opensansad/lok-sabha-qa huggingface dataset:
Lok Sabha Question No. 1376 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-02-09
Subject: Civil Areas of Cantonment in Karnataka
Ministry: DEFENCE
Asked by: Suresh Chanabasappa Angadi

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF DEFENCE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1376

TO BE ANSWERED ON 09 th  February, 2024

## CIVIL AREAS OF CANTONMENT IN KARNATAKA

1376. SHRIMATI ANGADI MANGAL SURESH:

Will the Minister of DEFENCE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether any reply has been received from the Chief Secretary of Karnataka with regard to the excision of civil areas of Cantonment existing in Karnataka;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c)  whether  the  Government  proposes  to  initiate  any  measures  to  form  a  Committee  with respect to Karnataka to report the civil areas of Belagavi Cantonment to be excised;
- (d) if so, the details thereof; and
- (e) if not, the reasons therefor along with the timeline by which the Committee is likely to be framed for the same?

## A  N  S  W  E  R

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

(SHRI AJAY BHATT)

- (a) & (b):  No, Sir.

(c) to (e):  Yes, Sir. A Committee comprising of representatives from all Stakeholders has been constituted to work out the details of proposed modalities for excision of civil areas of Belgaum Cantonment in the State of Karnataka and their merger with adjoining State Municipality.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 1375 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-02-09
Subject: Infrastructural Support of National Digital Health Mission
Ministry: HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
Asked by: Rajendra Agrawal

## GOVERNMENTOFINDIA MINISTRYOF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE DEPARTMENTOFHEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO: 1375 TO BE ANSWERED ON 09.02.2024

## INFRASTRUTURALSUPPORT OF NATIONALDIGITALHEALTH MISSION

## 1375. SHRI RAJENDRA AGRAWAL:

Will the Minister of HEALTH and FAMILY WELFARE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has made an assessment of the infrastructural and administrative support created/provided under the National Digital Health Mission;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether the Government proposes to include private sector through Public Private Partnership (PPP) model under various initiatives of the Scheme;
- (d) if so, the details thereof;
- (e) whether the Government has taken any steps to provide benefits of this scheme to the poor and those deprived of digital facilities; and
- (f) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE (PROF. SATYA PAL SINGH BAGHEL)

(a) to (f) Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM ) (earlier known as National Digital Health Mission) was launched in September 2021. ABDM aims to create an online platform enabling interoperability of health data within the health ecosystem. The aim of this mission is to create an Electronic Health Record (EHR) of every citizen.

ABDM envisages to develop the backbone necessary to support the integrated digital health infrastructure of the country. The core components of the Mission include Ayushman Bharat Health Account (ABHA) for citizens, Health Professional Registry (HPR), Health Facility Registry (HFR) and ABHA Application.

The infrastructure required for development of interoperable digital platform & certain modules under the National Digital Health Mission (now Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission) has broadly been assessed and identified in line with the objectives of ABDM. For administrative support, various policy frameworks such as Health Data Management Policy, Sandbox Guidelines, Health Information Provider Guidelines etc. have been prepared and issued for smooth implementation of ABDM. NHA is providing necessary support including technical assistance and training for all stakeholders to integrate their solutions under ABDM ecosystem.

Both public and private sector IT solutions in health are integrated under ABDM through the sandbox environment to aid creation of EHR across the country.

Government has taken various steps to ensure that the benefits of the Mission reach every citizen. Inclusion is one of the key principles of ABDM. The digital health ecosystem created by ABDM supports continuity of care across primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare in a seamless manner. It aids availability of health care services particularly in remote and rural areas through various technology interventions like telemedicine etc.

