opensansad/lok-sabha-qa huggingface dataset:
Lok Sabha Question No. 1388 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-07-28
Subject: FDI
Ministry: COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY
Asked by: D. M. Kathir Anand, Balubhau (Alias Suresh Narayan) Dhanorkar, Kani K. Navas

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF COMMERCE & INDUSTRY DEPARTMENT FOR PROMOTION OF INDUSTRY AND INTERNAL TRADE

## LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1388. TO BE ANSWERED ON WEDNESDAY, THE 28 TH  JULY, 2021.

FDI

## 1388.  SHRI D.M. KATHIR ANAND:

SHRI BALUBHAU ALIAS SURESH

NARAYAN DHANORKAR:

SHRI K. NAVASKANI:

Will the Minister of COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY be pleased to state:

वाणिज्य  एवं उद्योग मंत्री

- (a) whether there has been a fall in FDI inflow during the last six years;
- (b) if so, the reasons therefor;
- (c) the details of FDI inflow in last six years, year-wise; and
- (d) the steps that were taken by the Government to increase FDI flow in to the country?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF COMMERCE & INDUSTRY

## वाणिज्य  एवं उद्योग मंत्रालय में राज्य मंत्री (श्री सोम प्रकाश) (SHRI SOM PARKASH)

(a) to (c): No Sir, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows have, in fact, increased during the last six financial years. The details are as under:

|   S. No. | Financial Year   | Total FDI Inflow (amount in US$ million)   |
|----------|------------------|--------------------------------------------|
|        1 | 2015-16          | 55,559                                     |
|        2 | 2016-17          | 60,220                                     |
|        3 | 2017-18          | 60,974                                     |
|        4 | 2018-19          | 62,001                                     |
|        5 | 2019-20          | 74,390                                     |
|        6 | 2020-21          | 81,973                                     |

Source: Reserve Bank of India.

- (d): The  Government  reviews  the  FDI  policy  on  an  ongoing  basis  and makes  significant  changes  from  time  to  time,  to  ensure  that  India remains attractive & investor friendly destination. Government has put

in  place  a  liberal  and  transparent  policy  for  FDI,  wherein  most  of  the sectors are open to FDI under the automatic route.

Government on its part has undertaken a number of reforms in different areas  of  economy.  To  liberalise  and  simplify  FDI  policy  for  providing Ease  of  doing  business  and  attract  investments,  reforms  have  been undertaken by the Government recently across sectors such as Coal Mining,  Contract  Manufacturing,  Digital  Media,  Single  Brand  Retail Trading, Civil Aviation, Defence and Insurance.

*******
Lok Sabha Question No. 1385 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-07-28
Subject: Prevention of Online Prostitution
Ministry: ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Asked by: A.K.P. Chinraj

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1385

TO BE ANSWERED ON 28.07.2021

## PREVENTION OF ONLINE PROSTITUTION

## 1385.    SHRI A.K.P. CHINRAJ:

Will the Minister of Electronics and Information Technology be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has received any complaint with regard to online prostitution carried out on a website named 'Locanto' and if so, the details thereof and the action taken by the Government thereon; and
- (b) whether  the  Government  proposes  to  ban  websites  which  facilitate  online  illicit  and immoral activities and if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (SHRI RAJEEV CHANDRASEKHAR)

- (a):    The Locanto website is an internet platform where users can publish and respond to classified  ads.  There  have  been  some  complaints  received  by  Ministry  of  Electronics  and Information Technology (MeitY) about the misuse of such sites for online prostitution.

Government has taken steps to curb such online activities. As per the Information Technology Act, 2000,publishing or transmitting of obscene and pornographic material in electronic form is a cyber crime. Further, the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021, notified on 25 th February, 2021 under the Act, provides for disabling/removal of any unlawful content by intermediary on receipt of a court order or on being notified by the Appropriate Government or its agency. Also, Rule 3(2) of these Rules provides that on a complaint by an individual, the intermediary shall within 24 hours remove any  content  which  prima  facie  exposes  the  private  area  of  such  individual,  shows  such individual in full or partial nudity or shows or depicts such individual in any sexual act or conduct,  or  is  in  the  nature  of  impersonation  in  an  electronic  form,  including  artificially morphed images of such individual.

