opensansad/lok-sabha-qa huggingface dataset:
Lok Sabha Question No. 473 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-11-28
Subject: Development of Airports
Ministry: CIVIL AVIATION
Asked by: Com. Selvaraj V, Shri Subbarayan K

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CIVIL AVIATION LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. : 473 (To be answered on the 28 th  November 2024)

## DEVELOPMENT OF AIRPORTS

## 473. COM. SELVARAJ V SHRI SUBBARAYAN K

Will the Minister of CIVIL AVIATION

be pleased to state:-

- (a) whether it is a fact that the Government has prepared a five year plan for development and expansion of more than 50 airports in smaller cities considering the anticipated growth in air travel demand in these cities; and (b) if so, the details thereof along with the cities selected for the said purpose?

## ANSWER

## Minister of State in the Ministry of CIVIL AVIATION

(Shri Murlidhar Mohol)

- (a) & (b): To cater to the growing air travel demand in small cities, the Ministry of Civil Aviation has launched Regional Connectivity Scheme-Ude Desh  ka  Aam  Naagrik  (RCS-UDAN)  to  enhance  remote  and  regional connectivity through development of aviation infrastructure in the country. The scheme envisages revival / upgradation of unserved and underserved airports on its identification through valid bid and subsequent award to the Selected  Airline  Operator  (SAO)  to  operate  the  routes  connecting  the identified  airport.

Government of India approved Rs. 4500 Cr. for revival/upgradation of unserved and underserved Airports/Heliports/Water Aerodromes owned by AAI/State Govt./CPSEs/MoD. An amount of Rs. 1000 Cr. is approved by Government of India in Phase-II of Revival and Development scheme to revive additional 50 airports, heliports water aerodromes and advanced landing grounds for improving regional air connectivity for the period from FY 2023-24 to FY 2025-26.

As on 25.11.2024, 609 RCS routes connecting 86 unserved and underserved airports  (including  13  heliports  and  02  water  aerodromes)  have  been operationalised. Additionally, an expenditure of Rs. 4134 crores has been incurred so far.

- *****
Lok Sabha Question No. 471 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-11-28
Subject: Reduction in Number of  Toll Booths
Ministry: ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS
Asked by: Smt. Geniben Nagaji Thakor

be pleased to state:

- (a)  whether  the  Government  proposes  to  reduce  the  number  of  toll booths;
- (b) if so, the details thereof; and
- (c) the number of toll booths that have been closed during the last three years?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

(SHRI NITIN JAIRAM GADKARI)

- (a) & (b) Fee Plazas are established on the National Highways as per the  applicable  National  Highways  Fee  Rules  and  the  respective Concession Agreement.
- (c) There are a total of 14 user fee plazas have been closed in the past three years on National Highways.

*****

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 471 ANSWERED ON 28 TH  NOVEMBER, 2024

REDUCTION IN NUMBER OF TOLL BOOTHS

471. SMT. GENIBEN NAGAJI THAKOR:

Will the Minister of ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

सड़क परिवहन औि िाजमार्ग मंत्री
Lok Sabha Question No. 467 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-11-28
Subject: Establishment of Urban Infrastructure Development Fund
Ministry: HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS
Asked by: Shri Y S Avinash Reddy

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 467

TO BE ANSWERED ON NOVEMBER 28, 2024

## ESTABLISHMENT OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT FUND

NO. 467. SHRI Y S AVINASH REDDY:

Will the Minister of HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government is contemplating on the establishment of Urban  Infrastructure  Development  Fund  with  a  view  to  develop
- Urban Infrastructure in sustainable manner; and
- (b) if so, the details thereof ?

## ANSWER

MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE (SHRI TOKHAN SAHU)

(a) &  (b) Yes. Government  has  set  up  the  Urban  Infrastructure Development Fund (UIDF) through use of priority sector lending shortfall for creating urban infrastructure in Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities. UIDF aims to supplement  the  efforts  of  the  State  Governments  /  UTs  for  urban infrastructure  development  works  implemented  through  Public/  State Agencies, Municipal Corporations and Urban Local Bodies, by providing a stable and predictable source of financing for providing basic services like Sewerage  and Solid Waste Management,  Water Supply and Sanitation, construction and improvement of drains/ storm water drains, etc. The Fund is managed by the National Housing Bank.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 464 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-11-28
Subject: Shortage of Trained Personnel
Ministry: CIVIL AVIATION
Asked by: Shri Abhishek Banerjee

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CIVIL AVIATION LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. : 464 (To be answered on the 28 th  November 2024)

## SHORTAGE OF TRAINED PERSONNEL

## 464. SHRI ABHISHEK BANERJEE

Will the Minister of CIVIL AVIATION

be pleased to state:-

- (a) whether it is true that there is a shortage of trained personnel across all major Indian airlines;
- (b) if so, the reasons therefor;
- (c) whether it is true that on the fundamental level of education, there is a lack of interest in aero related fields such as aero-space engineering etc.; and
- (d) if so, the details of the number of students enrolled in aero related studies across the country in 2024?

