Lok Sabha Question No. 2732 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-12-16
Subject: Production of Major Crops
Ministry: AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
Asked by: Smt. Delkar Kalaben Mohanbhai, Dr. Shivaji Bandappa Kalge, Shri Bhumare Sandipanrao Asaram, Shri Nilesh Dnyandev Lanke, Shri Gyaneshwar Patil

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2732

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 16 TH  DECEMBER, 2025

## PRODUCTION OF MAJOR CROPS

2732.  SHRI GYANESHWAR PATIL: SMT. DELKAR KALABEN MOHANBHAI: SHRI BHUMARE SANDIPANRAO ASARAM: SHRI NILESH DNYANDEV LANKE: DR. SHIVAJI BANDAPPA KALGE:

Will the Minister of AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE क ृ िष एवं िकसान कʞाण मंũी be pleased to state:

(a) the current status of agricultural production of major crops in the country;

(b) the measures taken by the Government to increase productivity and ensure food security in different States of the country, particularly in Madhya Pradesh & Maharashtra and Union Territory of Dadra & Nagar Haveli;

(c) the details of assistance given to farmers in the form of subsidy, irrigation facilities and access to technology;

(d) the plans of the Government to tackle challenges like climate change, pest attacks and market fluctuations affecting agricultural production; and

(e) the steps being taken to promote sustainable and organic farming practices?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE क ृ िष एवं िकसान कʞाण राǛ मंũी (SHRI RAMNATH THAKUR)

(a): The details of the production of major agricultural crops in the country are given in the Annexure.

(b): To increase productivity and ensure food security, the Government is implementing the National Food Security & Nutrition Mission (NFSNM) in the 28 States and 2 Union Territories (UTs) with the objective to increase production of Rice, Wheat, Coarse Cereals (Maize & Barley),  Commercial  Crops  (Cotton,  Jute  &  Sugarcane)  and  Nutri-Cereals  (Shree  Anna) through  area  expansion  and  productivity  enhancement.  Under  NFSNM-Nutri-Cereals, assistance is being provided to the farmers, through the States/UTs, on crop production & protection technologies demonstration, for distribution of certified seeds, for production of certified  seeds,  for  Integrated  Nutrient  and  Pest  Management  measures,  for  capacity building  of  farmers  through  cropping  system-based  trainings  etc.  Seed  minikits  of  newly released varieties/hybrids, are also distributed through the States by agencies. Flexibility has been given to States / UTs to identify districts for implementation of different components of the Mission, subject to inter-alia conditions that prioritize districts with low productivity but high potential.

(c):   To provide irrigation facilities, the Government  is implementing the Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) of Per Drop More Crop (PDMC) in the Country from the year 2015-16. During 2015-16 to 2021-22, PDMC has been implemented as a component of the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY). From the year 2022-23, the scheme is being implemented under the Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (PM-RKVY). The  Micro  Irrigation  helps  in  water  saving  as  well  as  reduced  fertilizer  usage  through fertigation,  savings  on  labour  expenses  and  other  input  costs  and  overall  income enhancement of farmers. The Government provides financial assistance @ 55% for small and marginal farmers and @ 45% for other farmers for installation of Drip and Sprinkler systems  under  the  PDMC.  The  Assistance  for  installation  of  Micro  Irrigation  systems  is limited to 5 hectares per beneficiary.

The  Government  of  India  supports  and  facilitates  the  State  Governments  for infusing modern and smart farming technologies in the agriculture sector. The Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanization' (SMAM) is being implemented across the country with the objective to increase the reach of farm mechanization to the small and marginal farmers and to the regions where availability of farm power is low. The scheme promotes 'Custom Hiring Centres' to offset the adverse economies of scale arising due to small landholding & high cost  of  individual  ownership  of  agricultural  machines.  Under  the  Scheme,  financial assistance @ 40% to 50% of the cost of machines, depending on the categories of farmers, is provided for purchase of agricultural machines.

The  Government  of  India  is  implementing  the  Digital  Agriculture  Mission  (DAM)  to promote  precision  farming,  satellite-based  crop  monitoring,  and  AI-driven  advisories  for improving productivity and resource efficiency. The Mission focuses on building a strong Digital  Public  Infrastructure  (DPI)  for  agriculture,  including  AgriStack,  the  Krishi  Decision Support System, and comprehensive soil profile mapping. AgriStack comprises foundational databases  such  as  Farmers'  Registry,  Geo-referenced  Village  Maps,  and  Crop  Sown Registry, enabling timely and reliable crop-related information for farmers. The Mahalanobis National Crop Forecast Centre (MNCFC) supports the Mission through satellite-based crop forecasting  under  the  FASAL  project,  drought  monitoring,  and  technological  support  to PMFBY through YES-TECH and digital crop-cutting experiments. The Government is also promoting AI and IoT-based solutions for personalized and semi-personalized advisories and  improved  farm  management.  Key  initiatives  include  the  AI-powered  Kisan  e-Mitra chatbot for addressing farmer queries and the National Pest Surveillance System, which uses AI/ML tools to detect pest infestations and reduce crop losses.

