opensansad/lok-sabha-qa huggingface dataset:
Lok Sabha Question No. 158 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-02-02
Subject: Survey of New Railway Routes
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: Dhal Singh Bisen

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 158 TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.02.2022

## SURVEY OF NEW RAILWAY ROUTES

†158. DR. DHAL SINGH BISEN:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of new railway routes sanctioned by the Government in the Budget  for  carrying  out  their  survey  during  the  last  Financial  Year, route-wise;
- (b) the  names  of  railway  routes  of  Balaghat  Parliamentary  constituency sanctioned  for  survey  under  the  railway  routes  sanctioned  for  the purpose in the Budget of the Financial Year 2021-22;
- (c) the  time  by  when  the  survey  work  is  likely  to  be  commenced  or whether the said works have started and if so, the details thereof;
- (d) whether Seoni-Katangi railway route is also included under the same;
- (e) whether the new surveyed routes have been undertaken or are likely to be undertaken for construction on priority basis;
- (f) whether  the  sanction  was  given  for  survey  of  new  Katangi-Seoni railway route under Seoni and Balaghat districts of Madhya Pradesh; and
- (g) if  so,  whether  its  survey  work  has  been  completed  and  whether approval is likely to be given for constructing this new railway route alongwith the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF RAILWAYS, COMMUNICATIONS AND ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

(SHRI ASHWINI VAISHNAW)

- (a) to (g): A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

*****

STATEMENT  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PARTS  (a)  to  (g)  OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 158 BY DR. DHAL SINGH BISEN  TO BE ANSWERED  IN  LOK  SABHA  ON  02.02.2022  REGARDING  SURVEY  OF NEW RAILWAY ROUTES

(a): During Financial year 2020-21 and 2021-22, 33 Nos. survey for new railway routes have been sanctioned. Total length of new railway routes for which surveys have been sanctioned is 2,595 Km.

(b) to (g): Survey  for  new  line  between  Seoni  and  Katangi  (92  Km) falling in the Balaghat Parliamentary constituency has been sanctioned during  Financial  Year  2020-21.  Survey  of  this  line  has  commenced. Further decision for sanction is possible once survey report is received and result thereon are firmed up.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 157 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-02-02
Subject: Coal Gasification
Ministry: COAL
Asked by: Vishnu Dutt Sharma

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF COAL

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO 157 ANSWERED ON 02.02.2022

Coal Gasification

## 157.     SHRI VISHNU DATT SHARMA:

Will the Minister of Coal be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government  is in the process to achieve coal gasification and liquefaction target of 100MT by 2030;
- (b) if so, whether this will include use of underground coal gasification technology as well;
- (c) if so, the details thereof; and
- (d) if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS, COAL AND MINES (SHRI PRALHAD JOSHI)

- (a): Yes  Sir,  the  Government  has  prepared  a  plan  to  achieve  coal  gasification  and liquefaction of 100MT of coal by 2030.
- (b)  to  (d): No  Sir.  Underground  Coal  Gasification  is  not  a  proven  environmentally sustainable technology. Resultantly, Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) technology is not proven  commercially  across  world.  The  pilot  project  at  Australia  was  dropped  due  to economic and environmental concerns. As such UCG is not under consideration for adoption in India.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 156 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-02-02
Subject: Proper Storage of Food
Ministry: CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION
Asked by: Satyadev Pachauri

## GOVERNMENT  OF INDTA

## MINISTRY  OF CONSUMER  AFFAIRS, FOOD &  puBLIC  DISTRTBUTTON DE]'ARTMENT  OF FOOD AND PUBLTC  DISTRTBUTION

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTIOT{ NO.I 56 TO BE ANSWERED  ON 2ND FEBRUARY, 2022

## PROPER STORAGE OF FOOD

## t156.  SHRI SATYADEV  PACHAURI:

YYill the Minister of  GoNSUMER AFFAIRS, FooD AND  puBl.rc DlsrRlBUTto[  5sfi]ffr err*, qr .xt{ grffif,r fuf{ur  t'*  be pteased  to state!

- (a) whether about 50ro00 tonnes of food grhins are wasted  eyely year due to lack of proper Etorage system in the country;
- (b)  if so, the storage capacity  of food grains in the country and whether better facillties  are availabte  in lt;
- (c) the annuar ross due to wastage of food grains and the pran of the Govemment to increase  the storage capacity;
- (d) whether scientific  storage facitataes are available in al! the grain  storage locations of FCI; and
- (e) whether cooperation with the private  sector ls belng considered  for increasing the storage  capacity and if so, the detaits thererof?

