Lok Sabha Question No. 428 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-02-05
Subject: Unemployment rate in India
Ministry: LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
Asked by: Sushil Kumar Rinku

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 428 TO BE ANSWERED ON 05 TH  FEBRUARY, 2024

## UNEMPLOYMENT RATE IN INDIA

## 428.   SHRI SUSHIL KUMAR RINKU :

Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) the estimated number of unemployed people in the urban and rural areas of the country, including Punjab;
- (b) the  remedial  steps  taken  by  the  Government  to  provide  employment  to them;
- (c) the  details  of  the  areas  of  the  country  which  has  a  high  rate  of unemployment; and
- (d) the details and number of young men and women who have been provided employment through various schemes during the last three years, Statewise?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT (SHRI RAMESWAR TELI)

(a)  to  (d):    The  data  on  Employment  and  Unemployment  is  collected  through Periodic  Labour  Force  Survey  (PLFS)  which  is  conducted  by  the  Ministry  of Statistics  &  Programme  Implementation  (MoSPI)  since  2017-18.  The  survey period is July to June every year.

As per the latest available Annual PLFS Reports, the estimated Unemployment Rate (UR) on usual status for persons of age 15 years and above in both rural and urban areas during the last three years are as follows:

| Unemployment Rate (in %)   | Unemployment Rate (in %)   | Unemployment Rate (in %)   | Unemployment Rate (in %)   |
|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|
| Years                      | Rural                      | Urban                      | All India                  |
| 2020-21                    | 3.3                        | 6.7                        | 4.2                        |
| 2021-22                    | 3.2                        | 6.3                        | 4.1                        |
| 2022-23                    | 2.4                        | 5.4                        | 3.2                        |

Source: PLFS, MoSPI

The  data  indicates  that  the  unemployment  rate  has  a  declining  trend  in  both rural and urban areas.

The estimated Unemployment Rate (UR) on usual status for persons of age  15  years  and  above  in  Punjab  was  6.2%,  6.4%  and  6.1%  during  2020-21, 2021-22 and 2022-23, respectively.

The State/UT-wise estimated Unemployment Rate (UR) on usual status for persons of age 15 years and above during 2020-21 to 2022-23 is at Annexure-I.

The  estimated  Worker  Population  Ratio  (WPR)  on  usual  status  for persons of age 15 years and above during the last three years are as follows:

Source: PLFS, MoSPI

| Worker Population Ratio (in %)   | Worker Population Ratio (in %)   | Worker Population Ratio (in %)   | Worker Population Ratio (in %)   |
|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|
| Years                            | Men                              | Women                            | Total                            |
| 2020-21                          | 73.5                             | 31.4                             | 52.6                             |
| 2021-22                          | 73.8                             | 31.7                             | 52.9                             |
| 2022-23                          | 76.0                             | 35.9                             | 56.0                             |

The data indicates that the worker population ratio, indicating employment, has an increasing trend over the years.

The  State/UT-wise  estimated  Worker  Population  Ratio  (WPR)  on  usual status for persons of age 15 years and above during 2020-21 to 2022-23 is at Annexure-II.

Employment  generation  coupled  with  improving  employability  is  the priority  of  the  Government.  Accordingly,  the  Government  of  India  has  taken various  steps  for  generating  employment  in  the  country,  both  rural  and  urban areas.

The Government of India has announced Aatmanirbhar Bharat package to provide stimulus to business and to mitigate the adverse impact of Covid 19. Under this package, the Government has provided fiscal stimulus of more than Rupees Twenty Seven lakh crore. This package comprises of various long term schemes/ programmes/ policies for making the country self-reliant and to create employment opportunities.

The  Aatmanirbhar  Bharat  Rojgar  Yojana  (ABRY)  was  launched  with effect  from  1st  October,  2020  to  incentivize  employers  for  creation  of  new employment and restoration of loss of employment during Covid-19 pandemic. The  terminal  date  for  registration  of  beneficiaries  was  31.03.2022.  Since inception of the scheme, till 19.01.2024, benefits have been provided to 60.49 lakhs beneficiaries under the scheme.

