opensansad/lok-sabha-qa huggingface dataset:
Lok Sabha Question No. 2521 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-12-13
Subject: Preservation of Culture, Language and Script of Konds Tribes
Ministry: TRIBAL AFFAIRS
Asked by: Anubhav Mohanty

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF TRIBAL AFFAIRS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO2521

TO BE ANSWERED ON-13/12/2021

## PRESERVATION OF CULTURE, LANGUAGE AND SCRIPT OF KONDS TRIBES

## 2521. SHRI ANUBHAV MOHANTY:

Will the Minister of TRIBAL AFFAIRS be pleased to state:

(a) whether the Government is aware that the Konds (also Khond, Kondhor Kondha) are the largest tribe in Odisha from the Kandhmal district;

(b) whether the Government is aware that the people of this tribe speak Kui language which is a rare Dravidian language written in Oriya script; and

(c) if so, the steps taken by the Government to preserve this primitive tribe, its culture, language and its script?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR TRIBAL AFFAIRS (SMT. RENUKA SINGH SARUTA)

(a)  &  (b):  Yes  Sir.  As  informed  by  Government  of  Odisha,  Konds  is  the  largest  tribe  of  Odisha distributed  in  various  pockets  of   southern  Odisha  including  Kandhamal   district.  This  community speaks 'Kui' language in Kandhamal district and 'Kuvi' language in Rayagada district. Kuvi language belongs to Dravidian linguistic group.

(c):  Ministry of Tribal Affairs provides grants to State Tribal Reasercah Institutes for preservation and promotion of tribal languages.   Further New Education Policy also stipulates that young children learn and  grasp  quickly  in  their  home  language  and  mother  tongue.  Accordingly,  Central  and  State Government  are  making  efforts  to  encourage  multi-lingual  policy  for  imparting  education.The details of efforts made in preservation of language and culture are as under:

## A. Language Preservation

(i) Prepared Bilingual Dictionary in 'Kui' and  'Kuvi' languages.

(ii) Prepared Trilingual Proficiency Module in 'Kui'  and 'Kuvi' languages.

(iii)  Prepared  Supplementary  Readers  in  'Kui'  and   'Kuvi'  language  under  Multi  Lingual Education  (MLE) Intervention.

(iv) Prepared Primers for the students of Class-I, II, & III in both 'Kui' and 'Kuvi' languages.

(v) Capacity building training of SSD School Teachers has been undertaken in both 'Kui' and 'Kuvi' languages

## B. Culture Preservation

(vi) Rare art, craft and artefacts are collected and  showcased in Odisha State Tribal Museum  (OSTM) to preserve and propagate tribal culture of  this community.

(vii)  Various  aspects  of  culture  have  also  been  documented  (Audio  Video  Documentation)  and showcased in Odisha State Tribal Museum

(viii) Published Photo Handbook and also Monograph (The Kondhs of Odisha) on Kandha (Khond, Kond) community.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2518 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-12-13
Subject: Conservation and Maintenance of Monuments in Jaunpur
Ministry: CULTURE
Asked by: Shyam Yadav Singh

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CULTURE

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2518

TO BE ANSWERED ON 13.12.2021

## CONSERVATION AND MAINTENANCE OF MONUMENTS IN JAUNPUR

## 2518. SHRI SHYAM SINGH YADAV:

Will the Minister of CULTURE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government is aware about the historical significance of Jaunpur district ;
- (b) if so, whether the Government plans to undertake conservation and maintenance activities of the historical monuments in Jaunpur district;
- (c) the amount of funds the Government plans to allocate for this purpose and the department through which the work is going to be carried out; and
- (d) whether the Government plans to build a museum to showcase the culture and history of Jaunpur district; and
- (e) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER FOR CULTURE, TOURISM AND DEVELOPMENT OF NORTH EASTERN REGION

## (SHRI G. KISHAN REDDY)

- (a) Yes, Sir. There are sixteen centrally protected monuments in Jaunpur district.
- (b) & (c) Regular conservation and maintenance works are undertaken as and when required by the Sarnath Circle of Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), and expenditure incurred for the same during last three years and current year are as under (in Rs):
- (d) At present, there is no such proposal with ASI.

