Lok Sabha Question No. 2426 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-08-04
Subject: Support to Youth Organisations for Skill Building
Ministry: SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Asked by: Shri E T Mohammed Basheer

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2426

ANSWERED ON 04.08.2025

## SUPPORT TO YOUTH ORGANISATIONS FOR SKILL BUILDING

## 2426.  SHRI E T MOHAMMED BASHEER:

Will  the  Minister  of  SKILL  DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has provided adequate financial and policy support to youth organisations for skill-building and engagement, if so, the details including the funding amounts allocated, categories of support and the implementing agencies;
- (b) whether  it  has  come  to  the  notice  of  the  Government  that  flagship  skill development initiatives  such  as  the  Skill  India  Mission  and  Pradhan  Mantri  Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) are facing persistent challenges such as significant under-utilisation  of  funds,  outdated  training  curricula,  low  placement  and  employer engagement rates, and inadequate access for small enterprises and women;
- (c) if so, the details thereof and the steps being taken by the Government to address these issues;
- (d) whether  any  third-party  evaluations  or  independent  monitoring  mechanisms instituted to  measure  the  real-world  impact  (e.g.,  placement  success, industry satisfaction) of the skill initiatives; and
- (e) if so, the details of the corrective measures identified so far?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) IN THE MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

(SHRI JAYANT CHAUDHARY)

(a) to (c): The Government of India is taking proactive steps to improve employability of the youth of the nation through skill development. Under the Skill India Mission (SIM), the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) delivers skill, re-skill and up-skill training through an extensive network of skill development centres under various schemes, viz. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), Jan Sikhshan Sansthan (JSS), National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) and Craftsman Training Scheme (CTS) through Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs), to all the sections of the society across the country. The SIM aims at enabling youth of India to get future ready and equipped with industry relevant skills. Adequate funds are made available under the schemes through budget for conducting training programs, which are demand based.

Funds under PMKVY are released to implementing agencies for meeting the training cost  as  per  prescribed  norms.   Under  JSS  scheme,  funds  are  released to  NonGovernmental Organizations (NGOs) directly.  Under NAPS, stipend support up to Rs 1500/- per month is released to apprentices through DBT and not to establishments covered. Day to day administration as well as financial control in respect of ITIs lies with the respective State Government/ UT Administration.

| Scheme(s)                             | Amount (in Rs. Cr)   |
|---------------------------------------|----------------------|
| PMKVY (2015-16 up to 30.06.2025)      | 11,429.21            |
| NAPS (2018-19 up to 31.03.2025)       | 1,823.08             |
| JSS Scheme (2018-19 up to 31.03.2025) | 873.94               |

To ensure that the skills imparted are aligned with the current industry requirements, improves  employability  of  the  youth,  and  enhance  the  equitable  access  to  women candidates, the following specific steps have been taken by MSDE:

- (i)   National Council for Vocational Education and Training (NCVET) has been set up as  an  overarching  regulator  establishing  regulations  and  standards  to  ensure quality in the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) space.
- (ii)  The  Awarding  Bodies  recognised  by  NCVET  are  expected  to  develop  the qualifications  as  per  the  industry  demand  and  map  them  with  the  identified occupations as per the National Classification of Occupations, 2015 and obtain industry validations.
- (iii)   36 Sector Skill Councils (SSCs), led by industry leaders in the respective sectors, have been set up which are mandated to identify the skill development needs of respective sectors as well as to determine skill competency standards. NSDC, under  the  Market  led  program,  provides  support  to  training  providers  that collaborate and align skill courses with industry demand.
- (iv) Directorate General of Training (DGT) under the aegis of MSDE is implementing Flexi MoU Scheme and Dual System of Training (DST) which are meant to provide training to ITI students in industrial environment as per their requirements.
- (v)  Under PMKVY, the new age/future skills job-roles have been specially aligned with Industry  4.0  requirements  in  areas  like  AI/ML,  Robotics,  Mechatronics,  Drone Technology, etc. for upcoming market demand and industry requirements.
- (vi)   DGT has introduced new age /future skills courses in Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) and National Skill Training Institutes (NSTIs) under CTS to provide training in emerging  areas  such  as  5G  Network  Technician,  Artificial Intelligence Programming assistant, Cyber Security Assistant, Drone Technician etc.
- (vii) DGT has signed MoU with IT Tech companies like IBM, CISCO, Future Skill Rights Network, Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft to ensure industry linkages for  the  institutes  at  the  state  and  regional  levels  under  CSR  initiatives.  These partnerships facilitate the provision of technical and professional skills training in modern technologies.
- (viii) Indian Institute of Skills (IIS) established at Ahmedabad and Mumbai, in Public Private Partnership (PPP) Mode, provide training to create a pool of industry-ready workforce for Industry 4.0, equipped with cutting-edge technology and hands-on training.
- (ix)   MSDE has launched Skill India Digital Hub (SIDH) a unified platform that integrates skilling, education, employment, and entrepreneurship ecosystems to provide a life-long array of services targeting a wide range of stakeholders. The details of the trained candidates are available on SIDH portal for connecting with potential employers. Through SiDH, candidates can have access to jobs and apprenticeship opportunities.
- (x)  MSDE also organises Rozgar Melas and Pradhan Mantri National Apprenticeship Melas (PMNAMs) to facilitate the placements and apprenticeship opportunities to the certified candidates.
- (xi) To  encourage  participation  of  women  in  skill  development  programs,  special provisions have been made for meeting expenditure on conveyance and boarding & lodging as well as post placement support. PMKVY 4.0 prioritizes and provides special focus to projects that emphasize women as primary beneficiaries. Women constitute more than 80% of beneficiaries under JSS scheme. Also, there are 19 National  Skill  Training  Institutes  (NSTI)  and more  than  300  ITIs exclusively  for women.

(d) & (e): Impact of schemes for skill development is assessed through their third party independent  evaluation.  MSDE's  flagship  scheme  PMKVY  was  evaluated  by  NITI Aayog in October 2020. As per the study, about 94 percent of the employers surveyed reported they would hire more candidates trained under PMKVY. Further, 52 percent of the candidates who were placed in full time/part time employment and oriented under the  RPL  component  received  higher  salary  or  felt  that  they  will  get  higher  salary compared to their un-certified peers.

As  regards  other  schemes  of  MSDE,  third  party  evaluation  reports  have  mentioned about success in terms of placement or livelihood improvement   of candidates trained under different schemes. The brief details of same are as given below:

JSS: Evaluation study of JSS scheme conducted in 2020 has found that the scheme has helped in almost doubling the household income for those beneficiaries   have got employment  or  were  self-employed  after  the  JSS  training.   The  report  has  further observed that usefulness of the scheme would be further evident from the fact that 77.05% of the beneficiary trainees have undergone occupational shifts. The study also affirmed that the focus of the skilling in the scheme favours self-employment.

NAPS: Third-party evaluation study of NAPS conducted in 2021 has observed that the scheme has successfully enhanced the employability of youth by providing structured on-the-job training, with a notable increase in the engagement of apprentices across various industries. In the new version of the scheme, DBT method has been adopted to transfer  government's  share  directly  to  apprentices'  bank  accounts,  as  streamlined reimbursement process was recommended in the report.

ITIs: The final report of Tracer Study of ITI Graduates published in 2018 by MSDE mentions that 63.5% of total ITI pass-outs got employed (out of which 6.7% are selfemployed).

*****