Lok Sabha Question No. 986 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2021-02-08
Subject: Preserving the Language and Culture of the Tribes
Ministry: TRIBAL AFFAIRS
Asked by: Naba (Hira) Kumar Sarania

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF TRIBAL AFFAIRS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO † 986

TO BE ANSWERED ON 08.02.2021

## PRESERVING THE LANGUAGE AND CULTURE OF THE TRIBES

† 986.  SHRI NABA KUMAR SARANIA :

Will the Minister of TRIBAL AFFAIRS be pleased to state:-

- (a) the details of the Tribes and Sub-tribes residing in various states of the country
- (b) whether several Tribes are on the verge of extinction;
- (c) if so, the details thereof;
- (d)  the  details  of  the  schemes  launched  by  the  Government  to  preserve the  language,  culture  of  the tribals in the country;
- (e) the details of the schemes launched by the Government for the Tribes of North Eastern States;
- (f) the State-wise details of the various festivals of different tribes in the country along with the days of the celebrations thereof;
- (g)  whether  the  Government  has  not  yet  accepted  the  report  of  Prof.  Virginius  Xaxa  Committee constituted for socio-economic, education and health of tribes in 2013; and (h) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE FOR TRIBAL AFFAIRS (SMT. RENUKA SINGH SARUTA)

- (a) : State/Union Territory wise list of Scheduled Tribes in India is given at Annexure-I.
- (b)  &  (c):  No  such  report/information  has  been  received  in  the  Ministry.  However,  there  are  certain groups among Scheduled Tribes who have declining or stagnant population, low level of literacy, preagricultural  level  of  technology  and  are  economically  backward.   These  groups  are  among  the  most vulnerable sections of our society as they are few in numbers, have not attained any significant level of social and economic development and generally inhabit remote localities having poor infrastructure and administrative support.  75 such groups in 18 States and one UT have been identified and categorized as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).
- (d)  :  Ministry  of  Tribal  Affairs  is  administering  two  schemes  namely  'Support  to  Tribal  Research Institutes (TRIs)' and 'Tribal Festival, Research, Information and Mass Education'. Through the scheme support to TRIs, funds are provided to State Governments to strengthen and support the TRIs in their infrastructure needs, research & documentation activities, evidence based action and applied research to  find  solution  and  create  replicate  models  of  development,  construction  and  maintenance  of  tribal museums, organization of tribal festivals, programs for preservation of tribal cultural heritage in dance, music, painting etc. and training and capacity building programs.
- (e): Government has adopted a multi-pronged strategy for overall development of tribal people across the  country  including  North  Eastern  States  which  includes  support  for  education,  health,  sanitation, water supply, skill development, livelihood, etc. Major part of infrastructure development and provision of basic  amenities  in  tribal  areas  /  regions  in  the  country  is  carried  out  through  various  schemes  / programmes of concerned Central Ministries and State Governments concerned, while the Ministry of Tribal Affairs provides additive to these initiatives by way of plugging critical gaps.

A  List  of  schemes/  programmes  being  implemented  by  the  Ministry  of  Tribal  Affais  for  the  socioeconomic  development  of  the  Scheduled  Tribes  (STs)  including  for  North  Eastern  States  is  given at Annexure- II.

- (f):  No  such  information  is  maintained  centrally.  However, as  provided  by  Government  of  Andhra Pradesh, Government of Meghalaya and Government of Mizoram, a list of tribal festivals in their States is given at Annexure-III .

Further, National  tribal  festival/carnival  is  organized  annually  by  the  Ministry  of  Tribal  Affairs (MoTA) through Tribal  Cooperative  Marketing  Federation  of  India (TRIFED)  to  showcase  glimpses  of rich cultural heritage of tribal people across the country including unique forms of folk dances, songs, cuisine,  exhibition  and  demonstration  of  traditional  skill  in  painting,  art  and  craft,  medicinal  practices since 2015 as detailed below:

|   Year | Theme                                    | Period                       | Venue                                                        |
|--------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|
|   2015 | National Tribal Festival-Vanaj           | 13 th - 18 th February, 2015 | Indira Gandhi Art and Cultural Centre, New Delhi             |
|   2016 | National Tribal Carnival - 2016          | 25 th - 28 th October, 2016  | Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium and Pragati Maidan, New Delhi   |
|   2017 | National Tribal Festival (Aadi Mahotsav) | 16-30 November,2017          | DilliHaat, INA, Central Park, Connaught Place etc, New Delhi |
|   2018 | National Tribal Festival (Aadi Mahotsav) | 16-30 November,2018          | DilliHaat, INA, New Delhi                                    |
|   2019 | National Tribal Festival (Aadi Mahotsav) | 16-30 November,2019          | DilliHaat, INA, New Delhi                                    |
|   2021 | National Tribal Festival (Aadi Mahotsav) | 1-15 February,2021           | DilliHaat, INA, New Delhi                                    |

Similar  events  are  also  organized  by  TRIFED  in  collaboration  with  Ministry  of  Tribal  Affairs  at  other places in the country.

(g) & (h) : Report of the High Level Committee (HLC) under the Chairpersonship of Prof. Virginius Xaxa has  made  108  recommendations  which  are  mainly  concerned  on  Socio-economic,  Health  and Educational status of Tribal Communities of India.  Recommendations were forwarded to 20 Ministries / Departments and 28 Tribal Welfare Department of States to furnish their views. 20 Ministries and 16 state Governments have furnished their views so far.  The views from 12 state Governments are yet to be received. Thus, the recommendations of the HLC are under consideration of the Government.

