Lok Sabha Question No. 2662 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-08-05
Subject: Atrocities against Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
Ministry: SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT
Asked by: Shri Sasikanth Senthil

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## GOYERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT

## LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED  QUESTTON  NO.2662 TO BE AI\SWERED  ON 05.08.2025

## ATROCITIES AGAINST SCHEDULED CASTES AI\D SCHEDULED TRIBES

## 2662. SHRI SASIKAIITH SENTHIL:

## Will the Minister  of SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT  be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has taken note of a rise in the number  of cases registered under the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention  of Atrocities) Act in recent years, if so, the details thereof;
- (b) whether the Government has reviewed the conviction,rates under the said Act and if so, the details thereof, during the last three years,  StateAJT-wise;
- (c) whether any targeted measures have been undertaken to strengthen the enforcement  of SC/ST (Prevention  of Atrocities) Act and the Protection  of Civil Rights  Act, particularly  in States  with a high incidence of such crimes;
- (d)  if  so, the details thereof, including capacity building, special courts or monitoring mechanisms  introduced; and
- (e) whether the Government has issued any directions or advisory guidelines to StatesAJTs  to ensure  timely  investigation,  prosecution and victim support in such cases and if so, the details thereof?

## Ai\SWER

## MINISTER  OF STATE FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT

(SHRI RAMDAS ATHAWALE)

- (a)  & (b): National Crimes Record Bureau (NCRB) compiles and publishes statistical data on crimes in its publication 'Crime in India'. The published reports are available till the yeu 2022. As per the NCRB data, the details of number of cases registered along with conviction rate across the country under crime/atrocities against  the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes during  the year 2020 to 2022 are at Annexure-l  and Annexure-2.
- (c) to (e): Two central Acts have been enacted  namely, The Protection of Civil Rights  {PCR} Act, 1955, which prescribes punishment for enforcement  of any disability  arising from practice of 'untouchability'  and The Scheduled  Castes and the Scheduled Tribes  (Prevention of Atrocities)  {PoA}  Act, 1989 to prevent the commission of offences of atrocities against members  of Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled  Tribes(STs).

For the effective  implementation of these Acts, the Department  of Social Justice & Empowerment is running a Centrally  Sponsored  Scheme, under which Central Assistance  is provided  to the State Governments  and Union Territory Administrations  mainly for the followings:

- i. Functioning and strengthening  of the Scheduled  Castes and Scheduled  Tribes  Protection Cell and Special Police Stations.
- ii. Setting up and functioning  of Exclusive Special Courts.
- iv. Incentive  for Inter-Caste Marriages, where  one of the spouses is a member of a Scheduled  Castes.
4. aii. Relief and Rehabilitation  of atrocity victims.
- v. Awareness generation.

Further,  a National Helpline against Atrocities (NHAA), having toll free number  14566, to facilitate  the members  of Scheduled  Castes  and the Scheduled  Tribes with the objective  of their grievance redressal  and to generate  awareness about the provisions and processes under  the Law.

Bureau of Police Research  & Development  (BPR&D) conducts training,  courses and webinars from time to time for police personnel sensitizing  them for effective  implementation  of Scheduled  Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention  of Atrocities) (POA)  Act, 1989. In addition, Government  of India has issued advisories  from time to time to implement the provisions of the PoA Act and Rules in letter and spirit.

The National Commission  for Scheduled Castes  (NCSC)  and National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) provide safeguards against the exploitation of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to promote  and protect  their social, educational, economic and cultural interests,  respectively.

As per the information received  from the StatesAJTs  2l I Exclusive special courts have been established  for the purpose of providing  speedy trial.

At the Central Government level, a Committee under the Chairpersonship  of the Union Minister  for Social Justice and Empowerment,  with the Union Minister for Tribal Affairs as Cochairperson, and comprising members from the Ministry  of Home Affairs, Ministry  of Law and Justice, Department  of Justice, National Commission for Scheduled  Castes, National Commission for Scheduled  Tribes, and three non-offrcial members  (two from among the SCs and one from the STs), also reviews  the implementation status of the PCR and PoA Act in States and Union Territories.  The Commiuee has so far held twenty-eight  meetings,  the last meeting was held on23.05.2025.

