Lok Sabha Question No. 3075 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-12-18
Subject: Outstanding Debt and Payables of DISCOMs
Ministry: POWER
Asked by: Adv. Adoor Prakash, Dr. Kirsan Namdeo

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF POWER

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.3075 ANSWERED ON 18.12.2025

## OUTSTANDING DEBT AND PAYABLES OF DISCOMs

3075. ADV. ADOOR PRAKASH: DR. KIRSAN NAMDEO:

Will the Minister of POWER be pleased to state:

- (a)  the  details  of  the  total  outstanding  debt  and  payables  of  Distribution  Companies (DISCOMs) as of 30.10.25;
- (b)  the  details  of  the  Ujwal  DISCOM  Assurance  Yojana  (UDAY)  goals  along  with  the status of viability, DISCOM-wise;
- (c) the number of DISCOMs met UDAY targets for loss reduction; and
- (d) the measures being taken by the Government to reduce DISCOMs losses and gaps between revenues and costs?

A N S W E R

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF POWER

(SHRI SHRIPAD NAIK)

- (a): State-wise details of outstanding debt and payables for power purchase as on 31.03.2025 are enclosed at Annexure I and II respectively. Payables for power purchase at  national  level  have  reduced  from  132  days  level  (FY  24)  to  120  days  level  (FY 25(Provisional)).  Further,  Legacy  Dues  of  Generating  companies  (IPPs,  CPSEs  and Renewable Energy Developers), Traders and Transcos have reduced from Rs.44,701 Cr in March 2024 to Rs.18,857 Cr in March 2025.
- (b) & (c): UDAY was launched with an overall objective of operational and financial turnaround  of  State  owned  DISCOMs  through  efficiency  improvements  and  financial restructuring.  Recognising  that  the  liabilities  of  the  State  owned  DISCOMs  are  the contingent liabilities of the States themselves, UDAY envisaged States taking over 75% of the debt of the DISCOMs as on 30.09.2015. As a result of participation of States and DISCOMs under UDAY and other efficiency measures, AT&C losses reduced from 23.70% in  FY16  to  20.78%  in  FY20.  DISCOM-wise  target  and  achievement  of  AT&C  Loss  is enclosed at Annexure III.
- (d): Government  of  India  has  been  supporting  the  State  distribution  utilities  to improve their performance through various initiatives. Some of the key initiatives taken for improving the viability of the distribution utilities, are as under:
- Revamped  Distribution  Sector  Scheme  (RDSS)  launched  with  the  objective  of improving  the  quality  and  reliability  of  power  through  a  financially  sustainable  and operationally  efficient  distribution  sector.  The  release  of  funds  under  the  scheme  is linked  to  States/  distribution  utilities  taking  necessary  measures  to  improve  their performance.

· Performance linked additional borrowing space of 0.5% of GSDP allowed to State Governments.

· Additional Prudential Norms mandated for sanctioning of loans to State owned power utilities.

· Rules have been put in place for implementation of Fuel and Power Purchase Costs Adjustment (FPPCA) and cost reflective tariff so as to ensure that all prudent expenses for supply of electricity are passed through.

· Rules and Standard Operating Procedure issued for proper subsidy accounting and release.

The  States/  distribution  utilities  are  implementing  the  reforms  and  with  the concerted efforts of Central and State Governments/ distribution utilities, AT&C losses at national level have reduced from 21.9% in FY21 to 16.16% in FY25 and ACS-ARR gap has reduced from Rs 0.69/kWh in FY21 to Rs. 0.11/kWh in FY25.

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ANNEXURE-I

## ANNEXURE REFERRED IN REPLY TO PART (a) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3075 ANSWERED IN THE LOK SABHA ON 18.12.2025

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## State wise Outstanding Debt (Rs Cr)

| States/ UTs      | FY2024-25   |
|------------------|-------------|
| Andhra Pradesh   | 77,600      |
| Assam            | 1,131       |
| Bihar            | 14,002      |
| Chhattisgarh     | 5,428       |
| Gujarat          | 258         |
| Haryana          | 20,311      |
| Himachal Pradesh | 7,024       |
| Jharkhand        | 22,381      |
| Karnataka        | 47,993      |
| Kerala           | 17,638      |
| Madhya Pradesh   | 49,239      |
| Maharashtra      | 90,659      |
| Manipur          | 745         |
| Meghalaya        | 1,474       |
| Punjab           | 17,411      |
| Rajasthan        | 98,488      |
| Tamil Nadu       | 1,88,411*   |
| Telangana        | 59,230      |
| Tripura          | 0           |
| Uttar Pradesh    | 61,395      |
| Uttarakhand      | 1,729       |
| West Bengal      | 15,279      |
| Private Sector   | 7,595       |
| Total            | 8,05,422    |