Annexure-I referred to in reply to part (a) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 986 for 08.02.2021 regarding 'Preserving the Language and Culture of the Tribes' State / Union Territory wise list of Scheduled Tribes in India

## Andhra Pradesh

1. Andh, Sadhu Andh
2. Bagata
3. Bhil
4. Chenchu
5. Gadabas, Bodo Gadaba, Gutob Gadaba, Kallayi Gadaba, Parangi Gadaba, Kathera Gadaba, Kapu Gadaba
6. Gond, Naikpod, Rajgond,     Koitur
7. Goudu (in the Agency   tracts)
8. Hill Reddis
9. Jatapus
10. Kammara
11. Kattunayakan
12. Kolam, Kolawar
13. Konda Dhoras, Kubi
14. Konda Kapus
15. Kondareddis
16. Kondhs, Kodi, Kodhu, Desaya Kondhs, Dongria Kondhs, Kuttiya Kondhs, Tikiria Kondhs, Yenity Kondhs, Kuvinga
17. Kotia, Bentho Oriya,

Bartika, Dulia, Holva, Sanrona, Sidhopaiko

18. Koya, Doli Koya, Gutta Koya, Kammara Koya, Musara Koya,Oddi Koya, Pattidi Koya, Rajah, Rasha Koya, Lingadhari Koya (ordinary), Kottu Koya, Bhine Koya, Rajkoya
19. Kulia
20. Malis
4. 21.Manna Dhora
22. Mukha Dhora, Nooka Dhora
23. Nayaks (in the Agency tracts)
24. Pardhan
25. Porja, Parangiperja
26. Reddi Dhoras
27. Rona, Rena
28. Savaras, Kapu Savaras, Maliya Savaras, Khutto Savaras
29. Sugalis, Lambadis,   Banjara
30. Valmiki (Scheduled Areas of Vishakhapatnam, Srikakulam, Vijayanagram, East Godavari and West Godavari districts)
31. Yenadis, Chella Yenadi, Kappala Yenadi, Manchi Yenadi, Reddi Yenadi
32. Yerukulas, Koracha, Dabba Yerukula, Kunchapuri Yerukula, Uppu Yerukula
33. Nakkala, Kurvikaran
34. Dhulia, Paiko, Putiya (in the districts of Vishakhapatnam and Vijayanagaram)

## Arunachal Pradesh

All tribes in the State including:

1.  Abor
2.  Aka
3.  Apatani
4. Nyishi
5.  Galo
6.  Khampti
7.  Khowa
8.  Mishmi, Idu, Taroan
9.  Momba
10. Any Naga tribes
11. Sherdukpen
12. Singpho
13. Hrusso
14. Tagin
15. Khamba
16. Adi

## Assam

- I. In the autonomous Districts of Karbi Anglong and North Cachar Hills.
1. Chakma
2. Dimasa, Kachari
3. Garo
4. Hajong
5. Hmar
6. Khasi, Jaintia, Synteng, Pnar,War, Bhoi, Lyngngam
7. Any Kuki tribes, including: -
9. (i) Biate, Biete
10. (ii) Changsan
11. (iii) Chongloi
12. (iv) Doungel
13. (v) Gamalhou
14. (vi) Gangte
15. (vii) Guite
16. (viii) Hanneng
17. (ix) Haokip, Haupit
18. (x) Haolai
19. (xi) Hengna
20. (xii) Hongsungh

(xiii) Hrangkhwal, Rangkhol (xiv) Jongbe (xv) Khawchung

(xvi) Khawathlang, Khothalong (xvii) Khelma (xviii) Kholhou (xix) Kipgen (xx) Kuki (xxi) Lengthang (xxii) Lhangum (xxiii) Lhoujem (xxiv) Lhouvun (xxv) Lupheng (xxvi) Mangjel (xxvii) Misao (xxviii) Riang (xxix) Sairhem (xxx) Selnam (xxxi) Singson (xxxii) Sitlhou (xxxiii) Sukte (xxxiv) Thado (xxxv) Thangngeu (xxxvi) Uibuh (xxxvii) Vaiphei 8. Lakher 9. Man (Tai speaking) 10. Any Mizo (Lushai) tribes 11.Karbi 12. Any Naga tribes 13.Pawi 14.Syntheng 15.Lalung

II. In the State of Assam including the Bodo land territorial Areas District and excluding the autonomous districts of Karbi Anglong and North Cachar Hills:

1. Barmans in Cachar
2. Boro, Borokachari
3. Deori
4. Hojai
5. Kachari, Sonwal
6. Lalung
7. Mech
8. Miri
9. Rabha
10. Dimasa
11. Hajong
12. Singhpho
13. Khampti
14. Garo

## Bihar

1. Asur, Agaria
2.  Baiga
3.  Banjara
4.  Bathud
5.  Bedia
6. Omitted
7. Binjhia
8. Birhor
9. Birjia
10. Chero
11. Chik Baraik
12. Gond
13. Gorait
14. Ho
15. Karmali
16. Kharia, Dhelki Kharia,

Dudh Kharia, Hill Kharia

17. Kharwar
18. Khond
19. Kisan, Nagesia
20. Kora, Mudi-Kora
21. Korwa
22. Lohara, Lohra
23. Mahli
24. Mal Paharia, Kumarbhag

Paharia

25. Munda, Patar
26. Oraon, Dhangar (Oraon)
27. Parhaiya
28. Santal
29. Sauria Paharia
30. Savar
31. Kawar
32. Kol
33. Tharu

## Chhattisgarh

1. Agariya
2. Andh
3. Baiga
4. Bhaina
5. Bharia Bhumia, Bhuinhar Bhumia, Bhumiya, Bharia, Paliha, Pando
6. Bhattra
7. Bhil, Bhilala, Barela, Patelia
8. Bhil Mina
9. Bhunjia
10. Biar, Biyar
11. Binjhwar
12. Birhul, Birhor
13. Damor, Damaria
14. Dhanwar
15. Gadaba, Gadba

16. Gond, Arakh, Arrakh, Agaria, Asur, Abujh Maria, Badi Maria, Bada Maria, Bhatola, Bhimma, Bhuta, Koliabhuta,  Koliabhuti,  Bhar,  Bisonhorn  Maria,  Chota  Maria,  Dandami  Maria,  Dhuru,  Dhurwa,  Dhoba, Dhulia,  Dorla,  Gaiki,  Gatta,  Gatti,  Gaita,  Gond  Gowari,  Hill  Maria,  Kandra,  Kalanga,  Khatola,  Koitar, Koya, Khirwar, Khirwara, Kucha Maria, Kuchaki Maria, Madia, Maria, Mana, Mannewar, Moghya, Mogia, Monghya,  Mudia,  Muria,  Nagarchi,  Nagwanshi,  Ojha,  Raj,  Sonjhari  Jhareka,  Thatia,  Thotya,  Wade Maria, Vade Maria, Daroi

17. Halba, Halbi
18. Kamar
19. Karku
20. Kawar, Kanwar, Kaur, Cherwa, Rathia, Tanwar, Chhatri
21. Khairwar, Kondar
22. Kharia
23. Kondh, Khond, Kandh
24. Kol
25. Kolam
26. Korku, Bopchi, Mouasi, Nihal, Nahul Bondhi, Bondeya
27. Korwa, Hill Korwa, Kodaku
28. Majhi
29. Majhwar
30. Mawasi
31. Munda
32. Nagesia, Nagasia
33. Oraon, Dhanka, Dhangad
34. Pao
35. Pardhan, Pathari, Saroti

