Lok Sabha Question No. 213 (STARRED), answered on 2023-12-18
Subject: Dropouts in Class Tenth
Ministry: Education
Asked by: V. Kalanidhi

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION & LITERACY

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO-213

ANSWERED ON 18/12/2023

## Dropouts in Class Tenth

## *213. DR. KALANIDHI VEERASWAMY:

Will the Minister of EDUCATION be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government is cognizant of the analysis based on the recent exercise carried out by the Ministry of Education that about 3.5 million students stop their education in Tenth class; (b) the reasons for the failure of pursuing education of students despite the measures taken by the Government under New Education Policy; (c) the details on the failure rate of students in Class 10th, subject-wise and also district-wise during the last four quarters; (d) the details on the proportion of teachers in high school to the enrolled students, subject-wise;
- (e) the details of Class 10th dropouts, failed students in the last four academic years, districtwise; and
- (f) the details of the total fund allocated for school education during the last four years, Statewise especially in Tamil Nadu?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF EDUCATION (SHRI DHARMENDRA PRADHAN)

(a) to (f) A statement is laid on the table of the House.

## STATEMENT  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PART  (a)  to  (f)  OF  LOK  SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 213 ANSWERED ON 18.12.2023 ASKED BY HONB'LE MP DR. KALANIDHI VEERASWAMY REGARDING 'DROPUTS IN CLASS TENTH'

(a):  The  Department  of  School  Education  and  Literacy  (DoSEL),  Ministry  of  Education compiles board-wise examination result for class tenth. As per the data  of examination result 2022, 1,89,90,809 students appeared for class tenth examination, of which 1,60,34,671 students were declared passed and 29,56,138 students failed to progress to the class XI.

(b):  The  reasons  for  failure  of  students  in  examination  depends  on  various  factors  viz,  not attending  the  schools,  difficulty  in  following  the  instruction  in  schools,  lack  of  interest  in  the studies, level of difficulty of question paper, lack of quality teachers, lack of support from parents, teachers  and  schools  etc.  Further,  education  is  in  the  concurrent  list  of  the  Constitution  and majority of the schools are under the domain of respective State and UT Governments. Central Government assist States and UTs through the Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Samagra Shiksha, which is also aligned with NEP 2020 to ensure that all children have access to quality education with an equitable and inclusive classroom environment which should take care of their diverse background, multilingual needs, different academic abilities and make them active participants in the  learning  process.  Financial  assistance  is  also  provided  to  the  States  and  UTs  for  various activities  to  improve  enrolment  in  Govt.  schools,  which  include  opening/strengthening  of  new schools up to senior secondary level, strengthening school infrastructure, setting up, up gradation and  running  of  Kasturba  Gandhi  Balika  Vidyalayas  (KGBV)  upto  class  12,  setting  up  of residential  schools/hostel  named  Netaji  Subhas  Chandra  Bose  Avasiya  Vidyalayas,  transport allowance, undertaking enrolment drives, seasonal hostels/residential camps, provision of vocational education and ICT facilities in schools, etc, financial assistance is  also provided for aids and appliances for children with special needs.

Also,  NEP 2020 has recommended integration of vocational education into mainstream education in all educational institutions. Under the vocational education component of Samagra Shiksha scheme, National Skills Qualifications Framework (NSQF) compliant vocational courses are offered to the students from class 9th to 12th in eligible schools. At the Secondary level, i.e. Class 9 and 10, vocational modules are offered to the students as an additional subject. At the Senior  Secondary  level,  i.e.  Class  11  and  12,  vocational  courses  are  offered  as  a  compulsory (elective) subject. States/UTs can now opt from 88 Job Roles in 22 Sectors as per the Skill Gap Analysis  of  the  State/UT.  As  part  of  NEP-2020  implementation  -National  Credit  Framework (NCrF multiple entry/exit etc. have been introduced .

(c):  The board-wise examination result is compiled annually and the details of the students not qualified in class tenth examination during the last four years are annexure I.

(d):  The  Department  of  School  Education  and  Literacy  (DoSEL),  Ministry  of  Education  has developed the Unified District Information System for Education Plus (UDISE+) system to record data on indicators of school education provided by all the States and Union Territories. As per UDISE+, the Pupil Teacher Ratio at the Secondary level for the year 2021-22 is 16.

(e): The details of student's dropout rate at class tenth for last four years state-wise (UDISE+) is at annexure-II and details of students not qualified in class tenth for last four years board-wise are at annexure-I.

