opensansad/lok-sabha-qa huggingface dataset:
Lok Sabha Question No. 192 (STARRED), answered on 2025-03-12
Subject: Smuggling of  Coal
Ministry: COAL
Asked by: Shri Virendra Singh

(a) to (d):

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF COAL

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 192 TO BE ANSWERED ON 12.03.2025

## Smuggling of Coal

## † *192.  Shri Virendra Singh

Will the Minister of Coal be pleased to state: (a)  whether  corruption  is  taking  place  by  supplying  high  grade  coal  against  the Dispatch Order (DO) for low grade coal; (b) if so, the number of traders prosecuted so far along with the number of traders sent to jail out of them; (c) whether the Government intends to check the ongoing smuggling of good quality coal by allotment through fake DOs in Sahupuri area of Chandauli district in Uttar Pradesh; and (d) if so, the time by which it is likely to be checked and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF COAL AND MINES (SHRI G. KISHAN REDDY)

A statement is laid on the Table of the House. ******

STATEMENT REFERRED IN REPLY TO PARTS (A) TO (D) IN RESPECT OF LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 192 FOR REPLY ON 12.03.2025 REGARDING 'SMUGGLING OF COAL' ASKED BY SHRI VIRENDRA SINGH.

(a) No corruption case of supplying high grade coal against the Dispatch Order (DO) for low grade coal has been established in the Ministry. (b) (c) and (d): Does not arise in view of (a) above.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 191 (STARRED), answered on 2025-03-12
Subject: Violation of Consumer Rights by Automobile Companies
Ministry: CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION
Asked by: Shri Chavda Vinod Lakhamshi, Shri Vishnu Datt Sharma

## Government of India Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution Department of Consumer Affairs

## LOK  SABHA

## STARRED QUESTION NO. *191

TO BE ANSWERED ON 12.03.2025

## VIOLATION OF CONSUMER RIGHTS BY AUTOMOBILE COMPANIES

- *191.  SHRI CHAVDA VINOD LAKHAMSHI: SHRI VISHNU DATT SHARMA:

Will the Minister of CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government is cognizant of the fact that automobile companies, by exploiting consumer demand,  deliberately  exclude  automatic  transmission  options  from  base  models  resulting  in  higher costs for consumers and unjust enrichment of companies who prioritise profits over consumer needs and preferences;
- (b) if  so,  whether any efforts are being made or any study team has been set up by the Government to address this issue of lack of transparency, discriminatory pricing, unfair trade practice and violation of consumer rights by automobile companies; and
- (c) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION (SHRI PRALHAD JOSHI)

(a) to (c)  :   A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

*****

STATEMENT  REFERRED  IN  REPLY  TO  PARTS  (a)  TO  (c)  OF  LOK  SABHA STARRED  QUESTION  NO.*191  FOR  12.03.2025  REGARDING  VIOLATION  OF CONSUMER RIGHTS BY AUTOMOBILE COMPANIES.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

No such complaint has been received in the National Consumer Helpline (NCH) of the Department of Consumer Affairs.

.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 188 (STARRED), answered on 2025-03-12
Subject: Resumption of Services of Discontinued Trains in Odisha
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: Shri Pradeep Purohit

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA

## STARRED QUESTION NO. 188 TO BE ANSWERED ON 12.03.2025

## RESUMPTION OF SERVICES OF DISCONTINUED TRAINS IN ODISHA

*188 SHRI PRADEEP PUROHIT:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

- (a)  whether  the  Government is  aware  that  several  express  and passenger trains have been discontinued or are not stopping at Bargarh, Attabira, Barpali (Bargarh district) and Belpahar, Brajrajnagar (Jharsuguda district), Odisha thereby causing inconvenience to passengers;
- (b) whether the Government has received any representations or requests  from  public  representatives/local  authorities  regarding the resumption of these train stoppages;
- (c) if so, the details thereof and the action taken thereon;
- (d)  whether  the  Government  has  conducted  any  review  or feasibility study for reinstating train services at these stations to facilitate better connectivity for passengers, students and traders; and
- (e) if so, the details thereof along with the steps being taken to resume  the  services  of  these  trains  at  the  above  mentioned stations along with the expected timeline for the same?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF RAILWAYS, INFORMATION & BROADCASTING AND

ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

(SHRI ASHWINI VAISHNAW)

