opensansad/lok-sabha-qa huggingface dataset:
Lok Sabha Question No. 214 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-04
Subject: Online Frauds in Banking Sector
Ministry: FINANCE
Asked by: Vishnu Dutt Sharma

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT OF FINACIAL SERVICES

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO-214

ANSWERED ON MONDAY, DECEMBER 4, 2023/AGRAHAYANA 13, 1945 (SAKA)

## ONLINE FRAUDS IN BANKING SECTOR

## 214. SHRI VISHNU DATT SHARMA

Will the Minister of FINANCE be pleased to state:-

(a) whether  Reserve  Bank  of  India  is  working  on  setting  up  a  fraud  registry  to  blacklist perpetrators of online frauds and prevent use of the banking system to stash digitally defrauded amounts;

- (b) if so, the time by when the said registry will become operational;
- (c) whether efforts are being made for earliest deployment of this registry;
- (d) if so, the details thereof; and
- (e) if not, the reasons thereon?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF FINANCE

## (DR. BHAGWAT KARAD)

(a)  to  (e):  As  per  inputs  from  Reserve  Bank  of  India  (RBI),  Central  Payments  Fraud Information Registry (CPFIR), a web-based payment-related fraud reporting solution has been put  in  place  from  March  23,  2020  by  RBI.    All  payment-related  frauds,  undertaken  using various  payment instruments  (bank account, credit card, debit card,  paper-based instruments and PPIs) and processed through authorised payment systems, either reported by the customer to  the  issuer  banks  /  Prepaid  Payment  Instrument  (PPI)  issuers  (bank  or  non-banks)  or detected by the bank / non-bank entities themselves, are required to be reported to the CPFIR.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 212 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-04
Subject: Significant Increase in Universities
Ministry: Education
Asked by: S. Gnanathiraviam

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO-212 ANSWERED ON-04/12/2023

## SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN UNIVERSITIES

212. SHRI GNANATHIRAVIAM S.:

Will the Minister of EDUCATION be pleased to state:

(a) whether it is a fact that the All India Survey of Higher Education (AISHE) has revealed that there has been a significant increase in the number of Universities and Colleges during the last five years;

(b) if so, the details thereof;

(c) whether it is also a fact that the biggest share in the increase is that of State, private and public Universities; and

(d) whether it is a fact that among colleges too, majority of them are private?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

(DR. SUBHAS SARKAR)

- (a)  &  (b)  As  per  All  India  Survey  on  Higher  Education  (AISHE),  the  number  of  Higher Education  Institutions  (i.e.Universities,  Colleges  and  Standalone  institutions)  registered  in AISHE have increased to 58,643 in 2021-22 (Provisional), from 49,964 in 2017-18, which is an increase of 17.4%.
- (c) The number of State Public Universities registered under AISHE has increased to 445 in 2021-22  (Provisional)  from  370  in  2017-18. Likewise, the number  of  State Private Universities  have  increased  to  392  in  2021-22  (Provisional)  from  263  in  2017-18.    The number  of  Universities/  University  level  institutions  under  Central  Government  have  also increased from 180 in 2017-18 to 240 in 2021-22.  Also, of the total University/University level institutions registered under AISHE, around 59% belong to Government.
- (d)  As  per  the  responses  of  Colleges  received  in  AISHE  2021-22,  21.5%  are  Government Colleges, 13.2% are Private (Government aided) and 65.3% are Private (unaided).

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 210 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-04
Subject: One Class One TV Channel
Ministry: Education
Asked by: Dr. T. Sumathy (a) Thamizhachi Thangapandian

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION AND LITERACY

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 210

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 4 th  December, 2023

## One Class One TV Channel

## 210. DR. T. SUMATHY (a) THAMIZHACHI THANGAPANDIAN:

Will the Minister of EDUCATION be pleased to state:

(a) whether the Government has proposed to enable all States to provide supplementary education in  regional  languages  for  classes  1-12,  'One  Class  -  One  TV  Channel'  programme  of  PM eVIDYA, if so, the details thereof;

(b) whether it is expanded to 200 TV channels and if so, the current status thereof; and

(c) whether the Government has proposed to establish 750 virtual labs and 75 skilling e-labs by 2023, if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION (SMT. ANNPURNA DEVI)

(a) & (b) Yes. As per the Union Budget announcement for Financial Year 2022-23, the 12 DTH Channels have been expanded to 200 PM e-Vidya DTH TV Channels to enable all States to provide supplementary education in various Indian languages for classes 1-12.  Individual MoU have been signed between NCERT and States/UT for efficient coordination and management of these  DTH  channels.  The  test-run  of  these  200  TV  Channels  with  the  support  of  States/UTs /Autonomous Bodies have begun w.e.f. July 29, 2023, with the primary focus to ensure creation of curriculum-based quality content for DTH channels in accordance with the NEP 2020.

