Lok Sabha Question No. 2797 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-08-07
Subject: Herbal Medicines
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Ramakant Bhargava

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2797

TO BE ANSWERED ON 07.08.2023

## Herbal Medicines

## 2797.   SHRI RAMAKANT BHARGAVA:

Will  the  Minister  of  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND  CLIMATE  CHANGE  be  pleased  to state:

- (a) whether herbal medicines are found in Madhya Pradesh;
- (b) if so, the details thereof; and
- (c) the efforts being made for the conservation of herbal medicines?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI ASHWINI KUMAR CHOUBEY)

(a),  (b)  and  (c).  During  the  exploration  of  Madhya  Pradesh's  floristic  wealth,  176  medicinal plants were found and documented in the traditional knowledge of plants used in the preparation of herbal medicines by local inhabitants. A list of such medicinal plants is at Annexure 1.

The  Government  makes  continuous  efforts  to  conserve  medicinal  plants.  The  Central  Sector Scheme  is  providing  support  to  State  Forest  Department  for In-situ conservation  of  herbal  / medicinal plants by way of setting up of Medicinal Plants Conservation and Development Areas (MPCDAs), throughout the country. Botanical survey of India, Regional Ayurveda Fundamental Research  Institute  (RARI)  Pune,  Central  Ayurveda  Research  Institute  (CARI)  -  Bengaluru, CARI  Jhansi,  RARI  Ranikhet,  RARI  Jaipur  (Mangliawas)  and  RARI  Itanagar  are  making continuous  efforts  in  this  regard.  In  addition,  the  state  forest  departments  are  also  working towards  rehabilitating  medicinal  plants  of  economic  value  in  the  forested  areas  through  their working plans.

*****

## List of the medicinal plants

| Sl. No   | Botanical name                                   | Common name                           | Family                                | Part used                             |
|----------|--------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|
|          | Plants with anticancer activity                  | Plants with anticancer activity       | Plants with anticancer activity       | Plants with anticancer activity       |
| 1.       | Bacopa monnieri Wett.                            | Jalbrahmi                             | Scrophulariaceae                      | Plant                                 |
| 2.       | Cardiospermum halicacabum L.                     | Kanphuti                              | Sapindaceae                           | Plant                                 |
| 3.       | Cleome viscosa L.                                | Hulhul                                | Capparidaceae                         | Plant                                 |
| 4.       | Clerodendrum serratum Spreng.                    | Bhargi                                | Verbenaceae                           | Root                                  |
| 5.       | Eulophia nuda Lindl.                             | Ambarkand                             | Orchidaceae                           | Tuber                                 |
| 6.       | Mallotus philippinensis Muell. Arg.              | Kamila                                | Euphorbiaceae                         | Fruit                                 |
| 7.       | Operculina turpethum Silva Manso Enum.           | Nisotha                               | Convolvulaceae                        | Root                                  |
| 8.       | Solanum surattense Burm.F.                       | Kateri                                | Solanaceae                            | Plant                                 |
|          | Plants with antidiabetic activity                | Plants with antidiabetic activity     | Plants with antidiabetic activity     | Plants with antidiabetic activity     |
| 9.       | Cocculus hirsutus L.                             | Jamti                                 | Menispermaceae                        | Plant                                 |
| 10.      | Kyllinga triceps Rottb.                          | Nirbisi                               | Cyperaceae                            | Root                                  |
| 11.      | Madhuca longifolia v ar. latifolia (L.) Macbride | Madhua                                | Sapotaceae                            | Bark                                  |
| 12.      | Pongamia pinnata (L.) Merr.                      | Karanj                                | Fabaceae                              | Plant                                 |
|          | Plants with antiinflammatory activity            | Plants with antiinflammatory activity | Plants with antiinflammatory activity | Plants with antiinflammatory activity |
| 13.      | Balanites aegyptiacas Delile.                    | Hingot                                | Zygophyllaceae                        | Root                                  |
| 14.      | Barleria cristata L.                             | Jhinti                                | Acanthaceae                           | Plant                                 |
| 15.      | Clerodendrum serratum Spreng.                    | Barangi                               | Verbenaceae                           | Root                                  |
| 16.      | Desmodium gangeticum DC.                         | Shalparni                             | Fabaceae                              | Root                                  |
| 17.      | Dregea volubilis Benth.                          | Nakchhikni                            | Asclepiadaceae                        | Plant                                 |
| 18.      | Euphorbia neriifolia L.                          | Sehund                                | Euphorbiaceae                         | Plant, Leaves                         |
| 19.      | Girardinia zeylanica Decne.                      | Alla, Bichua                          | Urticaceae                            | Leaves                                |
| 20.      | Gossypium herbaceum L.                           | Kupas, Rui                            | Malvaceae                             | Flower                                |
| 21.      | Gymnema sylvestre R. Br.                         | Merasingi                             | Asclepiadaceae                        | Plant                                 |
| 22.      | Lepidium sativum L.                              | Chaunsar                              | Cruciferae                            | Seed                                  |

