Lok Sabha Question No. 3886 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-03-25
Subject: Status of Women and Children suffering from Anaemia
Ministry: HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
Asked by: Nusrat Jahan Ruhi, Ganesh Singh

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO 3886 TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 25 th  MARCH, 2022

## STATUS OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN SUFFERING FROM ANAEMIA

## 3886. SHRIMATI NUSRAT JAHAN RUHI: SHRI GANESH SINGH:

Will the Minister of HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE be pleased to state :

- a) current status of women and child suffering from Anaemia in our country;
- b) whether  the  percentage  of  Anaemia  in  women  and  child  increased  in  the  country during the last five years, State/UT-wise details thereof;
- c) whether the Government has taken any action in this regard, if so, the details thereof and if not the reasons therefor;
- d) whether it is a fact that the health of women and children is a matter of concern for the Government  as  more  than  half  of  them  are  anaemic  and  a  major  part  of  them  are suffering from malnutrition;
- e) whether as per the National Family Survey-5, the Status of anaemia among girls has actually increased to 59 percent in 2019-21 as compared to 54 percent in 2015-16; and
- f) whether most of the household chores are done by women and they face the threat tropical diseases like lymphatic filariasis and often they do not even get timely health care and remain subjected to the wishes of their husbands or guardian and if so, the details thereof in this regard?

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY

## ANSWER WELFARE (DR. BHARATI PRAVIN PAWAR)

- (a) to (e) As per data from National Family Health Survey 5, 67.1% under five children, 59.1%  adolescent  girls  (15-19  years),57.0  %  women  aged  15-49  years  and  52.2%  of pregnant women are suffering from anaemia in our country. State/UT-wise prevalence of anaemia in under five children, adolescent girls(15-19 years),women aged 15-49 years and pregnant women as  per National Family Health Survey (NFHS 4 and 5)  are placed at Annexure.

As per NFHS 5, 32.1% of under five children are underweight.

The Government of India has launched the Anemia Mukt Bharat (AMB) - 6x6x6 strategy which  implies  six  age  groups,  six  interventions  and  six  institutional  mechanisms.  The strategy focuses on ensuring supply chain, demand generation and strong monitoring using the dashboard for addressing anaemia, both due to nutritional and non-nutritional causes.

-  The  Six  target  groups  are:  i)  children  6-59  months,  ii)  children  5-9  years,  iii) adolescent girls and boys aged 10-19 years, iv) women in reproductive age (15- 49 years), v) pregnant women and vi) lactating women.
-  The six interventions under AMB strategy are : i) Prophylactic Iron and Folic Acid supplementation, ii) Deworming, iii) Intensified year-round Behaviour Change Communication Campaign, iv) Test and treat using digital method  & point of care , v) Provision  of  Iron  and  Folic  Acid  fortified  foods  in  public  health  programmes,  vi) Addressing non-nutritional causes of anemia.

 The six institutional mechanisms  include: i) Intra-ministerial coordination, ii) National  Anemia  Mukt  Bharat  Unit,  iii)  National  Centre  of  Excellence  and  Advanced Research  on  Anemia  Control,  iv)  Convergence  with  other  ministries,  v)  Strengthening supply chain and logistics vi) Anemia Mukt Bharat Dashboard and Digital Portal.

Operational  guidelines,  training  and  social  behavior  change  communication  (SBCC) material have been developed and shared with the States &  UTs  for effective implementation of this strategy. All the States and UTs have initiated activities regarding implementation of AMB  namely prophylactic Iron folic acid supplementation, identification of anaemic cases, referral & treatment.

Under National Health Mission, financial support is provided to the States and UTs for effective  implementation  of  interventions  under  AMB  strategy  based  on  proposals submitted through their respective annual Programme  Implementation  Plan (PIP). Sufficient funds are made available to the States/UTs for carrying out activities pertaining to reduction of anaemia.

