Lok Sabha Question No. 162 (STARRED), answered on 2021-02-12
Subject: Global Position in Innovations and Publications
Ministry: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Asked by: Shrirang Appa Barne, Bidyut Baran Mahato

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LOK SABHA

## STARRED QUESTION NO. 162

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 12.02.2021

## GLOBAL POSITION IN INNOVATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS

## *162    SHRI SHRIRANG APPA BARNE:

## SHRI BIDYUT BARAN MAHATO:

Will the Minister of SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY वान और ौयोगक मंी be pleased to state:

- (a) whether it is a fact that India's global position has improved both in innovations and publications, if so, the details in this regard;
- (b) whether the combination of scientific excellence and innovation has been made possible by encouraging investments in scientific activities, infrastructure as well as manpower development and if so, the details thereof;
- (c) the details of funds allocated, released and utilised for encouraging  innovations,  scientific  activities,  infrastructure,  etc. during each of the last three years;
- (d) the details of the patents filed during the said period, State/UT-wise; and
- (e) the  extent  to  which  the  start-up  India  mission  has  given  a boost to convert these patentable innovations ideas into start-ups during the period, State/UT-wise?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE; MINISTER OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; AND MINISTER EARTH SCIENCES (DR. HARSH VARDHAN)

वाय और परवार कयाण मंी , वान और ौयोगक मंी और पृवी वान मंी ( डॉ. हष वधन )

(a) to (e) : A statement is laid on the Table of the House.

STATEMENT  AS  REFERRED  IN  REPLY  TO  PARTS  (a)  TO  (e)  OF  LOK  SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 162 FOR 12.02.2021 REGARDING 'GLOBAL POSITION IN INNOVATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS'

- (a) Yes  Sir.  India's  global  position  both  in  innovations  and  publications  has seen  a  rising  trend  over  the  years.  As  per  Global  Innovation  Index  (GII)  2020, India's GII ranking has improved significantly to 48 in  2020 from 81 in 2015.  India makes it to top 50 in GII ranking for the first time in 2020. In terms of scientific publications,  India  ranked  3 rd   in  2018  as  compared  to  6 th   in  2014,  as  per  the National Science foundation (NSF) USA 2020.
- (b) The Ministry of Science and technology is implementing various schemes and programmes to promote Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) ecosystem and  to  reach  out  to  various  cross  sections  of  the  society  in  the  country  by providing  support  to  Research  and  Development,  Human  Capacity  Building, Innovation, Technology, Development and Deployment for Socio  Economic Development. This has resulted in a creation of a vast network S&T Institutions across the country with a combination of scientific excellence and innovation.   Some  of  the  noteworthy  schemes  and  programmes  of  the  Ministry are:
- i. Fund for Improvement of S&T Infrastructure (FIST)
- ii. Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facilities (SAIF)
- iii. Intensification of Research in High Priority Areas (IRHPA)
- iv. Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research (INSPIRE)
- v. Women  Scientist  Scheme  (WOS)  and  Biotechnology  Career  Advancement  & Reorientation Programme (BioCARE)
- vi. Technology Business Incubators (TBI)
- vii. National Initiative for Development and Harnessing Innovations (NIDHI)
- viii. Technology Mission Initiative
- ix. State Science and Technology Programme (SSTP)
- x. Science and Society Programme (SSP)
- xi. Scheduled Caste Sub Plan (SCSP) and Tribal Sub Plan (TSP)
- xii. Visiting  Advanced Joint Research (VAJRA) Faculty Scheme for distinguished overseas  scientists  and  academicians  including  Non-Resident  Indians  (NRIs) and Overseas Citizens of India (OCIs),
- xiii. Overseas  Visiting  Doctoral  Fellowship  (OVDF),  Prime  Minister's  research fellowships,
- xiv. Teacher  Associate-ship  for  Research  Excellence  (TARE)  and  Distinguished Investigator Award (DIA),
- xv. Department  of  Bio-Technology-The  World  Academy  of  Sciences  (DBT-TWAS) International fellowships
- xvi. Mission Programme on Characterization of Genetic Resources
- xvii. National Supercomputing Mission (NSM)
- xviii. National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS)
- xix. Due to implementation of these schemes and programmes:
- xx. India  ranks  3 rd   in  number  of  PhD  degrees  awarded  (24,474)  in  Science  and Engineering.
- xxi. India  ranks  3 rd   in  terms  of  number  of  papers  (1,35,788)  published  in  Science and Engineering (2018) as per National Science Foundation (NSF) database.