- (a) to (e) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

*****

STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (a) TO (e) OF LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO.188 TO BE ANSWERED ON 12.03.2025

(a)  to  (e)  Representations/requests,  both  formal  and  informal,  are received from State Governments, Ministries of Central Government, Elected Representatives, Consultative Committees etc. by Railways at  various  levels  including  Railway  Board,  Zonal  Railways,  Division office etc. As receipt of such representations/requests is a continuous  and  dynamic  process,  centralized  compendium  of  such representations/requests is not maintained. However, the representation/request etc. are dealt as per laid down procedure/guidelines  and  action  as  found  feasible  and  justified  is taken from time to time.

## The details of train services serving these stations are as under:

|   S.No. | Name of Station   | No. of trains serving   |
|---------|-------------------|-------------------------|
|       1 | 52                | Bargarh Road            |
|       2 | 10                | Attabira                |
|       3 | 20                | Barpali                 |
|       4 | 20                | Belpahar                |
|       5 | Brajrajnagar      | 24                      |

Besides,  provision  of  stoppage  of  train  services  is  an  on-going process  on  Indian  Railways  which  is  dependent  on  factors  like traffic justification, operational feasibility,  competing  demands, availability of alternative services, etc.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 183 (STARRED), answered on 2025-03-12
Subject: Atal Tinkering Labs
Ministry: PLANNING
Asked by: Smt. D K Aruna, Shri Suresh Kumar Shetkar

- *183.   SMT. D K ARUNA:
- SHRI SURESH KUMAR SHETKAR: Will the Minister of PLANNING be pleased to state:
- (a) whether fifty thousand Atal Tinkering Labs are likely to be set up in Government schools in next five years to cultivate the spirit of curiosity and innovation and foster a scientific temper among young minds; and
- (b) if so, the details thereof and the progress made in this regard along with the funds sanctioned/spent for the purpose in the country including Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, State/District-wise?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION; MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF PLANNING AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF CULTURE

(RAO INDERJIT SINGH)

- (a). & (b): A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

*****

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PLANNING

## LOK SABHA

## STARRED QUESTION No. 183 TO BE ANSWERED 12.03.2025

## ATAL TINKERING LABS

## STATEMENT  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PARTS  (a)  &  (b)  OF  LOK  SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 183* REGARDING ATAL TINKERING LABS BY SMT. D K ARUNA: SHRI SURESH KUMAR SHETKAR:

- (a) &  (b)  Yes  Sir,  the  Department  of  School  Education  and  Literacy,  Ministry  of  Education (MoE) will set up 50000 Atal Tinkering Labs (ATLs) in the Govt. Secondary Schools in the next  five  years.  The  Finance  Minister  in  the  Union  Budget  2025  announced  that  Fifty thousand Atal  Tinkering  Labs  will  be  set  up  in  Government  schools  in  the  next  5  years  to cultivate  the  spirit  of  curiosity  and  innovation,  and  foster  a  scientific  temper  among  young minds.  The  plan  for  this  is  under  preparation  by  the  Department  of  School  Education  and Literacy, MoE

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2300 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-03-12
Subject: Promotion of BSNL and MTNL
Ministry: COMMUNICATION
Asked by: Smt. Geniben Nagaji Thakor

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2300 TO BE ANSWERED ON 12 TH  MARCH, 2025

## PROMOTION OF BSNL AND MTNL

## †2300.  SMT. GENIBEN NAGAJI THAKOR:

Will the Minister of COMMUNICATION be pleased to state:

- (a) the steps being taken by the Government to promote BSNL and MTNL;
- (b) whether the said companies are being privatised by the Government; and
- (c) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR COMMUNICATIONS AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT (DR. PEMMASANI CHANDRA SEKHAR)

- ( a ) Government has taken various steps to promote BSNL and MTNL as mentioned below:
-  In 2019, first revival package amounting to around Rs. 69 Thousand Crores was given that brought down the operating costs of BSNL/MTNL.
-  In 2022, revival package amounting to around Rs. 1.64 Lakh Crores was given. It focused on infusing fresh capital, restructuring debt, viability gap funding for rural telephony etc.
-  In 2023, Government approved the allotment of 4G/5G spectrum to BSNL with the total outlay of around Rs. 89 Thousand Crores.
-  In  addition  to these  revival  packages, the Union Cabinet  on 07.02.2025 has approved an additional CAPEX support of Rs. 6,982 Crores to BSNL.

