Lok Sabha Question No. 1191 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-11
Subject: Global Skills Landscape
Ministry: SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Asked by: Sujay Radhakrishna Vikhepatil, Unmesh Bhaiyyasaheb Patil, Shrikant Eknath Shinde, Rita Bahuguna Joshi, Sanjay Bhatia, Heena Vijaykumar Gavit, Krishna Pal Singh Yadav

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1191

ANSWERED ON 11.12.2023

## GLOBAL SKILLS LANDSCAPE

1191.   DR. SUJAY RADHAKRISHNA VIKHE PATIL:           SHRI UNMESH BHAIYYASAHEB PATIL:

DR. SHRIKANT EKNATH SHINDE:

PROF. RITA BAHUGUNA JOSHI: DR. HEENA VIJAYKUMAR GAVIT:

SHRI SANJAY BHATIA:

DR. KRISHNA PAL SINGH YADAV:

Will the Minister of SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP be please to state:

- (a)  whether  there  are  any  endeavours  by  the  Government  to  align  skilling  initiatives  with  market demands;
- (b) the factors that have propelled India's growing recognition in the global skills landscape and the measures taken to enhance its competitiveness;
- (c)  the  details  of  the  different  schemes  being  administrated  by  the  Government  to  promote  Skill Development and Entrepreneurship; and
- (d) the number of persons trained under each of the scheme and financial outlay?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

(SHRI RAJEEV CHANDRASEKHAR)

- (a) Under  the  Govt.  of  India's  Skill  India  Mission  (SIM),  the  Ministry  of  Skill  Development  and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) delivers skill, re-skill and up-skill training through an extensive network of skill  development  centres/colleges/institutes  etc.  under  various  schemes,  viz.  Pradhan  Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), Jan Sikhshan Sansthan (JSS), National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) and Craftsman Training Scheme (CTS) through Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs), to all the sections of the society across the country. The SIM aims at enabling youth of India to get future ready & industry ready skills.

The  training programmes offered under the schemes of MSDE are developed in collaboration with industry/employers, keeping in view market demands. 36 Sector Skill Councils (SSCs), led by industry  leaders  in  the  respective  sectors,  have  been  set  up  by  National  Skill  Development Corporation (NSDC). Functions of these councils include identification of skill development needs of the sectors with a view to bridge the gap between demands of the industry and skilling requirements as well as to determine skills/competency standards and qualifications and get them notified as per the National Skills Qualification Framework (NSQF).  Courses under skill development programmes are updated periodically  with inputs from SSCs who act as representatives of the industry.  Under PMKVY 4.0, future ready job-roles addressing the requirement of Industry 4.0, emerging sectors like Drone, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Robotics, Mechatronics, etc., have been prioritized.

The  National Council of Vocational Education and Training (NCVET) has been set up as an overarching regulator establishing regulations and standards to ensure quality in the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) space.  The NCVET is entrusted with the responsibility of granting  recognition  to  and  monitoring  the  functioning  of  Awarding  Bodies  (ABs),  Assessment

Agencies  (AAs),  skill  information  providers,  and  training  bodies;  approval  of  the  NSQF  aligned Qualifications and National Occupational Standards (NOSs); monitoring, evaluation and supervision of  recognized  entities  and  to  perform  other  related  incidental  functions.   The  recognized  ABs  are expected to develop the qualifications as per the industry demand and map them with the identified occupations as per the  National  Classification  of  Occupation,  2015  of  the  Ministry  of  Labour  and Employment  and  obtain  industry  validations.   The  NSQF  aligned  and  approved  qualifications comprise of theory, practical, On The Job Training (OJT) and Employability Skill (ES) Module/NOS. The  Employability  Skills  aim  to  strengthen  the  employability  of  the  learners  enabling  higher employment opportunities for them.

Further, Directorate General of Training (DGT) is also implementing Flexi MoU Scheme and Dual  System  of  Training  (DST).  These  initiatives  are  meant  to  provide  training  to  ITI  students  in industrial  environment.  Under  Flexi MoU Scheme, Industry/ organization signing MoU has to also ensure  placement  of  at-least  50%  of  the  successful  trainees.  Under  DST,  foundational  skills  and knowledge is covered in the ITI and advanced skills are imparted through industries. This helps in meeting the future skilled workforce requirements of industry and better preparedness for world of work.  DGT  has  also  signed  MoU  with  IT  Tech  companies  like  IBM,  CISCO,  Future  Skill  Rights Network (erstwhile Quest Alliance), Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft to ensure industry linkages  for  the  institutes  at  the  state  and  regional  levels  under  Corporate  Social  Responsibility (CSR) initiatives.