## ANSWER

## Minister of State in the Ministry of CIVIL AVIATION

(Shri Murlidhar Mohol)

- (a) and (b) There is no shortage of trained personnel across all major Indian Airlines.

However, there is shortage of commanders on certain types of aircraft owing to fleet expansion and induction of new type of aircraft. The same is being managed by utilising foreign pilots by issuing Foreign Aircraft Temporary Authorisation (FATA).

- (c) and (d) No such information is available with the Ministry. As per All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) of Department of Higher Education, the total number of students who have enrolled in Aeronautical Engineering at all levels in Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) for 2022-23 is as follows:-

HEIs                                  Total No of Students

University                                   7740

College                                      12551

Standalone Institutions             2385

Total                                         22676

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 463 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-11-28
Subject: Facial Recognition Technology
Ministry: CIVIL AVIATION
Asked by: Shri Raja Ram Singh

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CIVIL AVIATION

## Lok Sabha

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. : 463

( TO BE ANSWERED ON THE  28th November 2024 )

## FACIAL RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY

## 463.    SHRI RAJA RAM SINGH

Will the Minister of CIVIL AVIATION

be pleased to state:-

- (a)  the  protective measures taken to safeguard the data collected at Airports through biometric identification such as facial recognition by Digiyatra;
- (b) whether a committee has been formed to look into the matters related  to  the  use  of  facial  recognition  technology  and  if  so,  the details thereof;
- (c)  whether  the  Government  has  tied  up  with  any  private  or commercial parties for commercial utilization of the data, if so, the details  thereof  citing  names  of  such  companies  and  if  not,  the reasons therefor; and
- (d)  the  steps  taken  by  the  Government  for  the  area  of  data protection law?

## ANSWER

Minister of State in the Ministry of (Shri Murlidhar Mohol)

CIVIL  AVIATION

- (a)  to  (d):  The  Digi  Yatra Central Ecosystem (DYCE) is built on the fundamental  tenets  of  privacy.  There  is  no  central  storage  of passenger's  Personally  Identifiable  Information  (PII)  data.  All  the passenger data is encrypted and stored in the passenger's smartphone wallet and shared only for a limited time duration with the origin airport where passenger ID needs to be validated. No data is  collected  at  the  airports.  The  verifiable  data  of  passenger  used

for  processing  at  the  airports  under  Digi  Yatra  is  purged  from  the system after 24 hours of the departure of the flight. The entire Digi Yatra Central Ecosystem (DYCE) and Digi Yatra apps are compliant with the Digital Personal Data Protection Act. There is  no  Committee  formed  to  look  into  the  matters  related  to the  use  of  facial  recognition  technology.  Government  does  not intend for commercial utilisation of the data.

******
Lok Sabha Question No. 40 (STARRED), answered on 2024-11-27
Subject: Establishment of Energy University
Ministry: NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
Asked by: Shri G Lakshminarayana

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY

## LOK SABHA

## STARRED QUESTION NO. 40

ANSWERED ON 27/11/2024

## ESTABLISHMENT OF ENERGY UNIVERSITY

- *40. SHRI G LAKSHMINARAYANA

Will the Minister of NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Union Government has provided any assistance for the establishment of a world class energy university in Anantapur in the State of Andhra Pradesh considering the region's renewable energy potential;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether the land and other resources necessary for setting up the university have been made available and if so, the details thereof;
- (d) the reasons for the delay in the establishment of the university; and
- (e) the steps being taken by the Union Government to expedite the process of setting up of energy university in Anantapur?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY AND CONSUMER AFFAIRS, & FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION

(SHRI PRALHAD JOSHI)

- (a) to (e) A statement is laid on the table of the House.

## STATEMENT

## Statement referred to in reply to parts (a) to (e) of the Lok Sabha Starred Question No. 40 to be answered on 27/11/2024 regarding 'ESTABLISHMENT OF ENERGY UNIVERSITY'

(a) & (b) No.

