opensansad/lok-sabha-qa huggingface dataset:
Lok Sabha Question No. 5621 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-04-04
Subject: Narayani River Front Waterways
Ministry: PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS
Asked by: Dr. Alok Kumar Suman

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 5621

ANSWERED ON 04.04.2025

## NARAYANI RIVER FRONT WATERWAYS

5621. DR. ALOK KUMAR SUMAN:

Will the Minister of PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYSbe pleased to state:

## पȅन , पोत पįरवहन और जलमागŊ मंũी

- (a) whether it is fact a that the development of Narayani River Front is pending since long

time causing economical impact in regard to National Waterways No. 37;

- (b) if so, the details thereof and the reasons therefor;
- (c) the total amount of funds spent for development of Narayani River Front in district

Gopalganj in Bihar including development of National Waterways Number 37; and

- (d) the details of shipping activities from the Narayani River route?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF PORTS, SHIPPING AND WATERWAYS (SHRI SARBANANDA SONOWAL)

(a)  to  (c)Under  the  Namami  Gange  Programme  of  Ministry  of  Jal  Shakti,  two  Ghats were completed on the Narayani River in the district of Gopalganj, Bihar in July 2021 at a cost of Rs. 8.25 Crore and handed over to the respective urban local bodies (ULBs). The details of the Ghats are as below:

1.       DumariyaGhat 60m X 30m
2.       Bridge Ghat 60m X 30m

(d)Inland  Waterways  Authority  of  India ( IWAI)  an  autonomous  organisation  under Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways has initiated hydro graphic survey to assess the navigational depth and for providing floating jetties along the National Waterways 37 (NW-37). Presently country boats are running for fishing, movement of local goods and agro  products.  To  facilitate the local  movement,  two  floating  jetties  have  been constructed for placement near Bettiah and its opposite bank on NW-37.

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Lok Sabha Question No. 5619 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-04-04
Subject: Suspension of Hospitals from Panel of Health Insurance Scheme
Ministry: HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
Asked by: Shri  Selvaganapathi T.M.

## GOVERNMENTOFINDIA

## MINISTRYOF HEALTH AND FAMILYWELFARE DEPARTMENTOFHEALTH ANDFAMILYWELFARE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 5619 TO BE ANSWERED ON 04 TH APRIL, 2025

## SUSPENSION OF HOSPITALS FROM PANELOF HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME

## 5619. SHRI SELVAGANAPATHI T.M.:

Will the Minister of HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE be pleased to state:

(a) whether it is a fact that the National Health Authority has recommended suspension of over 600 hospitals and removal of nearly 1200 hospitals from the panel of Government ' s health insurance scheme, if so, the details thereof;

(b) whether it is also true that the National Health Authority has also recommended penalties totaling Rs.122 crore against more than 1500 errant hospitals and if so, the details thereof; and

(c) whether the Government is considering to introduce a new regulation to check such fraud and if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE (SHRI PRATAPRAO JADHAV)

(a) to (c): Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) is governed on a zero-tolerance policy towards misuse and abuse and various steps are taken for prevention, detection and deterrence of different kinds of irregularities that could occur in the scheme at different stages of its implementation. A robust anti-fraud mechanism has been put in place and National Anti-Fraud Unit (NAFU) has been set up with the primary responsibility for prevention, detection and deterrence of misuse and abuse under AB-PMJAY.

Suitable actions including de-empanelment of 1114 hospitals, levying penalty worth Rs. 122 crore on 1504 errant hospitals and suspension of 549 hospitals have been taken against fraudulent entities as reported by the States/UTs.

Under AB-PMJAY, triggers have been put in place in the Transaction Management System (TMS) related to the upcoding of the Health Benefit Packages, OPD to IPD conversion, ghost billing/treatment not rendered but claims raised, duplicate images/ documents used for multiple claims, forgery/concealment and beneficiary impersonation/counterfeiting so that automatic flags are raised for proper investigation of such suspected claims. Further, beneficiaries are verified through Aadhaar e-KYC only at the time of creation of the card and have to undergo Aadhaar authentication at the time of availing services, which helps in mitigating the issues of duplicate registration and fraudulent claims. To enhance detection of misuse or abuse, near real-time monitoring and AI-based systems are used to check the hospital claims. Further, hospitals undergo random audits and surprise inspections to ensure the authenticity of claims.

