Lok Sabha Question No. 2407 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-12-21
Subject: Regional Imbalance
Ministry: PLANNING
Asked by: Jual Oram

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PLANNING

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2407 TO BE ANSWERED ON 21.12.2022

## REGIONAL IMBALANCE

## 2407.   SHRI JUAL ORAM:

Will the Minister of PLANNING be pleased to state:

- (a) whether it is a fact that people are suffering from regional imbalance in the development activities in the country and if so, the details thereof, State/UT-wise;
- (b) the steps taken by the Government to identify the areas in those States which are lagging behind in development; and
- (c) the steps taken by the Government to remove the regional imbalance?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION; MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF PLANNING AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRS

## (RAO INDERJIT SINGH)

- a) The sub-continental dimensions of India diversified with inherent differences in geographical conditions results in differential resource endowment, infrastructure and socioeconomic parameters. This leads to regional disparities in terms of development of different regions.  This  is  reflected  in  variations  in  per  capita  income  amongst  different  states.  The State/ UT-wise per capita income (per capita Net State Domestic Product) at Current Prices is placed at Annexure I.
- b) While per capita Gross Domestic Product is one of the indices to indicate the variation in income across regions, the Government of India has been using various indices to identify such pockets where there is slow progress in critical socio-economic indicators. One such method is the publication of the National Multi-Dimensional Poverty Index in 2021. The State/ UT-wise figures of multi-dimensional poverty are available in the report, the copy of which is available at https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/202111/National\_MPI\_India-11242021.pdf. Another notable effort is the identification of such districts  which  have  shown  relatively  less  progress  in  select  socio-economic  indicators under the Aspirational Districts Programme. A state-wise list of the Aspirational Districts identified is placed at Annexure II.
- c) The Union Government's aim has been to promote inclusive and balanced growth. A multipronged strategy is adopted to address regional imbalance. .As per the recommendations of the Fourteenth Finance Commission (FFC), the Union Government increased the share of

net shareable taxes to the States from 32% earlier to 42% for the period 2015-20. This has provided more untied resources to the States. The same has also been retained by the 15th Finance Commission at 41% (1% adjusted on account of creation of UT of J&K) for the period (2020-21 & 2021-26). The objective has been to provide more untied resources to the States by providing greater autonomy in financing and design of schemes as per the needs and requirements including for filling the development gap in the deficit regions. Secondly, under important Centrally Sponsored Schemes, the share of the Centre and States in North East and Hilly States is 90:10, whereas in other States it is 60:40.

Thirdly,  there  are  specific  programs  such  as  the  Aspirational  Districts  Programme which aims to bring transformative changes in the most under-developed districts of India. The  Programme  aims  at  rapid  transformation  of  these  districts  across  sectors  which  are critical for improving quality of life or economic productivity of citizens. These sectors are Health and Nutrition, School Education and Basic Infrastructure, and also Agriculture and Water  Resources  and  Financial  Inclusion  &  Skill  Development.  49  key  performance indicators have been selected across these sectors and a district's performance is monitored on the basis of progress made on these indicators. The broad strategy of the Aspirational Districts Programme rests on the 3 Cs - Convergence (between Central and State Schemes), Collaboration  (between  Centre,  State,  District  Administration,  Development  Partners  and Citizens)  and  Competition  (between  Districts).  Every  month,  districts  are  ranked  on  the basis of progress made on the key performance indicators mentioned above, and this instils them with a sense of competition which results in rapid improvement. These districts have shown  rapid  improvement  in  a  short  span  of  time.  Details  about  the  performance  of  the districts on the identified indicators are available on the Champions of Change Dashboard (http://championsofchange.gov.in/site/coc-home/).

*****

ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) OF LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2407 FOR 21.12.2022 BY SHRI JUAL ORAM REGARDING REGIONAL IMBALANCE

Per Capita Net State Domestic Product at Current Prices; base year 2011-12.As on 15.03.2022