| 2018-19   | 2019-20   | 2020-21   | 2021-22   |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
| 13,28,970 | 46,26,415 | 94,57,263 | 63,25,788 |

&

(e)

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2514 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-12-13
Subject: Science Scholarships for Girls
Ministry: Education
Asked by: Hasmukhbhai Somabhai Patel

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION & LITERACY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2514 TO BE ANSWERED ON 13-12-2021

## Science Scholarships for Girls

## 2514. SHRI PATEL HASMUKHBHAI SOMABHAI:

Will the Minister of EDUCATION f'k{kk ea=h be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has any plans to introduce the science scholarship scheme for meritorious girls from the first year of the secondary stage of schooling to increase the transition rate of girls from secondary to post-secondary stage of education; and
- (b) if so, the details thereof;

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION (SMT. ANNPURNA DEVI)

- (a)  &  (b)  The  Department  of  School  Education  and  Literacy  is  implementing  the  following scholarship programmes for secondary school students:
- (i) National Means cum Merit Scholarship Scheme (NMMSS) for classes IX to XII.
- (ii) National Talent Search Scheme (NTSS) for class X & XII upto higher education.

Both schemes are for meritorious students including girls and selection is through examination process.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2511 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-12-13
Subject: Central Teachers Eligibility Test (CTET)
Ministry: Education
Asked by: Gopal Jee Thakur

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION & LITERACY

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2511 TO BE ANSWERED ON 13.12.2021

## Central Teachers Eligibility Test (CTET)

†2511. SHRI GOPAL JEE THAKUR:

Will the Minister of EDUCATION be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Central  Teacher  Eligibility  Test  (CTET)  is  conducted  in  twenty Indian languages;
- (b) if so, the detail thereof;
- (c) whether  it  is  proposed  to  include  Maithili  language  in  CTET  which  is considered  most sweet and  ancient language and included in Eighth Schedule  of  the  Constitution  and  courses  of  Central  Board  of  Secondary Education (CBSE); and
- (d) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION ) SMT. ANNPURNA DEVI)

(a) to (d): Yes,  Sir.  The  National  Council  for  Teacher  Education  (NCTE)  has circulated  guidelines  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  Para  8  for  conducting Teacher Eligibility  Test  (TET)  under  Right  of  Education  to  Free  and  Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009 subject to the condition that the Question Paper shall be bilingual  (i)  in  languages  as  decided  by  the  appropriate  Government;  and  (ii) English Language.

The Central Teacher Eligibility Test (CTET) is conducted by Central Board of Secondary  Education  (CBSE)  in  20  languages  viz.,  (i)  English, (ii)  Hindi, (iii) Assamese, (iv)  Bengali, (v) Garo,  (vi) Gujarati, (vii) Kannada, (viii) Khasi, (ix) Malayalam,  (x) Manipuri, (xi) Marathi, (xii) Mizo, (xiii) Nepali, (xiv) Oriya, (xv) Punjabi, (xvi) Sanskrit, (xvii) Tamil, (xviii) Telugu, (xix) Tibetan, and (xx) Urdu.

****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2509 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-12-13
Subject: Safety of Students in Schools
Ministry: Education
Asked by: Shankar Lalwani

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION & LITERACY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 2509 TO BE ANSWERED ON 13.12.2021

## Safety of Students in Schools

## †2509. SHRI SHANKAR LALWANI:

Will the Minister of EDUCATION be pleased to state:

(a) whether  the  Government  has  any  proposal  to  issue  new  guidelines  in  order  to  fix  the responsibility of the schools in the matter of security of the students; and if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor; and

(b) whether any punitive action has been ensured by the schools for not implementing the safety guidelines for students and if so, the details thereof?

