Lok Sabha Question No. 3742 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-03-23
Subject: Discharge of Water into Sea
Ministry: JAL SHAKTI
Asked by: Kotha Prabhakar  Reddy

## 3742.

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF JAL SHAKTI,

## DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT & GANGA REJUVENATION

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3742

## ANSWERED ON 23.03.2023

## DISCHARGE OF WATER INTO SEA SHRI KOTHA PRABHAKAR REDDY

Will the Minister of JAL SHAKTI be pleased to state:

(a) the details of the rain and flood water discharged into the sea; and

(b) the details regarding the policy decisions taken/proposed to be taken by the Government to strengthen the  embankments  of  the  river(s)  along  the  stretches  where  people  live,  to  minimize  the  impact  of inundation, and address their concerns regarding irrigation projects and water levels, State/UT-wise?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR JAL SHAKTI

( SHRI BISHWESWAR TUDU

## )

(a) The details of average decadal flow as observed by Central Water Commission through its network of hydrological observations stations on the terminal sites of major Rivers in India which may be taken as water flowing into the sea, during the  period 2001 to 2021 is at Annexure-I.

(b) Flood  management  including  erosion  control  falls  within  the  purview  of  the  States.  Flood management/anti-erosion projects including construction of embankments are formulated and implemented by concerned State Governments as per their priority. The Union Government supplements the  efforts  of  the  States  by  providing  technical  guidance  and  also  promotional  financial  assistance  for management of floods in critical areas. Flood management measures are broadly categorized as Structural Measures  and  Non-Structural  Measures.  Integrated  flood  approach  aims  at  adopting  judicious  mix  of structural and non-structural measures to provide a reasonable degree of protection against flood damages at economic cost.

To  strengthen  the  structural  measures  of  flood  management,  Ministry  had  implemented  Flood Management Programme (FMP) during XI  &  XII  Plan  for  providing  Central  Assistance  to  States  for works  related  to  flood  management,  anti-erosion,  drainage  development,  anti-sea  erosion,  etc.  which subsequently continued as a component of "Flood Management and Border Areas Programme" (FMBAP) for the period from 2017-18 to 2000-21 and further extended up to September 2022 with limited outlay. So far Central Assistance amounting to Rs. 6977.43 Crores has been released to Union Territories/State Government under FMP component of this Programme since inception. The State-wise details of central assistance  released  during  FY  2019-20  to  2022-23  under  FMP  component  of  this  Programme  are  at

## Annexure-II.

For Non structural measures, Central Water Commission (CWC) is the nodal Organisation entrusted with the task of flood forecasting & early flood warnings in the country. Presently, CWC issues flood forecasts for 333 forecasting stations (199 river level forecast stations & 134 dam/ barrage inflow forecast stations).  These  stations  cover  20  major  river  basins  in  23  States  &  2  Union  Territories.  In  order  to provide  more  lead  time  to  the  local  authorities  to  plan  evacuation  of  people  &  take  other  remedial measures, Central Water Commission (CWC) has developed basin wise flood forecasting model based on rainfall-runoff  mathematical  modelling  for  5  days  advance  flood  forecast  advisory  at  its  forecasting stations.

In  order  to  formulate  the  strategy  for  flood  management  works  in  the  entire  country  and  river management activities and works in the border areas,  a Committee was constituted by NITI Aayog under the chairmanship of Vice Chairman, NITI Aayog and officials from various Departments/ Ministries of Government of India, Experts from the field and Principal Secretaries from States of Jammu & Kashmir, Uttar  Pradesh,  Bihar,  West  Bengal,  Punjab,  Assam,  Arunachal  Pradesh,  Tripura,  Madhya  Pradesh  and Kerala were included as the members of this Committee.

The major recommendations as per report of the above Committee (January, 2021) are-

- o FMBAP scheme to be continued for the period 2021-26, i.e., co-terminus with the period of 15th Finance Commission with the provision of inclusion of new projects for funding under the scheme. The  selection  of  the  schemes  will  be  undertaken  in  consultation  with  NITI  Aayog  and  State Government.
- o Continuous  efforts  to  be  made  towards  modernization  in  collection  of  hydro-meteorological  data, flood forecast formulation and forecast dissemination. Further simplified data dissemination policy for use of data by the States particularly regarding trans-boundary rivers to be developed.
- o Focus  on  scientific  research  in  development  of  Model  based  system  to  forecast  flash  flood  with sufficient lead time will provide a much-needed relief from menace of flash floods.
- o Rule curve/ level for all reservoirs should be prepared & updated accounting change in rainfall trend and  changing  demand  over  the  years  due  to  rapid  increase  of  population,  urbanisation  and industrialisation.  Rule  curves  of  major  reservoirs,  where  flood  cushion  is  not  in-built,  need  to  be reviewed to have some dynamic flood cushion for major part of the flood season.
- o The  long-term  structural  solution  to  floods  lies  in  construction  of  large  storage  reservoirs  which moderate flood peaks by adopting appropriate reservoir operation schedule.
- o To get benefit of flood control, it is essential that tendencies like encroachment of natural detention basins are curbed and these basins are restored to their natural state as a measure for flood control.
- o The projects for interlinking of rivers for diversion of flood water to water scarce areas may be taken up in a time bound manner.
- o The  reclamation  of  the  existing  wetlands/  natural  depressions  should  be  prohibited  by  state governments and they should formulate an action plan for using them for flood moderation.

The  above  recommendations  of  NITI  Aayog  Committee  have  accordingly  been  taken  into consideration  while  preparing  the  proposal  of  continuation  of  FMBAP  for  the  period  2021-26  and formulation of Policies at central level.

ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3742  TO BE ANSWERED IN LOK SABHA ON 23.03.2023 REGARDING 'DISCHARGE OF WATER INTO SEA'

| Details of Average Decadal Flow in Major Rivers in India for the period from 2001 to 2021   | Details of Average Decadal Flow in Major Rivers in India for the period from 2001 to 2021   | Details of Average Decadal Flow in Major Rivers in India for the period from 2001 to 2021   | Details of Average Decadal Flow in Major Rivers in India for the period from 2001 to 2021   | Details of Average Decadal Flow in Major Rivers in India for the period from 2001 to 2021   | Details of Average Decadal Flow in Major Rivers in India for the period from 2001 to 2021   | Details of Average Decadal Flow in Major Rivers in India for the period from 2001 to 2021   | Details of Average Decadal Flow in Major Rivers in India for the period from 2001 to 2021   |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| S. No.                                                                                      | River                                                                                       | Terminal Discharge Observation Station                                                      | State                                                                                       | Year 2001 to 2011                                                                           | Year 2001 to 2011                                                                           | Year 2011 to 2021                                                                           | Year 2011 to 2021                                                                           |
| S. No.                                                                                      | River                                                                                       | Terminal Discharge Observation Station                                                      | State                                                                                       | Average Decadal Flow of River in Cumecs                                                     | Average Decadal Flow of River in Million Cubic Meters (MCM)                                 | Average Decadal Flow of River in Cumecs                                                     | Average Decadal Flow of River in Million Cubic Meters (MCM)                                 |
| 1                                                                                           | Ganga                                                                                       | Farakka                                                                                     | West Bengal                                                                                 | 10002                                                                                       | 315423                                                                                      | 9832                                                                                        | 310062                                                                                      |
| 2                                                                                           | Brahmaputra                                                                                 | Panchratna                                                                                  | Assam                                                                                       | 15333                                                                                       | 483541                                                                                      | 14918                                                                                       | 470454                                                                                      |
| 3                                                                                           | Teesta                                                                                      | Domohani                                                                                    | West Bengal                                                                                 | 676                                                                                         | 21318                                                                                       | 764                                                                                         | 24094                                                                                       |
| 4                                                                                           | Krishna                                                                                     | Wadenpally                                                                                  | Andhra Pradesh                                                                              | 595                                                                                         | 18764                                                                                       | 412                                                                                         | 12993                                                                                       |
| 5                                                                                           | Godavari                                                                                    | Polavaram                                                                                   | Andhra Pradesh                                                                              | 2563                                                                                        | 80827                                                                                       | 2734                                                                                        | 86219                                                                                       |
| 6                                                                                           | Mahanadi                                                                                    | Tikrapara                                                                                   | Odisha                                                                                      | 1601                                                                                        | 50489                                                                                       | 1630                                                                                        | 51404                                                                                       |
| 7                                                                                           | Cauvery                                                                                     | Musiri                                                                                      | Tamilnadu                                                                                   | 221                                                                                         | 6969                                                                                        | 138                                                                                         | 4352                                                                                        |
| 8                                                                                           | Brahmani                                                                                    | Jenapur                                                                                     | Odisha                                                                                      | 517                                                                                         | 16304                                                                                       | 523                                                                                         | 16493                                                                                       |
| 9                                                                                           | Subernrekha                                                                                 | Ghatshila                                                                                   | Jharkhand                                                                                   | 212                                                                                         | 6686                                                                                        | 233                                                                                         | 7348                                                                                        |
| 10                                                                                          | Narmada                                                                                     | Garudeshwar                                                                                 | Gujarat                                                                                     | 601                                                                                         | 18953                                                                                       | 740                                                                                         | 23337                                                                                       |
| 11                                                                                          | Baitarni                                                                                    | Anandpur                                                                                    | Odisha                                                                                      | 138                                                                                         | 4352                                                                                        | 332                                                                                         | 10470                                                                                       |
| 12                                                                                          | Mahi                                                                                        | Khanpur                                                                                     | Gujarat                                                                                     | 144                                                                                         | 4541                                                                                        | 173                                                                                         | 5456                                                                                        |
| 13                                                                                          | Sabarmati                                                                                   | Voutha                                                                                      | Gujarat                                                                                     | 84                                                                                          | 2649                                                                                        | 68                                                                                          | 2144                                                                                        |

Note: Year has been taken as Water Year from June to May

## ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (b) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3742  TO  BE  ANSWERED  IN  LOKSABHA  ON  23.03.2023  REGARDING  'DISCHARGE  OF WATER INTO SEA'

Central Assistance to States under FMP component of FMBAP during the last three Financial Years

|   S. No. | States           | Funds released during FY:2019-20 (in Cr.)   | Funds released during FY:2020-21 (in Cr.)   | Funds released during FY:2021-22 (in Cr.)   | Funds released during FY:2022-23 (in Cr.) Till date   |
|----------|------------------|---------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|
|        1 | Assam            | 85.03                                       | -                                           | 14.80                                       | 214.01                                                |
|        2 | Himachal Pradesh | 176.41                                      | 11.87                                       | 6.35                                        | -                                                     |
|        3 | Jammu &Kashmir   | 92.74                                       | 10.14                                       | 116.79                                      | -                                                     |
|        4 | Manipur          | -                                           | -                                           | 52.38                                       | 76.63                                                 |
|        5 | Odisha           |                                             | 15.785                                      | 2.51                                        | -                                                     |
|        6 | Uttar Pradesh    | 39.15                                       | -                                           |                                             | -                                                     |
|        7 | Uttarakhand      | 35.58                                       | -                                           | 2.77                                        | -                                                     |
|        8 | West Bengal      | 117.12                                      | -                                           | 44.15                                       | -                                                     |

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