## Annexure 1

| 23.   | Martynia annua L .                          | Bichu, Hathajori                   | Pedaliaceae                        | Fruit                              |
|-------|---------------------------------------------|------------------------------------|------------------------------------|------------------------------------|
| 24.   | Operculina turpethum (L.) Silva Manso Enum. | Nisotha                            | Convolvulaceae                     | Root                               |
| 25.   | Oxalis corniculata L.                       | Clover sorrel                      | Oxalidaceae                        | Leaves                             |
| 26.   | Pavonia odorata Willd.                      | Bala,Sugandhiba la                 | Malvaceae                          | Root                               |
| 27.   | Pistia stratiotes L.                        | Jalkhumbi                          | Araceae                            | Root                               |
| 28.   | Polycarpaea corymbosa Lamm.                 | Bhisatta                           | Caryophyllaceae                    | Leaves                             |
| 29.   | Spilanthes acmella L.                       | Akar kara                          | Asteraceae                         | Flower                             |
| 30.   | Stereospermum suaveolens DC.                | Padal                              | Bignoniaceae                       | Root                               |
| 31.   | Tectona grandis L.                          | Sagwan                             | Verbenaceae                        | Wood                               |
| 32.   | Tephrosia purpurea Pers.                    | Sarpankha                          | Fabaceae                           | Root                               |
| 33.   | Thespesia populnea Soland.                  | Bhendi, Parsipur                   | Malvaceae                          | Flower                             |
| 34.   | Vanda tessellata Hook.ex G.Don              | Vanda                              | Orchidaceae                        | Root                               |
|       | Plants with antirheumatic activity          | Plants with antirheumatic activity | Plants with antirheumatic activity | Plants with antirheumatic activity |
| 35.   | Alangium salvifolium L. F.                  | Ankol, Akola                       | Alangiaceae                        | Leaves                             |
| 36.   | Althaea rosea Cav.Diss.                     | -                                  | Malvaceae                          | Flower                             |
| 37.   | Baliospermum montanum Muell.                | Danti                              | Euphorbiaceae                      | Root                               |
| 38.   | Berberis asiatica Roxb.                     | Rasont                             | Berberidaceae                      | Plant                              |
| 39.   | Boerhavia diffusa L.                        | Punarnova                          | Nyctaginaceae                      | Root                               |
| 40.   | Cardiospermum halicacabum L .               | Kanphuti                           | Sapindaceae                        | Leaves, Plant                      |
| 41.   | Cocculus hirsutus (L.) Diels                | Chireta, Jamti                     | Menispermaceae                     | Root                               |
| 42.   | Costus speciosus Sm.                        | Keu                                | Zingiberaceae                      | Root                               |
| 43.   | Crateva nurvala Ham.                        | Barna, Barun                       | Capparidaceae                      | Leaves                             |
| 44.   | Cryptolepis buchananii Roem& Schult.        | Dudhi                              | Asclepiadaceae                     | Leaves                             |
| 45.   | Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb.) Wats.           | Palmarosa Grass                    | Poaceae                            | Whole Plant                        |
| 46.   | Cynodon dactylon Pers.                      | Dubghas                            | Poaceae                            | Plant, Rhizome                     |