(c) Yes.  As  per  the  Union  Budget  announcement  for  Financial  Year  2022-23,  to  promote crucial critical thinking skill and to give space for creativity, it has been proposed to establish 750 virtual  labs  and  75  Skilling  e-labs  by  2023.  The  Virtual  Labs  are  proposed  for  Science  and Mathematics  subjects  for  Classes  6 th -  12th,  and  Skilling  e-labs  would  provide  for  simulated learning environment. A vertical on Virtual Labs has been created on DIKSHA platform. Training on  Virtual  labs  has  been  conducted  through  PM  eVidya  DTH  TV  channels  for  teachers  and teacher  educators  across  the  country.  NCERT  has  initiated  the  development  of  Skilling  eLabs through  Pandit  Sunderlal  Sharma  Central  Institute  of  Vocational  Education  (PSSCIVE),  a constituent body under NCERT and an apex research and development organization in the field of vocational education.

**********
Lok Sabha Question No. 209 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-04
Subject: Blockchain Technology
Ministry: FINANCE
Asked by: Ramya  Haridas

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCIAL SERVICES

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO-209

ANSWERED ON - MONDAY, DECEMBER 4, 2023/ AGRAHAYANA 13, 1945 (SAKA)

## BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY

## 209. MS. RAMYA HARIDAS:

Will the Minister of Finance be pleased to state:

- (a) whether banks are creating prototypes for using blockchain technology, independent of each other;
- (b) if so, whether the inter-operability of such blockchain based applications between different banks may pose a problem in the future;
- (c) whether the Government intends to set up guidelines or prescribe a model common blockchain technology platform for the banks to ensure standardization and interoperability in the use of blockchain technology in the banking sector; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF FINANCE

## (DR. BHAGWAT KARAD)

(a) and (b): Indian Banks' Association (IBA) has informed that at present, only a few banks are using blockchain technology at a small scale. As such, the issue pertaining to interoperability of such a platform between banks is not present.

Further,  Indian  Banks'  Digital  Infrastructure  Company  (IBDIC)  Private  Limited formerly Indian Banks' Blockchain Infrastructure Company (IBBIC) Private Limited, incorporated  with  an  objective  of  providing  a  platform  for  exploring,  building,  and implementing  digital  solutions  for  the  Indian  financial  services  sector,  is  currently working on scoping the implementation of domestic Letter of Credit (LC) issuance on blockchain as one of its use cases. The consortium consists of 18 banks including leading public and private sector banks of India.

Reserve  Bank  Innovation  Hub  (RBIH)  conceptualized  the  idea  of  an  interoperable Distributed  Ledger  Technology  (DLT)  platform  for  the  financial  ecosystem  and conducted a successful proof of concept (POC) exercise in June 2022 with banks, DLT fabric partners, DLT application layer partners, and fintech startups.

(c)  and  (d):  There  is  no  proposal  to  set  up  guidelines  or  prescribe a  model  common blockchain technology platform for the banks.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 208 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-04
Subject: Status of Heritage Village of Kollengode
Ministry: CULTURE
Asked by: Vellalath Kochukrishnan Nair. Sreekandan

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CULTURE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 208

ANSWERED ON 04.12.2023

## STATUS OF HERITAGE VILLAGE OF KOLLENGODE

## 208.   SHRI V.K. SREEKANDAN:

Will the Minister of CULTURE be pleased to state:-

- (a) whether  it  is  a  fact  that  many  rock  engravings,  stone  inscriptions,  megalithic  monuments, terracotta  and  stone  sculptures,  potholes,  and  other  ruins  have  been  discovered  in  the Kollengode region in Kerala;
- (b) whether  it  is  a  fact  that  there  has  been  a  demand  to  provide  heritage  village  status  for Kollengode;
- (c) whether it is a fact that efforts should be made to preserve those monuments and ruins through a special action plan;
- (d) whether the Government has received any request in this regard from any corner; and
- (e) if so, the steps taken by the Government in this regard?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF CULTURE, TOURISM AND DEVELOPMENT OF NORTH EASTERN REGION

## (SHRI G. KISHAN REDDY)

- (a) An ancient temple named Kachanamkurichi Vishnu Temple with sculptures and painting was reported  during  the  village  to  village  survey  conducted  in  Kollengode,  District  Palakkad, Kerala.

