Lok Sabha Question No. 134 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-02-03
Subject: Progress in achieving Climate Goals
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Shri E T Mohammed Basheer, Shri Deepender Singh Hooda

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 134

TO BE ANSWERED ON 03.02.2025

## Progress in achieving Climate Goals

## 134. SHRI DEEPENDER SINGH HOODA:

## SHRI E T MOHAMMED BASHEER:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of progress made in Financial Year 2024-25 towards achieving country's climate goals as stated in international agreements;
- (b) the details of status of roll-out of the carbon trading policy and the pricing of carbon credits;
- (c) the details of cooperative measures taken/proposed to be taken by the Government to align its climate goals with global targets, particularly under the Paris Agreement; and
- (d) the manner in which the Government is collaborating with other nations to develop sustainable energy sources and mitigate environmental degradation?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

(SHRI KIRTI VARDHAN SINGH)

- (a) The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Paris Agreement does not subscribe to financial year wise reporting. India subscribes to its updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC), submitted in 2022, as per the Paris Agreement under the UNFCCC.

As  per  India's  4 th Biennial  Update  Report  (BUR-4)  submitted  to  the  UNFCCC  on  30 th December,  2024,  between  2005  and  2020,  India's  emission  intensity  of  Gross  Domestic Product (GDP) reduced by 36% as against the NDC target of 45% to be achieved by 2030.

Regarding status on achievement of target under NDC related to the share of non-fossil fuelbased sources, the share in India's total installed electricity generation capacity is 47.10% in December 2024 as against the target of 50% to be achieved by 2030.

As compared to the base year of 2005, India has reached 2.29 billion tonnes of additional carbon sink as against the target of 2.5 to 3.0 billion tonnes by 2030 through additional forest and tree cover.

(b)  and  (c) The Government of India amended the Energy Conservation Act, 2001 (52 of 2001)  in  the  year  2022  to  facilitate  the  development  of  carbon  market  in  the  country. Subsequently under the act, the Government has notified the Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) vide notification S.O. 2825(E), dated 28th June 2023 and amendment notification S.O. 5369(E), dated 19th December 2023.

The  CCTS  provides  for  two  mechanisms  namely,  compliance  mechanism  and  offset mechanism. In the compliance mechanism, the obligated entities are required to comply with the prescribed GHG emission intensity reduction norms in each compliance cycle of CCTS. The obligated entities which reduce their GHG emission intensity below the prescribed GHG emission  intensity  are  eligible  for  issuance  of  Carbon  Credit  Certificates.  ln  the  offset mechanism, the non-obligated entities can register their projects for GHG emission reduction or removal or avoidance for issuance of Carbon Credit Certificates.

The Government of India has also developed a plan to smoothly shift energy-intensive sectors and Designated Consumers (DCs) from the Perform, Achieve, and Trade (PAT) Scheme to the compliance mechanism under the CCTS. This plan ensures continuity, consistency, and alignment with national climate goals while avoiding duplication of targets. To initiate the transition, the Government has identified nine energy-intensive sectors for inclusion under compliance  mechanism  of  the  CCTS,  namely, Aluminium,  Cement,  Steel,  Paper,  ChlorAlkali,  Fertiliser,  Refinery,  Petrochemical,  and  Textile.  Under  the  offset  mechanism,  ten sectors  has  been  approved,  which  include  energy,  industries,  waste  handling  &  disposal, agriculture,  forestry,  transport,  construction,  fugitive  emissions,  solvent  use  and  Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage.

The Government has also notified the National Designated Authority for the Implementation of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement (NDAIAPA), vide Gazette Notification, dated 30th May, 2022. The Authority has updated and finalized the list of 14 activities under Green House Gas (GHG) mitigation activities, alternate materials, and removal activities, which are eligible for trading of international carbon credits under bilateral/ cooperative approaches, under Article 6.2 and Article 6.4 of the Paris Agreement.

(d)  The Government collaborates with other countries in the field of Renewable Energy sector and mitigating the environment degradation through mechanisms such as Memorandums of Understanding,  Letters  of  Intent,  Joint  Declarations  of  Intent,  Energy  Dialogues  and Partnerships.

The United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA), at its Sixth Session held in Nairobi, Kenya, on 1st March, 2024, unanimously adopted the resolution on sustainable lifestyles. The resolution based on the precepts of Mission LiFE was moved by India and co- sponsored by

Sri Lanka and Bolivia and is a significant step forward in the globalisation of the concept of Mission LiFE or Lifestyle for Environment (LiFE).

India hosted the 3rd Voice of Global South Summit on 17th August, 2024 with the overarching theme  "An  Empowered  Global  South  for  a  Sustainable  Future'.  In  the  Environment Ministers' Session, 18 countries and 1 bank from Global South participated. India emphasized the importance of encouraging sustainable consumption and production patterns, promoting sustainable lifestyles, reducing waste, and fostering a culture of conservation and respect for natural resources. The deliberations highlighted the call for climate justice and developing countries' demand for climate finance, technology transfer and capacity building.

Presently,  India  has  cross  border  interconnections  with  Nepal,  Bhutan,  Bangladesh  and Myanmar. An  Agreement  between  India  and  Bhutan  concerning Cooperation in  the  field  of Hydroelectric Power was signed on 28th July, 2006. India and Nepal signed an agreement on 04.01.2024 which will facilitate export of 10,000 MW of electricity from Nepal to India in the next 10 years.

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