Lok Sabha Question No. 637 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-02-06
Subject: Setting Up of Water Treatment and Desalination Plants
Ministry: JAL SHAKTI
Asked by: Shri Appalanaidu Kalisetti

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF JAL SHAKTI DEPARTMENT OF DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 637

ANSWERED ON. 06/02/2025

## SETTING UP OF WATER TREATMENT AND DESALINATION PLANTS

## 637. SHRI APPALANAIDU KALISETTI:

Will the Minister of JAL SHAKTI be pleased to state:

- a) the number of water treatment and desalination plants set up during the last five years and the current year, State/UT-wise along with their locations;
- b) the total expenditure incurred in setting up of these plants, including a breakup of costs for water treatment and desalination plants along with the per-litre cost of treated fresh water and desalinated water;
- c) the number of people benefitted from these plants during the said period, including the details of areas with high water scarcity, State/UT-wise;
- d) whether the Government has allocated any funds for research and development in water treatment and desalination technologies and if so, the details thereof; and
- e) the details of the budget allocated for the said purpose during the last five years and the current year along with the outcomes achieved from these investments?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR JAL SHAKTI (SHRI V. SOMANNA)

(a) to (c): Government of India is committed to make provision for safe & potable tap water supply in adequate quantity, of prescribed quality and on a regular & long-term basis to all rural households in the country. Towards this end, the Government of India launched the Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM), to be implemented in partnership with States, in August 2019. Under the  Jal  Jeevan  Mission,  as  per  existing  guidelines,  Bureau  of  Indian  Standards'  BIS:10500 standards are adopted as benchmarks for quality of water being supplied through the piped water supply schemes. Drinking Water being a State subject, the responsibility of planning, approval,  implementation,  operation,  and  maintenance  of  drinking  water  supply  schemes, including  those  under  the  Jal  Jeevan  Mission,  lies  with  State/UT  Governments.  The Government of India supports the States by providing technical and financial assistance. The choice of technology, best suited to the context in a State/UT, including use of desalination, for

making provision  of  potable  water  supply  to  households  lies  with  the  respective  State/UT Governments. As such, project-wise details of individual projects/ schemes for rural water supply projects are not maintained at the Government of India level.

A  Handbook  on  Drinking  Water  Treatment  Technologies  was  released  in  March  2023  to disseminate  information  regarding  new  technologies  available  amongst  all  stakeholders  to improve  the  performance  and  implementation  of  drinking  water  treatment  plants  using technologies that address local issues and challenges faced in water-quality affected villages. The States may take up appropriate water treatment system depending upon techno-economic feasibility. The details of Central fund allocated, drawn and utilization reported by the States/ UTs under JJM since 2019-20 to 2024-25 (as on 03.02.2025) for making provision of safe water through household tap water connection is at Annex-I .

As reported by State/ UT on JJM-IMIS, as on date, total of 35,699 Water Treatment Plants have been reported. State/ UT -wise details is at Annex-II .

(d) and (e): A 'Technical Committee' under the Chairmanship of Principal Scientific Advisor was reconstituted by DDWS for examination of Innovative technologies and Research and Development projects. The Technical Committee has approved eight Research & Development Projects. These R&D projects are undertaken by premier institutes like the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Institute of Minerals and  Materials  Technology  (IIMT),  and  Centre  for  Water  Resources  Development  & Management (CWRDM). The expenditure details on R&D projects are detailed below:

| Financial Year   | Expenditure     |
|------------------|-----------------|
| 2019-20          | Rs. 2.94 lakh   |
| 2020-21          | Rs. 25.17 lakh  |
| 2021-22          | Rs. 176.29 lakh |
| 2022-23          | Rs. 110.18 lakh |
| 2023-24          | Rs. 171.90 lakh |

For FY 2024-25, the budget allocation is Rs. 5 cr and the expenditure made is Rs 15.36 lakh. Outcomes of the R&D work:

Development of/ study on:-

- Microfluidic Bottle Cap for Wastewater Treatment and Recovery Systems for Water Reuse;
- Remediating Community Well water contaminated with an emerging and endocrine disrupting micro pollutant Perchlorate;
- Point of use and in line water quality sensors for detection of coliforms;
- Eco restoration of abandoned quarries for water harvesting;
- Implementation of TERAFIL Water filtration system in iron contaminated areas of Jharkhand and Odisha; and
- Prototype development to treat pesticide residue in surface water bodies.

