Lok Sabha Question No. 5160 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-04-02
Subject: PLFS  Reports
Ministry: STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION
Asked by: Smt. Mahima Kumari Mewar, Dr. D. Purandeswari, Shri Sachithanantham R

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.5160

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.04.2025

## PLFS REPORTS

5160. DR. D. PURANDESWARI: SMT. MAHIMA KUMARI MEWAR: SHRI SACHITHANANTHAM R:

Will the Minister of STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION be pleased to state:

- (a) the  key  findings  of  the  Periodic  Labour  Force  Survey  (PLFS) reports  in  India  including  rural  and  urban  areas  during  the  last three years along with current status of PLFS including its latest findings  on  unemployment  rates  in  India  particularly  among Youth and Women;
- (b) whether there are any proposals to conduct a more frequent and detailed survey on employment and unemployment and if so, the details thereof;
- (c) the  details  of  Labour  Force  Participation  Rate  (LFPR),  Worker Population  Ratio  (WPR)  and  Unemployment  Rate,  State-wise including Andhra Pradesh as per the latest report;
- (d) the measures undertaken to enhance the timeliness and reliability of PLFS data collection and reporting;
- (e) the details  of  the  proposed  framework  for  transitioning  to monthly PLFS reports from January 2025;
- (f) the  manner  in  which  the  monthly  release  of  PLFS  reports  is expected to assist in formulating strategies to address employment issues; and
- (g) whether  there  has  been  an  improvement  in  the  Labour  Force Participation  Rate  over  the  years  since  2014-15  and  any  steps have been taken for monthly publications of PLFS and if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF STATISTICS  AND  PROGRAMME  IMPLEMENTATION;  MINISTER  OF STATE  (INDEPENDENT  CHARGE)  OF  THE  MINISTRY  OF  PLANNING AND  MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  CULTURE  [RAO

INDERJIT SINGH]

- (a): From the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) conducted by the National  Statistics  Office  (NSO)  during  the  periods  July  2021-  June 2022 to July 2023 - June 2024, the following estimates are given:
-  Labour  Force  Participation  Rate  (LFPR),  Worker  Population  Ratio (WPR)  and  Unemployment  Rate  (UR)  in  usual  status  (ps+ss)  for rural,  urban  and  rural and urban areas combined are given in the table below:

Labour  Force  Indicators  (in  per  cent)  according  to  usual  status (ps+ss) rural, urban and rural and urban areas combined from PLFS 2021-22, 2022-23 and 2023-24

all-India survey (year)

PLFS, 2021-22

PLFS, 2022-23

PLFS, 2023-24

survey (year)

PLFS, 2021-22

PLFS, 2022-23

PLFS, 2023-24

LFPR (in percent) according to usual status (ps+ss)

Rural

42.2

43.4

46.8

Urban

39.0

39.8

41.0

41.3

42.4

45.1

WPR (in percent) according to usual status (ps+ss)

Rural

40.8

42.3

45.6

Urban

36.6

37.7

38.9

39.6

41.1

43.7

| survey (year)   | UR (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss)   | UR (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss)   | UR (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss)   |
|-----------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|
| survey (year)   | Rural                                                | Urban                                                | (Rural + Urban)                                      |
| PLFS, 2021-22   | 3.3                                                  | 6.3                                                  | 4.1                                                  |
| PLFS, 2022-23   | 2.4                                                  | 5.4                                                  | 3.2                                                  |
| PLFS, 2023-24   | 2.5                                                  | 5.1                                                  | 3.2                                                  |

Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 Note: 2023-24 refers to the period July 2023 - June 2024 likewise for 2022-23 and 2021-22

-  Unemployment  Rate  (UR)  in  usual  status  (ps+ss)  among  youth (persons  of  age  15-29  years)  and  among  females  for  rural,  urban and rural and urban areas combined are given in Table below:

(Rural + Urban)

(Rural + Urban)

Unemployment  Rate  (UR)  (in  per  cent)  according  to  usual  status (ps+ss)  for  rural,  urban  and  rural  and  urban  areas  combined  for youth (persons of age 15-29 years) and females from PLFS 2023-24 All-India

|                 | UR (in percent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among   | UR (in percent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among   |
|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| Sectors         | Youth (persons of age 15-29 years)                        | Females of all ages                                       |
| Rural           | 8.5                                                       | 2.1                                                       |
| Urban           | 14.7                                                      | 7.1                                                       |
| (Rural + Urban) | 10.2                                                      | 3.1                                                       |

Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24

Note: 2023-24 refers to the period July 2023 - June 2024

(b), (e), (f), (g): Periodic  Labour  Force  Survey  (PLFS)  conducted  by the  National  Statistics  Office  (NSO),  MoSPI  since  2017  has  been providing  quarterly  estimates  of  key  labour  force  indicators  viz., Labour  Force  Participation  Rate  (LFPR),  Worker  Population  Ratio (WPR), Unemployment Rate (UR) in the Current Weekly Status (CWS) for  the  urban  areas  along  with  annual  estimates  of  all  important parameters  of  employment  and  unemployment  in  both  usual  status (ps+ss)  and  current  weekly  status  (CWS)  covering  both  rural  and urban areas. Considering the importance of the availability of labour force data at more frequent time intervals at the overall country level and  recognizing  the  need  for  producing  employment  unemployment indicators  at  sub-state  level,  the  sample  design  of  PLFS  has  been revamped  from  January  2025.  The  revamped  sample  design  along with  the  related  changes  in  the  survey  execution  essentially  will result in the following updation in the PLFS dissemination:

- i. Availability of monthly estimates of key labour market indicators  at  the  all-India  level  following  the  Current  Weekly Status (CWS) approach.
- ii. Extending quarterly estimates to rural areas and thus availability of quarterly estimates of employment unemployment indicators  for  both  rural  and  urban  areas  and  hence  for  the entire country.
- iii. Provision  of  generation  of  district-level  estimates  of  labour market indicators

The  sample  design  of  PLFS  in  force  since  its  inception  from  April, 2017  has  been  discontinued  and  the  new  sample  design  has  been deployed since January 2025 for selection of samples and executing the rotational panel design for both rural and urban areas.

The monthly release of PLFS estimates has been planned keeping in view of the importance of the availability of labour force data at more frequent  time  intervals  at  the  overall  country  level.  The  monthly estimates of Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR), Worker Population Ratio  (WPR)  and  Unemployment  Rate  (UR)  has  the potential of facilitating timely policy interventions.