## A N S W E R

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION (SMT. ANNPURNA DEVI)

(a) & (b): Education is a subject in the concurrent list of the Constitution and therefore safety and security of the school children come under the purview of the respective States and UTs. Department of School Education and Literacy (DoSEL), Ministry of Education has developed Guidelines on School Safety and Security, which, interalia, contain provisions for fixing the accountability  of  the  school  management  in  the  matter  of  safety  and  security  of  children studying in Government, Government-aided and Private Schools. These guidelines have been circulated  to  all  States/UTs/Autonomous  Bodies  of  DoSEL  and  Stakeholder  Ministries  on 01.10.2021.  The  guidelines  detail  the  accountability  of  various  stakeholders  and  different departments in ensuring the safety and security of children in schools. The guidelines issued by the center are advisory in nature and States/UTs are expected to implement them and they may  incorporate  additions/modifications  to  them,  if  deemed  necessary,  according  to  their specific requirements. These guidelines are uploaded on the website of  DoSEL  at https://dsel.education.gov.in/archivesupdate?title=&field\_update\_category\_target\_id=All.
Lok Sabha Question No. 2507 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-12-13
Subject: Toilets in Schools
Ministry: Education
Asked by: Gurjeet Singh Aujla

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION AND LITERACY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.2507 TO BE ANSWERED ON 13.12.2021

## Toilets in Schools

## 2507. SHRI GURJEET SINGH AUJLA:

Will the Minister of EDUCATION be pleased to state:

- (a) the  funds  allocated  to  the  border  areas  of  Punjab,  particularly  in  Amritsar  District  for  the construction of toilets in schools under Swachch Vidyalaya Abhiyan during the last five years, year-wise?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION (SMT ANNPURNA DEVI)

- (a) The funds allocated for construction of toilets in schools of Border areas of Punjab, district wise  &  year-wise,  during  the  last  five  years,  under  the  Centrally  Sponsored  schemes  of  the Department of School Education & Literacy are as follows:

(Rs. in lakh)

| Years   |   Amritsar |   Fazilka |   Firozpur |   Gurdaspur |   Pathankot |   Tarn Taran |
|---------|------------|-----------|------------|-------------|-------------|--------------|
| 2016-17 |       0    |      9.52 |       3.13 |        0    |        4.26 |         2    |
| 2017-18 |       1.18 |     37.26 |      12.78 |        1.18 |        0    |        16.02 |
| 2018-19 |       0    |      0    |       0    |        0    |        0    |         0    |
| 2019-20 |       0    |      0    |       0    |        0    |        0    |         0    |
| 2020-21 |       1.18 |      2.31 |       0    |        2.31 |        1.18 |         0    |

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2506 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-12-13
Subject: Setting up of Fiscal Council
Ministry: FINANCE
Asked by: Arvind Kumar Sharma

- (a)       No Sir.
- (b)       Does not arise.
- (c)          Institutions  such  as  the  Comptroller  and  Auditor  General  of  India,  the  National Statistical  Commission,  Finance  Commission,  etc.  perform  some  or  all  of  the  roles proposed by the FRBM Review Committee to the Fiscal Council.

*****

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2506 ANSWERED ON 13.12.2021

## SETTING UP OF FISCAL COUNCIL

## 2506. DR. ARVIND KUMAR SHARMA

Will the Minister of FINANCE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government is considering positively for setting up of an independent fiscal council consisting of experts as suggested by the Committee on Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management;
- (b) if so, the details of steps taken/ proposed; and
- (c) if not, the reasons therefor?

## A N S W E R

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR FINANCE (SHRI PANKAJ CHAUDHARY)
Lok Sabha Question No. 2505 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-12-13
Subject: Reward to Domestic Tourists
Ministry: TOURISM
Asked by: Vinod Chavda

MINISTER OF TOURISM

(SHRI G. KISHAN REDDY)

(a) & (b): No, Sir. The Ministry of Tourism has launched the Dekho Apna Desh initiative in  January 2020 with the objective of creating awareness among  the  citizens  about  the  rich  heritage  and  culture  of  the  country, encouraging  citizens  to  travel  widely  within  the  country  and  enhancing tourist footfalls, leading to development of local economy and creation of jobs  at  the  local  level.  This  initiative  is  in  line  with  the  15  August  2020 address of the Honourable Prime Minister asking every citizen to visit at least 15 destinations by the year 2022 to promote domestic tourism.

Under this initiative Ministry is organizing a series of webinars under the  overall  theme  of  Dekho  Apna  Desh,  showcasing  the  diverse  culture, heritage, destinations and tourism products of the country. As on date 112 webinars covering different  States/Union  Territories  have  been  organized as part of the initiative.

To create mass awareness, the Ministry has also launched an online Dekho Apna Desh pledge and Quiz on the  MyGov.in  platform.  The  online pledge and Quiz are open to all for participation.

