Lok Sabha Question No. 2376 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-12-18
Subject: Number of Educated and Unemployed Youth
Ministry: LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
Asked by: Dulal Chandra Goswami

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2376

TO BE ANSWERED ON 18 TH  DECEMBER, 2023

## NUMBER OF EDUCATED AND UNEMPLOYED YOUTH

## 2376.    SHRI DULAL CHANDRA GOSWAMI:

Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) the  details  of  educated  and  uneducated  unemployed  youth  along  with  the people  provided  with  employment  during  each  of  the  last  three  years  and current year, State/UT-wise;
- (b) the details of schemes formulated to create additional employment opportunities  for  the  educated  and  uneducated  youth  in  the  country  along with earmarked/achieved targets during the above said period; and
- (c) the steps taken by the Government to create more employment opportunities in  various  sectors  of  economy  and  the  measures  to  provide  professional training to enhance the skills of marginalised labourers?

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT

## ANSWER (SHRI RAMESWAR TELI)

(a)  to  (c):    The  data  on  Employment  and  Unemployment  is  collected  through Periodic  Labour  Force  Survey  (PLFS)  which  is  conducted  by  the  Ministry  of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI) since 2017-18. The survey period is July to June every year.

As per the latest available Annual PLFS Reports, the estimated Unemployment Rate (UR) on usual status for youth of age 15-29 years was 12.9%, 12.4%  and  10.0%  during  2020-21,  2021-22  and  2022-23,  respectively.  The  data shows that the youth unemployment rate has declining trend in the country.

The estimated Unemployment Rate (UR) on usual status for persons of age 15  years  and  above  at  different  general  education  level  during  2020-21,  2021-22 and 2022-23 is as follows:

| (in %)                  | (in %)   | (in %)   | (in %)   |
|-------------------------|----------|----------|----------|
| General Education Level | 2020-21  | 2021-22  | 2022-23  |
| Not Literate            | 0.4      | 0.4      | 0.2      |
| Literate & Upto Primary | 1.4      | 1.0      | 0.5      |
| Middle                  | 2.5      | 2.6      | 1.7      |
| Secondary               | 3.8      | 3.4      | 2.2      |
| Higher Secondary        | 6.6      | 6.3      | 4.6      |
| Secondary & Above       | 9.1      | 8.6      | 7.3      |
| All                     | 4.2      | 4.1      | 3.2      |

Source: PLFS, MoSPI

The State/UT-wise estimated Unemployment Rate (UR) on usual status for persons of age 15 years and above at different general education level during 202021, 2021-22 and 2022-23 is at Annexure.

The  estimated  Worker  Population  Ratio  (WPR),  indicating  employment,  on usual status for youth of age 15-29 years was 36.1%, 36.8% and 40.1% during 202021,  2021-22  and  2022-23,  respectively,  shows  an  increasing  trend  of  youth employment in the country.

Employment generation coupled with improving employability is the priority of the Government. Accordingly, the Government of India has taken various steps for  generating  employment,  including  persons  from  marginalized  groups,  in  the country.

Investments in Infrastructure and productive capacity have a large multiplier impact on growth and employment. The budget of 2023-24 proposed to increase capital investment outlay steeply for the third year in a row by 33 per cent to Rs 10 lakh crore, which would be 3.3 per cent of GDP. This substantial increase in recent years is central to the government's efforts to enhance growth potential and job creation.

The  Government  of  India  has  announced  Aatmanirbhar  Bharat  package  to provide stimulus to business and to mitigate the adverse impact of Covid 19. Under this  package,  the  Government  has provided fiscal stimulus of  more than Rupees Twenty Seven lakh crore. This package comprises of various long term schemes/ programmes/ policies for making the country self-reliant and to create employment opportunities.

The  Aatmanirbhar  Bharat  Rojgar  Yojana  (ABRY)  was  launched  with  effect from 1st October, 2020 to incentivize employers for creation of new employment and restoration of loss of employment during Covid-19 pandemic. The terminal date for registration of beneficiaries was 31.03.2022. Since inception of the scheme, till 23.09.2023,  benefits  have  been  provided  to  60.47  lakhs  beneficiaries  under  the scheme.

