Lok Sabha Question No. 309 (STARRED), answered on 2024-12-17
Subject: Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0
Ministry: RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: Shri Vijayakumar Alias Vijay Vasanth, Shri Manickam Tagore B

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

## DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 309 ANSWERED ON 17/12/2024

## SWACHH BHARAT MISSION 2.0

- *309. SHRI VIJAYAKUMAR ALIAS VIJAY VASANTH: SHRI MANICKAM TAGORE B:

Will the Minister of RURAL DEVELOPMENTbe pleased to state:

- (a) the  measures  taken  by  the  Government  to  expedite  the remediation of legacy waste  dumpsites, considering only 19.43% have been completed;
- (b) the details of funds allocated and utilized for the legacy waste management project under SBM 2.0, scheme-wise;
- (c) the  manner  in  which  the    Government  addresses  health  and environmental  risks  arising  from  legacy  waste  dumpsites, particularly in densely populated areas;
- (d) the timeline for completing the remediation of all 2,424 legacy waste dumpsites and the key milestones to be achieved;
- (e) the  reasons  for  delays  in  implementing  SBM  2.0  and  legacy waste management projects;
- (f) the  manner  in  which  the  Government  ensures  community engagement and participation in waste management initiatives under SBM 2.0; and
- (g) the details of steps taken to enhance waste segregation and recycling infrastructure in urban and rural areas?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

(SHRI SHIVRAJ SINGH CHOUHAN)

- (a) to (g):       A statement is laid on the Table of the House.

STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) TO (g) OF THE LOK  SABHA  STARRED  QUESTION  NO.  *309  FOR  REPLY  ON 17.12.2024

(a)  to  (g):As  per  information  provided  by  Ministry  of  Housing  and Urban Affairs  (MoHUA),  Swachh  Bharat  Mission-Urban  (SBM-U)  2.0 has been launched on October 1, 2021 for a period of five years with a  vision  of  achieving  safe  sanitation,  scientific  management  of  all fractions of waste and remediation of legacy dumpsites.

Legacy dumpsites have been created over decades and pose a very challenging task. For the first time, the task of knocking down these garbage-dumps has been taken up at a national scale under

Swachh Bharat Mission.

As per  data  uploaded  by  the  State  /UT  Governments  on prescribed portal at https://sbmurban.org/, a total of 2429 dumpsites (with more than 1000 tonnes of waste) 23.57 crore Metric Ton (MT) of  waste  have  been  identified  for  remediation,  which  collectively occupy  14,881.37  acres  of  land.  As  on  12 th   December,  2024,  659 dumpsites have been reported to have been remediated completely and work in 1176 sites are under progress. A cumulative of 11.40 crore MT  (48%) of waste has been reported to have been remediated  and  6012.86  acres  (40%)  land  has  been  reclaimed.  A public dashboard also captures data reported by Urban Local Bodies (ULBs)  at  https://swachhurban.org  for  transparency  and  project monitoring.

Funds are released for remediation of legacy waste dumpsites under  Solid  Waste  Management  (SWM)  component  of  SBM-U  2.0. Proposals worth Rs. 9197.35 crore having admissible central share of  Rs.  3697.90  crore  has  been  approved  for  remediation  of  legacy waste dumpsite. From the approved central share for legacy waste, released  based  on an  amount  of  Rs.  868.49  crore  has  been utilization of funds by ULBs.

Sanitation is a State subject under 7 th schedule of the constitution.  It  is  the  responsibility  of  State/ULBs  to  plan,  design, execute and operate sanitation projects in the urban areas of the country.  MoHUA  supplements  by  providing  support  to  States/UTs through SBM-U by framing of policy, central financial assistance and technical support for safe sanitation, solid waste management, safe disposal in scientific landfills and legacy dumpsite remediation.

To support the cities to handle these projects in a timely and environmental  friendly  manner,  Guidelines  for  Disposal  of  Legacy Waste  by  Central  Pollution  Control  Board  (CPCB),  an  Advisory  on Landfill  Reclamation  and  a  model  framework  for  segregation  to manage  Municipal  Solid  Waste  (MSW)  through  segregation,  reuse and  recycling  have  been  shared  with  States/UTs.  Also  a  Model Procurement  Document  has  been  prepared  by  MoHUA  and  shared with all States to expedite the bidding process.

