Lok Sabha Question No. 412 (STARRED), answered on 2025-08-21
Subject: Impact of Prices of Petrol and Diesel
Ministry: PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS
Asked by: Smt. Geniben Nagaji Thakor

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 412 TO BE ANSWERED ON 21 AUGUST, 2025

## Impact of Prices of Petrol and Diesel

† *412.  SMT. GENIBEN NAGAJI THAKOR:

## पेट Ō ोिलयम और Ůाक ृ ितक गैस मंũी

Will the Minister of PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS be pleased to state:

(a) the increase in the prices of petrol and diesel during each of the last five years and the current year, State-wise;

(b) whether the Government has carried out any study or assessment of the economic impact of this increase on the consumers particularly the poor and middle class consumers and if so, the details thereof;

(c)  whether  the  Government  proposes  to  reduce  the  taxes  levied  by  the  Union  and  the  State Governments to check the retail prices of petrol and diesel and if so, the details thereof; and

(d)  whether  the  Government  proposes  to  implement  any  new  strategy  or  scheme  to  promote alternative  energy  sources  like  electric  vehicles,  ethanol,  biofuel  etc.  and  if  so,  the  details thereof?

## ANSWER

## पेट Ō ोिलयम और Ůाक ृ ितक गैस मंũी ( ŵी हरदीप िसंह पुरी )

## MINISTER OF PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS

## (SHRI HARDEEP SINGH PURI)

(a) to (d): A statement is laid on the Table of the House.

Statement referred to in reply to parts (a) to (d) of Lok Sabha Starred Question No. 412 asked  by  Smt.  Geniben  Nagaji  Thakor  to  be  answered  on  21  August  2025  regarding 'Impact of Prices of Petrol and Diesel'.

(a) to (c): Prices of petrol and diesel are market determined and Public Sector Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) take appropriate decision on pricing of petrol and diesel.

The prices of petroleum products in the country are linked to the price of respective products in the international market. India imports more than 85% of its crude oil requirements. Crude oil prices  (Indian  basket)  increased  from  $55/bbl  (March  2015)  to  $113/bbl  (March  2022)  and further to $116/bbl (June 2022) and have continued to fluctuate due to various geopolitical and market factors, whereas domestically, Petrol and Diesel prices have come down to Rs. 94.77 and Rs.  87.67  per  litre  respectively  (Delhi  prices)  from  Rs.  110.04  and  Rs.  98.42  per  litre  in November 2021 as a result of various steps taken by Government and PSU OMCs.

Central Excise duty was reduced by the Central Government by a total of Rs. 13/litre and Rs. 16/litre  on  petrol  and  diesel  respectively  in  two  tranches  in  November  2021  and  May  2022, which was fully passed on to consumers. Some State Governments also reduced state VAT rates to provide relief to citizens. In March, 2024, OMCs reduced the retail prices of petrol and diesel by Rs. 2 per litre each. In April 2025, excise duty on Petrol and Diesel was increased by Rs. 2 per litre each but this was not passed on to consumers.

PSU  OMCs  have  also  carried  out  an  intra-state  freight  rationalisation.  This  has  benefitted consumers located at remote areas, far from Petroleum Oil & Lubricants (POL) Depots in the form of reduced Petrol and Diesel prices in remote parts within the states. This initiative has also reduced  the  difference  between  the  maximum  and  minimum  retail  prices  of  Petrol  or  Diesel within a state.

Government also took several other steps to insulate common citizens from high international prices, which included diversifying the crude import basket, invoking the provisions of Universal Service Obligation to ensure availability of petrol & diesel in domestic market etc.

The Government has taken several steps to control the impact of rising crude prices including augmenting  domestic  exploration  and  production  of  crude  oil,  ethanol  blending  program, improving the share of renewable sources in Indian energy basket etc.

The impact of increase/decrease in prices of petrol, diesel and LPG can be assessed through their impact  on  inflation  measured  by  Wholesale  Price  Index  (WPI).  The  weightage  of  Petrol  and Diesel in the WPI index is 1.60% and 3.10% respectively.

The details of State-wise Retail Selling Prices (RSP) of Petrol and Diesel on 1 st January of every year since 2021 are given at Annexure-I and II respectively.