The Government is implementing Prime Minister Street Vendor's AtmaNirbharNidhi  (PM  SVANidhi  Scheme)  since  June  01,  2020  to  facilitate collateral free working capital loan to street vendors to restart their businesses, which were adversely impacted during the Covid-19 pandemic. As on 23.11.2023, 78.08 lakh loans have been sanctioned under the scheme.

Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) was launched by the Government for facilitating  self-employment. Under PMMY, collateral free loans upto Rs. 10 lakh, are extended to micro/small business enterprises and to individuals to enable them to  setup  or  expand  their  business  activities.  As  on  17.11.2023,  more  than  44.41 crore loan accounts sanctioned under the scheme.

The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme is being implemented by the Government with an outlay of Rs. 1.97 lakh crore, for a period of 5 years starting from 2021-22 which have potential for creating 60 lakh new jobs.

PM  GatiShakti  is  a  transformative  approach  for  economic  growth  and sustainable development. The approach is driven by seven engines, namely, Roads, Railways, Airports, Ports, Mass Transport, Waterways and Logistics Infrastructure. This approach is powered by Clean Energy and Sabka Prayas leading to huge job and entrepreneurial opportunities for all.

The Government of India is encouraging various projects involving substantial  investment  and  public  expenditure  on  schemes  like  Prime  Minister's Employment  Generation  Programme  (PMEGP),  Mahatma  Gandhi  National  Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya  Yojana  (DDU-GKY)  and  Deen  Dayal  Antodaya  Yojana-National  Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM) etc. for employment generation. The Government is  implementing  a  programme  for  skilling  of  rural  youth  for  entrepreneurship development through Rural Self Employment and Training Institutes (RSETIs).

Further,  the  Ministry  of  Skill  Development  and  Entrepreneurship  (MSDE)  is implementing  the  National  Apprenticeship  Promotion  Scheme  (NAPS),  Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS) Scheme and Craftsman  Training  Scheme  (CTS)  through  Industrial  Training  Institutes  (ITIs)  to enhance the employability of youth.

Besides  these  initiatives,  various  flagship  programmes  of  the  Government such as Make in India, Start-up India, Stand-up India, Digital India, Housing for All etc. are also oriented towards generating employment opportunities.

All these initiatives are expected to collectively generate employment in the medium to long term through multiplier-effects.

*****

Annexure  referred  to  in  reply  of  part  (a)  to  (c)  of  the  Lok  Sabha  Unstarred Question No. 2376 due for reply on 18.12.2023.

State/UT-wise estimated Unemployment Rate (UR) on usual status for persons of age 15 years and above at different general education level during 2020-21, 2021-

