Lok Sabha Question No. 85 (STARRED), answered on 2023-12-08
Subject: Prevalence of Cancer Cases
Ministry: HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
Asked by: Balashowry Vallabbhaneni

## GOVERNMENTOFINDIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE DEPARTMENT OFHEALTH AND FAMILYWELFARE

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 85 TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 8 TH DECEMBER, 2023

## PREVALENCE OFCANCER CASES

## *85. SHRI BALASHOWRY VALLABHANENI:

Will the Minister of HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether cancer cases are increasing every year across the country and if so, the reasons therefor;
- (b) whether it is a fact that cancer cases in the country are likely to increase from the present 14 lakhs to 20 lakhs in the coming 15 years and if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether it is a fact that the rate of overall incidence of cancer in the country is relatively slower than the western countries but higher in absolute numbers and if so, the details thereof;
- (d) the details of the most common types of cancer in the country and the efforts made by the Government to control them; and
- (e) the details of the States/UTs with high prevalence of cancer cases in the country and the steps taken/ proposed to be taken by the Government to contain such cancer cases in those States/UTs/districts?

## ANSWER THE MINISTER OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE (DR MANSUKH MANDAVIYA)

- (a) to ( e) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

## STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 85 FOR 8 TH DECEMBER, 2023

(a) to (e): As per the Indian Council of Medical Research - National Cancer Registry Programme (ICMR - NCRP), the estimated incidence of cancer cases is increasing in the country for the year (2020-2022) and the details are given below.

| Estimated incidence of cancer cases (2020-2022) - Both Sexes   | Estimated incidence of cancer cases (2020-2022) - Both Sexes   | Estimated incidence of cancer cases (2020-2022) - Both Sexes   | Estimated incidence of cancer cases (2020-2022) - Both Sexes   |
|----------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|
| Year                                                           | 2020                                                           | 2021                                                           | 2022                                                           |
| Estimated incidence of cancer cases in India                   | 13,92,179                                                      | 14,26,447                                                      | 14,61,427                                                      |

The incidence of cancer cases is projected to increase from 14.61 lakhs in 2022 to 15.7 lakhs in 2025.

As per International Agency for Research on Cancer - World Health Organisation -2020, the estimated incidence of cancer cases in India (13,24,413) accounts for the third highest number of cancer cases after China (45,68,754) and United States of America (22,81,658).

As per the ICMR - NCRP (2022), the most common types of cancer in the country are breast cancer and oral cancer. The estimated incidence of breast cancer is 2,21,757 and oral cancer is 1,40,295.

As per the ICMR's 'National Cancer Registry Programme', the five States with estimated higher incidence of cancer cases are seen in Uttar Pradesh (2,10,958), Maharashtra (1,21,717), West Bengal (1,13,581), Bihar (1,09,274) and Tamil Nadu (93,536).

Cancer is a multifactorial disease, the risk factors of which are use of tobacco products, alcohol, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and air pollution.

The Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India provides technical and financial support to the States/UTs under the National Programme for Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases (NP-NCD). NP-NCD focuses on screening and diagnosis of oral cancer, breast cancer and cervical cancer. The programme includes the following,

- i. Strengthening infrastructure
- ii. Human resource development
- iii. Health promotion
- iv. Screening of 30 years and above population under Ayushman Arogya Mandir Scheme
- v. Early diagnosis and management
- vi. Referral to an appropriate level of healthcare facility

Under NP-NCD, 744 District NCD Clinics, 219 District Cardiac Care Units, 355 District Day Care Centres and 6237 Community Health Center NCD Clinics has been set up so far.

To generate awareness for Cancer prevention & treatment following actions have been initiated:-

1. Preventive aspect of Cancer is strengthened under Comprehensive Primary Health Care through Ayushman Arogya Mandir Scheme, by promotion of wellness activities and targeted communication at the community level.
2. Public awareness creation through print, electronic and social media about promotion of healthy lifestyle including observation of National Cancer Awareness Day, World Cancer Day.
3. Healthy Eating is promoted through Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI).
4. Fit India movement is implemented by Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.
5. Various Yoga related activities are carried out by Ministry of AYUSH.

