Lok Sabha Question No. 2645 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-12-14
Subject: Cocoa Cultivation
Ministry: AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
Asked by: Margani Bharat

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 2645

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 14 th  DECEMBER, 2021

## COCOA CULTIVATION

## 2645. SHRI MARGANI BHARAT:

Will  the  Minister  of  AGRICULTURE  AND  FARMERS WELFARE कृ ष और कसान कयाण मंी be pleased to state: -

- (a)  the  details  of  farming  area  and  production  of  cocoa  used  in  the  manufacture  of chocolates, biscuits, drugs, etc., in the country during the last five years and the current year, year-wise and State-wise;
- (b)  India's position in the world in the production of cocoa and the quality of Indian Cocoa vis-á-vis cocoa produced around the world;
- (c) the  efforts  being  made  to  improve  the  productivity  and  production  of  cocoa  and increase its export; and
- (d)  whether there is any special scheme to help farmers to grow cocoa and,  if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE

कृ ष और कसान कयाण मंी ( SHRI NARENDRA SINGH TOMAR)

- (a): The  details  of  area  and  production  of  Cocoa  from  2016-17  to  2020-21  (Third Advance Estimates) State-wise, are at Annexure I.
- (b): Directorate of Cashewnut and CocoaDevelopment (DCCD)has intimated that as per the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) statistics, India occupies 14 th position globally in the production of Cocoa (Annexure II). DCCD has further reported that the Horticulture practices followed are mostly organic in nature and the quality of the Cocoa beans being produced  is  mainly  dependent  on  soil  and  weather  parameters.  The  Cocoa  beans produced  in  India  are  quite  comparable  to  Ivory  Coast  beans  (the  best  beans  are produced in Ghana followed by Ivory Coast) and many Multi-National Companies involved in grinding of Cocoa are taking a lot of interest in Indian Cocoa beans.

(c)&(d): Indian  Council  of  Agricultural  Research-Central  Plantation  Crops  Research Institute (ICAR-CPCRI)has reported the following initiatives/ efforts:

-  To  increase  productivity,  high  yielding  varieties  (5  hybrids  and  3  clones)  were developed from ICAR-CPCRI and region specific varieties were identified through ICAR-CPCRI (6 centres) and All India Coordinated Research Project on Palms(AICRPP) (7 centres) in major Cocoa growing States as well as in North East States.  They  are  suitable  to  be  grown  in  Palm  based  cropping  systems  under Arecanut, Coconut and Oil palm gardens.
-  Different plant densities under Arecanut, double hedge system under Coconut and Canopy architecting  methods  were  standardized  to  increase  productivity  per  unit area.
-  Primary farm/ home level processing methods were transferred to farmers to add value to their produce, to sell as dry beans and get more remuneration.
-  The Central Arecanut and Cocoa Marketing and Processing Co-operative Limited (CAMPCO), is collecting both wet and dry beans from growers, processing through its Chocolate factory and exporting Cocoa butter and Cocoa powder to considerable extent.
-  Annual  training  programs/  district  level  seminars  are  being  conducted  on  Cocoa production and processing technologies to encourage farmers to grow Cocoa with DCCD funding.
-  Regional  nurseries  were  established  with  ICAR-CPCRI  materials  and  DCCD funding, for smooth supply of planting materials.
-  Skill development program for nursery workers was conducted.
-  Under  Scheduled  Castes  Sub  Plan/  Tribal  Sub-Plan  programs,  Cocoa  seedlings were supplied to farmers of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.

Under  Mission  for  Integrated  Development  of  Horticulture  (MIDH)  a  Centrally Sponsored Scheme is being implemented with effect from 2014-15 for holistic growth of the  horticulture  sector  in  which  all  States  and  UTs  are  covered.  For  area  expansion  of plantation crops including Cashew and Cocoa, assistance is being provided at the rate of 40% of the maximum cost for meeting the expenditure on planting material, cost of drip system, Integrated Nutrient Management/Integrated Pest Management, canopy management etc. in 3 installments in the ratio of 60:20:20. In the case of North East areas, Himalayan  States,  Tribal  Sub-Plan  area,  Andaman  &Nicobar  Islands  and  Lakshadweep Islands, assistance is being extended at the rate of 50% of cost. Cocoa area expansion programme is being undertaken under MIDH and Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) schemes.