From  the  Periodic  Labour  Force  Survey  (PLFS)  conducted  by  the National  Statistics  Office  (NSO)  during  the  periods  July  2017-  June 2018  to  July  2023  -  June  2024  the  estimates  of  Labour  Force Participation  Rate  (LFPR)  in  usual  status  (ps+ss)  for  areas  rural, urban and rural urban combined are given in Table below:

Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) in rural, urban and rural and urban combined areas from PLFS

All-India

| survey (year)   | LFPR (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) in   | LFPR (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) in   | LFPR (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) in   |
|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| survey (year)   | Rural                                                     | Urban                                                     | (Rural + Urban)                                           |
| PLFS, 2017-18   | 37.0                                                      | 36.8                                                      | 36.9                                                      |
| PLFS, 2018-19   | 37.7                                                      | 36.9                                                      | 37.5                                                      |
| PLFS, 2019-20   | 40.8                                                      | 38.6                                                      | 40.1                                                      |
| PLFS, 2020-21   | 42.7                                                      | 38.9                                                      | 41.6                                                      |
| PLFS, 2021-22   | 42.2                                                      | 39.0                                                      | 41.3                                                      |
| PLFS, 2022-23   | 43.4                                                      | 39.8                                                      | 42.4                                                      |
| PLFS, 2023-24   | 46.8                                                      | 41.0                                                      | 45.1                                                      |

Source:  Annual  Report,  PLFS,  2023-24,  Annual  Report,  PLFS, 2021-22 and Annual Report, PLFS, 2018-19

Note:  2023-24  refers  to  the  period  July  2023  -  June  2024 likewise  for  2022-23,  2021-22,  2020-21,  2019-20,  2018-19  and 2017-18

- (c): From the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) conducted by the National Statistics Office (NSO) during the periods July 2023 - June 2024,  the  State-wise  estimates  of  Labour  Force  Participation  Rate (LFPR), Worker Population Ratio (WPR) and Unemployment Rate (UR)

in usual status (ps+ss) for different sectors (rural, urban, rural urban combined) and genders (male, female, person) categories are given in Annexure.

(d): MoSPI  is  committed  to  ensuring  that  accurate  and  reliable employment  statistics  are  brought  out  from  PLFS.  To  achieve  this, robust  and  well-defined  mechanisms  are  employed  which  undergo periodic  improvements  based  on  evolving  needs,  feedback  and advancements in methodologies to enhance their effectiveness. The primary  data  collection  is  being  done  in  digital  platform  using Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) or web-based application with in-built validation mechanism to ensure consistency at the stage of data collection. This digital platform ensures simultaneous data processing and has resulted into a drastic reduction in the time lag for releasing the reports of PLFS. A robust training  mechanism  is  followed  to  address  the  conceptual  queries and monitoring the data quality. The entire PLFS microdata, on which the PLFS survey findings are based, are brought out along with the annual disseminations of PLFS. This ensures that users can verify the PLFS findings at their ends also. The concepts and definitions in the surveys  of  MoSPI  are  formulated  conforming  to  various  standards. Further,  various  facets  of  internationally  accepted  standards  on labour  statistics  are  studied  in  MoSPI  to  assess  their  applicability and relevance in the country context.

