Lok Sabha Question No. 2228 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-03-14
Subject: Migration of Rural Population to Cities
Ministry: RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: Ashok Mahadeorao Nete

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

## LOK  SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2228 ANSWERED ON 14/03/2023

## MIGRATION OF RURAL POPULATION TO CITIES

## 2228.   SHRI ASHOK MAHADEORAO NETE:

Will the Minister of RURAL DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the rural population is rapidly migrating to the cities;
- (b) if so, the details thereof along with the reasons therefor; and
- (c) the steps taken/being taken by the Government to stop the rapid migration of poor population towards urban areas?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT (SADHVI NIRANJAN JYOTI)

(a)  to  (c):  Migration  of  workers  in  search  of  work  from  one  place  to  another  is  a  normal phenomenon.  The  National  Sample  Survey  Office  (NSSO),  NSS  64th  Round  report, migration rates rural, for the period 1983 to 2007-08, from different NSS rounds are as under:

| All-India (Rural)          | All-India (Rural)                  |
|----------------------------|------------------------------------|
| Round(Year)                | Migration Rates (per 1000 persons) |
| 64th (July 07-Jun 08)      | 261                                |
| 55th (July 1999-June 2000) | 244                                |
| 49th (Jan-June,1993)       | 228                                |
| 43rd (July 1987- June 88)  | 232                                |
| 38th (Jan-Dec,1983)        | 209                                |

The  problems  of  migration  of  rural  population  are  sought  to  be  addressed  through  multidimensional  course  of  action  such  as  provision  of  improved  infrastructural  facilities, equitable  dispersal  of  resources  to  remove  regional  disparities,  employment  generation, imparting of skills, encouraging entrepreneurial activity, undertaking land reforms, enhancing literacy, and providing easy access to financial assistance & credit facilities etc.

So far  as  the  Ministry  of  Rural  Development  is  concerned,  the  Ministry  is  implementing various  rural  development  schemes  for  creating  employment  opportunities  and  rural infrastructure.  All  these  measures  encourage  people  to  stay  in  rural  areas,  earn  their livelihood and raise their quality of life  near their  places  of  residence  and  hence  act  as  a deterrent to distress migration of rural population to cities. Some of the schemes that have a positive impact on reducing migration are:

i. Under Mahatma  Gandhi  National Rural  Employment  Guarantee  Scheme (MGNREGS), guaranteed wage employment of 100 days in a financial year is provided to a rural  household  whose  adult  members  are  willing  to  take  up  manual  work.  Further,  an additional 50 days of wage employment is provided over and above 100 days in the notified drought affected areas or natural calamity affected areas in the country on recommendation of the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.

- ii. Deendayal  Antyodaya  Yojana  -  National  Rural  Livelihoods  Mission  (DAYNRLM) members of the rural poor families by mobilizing them into Self Help Groups (SHGs).
- v. Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) habitations can have access to basic health services, education and markets for their produce.
3. is  implemented  with  the  objective  of  providing  self-employment  to  the  women iii. Rural  Self  Employment  and  Training  Institutes  (RSETIs) provides  for  skill development programme for self-employment. This training with access to Bank loans helps in creating self-employment opportunities at local level. iv. Shyama Prasad Mukherji Rurban Mission (SPMRM) is aimed at developing 300 rural growth clusters called 'Rurban Clusters' which have latent potential for growth, in all States  and  UTs.  These  clusters  were  conceptualized  with  the  objective  to  bridge  the  ruralurban  divide,  reduce  migration  from  rural  to  urban  areas  and  eventually  facilitate  reverse migration. is aimed at providing connectivity by way of an all-weather road to eligible unconnected habitations in rural areas so that these

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