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## Annex-I referred in the reply to Lok Sabha unstarred Question No. 637 for reply on 06/02/2025

## Jal Jeevan Mission: Allocation, Release, Expenditure in 2019-20 to 2024-25 (03.02.2025) (Rs. in Cr.)

|                   | Opening Balance   | Central    | Central Share Release up to Month March   | Expenditure Release Up to Month March   | Expenditure Release Up to Month March   | Expenditure Release Up to Month March   | Expenditure Release Up to Month March   | Bank Interest   | Other                 | Unspent Amount   |
|-------------------|-------------------|------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------|-----------------------|------------------|
| Year              | (Central Share)   | Allocation |                                           | Total                                   | Central                                 | Expenditure in %age                     | State                                   |                 | deposits / Recoveries | (Central Share)  |
| 2019-20 2436.37   | 11139.21          | 9951.81    | 10074.28                                  |                                         | 5983.49                                 | 48.14                                   | 4090.79                                 | 40.73           | 1.95                  | 6447.37          |
| 6447.36           | 23033.02          | 10917.86   | 20449.96                                  |                                         | 12544.51                                | 72.22                                   | 7905.45                                 | 5.23            | 0 4825.94             | 2020-21          |
| 4825.92           | 92308.77          | 40009.77   |                                           | 43551.85                                | 25325.67                                | 56.49                                   | 18226.18                                | 0.01            | 0 19510.03            | 2021-22          |
| 19510.05          | 100789.77         | 54742.3    |                                           | 90795.87                                | 50663.23                                | 68.23                                   | 40132.64                                | 0               | 0 23589.14            | 2022-23          |
| 23589.16          | 132936.83         | 69885.01   |                                           | 151386.94                               | 82262.1                                 | 88.01                                   | 69124.84                                | 0               | 0 11212.07            | 2023-24          |
| 2024-25 11,180.11 | 69,926.68         | 21,918.94  |                                           | 53,865.56                               | 26,532.30                               | 80.16                                   | 27,333.26                               | 0               | 0                     | 6,566.75         |

## Annex-II referred in the reply to Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 637 for reply on 06.02.2025

## Details of Water Treatment Plant

(As on 03.02.2025)

| S. No.   | State Name                         | Water Treatment Plant (WTP)   |
|----------|------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| 1        | Andaman &Nicobar Islands           | -                             |
| 2        | Andhra Pradesh                     | 277                           |
| 3        | Arunachal Pradesh                  | 3,311                         |
| 4        | Assam                              | 17,582                        |
| 5        | Bihar                              | -                             |
| 6        | Chhattisgarh                       | 68                            |
| 7        | Dadra &Nagar Haveli And Daman& Diu | -                             |
| 8        | Goa                                | 12                            |
| 9        | Gujarat                            | 209                           |
| 10       | Haryana                            | 1,059                         |
| 11       | Himachal Pradesh                   | 660                           |
| 12       | Jammu &Kashmir                     | 1,314                         |
| 13       | Jharkhand                          | 348                           |
| 14       | Karnataka                          | 2,219                         |
| 15       | Kerala                             | 522                           |
| 16       | Ladakh                             | -                             |
| 17       | Lakshadweep                        | 2                             |
| 18       | Madhya Pradesh                     | 416                           |
| 19       | Maharashtra                        | 907                           |
| 20       | Manipur                            | 444                           |
| 21       | Meghalaya                          | 1,456                         |
| 22       | Mizoram                            | 295                           |
| 23       | Nagaland                           | 635                           |
| 24       | Odisha                             | 108                           |
| 25       | Puducherry                         | -                             |
| 26       | Punjab                             | 763                           |
| 27       | Rajasthan                          | 547                           |
| 28       | Sikkim                             | 135                           |
| 29       | Tamil Nadu                         | 252                           |
| 30       | Telangana                          | -                             |
| 31       | Tripura                            | 445                           |
| 32       | Uttar Pradesh                      | 639                           |
| 33       | Uttarakhand                        | 531                           |
| 34       | West Bengal                        | 543                           |
| Total    | Total                              | 35,699                        |

Source: JJM-IMIS