Different  types  of  Megalithic  burial  goods,  old  inscription  in  Vattezhuthu  script,  remains  of temple  structures,  etc.  were  reported  from  the  region  in  exploration  and  salvage  operations conducted by Kerala Archaeology Department  at Kovilakam Parambu, Kollengode, District Palakkad, Kerala in the year 1999-2000.

- (b) There is no such proposal under consideration.
- (c) Representative from the village have requested to the Kerala Archaeology Department for the
- & protection  of  archaeological  remains  and  setting  up  of  a  heritage  museum  at  Nenmeni
- (e) Kovilakom Parambu, Kollengode, Palakakad, Kerala.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 207 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-04
Subject: Projects Sanctioned under Eco and Wildlife Circuits
Ministry: TOURISM
Asked by: Nishikant  Dubey

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF TOURISM

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.207 ANSWERED ON 04.12.2023

## PROJECTS SANCTIONED UNDER ECO AND WILDLIFE CIRCUITS

## 207. DR. NISHIKANT DUBEY:

Will the Minister of TOURISM be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of projects sanctioned under the Eco and Wildlife Circuits of Swadesh Darshan Scheme in the State of Jharkhand;
- (b) the  details  of  funds  sanctioned,  allocated  and  utilised  under the said scheme, project-wise;
- (c) whether  there  is  any  delay  in  the  projects/utilisation  of  fund under the said scheme; and
- (d)
- if so, the reasons therefor, project-wise?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF TOURISM

(SHRI G. KISHAN REDDY)

(a) to (d): Ministry of Tourism (MoT) sanctioned a project 'Development of Dalma- Betla National Park- Mirchaiya- Netarhat' in Jharkhand  under  Eco  Circuit  theme  of  Swadesh  Darshan  Scheme (SDS) in the year 2018-19, with the revised sanctioned cost of Rs. 30.44  Crore.  The  revised  completion  timeline  of  the  project  is December, 2023. In respect of this project, the MoT has released/authorized for withdrawal an amount of Rs.28.83 Crore, out of  which  Rs.27.35  Crore  has  been  reported  to  be  utilized  by  the State Implementing Agency (SIA). The Ministry has not sanctioned any project under wildlife thematic circuit in Jharkhand under SDS.

********
Lok Sabha Question No. 203 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-04
Subject: Set up of New Age Museums
Ministry: CULTURE
Asked by: Rajeshbhai Naranbhai Chudasama

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CULTURE

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 203 TO BE ANSWERED ON 04.12.2023

## 'SET UP OF NEW AGE MUSEUMS'

## 203. SHRI RAJESHBHAI CHUDASAMA:

Will the Minister of CULTURE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the people of present generation are showing more interest in visiting modern museums such as digital, technological museums etc.;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether  the  Government  is  considering  establishing  new  age  museums  at  various locations in the country;
- (d) if so, the details of the places selected and the details of themes; and
- (e) if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF CULTURE, TOURISM AND DEVELOPMENT OF NORTH EASTERN REGION

## (G. KISHAN REDDY)

- (a) & (b) Yes, the present generation is inclined towards use of immersive technologies in Museums.
- (c) to (e) Ministry of Culture operates the Museum Grant Scheme (MGS) which is for the development of new museums/up gradation of existing museums. While approving the projects, the Expert Committee encourages the applicants to use technology in setting up of new museums and upgradation of existing one.

Ministry  of  Culture  has  set  up  a  web  based  virtual  museum  at  Salar  Jung  Museum, Hyderabad, to tell the story of the liberation movement of Hyderabad Samsthan & other immersive experiences in National Museum.