36 Pardhi, Bahelia, Bahellia, Chita Pardhi, Langoli Pardhi, Phans Pardhi, Shikari, Takankar, Takia [In (i) Bastar, Dantewara, Kanker, Raigarh, Jashpurnagar, Surguja and Koria districts, and (ii) Katghora, Pali, Kartala and Korba tahsils of Korba district, (iii) Bilaspur, Pendra, Kota and Takhatpur tahsils of Bilaspur district, (iv) Durg, Patan Gunderdehi, Dhamdha, Balod, Gurur and Dondilohara tahsils of Durg district, (v) Chowki, Manpur and Mohala Revenue Inspector Circles of Rajnandgaon district, (vi) Mahasamund Saraipali and Basna tahsils of Mahasamund district, (vii) Bindra-Navagarh Rajim and Deobhog tahsils of Raipur district, and (viii) Dhamtari, Kurud and Sihava tahsils of Dhamtari district

37. Parja
38. Sahariya, Saharia, Seharia, Sehria, Sosia, Sor
39. Saonta, Saunta
40. Saur
41. Sawar, Sawara
42. Sonr

## Goa

1. Dhodia
2. Dubla (Halpati)
3. Naikda (Talavia)
4. Siddi (Nayaka)
5. Varli
6. Kunbi
7. Gawda
8. Velip

## Gujarat

1. Barda
2. Bavacha, Bamcha
3. Bharwad (in the Nesses of the forests of Alech, Barada and Gir)
4.  Bhil,  Bhil  Garasia,  Dholi  Bhil,  Dungri  Bhil,  Dungri  Garasia,  Mewasi  Bhil,  Rawal  Bhil,  Tadvi  Bhil, Bhagalia, Bhilala, Pawra, Vasava, Vasave.
5. Charan (in the Nesses of the forests of Alech, Barada and Gir)
6. Chaudhri (in Surat and Valsad districts)
7. Chodhara
8. 8.Dhanka,Tadvi, Tetaria, Valvi
9. Dhodia, Dhodi
10. Dubla, Talavia, Halpati
11. Gamit, Gamta, Gavit, Mavchi, Padvi
12. Gond, Rajgond
13. Kathodi, Katkari, Dhor Kathodi, Dhor Katkari, Son Kathodi, Son Katkari
14. Kokna, Kokni, Kukna
15. Omitted
16. Koli Dhor, Tokre Koli, Kolcha, Kolgha
17. Kunbi (in the Dangs district)
18. Naikda, Nayaka, Cholivala Nayaka, Kapadia Nayaka, Mota Nayaka, Nana Nayaka
19. Padhar
20. Omitted
21. Pardhi, Advichincher, Phanse Pardhi (excluding Amreli, Bhavanagar, Jamnagar, Junagadh, Kutch, Rajkot and Surendranagar districts)
22. Patelia
23. Pomla
24. Rabari (in the Nesses of the forests of Alech, Barada and Gir)
25. Rathawa
26.  Siddi,  Siddi-Badshan  (in  Amreli,  Bhavnagar,  Jamnagar,  Junagadh,  Rajkot  and  Surendranagar districts)
27. Omitted
28. Varli
29. Vitola, Kotwalia, Barodia
30. Bhil, Bhilala, Barela, Patelia
31. Tadvi Bhil, Bawra,Vasave,
32. Padvi.

## Himachal Pradesh

1. Bhot, Bodh
2. Gaddi
3. Gujjar
4. Jad, Lamba, Khampa
5. Kanaura, Kinnara
6. Lahaula
7. Pangwala
8. Swangla
9. Beta, Beda
10. Domba, Gara, Zoba

## Jammu & Kashmir

- 1  Balti
2. Beda
3. Bot, Boto
4. Brokpa, Drokpa, Dard, Shin
5. Changpa
6. Garra
7. Mon
8. Purigpa
9. Gujjar
10. Bakarwal
11. Gaddi  `
12. Sippi

## Jharkhand

1. Asur, Agaria
2. Baiga
3. Banjara
4. Bathudi
5. Bedia
6. Binjhia
7. Birhor
8. Birjia
9. Chero
10. Chik Baraik
11. Gond
12. Gorait
13. Ho
14. Karmali
15. Kharia, Dhelki Kharia, Dudh Kharia, Hill Kharia
16. Kharwar
17. Khond
18. Kisan, Nagesia
19. Kora, Mudi-Kora
20. Korwa
21. Lohra
22. Mahli
23. Mal Paharia, Kumarbhag Paharia
24. Munda, Patar
25. Oraon, Dhangar (Oraon)
26. Parhaiya
27. Santhal
28. Sauria Paharia
29. Savar
30. Bhumij
31. Kawar
32. Kol

## Karnataka

1. Adiyan
2. Barda
3. Bavacha, Bamcha
4. Bhil, Bhil Garasia, Dholi Bhil, Dungri Bhil, Dungri Garasia, Mewasi Bhil, Rawal Bhil, Tadvi Bhil, Bhagalia, Bhilala, Pawra, Vasava, Vasave
5. Chenchu, Chenchwar
6. Chodhara
7. Dubla, Talavia, Halpati
8. Gamit, Gamta, Gavit, Mavchi, Padvi, Valvi
9. Gond, Naikpod, Rajgond
10. Gowdalu
11. Hakkipikki
12. Hasalaru
13. Irular
14. Iruliga
15. Jenu Kuruba
16. Kadu Kuruba
17. Kammara (in South Kanara district and Kollegal taluk of Mysore district)
18. Kaniyan, Kanyan (in Kollegal taluk of Mysore district)
19. Kathodi, Katkari, Dhor Kathodi, Dhor Katkari, Son Kathodi, Son Katkari
20. Kattunayakan
21. Kokna, Kokni, Kukna
22. Koli Dhor, Tokre Koli, Kolcha, Kolgha
23. Konda Kapus
24. Koraga
25. Kota
26. Koya, Bhine Koya, Rajkoya
27. Kudiya, Melakudi
28. Kuruba (in Coorg district)
29. Kurumans
30. Maha Malasar
31. Malaikudi
32. Malasar
33. Malayekandi
34. Maleru
35. Maratha (in Coorg district)
36. Marati (in south Kanara district)
37. Meda, Medara, Medari, Gauriga, Burud
38. Naikda, Nayaka(including Parivara and Talawara), Cholivala Nayaka, Kapadia Nayaka, Mota Nayaka, Nana Nayaka, Naik, Nayak, Beda, Bedar, and Valmiki.
39. Palliyan
40. Paniyan
41. Pardhi, Advichincher, Phanse Pardhi, Haranshikari
42. Patelia
43. Rathawa
44. Sholaga
45. Soligaru
46. Toda
47. Varli
48. Vitolia, Kotwalia, Barodia
49. Yerava
50. Siddi (in Belagavi, Dharwad and Uttar Kannada district)

