Lok Sabha Question No. 1968 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-14
Subject: Sewage Generation in Country
Ministry: HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS
Asked by: Gaddam Ranjith Reddy

NO. 1968.

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1968

## TO BE ANSWERED ON DECEMBER 14, 2023

## SEWAGE GENERATION IN COUNTRY

DR. G. RANJITH REDDY:

Will the Minister of HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether it is true that sewage generation in the country has gone up by leaps and bounds during the last few years;
- (b) if so, the details of sewage generation during the last ten years, year and State-wise;
- (c) whether it is also true that treatment capacity is not being in commensurate with the generation;
- (d) if  so,  the  details  of  sewage treatment in the country during the last ten years, year and State-wise;
- (e) the manner in which the Government is supplementing the efforts of States, particularly Telangana, during the last ten years, year-wise;
- (f) whether it is also true that municipal waste generation capacity is also huge
- and treatment is just about 70 per cent of the total waste; and
- (g) if so, whether the Government is planning to address these issues and if so, the details thereof and the manner in which CPCB and other agencies are addressing this problem?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS (SHRI KAUSHAL KISHORE)

(a) & (b): Yes, Sir. The rapid urbanization, increase in number of towns/ cities and  rapid  growth  of  population  in  the  country  has  resulted  to  increase  in sewage generation in the country.

As per the information provided by all the 36 States/ Union Territories (UTs) to National Green Tribunal (NGT) during the period from 07.07.2022 to 11.05.2023  and  reflected  in  order  dated  22.05.2023  of  NGT,  total  sewage generation in the country is 52,644.003 Million Liters per Day (MLD). The Statewise details as reported by States are placed at ANNEXURE.

- (c) & (d): As per information provided by all 36 States/ UTs to NGT during the period from 07.07.2022 to 11.05.2023, against the total sewage generation of 52,644.003  MLD,  the  treatment  capacity  is  31,885.138  MLD  and  actual utilization is 22,491.018 MLD. The gap in treatment is 25,995.257 MLD. The State-wise details as reported by States is at ANNEXURE.
- (e): Public health and sanitation are State subject(s) and it is the responsibility of State/ ULBs to plan, design, execute and operate sanitation projects  in  the  urban  areas  of  the  country.  However,  Government  of  India supplements the efforts of the States/  ULBs  in  providing  infrastructure  for basic services such as sewerage infrastructure including Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) in urban areas through its various flagship Missions.

Besides  the  State  schemes,  STPs  are  constructed  under  four  central schemes. These schemes are:

- (i) Atal  Mission  for  Rejuvenation  and  Urban  Transformation  (AMRUT) implemented by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs - So far, 3,685 MLD treatment capacity has been created and 2,546 MLD capacity is in progress summing up total treatment capacity to 6,232 MLD from sewage and septage management  projects  taken  up  worth  ₹34,303  crore  in  500  cities.  In Telangana, 18.25 MLD treatment capacity has been created with completion of  2  STPs.  AMRUT also funded 80 STPs with a total treatment capacity of 1,753 MLD of erstwhile JnNURM.

Under AMRUT 2.0 implemented by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs - So far, 210 STPs with treatment capacity of 3,940 MLD from sewage and septage management projects costing ₹5,0536.88 cr ore have been planned for development in 500 AMRUT cities. In Telangana, 5 STPs with treatment capacity of 160 MLD from sewage and septage management projects costing ₹1,926 cr ore have been planned for development.

- (ii) Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban) implemented by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs - 13,000 MLD treatment capacity is planned to be created under the Mission in cities having population less than 1 lakh.
- (iii)  Namami  Gange  Programme  implemented  by  the  Ministry  of  Water Resources,  River  Development  and  Ganga  Rejuvenation  -  So  far  (as  per October 2023 report), out of 6,172 MLD of treatment capacity taken up in 194 projects  worth  ₹30,934  crore,  3,509  MLD  treatment capacity  has  been created.

(iv) Under National River Conservation Plan implemented by the Ministry of Environment,  Forest  and  Climate  Change  -  From  2014  till  date,  940  MLD sewerage treatment capacity has been taken up.

(f): As per the data provided by the States/ UTs to SBM - Swacchatam portal, currently the total municipal waste generated in urban areas is approx. 1.5 Lakh  tonnes  per  day  out  of  which  approximately  76%  of  the  total  waste generated is being processed.

(g): Regarding municipal solid waste management, Government of India has launched the 'Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban 2.0' with a goal to make the cities Garbage-Free, and achieve 100% processing of MSW through sustainable solid waste management by providing Additional Central Assistance (ACA) to the States/ UTs for developing municipal solid waste processing infrastructure as per the operational guidelines.

Regarding municipal liquid waste management, AMRUT 2.0 Mission was launched in October 2021 for five years to supplement the efforts of States/ UTs in 500 AMRUT cities to address the challenges related to sewage. AMRUT 2.0 is a digital and paperless mission and is being monitored through online monitoring  platform.  To  address  the  challenges,  Mission  promotes  latest technology through technology sub-Mission and involvement of start-ups. To create 'new tap' to achieve water security, Mission focuses on recycle and reuse of used water. For the urban areas with population less than one lakh, the liquid waste management is being supported by Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban) 2.0.

******

ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) & (b) and (c) & (d) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION  NO.  1968  REGARDING  'SEWAGE  GENERATION  IN  COUNTRY'  DUE  FOR ANSWER IN THE LOK SABHA ON 14 DECEMBER, 2023.