(f)    Lymphatic Filariasis is a vector borne disease endemic in 328 districts of 20 States /Union  Territories.  The  control  of  Lymphatic  Filariasis  is  implemented  through  the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme.

-  The  Government  of  India  has  taken  various  initiatives  to  ensure  empowerment  of women  and  girls  through  their  social,  educational,  economic  and  political  upliftment. Various schemes and programmes are implemented by the Government to make them selfreliant and minimize their dependency on others, such as Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY),Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) Scheme,One Stop Centre (OSC) and Universalisation  of  Women  Helpline,  Swadhar  Greh  Scheme,Ujjawala  Scheme,Mahila Shakti Kendra (MSK).
-  The Government of India has also decided to implement the Umbrella  Scheme for Safety,  Security  and  Empowerment  of  Women  as  an  integrated  women  empowerment program under the name 'Mission Shakti', for addressing the issues of women on a lifecycle  continuum  basis  and  for  making  them  equal  partners  in  nation-building  through convergence at different levels of governance and a participative approach.

## India and State / UT-wise Anaemia Prevalence in Children and women: NFHS4 (2015-16) vs. NFHS-5 (2019- 21)

| S no.   | State/UT                  | NFHS   | Children age 6-59 months who are anaemic (<11.0 g/dl) (%)   | Non- pregnant women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (<12.0 g/dl) (%)   | Pregnant women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (<11.0 g/dl) (%)   | All women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (%)   | Adolescent girls age 15-19 years who are anaemic (%)   |
|---------|---------------------------|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|
|         | India                     | NFHS-5 | 67.1                                                        | 57.2                                                                   | 52.2                                                              | 57                                              | 59.1                                                   |
|         | India                     | NFHS-4 | 58.6                                                        | 53.2                                                                   | 50.4                                                              | 53.1                                            | 54.1                                                   |
| 1       | Andaman & Nicobar Islands | NFHS-5 | 40                                                          | 57.6                                                                   | 53.7                                                              | 57.5                                            | 44.9                                                   |
| 1       | Andaman & Nicobar Islands | NFHS-4 | 49                                                          | 65.8                                                                   | 61.4                                                              | 65.7                                            | 68.1                                                   |
| 2       | Andhra                    | NFHS-5 | 63.2                                                        | 59                                                                     | 53.7                                                              | 58.8                                            | 60.1                                                   |
| 2       | Pradesh                   | NFHS-4 | 58.6                                                        | 60.2                                                                   | 52.9                                                              | 60                                              | 61.1                                                   |
| 3       | Assam                     | NFHS-5 | 68.4                                                        | 66.4                                                                   | 54.2                                                              | 65.9                                            | 67                                                     |
| 3       | Assam                     | NFHS-4 | 35.7                                                        | 46.1                                                                   | 44.8                                                              | 46                                              | 42.7                                                   |
| 4       | Bihar                     | NFHS-5 | 69.4                                                        | 63.6                                                                   | 63.1                                                              | 63.5                                            | 65.7                                                   |
| 4       | Bihar                     | NFHS-4 | 63.5                                                        | 60.4                                                                   | 58.3                                                              | 60.3                                            | 61                                                     |
| 5       | DNH& DD                   | NFHS-5 | 75.8                                                        | 62.6                                                                   | 60.7                                                              | 62.5                                            | 63.9                                                   |
| 5       | DNH& DD                   | NFHS-4 | 82                                                          | 73.4                                                                   | 62.3                                                              | 72.9                                            | 75.9                                                   |
| 6       | Goa                       | NFHS-5 | 53.2                                                        | 38.9                                                                   | 41                                                                | 39                                              | 44.5                                                   |
| 6       | Goa                       | NFHS-4 | 48.3                                                        | 31.4                                                                   | 26.7                                                              | 31.3                                            | 30.5                                                   |
| 7       | Gujarat                   | NFHS-5 | 79.7                                                        | 65.1                                                                   | 62.6                                                              | 65                                              | 69                                                     |
| 7       | Gujarat                   | NFHS-4 | 62.6                                                        | 55.1                                                                   | 51.3                                                              | 54.9                                            | 56.5                                                   |