| S. No.   | State\UT          | 2018-19   | 2019-20   | 2020-21   | 2021-22   |
|----------|-------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
| (1)      | (2)               | (3)       | (4)       | (5)       | (6)       |
| 1        | Andhra Pradesh    | 1,54,031  | 1,69,320  | 1,76,707  | 2,07,771  |
| 2        | Arunachal Pradesh | 1,55,076  | 1,68,679  | 1,78,068  | NA        |
| 3        | Assam             | 81,034    | 96,240    | 95,309    | 1,05,454  |
| 4        | Bihar             | 40,715    | 45,071    | 46,292    | NA        |
| 5        | Chhattisgarh      | 98,254    | 1,05,089  | 1,04,943  | NA        |
| 6        | Goa               | 4,23,716  | 4,35,959  | 4,55,654  | 4,91,352  |
| 7        | Gujarat           | 1,97,457  | 2,13,936  | 2,14,809  | NA        |
| 8        | Haryana           | 2,23,015  | 2,40,507  | 2,35,707  | 2,74,635  |
| 9        | Himachal Pradesh  | 1,74,804  | 1,85,728  | 1,83,333  | 2,01,854  |
| 10       | Jammu &Kashmir*   | 98,738    | NA        | NA        | NA        |
| 11       | Jharkhand         | 75,421    | 77,739    | 75,587    | NA        |
| 12       | Karnataka         | 2,04,804  | 2,22,002  | 2,36,451  | 2,78,786  |
| 13       | Kerala            | 2,05,437  | 2,13,041  | 2,05,067  | 2,30,601  |
| 14       | Madhya Pradesh    | 92,486    | 1,03,103  | 1,04,894  | 1,24,685  |
| 15       | Maharashtra       | 1,86,074  | 1,96,100  | 1,93,121  | NA        |
| 16       | Manipur           | 73,795    | 82,437    | 87,832    | NA        |

|   17 | Meghalaya                | 82,653   | 87,170   | 82,182   | 89,889   |
|------|--------------------------|----------|----------|----------|----------|
|   18 | Mizoram                  | 1,64,708 | 1,88,012 | 2,10,629 | NA       |
|   19 | Nagaland                 | 1,09,198 | 1,20,871 | 1,19,274 | NA       |
|   20 | Odisha                   | 1,00,838 | 1,10,081 | 1,09,071 | 1,27,383 |
|   21 | Punjab                   | 1,49,974 | 1,55,590 | 1,54,517 | 1,67,995 |
|   22 | Rajasthan                | 1,06,624 | 1,15,356 | 1,15,933 | 1,35,218 |
|   23 | Sikkim                   | 3,75,773 | 4,03,376 | 4,24,454 | 4,80,593 |
|   24 | Tamil Nadu               | 1,94,373 | 2,13,396 | 2,25,106 | 2,56,935 |
|   25 | Telangana                | 2,09,848 | 2,30,955 | 2,34,751 | 2,78,833 |
|   26 | Tripura                  | 1,13,016 | 1,25,675 | 1,29,995 | 1,46,918 |
|   27 | Uttar Pradesh            | 62,380   | 66,136   | 65,338   | 71,472   |
|   28 | Uttarakhand              | 1,86,169 | 1,88,179 | 1,76,744 | NA       |
|   29 | West Bengal              | 1,03,944 | 1,13,163 | 1,21,267 | NA       |
|   30 | Andaman &Nicobar Islands | 2,04,254 | 2,18,649 | NA       | NA       |
|   31 | Chandigarh               | 3,07,816 | 3,32,625 | 3,09,338 | NA       |
|   32 | Delhi                    | 3,38,730 | 3,56,151 | 3,44,136 | NA       |
|   33 | Jammu &Kashmir- U.T.     |          | 1,06,627 | 1,08,768 | 1,21,463 |
|   34 | Puducherry               | 2,18,673 | 2,20,590 | 2,15,583 | 2,16,495 |

Source: Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation

## ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (b) OF LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2407 FOR 21.12.2022 BY SHRI JUAL ORAM  REGARDING REGIONAL IMBALANCE

## State-wise list of all 112 Aspirational Districts

|   S. No. | State             | District             |
|----------|-------------------|----------------------|
|        1 | Andhra Pradesh    | Alluri Sitaramaraju  |
|        2 | Andhra Pradesh    | Parvathipuram Manyam |
|        3 | Andhra Pradesh    | Y.S.R. Kadapa        |
|        4 | Arunachal Pradesh | Namsai               |
|        5 | Assam             | Goalpara             |
|        6 | Assam             | Barpeta              |
|        7 | Assam             | Hailakandi           |
|        8 | Assam             | Baksa                |
|        9 | Assam             | Darrang              |
|       10 | Assam             | Udalguri             |
|       11 | Assam             | Dhubri               |
|       12 | Bihar             | Sitamarhi            |
|       13 | Bihar             | Araria               |
|       14 | Bihar             | Purnia               |
|       15 | Bihar             | Katihar              |
|       16 | Bihar             | Muzaffarpur          |
|       17 | Bihar             | Begusarai            |
|       18 | Bihar             | Khagaria             |
|       19 | Bihar             | Banka                |
|       20 | Bihar             | Sheikhpura           |
|       21 | Bihar             | Aurangabad           |
|       22 | Bihar             | Gaya                 |
|       23 | Bihar             | Nawada               |
|       24 | Bihar             | Jamui                |