Dekho Apna Desh initiative is being promoted extensively on social media accounts and website of the Ministry and by Domestic India Tourism offices.

******

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF TOURISM

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.2505 ANSWERED ON 13.12.2021

## REWARD TO DOMESTIC TOURISTS

## †2505. SHRI VINOD L. CHAVDA:

Will the Minister of TOURISM be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Government  has  decided  to  reward  the  passengers visiting 15 domestic tourist spots in a year sponsoring their travelling expenses as stimulus; and
- (b) if so, the details thereof and the objective behind this?

## ANSWER
Lok Sabha Question No. 2497 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-12-13
Subject: Shooting of Birds
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Hema Malini

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2497 TO BE ANSWERED ON 13.12.2021

## Shooting of Birds

## 2497.   SHRIMATI  HEMA MALINI:

Will  the  Minister  of  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether it is a fact that a large number of birds are shot with air guns in the country and the population of birds is declining rapidly;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether the Government is working on any scheme for running a campaign to get air guns surrendered in entire country; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI ASHWINI KUMAR CHOUBEY)

- (a) to (d) The Ministry is aware that birds are shot using airguns in different parts of the  country.  Appropriate  action  under  applicable  statutes  is  taken  by  the respective States/Union Territories as and when such cases are reported.

Keeping in view of the seriousness of the issue, the States/Union Territories organize regular awareness programmes during various occasions to sensitize people for protection of birds.  Bird festivals, nature walks etc are also  organized  for  involving  youth  and  general  public  which  help  in protection of wildlife and their  habitats.  The  Ministry provides financial assistance to the States/Union territories under Centrally Sponsored Scheme 'Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitat', which also includes activities for awareness generation amongst public for protection of wildlife including birds.    The  States  of  Arunachal  Pradesh,    Manipur  and  Nagaland  have initiated  drive  for  creating  public  awareness  against  hunting  of  birds  and launched  campaign  for  surrender  for  airguns  on  voluntary  basis.    As reported  by  the  States,  1671  airguns  have  been  surrendered  in  Arunachal Pradesh and 150 airguns in Nagaland.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2494 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-12-13
Subject: Rayalaseema Lift Irrigation Scheme
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Reddeppa Nallakonda Gari

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.2494

TO BE ANSWERED ON 13.12.2021

## Rayalaseema Lift Irrigation Scheme

## 2494.   SHRI N. REDDEPPA:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has received a letter from the Government of Andhra Pradesh requesting environmental clearance for Rayalaseema Lift Irrigation Scheme and if so, the details thereof including the Ministry's response thereto; and
- (b) whether the Government has expedited the process for issuing environmental clearance for the proposed Rayalseema Lift Scheme and if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI ASHWINI KUMAR CHOUBEY)

(a)  &  (b)  Yes  Sir.  The  State  Government  of  Andhra  Pradesh  vide  letter  no. CE(P)KNL/ICD32-TW/2021/AEE5/RLS  dated  08 th June,  2021  has  submitted  a proposal  seeking  amendment  to  the  existing  Environmental  Clearances  to  include Rayalaseema  Lift  Scheme  under  the  provisions  of  the  EIA  Notification,  2006,  as amended. The instant Proposal has been considered by the sectoral Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) in its meetings held on 16 th -17 th June, 2021 and 7 th July, 2021 and after detail  deliberation the EAC has sought following information from the project proponent for further consideration of the proposal:

- i. A holistic report on water availability in the river, with the existing and future schemes including hydro power projects, should be provided as envisaged in the approved Master Plan for River Developments.
- ii. A study  showing  the  pre  and  post  project  temporal  simulations  of  drawl  of water from the reservoir.
- iii. Detailed status of other similar water lifting projects in the region/ neighbouring States along with status of environmental clearance in respect of such projects.
- iv. The  locations  of  any  Wildlife  Sanctuary,  Reserved  Forest  Area  and  other ecological habitats likely to be affected by the reduced levels in the reservoir post construction of the project.