The Government is implementing Prime Minister Street Vendor's AtmaNirbharNidhi  (PM  SVANidhi  Scheme)  since  June  01,  2020  to  facilitate collateral free working capital loan to street vendors to restart their businesses, which were adversely impacted during the Covid-19 pandemic. As on 31.01.2024, 83.67 lakh loans have been sanctioned under the scheme.

Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) was launched by the Government for facilitating self-employment. Under PMMY, collateral free loans upto Rs. 10 lakh,  are  extended  to  micro/small  business  enterprises  and  to  individuals  to enable them to setup or expand their business activities. Upto 26.01.2024, 46.16

crore loans were sanctioned under the scheme. The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme is being implemented by the  Government with an outlay of Rs. 1.97 lakh crore, for a period of 5 years starting from 2021-22 which have potential for creating 60 lakh new jobs. PM  GatiShakti  is  a  transformative  approach  for  economic  growth  and sustainable  development.  The  approach  is  driven  by  seven  engines,  namely, Roads,  Railways,  Airports,  Ports,  Mass  Transport,  Waterways  and  Logistics Infrastructure.  This  approach  is  powered  by  Clean  Energy  and  Sabka  Prayas leading to huge job and entrepreneurial opportunities for all. The  Government  of  India  is  encouraging  various  projects  involving substantial investment and public expenditure on schemes like Prime Minister's Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) and Deen Dayal Antodaya YojanaNational Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM) etc. for employment generation. The  Government  is  implementing  a  programme  for  skilling  of  rural  youth  for entrepreneurship  development  through  Rural  Self  Employment  and  Training Institutes (RSETIs). Further, the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) is implementing the National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS), Pradhan  Mantri  Kaushal  Vikas  Yojana  (PMKVY),  Jan  Shikshan  Sansthan  (JSS) Scheme  and  Craftsman  Training  Scheme  (CTS)  through  Industrial  Training Institutes (ITIs) to enhance the employability of youth. Besides these initiatives, various flagship programmes of the Government such as Make in India, Start-up India, Stand-up India, Digital India, Housing for All etc. are also oriented towards generating employment opportunities. All these initiatives are expected to collectively generate employment in the medium to long term through multiplier-effects.

*****

Annexure-I

Annexure  referred  to  in  reply  of  part  (a)  to  (d)  of  the  Lok  Sabha  Unstarred Question No. 428 due for reply on 05.02.2023

State/UT-wise estimated Unemployment Rate (UR) on usual status for persons of age 15 years and above during 2020-21 to 2022-23

(in %)

| S. No.    | State/UT                     |   2020-21 |   2021-22 |   2022-23 |
|-----------|------------------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
| 1         | Andhra Pradesh               |       4.1 |       4.2 |       4.1 |
| 2         | Arunachal Pradesh            |       5.7 |       7.7 |       4.8 |
| 3         | Assam                        |       4.1 |       3.9 |       1.7 |
| 4         | Bihar                        |       4.6 |       5.9 |       3.9 |
| 5         | Chhattisgarh                 |       2.5 |       2.4 |       2.4 |
| 6         | Delhi                        |       6.3 |       5.3 |       1.9 |
| 7         | Goa                          |      10.5 |      12   |       9.7 |
| 8         | Gujarat                      |       2.2 |       2   |       1.7 |
| 9         | Haryana                      |       6.3 |       9   |       6.1 |
| 10        | Himachal Pradesh             |       3.3 |       4   |       4.3 |
| 11        | Jharkhand                    |       3.1 |       2   |       1.7 |
| 12        | Karnataka                    |       2.7 |       3.2 |       2.4 |
| 13        | Kerala                       |      10.1 |       9.6 |       7   |
| 14 Madhya | Pradesh                      |       1.9 |       2.1 |       1.6 |
| 15        | Maharashtra                  |       3.7 |       3.5 |       3.1 |
| 16        | Manipur                      |       5.6 |       9   |       4.7 |
| 17        | Meghalaya                    |       1.7 |       2.6 |       6   |
| 18        | Mizoram                      |       3.5 |       5.4 |       2.2 |
| 19        | Nagaland                     |      19.2 |       9.1 |       4.3 |
| 20        | Odisha                       |       5.3 |       6   |       3.9 |
| 21        | Punjab                       |       6.2 |       6.4 |       6.1 |
| 22        | Rajasthan                    |       4.7 |       4.7 |       4.4 |
| 23        | Sikkim                       |       1.1 |       1.6 |       2.2 |
| 24        | Tamil Nadu                   |       5.2 |       4.8 |       4.3 |
| 25        | Telangana                    |       4.9 |       4.2 |       4.4 |
| 26        | Tripura                      |       3.2 |       3   |       1.4 |
| 27        | Uttarakhand                  |       6.9 |       7.8 |       4.5 |
| 28 Uttar  | Pradesh                      |       4.2 |       2.9 |       2.4 |
| 29        | West Bengal                  |       3.5 |       3.4 |       2.2 |
| 30        | A & N Islands                |       9.1 |       7.8 |       9.7 |
| 31        | Chandigarh                   |       7.1 |       6.3 |       4   |
| 32        | D & N Haveli and Daman & Diu |       4.2 |       5.2 |       2.5 |
| 33        | Jammu & Kashmir              |       5.9 |       5.2 |       4.4 |
| 34        | Ladakh                       |       2.9 |       3.3 |       6.1 |
| 35        | Lakshadweep                  |      13.4 |      17.2 |      11.1 |
| 36        | Puducherry                   |       6.7 |       5.8 |       5.6 |
| All       | India                        |       4.2 |       4.1 |       3.2 |