*****

## Annexure

| Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| State/UT                                                                                                                                    | LFPR (in PLFS 2023-24                                                                                                                       | LFPR (in PLFS 2023-24                                                                                                                       | LFPR (in PLFS 2023-24                                                                                                                       | LFPR (in PLFS 2023-24                                                                                                                       | percent) according to usual status (ps+ss)                                                                                                  | percent) according to usual status (ps+ss)                                                                                                  | percent) according to usual status (ps+ss)                                                                                                  | percent) according to usual status (ps+ss)                                                                                                  | percent) according to usual status (ps+ss)                                                                                                  |
| State/UT                                                                                                                                    | Rural Male                                                                                                                                  | Rural Female                                                                                                                                | Rural Person                                                                                                                                | Urban Male                                                                                                                                  | Urban Female                                                                                                                                | among Urban Person                                                                                                                          | (Rural + Urban) Male                                                                                                                        | (Rural + Urban) Female                                                                                                                      | (Rural + Urban) Person                                                                                                                      |
| (1)                                                                                                                                         | (2)                                                                                                                                         | (3)                                                                                                                                         | (4)                                                                                                                                         | (5)                                                                                                                                         | (6)                                                                                                                                         | (7)                                                                                                                                         | (8)                                                                                                                                         | (9)                                                                                                                                         | (10)                                                                                                                                        |
| Andhra Pradesh                                                                                                                              | 59.7                                                                                                                                        | 40.7                                                                                                                                        | 50.1                                                                                                                                        | 59.3                                                                                                                                        | 24.5                                                                                                                                        | 41.3                                                                                                                                        | 59.5                                                                                                                                        | 35.8                                                                                                                                        | 47.5                                                                                                                                        |
| Arunachal Pradesh                                                                                                                           | 59.3                                                                                                                                        | 53.1                                                                                                                                        | 56.3                                                                                                                                        | 56.0                                                                                                                                        | 34.5                                                                                                                                        | 45.1                                                                                                                                        | 58.7                                                                                                                                        | 49.9                                                                                                                                        | 54.4                                                                                                                                        |
| Assam                                                                                                                                       | 60.7                                                                                                                                        | 38.2                                                                                                                                        | 49.6                                                                                                                                        | 64.3                                                                                                                                        | 25.5                                                                                                                                        | 45.0                                                                                                                                        | 61.1                                                                                                                                        | 36.8                                                                                                                                        | 49.1                                                                                                                                        |
| Bihar                                                                                                                                       | 48.1                                                                                                                                        | 21.1                                                                                                                                        | 34.9                                                                                                                                        | 48.2                                                                                                                                        | 12.0                                                                                                                                        | 30.9                                                                                                                                        | 48.1                                                                                                                                        | 20.3                                                                                                                                        | 34.5                                                                                                                                        |
| Chhattisgarh                                                                                                                                | 65.2                                                                                                                                        | 50.4                                                                                                                                        | 57.8                                                                                                                                        | 63.6                                                                                                                                        | 27.9                                                                                                                                        | 46.4                                                                                                                                        | 64.9                                                                                                                                        | 46.1                                                                                                                                        | 55.5                                                                                                                                        |
| Delhi                                                                                                                                       | 54.7                                                                                                                                        | 13.8                                                                                                                                        | 37.8                                                                                                                                        | 54.0                                                                                                                                        | 14.5                                                                                                                                        | 35.9                                                                                                                                        | 54.0                                                                                                                                        | 14.5                                                                                                                                        | 36.0                                                                                                                                        |
| Goa                                                                                                                                         | 58.1                                                                                                                                        | 21.8                                                                                                                                        | 40.5                                                                                                                                        | 54.9                                                                                                                                        | 23.7                                                                                                                                        | 39.5                                                                                                                                        | 56.3                                                                                                                                        | 22.9                                                                                                                                        | 39.9                                                                                                                                        |
| Gujarat                                                                                                                                     | 62.8                                                                                                                                        | 44.3                                                                                                                                        | 53.8                                                                                                                                        | 62.0                                                                                                                                        | 23.6                                                                                                                                        | 43.7                                                                                                                                        | 62.5                                                                                                                                        | 35.8                                                                                                                                        | 49.6                                                                                                                                        |
| Haryana                                                                                                                                     | 51.8                                                                                                                                        | 20.2                                                                                                                                        | 37.1                                                                                                                                        | 56.3                                                                                                                                        | 16.7                                                                                                                                        | 37.9                                                                                                                                        | 53.5                                                                                                                                        | 18.8                                                                                                                                        | 37.4                                                                                                                                        |
| Himachal Pradesh                                                                                                                            | 64.9                                                                                                                                        | 58.7                                                                                                                                        | 61.7                                                                                                                                        | 64.2                                                                                                                                        | 35.7                                                                                                                                        | 51.4                                                                                                                                        | 64.8                                                                                                                                        | 56.2                                                                                                                                        | 60.5                                                                                                                                        |
| Jharkhand                                                                                                                                   | 53.1                                                                                                                                        | 40.4                                                                                                                                        | 46.8                                                                                                                                        | 52.1                                                                                                                                        | 15.0                                                                                                                                        | 34.0                                                                                                                                        | 52.9                                                                                                                                        | 35.8                                                                                                                                        | 44.4                                                                                                                                        |
| Karnataka                                                                                                                                   | 60.0                                                                                                                                        | 34.6                                                                                                                                        | 47.3                                                                                                                                        | 59.8                                                                                                                                        | 23.6                                                                                                                                        | 42.1                                                                                                                                        | 59.9                                                                                                                                        | 30.5                                                                                                                                        | 45.4                                                                                                                                        |
| Kerala                                                                                                                                      | 59.7                                                                                                                                        | 36.2                                                                                                                                        | 47.3                                                                                                                                        | 58.4                                                                                                                                        | 30.3                                                                                                                                        | 43.3                                                                                                                                        | 59.1                                                                                                                                        | 33.4                                                                                                                                        | 45.4                                                                                                                                        |
| Madhya Pradesh                                                                                                                              | 63.2                                                                                                                                        | 45.4                                                                                                                                        | 54.6                                                                                                                                        | 58.7                                                                                                                                        | 22.3                                                                                                                                        | 40.7                                                                                                                                        | 62.0                                                                                                                                        | 39.4                                                                                                                                        | 51.0                                                                                                                                        |
| Maharashtra                                                                                                                                 | 61.0                                                                                                                                        | 38.0                                                                                                                                        | 49.6                                                                                                                                        | 61.0                                                                                                                                        | 23.7                                                                                                                                        | 43.1                                                                                                                                        | 61.0                                                                                                                                        | 32.0                                                                                                                                        | 46.8                                                                                                                                        |
| Manipur                                                                                                                                     | 52.8                                                                                                                                        | 36.5                                                                                                                                        | 44.6                                                                                                                                        | 52.4                                                                                                                                        | 35.7                                                                                                                                        | 43.9                                                                                                                                        | 52.7                                                                                                                                        | 36.3                                                                                                                                        | 44.4                                                                                                                                        |
| Meghalaya                                                                                                                                   | 54.8                                                                                                                                        | 48.7                                                                                                                                        | 51.7                                                                                                                                        | 53.1                                                                                                                                        | 37.8                                                                                                                                        | 45.1                                                                                                                                        | 54.6                                                                                                                                        | 47.1                                                                                                                                        | 50.7                                                                                                                                        |
| Mizoram                                                                                                                                     | 51.1                                                                                                                                        | 30.5                                                                                                                                        | 41.0                                                                                                                                        | 49.2                                                                                                                                        | 30.2                                                                                                                                        | 39.6                                                                                                                                        | 50.2                                                                                                                                        | 30.4                                                                                                                                        | 40.4                                                                                                                                        |
| Nagaland                                                                                                                                    | 57.3                                                                                                                                        | 45.2                                                                                                                                        | 51.1                                                                                                                                        | 52.0                                                                                                                                        | 35.8                                                                                                                                        | 44.1                                                                                                                                        | 55.7                                                                                                                                        | 42.7                                                                                                                                        | 49.1                                                                                                                                        |
| Odisha                                                                                                                                      | 61.9                                                                                                                                        | 40.3                                                                                                                                        | 50.8                                                                                                                                        | 59.1                                                                                                                                        | 24.4                                                                                                                                        | 42.0                                                                                                                                        | 61.5                                                                                                                                        | 38.0                                                                                                                                        | 49.4                                                                                                                                        |
| Punjab                                                                                                                                      | 62.4                                                                                                                                        | 27.7                                                                                                                                        | 45.2                                                                                                                                        | 62.6                                                                                                                                        | 19.0                                                                                                                                        | 41.4                                                                                                                                        | 62.5                                                                                                                                        | 24.4                                                                                                                                        | 43.7                                                                                                                                        |
| Rajasthan                                                                                                                                   | 56.4                                                                                                                                        | 43.0                                                                                                                                        | 49.6                                                                                                                                        | 56.8                                                                                                                                        | 23.5                                                                                                                                        | 40.9                                                                                                                                        | 56.5                                                                                                                                        | 38.0                                                                                                                                        | 47.3                                                                                                                                        |
| Sikkim                                                                                                                                      | 67.1                                                                                                                                        | 65.5                                                                                                                                        | 66.4                                                                                                                                        | 61.1                                                                                                                                        | 26.2                                                                                                                                        | 46.0                                                                                                                                        | 65.7                                                                                                                                        | 56.9                                                                                                                                        | 61.7                                                                                                                                        |
| Tamil Nadu                                                                                                                                  | 60.4                                                                                                                                        | 44.5                                                                                                                                        | 52.3                                                                                                                                        | 59.2                                                                                                                                        | 24.4                                                                                                                                        | 41.3                                                                                                                                        | 59.8                                                                                                                                        | 35.2                                                                                                                                        | 47.2                                                                                                                                        |
| Telangana                                                                                                                                   | 61.4                                                                                                                                        | 44.0                                                                                                                                        | 52.4                                                                                                                                        | 57.5                                                                                                                                        | 24.5                                                                                                                                        | 41.3                                                                                                                                        | 59.8                                                                                                                                        | 36.5                                                                                                                                        | 48.0                                                                                                                                        |
| Tripura                                                                                                                                     | 64.8                                                                                                                                        | 39.1                                                                                                                                        | 51.9                                                                                                                                        | 57.3                                                                                                                                        | 25.9                                                                                                                                        | 41.3                                                                                                                                        | 63.5                                                                                                                                        | 36.8                                                                                                                                        | 50.0                                                                                                                                        |
| Uttarakhand                                                                                                                                 | 56.6                                                                                                                                        | 41.8                                                                                                                                        | 49.3                                                                                                                                        | 55.6                                                                                                                                        | 18.6                                                                                                                                        | 37.2                                                                                                                                        | 56.4                                                                                                                                        | 35.9                                                                                                                                        | 46.2                                                                                                                                        |
| Uttar Pradesh                                                                                                                               | 54.7                                                                                                                                        | 28.1                                                                                                                                        | 41.5                                                                                                                                        | 56.9                                                                                                                                        | 13.5                                                                                                                                        | 36.2                                                                                                                                        | 55.2                                                                                                                                        | 25.2                                                                                                                                        | 40.4                                                                                                                                        |
| West Bengal                                                                                                                                 | 63.6                                                                                                                                        | 33.7                                                                                                                                        | 48.6                                                                                                                                        | 64.3                                                                                                                                        | 26.8                                                                                                                                        | 45.4                                                                                                                                        | 63.8                                                                                                                                        | 31.7                                                                                                                                        | 47.7                                                                                                                                        |

