Lok Sabha Question No. 420 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-02-05
Subject: Improvement in Education System
Ministry: Education
Asked by: Badruddin Ajmal

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION & LITERACY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO-420

ANSWERED ON 05/02/2024

## Improvement in Education System

## 420. SHRI M. BADRUDDIN AJMAL:

Will the Minister of EDUCATION be pleased to state:

(a) whether it is true that India is lagging behind compared to other developing countries in terms of schools, colleges, universities and other infrastructures required for education of its population which is leading it to lack of literacy rate in the country;

(b) if so, the steps taken/being taken by the Government to improve its position and bridge the gap; and

(c) the details and the number of new schools, colleges and universities established during the last ten years  in  the  country  alongwith  fund  allocation  for  this  purpose  during  the  said  period,  State/yearwise?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

## (SMT. ANNPURNA DEVI)

(a) and (b): A Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Adult Education 'Padhna Likhna Abhiyaan' is being implemented in rural  and  urban  areas  of  33  states/  UTs  during  the  financial  year  2020-22,  with  a target of making 48.16 lakh adult non-literates as literates. Government of India has approved a new Centrally  Sponsored  Scheme,  namely,  'New  India  Literacy  Programme  (NILP)'  with  the  aim  to support the States and Union Territories in promoting literacy among non-literates in the age group of 15  and  above,  across  the  country  covering  5  crore  non-literates  during  the  implementation  period from 2022-27. The scheme has been approved with a financial outlay of Rs.1037.90 crore including Central share of Rs.700.00 crore and State share of Rs.337.90 crore.

National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) recommended for universalization of education at all levels.  Based  on  recommendations  of  NEP,  Government  of  India  has  launched  a  new  Centrally Sponsored Scheme "ULLAS (Understanding of Lifelong Learning for All in Society)" for the period FYs 2022-2027 to cover all  the  aspects  of  Education  for  All. The objectives  of  the  scheme  is  to impart not only Foundational Literacy and Numeracy but also to cover other components which are necessary for a citizen of 21st century such as Critical Life Skills (including financial literacy, digital literacy, commercial skills, health care and awareness, child care and education, and family welfare); Vocational Skills Development (with a view towards obtaining local employment); Basic Education (including preparatory,  middle,  and  secondary stage  equivalency)  and  Continuing  Education (including engaging holistic adult education courses in arts, sciences, technology, culture, sports, and recreation, as well as other topics of interest or use to local learners, such as more advanced material on critical life skills).

(c): Education is in the Concurrent list of the Constitution and the opening of schools is within the purview of  respective  State  Government  and  UT  Administration.  Further,  Centre  helps  States  and UTs under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Samagra Shiksha, which is an overarching scheme of school  education  covering  all  levels  from  pre-primary  to  senior  secondary.  Financial  assistance  is provided to the States and UTs for various activities to improve enrolment in Govt. schools, which include  opening/strengthening  of  new  schools  up  to  senior  secondary  level,  strengthening  school infrastructure, setting up, up gradation and running of Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas (KGBV) upto class 12, setting up of residential schools/hostel named Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Avasiya Vidyalayas,  transport  allowance,  undertaking  enrolment  drives,  seasonal  hostels/residential  camps, provision  of  vocational  education  and  ICT  facilities  in  schools,  etc,  financial  assistance  is  also provided for aids and appliances for children with special needs.

Similarly,  PM  USHA earlier  RUSA seeks to improve the overall quality of existing  States  higher educational  institutions.  Under  this  scheme  central  support  is  provided  to  State  higher  educational institutions  under  various  components  such  as  creation  of  universities  by  way  of  up-gradation  of existing  autonomous  colleges,  creation  of  universities  by  conversion  of  colleges  in  a  cluster, Infrastructure  Grants  to  Universities,  Infrastructure  Grants  to  Colleges,  upgradation  of  existing degree colleges into Model Degree colleges etc.

Department of School Education  and  Literacy  (DoSEL), Ministry of Education has developed the Unified  District  Information  System  for  Education  Plus  (UDISE+)  system  to  record  data  on indicators of school education provided by all the States and Union Territories. Also, the Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Education has developed the All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) system to record data on indicators of higher education. As per UDISE+ number of schools established  and  as  per  AISHE,  number  of  University/  University  Level  Institutions  and  colleges registered in last 10 years are given below:

| Years       |   Schools |   Universities |   colleges |
|-------------|-----------|----------------|------------|
| 2013 - 2022 |    107391 |            445 |       8839 |

Further,  year-wise  Budget  allocation  for  the  last  10  years  under  Ministry  of  Education  is  given below:

|                 | D/o Higher Education   | D/o Higher Education            | D/o School Education &Literacy   | D/o School Education &Literacy   | Total            | Total                            |
|-----------------|------------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|------------------|----------------------------------|
| Financial Years | Budget Estimates       | Revised Estimates/ Final Grants | Budget Estimates                 | Revised Estimates/ Final Grants  | Budget Estimates | Revised Estimates/ Final Grant s |
| 2013-14         | 26750.00               | 24485.00                        | 52701.00                         | 50136.30                         | 79451.00         | 74621.30                         |
| 2014-15         | 27656.00               | 23700.00                        | 55115.10                         | 47005.00                         | 82771.10         | 70705.00                         |
| 2015-16         | 26855.26               | 25699.00                        | 42219.50                         | 42286.50                         | 69074.76         | 67985.50                         |
| 2016-17         | 28840.00               | 29703.20                        | 43554.00                         | 43896.04                         | 72394.00         | 73599.24                         |
| 2017-18         | 33329.70               | 34862.46                        | 46356.25                         | 47006.25                         | 79685.95         | 81868.71                         |
| 2018-19         | 35010.29               | 33512.11                        | 50000.00                         | 50113.75                         | 85010.29         | 83625.86                         |
| 2019-20         | 38317.01               | 38317.01                        | 56536.63                         | 56536.63                         | 94853.64         | 94853.64                         |
| 2020-21         | 39466.52               | 32900.00                        | 59845.00                         | 52189.07                         | 99311.52         | 85089.07                         |
| 2021-22         | 38350.65               | 36031.57                        | 54873.66                         | 51969.95                         | 93224.31         | 88001.52                         |
| 2022-23         | 40828.35               | 40828.35                        | 63449.37                         | 59052.78                         | 104277.72        | 99881.13                         |

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