Lok Sabha Question No. 3677 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-08-11
Subject: Pending Cases Before NCLT
Ministry: CORPORATE AFFAIRS
Asked by: Smt. Sajda Ahmed

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRS LOK SABHA ANSWERED ON MONDAY, THE 11 th  of AUGUST, 2025/

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3677 SRAVANA 20, 1947 (SAKA)

PENDING CASES BEFORE NCLT

## QUESTION

3677.    SMT. SAJDA AHMED :

Will the Minister of CORPORATE AFFAIRS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government is aware of long-pending cases before the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT);
- (b) if so, the total number of pending cases, year-wise and sector-wise;
- (c) whether the Government recognises investor concerns arising from delays in resolution and recovery;
- (d) the steps taken/being taken to strengthen functioning of NCLT and improve investor confidence; and
- (e) whether any reforms or accountability measures are proposed for time-bound resolution and if so, the details thereof?

MINISTER OF STATE FOR THE MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRS AND MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

(HARSH MALHOTRA)

- (a) & (b) National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) is a quasi-judicial body. The pendency of cases in NCLT depends on circumstances and complexity of each case, nature of evidence, number of Interlocutory Applications (IA), stay by the higher courts in many cases, cooperation of stakeholders etc. The year-wise pendency of cases in NCLT is as under:

| Year      | Pending Cases as on 31 st March of the Financial Year   |
|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------|
| 2016-2017 | 6,256                                                   |
| 2017-2018 | 10,426                                                  |
| 2018-2019 | 16,643                                                  |
| 2019-2020 | 21,532                                                  |
| 2020-2021 | 20,654                                                  |
| 2021-2022 | 21,312                                                  |
| 2022-2023 | 21,424                                                  |
| 2023-2024 | 19,793                                                  |
| 2024-2025 | 14,961                                                  |

The Sector wise details of ongoing cases under Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP) and Liquidation as on 31.03.2025 are at Annexure. (c) to (e) To facilitate expeditious disposal, Government is taking necessary steps on an ongoing basis, which include implementation of e-court and hybrid court project,  regular  colloquiums  for  capacity  building  of  members,  provisions  of infrastructure, filling up  of vacancies, etc.  Further,  the  Government  has undertaken six legislative amendments to the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (IBC) and introduced over 100 changes to the regulations since its inception, to  strengthen  the  insolvency  resolution  framework  and  enhance  procedural efficiency.

- ***********

## ANNEXURE

## Sector wise details of Ongoing CIRP cases as on 31/03/2025

| Sector                                       |   Number of cases |
|----------------------------------------------|-------------------|
| Construction                                 |               288 |
| Electricity &Others                          |                38 |
| Hotels &Restaurants                          |                34 |
| Manufacturing                                |               538 |
| Real Estate, Renting And Business Activities |               510 |
| Transport, Storage &Communications           |                56 |
| Wholesale and Retail Trade                   |               196 |
| Others                                       |               266 |
| Total                                        |              1926 |

## Sector wise details of Ongoing Liquidation cases as on 31/03/2025

| Sector                                       |   Number of cases |
|----------------------------------------------|-------------------|
| Construction                                 |               147 |
| Electricity &Others                          |                44 |
| Hotels &Restaurants                          |                25 |
| Manufacturing                                |               522 |
| Real Estate, Renting And Business Activities |               247 |
| Transport, Storage &Communications           |                52 |
| Wholesale and Retail Trade                   |               168 |
| Others                                       |               179 |
| Total                                        |              1384 |