Further, regular updation such as expansion of beneficiary base, inclusion of new procedures, empanelment of new hospitals and other improvements are done in the scheme as per requirements from time to time.

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Lok Sabha Question No. 5618 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-04-04
Subject: Ayurvedic Aahara Products
Ministry: AYUSH
Asked by: Smt. Poonamben Hematbhai Maadam

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AYUSH

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 5618

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 04 th  APRIL, 2025

## 'Ayurvedic Aahara Products'

5618. Smt. Poonamben Hematbhai Maadam:

Will the Minister of AYUSH  be pleased to state:

- (a)  whether  the  Government  has  provided  a  clear  definition  and  framework  for  classifying Ayurvedic food products;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether Ayurveda Aahara products have specific labelling and branding so that consumers can easily identify authentic products and if so, the details thereof;
- (d) whether the Government has promoted Ayurveda Aahara and its benefits; and
- (e) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE (IC) OF THE MINISTRY OF AYUSH

## (SHRI PRATAPRAO JADHAV)

(a) and (b) Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has formulated Food Safety and Standards (Ayurveda Aahara) Regulations, 2022 in consultation with the Ministry of Ayush and notified the regulations in the official gazette on 5 th May, 2022.

The  regulations  define  'Ayurveda  Aahara'  a  food  prepared  in  accordance  with  the recipes  or  ingredients  or  processes  as  per  method  described  in  the  authoritative  books  of Ayurveda listed under 'Schedule A' of these regulations  including  products  which  have  other botanical ingredients in accordance with the concept of Ayurveda Aahara.

(c  )  The  Regulation  13(i)  of  the  Food  Safety  and  Standards  (Ayurveda  Aahara)  Regulations, 2022  specifies  the  specific  labelling  requirements  for  Ayurveda  Aahara,  namely:-  the  words 'AYURVEDA AAHARA' printed in the immediate proximity of the name or brand name of the product; and the logo as specified in the Schedule E of the regulations, on the front of the pack of the label.

The  labelling  of  Ayurveda  Aahara  shall  be  in  accordance  with  the  the  specific  labelling requirements provided in the Food Safety and Standards (Ayurveda Aahara) Regulations, 2022, and Food Safety and Standards (Labelling and Display) Regulations, 2020.

(d) and (e) FSSAI had organized a "Sankalp Swachha Aahar" event in Buldhana, Maharashtra on 12 th January, 2025, training over 1,500 street food vendors and Self Help Group (SHG) women on food safety and hygiene, with a focus on Ayurveda Aahara.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 5614 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-04-04
Subject: India-Spain Relationship
Ministry: EXTERNAL AFFAIRS
Asked by: Shri Kripanath Mallah

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION NO- 5614

ANSWERED ON- 04/04/2025

INDIA-SPAIN RELATIONSHIP

## 5614. SHRI KRIPANATH MALLAH

Will the Minister of EXTERNAL AFFAIRS be pleased to state :-

(a)  the  outcome of  the recent meeting between External Affairs Minister of India and Defence Minister of Spain;

(b) the details of the specific areas of defence cooperation being prioritized in this new phase of cooperation;

(c) whether the said moves to strengthen defence relation between India and Spain is likely to open up the possibility of  additional defence   procurement   agreements   or   joint   ventures   in   the   near future; and

(d) if so, the details of such specific sectors or products which are under active consideration?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS (SHRI KIRTI VARDHAN SINGH)

(a) The External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar met the Defence Minister of Spain, Ms Margarita Robles, on 14 January 2025, during his official visit to Spain. During the meeting the two ministers took stock of the deepening partnership between the two countries and exchanged views on regional and global issues. They agreed to further strengthen cooperation in the defence sector.

(b) to (d) India and Spain have a growing defence partnership. Tata Advanced Systems Ltd. in collaboration with Airbus Spain is setting up the Final Assembly Line Plant of C-295 aircraft at Vadodara. The same was inaugurated by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi and President of  Government of  Spain Mr. Pedro Sanchez during the latter's visit to India in 28-29 October 2024.

