Annexure II.

Further,  the  KLEMS  (K:  Capital,  L:  Labour,  E:  Energy,  M: Materials and S: Services) database published by Reserve Bank of India's  (RBI)  provides  employment  estimates  at  all  India  level.  As per the latest data of the database, provisional estimates for 2023 -24,  employment  in  the  country  increased  to  64.33  crore  in  year 2023 -24  compared  to  49.26  crore  in  2018 -19.  Total  increase  in employment during 2018 -19 to 2023 -24 is about 15.07 crore. Sector wise  employment  generated  is  released  by  RBI  till  year  2022 -23. New  employment  generated  during  the  years  2018 -19  to  2022 -23 was  2.93  crore,  1.63  crore,  0.79  crore  and  5.02  crore  in  service, construction,  manufacturing  and  agriculture,  hunting,  forestry  and fishing sectors respectively.

Employment generation coupled with improving employability  is  the  priority  of  the  Government.  Accordingly,  the Government  of India has taken various steps for generating employment in the country.

The various Ministries/ Departments of Government of India like Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises, Ministry of Rural Development,  Ministry  of  Housing  &  Urban  Affairs,  Ministry  of Finance, Ministry of Textile, Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology etc. are implementing different employment generation schemes/ programmes like Prime Minister's Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU -GKY), Rural Self Employment and Training Institutes  (RSETIs),    Deen  Dayal  Antodaya  Yojana -National  Urban Livelihoods  Mission  (DAY -NULM),  Pradhan  Mantri  Mudra  Yojana (PMMY),    etc.  including  increase  in  capital  expenditure  to  boost employment creation. The details of various employment generation schemes/programmes  being  implemented  by  the  Government  of India may be seen at https://dge.gov.in/dge/schemes\_programmes.

Further, Government announced in the Budget 2024 -25, the Prime Minister's package of 5 schemes and initiatives to facilitate employment,  skilling  and  other  opportunities  for  4.1  crore  youth over a 5 -year period with a central outlay of Rs. 2 lakh crore.

*****

Annexure referred to in reply of part (a) to (e) of the Lok Sabha Starred Question No. *81 due for reply on 29.07.2024

State/UT -wise estimated Unemployment Rate (UR) during 2022 -23 (in %).

| S. No.                  | States/UTs                       | 2022 - 23     | 2022 - 23     | 2022 - 23        |
|-------------------------|----------------------------------|---------------|---------------|------------------|
| S. No.                  | States/UTs                       | 15 - 29 years | 15 - 59 years | 15 years & above |
| 1 2                     | Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh | 15.7 17.6     | 4.4 5.1       | 4.1 4.8          |
| 3                       | Assam                            | 4.3           | 1.7           | 1.7              |
| 4                       | Bihar                            | 13.9          | 4.3           | 3.9              |
| 5                       | Chhattisgarh                     | 7.1           | 2.7           | 2.4              |
| 6                       | Delhi                            | 6.1           | 2.0           | 1.9              |
| 7                       | Goa                              | 27.4          | 10.0          | 9.7              |
| 8                       | Gujarat                          | 5.1           | 1.8           | 1.7              |
| 9                       | Haryana                          | 17.5          | 6.4           | 6.1              |
| 10                      | Himachal Pradesh                 | 12.5          | 5.0           | 4.3              |
| 11                      | Jharkhand                        | 4.7           | 1.8           | 1.7              |
| 12                      | Karnataka                        | 8.5           | 2.6           | 2.4              |
| 13                      | Kerala                           | 28.7          | 8.4           | 7.0              |
| 14                      | Madhya Pradesh                   | 4.4           | 1.7           | 1.6              |
| 15                      | Maharashtra                      | 10.9          | 3.4           | 3.1              |
| 16                      | Manipur                          | 19.7          | 5.0           |                  |
|                         |                                  |               |               | 4.7              |
| 18                      | Mizoram                          | 11.9          | 2.3           | 2.2              |
| 19                      | Nagaland                         | 18.5          | 4.6           | 4.3              |
| 20                      | Odisha                           | 13.8          | 4.3           | 3.9              |
| 21                      | Punjab                           | 17.5          | 6.7           | 6.1              |
| 22                      | Rajasthan                        | 12.5          | 4.9           | 4.4              |
| 23                      | Sikkim                           | 10.2          | 2.4           | 2.2              |
| 24                      | Tamil Nadu                       | 17.5          | 4.8           | 4.3              |
| 25                      | Telangana                        | 15.1          | 4.6           | 4.4              |
| 26                      | Tripura                          | 6.1           | 1.5           | 1.4              |
| 27                      | Uttarakhand                      | 14.2          | 4.9           | 4.5              |
| 28                      | Uttar Pradesh                    | 7.0           | 2.6           | 2.4              |
| 29                      | West Bengal                      | 7.1           | 2.3           | 2.2              |
| 30                      | Andaman & N. Island              | 24.6          | 10.3          | 9.7              |
| 31                      | Chandigarh                       | 7.2           | 4.1           | 4.0              |
| 32                      | Dadra & Nagar Haveli             | 4.4           | 2.6           | 2.5              |
| 33                      | Daman & Diu                      |               |               | 4.4              |
| 34 35                   | Jammu & Kashmir Ladakh           | 13.7 28.1     | 4.8 6.7       | 6.1              |
| 36                      | Lakshadweep                      | 41.6          | 11.6          | 11.1             |
|                         |                                  | 23.2          | 6.1           | 5.6              |
| 37 Puducherry All India | 37 Puducherry All India          | 10.0          | 3.4           | 3.2              |

Source: PLFS Annual Reports, MoSPI

Annexure referred to in reply of part (a) to (e) of the Lok Sabha Starred Question No. *81 due for reply on 29.07.2024.

