Lok Sabha Question No. 2387 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-08-03
Subject: Migration Problem among Rural Youth
Ministry: RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: Ramesh Chander Kaushik, Queen Oja, Saikia Dilip, Janardan Singh Sigriwal

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

## LOK  SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2387

ANSWERED ON 03/08/2021

## MIGRATION PROBLEM AMONG RURAL YOUTH

2387.   SHRI RAMESH CHANDER KAUSHIK:

SHRIMATI QUEEN OJA:

SHRI DILIP SAIKIA:

SHRI JANARDAN SINGH SIGRIWAL:

Will the Minister of RURAL DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Government  is  aware  that  the  migration  problem  among  rural  youth  has increased continuously in the country;
- (b) if so, the details thereof and the reasons therefor;
- (c) whether the Government has prepared any action plan to prevent the migration of rural youth; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT (SADHVI NIRANJAN JYOTI)

(a) & (b): As per National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), NSS 64th Round report, migration rates, including those of rural youths, for the period 1983 to 2007-08, from different NSS rounds are as under:

| All-India (Rural)          | All-India (Rural)                  |
|----------------------------|------------------------------------|
| Round(Year)                | Migration Rates (per 1000 persons) |
| 64th (July 07-Jun 08)      | 261                                |
| 55th (July 1999-June 2000) | 244                                |
| 49th (Jan-June,1993)       | 228                                |
| 43rd (July 1987- June 88)  | 232                                |
| 38th (Jan-Dec,1983)        | 209                                |

(c) & (d):   Citizens of the country migrate to different parts of the country in quest of better job opportunities and prospects.

In  this  regard,  Ministry  of  Labour  and  Employment has informed that in order to regulate the employment of the inter-state migrant workers and to provide for their condition of service, the Government  has  enacted  the  Inter-State  Migrant  Workmen  (Regulation  of  Employment  and Conditions of Service), Act, 1979. This Act has now been subsumed in the Occupational Safety, Health  and  Working  Conditions  Code,  2020  which  provides  for  decent  working  conditions, minimum  wages,  grievance  redressal  mechanism,  toll  free  helpline  and  social  security  to  all categories  of  organized  and  unorganized  workers  including  Migrant  Workers.  The  Code  is applicable to every establishment in which 10 or more inter-state migrant workers are employed or were employed on any day of the preceding 12 months.

So far as the Ministry of Rural Development is concerned, the Ministry is implementing various rural  development schemes for creating employment opportunities and rural infrastructure. All these  measures  encourage  people  to  stay  in  rural  areas,  earn  their  livelihood  and  raise  their quality of life near their places of residence and hence act as a deterrent to distress migration of rural population to cities.  The details are as under:

- i. Under  Mahatma  Gandhi  National  Rural  Employment  Guarantee  Scheme  (MGNREGS), guaranteed wage employment of 100 days in a financial year is provied to a rural household whose adult members are willing to take up manual work. Further, an additional 50 days of wage  employment  is  provided  over  and  above  100  days  in  the  notified  drought  affected areas or natural calamity affected areas in the country on recommendation of the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.
- ii. Deendayal  Antyodaya  Yojana  -  National  Rural  Livelihoods  Mission    (DAY-NRLM)  is implemented with the objective of providing self-employment to the women members  of the rural poor families by mobilizing them into Self Help Groups(SHGs).
- iii. Rural  Self  Employment  and  Training  Institutes  (RSETIs)  provides  for  skill  development programme for self employment. This training with access to Bank loans helps in creating self-employment opportunities at local level.
- iv. Shyama  Prasad  Mukherji  Rurban  Mission  (SPMRM)  is  aimed  at  developing  300    rural growth clusters called 'Rurban Clusters' which have latent potential for growth, in all  States and UTs with the objective to bridge the rural urban divide and reduce migration from rural to urban areas and eventually facilitate reverse migration.
- v. Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana  (PMGSY) is aimed at providing connectivity by way of  an  all-weather  road  to  eligible  unconnected  habitations  in  rural  areas  so  that  these habitations can have access to basic health services, education and markets for their produce.

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