Lok Sabha Question No. 2345 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-08-01
Subject: Schemes in Assam
Ministry: SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Asked by: Naba (Hira) Kumar Sarania

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO . † 2345 TO BE ANSWERED ON 01.08.2022

## SCHEMES IN ASSAM

## † 2345. SHRI NABA KUMAR SARANIA:

Will  the  Minister  of  SKILL  DEVELOPMENT  AND  ENTREPRENEURSHIP  be  pleased  to state:

- (a) the number of scheme formulated since the formation of this Ministry and the details of the outcome thereof;
- (b) the objectives and the outcome of the said scheme;
- (c) whether  various  Department  formed  for  skill  development  have  been  brought  under  the Ministry and the details thereof;
- (d) the  number  and  details  of  the  youths  provided  skill  training  in  Assam  and  the  number  of youths provided employment, sector and district-wise;
- (e) the number of tribal youths/children who received skill training in various States of the country and the details of the employment provided to them, State, district and sector-wise; and
- (f) whether the youths of the North-Eastern States participated enthusiastically in various sector of skill trainings along with the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP (SHRI RAJEEV CHANDRASEKHAR)

(a) Under Skill India Mission, the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) is delivering skill-training through a comprehensive network of skill development centres under various schemes  viz.  Pradhan  Mantri  Kaushal  Vikas  Yojana  (PMKVY),  National  Apprenticeship  Promotion Scheme  (NAPS),  Jan  Shikshan  Sansthan  (JSS)  and  Craftsmen  Training  Scheme  (CTS)  through Industrial  Training  Institutes  (ITIs)  for  the  unemployed  youth  in  urban  and  rural  areas  across  the country. Brief of these schemes is as under:

Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana  (PMKVY): The Ministry of Skill Development  and Entrepreneurship  (MSDE)  is  implementing  its  flagship,  demand-driven,  Central  Sector  Scheme, PMKVY, for imparting  short  duration  skill  development  training  through  Short-Term  Training  (STT) and Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) to youth across all States/ Union Territories (UTs). In this Scheme, the focus is on Short Term Training and RPL and a mandate of finding placement for 70% skill-trained persons.

Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS) Scheme: The Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS) initiative is a step in the direction of realizing the unique demographic potential of urban slums and rural India. The programs are based on the polyvalent or multi-dimensional approach. The main target of the JSS is to impart vocational  skills  to  the  non-literates,  neo-literates  and  the  persons  having  rudimentary  level  of education of 8 th standard and school dropouts upto 12th standard in the age group of 15-45 years, with due relaxation in case of 'Divyangjan' and other deserving cases. Priority is given to Women, SC, ST, OBC and Minorities. More than 50% beneficiaries of this scheme hail from rural areas. In this scheme, focus is on the skilling non-literates and neo-literates and the persons having rudimentary level of education and the rural youth especially women.

National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS): This Scheme is for promoting apprenticeship training and increasing the engagement of apprentices by providing financial support to industrial establishments undertaking apprenticeship programme under the Apprentices Act, 1961. Training consists of Basic Training and On-the-Job Training/ Practical Training at workplace in the industry. In this scheme, focus in on promotion of apprenticeship training in industrial establishments.

Craftsmen Training Scheme (CTS) through Industrial Training Institutes (ITI): This scheme is for providing long-term training through Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) across the country. The ITIs offer a range of vocational/skill training courses covering a large number of economic sectors with an objective  to  provide  skilled  workforce  to  the  industry  as  well  as  self  employment  of  youth.  In  this scheme, focus in  on  vocational/  technical  training  at  higher  secondary  level  and  above  to  provide skilled workforce to the industry.

- (b) As per third party evaluation, outcomes of the schemes are as under:

PMKVY : PMKVY 2.0 was evaluated by NITI Aayog in October 2020 under jobs and skills sector. The impact evaluation study draws inference of the scheme level contribution to the larger jobs and skills sector along with clear reflection of following strength and outcome achieved during implementation:

- The  training  provided  under  the  scheme  is  relevant  to  the  employers  and  they  prefer candidates trained under PMKVY compared to untrained candidates.
- 52  percent  of  the  candidates  who  were  placed  in  full  time/part  time  employment  and  had completed training under the RPL component received higher salary or felt that they will get higher salary compared to their peers who have no certification.
- About 94 percent of the employers surveyed reported that they would hire more candidates trained under the scheme.
- About  67  percent  and  18  percent  of  the  employers  surveyed  reported  that  the  overall experience with respect to the recruitment process was good and very good, respectively.

