Lok Sabha Question No. 4461 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-03-27
Subject: Water Scarcity in Kashmir due to Climate Change
Ministry: JAL SHAKTI
Asked by: Smt. Jyotsna Charandas Mahant

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF JAL SHAKTI

## DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT & GANGA REJUVENATION

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 4461

ANSWERED ON 27.03.2025

## WATER SCARCITY IN KASHMIR DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGE

## 4461. SMT. JYOTSNA CHARANDAS MAHANT

Will the Minister of JAL SHAKTI be pleased to state:

(a) whether the Government is aware of the recent water crisis in Kashmir including the drying up of springs and streams and if so, the details thereof;

(b) the data on groundwater levels, glacial melt rates and average annual precipitation in Kashmir during the last five years and the current year along with the data on water availability, district-wise; and

(c) the specific measures taken/being taken by the Government to mitigate water scarcity in the region and to address the broader impacts of climate change on water resources?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR JAL SHAKTI

## ( SHRI RAJ BHUSHAN CHOUDHARY )

(a) As reported by the Government of Jammu & Kashmir, there is no widespread water crisis in Kashmir. However,  some  water  sources,  especially  springs  got  depleted/dried  up,  which  resulted  in  shortage  of drinking water in few areas being fed from these sources. However, the Government has provided potable drinking water to all inhabitants through alternate means. Further, the J&K Government has informed that in recent days, precipitation has occurred, leading to the recharge of springs/nallah sources, thereby enhancing water  availability.  Central  Ground  Water  Board  (CGWB)  monitors  groundwater  levels  throughout  the country  on  a  regional  scale  including  Kashmir,  in  every  year  during  the  months  of  March/April/May, August,  November  and  January.   In  addition  to  monitoring  dug  wells  and  piezometers,  CGWB  also monitors six springs in the hilly  areas  of  Kashmir.  A  comparison  of  the  discharge  rates  of  these  springs between November 2023 and November 2024 is presented in Annexure-I . The data indicates a decline in spring  discharge  in  Baramulla,  Srinagar,  and  Kulgam  districts.  Conversely,  in  Ganderbal  District,  an improvement in discharge levels has been observed.

(b) The district-wise data on groundwater levels during the last five years and the current year in respect of Kashmir is presented in Annexure-II . As reported by the Government of Jammu & Kashmir, research on glacier  melt  rates  is  carried  out  by  various  organizations,  including  academic  institutions  such  as  the University  of  Kashmir.  Satellite  imagery  from  the  Department  of  Environment  and  Remote  Sensing indicates that several glaciers in the region are receding. The annual average precipitation data for the past five  years,  as  provided  by  the  India  Meteorological  Department  (IMD),  is  enclosed  as Annexure-III . Additionally, district-wise water availability figures, as recorded in the UT Spatial Atlas of Water (UTSAP

on  Water),  are  enclosed  as Annexure-IV .  The  district-wise  details  of  ground  water  availability  (annual extractable  groundwater  resources)  in  last  5  assessment  years  viz.  Ground  Water  Resource  Assessment (GWRA) 2020, 22, 2023 & 2024 in respect of Kashmir is provided in Annexure-V .

(c) Water  being  a  State  subject,  the  aspects  related  to  water  resources  including  its  conservation  are studied, planned, funded and executed by the State Governments themselves as per their own resources and priorities. As reported by the Government of Jammu & Kashmir, the Public Health Engineering (PHE) wing of  the  Jal  Shakti  Department,  Jammu  &  Kashmir,  conducts  periodic  reviews  to  ensure  an  adequate  and uninterrupted  water  supply  in  terms  of  both  quality  and  quantity.  Proactive  measures  are  taken  in anticipation of seasonal changes, and necessary steps are implemented to prepare for winter and summer challenges. In cases of water shortages, raw water is diverted at sources and water supply schemes through the construction of stone and muthu bunds. Additionally, tanker services are deployed to affected areas, with 82 departmental tankers currently operational in the Kashmir region. More tankers have been mobilized to cater to vulnerable areas. To ensure effective response and coordination, control rooms have been set up at the  district  level  with  dedicated  helpline  facilities  working  in  close  collaboration  with  the  district administration.