22 and 2022-23

| Unemployment Rate during 2020-21 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2020-21 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2020-21 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2020-21 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2020-21 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2020-21 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2020-21 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2020-21 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2020-21 (in %)   |
|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| S. No.                                    | States \ UTs                              | Not Literate                              | Literate & upto Primary                   | Middle                                    | Secondary                                 | Higher Secondary                          | Secondary & above                         | All                                       |
| 1                                         | Andhra Pradesh                            | 0.2                                       | 0.0                                       | 1.5                                       | 2.3                                       | 5.6                                       | 11.0                                      | 4.1                                       |
| 2                                         | Arunachal Pradesh                         | 0.2                                       | 0.9                                       | 2.2                                       | 4.3                                       | 7.6                                       | 13.3                                      | 5.7                                       |
| 3                                         | Assam                                     | 0.1                                       | 1.4                                       | 3.7                                       | 3.9                                       | 7.7                                       | 8.1                                       | 4.1                                       |
| 4                                         | Bihar                                     | 1.2                                       | 4.5                                       | 2.9                                       | 6.8                                       | 7.5                                       | 9.5                                       | 4.6                                       |
| 5                                         | Chhattisgarh                              | 0.1                                       | 1.2                                       | 2.4                                       | 3.5                                       | 2.6                                       | 5.9                                       | 2.5                                       |
| 6                                         | Delhi                                     | 0.0                                       | 3.9                                       | 2.5                                       | 7.8                                       | 13.9                                      | 9.8                                       | 6.3                                       |
| 7                                         | Goa                                       | 3.3                                       | 1.1                                       | 8.2                                       | 6.1                                       | 17.5                                      | 14.3                                      | 10.5                                      |
| 8                                         | Gujarat                                   | 0.2                                       | 0.4                                       | 2.5                                       | 1.6                                       | 3.9                                       | 4.0                                       | 2.2                                       |
| 9                                         | Haryana                                   | 1.8                                       | 2.3                                       | 3.4                                       | 7.3                                       | 10.4                                      | 10.0                                      | 6.3                                       |
| 10                                        | Himachal Pradesh                          | 0.1                                       | 0.3                                       | 0.3                                       | 0.8                                       | 3.8                                       | 5.6                                       | 3.3                                       |
| 11                                        | Jharkhand                                 | 0.3                                       | 2.4                                       | 2.5                                       | 5.0                                       | 4.7                                       | 7.1                                       | 3.1                                       |
| 12                                        | Karnataka                                 | 0.2                                       | 0.0                                       | 1.1                                       | 3.1                                       | 3.4                                       | 5.8                                       | 2.7                                       |
| 13                                        | Kerala                                    | 0.8                                       | 1.5                                       | 2.5                                       | 3.1                                       | 13.9                                      | 16.6                                      | 10.1                                      |
| 14                                        | Madhya Pradesh                            | 0.1                                       | 0.7                                       | 1.9                                       | 1.8                                       | 2.1                                       | 5.0                                       | 1.9                                       |
| 15                                        | Maharashtra                               | 0.3                                       | 0.7                                       | 2.3                                       | 2.6                                       | 4.9                                       | 6.7                                       | 3.7                                       |
| 16                                        | Manipur                                   | 0.8                                       | 0.2                                       | 3.1                                       | 3.6                                       | 6.5                                       | 8.4                                       | 5.6                                       |
| 17                                        | Meghalaya                                 | 0.0                                       | 0.1                                       | 0.7                                       | 3.1                                       | 4.3                                       | 6.3                                       | 1.7                                       |
| 18                                        | Mizoram                                   | 0.0                                       | 0.7                                       | 1.0                                       | 1.2                                       | 3.0                                       | 7.3                                       | 3.5                                       |
| 19                                        | Nagaland                                  | 0.0                                       | 1.2                                       | 9.7                                       | 20.9                                      | 29.3                                      | 30.8                                      | 19.2                                      |
| 20                                        | Odisha                                    | 0.7                                       | 1.2                                       | 4.1                                       | 8.0                                       | 11.5                                      | 14.4                                      | 5.3                                       |
| 21                                        | Punjab                                    | 0.8                                       | 0.8                                       | 2.9                                       | 5.2                                       | 12.2                                      | 11.2                                      | 6.2                                       |
| 22                                        | Rajasthan                                 | 0.2                                       | 2.5                                       | 2.9                                       | 3.0                                       | 8.0                                       | 12.4                                      | 4.7                                       |
| 23                                        | Sikkim                                    | 0.0                                       | 0.1                                       | 2.0                                       | 0.3                                       | 2.2                                       | 1.9                                       | 1.1                                       |
| 24                                        | Tamil Nadu                                | 0.2                                       | 0.4                                       | 2.1                                       | 3.5                                       | 4.4                                       | 11.6                                      | 5.2                                       |
| 25                                        | Telangana                                 | 0.2                                       | 1.4                                       | 3.5                                       | 4.0                                       | 7.0                                       | 9.9                                       | 4.9                                       |
| 26                                        | Tripura                                   | 0.0                                       | 0.3                                       | 3.0                                       | 3.5                                       | 5.0                                       | 9.1                                       | 3.2                                       |
| 27                                        | Uttarakhand                               | 0.4                                       | 1.9                                       | 3.0                                       | 3.2                                       | 17.4                                      | 12.5                                      | 6.9                                       |
| 28                                        | Uttar Pradesh                             | 0.8                                       | 3.5                                       | 2.1                                       | 3.5                                       | 5.6                                       | 8.4                                       | 4.2                                       |
| 29                                        | West Bengal                               | 0.4                                       | 1.1                                       | 3.3                                       | 4.1                                       | 8.0                                       | 8.2                                       | 3.5                                       |
| 30                                        | A & N Island                              | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 2.8                                       | 4.7                                       | 10.4                                      | 16.6                                      | 9.1                                       |
| 31                                        | Chandigarh                                | 0.0                                       | 6.9                                       | 8.9                                       | 9.6                                       | 4.2                                       | 7.8                                       | 7.1                                       |
| 32                                        | D & N Haveli & Daman & Diu                | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 11.4                                      | 5.2                                       | 4.5                                       | 3.8                                       | 4.2                                       |
| 33                                        | Jammu & Kashmir                           | 0.2                                       | 0.4                                       | 1.9                                       | 4.1                                       | 8.0                                       | 14.1                                      | 5.9                                       |
| 34                                        | Ladakh                                    | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 3.8                                       | 4.8                                       | 2.9                                       |
| 35                                        | Lakshadweep                               | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 11.9                                      | 7.0                                       | 20.4                                      | 13.4                                      |
| 36                                        | Puducherry                                | 0.0                                       | 1.8                                       | 3.3                                       | 1.1                                       | 7.9                                       | 10.5                                      | 6.7                                       |
|                                           | All India                                 | 0.4                                       | 1.4                                       | 2.5                                       | 3.8                                       | 6.6                                       | 9.1                                       | 4.2                                       |