The Chief of Spanish Airforce Lt. Gen. Francisco Braco Carbo visited India   in   August   2024   to   participate   in   Exercise   Tarang   Shakti. Vessels of Indian Navy participate frequently in Passage Exercises and Port Calls in Spanish coasts, the latest being INS Tabar in August 2024 and INS Sindhuratna, INS Tarkash, INS Chennai and INS Sumedha in 2023. The 5th India-Spain Defence Joint Working Group took place on 06 February 2025. Both sides are exploring closer collaboration in defence, particularly in technology and armament production areas.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 5612 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-04-04
Subject: Court Litigation against Serving Officers/Veterans
Ministry: DEFENCE
Asked by: Shri Hibi Eden

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF DEFENCE DEPARTMENT OF EX-SERVICEMEN WELFARE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 5612

TO BE ANSWERED ON 04 th  April, 2025

## COURT LITIGATION AGAINST SERVING OFFICERS/VETERANS

5612. SHRI HIBI EDEN:

Will the Minister of DEFENCE be pleased to state:

(a)  the  details  of  court  litigation  initiated  by  the  Government  against  serving  officers  and veterans with regard to disability pension;

(b) whether the Government has formulated any policy/issued directions for contesting cases in regard to disability pensions of serving officers and veterans; and

(c) if so, the details thereof?

## A  N  S  W  E  R

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

(SHRI SANJAY SETH)

(a):  The Government has not initiated any court litigations against serving officers and veterans in relation to disability pension.

(b) & (c):  The Ministry of Defence, like other Government Departments, follows the laid down process  whereby  judgements  delivered  by  lower  courts  which  are  in  deviation  from Government regulations/ policies are appealed after due consultation with Department of Legal Affairs.  All  Orders  of  Hon'ble  Armed  Forces  Tribunals  which  are  in  accordance  with  the Government Policies are implemented. Where the Orders are in deviation from the Government Policies and has not attained finality with the settled law of the Hon'ble Supreme Court, the Government  goes  for  exhausting  the  available  legal  remedies  before  the  court  orders  are implemented.

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Lok Sabha Question No. 5610 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-04-04
Subject: New Investment Policy
Ministry: CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS
Asked by: Shri Bharatsinhji Shankarji Dabhi, Smt. Bijuli Kalita Medhi, Shri Dushyant Singh

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF CHEMICALS & FERTILIZERS DEPARTMENT OF FERTILIZERS

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 5610 TO BE ANSWERED ON 04.04.2025

## New Investment Policy

5610:  SHRI DUSHYANT SINGH, SMT. BIJULI KALITA MEDHI, SHRI BHARATSINHJI SHANKARJI DABHI :

Will the Minister of CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS be pleased to state:

- (a) the  manner  in which  the New  Investment  Policy  (NIP)-2012  and  its amendment  in  2014  have  contributed  to  India's  self-sufficiency  in  Urea Production;
- (b) the  steps  taken  by  the  government  to  encourage  private  investment  in  the urea and fertilizer sector;
- (c) whether any additional incentives are being considered for private companies to set up urea production units; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF CHEMICALS & FERTILIZERS

## (SMT. ANUPRIYA PATEL)

(a) to (d):   The Government had announced New Investment Policy (NIP) - 2012 on 2nd January, 2013 and its amendment on 7th October, 2014 to facilitate fresh investment in the urea sector and to make India self-sufficient in the urea sector. Total 6 new urea units have been set up under NIP-2012 which includes 4 Urea units  set  up  through  Joint  Venture  Companies  (JVC)  of  nominated  PSUs  and  2 Urea  units  set  up  by  the  private  companies.  The  units  set  up  through  JVC  are Ramagundam Urea unit of Ramagundam Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd (RFCL) in Telangana and 3 Urea units namely Gorakhpur, Sindri and Barauni of Hindustan Urvarak  &  Rasayan  Limited  (HURL)  in  Uttar  Pradesh,  Jharkhand  and  Bihar, respectively.  The  units  set  up  by  private  companies  are  Panagarh  Urea  unit  of Matix Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd. (Matix) in West Bengal; and Gadepan-III Urea unit of Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd. (CFCL) in Rajasthan. Each of these units has installed capacity of 12.7 Lakh Metric Tonne per annum (LMTPA). These units are highly energy efficient as they are based on latest technology. Therefore, these  units  have  together  added  urea  production  of  76.2  LMTPA  thereby  total production  urea  production  capacity  (RAC)  has  increased  from  207.54  LMTPA during 2014-15 to 283.74 LMTPA in 2023-24.