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Lok Sabha Question No. 1370 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-02-09
Subject: Seat-leaving Bond Policy in Medical Colleges
Ministry: HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
Asked by: Suresh Kodikunnil, Sougata Ray

## GOVERNMENTOFINDIA MINISTRYOF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE DEPARTMENTOFHEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 1370 TO BE ANSWERED ON 9th February, 2024

## SEAT-LEAVING BOND POLICYIN MEDICALCOLLEGES

## 1370. SHRI KODIKUNNIL SURESH: PROF. SOUGATA RAY:

## Will the Minister of HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE be pleased to state:

(a) whether the Government intends to revoke the seat-leaving bond policy in medical colleges in the country;

(b) if so, the details thereof;

(c) whether the Government/National Medical Commission (NMC) has received reports from concerned students being harassed and made to pay hefty sums of money by medical college authorities leading to depression/anxiety issues in students desirous of leaving their course; and

- (d) if so, the details thereof along with the details of higher number of cases of discontinuation of courses during the last three academic years in the country, State/UT-wise?

## ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE (DR. BHARATI PRAVIN PAWAR)

(a) to (d) National Medical Commission (NMC) has requested State Governments to review the seat leaving bond policy in Medical Colleges in the concerned States. As regard details of discontinuation of courses during the last three academic years in the country, State/UT-wise, it is informed that the same is not maintained centrally.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 1368 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-02-09
Subject: Mega Ports by 2047
Ministry: PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS
Asked by: P. Velusamy, S.R. Parthiban

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1368

ANSWERED ON 09.02.2024

## MEGA PORTS BY 2047

## 1368.  SHRI VELUSAMYP.: SHRI PARTHIBAN S.R.:

## Will the Minister of PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS be pleased to state:

## पȅन , पोत पįरवहन और जलमागŊ मंũी

(a)whether  the  Government  has  any  proposal  to  prepare  master  plan  in  order  to develop Ports of the country as Mega Ports by 2047; (b)if so, the details thereof; (c)the details of the funds estimated for the said plan; (d)whether the Government has soughtproposals from all the ports within the country in this regard; (e)if so, the details thereof including Tamil Nadu; and (f)the time by which it is likely to be implemented?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS (SHRI SARBANANDA SONOWAL)

(a) to (f) Yes. Sixport clusters out of which four port clusters i.e. Cochin -Vizhinjam Port  cluster,  Galathea  South  Bay  Port,  Chennai  -  Kamarajar-  Cuddalore  Port cluster,  Paradip  and  Other  Non-Major Portscluster  with  capacity  of  more  than 300 Million Tonnes Per Annum (MTPA) and two port clusters i.e. Deendayal and Tuna Tekra Port cluster, Jawaharlal Nehru - Vadhavan Port clusterwith capacity of more than 500 MTPA are to be developed as Mega Ports by the year 2047.The activities to  be  undertaken  by  Major  Ports  for  augmentation  of  capacity  and  improving infrastructure  are  included  in  the  Maritime  AmritKaal  Vision,  2047.  The  works  for Infrastructure  enhancement  and  capacity  augmentation  in  the  Major  Ports  are already  under  progress  through  Public  Private  Partnership  (PPP)  mode  and  also through internal resources.

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Lok Sabha Question No. 1366 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-02-09
Subject: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Ministry: DEFENCE
Asked by: P.R. Natarajan

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

## DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1366

TO BE ANSWERED ON 09 th  February, 2024

## STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE

1366. SHRI NATARAJAN P.R.:

Will the Minister of DEFENCE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether it is a fact that defence spending of the country has increased in the current year compared to the past years, as per Stockholm International Peace Research Institute;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether it is due to tensions at the border along with the 'Make in India' scheme, if so, the details thereof; and
- (d)  the  details  of  the  import  and  export  of  defence  equipments  during  the  last  three  years, year-wise?

## A  N  S  W  E  R

MINISTER OF STATE

(SHRI AJAY BHATT)

IN THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

(a) to (c):  Yes, Sir. As per Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, India's military expenditure from the year 2019 to 2022 is as under: -

(In Current US$ Million)

| Year   | 2019      | 2020      | 2021      | 2022      |
|--------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
|        | 71,468.90 | 72,937.10 | 76,348.50 | 81,363.20 |

The increase in defence spending is attributable to the requirement of funds projected by the services and the availability of resources with the Government.