Action taken by Government in respect of infrastructure are:

1. The Central Government implements Strengthening of Tertiary Care Cancer Facilities Scheme. 19 State Cancer Institutes (SCIs) and 20 Tertiary Care Cancer Centres (TCCCs) have been approved under the said scheme. The details are attached at Annexure 1.
2. National Cancer Institute at Jhajjar (Haryana) and second campus of Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata have also been setup.
3. All new AIIMS and 13 upgraded existing Government Medical Colleges/Institutions under Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojna (PMSSY) also focus on treatment of cancer. The details are attached at Annexure 2.

To facilitate accessible and affordable healthcare and treatment, the following steps have been taken:-

1. Under Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY), health insurance cover of Rs. 5 lakhs per family per year for secondary or tertiary care hospitalization to 12 Crore beneficiary families is provided. The treatment packages under AB-PMJAY are very comprehensive covering various treatment related aspects such as drugs and diagnostic services.
2. Financial assistance is provided to poor patients belonging to families living below poverty line, suffering from major life-threatening diseases including cancer under Umbrella scheme of Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi (RAN) and Health Minister's Discretionary Grant (HMDG). Financial assistance upto a maximum of Rs. 1,25,000/- is provided under HMDG to defray a part of the treatment cost and the maximum financial assistance provided under the Umbrella Scheme of RAN is Rs. 15 lakhs.
3. Quality generic medicines are made available at affordable prices to all, under Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP) in collaboration with the State Governments. Affordable Medicines and Reliable Implants for Treatment (AMRIT) Pharmacy stores have been set up in some hospitals/institutions, to make available Cancer drugs at a substantial discount vis-à-vis the Maximum Retail Price.

## Table of SCIs/TCCCs:

## Annexure 1

|   S No | State            | Name of the Institute                                                 | SCI / TCCC   |
|--------|------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|
|      1 | Andhra Pradesh   | Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool                                      | SCI          |
|      2 | Assam            | Gauhati Medical College &Hospital, Guwahati                           | SCI          |
|      3 | Bihar            | Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna                    | SCI          |
|      4 | Chhattisgarh     | Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Sciences, Bilaspur                  | SCI          |
|      5 | Delhi            | Lok Nayak Hospital                                                    | TCCC         |
|      6 | Gujarat          | Gujarat Cancer Research Institute, Ahmedabad                          | SCI          |
|      7 | Goa              | Goa Medical College, Panaji                                           | TCCC         |
|      8 | Haryana          | Civil Hospital, Ambala Cantt                                          | TCCC         |
|      9 | Himachal Pradesh | Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla                                 | TCCC         |
|     10 | Himachal Pradesh | Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri Medical College, Mandi                       | TCCC         |
|     11 | Jammu&           | Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar                | SCI          |
|     12 | Kashmir          | Government Medical College, Jammu                                     | SCI          |
|     13 | Jharkhand        | Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi                        | SCI          |
|     14 | Karnataka        | Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology (RCC), Bengaluru                | SCI          |
|     15 |                  | Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences, Mandya                          | TCCC         |
|     16 | Kerala           | Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram                            | SCI          |
|     17 |                  | Government Medical College, Kozhikode                                 | TCCC         |
|     18 | Madhya Pradesh   | G.R. Medical College, Gwalior                                         | TCCC         |
|     19 |                  | Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Medical College, Jabalpur                  | SCI          |
|     20 | Maharashtra      | Rashtrasant Tukdoji Regional Cancer Hospital &Research Centre, Nagpur | TCCC         |
|     21 |                  | Government Medical College, Aurangabad                                | SCI          |
|     22 |                  | Vivekanand Foundation &Research Centre, Latur                         | TCCC         |
|     23 | Mizoram          | Mizoram State Cancer Institute, Aizawl                                | TCCC         |
|     24 | Nagaland         | District Hospital, Kohima                                             | TCCC         |
|     25 | Odisha           | Acharya Harihar Regional Cancer Centre, Cuttack                       | SCI          |
|     26 | Punjab           | Government Medical College, Amritsar                                  | SCI          |
|     27 |                  | Civil Hospital, Fazilka                                               | TCCC         |
|     28 | Rajasthan        | S P Medical College, Bikaner                                          | TCCC         |
|     29 |                  | SMS Medical College, Jaipur                                           | SCI          |
|     30 |                  | Jhalawar Medical College &Hospital, Jhalawar                          | TCCC         |
|     31 | Sikkim           | Multispecialty Hospital at Sochygang (Sichey), near Gangtok, Sikkim   | TCCC         |
|     32 | Tamil Nadu       | Cancer Institute (RCC), Adyar, Chennai                                | SCI          |
|     33 | Telangana        | MNJ Institute of Oncology &RCC, Hyderabad                             | SCI          |
|     34 | Tripura          | Cancer Hospital (RCC), Agartala                                       | SCI          |
|     35 | Uttar Pradesh    | Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow     | TCCC         |
|     36 | Uttarakhand      | Government Medical College, Haldwani                                  | SCI          |
|     37 | West Bengal      | Government Medical College, Burdwan                                   | TCCC         |
|     38 |                  | Murshidabad Medical College &Hospital, Berhampore, Murshidabad        | TCCC         |
|     39 |                  | Sagore Dutta Memorial Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata           | TCCC         |