## Kerala

1. Adiyan
2. Arandan, Aranadan
3. Eravallan
4. Hill Pulaya, Mala Pulayan, Kurumba Pulayan, Karavazhi Pulayan, Pamba Pulayan
5. Irular, Irulan
6. Kadar, Wayanad Kadar
7. Omitted
8. Kanikaran, Kanikkar
9. Kattunayakan
10. Kochuvelan
11. Omitted
12. Omitted
13. Koraga
14. Omitted
15. Kudiya, Melakudi
16. Kurichchan, Kurichiyan
17. Kurumans , Mullu Kuruman, Mulla Kuruman, Mala Kuruman
18. Kurumbas, Kurumbar, Kurumban
19. Maha Malasar
20. Malai Arayan, Mala Arayan
21. Malai Pandaram
22. Malai Vedan, Malavedan
23. Malakkuravan
24. Malasar
25. Malayan, Nattu Malayan, Konga Malayan (excluding the areas comprising the Kasargode,

Connanore, Wayanad and Kozhikode districts)

26. Malayarayar
27. Mannan
28. Omitted
29. Muthuvan, Mudugar, Muduvan
30. Palleyan, Palliyan, Palliyar, Paliyan
31. Omitted
32. Omitted
33. Paniyan
34. Ulladan, Ullatan
35. Uraly
36. Mala Vettuvan (in Kasargode and Kannur districts)
37. Ten Kurumban, Jenu Kurumban
38. Thachanadan, Thachanadan Moopan
39. Cholanaickan
40. Mavilan
41. Karimpalan
42. Vetta Kuruman
43. Mala Panickar

## Ladakh

1. Balti
2. Beda
3. Bot, Boto
4. Brokpa, Drokpa, Dard, Shin
5. Changpa
6. Garra
7. Mon
8. Purigpa
9. Gujjar
10. Bakarwal
11. Gaddi  `
12. Sippi

## Madhya Pradesh

1. Agariya
2. Andh
3. Baiga
4. Bhaina
5. Bharia Bhumia, Bhuinhar Bhumia, Bhumiya, Bharia, Paliha, Pando
6. Bhattra
7. Bhil, Bhilala, Barela, Patelia
8. Bhil Mina
9. Bhunjia
10. Biar, Biyar
11. Binjhwar
12. Birhul, Birhor
13. Damor, Damaria
14. Dhanwar
15. Gadaba, Gadba
16. Gond; Arakh, Arrakh, Agaria, Asur, Badi Maria, Bada Maria, Bhatola, Bhimma, Bhuta, Koliabhuta, Koliabhuti, Bhar, Bisonhorn Maria, Chota Maria, Dandami Maria, Dhuru, Dhurwa, Dhoba, Dhulia, Dorla, Gaiki,  Gatta,  Gatti,  Gaita,  Gond  Gowari,  Hill  Maria,  Kandra,  Kalanga,  Khatola,  Koitar,  Koya,  Khirwar, Khirwara,  Kucha  Maria,  Kuchaki  Maria,  Madia,  Maria,  Mana,  Mannewar,  Moghya,  Mogia,  Monghya, Mudia, Muria,  Nagarchi,  Nagwanshi,  Ojha, Raj,  Sonjhari  Jhareka, Thatia,  Thotya, Wade Maria,  Vade Maria, Daroi
17. Halba, Halbi
18. Kamar
19. Karku
20. Kawar, Kanwar, Kaur, Cherwa, Rathia, Tanwar, Chattri
21. (Omitted)
22. Khairwar, Kondar
23. Kharia
24. Kondh, Khond, Kandh
25. Kol
26. Kolam
27. Korku, Bopchi, Mouasi, Nihal, Nahul Bondhi, Bondeya
28. Korwa, Kodaku
29. Majhi
30. Majhwar
31. Mawasi
32. Omitted
33. Munda
34. Nagesia, Nagasia
35. Oraon, Dhanka, Dhangad
36. Panika [in (i) Chhatarpur, Panna, Rewa, Satna, Shahdol, Umaria, Sidhi and Tikamgarh districts, and
37. (ii) Sevda and Datia Tahsils of Datia district]
37. Pao
38. Pardhan, Pathari, Saroti
39. Omitted
41. 40.Pardhi, Bahelia, Bahellia, Chita Pardhi, Langoli Pardhi, Phans Pardhi, Shikari, Takankar, Takia [In (i) Chhindwara,  Mandla,  Dindori  and  Seoni  districts,  (ii)  Baihar  Tahsil  of  Balaghat  District,  (iii)  Betul, Bhainsdehi  and  Shahpur  tahsils  of  Betul  district,  (iv)  Patan  tahsil  and  Sihora  and  Majholi  blocks  of Jabalpur district, (v) Katni (Murwara) and Vijaya Raghogarh tahsils and Bahoriband and Dhemerkheda blocks of Katni district, (vi) Hoshang abad , Babai, Sohagpur, Pipariya and Bankhedi tah sils and Kesla block of Hoshangabad district, (vii) Narsinghpur district, and (viii)Harsud Tahsil of Khandwa district]
41. Parja
42. Sahariya, Saharia, Seharia, Sehria, Sosia, Sor
43. Saonta, Saunta
44. Saur
45. Sawar, Sawara
46. Sonr

