Lok Sabha Question No. 4583 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-03-30
Subject: Poor People in the Country
Ministry: PLANNING
Asked by: Nusrat Jahan Ruhi

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PLANNING

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 4583

TO BE ANSWERED ON 30.03.2022

## POOR PEOPLE IN THE COUNTRY

## 4583. SHRIMATI NUSRAT JAHAN RUHI:

Will the Minister of PLANNING be pleased to state:

- (a) the details including the number of poor people in the country, State-wise;
- (b) the  details  including  the  number  of  poor  people  belonging  to  SC/ST/OBC  and  the minorities, State-wise;
- (c) whether the gap between the rich and the poor is continuously widening in the country, if so, details thereof and the reasons therefor;
- (d) the  details  of  the  steps  taken  or  proposed  to  be  taken  by  Government  to  bridge  the widening gap between the rich and the poor in the country; and
- (e) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF STATISTICS & PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION; MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF PLANNING AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRS

## (RAO INDERJIT SINGH)

- (a) The State/UT-wise details of population living below poverty line in 2011-12 based on Tendulkar Methodology are given at Annexure-I.
- (b) The State -wise Percentage of persons living below poverty line of Social Groups, 201112 based on Tendulkar Methodology is given at Annexure-II.
- (c) Household consumption expenditure data collected by NSO is used as a proxy to capture the economic  disparity. Based  on Mixed  Reference  Period of the Quinquennial Household  Consumer  Expenditure  Surveys  of  the  NSO  conducted  in  2004-05  (61st round) and 2011-12 (68th round), the Gini coefficient (measuring the inequality between different  expenditure  classes  of  the  population)  in  rural  areas  has  remained  almost  the same in 2004-05 and 2011-12 at 0.27 and 0.28 respectively. In the urban areas, the Gini coefficient has increased marginally from 0.35 in 2004-05 to 0.37 in 2011-12.
- (d) & (e) The Government of India has been focusing on inclusive growth as reflected in its commitment to Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas and has taken various steps to uplift the people living below poverty line in the country. Government of India is implementing several schemes, both Central sector and Centrally Sponsored Schemes, for reducing the poverty in the country. Some of the schemes aim to directly benefit the citizens through Direct Benefit transfer of resources/ money while others aim at creating enabling infrastructural provisions.   These  include  Mahatma  Gandhi   National  Rural  Employment  Guarantee Scheme (Mahatma Gandhi NREGS), Pradhan Mantri  Awaas Yojana - Gramin (PMAYG),  Pradhan  Mantri  Gram  Sadak  Yojana  (PMGSY),   Deendayal  Antyodaya  Yojana  National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM), Deen  Dayal Upadhayay - Gramin Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY), Rural Self Employment Training  Institutes (RSETIs), National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP), PM Street Vendor's AtmaNirbhar Nidhi (PM SVANidhi) Scheme, Shyama Prasad  Mukherji Rurban Mission (SPMRM), Pradhan Mantri  Garib  Kalyan  Anna  Yojna  (PMGKAY),  Aspirational  Districts  Programme, Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi, Pradhan Mantri Kisan Maan-Dhan Yojana,  Skill India,  Sansad  Adarsh  Gram  Yojana,  Pradhan  Mantri  Jan-Dhan  Yojana  (PMJDY), Pradhan  Mantri  Suraksha  Bima  Yojana  (PMSBY),  Pradhan  Mantri  Jeevan  Jyoti  Bima Yojana, Atal Pension Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana, Stand Up India Scheme, Pradhan Krishi Sinchai Yojana, Swachh Bharat Mission (Rural and Urban), etc.

*****

Annexure-I Number and Percentage of Population below poverty line by states-2011-12 (Tendulkar Methodology)

