Lok Sabha Question No. 288 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-02-03
Subject: Medicinal Plants and Rare Species
Ministry: AYURVEDA,YOGA & NATUROPATHY,UNANI,SIDDHA AND HOMEOPATHY (AYUSH)
Asked by: Beesetti  Venkata Satyavathi, Chandra Sekhar Bellana, Kuruva Gorantla Madhav, Chinta Anuradha, M V V Satyanarayana

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AYUSH

## LOK SABHA ADMITTED UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 288 TO BE ANSWERED ON 3 RD  FEBRUARY 2023

## MEDICINAL PLANTS AND RARE SPECIES

## 288. DR. BEESETTI VENKATA SATYAVATHI: SHRI CHANDRA SEKHAR BELLANA: SHRI KURUVA GORANTLA MADHAV: SHRIMATI CHINTA ANURADHA: SHRI M.V.V. SATYANARAYANA:

Will the Minister of AYUSH be pleased to state:

(a) whether the Government has conducted any survey to identify medicinal plants and rare species of herbs, State-wise including Andhra Pradesh;

(b) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor;

(c) whether the Government has implemented any scheme to provide financial assistance for cultivation of medicinal plants and rare species of  herbs;

(d) if so, the details thereof including the funds  sanctioned and released, State-wise so far; and

(e) if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF AYUSH (SHRI SARBANANDA SONOWAL)

- (a) & (b): Yes Sir.  The  Botanical  Survey  of  India  (BSI),  an  organization  under  Ministry  of Environment, Forest and Climate Change mandated for survey of plant diversity of the country including medicinal and aromatic plants. As per BSI an estimated more than 8000 species of medicinal plants are found in the country including State of Andhra  Pradesh.  As  per  BSI  data,  estimated  1500  species  are  found  in  Western Himalaya, 3000 species in Eastern Himalaya, 2000 species in Western Ghats, 1500 species in Eastern Ghats and 750 species in Andaman & Nicobar Islands.

The Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS) through its Medico Ethno Botanical Survey programme has conducted survey and documented 1004 species of medicinal plants in Andhra Pradesh during the period of 1971-2000. The list of rare species of medicinal plants documented in Andhra Pradesh is available at Annexure-I

The National Medicinal Plants Board (NMPB), Ministry of Ayush, under its ' Central Sector Scheme on Conservation, Development and Sustainable Management of Medicinal Plants' has also supported R&D projects on survey and identification  of  medicinal  plants.  Details  of  projects  supported  during  last  five years are at Annexure-II.

- (c): Ministry  of  Ayush,  Government  of  India  had  implemented  Centrally  Sponsored Scheme of National Ayush Mission (NAM) to promote the cultivation of medicinal plants  since  2015-16  to  2020-21.  Under  'Medicinal  Plants'  component  of  the National  Ayush  Mission  Scheme,  market  driven  cultivation  of  140  prioritized medicinal plants in identified clusters/zones was supported and implemented in a mission mode through selected State Implementing agencies throughout the country including Andhra Pradesh. As per the scheme guidelines, the support was provided for:
- (i) Cultivation of prioritized medicinal plants on farmer's land.
- (ii) Establishment  of  nurseries  with  backward  linkages  for  raising  and  supply  of quality planting material.
- (iii) Post-harvest management with forwarding linkages.
- (iv) Primary processing, marketing infrastructure etc.

Under this scheme, subsidy @30%, 50% and 75% of the cost of cultivation was provided  for  cultivation  of  140  medicinal  plants  throughout  the  country.    The subsidy was provided on following basis:

| Medicinal plants Category                                               | Subsidy Category               |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|
| Species that are highly endangered and in high demand by AYUSH industry | 75% of the cost of cultivation |
| Species that are endangered and sources of supply are declining         | 50% of the cost of cultivation |
| Other species in demand by AYUSH industry and for exports               | 30% of the cost of cultivation |

- (d) & (e): The details  of  State-wise  fund  sanctioned  and  released  from  the  Financial  Year 2015-16  to  2020-21  for  medicinal  plants  component  under  National  Ayush Mission (NAM) Scheme is at Annexure-III.

