Lok Sabha Question No. 2774 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-08-06
Subject: Biogas Plants
Ministry: NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
Asked by: Dr. Shrikant Eknath Shinde, Shri Ravindra Dattaram Waikar, Shri Rajesh Verma, Smt. Shambhavi, Shri Vishaldada Prakashbapu Patil, Shri Naresh Ganpat Mhaske

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2774

ANSWERED ON 06.08.2025

## BIOGAS PLANTS

2774. DR. SHRIKANT EKNATH SHINDE SMT. SHAMBHAVI SHRI RAJESH VERMA SHRI RAVINDRA DATTARAM WAIKAR SHRI NARESH GANPAT MHASKE SHRI VISHALDADA PRAKASHBAPU PATIL

Will the Minister of NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of the total number of biogas plants installed in the country along with their biogas production capacity and the quantity of produced biogas being utilised for electricity generation, State and year-wise;
- (b) the details of the rural households benefitted from biogas plants, State and year-wise and the details of the percentage of agricultural and organic waste being utilised for biogas production, year-wise;
- (c) the details of the biogas plants set up since 2021, State and year-wise along with the details of the biogas plants operating at their full efficiency along with the reasons for inefficiencies, if any;
- (d) the measures taken by the Government to improve the quality and calorific value of biogas produced from organic waste; and
- (e) whether any Public Private Partnerships (PPP) or international collaborations are being explored for scaling up biogas projects and if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF  STATE  FOR NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY AND POWER (SHRI SHRIPAD YESSO NAIK)

- (a) The details of state-wise, year-wise, and biogas production capacity-wise installed biogas plants under the National Bioenergy Programme in the country are given in Annexure-I.
- (b) Under the Biogas Programme of Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), a total 35088 number of households benefitted from biogas plants. The State and year wise details are given in Annexure-II. The households-based biogas plants utilize only  cattle dung (organic waste) as raw material for biogas production.

The year-wise details  of  organic  waste  (cattle  dung)  based  biogas  plants  installed  under  the Biogas Programme of MNRE are given in Annexure-III .

(c):  The details of the biogas plants set up since year 2021 is given in Annexure -I . As per the third-party evaluation study conducted by MNRE in total 13 number of States during the year 2020, about 96% installed small biogas plants are found as functional.  The assessment for operational efficiency of the installed biogas plants since 2021 is being carried out by way of third-party evaluation of National Bioenergy Programme .

(d)  The Sardar Swaran Singh National Institute of Bio-Energy (SSS-NIBE), an autonomous Research and Development (R&D) institute of MNRE, is carrying out R&D work using on certain  feedstock  (Napier  grass -energy  crop),  to  enrich  biomethane  in  raw  biogas  and developing other biogas purification technologies for improving biogas quality. Government is also working with academic/research institutions and industries to address technical challenges being faced by the industries in Compressed Biogas (CBG) sector.

(e) Under the Swachh Bharat Mission - Urban 2.0, the central financial assistance is provided for setting up all type of municipal waste management projects including Waste to Energy Plants, wherein the projects under Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode are encouraged to invite private capital in urban infrastructure as well as to bring in private sector efficiency in delivery of urban services and Operation & Maintenance.

On International Collaborations side, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) has collaborated with MNRE on implementing a Global Environment Facility  (GEF)  funded  project 'Organic  Waste  Streams  for  Industrial  Renewable  Energy Applications  in  India ' to  supplement  the  ongoing Waste-to-Energy  program  of  MNRE  by supporting four number of innovative projects in the CBG sector.

*****

## REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO THE LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.2774, Part (a) TO BE ANSWERED ON 06.08.2025 ON 'BIO-GAS PLANTS'.

Table- 1: The number of small biogas plants (ranging from 1 to 25 m 3 biogas generation per day capacity) set up under the Biogas Programme of MNRE during the last three years i.e. from 2022-23 to 2024-25 in the country is given as under: -

