Lok Sabha Question No. 2511 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-08-04
Subject: Progress made under PMKVY
Ministry: SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Asked by: Shri Parshottambhai Rupala

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2511 ANSWERED ON 04.08.2025

## PROGRESS MADE UNDER PMKVY

## 2511.  SHRI PARSHOTTAMBHAI RUPALA:

Will the Minister of SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of the progress made under the skill development programmes, including the number of candidates trained and certified;
- (b) the details of the courses and training programmes offered under the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) and other skill development initiatives;
- (c) the total number of skill development centres established and the sectors covered under the said programmes;
- (d) whether the measures taken by the Government to ensure that the said programmes are aligned with industry requirements and provide employable skills to candidates and if so, the details thereof; and
- (e) the  details  of  the  steps  taken  by  the  Government  to  monitor  and  evaluate  the effectiveness  of  the  said  programmes  and  to  address  the  challenges  faced  by  the candidates?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) IN THE MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

(SHRI JAYANT CHAUDHARY)

(a) & (b): Under the Government of India's Skill India Mission (SIM) , the Ministry of Skill Development  and  Entrepreneurship  (MSDE)  delivers  skill,  re-skill  and  up-skill  training through  an  extensive  network  of  skill  development  centres  under  various  schemes,  viz. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), Jan Sikhshan Sansthan (JSS), National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) and Craftsman Training Scheme (CTS) through Industrial  Training  Institutes  (ITIs),  to  all  the  sections  of  the  society  across  the  country including state of Maharashtra. The SIM aims at enabling youth of India to get future ready, equipped with industry relevant skills.

Details of candidates trained and certified under various schemes of MSDE are as under:

| Scheme(s)                                       | Trained              | Certified   |
|-------------------------------------------------|----------------------|-------------|
| PMKVY (Since 2015-16 up to 30th June 2025)      | 1,64,07,263          | 1,29,21,524 |
| JSS Scheme (Since 2018-19 up to 30th June 2025) | 31,43,415            | 30,96,387   |
| NAPS (Since 2018-19 up to 30th June 2025)       | 40,81,154            | 6,76,634    |
| CTS (ITIs) (Session 2018 to Session 2024)       | 92,66,381 (enrolled) | 55,86,435   |

(c): Schemes of MSDE are demand driven and training centres under these schemes are set up or engaged on need basis. Details of the training centres engaged under the schemes of MSDE across India, are as under:

| PMKVY 4.0 Centres (STT+SP)   |   JSS Centres | NAPS Establishments   | ITIs   |
|------------------------------|---------------|-----------------------|--------|
| 12,838                       |           289 | 51,895                | 14,615 |

* Short-term Training (STT) and Special Projects (SP)

Under the schemes of MSDE, skill training is provided in job roles/trades covering various economic activities of the economy, ranging from traditional sectors to new-age /emerging sectors. Details of the job roles/trades covered under various schemes of MSDE are:

| PMKVY     | JSS       | NAPS                  | CTS (ITIs)   |
|-----------|-----------|-----------------------|--------------|
| 750+      | 51        | 266 Designated Trades | 169          |
| Job Roles | Job Roles | 750+ Optional Trades  | Trades       |

(d): To ensure that the skills imparted are aligned with the current industry requirements and thereby improve employability of the youth, the following specific steps have been taken by MSDE:

- (i)   National Council for Vocational Education and Training (NCVET) has been set up as an overarching regulator establishing regulations and standards to ensure quality in the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) space.
- (ii)   The Awarding Bodies recognised by NCVET are expected to develop the qualifications as per the industry demand and map them with the identified occupations as per the National Classification of Occupations, 2015 and obtain industry validations.
- (iii)   36 Sector Skill Councils (SSCs), led by industry leaders in the respective sectors, have been set up which are mandated to identify the skill development needs of respective sectors as well as to determine skill competency standards.
- (iv)   Directorate General of Training (DGT) under the aegis of MSDE is implementing Flexi MoU Scheme and Dual System of Training (DST) which are meant to provide training to ITI students in industrial environment as per their requirements.
- (v)  Under PMKVY, the new age/future skills job-roles have been specially aligned with Industry  4.0  requirements  in  areas  like  AI/ML,  Robotics,  Mechatronics,  Drone Technology, etc. for upcoming market demand and industry requirements.
- (vi)   DGT has introduced new age /future skills courses in Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) and National Skill Training Institutes (NSTIs) under CTS to provide training in emerging areas such as 5G Network Technician, Artificial Intelligence Programming assistant, Cyber Security Assistant, Drone Technician etc.
- (vii)  DGT has signed MoU with IT Tech companies like IBM, CISCO, Future Skill Rights Network, Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft to ensure industry linkages for the institutes at the state and regional levels under CSR initiatives. These partnerships facilitate the provision of technical and  professional skills training  in  modern technologies.
- (viii) Indian Institute of Skills (IIS) established at Ahmedabad and Mumbai, in Public Private Partnership (PPP) Mode, provide training to create a pool of industry-ready workforce for Industry 4.0, equipped with cutting-edge technology and hands-on training.
- (ix)   MSDE has launched Skill India Digital Hub (SIDH) a unified platform that integrates skilling, education, employment, and entrepreneurship ecosystems to provide a lifelong array of services. The details of the trained candidates are available on SIDH portal for connecting with potential employers. Through SIDH, candidates can have access to jobs and apprenticeship opportunities.
- (x)  MSDE organises Rozgar Melas and Pradhan Mantri National Apprenticeship Melas (PMNAMs) to facilitate the placements and apprenticeship opportunities to the certified candidates.