Source: PLFS, MoSPI

| Unemployment Rate during 2021-22 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2021-22 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2021-22 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2021-22 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2021-22 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2021-22 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2021-22 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2021-22 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2021-22 (in %)   |
|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| S. No.                                    | State \ UT                                | Not Literate                              | Literate & upto Primary                   | Middle                                    | Secondary                                 | Higher Secondary                          | Secondary & above                         | All                                       |
| 1                                         | Andhra Pradesh                            | 0.2                                       | 0.0                                       | 0.1                                       | 2.1                                       | 6.0                                       | 10.9                                      | 4.2                                       |
| 2                                         | Arunachal Pradesh                         | 0.3                                       | 1.7                                       | 5.6                                       | 4.9                                       | 11.7                                      | 18.2                                      | 7.7                                       |
| 3                                         | Assam                                     | 0.2                                       | 1.0                                       | 4.3                                       | 4.8                                       | 9.0                                       | 8.1                                       | 3.9                                       |
| 4                                         | Bihar                                     | 1.1                                       | 3.6                                       | 5.5                                       | 5.8                                       | 11.8                                      | 12.0                                      | 5.9                                       |
| 5                                         | Chhattisgarh                              | 0.2                                       | 0.5                                       | 1.3                                       | 2.4                                       | 4.0                                       | 6.4                                       | 2.4                                       |
| 6                                         | Delhi                                     | 2.0                                       | 0.4                                       | 6.1                                       | 5.2                                       | 3.4                                       | 6.8                                       | 5.3                                       |
| 7                                         | Goa                                       | 0.0                                       | 2.7                                       | 4.4                                       | 9.8                                       | 16.9                                      | 17.4                                      | 12.0                                      |
| 8                                         | Gujarat                                   | 0.8                                       | 0.3                                       | 1.1                                       | 3.8                                       | 2.3                                       | 4.3                                       | 2.0                                       |
| 9                                         | Haryana                                   | 2.8                                       | 2.9                                       | 9.9                                       | 6.5                                       | 13.7                                      | 12.3                                      | 9.0                                       |
| 10                                        | Himachal Pradesh                          | 0.1                                       | 0.4                                       | 0.3                                       | 0.8                                       | 5.0                                       | 7.1                                       | 4.0                                       |
| 11                                        | Jharkhand                                 | 0.3                                       | 1.3                                       | 1.2                                       | 1.9                                       | 3.1                                       | 4.8                                       | 2.0                                       |
| 12                                        | Karnataka                                 | 0.1                                       | 0.2                                       | 1.5                                       | 1.8                                       | 3.1                                       | 6.5                                       | 3.2                                       |
| 13                                        | Kerala                                    | 1.4                                       | 0.9                                       | 2.1                                       | 5.7                                       | 14.4                                      | 15.9                                      | 9.6                                       |
| 14                                        | Madhya Pradesh                            | 0.1                                       | 0.2                                       | 2.2                                       | 1.9                                       | 2.3                                       | 5.7                                       | 2.1                                       |
| 15                                        | Maharashtra                               | 0.4                                       | 0.6                                       | 1.9                                       | 3.0                                       | 5.2                                       | 6.1                                       | 3.5                                       |
| 16                                        | Manipur                                   | 0.0                                       | 2.2                                       | 4.1                                       | 8.5                                       | 7.3                                       | 13.9                                      | 9.0                                       |
| 17                                        | Meghalaya                                 | 0.0                                       | 0.1                                       | 2.4                                       | 4.6                                       | 4.1                                       | 7.1                                       | 2.6                                       |
