Lok Sabha Question No. 5208 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-04-02
Subject: Current Atomic Energy Plants in the Country
Ministry: ATOMIC ENERGY
Asked by: Dr. Ganapathy Rajkumar P

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA DEPARTMENT OF ATOMIC ENERGY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO- 5208

ANSWERED ON 02/04/2025

## CURRENT ATOMIC ENERGY PLANTS IN THE COUNTRY

## 5208.  DR. GANAPATHY RAJKUMAR P

Will the PRIME MINISTER be pleased to state:-

- (a)  the number of Atomic Energy Stations established in the country and the energy produced by each station;
- (b)  whether there are any proposals to establish new Atomic Energy Stations in the country;
- (c)  if so, the details thereof; and
- (d)  the action taken by the Government on safe disposal of waste fuel of Atomic Energy Stations?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES & PENSIONS AND PRIME MINISTER'S OFFICE (DR. JITENDRA SINGH)

- (a) The details of the operational nuclear power plants along with the electricity generated in the current year (FY 2024-25), up to February-2025, is given in Annexure.
- (b) & (c) The detail of the projects under different stages of implementation is given below:
- (d)  India is pursuing a three-stage nuclear power programme, for optimum utilisation of its limited uranium  resources  and  exploit  vast  thorium  resources  for  long  term  energy  security,  by following nearly closed nuclear fuel cycle wherein the spent fuel from reactors is treated as resource  material  and  not  waste.  India  has  developed  expertise  in  backend  fuel  cycle  of Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs).

| State                                       | Location                                    | Project                                     | Capacity (MW)                               |
|---------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|
| Projects Under Construction / Commissioning | Projects Under Construction / Commissioning | Projects Under Construction / Commissioning | Projects Under Construction / Commissioning |
| Rajasthan                                   | Rawatbhata                                  | RAPP-8                                      | 700                                         |
| Tamil Nadu                                  | Kudankulam                                  | KKNPP-3&4                                   | 2 X 1000                                    |
| Tamil Nadu                                  | Kudankulam                                  | KKNPP-5&6                                   | 2 X 1000                                    |
| Tamil Nadu                                  | Kalpakkam                                   | PFBR                                        | 1 X 500                                     |
| Haryana                                     | Gorakhpur                                   | GHAVP-1&2                                   | 2 X 700                                     |
| Projects under pre-project activities       | Projects under pre-project activities       | Projects under pre-project activities       | Projects under pre-project activities       |
| Karnataka                                   | Kaiga                                       | Kaiga-5&6                                   | 2 X 700                                     |
| Haryana                                     | Gorakhpur                                   | GHAVP- 3&4                                  | 2 X 700                                     |
| Madhya                                      | Chutka                                      | Chutka-1&2                                  | 2 X 700                                     |
| Pradesh Rajasthan                           | Mahi Banswara                               | Mahi Banswara-1&2                           | 2 X 700                                     |
| Pradesh Rajasthan                           | Mahi Banswara                               | Mahi Banswara-3&4                           | 2 X 700                                     |

Currently, the spent fuel from PHWRs is reprocessed to extract fissile material for use as fuel for next stage nuclear power plants. However, a small volume of radioactive liquid wastes containing minor actinides and fission products is generated during reprocessing. The high level radioactive liquid  waste,  generated  from  reprocessing  of  spent  fuel,  is  subjected  to  a  process  called vitrification, wherein it is converted to glass. This vitrified solid product is subjected to natural cooling in solid storage surveillance facility. This policy is at par with international practices following the guidelines of International Atomic Energy Agency.

For  efficient  management  of  high-level  radioactive  waste,  Bhabha  Atomic  Research  Centre (BARC)  has  developed  and  demonstrated  partition  technology  for  separation  of  long-lived actinides  to  facilitate  increase  in  specific  loading  of  waste  in  the  vitrified  solid  and  thereby facilitating substantial volume reduction of vitrified waste. Moreover, this partition technology also helps in recovery of useful radio-isotopes such as Caesium-137, Strontium-90, Ruthenium106 from the liquid wastes for various societal applications.

Capacity enhancement for PHWR fuel reprocessing and waste management is under progress by construction  of  large  capacity  Integrated  Nuclear  Recycling  Plant  (INRP)  for  deploying  the partition technology .

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Annexure

| State         | Location   | Unit    |   Capacity (MW) | Generation (MUs)                     |
|---------------|------------|---------|-----------------|--------------------------------------|
| Maharashtra   | Tarapur    | TAPS-1  |             160 | Under project mode for refurbishment |
| Maharashtra   | Tarapur    | TAPS-2  |             160 | Under project mode for refurbishment |
| Maharashtra   | Tarapur    | TAPS-3  |             540 | 4283                                 |
| Maharashtra   | Tarapur    | TAPS-4  |             540 | 3468                                 |
| Rajasthan     | Rawatbhata | RAPS-1  |             100 | Under extended shutdown              |
| Rajasthan     | Rawatbhata | RAPS-2  |             200 | 1194                                 |
| Rajasthan     | Rawatbhata | RAPS-3  |             220 | 856                                  |
| Rajasthan     | Rawatbhata | RAPS-4  |             220 | 1406                                 |
| Rajasthan     | Rawatbhata | RAPS-5  |             220 | 1659                                 |
| Rajasthan     | Rawatbhata | RAPS-6  |             220 | 1823                                 |
| Rajasthan     | Rawatbhata | RAPS-7  |             700 | Connected to the grid on 17.03.2025  |
| Tamil Nadu    | Kalpakkam  | MAPS-1  |             220 | Under project mode for refurbishment |
| Tamil Nadu    | Kalpakkam  | MAPS-2  |             220 | 1518                                 |
| Tamil Nadu    | Kudankulam | KKNPP-1 |            1000 | 7675                                 |
| Tamil Nadu    | Kudankulam | KKNPP-2 |            1000 | 6643                                 |
| Uttar Pradesh | Narora     | NAPS-1  |             220 | 1682                                 |
| Uttar Pradesh | Narora     | NAPS-2  |             220 | 1743                                 |
| Gujarat       | Kakrapar   | KAPS-1  |             220 | 1512                                 |
| Gujarat       | Kakrapar   | KAPS-2  |             220 | 1697                                 |
| Gujarat       | Kakrapar   | KAPS-3  |             700 | 3838                                 |
| Gujarat       | Kakrapar   | KAPS-4  |             700 | 4266                                 |
| Karnataka     | Kaiga      | KGS-1   |             220 | 1672                                 |
| Karnataka     | Kaiga      | KGS-2   |             220 | 1412                                 |
| Karnataka     | Kaiga      | KGS-3   |             220 | 1866                                 |
| Karnataka     | Kaiga      | KGS-4   |             220 | 1750                                 |

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