Lok Sabha Question No. 228 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-11-25
Subject: NPA Cases
Ministry: FINANCE
Asked by: Shri Anil Yeshwant Desai, Smt. Rachna Banerjee

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCIAL SERVICES

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO-228

ANSWERED ON MONDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 2024/AGRAHAYANA 4, 1946 (SAKA)

## NPA CASES

## 228. SMT. RACHNA BANERJEE SHRI ANIL YESHWANT DESAI

Will the Minister of FINANCE be pleased to state:-

(a) the  total  number  of  NPA  cases  registered  along  with  the  details  of  total  amount written off by the Government during the last five years, year-wise and Bank-wise;

(b) the Bank-wise details of total NPAs or bad loans of banks as on date along with the number of cases resolved and total amount recovered during the last five years, year-wise;

(c) the number of cases in which the Banks has approached Debts Recovery Tribunal (DRT) for the recovery of loan;

(d) the effective measures taken by the Government to recover such bad loans and NPA amount from defaulters; and

(e) whether any imprisonment has been awarded to the accused apart from recovery of loan amount with interest and if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF FINANCE

## (SHRI PANKAJ CHAUDHARY)

(a)  and  (b):  Government does not write-off loans  given  to borrowers by banks. Banks write-off  non-performing  assets,  including, inter-alia ,  those  in  respect  of  which  full provisioning  has  been  made  on  completion  of  four  years,  as  per  the  Reserve  Bank  of India  (RBI)  guidelines  and  policy  approved  by  banks'  Boards. Such write-off does  not result in waiver of liabilities of  borrowers and therefore, write-off does not benefit the borrower.  The  borrowers  continue  to  be  liable  for  repayment  and  banks  continue  to pursue  recovery  actions  initiated  in  these  accounts.  Bank-wise  and  year-wise  details  of loans  written-off  by  scheduled  commercial  banks  (SCBs)  during  the  last  five  financial years are at Annex 1 .  Bank-wise details of gross NPAs in SCBs as on 31.3.2024 are at Annex 2 and year-wise details of amount recovered (including recovery from written-off loans)  by  SCBs  during  the  last  five  financial  years  are  at Annex-3 .  Further,  RBI  has apprised that the number of NPA cases registered and resolved by scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) is not maintained by it.

(c):  Number  of  cases  referred  to  DRTs  by  SCBs  (excluding  Regional  Rural  Banks  and Payment Banks) during the last five financial years are as under:

| Financial year   | Number of cases   |
|------------------|-------------------|
| 2019-20          | 33,139            |
| 2020-21          | 28,182            |
| 2021-22          | 30,651            |
| 2022-23          | 40,744            |
| 2023-24*         | 30,855            |

Source: RBI (provisional data for 2023-24)

(d): Comprehensive steps have been taken by the Government and RBI to recover and to reduce NPAs from defaulters, which has enabled an aggregate recovery of Rs. 6,82,286 crore  by  SCBs  during  the  last  five  financial  years.  These  steps  include, inter  alia ,  the following:

- (1) Change  in  credit  culture  has  been  effected,  with  the  Insolvency  and  Bankruptcy Code (IBC) fundamentally changing the creditor-borrower relationship, taking away control  of  the  defaulting  company  from  promoters/owners,  and  debarring  wilful defaulters  from  the  resolution  process.  To  make  the  process  more  stringent, personal guarantor to corporate debtor has also been brought under the ambit of IBC.
- (2) The  Securitisation  and  Reconstruction  of  Financial  Assets  and  Enforcement  of Security  Interest  Act,  2002  and  the  Recovery  of  Debt  and  Bankruptcy  Act  have been amended to make it more effective.
- (3) Pecuniary jurisdiction of Debt Recovery Tribunal (DRTs) was increased from Rs. 10 lakh to Rs. 20 lakh to enable the DRTs to focus on high value cases resulting in higher recovery for the banks and financial institutions.
- (4) Public  Sector  Banks  have  set-up  specialized  stressed  assets  management  verticals and  branches  for  effective  monitoring  and  focused  follow-up  of  NPA  accounts, which  facilitates  quicker  and  improved  resolution/  recoveries.    Deployment  of Business correspondents and adoption of Feet-on-street model have also boosted the recovery trajectory of NPAs in banks.
- (5) Prudential Framework for resolution of stressed assets was issued by RBI to provide a framework for early recognition, reporting and time bound resolution of stressed assets, with a build-in incentive to lenders for early adoption of a resolution plan.