Note: 1. 2023-24 refers to the period July 2023 - June 2024

| Andaman & N. Island                | 67.5   | 44.6   | 56.5   |   67.9 |   30.0 |   49.3 |   67.7 |   38.0 |   53.3 |
|------------------------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
| Chandigarh                         |        |        |        |   60.1 |   25   |   43.5 |   60.1 |   25   |   43.5 |
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli & Daman & Diu | 62.1   | 54.3   | 58.3   |   69.9 |   18.5 |   47.9 |   66.7 |   34.7 |   52.3 |
| Jammu & Kashmir                    | 55.7   | 41.9   | 49.0   |   58.2 |   25.8 |   42.5 |   56.2 |   38.8 |   47.8 |
| Ladakh                             | 55.5   | 46.4   | 51.3   |   61   |   26.3 |   45   |   56.2 |   43.7 |   50.5 |
| Lakshadweep                        | 73.3   | 14.5   | 45.7   |   56.3 |   12.4 |   35.4 |   61.2 |   13   |   38.4 |
| Puducherry                         | 58.6   | 37.1   | 48.0   |   58.2 |   24.4 |   40.2 |   58.4 |   28.9 |   43.1 |
| All India                          | 57.9   | 35.5   | 46.8   |   59   |   22.3 |   41   |   58.2 |   31.7 |   45.1 |

2. For Chandigarh, entire area is treated as urban

Source:

Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24

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| Worker Population Ratio (WPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Worker Population Ratio (WPR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   |
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| State/UT                                                                                                                           | WPR (in percent) PLFS                                                                                                              | WPR (in percent) PLFS                                                                                                              | WPR (in percent) PLFS                                                                                                              | according to usual status                                                                                                          | according to usual status                                                                                                          | according to usual status                                                                                                          | according to usual status                                                                                                          | according to usual status                                                                                                          | according to usual status                                                                                                          |
| State/UT                                                                                                                           | Rural Male                                                                                                                         | Rural Female                                                                                                                       | Rural Person                                                                                                                       | Urban Male                                                                                                                         | 2023-24 Urban Female                                                                                                               | among Urban Person                                                                                                                 | (Rural + Urban) Male                                                                                                               | (Rural + Urban) Female                                                                                                             | (Rural + Urban) Person                                                                                                             |
| (1)                                                                                                                                | (2)                                                                                                                                | (3)                                                                                                                                | (4)                                                                                                                                | (5)                                                                                                                                | (6)                                                                                                                                | (7)                                                                                                                                | (8)                                                                                                                                | (9)                                                                                                                                | (10)                                                                                                                               |
| Andhra Pradesh                                                                                                                     | 57.4                                                                                                                               | 39.6                                                                                                                               | 48.4                                                                                                                               | 56.0                                                                                                                               | 22.8                                                                                                                               | 38.9                                                                                                                               | 57.0                                                                                                                               | 34.5                                                                                                                               | 45.6                                                                                                                               |
| Arunachal Pradesh                                                                                                                  | 56.0                                                                                                                               | 50.7                                                                                                                               | 53.5                                                                                                                               | 50.8                                                                                                                               | 28.2                                                                                                                               | 39.3                                                                                                                               | 55.2                                                                                                                               | 46.8                                                                                                                               | 51.1                                                                                                                               |
| Assam                                                                                                                              | 58.5                                                                                                                               | 36.9                                                                                                                               | 47.8                                                                                                                               | 60.6                                                                                                                               | 22.5                                                                                                                               | 41.7                                                                                                                               | 58.8                                                                                                                               | 35.3                                                                                                                               | 47.2                                                                                                                               |
| Bihar                                                                                                                              | 46.5                                                                                                                               | 20.9                                                                                                                               | 34.0                                                                                                                               | 44.8                                                                                                                               | 10.9                                                                                                                               | 28.7                                                                                                                               | 46.3                                                                                                                               | 20.1                                                                                                                               | 33.5                                                                                                                               |
| Chhattisgarh                                                                                                                       | 64.1                                                                                                                               | 49.7                                                                                                                               | 56.9                                                                                                                               | 59.5                                                                                                                               | 24.9                                                                                                                               | 42.9                                                                                                                               | 63.2                                                                                                                               | 45.0                                                                                                                               | 54.2                                                                                                                               |
| Delhi                                                                                                                              | 52.8                                                                                                                               | 11.1                                                                                                                               | 35.5                                                                                                                               | 52.8                                                                                                                               | 14.3                                                                                                                               | 35.2                                                                                                                               | 52.8                                                                                                                               | 14.2                                                                                                                               | 35.2                                                                                                                               |
| Goa                                                                                                                                | 54.0                                                                                                                               | 18.8                                                                                                                               | 36.9                                                                                                                               | 52.8                                                                                                                               | 19.3                                                                                                                               | 36.3                                                                                                                               | 53.3                                                                                                                               | 19.1                                                                                                                               | 36.5                                                                                                                               |
| Gujarat                                                                                                                            | 62.5                                                                                                                               | 44.2                                                                                                                               | 53.6                                                                                                                               | 60.8                                                                                                                               | 22.8                                                                                                                               | 42.7                                                                                                                               | 61.8                                                                                                                               | 35.4                                                                                                                               | 49.1                                                                                                                               |
| Haryana                                                                                                                            | 50.0                                                                                                                               | 19.9                                                                                                                               | 36.0                                                                                                                               | 53.9                                                                                                                               | 16.1                                                                                                                               | 36.4                                                                                                                               | 51.5                                                                                                                               | 18.4                                                                                                                               | 36.1                                                                                                                               |
| Himachal Pradesh                                                                                                                   | 62.8                                                                                                                               | 54.6                                                                                                                               | 58.6                                                                                                                               | 61.1                                                                                                                               | 29.2                                                                                                                               | 46.7                                                                                                                               | 62.6                                                                                                                               | 51.8                                                                                                                               | 57.2                                                                                                                               |
| Jharkhand                                                                                                                          | 52.7                                                                                                                               | 40.4                                                                                                                               | 46.6                                                                                                                               | 49.1                                                                                                                               | 14.1                                                                                                                               | 32.1                                                                                                                               | 52.0                                                                                                                               | 35.6                                                                                                                               | 43.9                                                                                                                               |
| Karnataka                                                                                                                          | 58.5                                                                                                                               | 34.3                                                                                                                               | 46.4                                                                                                                               | 57.4                                                                                                                               | 22.5                                                                                                                               | 40.3                                                                                                                               | 58.1                                                                                                                               | 29.9                                                                                                                               | 44.1                                                                                                                               |
| Kerala                                                                                                                             | 57.0                                                                                                                               | 31.8                                                                                                                               | 43.7                                                                                                                               | 55.9                                                                                                                               | 27.0                                                                                                                               | 40.4                                                                                                                               | 56.5                                                                                                                               | 29.5                                                                                                                               | 42.1                                                                                                                               |
| Madhya Pradesh                                                                                                                     | 62.8                                                                                                                               | 45.2                                                                                                                               | 54.3                                                                                                                               | 57.0                                                                                                                               | 21.7                                                                                                                               | 39.6                                                                                                                               | 61.3                                                                                                                               | 39.1                                                                                                                               | 50.6                                                                                                                               |
| Maharashtra                                                                                                                        | 59.3                                                                                                                               | 37.5                                                                                                                               | 48.5                                                                                                                               | 58.1                                                                                                                               | 22.3                                                                                                                               | 40.9                                                                                                                               | 58.8                                                                                                                               | 31.2                                                                                                                               | 45.3                                                                                                                               |
| Manipur                                                                                                                            | 50.3                                                                                                                               | 34.1                                                                                                                               | 42.2                                                                                                                               | 49.5                                                                                                                               | 32.1                                                                                                                               | 40.6                                                                                                                               | 50.1                                                                                                                               | 33.5                                                                                                                               | 41.7                                                                                                                               |
| Meghalaya                                                                                                                          | 52.8                                                                                                                               | 45.5                                                                                                                               | 49.0                                                                                                                               | 48.4                                                                                                                               | 30.0                                                                                                                               | 38.8                                                                                                                               | 52.2                                                                                                                               | 43.2                                                                                                                               | 47.6                                                                                                                               |
| Mizoram                                                                                                                            | 50.3                                                                                                                               | 30.1                                                                                                                               | 40.5                                                                                                                               | 47.7                                                                                                                               | 29.1                                                                                                                               | 38.2                                                                                                                               | 49.1                                                                                                                               | 29.6                                                                                                                               | 39.5                                                                                                                               |
| Nagaland                                                                                                                           | 54.1                                                                                                                               | 42.6                                                                                                                               | 48.2                                                                                                                               | 46.2                                                                                                                               | 31.7                                                                                                                               | 39.1                                                                                                                               | 51.8                                                                                                                               | 39.6                                                                                                                               | 45.7                                                                                                                               |
| Odisha                                                                                                                             | 60.1                                                                                                                               | 39.4                                                                                                                               | 49.5                                                                                                                               | 55.8                                                                                                                               | 22.0                                                                                                                               | 39.2                                                                                                                               | 59.4                                                                                                                               | 36.9                                                                                                                               | 47.9                                                                                                                               |
| Punjab                                                                                                                             | 59.2                                                                                                                               | 26.0                                                                                                                               | 42.7                                                                                                                               | 59.6                                                                                                                               | 17.4                                                                                                                               | 39.0                                                                                                                               | 59.4                                                                                                                               | 22.8                                                                                                                               | 41.3                                                                                                                               |
| Rajasthan                                                                                                                          | 54.4                                                                                                                               | 41.8                                                                                                                               | 48.0                                                                                                                               | 53.1                                                                                                                               | 21.0                                                                                                                               | 37.7                                                                                                                               | 54.0                                                                                                                               | 36.5                                                                                                                               | 45.3                                                                                                                               |
| Sikkim                                                                                                                             | 65.3                                                                                                                               | 64.5                                                                                                                               | 64.9                                                                                                                               | 60.1                                                                                                                               | 24.4                                                                                                                               | 44.6                                                                                                                               | 64.1                                                                                                                               | 55.7                                                                                                                               | 60.2                                                                                                                               |
| Tamil Nadu                                                                                                                         | 58.3                                                                                                                               | 43.3                                                                                                                               | 50.7                                                                                                                               | 57.3                                                                                                                               | 22.9                                                                                                                               | 39.6                                                                                                                               | 57.8                                                                                                                               | 33.9                                                                                                                               | 45.6                                                                                                                               |
| Telangana                                                                                                                          | 59.1                                                                                                                               | 42.6                                                                                                                               | 50.6                                                                                                                               | 54.0                                                                                                                               | 21.9                                                                                                                               | 38.3                                                                                                                               | 57.0                                                                                                                               | 34.7                                                                                                                               | 45.7                                                                                                                               |
| Tripura                                                                                                                            | 63.8                                                                                                                               | 38.7                                                                                                                               | 51.1                                                                                                                               | 55.8                                                                                                                               | 24.8                                                                                                                               | 39.9                                                                                                                               | 62.4                                                                                                                               | 36.2                                                                                                                               | 49.2                                                                                                                               |
| Uttarakhand                                                                                                                        | 53.9                                                                                                                               | 40.7                                                                                                                               | 47.3                                                                                                                               | 53.7                                                                                                                               | 16.2                                                                                                                               | 35.1                                                                                                                               | 53.8                                                                                                                               | 34.4                                                                                                                               | 44.2                                                                                                                               |
| Uttar Pradesh                                                                                                                      | 53.3                                                                                                                               | 27.7                                                                                                                               | 40.6                                                                                                                               | 53.7                                                                                                                               | 12.1                                                                                                                               | 33.8                                                                                                                               | 53.4                                                                                                                               | 24.6                                                                                                                               | 39.2                                                                                                                               |
| West Bengal                                                                                                                        | 62.1                                                                                                                               | 33.0                                                                                                                               | 47.5                                                                                                                               | 62.6                                                                                                                               | 25.4                                                                                                                               | 43.9                                                                                                                               | 62.2                                                                                                                               | 30.8                                                                                                                               | 46.4                                                                                                                               |
| Andaman & N. Island                                                                                                                |                                                                                                                                    | 37.2                                                                                                                               | 50.5                                                                                                                               | 63.1                                                                                                                               |                                                                                                                                    |                                                                                                                                    |                                                                                                                                    |                                                                                                                                    | 40.4                                                                                                                               |
|                                                                                                                                    | 62.8                                                                                                                               |                                                                                                                                    |                                                                                                                                    |                                                                                                                                    | 21.4                                                                                                                               | 42.6                                                                                                                               | 62.9                                                                                                                               | 30.1                                                                                                                               | 47.0                                                                                                                               |
| Chandigarh                                                                                                                         |                                                                                                                                    |                                                                                                                                    |                                                                                                                                    | 57.7                                                                                                                               | 21.2                                                                                                                               | 40.4                                                                                                                               | 57.7                                                                                                                               | 21.2                                                                                                                               |                                                                                                                                    |

