Lok Sabha Question No. 1306 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2025-07-28
Subject: Migration of People from Scheduled Areas  of Rajasthan
Ministry: LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
Asked by: Shri Rajkumar Roat

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1306

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 28 th  JULY, 2025

## MIGRATION OF PEOPLE FROM SCHEDULED AREAS OF RAJASTHAN

1306.    SHRI RAJKUMAR ROAT:

Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) the  details  of  the  unemployment  rate  in  the  5th  Scheduled  Area States of the country during the last five years, State-wise;
- (b) whether  the  Government  has  made  any  efforts  to  control  the migration  of  the  people  from  the  scheduled  areas  of  Rajasthan those migrated to Gujarat for employment;
- (c) whether the Central Government is likely to implement any special scheme  to  eradicate  unemployment  in  this  area  and  if  so,  the details thereof;
- (d) the provision of fixing labour wages rates and the current rates of skilled and semi-skilled workers in the country, State-wise; and
- (e) whether  the  Government  is  considering  to  increase  the  current labour  rates,  if  so,  the  details  thereof  and  if  not,  the  reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT (SUSHRI SHOBHA KARANDLAJE)

- (a)  to  (e):  The  data  on  Employment  and  Unemployment  is  collected through Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) which is conducted by the Ministry  of  Statistics  and  Programme  Implementation  (MoSPI)  since 2017-18.

As  per  the  latest  available  Annual  PLFS  reports,  the  estimated Unemployment Rate (UR) on usual status  for  persons  of  age  15  years and above has decreased from 4.8% in 2019-20 to 3.2% in 2023-24. The detailed  State/UT-wise  information,  including  the  5th  Scheduled  Area States  of  the  country,  is  available  in  the  PLFS  reports  which  may  be seen  at  the  website  of  MoSPI  at  https://www.mospi.gov.in/downloadreports?main\_cat=ODU5&cat=All&sub\_category=All

Migration of workers  from one state to another state is a continuous process and dynamic in nature.

The Central Government in coordination with State Governments is implementing various developmental schemes for creating employment opportunities and improving infrastructure to encourage people to stay in  their  state,  earn  their  livelihood  and  raise  their  quality  of  life  near their places of residence.

Employment generation coupled with improving employability of all including youth, in both urban and rural areas, is a priority of Government and is a multi-stakeholder initiative The various Ministries/ Departments  of  Government  of  India  like  Ministry  of  Micro,  Small  & Medium Enterprises, Ministry of Rural Development, Ministry of Housing &  Urban  Affairs,  Ministry  of  Finance,  Ministry  of  Textiles,  Ministry  of Electronics and Information Technology etc. are implementing different employment  generation  schemes/  programmes  like  Prime  Minister's Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY), Rural Self Employment  and  Training  Institutes  (RSETIs),  Deendayal  Antyodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM), Pradhan Mantri Mudra  Yojana  (PMMY),  National  Handicrafts  Development  Programme etc., which, along with increase in capital expenditure, seeks to boost employment  creation.  The  details  of  various  employment  generation schemes/programmes  being  implemented  by  the  Government  of  India may be seen at https://dge.gov.in/dge/schemes\_programmes.

In  addition,  the  Union  Cabinet  has approved  the  Employment Linked  Incentive  (ELI)  Scheme  to  support  employment  generation, enhance  employability  and  social  security  across  all  sectors,  with special focus on the manufacturing sector.

Further, Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India, is running the National Career Service (NCS) Portal which is a one-stop solution for providing career related services including jobs from private and  government  sectors,  information  on  online  &  offline  job  fairs,  job search & matching, career counselling, vocational guidance, information on skill  development courses, skill/training  programmes etc.  through a digital platform [www.ncs.gov.in].

Under the provisions of the Minimum Wages Act 1948, the Central Government and the State Governments, as appropriate Government, fix, review and revise the minimum wages of the employees employed in the Scheduled employments under their respective jurisdictions. Accordingly, the minimum rates of wages in the Scheduled employments in the Central sphere were revised by the Central Government in 2017.

Further,  in  order  to  take  care  of  the  rising  prices,  the  Central Government revises the Variable  Dearness  Allowance  (V.D.A)  on  basic rates of minimum wages every six months, effective from 1st April and 1st October of every year on the basis of Consumer Price Index for all scheduled employments in A, B and C areas (classification of areas is at Annexure-II).  Latest  Minimum  Wages  inclusive  of  V.D.A.  for  different categories  of workers  based  on  skill  (i.e., Unskilled, Semi-skilled, Skilled,  Highly  Skilled)  for  scheduled  employments  under  the  central sphere as applicable from 01.04.2025 is at Annexure-I.