The  Government  has  implemented  Nutrient  Based  Subsidy  Policy  w.e.f. 01.04.2010 for Phosphatic and Potassic (P&K) Fertilizers.  Under the policy, a fixed amount of subsidy, decided on annual/bi-annual basis, is provided on notified P&K fertilizers  depending  on  their  nutrient  content.  The  P&K  sector  is  decontrolled, fertilizer  companies  are  allowed  to  fix  MRP  at  reasonable  levels.  The  fertilizer companies  manufacture/import  fertilizers  and  do  investment  as  per  the  market dynamics.

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Lok Sabha Question No. 5609 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-04-04
Subject: Funds for Women Development Schemes
Ministry: WOMEN AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: Shri Ramprit Mandal, Shri Kaushalendra Kumar, Smt. Lovely Anand, Shri Dinesh Chandra Yadav

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF WOMEN AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 5609

TO BE ANSWERED ON 04.04.2025

## FUNDS FOR WOMEN DEVELOPMENT SCHEMES

5609    SMT LOVELY ANAND: SHRI KAUSHALENDRA KUMAR: SHRI DINESH CHANDRA YADAV: SHRI RAMPRIT MANDAL:

Will the Minister of WOMEN AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

- a. the details of the funds spent on women development schemes out of the total budget of Rs. 3 lakh crore as announced in the budget of July, 2024-25; and
- b. the details of the funds spent, scheme and State-wise?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF WOMEN AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT (SHRIMATI SAVITRI THAKUR)

(a) & (b): Ministry of Women and Child Development provides capacity building and technical support to central  Ministries/Departments/States/UTs  to  advance  their  gender  budgeting processes for further improving gender equality and women's empowerment. The gender budget allocations, which are compiled as Statement 13 of the Expenditure Profile of Union Budget, are prepared by Ministries/ Departments/UTs for their schemes/programmes. Ministries/Departments/UTs utilize their resources, implementing agencies etc. to monitor the progress (including funds spent state-wise) for achieving the objectives of their schemes/programmes.

Gender budget allocation of Rs. 3.27 Lakh Crores has been reported as Budget Estimate by the Ministries/Departments/UTs  in  the  Expenditure  Profile  of  Union  Budget  2024-25.  In  the Statement 13 of the Expenditure Profile of Union Budget 2025-26, an amount of Rs. 3.84 Lakh Crores has been reported as overall Government spending as Actuals in the FY 2023-24, and Rs 3.76 Lakh Crores as Revised Estimate for FY 2024-25. The BE for FY 2025-26 under Statement 13 has been reported as Rs 4.49 Lakh Crores. Details of the scheme-wise funds spent in FY 202324, BE & RE of 2024-25 and BE 2025-26 are provided in the Statement No. 13 of Expenditure Profile 2025-26, which is available at https://indiabudget.gov.in.

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Lok Sabha Question No. 5603 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-04-04
Subject: Self-injectable Epinephrine Autoinjectors
Ministry: CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS
Asked by: Shri G M Harish Balayogi

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICALS

LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 5603 TO BE ANSWERED ON 4 th  APRIL, 2025

## Self-injectable Epinephrine Autoinjectors

## 5603. Shri G M Harish Balayogi:

## Will the Minister of CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether it is a fact that self-injectable epinephrine autoinjectors are currently unavailable in India and patients have to carry pre-drawn epinephrine syringe for emergency use, if so, the reasons thereof;
- (b) whether the Government has undertaken steps to make the said self-injectable epinephrine autoinjectors available to the public, if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor;
- (c) whether the Government has plans to include self-injectable epinephrine autoinjectors under the Pradhan Mantri Bharatiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP), if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor;
- (d)  whether  the  Government  has  undertaken  any  steps/initiatives  to  promote  the  domestic manufacturing of self-injectable epinephrine autoinjectors, if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor; and
- (e) the details of the domestic pharmaceutical companies that are currently in the process of manufacturing self-injectable epinephrine autoinjectors?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY  OF  CHEMICALS  AND FERTILIZERS

(SMT. ANUPRIYA PATEL)

(a) to (e): As per information received from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, selfinjectable epinephrine autoinjectors are presently not being manufactured in India. However, epinephrine  injectables,  such  as  ampoules  and  vials,  are  readily  available  and  are  being produced by companies in India.