- (d):  The information cannot be shared as disclosure of the same would be prejudicial to the national security interest.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 1365 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-02-09
Subject: Revision of Cut-off Percentile for NEET-SS
Ministry: HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
Asked by: Manickam Tagore B

## GOVERNMENTOFINDIA MINISTRYOF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE DEPARTMENTOFHEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 1365 TO BE ANSWERED ON 9th February, 2024

## REVISION OF CUT-OFF PERCENTILE FOR NEET-SS

## 1365. SHRI MANICKAM TAGORE B.:

## Will the Minister of HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the United Doctors Front Association has requested the Government that the cutoff percentile be revised again for the National EligibilitycumEntrance Test for super specialty courses (NEET-SS) aligning with practices followed in NEET PG, 2023 along with the previous year's NEET-SS;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether the said association has also requested the Government to release the mop-up round/special round schedule promptly to fill all the vacant seats; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof along with the steps taken by the Government on the said demand of the said association?

## ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE (DR. BHARATI PRAVIN PAWAR)

- (a) to (d): The mop-up round/special round for National Eligibility cum- Entrance Test for super specialty courses (NEET-SS) counseling has been started from 05.02.2024 and ends on 15.02.2024.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 1357 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-02-09
Subject: Passenger Ferry Services
Ministry: PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS
Asked by: Pratima Mondal

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1357

ANSWERED ON 09.02.2024

## PASSENGER FERRYSERVICES

## 1357.  SHRIMATI PRATIMA MONDAL:

## Will the Minister of PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS be pleased to state: पȅन , पोत पįरवहन और जलमागŊ मंũी

- (a) the details of ongoing passenger ferry service to various neighbouring countries through ocean;
- (b) the details of response of the passengers to the said ferry services;
- (c) whether the Government has any proposal to start ferry service to Gulf countries; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS (SHRI SARBANANDA SONOWAL)

(a)  to  (d)A  passenger  ferry  service  from  Nagapattinam,  India  to  Kankesanthurai,  Sri Lanka was flagged off on 14.10.2023and it had undertaken four round voyages upto20 th October,  2023, after  which  weather  condition  became  unfavorable  for ferry  operation. The response from passengers was satisfactory.

To  start  passenger  ship  service  between  Kerala  and  the  Gulf  for  the  Indian expatriates in Gulf Countries, three VIP references were received by this Ministry :-

- (i) Shri  Adv. A. M. Ariff, Member of Parliament (Lok Sabha), Alappuzha, Kerala letter dated 20.09.2023
- (ii) Shri AhammadDevarkovil, Minister of Ports, Museums Archaeology & Archives, Government of Kerala - letter dated 17.10.2023
- (iii) Shri  Antony  Raju,  Minister  for  Transport,  Government  of  Kerala  -  letter  dated 17.10.2023

Discussion  was  held  with  stakeholders,  namely,  Shipping  Corporation  of  India, Directorate  General  of  Shipping,  Cochin  Shipyard  Limited,  Kerala  Maritime  Board  & NORKA Roots,  an  agency  under  Government  of  Kerala.  Virtual  meetings  were  held between Shipping Corporation of India, NORKA Roots and Kerala Maritime Board on 10.11.2023 & 15.12.2023 wherein it was decided that KMB and NORKA to float an open advertisement  seeking  offer  from  interested  parties/operations  with  suitable  vessels readily available to start operations between Kerala and Gulf. It was also decided that NORKA will conduct survey for passenger demand, frequency of vessel operations and pricing of tickets.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 1355 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-02-09
Subject: Expand Capacity at Ports
Ministry: PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS
Asked by: Margani Bharat

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1355

ANSWERED ON 09.02.2024

## EXPAND CAPACITY AT PORTS

1355.  SHRI MARGANI BHARAT:

Will the Minister of PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS be pleased to state:

पोत पįरवहन और जलमागŊ मंũी

## पȅन ,

- (a) Whether there is a comprehensive plan to modernise and expand capacities of all the major ports notified in the country under the Major Port Trust Act, 1963; if so, the details thereof and the steps taken by the Government to modernise
- (b) berths and increase capacity at Visakhapatnam Port in Andhra Pradesh; and
- (c) if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS (SHRI SARBANANDA SONOWAL)

