Lok Sabha Question No. 2140 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-08-02
Subject: Battery Recycling Technology
Ministry: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Asked by: Shardaben Anilbhai Patel, Mitesh Rameshbhai (Bakabhai) Patel

## MINISTRY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

## DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 2140

TO BE ANSWERED ON 02/08/2023

## BATTERY RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY

2140.  SHRIMATI SHARDABEN ANILBHAI PATEL:

SHRI MITESH RAMESHBHAI PATEL (BAKABHAI):

Will the Minister of SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY ͪव£ान और Ĥौɮयोͬगकȧ मंğी be pleased to state:

- (a)  whether  it  is  a  fact  that  battery  operated  vehicles  pose  a  major demand  in  inventions  of  battery  storage  technology  and  battery recycling technology, if so, the details thereof;
- (b) if so, the details of the steps taken by the Government in this regard along  with  the  current  research  projects  being  conducted  and  their outcome therefrom; and
- (c)  the  details  of  the  challenges  faced  by  the  Government  in  this research?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (DR. JITENDRA SINGH)

राÏयमंğी (èवतंğ Ĥभार)

ͪव£ान और Ĥौɮयोͬगकȧ (डॉ. िजतɅġ ͧसंह)

- (a)  Yes  Sir,  Battery  operated  vehicles  pose  a  major  demand  in inventions  in  both  storage  and  recycling  technologies.  All  Electric Vehicles (EVs) have energy storage systems, typically batteries to storage technologies to make it affordable and attractive in market adoption. In  order  to  balance  the  supply  of  raw  materials  for  batteries  and keeping  in  view  the  thrust  on  sustainability  &  circular  economy,
- power the vehicle, which requires advancement in inventions in battery recycling technologies are also important.
- (b)  The  Government  is  supporting  research  to  develop  indigenous capabilities  in  the  area  of  Lithium-ion  (Li-ion)  battery  electrode materials, cells and battery packs for EVs. Several research projects

with significant funding are in progress with an aim to enable indigenous development of battery technologies. Department of Science & Technology (DST) have supported approximately thirty- two R&D-related projects in the area of battery storage, which  resulted in several publications and  lab level prototypes.  Indian  Institute  of  Technology  Bhubaneswar  &  Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur has developed a Sodium (Na) ion battery pack, a battery management system, a charger, and a cell balancing  system  for  e-bicycle.  In  addition;  two  battery  recycling technology research projects are also being supported.

Central  Electro  Chemical  Research  Institute,  (CECRI),  a  lab under  Council  of  Scientific  and  Industrial  Research  (CSIR)  has established  a  small  scale  (1000  cells  per  day)  Lithium-  ion  cell manufacturing  line  at  its  Chennai  unit.  CSIR  also  initiated  a  Bulk Chemical Mission Project to develop a technology that dismantles 100kg spent Lithium Ion Battery (LIB)s and can extract all metals from LIB electrode material and demonstrate at 1kg product level.

(c)  The key challenge faced by the Government in the research of battery storage technologies is primarily in sourcing of raw materials. Though  country's  Lithium-ion  (Li-ion)  battery  requirement  is  huge, there is no domestic manufacturing of Li-ion batteries at present and the majority of the demand is catered through imports. Further, the important raw material resources required such as Lithium, Cobalt are scarce and needs to be imported. There is no established supply chain  for  electrode  materials  and  components  yet  in  our  country. CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory (CSIR-NML), Jamshedpur has developed and patented CSIR's first holistic process that can tackle any type of Lithium based batteries, to extract and separate high pure salt products from Lithium, Nickel, Cobalt, Manganese, Aluminium, Copper, and Reusable Graphite.

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