## Maharashtra

1. Adh
2. Baiga
3. Barda
4. Bavacha, Bamcha
5. Bhaina
6. Bharia Bhumia, Bhuinhar Bhumia, Pando
7. Bhattra
8. Bhil, Bhil Garasia, Dholi Bhil, Dungri Bhil, Dungri Garasia, Mewasi Bhil, Rawal Bhil, Tadvi Bhil, Bhagalia, Bhilala, Pawra, Vasava, Vasave
9. Bhunjia
10. Binjhwar
11. Birhul, Birhor
12. Omitted
13. Dhanka, Tadvi, Tetaria, Valvi
14. Dhanwar
15. Dhodia
16. Dubla, Talavia, Halpati
17. Gamit, Gamta, Gavit, Mavchi, Padvi
18.  Gond,  Rajgond,  Arakh,  Arrakh,  Agaria,  Asur,  Badi  Maria,  Bada  Maria,  Bhatola,  Bhimma,  Bhuta, Koilabhuta,  Koilabhuti,  Bhar,  Bisonhorn  Maria,  Chota  Maria,  Dandami  Maria,  Dhuru,  Dhurwa,  Dhoba, Dhulia,  Dorla,  Gaiki,  Gatta,  Gatti,  Gaita,  Gond  Gowari,  Hill  Maria,  Kandra,  Kalanga,  Khatola,  Koitar, Koya,  Khirwar,  Khirwara,  Kucha  Maria,  Kuchaki  Maria,  Madia,  Maria,  Mana,  Man  newar,  Moghya, Mogia,  Monghya,  Mudia,  Muria,  Nagarchi,  Naikpod,  Nagwanshi,  Ojha,  Raj,  Sonjhari  Jhareka,  Thatia, Thotya, Wade Maria, Vade Maria.
19. Halba, Halbi
20. Kamar
21. Kathodi, Katkari, Dhor Kathodi, Dhor Kathkari, Son Kathodi, Son Katkari
22. Kawar, Kanwar, Kaur, Cherwa, Rathia, Tanwar, Chattri
23. Khairwar
24. Kharia
25. Kokna, Kokni, Kukna
26. Kol
27. Kolam, Mannervarlu
28. Koli Dhor, Tokre Koli, Kolcha, Kolgha
29. Koli Mahadev, Dongar Koli
30. Koli Malhar
31. Kondh, Khond, Kandh
32. Korku, Bopchi, Mouasi, Nihal, Nahul, Bondhi, Bondeya
33. Koya, Bhine Koya, Rajkoya
34. Nagesia, Nagasia
35. Naikda, Nayaka, Cholivala Nayaka, Kapadia Nayaka, Mota Nayaka, Nana Nayaka
36. Oraon, Dhangad
37. Pardhan, Pathari, Saroti
38. Pardhi, Advichincher, Phans Pardhi, Phanse Pardhi, Langoli Pardhi, Bahelia, Bahellia, Chita Pardhi, Shikari, Takankar, Takia
39. Parja
40. Patelia
41. Pomla
42. Rathawa
43. Sawar, Sawara
44. Thakur, Thakar, Ka Thakur, Ka Thakar, Ma Thakur, Ma Thakar
45. Omitted
46. Varli
47. Vitolia, Kotwalia, Barodia

## Manipur

1. Aimol
2. Anal
3. Angami
4. Chiru
5. Chothe
6. Gangte
7. Hmar
8. Kabui, Inpui, Rongmei
9. Kacha Naga, Liangmai, Zeme
10. Koirao, Thangal
11. Koireng
12. Kom
13. Lamgang
14. Mao
15. Maram
16. Maring
17. Any Mizo (Lushai) Tribes
18. Monsang
19. Moyon
20. Paite
21. Purum
22. Ralte
23. Sema
24. Simte
25. Suhte
26. Tangkhul
27. Thadou
28. Vaiphei
29. Zou
30. Poumai Naga
31. Tarao
32. Kharam
33. Any Kuki tribes.
34. Mate

## Meghalaya

1. Chakma
2. Dimasa, Kachari
3. Garo
4. Hajong
5. Hmar
6. Khasi, Jaintia, Synteng, Pnar, War, Bhoi, Lyngngam
7. Any Kuki tribes, including:-
- i. Biate, Biete
- ii. Changsan
- iii. Chongloi
- iv. Doungel
- v. Gamalhou
- vi. Gangte
- vii. Guite
- viii. Hanneng
- ix. Haokip, Haupit
- x. Haolai
- xi. Hengna
- xii. Hongsungh

xiii. Hrangkhwal, Rangkhol xiv. Jongbe xv. Khawchung xvi. Khawathlang, Khothalong xvii. Khelma xviii. Kholhou xix. Kipgen xx. Kuki xxi. Lengthang xxii. Lhangum xxiii. Lhoujem xxiv. Lhouvun xxv. Lupheng xxvi. Mangjel xxvii. Misao xxviii. Riang xxix. Sairhem xxx. Selnam xxxi. Singson xxxii. Sitlhou xxxiii. Sukte xxxiv. Thado xxxv. Thangngeu xxxvi. Uibuh

- xxxvii. Vaiphei
8. Lakher
9. Man (Tai Speaking)
10. Any Mizo (Lushai) tribes
11. Mikir
12. Any Naga tribes
13. Pawi
14. Synteng
15. Boro Kacharis
16. Koch
17. Raba, Rava

## Mizoram

1. Chakma
2. Dimasa (Kachari)
3. Garo
4. Hajong
5. Hmar
6. Khasi and Jaintia, (Including Khasi, Synteng or Pnar, War, Bhoi or Lyngngam)
7. Any Kuki tribes, including: -

(i) Baite or Beite (ii) Changsan (iii) Chongloi (iv) Doungel (v) Gamalhou (vi) Gangte (vii) Guite (viii) Hanneng (ix) Haokip or Haupit (x) Haolai (xi) Hengna (xii) Hongsungh (xiii) Hrangkhwal or Rangkhol (xiv) Jongbe (xv) Khawchung

(xvi)Khawathlang or Khothalong (xvii) Khelma (xviii) Kholhou (xix) Kipgen (xx) Kuki (xxi) Lengthang (xxii) Lhangum (xxiii) Lhoujem (xxiv) Lhouvun (xxv) Lupheng (xxvi) Mangjel (xxvii) Missao (xxviii) Riang (xxix) Sairhem (xxx) Selnam (xxxi) Singson (xxxii) Sitlhou (xxxiii) Sukte (xxxiv) Thado (xxxv) Thangngeu (xxxvi) Uibuh (xxxvii) Vaiphei 8. Lakher 9. Man (Tai-speaking) 10. Any Mizo (Lushai) tribes 11. Mikir 12. Any Naga tribes. 13. Pawi 14. Synteng.