State/UT -wise estimated Worker Population Ratio (WPR) on usual status for persons of age 15 years & above during 2018 -19 to 2022 -23 (in %).

| S. No.   | State/UT          | 2018 - 19   |   2019 - 20 | 2020 - 21   | 2021 - 22   | 2022 - 23   |
|----------|-------------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|
| 1        | Andhra Pradesh    | 54.8        |        55.5 | 58.6        | 57.8        | 58.6        |
| 2        | Arunachal Pradesh | 40.9        |        44.3 | 48.5        | 47.1        | 64.9        |
| 3        | Assam             | 43.4        |        43.2 | 50.5        | 52.1        | 54.5        |
| 4        | Bihar             | 36.4        |        39.7 | 39.9        | 39.3        | 47.0        |
| 5        | Chhattisgarh      | 61.2        |        65.4 | 63.6        | 64.9        | 70.1        |
| 6        | Delhi             | 44.5        |        43.3 | 42.7        | 42.3        | 45.8        |
| 7        | Goa               | 45.9        |        47.3 | 43.4        | 41.6        | 45.1        |
| 8        | Gujarat           | 49.7        |        54.7 | 55.0        | 56.8        | 61.5        |
| 9        | Haryana           | 41.9        |        42.9 | 44.0        | 42.5        | 44.9        |
| 10       | Himachal Pradesh  | 63.9        |        70.5 | 69.5        | 71.2        | 73.8        |
| 11       | Jharkhand         | 44.9        |        53.6 | 59.6        | 60.7        | 60.9        |
| 12       | Karnataka         | 49.3        |        53.1 | 55.3        | 53.0        | 55.6        |
| 13       | Kerala            | 44.9        |        45.3 | 46.1        | 48.8        | 50.5        |
| 14       | Madhya Pradesh    | 52.3        |        57.7 | 60.2        | 60.7        | 63.4        |
| 15       | Maharashtra       | 50.6        |        55.7 | 53.9        | 55.9        | 57.6        |
| 16       | Manipur           | 44.3        |        45.5 | 41.0        | 40.6        | 48.7        |
| 17       | Meghalaya         | 61.8        |        58.6 | 62.0        | 60.5        | 65.8        |
| 18       | Mizoram           | 45.6        |        50.7 | 54.5        | 48.9        | 55.2        |
| 19       | Nagaland          | 38.1        |        44.8 | 49.5        | 58.4        | 69.4        |
| 20       | Odisha            | 47.6        |        51.9 | 53.5        | 52.4        | 58.9        |
| 21       | Punjab            | 44.2        |        47.8 | 47.2        | 48.5        | 50.2        |
| 22       | Rajasthan         | 50.0        |        55   | 55.3        | 54.7        | 58.8        |
| 23       | Sikkim            | 61.1        |        68.8 | 71.3        | 69.9        | 74.0        |
| 24       | Tamil Nadu        | 51.4        |        55.3 | 56.9        | 55.8        | 54.7        |
| 25       | Telangana         | 50.6        |        55.7 | 57.8        | 58.1        | 57.7        |
| 26       | Tripura           | 41.9        |        49.6 | 53.8        | 50.6        | 54.3        |
| 27       | Uttarakhand       | 41.4        |        49.5 | 48.7        | 48.7        | 53.5        |
| 28 Uttar | Pradesh           | 40.8        |        45.1 | 48.0        | 50.1        | 53.9        |
| 29       | West Bengal       | 49.7        |        49.7 | 53.0        | 52.7        | 56.1        |
| 30       | A & N Islands     | 49.1        |        49.8 | 58.2        | 59.2        | 60.0        |
| 31       | Chandigarh        | 47.3        |        45.5 | 43.1        | 42.2        | 45.6        |
| 32       | D & N Haveli      | 68.6        |        72.2 |             |             |             |
| 33       | Daman & Diu       | 55.1        |        64.5 | 54.0        | 65.8        | 65.0        |
| 34       | Jammu & Kashmir   | 52.9        |        52.5 | 55.5        | 58.3        | 60.7        |
| 35       | Ladakh            | -           |        62.7 | 69.1        | 58.1        | 57.0        |
| 36       | Lakshadweep       | 29.5        |        48   | 40.1        | 37.2        | 35.5        |
| 37       | Puducherry        | 47.8        |        47.7 | 48.1        | 51.2        | 49.6        |
|          | All India         | 47.3        |        50.9 | 52.6        | 52.9        | 56.0        |

Source: PLFS, MoSPI