|   S. No. | State                | District        |
|----------|----------------------|-----------------|
|       25 | Chhattisgarh         | Korba           |
|       26 | Chhattisgarh         | Rajnandgaon     |
|       27 | Chhattisgarh         | Mahasamund      |
|       28 | Chhattisgarh         | Kanker          |
|       29 | Chhattisgarh         | Narayanpur      |
|       30 | Chhattisgarh         | Dantewada       |
|       31 | Chhattisgarh         | Bijapur         |
|       32 | Chhattisgarh         | Bastar          |
|       33 | Chhattisgarh         | Kondagaon       |
|       34 | Chhattisgarh         | Sukma           |
|       35 | Gujarat              | Dahod           |
|       36 | Gujarat              | Narmada         |
|       37 | Haryana              | Mewat           |
|       38 | Himachal Pradesh     | Chamba          |
|       39 | UT of Jammu &Kashmir | Kupwara         |
|       40 | UT of Jammu &Kashmir | Baramulla       |
|       41 | Jharkhand            | Garhwa          |
|       42 | Jharkhand            | Chatra          |
|       43 | Jharkhand            | Giridih         |
|       44 | Jharkhand            | Godda           |
|       45 | Jharkhand            | Sahibganj       |
|       46 | Jharkhand            | Pakur           |
|       47 | Jharkhand            | Bokaro          |
|       48 | Jharkhand            | Lohardaga       |
|       49 | Jharkhand            | Purbi Singhbhum |
|       50 | Jharkhand            | Palamu          |
|       51 | Jharkhand            | Latehar         |
|       52 | Jharkhand            | Hazaribagh      |

|   S. No. | State          | District            |
|----------|----------------|---------------------|
|       53 | Jharkhand      | Ramgarh             |
|       54 | Jharkhand      | Dumka               |
|       55 | Jharkhand      | Ranchi              |
|       56 | Jharkhand      | Khunti              |
|       57 | Jharkhand      | Gumla               |
|       58 | Jharkhand      | Simdega             |
|       59 | Jharkhand      | Pashchimi Singhbhum |
|       60 | Karnataka      | Raichur             |
|       61 | Karnataka      | Yadgir              |
|       62 | Kerala         | Wayanad             |
|       63 | Madhya Pradesh | Chhatarpur          |
|       64 | Madhya Pradesh | Damoh               |
|       65 | Madhya Pradesh | Barwani             |
|       66 | Madhya Pradesh | Rajgarh             |
|       67 | Madhya Pradesh | Vidisha             |
|       68 | Madhya Pradesh | Guna                |
|       69 | Madhya Pradesh | Singrauli           |
|       70 | Madhya Pradesh | Khandwa             |
|       71 | Maharashtra    | Nandurbar           |
|       72 | Maharashtra    | Washim              |
|       73 | Maharashtra    | Gadchiroli          |
|       74 | Maharashtra    | Osmanabad           |
|       75 | Manipur        | Chandel             |
|       76 | Meghalaya      | Ribhoi              |
|       77 | Mizoram        | Mamit               |
|       78 | Nagaland       | Kiphire             |
|       79 | Odisha         | Dhenkanal           |
|       80 | Odisha         | Gajapati            |

|   S. No. | State         | District             |
|----------|---------------|----------------------|
|       81 | Odisha        | Kandhamal            |
|       82 | Odisha        | Balangir             |
|       83 | Odisha        | Kalahandi            |
|       84 | Odisha        | Rayagada             |
|       85 | Odisha        | Koraput              |
|       86 | Odisha        | Malkangiri           |
|       87 | Odisha        | Nabarangpur          |
|       88 | Odisha        | Nuapada              |
|       89 | Punjab        | Moga                 |
|       90 | Punjab        | Firozpur             |
|       91 | Rajasthan     | Dholpur              |
|       92 | Rajasthan     | Karauli              |
|       93 | Rajasthan     | Jaisalmer            |
|       94 | Rajasthan     | Sirohi               |
|       95 | Rajasthan     | Baran                |
|       96 | Sikkim        | Soreng               |
|       97 | Tamil Nadu    | Virudhunagar         |
|       98 | Tamil Nadu    | Ramanathapuram       |
|       99 | Telangana     | Asifabad             |
|      100 | Telangana     | Bhoopalapally        |
|      101 | Telangana     | Bhadradri-Kothagudem |
|      102 | Tripura       | Dhalai               |
|      103 | Uttar Pradesh | Chitrakoot           |
|      104 | Uttar Pradesh | Fatehpur             |
|      105 | Uttar Pradesh | Bahraich             |
|      106 | Uttar Pradesh | Shrawasti            |
|      107 | Uttar Pradesh | Balrampur            |
|      108 | Uttar Pradesh | Siddharthnagar       |

|   S. No. | State         | District          |
|----------|---------------|-------------------|
|      109 | Uttar Pradesh | Chandauli         |
|      110 | Uttar Pradesh | Sonbhadra         |
|      111 | Uttarakhand   | Udham Singh Nagar |
|      112 | Uttarakhand   | Haridwar          |