In addition to above Central Level Committee,  State Level Vigilance  and Monitoring Committee, District and Sub-Division Level Vigilance and Monitoring Committees have also been set up to monitor the implementation of the Act.

| Statg/UT   | wise cases registered State/UT   | Conviction Rate (CVR) under the SC/ST @revention Year 2020   | Conviction Rate (CVR) under the SC/ST @revention Year 2020   | Atrocities) Act for Scheduled Castes from Year202l   | Atrocities) Act for Scheduled Castes from Year202l   | to2022 Year2022   | to2022 Year2022   |
|------------|----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|-------------------|
| SL         | wise cases registered State/UT   | Cases resistered                                             | Conviction tateVo                                            | Cases reqistered                                     | Conviction rute o/o                                  | Cases reqistered  | Conviction        |
| I          | A,ndhra Pradesh                  | r948                                                         | 10.0                                                         | 2010                                                 | 5.3                                                  | 2315              | 4.0               |
| )          | Arunachal Pradesh                | 0                                                            |                                                              | 0                                                    |                                                      | 0                 |                   |
| 3.         | A.ssam                           | 28                                                           | 0.0                                                          | l3                                                   |                                                      | t4                |                   |
| 4.         | Bihar                            | 7368                                                         | 21.8                                                         | 5842                                                 | 31.2                                                 | 6509              | 43.1              |
| 5.         | lhhattisgarh                     | 316                                                          | 47.9                                                         | 330                                                  | 18.5                                                 | 323               | 77.4              |
| 6.         | ioa '                            | 2                                                            |                                                              | 4                                                    | . 0.0                                                | 8                 | 0.0               |
| 7.         | Sujarat                          | 1326                                                         | 4.4                                                          | l20l                                                 | 5.8                                                  | 1279              | 4.4               |
| 8.         | FIaryana                         | tzt0                                                         | 12.5                                                         | 1628                                                 | 25.1                                                 | 1633              | 19.3              |
| 9.         | Flimachal Pradesh                | 24?                                                          | 4.0                                                          | 243                                                  | 5.9                                                  | 209               | 8.5               |
| 10.        | lharkhand                        | 666                                                          | 29.8                                                         | 546                                                  | 53.8                                                 | 674               | 19.6              |
| 1l         | Karnataka                        | 1394                                                         | 4.7                                                          | 1673                                                 | 1.6                                                  | 1972              | 1.4               |
| t2.        | Kerala                           | 846                                                          | 4.4                                                          | 948                                                  | 9.7                                                  | 1050              | 9.2               |
| 13.        | Madhya Pradesh                   | 6899                                                         | 40.1                                                         | 7213                                                 | 28.0                                                 | 7733              | 22.9              |
| T4,        | Maharashtra                      | 2569                                                         | I 1.8                                                        | 2503                                                 | 10.7                                                 | 2741              | 8.9               |
| 15.        | Maniour                          | 0                                                            |                                                              | 0                                                    |                                                      | 0                 |                   |
| 16.        | Meghalaya                        | 0                                                            |                                                              | 0                                                    |                                                      | 0                 |                   |
| 17.        | Mizoram                          | 0                                                            |                                                              | 0                                                    |                                                      | 5                 |                   |
| 18.        | ){agaland                        | 0                                                            |                                                              | 0                                                    |                                                      | 0                 |                   |
| 19.        | )disha                           | 2046                                                         | 3.7                                                          | 232?                                                 | 0.7                                                  | 2902              | l6.l              |
| 20         | Puniab                           | 165                                                          | 16.7                                                         | 200                                                  | 25.0                                                 | 162               | 27.5              |
| 2t.        | Iaiasthan                        | 70t7                                                         | 48.7                                                         | 7524                                                 | 41.6                                                 | 87s2              | 39.5              |
| )')        | likkim                           | 0                                                            | 0.0                                                          | 2                                                    | 0.0                                                  | J                 | 50.0              |
| 23.        | Iamil Nadu                       | 1273                                                         | 25.2                                                         | 1376                                                 | 18.4                                                 | t76t              | 2t.t              |
| 24.        | lelangana                        | 1959                                                         | 3.8                                                          | 1770                                                 | 8.2                                                  | 1787              | 4.9               |
| 25.        | frioura                          | )                                                            |                                                              | 3                                                    |                                                      | 2                 |                   |
| 26.        | Jttar Pradesh                    | 12714                                                        | 70.7                                                         | 13146                                                | 't6.3                                                | 15368             | 80.2              |
| 27.        | Jttarakhand                      | 87                                                           |                                                              | t23                                                  | 0.0                                                  | n4                | 0.0               |
| 28.        | West Bengal                      | 109                                                          | 0.0                                                          | 108                                                  | 0.0                                                  | 104               | 0.0               |
|            | Iotal State(s)                   | 50191                                                        | 42.5                                                         | 50733                                                | 36.0                                                 | 57420             | 34.1              |
| 29.        | A&N Islands                      | 0                                                            |                                                              | 0                                                    |                                                      | 0                 |                   |
| 30.        | 0handigarh                       | 3                                                            | 100.0                                                        | 0                                                    |                                                      | 4                 | 0.0               |
| 3l         | D&N Haveli and Daman & Diu       | I                                                            |                                                              | 0                                                    |                                                      | 0                 | 0.0               |
| 32.        | Delhi                            | 69                                                           | 0.0                                                          | 136                                                  | 0.0                                                  | 130               | 0.0               |
| JJ.        | ammu & Kashmir                   | 4                                                            |                                                              | 3                                                    |                                                      | 6                 |                   |
| 34.        | Ladaklt                          | 0.0                                                          |                                                              | 0.0                                                  |                                                      | 0.0               |                   |
| 35.        | Lakshadweep                      | 0                                                            |                                                              | 0                                                    |                                                      | 0                 |                   |
| 36.        | Puducherry                       | 0                                                            |                                                              | 7                                                    |                                                      | 9                 |                   |
|            | TOTALUT(S)                       | 77                                                           | 25.0                                                         | 146                                                  | 0.0                                                  | 149               | 0.0               |
| TOTAL (ALL | INDIA)                           | s0268                                                        | 42.5                                                         | 50879                                                | 36.0                                                 | 57569             | 34.1              |