## ANSWER

MII{ISTER OF STATE FOR IUIINTSTRY  OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND CONSUMER AFFAIRS,  FOOD &  pUBLtC  DISTR|BUT|ON

(saDHvr  NTRANJAN  JYOTD

- (a): No Sir. No quantity of Gentral  poot  Foodgrain stocks (wheat and rice) gets wasted due to lac]i of proper storage aystem  ln the country.
- (b): Does'not arise ln view of (a) above.
- (c):  During the yeir 2o2o-21,  Food Gorporaflon of lndia (FGI)  handted  a quantity of 688.57  Litlr foodgralns,  out of which a meagre quantitlr  l.e. o.o2 LIUIr has been declared as damaged in its godowns and its estimatod value is Rs. 2.77Grore. However, Govemrnent continuously assessGs and monitors  the storage capac:ty and based on the storage gap assassment, storage capacities are created/hired.
- (d): Yes Sir.
- (e): Yes sir. FGI augments its storage capacity in the following schemes through private  sectoE
- > Prlvate Entrepreneurs Guarantee (pEG) scheme for construction of covered storage,
- > Greation of Sllo under PPP mode.
Lok Sabha Question No. 152 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-02-02
Subject: PM Mitra Scheme in Maharashtra
Ministry: TEXTILES
Asked by: Vinayak Bhaurao Raut

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 152 TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.02.2022

## PM MITRA SCHEME IN MAHARASHTRA

## 152. SHRI VINAYAK RAUT:

Will the Minister of TEXTILES वस्त्र मंत्री be pleased to state :

- (a) the salient features of Prime Minister Mega Integrated Textile Region and Apparel (PM MITRA);

(b) the funds sanctioned, allocated and utilized under the PM MITRA scheme in Maharashtra during the last two years and the current year;

- (c) the salient features of Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme; and

(d) the manner in which PLI is going to effectively uplift the living standards of the backward areas in Maharashtra?

## उत्तर

## ANSWER

## वस्त्र राज् य मंत्री ( श्रीमती दर्शना जरदोर् ) THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR TEXTILES

## (SMT. DARSHANA JARDOSH)

(a) & (b): The  Government  has  approved  setting  up  of  7  (Seven)  PM  Mega  Integrated  Textile Region  and  Apparel  (PM  MITRA)  Parks  in  Greenfield/Brownfield  sites  to  develop  world  class infrastructure including plug and play facility with an outlay of  Rs.4445 Crore for a period of seven years  upto  2027-28. The PM MITRA Parks Scheme shall be implemented on pan-India basis and is intended for holistic development of the textile sector. The selection of site will be on challenge method and no state-wise allocation will be made. The salient features of PM MITRA Park Scheme are:- (i) willing state governments to have ready availability of contiguous and encumbrance-free land parcel of 1000+ acres for being eligible. (ii) it is envisaged to be on Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode. (iii) there is a provision of Development Capital Support (DCS) @30% of the project cost with a maximum support  of  Rs.500  Cr  and  Rs.200  Cr  per  park  for  Greenfield  and  Brownfield  PM  MITRA  Park, respectively. The DCS is for creation of core Infrastructure. (iv) there is provision of Rs.300 Cr per park for incentivizing the industries to set up their units in the park. There is a provision to use 10% of the park's area for Commercial Development (CD) and revenue stream from CD may help maintenance of common assets and facilities. Priority will be given to Technical Textiles, Man-Made Fibre and textile machinery.

(c) & (d): The Government has approved the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme for Textiles to promote production of MMF Apparel, MMF Fabrics and Products of Technical Textiles in the country to enable Textiles Industry to achieve size and scale; to create cost competitive players in the country; attract  investment  of  approximately Rs.19000 crore and create job opportunities for 7.5 lakh peoples with an approved outlay of Rs.10683 crore over a five year period. This will be implemented on pan India basis including the state of Maharashtra.