(d): Government is committed towards security, affordability and accessibility of energy for every citizen. To achieve these objectives Government is promoting usage of alternate fuels like CNG, LNG, Hydrogen, biofuels including ethanol, electric vehicles, etc.

Government notified the National Policy on Biofuels - 2018 which laid out indicative target of 20% blending of ethanol in petrol and 5% blending of biodiesel in diesel by 2030 in the country. Subsequently, Government advanced the target of 20% blending of ethanol in petrol from 2030 to 2025-26.  During the ongoing Ethanol Supply Year (ESY) 2024-25, Public Sector OMCs have achieved  the  average  blending  percentage  of  19.05%  as  on  31.07.2025.  During  the  month  of July, 2025, Ethanol blending of 19.93% has been achieved.

To  promote  the  use  of  biofuels,  various  programmes  such  as  Ethanol  Blended  Petrol  (EBP) Programme,  wherein  Oil  Marketing  Companies  (OMCs)  sell  petrol  blended  with  ethanol, Biodiesel blending programme wherein biodiesel is blended with diesel, Sustainable Alternative towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT) initiative wherein Compressed Bio Gas (CBG) is marketed along with Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) have been taken up.

For Biofuel production across the country including rural India, the Government has taken steps on pricing, incentives, opened alternate route for ethanol production, notified Pradhan Mantri JIVAN Yojana for setting up second generation ethanol bio-refineries based on agri residues for ethanol  production,  SATAT  initiative  for  production  of  CBG  and  bio-manure  from  various waste / biomass sources, notified interest subvention scheme for enhancement and expansion of ethanol distillation capacity etc.

*****

Annexure referred to in reply to Lok Sabha starred question no. 412 asked by Smt. Geniben Nagaji Thakor to be answered on 21.08.2025 regarding 'Impact of Prices of Petrol and Diesel'.