15. Paite

## Nagaland

1. Naga
2. Kuki
3. Kachari
4. Mikir
5. Garo

## Odisha

1. Bagata, Bhakta
2. Baiga
3. Banjara, Banjari
4. Bathudi, Bathuri
5. Bhottada, Dhotada Bhotra, Bhatra, Bhattara, Bhotora, Bhatara
6. Bhuiya, Bhuyan
7. Bhumia
8. Bhumij, Teli Bhumij, Haladipokhria Bhumij, Haladi Pokharia Bhumija, Desi Bhumij, Desia Bhumij,

Tamaria Bhumij

9. Bhunjia
10. Binjhal, Binjhwar
11. Binjhia, Binjhoa
12. Birhor
13. Bondo Poraja, Bonda Paroja, Banda Paroja
14. Chenchu
15. Dal
16. Desua Bhumij
17. Dharua, Dhuruba, Dhurva
18. Didayi, Didai Paroja, Didai
19. Gadaba, Bodo Gadaba, Gutob Gadaba, Kapu Gadaba, Ollara Gadaba, Parenga Gadaba, Sano Gadaba
20. Gandia
21. Ghara
22. Gond, Gondo,  Rajgond, Maria Gond, Dhur Gond
23. Ho
24. Holva
25. Jatapu
26. Juang
27. Kandha Gauda
28. Kawar, Kanwar
29.  Kharia,  Kharian  Berga  Kharia,  Dhelki  Kharia,  Dudh  Kharia,  Erenga  Kharia,  Munda  Kharia,Oraon Kharia, Khadia, Pahari Kharia
30. Kharwar
31.  Khond,  Kond,  Kandha,  Nanguli  Kandha,  Sitha  Kandha  Kondh,  Kui,  Buda  Kondh,  Bura  Kandha, Desia  Kandha,  Dungaria  Kondh,  Kutia  Kandha,  Kandha  Gauda,  Muli  Kondh,  Malua  Kondh,  Pengo Kandha, Raja Kondh, Raj Khond
32. Kisan, Nagesar, Nagesia
33. Kol
34. Kolah Loharas, Kol Loharas
35. Kolha
36. Koli, Malhar
37. Kondadora
38. Kora, Khaira, Khayara
39. Korua
40. Kotia
41. Koya, Gumba Koya, Koitur Koya, Kamar Koya, Musara Koya
42. Kulis
43. Lodha, Nodh, Nodha, Lodh
44. Madia
45. Mahali
46. Mankidi
47. Mankirdia, Mankria, Mankidi
48. Matya, Matia
49. Mirdhas, Kuda, Koda
50. Munda, Munda Lohara, Munda Mahalis, Nagabanshi Munda, Oriya Munda
51. Mundari
52. Omanatya, Omanatyo, Amanatya
53. Oraon, Dhangar, Uran
54. Parenga
55. Paroja, Parja, Bodo Paroja, Barong Jhodia Paroja, Chhelia Paroja, Jhodia Paroja, Konda Paroja, Paraja, Ponga Paroja, Sodia Paroja, Sano Paroja, Solia Paroja
56. Pentia
57. Rajuar
58. Santal
59.  Saora,  Savar,  Saura,  Sahara,  Arsi  Saora,  Based  Saora,  Bhima  Saora,  Bhimma  Saora,  Chumura Saora,  Jara  Savar,  Jadu  Saora,  Jati  Saora,  Juari  Saora,  Kampu  Saora,  Kampa  Soura,  Kapo  Saora, Kindal Saora, Kumbi Kancher Saora, Kalapithia Saora, Kirat Saora, Lanjia Saora, Lamba Lanjia Saora, Luara  Saora,  Luar  Saora,  Laria  Savar,  Malia  Saora,  Malla  Saora,  Uriya  Saora,  Raika  Saora,  Sudda Saora, Sarda Saora, Tankala Saora, Patro Saora, Vesu Saora
60. Shabar, Lodha
61. Sounti
62. Tharua, Tharua Birdhani

Rajasthan

1. Bhil, Bhil Garasia, Dholi Bhil, Dungri Bhil, Dungri Garasia, Mewasi Bhil, Rawal Bhil, Tadvi Bhil, Bhagalia, Bhilala, Pawra, Vasava, Vasave
2.   Bhil Mina
3. Damor, Damaria
4. Dhanka, Tadvi, Tetaria, Valvi
5. 5.Garasia (excluding Rajput Garasia)
6. 6.Kathodi, Katkari, Dhor Kathodi, Dhor Katkari, Son Kathodi, Son Katkari
7. Kokna, Kokni, Kukna
8. Koli Dhor, Tokre Koli, Kolcha, Kolgha
9. Mina
10. Naikda, Nayaka, Cholivala Nayaka, Kapadia Nayaka, Mota Nayaka, Nana Nayaka
11. Patelia
12. Seharia, Sehria, Sahariya.

## Sikkim

1. Bhutia (including Chumbipa, Dopthapa, Dukpa, Kagatey, Sherpa, Tibetan, Tromopa, Yolmo)
2. Lepcha
3. Limboo    4. Tamang

## Tamil Nadu

1. Adiyan
2. Aranadan
3. Eravallan
4. Irular
5. Kadar
6. 6.Kammara (excluding Kanyakumari district and Shenkottah taluk of Tirunelveli district)
7.  Kanikaran,  Kanikkar  (in  Kanyakumari  district  and  Shenkottah  and  Ambasamudram  taluks  of Tirunelveli district)
8. Kaniyan, Kanyan
9. Kattunayakan
10. Kochu Velan
11. Konda Kapus
12. Kondareddis
13. Koraga
14. 14.Kota (excluding Kanyakumari district and Shenkottah taluk of Tirunelveli district)
15. Kudiya, Melakudi
16. Kurichchan
17. Kurumbas (in the Nilgiris district)
18. Kurumans
19. Maha Malasar
20. Malai Arayan
21. Malai Pandaram
22. Malai Vedan
23. Malakkuravan
24. Malasar
25. Malayali (in Dharmapuri, North Arcot, Pudukottai, Salem, South Arcot and Tiruchirapalli districts)
26. Malayekandi
27. Mannan
28. Mudugar, Muduvan
29. Muthuvan
30. Palleyan
31. Palliyan
32. Palliyar
33. Paniyan
34. Sholaga
35. 35.Toda (excluding Kanyakumari district and Shenkottah Taluk of Tirunelveli district)
36. Uraly

## Telangana

1. Andh, Sadhu Andh
2. Bagata
3. Bhil
4. Chenchu
5. Gadabas, Bodo Gadaba, Gutob Gadaba, Kallayi Gadaba, Parangi Gadaba, Kathera Gadaba, Kapu Gadaba
6. Gond, Naikpod, Rajgond, Koitur
7. 7.Goudu (in the Agency tracts)
8. Hill Reddis
9. Jatapus
10. Kammara
11. Kattunayakan
12. Kolam, Kolawar
13. Konda Dhoras, Kubi
14. Konda Kapus
15. Kondareddis

