Lok Sabha Question No. 444 (STARRED), answered on 2023-04-03
Subject: Status of Girls Education in India
Ministry: Education
Asked by: Sumalatha Ambareesh

## GOVERNMENTOF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION

## LOK SABHA

## STARRED QUESTION No-444 ANSWERED ON 03/04/2023

## Status of Girls Education in India

## *444. SHRIMATI SUMALATHA AMBAREESH :

Will the Minister of EDUCATION be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has any data regarding the status of girls education in the country, if so, the details thereof, State-wise/district-wise including Karnataka;
- (b) whether the Government has any data regarding the higher education enrolment ratio of girls in the country including Karnataka, if so, the details thereof; and
- (c) the approximate percentage of girls enrolled in higher education sector who find placements and jobs in the country, State-wise?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF EDUCATION (SHRI DHARMENDRA PRADHAN)

- (a) to (c) A statement is laid on the table of the House.

## STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (A) TO (C) OF LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 444 ANSWERED ON 3 rd APRIL, 2023 REGARDING STATUS OF GIRLS EDUCATION IN INDIA ASKED BY SHRIMATI SUMALATHA AMBAREESH, HON'BLE MP:

(a) & (b) Yes Sir. The Unified District Information System for Education Plus (UDISE+) and All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) are two of the sources for data collection on School Education and Higher Education respectively. State-wise Enrolment of Girls in School Education and District wise Girls Enrolment in Karnataka is at Annexure I. State-wise Female Enrolment and Female Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in Higher Education and District wise Female Enrolment (Higher Education) in Karnataka is at Annexure II.

As per UDISE+, the total enrolment of girls in 2021-22 from primary to higher secondary levels of school education is 12.28 Crore. The girls enrolment in higher secondary has been increased to 1.4 crore in year 2021-22 from 1.2 crore in 2018-19.

As per latest AISHE 2020-21, the female enrolment has increased significantly to 2.01 crore, from 1.57 crore in 2014-15, thus reflecting an 28% increase since 2014-15. Similarly, there has been appreciable increase of 33.62% in the female enrolment in Higher Education in Karnataka, to 12.17 Lakh in 2020-21 from 9.11 Lakh in 2014-15.

A significant achievement for the country is that the Female Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in Higher Education, has overtaken the male GER since 2017-18. Further, the female GER has increased to 27.9 in 2020-21 from 22.9 in 2014-15. Remarkably, Female GER of Karnataka has increased to 37.2 in 2020-21 from 26.7 in 2014-15.

(c) Education is a subject matter of Concurrent list and Educational Institutions are managed by both Central and State Governments. There are many private institutions also. Majority of the Educational Institutions in the country fall under the purview of the State / UT Government. Further, now students have multiple choices/options such as higher studies, research, start-ups, entrepreneurship, etc. and as such placement is not a common function across all institutions. As such, data of placements and jobs of females students in Higher Education is distributed across Institutions and States/UTs.

In this regard, the University Grants Commission (UGC) has facilitated Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) across the country to provide skill-based education under National Skills Qualification Framework (NSQF) which impart vocational and employment oriented education. In order to further improve employability of students including girls students, the UGC has introduced Apprenticeship Embedded Degree programme in the year 2020. The UGC is also implementing two special scholarship / fellowship schemes for single girl child namely (1) 'Post Graduate Indira Gandhi Scholarship for Single Girl Child' (2) 'Savitribai Jyotirao Phule Fellowship for Single Girl Child'.

Similarly, All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) has taken initiatives such as advising technical institutions enter into MoUs with atleast 5 industries for strengthening academia-industry interaction, offering of elective courses in new emerging areas such as Data Science, AI, etc, and mandating of internship for engineering students, etc., to improve the chances of placement for students, including women.

Further, in Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and National Institutes of Technology (NITs), supernumerary seats have been created to enhance participation of women in these institutions, which makes more women job ready.

******

ANNEXURE AS REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (A) & (B) OF LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 444 ANSWERED ON 03.04.2023 ASKED BY HON'BLE MP SHRIMATI SUMALATHA AMBAREESH REGARDING STATUS OF GIRLS EDUCATION IN INDIA