(f): The total fund allocated for school education during the last four years including Tamil Nadu is at annexure-III.

******

## ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (c) and (e) OF LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 213 ANSWERED  ON  18.12.2023  ASKED  BY  HONB'LE  MP  DR.  KALANIDHI  VEERASWAMY  REGARDING 'DROPOUTS IN CLASS TENTH'

Students not qualified in class tenth examination during last four years board-wise

| Sl. No.   | Name of the Board                                                     | Board Detail           | 2019         | 2020         | 2021         | 2022      |
|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|-----------|
| 1         | Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi                       | Central (Regular)      | 109800       | 100812       | 31196        | 117308    |
| 2         | Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations, New Delhi     | Central (Regular)      | 2418         | 1267         | 45           | 57        |
| 3         | National Institute of Open Schooling                                  | Central (open)         | 135386       | 70247        | 11139        | 55365     |
| 4         | Andhra Pradesh, Board of Secondary Education                          | Central (open)         | 11664        | 0            | 0            | 69941     |
| 5         | Assam Board of Secondary Education                                    | Central (open)         | 122727       | 120440       | 16761        | 168063    |
| 6         | State Madrassa Education Board, Assam                                 | Central (open)         | 125          | 282          | 187          | 1471      |
| 7         | Bihar School Examination Board, Patna                                 | Central (open)         | 202392       | 149635       | 210332       | 348882    |
| 8         | Bihar State Madrasa Education Board                                   | Central (open)         | 20029        | 5895         | 3771         | 2390      |
| 9         | Bihar Sanskrit Shiksha Board Patna                                    | Central (open)         | 4162         | 114          | 1301         | 4332      |
| 10        | Chhattisgarh Board of Secondary Education                             | Central (open)         | 111145       | 101376       | 0            | 85267     |
| 11        | Chhattisgarh Madarsa Board, Raipur                                    | Central (open)         | 20           | 11           | 4            | 8         |
| 12        | Chhattisgarh Sanskrit Vidya Mandalam, Raipur                          | Central (open)         | 24           | 12           | 0            | 8         |
| 13        | Goa Board of Secondary &Higher Secondary Education                    | Central (open)         | 1262         | 1164         | 65           | 1241      |
| 14        | Gujarat Secondary &Higher Secondary Education Board                   | Central (open)         | 281958       | 315339       | 12118        | 245627    |
| 15        | Board of School Education Haryana                                     | Central (open)         | 155321       | 118743       | 0            | 86484     |
| 16        | Himachal Pradesh Board of School Education                            | Central (open)         | 38258        | 29668        | 151          | 10947     |
| 17        | Jammu and Kashmir State Board of School Education                     | Central (open)         | 156755       | 85538        | 14397        | 33121     |
| 18        | Jharkhand Academic Council, Ranchi                                    | Central (open)         | 109824       | 96132        | 17579        | 16495     |
| 19        | Karnataka, Secondary Education Examination Board                      | Central (open)         | 102412       | 229676       | 2            | 178054    |
| 20        | Kerala Board of Public Examination                                    | Central (open)         | 2658         | 1330         | 320          | 649       |
| 21        | Board of Secondary Education Madhya Pradesh                           | Central (open)         | 444158       | 419723       | 1007         | 398039    |
| 22        | Maharshi Patanjali Sanskrit Sansthan, Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh)         | Central (open)         | 1262         | 97           | 30           | 967       |
| 23        | Maharashtra State Board of Secondary &Higher Secondary Education      | State-Boards (regular) | 357661       | 115131       | 1681         | 49135     |