| 18                                        | Mizoram                                   | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 2.6                                       | 3.6                                       | 4.2                                       | 10.6                                      | 5.4                                       |
| 19                                        | Nagaland                                  | 0.0                                       | 0.8                                       | 5.9                                       | 10.5                                      | 11.2                                      | 15.6                                      | 9.1                                       |
| 20                                        | Odisha                                    | 0.1                                       | 1.8                                       | 5.3                                       | 9.3                                       | 12.7                                      | 15.6                                      | 6.0                                       |
| 21                                        | Punjab                                    | 0.4                                       | 1.7                                       | 4.4                                       | 2.8                                       | 15.0                                      | 11.1                                      | 6.4                                       |
| 22                                        | Rajasthan                                 | 0.4                                       | 1.1                                       | 2.8                                       | 4.4                                       | 6.8                                       | 12.3                                      | 4.7                                       |
| 23                                        | Sikkim                                    | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 0.4                                       | 0.7                                       | 2.5                                       | 4.9                                       | 1.6                                       |
| 24                                        | Tamil Nadu                                | 0.0                                       | 0.5                                       | 1.6                                       | 2.7                                       | 4.5                                       | 10.3                                      | 4.8                                       |
| 25                                        | Telangana                                 | 0.0                                       | 0.4                                       | 2.4                                       | 1.0                                       | 3.7                                       | 8.9                                       | 4.2                                       |
| 26                                        | Tripura                                   | 0.0                                       | 0.5                                       | 2.8                                       | 3.5                                       | 3.3                                       | 7.9                                       | 3.0                                       |
| 27                                        | Uttarakhand                               | 1.2                                       | 2.4                                       | 3.6                                       | 4.4                                       | 7.0                                       | 12.3                                      | 7.8                                       |
| 28                                        | Uttar Pradesh                             | 0.5                                       | 1.1                                       | 1.8                                       | 1.9                                       | 3.8                                       | 6.2                                       | 2.9                                       |
| 29                                        | West Bengal                               | 0.1                                       | 1.7                                       | 3.7                                       | 3.6                                       | 8.7                                       | 7.2                                       | 3.4                                       |
| 30                                        | A & N Island                              | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 1.2                                       | 2.1                                       | 7.4                                       | 15.4                                      | 7.8                                       |
| 31                                        | Chandigarh                                | 1.4                                       | 3.1                                       | 7.5                                       | 5.1                                       | 13.4                                      | 7.2                                       | 6.3                                       |
| 32                                        | D & N Haveli & Daman & Diu                | 6.2                                       | 0.0                                       | 6.1                                       | 5.3                                       | 6.9                                       | 6.3                                       | 5.2                                       |
| 33                                        | Jammu & Kashmir                           | 0.2                                       | 0.6                                       | 2.0                                       | 1.9                                       | 8.5                                       | 12.0                                      | 5.2                                       |
| 34                                        | Ladakh                                    | 0.0                                       | 0.1                                       | 2.4                                       | 5.0                                       | 5.3                                       | 6.3                                       | 3.3                                       |
| 35                                        | Lakshadweep                               | 62.4                                      | 8.5                                       | 8.9                                       | 16.4                                      | 16.9                                      | 20.6                                      | 17.2                                      |
| 36                                        | Puducherry                                | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 0.2                                       | 1.7                                       | 0.4                                       | 9.8                                       | 5.8                                       |
|                                           | All India                                 | 0.4                                       | 1.0                                       | 2.6                                       | 3.4                                       | 6.3                                       | 8.6                                       | 4.1                                       |

