Lok Sabha Question No. 213 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-11-25
Subject: Air Quality Monitoring Stations
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Shri Satpal Brahamchari

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 213

TO BE ANSWERED ON 25.11.2024

## Air Quality Monitoring Stations

## 213. SHRI SATPAL BRAHAMCHARI:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) Whether the Government has conducted any study to determine the minimum number of air quality monitoring stations required in the State of Haryana;
- (b) If so, the details thereof, district-wise;
- (c) The details of Manual and Real Time Continuous Air Quality Monitoring (CAAQM) Stations established and functional at present in the said State;
- (d) The details of such stations opened during each of the last three years, year wise/district-wise;
- (e) Whether the air quality monitoring system developed by the Government has been installed at the existing stations, if so, the details thereof; and
- (f) Whether technologies like AI, GIS mapping and smart devices are being used to improve air quality monitoring and if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI KIRTI VARDHAN SINGH)

## (a) & (b):

The ambient air quality monitoring stations are being established according to the population based Network Criteria developed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). The criteria are attached as Annexure I .

A  Sub-Group  Constituted  by  Commission  for  Air  Quality  Management  (CAQM)  for Developing a Comprehensive Plan for Air Quality  Monitoring Network in Delhi-NCR has calculated the minimum number of ambient air quality monitoring stations in NCR region of Haryana for the cities/ towns greater than one Lakh. Accordingly, the number of monitoring stations in the districts of NCR region of Haryana is as follow:

| S. No.   | District   | Cities / Towns   | Population (as per Census 2011)   | Required number of stations as per criteria   | Required number of stations as per criteria   |
|----------|------------|------------------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|
|          |            |                  |                                   | CAAQMS                                        | Manual                                        |
| 1        | Jhajjar    | Bahadurgarh      | 170767                            | 1                                             | 3                                             |

| 2     | Bhiwani   | Bhiwani          | 29128   |   0 |   3 |
|-------|-----------|------------------|---------|-----|-----|
| 3     | Rewari    | Dharuhera/Rewari | 143021  |   1 |   3 |
| 4     | Faridabad | Faridabad        | 1414050 |   5 |   3 |
| 5     | Jind      | Jind             | 167592  |   1 |   3 |
| 6     | Karnal    | Karnal           | 302140  |   1 |   3 |
| 7     | Palwal    | Palwal           | 131926  |   1 |   3 |
| 8     | Panipat   | Panipat          | 295970  |   1 |   3 |
| 9     | Rohtak    | Rohtak           | 374292  |   1 |   3 |
| 10    | Sonipat   | Sonipat          | 289333  |   1 |   3 |
| 11    | Gurugram  | Gurugram         | 886519  |   3 |   3 |
| Total | Total     | Total            | Total   |  16 |  33 |

## (c) & (d):

In  total,  there  are  05  Manual  monitoring  stations  under  National  Ambient  Air  Quality Monitoring  Programme  (NAMP)  and  30  Real  time  Continuous  Ambient  Air  Quality Monitoring (CAAQMS) established in Haryana state,  covering 24 cities/towns.  The  list of monitoring stations (established and  operational) in the whole state  of Haryana is  given as Annexure - II .    The  number of stations established remain same over past three years i.e. 2022-23, 2023-24 and 2024-25 (till date).

## (e) & (f):

Technology  like  Smart  Devices  are  being  used  for  qualitative  assessment  of  air  quality  in specific  project  installing  more  number  of  devices  in  small  area  and  monitoring  impact  of measures being taken.  However, such systems are not suitable for national ambient air quality monitoring.  Further, National Air Quality Data is depicted on maps showing Geo-coordinates of the Air Quality Monitoring Stations for better visualization of air quality on a map.

Indigenous  Air  Quality  Monitoring  System  (AQ-AIMS)  is  a  sensor  based  air  quality monitoring system. At present, air quality data generation using any technology other than the specified in National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS), 2009 including Sensor is not used for regulatory purpose as its accuracy, linearity, reliability, and long-term performance are not yet fully established.