| Dadra & Nagar Haveli & Daman & Diu   |   59.5 |   54.3 |   57.0 |   68.5 |   17.8 |   46.8 |   64.8 |   34.4 |   51.1 |
|--------------------------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
| Jammu & Kashmir                      |   53.8 |   38.9 |   46.6 |   55.4 |   18.8 |   37.7 |   54.1 |   35.1 |   44.9 |
| Ladakh                               |   54.3 |   43.3 |   49.3 |   57.5 |   17.3 |   39   |   54.8 |   39.9 |   47.9 |
| Lakshadweep                          |   72.4 |    7.4 |   41.9 |   50.1 |    9   |   30.5 |   56.5 |    8.6 |   33.8 |
| Puducherry                           |   58.5 |   35.4 |   47.1 |   54.6 |   22.7 |   37.6 |   56.1 |   27.2 |   41.1 |
| All India                            |   56.3 |   34.8 |   45.6 |   56.4 |   20.7 |   38.9 |   56.4 |   30.7 |   43.7 |

Note: 1. 2023-24 refers to the period July 2023 - June 2024

2. For Chandigarh, entire area is treated as urban

Source:

Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24

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| Unemployment Rate (UR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Unemployment Rate (UR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Unemployment Rate (UR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Unemployment Rate (UR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Unemployment Rate (UR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Unemployment Rate (UR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Unemployment Rate (UR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Unemployment Rate (UR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Unemployment Rate (UR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   | Unemployment Rate (UR) (in per cent) according to usual status (ps+ss) among different sectors and genders during 2023-24   |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| State/UT                                                                                                                    | UR (in percent) according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS 2023-24 among                                                   | UR (in percent) according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS 2023-24 among                                                   | UR (in percent) according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS 2023-24 among                                                   | UR (in percent) according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS 2023-24 among                                                   | UR (in percent) according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS 2023-24 among                                                   | UR (in percent) according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS 2023-24 among                                                   | UR (in percent) according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS 2023-24 among                                                   | UR (in percent) according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS 2023-24 among                                                   | UR (in percent) according to usual status (ps+ss) from PLFS 2023-24 among                                                   |
|                                                                                                                             | Rural Male                                                                                                                  | Rural Female                                                                                                                | Rural Person                                                                                                                | Urban Male                                                                                                                  | Urban Female                                                                                                                | Urban Person                                                                                                                | (Rural + Urban) Male                                                                                                        | (Rural + Urban) Female                                                                                                      | (Rural + Urban) Person                                                                                                      |
| (1)                                                                                                                         | (2)                                                                                                                         | (3)                                                                                                                         | (4)                                                                                                                         | (5)                                                                                                                         | (6)                                                                                                                         | (7)                                                                                                                         | (8)                                                                                                                         | (9)                                                                                                                         | (10)                                                                                                                        |
| Andhra Pradesh                                                                                                              | 3.8                                                                                                                         | 2.9                                                                                                                         | 3.4                                                                                                                         | 5.5                                                                                                                         | 6.9                                                                                                                         | 5.9                                                                                                                         | 4.3                                                                                                                         | 3.7                                                                                                                         | 4.1                                                                                                                         |
| Arunachal Pradesh                                                                                                           | 5.4                                                                                                                         | 4.6                                                                                                                         | 5.0                                                                                                                         | 9.4                                                                                                                         | 18.1                                                                                                                        | 12.8                                                                                                                        | 6.0                                                                                                                         | 6.2                                                                                                                         | 6.1                                                                                                                         |
| Assam                                                                                                                       | 3.6                                                                                                                         | 3.5                                                                                                                         | 3.5                                                                                                                         | 5.7                                                                                                                         | 11.8                                                                                                                        | 7.4                                                                                                                         | 3.8                                                                                                                         | 4.1                                                                                                                         | 3.9                                                                                                                         |
| Bihar                                                                                                                       | 3.3                                                                                                                         | 0.9                                                                                                                         | 2.6                                                                                                                         | 6.9                                                                                                                         | 9.1                                                                                                                         | 7.3                                                                                                                         | 3.6                                                                                                                         | 1.4                                                                                                                         | 3                                                                                                                           |
| Chhattisgarh                                                                                                                | 1.6                                                                                                                         | 1.3                                                                                                                         | 1.5                                                                                                                         | 6.5                                                                                                                         | 10.6                                                                                                                        | 7.6                                                                                                                         | 2.6                                                                                                                         | 2.4                                                                                                                         | 2.5                                                                                                                         |
| Delhi                                                                                                                       | 3.6                                                                                                                         | 19.5                                                                                                                        | 6.0                                                                                                                         | 2.2                                                                                                                         | 1.1                                                                                                                         | 2.0                                                                                                                         | 2.2                                                                                                                         | 1.5                                                                                                                         | 2.1                                                                                                                         |
| Goa                                                                                                                         | 7.1                                                                                                                         | 13.8                                                                                                                        | 8.9                                                                                                                         | 3.8                                                                                                                         | 18.6                                                                                                                        | 8.2                                                                                                                         | 5.2                                                                                                                         | 16.7                                                                                                                        | 8.5                                                                                                                         |
| Gujarat                                                                                                                     | 0.5                                                                                                                         | 0.2                                                                                                                         | 0.4                                                                                                                         | 2.0                                                                                                                         | 3.3                                                                                                                         | 2.3                                                                                                                         | 1.1                                                                                                                         | 1.0                                                                                                                         | 1.1                                                                                                                         |
| Haryana                                                                                                                     | 3.6                                                                                                                         | 1.7                                                                                                                         | 3.1                                                                                                                         | 4.1                                                                                                                         | 3.3                                                                                                                         | 4.0                                                                                                                         | 3.8                                                                                                                         | 2.2                                                                                                                         | 3.4                                                                                                                         |
| Himachal Pradesh                                                                                                            | 3.2                                                                                                                         | 7.0                                                                                                                         | 5.0                                                                                                                         | 4.8                                                                                                                         | 18.2                                                                                                                        | 9.0                                                                                                                         | 3.4                                                                                                                         | 7.8                                                                                                                         | 5.4                                                                                                                         |
| Jharkhand                                                                                                                   | 0.8                                                                                                                         | 0.0                                                                                                                         | 0.5                                                                                                                         | 5.8                                                                                                                         | 5.8                                                                                                                         | 5.8                                                                                                                         | 1.8                                                                                                                         | 0.5                                                                                                                         | 1.3                                                                                                                         |
| Karnataka                                                                                                                   | 2.5                                                                                                                         | 0.9                                                                                                                         | 1.9                                                                                                                         | 4.1                                                                                                                         | 4.4                                                                                                                         | 4.2                                                                                                                         | 3.1                                                                                                                         | 1.9                                                                                                                         | 2.7                                                                                                                         |
| Kerala                                                                                                                      | 4.6                                                                                                                         | 12.1                                                                                                                        | 7.6                                                                                                                         | 4.2                                                                                                                         | 10.9                                                                                                                        | 6.7                                                                                                                         | 4.4                                                                                                                         | 11.6                                                                                                                        | 7.2                                                                                                                         |