(a) to (c) Yes.  Since  2015,  62  Public  Private  Partnership  (PPP)  projects  have been  operationalized  including  mechanization,  modernization  and  upgradation  of berths  and  terminals in  Major  Ports including  Visakhapatnam  Port.As  a  result, the cargo handling capacity of Major Ports has doubled from 2013-14.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 1349 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-02-09
Subject: Ties with Neighbouring Countries
Ministry: EXTERNAL AFFAIRS
Asked by: Sarmistha Sethi

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO-1349 ANSWERED ON- 09/02/2024

## TIES WITH NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES

1349. SHRIMATI SARMISTHA SETHI

Will the Minister of EXTERNAL AFFAIRS be pleased to state :-

(a)   the   details   of   measures   undertaken   by   the   Government   to strengthen ties with the neighbouring countries, country-wise; (b)   whether   the   Government   is   taking/proposes   to   take   special measures to improve ties with Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh that have deteriorated in the recent past; and (c) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS (DR. RAJKUMAR RANJAN SINGH)

(a to c) India's people-centric 'Neighbourhood First policy' continues to guide its approach towards the management of relations with the people and countries in its immediate neighbourhood. This policy is an institutional priority for all the relevant arms of the Government.

The Neighbourhood First policy, inter alia, is aimed at enhancing physical,   digital   and   people   to   people   connectivity   across   the region, as well as strengthening bilateral cooperation in a wide range   of   domains   including   investment,   technology,   education, health,   agriculture,   trade,   commerce,   communication,   youth   and sports  affairs,   energy,   capacity   building   in   various   fields,   cyber security and cultural exchanges, among others. In the last decade, this   policy   has   yielded   positive   results   and   strengthened cooperation, connectivity and contacts in our immediate vicinity. A number of such initiatives continue to be implemented to enhance our bilateral ties with our neighbouring countries, including with Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh in the aforementioned areas.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 1344 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-02-09
Subject: Artificial Intelligence and Block Chain in Pharmaceutical Sector
Ministry: CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS
Asked by: Raksha Nikhil Khadse, Manoj Kishorbhai Kotak, Vivek Narayan Shejwalkar

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICALS

LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1344 TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 9 TH  FEBRUARY, 2024

## Artificial Intelligence and Block Chain in Pharmaceutical Sector

## 1344.   SHRIMATI RAKSHA NIKHIL KHADSE: SHRI MANOJ KOTAK: SHRI VIVEK NARAYAN SHEJWALKAR:

Will the Minister of CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has taken note of the importance of advanced technologies such as  Artificial  Intelligence,  Block  Chains  etc.  which  can  play  a  major  role  in  boosting  the pharmaceutical sector in the country; and
- (b) if so, the details thereof and the various steps taken/proposed to be taken by the Government to leverage such technological developments to the sector's advantage in the country?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF CHEMICALS & FERTILIZERS (SHRI BHAGWANTH KHUBA)

(a) to (b): Yes. Department of Pharmaceuticals has taken steps to promote R&D in the sector including in the areas of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning through the Promotion of Research and Innovation in the Pharma-Medtech Sector (PRIP) Scheme. Further, NIPERs under the aegis of Department of Pharmaceuticals have introduced topics related to Artificial Intelligence and Block Chain Technology in their courses and they provide training to students in  AI-based  tools  to  build  human  resource  capacities  in  these  areas  for  the  pharmaceutical sector. In addition, the Department  of  Biotechnology  (DBT)  also  supports  Artificial Intelligence-based research activities in the biotech sector, particularly in the healthcare and agriculture areas, in order to leverage emerging technologies for these sectors.