As a result of these packages, BSNL has started earning operating profits from F.Y. 2020-21.

( b ) & ( c ) No.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2298 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-03-12
Subject: Railway Over Bridges at Various Locations Near Laksar Junction
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: Shri Trivendra Singh Rawat

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.2298 TO BE ANSWERED ON 12.03.2025

## RAILWAY OVER BRIDGES AT VARIOUS LOCATIONS NEAR LAKSAR JUNCTION

†2298. SHRI TRIVENDRA SINGH RAWAT:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Government  has  any  proposal  to  construct Railway  Over  Bridges  (ROBs)  at  various  locations  on  Laksar Junction to Roorkee-Saharanpur railway line and Laksar-Haridwar-
- Dehradun railway line in Uttarakhand;
- (b) if so, the number of Railway Over Bridges constructed so far along with the status thereof;
- (c) the  number  of  railway  overbridges  under  construction  at present and the time frame fixed for their construction; and
- (d) the details of future plans of the Government  for the convenience of passengers and smooth operation of traffic?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF RAILWAYS, INFORMATION & BROADCASTING AND ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

(SHRI ASHWINI VAISHNAW)

(a)  to  (d):  Sanctioning  of  works  of  Road  over  Bridge  (ROB)/Road under Bridge (RUB) in lieu of Level crossings (LCs) is a continuous and dynamic process of Indian Railway. Such works are prioritised and  taken  up  on  the  basis  of its impact  on  safety  in  train operations, mobility of trains & impact for road users and feasibility etc.

Nos. of ROBs/RUBs constructed on Indian Railways during the period 2004-14 vis a vis 2014-24 is as under:

| Period   | ROBs/RUBs constructed           |
|----------|---------------------------------|
| 2004-14  | 4,148 Nos.                      |
| 2014-24  | 11,945 Nos. (about three times) |

As  on  01.02.2025,  4344  Nos.  ongoing  ROBs/RUBs  works  are sanctioned  at  the  cost  of  ₹  97,422  crore  on  Indian  Railways including  8  Nos.  of  Road  Over  Bridge  (ROB)/Road  Under  Bridge (RUB) works at cost of ₹ 152 crore in the state of Uttarakhand.

33  Nos.  ROBs  /  RUBs  exist  on  Laksar  Junction  -  RoorkeeSaharanpur  and Laksar-HaridwarDehradun  railway lines and presently,  06  Nos.  ROBs  /  RUBs  works  are  sanctioned  on  these lines which are at various stages of planning and execution.

Completion & commissioning of ROB/RUB works depends on various  factors  like  cooperation  of   State  Governments  in  giving consent for closure of LC,  fixing of approach alignment, approval of  General  Arrangement  Drawing (GAD), land acquisition, removal of encroachment, shifting of infringing utilities, statutory clearances from various authorities,  law and order situation in the area of project / work sites,  duration of working season in a year for the particular project / area  due to climatic conditions etc.  All these factors affect the completion time of the projects / works.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2293 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-03-12
Subject: Voluntary Retirement Scheme in BSNL
Ministry: COMMUNICATION
Asked by: Dr. Dharamvira Gandhi

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2293 TO BE ANSWERED ON 12 TH  MARCH, 2025

## VOLUNTARY RETIREMENT SCHEME IN BSNL

## 2293.   DR. DHARAMVIRA GANDHI:

Will the Minister of COMMUNICATION be pleased to state:

(a) whether the Government has conducted an assessment of the factors contributing to Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited's (BSNL) in substantial revenue generation and if so, the details of said assessment;

(b) whether the findings of these assessments support the decision to reduce BSNL's workforce by 35% through the Voluntary Retirement Scheme (VRS) and if so, the rationale for this measure;

(c) the  steps being  taken to ensure that the VRS initiative for BSNL does not face the same challenges as previous VRS initiatives for Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL), which failed to improve its financial performance; and

(d) the Government's response to concerns raised by the recognised employee union regarding the VRS initiative and the measures planned to address their grievances effectively?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR COMMUNICATIONS AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT (DR. PEMMASANI CHANDRA SEKHAR)

( a ) to ( d ) The  Government  approved  the  first  Revival  package  in  2019  to  bring  down  the operating cost of BSNL by Debt restructuring through Sovereign Guarantee Bonds as well as VRS. After implementation of VRS in 2019, the employee cost of BSNL got reduced by 51 % . As a result of above, BSNL started earning operating profit from 2020-21.

