Lok Sabha Question No. 1801 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-02-13
Subject: Teacher-Student Ratio in the Country
Ministry: Education
Asked by: Ajay Nishad

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION AND LITERACY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1801

ANSWERED ON 13 th  FEBRUARY, 2023

## TEACHER-STUDENT RATIO IN THE COUNTRY

†1801. SHRI AJAY NISHAD:

Will the Minister of EDUCATION be pleased to state:

- (a) whether any disparity exists regarding school education throughout the States of the country;
- (b) if so, the details thereof and the reasons therefor;
- (c) whether any teacher-student ratio norm has been fixed by the Government;
- (d)  if  so,  the  details  thereof,  along  with  details  of  the  teacher-student  ratio  in  the country, State-wise; and
- (e)  the schemes being implemented by the Government to address the said disparity among the States of the country?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION (DR. SUBHAS SARKAR)

(a)  to  (e):    The  Centrally  Sponsored  Scheme  of  Samagra  Shiksha  has  been  aligned with the recommendation of National Education Policy (NEP), 2020. The Government of India is continuously striving to improve the quality of education across all levels of School Education throughout the States and UTs of the country. In pursuance of the goals  and  objectives  of  the  National  Education  Policy  2020  (NEP  2020),  several initiatives  have  been  launched  in  School  Education  under  Samagra  Shiksha  viz. National Initiative for Proficiency in Reading with Understanding and Numeracy (NIPUN Bharat) for ensuring foundational literacy and numeracy by the end of Grade 3, VidyaPravesh - Guidelines for Three-month Play-based School Preparation Module; Indian Sign Language as a Subject at secondary level by National Institute of Open Schooling; NISHTHA (National Initiative for School Heads' and Teachers' Holistic Advancement) 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 Integrated Teacher Training Programme for different stages of school education for Teachers, Head Teachers/Principals and other stakeholders in Educational  Management;  SAFAL  (Structured  Assessment  for  Analysing  Learning Levels) for competency-based assessment in CBSE schools for grades 3, 5 and 8, etc.

As per Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, the Pupil-Teacher Ratio (PTR) norms for primary and upper primary level are 30:1 and 35:1 respectively. The PTR at national level for Government primary schools is 28:1 and for upper primary schools is 24:1 as per UDISE 2021-22 (provisional), which is better than the prescribed  norms,  the  state-wise  detail  of Pupil-Teacher  ratio  is  placed  at Annexure.

Education  is  in  the  concurrent  list  of  the  Constitution.  Therefore,  regulation, maintenance  and  supervision  of  school  as  well  as  service  terms  and  conditions  of teachers  come  under  the  purview  of  the  respective  State  and  Union  Territory  (UT) Government. Under Samgara Shiksha, Central Government provides intervention-wise funds to State/UT Government in lump sum. The States/UTs further release the funds to District, Block and Government Schools based on the approvals for implementation of the interventions provided under the Samagra Shiksha. The recruitment of teachers in schools is a continuous process and the vacancies keep arising due to retirement, resignation and additional requirements on account of enhanced students' strength/new  schools.  The  Central  Government  has  been  consistently  pursuing  the matter  of  expeditious  recruitment  and  redeployment  of  teachers  with  the  States  and UTs.  Advisories  to  maintain  appropriate  Pupil-Teacher  Ratio  (PTR)  have  also  been issued to States and UTs from time to time.

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## ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (D) OF LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1801 TO BE ANSWERED ON 13.02.2023 ASKED BY HON'BLE MP SHRI AJAY NISHAD REGARDING TEACHER-STUDENT RATIO IN THE COUNTRY

State-wise Student Teacher Ratio - 2021-22

| States/UTs                         | Government   | Government    |
|------------------------------------|--------------|---------------|
|                                    | Primary      | Upper Primary |
| Andaman & Nicobar Islands          | 10           | 11            |
| Andhra Pradesh                     | 24           | 17            |
| Arunachal Pradesh                  | 11           | 10            |
| Assam                              | 23           | 18            |
| Bihar                              | 60           | 31            |
| Chandigarh                         | 36           | 19            |
| Chhattisgarh                       | 23           | 23            |
| Daman & Diu & Dadra & Nagar Haveli | 33           | 34            |
| Delhi                              | 40           | 39            |
| Goa                                | 15           | 12            |
| Gujarat                            | 30           | 26            |
| Haryana                            | 32           | 25            |
| Himachal Pradesh                   | 15           | 11            |
| Jammu & Kashmir                    | 13           | 9             |
| Jharkhand                          | 33           | 38            |
| Karnataka                          | 20           | 16            |
| Kerala                             | 26           | 29            |
| Ladakh                             | 5            | 3             |
| Lakshadweep                        | 17           | 16            |
| Madhya Pradesh                     | 25           | 34            |
| Maharashtra                        | 22           | 25            |
| Manipur                            | 10           | 12            |
| Meghalaya                          | 20           | 13            |
| Mizoram                            | 14           | 7             |
| Nagaland                           | 7            | 5             |
| Odisha                             | 19           | 19            |
| Puducherry                         | 19           | 15            |
| Punjab                             | 25           | 24            |
| Rajasthan                          | 26           | 16            |
| Sikkim                             | 5            | 9             |
| Tamil Nadu                         | 25           | 18            |
| Telangana                          | 25           | 16            |
| Tripura                            | 19           | 22            |
| Uttar Pradesh                      | 29           | 33            |
| Uttarakhand                        | 18           | 18            |
| West Bengal                        | 29           | 35            |
| India                              | 28           | 24            |

(Source: UDISE+ 2021-22)