Lok Sabha Question No. 1283 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-02-09
Subject: Adulteration of Milk
Ministry: FISHERIES, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND DAIRYING
Asked by: Dharambir Singh

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF FISHERIES, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY & DAIRYING DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY & DAIRYING LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1283

TO BE ANSWERED ON 9 th  FEBRUARY, 2021

## ADULTERATION OF MILK

1283. SHRI DHARAMBIR SINGH:

Will the Minister of FISHERIES, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND DAIRYING

मत्स्यपाऱन , पशुपाऱन और डेयरी मंत्री be pleased to state:

- (a)  the  details  of  the  processing  capacity  and  consumption  of  milk  per  day  in  the country, State-wise;
- (b) whether milk is being adulterated at a large scale; and
- (c) if so, the details of steps taken by the Government to prevent such adulteration?

## (ANSWER)

THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR FISHERIES, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY & DAIRYING (DR. SANJEEV KUMAR BALYAN)

- (a) National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) has informed that dairy cooperatives have a processing capacity of 858.46 LLPD (as on March 2020). State wise processing capacity is given at Annexure I.  Further, according to the report of 'Study On Demand Of Milk And Milk Products In India' conducted by NDDB through Nielsen during 2019, per capita consumption of milk and milk products  is 320 (ml/ day). State-wise per capita consumption is given at Annexure - II.
- (b) Food Safety Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has informed that:

FSSAI carried out a National Milk Safety and Quality Survey in 2018-19 in the country covering all States and UTs. A total of 6,432 samples of milk were collected both  from  the  organised  as  well  as  non-organised  sectors for  both  qualitative  and quantitative analysis. The survey results did not support the perception of large scale adulteration of milk in the country.  With regards to milk adulteration, only 12 out of 6,432  samples  of  milk  (0.19%)  were  found  adulterated.  Six  samples  were  found adulterated  with  hydrogen  peroxide,  three  with  detergent,  two  with  urea  and  one sample was found to have neutralizers.  These figures do not include samples found sub-standard.

- (c)  The  details  of  steps  taken  by  the  Government  to  prevent  adulteration  are attached at Annexure III.

## Dairy Cooperatives' Processing capacity * (as on Mar 2020)

| Dairy Cooperatives' Processing capacity * (as on Mar 2020)   | Dairy Cooperatives' Processing capacity * (as on Mar 2020)   |
|--------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|
| Region/State                                                 | Dairy Plant (LLPD)                                           |
| Andhra Pradesh                                               | 27.05                                                        |
| Assam                                                        | .60                                                          |
| Bihar                                                        | 29.55                                                        |
| Chhattisgarh                                                 | 1.50                                                         |
| Delhi                                                        | 15.00                                                        |
| Goa                                                          | 1.10                                                         |
| Gujarat                                                      | 278.95                                                       |
| Haryana                                                      | 71.25                                                        |
| Himachal Pradesh                                             | 1.00                                                         |
| Jammu &Kashmir                                               | 1.00                                                         |
| Jharkhand                                                    | 6.90                                                         |
| Karnataka                                                    | 95.25                                                        |
| Kerala                                                       | 19.35                                                        |
| Madhya Pradesh                                               | 15.18                                                        |
| Maharashtra                                                  | 115.80                                                       |
| Meghalaya                                                    | 0.26                                                         |
| Mizoram                                                      | 0.20                                                         |
| Nagaland                                                     | 0.22                                                         |
| Odisha                                                       | 6.80                                                         |
| Puducherry                                                   | 1.20                                                         |
| Punjab                                                       | 24.85                                                        |
| Rajasthan                                                    | 31.60                                                        |
| Sikkim                                                       | 0.65                                                         |
| Tamil Nadu                                                   | 41.21                                                        |
| Telangana                                                    | 12.50                                                        |
| Tripura                                                      | 0.24                                                         |
| Uttar Pradesh                                                | 44.13                                                        |
| Uttarakhand                                                  | 2.45                                                         |
| West Bengal                                                  | 12.67                                                        |
| Grand Total                                                  | 858.46                                                       |

* Provisional

LLPD: Lakh Litres Per Day

Source: Milk Unions /Dairies & Federations

## Annexure - II.

State-wise per capita consumption of milk and milk products as per the study on  'Demand  of  Milk  and  Milk  Products  in  India'  conducted  under  National Dairy Plan Phase I.