| Madhya Pradesh                                                                                                              | 0.6                                                                                                                         | 0.3                                                                                                                         | 0.5                                                                                                                         | 2.9                                                                                                                         | 2.6                                                                                                                         | 2.8                                                                                                                         | 1.1                                                                                                                         | 0.7                                                                                                                         | 0.9                                                                                                                         |
| Maharashtra                                                                                                                 | 2.8                                                                                                                         | 1.1                                                                                                                         | 2.2                                                                                                                         | 4.9                                                                                                                         | 6.0                                                                                                                         | 5.2                                                                                                                         | 3.7                                                                                                                         | 2.7                                                                                                                         | 3.3                                                                                                                         |
| Manipur                                                                                                                     | 4.7                                                                                                                         | 6.6                                                                                                                         | 5.5                                                                                                                         | 5.6                                                                                                                         | 10.3                                                                                                                        | 7.5                                                                                                                         | 5.0                                                                                                                         | 7.7                                                                                                                         | 6.1                                                                                                                         |
| Meghalaya                                                                                                                   | 3.7                                                                                                                         | 6.6                                                                                                                         | 5.1                                                                                                                         | 8.9                                                                                                                         | 20.6                                                                                                                        | 14.0                                                                                                                        | 4.4                                                                                                                         | 8.2                                                                                                                         | 6.2                                                                                                                         |
| Mizoram                                                                                                                     | 1.5                                                                                                                         | 1.0                                                                                                                         | 1.3                                                                                                                         | 3.2                                                                                                                         | 3.9                                                                                                                         | 3.4                                                                                                                         | 2.2                                                                                                                         | 2.4                                                                                                                         | 2.3                                                                                                                         |
| Nagaland                                                                                                                    | 5.5                                                                                                                         | 5.8                                                                                                                         | 5.7                                                                                                                         | 11.1                                                                                                                        | 11.6                                                                                                                        | 11.3                                                                                                                        | 7.0                                                                                                                         | 7.1                                                                                                                         | 7.1                                                                                                                         |
| Odisha                                                                                                                      | 2.9                                                                                                                         | 2.0                                                                                                                         | 2.6                                                                                                                         | 5.6                                                                                                                         | 9.7                                                                                                                         | 6.8                                                                                                                         | 3.3                                                                                                                         | 2.7                                                                                                                         | 3.1                                                                                                                         |
| Punjab                                                                                                                      | 5.1                                                                                                                         | 6.2                                                                                                                         | 5.4                                                                                                                         | 4.8                                                                                                                         | 8.6                                                                                                                         | 5.6                                                                                                                         | 4.9                                                                                                                         | 6.9                                                                                                                         | 5.5                                                                                                                         |
| Rajasthan                                                                                                                   | 3.5                                                                                                                         | 2.7                                                                                                                         | 3.2                                                                                                                         | 6.5                                                                                                                         | 10.9                                                                                                                        | 7.7                                                                                                                         | 4.3                                                                                                                         | 4.0                                                                                                                         | 4.2                                                                                                                         |
| Sikkim                                                                                                                      | 2.7                                                                                                                         | 1.6                                                                                                                         | 2.2                                                                                                                         | 1.7                                                                                                                         | 6.9                                                                                                                         | 3.0                                                                                                                         | 2.5                                                                                                                         | 2.1                                                                                                                         | 2.3                                                                                                                         |
| Tamil Nadu                                                                                                                  | 3.5                                                                                                                         | 2.7                                                                                                                         | 3.1                                                                                                                         | 3.2                                                                                                                         | 6.0                                                                                                                         | 4.1                                                                                                                         | 3.4                                                                                                                         | 3.8                                                                                                                         | 3.5                                                                                                                         |
| Telangana                                                                                                                   | 3.7                                                                                                                         | 3.1                                                                                                                         | 3.5                                                                                                                         | 6.0                                                                                                                         | 10.4                                                                                                                        | 7.3                                                                                                                         | 4.6                                                                                                                         | 5.0                                                                                                                         | 4.8                                                                                                                         |
| Tripura                                                                                                                     | 1.6                                                                                                                         | 1.2                                                                                                                         | 1.4                                                                                                                         | 2.7                                                                                                                         | 4.4                                                                                                                         | 3.2                                                                                                                         | 1.7                                                                                                                         | 1.6                                                                                                                         | 1.7                                                                                                                         |
| Uttarakhand                                                                                                                 | 4.8                                                                                                                         | 2.7                                                                                                                         | 3.9                                                                                                                         | 3.5                                                                                                                         | 13.0                                                                                                                        | 5.8                                                                                                                         | 4.5                                                                                                                         | 4.0                                                                                                                         | 4.3                                                                                                                         |
| Uttar Pradesh                                                                                                               | 2.6                                                                                                                         | 1.5                                                                                                                         | 2.2                                                                                                                         | 5.7                                                                                                                         | 11.0                                                                                                                        | 6.7                                                                                                                         | 3.3                                                                                                                         | 2.5                                                                                                                         | 3                                                                                                                           |
| West Bengal                                                                                                                 | 2.3                                                                                                                         | 2.3                                                                                                                         | 2.3                                                                                                                         | 2.6                                                                                                                         | 5.0                                                                                                                         | 3.3                                                                                                                         | 2.4                                                                                                                         | 3.0                                                                                                                         | 2.6                                                                                                                         |
| Andaman &                                                                                                                   | 6.9                                                                                                                         | 16.6                                                                                                                        | 10.6                                                                                                                        | 7.0                                                                                                                         | 28.6                                                                                                                        | 13.5                                                                                                                        |                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                             |
| N. Island                                                                                                                   |                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                             | 7.0                                                                                                                         | 20.9                                                                                                                        | 11.8                                                                                                                        |
| Chandigarh                                                                                                                  |                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                             | 3.9                                                                                                                         | 15.3                                                                                                                        | 7.1                                                                                                                         | 3.9                                                                                                                         | 15.3                                                                                                                        | 7.1                                                                                                                         |

