Lok Sabha Question No. 279 (STARRED), answered on 2021-08-06
Subject: National Clean Air Programme
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Jayadev Galla

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION No. 279

TO BE ANSWERED ON06.08.2021

## National Clean Air Programme

## *279.  SHRI  JAYADEV  GALLA:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) the measures being undertaken under the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) to achieve the targets;
- (b) the progress made towards targets specified in NCAP in terms of reduction of PM 2.5 and PM 10 recorded between 2019-2021 and pre 2019 period and the number of monitoring meters installed, State/UT-wise;
- (c) whether Rs.4,400 crore package was announced in the budget for 2020-21 for NCAP;
- (d) if  so,  the  details  regarding  utilisation  of  the  funds,  indicating  the  break-up  in  different operating costs;
- (e) whether the Government has taken action on National Green Tribunal's suggestions to modify NCAP  for  better results including reducing timeline, increasing targets, shift to evehicles/CNG vehicles,  intensifying  public  transport  system,  mechanical  cleaning  of  roads, enhancement of public parking facilities, improvement in fuel quality and traffic management; and
- (f) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER FOR ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI BHUPENDER YADAV)

- (a) to (f) : A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

*****

STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARAS (a) TO (f) OF THE LOK SABHA STARRED  QUESTION  NO.  279  DUE  FOR  REPLY  ON  06.08.2021  REGRADING NATIONAL  CLEAN  AIR  PROGRAMME  RAISED  BY  SHRI  JAYADEV  GALLA, HON'BLE MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT

## (a) :

Several steps  are  undertaken  under  NCAP  for  achieving  the  targets  which  inter-alia includesthe following:

-  City Specific Action Plans have been prepared for 132 non-attainment cities (NACs) and Million Plus Cites (MPCs).
-  City  specific  scientific  studies  for  source  identification  &  Source  Apportionment  & Emission Inventory studies have commenced for NACs.
-  Implementation of the city specific action plans are regularly monitored by Committees  at  Central  and  State  level  namely  Steering  Committee,  Monitoring Committee and Implementation Committee.
-  Expansion of Air Quality Monitoring Network and Certification system for indigenously made instruments.
-  Creation of dedicated Air quality cell at NACs.
-  In order to tackle air pollution emergencies, Emergency Response System (ERS) has been developed for cities.
-  Public Grievance Redressal Portal (PGRP) has been prepared for most of the cities.
-  National Knowledge Network (NKN) and Institutes of Repute have been identified to drive science based air quality management policies at city level.
-  Agreements  have  been  signed  between  State  Pollution  Control  Board,  NKN  and Urban Local Bodies.
-  ₹ 376.5 crore have been released to non-attainment cities under NCAP for initiating actions  such  as  expansion  of  monitoring  network,  source  apportionment  studies, construction  and  demolition  waste  management  facilities,  non-motorised  transport infrastructure, green buffers, mechanical street sweepers, composting units etc.
-  Further steps for mitigation of air pollution include introduction of BS-VI norms for fuel and vehicles since April, 2020, promotion of e-vehicles, stringent emission norms for industries including coal based Thermal Power Plants (TPPs), zig-zag technology for brick kilns, cleaner fuel such as PNG, Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) for plastic and e-waste management, real time monitoring of major industrial sectors, etc. Sector  wise  measures  that  will  help  in  reducing  air  pollution  across  the  country  is enclosed as Annexure I.

## (b):

There  are 1114 monitoring  meters  installed  in  the  country  and  the    State/UT-wiselist  of stations is enclosed as Annexure-II.

National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) has been launched to achieve 20% to 30% reduction in  PM10 and PM2.5 levels by 2024 from 2017 levels. No  year-on-year  reduction target is specified. The air quality trends since 2018-2020 is enclosed as Annexure III .

## (c) & (d):

₹4400 Crores have been sanctioned and released to Municipal Corporationsin the FY 2020-21 as  per  the  recommendations  of  the  XV-  Finance  Commission  to  tackle  the  problem  of  air pollution for 42 cities/ urban agglomerates (UAs) with million plus population.

Funds  allotted  under  XV-FC  is  an  incentive  grant  for  viable  gap  funding  to  supplement resources available under schemes such as Swatch Bharat Mission (SBM) 2.0, Smart City,

SATAT, FAME-II, AMRUT etc. for implementation of activities covered under city action plan to improve the air quality.

