Lok Sabha Question No. 1145 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-07-29
Subject: People Deprived of Formal Vocational and Technical Training
Ministry: SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Asked by: Shri Omprakash Bhupalsinh Alias Pavan Rajenimbalkar, Shri Arvind Ganpat Sawant, Shri Shrirang Appa Chandu Barne, Shri Shyamkumar Daulat Barve

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1145

ANSWERED ON 29.07.2024

## PEOPLE DEPRIVED OF FORMAL VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL TRAINING

† 1145 Shri Omprakash Bhupalsinh Alias Pavan Rajenimbalkar:

Shri Arvind Ganpat Sawant:

Shri Shyamkumar Daulat Barve:

## Will  the  Minister  of  SKILL  DEVELOPMENT  AND  ENTREPRENEURSHIP  be pleased to state:

(a) whether the labour mobilization rate have fallen from over 70% in 1990 to 56% in recent years in the country and if so, the details and the reasons therefor;

(b) whether the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) data reveals that a sizeable proportion of  the  workforce  between  15  to  59  age  groups  is  still  deprived  of  formal  vocational  or technical training;

(c) if so, the facts thereof along with the response of the Government thereon;

(d)  whether  valuable  information  may  be  derived  by  conducting  Census  in  various  sectors and it may enable the Government to take appropriate target steps;

(e) if so, the steps taken by the Government to conduct census of skill;

(f) whether it is a fact that the country needs a data-driven strategy to plug skill development gaps; and

(g)  if  so,  the  steps  taken  or  proposed  to  be  taken  by  the  Government  to  plug  skill development gap?

## ANSWER

THE  MINISTER  OF  STATE  (INDEPENDENT  CHARGE)  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

(SHRI JAYANT CHAUDHARY)

(a)  to  (c) As  part  of  efforts  to  get  a  more  reliable  and  timely  labour  force  data,  National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) launched the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) in April 2017 with a refined methodology. As per the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) Annual Report 2022-23, the labour force participation rate on usual status for persons with age 15 and above has increased from 49.8% in 2017-18 to 57.9% in 2022-23.

As per the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) Annual Report 2022-23, percentage of persons in the age group 15-59 years who received vocational/technical training was 27.4%, which includes 3.8% who received formal training.  The lack of awareness about benefits of vocational training and its perceived low aspirational value are among important reasons for low participation in vocational/technical training programmes.

Shri Shrirang Appa Chandu Barne:

Under Skill India Mission (SIM) of the Govt of India, Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) delivers skill, re-skill and up-skill training through various schemes viz. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), Jan Sikhshan Sansthan (JSS), National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) and Craftsman Training Scheme (CTS) through Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs), to all the sections of the society across the country with the aim to address the employability gap and further enhance labour productivity.

(d) to (g) There is no proposal under consideration for conducting Skill Census in the country. However, Skill gap studies are conducted from time to time which provide information on the skills needed and the skill gaps in various sectors. Such studies guide the interventions of the Government  aimed  at  preparing  the  workforce  as  per  the  industry  needs.  Further,  District Skill  Committees  (DSCs)  are  mandated  with  formulating  District  Skill  Development  Plans (DSDPs)  to  promote  decentralized  planning  and  implementation  at  the  grassroots.  The DSDPs identify sectors with employment opportunities as well as the associated demand for skilling  in  the  district,  and  map  the  available  facilities  for  Skill  Training.  Skill  Development Programmes of the Government are designed and implemented to bridge identified skill gaps across sectors.

In order to meet skilling requirement for future workforce, improve the quality of skilling and align the training programs with the changes in the economy and technology to meet the needs of the industry, following steps have been taken by Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE):

- i. The  training  programmes  offered  under  the  schemes  of  MSDE  are  developed  in collaboration  with  industries,  keeping  in  view  market  demands.  36  Sector  Skill Councils (SSCs), led by industry leaders in the respective sectors, have been set up by National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) which are mandated to identify the skill development needs of respective sectors as well as to determine skill competency standards.
- ii. Future ready job-roles addressing the requirement of Industry 4.0, emerging sectors like Drone, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Robotics, Mechatronics, etc.,  have  been prioritized  under  PMKVY  4.0.   Under  CTS  also,  new  age  courses  have  been developed to meet the demand of futuristic job roles in emerging technologies.
- iii. The National Council for Vocational Education and Training (NCVET) has been set up as an overarching regulator establishing regulations and standards to ensure quality in the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) space.
- iv. The Awarding Bodies recognised by NCVET  are expected to develop the qualifications as per the industry  demand  and  map  them  with the identified occupations  as  per  the  National  Classification  of  Occupation,  2015,  of  Ministry  of Labour and Employment and obtain industry validations.
- v. Directorate General of Training (DGT) is implementing Flexi MoU Scheme and Dual System  of  Training  (DST).  These  initiatives  are  meant  to  provide  training  to  ITI students in industrial environment.
- vi. Courses  aligned  to  National Skills  Qualification  Framework  (NSQF)  also  have components of On Job Training (OJT) and employability skills.
- vii. DGT  has  also  signed  MoU  with  IT  Tech  companies  like  IBM,  CISCO,  Future  Skill Rights  Network  (erstwhile  Quest  Alliance),  Amazon  Web  Services  (AWS)  and Microsoft to ensure industry linkages for the institutes at the state and regional levels under Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives.
- viii. NSDC,  under  the  Market  led  program,  provides  support  to  training  providers  that collaborate and align skill courses with industry demand.
- ix. Under  NAPS,  apprenticeship  training  and  increasing  engagement  with  industrial establishments for undertaking apprenticeship programmes is promoted.
- x. Government of India has signed Migration and Mobility Agreement with ten countries viz., U.K.; France, Germany, Israel, Taiwan, Austria, Mauritius, Australia, Portugal and Finland for aligning skilling with demand in these countries.
- xi. Government of India has announced setting up of 30 Skill India International Centers for catering to the demand for skilled workers for foreign countries.

Skill India Digital Hub (SIDH) is a comprehensive digital platform designed to synergize and transform the skills, education, employment, and entrepreneurship landscape in India. As the Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) for Skilling, Education, Employment, and Entrepreneurship, SIDH serves as a comprehensive information gateway for all government initiatives in these domains, making it a go-to hub for citizens pursuing career advancement and lifelong learning. The primary objectives of SIDH include facilitating digital access to skill development, integrating the skilling ecosystem, enhancing employability and entrepreneurship,  promoting  lifelong  learning,  serving  as  an  information  gateway,  and leveraging data-driven decision-making.

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