The DCCD is supplementing the above efforts by way of new planting programme in Cocoa exclusively under tribal communities. The details of programs being implemented by the DCCD under MIDH are as below:

-  New plantation development programme: The main objective of the programme is to develop new plantations with clones of high yielding varieties of hybrid seedlings of Cocoa in the farmer's field.
-  Technology dissemination through front line demonstrations: The main objective of the  scheme  is  to  demonstrate  latest  technologies  on  Cocoa  production  in  the farmer's field under different agro-climatic regions and farming situations.
-  Production of planting material: This programme envisages establishing new Cocoa nurseries  in  the States  where  there  is  deficit  of  planting  material.  Besides, accreditation  of  existing  nurseries  is  also  envisaged  for  ensuring  the  quality  of planting materials.
-  Transfer of technology programs: The main activity of the programme is to narrow the gap in knowledge and skill among farmers by giving training on various Cocoa production technologies to all the people involved in the Cocoa sector.

## Annexure I

Annexure referred in reply to part (a) of Lok Sabha Question No.2645 on Cocoa Cultivation due for answer on 14.12.2021

## Area and Production of Cocoa in the country,State-wise

A: Area in '000 Ha,  P: Production in '000 Tonne

2020-21

| STATE          | 2016-17   | 2016-17   | 2017-18   | 2017-18   | 2018-19   | 2018-19   | 2019-20   | 2019-20   | 2020-21 (3rd Adv. Est.)   | 2020-21 (3rd Adv. Est.)   |
|----------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|---------------------------|---------------------------|
|                | A         | P         | A         | P         | A         | P         | A         | P         | A                         | P                         |
| ANDHRA PRADESH | 24.2      | 7.7       | 28.8      | 8.1       | 32.9      | 9.6       | 36.5      | 10.4      | 39.7                      | 10.9                      |
| KARNATAKA      | 13.7      | 2.4       | 13.7      | 2.5       | 14.1      | 3.3       | 14.1      | 3.5       | 14.2                      | 3.7                       |
| KERALA         | 15.9      | 7.2       | 16.6      | 7.5       | 16.9      | 8.5       | 16.9      | 9.2       | 17.4                      | 9.6                       |
| TAMIL NADU     | 29.2      | 1.7       | 29.5      | 1.7       | 30.1      | 2.5       | 30.1      | 2.7       | 32.1                      | 2.8                       |
| TOTAL          | 82.9      | 18.9      | 88.5      | 19.9      | 94.0      | 24.0      | 97.6      | 25.8      | 103.4                     | 27.1                      |

Source: Directorate of Cashewnut and Cocoa Development

## Annexure II

Annexure referred in reply to part (b) of Lok Sabha Question No.2645 on Cocoa Cultivation due for answer on 14.12.2021

## Area and Production of Cocoa in the World (2019)

|   S.No. | Country                            |   Area (in Ha) |   Production (in Tonne) |
|---------|------------------------------------|----------------|-------------------------|
|       1 | CÃ´te d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)       |        4776874 |                 2180000 |
|       2 | Ghana                              |        1478462 |                  811700 |
|       3 | Indonesia                          |        1600648 |                  783978 |
|       4 | Nigeria                            |        1354141 |                  350146 |
|       5 | Ecuador                            |         525435 |                  283680 |
|       6 | Cameroon                           |         672745 |                  280000 |
|       7 | Brazil                             |         581884 |                  259425 |
|       8 | Peru                               |         130378 |                  135928 |
|       9 | Colombia                           |         117818 |                  102154 |
|      10 | Dominican Republic                 |         150943 |                   88961 |
|      11 | Papua New Guinea                   |         112357 |                   45668 |
|      12 | Uganda                             |          72369 |                   35000 |
|      13 | Mexico                             |          58527 |                   28452 |
|      14 | India                              |          97563 |                   25783 |
|      15 | Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) |          80924 |                   23847 |
|      16 | Guinea                             |          35810 |                   17342 |
|      17 | Haiti                              |          34616 |                   16876 |
|      18 | Sierra Leone                       |          24428 |                   14648 |
|      19 | United Republic of Tanzania        |          18346 |                   13000 |
|      20 | Guatemala                          |           4641 |                   12473 |
|      21 | Liberia                            |          75937 |                   12000 |
|      22 | Madagascar                         |          11578 |                   10175 |
|      23 | Democratic Republic of the Congo   |          24217 |                   10000 |
|      24 | Togo                               |           9976 |                   10000 |
|      25 | Philippines                        |          30257 |                    8489 |
|      26 | Nicaragua                          |          11935 |                    7000 |
|      27 | Bolivia (Plurinational State of)   |          10387 |                    5835 |
|      28 | Solomon Islands                    |          10631 |                    4200 |
|      29 | Congo                              |          14362 |                    4000 |
|      30 | Sao Tome and Principe              |          28290 |                    2834 |
|      31 | Sri Lanka                          |           1999 |                    1499 |
|      32 | Malaysia                           |          15008 |                    1005 |
|      33 | Others                             |          64388 |                   11050 |
|      34 | Grand Total                        |       12237874 |                 5597148 |

Source: Food and  Agriculture Oraganisation statistics (23.07.21) ****