Source: PLFS, MoSPI

| Unemployment Rate during 2022-23 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2022-23 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2022-23 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2022-23 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2022-23 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2022-23 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2022-23 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2022-23 (in %)   | Unemployment Rate during 2022-23 (in %)   |
|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| S. No.                                    | State \ UT                                | Not Literate                              | Literate & upto Primary                   | Middle                                    | Secondary                                 | Higher Secondary                          | Secondary & above                         | All                                       |
| 1                                         | Andhra Pradesh                            | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 0.1                                       | 0.8                                       | 6.3                                       | 11.4                                      | 4.1                                       |
| 2                                         | Arunachal Pradesh                         | 0.1                                       | 0.1                                       | 2.7                                       | 5.5                                       | 5.1                                       | 13.3                                      | 4.8                                       |
| 3                                         | Assam                                     | 0.1                                       | 0.2                                       | 2.4                                       | 2.1                                       | 6.7                                       | 6.5                                       | 1.7                                       |
| 4                                         | Bihar                                     | 0.3                                       | 1.8                                       | 4.2                                       | 4.9                                       | 4.5                                       | 8.7                                       | 3.9                                       |
| 5                                         | Chhattisgarh                              | 0.0                                       | 0.2                                       | 1.2                                       | 2.8                                       | 3.8                                       | 7.0                                       | 2.4                                       |
| 6                                         | Delhi                                     | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 0.4                                       | 2.1                                       | 0.5                                       | 3.8                                       | 1.9                                       |
| 7                                         | Goa                                       | 0.0                                       | 2.4                                       | 3.5                                       | 12.5                                      | 10.7                                      | 14.8                                      | 9.7                                       |
| 8                                         | Gujarat                                   | 0.2                                       | 0.6                                       | 1.0                                       | 2.3                                       | 1.8                                       | 3.7                                       | 1.7                                       |
| 9                                         | Haryana                                   | 1.7                                       | 0.9                                       | 3.7                                       | 4.2                                       | 12.8                                      | 9.8                                       | 6.1                                       |
| 10                                        | Himachal Pradesh                          | 0.4                                       | 0.8                                       | 0.3                                       | 1.2                                       | 3.1                                       | 7.1                                       | 4.3                                       |
| 11                                        | Jharkhand                                 | 0.0                                       | 0.2                                       | 0.9                                       | 0.8                                       | 1.6                                       | 4.4                                       | 1.7                                       |
| 12                                        | Karnataka                                 | 0.1                                       | 0.0                                       | 1.2                                       | 1.3                                       | 3.1                                       | 4.9                                       | 2.4                                       |
| 13                                        | Kerala                                    | 0.0                                       | 0.5                                       | 0.6                                       | 2.4                                       | 11.0                                      | 12.2                                      | 7.0                                       |
| 14                                        | Madhya Pradesh                            | 0.0                                       | 0.2                                       | 1.2                                       | 2.0                                       | 2.1                                       | 4.7                                       | 1.6                                       |
| 15                                        | Maharashtra                               | 0.0                                       | 0.2                                       | 1.8                                       | 2.3                                       | 3.6                                       | 5.5                                       | 3.1                                       |
| 16                                        | Manipur                                   | 0.1                                       | 1.4                                       | 3.7                                       | 2.9                                       | 6.3                                       | 7.0                                       | 4.7                                       |
| 17                                        | Meghalaya                                 | 0.0                                       | 2.7                                       | 5.7                                       | 6.1                                       | 16.3                                      | 12.4                                      | 6.0                                       |