=

•

| State/UT wise Cases registered and Conviction Rate (CVR) under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act (With & Without IPC)   | State/UT wise Cases registered and Conviction Rate (CVR) under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act (With & Without IPC)   | State/UT wise Cases registered and Conviction Rate (CVR) under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act (With & Without IPC)   | State/UT wise Cases registered and Conviction Rate (CVR) under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act (With & Without IPC)   | State/UT wise Cases registered and Conviction Rate (CVR) under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act (With & Without IPC)   | State/UT wise Cases registered and Conviction Rate (CVR) under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act (With & Without IPC)   | State/UT wise Cases registered and Conviction Rate (CVR) under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act (With & Without IPC)   |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|                                                                                                                                |                                                                                                                                | for Scheduled Tribes Year 2020                                                                                                 | for Scheduled Tribes Year 2020                                                                                                 | from 2020 to2022 Year 2021                                                                                                     | from 2020 to2022 Year 2021                                                                                                     | Year2022                                                                                                                       |
| sr                                                                                                                             | State/UT                                                                                                                       | Cases reeistered                                                                                                               | Conviction rateYo                                                                                                              | Cases resistered                                                                                                               | Conviction rateYo Cases resistered                                                                                             | Conviction rate%o                                                                                                              |
| 1                                                                                                                              | Andhra Pradesh                                                                                                                 | 320                                                                                                                            | 0.9                                                                                                                            | 361                                                                                                                            | 5.6 396                                                                                                                        | 1.4                                                                                                                            |
|                                                                                                                                | Arunachal'Pradesh                                                                                                              | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | I                                                                                                                              | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                |
| !.                                                                                                                             | Assam                                                                                                                          | 10                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                                | t6                                                                                                                             | 9                                                                                                                              | 100.0                                                                                                                          |
|                                                                                                                                | Bihar                                                                                                                          | 94                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                                | 103                                                                                                                            | 36.4 146                                                                                                                       | 4.2                                                                                                                            |
| ).                                                                                                                             | Chhattissarh                                                                                                                   | 502                                                                                                                            | 48.0                                                                                                                           | s06                                                                                                                            | 24.3 516                                                                                                                       | 76.6                                                                                                                           |
| ,.                                                                                                                             | 3oa                                                                                                                            | )                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 5                                                                                                                              | 0.0 I                                                                                                                          | 100.0                                                                                                                          |
|                                                                                                                                | 3uiarat                                                                                                                        | 291                                                                                                                            | 14.3                                                                                                                           | 34r                                                                                                                            | 0.0 330                                                                                                                        | 8.0                                                                                                                            |
| B.                                                                                                                             | Flaryana                                                                                                                       | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                                              | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                |
| ).                                                                                                                             | Flimachal Pradesh                                                                                                              | J                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 7                                                                                                                              | 4                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                |
| 10.                                                                                                                            | Iharkhand                                                                                                                      | 347                                                                                                                            | 40.0                                                                                                                           | 250 63.0                                                                                                                       | 283                                                                                                                            | 30.9                                                                                                                           |
| ll                                                                                                                             | Karnataka                                                                                                                      | 291                                                                                                                            | 1.3                                                                                                                            | 358                                                                                                                            | 438                                                                                                                            | 0.8                                                                                                                            |
| 12.                                                                                                                            | Kerala                                                                                                                         | 130                                                                                                                            | 21.9                                                                                                                           | 0.0 133 29.0                                                                                                                   | 172                                                                                                                            | 10.2                                                                                                                           |
| 13.                                                                                                                            | Madhya Pradesh                                                                                                                 | 2401                                                                                                                           | 3s.9                                                                                                                           | 2627                                                                                                                           | 34.3 2979                                                                                                                      | 35.9                                                                                                                           |
| 14.                                                                                                                            | Maharashra                                                                                                                     | 663                                                                                                                            | 12.5                                                                                                                           | 628 I1.8                                                                                                                       | 742                                                                                                                            | t2.t                                                                                                                           |
| 15.                                                                                                                            | Manipur                                                                                                                        | 2                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                                              | I                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                |
| 16.                                                                                                                            | Meghalaya                                                                                                                      | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                                              | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                |
| 17.                                                                                                                            | Mizoram                                                                                                                        | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 0 100.0                                                                                                                        | 29                                                                                                                             | 66.7                                                                                                                           |