Recently  the  provisions  of  the  Minimum  Wages  Act,  1948,  have been  rationalized  and  subsumed  under  the  Code  on  Wages,  2019.  The Code makes minimum wages universally applicable across employments and thus moves ahead from restrictive applicability of minimum wages limited  to  scheduled  employments  as  provided  for  under  the  Minimum Wages Act, 1948.

- *****

Annexure  referred  to  in  reply  of  part  (a)  to  (e)  of  the  Lok  Sabha  Unstarred Question No. 1306 due for reply on 28.07.2025

Area wise Rates of Minimum Wages for Scheduled Employments in the Central Sphere (as on 01.04.2025)

| Sr.   | Scheduled                                                            | Category of Workers                                                         | Rates of Wages including V.D.A per day (in Rs.)                             | Rates of Wages including V.D.A per day (in Rs.)                             | Rates of Wages including V.D.A per day (in Rs.)                             |
|-------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| No.   | Employment                                                           |                                                                             | Area A                                                                      | Area B                                                                      | Area C                                                                      |
|       | Agriculture                                                          | Unskilled                                                                   | 514                                                                         | 470                                                                         | 465                                                                         |
|       | Agriculture                                                          | Semi- skilled/Unskilled Supervisory                                         | 562                                                                         | 516                                                                         | 475                                                                         |
|       | Agriculture                                                          | Skilled/Clerical                                                            | 610                                                                         | 562                                                                         | 515                                                                         |
|       | Agriculture                                                          | Highly-skilled                                                              | 675                                                                         | 628                                                                         | 562                                                                         |
|       | Sweeping and Cleaning +                                              | Unskilled                                                                   | 805                                                                         | 674                                                                         | 541                                                                         |
|       | Watch and Ward                                                       | Without Arms (Upgraded to skilled with training)                            | 981                                                                         | 893                                                                         | 760                                                                         |
|       | Watch and Ward                                                       | With Arms (Upgraded to highly skilled for supervision)                      | 1065                                                                        | 981                                                                         | 893                                                                         |
|       | Loading & Unloading #                                                | Unskilled                                                                   | 805                                                                         | 674                                                                         | 541                                                                         |
|       | Construction ^                                                       | Unskilled                                                                   | 805                                                                         | 674                                                                         | 541                                                                         |
|       | Construction ^                                                       | Semi- skilled/Unskilled Supervisory                                         | 893                                                                         | 760                                                                         | 632                                                                         |
|       | Construction ^                                                       | Skilled/Clerical                                                            | 981                                                                         | 893                                                                         | 760                                                                         |
|       | Construction ^                                                       | Highly-skilled                                                              | 1065                                                                        | 981                                                                         | 893                                                                         |
|       | Workers engaged in Stone Mines for Stone Breaking and Stone Crushing | 1.Excavation & removal of over burden with 50 meters lead/1.5 meters lift:* | 1.Excavation & removal of over burden with 50 meters lead/1.5 meters lift:* | 1.Excavation & removal of over burden with 50 meters lead/1.5 meters lift:* | 1.Excavation & removal of over burden with 50 meters lead/1.5 meters lift:* |
|       | Workers engaged in Stone Mines for Stone Breaking and Stone Crushing | (a) Soft Soil                                                               |                                                                             | 545                                                                         |                                                                             |
|       | Workers engaged in Stone Mines for Stone Breaking and Stone Crushing | (b) Soft Soil with Rock                                                     |                                                                             | 818                                                                         |                                                                             |
|       | Workers engaged in Stone Mines for Stone Breaking and Stone Crushing | (c) Rock                                                                    |                                                                             | 1083                                                                        |                                                                             |
|       | Workers engaged in Stone Mines for Stone Breaking and Stone Crushing | 2. Removal and Staking of rejected stones with 50 metres                    | 2. Removal and Staking of rejected stones with 50 metres                    | 438                                                                         |                                                                             |
|       |                                                                      | 3. Stone breaking or Stone Crushing for the stone size of category**        | 3. Stone breaking or Stone Crushing for the stone size of category**        | 3. Stone breaking or Stone Crushing for the stone size of category**        | 3. Stone breaking or Stone Crushing for the stone size of category**        |
|       |                                                                      | (a) 1.0 inch to 1.5 inches                                                  |                                                                             | 3323                                                                        |                                                                             |
|       |                                                                      | (b) Above 1.5 Inches to 3.0                                                 | Inches                                                                      | 2842                                                                        |                                                                             |
|       |                                                                      | (c) Above 3.0 Inches to 5 Inches                                            |                                                                             | 1669                                                                        |                                                                             |
|       |                                                                      | (d) Above 5.0 Inches                                                        |                                                                             | 1372                                                                        |                                                                             |
|       | Non-coal Mines $                                                     |                                                                             |                                                                             | Above Ground {Rates of Wages including V.D.A per day (in Rs.)}              | Below Ground {Rates of Wages including V.D.A per day (in Rs.)}              |
|       |                                                                      | Unskilled                                                                   |                                                                             | 541                                                                         | 674                                                                         |
|       |                                                                      | Semi-skilled/Unskilled Supervisory                                          | Semi-skilled/Unskilled Supervisory                                          | 674                                                                         | 805                                                                         |
|       |                                                                      | Skilled/Clerical                                                            |                                                                             | 805                                                                         | 938                                                                         |
|       |                                                                      | Highly-skilled                                                              |                                                                             | 938                                                                         | 1048                                                                        |