| 18                                        | Mizoram                                   | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 0.2                                       | 0.3                                       | 0.7                                       | 5.1                                       | 2.2                                       |
| 19                                        | Nagaland                                  | 0.0                                       | 0.2                                       | 1.2                                       | 2.4                                       | 4.9                                       | 8.9                                       | 4.3                                       |
| 20                                        | Odisha                                    | 0.2                                       | 0.6                                       | 2.0                                       | 4.3                                       | 7.5                                       | 11.1                                      | 3.9                                       |
| 21                                        | Punjab                                    | 0.8                                       | 1.1                                       | 2.8                                       | 3.4                                       | 13.2                                      | 10.4                                      | 6.1                                       |
| 22                                        | Rajasthan                                 | 0.2                                       | 0.8                                       | 2.3                                       | 2.3                                       | 4.5                                       | 12.5                                      | 4.4                                       |
| 23                                        | Sikkim                                    | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 0.1                                       | 0.3                                       | 0.9                                       | 6.9                                       | 2.2                                       |
| 24                                        | Tamil Nadu                                | 0.1                                       | 0.3                                       | 1.8                                       | 1.3                                       | 4.2                                       | 9.4                                       | 4.3                                       |
| 25                                        | Telangana                                 | 0.0                                       | 0.2                                       | 1.7                                       | 0.9                                       | 2.7                                       | 8.9                                       | 4.4                                       |
| 26                                        | Tripura                                   | 0.0                                       | 0.1                                       | 0.3                                       | 1.2                                       | 3.6                                       | 5.8                                       | 1.4                                       |
| 27                                        | Uttarakhand                               | 0.4                                       | 0.9                                       | 3.4                                       | 1.6                                       | 3.4                                       | 6.7                                       | 4.5                                       |
| 28                                        | Uttar Pradesh                             | 0.2                                       | 0.9                                       | 1.4                                       | 1.6                                       | 3.1                                       | 5.4                                       | 2.4                                       |
| 29                                        | West Bengal                               | 0.3                                       | 0.7                                       | 1.8                                       | 1.8                                       | 5.1                                       | 5.1                                       | 2.2                                       |
| 30                                        | A & N. Island                             | 0.0                                       | 2.2                                       | 3.0                                       | 7.6                                       | 13.2                                      | 16.8                                      | 9.7                                       |
| 31                                        | Chandigarh                                | 3.8                                       | 0.7                                       | 3.4                                       | 2.6                                       | 6.7                                       | 4.5                                       | 4.0                                       |
| 32                                        | D & N Haveli & Daman & Diu                | 0.1                                       | 0.9                                       | 0.5                                       | 0.0                                       | 1.5                                       | 4.7                                       | 2.5                                       |
| 33                                        | Jammu & Kashmir                           | 0.0                                       | 1.2                                       | 2.0                                       | 1.9                                       | 8.1                                       | 9.7                                       | 4.4                                       |
| 34                                        | Ladakh                                    | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 3.2                                       | 8.8                                       | 7.6                                       | 12.5                                      | 6.1                                       |
| 35                                        | Lakshadweep                               | 0.0                                       | 0.0                                       | 3.8                                       | 0.0                                       | 22.0                                      | 15.4                                      | 11.1                                      |
| 36                                        | Puducherry                                | 0.0                                       | 0.6                                       | 0.6                                       | 0.5                                       | 4.8                                       | 9.7                                       | 5.6                                       |
|                                           | All India                                 | 0.2                                       | 0.5                                       | 1.7                                       | 2.2                                       | 4.6                                       | 7.3                                       | 3.2                                       |

Source: PLFS, MoSPI