Under the  Production  Linked  Incentive  Scheme  for  Pharmaceuticals,  financial  incentive  is provided  to  55  selected  applicants  for  manufacturing  identified  products,  which  include epinephrine  autoinjectors.  One  of  the  selected  applicants  has  filed  an  application  with  the Central  Drugs  Standard  Control  Organisation  (CDSCO),  for  manufacturing  and  marketing permission for epinephrine autoinjector, which, as per input received from CDSCO, is at the stage of review. As an approved product, manufacturing and sale of epinephrine autoinjector, upon commercialisation, is eligible for incentive at the rate of 10% of sales.

Since manufacturing and marketing permission for epinephrine autoinjector is at the stage of review in CDSCO, and only approved products may be considered for inclusion in the product basket of Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana scheme, epinephrine autoinjectors is currently not included in the scheme product basket.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 5599 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-04-04
Subject: Alternative Dispute Resolution
Ministry: LAW AND JUSTICE
Asked by: Shri Vishnu Datt Sharma

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL AFFAIRS

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 5599 TO BE ANSWERED ON FRIDAY, THE 04 TH  APRIL, 2025

## Alternative Dispute Resolution

5599. Shri Vishnu Datt Sharma:

Will the Minister of LAW AND JUSTICE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  government  is  promoting  Alternative  Dispute  Resolution (ADR)  mechanisms  to  reduce  court  backlog,  especially  in  Madhya Pradesh, if so, details thereof;
- (b) whether  the  Government  has  established  ADR  centres  in  Khajuraho parliamentary constituency including Katni and Panna districts of Madhya Pradesh;
- (c) if  so,  the  details  thereof  and  the  measures  taken  by  the  Government  to ensure the success of the initiative; and
- (d) if not, the reasons therefor and the steps being taken to address the issue?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE; AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS (SHRI ARJUN RAM MEGHWAL)

(a) to (d) During the past decade, the Government of India has taken various initiatives  in  the  realm  of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanisms. The  Government  is  promoting  ADR  mechanisms  including  arbitration  and mediation as these mechanisms are less adversarial and are capable of providing a  better  substitute  to  the  conventional  methods  of  resolving  disputes.  Various legislative interventions have been carried out to strengthen these mechanisms

and make them more efficacious and expeditious. The use of ADR mechanisms is also expected to reduce the burden on the judiciary and thereby enable timely justice  dispensation.  The  major  initiatives  taken  by  the  Central  Government over the years in this regard include amendments to the existing Acts such as Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 in the years 2015, 2019 and 2021 and enactment of new legislations such as India International Arbitration Centre Act, 2019  and  the  Mediation  Act,  2023.  However,  no  state  specific  initiatives including for Madhya Pradesh, have been taken by the Government.

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Lok Sabha Question No. 5598 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-04-04
Subject: Implementation of Reservation for Women in Legislatures
Ministry: LAW AND JUSTICE
Asked by: Shri Raja A

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 5598 TO BE ANSWERED ON FRIDAY, THE 04 th APRIL, 2025

## Implementation of Reservation for Women in Legislatures

5598. Shri Raja A:

Will the Minister of LAW AND JUSTICE be pleased to state:

- (a) the present status of implementation of Constitution (Amendment) Act, 2023 for reservation for women in Lok Sabha and State Legislatures;
- (b) whether ratification by the State Legislatures has been obtained for this legislation, if so, the details thereof;
- (c) the time frame by which the constituencies of Lok Sabha and Assemblies are likely redrawn and notified for the purpose of women reservation; and
- (d) whether there is a possibility of notifying reserved constituencies for women before the next Lok Sabha elections, if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE; AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS

## (SHRI ARJUN RAM MEGHWAL)

(a), (c) and (d): Article 334A of the Constitution, inserted by the Constitution (One Hundred and Sixth Amendment) Act, 2023, provides that the reservation of seats for women in the House of the People, the Legislative Assembly of a State and the Legislative Assembly of the National Capital

Territory of Delhi shall come into effect after an exercise of delimitation is undertaken for this purpose after the relevant figures for the first census taken after commencement of the Constitution (One Hundred and Sixth Amendment) Act, 2023 have been published. Similar amendments have also been incorporated in the Government of Union Territories Act, 1963 as well as the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019.

(b): As per article 368 of the Constitution, ratification by the State Legislatures is not required.

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