## List of Rare species of medicinal plants documented in Andhra Pradesh:

|   Sl. No. | Botanical Name                                        | Family       | Status     |
|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------|--------------|------------|
|         1 | Crateva adansonii DC ssp. odora (Buch.- Ham.) Jacobs. | Capparaceae  | Vulnerable |
|         2 | Boswellia ovalifoliolata Bal. &Henr.                  | Burseraceae  | Vulnerable |
|         3 | Goiania leptostachya DC.                              | Rhamanaceae  | Rare       |
|         4 | Saraca asoca (Roxb.) de Wilde                         | Fabaceae     | Rare       |
|         5 | Peucadanum dhana Ham.                                 | Apiaceae     | Rare       |
|         6 | Embelia ribes Burm. f.                                | Myrsinaceae  | Rare       |
|         7 | Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz.             | Apocynaceae  | Rare       |
|         8 | Decalepis hamiltonii Wt. &Arn.                        | Apocynaceae  | Rare       |
|         9 | Leptadenia reticulata (Retz.) Wt. &Arn.               | Apocynaceae  | Rare       |
|        10 | Marsdenia tenaessima (Roxb.) Moon                     | Apocynaceae  | Rare       |
|        11 | Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent.                           | Bignoniaceae | Vulnerable |

## Annexure -I

State/UT-wise details of projects supported on Survey, identification, and characterization aspect  based  research  activities  on  various  medicinal  plants  during  last  05  years  under Central  Sector  Scheme  on  Conservation,  Development  and  Sustainable  Management  of Medicinal Plants'

| State/UT         | Project title and agency detail                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
|------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Assam            | 'Critical appraisal and validation of Local Health Traditions (LHTs), Oral Health Traditions (OHTs) and Ethno Medicinal Practices (EMPs): An inclusive study among Ethnic communities of Northeast India'. Central Ayurveda Research Institute (CARI), Guwahati (Assam), Borsojai, PO- Beltola, Guwahati, Kamrup (M), Assam- 781028                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Assam            | Identification and Development of High Yielding Varieties of Kaempferia galanga: A High Value Endangered Medicinal Plant. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- North East Institute of Science & Technology (NEIST) P.O. RRL Jorhat 785006, Assam Plant species: Kaempferia galanga                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| New Delhi        | 'Collection, Characterization and Conservation of Bunium persicum : an Endangered Plant Species'. Tissue Culture and Cryopreservation Unit, ICAR- National Bureau of Plant Genetics Resources, New Delhi- 110012. Plant selected: Bunium persicum                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| Himachal Pradesh | 'Survey, mapping, development of cultivation techniques, evaluation of selected germplasm and economics of Fritillaria roylei Hook.f., (Kakoli) an important plant of the Ashtavarga Group of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants'. Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Conifer Campus Panthaghati, Shimla- 171013. ICAR- NBPGR, Regional Station, Phagli, Shimla, H.P., 171004. Plants selected:- Fritillaria royleri 'Survey, Selection, Phyto-chemical Evaluation, Cytogenetical Characterization and Multi-location testing of Harar ( Terminalia chebula Rets) in India'. |
| Himachal Pradesh | College of Horticulture and Forestry, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan-177001. Plant species: Terminlia chebula Rets of                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Himachal Pradesh | 'Development of geo-tagged digital database and spectral library                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |

|                | medicinal plants in protected cultivation in the foot hills of Western Himalayas'. Department of High Altitude Biology (HAB) Division, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh-176061.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Karnataka      | 'Identification of elite types, Molecular Characterization and Conservation of Highly-traded and threatened Medicinal Plants in the Central Western Ghats'. Plant species: Coscinium fenestratum, Embelia ribes, Salacia oblonga and Mappia foetida. College of Forestry, UAS Dharwad, SIRSI, Uttra Kannada, Karnataka - 581401, telephone: 9448933680. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment Conservation Genetics Lab, Royal Enclave Srirampura, Jakkur PO Bengaluru 560064 (ATREE) telephone: 09448182477, |
| Kerala         | 'Germplasm conservation and Phytochemical evaluation of Adhatoda beddomei C.B.CI. (Cittaadalotakam)'. Department of Botany, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, pin-695581, Thruvananthapuram. Plant species: Adhatoda beddomei                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Kerala         | Genetic stock development, standardization of good agricultural practices (GAPs) and market analysis of Pseudarthria viscida (L.)- a red listed high volume trade medicinal plant. Kerala Agriculture University, KAU P.O , Thrissur, Kerala Plant species: Pseudarthria viscida                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Madhya Pradesh | 'Germplasm collection and bio-molecular characterization of Black Turmeric ( Curcuma Caesia Roxb. )' Jawaharlal Nehru KrishiVishwaVidhalya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh- 482004 Plant species : Curcuma caesia Roxb                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Rajasthan      | 'Exploration and Documentation of Ethno-medicinal Practices of Rural and Tribal Population of Rajasthan'. Department of Food and Biotechnology, JyotiVidyapeeth Women's University, Jaipur - 303122, Rajasthan Plant species: 1. Khairkatha ( Acacia catechu (L.f) Willd. 2. Dokanta ( Acanthos permumhispidum ) DC. 3. AndhiJhara ( Achyranthes aspera L.) 4. Danteli ( Barleriaprionitis L) 5. Akra ( Calotropis procera (Ait) R. Br.) 6. Kair [ Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew.] 7. Dholimusali ( Chlorophytum tuberosum)    |

|             | Survey, Inventorisation, Documentation, Propagation and Conservation of rare, endangered and threatened medicinal plants of Arid and Semi Arid Regions. AFRI, New Pali Road, Jodhpur-342005 JNV-University, Jodhpur-342005                                                                                                                                           |
|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| West Bengal | 'Medicinal orchid: A step towards population for commercial cultivation through collection, conservation and multiplication in Himalayan region of Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas'. Department of Genetics and Plant breeding & Plant Breeder, Uttar BangaKrishiViswaVidyalaya (UBKV), Regional Research Satation (HZ), Kalimpong, Darjeeling, West Bengal -734301. |

Annexure-III The State/UT-wise status of funds allocated and released for medicinal plants component under NAM (2015-16 to 2020-21)

(Rs. in Lakhs)

| S. No.   | State             |   Fund approved |   Fund released |
|----------|-------------------|-----------------|-----------------|
| 1.       | Andhra Pradesh    |        1246.31  |         787.918 |
| 2.       | Arunachal Pradesh |         246.254 |         194.854 |
| 3.       | Assam             |         702.611 |         632.35  |
| 4.       | Bihar             |         287.201 |         172.321 |
| 5.       | Chhattisgarh      |         438.7   |         263.22  |
| 6.       | Gujarat           |         848.014 |         508.808 |
| 7.       | Goa               |         102.739 |          61.643 |
| 8.       | Haryana           |         120.867 |          72.52  |
| 9.       | Himachal Pradesh  |         500.287 |         456.456 |
| 10.      | Jammu &Kashmir    |         395.926 |         339.307 |
| 11.      | Karnataka         |        1233.65  |         781.353 |
| 12.      | Kerala            |        1086.99  |         690.149 |
| 13.      | Madhya Pradesh    |        3072.13  |        1585.18  |
| 14.      | Maharashtra       |         969.991 |         581.994 |
| 15.      | Manipur           |         337.082 |         309.454 |
| 16.      | Meghalaya         |         181.524 |         163.372 |
| 17.      | Mizoram           |         276.109 |         235.283 |
| 18.      | Nagaland          |         341.365 |         273.26  |
| 19.      | Orissa            |         278.862 |         167.317 |
| 20.      | Punjab            |         339.033 |         203.42  |
| 21.      | Puducherry        |          25.583 |          23.025 |
| 22.      | Rajasthan         |        1881.41  |        1162.9   |
| 23.      | Sikkim            |         129.606 |          97.66  |
| 24.      | Tamil Nadu        |        1104.31  |         662.584 |
| 25.      | Telangana         |         731.463 |         472.273 |
| 26.      | Tripura           |          83.944 |          79.156 |
| 27.      | Uttar Pradesh     |        3108.79  |        1871.46  |
| 28.      | Uttarakhand       |         643.745 |         585.417 |
| 29.      | West Bengal       |        1134.98  |         680.991 |
|          | Total             |       21849.5   |       14115.7   |