(e): Impact  of schemes  for  skill  development is  assessed  through  their  third-party independent evaluation. MSDE's flagship scheme PMKVY was evaluated by NITI Aayog in October 2020. As per the study, about 94 percent of the employers surveyed reported they would hire more candidates trained under PMKVY. Further, 52 percent of the candidates who were placed in full time/part time employment and oriented under the RPL component received higher salary or felt that they will get higher salary compared to their un-certified peers.

As regards other schemes of MSDE, third-party evaluation reports mentioned success in terms  of  placement  or  livelihood  improvement of  candidates  trained  under  different schemes. The brief details of the same are given below:

JSS: Evaluation study of JSS scheme conducted in 2020 has found that the scheme has helped  in  almost  doubling  the  household  income  for  those  beneficiaries    have  got employment or were self-employed after the JSS training.  The report has further observed that the usefulness of the scheme would be further evident from the fact that 77.05% of the beneficiary trainees have undergone occupational shifts. The study also affirmed that the focus of the skilling in the scheme favours self-employment.

NAPS: Third-party  evaluation  study  of  NAPS  conducted  in  2021  has  observed  that  the scheme has successfully enhanced the employability of youth by providing structured onthe-job training, with a notable increase in the engagement of apprentices across various industries. In the new version of the scheme, DBT method has been adopted to transfer government share directly to apprentices' bank accounts, as streamlined reimbursement process was recommended in the report.

ITIs: The Tracer Study report of ITI Graduates published in 2018 by MSDE mentions that 63.5% of total ITI pass-outs got employed (out of which 6.7% are self-employed).

To ensure the monitoring of agencies/institutes engaged in imparting the skill training, the following measures have been taken by MSDE:

## PMKVY:

- The enrolment of the candidates under PMKVY scheme is Aadhaar based to ensure that fake enrolments do not occur under the scheme.
- The training centers have been mandated under PMKVY to install Aadhaar enabled biometric attendance system  (AEBAS)  machine  to  keep  track of candidates' attendance for the training. To ensure compliance, the payment to the training centres has been linked to attendance.
- Concurrent Monitoring of training centres and candidate skilling lifecycle progress by using the following monitoring tools:
- i. Call  Validation :  Manual  calls  are  made  to  the  candidate  on  the mobile number provided to capture the feedback of candidates on various aspects of training.
- ii. Surprise  Center  Visits :  Real  time surprise visits  are  made  to  check  the array of scheme compliance parameters.
- iii. Virtual  Verification :  It's  a  technology  driven  monitoring  mechanism to  virtually monitor and verify PMKVY compliance at the training center level. The training center  has  to  provide  the  required  information  along  with  geotagged  and  time stamped images through mobile application, as and when asked.
- iv. Outcome  based  payment  to  training  centres :  Payment  to  training  centres  are based on specific outcomes like attendance, certification, and placements through the lifecycle of the program.

A penalty  matrix  has  been  devised  to  penalize  (including  financial  penalties)  for  noncompliant entities. In cases of severe non-compliance or any unethical practice, a training center may be suspended for a period of six months or blacklisted from the skill ecosystem.

## NAPS

- Under NAPS, a National Steering Committee (NSC) and a Scheme Monitoring and Review Committee (SMRC) have been established at the central level to monitor the scheme.  Similarly,  State  Implementation  Review  Committees  (SIRCs)  have  been constituted at State/UT level.
- Scheme  is  also  monitored  through  the  State  Apprenticeship  Advisor  (SAAs)  and Assistant Apprenticeship Advisor (AAAs) in every district besides utilizing Regional Directorates of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (RDSDEs) and National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) for this purpose. The apprenticeship portal acts as the  central  hub  for  scheme  monitoring,  capturing  all  essential  credentials  of  the candidates and establishments.

## JSS

- MSDE monitors the implementation of the Scheme through periodic review meetings and filed visits. The scheme implementation is also monitored through Skill India Digital Hub (SIDH) portal.
- At State level, the monitoring and supervision of the JSSs is done by the RDSDEs. The RDSDE officials periodically visit and inspect the JSS under their jurisdiction for effective monitoring.
- At the JSS Level, a 16-member committee known as Board of Management (BoM) has been  established  in  each  JSS.  The  BoM  of  the  JSS  periodically  reviews  the programmes implemented by the JSS. The BoM members visit the skill training centres periodically  and  place  their  observations  in  the  BoM  meeting  for  taking  corrective measures for improving the functioning of JSS.

## DGT

- Industrial  Training  Institutes  (ITIs)  operate  under  the  administrative  and  financial control of the respective State Directorates. These State Directorates play a crucial role in monitoring and managing the day-to-day functioning of the ITIs.
- To further strengthen the monitoring framework, the Directorate General of Training (DGT), under the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE), has introduced a data-driven grading methodology for ITIs. This grading system evaluates the  performance  of  ITIs  based  on  a  comprehensive  set  of  parameters,  such  as admissions, examinations etc.

*****