Lok Sabha Question No. 2554 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-08-07
Subject: Unusual Heavy Rainfall
Ministry: EARTH SCIENCES
Asked by: Shri Satpal Brahamchari

- (a) Yes.
- (b) The  India  Meteorological  Department  (IMD)  has  classified  heavy  rainfall  events  into three major categories (heavy rainfall: 64.5 mm to 115.5 mm, very heavy rainfall: 115.6 mm to 204.4 mm, extremely heavy rainfall: 204.5 mm and above).

IMD routinely analyzed all heavy rainfall events observed nationwide, and the causes are published as the weekly, monthly, and monsoon season end reports (https://imdpune.gov.in/reports.php).  At  the  end  of  each  year,  the  Annual  Climate Summary (https://www.imdpune.gov.in/cmpg/Product/acs.html) summarizes all significant events.

Also,  IMD  analysed  the  changing  rainfall  pattern  in  the  country  and  extremes  in  the recent 30 years at different spatial scales (States and Districts). A total of 29 reports on "Observed Rainfall Variability and Changes" for various States/UTs were published by IMD in January 2020, and it is available at the following (https://www.imdpune.gov.in/Reports/rainfall%20variability%20page/raintrend%20new. html).

## MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2554 TO BE ANSWERED ON WEDNESDAY, 7 TH AUGUST, 2024

## UNUSUAL HEAVY RAINFALL

## † 2554. SHRI SATPAL BRAHAMCHARI:

Will the Minister of EARTH SCIENCES be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has proposed/is proposing to conduct a study on unusual heavy rainfall during the last five years;
- (b) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor;
- (c) the details of the deaths caused by heavy rainfall in the country during each of the last five years, year, State and district-wise; and
- (d) whether the emerging technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI) is used/being used to improve  weather  forecasting  in  the  country  at  present,  if  so,  the  details  thereof, State/district-wise?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND EARTH SCIENCES (DR. JITENDRA SINGH)

- (c) The  latest  details  are  given  in  Annexure-1  as  per  the  National  Crime  Record  Bureau (NCRB), Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).
- (d) Yes.  Artificial  intelligence  (AI)  is  being  used  to  improve  weather,  climate,  and  ocean forecasting skills for the entire country, at various institutes under the ministry.  Some of these works include:
-  Improvement of the short-range precipitation forecast in 1-day, 2-day, and 3-day lead times with a reduction in bias
-  Development  of  high-resolution  (300  meters)  urban  gridded  meteorological datasets for temperature and precipitation
-  Development of the time-varying Normalized Difference Urbanization Index with a spatial resolution of 30 meters from 1992-2023
-  Development  of very high-resolution precipitation datasets for verification purposes

## Deaths due to Heavy Rains during 2018-2022:

| Torrential Rains   | Torrential Rains   | Torrential Rains   | Torrential Rains   | Torrential Rains   | Torrential Rains   | Torrential Rains   |
|--------------------|--------------------|--------------------|--------------------|--------------------|--------------------|--------------------|
| S. No.             | State/UT           | 2018               | 2019               | 2020               | 2021               | 2022               |
| 1                  | ANDHRA PRADESH     | 0                  | 0                  | 7                  | 0                  | 0                  |
| 2                  | ARUNACHAL PRADESH  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  |
| 3                  | ASSAM              | 0                  | 0                  | 1                  | 0                  | 1                  |
| 4                  | BIHAR              | 59                 | 13                 | 1                  | 5                  | 0                  |
| 5                  | CHHATTISGARH       | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 3                  |
| 6                  | GOA                | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 1                  | 0                  |
| 7                  | GUJARAT            | 0                  | 1                  | 0                  | 0                  | 2                  |
| 8                  | HARYANA            | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  |
| 9                  | HIMACHAL PRADESH   | 16                 | 1                  | 0                  | 0                  | 2                  |
| 10                 | JAMMU &KASHMIR     | 0                  | 0                  |                    |                    |                    |
| 11                 | JHARKHAND          | 8                  | 3                  | 10                 | 12                 | 1                  |
| 12                 | KARNATAKA          | 3                  | 6                  | 2                  | 10                 | 12                 |
| 13                 | KERALA             | 5                  | 2                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  |
| 14                 | MADHYAPRADESH      | 1                  | 1                  | 1                  | 0                  | 2                  |
| 15                 | MAHARASHTRA        | 3                  | 5                  | 5                  | 8                  | 2                  |
| 16                 | MANIPUR            | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  |
| 17                 | MEGHALAYA          | 0                  | 0                  | 6                  | 0                  | 0                  |
| 18                 | MIZORAM            | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  |
| 19                 | NAGALAND           | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  |
| 20                 | ODISHA             | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  |
| 21                 | PUNJAB             | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  |
| 22                 | RAJASTHAN          | 0                  | 3                  | 3                  | 9                  | 3                  |
| 23                 | SIKKIM             | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 1                  |
| 24                 | TAMIL NADU         | 0                  | 5                  | 1                  | 2                  | 0                  |
| 25                 | TELANGANA          | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  |
| 26                 | TRIPURA            | 0                  | 4                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  |
| 27                 | UTTAR PRADESH      | 3                  | 17                 | 0                  | 0                  | 31                 |
| 28                 | UTTARAKHAND        | 3                  | 7                  | 0                  | 16                 | 14                 |
| 29                 | WEST BENGAL        | 0                  | 1                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  |
|                    | TOTAL (STATES)     | 101                | 69                 | 37                 | 63                 | 74                 |
|                    | UNION TERRITORIES  |                    |                    |                    |                    |                    |
| 30                 | A &NISLANDS        | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  | 0                  |

## Annexure-1

| 31   | CHANDIGARH        | 0   | 0   |   0 |   0 |   0 |
|------|-------------------|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|
| 32   | D &NHAVELI        | 0   | 0   |   5 |   0 |   0 |
| 33   | DAMAN &DIU        | 0   | 0   |   1 |   0 |   0 |
| 34   | DELHI (UT)        | 0   | 0   |   0 |   0 |  15 |
| 35   | JAMMU &KASHMIR    |     |     |   0 |   0 |   0 |
| 36   | LAKSHADWEEP       | 0   | 0   |   0 |   0 |   0 |
| 37   | PUDUCHERRY        | 0   | 0   |   0 |   0 |   0 |
|      | TOTAL (UTs)       | 0   | 0   |   6 |   0 |  15 |
|      | TOTAL (ALL INDIA) | 101 | 69  |  43 |  63 |  89 |

Source: National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB), Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA)

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