Lok Sabha Question No. 1905 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-14
Subject: Extraction of Ground Water
Ministry: JAL SHAKTI
Asked by: Aparupa  Poddar

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF JAL SHAKTI

## DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT & GANGA REJUVENATION

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1905

## ANSWERED ON 14.12.2023

## EXTRACTION OF GROUND WATER

## 1905. SHRIMATI APARUPA PODDAR

Will the Minister of JAL SHAKTI be pleased to state:

(a) whether India extracts the maximum amount of ground water in the World and if so, the details thereof along with the number of borewells in each State, State-wise;

(b) whether the Government has a proposal to move away from borewells and rejuvenate ground water pan India and if so, the details thereof;

(c) the number of households left out of 19.5 crore households, that still do not have potable water connection; and

(d) the total number of villages that have received potable drinking water connection and the number of villages certified by the Gram Panchayat on the access to potable drinking water?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR JAL SHAKTI

## ( SHRI BISHWESWAR TUDU )

(a) No  such  information  is  readily  available.  However,  as  per  'The  United  Nations  World  Water Development  Report  2022  -  GROUNDWATER  Making  the  invisible  visible'  India  is  among  top  ten countries  with  the  highest  shares  in  global  groundwater  withdrawal  in  2017.  The  report  can  be  seen  at https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000380721/PDF/380721eng.pdf.multi

Within  the  country,  the  Dynamic  Ground  Water  Resources  of  the  country  are  being  periodically assessed  jointly  by  Central  Ground  Water  Board  (CGWB)  and  State  Governments.  As  per  the  2023 assessment,  the  Stage  of  Ground  Water  Extraction  (SOE),  which  is  a  measure  of  Annual  Ground  Water Extraction  for  all  uses  (irrigation,  industrial  and  domestic  uses)  over  Annual  Extractable  Ground  Water Resource, is 59% for the country as a whole.

As per the latest (6 th ) Minor Irrigation (MI) Census, the total number of ground water schemes/structures  in  India  is  2,19,32,799  (Dugwell  -  82,78,425;  Shallow  Tubewell  -55,85,839;  Medium Tubewell-43,18,275 & Deep Tubewell - 37,50,260). The State wise details are given in Annexure.

(b) Water being a State subject, the aspects related to water resources including irrigation activities are studied, planned, funded and executed by the State Governments. Identification of challenges or issues for underground water resource recovery or withdrawal through borewells is primarily the responsibility of the State Government.  The Central Government provides technical support and financial assistance through its various  centrally  sponsored  schemes.  The  Government  of  India  has  taken  several  initiatives  to  reduce  the dependency on ground water, to increase the availability of ground water through both natural and artificial means and conserve and rejuvenate water bodies across the country.

Some of the important measures taken by the Central Government for rejuvenating ground water  in the country   can be seen at https://cdnbbsr.s3waas.gov.in/s3a70dc40477bc2adceef4d2c90f47eb82/uploads/2023/02/2023021742.pdf Some of them are listed below: -