In the irrigation sector, nearly 98% of irrigated areas in Kashmir depend on surface water sources. The primary impact of low precipitation is observed in lift irrigation schemes, for which various measures have been adopted to maintain functionality during periods of low water levels. These include desilting and channelization of intake channels to facilitate water entry, installation of horizontal drought pumps at the lowest possible contour levels to maximize water collection, and extension of suction lines to improve water lifting capacity. Additionally, if required, drought pumps are installed on an emergency basis depending on the severity of the situation.

To address the long-term impacts of climate change on water resources, several initiatives have been launched  under  the  Jal  Shakti  Abhiyan:  Catch  the  Rain  campaign.  These  include  the  rejuvenation  and protection  of  springs  through  spring  shed  development,  catchment  area  treatment  to  improve  water retention,  conservation  and  restoration  of  water  bodies  to  enhance  storage  capacity,  and  promotion  of rainwater  harvesting  to  augment  local  water  availability.  These  efforts  are  aimed  at  ensuring  sustainable water management and enhancing resilience against climate-induced water challenges in the region.

***

## ANNEXURE-I

ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 4461  TO  BE  ANSWERED  IN  LOK  SABHA  ON  27.03.2025  REGARDING  'WATER SCARCITY IN KASHMIR DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGE'.

## Comparison of the discharge rates of the springs in Kashmir between November 2023 and November 2024

|   S.No. | Location      | District   |   Discharge Rate (LPM) during Nov. 2023 |   Discharge Rate (LPM) during Nov. 2024 |
|---------|---------------|------------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|
|       1 | Colony Bagh   | Baramulla  |                                  120    |                                   30.36 |
|       2 | Cheshmashahi  | Srinagar   |                                   48    |                                   43.47 |
|       3 | Gohbal        | Ganderbal  |                                  600    |                                  720    |
|       4 | TengporaGiraj | Ganderbal  |                                 1200    |                                 3600    |
|       5 | Lar           | Ganderbal  |                                   19.18 |                                   19.49 |
|       6 | Parigam Bala  | Kulgam     |                                   28.9  |                                   16.71 |

ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (b) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 4461  TO  BE  ANSWERED  IN  LOK  SABHA  ON  27.03.2025  REGARDING  'WATER SCARCITY IN KASHMIR DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGE'.

| Table 1. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells - August 2021   | Table 1. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells - August 2021   | Table 1. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells - August 2021   | Table 1. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells - August 2021   | Table 1. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells - August 2021   | Table 1. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells - August 2021   | Table 1. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells - August 2021   | Table 1. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells - August 2021   | Table 1. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells - August 2021   | Table 1. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells - August 2021   | Table 1. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells - August 2021   | Table 1. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells - August 2021   | Table 1. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells - August 2021   |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| S.No.                                                                                         | District                                                                                      | No. Of wells Analysed                                                                         | Number of Wells Showing Depth to Water Level (mbgl) in the Range of                           | Number of Wells Showing Depth to Water Level (mbgl) in the Range of                           | Number of Wells Showing Depth to Water Level (mbgl) in the Range of                           | Number of Wells Showing Depth to Water Level (mbgl) in the Range of                           | Number of Wells Showing Depth to Water Level (mbgl) in the Range of                           | Number of Wells Showing Depth to Water Level (mbgl) in the Range of                           | Number of Wells Showing Depth to Water Level (mbgl) in the Range of                           | Number of Wells Showing Depth to Water Level (mbgl) in the Range of                           | Number of Wells Showing Depth to Water Level (mbgl) in the Range of                           | Number of Wells Showing Depth to Water Level (mbgl) in the Range of                           |
|                                                                                               |                                                                                               |                                                                                               | 0-2                                                                                           | 0-2                                                                                           | 2-5                                                                                           | 2-5                                                                                           | 5-10                                                                                          | 5-10                                                                                          | 10-20                                                                                         | 10-20                                                                                         | > 20                                                                                          | > 20                                                                                          |
|                                                                                               |                                                                                               |                                                                                               | No.                                                                                           | %                                                                                             | No.                                                                                           | %                                                                                             | No.                                                                                           | %                                                                                             | No.                                                                                           | %                                                                                             | No.                                                                                           | %                                                                                             |
| 1.                                                                                            | Anantnag                                                                                      | NA                                                                                            | NA                                                                                            | NA                                                                                            | NA                                                                                            | NA                                                                                            | NA                                                                                            | NA                                                                                            | NA                                                                                            | NA                                                                                            | NA                                                                                            | NA                                                                                            |
| 2.                                                                                            | Baramulla                                                                                     | 19                                                                                            | 10                                                                                            | 52.6                                                                                          | 9                                                                                             | 47.4                                                                                          | 0                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                           | 0                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                           | 0                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                           |
| 3.                                                                                            | Kupwara                                                                                       | 24                                                                                            | 2                                                                                             | 8.3                                                                                           | 18                                                                                            | 75.0                                                                                          | 3                                                                                             | 12.5                                                                                          | 1                                                                                             | 4.2                                                                                           | 0                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                           |
| 4.                                                                                            | Ganderbal                                                                                     | 1                                                                                             | 0                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                           | 0                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                           | 1                                                                                             | 100.0                                                                                         | 0                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                           | 0                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                           |
| 5.                                                                                            | Pulwama                                                                                       | 3                                                                                             | 1                                                                                             | 33.3                                                                                          | 0                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                           | 1                                                                                             | 33.3                                                                                          | 1                                                                                             | 33.3                                                                                          | 0                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                           |
| 6.                                                                                            | Srinagar                                                                                      | 3                                                                                             | 0                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                           | 1                                                                                             | 33.3                                                                                          | 2                                                                                             | 66.7                                                                                          | 0                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                           | 0                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                           |
|                                                                                               | Total                                                                                         | 50                                                                                            | 13                                                                                            | 26.0                                                                                          | 28                                                                                            | 56.0                                                                                          | 7                                                                                             | 14.0                                                                                          | 2                                                                                             | 4.0                                                                                           | 0                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                           |

| Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   | Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   | Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   | Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   | Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   | Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   | Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   | Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   | Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   | Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   | Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   | Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   | Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   | Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   | Table 2. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2022   |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Sr. No.                                                                                            | District Name                                                                                      | No of wells analysed                                                                               | No./Percentage (mbgl) in the 0 to                                                                  | 2                                                                                                  | 2 to 5                                                                                             | 2 to 5                                                                                             | of 5 to 10                                                                                         | of 5 to 10                                                                                         | 10 to 20                                                                                           | 10 to 20                                                                                           | 20 to 40                                                                                           | 20 to 40                                                                                           | > 40                                                                                               | > 40                                                                                               |
|                                                                                                    |                                                                                                    |                                                                                                    | No.                                                                                                | %                                                                                                  | No.                                                                                                | %                                                                                                  | No.                                                                                                | %                                                                                                  | No.                                                                                                | %                                                                                                  | No.                                                                                                | %                                                                                                  | No.                                                                                                | %                                                                                                  |
| 1                                                                                                  | Baramulla                                                                                          | 16                                                                                                 | 7                                                                                                  | 43.8                                                                                               | 8                                                                                                  | 50.0                                                                                               | 1                                                                                                  | 6.3                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                |
| 2                                                                                                  | Ganderbal                                                                                          | 1                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 1                                                                                                  | 100.0                                                                                              | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                |
| 3                                                                                                  | Kupwara                                                                                            | 32                                                                                                 | 12                                                                                                 | 37.5                                                                                               | 17                                                                                                 | 53.1                                                                                               | 2                                                                                                  | 6.3                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 1                                                                                                  | 3.1                                                                                                |
| 4                                                                                                  | Pulwama                                                                                            | 2                                                                                                  | 1                                                                                                  | 50.0                                                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 1                                                                                                  | 50.0                                                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                |
| 5                                                                                                  | Srinagar                                                                                           | 3                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 1                                                                                                  | 33.3                                                                                               | 2                                                                                                  | 66.7                                                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                |
| Total                                                                                              | Total                                                                                              | 54                                                                                                 | 20                                                                                                 | 37.0                                                                                               | 26                                                                                                 | 48.1                                                                                               | 5                                                                                                  | 9.3                                                                                                | 2                                                                                                  | 3.7                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 1                                                                                                  | 1.9                                                                                                |

| Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   | Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   | Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   | Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   | Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   | Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   | Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   | Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   | Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   | Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   | Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   | Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   | Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   | Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   | Table 3. Depth to Water Level Distribution of Percentage of Observation Wells Post- Monsoon 2023   |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Sr. No.                                                                                            | District Name                                                                                      | No of wells analysed                                                                               | No./Percentage of wells showing depth to water level (mbgl) in the range of                        | No./Percentage of wells showing depth to water level (mbgl) in the range of                        | No./Percentage of wells showing depth to water level (mbgl) in the range of                        | No./Percentage of wells showing depth to water level (mbgl) in the range of                        | No./Percentage of wells showing depth to water level (mbgl) in the range of                        | No./Percentage of wells showing depth to water level (mbgl) in the range of                        | No./Percentage of wells showing depth to water level (mbgl) in the range of                        | No./Percentage of wells showing depth to water level (mbgl) in the range of                        | No./Percentage of wells showing depth to water level (mbgl) in the range of                        | No./Percentage of wells showing depth to water level (mbgl) in the range of                        | No./Percentage of wells showing depth to water level (mbgl) in the range of                        | No./Percentage of wells showing depth to water level (mbgl) in the range of                        |
|                                                                                                    |                                                                                                    |                                                                                                    | 0 to 2                                                                                             | 0 to 2                                                                                             | 2 to 5                                                                                             | 2 to 5                                                                                             | 5 to 10                                                                                            | 5 to 10                                                                                            | 10 to 20                                                                                           | 10 to 20                                                                                           | 20 to 40                                                                                           | 20 to 40                                                                                           | > 40                                                                                               | > 40                                                                                               |
|                                                                                                    |                                                                                                    |                                                                                                    | No.                                                                                                | %                                                                                                  | No.                                                                                                | %                                                                                                  | No.                                                                                                | %                                                                                                  | No.                                                                                                | %                                                                                                  | No.                                                                                                | %                                                                                                  | No.                                                                                                | %                                                                                                  |
| 1                                                                                                  | Bandipora                                                                                          | 4                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 4                                                                                                  | 100.0                                                                                              | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                |
| 2                                                                                                  | Baramulla                                                                                          | 22                                                                                                 | 6                                                                                                  | 27.3                                                                                               | 15                                                                                                 | 68.2                                                                                               | 1                                                                                                  | 4.5                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                |
| 3                                                                                                  | Ganderbal                                                                                          | 2                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 1                                                                                                  | 50.0                                                                                               | 1                                                                                                  | 50.0                                                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                |
| 4                                                                                                  | Kupwara                                                                                            | 44                                                                                                 | 11                                                                                                 | 25.0                                                                                               | 25                                                                                                 | 56.8                                                                                               | 8                                                                                                  | 18.2                                                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                |
| 5                                                                                                  | Pulwama                                                                                            | 2                                                                                                  | 1                                                                                                  | 50.0                                                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 1                                                                                                  | 50.0                                                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                |
| 6                                                                                                  | Srinagar                                                                                           | 3                                                                                                  | 1                                                                                                  | 33.3                                                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 2                                                                                                  | 66.7                                                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                |
| Total                                                                                              | Total                                                                                              | 77                                                                                                 | 19                                                                                                 | 24.7                                                                                               | 45                                                                                                 | 58.4                                                                                               | 12                                                                                                 | 15.6                                                                                               | 1                                                                                                  | 1.3                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                  | 0.0                                                                                                |

| Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   | Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   | Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   | Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   | Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   | Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   | Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   | Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   | Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   | Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   | Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   | Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   | Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   | Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   | Table 4. Depth of Water Level and Distribution of Percentage of Wells for the period of Postmonsoon-2024   |
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| S.No.                                                                                                      | District                                                                                                   | No of well analysed                                                                                        | No./Percentage (mbgl) in                                                                                   | No./Percentage (mbgl) in                                                                                   | of range of 2 to 5                                                                                         | of range of 2 to 5                                                                                         | wells showing 5 to                                                                                         | wells showing 5 to                                                                                         | 10 10 to                                                                                                   | 10 10 to                                                                                                   | to 20 to 40                                                                                                | water                                                                                                      | level > 40                                                                                                 | level > 40                                                                                                 |
|                                                                                                            |                                                                                                            |                                                                                                            | No                                                                                                         | %                                                                                                          | No                                                                                                         | %                                                                                                          | No                                                                                                         | %                                                                                                          | No                                                                                                         | %                                                                                                          | No                                                                                                         | %                                                                                                          | No                                                                                                         | %                                                                                                          |
| 1                                                                                                          | Bandipora                                                                                                  | 1                                                                                                          | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 1                                                                                                          | 100.0                                                                                                      | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        |
| 2                                                                                                          | Baramulla                                                                                                  | 19                                                                                                         | 3                                                                                                          | 15.8                                                                                                       | 14                                                                                                         | 73.7                                                                                                       | 2                                                                                                          | 10.5                                                                                                       | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        |
| 3                                                                                                          | Ganderbal                                                                                                  | 1                                                                                                          | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 1                                                                                                          | 100.0                                                                                                      | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        |
| 4                                                                                                          | Kupwara                                                                                                    | 37                                                                                                         | 11                                                                                                         | 29.7                                                                                                       | 19                                                                                                         | 51.4                                                                                                       | 7                                                                                                          | 18.9                                                                                                       | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        |
| 5                                                                                                          | Pulwama                                                                                                    | 2                                                                                                          | 1                                                                                                          | 50.0                                                                                                       | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 1                                                                                                          | 50.0                                                                                                       | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        |
| Total                                                                                                      | Total                                                                                                      | 60                                                                                                         | 15                                                                                                         | 25.0                                                                                                       | 34                                                                                                         | 56.7                                                                                                       | 9                                                                                                          | 15.0                                                                                                       | 2                                                                                                          | 3.3                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                          | 0.0                                                                                                        |