To encourage the indigenous products on air quality monitoring instruments, the Government has notified CSIR -National Physical Laboratory (NPL) as the national certification agency for air quality monitoring instruments and equipment.

## Annexure - I

Criteria for Designing Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Network

| Population (Census 2011)   | Minimum number of manual stations                                                              | Minimum number of CAAQM Stations                                      |   Total |
|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|
| 1,00,000 - < 5,00,000      | 1-Background 2-Residential/ Commercial                                                         | 1-Residential                                                         |       4 |
| 5,00,000 - <10,00,000      | 1-Background 2-Residential/Commercial                                                          | 1-Residential 1-Traffic dominant area 1- Commercial                   |       6 |
| 10,00,000 - <50,00,000     | 1-Background 2-Residential/ Commercial                                                         | 2-Residential 1-Traffic dominant area 1- Commercial 1-Industrial area |       8 |
| ≥50,00,000                 | 1-Background in upwind direction 1-Background in down wind direction 2-Residential/ Commercial | 4-Residential 3-Traffic dominant area 3- Commercial 2-Industrial area |      16 |

## Ambient Air Quality Network in Haryana State (Manual and Real-time) as on date 19.11.2024

|         |       |                         | Number of Stations   | Number of Stations   | Number of Stations   | Number of Stations   |
|---------|-------|-------------------------|----------------------|----------------------|----------------------|----------------------|
| State   | Sl.   | City/town/village       | CAAQMS               | CAAQMS               | NAMP                 | NAMP                 |
|         | No.   |                         | Established          | Functional           | Established          | Functional           |
| Haryana | 1.    | Ambala                  | 1                    | 1                    | 0                    | 0                    |
| Haryana | 2.    | Bahadurgarh             | 1                    | 1                    | 3                    | 2                    |
| Haryana | 3.    | Ballabgarh              | 1                    | 1                    | 1                    | 0                    |
| Haryana | 4.    | Bhiwani                 | 1                    | 1                    | 0                    | 0                    |
| Haryana | 5.    | Charkhi Dadri           | 1                    | 1                    | 3                    | 0                    |
| Haryana | 6.    | Dharuhera               | 1                    | 1                    | 2                    | 2                    |
| Haryana | 7.    | Faridabad               | 4                    | 4                    | 2*                   | 0                    |
| Haryana | 8.    | Fatehabad               | 1                    | 1                    | 0                    | 0                    |
| Haryana | 9.    | Gurgaon                 | 4                    | 4                    | 0                    | 0                    |
| Haryana | 10.   | Hissar                  | 1                    | 1                    | 3*                   | 3                    |
| Haryana | 11.   | Jind                    | 1                    | 1                    | 3                    | 3                    |
| Haryana | 12.   | Kaithal                 | 1                    | 1                    | 0                    | 0                    |
| Haryana | 13.   | Karnal                  | 1                    | 1                    | 2                    | 2                    |
| Haryana | 14.   | Kurukshetra             | 1                    | 1                    | 0                    | 0                    |
| Haryana | 15.   | Mandikhera              | 1                    | 1                    | 1                    | 1                    |
| Haryana | 16.   | Manesar                 | 1                    | 1                    | 0                    | 0                    |
| Haryana | 17.   | Narnaul                 | 1                    | 1                    | 3                    | 3                    |
| Haryana | 18.   | Palwal                  | 1                    | 1                    | 2                    | 1                    |
| Haryana | 19.   | Panchukula Urban Estate | 1                    | 1                    | 0                    | 0                    |
| Haryana | 20.   | Panipat                 | 1                    | 1                    | 3                    | 3                    |
| Haryana | 21.   | Rohtak                  | 1                    | 1                    | 1                    | 1                    |
| Haryana | 22.   | Sirsa                   | 1                    | 1                    | 0                    | 0                    |
| Haryana | 23.   | Sonipat                 | 1                    | 1                    | 2                    | 2                    |
| Haryana | 24.   | Yamuna Nagar            | 1                    | 1                    | 2*                   | 2                    |
| Total   | Total | Total                   | 30                   | 30                   | 33                   | 25                   |

## Annexure - II