- i. Government  of  India  is  implementing  Jal  Shakti  Abhiyan  (JSA)  in  the  country  in  which  special emphasis is being given for rainwater harvesting / groundwater recharge.  First JSA was launched in 2019 in water stressed blocks of 256 districts which continued during the years 2021 and 2022(across entire country both rural and urban areas) with the primary aim to effectively harvest the monsoon rainfall through creation of artificial recharge structures, watershed management, recharge and reuse structures,  intensive  afforestation  and  awareness  generation  etc.  JSA  for  the  year  2023  have  been launched by Hon'ble President of India on 04 March 2023 with the theme 'Source Sustainability for Drinking Water'.
- ii. Hon'ble  Prime  Minister  has  launched  Amrit  Sarovar  Mission  on  24 th April  2022.  The  Mission  is aimed  at  developing  and  rejuvenating  75  water  bodies  in  each  district  of  the  country  as  a  part  of celebration of Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav.
- iii. Department  of  Agriculture  &  Farmers  Welfare  is  implementing  Per  Drop  More  Crop  (PDMC) component of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) which is operational from 2015-16 in  the  Country.  The PMKSY-PDMC mainly focuses on water use efficiency at farm level through precision/micro  irrigation.  Besides  promoting  precision  irrigation  (Drip  and  Sprinkler  Irrigation System)  &  better  on-farm  water  management  practices  (to  optimize  the  use  of  available  water resources), this component also supports micro level water storage or, water conservation/management activities to supplement Micro Irrigation.
- iv. Ministry  of  Jal  Shakti  (MoJS)  has  launched  Atal  Bhujal  Yojana,  a  community  led  scheme  for participatory ground water management focussing on demand side management of ground water. The scheme has been launched in some of the water stressed Gram Panchayats of 7 states, viz. Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. Under this scheme, inter alia, states are incentivized for adopting water efficient agricultural practices like switching over to drips/sprinklers, crop diversification to less water incentive crops, mulching etc.
- v. MoJS has also  issued  advisories  to  States/UTs  to  review  their  free/subsidized  electricity  policy  to farmers, bring suitable water pricing policy and may work further towards crop rotation/diversification/other initiatives to reduce over-dependence on groundwater.
- vi. MoJS is promoting conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater and to reduce over-dependence on groundwater, surface water based Major and Medium irrigation projects have been taken up in the country under PMKSY-AIBP scheme in collaboration with States/UTs.
- vii. The Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA) has been constituted under MoJS under section 3(3) of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 for the purpose of regulation and control of ground water development and management in the country. Abstraction cum use of Groundwater in the country is regulated  by  CGWA by  way  of  issuing  NOCs  as  per  the  provisions  of  its  Guidelines  dated 24.09.2020 which have pan India applicability.
- viii. Bureau of Water Use Efficiency (BWUE) has been set up under MoJS to plan and execute nationwide program for promotion of efficient use of water in irrigation, domestic water supply, municipal and/or industrial uses in the country.
- ix. Master  Plan  for  Artificial  Recharge  to  Groundwater-  2020    has  been  prepared  by  CGWB  in consultation with the States/ UTs which is a macro level plan indicating various structures for the different  terrain  conditions  of  the  country  including  estimated  cost.  Master  Plan  for  Artificial Recharge has been prepared and shared with all the states/UTs for suitable interventions.

(c) As  per  the  information  available,  out  of 19.24  Crore  rural  households  in the  country,  approximately 13.76 Crore (71.51%) households are reported to have tap water supply in their homes as on 07.12.2023. The remaining 5.48 Crore rural households are planned to be covered within the Mission period.

(d) Following 'no one is left out' principle, as on 07.12.2023, more than 2 lakh villages have become 'Har Ghar Jal' i.e. villages with 100% households with tap water supply and out of these, as on 07.12.2023, 90,272 villages have been Har Ghar Jal certified by the respective Gram Sabhas.

***

ANNEXURE

ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1905 TO BE ANSWERED IN LOK SABHA ON 14.12.2023 REGARDING 'EXTRACTION OF GROUND WATER'.

State Wise Total number of Schemes/structures - Ground Water (as per 6 th MI Census)