16. Kondhs, Kodi, Kodhu, Desaya Kondhs, Dongria Kondhs, Kuttiya Kondhs, Tikiria Kondhs, Yenity Kondhs, Kuvinga

17. Kotia, Bentho Oriya, Bartika, Dulia, Holva, Sanrona, Sidhopaiko
18. Koya, Doli Koya, Gutta Koya, Kammara Koya, Musara Koya,Oddi Koya, Pattidi Koya, Rajah, Rasha Koya, Lingadhari Koya (ordinary), Kottu Koya, Bhine Koya, Rajkoya
19. Kulia
20. Manna Dhora
21. Mukha Dhora, Nooka Dhora
22. Nayaks (in the Agency tracts)
23. Pardhan
24. Porja, Parangiperja
25. Reddi Dhoras
26. Rona, Rena
27. Savaras, Kapu Savaras, Maliya Savaras, Khutto Savaras
28. Sugalis, Lambadis, Banjara
29. Thoti (in Adilabad, Hyderabad, Karimnagar, Khammam, Mahbubnagar, Medak, Nalgonda,

Nizamabad and Warangal districts)

30. Yenadis, Chella Yenadi, Kappala Yenadi, Manchi Yenadi, Reddi Yenadi
31. Yerukulas, Koracha, Dabba Yerukula, Kunchapuri Yerukula, Uppu Yerukula
32. Nakkala, Kurvikaran

Tripura

1. Bhil
2. Bhutia
3. Chaimal
4. Chakma
5. Garoo

6.Halam, Bengshel, Dub, Kaipeng, Kalai, Karbong, Lengui, Mussum, Rupini, Sukuchep, Thangchep

7. Jamatia 8. Khasia 9. Kuki, including the fol lowing sub-tribes:-

(i)  Balte   (ii)  Belalhut           (iii) Chhalya (iv) Fun                  (v) Hajango (vi) Jangtei          (vii) Khareng (viii)  Khephong  (ix)  Kuntei  (x)  Laifang(xi)  Lentei  (xii)  Mizel             (xiii)  Namte  (xiv)  Paitu,  Paite  (xv) Rangchan               (xvi) Rangkhole(xvii) Thangluya

10. Lepcha
11. Lushai
12. Mag
13. Munda, Kaur
14. Noatia, Murashing
15. Orang
16. Riang
17. Santal
18. Tripura, Tripuri, Tippera
19. Uchai.

## Uttarakhand

1. Bhotia
2. Buksa
3. Jaunsari
4. Raji
5. Tharu

## Uttar Pradesh

1. Bhotia
2. Buksa
3. Jaunsari
4. Raji
5. Tharu
6. Gond, Dhuria, Nayak, Ojha, Pathari, Raj Gond (in the districts of Mehrajganj, Sidharth Nagar, Basti, Gorakhpur, Deoria, Mau, Azamgarh, Jonpur, Balia, Gazipur, Varanasi, Mirzapur and Sonbadra)
7. Kharwar, Khairwar (in the districts of Deoria, Balia, Ghazipur, Varanasi and Sonbhadra)
8. Saharya (in the district of Lalitpur)
9. Parahiya (in the district of Sonbhadra)
10. Baiga (in the district of Sonbhadra)
11. Pankha, Panika (in the districts of Sonbhadra and Mirzapur)
12. Agariya (in the district of Sonbhadra)
13. Patari (in the district of Sonbhadra)
14. Chero (in the districts of Sonbhadra and Varanasi)
15. Bhuiya, Bhuinya (in the district of Sonbhadra)

## West Bengal

1. Asur
2. Baiga
3. Bedia, Bediya
4. Bhumij
5. Bhutia, Sherpa, Toto, Dukpa, Kagatay, Tibetan, Yolmo
6. Birhor
7. Birjia
8. Chakma
9. Chero
10. Chik Baraik
11. Garo
12. Gond
13. Gorait
14. Hajang
15. Ho
16. Karmali
17. Kharwar
18. Khond
19. Kisan
20. Kora
21. Korwa
22. Lepcha
23. Lodha, Kheria, Kharia
24. Lohara, Lohra.
25. Magh
26. Mahali
27. Mahli
28. Mal Pahariya
29. Mech
30. Mru
31. Munda
32. Nagesia
33. Oraon
34. Parhaiya
35. Rabha
36. Santal
37. Sauria Paharia
38. Savar
39. Limbu (Subba)
40. Tamang

## Andaman & Nicobar

1.  Andamanese, Chariar, Chari, Kora, Tabo, Bo, Yere, Kede, Bea, Balawa, Bojigiyab, Juwai, Kol
2. Jarawas
3. Nicobarese
4. Onges
5. Sentinelese
6. Shom Pens

## Dadar and Nagar Haveli

1.  Dhodia
2. Dubla including Halpati
3. Kathodi
4. Kokna
5. Koli Dhor including Kolgha
6. Naikda or Nayaka
7. Varli

## Daman and Diu

Throughout the

Union territory:

1. Dhodia
2. Dubla (Halpati)
3. Naikda (Talavia)
4. Siddi (Nayaka)
5. Varli.

## Lakshadweep

Throughout the Union territory: -

Inhabitants of the Laccadive, Minicoy and Aminidivi Islands who, and both of whose parents, were born in those islands.

'Provided  that  the  children  who  are  born  to  inhabitants  of  Lakshadweep  in  any  other  place  in  the mainland  of  India  shall  be  deemed  to  be  inhabitants  born  in  the  islands  if  such  children  settle  permanently in the islands'.

Explanation:  The  term  'settle  permanently'  shall  have  the  same  meaning  as  defined  under  Clause 3(I)(d) of the Lakshadweep Panchayat Regulation, 1994.

## Puducherry

Irular (including Villi and Vettaikaran)

Note: In case of any discrepancies in the spelling of the community in above list, the concerned original Notification will be final & authenticated.