(b): 'Police' and 'Public Order' are State subjects.  Complainants must lodge complaints at cybercrime portal (www.cybercrime.gov.in) and with law enforcement agencies. Action will be  taken by the law enforcement agencies as per the provisions of the IT Act.

******
Lok Sabha Question No. 1383 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-07-28
Subject: Impact of Corona on Tea Industry
Ministry: COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY
Asked by: Naba (Hira) Kumar Sarania

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF COMMERCE & INDUSTRY (DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE)

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1383(H) TO BE ANSWERED ON 28 th JULY,2021

## IMPACT OF CORONA ON TEA INDUSTRY

## 1383(H). SHRI NABA KUMAR SARANIA:

Will the Minister of COMMERCE & INDUSTRY ( वािण�य एवं उ�ोग मं�ी ) be pleased to state the details of the effects of Covid pandemic on tea industry in Assam?

## ANSWER

okf.kT; ,oa m|ksx ea=ky; esa jkT; ea=h ¼Jherh vuqfiz;k iVsy½

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF COMMERCE AND  INDUSTRY (SMT. ANUPRIYA PATEL)

The  impact  of  the  Covid-19  pandemic  has  also  been  felt  on  the  tea  industry  in  India including  Assam.  The  decline  in  tea  production  in  Assam  during  2020  is  estimated  to  be  at 98.29M.Kgs  (13.72%),  as  compared  to  2019.  The  loss  of  tea  production  brought  down  the oversupply  situation  in  the  market,  which  helped  the  sector  through  a  rise  in  average  price realization of made tea. The average tea auction price for Assam increased by Rs.46.63 per kg (28.60%) during 2020, over the preceding year. Thus, the decline in production was offset by the significant increase in auction prices. However, production of tea has improved in 2021, with an increase of 21.69 M.Kgs. (32.48%) for the period January 2021 to May 2021 as compared to the corresponding period of 2020.

The  Government,  through  the  Tea  Board,  is  implementing  the  'Tea  Development  & Promotion  Scheme'  for  providing  financial  assistance  to  the  tea  industry  in  the  country.  The scheme focuses on increasing productivity, quality, value addition, orthodox tea production, and formation  of  Self  Help  Groups  &Farmer  Producer  Organisations.    The  Tea  Board  provided financial assistance of Rs.82.09 Crore to the Assam tea industry from April2020 till June 2021.

*******
Lok Sabha Question No. 1382 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-07-28
Subject: Vulgarity on Social Media
Ministry: ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Asked by: Dharambir Singh

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1382

TO BE ANSWERED ON 28.07.2021

## VULGARITY ON SOCIAL MEDIA

## 1382    SHRI DHARAMBIR SINGH:

Will the Minister of Electronics and Information Technology be pleased to state:

- (a)  whether  any  steps  have  been  taken  by  the  Government  to  check  nudity  obscenity  and vulgarity spreading on social media as a prank and if so, the details thereof;
- (b) the details of the action taken by the Government in this regard and the number of persons against whom the action has been taken; and
- (c)  whether  the  Government  has  any  plan  to  take  action  against  such  people  involved  in aforesaid activities in future and if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (SHRI RAJEEV CHANDRASEKHAR)

(a):  The Information Technology (IT) Act, 2000 together with the Indian Penal Code (IPC), 1860 provide legal framework for dealing with online obscene and vulgar material. Also, the IT Act and the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012  provide for a framework for prosecution of those involved in publishing or transmitting child sexual abuse material (CSAM).

Further, the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021 notified on  25 th February mandates that  social media platforms and all other intermediaries shall inform their  users not to host, display, upload, modify, publish, transmit, store, update or share any information that is obscene, pornographic, paedophilic, invasive of another's privacy including bodily privacy, or otherwise unlawful in any manner. Further, if any  unlawful  information  is  hosted,  stored  or  published,  the  intermediary  shall  remove  or disable access to that information, as early as possible, on receipt of a court order or on being notified by an Appropriate Government or its agency. The Rules also provide for the victims of such pornographic material to directly raise their grievance/complaint to the intermediary platforms thereby creating accountability of the intermediary.

