Lok Sabha Question No. 2874 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-08-03
Subject: Rise in Average Temperature
Ministry: EARTH SCIENCES
Asked by: Pallab Lochan Das, Sougata Ray

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES LOKSABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2874 TO BE ANSWERED ON WEDNESDAY, 3RD AUGUST, 022

## RISE IN AVERAGE TEMPERATURE

2874. SHRI PALLAB LOCHAN DAS: PROF. SOUGATA RAY:

Will the Minister of EARTH SCIENCES be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the average temperature during the monsoon season from Jun to Se, tember is rising since the last two decades and if so, the details of rise in average tern eratur in the country, season-wise and region-wise since the last five years;
- monsoon season and if so, the details thereof; (b)
- whether the Celsius of temperature increased gradually and if so, the ste s bei g taken to check ~~~~~; I (c)
- whether this causes rise in sea level and erosion among the coastal lines of the country and if so, the details thereof; and I (d)
- the number of heatwave deaths that has been reported in the country si ,ce th last three years, State-wise? (e)

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARG ) FO MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND EARTH SCIENCES (DR. JITENDRA SINGH)

- (a) Yes Sir. The average temperature during the monsoon season (June to ePte~ber) is found to be rising since the last two decades. The plots of mean temperature fo All I dia, North East India, Central India, Northwest India and South Peninsula during the season £, r the recent two decades are given in Annexure. From the plots, it is clear that there is ~I posit' e trend is mean temperature over all these region during the last two decades in monsoo seas,n.

The mean temperature for all these region for the last five years are give in thf table below:

| Mean Temperature eC) for All India and 4 homogenous region for the recent 5 years during June to September I   | Mean Temperature eC) for All India and 4 homogenous region for the recent 5 years during June to September I   | Mean Temperature eC) for All India and 4 homogenous region for the recent 5 years during June to September I   | Mean Temperature eC) for All India and 4 homogenous region for the recent 5 years during June to September I   | Mean Temperature eC) for All India and 4 homogenous region for the recent 5 years during June to September I   | Mean Temperature eC) for All India and 4 homogenous region for the recent 5 years during June to September I   |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Years                                                                                                          | AI                                                                                                             | NW India                                                                                                       | East & NE India                                                                                                | Central                                                                                                        | Sout r Peninsular                                                                                              |
| 2017                                                                                                           | 28.39                                                                                                          | 28.08                                                                                                          | 28.50                                                                                                          | 28.54                                                                                                          | 28.4~                                                                                                          |
| 2018                                                                                                           | 28.28                                                                                                          | 28.01                                                                                                          | 28.70                                                                                                          | 28.23                                                                                                          | 28.2~                                                                                                          |
| 2019                                                                                                           | 28.60                                                                                                          | 28.52                                                                                                          | 28.80                                                                                                          | 28.74                                                                                                          | 28.46                                                                                                          |
| 2020                                                                                                           | 28.45                                                                                                          | 28.52                                                                                                          | 28.44                                                                                                          | 28.59                                                                                                          | 28.3~                                                                                                          |
| 2021                                                                                                           | 28.36                                                                                                          | 28.26                                                                                                          | 28.55                                                                                                          | 28.38                                                                                                          | 28.3B ,                                                                                                        |

From the details, it is seen that in the short term, there is no such c ear cI trend in mean temperature during monsoon season.

- It is reported that the farming activities were delayed due to the changes in th· rainfall pattern this year. However, centralized data on crop production and fa~ing a tivities are not maintained by this ministry. j (b)
- It is a fact that, annual temperature is increasing globally and the Impact of the same is reflected in the increase in severe weather occurrence in various parts of the globe including India. (c)

IMD issue forecast and warnings related to severe weather events i different spatial and temporal scales and share the same with public as well as disaster mariagemlnt authorities so as to initiate required mitigation measures. I

While issuing the warning suitable colour code is used to bring out t+ imp. ct of the severe weather expected and to signal the Disaster Management about the courfe of aFtion to be taken with respect to impending disaster weather event. Green color corresponds to no warning hence no action is needed, yellow color corresponds to be watchful ard get updated ~nforma~ion,orange color to be alert and be prepared to take action Wherleasrer color signals to take action,

IMD started issuing Impact Based Forecast (IBF) recently which gi e details of what the weather will do rather than what the weather will be. It contains the det1ils of ilmpactsexpected from the severe weather elements and guidelines to general public ab~~t do's ~nd don'ts while getting exposed to severe weather. These guidelines are finalised in cOllfborati n with National Disaster Management Authority (NOMA) and is already implem~nted successfully for cyclone, heat wave, thunderstorm and heavy rainfall. Work is in progress t[ implement the same for other severe weather elements.

- The sea level rise is one of the major impacts of Global warming. Sea I vels have risen globally because of the continental ice melt and thermal expansion of cean~ ~ ater in response to global warming. Sea-level rise in the North Indian Ocean (NIO) occlurred t a rate of 1.061.75 mm per year during 1874-2004 and has accelerated to 3.3 mm perl!'ear i the last two and a.half decades (1993-2017), which is comparable to the current rate or glob I mean sea-level nse, (d)
- The State-wise details of deaths due heatwave for 2019 to 1 ih J ly 20 2 are given in Annexure II based on newspaper reports. (e)

## Annexure-I

Fig 1 show the Mean Temperature trend during monsoon season for the recen 2 de ades for All India and 4 homogenous regions

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## Details of state wise deaths due to heat wavefrom 2017 to 17 Jl JlY2

Annexure-If 022

| StatelY ears           | 2017   | 2018   | 2019   | 2020   | 20 1                           | 2022   |
|------------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------------------------------|--------|
| Andhra Pradesh         | 236    |        | 45     |        | No deaths re~orted due to Heat |        |
| Arunachal Pradesh      |        |        |        |        |                                |        |
| Assam                  |        |        |        |        |                                |        |
| Bihar                  |        |        | 293    | 2      |                                |        |
| Chhattisgarh           |        | 2      |        |        |                                | 1      |
| Gujarat                |        |        |        |        |                                |        |
| Himachal Pradesh       |        |        |        |        |                                |        |
| Jammu & Kashmir        |        |        |        |        |                                |        |
| Jharkhand              | 4      | 3      | 13     |        |                                | 1      |
| Kamataka               |        |        |        |        |                                |        |
| Kerala                 |        | 1      | 14     | 1      |                                |        |
| Ladakh                 |        |        |        |        |                                |        |
| Madhya Pradesh         |        |        |        |        |                                |        |
| Maharashtra            | 16     | 16     | 53     | 6      |                                | 13     |
| Manipur                |        |        |        |        |                                |        |
| Meghalaya              |        |        |        |        |                                | lVave  |
| NagaJand               |        |        |        |        |                                |        |
| Odisha                 | 17     |        | 9      | 16     |                                | 9      |
| Punjab                 |        |        |        |        |                                |        |
| Rajasthan              |        | 2      | 3      |        |                                |        |
| Tamil Nadu             |        |        |        |        |                                |        |
| Telangana              | 100    |        | 66     |        |                                |        |
| Union Territory- Delhi |        |        |        |        |                                |        |
| Uttar Pradesh          |        | 9      | 9      |        |                                |        |
| West Bengal            | 2      |        |        |        |                                |        |
| Grand Total            | 375    | 33     | 505    | 25     |                                | 24     |

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