## Enrolment of Girls Students in School Education (Pre-Primary to Higher Secondary), 2021-22

| States/UT                   |     Girls |
|-----------------------------|-----------|
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands |     36325 |
| Andhra Pradesh              |   3966632 |
| Arunachal Pradesh           |    177046 |
| Assam                       |   3824912 |
| Bihar                       |  13418639 |
| Chandigarh                  |    124916 |
| Chhattisgarh                |   2978951 |
| D &NHaveli and Daman &Diu   |     63290 |
| Delhi                       |   2160784 |
| Goa                         |    147955 |
| Gujarat                     |   5383540 |
| Haryana                     |   2729492 |
| Himachal Pradesh            |    684325 |
| Jammu and Kashmir           |   1294730 |
| Jharkhand                   |   3909912 |
| Karnataka                   |   5858267 |
| Kerala                      |   3150928 |
| Ladakh                      |     30125 |
| Lakshadweep                 |      6589 |
| Madhya Pradesh              |   7710880 |
| Maharashtra                 |  10632059 |
| Manipur                     |    340995 |
| Meghalaya                   |    597198 |
| Mizoram                     |    153688 |
| Nagaland                    |    221287 |
| Odisha                      |   3696130 |
| Puducherry                  |    124774 |
| Punjab                      |   2828096 |
| Rajasthan                   |   8215519 |
| Sikkim                      |     67255 |
| Tamil Nadu                  |   6251956 |
| Telangana                   |   3329550 |
| Tripura                     |    354547 |
| Uttar Pradesh               |  22305757 |
| Uttarakhand                 |   1153720 |
| West Bengal                 |   9404483 |
| India                       | 127335252 |

District-wise, Girls Enrolment in School Education (Pre-Primary to Higher Secondary) in Karnataka, 2021-22

| District             |   Girls |
|----------------------|---------|
| BAGALKOT             |  213574 |
| BALLARI              |  146227 |
| BELAGAVI             |  215942 |
| BELAGAVI CHIKKODI    |  275425 |
| BENGALURU RURAL      |   89430 |
| BENGALURU U NORTH    |  394412 |
| BENGALURU U SOUTH    |  610492 |
| BIDAR                |  186029 |
| CHAMARAJANAGARA      |   69520 |
| CHIKKABALLAPURA      |   99901 |
| CHIKKAMANGALURU      |   82566 |
| CHITRADURGA          |  140363 |
| DAKSHINA KANNADA     |  193151 |
| DAVANAGERE           |  153022 |
| DHARWAD              |  191874 |
| GADAG                |  105406 |
| HASSAN               |  127173 |
| HAVERI               |  155213 |
| KALBURGI             |  295277 |
| KODAGU               |   43144 |
| KOLAR                |  127585 |
| KOPPAL               |  158282 |
| MANDYA               |  114389 |
| MYSURU               |  246105 |
| RAICHUR              |  219838 |
| RAMANAGARA           |   79580 |
| SHIVAMOGGA           |  144669 |
| TUMAKURU             |  129836 |
| TUMAKURU MADHUGIRI   |   73889 |
| UDUPI                |   95936 |
| UTTARA KANNADA       |   59531 |
| UTTARA KANNADA SIRSI |   60106 |
| VIJAYANAGARA         |  152155 |
| VIJAYAPURA           |  271636 |
| YADAGIRI             |  136589 |

ANNEXURE AS REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (A) AND (B) OF LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 444 ANSWERED ON 03.04.2023 ASKED BY HON'BLE MP SHRIMATI SUMALATHA AMBAREESH REGARDING STATUS OF GIRLS EDUCATION IN INDIA

State-wise Female Enrolment and Female Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in Higher Education (as per AISHE 2020-21)