| 18.                                                                                                                            | {aealand '                                                                                                                     | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                                              | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                |
| 19.                                                                                                                            | Odisha                                                                                                                         | 624                                                                                                                            | 0.0                                                                                                                            | 676 0.0                                                                                                                        | 773                                                                                                                            | 19.6                                                                                                                           |
| z0                                                                                                                             | Puniab                                                                                                                         | 4                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 0 0.0                                                                                                                          | 0                                                                                                                              | 0.0                                                                                                                            |
| zt.                                                                                                                            | laiasthan                                                                                                                      | 1878                                                                                                                           | 43.2                                                                                                                           | 2t2t 4s.t                                                                                                                      | 2521                                                                                                                           | 46.0                                                                                                                           |
| z2                                                                                                                             | likkim                                                                                                                         | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | I 0.0                                                                                                                          | 4                                                                                                                              | 0.0                                                                                                                            |
| 23.                                                                                                                            | Iamil Nadu                                                                                                                     | 23                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                                | 39                                                                                                                             | 67                                                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                                                            |
| t4.                                                                                                                            | felangana                                                                                                                      | 573                                                                                                                            | 2.5                                                                                                                            | 512 5.2                                                                                                                        | 545                                                                                                                            | 6.5                                                                                                                            |
| 15.                                                                                                                            | lripura                                                                                                                        | 2                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                                              | 3                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                |
| 2,6.                                                                                                                           | Uttar Pradesh                                                                                                                  | 3                                                                                                                              | 100.0                                                                                                                          | 4                                                                                                                              | 5                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                |
| t7.                                                                                                                            | Uttarakhand                                                                                                                    | 13                                                                                                                             | 100.0                                                                                                                          | 6                                                                                                                              | I                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                |
| 28.                                                                                                                            | West Bengal                                                                                                                    | 90                                                                                                                             | 0.0                                                                                                                            | 92                                                                                                                             | 90                                                                                                                             | 2.9                                                                                                                            |
|                                                                                                                                | total State(s)                                                                                                                 | 8266                                                                                                                           | 28.s                                                                                                                           | 0.0 28.2                                                                                                                       | 10055                                                                                                                          | 28.1                                                                                                                           |
| 29.                                                                                                                            | A&N Islands                                                                                                                    | 2                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 8787 3                                                                                                                         | 0.0 3                                                                                                                          |                                                                                                                                |
| 10.                                                                                                                            | Chandisarh                                                                                                                     | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                                              | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                |
| !l                                                                                                                             | D&N Haveli and Daman & Diu                                                                                                     | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 3                                                                                                                              | 5                                                                                                                              | 0.0                                                                                                                            |
| 12.                                                                                                                            | Delhi                                                                                                                          | I                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 5                                                                                                                              | 0 I                                                                                                                            |                                                                                                                                |
| ]3.                                                                                                                            | Iammu & Kashmir                                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | I                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                |                                                                                                                                |
| 14.                                                                                                                            | Ladakh                                                                                                                         | 0.0                                                                                                                            |                                                                                                                                | 0.0                                                                                                                            | 0.0                                                                                                                            |                                                                                                                                |
| ]5.                                                                                                                            | Lakshadweep                                                                                                                    | I                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                                              | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                |
|                                                                                                                                |                                                                                                                                |                                                                                                                                |                                                                                                                                |                                                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                |
| ]6.                                                                                                                            | Puducherry                                                                                                                     | 0                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                                                | 0                                                                                                                              | 0.0                                                                                                                            | 0.0                                                                                                                            |
| roTAL INDIA)                                                                                                                   | TOTAL UT(S) (ALL                                                                                                               | 4 8270                                                                                                                         | 28.5                                                                                                                           | t2 8799                                                                                                                        | 9 28.1 10064                                                                                                                   | 28.1                                                                                                                           |

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