## (e) and (f):

As per the directives of the National Green tribunal (NGT), the targets of NCAP have been revisited in the perspective of global scenario and the targets initially laid down are proposed to be retained for the period up to 2024. The City action plan for improvement of air quality for  NCAP  cities  have  been  prepared  considering  the  directives  of  NGT  and  approved  by expert committee constituted by NGT.

*****

## Annexure-I

## Measures taken by the Government for Air Quality Management

- a) Leapfrogging from BS-IV to BS-VI norms for fuel and vehicles from 1 st April, 2020.
- b) Network of Metro rails for public transport are enhanced and more cities are covered.
- c) Development of Expressway and Highways  are  also  reducing  the  fuel  consumption and pollution.
- d) Introduction of cleaner/alternate fuels like CNG, LPG, ethanol blending in petrol.
- e) Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles (FAME) -2 scheme has been rolled out.
- f) Shifting of Brick kilns to zig-zag technology for reduction of pollution.
- g) Industrial units shifting to PNG.
- h) Pradhan MantriUjjwalaYojana is promoting use of cleaner household cooking fuels.
- i) A new initiative,'Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT), is launched to set up 5000 Compressed Bio-Gas (CBG) production plants and make CBG available in the market for use in automotive fuels.
- j) Installation of on-line continuous monitoring devices in highly polluting industries.
- k) Setting up infrastructure such as waste processing plants.
- l) Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) for plastic and e-waste management.
- m) Ban on burning of biomass/garbage.
- n) Under Central Sector Scheme on 'Promotion of Agricultural Mechanization for in-situ management  of  Crop  Residue  in  the  States  of  Punjab,  Haryana,  Uttar  Pradesh  and NCT  of  Delhi', agricultural machines  and  equipment  for  in-situ crop residue management  are  promoted  with  50%  subsidy  to  the  individual  farmers  and  80% subsidy for establishment of Custom Hiring Centres.
- o) The Central Government launched National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) as a longterm, time-bound, national level strategy to tackle the air pollution problem across the country in a comprehensive manner with targets to achieve 20 % to 30 % reduction in Particulate Matter concentrations by 2024.

## Number ofMonitoring Stationsinstalled inState/UTs

| S. No.   | State/UTs                               |   No. of Monitoring Stations |
|----------|-----------------------------------------|------------------------------|
| 1        | Andhra Pradesh                          |                           78 |
| 2        | Arunachal Pradesh                       |                            3 |
| 3        | Assam                                   |                           25 |
| 4        | Bihar                                   |                           19 |
| 5        | Chandigarh (UT)                         |                            6 |
| 6        | Chattishgarh                            |                           13 |
| 7        | Dadar& Nagar Haveli and Daman &Diu (UT) |                            6 |
| 8        | Delhi (UT)                              |                           50 |
| 9        | Goa                                     |                           18 |
| 10       | Gujarat                                 |                           39 |
| 11       | Haryana                                 |                           35 |
| 12       | Himachal Pradesh                        |                           25 |
| 13       | Jammu and Kashmir                       |                            8 |
| 14       | Jharkhand                               |                           11 |
| 15       | Karnataka                               |                           61 |
| 16       | Kerala                                  |                           38 |
| 17       | Lakshadweep (UT)                        |                            1 |
| 18       | Madhya Pradesh                          |                           58 |
| 19       | Maharashtra                             |                          121 |
| 20       | Manipur                                 |                            1 |
| 21       | Meghalaya                               |                           11 |
| 22       | Mizoram                                 |                           20 |
| 23       | Nagaland                                |                           10 |
| 24       | Odisha                                  |                           40 |
| 25       | Puducherry (UT)                         |                            7 |
| 26       | Punjab                                  |                           55 |
| 27       | Rajasthan                               |                           49 |
| 28       | Sikkim                                  |                            9 |
| 29       | Tamil Nadu                              |                           42 |
| 30       | Telangana                               |                           31 |
| 31       | Tripura                                 |                            3 |
| 32       | Uttar Pradesh                           |                          117 |
| 33       | Uttarakhand                             |                            8 |
| 34       | West Bengal                             |                           96 |
| Total    |                                         |                         1114 |

