Lok Sabha Question No. 2628 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-12-11
Subject: Employment Surveys
Ministry: STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION
Asked by: Shri Raja A

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2628

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 11.12.2024

## EMPLOYMENT SURVEYS

## 2628. SHRI RAJA A:

Will the Minister of STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of latest quarterly and annual employment surveys carried out by National Sample  Survey  Organisation, and comparing the figures with the corresponding previous years;
- (b) the  reasons  for  fall  in  the  employment  rate  especially  women employment in urban and semi-urban areas;
- (c) the details  of  steps  taken  under  various  schemes to  generate more employment opportunities to the educated youths in the country; and
- (d) whether any impact assessment has been made or review done on  the  effectiveness  of  these  schemes,  if  so,  the  details
- thereof?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF STATISTICS  AND  PROGRAMME  IMPLEMENTATION;  MINISTER  OF STATE  (INDEPENDENT  CHARGE)  OF  THE  MINISTRY  OF  PLANNING AND  MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  CULTURE  [RAO

INDERJIT SINGH]

(a): The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI)  has  been  conducting  Periodic  Labour  Force  Survey  (PLFS) since 2017 to estimate various indicators related to employment and unemployment  situation  in the country. On  the  basis of PLFS, Quarterly Bulletins are brought out, corresponding to different quarters  of  the  survey  period,  giving  estimates  of  labour  force indicators, viz., Labour  Force Participation Rate (LFPR),  Worker Population  Ratio  (WPR),  Unemployment  Rate  (UR),  distribution  of workers by broad status in employment and industry of work in the Current  Weekly  Status  (CWS)  for  the  urban  areas.  Further,  Annual Reports are brought out which cover both rural and urban areas and provide  estimates  of  all  important  parameters  of  employment  and unemployment in both usual status (ps+ss) and current weekly status (CWS). From Annual Reports of PLFS conducted during the period July 2017 -  June  2018  to  July  2023-  June  2024,  the  annual  estimates  of LFPR, WPR and UR in usual status (ps+ss) for male and female at all India  level  are  given  in  the  Statement  at  Annexure  I.  Further,  from Quarterly  Bulletins  during  the  period  January-March  2022  to  JulySeptember  2024,  the  quarterly  estimates  of  LFPR,  WPR  and  UR  for urban areas in Current Weekly Status (CWS) separately for male and female is given in the Statement at Annexure II.

- (b): From PLFS conducted during the period July 2017 - June 2018 to July 2023- June 2024, the estimates of Worker Population Ratio (WPR) according to usual status (ps+ss) separately for rural and urban areas for female are given below:

| Worker Population Ratio (WPR) in per cent according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS for female all-India                                                    | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) in per cent according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS for female all-India                                                    | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) in per cent according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS for female all-India                                                    | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) in per cent according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS for female all-India                                                    |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| survey (period)                                                                                                                                               | WPR in per cent according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS for female                                                                                        | WPR in per cent according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS for female                                                                                        | WPR in per cent according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS for female                                                                                        |
| survey (period)                                                                                                                                               | rural                                                                                                                                                         | urban                                                                                                                                                         | rural+urban                                                                                                                                                   |
| PLFS, 2017-18                                                                                                                                                 | 17.5                                                                                                                                                          | 14.2                                                                                                                                                          | 16.5                                                                                                                                                          |
| PLFS, 2018-19                                                                                                                                                 | 19.0                                                                                                                                                          | 14.5                                                                                                                                                          | 17.6                                                                                                                                                          |
| PLFS, 2019-20                                                                                                                                                 | 24.0                                                                                                                                                          | 16.8                                                                                                                                                          | 21.8                                                                                                                                                          |
| PLFS, 2020-21                                                                                                                                                 | 27.1                                                                                                                                                          | 17.0                                                                                                                                                          | 24.2                                                                                                                                                          |
| PLFS, 2021-22                                                                                                                                                 | 26.6                                                                                                                                                          | 17.3                                                                                                                                                          | 24.0                                                                                                                                                          |
| PLFS 2022-23                                                                                                                                                  | 30.0                                                                                                                                                          | 18.7                                                                                                                                                          | 27.0                                                                                                                                                          |
| PLFS, 2023-24                                                                                                                                                 | 34.8                                                                                                                                                          | 20.7                                                                                                                                                          | 30.7                                                                                                                                                          |
| Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 Note:2017-18 refers to the period July 2017 - June 2018 and likewise for 2018-19, 2019-20, 2020-21, 2021-22, 2022-23 and | Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 Note:2017-18 refers to the period July 2017 - June 2018 and likewise for 2018-19, 2019-20, 2020-21, 2021-22, 2022-23 and | Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 Note:2017-18 refers to the period July 2017 - June 2018 and likewise for 2018-19, 2019-20, 2020-21, 2021-22, 2022-23 and | Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 Note:2017-18 refers to the period July 2017 - June 2018 and likewise for 2018-19, 2019-20, 2020-21, 2021-22, 2022-23 and |

This  data  indicates  that  WPR,  i.e.,  employment  wrt  females  has  an increasing trend over the years.