## State-wise RSP of Petrol as on 1 st January of every year

| State                            | Reference City     |   01.01.2021 |   01.01.2022 |   01.01.2023 |   01.01.2024 |   01.01.2025 |   01.08.2025 |
|----------------------------------|--------------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
| Delhi                            | New Delhi          |        83.71 |        95.41 |        96.72 |        96.72 |        94.77 |        94.77 |
| West Bengal                      | Kolkata            |        85.19 |       104.67 |       106.03 |       106.03 |       105.01 |       105.41 |
| Maharashtra                      | Mumbai             |        90.34 |       109.98 |       106.31 |       106.31 |       103.5  |       103.5  |
| Tamil Nadu                       | Chennai            |        86.51 |       101.4  |       102.63 |       102.63 |       100.8  |       100.8  |
| Tripura                          | Agartala           |        84.13 |        98.23 |        99.49 |        99.49 |        97.53 |        97.53 |
| Mizoram                          | Aizawl             |        81.3  |        94.5  |        95.64 |        95.64 |        99.06 |        99.29 |
| Haryana                          | Ambala             |        81.35 |        95.3  |        97.48 |        97.48 |        95.54 |        95.94 |
| Karnataka                        | Bengaluru          |        86.51 |       100.58 |       101.94 |       101.94 |       102.92 |       102.92 |
| Madhya Pradesh                   | Bhopal             |        91.5  |       107.23 |       108.65 |       108.65 |       106.52 |       106.52 |
| Odisha                           | Bhubaneswar        |        84.34 |       101.81 |       103.19 |       103.19 |       101.11 |       101.11 |
| Chandigarh                       | Chandigarh         |        80.59 |        94.23 |        96.2  |        96.2  |        94.3  |        94.3  |
| Uttarakhand                      | Dehradun           |        84.2  |        94    |        95.13 |        95.13 |        93.36 |        93.55 |
| Gujarat                          | Gandhinagar        |        81.29 |        95.35 |        96.63 |        96.63 |        94.7  |        94.7  |
| Sikkim                           | Gangtok            |        85    |        98.5  |       102.7  |       102.7  |       101.75 |       101.55 |
| Assam                            | Guwahati           |        87    |        94.58 |        97.02 |        98.03 |        98.19 |        98.19 |
| Telangana                        | Hyderabad          |        87.06 |       108.2  |       109.66 |       109.66 |       107.46 |       107.46 |
| Manipur                          | Imphal             |        87.21 |        99.82 |       101.25 |       101.25 |        99.21 |        99.18 |
| Arunachal Pradesh                | Itanagar           |        77.8  |        92.02 |        93.23 |        92.73 |        90.87 |        90.92 |
| Rajasthan                        | Jaipur             |        91.09 |       107.06 |       108.48 |       108.48 |       104.72 |       104.72 |
| Nagaland                         | Kohima             |        87.04 |        98.05 |        99.46 |        99.46 |        97.71 |        96.49 |
| Uttar Pradesh                    | Lucknow            |        83.59 |        95.28 |        96.57 |        96.57 |        94.69 |        97.55 |
| Goa                              | Panaji             |        80.62 |        96.38 |        97.68 |        97.22 |        96.43 |        97.75 |
| Bihar                            | Patna              |        86.25 |       105.9  |       107.24 |       107.24 |       105.23 |        94.69 |
| Puducherry                       | Puducherry         |        85.43 |        94.94 |        96.16 |        96.16 |        96.26 |        96.43 |
| Andaman &Nicobar Islands         | Sri Vijaya Puram   |        70.48 |        82.96 |        84.1  |        84.1  |        82.46 |       105.23 |
| Chhattisgarh                     | Raipur             |        82.46 |       101.11 |       102.45 |       102.45 |       100.45 |        96.26 |
| Jharkhand                        | Ranchi             |        82.8  |        98.52 |        99.84 |        99.84 |        97.86 |        82.46 |
| Meghalaya                        | Shillong           |        87.56 |        93.91 |        96.39 |        97.92 |        96.25 |        99.44 |
| Himachal Pradesh                 | Shimla             |        81.81 |        95.78 |        96.96 |        96.96 |        94.78 |        97.86 |
| Jammu &Kashmir                   | Srinagar           |        87.43 |       100.36 |       101.74 |       101.74 |        99.7  |        96.32 |
| Kerala                           | Thiruvananthapuram |        85.72 |       106.36 |       107.71 |       109.73 |       107.48 |        95.34 |
| Jammu &Kashmir                   | Jammu              |        83.88 |        96.15 |        97.5  |        97.5  |        95.48 |       100.32 |
| Punjab                           | Jalandhar          |        84.82 |        94.94 |        96.18 |        98.01 |        96.87 |       107.48 |
| Dadra &Nagar Haveli &Daman & Diu | Daman              |        79.93 |        93.1  |        94.31 |        94.31 |        92.44 |        92.56 |
| Ladakh                           | Leh                |        89.87 |       102.99 |       104.27 |       104.27 |       102.36 |        92.44 |
| Andhra Pradesh                   | Amaravati          |        89.92 |       110.47 |       111.87 |       111.87 |       109.74 |       101.69 |
| Maharashtra                      | Pune               |        90.04 |       109.52 |       105.84 |       105.84 |       103.82 |       109.74 |
| Andhra Pradesh                   | Vishakhapatnam     |        88.62 |       109.05 |       110.48 |       110.48 |       108.35 |       100.75 |

Source: IOCL

Annexure referred to in reply to Lok Sabha starred question no. 412 asked by Smt. Geniben Nagaji Thakor to be answered on 21.08.2025 regarding 'Impact of Prices of Petrol and Diesel'.