***
Lok Sabha Question No. 151 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-02-02
Subject: PLI Scheme to boost Steel
Ministry: STEEL
Asked by: Chandra Sekhar Sahu

THE MINISTER OF STEEL

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF STEEL

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.151 FOR ANSWER ON 02/02/2022

## PLI SCHEME TO BOOST STEEL

151. SHRI CHANDRA SEKHAR SAHU:

Will the Minister of STEEL be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Union Government has approved any funds under PLI scheme recently to boost production of speciality steel in India; and if so, the details thereof and the amount of money approved therefor;
- (b) the  details  of  the  amount  of  additional  investment  expected  by  the  Union Government as a result thereof;
- (c) the details of the fresh job opportunities likely to be generated in steel sector; and
- (d) the details of the categories of speciality steel that have been included in the PLI scheme; and the extent to which it will increase domestic production of steel and reduce its import?

## ANSWER

(SHRI RAM CHANDRA PRASAD SINGH)

(a)to(d): The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme for 'Specialty Steel' has been approved  with  an  outlay  of  ₹6322  Crore  to  be  disbursed  over  FY  2024-25  to  FY 2030-31. The Projected domestic capacity for production of  'Specialty Steel' under the scheme is 42.254 Million Ton (MT) as compared to 17.624 MT during the base year 2019-20 and consequent reduced import to be 0.936 MT as against 3.758 MT in the base year. The Scheme envisages investment of about ₹39,625 Crore, reduction in import of about ₹17,000 Crore as compared to the base year. The Scheme has an employment generation potential of about 5,25,000, of which approximately 68,000 will  be  direct,  and  the  rest  will  be  indirect  employment.  The  product  categories covered  under  the  PLI  Scheme  are  (i)  Coated/Plated  Steel  Products,  (ii)  High Strength/Wear  Resistant  Steel,  (iii)  Specialty  Rails,  (iv)  Alloy  Steel  Products  and Steel Wires, and (v) Electrical Steel.

********
Lok Sabha Question No. 150 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-02-02
Subject: Corruption/Criminal Charges Against Higher Officer
Ministry: PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES AND PENSIONS
Asked by: A.K.P. Chinraj

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES AND PENSIONS (DEPARTMENT OF PERSONNEL & TRAINING)

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 150

(TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.02.2022)

## CORRUPTION/CRIMINAL CHARGES AGAINST HIGHER OFFICERS

## 150. SHRI A.K.P. CHINRAJ:

Will the PRIME MINISTER be pleased to state:

- (a) whether charge sheets  have  been  filed  in  various  courts  from  01,  Jan  2011  to  30,  Sep 2021 in regard to corruption or other crimes committed by the higher officers under the jurisdiction  of  the  Union  Government  and  the  officers/employees  selected  by  Union Public Service Commission (UPSC);
- (b) if so, the details thereof including the number of such officers/employees;
- (c) the  number of such officers who are still in service despite  charge sheets filed against them;
- (d) whether during the period from 01.01.2018 to 30.06.2021, Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) has filed charge sheets in 84 cases against 96 higher officers under the jurisdiction of the Union Government including the officers selected by UPSC; and
- (e) if  so,  the  details  thereof along with the number of officers out of these who are still in service without suspension?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES AND PENSIONS AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE PRIME MINISTER'S OFFICE (DR. JITENDRA SINGH)

(a) to (e):   During the period from 1 st January 2011 to 30 th September 2021, 662 chargesheets have been filed by Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) in various courts against 805 higher officers under the jurisdiction of the Union Government including the officers recruited through the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).

Chargesheets  have  been  filed  by  the  CBI  in  various  Courts  against  96  such  officers, including 55 officers still in service, in 84 cases during the period 01.01.2018 to 30.06.2021.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 148 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-02-02
Subject: Steel Authority of India Limited
Ministry: STEEL
Asked by: Bheemrao Baswanthrao Patil

THE MINISTER OF STEEL

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF STEEL

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.148 FOR ANSWER ON 02/02/2022

## STEEL AUTHORITY OF INDIA LIMITED

148. SHRI B.B.PATIL:

Will the Minister of STEEL be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) has sponsored any scheme to provide financial assistance to the students for pursuing professional studies and if so, the eligibility criteria prescribed for those students; and
- (b) whether the students living  in  the  periphery  of  the  steel  plants  will  be  given priority in selection for professional courses and if so, the details of the steps taken thereon?