## Annexure II

Annexure III Ambient air quality data of 132 Non-attainment and Million plus cities for 2018-2020

| S. No.   | State / UT       | City/Town/Village   | Annual average of PM 10 in µg/m 3   | Annual average of PM 10 in µg/m 3   | Annual average of PM 10 in µg/m 3   |
|----------|------------------|---------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
| S. No.   | State / UT       | City/Town/Village   | 2018                                | 2019                                | 2020                                |
| 1.       |                  | Anantapur           | 71                                  | 67                                  | 59                                  |
| 2.       |                  | Chitoor             | 62                                  | 54                                  | 43                                  |
| 3.       |                  | Eluru               | 67                                  | 63                                  | 61                                  |
| 4.       |                  | Guntur              | 49                                  | 53                                  | 60                                  |
| 5.       |                  | Kadapa              | 61                                  | 53                                  | 46                                  |
| 6.       |                  | Kurnool             | 66                                  | 61                                  | 53                                  |
| 7.       | Andhra Pradesh   | Nellore             | 63                                  | 66                                  | 57                                  |
| 8.       |                  | Ongole              | 66                                  | 59                                  | 49                                  |
| 9.       |                  | Rajahmundry         | 94                                  | 62                                  | 63                                  |
| 10.      |                  | Srikakulam          | 71                                  | 67                                  | 61                                  |
| 11.      |                  | Vijaywada           | 77                                  | 73                                  | 56                                  |
| 12.      |                  | Vishakhapatnam      | 77                                  | 76                                  | 78                                  |
| 13.      |                  | Vizianagaram        | 65                                  | 67                                  | 61                                  |
| 14.      | Assam            | Guwahati            | 112                                 | 97                                  | 86                                  |
| 15.      | Assam            | Nagaon              | 96                                  | 105                                 | 74                                  |
| 16.      | Assam            | Nalbari             | 97                                  | 87                                  | 54                                  |
| 17.      | Assam            | Silchar             | 49                                  | 46                                  | 43                                  |
| 18.      | Assam            | Sivasagar           | 72                                  | 55                                  | 48                                  |
| 19.      | Bihar            | Gaya                | 89                                  | 71                                  | 63*                                 |
| 20.      | Bihar            | Muzaffarpur         | 139                                 | 152                                 | -                                   |
| 21.      | Bihar            | Patna               | 207                                 | 237                                 | 146                                 |
| 22.      | Chandigarh       | Chandigarh          | 102                                 | 97                                  | 92                                  |
| 23.      |                  | Durg-Bhillainagar   | 84                                  | 79                                  | 60                                  |
| 24.      | Chattisgarh      | Korba               | 59                                  | 58                                  | 46                                  |
| 25.      | Chattisgarh      | Raipur              | 65                                  | 69                                  | 53                                  |
| 26.      | Delhi            | Delhi               | 243*                                | 218*                                | 181*                                |
| 27.      |                  | Ahmedabad           | 236                                 | 135                                 | 102                                 |
| 28.      |                  | Surat               | 176                                 | 128                                 | 100                                 |
| 29.      | Gujarat          | Vadodara            | 188                                 | 131                                 | 91                                  |
| 30.      |                  | Rajkot^             | 203                                 | 127                                 | 97                                  |
| 31.      | Haryana          | Faridabad *^        | -                                   | -                                   | 257*                                |
| 32.      | Himachal Pradesh | Baddi               | 164                                 | 148                                 | 126                                 |
| 33.      |                  | Damtal              | 62                                  | 49                                  | 59                                  |
| 34.      |                  | Kala Amb            | 104                                 | 101                                 | 76                                  |
| 35.      |                  | Nalagarh            | 148                                 | 125                                 | 86                                  |
| 36.      |                  | Paonta Sahib        | 88                                  | 83                                  | 74                                  |
| 37.      |                  | Parwanoo            | 63                                  | 64                                  | 45                                  |
| 38.      |                  | Sunder Nagar        | 84                                  | 72                                  | 48                                  |
| 39.      | Jammu &Kashmir   | Jammu               | 165                                 | 139                                 | 167                                 |
| 40.      |                  | Srinagar            | 153                                 | 132                                 | 155                                 |
| 41.      |                  | Dhanbad             | 264                                 | 237                                 | 182                                 |
| 42. 43.  | Jharkhand        | Jamshedpur^         | 128                                 | 138                                 | 104                                 |
|          |                  | Ranchi^             | 122                                 | 109                                 | 106                                 |