| 47.                           | Dalbergia lanceolaria L.                   | Bithua                        | Fabaceae                      | Oil                           |
|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| 48.                           | Euphorbia tirucalli L.                     | Danda Thuar, Sind             | Euphorbiaceae                 | Milky Juice                   |
| 49.                           | Ficus benghalensis L.                      | Bada                          | Moraceae                      | Milky juice                   |
| 50.                           | Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall.           | Kurchi                        | Apocynaceae                   | Plant                         |
| 51.                           | Jatropa curcas L.                          | Safed Arand                   | Euphorbiaceae                 | Seed                          |
| 52.                           | Kydia calycina Roxb.                       | Puli, Boranga                 | Malvaceae                     | Leaves                        |
| 53.                           | Leonotis nepetifolia R. Br.                | Hajurchei                     | Lamiaceae                     | Leaves                        |
| 54.                           | Lepidium sativum L.                        | Chaunsar, Halim               | Cruciferae                    | Seed                          |
| 55.                           | Madhuca longifolia (var. latifolia) (L.)   | Madhua                        | Sapotaceae                    | Bark                          |
| 56.                           | Macbride Mallotus philippensis Muell. Arg. | Kamila                        | Euphorbiaceae                 | Root                          |
| 57.                           | Melia azedarach L.                         | Bakain, Bakarja               | Meliaceae                     | Seed                          |
| 58.                           | Momordica charantia L.                     | Karela                        | Cucurbitaceae                 | Fruit                         |
| 59.                           | Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L.                | Parijata                      | Oleaceae                      | Leaves                        |
| 60.                           | Papaver rhoeas L.                          | Lalpost, Lal                  | Papavaraceae                  | Root                          |
| 61.                           | Pavonia odorata Willd.                     | Bala                          | Malvaceae                     | Plant                         |
| 62.                           | Pergularia daemia (Forsk) Chiov.           | Jutuk                         | Asclepiadaceae                | Plant                         |
| 63.                           | Psoralea corylifolia L.                    | Bavachi                       | Fabaceae                      | Seed                          |
| 64.                           | Pueraria tuberosa DC.                      | Bankurma                      | Fabaceae                      | Root                          |
| 65.                           | Sida acuta Burm.                           | Chikna                        | Malvaceae                     | Root                          |
| 66.                           | Smilax zeylanica L.                        | Chobchini                     | Liliaceae                     | Root                          |
| 67.                           | Spondias pinnata Kurtz.                    | Amara                         | Anacardiaceae                 | Leaves, Bark                  |
| 68.                           | Trewia nudiflora L .                       | Pindara                       | Euphorbiaceae                 | Root                          |
| 69.                           | Tribulus terrestris L.                     | Chhota Gokhru                 | Zygophyllaceae                | Root                          |
| 70.                           | Urginea indica Kunth Enum.                 | Jangli Piyaz                  | Liliaceae                     | Bulb                          |
| 71.                           | Vanda tessellata Hook.                     | Vanda                         | Orchidaceae                   | Root                          |
| Plants with diuretic activity | Plants with diuretic activity              | Plants with diuretic activity | Plants with diuretic activity | Plants with diuretic activity |
| 72.                           | Acalypha indica L.                         | Khokali                       | Euphorbiaceae                 | Plant                         |
| 73.                           | Althea rosea Cav. Diss.                    | -                             | Malvaceae                     | Seeds                         |

|   74. | Amaranthus caudatus L.                   | -           | Amaranthaceae   | Plant           |
|-------|------------------------------------------|-------------|-----------------|-----------------|
|    75 | Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC             | -           | Oxalidaceae     | Leaves          |
|    76 | Boswellia serrata Roxb .                 | Kundur      | Burseraceae     | Gum             |
|    77 | Butea monosperma O. Kuntze               | Palas       | Fabaceae        | Leaves, Flowers |
|    78 | Cardiospermum halicacabum L.             | Kanphuti    | Sapindaceae     | Root            |
|    79 | Cassytha filiformis L.                   | Amarbeli    | Lauraceae       | Plant           |
|    80 | Chlorophytum arundinaceum Baker.         | Safed Musli | Liliaceae       | Root            |
|    81 | Cissampelos pareira L.                   | Akauadi     | Menispermaceae  | Root            |
|    82 | Cleome viscosa L.                        | Hulhul      | Capparidaceae   | Plant           |
|    83 | Cordia oblique Willd.                    | Bhairala    | Boraginaceae    | Fruit           |
|    84 | Crinum asiaticum L .                     | Chindar     | Amaryllidaceae  | Seeds           |
|    85 | Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.             | Kalimusli   | Amaryllidaceae  | Rhizome         |
|    86 | Curcuma zedoaria Rosc .                  | Kachura     | Zingiberaceae   | Root            |
|    87 | Cynodon dactylon Pers.                   | Dhoboghas   | Poaceae         | Juice           |
|    88 | Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf. Infl. Cap. | Dab.        | Poaceae         | Root            |
|    89 | Fumaria indica Pugsley.                  | Pitapapara  | Fumariaceae     | Plant           |
|    90 | Gossypium herbaceum L.                   | Kupas       | Malvaceae       | Root            |
|    91 | Gmnelina arborea Roxb.                   | Gamari      | Verbenaceae     | Fruit           |
|    92 | Gymnema sylvestre (Retz)R. Br.           | Merasingi   | Asclepiadaceae  | Leaves          |
|    93 | Heliotropium indicum L.                  | Hattajurie  | Boraginaceae    | Plant           |
|    94 | Heliotropium strigosum Willd.            | Chitiphul   | Boraginaceae    | Plant           |
|    95 | Hibiscus sabdariffa L.                   | Lalambari   | Malvaceae       | Leaves          |
|    96 | Homonoia riparia Lour. Fl. Cochinch.     | -           | Euphorbiaceae   | Root            |
|    97 | Indigofera glabra L.                     | -           | Fabaceae        | Plant           |
|    98 | Lepidium sativum L.                      | Chaunsar    | Cruciferae      | Seeds           |
|    99 | Mangifera indica L.                      | Amb         | Anacardiaceae   | Fruit           |
|   100 | Melia azedarach L.                       | Bakain      | Meliaceae       | Flowers, Leaves |
|   101 | Mucuna prurita Hook.                     | Goncha      | Fabaceae        | Root            |
|   102 | Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.                 | Ambuj       | Nymphaeaceae    | Root            |