## ANSWER

(SHRI RAM CHANDRA PRASAD SINGH)

(a)&(b)     Under Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program, Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) sponsors youths living in the periphery of the SAIL Plants and Mines for training in  Industrial Training  Institutes  (ITIs)  in  various  trades  like  Fitter, Electrician, Mechanist, Turner, etc. .

The  eligibility  criteria  for  undergoing  these  ITI  training  is  matriculation  and financial status of the parents. The needy matriculate students living in the periphery of the Steel Plants and Mines are given priority in selection for sponsorship of their ITI training.

********
Lok Sabha Question No. 147 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-02-02
Subject: Archiving Call & Internet Data
Ministry: COMMUNICATIONS
Asked by: Manickam Tagore B

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 147 TO BE ANSWERED ON 2 ND  FEBRUARY, 2022

## ARCHIVING CALL & INTERNET DATA

## 147. SHRI MANICKAM TAGORE B.:

Will the Minister of COMMUNICATIONS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether it is a fact that the Government has extended the duration of archiving call data and internet usage records of subscribers to two years from one year due to security reasons;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether it is also true that the amendments in the licenses were issued and extended to other forms of telecom permits and if so, the details thereof;
- (d) whether it is also true that the telecom companies can destroy the data stored thereafter if there is no direction from the Government thereto; and
- (e) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR COMMUNICATIONS (SHRI DEVUSINH CHAUHAN)

(a) to (c) Yes.  Department  of  Telecommunications  has  issued  Amendments  in  Telecom Licenses for change in time period of storage of all commercial records/ Call Data Record (CDR)/ Exchange Detail Record (EDR)/ IP Detail Record (IPDR) by Telecom Licensees. Now, Telecom Licensees have to store such details of subscribers for a minimum period of two years.

- (d) & (e) Yes,  Telecom  Licensees  can  destroy  the  data  stored  thereafter  if  there  is  no direction from the Licensor.

****

****
Lok Sabha Question No. 145 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-02-02
Subject: Setting up of PM Mitra Park
Ministry: TEXTILES
Asked by: Su Thirunavukkarasar

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 145 TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.02.2022

## SETTING UP OF PM MITRA PARK

## 145. SHRI THIRUNAVUKKARASAR SU:

Will the Minister of TEXTILES वस्त्र मंत्री be pleased to state :

- (a) whether the Government has set up a number of Mega Integrated Textile Region and Apparel (PM Mitra) Parks in various States in the country;
- (b) if so, the details along with the outlay thereof, State-wise particularly for the State of Tamil Nadu; and
- (c) the time by when the new PM Mitra Parks are likely to be set up?

उत्तर

ANSWER

## वस्त्र राज् य मंत्री ( श्रीमती दर्शना जरदोर् )

## THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR TEXTILES (SMT. DARSHANA JARDOSH)

(a) to (c): The  Government  has  approved  setting  up  of  7  (Seven)  PM  Mega  Integrated  Textile Region and Apparel (PM MITRA) Parks to develop world class infrastructure including plug and play facility  with  an  outlay  of  Rs.4445  Crore  for  a  period  of  seven  years  upto  2027-28.  The  PM  MITRA Parks Scheme shall be implemented on pan-India basis and there is no specific outlay for any state. The salient  features  of  PM  MITRA  Park  Scheme  are:-  (i)  willing  state  governments  to  have  ready availability of contiguous and encumbrance-free land parcel of 1000+ acres for being eligible. (ii) it is envisaged to be on Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode. (iii)  there is  a  provision  of  Development Capital Support (DCS) @30% of the project cost with a maximum support of Rs.500 Cr and Rs.200 Cr per park for Greenfield and Brownfield PM MITRA Park, respectively. The DCS is for creation of core Infrastructure. (iv) there is provision of Rs.300 Cr per park for incentivizing the industries to set up their units in the park. There is a provision to use 10% of the park's area for Commercial Development (CD) and revenue stream from CD may help maintenance of common assets and facilities. Priority will be given to Technical Textiles, Man-Made Fibre and textile machinery.