The  revenue  of  BSNL  is  impacted  due  to  delay  in  roll  out  of  4G  services  as  well  as  stiff competition in the mobile segment. Under Atmanirbhar intiative, BSNL awarded Purchase Order for one lakh 4G Sites. As on 05.03.2025, total of 83,629 numbers 4G sites have been installed, out of which 74,123 numbers are on air.

At present, no proposal for VRS in BSNL is under consideration in the Department.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2291 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-03-12
Subject: Operational Mining Leases in Rajasthan
Ministry: MINES
Asked by: Shri Bhajan Lal Jatav

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF MINES

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO - †2291

ANSWERED ON 12.03.2025

## OPERATIONAL MINING LEASES IN RAJASTHAN

†2291. SHRI BHAJAN LAL JATAV: Will the Minister of MINES be pleased to state: (a) the total number of operational mining leases in Rajasthan, district-wise; (b)  the  details  regarding  the  number of operational mines and crushers in KarauliDholpur and Bharatpur along with their names; (c)  whether  the  rules  of  environmental  protection  and  pollution  control  are  being followed in the said mines; and (d) if so, the number of illegal mining cases registered during the last year?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF COAL AND MINES (SHRI G. KISHAN REDDY)

(a)  98  major  mining  leases are  operational  in  the State  of  Rajasthan.  District-wise number of operational leases is given at Annexure - I.

(b)  to  (d).   There  are  no  mining  leases  for  major  minerals  in  Karauli-Dholpur  and Bharatpur districts.

- *****

Annexure I ANNEXURE  REFERRED  TO  AT  PART  'A'  IN  REPLY  TO  LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED  QUESTION  NO.  2291  REGARDING  'OPERATIONAL  MINING LEASES IN RAJASTHAN'.

## District-wise number of operational leases in Rajasthan:

| S. No.   | District      |   No. of Operational Mines |
|----------|---------------|----------------------------|
| 1        | Ajmer         |                          9 |
| 2        | Banswara      |                          2 |
| 3        | Barmer        |                         10 |
| 4        | Bhilwara      |                          6 |
| 5        | Bundi         |                          1 |
| 6        | Chittorgarh   |                         11 |
| 7        | Jaipur        |                          4 |
| 8        | Jaisalmer     |                         10 |
| 9        | Jalore        |                          1 |
| 10       | Jhunjhunu     |                          7 |
| 11       | Kota          |                          1 |
| 12       | Nagaur        |                          9 |
| 13       | Pali          |                          8 |
| 14       | Pali, Udaipur |                          1 |
| 15       | Rajsamand     |                          3 |
| 16       | Sikar         |                          1 |
| 17       | Sirohi        |                          5 |
| 18       | Tonk          |                          1 |
| 19       | Udaipur       |                          8 |
|          | Total         |                         98 |
Lok Sabha Question No. 2289 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-03-12
Subject: Group 'A' Service Status to Railway Protection Force
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: Shri Sudhakar Singh, Shri Rajeev Rai

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2289

TO BE ANSWERED ON 12.03.2025

## GROUP 'A' SERVICE STATUS TO RAILWAY PROTECTION FORCE

2289. SHRI SUDHAKAR SINGH: SHRI RAJEEV RAI:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

(a)  whether  it  is  a  fact  that  the  Union  Government,  in  light  of  High Court  and  Supreme  Court  decisions,  approved  to  Grant  Organised Group 'A' Service status to Indian Railway Protection Force (RPF) and the  consequential  benefits  of  Non-Functional  Financial  Upgradation with  effect  from  1.1.2006  and  Non-Functional  Selection  Grade  with effect from 6.6.2000; and

(b) if so, the details and the current implementation status thereof?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF RAILWAYS, INFORMATION & BROADCASTING AND ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