|   103. | Nicandra physalodes Gaertn.       | -            | Solanaceae      | Plant          |
|--------|-----------------------------------|--------------|-----------------|----------------|
|    104 | Oxalis corniculata L.             | Amrul        | Oxalidaceae     | Plant          |
|    105 | Phyllantus reticulates Poir.      | Buinowla     | Euphorbiaceae   | Leaves         |
|    106 | Phyllantus urinaria L.            | Hazarmani    | Euphorbiaceae   | Plant          |
|    107 | Physalis divaricata L.            | Chirpoti     | Solanaceae      | Plant          |
|    108 | Pistia stratiotes L.              | Jalkhumbi    | Araceae         | Root           |
|    109 | Plumbago zeylanica L.             | Chitrak      | Plumbaginaceae  | Root           |
|    110 | Polygonum hydropiper L.           | -            | Polygonaceae    | Herb, Leaves   |
|    111 | Psoralea corylifolia L.           | Bavachi      | Fabaceae        | Fruit          |
|    112 | Rorippa indica L.                 | -            | Brassicaceae    | Plant          |
|    113 | Scirpus grossus L.F.              | Kasuru       | Cyperaceae      | Root           |
|    114 | Sebastiania orientale Muell-Arg.  | -            | Fabaceae        | Seeds          |
|    115 | Sida acuta Burm .                 | Chikna       | Malvaceae       | Root           |
|    116 | Solanum nigrum L .                | Makoi        | Solanaceae      | Fruit          |
|    117 | Solanum surattense Burm.F.        | -            | Solanaceae      | Fruit          |
|    118 | Stereospermum personatum (Hassk.) | Padar        | Bignoniaceae    | Root Bark      |
|    119 | Stereospermum suaveolens DC.      | Pad          | Bignoniaceae    | Root Bark      |
|    120 | Tectona grandis L .               | Sagwan       | Verbenaceae     | Flowers, Seeds |
|    121 | Thalictrum foliolosum DC.         | Mamira       | Ranunculaceae   | Root           |
|    122 | Urginea indica Kunth Enum.        | Jangli Piyaz | Liliaceae       | Bulb           |
|    123 | Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash   | Khas         | Poaceae         | Root           |
|    124 | Acalypha indica L.                | Khokali      | Euphorbiaceae   | Plant          |
|    125 | Baliospermum montanum Muell-Arg.  | Danti        | Euphorbiaceae   | Leaves         |
|    126 | Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC      | Lajalu       | Oxalidaceae     | Leaves         |
|    127 | Boerhavia diffusa L .             | Punarnava    | Nyctaginaceae   | Plant          |
|    128 | Celastrus paniculatus Willd .     | Jyotismati   | Celastraceae    | Seed Oil       |
|    129 | Cissampelos pareira L .           | Akauadi      | Menispermacea e | Root           |
|    130 | Clerodendron serratum Spreng.     | Bhargi       | Verbenaceae     | Root           |
|    131 | Costus speciosus L.               | Pushkara     | Zingiberaceae   | Root           |