## ANNEXURE-III

ANNEXURE  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PART  (b)  OF  UNSTARRED  QUESTION  NO.  4461  TO  BE  ANSWERED  IN  LOK  SABHA  ON 27.03.2025 REGARDING 'WATER SCARCITY IN KASHMIR DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGE'.

## Average Annual Rainfall for Kashmir Valley in last five years as per IMD

|                  | 2020   | 2020         | 2020      | 2021   | 2021         | 2021      | 2022   | 2022   | 2022      | 2023   | 2023   | 2023      | 2024   | 2024         | 2024      |
|------------------|--------|--------------|-----------|--------|--------------|-----------|--------|--------|-----------|--------|--------|-----------|--------|--------------|-----------|
|                  |        | ActualNormal | Departure |        | ActualNormal | Departure | Actual | Normal | Departure | Actual | Normal | Departure |        | ActualNormal | Departure |
| ANANTNAG         | 658.8  | 967.4        | -32       | 749.5  | 967.4        | -23       | 817.4  | 967.4  | -16       | 943.2  | 967.4  | -3        | 641.9  | 967.4        | -34       |
| BADGAM           | 446.5  | 717.1        | -38       | 605.1  | 717.1        | -16       | 665.2  | 717.1  | -7        | 770.4  | 717.1  | -34       | 654.5  | 717.1        | -37       |
| BANDIPORE        | 394.8  | 774.1        | -49       | 525.2  | 774.1        | -32       | 476.8  | 774.1  | -38       | 613.2  | 774.1  | -21       | 523.7  | 774.1        | -32       |
| BARAMULA         | 742.2  | 920.9        | -19       | 976.2  | 920.9        | 6         | 916.0  | 920.9  | -1        | 932.7  | 920.9  | 1         | 854.1  | 920.9        | -7        |
| GANDERBAL        | 997.5  | 914.4        | 9         | 1076.5 | 914.4        | 18        | 650.3  | 914.4  | -29       | 844.6  | 914.4  | -8        | 605.0  | 914.4        | -34       |
| KULGAM           | 967.6  | 1228.1       | -21       | 1015.7 | 1228.1       | -17       | 915.1  | 1228.1 | -25       | 1095.6 | 1228.1 | -11       | 771.6  | 1228.1       | -37       |
| KUPWARA          | 1150.4 | 1057.1       | 9         | 839.2  | 1057.1       | -21       | 725.6  | 1057.1 | -31       | 750.5  | 1057.1 | -29       | 803.0  | 1057.1       | -24       |
| PULWAMA          | 396.9  | 578.7        | -31       | 582.6  | 578.7        | 1         | 536.8  | 578.7  | -7        | 583.6  | 578.7  | 1         | 463.1  | 578.7        | -20       |
| SHOPIAN          | 93.0   | 806.9        | -88       | 355.0  | 806.9        | -56       | 287.2  | 806.9  | -64       | 526.2  | 806.9  | -47       | 185.0  | 806.9        | -77       |
| SRINAGAR         | 659.8  | 815.7        | -19       | 943.4  | 815.7        | 16        | 801.4  | 815.7  | -2        | 784.5  | 815.7  | -4        | 683.6  | 815.7        | -16       |
| Kashmir Division | 650.8  | 878.0        | -28.0     | 766.8  | 878.0        | -12.4     | 679.2  | 878.0  | -22.1     | 744.5  | 878.0  | -15.4     | 598.6  | 878.0        | -31.8     |

ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (b) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 4461  TO  BE  ANSWERED  IN  LOK  SABHA  ON  27.03.2025  REGARDING  'WATER SCARCITY IN KASHMIR DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGE'.