## (SHRI ASHWINI VAISHNAW)

(a)  &  (b):    Yes,  Sir.    In  compliance  of  Cabinet  decision  dated 10.07.2019,  Ministry of Railways has granted Organised Group 'A' Status to Railway Protection Force vide Office Memorandum dated 11.07.2019.    Consequential  benefits  of  Non-Functional  Financial Upgradation (NFFU) with effect from 01.01.2006 and Non Functional Selection  Grade  (NFSG)  @  30%  of  Senior  Duty  Post  (SDP)  w.e.f 06.06.2000 have also been granted.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2287 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-03-12
Subject: Protocol for the Members of Parliament
Ministry: PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS
Asked by: Shri Patel Umeshbhai Babubhai

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO-2287 TO BE ANSWERED ON 12.03.2025

## PROTOCOL FOR THE MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT

## 2287 Shri Patel Umeshbhai Babubhai:

Will the Minister of Parliamentary Affairs be pleased to state:

- (a) whether there are any rules regarding protocol for the Members of Parliament;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether  the  Government  is  aware  that  the  administrative  officers  in  Daman and  Diu  neither  inform  the  Member  of  Parliament  about  any  meeting  that concerns the common people nor they reply to the letters of the Member of Parliament  and  also  they  do  not  follow  the  protocol  for  the  Member  of Parliament;
- (d) if so, whether the Government is making any efforts to ensure that the rules of protocol for the Members of Parliament are adhered to; and
- (e) if so, the details of the efforts being made in this regard?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS; AND MINISTER OF STATE INDEPENDENT CHARGE IN THE MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE

## (SHRI ARJUN RAM MEGHWAL)

As  per  inputs  provided  by  Ministry  of  Personnel  Public  Grievances  and  Pensions, Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances and Ministry of Home Affairs para-wise reply to the Question is as under: -

- (a) to (e) Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances has laid down  the  procedures  and  guidelines  as  contained  in  the  Central  Secretariat Manual of Office Procedure (CSMOP) for dealing with letters received from Members  of  Parliament  (MPs)  to  Union  Ministers  and  Ministries.  The Department of Personnel and Training has also issued consolidated guidelines

on official  dealings  between  the  Administration  and  Members of parliament and State Legislatures. These guidelines are reiterated from time to time.

Further,  Ministry  of  Home  Affairs  has  intimated  that  the  administrative officers in the DNH&DD Administration comply with instructions of Department of Personnel and Training in letter and spirit with regard to their official dealings with  Hon'ble  MP.  All  correspondence  received  from  the  Hon'ble  MP  is  duly acknowledged  and  either  promptly  replied  to  or  forwarded  to  the  appropriate officials  for  review  and  action.  In  addition,  all  senior  officers  of  the  DNH&DD Administration respond to the Hon'ble MPs phone calls with the utmost courtesy and politeness. A bilingual factual report on the issue has already been furnished to the Lok Sabha Secretariat by the Ministry of Home Affairs on 09.10.2024.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2283 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-03-12
Subject: Rare Earth Elements
Ministry: ATOMIC ENERGY
Asked by: Thiru Arun Nehru

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA DEPARTMENT OF ATOMIC ENERGY LOK   SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO - 2283 ANSWERED ON 12/03/2025 RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

## 2283.  THIRU ARUN NEHRU

Will the PRIME MINISTER be pleased to state:-

- (a) the  action  taken  by  the  Government  to  ensure  indigenous  availability  of  Rare  Earth Elements that are important for Electric Vehicles; and
- (b) the details of projects undertaken across the country in various stages for development of such Rare Earth Vehicles?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES AND PENSIONS AND PRIME MINISTER'S OFFICE (DR. JITENDRA SINGH)

- (a) & (b) Nd (Neodymium), Pr (Praseodymium), Dy (Dysprosium) & Tb (Terbium) are the Rare Earth Elements (REE) which are important for Electric Vehicles (EV's). While Nd & Pr qualify under light REE, Dy & Tb qualify under Heavy REE. The primary source of RE in India is Monazite, a prescribed substance as per the Atomic Energy Act 1962. The RE content in this source is very lean to the tune of 0.056% to 0.058% and predominantly contain light REEs. Heavy REEs like Dy & Tb are not found in economically extractable quantities.  A  Central  Public  Sector  Enterprise  (CPSE)  under  Department  of  Atomic Energy (DAE) has set up plants to extract RE from the lean source as RE concentrate in the form of mixed RE chloride and separated High Pure Rare Earths (HPRE) including Nd & Pr.