| S. No.   | State / UT     | City/Town/Village   | Annual average of PM 10 in µg/m 3   | Annual average of PM 10 in µg/m 3   | Annual average of PM 10 in µg/m 3   |
|----------|----------------|---------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
| S. No.   | State / UT     | City/Town/Village   | 2018                                | 2019                                | 2020                                |
| 44.      | Karnataka      | Bangalore           | 90                                  | 74                                  | 66                                  |
| 45.      | Karnataka      | Devanagere          | 44                                  | 70                                  | 68                                  |
| 46.      | Karnataka      | Gulburga            | 55                                  | 87                                  | 81                                  |
| 47.      | Karnataka      | Hubli-Dharwad       | 75                                  | 69                                  | 52                                  |
| 48.      |                | Bhopal              | 134                                 | 161                                 | 172                                 |
| 49.      | Madhya Pradesh | Dewas               | 68                                  | 79                                  | 67                                  |
| 50.      | Madhya Pradesh | Gwalior             | 134                                 | 139                                 | 142                                 |
| 51.      | Madhya Pradesh | Indore              | 88                                  | 77                                  | 75                                  |
| 52.      | Madhya Pradesh | Sagar               | 75                                  | 72                                  | 64                                  |
| 53.      | Madhya Pradesh | Ujjain              | 83                                  | 78                                  | 78                                  |
| 54.      |                | Jabalpur^           | 119                                 | 84                                  | 77                                  |
| 55.      |                | Akola               | 73                                  | 68                                  | 56                                  |
| 56.      |                | Amravati            | 104                                 | 89                                  | 64                                  |
| 57.      |                | Aurangabad          | 70                                  | 74                                  | 74                                  |
| 58.      |                | Badlapur            | 144                                 | 108                                 | 64                                  |
| 59.      |                | Chandrapur          | 149                                 | 133                                 | 135                                 |
| 60.      |                | Jalgaon             | 74                                  | 60                                  | 51                                  |
| 61.      |                | Jalna               | 103                                 | 97                                  | 82                                  |
| 62.      |                | Kolhapur            | 90                                  | 85                                  | 87                                  |
| 63.      |                | Latur               | 95                                  | 86                                  | 58                                  |
| 64.      | Maharashtra    | Mumbai              | 166                                 | 125                                 | 92*                                 |
| 65.      |                | Nagpur              | 103                                 | 101                                 | 78                                  |
| 66.      |                | Nashik              | 85                                  | 63                                  | 38                                  |
| 67.      |                | Navi Mumbai         | 71                                  | 54                                  | 50                                  |
| 68.      |                | Pune                | 106                                 | 143                                 | 106                                 |
| 69.      |                | Sangli              | 84                                  | 67                                  | 71                                  |
| 70.      |                | Solapur             | 71                                  | 74                                  | 60                                  |
| 71.      |                | Thane               | 108                                 | 128                                 | 83                                  |
| 72.      |                | Ulhasnagar          | 122                                 | 94                                  | 64                                  |
| 73.      |                | Vasai-Virar*^       | -                                   | -                                   | 75*                                 |
| 74.      | Meghalaya      | Byrnihat            | 166                                 | 103                                 | 113                                 |
| 75.      |                | Dimapur             | 134                                 | 77                                  | 78                                  |
| 76.      | Nagaland       | Kohima              | 104                                 | 94                                  | 86                                  |
| 77.      | Odisha         | Angul               | 101                                 | 99                                  | 88                                  |
| 78.      |                | Balasore            | 86                                  | 86                                  | 78                                  |
| 79.      |                | Bhubneshwar         | 99                                  | 99                                  | 86                                  |
| 80.      |                | Cuttack             | 114                                 | 106                                 | 111                                 |
| 81.      |                | Kalinga Nagar       | 118                                 | 118                                 | 112                                 |
| 82.      |                | Rourkela            | 108                                 | 123                                 | 90                                  |
| 83.      |                | Talcher             | 110                                 | 106                                 | 94                                  |
| 84.      |                | Amritsar            | 177                                 | 170                                 | 166                                 |
| 85.      |                | Dera Baba Nanak     | 81                                  | 70                                  | 68                                  |
| 86.      |                | DeraBassi           | 95                                  | 97                                  | 102                                 |
| 87.      | Punjab         | Gobindgarh          | 121                                 | 142                                 | 109                                 |
| 88.      |                | Jalandhar           | 153                                 | 137                                 | 165                                 |
| 89.      |                | Khanna              | 135                                 | 165                                 | 145                                 |