********
Lok Sabha Question No. 1342 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-02-09
Subject: Enhancement of Port Connectivity
Ministry: PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS
Asked by: Jagdambika Pal

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1342

ANSWERED ON 06.02.2024

## ENHANCEMENT OF PORT CONNECTIVITY

1342. SHRI JAGDAMBIKA PAL:

## Will the Minister of PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS be pleased to state: पȅन , पोत पįरवहन और जलमागŊ मंũी

- (a) whether the Government has identified logistical bottlenecks in the performance of ports on the eastern coast of the country and if so, the details thereof; and
- (b) whether  the enhancement  of  port  connectivity is also aimed  to connect landlocked States to ports in the coastal States and if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS (SHRI SARBANANDA SONOWAL)

- (a) Yes.  A  Comprehensive  Port  Connectivity  Plan  (CPCP)  has  been  prepared  by DPIIT  in  2022  in  consultation  with  M/o  Ports,  Shipping  and  Waterways,  Ministry  of Railways  (MoR)  and  Ministry  of  Road,  Transport  and  Highways  (MoRTH)  and  State Maritime  Boards.  CPCP  has  identified  more  than  100  new  connectivity  infrastructure gaps,  out  of  which  33  road  and  rail  projects  have  been  identified  to  enhance connectivity of ports on the Eastern coast.
- (b) The projects taken up under the Sagarmala Program and those identified in the CPCP focus on the last mile and immediate hinterland connectivity of the ports. Also, a report  on  'Connectivity  of  Ports  to  Industrial  Nodes'  has  been  prepared  by  MoPSW, wherein an assessment and gap analysis of connectivity of the seaports vis-a-viz all the existing and  upcoming  nodes  under  different  industrial  corridors  under  NICDIT, including industrial nodes in landlocked States, has been done.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 1341 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-02-09
Subject: Linking of Voter I Cards
Ministry: LAW AND JUSTICE
Asked by: Anto  Antony, P.R. Natarajan, Faizal P.P. Mohammed, Saptagiri Sankar Ulaka, Agatha K. Sangma, Mohammad Jawed

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1341

## TO BE ANSWERED ON FRIDAY, THE 09 TH  FEBRUARY, 2024 LINKING OF VOTER I CARDS

1341. SHRI ANTO ANTONY:

SHRI NATARAJAN P.R.:

SHRI MOHAMMED FAIZAL P.P.:

SHRI SAPTAGIRI SANKAR ULAKA:

KUMARI AGATHA K. SANGMA:

DR. MOHAMMAD JAWED:

## Will the Minister of LAW AND JUSTICE be pleased to state:

- (a) the number of Voter IDs that have been linked with the Aadhaar Card since the Election Laws (Amendment) Act, 2021 came into force;
- (b) whether linking is being done voluntarily, if so, the manner in which the consent is being taken;
- (c) whether Aadhaar details will be deleted if a voter takes back consent, if so, the details thereof;
- (d)  whether  the  names  of  the  voters  whose  Voter  IDs  have  not  been linked  with  Aadhaar  have  been  struck  off  from  the  voter  list,  if  so,  the number of voters whose names have been so deleted and the deadline
- for the same; and
- (e)  whether  the  Government  has  taken  measures  to  protect  the  voter database  from  being  misused,  if  so,  the  details  thereof  and  if  not,  the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE; MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS; AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF CULTURE (SHRI ARJUN RAM MEGHWAL)

- (a):   The Election Commission of India has informed that the Representation of the People Act, 1950 as amended by the Election Laws (Amendment)   Act,   2021,   allows  Electoral  Registration  Officers  to

require  the  existing  or  prospective  elector  to  provide  the  Aadhaar number  for  the  purpose  of  establishing  identity  on  a  voluntary  basis. The Election Commission vide its  instruction dated 4 th   July, 2022, has launched the programme to collect the Aadhaar number of existing and prospective electors on a voluntary basis from 1 st  August, 2022 in all States and Union territories. The linking of Aadhaar with Election Photo Identity Card has not yet started.

- (b) and (c):  The  Election  Commission  has  informed  that  it  is  voluntary  to submit Aadhaar number with Voter ID and consent is obtained from the electors for Aadhaar in Form 6B.  Currently, there is no provision regarding deletion of Aadhaar details if a voter takes back his consent.
- (d): No sir.
- (e): Under  article  324  of  the  Constitution,  the  Election  Commission  is responsible for  superintendence,  direction  and  control  of  preparation of electoral roll and maintains data with multi-layered security, architecture. The electoral data is encrypted in both static and transit.

*******