| S .   | States                   | Rural       | Rural                  | Urban       | Urban                  | Total       | Total                  |
|-------|--------------------------|-------------|------------------------|-------------|------------------------|-------------|------------------------|
| No.   | States                   | %of Persons | No. of Persons (lakhs) | %of Persons | No. of Persons (lakhs) | %of Persons | No. of Persons (lakhs) |
| 1     | Andhra Pradesh           | 10.96       | 61.80                  | 5.81        | 16.98                  | 9.20        | 78.78                  |
| 2     | Arunachal Pradesh        | 38.93       | 4.25                   | 20.33       | 0.66                   | 34.67       | 4.91                   |
| 3     | Assam                    | 33.89       | 92.06                  | 20.49       | 9.21                   | 31.98       | 101.27                 |
| 4     | Bihar                    | 34.06       | 320.40                 | 31.23       | 37.75                  | 33.74       | 358.15                 |
| 5     | Chhattisgarh             | 44.61       | 88.90                  | 24.75       | 15.22                  | 39.93       | 104.11                 |
| 6     | Delhi                    | 12.92       | 0.50                   | 9.84        | 16.46                  | 9.91        | 16.96                  |
| 7     | Goa                      | 6.81        | 0.37                   | 4.09        | 0.38                   | 5.09        | 0.75                   |
| 8     | Gujarat                  | 21.54       | 75.35                  | 10.14       | 26.88                  | 16.63       | 102.23                 |
| 9     | Haryana                  | 11.64       | 19.42                  | 10.28       | 9.41                   | 11.16       | 28.83                  |
| 10    | Himachal Pradesh         | 8.48        | 5.29                   | 4.33        | 0.30                   | 8.06        | 5.59                   |
| 11    | Jammu &Kashmir           | 11.54       | 10.73                  | 7.20        | 2.53                   | 10.35       | 13.27                  |
| 12    | Jharkhand                | 40.84       | 104.09                 | 24.83       | 20.24                  | 36.96       | 124.33                 |
| 13    | Karnataka                | 24.53       | 92.80                  | 15.25       | 36.96                  | 20.91       | 129.76                 |
| 14    | Kerala                   | 9.14        | 15.48                  | 4.97        | 8.46                   | 7.05        | 23.95                  |
| 15    | Madhya Pradesh           | 35.74       | 190.95                 | 21.00       | 43.10                  | 31.65       | 234.06                 |
| 16    | Maharashtra              | 24.22       | 150.56                 | 9.12        | 47.36                  | 17.35       | 197.92                 |
| 17    | Manipur                  | 38.80       | 7.45                   | 32.59       | 2.78                   | 36.89       | 10.22                  |
| 18    | Meghalaya                | 12.53       | 3.04                   | 9.26        | 0.57                   | 11.87       | 3.61                   |
| 19    | Mizoram                  | 35.43       | 1.91                   | 6.36        | 0.37                   | 20.40       | 2.27                   |
| 20    | Nagaland                 | 19.93       | 2.76                   | 16.48       | 1.00                   | 18.88       | 3.76                   |
| 21    | Odisha                   | 35.69       | 126.14                 | 17.29       | 12.39                  | 32.59       | 138.53                 |
| 22    | Punjab                   | 7.66        | 13.35                  | 9.24        | 9.82                   | 8.26        | 23.18                  |
| 23    | Rajasthan                | 16.05       | 84.19                  | 10.69       | 18.73                  | 14.71       | 102.92                 |
| 24    | Sikkim                   | 9.85        | 0.45                   | 3.66        | 0.06                   | 8.19        | 0.51                   |
| 25    | Tamil Nadu               | 15.83       | 59.23                  | 6.54        | 23.40                  | 11.28       | 82.63                  |
| 26    | Tripura                  | 16.53       | 4.49                   | 7.42        | 0.75                   | 14.05       | 5.24                   |
| 27    | Uttarakhand              | 11.62       | 8.25                   | 10.48       | 3.35                   | 11.26       | 11.60                  |
| 28    | Uttar Pradesh            | 30.40       | 479.35                 | 26.06       | 118.84                 | 29.43       | 598.19                 |
| 29    | West Bengal              | 22.52       | 141.14                 | 14.66       | 43.83                  | 19.98       | 184.98                 |
| 30    | Puducherry               | 17.06       | 0.69                   | 6.30        | 0.55                   | 9.69        | 1.24                   |
| 31    | Andaman &Nicobar Islands | 1.57        | 0.04                   | 0.00        | 0.00                   | 1.00        | 0.04                   |
| 32    | Chandigarh               | 1.64        | 0.004                  | 22.31       | 2.34                   | 21.81       | 2.35                   |
| 33    | Dadra &Nagar Haveli      | 62.59       | 1.15                   | 15.38       | 0.28                   | 39.31       | 1.43                   |

- Notes:  1. Population as on 1st March 2012 has been used for estimating number of persons below poverty line. (2011 Census population extrapolated)
2. Poverty line of Tamil Nadu has been used for Andaman and Nicobar Island.
3. Urban Poverty Line of Punjab has been used for both rural and urban areas of Chandigarh.
4. Poverty Line of Maharashtra has been used for Dadra & Nagar Haveli.
5. Poverty line of Goa has been used for Daman & Diu.
6. Poverty Line of Kerala has been used for Lakshadweep.

