Lok Sabha Question No. 2418 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-08-04
Subject: Effluent Treatment Plants
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Dr. Shrikant Eknath Shinde, Shri Ravindra Dattaram Waikar, Smt. Shambhavi, Shri Naresh Ganpat Mhaske

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2418

TO BE ANSWERED ON 04.08.2025

## Effluent Treatment Plants

2418.   SMT. SHAMBHAVI: DR. SHRIKANT EKNATH SHINDE: SHRI NARESH GANPAT MHASKE: SHRI RAVINDRA DATTARAM WAIKAR:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) the total number of industries currently equipped with functional Effluent Treatment Plants (ETPs) across the country, State-wise;
- (b) the  data  on  the  percentage  of  industries  in  compliance  with  prescribed  effluent discharge standards;
- (c) the action taken against industries for non-compliance with wastewater treatment norms during last three year and the current year, sector-wise along with the current status of implementation of Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) in water-stressed industrial zones;
- (d) the details of the initiatives taken/proposed to be taken to promote the installation and upgradation  of  ETPs  and  Common  Effluent  Treatment  Plants  (CETPs)  in  industrial clusters, and to ensure the compliance of environmental norms related to the treatment of industrial wastewater; and
- (e) whether  the  Government  is  considering  to  mandate  treated  wastewater  reuse  in industrial cooling, construction and landscaping to reduce freshwater consumption, if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND CLIMATE CHANGE

(SHRI KIRTI VARDHAN SINGH)

(a) to (d)

As per the available records, there are total 69,854 industries which requires ETP as identified by SPCBs/PCCs. out of which, 67,956 industries are having functional ETPs. The state wise details are provided in Annexure I .  Action as deemed fit for the industries without ETP and non-complying  with  the  standards  has  been  taken  by  concerned  SPCBs/PCCs  as  per  the provisions of environmental laws. It is observed that around 98 percent of industries are in compliance with the prescribed effluent discharge standards;

CPCB has directed all 17 categories of high pollution potential industries and common waste treatment facilities across the Country and Grossly Polluting Industries of Ganga basin to install Online  Continuous  Effluent/  Emission  Monitoring  Systems  (OCEMS)  for  strengthening monitoring  mechanism  and  effective  compliance  through  self-regulatory  mechanism  and constant vigil on pollution levels. Real-time values of environmental pollutants of trade effluent and  emissions  generated  through  OCEMS  are  transmitted  online  to  CPCB  and  concerned SPCB/PCC on 24x7 basis. Central software processes the data and in case of value of pollutant parameter exceeds prescribed environmental norms, an automatic SMS alert is generated and sent  to  industrial  unit,  SPCB  and  CPCB,  so  that  corrective  measures  can  be  taken  by  the industry immediately and appropriate action can be taken by concerned SPCB/PCC/CPCB.

CPCB carries out surprise inspection-cum-monitoring of 17 categories industries and common waste treatment facilities including Grossly Polluting  Industries of  Ganga  basin,  which  are selected randomly based on SMS alerts, generated through Online Continuous Effluent/Emission Monitoring Systems (OCEMS), installed in these industries. In case of noncompliance observed, action as deemed fit is taken as per the provisions of the environmental laws. Out  of  4538  GPIs in the country as on  June, 2025, 608 GPIs  were found to  be noncomplying  with  Environmental  Standards.  Action  (Closure  Directions:  36;  Show  Cause Notices:  571;  Directives:  1)  has  been  taken  against  the  608  GPIs  that  were  found  noncomplying with environmental norms, as per the provisions of the environmental laws.

During last three years, CPCB has inspected a total of 366 units based on OCEMS data, out of which  192  units  were  found  non-complying  with  environmental  norms.  Action  (Closure Directions: 5; Show Cause Notices: 116; Directives: 22; Directions to SPCBs/PCCs: 49) was taken against the 192 units found non-complying with environmental norms.

There are a total of 222 Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) operating across India, out  of  which  53  CETPs  are  designed  to  achieve  Zero  Liquid  Discharge  (ZLD),  located  in various states. The sector-wise distribution of ZLD CETPs is provided in Annexure II . These CETPs cater to the treatment of industrial wastewater from diverse sectors such as textiles, tanneries, electroplating, pharmaceuticals, and mixed industries, etc.

Further, The National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG), under the Ministry of Jal Shakti (MoJS), issued directions under Section 5 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, to certain textile and pulp & paper industries, as well as to select Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs). NMCG has taken the initiative to upgrade existing CETPs and establish new ones in tannery and textile clusters located in the Ganga and Yamuna basins. These are Jajmau CETP (20 MLD), Banthar CETP (4.5 MLD), and Mathura CETP (6.25 MLD).

- (e) In  order  to  facilitate  industries  for  adoption  of  cleaner  technology,  waste  minimization practices, augmentation & upgradation of ETPs, CPCB in association with various State Govt. dept.  and  knowledge  partners,  has  formulated  Charters  through  participatory  approach  for major industrial sectors namely Pulp & Paper (2012, 2015 & 2024), Sugar (2018 & 2025), Distillery (2018), Textile (2019) and Tannery (2022). These charters emphasize on reduction in specific freshwater consumption, effluent generation and reuse/recycle of treated effluent, Self-monitoring  and  reporting  by  strict  metering  and  maintenance  of  logbook  &  records, Training and capacity building to strengthen environmental management cell and laboratory etc. Ministry of Jal Shakti has issued a 'National framework on safe reuse of treated water' in November 2022.