Further, third-party impact evaluation of the scheme PMKVY 2.0 (2016-20) was conducted by the Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA). The impact evaluation study draws following inference:

- The maximum percentage of beneficiaries (70.5%) received placement in their desired skill sector.
- To ensure that high standards of quality are maintained by PMKVY Training Centres, NSDC and  empanelled  inspection  agencies  use  various  yardsticks.  These  involve  validations, surprise visits, and monitoring through the Skill India Portal (SIP) (erstwhile Skills Development Management System (SDMS)). These standards are intensified using the latest technologies.
- As an impact of the scheme, 118.2% change in monthly wages of beneficiary trainees has been recognized. Average monthly remuneration/wages of surveyed beneficiaries increases from Rs. 8,422.64 to Rs. 17,871.26 post completion of training under PMKVY 2016-20.

JSS : Third-party impact evaluation of the scheme JSS was conducted by the Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA) & it was completed by July, 2020. As per the report, women representation is 79%; rural share is 50.5%; 73.4% change in the employment for enhanced livelihood; 89.1% change in the average income of each beneficiary; 85.7% mobilization of beneficiaries by JSS.

ITI : The final report of Tracer Study of ITI Graduates (published in January 2018 by the MSDE, GoI) mentions that  63.5%  of  total  ITI  pass-outs  got  employed  (wage+  self,  out  of  which  6.7%  are  selfemployed) and 36.4% remained unemployed and was looking for jobs. Even though the first figure was low for females (55.3%) as compared to that for males (65.1%), the corresponding figures for SCs  (65%)and  STs  (69.8%)  were  higher  than  the  percentage  of  total  pass-outs  in  (wage+  self) employed.

NAPS :  Third-party  impact  evaluation  of  the  scheme  NAPS  was  conducted  by  the  National Productivity  Council  (NPC).  As  per  the  report,  NAPS  has  been  able  to  catalyze  interest  of  both industry and youths towards apprenticeship training and coupled with strong Govt. Support and policy advocacy, the scheme has started to pick up the pace. There is a positive vibe across establishments and huge demand for apprenticeship. The two main stakeholders, i.e., apprentice and the industry see  benefits  from  the  programme.  The  apprentice  has  found  it  to  be  useful  to  increase  his/her chances of getting employment.

(c) Skill India Mission was launched with aim to converge all skilling efforts across various Central Government Ministries and also with State Governments. To realize the aim of the Mission and to bring standardization  and  uniformity  in  competency-based  skill  training,  MSDE  has  taken  several steps  for  convergence  of  all  skill  schemes/programmes  at  the  centre  and  state  level.  Under  this initiative,  convergence  has  also  been  done  through  linkages  of  PMKVY  with  NAPS,  JSS  and  ITIbased training, programmes on the one hand and through standardisation of various procedures and academic  standards  across  skill  programmes  run  by  various  line  Ministries  in  their  respective domains.

Convergence  between  various  MSDE  schemes  including  PMKVY,  NAPS  and  JSS  has  been achieved through following:

- Standardization and alignment of curriculum and content through the National Skill Qualification  Framework  (NSQF);  this  is  applicable  to  all  skilling  programmes,  but  not  on  a mandatory basis
- Data Convergence of various skill schemes through the Skill India Portal
- Unified regulation through the National Council for Vocational Education & Training (NCVET) for standardising various aspects of skilling
- Standardization  of  inputs  of  training  including  Trainers  and  Training  Providers  (through  the SMART and TAKSHASHILA portals)
- For leveraging ITI infrastructure, training under PMKVY 3.0 is also taking place in ITIs
- Common  Cost  Norms  have  been  framed  and  duly  revised  from  time  to  time  to  bring  in uniformity in the cost structures of various skilling programmes run by the Central Government Ministries.

(d) The district-wise  list  of  number  of  youths  trained  and  placed  in  Assam  under  PMKVY  is  at Annexure-I (a) and the sector-wise list is at Annexure-I (b). The district-sector-wise list of number of youths trained in Assam under NAPS and JSS are at Annexure-II and III respectively. Placements are not tracked in CTS, JSS and NAPS. Since, in the case of ITIs, trainees may come from any District, no such District-wise figure is available.

(e) The  district-wise  list  of  number  of  tribal  youths  trained  and  placed  in  various  States  under PMKVY is at Annexure-IV (a) and the sector-wise list is at Annexure-IV (b). The district-sector-wise list  of  number  of  youths  trained  in  various  States  under  NAPS and  JSS  are at  Annexure-V and  VI respectively. State-wise number of tribal youth trained under CTS for 2021 is at Annexure VII. Since, in the case of ITIs, trainees in any ITI may come from any District, no such District-wise figures are available for the ITIs.

(f) As can be seen from the data provided above, the youths of the North-Eastern States have participated enthusiastically in various sectors of skill trainings.

Since the details in the said Annexures are too lengthy, it is available on the website of the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship at the following link https://msde.gov.in/en/usefullinks/parl-ques/lok-sabha.

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