| 8       | Himachal                  | NFHS-5 | 55.4                                                        | 53.4                                                                   | 42.2                                                              | 53                                              | 53.2                                                   |
| 8       | Pradesh                   | NFHS-4 | 53.7                                                        | 53.6                                                                   | 50.4                                                              | 53.5                                            | 52.7                                                   |
|         | Jammu&                    | NFHS-5 | 72.7                                                        | 67.3                                                                   | 44.1                                                              | 65.9                                            | 76.2                                                   |
| 9       | Kashmir                   | NFHS-4 | 53.8                                                        | 49                                                                     | 46.9                                                              | 48.9                                            | 49.9                                                   |
| 10      | Karnataka                 | NFHS-5 | 65.5                                                        | 47.8                                                                   | 45.7                                                              | 47.8                                            | 49.4                                                   |
|         | Kerala                    | NFHS-4 | 60.9                                                        | 44.8                                                                   | 45.4                                                              | 44.8                                            | 45.3                                                   |
|         |                           | NFHS-5 | 39.4                                                        | 36.5                                                                   | 31.4                                                              | 36.3                                            | 32.5                                                   |
| 11      |                           | NFHS-4 | 35.7                                                        | 34.7                                                                   | 22.6                                                              | 34.3                                            | 37.8                                                   |
|         | Lakshadweep               | NFHS-5 | 43.1                                                        | 26                                                                     | 20.9                                                              | 25.8                                            | 31.4                                                   |
| 12      | Lakshadweep               | NFHS-4 | 53.6                                                        | 46.3                                                                   | 39                                                                | 46                                              | 59                                                     |
| 14      | Ladakh                    | NFHS-5 | 92.5                                                        | 93.7                                                                   | 78.1                                                              | 92.8                                            | 96.9                                                   |
| 14      | Ladakh                    | NFHS-4 | 91.4                                                        | 78.4                                                                   | 79.3                                                              | 78.4                                            | 81.6                                                   |
|         | Maharashtra               | NFHS-5 | 68.9                                                        | 54.5                                                                   | 45.7                                                              | 54.2                                            | 57.2                                                   |
|         | Maharashtra               | NFHS-4 |                                                             |                                                                        |                                                                   |                                                 |                                                        |
| 15      |                           |        | 53.8                                                        | 47.9                                                                   | 49.3                                                              | 48                                              | 49.7                                                   |
| 15      |                           | NFHS-5 | 45.1                                                        | 54.4                                                                   | 45                                                                | 53.8                                            | 52.5                                                   |
| 16      | Meghalaya                 | NFHS-4 | 48                                                          | 56.4                                                                   | 53.3                                                              | 56.2                                            | 52.1                                                   |
| 16      | Meghalaya                 | NFHS-5 | 42.8                                                        | 29.3                                                                   | 32.4                                                              | 29.4                                            | 27.9                                                   |
| 17      | Manipur                   | NFHS-4 | 23.9                                                        | 26.4                                                                   | 26                                                                | 26.4                                            | 21.1                                                   |
| 18      | Mizoram                   | NFHS-5 | 46.4                                                        | 34.8                                                                   | 34                                                                | 34.8                                            | 34.9                                                   |
|         |                           | NFHS-4 | 19.3                                                        | 24.7                                                                   | 27                                                                | 24.8                                            | 21.3                                                   |