Further,  AMRUT  2.0  Mission  implemented  by  Ministry  of  Housing  and  Urban  Affairs promotes  inclusion  of  reuse  of  treated  wastewater  for  non-potable  uses  like  industrial, agriculture, construction and landscaping etc

| Sl. No.   | Name of the SPCBs/PCCs   | Total No. of Industries which require ETPs   | No. of industries having functional   | No. of industries operating without ETPs   | Industries having functional ETPs                   | Industries having functional ETPs                        |
|-----------|--------------------------|----------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
|           |                          |                                              | ETPs                                  |                                            | No. of industries complying with Effluent Standards | No. of industries Non- complying with Effluent Standards |
| A         | B                        | C                                            | D                                     | E                                          | J                                                   | K                                                        |
| 1         | Andaman& Nicobar         | 22                                           | 17                                    | 5                                          | 17                                                  | 0                                                        |
| 2         | Andhra Pradesh           | 1091                                         | 1074                                  | 17                                         | 1053                                                | 21                                                       |
| 3         | Arunachal Pradesh        | 2                                            | 2                                     | 0                                          | 2                                                   | 0                                                        |
| 4         | Assam                    | 2472                                         | 1677                                  | 795                                        | 1440                                                | 237                                                      |
| 5         | Bihar                    | 219                                          | 212                                   | 7                                          | 211                                                 | 1                                                        |
| 6         | Chandigarh               | 245                                          | 244                                   | 1                                          | 244                                                 | 0                                                        |
| 7         | Chhattisgarh             | 1056                                         | 1051                                  | 5                                          | 1034                                                | 17                                                       |
| 8         | Daman& Diu               | 95                                           | 95                                    | 0                                          | 95                                                  | 0                                                        |
| 9         | Dadra Nagar Haveli       | 159                                          | 154                                   | 5                                          | 143                                                 | 11                                                       |
| 10        | Delhi                    | 1504                                         | 1504                                  | 0                                          | 1504                                                | 0                                                        |
| 11        | Goa                      | 209                                          | 209                                   | 0                                          | 208                                                 | 1                                                        |
| 12        | Gujarat                  | 13627                                        | 13261                                 | 366                                        | 13118                                               | 143                                                      |
| 13        | Haryana                  | 3966                                         | 3693                                  | 273                                        | 3679                                                | 14                                                       |
| 14        | Himachal Pradesh         | 1068                                         | 1068                                  | 0                                          | 1052                                                | 16                                                       |
| 15        | Jammu and Kashmir        | 284                                          | 240                                   | 44                                         | 224                                                 | 16                                                       |
| 16        | Jharkhand                | 213                                          | 213                                   | 0                                          | 212                                                 | 1                                                        |
| 17        | Karnataka                | 3372                                         | 3224                                  | 148                                        | 3177                                                | 47                                                       |
| 18        | Kerala                   | 5166                                         | 5146                                  | 20                                         | 5114                                                | 32                                                       |
| 19        | Lakshadweep              | 0                                            | 0                                     | 0                                          | 0                                                   | 0                                                        |
| 20        | Madhya Pradesh           | 1920                                         | 1920                                  | 0                                          | 1919                                                | 1                                                        |
| 21        | Maharashtra              | 9925                                         | 9925                                  | 0                                          | 9735                                                | 190                                                      |
| 22        | Manipur                  | 0                                            | 0                                     | 0                                          | 0                                                   | 0                                                        |
| 23        | Meghalaya                | 231                                          | 190                                   | 41                                         | 190                                                 | 0                                                        |
| 24        | Mizoram                  | 56                                           | 54                                    | 2                                          | 54                                                  | 0                                                        |
| 25        | Nagaland                 | 6                                            | 6                                     | 0                                          | 6                                                   | 0                                                        |
| 26        | Odisha                   | 1445                                         | 1414                                  | 31                                         | 1303                                                | 111                                                      |
| 27        | Puducherry               | 94                                           | 91                                    | 3                                          | 83                                                  | 8                                                        |
| 28        | Punjab                   | 1811                                         | 1741                                  | 70                                         | 1621                                                | 120                                                      |
| 29        | Rajasthan                | 1217                                         | 1194                                  | 23                                         | 1154                                                | 40                                                       |
| 30        | Sikkim                   | 64                                           | 64                                    | 0                                          | 64                                                  | 0                                                        |
| 31        | Tamil Nadu               | 13199                                        | 13199                                 | 0                                          | 13151                                               | 48                                                       |
| 34        |                          |                                              |                                       |                                            |                                                     | 75                                                       |
| 33        | Tripura                  | 26                                           | 26                                    | 0                                          | 16                                                  | 10                                                       |
|           | Uttar Pradesh            | 2017                                         | 1978                                  | 39                                         | 1903                                                |                                                          |
| 35        | Uttarakhand              | 871                                          | 871                                   | 0                                          | 864                                                 | 7                                                        |
| 36        | West Bengal              | 22                                           | 20                                    | 2                                          | 12                                                  | 8                                                        |
|           | TOTAL                    | 69854                                        | 67956                                 | 1898                                       | 66744                                               | 1212                                                     |

## Sector-wise details of CETPs with ZLD facility

| Sl. No.                   | Name of Sector            |   Number of CETPs |
|---------------------------|---------------------------|-------------------|
| 1.                        | Textile                   |                28 |
| 2.                        | Tannery                   |                13 |
| 3.                        | Electroplating            |                 4 |
| 4.                        | Mixed type of industries  |                 5 |
| 5.                        | Pharmaceutical industries |                 3 |
| Total number of ZLD CETPs | Total number of ZLD CETPs |                53 |

## Annexure II