## State-wise Details of Sewerage Generation and STP Capacity as per NGT order

| S. No          | State / UT        | Sewage Generation (in MLD)   | Existing STP capacity (in MLD)   | Capacity Utilization as shown in data (In MLD)   | Gap in Treatment at present ( in MLD)   |
|----------------|-------------------|------------------------------|----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|
| 1              | Andhra Pradesh    | 1503.2                       | 535.45                           | 382.81                                           | 1120.39                                 |
| 2              | Arunachal Pradesh | 236.48                       | Nil                              | Nil                                              | 236.48 (NGT accounted gap for 100 MLD)  |
| 3              | Assam             | 435.35                       | -                                | -                                                | 435.35                                  |
| 4              | Bihar             | 2371                         | 178.73                           | -                                                | 2193                                    |
| 5              | Chandigarh        | 220                          | 242.63                           | 216.75                                           | 3.25                                    |
| 6              | Chhattisgarh      | 600                          | 360.5                            | 178.6                                            | 421.4                                   |
| 7              |                   | 3482                         | 2865                             | 2403                                             | 1079                                    |
| 7              | Delhi             | (768 MGD)                    | (632 MGD)                        |                                                  |                                         |
| 8              | Goa               | 52.09                        | 80.35                            | -                                                | 4.72                                    |
| 9              | Gujarat           | 4414                         | 4754                             | 3409                                             | 1005                                    |
| 10             | Haryana           | Urban: 1508                  | 1835                             | 1465                                             | 43                                      |
| 11             | Himachal Pradesh  | Rural: 104.5 91.95           | 56.37 114.8                      | 56.37 Not given                                  | 48.13 22.15                             |
| 12 J&K         |                   |                              | 242.4                            | 242.4                                            | 144.82                                  |
| 13 Karnataka   |                   | 523 3356.5                   | 1929.1                           | 1929.1                                           | 1427.4                                  |
| 14             | 1192              | Sewage                       | -                                | -                                                | 42.3                                    |
| 14             | Kerala            | 2783 Sullage                 |                                  |                                                  | (1000 MLD)                              |
| 15 Lakshadweep |                   | 2.83                         | 2.83                             | 2.83                                             | 0                                       |
| 16 Madhya      | Pradesh           | Urban: 2183.7                | 1311.99                          | 696.03                                           | 1487.73                                 |
| 17             | Maharashtra       | 9758.53                      | 4338.2                           | 4338.2                                           | 5420.33                                 |
| 18 Meghalaya   |                   | 51                           | 0.115                            | 0.115                                            | 51                                      |
| 19             | Nagaland          | 91.2                         | -                                | -                                                | 91.2                                    |
| 20 Odisha      |                   | 642.373                      | 128                              | 128                                              | 514                                     |
| 21             | Puducherry        | 92.1                         | 56                               | 56                                               | 36.1                                    |
| 22             | Rajasthan         | 1551                         | 1085                             | 700                                              | 1250                                    |

|    |                                    | Urban: 18.79    | 18.79                   | 18.79     | 0                                      |
|----|------------------------------------|-----------------|-------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------|
| 23 | Sikkim                             | Rural: 28.89    |                         |           |                                        |
|    |                                    | Total: 47.68    | 22.5                    | 22.5      | 25.18                                  |
| 24 | Tamil Nadu                         | 4001.02         | 3139.04                 | 2519.54   | 1031.77                                |
|    |                                    |                 |                         | 3139.04   |                                        |
| 25 | Telangana                          | 2750            | 925.58                  | 925.58    | 1824.42                                |
|    |                                    | Urban: 82.4     | 8.72                    | -         | 73.68                                  |
| 26 | Tripura                            |                 |                         |           |                                        |
|    |                                    | Rural: 145.03   | 25.83                   | -         | 119.2                                  |
| 27 | Uttar Pradesh                      | 5500            | 3860                    | Not given | 1640                                   |
|    |                                    |                 |                         |           | -2500                                  |
| 28 | Uttarakhand                        | 484.78          | 425                     | Not given | 59.78 (in terms to treatment capacity) |
| 29 | West Bengal                        | 2758            | 1505.85                 | 1268      | 1490                                   |
| 30 | Punjab                             | 2128            | 1786                    | 1429      | 700                                    |
|    |                                    | (166 ULBs)      |                         |           |                                        |
| 31 | Andaman & Nicobar                  | 19.20 (PBMC)    | 2.303                   | 2.303     | 16.897                                 |
|    |                                    | 2.55 (GP) 21.75 |                         |           |                                        |
| 32 | Manipur                            | -               | Urban: 85               | 21        | 64                                     |
|    |                                    |                 | Rural: 30               | Nil       | 30                                     |
| 33 | Mizoram                            | 51.8            | 27.84                   | 27.84     | 23.96                                  |
| 34 | Ladakh                             | 18.08           | 3                       | 3         | 15.8                                   |
|    |                                    | Urban: 21.63    | 34.21                   | 4.39      | 17.24                                  |
| 35 | Dadra & Nagar Haveli & Daman & Diu | Rural: 71.08    | (septic tank/ soak pit) | -         | -                                      |
|    |                                    | Total: 92.71    |                         |           |                                        |
| 36 | Jharkhand                          | 452             | Not given               | 123.74    | 328.26                                 |
|    | Total                              | 52,644.00       | 31,885.14               | 22,491.02 | 25,995.26                              |