| SN    | State/ UT         | Year wise number of installed small biogas plants   | Year wise number of installed small biogas plants   | Year wise number of installed small biogas plants   | Year wise number of installed small biogas plants   |
|-------|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|
| SN    | State/ UT         | 2022-23                                             | 2023-24                                             | 2024-25                                             | Total                                               |
| 1.    | Andhra Pradesh    | 30                                                  | 0                                                   | 58                                                  | 88                                                  |
| 2.    | Arunachal Pradesh | 0                                                   | 200                                                 | 0                                                   | 200                                                 |
| 3.    | Assam             | 0                                                   | 190                                                 | 199                                                 | 389                                                 |
| 4.    | Bihar             | 9                                                   | 29                                                  | 216                                                 | 254                                                 |
| 5.    | Chhattisgarh      | 118                                                 | 400                                                 | 147                                                 | 665                                                 |
| 6.    | Goa               | 11                                                  | 0                                                   | 0                                                   | 11                                                  |
| 7.    | Gujarat           | 224                                                 | 1074                                                | 2370                                                | 3668                                                |
| 8.    | Haryana           | 116                                                 | 239                                                 | 84                                                  | 439                                                 |
| 9.    | Jharkhand         | 0                                                   | 11                                                  | 0                                                   | 11                                                  |
| 10.   | Karnataka         | 186                                                 | 970                                                 | 242                                                 | 1398                                                |
| 11.   | Kerala            | 330                                                 | 201                                                 | 106                                                 | 637                                                 |
| 12.   | Madhya Pradesh    | 2132                                                | 2212                                                | 1916                                                | 6260                                                |
| 13.   | Maharashtra       | 5180                                                | 4707                                                | 4581                                                | 14468                                               |
| 14.   | Manipur           | 0                                                   | 0                                                   | 25                                                  | 25                                                  |
| 15.   | Meghalaya         | 0                                                   | 0                                                   | 1                                                   | 1                                                   |
| 16.   | Mizoram           | 0                                                   | 1                                                   | 0                                                   | 1                                                   |
| 17.   | Nagaland          | 0                                                   | 52                                                  | 0                                                   | 52                                                  |
| 18.   | Odisha            | 97                                                  | 35                                                  | 84                                                  | 216                                                 |
| 19.   | Punjab            | 1031                                                | 1212                                                | 1052                                                | 3295                                                |
| 20.   | Rajasthan         | 20                                                  | 347                                                 | 200                                                 | 567                                                 |
| 21.   | Tamil Nadu        | 46                                                  | 65                                                  | 13                                                  | 124                                                 |
| 22.   | Telangana         | 0                                                   | 12                                                  | 11                                                  | 23                                                  |
| 23.   | Tripura           | 0                                                   | 51                                                  | 110                                                 | 161                                                 |
| 24.   | Uttar Pradesh     | 172                                                 | 167                                                 | 201                                                 | 540                                                 |
| 25.   | Uttarakhand       | 242                                                 | 815                                                 | 379                                                 | 1436                                                |
| 26.   | West Bengal       | 0                                                   | 75                                                  | 84                                                  | 159                                                 |
| Total |                   | 9944                                                | 14413                                               | 12079                                               |                                                     |
|       |                   |                                                     |                                                     |                                                     | 35088                                               |

Note: (a) Considering the majority of installed household biogas plants are of 2 m 3 per  day biogas generation capacity, the cumulative biogas generation per day capacity is 70176 m 3 and these small biogas plants are not used for electricity generation; and (b) MNRE have not allocated the annual target for the FY 2021-22.

Table- 2: The year wise number of medium biogas plants (ranging from above 25 m 3 to 2500 m 3 biogas generation per day capacity) set up under the Biogas Programme of MNRE in the country is given as under:

| SN   | State/ Union Territories   | FY 2021- 22     | FY 2022- 23     | 2023-24         | 2023-24                        | 2024-25         | 2024-25                        | Total          | Total                          |
|------|----------------------------|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------|--------------------------------|-----------------|--------------------------------|----------------|--------------------------------|
| SN   | State/ Union Territories   | No of project s | No of projec ts | No of project s | Installed Capacity (in m3/day) | No of proje cts | Installed Capacity (in m3/day) | No of projects | Installed Capacity (in m3/day) |
| 1.   | Maharashtr a               | -               | -               | -               | -                              | 11              | 8425                           | 11             | 8425                           |
| 2.   | Odisha                     | -               | -               | 1               | 375                            | -               | -                              | 1              | 375                            |
| 3.   | Punjab                     | -               | -               | -               | -                              | 1               | 187.5                          | 1              | 187.5                          |
| 4.   | Tamil Nadu                 | -               | -               | 7               | 16000                          | -               | -                              | 7              | 16000                          |
|      | Total                      | -               | -               | 8               | 16375                          | 12              | 2012.50                        | 20             | 18387.50                       |

Note : 100% biogas being generated in medium size biogas plants is used for power generation.