(c) to (d): Employment generation coupled with improving employability  is  the  priority  of  the  Government.  Accordingly,  the Government of India has taken various steps for generating employment in the country, including for educated youth. The various Ministries/  Departments  like  Ministry  of  Micro,  Small  &  Medium Enterprises,  Ministry  of  Rural  Development,  Ministry  of  Housing  & Urban  Affairs,  Ministry  of  Finance,  Ministry  of  Textiles,  Ministry  of Electronics and Information Technology etc. are implementing different  employment  generation  schemes/  programmes  like  Prime Minister's  Employment  Generation  Programme  (PMEGP),  Mahatma Gandhi  National  Rural  Employment  Guarantee  Scheme  (MGNREGS), Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY), Rural Self Employment and Training Institutes (RSETIs), Deendayal Antyodaya  Yojana-National  Urban  Livelihoods  Mission  (DAY-NULM), Pradhan Mantri  Mudra Yojana (PMMY), etc., which, along with increase in capital expenditure, seeks to boost employment creation. Further,  Government  announced  in  the  Budget  2024-25,  the  Prime Minister's package of 5 schemes and initiatives to facilitate employment, skilling and other opportunities for 4.1 crore youth over a 5-year period with a central outlay of Rs. 2 lakh crores.

*****

Annexure-I

Statement referred to in reply of part (a) of the Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No 2628 due for reply on 11.12.2024

| (ps+ss) from PLFS for persons of all age all-India (LFPR) (in                                                                                                       |                                                                  |        |        |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------|
| Survey year                                                                                                                                                         | Labour Force Participation Rate percent) in usual status (ps+ss) |        |        |
|                                                                                                                                                                     | male                                                             | female | person |
| PLFS, 2017-18                                                                                                                                                       | 55.5                                                             | 17.5   | 36.9   |
| PLFS, 2018-19                                                                                                                                                       | 55.6                                                             | 18.6   | 37.5   |
| PLFS, 2019-20                                                                                                                                                       | 56.8                                                             | 22.8   | 40.1   |
| PLFS, 2020-21                                                                                                                                                       | 57.5                                                             | 25.1   | 41.6   |
| PLFS, 2021-22                                                                                                                                                       | 57.3                                                             | 24.8   | 41.3   |
| PLFS 2022-23                                                                                                                                                        | 56.2                                                             | 27.8   | 42.4   |
| PLFS, 2023-24                                                                                                                                                       | 58.2                                                             | 31.7   | 45.1   |
|                                                                                                                                                                     | WPR (in percent among)                                           |        |        |
| Survey year                                                                                                                                                         | male                                                             | female | person |
| PLFS, 2017-18                                                                                                                                                       | 52.1                                                             | 16.5   | 34.7   |
| PLFS, 2018-19                                                                                                                                                       | 52.3                                                             | 17.6   | 35.3   |
| PLFS, 2019-20                                                                                                                                                       | 53.9                                                             | 21.8   | 38.2   |
| PLFS, 2020-21                                                                                                                                                       | 54.9                                                             | 24.2   | 39.8   |
| PLFS, 2021-22                                                                                                                                                       | 54.8                                                             | 24.0   | 39.6   |
| PLFS 2022-23                                                                                                                                                        | 54.4                                                             | 27.0   | 41.1   |
| PLFS, 2023-24                                                                                                                                                       | 56.4                                                             | 30.7   | 43.7   |
|                                                                                                                                                                     | Rate (UR) (in percent) among                                     |        |        |
| Survey year                                                                                                                                                         | Unemployment male                                                | female | person |
| PLFS, 2017-18                                                                                                                                                       | 6.2                                                              | 5.7    | 6.1    |
| PLFS, 2018-19                                                                                                                                                       | 6.0                                                              | 5.2    | 5.8    |
| PLFS, 2019-20                                                                                                                                                       | 5.1                                                              | 4.2    | 4.8    |
| PLFS, 2020-21                                                                                                                                                       | 4.5                                                              | 3.5    | 4.2    |
| PLFS, 2021-22                                                                                                                                                       | 4.4                                                              |        |        |
| PLFS 2022-23                                                                                                                                                        | 3.3                                                              | 2.9    | 3.2    |
| PLFS, 2023-24                                                                                                                                                       |                                                                  |        |        |
| Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 Note:2017-18 refers to the period July 2017 - June 2018 and likewise for 2018-19, 2019-20, 2020-21, 2021-22, 2022-23 and 2023- |                                                                  |        |        |
| 24                                                                                                                                                                  |                                                                  |        |        |
|                                                                                                                                                                     | 3.2                                                              |        |        |
|                                                                                                                                                                     |                                                                  | 3.1    |        |
|                                                                                                                                                                     |                                                                  |        | 3.2    |
|                                                                                                                                                                     |                                                                  | 3.3    |        |
|                                                                                                                                                                     |                                                                  |        | 4.1    |