(c)  to (e) The question does not arise in view of above. *****
Lok Sabha Question No. 38 (STARRED), answered on 2024-11-27
Subject: Jiyo Parsi Scheme
Ministry: MINORITY AFFAIRS
Asked by: Shri Bhartruhari Mahtab

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF MINORITY AFFAIRS

## LOK SABHA

## STARRED QUESTION NO. *38 ANSWERED ON 27.11.2024

## JIYO PARSI SCHEME

- *38 SHRI BHARTRUHARI MAHTAB: Will the Minister of MINORITY AFFAIRS be pleased to state:-
- (a)        whether the  Government has  launched Jiyo Parsi scheme for Parsi Community, if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor; and
- (b) whether the Government  is also considering to launch such schemes  for other communities, if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF MINORITY AFFAIRS

(SHRI KIREN RIJIJU)

- (a) & (b):  A statement is laid on the Table of the House.

## STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (A) AND (B) OF LOK SABHA STARRED  QUESTION  NO.  *38  ASKED  BY  SHRI  BHARTRUHARI  MAHTAB REGARDING 'JIYO PARSI SCHEME'.

(a) The  population  of  Parsis  (Zoroastrians),  a  notified  minority  community  under  the National Commission of Minorities Act 1992, has declined from 1,14,000 in 1941 to 57,264 in 2011 as per census data. In order to arrest the decline in population and reverse the trend, the Government of India through the Ministry of Minority Affairs formulated the Jiyo Parsi Scheme in September 2013.  The scheme has three components:

i)  Medical  Assistance  -  to  provide  financial  assistance  for  medical  treatment  under standard medical protocol;

ii)  Health  of  Community  -  to  provide  financial  assistance  to  Parsi  couples  towards childcare and assistance to dependent elderly; and iii) Advocacy - to create awareness among the younger generation of marriageable age  and  young  couples  to  make  efforts  to  contain  the  population  decline  of  the community and to seek early diagnosis and treatment where necessary.

The  assistance  under  the  scheme  is  being  released  to  the  beneficiaries  through  Direct Benefit  Transfer  (DBT)  mode  after  biometric  authentication  and  other  verifications  by  the respective State Governments. A scheme guideline is available on Ministry's website (www.minorityaffairs.gov.in).

(b) Presently, there is no such proposal in the Ministry.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 36 (STARRED), answered on 2024-11-27
Subject: Stoppage of Trains at Hosadurga Railway Station (Chitradurga)
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: Shri Govind Makthappa Karjol

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA

## STARRED QUESTION NO. 36 TO BE ANSWERED ON 27.11.2024

## STOPPAGE OF TRAINS AT HOSADURGA RAILWAY STATION (CHITRADURGA)

*36 SHRI GOVIND MAKTHAPPA KARJOL:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

(a)   whether   there   has   been   a   long   standing   demand   for   the   stoppage   of   train No.   17325/17326   (Vishwamanav   Express),   train   No.   16535/16536   (Golgumbaz Express),    train    No.    17309/17310    (Vasco    da    Gama-YPR    daily    express)    and train No.    11005/11035/11021    (Chalukya    Express)    at Hosadurga    Railway Station in Chitradurga District, and if so, the details thereof; (b)    whether    the    Government    has    held    any    meetings    with    zonal    officers regarding stoppage of above said trains, if so, the details thereof; and (c) the reasons    for not    permitting stoppages    of above    said trains    at Hosadurga Railway Station, if any?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF RAILWAYS, INFORMATION & BROADCASTING AND ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

(SHRI ASHWINI VAISHNAW)

(a) to (c) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

*****

STATEMENT REFERRED    TO    IN    REPLY    TO    PARTS    (  a)    TO    (  c)    OF    STARRED QUESTION   NO.   36   BY   SHRI   GOVIND   MAKTHAPPA   KARJOL   TO   BE   ANSWERED IN    LOK SABHA    ON    27.11.2024    REGARDING    STOPPAGE    OF    TRAINS    AT HOSADURGA RAILWAY STATION (CHITRADURGA).