(d): To tackle the challenge of climate change affecting agricultural production, the Indian Council  of  Agricultural  Research  (ICAR) is  focusing  on  the  development  of high-yielding climate  resilient  and  nutritionally  rich  field-crop  varieties  along  with  the  location  specific production  and  protection  technologies.  Developed  improved  varieties,  production  and protection  technologies  are  being  disseminated  among  farmers  for  large-scale  adoption through outreach activities viz., training/sensitization programmes during the crop season, on-farm trials & frontline demonstrations, diagnostic field visits and field friends programmes as well as through social media platforms.

The National Pest Surveillance System (NPSS) has been launched on 15th August, 2024 to enhance the surveillance and management of pest and diseases across the country. The system utilizes latest digital technologies such as Artificial Intelligence  and  Machine Learning (AI and ML) for identification  of pests and diseases and provide real time crop protection advisory to the farmers in all the States.

In order to regulate market price fluctuations, the Government fixes Minimum Support Prices (MSPs) for 22 mandated agricultural crops based on the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs & Prices (CACP), after considering the views of State Governments  and  Central  Ministries/Departments  concerned.  The  22  mandated  crops include 14 Kharif crops. The Union Budget for 2018-19 had announced the pre-determined principle to keep MSPs at levels of one and half times of the cost of production. Accordingly, Government had increased MSPs for all mandated Kharif, Rabi and other Commercial crops with a minimum return of 50 percent over All-India weighted average cost of production from the  year  2018-19  onwards.  For  perishable  agricultural  and  horticultural  commodities, including  vegetables  and  fruits,  which  are  not  covered  under  the  MSP,  Government implements  Market  Intervention  Scheme  (MIS)  on  the  request  of  State/UT  Government concerned. The objective of intervention is to protect the growers of these commodities from making distress sale in the event of a bumper crop during the peak arrival period when the prices tend to fall below economic levels and cost of production.

Further,  the  Government  is  implementing  National  Agriculture  Market  (e-NAM),  a virtual  platform integrating  physical  wholesale mandis/ markets of different States/ Union Territories (UTs) to facilitate online trading of agricultural commodities through transparent price  discovery  method  to  enable  farmers  to  realize  better  remunerative  prices  for  their products.

(e): To promote sustainable farming practices, National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture, a part of the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), is being implemented by the Government which aims to evolve and implement strategies to make Indian agriculture more resilient to the changing climate.

Organic  farming  is  being  promoted  through  the  Paramparagat  Krishi  Vikas  Yojana (PKVY) in all the States/UTs, except the North Eastern States, and Mission Organic Value Chain Development for North Eastern Region (MOVCDNER) for the North Eastern States since  2015-16.  Both  schemes  stress  on  end-to-end  support  to  the  farmers  engaged  in organic farming i.e. from production to processing, certification and marketing. Primary focus of the schemes is to form organic clusters, with preference to small and marginal farmers, to  create  a  supply  chain.  Both  the  schemes  are  implemented  through  States/UTs Governments.  Under  PKVY,  assistance  of  Rs.  31,500  per  ha  in  3  years  is  provided  for promotion of organic farming. Out of this, assistance of Rs. 15,000 per ha is provided to farmers  through  Direct  Benefit  Transfer  for  on-farm  /  off-farm  organic  inputs.  Under MOVCDNER, assistance of Rs. 46,500/ha in 3 years is provided for creation of Farmers Producer Organization, support to farmers for organic inputs etc. Out of this, assistance @ Rs. 32,500/ ha is provided to farmers for off-farm / on-farm organic inputs under the scheme including Rs. 15,000 as Direct Benefit Transfer to the farmers.

## Production of major agricultural crops in the country during the year 2024-25

Source: DA&FW

| Crop                      |   Production in Lakh Tonnes |
|---------------------------|-----------------------------|
| Rice                      |                     1501.84 |
| Wheat                     |                     1179.45 |
| Maize                     |                      434.09 |
| Shree Anna /Nutri Cereals |                      185.92 |
| Tur                       |                       36.24 |
| Gram                      |                      111.14 |
| Urad                      |                       22.42 |
| Moong                     |                       42.44 |
| Total Pulses              |                      256.83 |
| Total Food Grains         |                     3577.32 |
| Groundnut                 |                      119.42 |
| Soybean                   |                      152.68 |
| Rapeseed & Mustard        |                      126.67 |
| Total Oil Seeds           |                      429.89 |
| Sugarcane                 |                     4546.11 |
| Cotton                    |                      297.24 |

# Cotton Production in Lakh Bales, 1Bale=170 Kg

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