****
Lok Sabha Question No. 201 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-04
Subject: Life Insurance Penetration and Density
Ministry: FINANCE
Asked by: Margani Bharat

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCIAL SERVICES

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 201

ANSWERED ON MONDAY, DECEMBER 4, 2023/AGRAHAYANA 13, 1945 (SAKA)

## LIFE INSURANCE PENETRATION AND DENSITY

## 201. SHRI MARGANI BHARAT:

Will the Minister of FINANCE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government is aware that life insurance penetration and insurance density in India is among the lowest in the world;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether the Government has taken or plans to take any measures to address these issues; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF FINANCE (DR. BHAGWAT KARAD)

(a) and (b) :  Since opening up of the insurance sector in India in the year 2000 the insurance penetration (the percentage of insurance premiums to GDP) of life insurance sector has gone up from 2.15% in FY 2001-02 to 3.20% in FY 2021-22 while the global average for life insurance penetration  for  the  year  2021-22  is  2.8%.  Life  insurance  density  (the  ratio  of  premiums  to population) has gone up from $ 9.1 in FY 2001- 02 to $ 69.0 in FY 2021-22.

Further, as per information provided by IRDAI, the life insurance sector in India has grown from Rs 0.56 lakh crores in the FY 2001-02 to Rs 6.93 lakh crores in FY 2021-2022.

(c) and (d): For creating universal social security system for all Indians, especially the poor and the under-privileged Government of India launched two Social Security Schemes in the Insurance sector; namely the Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) and the Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) on pan India basis on the 9th of May, 2015.

PMJJBY offers risk cover of Rs. 2 lakhs in case of death of the insured, due to any reason, at an annual premium of Rs. 436/- to people in the age group of 18 to 50 years having a bank / Post office account. 18.33 crores subscribers have been enrolled under the scheme up to 25.10.2023.

PMSBY offers risk cover of Rs 2 lakhs in case of accidental death or total permanent disability and Rs. 1 lakh for partial permanent disability; due to accident at a premium of Rs. 20 per annum to  people  in  the  age  group  18  to  70  years  with  a  bank  /  Post  office  account.  40.63  crore subscribers have been enrolled under the scheme up to 25.10.2023.

Government  runs  various  awareness/enrolment  campaigns  up  to  Gram  Panchayat  level  for creating awareness about the micro insurance schemes.  These campaigns are conducted with active involvement of the banks and the local administration.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 197 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-04
Subject: Gender Ratio in IITs
Ministry: Education
Asked by: Gaddam Ranjith Reddy

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 197

## ANSWERED ON-04/12/2023

## Gender Ratio in IITs

## 197. DR. G. RANJITH REDDY:

Will the Minister of EDUCATION be pleased to state:

- (a) the  general  overview,  the  Government  has  of  the  IIT,  Hyderabad  Zone  where  the best gender ratio among all IIT campuses with more than 1200 girls joining in IITs of Hyderabad, Madras, Tirupati and Palakkad this year which constitutes 26 per cent of total admissions;
- (b) whether  it  is  true  that  the  national  average  is  only  19  per  cent  and  IIT,  Delhi  is targeting 50:50 gender ratio;
- (c) if so, the details thereof; and
- (d) the efforts being made by the Government to ensure that there is 50:50 gender ratio in all IITs and other National Institutions?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

(DR. SUBHAS SARKAR)

(a)  to  (d):  With  a  view  to  improve female  enrolment  in the Indian  Institutes  of  Technology (IITs), the Government  had  decided to increase female enrolment in the B.Tech. programmes of IITs from 8% to 14% in 2018-19, 17% in 2019-20 and 20% in 2020-21 by creating  supernumerary  seats.  Accordingly,  the  female  enrolment  in  IITs  for  B.  Tech. Programmes was achieved as 15.3% in 2018-19, 18% in 2019-20 and 19.8% in 2020-21.

As per Joint Entrance Examination (Advanced) 2023- Joint Implementation Committee (JIC) Report, 26.26% seats allocated to the female candidates in IIT Hyderabad Zone (IIT Madras, IIT Hyderabad, IIT Tirupati, IIT Palakkad), while 19.73% seats were allocated to the female candidates across the 23 IITs.