Table- 3: The year wise number of large biogas plants (above 2500 m 3 biogas generation per day capacity) commissioned under the Waste to Energy programme of MNRE in the country is given as under:

|               | FY 2021-22   | FY 2021-22                   | FY 2022-23   | FY 2022-23                     | FY 2023-24   | FY 2023-24                   | FY 2024-25   | FY 2024-25                   | Total   | Total                       |
|---------------|--------------|------------------------------|--------------|--------------------------------|--------------|------------------------------|--------------|------------------------------|---------|-----------------------------|
| State         | No.          | Installed Capacity (m3/day ) | No.          | Installe d Capacit y (m3/da y) | No .         | Installed Capacity (m3/day ) | No .         | Installed Capacity (m3/day ) | No.     | Installed Capacity (m3/day) |
| Haryana       | -            | -                            | 1            | 6750                           | 1            | 6200                         | -            | -                            | 2       | 12950                       |
| Odisha        | -            | -                            | -            | -                              | -            | -                            | 1            | 10000                        | 1       | 10000                       |
| Telangana     | 3            | 48500                        | -            | -                              | -            | -                            | -            | -                            | 3       | 48500                       |
| Uttar Pradesh | -            | -                            | -            | -                              | -            | -                            | 1            | 9091                         | 1       | 9091                        |
| Uttarakhan d  | -            | -                            | -            | -                              | -            | -                            | 1            | 12960                        | 1       | 12960                       |
| West Bengal   | -            | -                            | 1            | 8400                           | -            | -                            | 1            | 24000                        | 2       | 32400                       |
| Grand Total   | 3            | 48500                        | 2            | 15150                          | 1            | 6200                         | 4            | 56051                        | 10      | 125901                      |

Note : 100% biogas being generated in large scale biogas plants is used for thermal applications.

Table 4: The state-wise and year-wise details of biogas to power projects commissioned under the WTE programme during Phase-I of NBP

| S N   | State         | FY 2021-22   | FY 2021-22                           | FY 2021-22              | FY 2022-23   | FY 2022-23                           | FY 2022-23              | FY 2023-24   | FY 2023-24                           | FY 2023-24              | FY 2024-25   | FY 2024-25                           | FY 2024-25              | Total   | Total                                | Total                   |
|-------|---------------|--------------|--------------------------------------|-------------------------|--------------|--------------------------------------|-------------------------|--------------|--------------------------------------|-------------------------|--------------|--------------------------------------|-------------------------|---------|--------------------------------------|-------------------------|
| S N   | State         | N o.         | Installed Capacity (biogas m 3 /day) | Installed Capacity (MW) | N o.         | Installed Capacity (biogas m 3 /day) | Installed Capacity (MW) | N o .        | Installed Capacity (biogas m 3 /day) | Installed Capacity (MW) | N o .        | Installed Capacity (biogas m 3 /day) | Installed Capacity (MW) | No .    | Installed Capacity (biogas m 3 /day) | Installed Capacity (MW) |
| 1     | Goa           | -            | -                                    | -                       | -            | -                                    | -                       | 2            | 15328                                | 1.60                    | -            | -                                    | -                       | 2       | 15328                                | 1.60                    |
| 2     | Gujarat       | -            | -                                    | -                       | -            | -                                    | -                       | 1            | 24000                                | 1.50                    | 1            | 18000                                | 1.50                    | 2       | 42000                                | 3.00                    |
| 3     | Karnataka     | -            | -                                    | -                       | -            | -                                    | -                       | 1            | 38400                                | 3.00                    | 1            | 240                                  | 0.40                    | 2       | 38640                                | 3.40                    |
| 4     | Maharashtra   | -            | -                                    | -                       | 1            | 15000                                | 1.56                    | -            | -                                    | -                       | 2            | 29100                                | 3.12                    | 3       | 44100                                | 4.68                    |
| 5     | Uttar Pradesh | 1            | 7200                                 | 0.64                    | 4            | 93312                                | 4.40                    | -            | -                                    | -                       | -            | -                                    | -                       | 5       | 100512                               | 5.04                    |
| 6     | West Bengal   | -            | -                                    | -                       | -            | -                                    | -                       | -            | -                                    | -                       | 1            | 24000                                | 1.5                     | 1       | 24000                                | 1.50                    |
|       | Total         | 1            | 7200                                 | 0.64                    | 5            | 108312                               | 5.96                    | 4            | 77728                                | 6.10                    | 5            | 71340                                | 6.52                    | 15      | 264580                               | 19.22                   |

Note: 100% biogas being generated in large size biogas plants is used for power generation.

## REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  THE  LOK  SABHA  UNSTARRED  QUESTION NO.2774, Part (b) TO BE ANSWERED ON 06.08.2025 ON 'BIO-GAS PLANTS'.

