Lok Sabha Question No. 1718 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-07-30
Subject: Household Consumption Expenditure Survey
Ministry: STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION
Asked by: Dr. Mallu Ravi

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1718 TO BE ANSWERED ON 30.07.2025

## HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE SURVEY

## 1718. DR. MALLU RAVI:

Will the Minister of STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has taken note of the findings of the Household  Consumption  Expenditure  Survey  (HCES)  for  202324,  particularly  the  rise  in  Monthly  Per  Capita  Consumption Expenditure (MPCE) in both rural and urban areas;
- (b) if  so,  the  details  of  the  percentage  increase  in  MPCE  in  real terms for rural and urban households compared to the previous survey of 2011-12;
- (c) whether  the  survey  indicates  a  narrowing  consumption  gap between  rural  and  urban  populations  and  if  so,  the  rural-tourban MPCE ratio for the years 2011-12 and 2023-24;
- (d) the  steps  being  taken  by  the  Government  to  sustain  this positive trend and address structural disparities in consumption patterns across regions and income groups; and
- (e) whether the Government proposes any policy changes based on this data to better target subsidies or social welfare schemes and if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF STATISTICS  AND  PROGRAMME  IMPLEMENTATION;  MINISTER  OF STATE  (INDEPENDENT  CHARGE)  OF  THE  MINISTRY  OF  PLANNING AND  MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  CULTURE  [RAO INDERJIT SINGH]

- (a) to (c): The  National  Statistics  Office  (NSO)  conducts  survey  on Household  Consumption  Expenditure  at  regular  interval.  The  last survey on Household Consumption Expenditure was conducted during

August,  2023-July,  2024.  Prior  to  this,  the  survey  was  conducted during  August,  2022-July,  2023  and  in  NSS  68 th round  (July,  2011  June, 2012). From the survey results of these surveys, the estimates of  Average  monthly  per  capita  consumption  expenditure  (MPCE)  at nominal and real price (2011-12  price)  along  with  rural-urban  gap  in MPCE separately for rural and urban sectors have been given below in Table 1:

Table  1:  Average  Monthly  Per  Capita  Consumption  Expenditure (MPCE) and % difference in MPCE across rural & urban sectors - AllIndia

| Sector                          | Average MPCE (Rs.) at nominal price   | Average MPCE (Rs.) at nominal price   | Average MPCE (Rs.) at nominal price   | Average MPCE (Rs.) at real price   | Average MPCE (Rs.) at real price   | Average MPCE (Rs.) at real price   |
|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|------------------------------------|------------------------------------|------------------------------------|
|                                 | 2011-12                               | 2022-23                               | 2023-24                               | 2011-12                            | 2022-23                            | 2023-24                            |
| Rural                           | 1430                                  | 3773                                  | 4122                                  | 1430                               | 2008                               | 2079                               |
| Urban                           | 2630                                  | 6459                                  | 6996                                  | 2630                               | 3510                               | 3632                               |
| Urban-rural difference MPCE (%) | 84                                    | 71                                    | 70                                    | 84                                 | 75                                 | 75                                 |

Source:  NSS  Report  no.  592:  Survey  on  Household  Consumption Expenditure: 2023-24

To  obtain  values  at  real  price,  CPI  for  the  year  2012  has  been considered as base year. The MPCE estimates of 2022-23 and 202324  have  been  deflated  using  CPI(R)  &  CPI(U)  for  rural  and  urban sectors respectively to obtain the MPCE values at 2011-12 price.

(d) to (e): The  surveys  of  MoSPI  provide  estimates  of  important indicators such as health, education, labour force, per capita expenditure,  etc  to  meet  the  requirements  of  various  stakeholder Ministries such as the Rural Development, Finance, Health & Family Welfare, Labour and Employment, Agriculture, NITI Aayog, etc. These Ministries have implemented various social welfare schemes such as Prime Minister's Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP), Mahatma  Gandhi  National  Rural  Employment  Guarantee  Scheme (MGNREGS), Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDUGKY), Rural Self Employment and Training Institutes (RSETIs), Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM),  Pradhan  Mantri  Mudra  Yojana  (PMMY),  Pradhan  Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PMKISAN), Ayushman Bharat, Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY),  Pradhan  Mantri  Awas  Yojna  (PMAY),  Pradhan  Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY), etc.

*****