(a) and (c): 'Police' and 'Public Order' are State subjects. Complaints reported on such matter are dealt by the respective Law Enforcement Authorities of States/Union Territories. As per the data reported and maintained by National Crime Records Bureau, Ministry of Home Affairs (NCRB, MHA), a total of 88, 232 and 305 cases of cyber crime against children were registered in the year 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. Further, 11018, 10686 and 14759

cases  of  Cyber  Crimes  against  Women  were  registered  in  the  year  2017,  2018  and  2019, respectively.

*******
Lok Sabha Question No. 1381 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-07-28
Subject: GDP Growth Rate
Ministry: STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION
Asked by: Badruddin Ajmal, V. Kalanidhi

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1381 TO BE ANSWERED ON 28.07.2021

## GDP GROWTH RATE

1381.   SHRI M. BADRUDDIN AJMAL: DR. KALANIDHI VEERASWAMY:

Will the Minister of STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION be pleased to state:

- (a)  whether  GDP  growth  rate  of  our  country  has  been  very  poor  and even lagging behind countries like Bangladesh;
- (b) if so, the GDP growth rate of the country during the last five years;
- (c) the year-wise details along with the current/latest GDP growth rate;
- (d) the measures that have been taken by the Government to boost the GDP growth rate; and
- (e) the time by when the country is likely to succeed in touching the target of $5 trillion GDP?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF STATISTICS  AND  PROGRAMME  IMPLEMENTATION,  MINISTER  OF STATE  (INDEPENDENT  CHARGE)  OF  THE  MINISTRY  OF  PLANNING AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRS (RAO INDERJIT SINGH)

(a) to (c): India has been registering a fair GDP growth rate(at constant prices) of 8.3%, 6.8%, 6.5%, 4.0% and -7.3% during 2016-17, 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 and 2020-21 respectively. Year 2020-21 GDP growth witnessed  a  decline  due  to  COVID-19  pandemic.  Though  the  growth rates  are  less  than  those  of  Bangladesh  during  2017  to  2020,  such comparison  of  economies  of  significantly  different  sizes  may  not  be appropriate. GDP Growth rates of Bangladesh (at constant price) are 7.1%, 7.3%, 7.9%,  8.2%  and  2.4%  for the  years  2016  to  2020 respectively as per world bank database. (d): In FY 2020-21, Government had announced a special economic and comprehensive  package  of  Rs.29.87  lakh  crore  under  Atmanirbhar Bharat  (ANB)  to  combat  the  impact  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  to revive  economic  growth  and  to  bolster  employment.  Union  Budget 2021-22 has announced number of measures to support broad-based and inclusive economic development including a 34.5 percent increase in capital expenditure and 137 percent increase in health expenditure. Government announced a relief package of Rs. 6.29 lakh crore in June 2021 to strengthen public health and provide impetus for growth and employment measures. (e): As per the Economy Survey 2019-20, Government has articulated the  vision  of  India  becoming  a  US$  5  trillion  by  2024-25  at  Current

Prices.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 116 (STARRED), answered on 2021-07-27
Subject: Reservation for OBCs in Maharashtra
Ministry: SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT
Asked by: Rahul Ramesh Shewale, Pritam Gopinath Munde

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT LOK SABHA

STARRED QUESTION NO. 116* TO BE ANSWERED ON 27.07.2021

## RESERVATION FOR OBCs IN MAHARASHTRA

*116. SHRI RAHUL RAMESH SHEWALE: DR. PRITAM GOPINATHRAO MUNDE:

Will the Minister of SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the reservation for Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in Maharashtra has been cancelled and if the details thereof; SO,
- whether the Members Members of Legislative   Assembly from Maharashtra observed a symbolic fast  in  support of political reservation to OBCs in Maharashtra;
- if S0, the details thereof;
- whether Maharashtra State Tailik Mahasabha has requested the Union Government to implement the recommendations of Mandal Commission and to conduct caste based census in Maharashtra; and
- (e) if s, the details thereof and the steps taken by the Union Government in this regard?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT (DR VIRENDRA KUMAR)

- (a) to (e) : A statement is laid on the Table of the House.