## State-wise RSP of Diesel as on 1 st January of every year

| State                           | Reference City     |   01.01.2021 |   01.01.2022 |   01.01.2023 |   01.01.2024 |   01.01.2025 |   01.08.2025 |
|---------------------------------|--------------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
| Delhi                           | New Delhi          |        73.87 |        86.67 |        89.62 |        89.62 |        87.67 |        87.67 |
| West Bengal                     | Kolkata            |        77.44 |        89.79 |        92.76 |        92.76 |        91.82 |        92.02 |
| Maharashtra                     | Mumbai             |        80.51 |        94.14 |        94.27 |        94.27 |        90.03 |        90.03 |
| Tamil Nadu                      | Chennai            |        79.21 |        91.43 |        94.24 |        94.24 |        92.39 |        92.39 |
| Tripura                         | Agartala           |        77.25 |        85.61 |        88.44 |        88.44 |        86.55 |        86.55 |
| Mizoram                         | Aizawl             |        73.32 |        79.55 |        82.12 |        82.12 |        87.92 |        88.07 |
| Haryana                         | Ambala             |        73.94 |        86.53 |        90.31 |        90.31 |        88.37 |        88.37 |
| Karnataka                       | Bengaluru          |        78.31 |        85.01 |        87.89 |        87.89 |        88.99 |        90.99 |
| Madhya Pradesh                  | Bhopal             |        81.68 |        90.87 |        93.9  |        93.9  |        91.89 |        91.89 |
| Odisha                          | Bhubaneswar        |        80.46 |        91.62 |        94.76 |        94.76 |        92.69 |        92.69 |
| Chandigarh                      | Chandigarh         |        73.61 |        80.9  |        84.26 |        84.26 |        82.45 |        82.45 |
| Uttarakhand                     | Dehradun           |        74.51 |        87.32 |        90.2  |        90.2  |        88.24 |        88.37 |
| Gujarat                         | Gandhinagar        |        79.72 |        89.33 |        92.38 |        92.38 |        90.38 |        90.38 |
| Sikkim                          | Gangtok            |        76.4  |        83.55 |        89.8  |        89.8  |        89    |        88.85 |
| Assam                           | Guwahati           |        80.42 |        81.29 |        87.95 |        90.33 |        89.42 |        89.42 |
| Telangana                       | Hyderabad          |        80.6  |        94.62 |        97.82 |        97.82 |        95.7  |        95.7  |
| Manipur                         | Imphal             |        77.09 |        84.26 |        87.17 |        87.17 |        85.26 |        85.25 |
| Arunachal Pradesh               | Itanagar           |        71.44 |        79.63 |        82.32 |        82.17 |        80.38 |        80.41 |
| Rajasthan                       | Jaipur             |        83.06 |        90.7  |        93.72 |        93.72 |        90.21 |        90.21 |
| Nagaland                        | Kohima             |        77.79 |        84.59 |        87.56 |        87.56 |        88.83 |        83.33 |
| Uttar Pradesh                   | Lucknow            |        74.21 |        86.8  |        89.76 |        89.76 |        87.81 |        87.38 |
| Goa                             | Panaji             |        77.35 |        87.27 |        90.23 |        89.79 |        88.2  |        88.86 |
| Bihar                           | Patna              |        79.04 |        91.09 |        94.04 |        94.04 |        92.09 |        87.81 |
| Puducherry                      | Puducherry         |        78.4  |        83.58 |        86.33 |        86.33 |        86.47 |        88.2  |
| Andaman &Nicobar Islands        | Sri Vijaya Puram   |        69.22 |        77.13 |        79.74 |        79.74 |        78.05 |        91.49 |
| Chhattisgarh                    | Raipur             |        80.1  |        92.33 |        95.44 |        95.44 |        93.39 |        86.47 |
| Jharkhand                       | Ranchi             |        78.17 |        91.56 |        94.65 |        94.65 |        92.62 |        78.05 |
| Meghalaya                       | Shillong           |        80.01 |        80.58 |        84.65 |        86.68 |        87.47 |        93.39 |
| Himachal Pradesh                | Shimla             |        73.68 |        80.35 |        82.94 |        88.94 |        87.13 |        92.62 |
| Jammu &Kashmir                  | Srinagar           |        77.63 |        83.91 |        86.83 |        86.83 |        84.88 |        87.52 |
| Kerala                          | Thiruvananthapuram |        79.65 |        93.47 |        96.52 |        98.53 |        96.48 |        87.32 |
| Jammu &Kashmir                  | Jammu              |        74.59 |        80.32 |        83.26 |        83.26 |        81.32 |        86.65 |
| Punjab                          | Jalandhar          |        75.54 |        83.75 |        86.55 |        88.34 |        87.38 |        96.48 |
| Dadra &Nagar Haveli& Daman &Diu | Daman              |        78.42 |        86.97 |        89.86 |        89.86 |        87.94 |        88.05 |
| Ladakh                          | Leh                |        80.59 |        86.67 |        89.25 |        89.37 |        87.46 |        87.94 |
| Andhra Pradesh                  | Amaravati          |        82.98 |        96.55 |        99.61 |        99.61 |        97.57 |        87.06 |
| Maharashtra                     | Pune               |        79.01 |        92.31 |        92.36 |        92.36 |        90.35 |        97.57 |
| Andhra Pradesh                  | Vishakhapatnam     |        81.73 |        95.18 |        98.27 |        98.27 |        96.22 |        95.71 |

Source: IOCL