Lok Sabha Question No. 1261 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-11
Subject: Number of Jobs Created in Formal/Informal Sectors
Ministry: LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
Asked by: V. Kalanidhi, D. Ravikumar

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1261

TO BE ANSWERED ON 11 TH  DECEMBER, 2023

## NUMBER OF JOBS CREATED IN FORMAL/INFORMAL SECTORS

1261.     DR. KALANIDHI VEERASWAMY: SHRI RAVIKUMAR D.:

Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) the details and number of jobs created in the formal and informal sectors in the financial years 2022-23, 2023-24, State/UT-wise;
- (b) whether it is a fact that the participation of marginalized groups into the formal sector is very poor; and
- (c) if so, the details for the last four quarters, State/UT-wise?

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT

## ANSWER (SHRI RAMESWAR TELI)

(a)  to  (c):    The  data  on  Employment  and  Unemployment  is  collected  through Periodic  Labour  Force  Survey  (PLFS)  which  is  conducted  by  the  Ministry  of Statistics  &  Programme  Implementation  (MoSPI)  since  2017-18.  The  survey period is July to June every year.

As per the latest  available  Annual  PLFS  Reports,  the  estimated  Worker Population Ratio (WPR), including formal and informal sector, on usual status for persons of age 15 years and above during the years 2020-21 to 2022-23 is as follows:

| Years   |   Worker Population Ratio (in %) |
|---------|----------------------------------|
| 2020-21 |                             52.6 |
| 2021-22 |                             52.9 |
| 2022-23 |                             56   |

Source: PLFS, MoSPI

The  data  indicates  that  the  Worker  Population  Ratio  (WPR),  indicating employment, has an increasing trend over the years.

The  State/UT-wise  estimated  Worker  Population  Ratio  (WPR)  on  usual status for persons of age 15 years and above during 2020-21 to 2022-23 is at Annexure.

Employees' Provident Fund Organization (EPFO) data covers the low paid workers  in medium  and  large  establishments  of  formal  sector. EPFO  is publishing its monthly Payroll Data since September, 2017 which gives an idea of  the  level  of  employment  in  the  formal  sector.  The  net  addition  in  EPF subscribers during the years 2018-19 to 2022-23 is as follows:

| Years   | Net Payroll addition (in numbers)   |
|---------|-------------------------------------|
| 2018-19 | 61,12,223                           |
| 2019-20 | 78,58,394                           |
| 2020-21 | 77,08,375                           |
| 2021-22 | 1,22,34,625                         |
| 2022-23 | 1,38,51,689                         |

Source: EPFO Payroll data

The  Government  has  launched  e-Shram  portal  for  registration and creation of a  Comprehensive  National  Database  of  Unorganized  Workers including  gig  workers  and  platform  workers.  It  allows  a  person  to  register himself/herself  on  the  portal  on  self-declaration  basis,  which  is  spread  across around 400 occupations.  The total registration of the unorganized workers on eShram portal on self-declaration basis is more than 29.21 crore under various occupations sectors, as on 06.12.2023.

Employment  generation  coupled  with  improving  employability  is  the priority  of  the  Government.  Accordingly,  the  Government  of  India  has  taken various steps for generating employment, including persons from marginalized groups, in the country.

Investments  in  Infrastructure  and  productive  capacity  have  a  large multiplier impact on growth and employment. The budget of 2023-24 proposed to increase capital investment outlay steeply for the third year in a row by 33 per cent to Rs 10 lakh crore, which would be 3.3 per cent of GDP. This substantial increase  in  recent  years  is  central  to  the  government's  efforts  to  enhance growth potential and job creation.

The Government of India has announced Aatmanirbhar Bharat package to provide  stimulus  to  business  and  to  mitigate  the  adverse  impact  of  Covid  19. Under this package, the Government has provided fiscal stimulus of more than Rupees Twenty Seven lakh crore. This package comprises of various long term schemes/ programmes/ policies for making the country self-reliant and to create employment opportunities.

The Aatmanirbhar Bharat Rojgar Yojana (ABRY) was launched with effect from 1st October, 2020 to incentivize employers for creation of new employment and restoration of loss of employment during Covid-19 pandemic. The terminal date  for  registration  of  beneficiaries  was  31.03.2022.  Since  inception  of  the scheme, till 23.09.2023, benefits have been provided to 60.47 lakhs beneficiaries under the scheme.

The Government is implementing Prime Minister Street Vendor's AtmaNirbharNidhi  (PM  SVANidhi  Scheme)  since  June  01,  2020  to  facilitate collateral free working capital loan to street vendors to restart their businesses, which were adversely impacted during the Covid-19 pandemic. As on 23.11.2023, 78.08 lakh loans have been sanctioned under the scheme.

Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) was launched by the Government for facilitating self-employment. Under PMMY, collateral free loans upto Rs. 10 lakh,  are  extended  to  micro/small  business  enterprises  and  to  individuals  to enable  them  to  setup  or  expand  their  business  activities.  As  on  17.11.2023, more than 44.41 crore loan accounts sanctioned under the scheme.