(e):  Under the provisions of the Recovery of Debt and Bankruptcy, imprisonment may be awarded to defaulters in various  specified  circumstances.  Also, as  per  RBI's Master Direction  on  Treatment  of  Wilful  Defaulters  and  Large  Defaulters,  banks  may  initiate criminal  proceedings  against  wilful  defaulters  in  eligible  cases  and as  per  RBI's  Master Direction  on  Fraud  Risk  Management,  banks  are  required  to  immediately  report  the incidents  of  fraud  to  law  enforcement  agencies,  including  to  the  Central  Bureau  of Investigation (CBI) in case of amount involved beyond the specified threshold. Further, RBI has informed that information in respect of awarding imprisonment to defaulters is not maintained by it.

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## Lok Sabha Unstarred question no. 228, regarding NPA Cases

## Loans written-off by Scheduled Commercial Banks

(Amounts in crore Rs.)

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| Bank                                            | FY 2019-20   | FY 2020-21   | FY 2021-22   | FY 2022-23   | FY 2023-24   |
|-------------------------------------------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
| Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank PJSC                  | 64           | -            | -            | -            | -            |
| American Express Banking Corporation            | 180          | 127          | 215          | 78           | 99           |
| AU Small Finance Bank Limited                   | 47           | 115          | 188          | 190          | 405          |
| Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited | 75           | -            | -            | -            | -            |
| Axis Bank Limited                               | 9,019        | 12,018       | 9,126        | 6,248        | 8,346        |
| Bandhan Bank Limited                            | 655          | 2,038        | 3,247        | 8,017        | 3,852        |
| Bank of Bahrain and Kuwait B.S.C.               | 5            | 61           | 9            | -            | 0            |
| Bank of Baroda                                  | 15,912       | 14,782       | 17,967       | 17,998       | 10,518       |
| Bank of Ceylon                                  | -            | 1            | 0            | -            | -            |
| Bank of India                                   | 7,618        | 8,815        | 10,443       | 8,694        | 9,897        |
| Bank of Maharashtra                             | 5,698        | 4,931        | 3,118        | 1,491        | 990          |
| Bank of Nova Scotia                             | -            | -            | -            | 62           | 0            |
| Barclays Bank PLC                               | 52           | 73           | 163          | 80           | 31           |
| BNP Paribas                                     | -            | -            | 1            | 6            | -            |
| Canara Bank                                     | 7,498        | 7,642        | 8,210        | 4,472        | 11,827       |
| Syndicate Bank                                  | 4,934        | -            | -            | -            | -            |
| Central Bank of India                           | 4,169        | 5,992        | 1,236        | 10,258       | 10,001       |
| Citibank N.A.                                   | 559          | 370          | 576          | 351          | 3            |
| City Union Bank Limited                         | 374          | 412          | 629          | 530          | 263          |
| Cooperatieve Rabobank U.A.                      | 123          | -            | 175          | 60           | 59           |
| Credit Suisse AG                                | 260          | -            | -            | -            | -            |
| CSB Bank Limited                                | 215          | 138          | 110          | 21           | 11           |
| DBS Bank India Limited                          | 184          | 139          | 438          | 762          | 691          |
| Lakshmi Vilas Bank Limited                      | 19           | 108          | -            | -            | -            |
| DCB Bank Limited                                | 120          | 126          | 88           | 162          | 112          |
| Deutsche Bank AG                                | 105          | 485          | 213          | 100          | 807          |
| Doha Bank Q.P.S.C.                              | -            | -            | -            | -            | 27           |
| Equitas Small Finance Bank Limited              | 72           | 245          | 360          | 410          | 232          |
| ESAF Small Finance Bank Limited                 | 29           | -            | 74           | 495          | 306          |
| Federal Bank Limited                            | 734          | 398          | 929          | 375          | 111          |
| Fincare Small Finance Bank Limited              | 45           | 28           | 370          | 473          | 184          |
| HDFC Bank Limited                               | 8,254        | 9,289        | 9,405        | 10,769       | 11,030       |
| ICICI Bank Limited                              | 10,952       | 9,507        | 10,148       | 4,521        | 6,198        |
| IDBI Bank Limited                               | 5,936        | 8,392        | 2,889        | 21,926       | 2,985        |
| IDFC First Bank Limited                         | 1,510        | 1,433        | 4,202        | 2,797        | 2,984        |
| Indian Bank                                     | 3,032        | 8,371        | 8,347        | 7,952        | 8,734        |
| Allahabad Bank                                  | 9,120        | -            | -            | -            | -            |
| Indian Overseas Bank                            | 16,405       | 4,618        | 3,769        | 3,412        | 7,179        |
| IndusInd Bank Limited                           | 2,539        | 4,055        | 4,385        | 3,762        | 2,471        |
| Industrial and Commercial Bank of China         | 43           | 35           | -            | -            | -            |

