Lok Sabha Question No. 1382 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-07-31
Subject: EI Nino and La Nina Effect on Agriculture
Ministry: EARTH SCIENCES
Asked by: Dr. Rajesh Mishra

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1382 TO BE ANSWERED ON WEDNESDAY, 31 ST JULY, 2024

## EI NINO AND LA NINA EFFECT ON AGRICULTURE

## 1382.    DR. RAJESH MISHRA:

Will the Minister of EARTH SCIENCES be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  El  Nino  effect  has  influenced  the  rainfall,  weather  conditions  in  our country to a great extent;
- (b) if so, the details of rain pattern and its impact on agriculture during the year 2021-22, 2022-23 and 2023-24;
- (c) whether the Government has formed any expert committee to study the La Nina effect on agriculture; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND EARTH SCIENCES (DR. JITENDRA SINGH)

- (a) Yes. In general,  during  the  El  Nino  event,  Indian summer  monsoon is weaker than normal  and  the  intensity  of  the  event  also  decides  the  amount  of  impact  on  the monsoon.Since  1950,  there  were  16  El  Niño  years,  out  of  which  9  years  have impacted Indian monsoon rainfall, when rainfall was below normal.
- (b) The details of the rain pattern and the agriculture production during the years 202122, 2022-23, and 2023-24 are given in Annexure-1.
- (c) No.
- (d) Does not arise.

Percentage of districts with large excess/excess/normal and deficient/large deficient rainfall for the years 2021-2023:

|   Year |   Large Excess, Excess & Normal |   Deficient & Large Deficient |
|--------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------|
|   2021 |                              77 |                            23 |
|   2022 |                              72 |                            28 |
|   2023 |                              69 |                            31 |

All India: Crop-wise Production

| Crop                     | Production (in Lakh Tonnes)   | Production (in Lakh Tonnes)   | Production (in Lakh Tonnes)   |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Crop                     | 2021-22                       | 2022-23                       | 2023-24                       |
| Rice                     | 1294.71                       | 1357.55                       | 1367.00                       |
| Wheat                    | 1077.42                       | 1105.54                       | 1129.25                       |
| Maize                    | 337.30                        | 380.85                        | 356.73                        |
| Barley                   | 13.71                         | 19.13                         | 16.53                         |
| Jowar                    | 41.51                         | 38.14                         | 47.42                         |
| Bajra                    | 97.81                         | 114.31                        | 106.69                        |
| Ragi                     | 17.01                         | 16.91                         | 15.63                         |
| Small Millets            | 3.67                          | 3.84                          | 4.34                          |
| Shree Anna/Nutri Cereals | 160.00                        | 173.21                        | 174.08                        |
| Nutri/Coarse Cereals     | 511.01                        | 573.19                        | 547.34                        |
| Cereals                  | 2883.14                       | 3036.28                       | 3043.59                       |
| Tur                      | 42.20                         | 33.12                         | 33.85                         |
| Gram                     | 135.44                        | 122.67                        | 115.76                        |
| Urad                     | 27.76                         | 26.31                         | 23.00                         |
| Moong                    | 31.66                         | 36.76                         | 29.16                         |
| Lentil                   | 12.69                         | 15.59                         | 17.54                         |
| Other Pulses             | 23.27                         | 26.14                         | 25.62                         |
| Total Pulses             | 273.02                        | 260.58                        | 244.93                        |
| Total Food Grains        | 3156.16                       | 3296.87                       | 3288.52                       |
| Groundnut                | 101.35                        | 102.97                        | 102.89                        |
| Castorseed               | 16.19                         | 19.80                         | 19.13                         |
| Sesamum                  | 7.89                          | 8.02                          | 8.11                          |
| Nigerseed                | 0.33                          | 0.29                          | 0.27                          |
| Soybean                  | 129.87                        | 149.85                        | 130.54                        |
| Sunflower                | 2.50                          | 3.63                          | 1.69                          |
| Rapeseed &Mustard        | 119.63                        | 126.43                        | 131.61                        |
| Linseed                  | 1.26                          | 1.67                          | 1.19                          |
| Safflower                | 0.61                          | 0.90                          | 0.51                          |
| Total Oil Seeds          | 379.63                        | 413.55                        | 395.93                        |
| Sugarcane                | 4394.25                       | 4905.33                       | 4425.22                       |
| Cotton                   | 311.18                        | 336.60                        | 325.22                        |
| Jute                     | 97.62                         | 89.89                         | 92.59                         |
| Mesta                    | 3.87                          | 4.03                          | 4.54                          |
| Jute &Mesta              | 101.49                        | 93.92                         | 97.13                         |

Data for the year 2023-24 is of 3ʳᵈ Advance Estimates

# Cotton Production in Bales, 1Bale=170 kg

## Jute & Mesta Production in Bales, 1Bale=180 kg

Source: Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare,Krishi Bhawan