- xxii. The Gross expenditure on R&D (GERD) in the country has been consistently increasing over the  years  and  has  nearly  tripled  from  Rs.  39,437.77  crore  in 2007-  08  to  Rs.  1,13,825.03  crore  in  2017-18.  It  is  estimated  to  be  Rs. 1,23,847.70 crore in 2018-19.
- xxiii. India  occupies  6th  position  in  terms  of  GERD  (in  billion  PPP$)  far  ahead  of France, UK, Brazil, Russia, Italy, Canada, Spain, Australia, etc as per UNESCO Statistics
- xxiv. India ranks 8 th  in patent filed by resident scientists/innovators from respective country as per WIPO Statistics.
- xxv. Gender participation in R&D has increased to 16.6% (2018) from 13.9 % (2016).
- xxvi. Number of researchers per million has increased to 255 in 2017 as compared to 110 in 2000.
- xxvii. Numerous  state-of-the-art research facilities have been created across country in more than 600 academic Institutes and PG College benefitting more than 1 lakh researchers.
- xxviii. More than 14 lakh school students were engaged under INSPIRE program.
- xxix. More than 45,000 scholarship /fellowship were given under INSPIRE, CSIR-NET and HRD Schemes of DBT.
- xxx. More than 2,500 young scientists were supported under National Postdoctoral Fellowships,  INSPIRE  Faculty  Programme  and  Scheme  for  Young  Scientists and Technologists (SYST).
- xxxi. More  than  50  accomplished  overseas  scientists  have  been  identified  for collaborative research visits under Visiting Advanced Joint Research (VAJRA) programme.
- xxxii. 4 STI Hubs for tribal population and & 7  STI hubs for SC Population have been established for socio-economic development of disadvantaged section of the society.
- xxxiii. More  than  150  Technology  Business  Incubators  (TBI),  50  Bio-incubators, nearly 3800 entrepreneurs were supported under Innovation and Entrepreneurship development programmes  of DST & DBT  and it has generated more than 60,000 jobs in last five years.

In addition, the Government has announcement in the budget for FY 202122   an  allocation  of  Rs  50,000  crore  over  5  years  for  the  National  Research Foundation  (NRF),  autonomous  body  envisaged  to  support  researchers  working across several streams of S&T especially in Universities.  Besides this Rs 4000 crore has also been allocated for Deep Ocean Mission over five years.

- (c) The details  of  funds  allocated  and  utilized  under  Ministry  of  Science  and Technology for encouraging innovations, scientific activities, infrastructure, etc. during 2017-18 to 2020-21 is at Annexure I.
- (d) The details of patents filed by the Indian applicants during 2017-18 to 201920, State/UT-wise is at Annexure II.
- (e) The Startup India Mission, since its launch in 2016, has provided boost to innovators/startups in converting their ideas into patentable innovations. A total of  3683  patent  applications  were  filed  by  the  Indian  startups  during  2016-17  to 2019-20. The State/UT-wise details is at Annexure III.

******

## Annexure I

## Funds allocated and utilized under Ministry of Science and Technology

|            | (Rs. in Crore)   | (Rs. in Crore)   | (Rs. in Crore)   | (Rs. in Crore)   | (Rs. in Crore)   | (Rs. in Crore)   | (Rs. in Crore)   |
|------------|------------------|------------------|------------------|------------------|------------------|------------------|------------------|
| Department | 2017-18          | 2017-18          | 2018-19          | 2018-19          | 2019-20          | 2019-20          | 2020-21          |
|            | Allocated        | Utilized         | Allocated        | Utilized         | Allocated        | Utilized         | Allocated        |
| DST        | 4726.71          | 4595.73          | 5114.79          | 4912.54          | 5480.93          | 5453.03          | 5012.10          |
| DSIR/ CSIR | 4629.70          | 4618.83          | 4572.84          | 4548.78          | 4883.24          | 4872.51          | 4251.86          |
| DBT        | 2260.11          | 2331.42          | 2411.53          | 2379.10          | 2381.10          | 2358.77          | 2300.00          |
| Total      | 11616.52         | 11545.98         | 12099.16         | 11840.42         | 12745.27         | 12684.31         | 11563.96         |

Source: Demands for Grants of Central Government, Expenditure Budget, GoI (various Years)