| Sl No                                                                                        | State                                                                                        | Female Enrolment                                                                             | Female GER*                                                                                  |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1                                                                                            | Andaman and Nicobar Islands                                                                  | 6431                                                                                         | 27.1                                                                                         |
| 2                                                                                            | Andhra Pradesh                                                                               | 931553                                                                                       | 36                                                                                           |
| 3                                                                                            | Arunachal Pradesh                                                                            | 28270                                                                                        | 32.8                                                                                         |
| 4                                                                                            | Assam                                                                                        | 355108                                                                                       | 18.4                                                                                         |
| 5                                                                                            | Bihar                                                                                        | 1051539                                                                                      | 15.1                                                                                         |
| 6                                                                                            | Chandigarh                                                                                   | 55656                                                                                        | 77                                                                                           |
| 7                                                                                            | Chhattisgarh                                                                                 | 350565                                                                                       | 21.3                                                                                         |
| 8                                                                                            | Delhi                                                                                        | 541422                                                                                       | 48.5                                                                                         |
| 9                                                                                            | Goa                                                                                          | 30881                                                                                        | 37.3                                                                                         |
| 10                                                                                           | Gujarat                                                                                      | 714986                                                                                       | 20.6                                                                                         |
| 11                                                                                           | Haryana                                                                                      | 511346                                                                                       | 33.7                                                                                         |
| 12                                                                                           | Himachal Pradesh                                                                             | 156389                                                                                       | 44.7                                                                                         |
| 13                                                                                           | Jammu and Kashmir                                                                            | 205378                                                                                       | 27.2                                                                                         |
| 14                                                                                           | Jharkhand                                                                                    | 393338                                                                                       | 17.5                                                                                         |
| 15                                                                                           | Karnataka                                                                                    | 1216836                                                                                      | 37.2                                                                                         |
| 16                                                                                           | Kerala                                                                                       | 804911                                                                                       | 52.3                                                                                         |
| 17                                                                                           | Ladakh                                                                                       | 2039                                                                                         | 11.9                                                                                         |
| 18                                                                                           | Lakshadweep                                                                                  | 427                                                                                          | 11.4                                                                                         |
| 19                                                                                           | Madhya Pradesh                                                                               | 1224525                                                                                      | 26.8                                                                                         |
| 20                                                                                           | Maharashtra                                                                                  | 2054252                                                                                      | 33.5                                                                                         |
| 21                                                                                           | Manipur                                                                                      | 69583                                                                                        | 38.6                                                                                         |
| 22                                                                                           | Meghalaya                                                                                    | 54480                                                                                        | 29                                                                                           |
| 23                                                                                           | Mizoram                                                                                      | 19509                                                                                        | 27.5                                                                                         |
| 24                                                                                           | Nagaland                                                                                     | 25204                                                                                        | 19.3                                                                                         |
| 25                                                                                           | Odisha                                                                                       | 481139                                                                                       | 20.1                                                                                         |
| 26                                                                                           | Puducherry                                                                                   | 48066                                                                                        | 61.1                                                                                         |
| 27                                                                                           | Punjab                                                                                       | 415091                                                                                       | 29.1                                                                                         |
| 28                                                                                           | Rajasthan                                                                                    | 1154486                                                                                      | 26                                                                                           |
| 29                                                                                           | Sikkim                                                                                       | 18067                                                                                        | 44                                                                                           |
| 30                                                                                           | Tamil Nadu                                                                                   | 1674286                                                                                      | 48.6                                                                                         |
| 31                                                                                           | Telangana                                                                                    | 798477                                                                                       | 40.9                                                                                         |
| 32                                                                                           | D &NHaveli and Daman &Diu                                                                    | 5622                                                                                         | 15.6                                                                                         |
| 33                                                                                           | Tripura                                                                                      | 44232                                                                                        | 18.4                                                                                         |
| 34                                                                                           | Uttar Pradesh                                                                                | 3254055                                                                                      | 24.3                                                                                         |
| 35                                                                                           | Uttarakhand                                                                                  | 315301                                                                                       | 48.9                                                                                         |
| 36                                                                                           | West Bengal                                                                                  | 1129353                                                                                      | 22.3                                                                                         |
| All India 20142803 27.9 *Based on 2011 Population Projection for age group 18-23 for 2020-21 | All India 20142803 27.9 *Based on 2011 Population Projection for age group 18-23 for 2020-21 | All India 20142803 27.9 *Based on 2011 Population Projection for age group 18-23 for 2020-21 | All India 20142803 27.9 *Based on 2011 Population Projection for age group 18-23 for 2020-21 |

## District-wise, Female Enrolment in Higher Education in Karnataka, 2020-21

| District        |   Female Enrolment* |
|-----------------|---------------------|
| Bagalkot        |               23539 |
| Ballari         |               27392 |
| Belagavi        |               57592 |
| Bengaluru Rural |               19721 |
| Bengaluru Urban |              309239 |
| Bidar           |               22084 |
| Chamarajanagar  |                6107 |
| Chikballapur    |               13109 |
| Chikkamagaluru  |               10249 |
| Chitradurga     |               16014 |
| Dakshin Kannad  |               81001 |
| Davangere       |               26162 |
| Dharwad         |               37251 |
| Gadag           |               13644 |
| Hassan          |               26676 |
| Haveri          |               14889 |
| Kalaburagi      |               38815 |
| Kodagu          |                4244 |
| Kolar           |               20878 |
| Koppal          |               11629 |
| Mandya          |               21231 |
| Mysuru          |              103734 |
| Raichur         |               18228 |
| Ramanagara      |               16838 |
| Shivamogga      |               31480 |
| Tumakuru        |               37003 |
| Udupi           |               42784 |
| Uttar Kannad    |               17486 |
| Vijayapura      |               27891 |
| Yadgir          |                6562 |