*: data also includes last year figures for TANGEDCo (Tamil Nadu) which was recently unbundled into 3 companies one of which is TNPDCL (distribution company of Tamil Nadu).  Considering,  Outstanding  Debt  of  only  TNPDCL  i.e.  Rs  1,01,782  Cr,  total Outstanding Debt at National level would be: Rs 7,18,793 Cr.

- ************

## ANNEXURE REFERRED IN REPLY TO PART (a) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3075 ANSWERED IN THE LOK SABHA ON 18.12.2025

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## State-wise Payables for Power Purchase

| States/Uts       | Payables (Days)      | Payables (Days)      |
|------------------|----------------------|----------------------|
|                  | As on March 31, 2024 | As on March 31, 2025 |
| Andhra Pradesh   | 105                  | 105                  |
| Assam            | 41                   | 62                   |
| Bihar            | 109                  | 97                   |
| Chattisgarh      | 108                  | 82                   |
| Delhi            | 277                  | 389                  |
| Gujarat          | 3                    | 4                    |
| Haryana          | 38                   | 46                   |
| Himachal Pradesh | 71                   | 80                   |
| Jharkhand        | 420                  | 384                  |
| Karnataka        | 177                  | 152                  |
| Kerala           | 95                   | 69                   |
| Madhya Pradesh   | 211                  | 208                  |
| Maharashtra      | 104                  | 111                  |
| Manipur          | 76                   | 74                   |
| Meghalaya        | 212                  | 193                  |
| Odisha           | 54                   | -                    |
| Punjab           | 40                   | 45                   |
| Rajasthan        | 63                   | 51                   |
| Tamil Nadu       | 184                  | 78                   |
| Telangana        | 310                  | 295                  |
| Tripura          | 94                   | -                    |
| Uttar Pradesh    | 153                  | 156                  |
| Uttarakhand      | 39                   | 61                   |
| West Bengal      | 159                  | 172                  |
| All India        | 132                  | 120                  |

*****************

## ANNEXURE-III

## ANNEXURE REFERRED IN REPLY TO PARTS (b) & (c) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3075 ANSWERED IN THE LOK SABHA ON 18.12.2025

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## DISCOM wise AT&C loss target and achievement