## District wise and UT water balance

|   S.No. | Districts   | Total Water Storage(inMCM   |   Total Water Demand inMCM |   Water Balance, inMCM |   Water Balance, in % |
|---------|-------------|-----------------------------|----------------------------|------------------------|-----------------------|
|       1 | Anantnag    | 19797.74                    |                   3161.27  |               16636.5  |                 84.03 |
|       2 | Badgam      | 9700.07                     |                   1204.85  |                8495.22 |                 87.58 |
|       3 | Bandipore   | 16765.27                    |                    790.091 |               15975.2  |                 95.29 |
|       4 | Baramulla   | 14070.24                    |                   1640.65  |               12429.6  |                 88.34 |
|       5 | Doda        | 16428.64                    |                   1027.42  |               15401.2  |                 93.75 |
|       6 | Ganderbal   | 11381.95                    |                    861.649 |               10520.3  |                 92.43 |
|       7 | Jammu       | 19024.76                    |                   3259.95  |               15764.8  |                 82.86 |
|       8 | Kathua      | 20086.88                    |                   2149.57  |               17937.3  |                 89.3  |
|       9 | Kishtwar    | 66167.14                    |                    603.956 |               65563.2  |                 99.09 |
|      10 | Kulgam      | 8393.56                     |                    251.517 |                8142.04 |                 97    |
|      11 | Kupwara     | 19252.41                    |                   2338.02  |               16914.4  |                 87.86 |
|      12 | Poonch      | 9037.72                     |                   1275.96  |                7761.76 |                 85.88 |
|      13 | Pulwama     | 7663.22                     |                   1288.39  |                6374.83 |                 83.19 |
|      14 | Rajouri     | 16838.14                    |                   1872.84  |               14965.3  |                 88.88 |
|      15 | Ramban      | 7792.46                     |                    849.363 |                6943.09 |                 89.1  |
|      16 | Reasi       | 16823.96                    |                    826.286 |               15997.7  |                 95.09 |
|      17 | Samba       | 8595.36                     |                   1016.95  |                7578.41 |                 88.17 |
|      18 | Shopian     | 6108.87                     |                    540.797 |                5568.08 |                 91.15 |
|      19 | Srinagar    | 10662.36                    |                   2510.76  |                8151.6  |                 76.45 |
|      20 |             | Udhampur19988.46            |                   1403.87  |               18584.6  |                 92.98 |
|      21 | UT-JK       | 324579.20                   |                  28874.2   |              295705    |                 91.1  |

## ANNEXURE-V

ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (b) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 4461 TO  BE  ANSWERED  IN  LOK  SABHA  ON  27.03.2025  REGARDING  'WATER  SCARCITY  IN KASHMIR DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGE'.

## District-wise data on ground water availability of Kashmir in last 5 assessment years

| S. No.   | District    |   Annual Extractable Ground Water Resource (Ham) 2020 |   Annual Extractable Ground Water Resource (Ham) 2022 |   Annual Extractable Ground Water Resource (Ham) 2023 |   Annual Extractable Ground Water Resource (Ham) 2024 |
|----------|-------------|-------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|
| 1        | Anantnag    |                                              19597.1  |                                              24866.7  |                                              24866.7  |                                              12550.7  |
| 2        | Bandipora   |                                               3243.23 |                                               1177.37 |                                               1177.37 |                                               5839.38 |
| 3        | Baramulla   |                                              51113.8  |                                              59583.8  |                                              57935.5  |                                              15441.9  |
| 4        | Budgam      |                                              38062.4  |                                              28295.8  |                                              28295.8  |                                               4765.08 |
| 5        | Ganderbal   |                                               2729.98 |                                               1009.45 |                                               1078.04 |                                                845.77 |
| 6        | Kulgam      |                                               8440.71 |                                              12439.4  |                                              12439.4  |                                               6130.63 |
| 7        | Kupwara     |                                              30587.5  |                                              33284.5  |                                              33284.5  |                                               5623.96 |
| 8        | Pulwama     |                                              21462.9  |                                              25243.9  |                                              24779.2  |                                               6055.28 |
| 9        | Shopian     |                                              13500.8  |                                              16266.6  |                                              16266.6  |                                               6646.22 |
| 10       | Srinagar    |                                              12884.4  |                                              10968.9  |                                              10434.9  |                                              10986.7  |
|          | Total (Ham) |                                             201623    |                                             213136    |                                             210563    |                                              74885.6  |

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