Table :  The Year wise number of households benefitted from small biogas plants under the Biogas Programme of MNRE during the last three years i.e. from 2022-23 to 2024-25 in the country is given as under:-

| SN   | State/ Union Territory   | Year wise number of households benefitted from small biogas plants   | Year wise number of households benefitted from small biogas plants   | Year wise number of households benefitted from small biogas plants   | Year wise number of households benefitted from small biogas plants   |
|------|--------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|
| SN   | State/ Union Territory   | 2022-23                                                              | 2023-24                                                              | 2024-25                                                              | Total                                                                |
| 1.   | Andhra Pradesh           | 30                                                                   | 0                                                                    | 58                                                                   | 88                                                                   |
| 2.   | Arunachal Pradesh        | 0                                                                    | 200                                                                  | 0                                                                    | 200                                                                  |
| 3.   | Assam                    | 0                                                                    | 190                                                                  | 199                                                                  | 389                                                                  |
| 4.   | Bihar                    | 9                                                                    | 29                                                                   | 216                                                                  | 254                                                                  |
| 5.   | Chhattisgarh             | 118                                                                  | 400                                                                  | 147                                                                  | 665                                                                  |
| 6.   | Goa                      | 11                                                                   | 0                                                                    | 0                                                                    | 11                                                                   |
| 7.   | Gujarat                  | 224                                                                  | 1074                                                                 | 2370                                                                 | 3668                                                                 |
| 8.   | Haryana                  | 116                                                                  | 239                                                                  | 84                                                                   | 439                                                                  |
| 9.   | Jharkhand                | 0                                                                    | 11                                                                   | 0                                                                    | 11                                                                   |
| 10.  | Karnataka                | 186                                                                  | 970                                                                  | 242                                                                  | 1398                                                                 |
| 11.  | Kerala                   | 330                                                                  | 201                                                                  | 106                                                                  | 637                                                                  |
| 12.  | Madhya Pradesh           | 2132                                                                 | 2212                                                                 | 1916                                                                 | 6260                                                                 |
| 13.  | Maharashtra              | 5180                                                                 | 4707                                                                 | 4581                                                                 | 14468                                                                |
| 14.  | Manipur                  | 0                                                                    | 0                                                                    | 25                                                                   | 25                                                                   |
| 15.  | Meghalaya                | 0                                                                    | 0                                                                    | 1                                                                    | 1                                                                    |
| 16.  | Mizoram                  | 0                                                                    | 1                                                                    | 0                                                                    | 1                                                                    |
| 17.  | Nagaland                 | 0                                                                    | 52                                                                   | 0                                                                    | 52                                                                   |
| 18.  | Odisha                   | 97                                                                   | 35                                                                   | 84                                                                   | 216                                                                  |
| 19.  | Punjab                   | 1031                                                                 | 1212                                                                 | 1052                                                                 | 3295                                                                 |
| 20.  | Rajasthan                | 20                                                                   | 347                                                                  | 200                                                                  | 567                                                                  |
| 21.  | Tamil Nadu               | 46                                                                   | 65                                                                   | 13                                                                   | 124                                                                  |
| 22.  | Telangana                | 0                                                                    | 12                                                                   | 11                                                                   | 23                                                                   |
| 23.  | Tripura                  | 0                                                                    | 51                                                                   | 110                                                                  | 161                                                                  |
| 24.  | Uttar Pradesh            | 172                                                                  | 167                                                                  | 201                                                                  | 540                                                                  |
| 25.  | Uttarakhand              | 242                                                                  | 815                                                                  | 379                                                                  | 1436                                                                 |
| 26.  | West Bengal              | 0                                                                    | 75                                                                   | 84                                                                   | 159                                                                  |
| 27.  | Andhra Pradesh           | 30                                                                   | 0                                                                    | 58                                                                   | 88                                                                   |
|      | Total                    | 9944                                                                 | 14413                                                                | 12079                                                                | 35088                                                                |

Note: (a) considering that one small biogas plant is meeting out the cooking needs of one household; and (b) MNRE have not allocated the annual target for the FY 2021-22.

## REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  THE  LOK  SABHA  UNSTARRED  QUESTION NO.2774, Part (b) TO BE ANSWERED ON 06.08.2025 ON 'BIO-GAS PLANTS'.

Table: The year wise details of cattle dung being utilized for biogas production

| Year    |   Installed biogas plants (numbers) |   Quantum of cattle dung being utilized for installed biogas plants (million ton per annum) |   Quantum of cattle dung generated in the country (million ton per annum) | cattle dung utilization in percent   |
|---------|-------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|
| 2022-23 |                                9944 |                                                                                       0.164 |                                                                     554.8 | 0.03%                                |
| 2023-24 |                               13065 |                                                                                       0.216 |                                                                     554.8 | 0.04%                                |
| 2024-25 |                               12079 |                                                                                       0.199 |                                                                     554.8 | 0.04%                                |
| Total   |                               35088 |                                                                                       0.579 |                                                                    1664.4 | 0.03%                                |

## Note:

- (i) Average dung generation: 10 kg/animal
- (ii) Recovery of dung per cattle: 50 %
- (iii) Dung requirement for 1 m3 of Biogas Production: 25 kg
- (iv) Operational days of biogas plants: 330 days
- (v) Size of biogas plants: 2 m3

Source: 20 th national livestock census (2019), Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Government of India.