The  aforementioned  information  as  sought  by  EAC  has  not  been  submitted  by  the Project Proponent till date.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2490 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-12-13
Subject: Studies through Online and Multimedia
Ministry: Education
Asked by: Faizal P.P. Mohammed, Behanan Benny

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

## DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION AND LITERACY

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2490

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 13 TH  DECEMBER, 2021

## Studies through Online and Multimedia

## 2490. SHRI MOHAMMED FAIZAL P.P.: SHRI BENNY BEHANAN:

Will the Minister of EDUCATION be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has maintained data regarding the impact of its initiative to ensure ongoing studies through online and other multimedia platforms for students in rural/urban areas;
- (b) if  so,  the  details  thereof  including the number of users for each initiative in 2020 and 2021, State-wise and year-wise; and
- (c) if not, the reasons therefore ?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION (SMTANNPURNA DEVI)

- (a) to (c) To facilitate the online learning by all students a comprehensive initiative called PM eVIDYA has been initiated as part of AtmaNirbhar Bharat Abhiyaan on 17th May, 2020, which unifies all efforts related to digital/online/on-air education to enable multi-mode access to education. The initiative includes:
- DIKSHA the nation's digital infrastructure for providing quality e-content for school education in states/UTs and QR coded Energized Textbooks for all grades (one nation, one digital platform). Till date (25.11.2021) DIKSHA has more than 402 crores learning sessions, more than 4,844 crore learning minutes and more than 2,730 crores page hits with more than 5 crore average daily page hits. A total of 2,27,704 pieces of e-contents are live on DIKSHA as on date.
- One earmarked Swayam Prabha TV channel per class from 1 to 12 (one class, one channel): The same content is simulcast through YouTube and Jio channels, where the viewership as per latest data is 7,48,06,128.
- Extensive  use  of  Radio,  Community  radio  and  CBSE  Podcast-  Shiksha  Vani: 3,211  pieces  of  curriculum-based  radio  programmes  (Classes  1  -12)  for  its dissemination/ broadcast on 230 Radio Stations (18 GyanVani FM Radio Stations, 80 Community Radio Stations), 132 All India Radio stations, Podcasts on iRadio and JioSaavn Mobile apps.
- Special e-content for visually and  hearing  impaired developed  on  Digitally Accessible Information System (DAISY) and in sign language on NIOS website/ YouTube:    In  all  767  textbook  based  ISL  videos  recorded.  Out  of  these  510 textbook based on ISL videos are uploaded on DIKSHA. Out of 10,000 word ISL dictionary words, all 10,000 ISL dictionary words have been uploaded on DIKSHA. 3,142 audio books chapters are also uploaded on DIKSHA. The data given w.r.t. DIKSHA usage, includes this e-content.

**********
Lok Sabha Question No. 2489 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-12-13
Subject: Excavation Work in Nalanda
Ministry: CULTURE
Asked by: Chhedi Paswan

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CULTURE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2489

TO BE ANSWERED ON 13.12.2021

## EXCAVATION WORK IN NALANDA

## †2489. SHRI CHHEDI PASWAN:

Will the Minister of CULTURE be pleased to state:

- (a) the year-wise details of the funds provided as central financial assistance to Bihar for the upkeep and maintenance of Nalanda and other historical heritages and the development of tourism in the State during the last five years;
- (b) whether excavation work is being carried out by the Government Archaeological Survey of India to discover other historical heritages in Nalanda, Bihar; and
- (c) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER FOR CULTURE, TOURISM AND DEVELOPMENT OF NORTH EASTERN REGION

## (SHRI G. KISHAN REDDY)

- (a) The  details  of  expenditure  incurred  for  maintenance  and  conservation    of    protected monuments in Bihar including excavated remains at Nalanda during last five  years are as under (approx. in lakh Rs):
- (b) ASI carried out excavation at the site of Rukministhan, district Nalanda (Bihar) during field

|   2016-17 |   2017-18 |   2018-19 |   2019-20 |   2020-21 |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
|     30129 |     41076 |       175 |       145 |       123 |

&

season 2014-15 and 2015-16. The excavations revealed two phases of occupation affiliated

- (c) to  Gupta  and  Pala  period.  Besides,  important  structural  findings  include  a  small  monastic complex,  temple  platform  and  votive  stupa  complex  around  the  temple, kirtimukha, two statues of Buddha along with antiquarian materials such as beads, dices, gamesmen, stamps, sealing, amulet, mould, dabber, plaque, animal and human figurines, ear-lobe, spool, etc.

*****