Source: PLFS, MoSPI

Annexure referred to in reply of part (a) to (d) of the Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 428 due for reply on 05.02.2023

State/UT-wise estimated Worker Population Ratio (WPR) on usual status for persons of age 15 years and above during 2020-21 to 2022-23

(in %)

| S. No.    | States/UTs                   | 2020-21   | 2020-21   | 2020-21   | 2021-22   | 2021-22   | 2021-22   | 2022-23   | 2022-23   | 2022-23   |
|-----------|------------------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
| S. No.    | States/UTs                   | Male      | Female    | Persons   | Male      | Female    | Persons   | Male      | Female    | Persons   |
| 1         | Andhra Pradesh               | 73.8      | 43.9      | 58.6      | 74.6      | 41.8      | 57.8      | 73.9      | 44.0      | 58.6      |
| 2         | Arunachal Pradesh            | 69.7      | 25.1      | 48.5      | 64.7      | 28.2      | 47.1      | 73.3      | 56.0      | 64.9      |
| 3         | Assam                        | 76.6      | 22.9      | 50.5      | 76.8      | 26.8      | 52.1      | 88.9      | 19.6      | 54.5      |
| 4         | Bihar                        | 67.5      | 10.4      | 39.9      | 67.7      | 9.9       | 39.3      | 71.2      | 22.0      | 47.0      |
| 5         | Chhattisgarh                 | 73.7      | 53.2      | 63.6      | 79.6      | 50.6      | 64.9      | 81.2      | 58.6      | 70.1      |
| 6         | Delhi                        | 67.8      | 12.9      | 42.7      | 68.9      | 11.5      | 42.3      | 73.1      | 14.5      | 45.8      |
| 7         | Goa                          | 62.4      | 23.5      | 43.4      | 66.3      | 16.6      | 41.6      | 66.8      | 24.0      | 45.1      |
| 8         | Gujarat                      | 76.6      | 32.4      | 55.0      | 78.1      | 33.9      | 56.8      | 80.4      | 41.7      | 61.5      |
| 9         | Haryana                      | 67.7      | 18.1      | 44.0      | 65.0      | 17.4      | 42.5      | 68.2      | 19.7      | 44.9      |
| 10        | Himachal Pradesh             | 78.4      | 61.1      | 69.5      | 78.9      | 63.8      | 71.2      | 80.3      | 67.6      | 73.8      |
| 11        | Jharkhand                    | 75.4      | 43.6      | 59.6      | 77.2      | 44.8      | 60.7      | 76.8      | 45.5      | 60.9      |
| 12        | Karnataka                    | 76.4      | 34.9      | 55.3      | 74.6      | 31.0      | 53.0      | 73.6      | 37.2      | 55.6      |
| 13        | Kerala                       | 66.8      | 28.2      | 46.1      | 68.0      | 32.0      | 48.8      | 70.2      | 33.5      | 50.5      |
| 14        | Madhya Pradesh               | 79.4      | 40.1      | 60.2      | 79.7      | 40.6      | 60.7      | 81.9      | 43.8      | 63.4      |
| 15        | Maharashtra                  | 72.3      | 35.0      | 53.9      | 73.6      | 37.3      | 55.9      | 74.7      | 39.8      | 57.6      |
| 16        | Manipur                      | 61.7      | 20.1      | 41.0      | 60.6      | 20.3      | 40.6      | 67.2      | 29.9      | 48.7      |