| Sl. No.   | DISCOM               | AT&C Loss Targets under UDAY as per MoUs   | AT&C Loss Targets under UDAY as per MoUs   | AT&C Loss Targets under UDAY as per MoUs   | AT&C Loss Targets under UDAY as per MoUs   | AT&C Loss Targets under UDAY as per MoUs   | Achievement   | Achievement   | Achievement   | Achievement   | Achievement   |
|-----------|----------------------|--------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|---------------|---------------|---------------|---------------|---------------|
| Sl. No.   | DISCOM               | 15-16                                      | 16-17                                      | 17-18                                      | 18-19                                      | 19-20                                      | 15-16         | 16-17         | 17-18         | 18-19         | 19-20         |
| 1         | Andaman & Nicobar PD | 18.61                                      | 18.42                                      | 16.84                                      | 15.50                                      | 15                                         | -             | -             | 30.28         | 23.43         | 23.34         |
| 2         | APEPDCL              | -                                          | 5.46                                       | 5.45                                       | 5.44                                       | -                                          | 7.10          | 7.48          | 10.88         | 18.30         | 6.64          |
| 3         | APSPDCL              | -                                          | 11.29                                      | 11.09                                      | 10.89                                      | -                                          | 12.03         | 17.02         | 16.04         | 29.76         | 13.17         |
| 4         | Arunachal PD         | 57.74                                      | 52.41                                      | 43                                         | 39                                         | 25                                         | 54.58         | 53.64         | 51.08         | 52.53         | 40.49         |
| 5         | APDCL                | 22.49                                      | 19                                         | 17.75                                      | 16.1                                       | 15                                         | 26.02         | 20.11         | 17.64         | 20.19         | 23.39         |
| 6         | NBPDCL               | 40                                         | 34                                         | 28                                         | 20                                         | 15                                         | 35.73         | 37.85         | 30.46         | 26.97         | 28.94         |
| 7         | SBPDCL               | 44                                         | 38                                         | 30                                         | 22                                         | 15                                         | 47.87         | 46.81         | 35.53         | 37.81         | 48.29         |
| 8         | CSPDCL               | 21                                         | 18.93                                      | 18                                         | 15                                         | -                                          | 22.10         | 23.87         | 20.74         | 24.96         | 18.46         |
| 9         | DNHPDCL              | -                                          | 7.97                                       | 7.5                                        | 7                                          | -                                          | -             | -             | 6.55          | 5.45          | 3.56          |
| 10        | Daman & Diu PD       | -                                          | 10.33                                      | 9.32                                       | 8.3                                        | -                                          | -             | -             | 17.11         | 6.19          | 4.07          |
| 11        | Goa PD               | 21.06                                      | 18.75                                      | 16.59                                      | 15                                         | -                                          | 19.77         | 24.33         | 10.48         | 17.61         | 11.41         |
| 12        | DGVCL                | 9.29                                       | 9.24                                       | 9.19                                       | 9.15                                       | -                                          | 10.48         | 10.20         | 6.60          | 5.90          | 6.22          |
| 13        | MGVCL                | 16                                         | 15.5                                       | 15                                         | 14.5                                       | -                                          | 11.81         | 11.24         | 11.73         | 10.38         | 11.30         |
| 14        | PGVCL                | 22                                         | 19.66                                      | 17.33                                      | 15                                         | -                                          | 24.71         | 21.71         | 19.64         | 21.21         | 18.80         |
| 15        | UGVCL                | 9.82                                       | 9.77                                       | 9.72                                       | 9.67                                       | -                                          | 11.53         | 9.17          | 9.32          | 12.01         | 6.88          |
| 16        | DHBVNL               | 26.44                                      | 23.10                                      | 19.16                                      | 15.34                                      | -                                          | 26.44         | 23.10         | 19.16         | 15.34         | 16.37         |
| 17        | UHBVNL               | 31.61                                      | 25.94                                      | 21.64                                      | 15.01                                      | -                                          | 32.84         | 30.68         | 25.38         | 22.04         | 20.83         |
| 18        | HPSEBL               | 13.85                                      | 13.5                                       | 13                                         | 12.75                                      | -                                          | 9.68          | 11.48         | 11.08         | 12.46         | 13.33         |
| 19        | JKPDD                | 56                                         | 46                                         | 35                                         | 25                                         | 15                                         | 58.75         | 59.96         | 53.67         | 49.94         | 60.46         |
| 20        | JBVNL                | 35                                         | 28                                         | 22                                         | 15                                         | -                                          | 33.34         | 40.83         | 44.72         | 28.33         | 37.13         |
| 21        | BESCOM               | 16.76                                      | 12.94                                      | 14.61                                      | 14.36                                      | 14.08                                      | 13.88         | 14.91         | 13.17         | 15.79         | 17.91         |
| 22        | CHESCOM              | 16.2                                       | 15.16                                      | 14.74                                      | 14.5                                       | -                                          | 13.60         | 19.31         | 13.20         | 19.91         | 21.65         |
| 23        | GESCOM               | 20.65                                      | 17.75                                      | 16.67                                      | 15                                         | -                                          | 18.00         | 17.86         | 16.39         | 27.38         | 17.87         |
| 24        | HESCOM               | 18.1                                       | 17.68                                      | 17.02                                      | 15                                         | -                                          | 27.63         | 18.35         | 22.84         | 24.88         | 15.31         |
| 25        | MESCOM               | 12.99                                      | 12.55                                      | 11.79                                      | 11.7                                       | -                                          | 12.71         | 19.47         | 14.23         | 18.12         | 15.33         |

……..2.