| 24        | Board of Secondary Education, Manipur                                 | State-Boards (regular) | 5703         | 8239         | 0            | 9418      |
| 25        | Meghalaya Board of School Education                                   | State-Boards (regular) | 22150        | 24876        | 24391        | 24675     |
| 26        | Mizoram Board of School Education                                     | State-Boards (regular) | 5085         | 5643         | 3004         | 5054      |
| 27        | Nagaland Board of School Education                                    | State-Boards (regular) | 6906         | 6712         | 7218         | 10216     |
| 28        | Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan New Delhi                                 | State-Boards (regular) | 67           | 0            | 0            | 31        |
| 29        | Board of Secondary Education, Odisha                                  | State-Boards (regular) | 138462       | 90908        | 12115        | 8944      |
| 30        | Punjab School Education Board                                         | State-Boards (regular) | 127767       | 2229         | 3267         | 7171      |
| 31        | Board of Secondary Education, Rajasthan                               | State-Boards (regular) | 193128       | 165276       | 1749         | 179785    |
| 32        | Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan                                       | State-Boards (regular) | 1            | 0            | 0            | 0         |
| 33        | State Board of School Education Tamil Nadu                            | State-Boards (regular) | 74858        | 28319        | 22101        | 181564    |
| 34        | Directorate of Government Examination, Telangana State                | State-Boards (regular) | 27458        | 11           | 0            | 12325     |
| 35        | Tripura Board of Secondary Education                                  | State-Boards (regular) | 15113        | 17077        | 0            | 3818      |
| 36        | Madhyamik Shiksha Parishad Uttar Pradesh                              | State-Boards (regular) | 565937       | 463853       | 1719         | 297763    |
| 37        | U.P. Dayalbag Education Institute                                     | State-Boards (regular) | 3            | 0            | 2            | 0         |
| 38        | UP Board of Secondary Sanskrit Education                              | State-Boards (regular) | 2758         | 598          | 359          | 1978      |
| 39        | Aligarh Muslim University Board of Secondary &Sr. Secondary Education | State-Boards (regular) | 323          | 46           | 38           | 9         |
| 40        | Uttarakhand Board of School Education                                 | State-Boards (regular) | 34612        | 37195        | 109          | 28803     |
| 41        | Uttarakhand Sanskrit Shiksha Parishad                                 | State-Boards (regular) | 25           | 20           | 6            | 83        |
| 42        | West Bengal Board of Secondary Education                              | State-Boards (regular) | 173703       | 160293       | 0            | 148840    |
| 43        | West Bengal Board of Madrasah Education                               |                        | 10666        | 7655         | 6            | 8726      |
| 44        | Andhra Pradesh Open School Society                                    | State-Boards (Open)    | 7504         | 202          | 103          | 15174     |
| 45        | Chhattisgarh State Open School                                        | State-Boards (Open)    | 25491        | 7284         | 4001         | 17057     |
| 46        | MP State Open School Education board, Bhopal                          | State-Boards (Open)    | 68575        | 80183        | 8111         | 80592     |
| 47 48     | Open School Board, Punjab Rajasthan State Open School                 | State-Boards (Open)    | 32593 43294  | 16024 38246  | 956 47112    | 4087      |
| 49        |                                                                       | State-Boards (Open)    |              |              |              | 31714     |
|           | Telangana Open School Society, Hyderabad                              | State-Boards (Open)    | 36576        | 108          | 8            | 2394 2066 |
| 50        | West Bengal Council of Rabindra Open Schooling Total                  | State-Boards (Open)    | 8989 3999168 | 1018 3124647 | 1412 459873* | 2956138   |