| State-wise per capita consumption of milk and milk products (ml/ day)   | State-wise per capita consumption of milk and milk products (ml/ day)   |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| State                                                                   | PCC                                                                     |
| A&N Islands                                                             | 128                                                                     |
| Andhra Pradesh                                                          | 254                                                                     |
| Arunachal Pradesh                                                       | 142                                                                     |
| Assam                                                                   | 138                                                                     |
| Bihar                                                                   | 241                                                                     |
| Chandigarh                                                              | 651                                                                     |
| Chhattisgarh                                                            | 90                                                                      |
| Dadra and Nagar Haveli                                                  | 211                                                                     |
| Daman and Diu                                                           | 303                                                                     |
| Delhi                                                                   | 601                                                                     |
| Goa                                                                     | 271                                                                     |
| Gujarat                                                                 | 493                                                                     |
| Haryana                                                                 | 846                                                                     |
| Himachal Pradesh                                                        | 473                                                                     |
| Jammu and Kashmir                                                       | 464                                                                     |
| Jharkhand                                                               | 214                                                                     |
| Karnataka                                                               | 307                                                                     |
| Kerala                                                                  | 211                                                                     |
| Lakshadweep                                                             | 110                                                                     |
| Madhya Pradesh                                                          | 241                                                                     |
| Maharashtra                                                             | 235                                                                     |
| Manipur                                                                 | 59                                                                      |
| Meghalaya                                                               | 71                                                                      |
| Mizoram                                                                 | 94                                                                      |
| Nagaland                                                                | 100                                                                     |
| Odisha                                                                  | 201                                                                     |
| Puducherry                                                              | 449                                                                     |
| Punjab                                                                  | 648                                                                     |
| Rajasthan                                                               | 510                                                                     |
| Sikkim                                                                  | 324                                                                     |
| Tamil Nadu                                                              | 311                                                                     |
| Telangana                                                               | 400                                                                     |
| Tripura                                                                 | 120                                                                     |
| Uttar Pradesh                                                           | 360                                                                     |
| Uttarakhand                                                             | 423                                                                     |
| West Bengal                                                             | 203                                                                     |
| All India                                                               | 320                                                                     |

## Steps taken by the Government to prevent adulteration:-

## (1) Steps taken by the FSSAI:-

FSSAI is also constantly working to improve the quality and safety of the milk and milk products at the national level and some major initiatives taken recently to ensure supply  of  safe  and  quality  milk  and  milk  products  to  the  consumers  include  the following:

- i. A harmonized Scheme of Inspection and Testing (STI) has been specified for dairy  processing  plants  for  the  purpose  of  self-monitoring  and  strengthening  of internal  controls  to  ensure  safe  and  good  quality  of  milk  and  milk  products  to consumers.
- ii. It  has  been  made  mandatory  for  dairy  businesses  to  get  their  operations audited for food safety by recognized auditing agencies at specified intervals as per Food Safety and Standards (Food Safety Auditing) Regulations, 2018.
- iii. Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has set up Food Safety Training  &  Certification  (FoSTaC)  ecosystem  to  ensure  widespread  and  effective delivery of food safety training to dairy businesses across the value chain.
- iv. FSSAI has published a compilation of simple tests for detection of adulteration in milk and also consumer guidance note on milk products which are available online and enable consumers to a large extent in sourcing safe and adulteration free milk and milk products. In this context, FSSAI has also developed a Food Safety Magic Box  (FSMB)  which  is  a  Do-it-Yourself  tool  for  carrying  out  100  super  easy  tests, including sensory tests even at consumer level.
- v. The state food laboratories and referral food laboratories have been equipped with primary rapid testing machines such as Electronic Milk Analyzer and Tester for testing  of  various  quality  parameters  and  adulterants  in  milk,  as  well  as  and portable/hand-held type screening device to test Aflatoxin, antibiotic and pesticides residues in milk.
- vi. For  on  the  spot  testing  of  adulterants  in  milk  and  milk  products  in  remote areas,  mobile  food  testing  laboratories,  referred  to  as  Food  Safety  on  Wheels (FSWs) equipped with rapid milk analyzer have made available to governments in states  /  union  territories.  .   90  Mobile  Food  Testing  labs  (called  Food  Safety  on Wheels) have been provided to States for testing in remote areas.
- vii. State Food Safety Departments, who are primarily responsible for implementation  and  enforcement  of  Food  Safety  and  Standards  Act,  2006  and rules  and  regulations  made  there  under;   are  regularly  instructed to  maintain  strict vigil  on  milk  chilling  units  to  eliminate  chances  of  adulteration  and  take  stringent actions  against  the  violators  and  to  intensify  surveillance  during  festive  seasons when demand of milk and milk products are comparatively high.

## (2) Steps taken by DAHD:-

The  Department  of  Animal  Husbandry  &  Dairying,  Government  of  India  has  been implementing Dairy  Development  schemes   namely  National  Programme  for  Dairy Development and Dairy processing and Infrastructure Development Fund across the country  to  create  necessary  infrastructure  for  chilling,  processing  &  testing  of  milk and milk products through dairy cooperatives/FPO.