*Per 2.831 cubic meters or 100 cubic feet ** Per truck load of 5.662 cubic meters or 200 cubic feet +  Employees  engaged  in  the  employment  of  Sweeping  and  Cleaning  excluding  Activities prohibited  under  the  Employment  of  Manual  Scavengers  and  Construction  of  Dry  Latrines (Prohibition) Act, 1993. #  Employees engaged in the employment of Loading and Unloading in (i) Goods Sheds, Parcel Offices of Railways; (ii) Other Goods Sheds, Godowns, Warehouses and other similar employments; (iii) Docks and Ports; and (iv) Passengers Goods and Cargo Carried out at Airports (Both International and Domestic). ^ Employees engaged in the employment of construction or maintenance of Roads or Runways or in Building Operations including laying down Underground Electric, Wireless, Radio, Television, Telephone,  Telegraph  and  Overseas  Communication  Cables  and  similar  other  Underground Cabling Work, Electric Lines, Water Supply Lines and Sewerage Pipe Lines. $    Employees  engaged  in  the  employment  of  Gypsum  Mines,  Barytes  Mines,  Bauxite  Mines, Manganese Mines, China Clay Mines, Kyanite Mines, Copper Mines, Clay Mines, Magnesite Mines, White Clay Mines, Stone Mines, Steatite Mines (including the mines producing Soap Stones and Talc),  Ochre  Mines,  Asbestos  Mines,  Fire  Clay  Mines,  Chromite  Mines,  Quartzite  Mines,  Quartz Mines, Silica Mines, Graphite Mines, Felspar Mines, Laterite Mines, Dolomite Mines, Red Oxide Mines, Wolfram Mines, Iron Ore Mines, Granite Mines, Rock Phosphate Mines, Hematite Mines, Marble and Calcite Mines, Uranium Mines, Mica Mines, Lignite Mines, Gravel Mines, Slate and

Magnetite Mines.

(Contd/-)