Source: Results of Secondary and Higher Secondary Examinations

*During the year 2021 due to covid-19 pandemic, no exam was held by most of boards & students were promoted to next level.

Annexure II ANNEXURE  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PART  (e)  OF  LOK  SABHA  STARRED QUESTION  NO.  213  ANSWERED  ON  18.12.2023  ASKED  BY  HONB'LE  MP  DR. KALANIDHI VEERASWAMY REGARDING 'DROPOUTS IN CLASS TENTH' Class Tenth Dropout Rate for last 4 years

| State/UTs                | 2018-19   | 2019-20   | 2020-21   | 2021-22   |
|--------------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
| Andaman& Nicobar Islands | 25.0      | 2.55      | 9.8       | 5.9       |
| Andhra Pradesh           | 28.9      | 25.76     | 31.3      | 28.3      |
| Arunachal Pradesh        | 51.0      | 38.53     | 19.9      | 17.0      |
| Assam                    | 44.0      | 45.63     | 47.0      | 28.3      |
| Bihar                    | 53.7      | 43.92     | 41.6      | 42.1      |
| Chandigarh               | 0.0       | 0.00      | 0.0       | 0.0       |
| Chhattisgarh             | 21.7      | 19.41     | 23.4      | 12.3      |
| Dadra &Nagar Haveli      | 28.0      | 28.23     | 29.1      | 9.8       |
| Daman &Diu               | 29.0      | 22.46     | -         | -         |
| Delhi                    | 10.7      | 8.25      | 0.8       | 1.3       |
| Goa                      | 1.7       | 4.87      | 5.3       | 12.4      |
| Gujarat                  | 38.6      | 36.09     | 42.6      | 28.2      |
| Haryana                  | 28.0      | 23.06     | 19.1      | 7.4       |
| Himachal Pradesh         | 10.7      | 6.86      | 13.5      | 2.5       |
| Jammu &Kashmir           | 21.6      | 24.96     | 2.4       | 9.5       |
| Jharkhand                | 32.3      | 21.86     | 20.2      | 15.8      |
| Karnataka                | 42.6      | 29.25     | 30.6      | 28.5      |
| Kerala                   | 17.2      | 15.15     | 13.7      | 11.2      |
| Ladakh                   | -         | -         | 6.7       | 7.8       |
| Lakshadweep              | 2.3       | 0.31      | 0.0       | 0.2       |
| Madhya Pradesh           | 26.4      | 27.95     | 29.2      | 9.8       |
| Maharashtra              | 19.3      | 24.42     | 18.7      | 20.4      |
| Manipur                  | 20.5      | 14.82     | 16.2      | 0.0       |
| Meghalaya                | 36.0      | 32.43     | 43.2      | 33.5      |
| Mizoram                  | 21.6      | 32.11     | 31.5      | 21.5      |
| Nagaland                 | 38.0      | 21.34     | 27.2      | 23.4      |
| Odisha                   | 12.8      | 38.35     | 39.4      | 49.9      |
| Puducherry               | 18.4      | 9.75      | 11.1      | 10.7      |
| Punjab                   | 16.6      | 11.38     | 25.5      | 20.6      |
| Rajasthan                | 18.9      | 18.00     | 17.2      | 12.1      |
| Sikkim                   | 24.2      | 22.80     | 12.7      | 10.1      |
| Tamil Nadu               | 16.7      | 14.15     | 11.8      | 9.0       |
| Telangana                | 26.9      | 25.84     | 30.2      | 27.4      |
| Tripura                  | 38.6      | 33.96     | 26.9      | 3.8       |
| Uttar Pradesh            | 18.7      | 14.24     | 15.4      | 9.2       |
| Uttarakhand              | 31.9      | 28.26     | 25.5      | 18.2      |
| West Bengal              | 22.0      | 16.78     | 16.5      | 14.9      |
| India                    | 28.4      | 26.00     | 25.4      | 20.6      |

## ANNEXURE  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PART  (f)  OF  LOK  SABHA  STARRED QUESTION  NO.  213  ANSWERED  ON  18.12.2023  ASKED  BY  HONB'LE  MP  DR. KALANIDHI VEERASWAMY REGARDING 'DROPOUTS IN CLASS TENTH'

