Lok Sabha Question No. 4037 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-08-18
Subject: Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats and Tangible Incomes (MISHTI)
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Smt. Kamlesh Jangde, Shri Dineshbhai Makwana, Shri Bidyut Baran Mahato

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 4037

TO BE ANSWERED ON 18.08.2025

## Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats & Tangible Incomes (MISHTI)

4037.   SHRI BIDYUT BARAN MAHATO: SHRI DINESHBHAI MAKWANA: SMT. KAMLESH JANGDE:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) the current status of mangrove plantation and restoration under the MISHTI Scheme across the country, State/UT-wise;
- (b) the  details  of  the  livelihood  opportunities  generated  for  local  coastal  communities through MISHTI, if any;
- (c) whether the Government is planning to promote eco-tourism and allied activities in the restored mangrove areas under MISHTI; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof, State/UT-wise including Chhattisgarh?

## ANSWER

MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI KIRTI VARDHAN SINGH)

- (a) As a part of Budget Announcement 2023-24, the Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats &  Tangible Incomes (MISHTI) has been  launched on 5th June 2023  to restore and  promote mangroves as unique, natural eco-system and for  preserving and enhancing the sustainability of the coastal habitats. The objective of MISHTI is to  restore  mangrove  forests  by  undertaking  mangrove  reforestation/  afforestation measures  along  the  coast  of  India.  Implementation  of  activities  under  MISHTI commenced in FY 2023-24 through convergence with various schemes, including State/National CAMPA, MGNREGS, and State Plans. So far, an area of 22,560.34 ha has been taken up through convergence across 13 States/UTs for plantation and restoration  of  degraded  mangroves.  The  State/UT-wise  details  are  provided  in Annexure 1.
- (b) The MISHTI programme encompasses both core activities, such as plantation and restoration, and  support activities, which  include livelihood diversification, awareness generation and capacity building, research and development, publicity and  outreach,  monitoring  and  evaluation,  and  the  promotion  of  ecotourism through  Self-Help  Groups  (SHGs).  As  per  the  plans  received  from  the  States under  MISHTI,  the  support  activities  are  being  undertaken  in  the  second  year, after the completion of preparatory work, through convergence with State/National CAMPA,  MGNREGS,  State  Plans, etc. In addition, local

communities have a central role in implementing core activities such as nursery raising,  plantation,  mangrove  monitoring,  seed  collection,  channel  excavation, feeder/field channel construction, and seed dibbling in mangrove plantation and restoration programmes

- (c) & (d) The Central Government has amended the Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam, 1980, and as per the amended provisions, eco-tourism has been made a  forestry  activity  for  promoting  eco-tourism  in  the  country.  Promotion  of mangrove-based eco-tourism is one of the activities under the MISHTI program and  is  being  supported  through  the  National  CAMPA  based  on  plans  received from the  respective  States/UTs.  The  State-wise  details  for  proposed  allocations for  eco-tourism  as  per  the  plans  received  from  States/UTs  are  provided  in Annexure 2. The MISHTI scheme is specifically for the degraded mangrove areas along the coasts of India; hence the State of Chhattisgarh is not covered under the programme.

*****

Annexure 1 Annexure referred to in reply to part (a)  of the  Lok Sabha Un-Starred Question No. 4037  due  for  reply  on  18.08.2025  by  Shri  Bidyut  Baran  Mahato,  Shri  Dineshbhai Makwana,  Smt.  Kamlesh  Jangde, regarding 'Mangrove  Initiative for Shoreline Habitats & Tangible Incomes (MISHTI)'

Table:  The  State/UT  wise  mangrove  plantation  and  restoration  through  convergence since the inception of the MISHTI

(Area in Ha)

| S. No.   | States/UTs                                     |   2023-24 | 2024-25   | Total       |
|----------|------------------------------------------------|-----------|-----------|-------------|
| 1        | 138.77                                         |    53.2   | 191.97    | Maharashtra |
| 2        | Andhra Pradesh 137.26                          |   700.5   |           | 837.76      |
| 3        | Puducherry                                     |     0     | 6.00      | 6.00        |
| 4        | Lakshadweep 0.003                              |     0.003 |           | 0.006       |
| 5        | Goa 35.80                                      |     6     | 41.80     |             |
| 6        | West Bengal 10.00                              |     0     |           | 10.00       |
| 7        | Andaman &Nicobar Islands 14.50                 |     2.5   |           | 17.00       |
| 8        | Karnataka 135.00                               |   220     | 355.00    |             |
| 9        | Gujarat 6930.00                                | 12290     | 19220.00  |             |
| 10       | Odisha 402.00                                  |   359     | 761.00    |             |
| 11       | Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu 40.92 |    10     | 50.92     |             |
| 12       | Kerala 8.88                                    |     0     |           | 8.88        |
| 13       | Tamil Nadu 570.00                              |   490     |           | 1060.00     |
| Total    | Total                                          |  8423.13  | 14137.2   | 22560.34    |

Annexure 2 Annexure referred to in reply to part (c)&(d) of the Lok Sabha Un-Starred Question No. 4037 due for reply on 18.08.2025 by Shri Bidyut Baran Mahato, Shri Dineshbhai Makwana,  and  Smt.  Kamlesh  Jangde  regarding  'Mangrove  Initiative  for  Shoreline Habitats & Tangible Incomes (MISHTI)'

Table: The details of funds allocated for Eco-tourism activities in the plans submitted by the States/UTs for funding from National CAMPA

(Rs. In Crores)

| S. No.   | State/UT       |   Total funds allocated for Ecotourism |
|----------|----------------|----------------------------------------|
| 1        | Gujarat        |                                  7     |
| 2        | West Bengal    |                                  4.83  |
| 3        | Kerala         |                                  0     |
| 4        | Puducherry     |                                  1     |
| 5        | Andhra Pradesh |                                  0     |
| 6        | Odisha         |                                  0.044 |
|          | Total          |                                 12.874 |