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| Bank                                                  | FY 2019-20   | FY 2020-21   | FY 2021-22   | FY 2022-23   | FY 2023-24   |
|-------------------------------------------------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
| Jammu and Kashmir Bank Limited                        | 65           | 1,185        | 758          | 805          | 613          |
| Jana Small Finance Bank Limited                       | 300          | 233          | 585          | 639          | 319          |
| Karnataka Bank Limited                                | 904          | 1,060        | 585          | 498          | 395          |
| Karur Vysya Bank Limited                              | 961          | 619          | 879          | 1,892        | 654          |
| KEB Hana Bank                                         | -            | 12           | -            | -            | -            |
| Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited                           | 936          | 628          | 1,230        | 790          | 2,258        |
| Nainital Bank Limited                                 | 0            | 1            | 119          | 3            | 45           |
| North East Small Finance Bank Limited                 | 8            | -            | 81           | 98           | -            |
| Pt Bank Maybank Indonesia TBK                         | -            | -            | 18           | -            | -            |
| Punjab and Sind Bank                                  | 1,781        | 71           | 1,134        | 2,283        | 796          |
| Punjab National Bank                                  | 13,365       | 15,877       | 18,312       | 16,578       | 18,317       |
| Oriental Bank of Commerce                             | 3,351        | -            | -            | -            | -            |
| United Bank of India                                  | 1,728        | -            | -            | -            | -            |
| Qatar National Bank (Q.P.S.C)                         | -            | -            | -            | -            | 52           |
| RBI Bank Limited                                      | 1,253        | 1,675        | 2,294        | 1,758        | 1,720        |
| Sberbank                                              | -            | -            | 50           | 14           | -            |
| SBM Bank (India) Limited                              | 45           | 12           | 19           | -            | -            |
| Shinhan Bank                                          | -            | -            | -            | 0            | 133          |
| Shivalik Small Finance Bank Limited                   | -            | -            | -            | 5            | 1            |
| Societe Generale                                      | -            | -            | -            | -            | 73           |
| South Indian Bank Limited                             | 874          | 1,135        | 700          | 157          | 328          |
| Standard Chartered Bank                               | 3,111        | 1,697        | 1,325        | 423          | 567          |
| State Bank of India                                   | 52,362       | 34,402       | 19,666       | 24,061       | 16,161       |
| Suryoday Small Finance Bank Limited                   | 48           | 97           | 231          | 620          | 103          |
| Tamilnad Mercantile Bank Limited                      | 366          | 393          | 321          | 99           | 211          |
| The Dhanalakshmi Bank Limited                         | 103          | 14           | 83           | 3            | 55           |
| The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited | 118          | 185          | 234          | 99           | 100          |
| UCO Bank                                              | 12,479       | 9,410        | 3,851        | 2,575        | 1,938        |
| Ujjivan Small Finance Bank Limited                    | 64           | 74           | 789          | 483          | 274          |
| Union Bank of India                                   | 8,417        | 16,983       | 19,484       | 19,175       | 18,264       |
| Andhra Bank                                           | 4,195        | -            | -            | -            | -            |
| Corporation Bank                                      | 3,814        | -            | -            | -            | -            |
| United Overseas Bank Limited                          | 55           | -            | -            | -            | 51           |
| Unity Small Finance Bank Limited                      | -            | -            | -            | 9            | 3,406        |
| Utkarsh Small Finance Bank Limited                    | 56           | 35           | 219          | 383          | 313          |
| Woori Bank                                            | 13           | -            | -            | -            | -            |
| Yes Bank Limited                                      | 6,842        | 12,240       | 971          | 18,114       | 2,762        |