The major challenges faced by cities in efficient Municipal Solid Waste  Management  (MSWM)  have  been  identified  and  accordingly various form of support are being provided by Government of India, inter-alia:

- i. Additional  Central  Assistance  (ACA)  at  varying  rates  of  25%, 33%  and  50%  for  different  population  category  of  cities  for setting up of waste processing facilities such as compost, biomethanation, waste-to-energy, Material Recovery Facility (MRF),  Construction  &  Demolition  Waste  processing,  etc  to increase the waste processing rates.
- ii. Technical  support  is  being  provided  by  way  of  manuals, advisories,  designs,  protocols  covering  all  aspects  of  SWM including planning, designing and operation and maintenance.
- iii. The  Mission  also  encourages  adoption  of  locally  innovated, cost-effective solutions and business models in sanitation and solid waste management by small scale and private entrepreneurs  and  start-ups,  through  investments  in  R&D, technology  challenges,  and  facilitation  for  inclusion  in  GeM, etc.
- iv. The 'SwachhSurvekshan' launched by Government has encouraged a spirit of healthy competition between cities to compete  for  achieving  better  position  in  this  survey  of  the cleanliness in cities.
- v. Government has launched a 'Star Rating Protocol for Garbage Free Cities' to motivate cities to achieve garbage free status.
- vi. Funds  for  Capacity  Building  (CB)  are  provided  to  State  and cities to create institutional capacity to effectively implement programmatic interventions to achieve mission objectives.
- vii. Funds  for  Information,  Education  and  Communication(IEC)  is also provided to State and cities to ensure awareness creation alongwith large scale citizen outreach to intensify 'Jan

Andolan' and institutionalize swachh behavior and related set of  actions,  towards  achieving  the  vision  of  Garbage  Free cities.

- viii. MoHUA has issued National Behaviour Change Communication Framework to provide knowledge and awareness to States and ULBs on new mediums of engagement, approaches to various kinds  of  messaging,  design  of  campaigns,  and  mobilizing diverse stakeholders through strategic collaboration/ partnerships to scale up initiatives.

Further, as informed by Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation,  Ministry  of  Jal  Shakti,  the  following  steps  have  been taken/being taken to ensure community and participation in waste management :-

-  Campaign  'Swachhata  Hi  Sewa  (SHS-2024)  Campaign  under the theme SwabhavSwachhata, SanskaarSwachhata, was organized  from  17th  September  2024  to  2nd  October  2024, followed  by  Swachh  Bharat  Diwas  to  mark  the  conclusion  of the Swachhata Hi Seva (SHS) 2024 campaign. A total of 30.91 crore People Participation has been reported during SHS.
-  A series of campaigns has been started on MyGov  to popularize  the  message  of  Swachh  Bharat  Mission-Grameen (SBM-G) Phase II at the grassroots level viz, 7 Day Swachhata Challenge,  Reel  Contest  for  10  Years  of  Swachh  Bharat Mission,  Article  Writing  Contest  for  Swachh  Bharat:  10  Year Journey of Change, etc.
-  Recently  a  campaign  'HamaraShauchalaya-HamaraSamman' has been organized from 19th  November,  2024 to 10th December, 2024.

Phase-II of Swachh Bharat Mission (Grameen) is being implemented during the period from 2020-21 to 2024-25 with the aim to sustain Open  Defecation  Free  (ODF)  status  and  Solid  and  Liquid  Waste Management (SLWM). Solid Waste Management (SWM) is important component of SBM (G). There is provision of Rs. 16 lakh per block for  setting  up  of  Plastic  Waste  Management  Unit  (PWMU)  at block/district level. The following strategies have been adopted for

Solid waste management in villages:

- i. Focus on household level segregation of wastes. Setting up of segregation and storage units at village level.

- ii. Provision  for  collection  and  transportation  of  waste  from households.  Funding  provision  for  purchasing  vehicles  for transportation under the programme.
- iii. Management of bio degradable waste through household/community level compost pits, bio-gas plants.

So far Ministry of Rural Development is concerned, under Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme, rural sanitation-related  works,  such  as  individual  household  latrines, school  toilet  units,  Anganwadi  toilets,  either  independently  or  in convergence  with  schemes  of  other  government  departments  and unskilled  wage  components  for  the  construction  of  community sanitary complexes in convergence with the Swachh Bharat Mission (Grameen)  to  achieve  'open  defecation  free'  status  and  solid  and liquid waste management as per prescribed norms, are permissible activities.

Under Pradhan Mantri Gram SadakYojana (PMGSY), to promote costeffective and fast construction, roads are being constructed using, inter-alia, waste materials like waste plastic, cold mix, geo-textiles, fly-ash,  iron  and  copper  slag  etc.,  locally  available  materials  and green technologies such as cold mix technology, cement concrete block,  cell  filled  concrete,  panelled  cement  concrete,  and  soil stabilization technologies like cement stabilization. These technologies  lead  to  savings  in  aggregates/  fuel/  bitumen.  The Ministry has also introduced one of the latest methodologies in the field of road construction called as Full Depth Reclamation (FDR). It is  a  sustainable technology for pavement rehabilitation, least cost alternative, and thinner surface course. It increases the structural capacity  of  new  pavement  by  providing  a  stronger  and  more consistent base.

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