Annexure-II Statement referred to in reply of part (a) of the Lok Sabha Unstarred

Question No 2628 due for reply on 11.12.2024

Labour Force Indicators (in per cent) according to current weekly status (CWS) for urban areas during the period January- March 2022 to July-September 2024

Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) (in percent) in current weekly status (CWS)

male

57.4

57.2

57.1

57.2

57.3

57.4

57.6

57.8

58.0

58.0

58.2

female

16.2

16.4

17.2

17.7

18.0

18.5

19.0

19.9

20.3

20.0

20.3

person

37.2

37.2

37.6

37.9

38.1

38.4

38.8

39.2

39.5

39.3

39.6

Survey (period)

January - March

2022

April - June 2022

July - September

2022

October -

December 2022

January - March

2023

April - June 2023

July - September

2023

October -

December 2023

January - March

2024

April - June 2024

July - September

2024

| Survey (period)         | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) in percent in current weekly status (CWS)   | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) in percent in current weekly status (CWS)   | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) in percent in current weekly status (CWS)   |
|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|                         | male                                                                      | female                                                                    | person                                                                    |
| January - March 2022    | 53.0                                                                      | 14.5                                                                      | 34.2                                                                      |
| April - June 2022       | 53.1                                                                      | 14.9                                                                      | 34.4                                                                      |
| July - September 2022   | 53.3                                                                      | 15.5                                                                      | 34.9                                                                      |
| October - December 2022 | 53.5                                                                      | 16.0                                                                      | 35.2                                                                      |
| January - March 2023    | 53.8                                                                      | 16.4                                                                      | 35.6                                                                      |
| April - June 2023       | 54.1                                                                      | 16.8                                                                      | 35.9                                                                      |

July - September

2023

October -

December 2023

January - March

2024

April - June 2024

July - September

2024

| Survey (period)                                                                             | Unemployment Rate (UR) in percent in current weekly status (CWS)                            | Unemployment Rate (UR) in percent in current weekly status (CWS)                            | Unemployment Rate (UR) in percent in current weekly status (CWS)                            |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Survey (period)                                                                             | male                                                                                        | female                                                                                      | person                                                                                      |
| January - March 2022                                                                        | 7.8                                                                                         | 10.1                                                                                        | 8.2                                                                                         |
| April - June 2022                                                                           | 7.1                                                                                         | 9.5                                                                                         | 7.6                                                                                         |
| July - September 2022                                                                       | 6.6                                                                                         | 9.5                                                                                         | 7.2                                                                                         |
| October - December 2022                                                                     | 6.5                                                                                         | 9.6                                                                                         | 7.2                                                                                         |
| January - March 2023                                                                        | 6.1                                                                                         | 9.2                                                                                         | 6.8                                                                                         |
| April - June 2023                                                                           | 5.9                                                                                         | 9.2                                                                                         | 6.7                                                                                         |
| July - September 2023                                                                       | 6.0                                                                                         | 8.6                                                                                         | 6.6                                                                                         |
| October - December 2023                                                                     | 5.8                                                                                         | 8.6                                                                                         | 6.5                                                                                         |
| January - March 2024                                                                        | 6.1                                                                                         | 8.4                                                                                         | 6.7                                                                                         |
| April - June 2024                                                                           | 5.8                                                                                         | 8.9                                                                                         | 6.6                                                                                         |
| July - September 2024                                                                       | 5.7                                                                                         | 8.4                                                                                         | 6.4                                                                                         |
| Source: Quarterly Bulletin PLFS, Jan- Mar 2022 to Quarterly Bulletin PLFS, July - Sept 2024 | Source: Quarterly Bulletin PLFS, Jan- Mar 2022 to Quarterly Bulletin PLFS, July - Sept 2024 | Source: Quarterly Bulletin PLFS, Jan- Mar 2022 to Quarterly Bulletin PLFS, July - Sept 2024 | Source: Quarterly Bulletin PLFS, Jan- Mar 2022 to Quarterly Bulletin PLFS, July - Sept 2024 |

54.2

54.5

54.5

54.7

54.8

17.4

18.2

18.6

18.2

18.6

36.2

36.7

36.9

36.7

37.0