Lok Sabha Question No. 4088 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-08-18
Subject: Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Shri Magunta Sreenivasulu Reddy

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 4088

TO BE ANSWERED ON 18.08.2025

## Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions

4088.   SHRI MAGUNTA SREENIVASULU REDDY:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has undertaken any study/survey regarding greenhouse gas emissions across the country during the last five years;
- (b) if so, the details thereof, State-wise especially in Andhra Pradesh;
- (c) the details of the list of schemes/initiatives undertaken by the Government to reduce greenhouse  gas  emissions  during  the  last  five  years,  including  funds  allocated  and utilised Statewise especially in Andhra Pradesh;
- (d) the details of the actions undertaken against errant companies/firms releasing a large amount of greenhouse gasses during the last five years, including total fines collected, Statewise, especially from Andhra Pradesh; and
- (e) whether the Government has undertaken any steps to raise awareness regarding the impact  of  greenhouse  gas  emissions  across  the  country  during  the  last  five  years, especially in rural areas, if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI KIRTI VARDHAN SINGH)

(a)  and  (b) India,  being  a  Party  to  the  United  Nations  Framework  Convention  on  Climate Change (UNFCCC), submits National Communications and Biennial Update Reports to the UNFCCC on a periodic basis. These reports include an inventory of the National Greenhouse Gases  (GHGs)  based  on  relevant  Intergovernmental  Panel  on  Climate  Change  (IPCC) Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. As per India's Fourth Biennial Update Report (BUR-4) submitted to UNFCCC, net GHG emissions in 2020 were 2,436.7 million tonne  CO2e  and  as  per  Third  National  Communication  submitted  to  UNFCCC,  net  GHG emissions in 2019 were 2,646.6 million tonne CO2e. The State level GHG inventories are not required to be submitted to UNFCCC and hence not prepared by the Government of India.

(c) to (e) Government of India has undertaken several initiatives to combat GHG emissions across  the  country  including  Andhra  Pradesh.  The  Government  is  implementing  National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), which is the overarching framework for climate actions. The NAPCC comprises of national missions in specific areas of solar energy, enhanced energy efficiency, water, agriculture, Himalayan ecosystem, sustainable habitat, green India, human health and strategic knowledge on climate change. As climate change is a cross-cutting subject, the missions are implemented by respective line Ministries/Departments. The NAPCC

provides an overarching framework for all climate actions. Thirty-four States/Union Territories (UTs) have prepared their State Action Plans on Climate Change (SAPCC) in line with NAPCC taking into account the State specific issues relating to climate change.

Climate change is a global collective action problem mainly precipitated by excessive historical  and  current  emissions  of  the  developed  countries.  India's  share  of  historical cumulative emissions from 1850 to 2019 amount to less than 4 percent of global cumulative carbon dioxide emissions despite being home to more than 17% of the world's population. India is an emerging economy where GHG emissions are set to increase, albeit from a low base, in pursuit  of its  development and poverty eradication goals. India's responsibility for global warming thus has been minimal; even today, its annual per capita emissions are only about one-third of the global average. Despite this, India is committed to addressing climate change  with  firm  adherence  to  multilateralism  and  based  on  the  principles  of  equity  and common  but  differentiated  responsibilities and  respective  capabilities  (CBDR-RC),  as enshrined in the UNFCCC. There is no legal framework mandating companies/firms to reduce GHG emissions. However, several entities and organisations have voluntary declarations to achieve net-zero emissions.

Ecoclubs undertake activities that create environmental awareness among the school and  college  students  for  environmental  improvement  and  to  inculcate  the  culture  of  ecofriendliness and environmental conservation among them. Ecoclubs have played active role in several  campaigns  undertaken  by  Ministry  of  Environment,  Forest  and  Climate  Change (MoEFCC) and also by the respective State/Union Territory Governments that includes 'Harit Diwali  -  Swasth  Diwali'  campaign,  Swachh  Bharat  Abhiyan,  World  Environment  Day celebrations, etc. Further the programme 'Green Good Deeds' initiated by the MoEFCC is also implemented through ecoclubs in schools and colleges.

*****