Lok Sabha Question No. 1857 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-12-19
Subject: United Nation’s Conference of Parties
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: P.R. Natarajan, K. Subbarayan

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST, AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1857 TO BE ANSWERED ON 19.12.2022

## United Nation's Conference of Parties

## 1857.      SHRI NATARAJAN P.R.: SHRI SUBBARAYAN K.:

Will  the  Minister  of  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND  CLIMATE  CHANGE  be  pleased  to state:

- (a) whether India had attended the UN Climate Conference (COP 27) held in Egypt recently;
- (b) if so, the details of the discussions took place and India's stand on the different subjects discussed therein along with the outcome of the said Conference therewith;
- (c) whether it reaffirmed to the Paris agreement 2015 to ensure the rise in temperature does not exceed 2 degree celsius;
- (d) the  details  of  decision  on  the  reduction  of  greenhouse  gases  and  on  the  extending  of financial support for developing countries; and
- (e) whether the  India  adopted  the  stand  in  the  last  COP  in  Glasgow  and  if  so,  the  details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

(SHRI ASHWINI KUMAR CHOUBEY)

(a)and (b)An inter-Ministerial delegation from India attended the 27 th session of Conference of Parties (COP 27) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The Parties at the Conference came together to advance on global collective action on mitigation, adaptation,  loss  and  damage,  climate  finance,  etc.  with  a  view  to  achieve  the  goals  under  the UNFCCC and its Paris Agreement.

India  emphasized  the  necessity  to  adhere  to  the  principles  of  UNFCCC  and  Paris Agreement, which include inter-alia , equity, principle of common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR-RC) and respective capabilities and that developed countries must take lead in climate action as well as the provision of climate finance and technology transfer. This effort was undertaken also jointly with several other developing country partners and groups. As a consequence, these principles are reflected extensively in the 'Sharm El-Sheikh Implementation Plan' and other decisions of COP27.

COP 27 has been termed as an 'Implementation COP'. Major outcomes of COP 27 interalia include decision on establishing a loss & damage fund and work programs for mitigation, just  transition  and  climate  action  in  agriculture.  India's  efforts  included  focusing  on  equity, mainstreaming national circumstances and concerns for adaptation in  agriculture, the need  for equity  while  pursuing  any  specific  results  on  global  peaking,  net  zero  and  emission  reduction targets, supporting fair shares of the global carbon budget and for funding arrangements for loss and  damage.  India's  efforts  also  led  to  inclusion  of  reference  to  the  need  for  transition  to sustainable  lifestyles  together  with  sustainable  patterns  of  production  and  consumption  in  the cover decision titled 'Sharm El-Sheikh Implementation Plan'. At COP 27, India's negotiations were based on foundational principle of equity and the best available science to draw developed countries'  attention  to  their  unfulfilled  commitments.  The  G77+China  which  represents  more than 80% of the world population united to produce just and equitable outcomes. In the COP 26 and COP 27, India contributed to decisions that have explicitly made unprecedented expressions of regret and concern at the failure of developed countries to meet their commitments in climate finance.

(c) In the cover decision titled Sharm El-Sheikh Implementation Plan; countries have reaffirmed the Paris Agreement temperature goal of holding the increase in the global average temperature to  well  below  2  °C  above  pre-industrial  levels  and  pursuing  efforts  to  limit  the  temperature increase to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change.

(d) and (e) India's position is reflected in decisions relating to reduction of greenhouse gases and extending  financial  support  to  developing  countries.  The  decision  on  'matters  relating  to  the work programme for urgently  scaling  up  mitigation  ambition'  emphasizes  the  urgent  need  to increase efforts to collectively reduce emissions through accelerated action and implementation of domestic mitigation measures. In this context, the decision recalls relevant provisions of the Paris Agreement including obligations on the part of the developed countries to take the lead by undertaking  economy-wide  absolute  emission  reduction  targets  and  provide  support  to  the developing countries.

The 'Sharm El-Sheikh Implementation Plan' inter-alia urges the developed countries to provide  enhanced  support,  including  through  financial  resources,  technology  transfer  and capacity-building,  to  assist  developing  country  Parties  with  respect  to  both  mitigation  and adaptation, in continuation of their existing obligations under the Convention.

*****