In addition to the above, following steps have been taken to align skilling initiatives with industry demand:

(i)    NSDC, under the Market led program, provides support to training providers that collaborate and align skill courses with industry demand.  Under this initiative, a total of 24.83 lakh candidates have been training in financial year 2022-23.

(ii)    Under NAPS, apprenticeship training and increasing engagement with industrial establishments for undertaking apprenticeship programmes is promoted.

(iii)    Government of India has signed Migration and Mobility Agreement with ten countries viz., U.K.; France,  Germany,  Israel,  Taiwan,  Austria,  Mauritius,  Australia,  Portugal  and  Finland  for  aligning skilling with demand in these countries.

(iv)  Government of India has announced setting up of 30 Skill India International Centers for catering to the demand for skilled workers for foreign countries.

(b) Factors to be attributed to India's growing recognition in the global skills landscape inter-alia include demand of skilled workforce across the globe and India's favourable demographic dividend; comprehensive network of skilling infrastructure catering to short term training, including Recognition of  Prior  Learning,  and  Long  Term  Training,  offering  courses  in  diversified  trades;  setting  up  of NCVET   as  the  overarching  regulatory  body  entrusted  inter-alia  with  development,   qualitative improvement and regulation of vocational education and training; continuous development of training courses in response to emerging market needs and consistent efforts to enhance cooperation with other countries and international institutions in the domain of skill development to bring visibility to the skilling landscape of India to the world.

Further to enhance competitiveness, following measures have been taken:

-  Bilateral engagements with different countries to provide a framework of cooperation in areas like  information  exchange,  standard  setting,  skill  harmonization,  recognition  of  qualification, etc.
-  Business  to  Business  Agreements  by  National  Skill  Development  Corporation  (NSDC)  with business entities of various countries to facilitate overseas mobility of Indian skilled workforce, capacity building of trainers, employer engagements, etc.
-  Studies to ascertain focus countries to enhance skilled mobility and employment.
-  Setting up  of Skill India International Centers  (SIICs)  to  deliver training  according  to international standards and provide counseling, assistance with passport and visa procedures, and post-placement support, etc.
- (c) MSDE provides skilling, re-skilling and up-skilling training through the following schemes:

Pradhan  Mantri  Kaushal Vikas  Yojana  (PMKVY): PMKVY  Scheme  is  for imparting skill development training through Short-Term Training (STT) and upskilling through Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) to youth across the country.

Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS) Scheme: The main target of the JSS is to impart vocational skills to the  non-literates,  neo-literates  and  the  persons  having  rudimentary  level  of  education  up  to  8th standard and school dropouts up to 12th standard in the age group of 15-45 years. Priority is given to Women, SC, ST, OBC and Minorities. The objective of the scheme is to increase household income by promoting self/wage employment through Skill Development training.

National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS): This Scheme is for promoting apprenticeship training and increasing the engagement of apprentices by providing financial support for payment of stipend to apprentices. Training consists of Basic Training and On-the-Job Training / Practical Training at workplace in the industry.

Craftsmen  Training  Scheme  (CTS): This  scheme  is  for  providing  long-term  training  through Industrial  Training  Institutes  (ITIs)  across  the  country.  The  ITIs  offer  a  range  of  vocational/skill training  courses  covering a  large number of economic sectors with an objective to provide skilled workforce to the industry as well as self-employment of youth.

Programmes  for  Entrepreneurship  development  are  implemented  through National  Institute  of Entrepreneurship  and  Small  Business  Development (NIESBUD),  NOIDA  and Indian  Institute  of Entrepreneurship (IIE), Guwahati.

- (d) The number of persons trained under schemes of MSDE is as under:

| Name of Scheme                           | Number of Persons Trained   |
|------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|
| PMKVY (Since inception to October, 2023) | 1,40,22,926                 |
| JSS ( Since 2018-19 to October, 2023)    | 21,74,056                   |
| NAPS (Since 2018-19 to October, 2023)    | 25,48,023                   |
| CTS (ITI) (2018 to 2022)                 | 65,10,839                   |

Details of funds released under PMKVY, JSS and NAPS Schemes of MSDE are as under:

| Name of Scheme                           | Fund Released (Rs. In Crore)   |
|------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|
| PMKVY (Since inception to October, 2023) | 10,441.32                      |
| JSS (Since 2018-19 to September, 2023    | 654.00                         |
| NAPS (Since 2018-19 to October, 2023)    | 1,071.85                       |

Day-to-day administration as well as financial control in respect of ITIs lies with the respective State Government/Union Territory Administration.

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