Table 1: Cancer Treatment Facility is approved in all New AIIMS

|   Sl. | AIIMS       |   Sl. | AIIMS     |
|-------|-------------|-------|-----------|
|     1 | Bhopal      |    12 | Bathinda  |
|     2 | Bhubaneswar |    13 | Guwahati  |
|     3 | Jodhpur     |    14 | Bilaspur  |
|     4 | Patna       |    15 | Deoghar   |
|     5 | Raipur      |    16 | Jammu     |
|     6 | Rishikesh   |    17 | Kashmir   |
|     7 | Raebareli   |    18 | Madurai   |
|     8 | Mangalagiri |    19 | Rajkot    |
|     9 | Nagpur      |    20 | Bibinagar |
|    10 | Kalyani     |    21 | Manethi   |
|    11 | Gorakhpur   |    22 | Darbhanga |

Table 2: List of Govt. Medical Colleges/Institutions taken up for upgradation for cancer treatment

|   Sl. | State            | Name of Govt Medical College                                                      | Facility                                         |
|-------|------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|
|     1 | Jharkhand        | RIMS Ranchi                                                                       | Oncology Block                                   |
|     2 | Punjab           | Govt Medical College Amritsar                                                     | Oncology                                         |
|     3 | Himachal Pradesh | Rajendra Prasad Govt. Medical College, Tanda                                      | Oncology                                         |
|     4 | Karnataka        | Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli                                    | Medical Oncology                                 |
|     5 | Rajasthan        | SP Medical College, Bikaner                                                       | Surgical Oncology                                |
|     6 | Rajasthan        | RNT Medical College, Udaipur                                                      | Radiotherapy/Oncology                            |
|     7 | Telangana        | Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal                                                | Medical Oncology                                 |
|     8 | Uttar Pradesh    | Govt Medical College, Gorakhpur                                                   | Surgical Oncology                                |
|     9 | Uttar Pradesh    | M.L.N Government Medical College, Allahabad                                       | Surgical Oncology                                |
|    10 | Uttar Pradesh    | LLRM Medical College, Meerut.                                                     | Radiotherapy                                     |
|    11 | Uttar Pradesh    | Govt Medical College, Agra                                                        | Radiation /Medical Oncology                      |
|    12 | Bihar            | Patna                                                                             | Radiotherapy (equipment)                         |
|    13 | Kerala           | Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute of Medical Sciences &Technology, Thiruvananthapuram | Imaging Services and Interventional Radiotherapy |