Proposed Central Releases for Samagra Shiksha during the last four years

| Samagra Shiksha (Proposed Central Releases) (Rs in lakhs)   | Samagra Shiksha (Proposed Central Releases) (Rs in lakhs)   | Samagra Shiksha (Proposed Central Releases) (Rs in lakhs)   | Samagra Shiksha (Proposed Central Releases) (Rs in lakhs)   | Samagra Shiksha (Proposed Central Releases) (Rs in lakhs)   | Samagra Shiksha (Proposed Central Releases) (Rs in lakhs)   |
|-------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|
| Sl.No.                                                      | Name of the State                                           | 2019-20                                                     | 2020-21                                                     | 2021-22                                                     | 2022-23                                                     |
| 1                                                           | A &NIslands                                                 | 4734.98                                                     | 5545.59                                                     | 5637.45                                                     | 7402.1                                                      |
| 2                                                           | Andhra Pradesh                                              | 129474.97                                                   | 134853.54                                                   | 134853.54                                                   | 171258.59                                                   |
| 3                                                           | Arunachal Pradesh                                           | 44313.85                                                    | 44215.86                                                    | 44215.86                                                    | 53369.59                                                    |
| 4                                                           | Assam                                                       | 184896.66                                                   | 197702.88                                                   | 197702.88                                                   | 251460.08                                                   |
| 5                                                           | Bihar                                                       | 367391.02                                                   | 382755.00                                                   | 382755.00                                                   | 501887.29                                                   |
| 6                                                           | Chandigarh                                                  | 9751.34                                                     | 9552.71                                                     | 10024.09                                                    | 12422.81                                                    |
| 7                                                           | Chhattisgarh                                                | 103957.75                                                   | 88790.33                                                    | 88790.33                                                    | 113833.06                                                   |
| 8                                                           | Dadra &N. HaveliDaman& Diu                                  | 6409.23                                                     | 6717.80                                                     | 6740.66                                                     | 8793.65                                                     |
| 9                                                           | Delhi                                                       | 30263.61                                                    | 31521.04                                                    | 31521.05                                                    | 37727.38                                                    |
| 10                                                          | Goa                                                         | 1786.63                                                     | 1861.00                                                     | 1861                                                        | 2985.77                                                     |
| 11                                                          | Gujarat                                                     | 138301.52                                                   | 104183.92                                                   | 100974.38                                                   | 137120.75                                                   |
| 12                                                          | Haryana                                                     | 77592.51                                                    | 85755.82                                                    | 82538.73                                                    | 96350.03                                                    |
| 13                                                          | Himachal Pradesh                                            | 55834.57                                                    | 58166.16                                                    | 58166.16                                                    | 73808.17                                                    |
| 14                                                          | Jammu& Kashmir                                              | 179414.26                                                   | 147213.74                                                   | 132021.74                                                   | 165059.67                                                   |
| 15                                                          | Jharkhand                                                   | 99401.58                                                    | 90018.00                                                    | 90018                                                       | 116768.12                                                   |
| 16                                                          | Karnataka                                                   | 77908.31                                                    | 70761.11                                                    | 70761.11                                                    | 100494.06                                                   |
| 17                                                          | Kerala                                                      | 24215.62                                                    | 25221.99                                                    | 25221.99                                                    | 34847                                                       |
| 18                                                          | Ladakh                                                      | 4225.00                                                     | 10203.97                                                    | 9999.72                                                     | 12349.12                                                    |
| 19                                                          | Lakshadweep                                                 | 828.45                                                      | 826.16                                                      | 573.33                                                      | 786.86                                                      |
| 20                                                          | Madhya Pradesh                                              | 282823.63                                                   | 294630.92                                                   | 294630.92                                                   | 372787.9                                                    |
| 21                                                          | Maharashtra                                                 | 101622.31                                                   | 101370.47                                                   | 101370.47                                                   | 159289.59                                                   |
| 22                                                          | Manipur                                                     | 36806.08                                                    | 38242.09                                                    | 37042.52                                                    | 49418.88                                                    |
| 23                                                          | Meghalaya                                                   | 34865.4                                                     | 42339.28                                                    | 30584.23                                                    | 37515.29                                                    |
| 24                                                          | Mizoram                                                     | 19639.61                                                    | 23310.22                                                    | 22559.99                                                    | 32308.05                                                    |
| 25                                                          | Nagaland                                                    | 24622.93                                                    | 25624.49                                                    | 21808.76                                                    | 28104.5                                                     |
| 26                                                          | Odisha                                                      | 189483.85                                                   | 149745.39                                                   | 145334.43                                                   | 184107.55                                                   |
| 27                                                          | Puducherry                                                  | 1453.68                                                     | 1514.00                                                     | 1514                                                        | 1987.3                                                      |
| 28                                                          | Punjab                                                      | 52179.23                                                    | 57209.85                                                    | 54353.29                                                    | 71906.33                                                    |
| 29                                                          | Rajasthan                                                   | 319075.5                                                    | 273019.53                                                   | 273019.53                                                   | 345219.75                                                   |
| 30                                                          | Sikkim                                                      | 9616.96                                                     | 12749.33                                                    | 12249.29                                                    | 15176.05                                                    |
| 31                                                          | Tamil Nadu                                                  | 180173.13                                                   | 164996.07                                                   | 164996.07                                                   | 211759.9                                                    |
| 32                                                          | Telangana                                                   | 109524.69                                                   | 88061.36                                                    | 88061.36                                                    | 114385.92                                                   |
| 33                                                          | Tripura                                                     | 31211.13                                                    | 42642.69                                                    | 31820.19                                                    | 38741.08                                                    |
| 34                                                          | Uttar Pradesh                                               | 560934.86                                                   | 553308.53                                                   | 512311.24                                                   | 626179.97                                                   |
| 35                                                          | Uttarakhand                                                 | 81815.77                                                    | 78773.29                                                    | 67262.62                                                    | 84444.06                                                    |
| 36                                                          | West Bengal                                                 | 163525.32                                                   | 133877.32                                                   | 133877.32                                                   | 177338.04                                                   |
|                                                             | Total                                                       | 3740075.94                                                  | 3577281.45                                                  | 3467173.25                                                  | 4449394.26                                                  |