Lok Sabha Question No. 3570 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-08-08
Subject: Brain Drain in Search of Jobs
Ministry: LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
Asked by: Nayab Singh, M. K. Raghavan

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.3570

TO BE ANSWERED ON 8 TH  AUGUST, 2022

## BRAIN DRAIN IN SEARCH OF JOBS

3570. SHRI NAYAB SINGH:

SHRI M.K. RAGHAVAN:

Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Government  has  any  data  regarding  the  rate  of  employment amongst youngsters in the country, if so, the details thereof, district-wise for the State of Kerala;
- (b) whether the Government has observed a large brain drain from India, if so, the  details  thereof,  State-wise  regarding  the  number  of  persons  going abroad to various countries in search of jobs;
- (c) whether the Government has observed a large brain drain from Kerala, if so, the details of the approximate number of persons going abroad in search of jobs from Kerala;
- (d) whether the Government has any data regarding the number of persons from Kerala working in other States of India, if so, the details thereof;
- (e) whether  the  Government  has  taken  any  initiative  to  create  employment amongst youngsters in India, if so, the details thereof including the number of jobs created since 2019;
- (f) whether  the  Government  has  analysed  the  issue  of  'brain  drain'  in  the country  to  ensure  best  results  within  the  country  in  the  service  segment and the steps taken by the Government to solve the brain drain issue and utilise the best talent within the country; and
- (g) whether the Government has any specific data regarding the issue of brain drain  in  the  country,  if  so,  the  details  thereof  and  if  not,  the  reasons therefor?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT

## (SHRI RAMESWAR TELI)

(a):  As  per  the  latest  available  Annual  Periodic  Labour  Force  Survey  (PLFS), 2020-21 conducted by the Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI), the estimated Unemployment Rate (UR) in Kerala on usual status for persons of age 15-29 years is 33.7%.

(b)  to  (g):  The  number  of  Indians  who  verbally  disclosed  their  purpose  of  visit either as employment/work or produced employment/work visa of the destination  country  while  going  abroad  from  the  four  international  airports  in Kerala from 01.01.2019 to 31.07.2022 is 7.30 lakh.

The government has adopted multifaceted approach in terms of creating adequate  opportunities  in  the  country  to  retain  highly  skilled  talent  pool  and also encourage return of the best-in-class scientists, from abroad, to India, for enhancing  the  nation's  capabilities  in  various  areas  of  scientific  research, development and deployment.

The extramural funding schemes and fellowship schemes of Department of Science and Technology (DST), have been designed to encourage scientists to do quality research in the country. Several schemes/ programmes for building research  infrastructure  for  enhancing  research  capabilities  such  as  Fund  for improvement of Science & Technolgoy infrastructures in Universities and higher educational institutions have been instituted. Other schemes like Core Research Grant, Research fellowships such as JC Bose and Swarnajayanti are targeted at scientific  community  to  empower  them  to  pursue  world-class  research  in cutting edge areas of science and technology. Special attention has been given to  young  scientists  for  making  them  independent  and  motivates  them  to continue their research in the country. A large number of young scientists have been  supported  through schemes  like Start-up Research  Grant, National Postdoctoral Fellowship of the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB). Visiting Advanced Joint Research (VAJRA) Faculty Scheme of SERB provides a platform  for  overseas  scientists  including  Non-Resident  Indians  to  undertake collaborative research in Indian Institutions and Universities for a finite period of  time.  The Flexible Complementing Scheme / Merit based promotion scheme positioned  in  scientific  departments  and  introduction  of  Performance  Related Incentive Scheme (PRIS) in strategic Departments have also been instrumental in  recruiting  and  retaining  the  scientists.  All  these  measures  taken  by  the Government are aimed at retaining our scientific workforce in the country.

Employment  generation  coupled  with  improving  employability  is  the priority  of  the  Government.  Accordingly,  the  Government  of  India  has  taken various steps to boost employment in the country. The Government of India has announced Aatmanirbhar Bharat package to provide stimulus to business and to mitigate the adverse impact of Covid 19. Under this package, the Government is providing  fiscal  stimulus  of  more  than  Rupees  Twenty  Seven  lakh  crore.  This package  comprises  of  various  long  term  schemes/  programmes/  policies  for making the country self-reliant and to create employment opportunities.

The Aatmanirbhar Bharat Rojgar Yojana (ABRY) was launched with effect from 1st October, 2020 to incentivize employers for creation of new employment and restoration of loss of employment during Covid-19 pandemic. The terminal date for registration of beneficiaries was 31.03.2022. As on 13.07.2022 benefits have been provided to 59.54 lakh beneficiaries.

Pradhan  Mantri  Mudra  Yojana  (PMMY)  is  being  implemented  by  the Government for facilitating self-employment. Under PMMY, collateral free loans upto  Rs.  10  lakh,  are  extended  to  micro/small  business  enterprises  and  to individuals  to  enable  them  to  setup  or  expand  their  business  activities.  Upto 08.07.2022, 35.94 crore loans were sanctioned under the scheme.

Budget 2021-22 launched Production Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes, with an outlay of Rs. 1.97 lakh crore, for a period of 5 years starting from 2021-22. The  PLI  Schemes  being  implemented  by  the  Government  have  potential  for creating  60  lakh  new  jobs.    All  these  initiatives  are  expected  to  collectively generate employment in the medium to long term through multiplier-effects.

The Government  of India is encouraging various projects involving substantial investment and public expenditure on schemes like Prime Minister's Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP), Pt. DeenDayal Upadhyaya Grameen  Kaushalya  Yojana  (DDU-GKY)  and  Deen  Dayal  Antodaya  YojanaNational Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM) etc. for employment generation.The estimated employment generated under PMEGP since 2019-20 to 30.06.2022 is  20.98  lakh,  candidates  placed  under  DDU-GKY  since  2019-20  to June,  2022  is  2.48  lakh  and  skill  trained  candidates  placed  under  DAY-NULM since 2019-20to 30.06.2022 is 3.65 lakh.

The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) is implementing  the  National  Apprenticeship  Promotion  Scheme  (NAPS)  and Pradhan Mantri Kaushal VikasYojana (PMKVY) to enhance the employability of youth.

Besides these initiatives, various flagship programmes of the Government such as Make in India, Start-up India, Stand-up India, Digital India, Smart City Mission,  Atal  Mission  for  Rejuvenation  and  Urban  Transformation,  Housing  for All etc are also oriented towards generating employment opportunities.

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