## Annexure-II

State -wise Percentage of persons below poverty line of Social Groups, 2011-12 (Tendulkar Methodology)

5.8

20.6

31.2

24.8

10.1

10.3

4.3

7.2

24.8

15.3

5.0

21.0

9.1

17.3

9.2

10.7

6.5

26.1

10.5

14.7

13.7

| S. No.   | States           | RURAL   | RURAL   | RURAL   | RURAL   | RURAL   | URBAN   | URBAN   | URBAN   | URBAN   | URBAN   |
|----------|------------------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|
| S. No.   | States           | ST      | SC      | OBC     | Others  | Total   | ST      | SC      | OBC     | Others  | Total   |
| 1        | Andhra Pradesh   | 24.1    | 13.1    | 9.3     | 6.8     | 11.0    | 12.1    | 10.9    | 5.5     | 4.3     | 5.8     |
| 2        | Assam            | 33.4    | 28.2    | 34.4    | 34.9    | 33.9    | 15.6    | 30.5    | 11.0    | 21.2    | 20.6    |
| 3        | Bihar            | 59.3    | 51.7    | 31.3    | 23.3    | 34.1    | 10.3    | 43.0    | 32.9    | 17.8    | 31.2    |
| 4        | Chhattisgarh     | 52.6    | 48.2    | 38.7    | 7.7     | 44.6    | 35.2    | 39.5    | 24.9    | 10.6    | 24.8    |
| 5        | Gujarat          | 36.5    | 22.3    | 18.9    | 6.1     | 21.5    | 30.1    | 12.7    | 15.3    | 5.1     | 10.1    |
| 6        | Haryana          | 3.3     | 23.6    | 13.4    | 3.3     | 11.6    | 14.2    | 25.9    | 12.9    | 4.9     | 10.3    |
| 7        | Himachal Pradesh | 9.5     | 16.5    | 2.3     | 7.0     | 8.5     | 4.0     | 9.9     | 9.9     | 1.7     | 4.3     |
| 8        | Jammu &Kashmir   | 16.3    | 18.8    | 7.5     | 10.2    | 11.5    | 3.0     | 18.0    | 4.1     | 6.1     | 7.2     |
| 9        | Jharkhand        | 51.6    | 40.4    | 36.4    | 31.3    | 40.8    | 28.7    | 40.6    | 28.2    | 12.5    | 24.8    |
| 10       | Karnataka        | 30.8    | 37.1    | 20.7    | 21.6    | 24.5    | 33.7    | 25.0    | 15.0    | 8.8     | 15.3    |
| 11       | Kerala           | 41.0    | 17.8    | 7.6     | 7.0     | 9.1     | 13.6    | 6.0     | 5.7     | 2.7     | 5.0     |
| 12       | Madhya Pradesh   | 55.3    | 41.3    | 24.7    | 19.6    | 35.7    | 32.3    | 33.2    | 21.0    | 13.1    | 21.0    |
| 13       | Maharashtra      | 61.6    | 23.8    | 18.2    | 16.5    | 24.2    | 23.3    | 15.8    | 8.7     | 6.0     | 9.1     |
| 14       | Orissa           | 63.5    | 41.4    | 24.2    | 14.2    | 35.7    | 39.7    | 26.3    | 22.1    | 6.7     | 17.3    |
| 15       | Punjab           | 0.0     | 14.7    | 3.6     | 1.1     | 7.7     | 7.2     | 18.3    | 14.0    | 3.8     | 9.2     |
| 16       | Rajasthan        | 41.4    | 18.6    | 8.5     | 3.8     | 16.1    | 21.7    | 19.2    | 12.0    | 3.6     | 10.7    |
| 17       | Tamil Nadu       | 36.8    | 23.3    | 12.9    | 1.0     | 15.8    | 2.8     | 9.3     | 6.3     | 1.8     | 6.5     |
| 18       | Uttar Pradesh    | 27.0    | 41.1    | 30.7    | 12.5    | 30.4    | 16.3    | 39.1    | 32.1    | 12.8    | 26.1    |
| 19       | Uttarakhand      | 11.9    | 15.6    | 14.4    | 9.0     | 11.6    | 25.7    | 9.3     | 19.1    | 6.4     | 10.5    |
| 20       | West Bengal      | 50.1    | 22.6    | 19.0    | 20.0    | 22.5    | 44.5    | 15.7    | 15.7    | 13.3    | 14.7    |
|          | All India        | 45.3    | 31.5    | 22.6    | 15.5    | 25.7    | 24.1    | 21.7    | 15.4    | 8.1     | 13.7    |

Legend:SC=Scheduled Castes; ST=Scheduled Tribes; OBC=Other Backward Castes

- NB:1.The  poverty  ratios  among  the  social  groups  are  estimated  from  the  percentage  distribution  of persons of the respective social groups as obtained from the large sample survey consumer expenditure data of the NSS and the poverty line for all population.
2.   The poverty ratios are based on MRP (Mixed Recall Period) consumption distribution.
3.   All India poverty ratio for the social groups is worked out from the respective NSS distribution of persons and (implicit) all-India poverty line for all population.
4.   The poverty ratio  among Scheduled Tribes population at State level may be treated with caution due to small sample size of household based on which the class distribution of persons have been obtained. These States are: in rural areas, number of sample household is 9 in Haryana and 3 in Punjab . Similarly, in urban areas, number of sample households is 18 in Bihar14 in Haryana, 18 in Himachal Pradesh9 in Kerala and 17 in Punjab.