Lok Sabha Question No. 2455 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-08-04
Subject: Climate Mitigation Technologies
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Shri Bastipati Nagaraju

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2455

TO BE ANSWERED ON 04.08.2025

## Climate Mitigation Technologies

## 2455.   SHRI BASTIPATI NAGARAJU:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has taken steps for the mitigation of climate change through the development and adoption of technology;
- (b) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor;
- (c) the details regarding the initiatives undertaken to develop and deploy climate mitigation technologies in key sectors such as agriculture, fisheries etc;
- (d) whether the Government has made effort to raise awareness and promote the use of these  technologies  among  farmers,  fishermen  and  vulnerable  communities  who  are directly affected by climate change, if so, details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor; and
- (e) whether the Government has established partnerships with research institutions, startups  or  Deep  Tech  enterprises  to  accelerate  innovation  in  climate  resilience  and mitigation, if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI KIRTI VARDHAN SINGH)

(a) to (e):  To meet its climate goals, the Government of India has put in place an ecosystem to develop and adopt climate technologies, including those required for deployment of renewable energy,  improving  energy efficiency, electric mobility, climate resilient infrastructure, sustainable transport, and building climate resilience.

The National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), an overarching framework for all climate actions, calls for deploying appropriate technologies for both climate adaptation and mitigation at an accelerated pace. It also calls for engineering new and innovative forms of market,  regulatory  and  voluntary  mechanisms  to  promote  sustainable  development.    The schemes like Production Linked Incentive (PLI) are for promoting local manufacturing of clean technologies,  while  carbon  market  instruments  such  as  Perform Achieve  and  Trade  (PAT) Scheme, Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) and green bonds help draw in private capital.

Thirty-four States have also developed their own climate action plans in line with the NAPCC. The state-level  initiatives  contribute  to  national  level  efforts  towards  building  a  supportive environment for development of clean technologies and industrial systems.

India takes holistic approach and not sector specific mitigation action, including in agriculture and fisheries sectors under the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) submitted to the UNFCCC. The goal is to reduce overall emission intensity and improve the energy efficiency of the economy over time and at the same time protecting the vulnerable sectors of the economy and  segments  of  our  society.  Climate  change  is  a  cross-sectoral  issue  spanning  various Ministries/Departments  concerning  sectors  like  agriculture,  water  resources,  human  health, power, renewable energy, transport, urban, etc. These Ministries and Departments also establish need-based partnerships.

The Department of Fisheries, Government of India has established partnerships with research institutions and supported startups to accelerate innovation and technology infusion in fisheries and  aquaculture,  which  includes  aspects  of  climate  resilience  in  the  fisheries  sectors.  In addition, the department is actively supporting fisheries startups and entrepreneurs under the Pradhan  Mantri  Matsya  Sampda  Yojana  (PMMSY),  providing  seed  funding,  incubation support,  and  facilitating  innovation  in  sustainable  aquaculture, climate-smart  practices,  and digital technology applications. These efforts are aimed at driving innovation, sustainability, and economic efficiency in the fisheries value chain while enhancing climate resilience.

The  Indian  Council  of  Agricultural  Research  (ICAR)  flagship  network  project,  National Innovations in Climate  Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)  is  promoting  climate  resilient technologies to the farmers with partner institutes from all parts of the country including ICAR research institutes, State Agricultural Universities (SAUs), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), NGOs  and  Krishi  Vigyan  Kendras  (KVKs)  to  develop  and  promote  climate-resilient technologies in agriculture. NICRA experiences are also shared in international fora such as G20, SAARC, BIMSTEC, UN Climate Change Conferences, etc.

The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center  (CIMMYT)  and  Commonwealth  Scientific  and  Industrial  Research  Organisation (CSIRO) through their project 'Cereal System Initiative for South Asia' (CSISA), a regional program of  Excellence  in  Agronomy  (EiA)  in  collaboration  with  ICAR-  Central  Research Institute for  Dryland Agriculture (CRIDA) aimed to develop a regional strategy on climate change adaptation and sustainable intensification through agronomy. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) and Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA) is working with national agriculture research systems in South Asia to develop the Atlas of Climate Adaptation in South Asian  Agriculture  (ACASA) aiming to provide granular-scale information for  South Asian countries at the village scale by integrating various spatial and temporal risks that are likely to impact agriculture.

ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute (CAFRI), Jhansi, has been designated as the technical  agency  for  the  Agroforestry  Component  under  Rashtriya  Krishi  Vikas  Yojana (RKVY). The CAFRI provides technical  guidance  on  suitable  Agroforestry  models  across various agro-climatic zones and supports capacity building and implementation planning. In addition,  institutions  such  as  Indian  Council  of  Forestry  Research and  Education  (ICFRE), SAUs,  and  Forest  Development  Corporations  are  engaged  for  model  development  and technical consultations.

Further,  the  Department  for  Promotion  of  Industry  and  Internal  Trade  (DPIIT)  signed  a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Global Energy Alliance for People and Planet (GEAPP) to accelerate innovation, sustainability, and entrepreneurship in India's clean energy and manufacturing sectors. Startup India is a flagship initiative of the Government of India to build a strong ecosystem for nurturing innovation and startups in the country which will drive economic growth and generate large scale employment opportunities.

The Department of Science and Technology is implementing National Mission on Strategic Knowledge  for  Climate  Change  (NMSKCC),  one  of  the  missions  under  NAPCC,  which focuses on building human and institutional Science and Technology capacities.