(a)    to    (c)    Proposals/requests/suggestions/    representations,    both    formal    and informal    for    stoppages    of    trains    at    various   stations   across   the   country   are received from Members of Parliament, elected representatives, organizations/rail   users   etc.   at   various   levels   including   Railway   Board,   Zonal Railways, Division Office etc. As receipt of such proposals/complaints/suggestions    is    a    continuous    and    dynamic    process, centralized   compendium   of   such   requests   is   not   maintained.   However,   these are   examined   and   action   as   found   feasible   and   justified   is   taken   from   time   to time. Hosadurga   Road    station    is    presently    being    served    by   8   Mail/Express   and   2 Passenger   train   services.   Additionally,   to   cater   to   the   needs   of   passengers   of Hosadurga Road, stoppage of special train service viz. 06545/06546 Yesvantpur   -   Vijayapura   Special   has   also   been   provided   at   Hosadurga   Road w.e.f    07-03-2023.    Besides,    provision    for    stoppage    of    train    services    is    an ongoing process on Indian Railways subject to traffic justification, operational feasibility, etc.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 33 (STARRED), answered on 2024-11-27
Subject: Construction of Road Under Bridge (RUB) at Nellore
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: Shri Maddila Gurumoorthy

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA

## STARRED QUESTION  NO. 33 TO BE ANSWERED ON 27.11.2024

CONSTRUCTION OF ROAD UNDER BRIDGE (RUB) AT NELLORE

* 33. SHRI MADDILA GURUMOORTHY:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has received proposals for constructing RUB near Venkatachalam at Nellore; and
- (b)  if so, what is the stipulated time for completion of said RUB?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF RAILWAYS, INFORMATION & BROADCASTING AND ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

(SHRI ASHWINI VAISHNAW)

(a) & (b): A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

*****

STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (a)  AND (b) OF STARRED QUESTION NO. 33 BY SHRI MADDILA GURUMOORTHY TO  BE  ANSWERED  IN  LOK  SABHA  ON  27.11.2024  REGARDING CONSTRUCTION OF ROAD UNDER BRIDGE (RUB) AT NELLORE

(a)  &  (b):  Sanctioning  of  works  of  Road  over  Bridge  (ROB)/Road under Bridge (RUB) in lieu of Level crossings (LCs) is a continuous and dynamic process of Indian Railway. Such works are prioritised and  taken  up  on  the  basis  of  its  impact  on  safety  in  train operations, mobility of trains &  impact  for road users  and feasibility etc.

Proposals/requests/suggestions/ representations, both formal and  informal  for  ROBs/RUBs  across  the  country  are  received  on the  basis  of  demands  raised  by  State  Governments,  Members  of Parliament, elected representatives, Railways' own requirements, organizations/rail  users  etc.  at  various  levels  including  Railway Board,  Zonal  Railways,  Division  Office  etc.  As  receipt  of  such proposals/complaints/suggestions  is  a  continuous  and  dynamic process, centralized compendium of such requests is not maintained.  However,  these  are  examined  and  action  as  found feasible and justified is taken from time to time.

Regarding provision of RUB near Venktachalam at Nellore, a work of RUB in lieu of Level Crossing (LC) No. 106 at Km. 155/1214  on  Gudur-Vijaywada  section  has  been  taken  up  as  a  part  of Vijaywada-Gudur station 3 rd  line project. In addition a work of ROB in lieu of LC No. 107 at Venkatachalam yard at cost of ₹ 50 crore has also been sanctioned.

Completion & commissioning of ROB/RUB works depends on various factors like cooperation of  State Governments in giving consent for closure of LC,  fixing of approach alignment, approval of General Arrangement Drawing (GAD), land acquisition, removal of encroachment, shifting of infringing utilities, statutory clearances  from  various  authorities,   law  and  order  situation  in the area of project / work sites,  duration of working season in a year  for  the  particular  project  /  area   due  to  climatic  conditions etc.  All these factors affect the completion time of the projects / works.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 21 (STARRED), answered on 2024-11-27
Subject: Laws to Check Vulgar Content on Social Media
Ministry: INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING
Asked by: Shri Arun Govil

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & BROADCASTING

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 21

TO BE ANSWERED ON 27.11.2024

LAWS TO CHECK VULGAR CONTENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA

*21 SHRI ARUN GOVIL:

Will the Minister of INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING be pleased to state:

- (a) the existing mechanism to check telecast of vulgar and sex related content through social media platforms illegally; and
- (b) whether the Government proposes to make the existing laws more stringent  keeping  in  view  the  fact  that  the  said  laws  are  not  much effective to stop misuse of these platforms?

## ANSWER

MINISTER  OF  INFORMATION  AND  BROADCASTING,  MINISTER  OF RAILWAYS  AND  MINISTER  OF  ELECTRONICS  AND  INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

## (SHRI ASHWINI VAISHNAW)

(a) to (b):- A statement is laid on the Table of the House.

STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (a)  TO  (b)  OF  LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO *21 FOR ANSWER ON 27.11.2024 (a)  to  (b):-  The  Government  has  notified  Information  Technology (Intermediary  Guidelines  and  Digital  Media  Ethics  Code)  Rules,  2021 (IT Rules, 2021) on 25th February, 2021 under Information Technology Act, 2000. These Rules provide for a Code of Ethics for publishers of online  curated  content  (OTT  platforms)  which,  inter  alia,  require  the publishers not to transmit any content which is prohibited by law for the time being in force and to undertake age based classification of content into 5 categories, based on general guidelines provided in the Schedule to the Rules. The Code also provides that the OTT Platform will put in place adequate safeguard for restricting age inappropriate content for children. In March 2024, the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting has taken action  and  blocked  18  OTT  platforms  for    publishing  obscene  and vulgar  content    under  the  provisions    of  section  79(3)(b)  of  IT  Act, 2000. So  far  as  the  content    on    intermediary  platforms    like  YouTube, Facebook, etc. is concerned, IT Rules, 2021  cast obligation on such platforms to make reasonable efforts by itself  and   to cause the user of  their    computer  resource  to  not    host,  display,  upload,  modify, publish,  transmit,  etc.    knowingly  and  intentionally  any  information which  is  obscene,  pornographic,  paedophilic,  invasive  of  another's privacy, including bodily privacy, insulting or harassing on the basis of gender, racially or ethnically objectionable, or that is harmful to child.

****
Lok Sabha Question No. 460 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-11-27
Subject: Analogue Mission in Tibet Region by ISRO
Ministry: SPACE
Asked by: Shri Dhairyasheel Sambhajirao Mane, Shri Sudheer Gupta

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA DEPARTMENT OF SPACE LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 460

## TO BE ANSWERED ON WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 2024 ANALOGUE MISSION IN TIBET REGION BY ISRO

## 460. SHRI DHAIRYASHEEL SAMBHAJIRAO MANE: SHRI SUDHEER GUPTA:

Will the PRIME MINISTER be pleased to state:

- (a) whether Indian Space  Research Organisation (ISRO) has launched  its  first  analogue  mission  in  Tibet  region  of  the country and if so, the details thereof;
- (b) the aims and objectives of this mission;
- (c) whether the Government is planning to send its first human to space  under  the  Gaganyan  Mission  and  if  so,  the  details thereof;
- (d) the  manner  in  which  this  analogue  mission  will  be  a  game changer in sending the first Indian to space;
- (e) whether ISRO is also planning to set up its first space centre by the year 2035 and if so, the details thereof; and
- (f) the  details  of  the  progress  made  in  this  regard  and  total amount of expenditure likely to be incurred on the mission?? ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES & PENSIONS AND IN THE PRIME MINISTER'S OFFICE (DR. JITENDRA SINGH):

****

- a) First  analogue  space  mission  was  carried  out  in  Leh,  as  a collaborative effort by ISRO, AAKA Space Studio, University of Ladakh, IIT Bombay and supported by Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council.
- b) Aim  and  objectives  are  to  simulate  life  in  an  interplanetary habitat to tackle the challenges of a base station beyond Earth.
- c) Yes, Sir. ISRO is targeting the first human  space  flight demonstration mission under the Gaganyaan programme by end of 2026. The Gaganyaan Programme envisages undertaking the human  spaceflight  to  Low  Earth  Orbit  (LEO)  and  to  lay  the foundation of technologies needed for an Indian human space exploration programme in the long run.
- d) Objectives of this analogue side mission are not linked with the planned first human space flight demonstration mission, targeted in 2026.
- e) Yes, Sir. ISRO is planning to set up its first space centre (space station) i.e Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS) by 2035. BAS will be the first National Space Laboratory to conduct multidisciplinary  microgravity  experiments  and  studies  in  the fields  of  Science,  Technologies,  Medicine,  Agriculture,  Space manufacturing,  among  others.  BAS  will  also  be  acting  as platform  for  global  &  national  collaboration,  gateway  to  lunar exploration & beyond and to help boosting the Space Economy of the country.

f) ISRO has initiated development of various technologies for the Bharatiya Antariksh Station. These technologies will be demonstrated through precursor missions for BAS, which have been  recently  approved  as  part  of  revision  in  Gaganyaan programme. With a net additional funding of ₹11,170 Cr in the already  approved  programme,  the  total  revised  funding  of Gaganyaan Programme with enhanced scope is ₹20,193 Cr. ****