| Dadra & Nagar Haveli & Daman & Diu                                                                                                                  | 4.2                                                                                                                                                 | 0.0                                                                                                                                                 | 2.3                                                                                                                                                 | 2.0                                                                                                                                                 | 3.8                                                                                                                                                 | 2.3                                                                                                                                                 | 2.9                                                                                                                                                 | 1.1                                                                                                                                                 | 2.3                                                                                                                                                 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Jammu & Kashmir                                                                                                                                     | 3.5                                                                                                                                                 | 7.1                                                                                                                                                 | 5.0                                                                                                                                                 | 4.8                                                                                                                                                 | 27.2                                                                                                                                                | 11.4                                                                                                                                                | 3.8                                                                                                                                                 | 9.7                                                                                                                                                 | 6.1                                                                                                                                                 |
| Ladakh                                                                                                                                              | 2.0                                                                                                                                                 | 6.6                                                                                                                                                 | 3.9                                                                                                                                                 | 5.6                                                                                                                                                 | 34.4                                                                                                                                                | 13.4                                                                                                                                                | 2.6                                                                                                                                                 | 8.8                                                                                                                                                 | 5.1                                                                                                                                                 |
| Lakshadweep                                                                                                                                         | 1.2                                                                                                                                                 | 49.1                                                                                                                                                | 8.3                                                                                                                                                 | 11.1                                                                                                                                                | 27.2                                                                                                                                                | 13.8                                                                                                                                                | 7.7                                                                                                                                                 | 34.1                                                                                                                                                | 11.9                                                                                                                                                |
| Puducherry                                                                                                                                          | 0.1                                                                                                                                                 | 4.7                                                                                                                                                 | 1.9                                                                                                                                                 | 6.3                                                                                                                                                 | 6.9                                                                                                                                                 | 6.5                                                                                                                                                 | 3.9                                                                                                                                                 | 5.9                                                                                                                                                 | 4.6                                                                                                                                                 |
| All India                                                                                                                                           | 2.7                                                                                                                                                 | 2.1                                                                                                                                                 | 2.5                                                                                                                                                 | 4.4                                                                                                                                                 | 7.1                                                                                                                                                 | 5.1                                                                                                                                                 | 3.2                                                                                                                                                 | 3.1                                                                                                                                                 | 3.2                                                                                                                                                 |
| Note: 1. 2023-24 refers to the period July 2023 - June 2024 2. For Chandigarh, entire area is treated as urban Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 | Note: 1. 2023-24 refers to the period July 2023 - June 2024 2. For Chandigarh, entire area is treated as urban Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 | Note: 1. 2023-24 refers to the period July 2023 - June 2024 2. For Chandigarh, entire area is treated as urban Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 | Note: 1. 2023-24 refers to the period July 2023 - June 2024 2. For Chandigarh, entire area is treated as urban Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 | Note: 1. 2023-24 refers to the period July 2023 - June 2024 2. For Chandigarh, entire area is treated as urban Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 | Note: 1. 2023-24 refers to the period July 2023 - June 2024 2. For Chandigarh, entire area is treated as urban Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 | Note: 1. 2023-24 refers to the period July 2023 - June 2024 2. For Chandigarh, entire area is treated as urban Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 | Note: 1. 2023-24 refers to the period July 2023 - June 2024 2. For Chandigarh, entire area is treated as urban Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 | Note: 1. 2023-24 refers to the period July 2023 - June 2024 2. For Chandigarh, entire area is treated as urban Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 | Note: 1. 2023-24 refers to the period July 2023 - June 2024 2. For Chandigarh, entire area is treated as urban Source: Annual Report, PLFS, 2023-24 |