Lok Sabha Question No. 1633 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2023-02-13
Subject: Skill Development Programme
Ministry: SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Asked by: Gowdar Mallikarjunappa Siddeshwara

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1633

ANSWERED ON 13.02.2023

## SKILL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

## 1633.  SHRI G.M. SIDDESHWAR:

Will the Minister of SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP be pleased to state:

- (a)   whether the Government had introduced skill development plan effectively with the aim of skilling 40 crore people across the country since the scheme launched in 2015 to meet the requirements of industries and generate employment;
- (b)   if so, the details thereof and how far the skill development programme has helped in providing jobs to the unemployed youth;
- (c)   whether the Government has any plan to club formal education with skill training to tackle the problem of unemployment for educated youth; and
- (d)    if  so,  the  details  thereof  and  also  whether  the  Government  has  also  plans  to  make  available specialized training to such educated youth after their formal education?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

(SHRI RAJEEV CHANDRASEKHAR)

- (a) and (b)  As per National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, 2015, the estimated number of persons in the workforce in 2014-15 without any formal skilling and for which there is need for skilling, re-skilling and up-skilling was 29.8 crore and the estimated number of fresh entrants into workforce between 2015-22 requiring skilling was 1.49 crore per year.  This represented estimated dimension of skilling requirement in the year 2015.

The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) delivers skill training through a  comprehensive network of skill development centres/ institutes across the country under various schemes  viz.  Pradhan  Mantri  Kaushal  Vikas  Yojana  (PMKVY),  Jan  Shikshan  Sansthan  (JSS) Scheme, National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) and Craftsman Training Scheme (CTS) through Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs). Through these centres, training to candidates is imparted in  employable  skills,  as  per  requirements  of  industry  and  economy.  The  total  number  of  persons benefitted through these schemes is as under:

|   Sl. No. | Schemes                            | No. of persons trained   |
|-----------|------------------------------------|--------------------------|
|         1 | PMKVY (FY2015-16 to December 2022) | 137.24 lakh              |
|         2 | JSS (FY 2018-19 to December 2022)  | 15.74 lakh               |
|         3 | NAPS (FY 2018-19 to December 2022) | 18.73 lakh               |
|         4 | CTS (2015 to 2021)                 | 88.41 lakh               |

In addition, 188.44 Lakh persons were provided fee-based training by NSDC till October, 2022. A  total  of  13.50  Lakh  persons  have  been  trained  under  Deendayal  Antyodaya  Yojana  -  National Urban  Livelihoods  Mission  (DAY-NULM)  of  Ministry  of  Housing  and  Urban  Affairs  (MoHUA)  till December,  2022.   Further,  13.31  Lakh  persons  have  been  trained  under  DeenDayal  Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) and 33.64 Lakh persons have been trained under Rural Self Employment Training  Institutes  (RSETIs)  of  Ministry  of  Rural  Development  (MoRD)  till  December, 2022.

Amongst the Schemes of MSDE, the placements are specifically tracked under Short Term Training (STT) component of PMKVY. Under the STT component of PMKVY, a total of 68.02 Lakh people have been trained as on December, 2022 out of which 54.26 Lakh have been certified and 23.39 Lakh people have been reported placed which is around 43% of the certified numbers.

(c) and (d)      Considering the importance of the Skill Development among the school students, the Department of School Education and Literacy (DoSEL) is implementing an initiative of vocationalization  of  School  Education  under  the  Centrally  Sponsored  Scheme  -  Samgra  Shiksha  throughout  the  country.  The  Scheme  aims  at  integrating  vocational  education    with    general academic    education    in    all    Secondary/Senior  Secondary  schools,  enhancing  the  employability and entrepreneurial abilities of the students, providing exposure to work environment and generating awareness among students about various career options so as to enable them to make a choice in accordance with their aptitude, competency and aspirations.

Under  the  scheme,  National  Skills  Qualification  Framework  (NSQF)  compliant  vocational courses are offered to the students from class 9th to 12th in the schools covered under the scheme. At the secondary level, that is, Class 9 and 10, vocational modules are offered to the students as an additional subject. At Senior Secondary level, that is, Class 11 and 12, vocational courses are offered as a compulsory (elective) subject.

Employability  skill  module  has  been  made  a  mandatory  part  of  the  vocational  courses.  It consists of communication skills, self management skills, information and communication technology skills, entrepreneurship skills and Green skills.

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 has also given a special emphasis on vocational education  and  skill  development.  Integration  of  vocational  education  with  general  education  and mainstreaming  of  vocational  education  have  been  identified  as  the  key  reform  in  the  education system of the country. In order to fulfil various objectives of the NEP, the existing scheme of Samagra Shiksha  has  been  revamped  and  various  new  interventions  relating  to  vocational  education  have been incorporated. Some of them are as under:

- i. In  addition  to  the  Government  Schools,  coverage  of  vocational  education  has  also  been expanded to Government aided schools.
- ii. Hub and Spoke Model of Vocational Education has been introduced providing for the utilization of  the  infrastructure  available  in  the  Hub  Schools  by  the  students  of  nearby  schools  (spoke schools) for vocational training.
- iii. Exposure of pre-vocational education at Upper Primary level.
- iv. Internships, bagless days, etc. have been included under innovation component of Samagra Shiksha.

Under  the  Scheme,  a  module  on  entrepreneurship  development  has  been  made  a  core component  of  vocational  education  programme  from  Grades  9  to  12  for  nurturing  innovation  and creativity  among the students. The module has been oriented towards the development of creative and innovative skills among the students so that they can apply new knowledge to the existing work and create new ideas and values.

The Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE) in Coordination with Ministry of Education  organized  Skill  network,  School  network  and  Higher  Education  network  into  Skill  Hubs Initiative (SHI) as a pilot project under PMKVY with a focus on introduction of skill training programme in education ecosystem as envisioned in NEP.

Taking the vision of New Education Policy, Government of India has developed National Credit Framework (NCF) to enable integration of academic and vocational domains to ensure flexibility and mobility between the two.

NEP  and  vocationalisation  of  school  education  target  at  reduction  in  the  number  of  new entrants to the labour force without any vocational skills.