The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme is being implemented by the  Government with an outlay of Rs. 1.97 lakh crore, for a period of 5 years starting from 2021-22 which have potential for creating 60 lakh new jobs.

PM  GatiShakti  is  a  transformative  approach  for  economic  growth  and sustainable  development.  The  approach  is  driven  by  seven  engines,  namely, Roads,  Railways,  Airports,  Ports,  Mass  Transport,  Waterways  and  Logistics Infrastructure.  This  approach  is  powered  by  Clean  Energy  and  Sabka  Prayas leading to huge job and entrepreneurial opportunities for all.

The  Government  of  India  is  encouraging  various  projects  involving substantial investment and public expenditure on schemes like Prime Minister's Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen  Kaushalya  Yojana  (DDU-GKY)  and  Deen  Dayal  Antodaya  YojanaNational Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM) etc. for employment generation. The  Government  is  implementing  a  programme  for  skilling  of  rural  youth  for entrepreneurship  development  through  Rural  Self  Employment  and  Training Institutes (RSETIs).

Further, the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) is implementing the National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS), Pradhan Mantri  Kaushal  Vikas  Yojana  (PMKVY),  Jan  Shikshan  Sansthan  (JSS)  Scheme and  Craftsman  Training  Scheme  (CTS)  through  Industrial  Training  Institutes (ITIs) to enhance the employability of youth.

Besides these initiatives, various flagship programmes of the Government such as Make in India, Start-up India, Stand-up India, Digital India, Housing for All etc. are also oriented towards generating employment opportunities.

All these initiatives are expected to collectively generate employment in the medium to long term through multiplier-effects.

*****

Annexure

Annexure  referred  to  in  reply  of  part  (a)  to  (c)  of  the  Lok  Sabha  Unstarred Question No. 1261 due for reply on 11.12.2023

State/UT-wise  estimated  Worker  Population  Ratio  (WPR)  on  usual  status  for persons of age 15 years and above during 2020-21 to 2022-23 (in %)

| S. No   | States/UTs                         |   2020-21 |   2021-22 |   2022-23 |
|---------|------------------------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
| 1       | Andhra Pradesh                     |      58.6 |      57.8 |      58.6 |
| 2       | Arunachal Pradesh                  |      48.5 |      47.1 |      64.9 |
| 3       | Assam                              |      50.5 |      52.1 |      54.5 |
| 4       | Bihar                              |      39.9 |      39.3 |      47   |
| 5       | Chhattisgarh                       |      63.6 |      64.9 |      70.1 |
| 6       | Delhi                              |      42.7 |      42.3 |      45.8 |
| 7       | Goa                                |      43.4 |      41.6 |      45.1 |
| 8       | Gujarat                            |      55   |      56.8 |      61.5 |
| 9       | Haryana                            |      44   |      42.5 |      44.9 |
| 10      | Himachal Pradesh                   |      69.5 |      71.2 |      73.8 |
| 11      | Jharkhand                          |      59.6 |      60.7 |      60.9 |
| 12      | Karnataka                          |      55.3 |      53   |      55.6 |
| 13      | Kerala                             |      46.1 |      48.8 |      50.5 |
| 14      | Madhya Pradesh                     |      60.2 |      60.7 |      63.4 |
| 15      | Maharashtra                        |      53.9 |      55.9 |      57.6 |
| 16      | Manipur                            |      41   |      40.6 |      48.7 |
| 17      | Meghalaya                          |      62   |      60.5 |      65.8 |
| 18      | Mizoram                            |      54.5 |      48.9 |      55.2 |
| 19      | Nagaland                           |      49.5 |      58.4 |      69.4 |
| 20      | Odisha                             |      53.5 |      52.4 |      58.9 |
| 21      | Punjab                             |      47.2 |      48.5 |      50.2 |
| 22      | Rajasthan                          |      55.3 |      54.7 |      58.8 |
| 23      | Sikkim                             |      71.3 |      69.9 |      74   |
| 24      | Tamil Nadu                         |      56.9 |      55.8 |      54.7 |
| 25      | Telangana                          |      57.8 |      58.1 |      57.7 |
| 26      | Tripura                            |      53.8 |      50.6 |      54.3 |
| 27      | Uttarakhand                        |      48.7 |      48.7 |      53.5 |
| 28      | Uttar Pradesh                      |      48   |      50.1 |      53.9 |
| 29      | West Bengal                        |      53   |      52.7 |      56.1 |
| 30      | Andaman & N. Island                |      58.2 |      59.2 |      60   |
| 31      | Chandigarh                         |      43.1 |      42.2 |      45.6 |
| 32      | Dadra & Nagar Haveli & Daman & Diu |      54   |      65.8 |      65   |
| 33      | Jammu & Kashmir                    |      55.5 |      58.3 |      60.7 |
| 34      | Ladakh                             |      69.1 |      58.1 |      57   |
| 35      | Lakshadweep                        |      40.1 |      37.2 |      35.5 |
| 36      | Puducherry                         |      48.1 |      51.2 |      49.6 |
|         | All India                          |      52.6 |      52.9 |      56   |

Source: PLFS, MoSPI