Source: RBI

## Lok Sabha Unstarred question no. 228, regarding NPA Cases

## Gross NPAs of Scheduled Commercial Banks

(Amounts in crore Rs.)

| Bank                                          | Gross NPA as on 31.3.2024   |
|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|
| American Express Banking Corporation          | 262                         |
| AU Small Finance Bank Limited                 | 1,237                       |
| Axis Bank Limited                             | 14,345                      |
| Bandhan Bank Limited                          | 4,785                       |
| Bank of Bahrain & Kuwait B.S.C.               | 18                          |
| Bank of Baroda                                | 31,834                      |
| Bank of Ceylon                                | 48                          |
| Bank of India                                 | 29,183                      |
| Bank of Maharashtra                           | 3,833                       |
| Canara Bank                                   | 40,605                      |
| Capital Small Finance Bank Limited            | 170                         |
| Central Bank of India                         | 11,340                      |
| Citibank N.A.                                 | 196                         |
| City Union Bank Limited                       | 1,854                       |
| Credit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank | 3                           |
| CSB Bank Limited                              | 361                         |
| DBS Bank India Limited                        | 1,793                       |
| DCB Bank Limited                              | 1,353                       |
| Deutsche Bank AG                              | 762                         |
| Doha Bank Q.P.S.C                             | 9                           |
| Equitas Small Finance Bank Limited            | 821                         |
| ESAF Small Finance Bank Limited               | 893                         |
| Federal Bank Limited                          | 4,529                       |
| Fincare Small Finance Bank Limited            | 200                         |
| HDFC Bank Limited                             | 31,057                      |
| ICICI Bank Limited                            | 27,314                      |
| IDBI Bank Limited                             | 8,917                       |
| IDFC First Bank Limited                       | 3,718                       |
| Indian Bank                                   | 21,106                      |
| Indian Overseas Bank                          | 6,794                       |
| IndusInd Bank Limited                         | 6,693                       |
| Jammu and Kashmir Bank Limited                | 3,956                       |
| Jana Small Finance Bank Limited               | 494                         |
| Karnataka Bank Limited                        | 2,578                       |
| Karur Vysya Bank Limited                      | 1,042                       |
| KEB Hana Bank                                 | 40                          |
| Kookmin Bank                                  | 10                          |
| Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited                   | 5,275                       |
| Mizuho Bank Limited                           | 6                           |
| Nainital Bank Limited                         | 399                         |

| Bank                                                  | Gross NPA as on 31.3.2024   |
|-------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|
| North East Small Finance Bank Limited                 | 99                          |
| Punjab and Sind Bank                                  | 4,665                       |
| Punjab National Bank                                  | 56,343                      |
| RBL Bank Limited                                      | 2,271                       |
| Sberbank                                              | 22                          |
| SBM Bank (India) Limited                              | 124                         |
| Shinhan Bank                                          | 21                          |
| Shivalik Small Finance Bank Limited                   | 43                          |
| Societe Generale                                      | 6                           |
| Sonali Bank                                           | 4                           |
| South Indian Bank Limited                             | 3,620                       |
| Standard Chartered Bank                               | 2,674                       |
| State Bank of India                                   | 84,276                      |
| Suryoday Small Finance Bank Limited                   | 242                         |
| Tamilnad Mercantile Bank Limited                      | 575                         |
| The Dhanalakshmi Bank Limited                         | 421                         |
| The Hongkong And Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited | 458                         |
| UCO Bank                                              | 6,463                       |
| Ujjivan Small Finance Bank Limited                    | 613                         |
| Union Bank of India                                   | 43,098                      |
| Unity Small Finance Bank Limited                      | 360                         |
| Utkarsh Small Finance Bank Limited                    | 418                         |
| Woori Bank                                            | 66                          |
| Yes Bank Limited                                      | 3,983                       |

Source: RBI

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## Lok Sabha Unstarred question no. 228, regarding NPA Cases Recovery in NPAs by Scheduled Commercial Banks

(Amounts in crore Rs.)

| Financial year   | Amount Recovered   |
|------------------|--------------------|
| 2019-20          | 1,47,375           |
| 2020-21          | 1,14,368           |
| 2021-22          | 1,37,456           |
| 2022-23          | 1,59,787           |
| 2023-24          | 1,23,299           |

Source: RBI

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