Lok Sabha Question No. 1679 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2024-08-01
Subject: Pollution in Water Bodies
Ministry: JAL SHAKTI
Asked by: Shri Adhikari Deepak Dev

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF JAL SHAKTI

## DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT & GANGA REJUVENATION

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1679

ANSWERED ON 01.08.2024

## POLLUTION IN WATER BODIES

## 1679.    SHRI ADHIKARI DEEPAK DEV

Will the Minister of JAL SHAKTI be pleased to state:

(a) whether the Government is aware of the magnitude of pollution of water bodies in the country and if so, the details thereof;

(b) the steps being taken by the Government to prevent pollution of water sources by industrial effluents; and (c) the details of industries found to be polluting water sources in the country, State-wise?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR JAL SHAKTI

## ( SHRI RAJ BHUSHAN CHOUDHARY )

(a) Water being a state subject, compilation of information about magnitude of pollution in water bodies, and planning and implementing measures to control the same, lie within the mandate of the State Government concerned. However, in order to supplement the efforts of the State Governments, Central Pollution Control Board  (CPCB)  monitors  water  quality  of  aquatic  resources  in  the  country,  in  association  with  the  State Pollution  Control  Boards  (SPCBs)/  Pollution  Control  Committees  (PCCs)  under  National  Water  Quality Monitoring  Programme  (NWMP).  At  present,  monitoring  under  NWMP  is  being  done  at  4,736  locations, including 2,155 locations on rivers, 558 on lakes, 141 on ponds, 102 on tanks, 1,233 ground water locations and 547 monitoring locations on other water bodies including coastal water bodies.

(b) Preventing pollution of water sources by industrial effluents is to be undertaken by the State Government concerned. However, some of the key initiatives taken by Government of India to  supplement the efforts of the State Government in this regard, are detailed below.

-  Govt.  of  India  enacted  Water  (Prevention  and  Control  of  Pollution)  Act,  1974  and  various provisions under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, for protection of water bodies.
-  Government of India has been promoting formulation and implementation of action plans by the States. The proposed action plans, inter-alia, include source control (municipal sewage management, industrial pollution control, waste management), river catchment/basin management (adoption  of  good  irrigation  practices,  utilization  of  treated  sewage,  ground  water  recharge aspects),  flood  plain  zone  protection  and  its  management  (setting  up  of  bio-diversity  parks, removal  of  encroachments,  rain  water  harvesting, plantation on  both sides of the river), ecological/environmental flow (e-flow) and watershed management.
-  Under  Namami  Gange  program,  annual  inspection  of  the  grossly  polluting  industries  (GPIs) having potential to discharge effluent having 100 kg/day BOD load and/or toxic effluent, is carried out through technical institutes like IITs, NITs, NEERI etc. in seven Ganga & Yamuna main stem states of Uttarakhand, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal.
-  Industry-specific discharge standards for various types of industrial categories have been notified under the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986. The industries are required to provide adequate treatment to the effluent through effluent treatment plants (ETPs) so as to meet the notified effluent discharge standards. Defaulting industries are issued appropriate directions, including show-cause notices and closure directions.
-  Central  Pollution  Control  Board  (CPCB)  has  stipulated  that  all  categories  of  high  pollution potential  industries,  grossly  polluting  industries  of  Ganga  basin  and  common  waste  treatment facilities  to  install  Online  Continuous  Effluent/  Emission  Monitoring  Systems  (OCEMS)  for strengthening monitoring mechanism and effective compliance through self-regulatory mechanism and constant vigil on pollution levels.
- (c) State-wise details of grossly polluting industries (GPIs) non-complying with the environmental standards are  tabulated  below.  For  other  States  and  UTs,  no  such  GPIs  are  reported  which  are  non-complying  with environmental standards.

## (Number of Grossly Polluting Industries - GPIs)

| S. No   | State/UT       | Total   | closed with their own   | Operational   | Complying with environmental standard   | Non- complying with environmental standard   | Action taken for non-complying with environmental standard   | Action taken for non-complying with environmental standard   |
|---------|----------------|---------|-------------------------|---------------|-----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|
| S. No   | State/UT       | Total   | closed with their own   | Operational   | Complying with environmental standard   | Non- complying with environmental standard   | Show cause notice issued                                     | Closure direction issued                                     |
| 1       | Andhra Pradesh | 200     | 3                       | 197           | 194                                     | 3                                            | 3                                                            | 0                                                            |
| 2       | Bihar          | 78      | 19                      | 59            | 37                                      | 22                                           | 22                                                           | 0                                                            |
| 3       | Chhattisgarh   | 35      | 6                       | 29            | 21                                      | 8                                            | 1                                                            | 7                                                            |
| 4       | Delhi          | 196     | 34                      | 162           | 155                                     | 7                                            | 2                                                            | 5                                                            |
| 5       | Gujarat        | 25      | 1                       | 24            | 17                                      | 7                                            | 7                                                            | 0                                                            |
| 6       | Haryana        | 1,140   | 174                     | 966           | 948                                     | 18                                           | 13                                                           | 5                                                            |
| 7       | Uttar Pradesh  | 1,644   | 410                     | 1,234         | 1179                                    | 55                                           | 0                                                            | 55                                                           |
| 8       | Uttarakhand    | 67      | 9                       | 58            | 57                                      | 1                                            | 0                                                            | 1                                                            |
|         | Total          | 3,385   | 656                     | 2,729         | 2,608                                   | 121                                          | 48                                                           | 73                                                           |

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