*****

Statement in answer to parts (a) to (e) of the Lok Sabha Starred Question No.116 for 27.07.2021 by Shri Rahul Ramesh Shewale and Pritam Gopinathrao Munde regarding Reservation for OBCs in Maharashtra:

(a) No Sir: The Central Government has provided 27% reservation to the OBCs in matters of recruitment to Central Government jobs and admission to Central Government Educational Institutions and this is applicable to the whole Country including the State of Maharashtra

However; the State Government of Maharashtra has given political reservation to the OBCs in the local bodies like Zilla Parishads and Panchayat Samitis exceeding the upper limit of S0% set by the Supreme Court  This has been struck down by the Supreme Court vide its judgment in Writ Petition (Civil) No.980 of 2019 (Vikas Kishanrao Gawali vs State of Maharashtra & others) dated 4th March 2021.

Yes Sir: As per report, some legislators of Maharashtra held protest outside the Maharashtra State Assembly on sth July 2021 in support of political reservation to OBCs in Maharashtra

(d) No such representation has been received in this Department or the Registrar General of India.

(e) Question does not arise in view of (d) above.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 114 (STARRED), answered on 2021-07-27
Subject: Bulk Drug Park
Ministry: CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS
Asked by: Anurag Sharma

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICALS

LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION No. 114 TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 27 th  July, 2021

## Bulk Drug Park

## †*114. SHRI ANURAG SHARMA:

Will the Minister of CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS be pleased to state:

- (a)  whether  the  Government  has  received  any  proposal  for  construction  of  Bulk  Drug Park (Pharmaceutical Park) in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) the funds released for construction of the said park; and
- (d) the time by which the construction of the said park is likely to be completed?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER IN THE MINISTRY OF CHEMICALS & FERTILIZERS (SHRI MANSUKH MANDAVIYA)

- (a) to (d): A statement is laid on the Table of the House.

## STATEMENT  REFFERED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PARTS  (a)  TO  (d)  OF  STARRED QUESTION NO. 114 FOR REPLY ON 27.07.2021

- (a) to (b): Department of Pharmaceuticals has received a proposal from the Government of Uttar  Pradesh for  establishment  of  a  Bulk  Drug  Park under  the  scheme  for  'Promotion  of Bulk Drug Parks'. The  proposed site  for  the  bulk  drug  park  is  located  in  Saidpur  Village (Mehrauni Tehsil) of Lalitpur District. The appraisal of all the proposals received under the scheme has been initiated.

- (c):     No, Sir.

- (d):     No such time has been decided.

xxxxx
Lok Sabha Question No. 113 (STARRED), answered on 2021-07-27
Subject: Course on Contract Farming
Ministry: AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
Asked by: Hanuman Beniwal

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 113 TO BE ANSWERED ON 27/07/2021

## COURSE ON CONTRACT FARMING

- *113.  SHRI HANUMAN BENIWAL:

Will the Minister of AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE कृ षि और ककसान कल्याण मंत्री be pleased to state:

- (a) whether any  degree  or  diploma  course  is  being  offered  on  contract  farming  in Government-run agricultural colleges, universities, etc. in the country;
- (b) if so, the names of the institutes and the syllabus thereof; and
- (c) the number of degree s /diplomas awarded in this field so far?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF AGRICUTLRURE AND FARMERS WELFARE कृ षि और ककसान कल्याण मंत्री (SHRI NARENDRA SINGH TOMAR)

- (a) to (c): A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

*************

O.I.H.

## STATEMENT  IN  RESPECT  OF  PARTS  (a)  to  (c)  OF  LOK  SABHA  STARRED QUESTION No. 113 TO BE ANSWERED ON 27/07/2021 REGARDING 'COURSE ON CONTRACT FARMING'

- (a) No, Sir.

However,  the  Contract  Farming  is  being  offered  in  Under  Graduate  (UG)  and Post-Graduate (PG) Programmes of Agriculture and Allied Sciences as a part of the following courses:

- (i)  Entrepreneurship Development and Industrial Consultancy (UG)
- (ii)  Fundamentals of Extension and Rural Development (UG)
- (iii)  Agricultural Marketing & Price Analysis (PG)
- (iv)  Market Led Extension Management (PG)

Under  Post  Graduate  Diploma  in  Management  (Agri  Business  Management) PGDM-ABM,  a  course  titled  'Contract  Farming  &  Farmer  Producer  Organizations (PGDM 717)' has been offered since 2009 to students as an elective course in the second semester.