## Classification of Area

| AREA - 'A' Ahmedabad                                                                                  | (UA)                                                                                                  | Hyderabad                                                                                             | (UA)                                                                                                  | Faridabad complex                                                                                     |                                                                                                       |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Bangaluru                                                                                             | (UA)                                                                                                  | Kanpur                                                                                                | (UA)                                                                                                  | Ghaziabad                                                                                             |                                                                                                       |
| Kolkata                                                                                               | (UA)                                                                                                  | Lucknow                                                                                               | (UA)                                                                                                  | Gurgaon                                                                                               |                                                                                                       |
| Delhi                                                                                                 | (UA)                                                                                                  | Chennai                                                                                               | (UA)                                                                                                  | Noida                                                                                                 |                                                                                                       |
| Greater Mumbai                                                                                        | (UA)                                                                                                  | Nagpur                                                                                                | (UA)                                                                                                  | Secunderabad                                                                                          |                                                                                                       |
| Navi Mumbai                                                                                           |                                                                                                       | Pune                                                                                                  | (UA)                                                                                                  |                                                                                                       |                                                                                                       |
| AREA - 'B'                                                                                            | AREA - 'B'                                                                                            | AREA - 'B'                                                                                            | AREA - 'B'                                                                                            | AREA - 'B'                                                                                            | AREA - 'B'                                                                                            |
| Agra                                                                                                  | (UA)                                                                                                  | Gwalior                                                                                               | (UA)                                                                                                  | Port Blair                                                                                            | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Ajmer                                                                                                 | (UA)                                                                                                  | Hubli-Dharwad                                                                                         | (M. Corpn)                                                                                            | Puducherry                                                                                            | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Aligarh                                                                                               | (UA)                                                                                                  | Indore                                                                                                | (UA)                                                                                                  | Raipur                                                                                                | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Allahabad                                                                                             | (UA)                                                                                                  | Jabalpur                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  | Raurkela                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Amravati                                                                                              | (M.Corpn)                                                                                             | Jaipur                                                                                                | (M.Corpn)                                                                                             | Rajkot                                                                                                | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Amritsar                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  | Jalandhar                                                                                             | (UA)                                                                                                  | Ranchi                                                                                                | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Asansol                                                                                               | (UA)                                                                                                  | Jalandhar-Cantt.                                                                                      | (UA)                                                                                                  | Saharanpur                                                                                            | (M.Corpn)                                                                                             |
| Aurangabad                                                                                            | (UA)                                                                                                  | Jammu                                                                                                 | (UA)                                                                                                  | Salem                                                                                                 | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Bareilly                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  | Jamnagar                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  | Sangli                                                                                                | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Belgaum                                                                                               | (UA)                                                                                                  | Jamshedpur                                                                                            | (UA)                                                                                                  | Shillong                                                                                              |                                                                                                       |
| Bhavnagar                                                                                             | (UA)                                                                                                  | Jhansi                                                                                                | (UA)                                                                                                  | Siliguri                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Bhiwandi                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  | Jodhpur                                                                                               | (UA)                                                                                                  | Solapur                                                                                               | (M.Corpn)                                                                                             |
| Bhopal                                                                                                | (UA)                                                                                                  | Kannur                                                                                                | (UA)                                                                                                  | Srinagar                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Bhubaneshwar                                                                                          | (UA)                                                                                                  | Kochi                                                                                                 | (UA)                                                                                                  | Surat                                                                                                 | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Bikaner                                                                                               | (M.Corpn)                                                                                             | Kolhapur                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  | Thiruvanantapuram                                                                                     | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Bokaro Steel City                                                                                     | (UA)                                                                                                  | Kollam                                                                                                | (UA)                                                                                                  | Thrissur                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Chandigarh                                                                                            | (UA)                                                                                                  | Kota                                                                                                  | (M.Corpn)                                                                                             | Tiruchirappalli                                                                                       | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Coimbatore                                                                                            | (UA)                                                                                                  | Kozhikode                                                                                             | (UA)                                                                                                  | Tiruppur                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Cuttack                                                                                               | (UA)                                                                                                  | Ludhiana                                                                                              | (M.Corpn)                                                                                             | Ujjain                                                                                                | (M.Corpn)                                                                                             |
| Dehradun                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  | Madurai                                                                                               | (UA)                                                                                                  | Vadodara                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Dhanbad                                                                                               | (UA)                                                                                                  | Malappuram                                                                                            | (UA)                                                                                                  | Varanasi                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Durgapur                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  | Malegaon                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  | Vasai- Virar City                                                                                     | (M.Corpn)                                                                                             |
| Durg-Bhilai Nagar                                                                                     | (UA)                                                                                                  | Mangalore                                                                                             | (UA)                                                                                                  | Vijayawada                                                                                            | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Erode                                                                                                 | (UA)                                                                                                  | Meerut                                                                                                | (UA)                                                                                                  | Vishakhapatnam                                                                                        | (M.Corpn)                                                                                             |
| Firozabad                                                                                             |                                                                                                       | Moradabad                                                                                             | (M. Corpn)                                                                                            | Warangal                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Goa                                                                                                   |                                                                                                       | Mysore                                                                                                | (UA)                                                                                                  | Gorakhpur                                                                                             | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| NandedWaghala                                                                                         | (M. Corpn)                                                                                            | GreaterVisakhapatnam                                                                                  | (M.Corpn)                                                                                             | Nasik                                                                                                 | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Gulbarga                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  | Nellore                                                                                               | (UA)                                                                                                  | Guntur                                                                                                | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Panchkula                                                                                             | (UA)                                                                                                  | Guwahati                                                                                              | (UA)                                                                                                  | Patna                                                                                                 | (UA)                                                                                                  |
| Area 'C' will comprise all areas not mentioned in this list. NB: U.A. stands for Urban Agglomeration. | Area 'C' will comprise all areas not mentioned in this list. NB: U.A. stands for Urban Agglomeration. | Area 'C' will comprise all areas not mentioned in this list. NB: U.A. stands for Urban Agglomeration. | Area 'C' will comprise all areas not mentioned in this list. NB: U.A. stands for Urban Agglomeration. | Area 'C' will comprise all areas not mentioned in this list. NB: U.A. stands for Urban Agglomeration. | Area 'C' will comprise all areas not mentioned in this list. NB: U.A. stands for Urban Agglomeration. |