| S. No   | States/UTs        | Total number of Schemes/structures - Ground Water   | Total number of Schemes/structures - Ground Water   | Total number of Schemes/structures - Ground Water   | Total number of Schemes/structures - Ground Water   | Total number of Schemes/structures - Ground Water   |
|---------|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|
| S. No   | States/UTs        | Dugwell                                             | Shallow Tubewell                                    | Medium Tubewell                                     | Deep Tubewell                                       | Total                                               |
| 1       | Andaman &Nicobar  | 2429                                                | 40                                                  | 0                                                   | 0                                                   | 2469                                                |
| 2       | Andhra Pradesh    | 171301                                              | 198162                                              | 237713                                              | 525593                                              | 1132769                                             |
| 3       | Arunachal Pradesh | 25                                                  | 18                                                  | 2                                                   | 5                                                   | 50                                                  |
| 4       | Assam             | 38                                                  | 151095                                              | 369                                                 | 674                                                 | 152176                                              |
| 5       | Bihar             | 15926                                               | 183878                                              | 455650                                              | 35777                                               | 691231                                              |
| 6       | Chandigarh        | 0                                                   | 0                                                   | 0                                                   | 30                                                  | 30                                                  |
| 7       | Chhattisgarh      | 31414                                               | 27875                                               | 156944                                              | 117354                                              | 333587                                              |
| 8       | Delhi             | 0                                                   | 733                                                 | 129                                                 | 13                                                  | 875                                                 |
| 9       | Goa               | 3932                                                | 71                                                  | 21                                                  | 7                                                   | 4031                                                |
| 10      | Gujarat           | 382286                                              | 303245                                              | 390256                                              | 279040                                              | 1354827                                             |
| 11      | Haryana           | 1005                                                | 20892                                               | 49495                                               | 148073                                              | 219465                                              |
| 12      | Himachal Pradesh  | 431                                                 | 5255                                                | 3600                                                | 1405                                                | 10691                                               |
| 13      | Jammu &Kashmir    | 4725                                                | 4766                                                | 318                                                 | 661                                                 | 10470                                               |
| 14      | Jharkhand         | 160077                                              | 1611                                                | 1209                                                | 520                                                 | 163417                                              |
| 15      | Karnataka         | 134603                                              | 115123                                              | 696702                                              | 330824                                              | 1277252                                             |
| 16      | Kerala            | 52135                                               | 3146                                                | 5301                                                | 1871                                                | 62453                                               |
| 17      | Madhya Pradesh    | 1336682                                             | 419460                                              | 243781                                              | 232720                                              | 2232643                                             |
| 18      | Maharashtra       | 2749088                                             | 131100                                              | 174194                                              | 179583                                              | 3233965                                             |
| 19      | Manipur           | 0                                                   | 0                                                   | 0                                                   | 0                                                   | 0                                                   |
| 20      | Meghalaya         | 149                                                 | 803                                                 | 0                                                   | 5                                                   | 957                                                 |
| 21      | Mizoram           | 34                                                  | 4                                                   | 23                                                  | 0                                                   | 61                                                  |
| 22      | Nagaland          | 12                                                  | 10                                                  | 3                                                   | 10                                                  | 35                                                  |
| 23      | Odisha            | 265554                                              | 42443                                               | 46550                                               | 61434                                               | 415981                                              |
| 24      | Puducherry        | 37                                                  | 625                                                 | 1828                                                | 1341                                                | 3831                                                |
| 25      | Punjab            | 0                                                   | 181189                                              | 418938                                              | 573630                                              | 1173757                                             |
| 26      | Rajasthan         | 834841                                              | 21417                                               | 140380                                              | 478286                                              | 1474924                                             |
| 27      | Sikkim            | 0                                                   | 0                                                   | 0                                                   | 0                                                   | 0                                                   |
| 28      | Tamil Nadu        | 1577198                                             | 89026                                               | 110660                                              | 293934                                              | 2070818                                             |
| 29      | Telangana         | 457784                                              | 76790                                               | 677156                                              | 367519                                              | 1579249                                             |
| 30      | Tripura           | 4                                                   | 1009                                                | 1468                                                | 266                                                 | 2747                                                |
| 31      | Uttarakhand       | 411                                                 | 44838                                               | 5003                                                | 1739                                                | 51991                                               |
| 32      | Uttar Pradesh     | 85224                                               | 3333679                                             | 418316                                              | 106883                                              | 3944102                                             |
| 33      | West Bengal       | 11080                                               | 227536                                              | 82266                                               | 11063                                               | 331945                                              |
|         | Total             | 8278425                                             | 5585839                                             | 4318275                                             | 3750260                                             | 21932799                                            |

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