| S. No.   | State / UT   | City/Town/Village   |   Annual average of PM 10 in µg/m 3 |   Annual average of PM 10 in µg/m 3 |   Annual average of PM 10 in µg/m 3 |
|----------|--------------|---------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
| S. No.   | State / UT   | City/Town/Village   |                                2018 |                                2019 |                                2020 |
| 90.      |              | Ludhiana            |                                 162 |                                 153 |                                 161 |
| 91.      |              | NayaNangal          |                                  91 |                                  90 |                                  99 |
| 92.      |              | Patiala             |                                  98 |                                 102 |                                 101 |
| 93.      |              | Alwar               |                                 182 |                                 172 |                                 162 |
| 94.      |              | Jaipur              |                                 165 |                                 141 |                                 132 |
| 95.      |              | Jodhpur             |                                 223 |                                 240 |                                 160 |
| 96.      |              | Kota                |                                 152 |                                 129 |                                 102 |
| 97.      |              | Udaipur             |                                 147 |                                 156 |                                 139 |
| 98.      |              | Chennai^            |                                  78 |                                  73 |                                  55 |
| 99.      |              | Madurai             |                                  84 |                                  79 |                                  57 |
| 100.     |              | Trichy              |                                 110 |                                  73 |                                  41 |
| 101.     |              | Tuticorin           |                                 102 |                                  86 |                                  73 |
| 102.     |              | Hyderabad           |                                 105 |                                  99 |                                  80 |
| 103.     |              | Nalgonda            |                                  60 |                                  59 |                                  55 |
| 104.     |              | Patencheru          |                                  81 |                                  83 |                                  80 |
| 105.     |              | Sangareddy          |                                  81 |                                  87 |                                  77 |
| 106.     |              | Agra                |                                 209 |                                 186 |                                 174 |
| 107.     |              | Allahabad           |                                 231 |                                 222 |                                 180 |
| 108.     |              | Anpara              |                                 191 |                                 171 |                                 146 |
| 109.     |              | Bareily             |                                 233 |                                 200 |                                 176 |
| 110.     |              | Firozabad           |                                 226 |                                 214 |                                 180 |
| 111.     |              | Gajraula            |                                 224 |                                 229 |                                 165 |
| 112.     |              | Ghaziabad           |                                 245 |                                 208 |                                 203 |
| 113.     |              | Gorakpur            |                                 218 |                                 294 |                                 181 |
| 114.     |              | Jhansi              |                                  96 |                                  96 |                                  97 |
| 115.     |              | Kanpur              |                                 210 |                                 198 |                                 201 |
| 116.     |              | Khurja              |                                 214 |                                 195 |                                 203 |
| 117.     |              | Lucknow             |                                 217 |                                 208 |                                 187 |
| 118.     |              | Moradabad           |                                 227 |                                 240 |                                 217 |
| 119.     |              | Noida               |                                 264 |                                 212 |                                 207 |
| 120.     |              | Raebareli           |                                 141 |                                 163 |                                 110 |
| 121.     |              | Varanasi            |                                 189 |                                 184 |                                 145 |
| 122.     |              | Meerut ^            |                                 177 |                                 213 |                                 190 |
| 123.     |              | Dehradun            |                                 217 |                                 167 |                                 138 |
| 124.     |              | Kashipur            |                                 105 |                                 132 |                                 121 |
| 125.     |              | Rishikesh           |                                 133 |                                 137 |                                 112 |
| 126.     |              | Asansol             |                                 146 |                                 184 |                                 114 |
| 127.     |              | Barrackpore         |                                 108 |                                 115 |                                  79 |
| 128.     |              | Durgapur            |                                 141 |                                 173 |                                 107 |
| 129.     |              | Haldia              |                                  99 |                                  86 |                                  87 |
| 130.     |              | Howrah              |                                 179 |                                 174 |                                 125 |
| 131.     |              | Kolkata             |                                 148 |                                 104 |                                 116 |
| 132.     |              | Raniganj            |                                 147 |                                 186 |                                 114 |

*****