| Nagaland      | NFHS-5   |   42.7 |   29.3 | 22.2   |   28.9 |   33.9 |
|---------------|----------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
| Nagaland      | NFHS-4   |   26.4 |   27.7 | 32.7   |   27.9 |   26.3 |
| Sikkim        | NFHS-5   |   56.4 |   42.1 | 40.7   |   42.1 |   46.7 |
|               | NFHS-4   |   55.1 |   35.2 | 23.6   |   34.9 |   48.7 |
| Telangana     | NFHS-5   |   70   |   57.8 | 53.2   |   57.6 |   64.7 |
|               | NFHS-4   |   60.7 |   56.9 | 48.2   |   56.6 |   59.7 |
| Tripura       | NFHS-5   |   64.3 |   67.4 | 61.5   |   67.2 |   67.9 |
|               | NFHS-4   |   48.3 |   54.5 | 54.4   |   54.5 |   52.2 |
| West Bengal   | NFHS-5   |   69   |   71.7 | 62.3   |   71.4 |   70.8 |
|               | NFHS-4   |   54.2 |   62.8 | 53.6   |   62.5 |   62.2 |
| Arunachal     | NFHS-5   |   56.6 |   40.8 | 27.9   |   40.3 |   48.5 |
| Pradesh       | NFHS-4   |   54.2 |   43.5 | 37.8   |   43.2 |   48.2 |
| Chandigarh    | NFHS-5   |   54.6 |   60.1 | *      |   60.3 |   57.7 |
|               | NFHS-4   |   73.1 |   75.9 | *      |   75.9 |   74.7 |
| Chhattisgarh  | NFHS-5   |   67.2 |   61.2 | 51.8   |   60.8 |   61.4 |
|               | NFHS-4   |   41.6 |   47.3 | 41.5   |   47   |   45.5 |
| Nct Of Delhi  | NFHS-5   |   69.2 |   50.2 | 42.2   |   49.9 |   51.6 |
| Nct Of Delhi  | NFHS-4   |   59.7 |   54.7 | 46.1   |   54.3 |   55.1 |
| Haryana       | NFHS-5   |   70.4 |   60.6 | 56.5   |   60.4 |   62.3 |
| Haryana       | NFHS-4   |   71.7 |   63.1 | 55     |   62.7 |   62.7 |
| Jharkhand     | NFHS-5   |   67.5 |   65.7 | 56.8   |   65.3 |   65.8 |
| Jharkhand     | NFHS-4   |   69.9 |   65.3 | 62.6   |   65.2 |   65   |
| Madhya        | NFHS-5   |   72.7 |   54.7 | 52.9   |   54.7 |   58.1 |
| Pradesh       | NFHS-4   |   68.9 |   52.4 | 54.6   |   52.5 |   53.2 |
| Odisha        | NFHS-5   |   64.2 |   64.4 | 61.8   |   64.3 |   65.5 |
| Odisha        | NFHS-4   |   44.6 |   51.2 | 47.6   |   51   |   51   |
| Punjab        | NFHS-5   |   71.1 |   58.8 | 51.7   |   58.7 |   60.3 |
| Punjab        | NFHS-4   |   56.6 |   54   | 42     |   53.5 |   58   |
| Puducherry    | NFHS-5   |   64   |   55.5 | 42.5   |   55.1 |   58.4 |
| Puducherry    | NFHS-4   |   44.9 |   53.4 | 26     |   52.4 |   55   |
| Rajasthan     | NFHS-5   |   71.5 |   54.7 | 46.3   |   54.4 |   59.4 |
| Rajasthan     | NFHS-4   |   60.3 |   46.8 | 46.6   |   46.8 |   49.1 |
| Tamil Nadu    | NFHS-5   |   57.4 |   53.6 | 48.3   |   53.4 |   52.9 |
| Tamil Nadu    | NFHS-4   |   50.7 |   55.4 | 44.4   |   55   |   54.2 |
| Uttar Pradesh | NFHS-5   |   66.4 |   50.6 | 45.9   |   50.4 |   52.9 |
| Uttar Pradesh | NFHS-4   |   63.2 |   52.5 | 51     |   52.4 |   53.7 |
| Uttarakhand   | NFHS-5   |   58.8 |   42.4 | 46.4   |   42.6 |   40.9 |
| Uttarakhand   | NFHS-4   |   59.8 |   45.1 | 46.5   |   45.2 |   46.4 |

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