|   132. | Crinum asiaticum L.                         | Chindar      | Amaryllidaceae   | Tuber         |
|--------|---------------------------------------------|--------------|------------------|---------------|
|    133 | Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.                | Kalimusli    | Amaryllidaceae   | Rhizome       |
|    134 | Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.                      | Kalihaladi   | Scitaminaceae    | Rhizome       |
|    135 | Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC.               | Shalpurni    | Fabaceae         | Root          |
|    136 | Dregea volubilis Benth.                     | Nakchhikni   | Asclepiadaceae   | Plant         |
|    137 | Eulophia nuda Lindl.                        | Ambarkand    | Orchidaceae      | Plant         |
|    138 | Euphorbia hirta L.                          | Dudhi        | Euphorbiaceae    | Plant         |
|    139 | Euphorbia neriifolia L.                     | Sehund       | Euphorbiaceae    | Plant         |
|    140 | Evolvulus alsinoides L.                     | Shyamakranta | Covolvulaceae    | Leaves        |
|    141 | Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br              | Merasingi    | Asclepiadaceae   | Plant         |
|    142 | Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall. ex. Dc.    | Kurchi       | Apocynaceae      | Bark          |
|    143 | Indigofera tinctoria L.                     | Neel         | Papilionaceae    | Plant         |
|    144 | Lepidium sativum L.                         | Chaunsar     | Cruciferae       | Plant         |
|    145 | Madhuca indica Gmel.                        | Madhua       | Sapotaceae       | Bark          |
|    146 | Mallotus philippinesis Muell-Arg.           | Kamala       | Euphorbiaceae    | Leaves        |
|    147 | Mimosa pudica L .                           | Touch Me Not | Mimosaceae       | Root          |
|    148 | Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.                    | Ambuj        | Nymphaeceae      | Flower        |
|    149 | Ochna Obtusata spp. Pumila                  | -            | Ochnaceae        | Root, Bark    |
|    150 | Operculina turpethum (L.) Silva Manso Enum. | Nisoth       | Convolvulaceae   | Root          |
|    151 | Oroxylum indicum Vent.                      | Arlu         | Bignoniaceae     | Root Bark     |
|    152 | Pavonia odorata Willd.                      | Bala         | Malvaceae        | Plant         |
|    153 | Passiflora foetida L.                       | -            | Passifloraceae   | Leaves, Fruit |
|    154 | Pergularia daemia Forssk.                   | Sagovani     | Asclepidaceae    | Leaves        |
|    155 | Pistia stratiotes L.                        | Jalkhumbi    | Araceae          | Leaves        |
|    156 | Portulaeca oleracea L.                      | Barlumia     | Portulacaceae    | Leaves        |
|    157 | Psoralea corylifolia L.                     | Bavchi       | Fabaceae         | Leaves        |
|    158 | Ricinus communis L.                         | Jada         | Euphorbiaceae    | Root          |
|    159 | Solanum indicum L.                          | Barhata      | Solanaceae       | Root          |
|    160 | Solanum nigrum L.                           | Makoi        | Solanaceae       | Berries       |

|   161. | Solanum surattense Burm. F.   | Kateli            | Solanaceae     | Roots             |
|--------|-------------------------------|-------------------|----------------|-------------------|
|    162 | Stereospermum suaveolens DC.  | Padal             | Bignoniaceae   | Root              |
|    163 | Tectona grandis L.            | Sagwan            | Verbenaceae    | Flower, Bark      |
|    164 | Tephrosia purpurea L.         | Sarphonka         | Fabaceae       | Plant             |
|    165 | Urginea indica Kunth Enum.    | Jangli piyaz      | Liliaceae      | Bulb              |
|    166 | Vanda tessellata Hook.        | Rasna, Vanda      | Orchidaceae    | Root              |
|    167 | Withania somnifera            | Ashwagandha       | Solanaceae     | Root              |
|    168 | Terminalia ballerica          | Behera            | Combretaceae   | Leaf, seed        |
|    169 | Rauvolfia serpentina          | Sarpgandha        | Apocynaceae    | Roots             |
|    170 | Phyllanthus emblica           | Amla              | Phyllanthaceae | Fruits            |
|    171 | Hedychium coronarium          | Saugandhika pushp | Zingiberaceae  | Rhizome           |
|    172 | Gmelina arborea               | Gambhari          | Lamiaceae      | Leaf              |
|    173 | Andrographis paniculata       | Kalmegh           | Acanthaceae    | Hole Plant        |
|    174 | Dioscorea deltoidea           | Baniatakari       | Dioscoreaceae  | Leaf              |
|    175 | Gloriosa superba              | Kalihari          | Colchicaceae   | Tuberous rhizomes |
|    176 | Curcuma caesia                | Kali haldi        | Zingiberaceae  | Rhizomes          |