Lok Sabha Question No. 3542 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-12-20
Subject: Funds for Climate Change
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: S. Jagathrakshakan, Shiromani Ram, Sarmistha Sethi

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3542

TO BE ANSWERED ON 20.12.2021

## Funds for Climate Change

## 3542.   SHRI S. JAGATHRAKSHAKAN: SHRIMATI SARMISTHA SETHI: SHRI RAMSHIROMANI VERMA:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) the details regarding  the  funds  received  and  utilised  from  foreign  countries  and international organizations to fight climate change; and
- (b)  the steps/progress made to achieve the commitments made on international platforms to fight climate change?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI ASHWINI KUMAR CHOUBEY)

(a)  Developed countries, in 2009, had committed to a climate finance mobilization goal of USD 100 billion per year, by 2020. The overarching decision titled Glasgow Climate Pact, adopted by all countries at COP 26, noted with deep regret that the goal of developed country Parties to mobilize jointly  USD 100 billion per year by 2020 in the context of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation has not yet been met. In this regard, the  COP  26  has  requested  the  Standing  Committee  on  Finance  to  the  United  Nations Framework  Convention  on  Climate  Change  (UNFCCC)  to  prepare  a  report  in  2022  on progress towards achieving the goal of mobilizing jointly USD 100 billion per year to address the needs of developing countries.

As  regards  India's  climate  actions  are  concerned,  it  has  so  far  largely  financed  from domestic  sources,  including  government  budgetary  support  as  well  as  a  mix  of  market mechanisms and fiscal instruments and policy interventions. As per  India's Third  Biennial Update  Report  (BUR)  to  the  UNFCCC  in  February  2021,  the  domestic  mobilization  of finance fully overshadows the sum total of international funding. During 2014 to 2019, while Global Environment Facility and Green Climate Fund have provided grants to a total of only US $ 165.25 million, the corresponding domestic mobilization amounts to US$ 1.374 billion.

(b)  Under  the  Paris  Agreement,  India  has  submitted  Nationally  Determined  Contribution (NDC)  with  quantified  targets  to  reduce  the  emissions  intensity  of  its  Gross  Domestic Product  (GDP)  by  33  to  35  percent  by  2030  from  2005  level,  to  achieve  about  40% cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel-based energy resources by

2030, and to create  an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2eq through additional forest and tree cover by 2030.  Further, India, as a part of the National Statement, delivered by Hon'ble Prime Minister at the 26th Session of the Conference of Parties to the UNFCCC in Glasgow, United Kingdom in November 2021, has made the following further announcements:

- i. India's non-fossil energy capacity to reach 500 GW by 2030.
- ii. India will meet 50 per cent of its energy requirements with renewable energy by 2030.
- iii. India will reduce its total projected carbon emissions by one billion tonnes from now to 2030.
- iv. India  will  reduce  the  carbon  intensity  of  its  economy  by  45  per cent  by  2030,  over 2005 levels.
- v. By 2070, India will achieve the target of net zero emissions.

While making the above announcements, Hon'ble Prime Minister has further stated that India resolved to move forward with new commitments and in such times, the transfer of climate finance  and  low  cost  climate  technologies  becomes  more  important.  Providing  new  and additional financial resources as well as transfer of technology to address the global climate change challenge are among the commitments and responsibilities of the developed countries under  the  United  Nations  Framework  Convention  on  Climate  Change  (UNFCCC)  and  its Paris  Agreement.  India  will  also  require  its  due  share  from  such  international  financial resources and technological support.

The Government is implementing the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), which is  the  overarching  policy  framework  and  comprises  of  national  missions  in  specific areas of solar energy, enhanced energy efficiency, water, agriculture, Himalayan eco-system, sustainable  habitat,  green  India  and  strategic  knowledge  on  climate  change.  Further,  33 States/Union  Territories  have  prepared  State  Action  Plans  on  Climate  Change  (SAPCCs) consistent with the objectives of NAPCC.

In  addition, the Government has launched many schemes and programs to scale up India's action  on  both,  the  adaptation  and  mitigation.  Appropriate  measures  are  being  taken  under these schemes and programs across many sectors including water, agriculture, forest, energy and enterprise, sustainable mobility and housing, waste management, circular economy and resource efficiency, etc.  Apart from resolutely addressing climate change domestically, for the  world  India  has  created  and  continue  to  nurture  International  Solar  Alliance  (ISA)  and Coalition  for  Disaster  Resilient  Infrastructure.  India  is  also  taking  lead  with  Sweden  in innovation for hard to abate sectors.

As a result of the aforesaid measures, India's emission intensity of GDP has reduced by 24 per cent between 2005 and 2016. Therefore, India is on track to meet its voluntary declaration to reduce the emission intensity of GDP by 20-25 per cent from 2005 levels by 2020. India's non  fossil  fuel  based  installed  capacity  is  156  GW,  which  is  around  39.98%  of  the  total installed  capacity.    Forest  and  tree  cover  has increased  by 1.3  million  ha between the 2015 and  2019  as  per  assessments of the Forest  Survey  of  India.  India's  Land  use,  Land  use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sink (CO2 removal) is on the rise by 3.4 per cent between 2014 and 2016 and by approximately 40 per cent between 2000 and 2016.