The states have been invited to file applications by 15.03.2022 for setting up PM MITRA park.
Lok Sabha Question No. 143 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-02-02
Subject: Loading of Coal and Cement
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: Kunwar Danish Ali

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 143

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.02.2022

Loading of Coal and Cement † 143. KUNWAR DANISH ALI:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether it is a fact that pollution level rises considerably while loading of coal and cement at the godowns, causing much trouble to people residing in the nearby areas, if so, the details thereof;
- (b) whether the Railways has taken/is taking any steps in view of the health of the people;
- (c) if so, the details thereof; and
- (d) if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF RAILWAYS, COMMUNICATIONS AND

## ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (SHRI ASHWINI VAISHNAW)

- (a) to (d) No, Sir.  Indian Railways have issued detailed guidelines on 16.04.2018  to  all  zonal  railways  to  mitigate  pollution  in  handling  of pollution  intensive  commodities  at  siding  and  goods  sheds  which inter-alia includes:-
- i) Obtaining Consent to Establish in accordance with the provisions of State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) for development/construction of new  siding  /  goods  shed  /  Private  freight  Terminal  /  any  loading  / unloading point.

ii)  Obtaining  consent  to  Operate/Consent  for  Operation  from  State Pollution  Control  Board  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  State Pollution  Control  Board  for  existing  sidings  keeping  in  view  the notified  areas  /  air  pollution  control  areas  and  categorisation  of Industrial Sectors. iii) Zonal Railways be aware of Air Pollution Control Areas notified by respective SPCBs and ensure compliance to applicable environmental legislations. iv)  In  addition  to  air  pollution,  water  pollution  and  noise  pollution should also be taken care of depending upon the extent of pollution and environmental impact for specific commodities and locations. v)  Provision  of  paved  approach  roads  with  adequate  traffic  carrying capacity  at  each  loading/unloading  point  and  repair/maintenance  of existing road which are in bad condition. vi) Water sprinkling system through mechanised System or tankers to control dust pollution. vii) Appropriate green belt cover at loading/unloading point. viii) Where  necessary, the heavy loading and unloading traffic handling points to be provided with dust screen walls along periphery of the premises with adequate height. ix)  Additional free time of one hour per rake has been permitted for covering  open  wagons  with  tarpaulins  during  loading  of  loose/bulk commodities at all kinds of freight terminals e.g. good sheds, sidings (including Engine-on-Load) and Private Freight Terminals etc.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 141 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-02-02
Subject: Use of Cyclotron for Production of Radio Isotope
Ministry: ATOMIC ENERGY
Asked by: Ramya  Haridas

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA DEPARTMENT OF ATOMIC ENERGY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO-141

TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.02.2022

## USE OF CYCLOTRON FOR PRODUCTION OF RADIO ISOTOPE

141. MS. RAMYA HARIDAS:

Will the PRIME MINISTER be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  Cyclotron  is  used  for  the  production  of  Radio  Isotope  which  is  used  for diagnosis and treatment of cancer and if so, the types of cancer in which this Radio Isotope is used;
- (b) whether  the  Cyclotron-30,  the  biggest  cyclotron  for  medical  use  facility  in  the country is operational now; and
- (c) if so, the cost incurred in the research and construction of it?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES & PENSIONS AND PRIME MINISTER'S OFFICE (Dr. JITENDRA SINGH):

- (a) Yes sir.  Cyclotrons  are  used  for  the  production  of radioisotopes  primarily  for diagnostic  purpose  using  Positron  Emission  Tomography  (PET)  technique. These  PET  scans  provide  diagnosis,  staging,  recurrence  and  treatment response to cancer therapy (all types of cancers).  It is also used in assessing myocardial  viability,  brain  metabolism  studies  in  neuro-psychiatric  cases, infection imaging etc.
- (b)&(c) Yes sir. The cost incurred for the medical cyclotron facility up to 31.12.2021 is Rs. 228.98 crores.

* * * * *
Lok Sabha Question No. 139 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-02-02
Subject: Helipad near Railway Track
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: Ranjanben Dhananjay Bhatt

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 139 TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.02.2022

HELIPAD NEAR RAILWAY TRACK

†139.   SHRIMATI RANJANBEN DHANANJAY BHATT:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether it is a fact that there is a demand to construct a helipad near Railway track;
- (b) if so, whether the Government has any proposal in this regard as on date;
- (c) if so, the details thereof; and
- (d) if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF RAILWAYS, COMMUNICATIONS AND ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (SHRI ASHWINI VAISHNAW)

- (a)  :  No  demand  for  using  Railway's  land  to  construct  a  helipad  has been received.
- (b) to (d): Do not arise.

******