| 17        | Meghalaya                    | 74.3      | 50.5      | 62.0      | 73.0      | 48.4      | 60.5      | 76.3      | 56.0      | 65.8      |
| 18        | Mizoram                      | 67.9      | 40.2      | 54.5      | 64.6      | 32.0      | 48.9      | 66.0      | 43.8      | 55.2      |
| 19        | Nagaland                     | 59.9      | 38.5      | 49.5      | 69.3      | 46.4      | 58.4      | 75.4      | 62.9      | 69.4      |
| 20        | Odisha                       | 75.1      | 32.2      | 53.5      | 73.6      | 31.4      | 52.4      | 74.4      | 43.6      | 58.9      |
| 21        | Punjab                       | 73.0      | 21.1      | 47.2      | 72.8      | 21.9      | 48.5      | 74.2      | 25.2      | 50.2      |
| 22        | Rajasthan                    | 71.2      | 39.0      | 55.3      | 70.2      | 39.0      | 54.7      | 70.8      | 46.5      | 58.8      |
| 23        | Sikkim                       | 81.5      | 60.6      | 71.3      | 82.6      | 56.5      | 69.9      | 80.9      | 66.4      | 74.0      |
| 24        | Tamil Nadu                   | 74.3      | 40.8      | 56.9      | 73.5      | 39.1      | 55.8      | 71.4      | 38.6      | 54.7      |
| 25        | Telangana                    | 72.1      | 43.4      | 57.8      | 73.6      | 42.6      | 58.1      | 72.0      | 43.1      | 57.7      |
| 26        | Tripura                      | 77.9      | 29.9      | 53.8      | 74.9      | 25.5      | 50.6      | 73.7      | 34.8      | 54.3      |
| 27        | Uttarakhand                  | 66.9      | 29.9      | 48.7      | 65.1      | 31.6      | 48.7      | 70.1      | 37.0      | 53.5      |
| 28        | Uttar Pradesh                | 73.8      | 21.9      | 48.0      | 74.5      | 25.8      | 50.1      | 77.2      | 30.6      | 53.9      |
| 29        | West Bengal                  | 78.4      | 28.1      | 53.0      | 77.5      | 27.4      | 52.7      | 79.0      | 33.1      | 56.1      |
| 30        | Andaman & N. Island          | 77.8      | 37.4      | 58.2      | 78.5      | 39.2      | 59.2      | 79.1      | 39.8      | 60.0      |
| 31        | Chandigarh                   | 63.0      | 23.2      | 43.1      | 66.3      | 15.5      | 42.2      | 69.2      | 20.8      | 45.6      |
| 32        | D & N Haveli and Daman & Diu | 73.0      | 30.0      | 54.0      | 85.0      | 39.4      | 65.8      | 88.0      | 35.4      | 65.0      |
| 33        | Jammu & Kashmir              | 70.5      | 39.9      | 55.5      | 74.5      | 41.1      | 58.3      | 74.2      | 46.9      | 60.7      |
| 34        | Ladakh                       | 71.4      | 66.3      | 69.1      | 70.3      | 45.8      | 58.1      | 58.3      | 55.6      | 57.0      |
| 35        | Lakshadweep                  | 68.9      | 12.5      | 40.1      | 63.7      | 10.9      | 37.2      | 62.3      | 14.8      | 35.5      |
| 36        | Puducherry                   | 72.3      | 26.9      | 48.1      | 69.2      | 34.4      | 51.2      | 70.7      | 31.6      | 49.6      |
| All India | All India                    | 73.5      | 31.4      | 52.6      | 73.8      | 31.7      | 52.9      | 76.0      | 35.9      | 56.0      |

Source: PLFS, MoSPI