|   26 | KSEBL          | 11.57   |   11.45 |   11.23 |    11 | -     | 12.40   |   13.42 | 12.81   |   9.10 |   13.12 |
|------|----------------|---------|---------|---------|-------|-------|---------|---------|---------|--------|---------|
|   27 | Lakshadweep ED | -       |   13.9  |   10.32 | 10    | -     | - -     |   19.15 |         |  26.82 |   13.69 |
|   28 | MPMaKVVCL      | 28.65   |   22.09 |   19.19 | 17.2  | 15    | 31.09   |   34.29 | 39.00   |  45.02 |   37.17 |
|   29 | MPPaKVVCL      | 22.38   |   20.4  |   18.41 | 16.27 | 15    | 25.06   |   19.08 | 18.69   |  25.28 |   20.94 |
|   30 | MPPoKVVCL      | 22.65   |   19.72 |   17.73 | 15.59 | 15    | 26.10   |   28    | 34.84   |  40.38 |   33.89 |
|   31 | MSEDCL         | 17.31   |   16.74 |   15.61 | 14.39 | -     | 21.74   |   22.84 | 14.38   |  16.23 |   19.8  |
|   32 | MSPDCL         | 44.2    |   25.15 |   18.7  | 15    | -     | 31.72   |   33.01 | 27.46   |  25.26 |   23.3  |
|   33 | MePDCL         | 36.5    |   32.51 |   27.5  | 21.5  | 15    | 45.98   |   38.81 | 41.19   |  35.22 |   31.67 |
|   34 | Mizoram PD     | 32.17   |   27.38 |   23.76 | 20.3  | 15    | 35.18   |   24.98 | 16.16   |  16.2  |   20.66 |
|   35 | Nagaland PD    | -       |   70    |   39    | 32    | 24    | 33.44   |   38.5  | 41.36   |  65.73 |   64.79 |
|   36 | Puducherry PD  | 19.88   |   19    |   15    | 12    | -     | 22.43   |   21.34 | 19.19   |  19.77 |   18.45 |
|   37 | PSPCL          | 16.16   |   15.3  |   14.5  | 14    | -     | 15.88   |   14.46 | 17.31   |  11.28 |   14.35 |
|   38 | AVVNL          | 24      |   20    |   17.5  | 15    | -     | 27.66   |   25.19 | 23.14   |  23.37 |   22.08 |
|   39 | JdVVNL         | 22.4    |   18    |   16.5  | 15    | -     | 29.67   |   26.17 | 23.49   |  35.2  |   38.26 |
|   40 | JVVNL          | 28      |   22    |   18.5  | 15    | -     | 35.87   |   29.79 | 25.19   |  25.73 |   27.83 |
|   41 | Sikkim PD      | 37.13   |   29.5  |   25.94 | 15    | -     | 43.89   |   35.62 | 32.48   |  41.83 |   28.77 |
|   42 | TANGEDCO       | 14.58   |   14.06 |   13.79 | 13.5  | -     | 16.83   |   18.23 | 19.47   |  17.86 |   15    |
|   43 | TSNPDCL        | -       |   11.9  |   10.95 | 10    | -     | 17.41   |   16.19 | 24.74   |  28.63 |   35.26 |
|   44 | TSSPDCL        | -       |   12.68 |   11.3  |  9.9  | -     | 12.64   |   14.77 | 17.16   |  13.79 |   15.57 |
|   45 | TSECL          | 33.8    |   30    |   25    | 20    | 15    | 32.68   |   28.95 | 30.04   |  38.03 |   35.71 |
|   46 | DVVNL          | 35.94   |   30.3  |   24.83 | 20.44 | 15.35 | 43.13   |   40.62 | 38.89   |  37.12 |   39.75 |
|   47 | KESCO          | 35.25   |   29.44 |   24.11 | 19.37 | 14.45 | 28.16   |   25.1  | 22.52   |  16.49 |   15.49 |
|   48 | MVVNL          | 33.13   |   27.8  |   23.2  | 19.45 | 14.89 | 44.58   |   47.27 | 45.29   |  40.62 |   34.14 |
|   49 | PaVVNL         | 24.63   |   22.99 |   20.63 | 17.53 | 14.01 | 27.12   |   29.73 | 25.97   |  22.27 |   18.64 |
|   50 | PuVVNL         | 38.87   |   34.19 |   26.92 | 20.65 | 15.49 | 51.14   |   53.19 | 47.89   |  39.64 |   34.24 |
|   51 | UPCL           | 17      |   16    |   15    | 14.5  | -     | 18.01   |   16.68 | 16.34   |  17.45 |   20.35 |

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