Note:1. DST- Department of Science and Technology

2. DSIR/CSIR- Department of scientific & Industrial Research / Council of Scientific Research.

3. DBT- Department of Bio-Technology

4. Allocated funds - Revised Estimates (RE); Utilized funds - Actual Expenditure.

## Patents filed by the Indian applicants, State/UT-wise during 2017-18 to 2019-20

| State/Union Territory   |   2017-18 |   2018-19 |   (Number) 2019-20 |
|-------------------------|-----------|-----------|--------------------|
| Andaman & Nicobar       |         3 |         2 |                  4 |
| Andhra Pradesh          |       276 |       323 |                484 |
| Arunachal Pradesh       |         5 |         5 |                  9 |
| Assam                   |        71 |       109 |                102 |
| Bihar                   |        63 |        49 |                 50 |
| Chandigarh              |        33 |        76 |                171 |
| Chhattisgarh            |        50 |        42 |                 77 |
| Dadra and Nagar Haveli  |         0 |         2 |                  1 |
| Daman & Diu             |         4 |         2 |                  5 |
| Delhi                   |      1434 |      1322 |               1440 |
| Goa                     |        22 |        44 |                 37 |
| Gujarat                 |       712 |       868 |                885 |
| Haryana                 |       449 |       520 |                672 |
| Himachal Pradesh        |       110 |       193 |                141 |
| Jammu & Kashmir         |        34 |        40 |                 45 |
| Jharkhand               |       168 |       161 |                185 |
| Karnataka               |      2022 |      2185 |               2230 |
| Kerala                  |       312 |       277 |                361 |
| Madhya Pradesh          |       191 |       195 |                285 |
| Maharashtra             |      3820 |      4257 |               4741 |
| Manipur                 |         1 |         7 |                 12 |
| Meghalaya               |         4 |         6 |                 16 |
| Mizoram                 |         0 |        25 |                 11 |
| Nagaland                |         3 |         5 |                  3 |
| Orissa                  |       166 |       164 |                301 |
| Pondicherry             |        24 |        55 |                 59 |
| Punjab                  |       247 |       661 |               1435 |
| Rajasthan               |       190 |       305 |                273 |
| Sikkim                  |         4 |         4 |                  7 |
| Tamil Nadu              |      2742 |      2391 |               3546 |
| Telangana               |       999 |      1045 |               1239 |
| Tripura                 |         4 |         9 |                 20 |
| Uttar Pradesh           |       721 |       972 |               1176 |
| Uttaranchal             |       128 |       155 |                209 |
| West Bengal             |       538 |       529 |                612 |
| TOTAL                   |     15550 |     17005 |              20844 |

Source: Indian Patent Office, Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks. Department of Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), GoI.

## Patent applications filed by the Indian Startups, State/UT-wise during 2016-17 to 2019-20

(Number)

| Applicant_ State   |   FY_2016-17 |   FY_2017-18 |   FY_2018-19 |   FY_2019-20 |
|--------------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
| Andaman & Nicobar  |            0 |            0 |            0 |            0 |
| Andhra Pradesh     |            5 |           10 |           13 |           15 |
| Assam              |            1 |            3 |            2 |            2 |
| Bihar              |            1 |            0 |            0 |            5 |
| Chandigarh         |            0 |            0 |           21 |           89 |
| Chattisgarh        |            0 |            2 |            3 |            6 |
| Daman & Diu        |            0 |            0 |            1 |            2 |
| Delhi              |           23 |           83 |           70 |          107 |
| Goa                |            1 |            0 |            8 |            2 |
| Gujarat            |            4 |           37 |           29 |           53 |
| Haryana            |            3 |           27 |           23 |           54 |
| Himachal Pradesh   |            0 |            0 |            0 |            3 |
| Jammu & Kashmir    |            0 |            0 |            4 |            4 |
| Jharkhand          |            1 |            1 |            2 |            1 |
| Karnataka          |           44 |          217 |          248 |          317 |
| Kerala             |            3 |           12 |           19 |           26 |
| Madhya Pradesh     |            1 |            5 |            7 |           13 |
| Maharashtra        |           33 |          138 |          217 |          774 |
| Orissa             |            3 |            3 |            6 |           13 |
| Pondicherry        |            0 |            1 |            4 |            2 |
| Punjab             |            6 |            2 |            7 |           22 |
| Rajasthan          |            6 |            6 |            9 |           11 |
| Tamil Nadu         |           38 |           68 |           86 |          138 |
| Telangana          |           22 |           46 |           83 |           95 |
| Uttar Pradesh      |            6 |           26 |           67 |           52 |
| Uttarakhand        |            1 |            1 |            0 |            4 |
| West Bengal        |            5 |           16 |           19 |           14 |
| Total              |          207 |          704 |          948 |         1824 |

Source: Indian Patent Office, Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks.

Department of Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), GoI.