Further, various Institutions  have taken steps for further improving the gender ratio, which include special scholarships for female students, special open house outreach programmes for female high school students to encourage  them  towards Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), counselling activities for JEE (Advanced) qualified female students, etc.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 195 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-04
Subject: New Model Degree Colleges in Aspirational Districts
Ministry: Education
Asked by: Rahul Ramesh Shewale, Chandra Sekhar Sahu

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 195 ANSWERED ON 04.12.2023

## NEW MODEL DEGREE COLLEGES IN ASPIRATIONAL DISTRICTS

## 195. SHRI RAHUL RAMESH SHEWALE:

## SHRI CHANDRA SEKHAR SAHU:

Will the Minister of EDUCATION be pleased to state:

(a) whether the Government has modified the shortlisting criteria i.e. faculty positions filled in regular mode  from  85  per  cent  to  75  per  cent  under  'Grants  to  Strengthen  Colleges  (Accredited  & Unaccredited Colleges)' component of PM-USHA as in case like MERU and Grants to Strengthen Universities (Accredited & Unaccredited Universities) component;

(b)  whether  the  State  Governments  particularly  Maharashtra  and  Odisha  can  propose  New  Model Degree Colleges in Aspirational Districts which have been funded under 'New Model Degree College component' of RUSA 2.0;

(c) if so, the details thereof;

(d)  whether  the  State  Governments,  particularly  Maharashtra,  can  give  proposal  for  another  New Model Degree College in the other blocks of the same district having no colleges;

(e) if so, the details thereof;

(f) whether the Government is proposing to reduce the NAAC Grade and NIRF Ranking criteria under Multi-Disciplinary Education and Research Universities (MERU) component; and

(g) if so, the details in this regard?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION (Dr. SUBHAS SARKAR)

(a): As per the guidelines of the scheme of Pradhan Mantri Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (PM-USHA), for each component, various criteria have been given on the basis of which scoring of the proposals can be done. Among the list of such indicators, percentage of faculty positions filled in regular mode are included  where  institutions  with  more  than  75%  positions  filled  will  get  the  highest  score  under  the components  of  Multi-Disciplinary  Education  and  Research  Universities  (MERU)  and  Grants  to Strengthen Universities. Institutions with more than 85% positions filled will get the highest score under the component of Grants to Strengthen Colleges. However, other institutions which have lesser faculty positions are also eligible under the components but will get their corresponding score.

(b) to (e): As per the scheme guidelines, New Model Degree Colleges can be approved only in those districts in the States including Maharashtra and Odisha, which are not having any Government Higher Education Institutions.

(f) and (g): As per the scheme guidelines, only accredited State Government Universities are eligible for approval under the component of MERU. The National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) grade  and  National  Institute  Ranking  Framework  (NIRF)  ranking  of  the  institute  are  also  factors amongst others in shortlisting criteria under component MERU and currently there is no proposal under consideration to change this criteria.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 194 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-04
Subject: Development of Sannati Kanaganahalli as Buddhist Tourism destination
Ministry: TOURISM
Asked by: Umesh G. Jadhav

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF TOURISM

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.194 ANSWERED ON 04.12.2023

## DEVELOPMENT OF SANNATI KANAGANAHALLI AS BUDDHIST

## TOURISM DESTINATION

194.  DR. UMESH G. JADHAV:

Will the Minister of TOURISM be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Government  has  any  plan  to  develop  the  Sannati Kanaganahalli in Chittapur Taluka of Kalaburagi District, Karnataka as Buddhist Tourism destination;
- (b)
- if so, the details thereof;
- whether  the  Government  has  received  any  proposal  from  the
- (c) State Government in this regard; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

(SHRI G. KISHAN REDDY)

THE MINISTER OF TOURISM

- (a) to (d): Ministry  of  Tourism  provides  financial  assistance  under Swadesh Darshan and 'Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual, Heritage Augmentation  Drive  (PRASHAD)'  for  holistic  development  of  tourism destinations.  The  Ministry  of  Tourism  (MoT)  has  revamped  Swadesh Darshan  scheme  as  Swadesh  Darshan  scheme  2.0  (SD2.0)  with  the objective to develop sustainable and responsible tourism destinations in  the  country.  As  per  the  SD2.0  scheme  guidelines,  the  State Governments/UT  Administrations  prepare  a  State  Perspective  Plan (SPP)  analysing  tourism  potential  of  various  destinations  and  the Ministry  of  Tourism  as  per  the  prescribed  procedures  identifies destinations for development in the country. Accordingly, the Ministry of  Tourism  has  notified  'Hampi'  and  'Mysuru'  as  destinations  for development under SD2.0. Under the PRASHAD scheme, the Ministry of  Tourism  has  sanctioned  a  project  'Development  of  Pilgrimage Amenities  at  Sri  Chamundeshwari  Devi  Temple,  Mysuru'  in  the  year 2023-24 for Rs.45.71 Crore in the State of Karnataka.

********