(b) As  there  is  no  degree  or  diploma  course  offered  in  Contract  Farming,  the question of syllabi of such course does not arise.

- (c) Question does not arise .

**************
Lok Sabha Question No. 111 (STARRED), answered on 2021-07-27
Subject: National Register of Citizens in Assam
Ministry: HOME AFFAIRS
Asked by: Abdul Khaleque

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. *111

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 27 TH  JULY, 2021/ SRAVANA 5, 1943 (SAKA)

NATIONAL REGISTER OF CITIZENS IN ASSAM

*111. SHRI ABDUL KHALEQUE:

Will the Minister of HOME AFFAIRS be pleased to state:

- (a) the Gazette Notifications published by the Registrar General of Citizen Registration of India, Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner in relation to National Register of Citizens, Assam;
- (b)  the  various  communications  and  instructions  sent  by  the  Registrar General of Citizen Registration of India to the State Coordinator, National Register of Citizens (NRC), Assam regarding issuance of rejection slips to the persons excluded from NRC;
- (c)  the  various  communications  and  instructions  sent  by  the  Registrar General of Citizen Registration of India to the State Coordinator, National Register of Citiziens, Assam regarding winding up the process of NRC in Assam; and
- (d) the reason behind delay in issuance of rejection slip even though final list of NRC was announced on 31st August, 2019?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS (SHRI NITYANAND RAI)

(a) to (d):   A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

## STATEMENT IN REPLY TO LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. *111 FOR 27.07.2021 REGARDING 'NATIONAL REGISTER OF CITIZENS IN ASSAM'

(a): A  total  of  nine  Gazette  Notifications,  the  last  being  on  31.07.2019, have  been  published  by  the  Office  of  the  Registrar  General  and  Census Commissioner, India.

(b) & (c): Several communications and instructions have been sent to the State  Coordinator  of  National  Register  of  Citizens  (NRC),  Assam  for complying the Orders of Hon'ble Supreme Court with regard to disposal of claims and objections, publication of lists of inclusions and exclusions in NRC, etc.  Letters were also issued for completing pending works as per the  approved  Standard  Operating  Procedures  and  complying  with  the directions issued by the Hon'ble Supreme Court within the deadline fixed.

(d): Due  to  outbreak  of  Covid-19  and  flood  situation,  the  process  of issuing rejection slips has been postponed.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 110 (STARRED), answered on 2021-07-27
Subject: Methane Emissions by Livestock
Ministry: FISHERIES, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND DAIRYING
Asked by: Brijendra Singh

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FISHERIES, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND DAIRYING DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND DAIRYING

LOK SABHA STARRED  QUESTION No. 110 TO BE ANSWERED ON 27 TH  JULY 2021

## METHANE EMISSIONS BY LIVESTOCK

* 110. SHRI BRIJENDRA SINGH:

Will the Minister of FISHERIES, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND DAIRYING

## मत्स्यपाऱन , पशुपाऱन और डेयरी मंत्री

be pleased to state:

- (a) whether livestock in India is a major contributor of total methane emissions by livestock globally;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether the Government plans to promote or subsidise the feed supplement for cattle recently developed by Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR) to cut emissions from livestock and increase milk production; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF FISHERIES, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND DAIRYING

(SHRI PARSHOTTAM RUPALA)

(a) to (d):  A statement is laid on the Table of the House.

## STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (A) TO (D) OF THE LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. *110 METHANE EMISSIONS BY LIVESTOCKTO BE ANSWERED ON 27 th  July 2021.

- (a) and (b) According  to  information  received  from  Indian  Council  of  Agricultural Research (ICAR), the global methane emission from enteric fermentation is about 90 million tonnes (Tg). The methane emission from Indian livestock is only about 9-10 Tg. The global manure methane emission is about 10 Tg whereas Indian contribution is less than 1.0 Tg.

(c) and (d) Yes, Sir. Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying has issued advisory to all the State and Union Territiries for promoting use of antimethanogenic feed supplement Haritdhara and one complete feed block Tamarin Plus developed by ICAR-National Institute of  Animal  Nutrition  and  Physiology  Bengaluru.  Both  the  products  developed  by  ICARNational Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology Bengaluru reduce methane emission from ruminants and increase milk production .

*****