Annexure- II referred to in reply to part (e) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 986 for 08.02.2021 regarding 'Preserving the Language and Culture of the Tribes' List of Schemes and Programmes of Ministry of Tribal Affairs

| S.No.   | Name of the Scheme / Programme                                                                                                                               |
|---------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1       | Special Central Assistance (SCA) to Tribal Sub Scheme (TSS)                                                                                                  |
| 2       | Grants-in-aid under Article 275(1) of the Constitution                                                                                                       |
| 3       | Pre-Matric Scholarship for needy Scheduled Tribe Students studying in Classes IX & X                                                                         |
| 4       | Post - Matric Scholarship Scheme (PMS)                                                                                                                       |
| 5       | National Fellowship and Scholarship for Higher Education of ST Students                                                                                      |
|         | I. National Fellowship for ST Students                                                                                                                       |
|         | II. Scholarship Scheme (Top Class Education) for ST Students                                                                                                 |
| 6       | National Overseas Scholarship Scheme for Higher Studies Abroad                                                                                               |
| 7       | Minimum Support Price for Minor Forest Produce (MSP for MFP)                                                                                                 |
| 8       | Eklavya Model Residential School (EMRS)                                                                                                                      |
| 9       | Grants-in-aid to Voluntary Organisations working for the welfare of Scheduled Tribes.                                                                        |
| 10      | Support to Tribal Research Institutes                                                                                                                        |
| 11      | Scheme for Development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)                                                                                      |
| 12      | Tribal Festival, Research, information and Mass Education                                                                                                    |
| 13      | Equity Support to National Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Corporation(NSTFDC)/ State Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Corporations(STFDCs) |
| 14      | Institutional Support for Marketing and Development of Tribal Products (TRIFED etc.)                                                                         |

Annexure- III referred to in reply to part (f) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 986 for 08.02.2021 regarding 'Preserving the Language and Culture of the Tribes' List of State level/ District level/ Local tribal festivals (month wise) in Andhra Pradesh

|   S No | Name of the Festivals                              | Festival level                 | Duration of the Festival                                          | Place of conducting Festival                                                                                           |
|--------|----------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|      1 | World's Indigenous Peoples Day (World Adivasi Day) | State level                    | Every year on 09 th August                                        | Through out the State                                                                                                  |
|      2 | Sri Alluri Seetharama Raju Jayanth                 | State level                    | Every year on 04 th July                                          | Through out the State                                                                                                  |
|      3 | Sri SriSriModakondamma Thalli Jathara              | State level                    | 3 days festival                                                   | Paderu Agency Area                                                                                                     |
|      4 | Korra Kotha                                        | District                       | 1 day festival                                                    | Paderu Agency Area                                                                                                     |
|      5 | Sevalal Festival                                   | District level                 | 1 day festival (Before or next day of Ugadhi)                     | Ananthapur                                                                                                             |
|      6 | Posammagandi (Posamma Jathara)                     | District level                 | 1 day festival                                                    | Rampachodavaram                                                                                                        |
|      7 | Goramanda, Y Ramavaram Mandal (Maha Sivarathri)    | District level                 | 3 Days festival (starting from mahasivarathri)                    | Rampachodavaram                                                                                                        |
|      8 | Gandi Bapanamma Jathara                            | District level                 | 3 Days festival                                                   | Rampachodvaram agency pilgrims, people from Various places of East Godavari district will participate in the festival. |
|      9 | Sambara Polamamba Jathara                          | District level                 | 3 days festival (in month of January)                             | Sambara Village of Makkuva Mandal, VizianagaramDisrtict.                                                               |
|     10 | Relapondam festival                                | Conducting by tribals 6 states | 3 days festival (February 9 th , 10 th and 11 th every two years) | Chintoor, ITDA Area of East Godavari District                                                                          |
|     11 | MamidiPandaga                                      | Community Level                | 1 day (March /April)                                              | Seethampeta, ITDA                                                                                                      |
|     12 | Kandi Pandaga                                      | Community Level                | 1 day (December /January)                                         | Seethampeta, ITDA                                                                                                      |
|     13 | Deeyali Porob                                      | Community Level                | 1 day festival                                                    | Paderu, ITDA Agency Area                                                                                               |
|     14 | Puli Panduga                                       | Community Level                | 1 day festival                                                    | Kurupam, GL Puram, Jiyyammavaalsa, Gajapathinagaram, Gantyada, Garividi, Garububilli, Vizianagaram District            |
|     15 | PalenkaVeerabhadraSwamyThirunala, Palanka, Y.Palem | Community Level                | 1 day festival                                                    | Srisailam, ITDA                                                                                                        |
|     16 | GubbalaMangammaJatara                              | Community Level                | 1 day festival                                                    | K.R.Puram, West Godavari District                                                                                      |
|     17 | MutyalammaPanduga                                  | Community Level                | 1 day festival                                                    | K.R.Puram, West Godavari District                                                                                      |

## Details  of  the  various  festivals  of  different  tribes  in  Meghalaya  along  with  the  days  of  the celebration

1.  Behdien Khlam; Month of July
2.  Shad Suk Mynsiem; Month of April
3.  Seng Kut Snem; 23 rd of November
4.  Shad Nongkrem (Ka Shad Pom blang Hima Khyrim)
5.  Wangala Festival, Asanang; Month of November

## Details of various festivals of different tribes in Mizoram

|   Sl. No. | Sub-tribe   | Name of Festival                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | No. of days of celebration                                               |
|-----------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|         1 | Lusei       | i) Chapchar Kut - celebrated in the spring while slashed forests are drying up for burning                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | 2 days                                                                   |
|         1 | Lusei       | ii) Pawl Kut - celebrated when harvest is completed iii) Mim Kut - observed as farewell to the dead towards the end of corn harvesting (no longer practised)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 5 days                                                                   |
|         2 | Hmar        | i) Sikpui Ruoi (Winter festival)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |                                                                          |
|         2 | Hmar        | ii) Khuonglawm (Spring festival) (abandoned)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |                                                                          |
|         3 | Mara        | Lyuva Khutla - usually held during the spring when heavy engagement in jhum had not been started yet as the slashed forest are being dried for burning.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |                                                                          |
|         4 | Lai         | i) Tho Kut - celebrated at the beginning of autumn (no longer celebrated)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |                                                                          |
|         4 | Lai         | ii) Hlukhla - celebrated at the beginning of spring                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |                                                                          |
|         5 | Bru         | i) Boisu - celebrated to please their gods for the blessing of one year for agriculturual products, their health and peaceful life in the society and held every year towards the end of March. No                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | fixed period of celebration but depends on the enthusiasm of the people. |
|         5 | Bru         | ii) Hodaigiri - celebrated for the overall development and upliftment of the rich cultural heritage of the Bru community.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | 2 days                                                                   |
|         6 | Chakma      | i) Buddha Purnima - observed with religious ceremonies ii) Alphaloni - celebrated at the end of harvest, everyone takes a break from work and enjoy the day with eating and sharing the newly harvests                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |                                                                          |
|         6 | Chakma      | iii) Biju - most popular festival celebrated as new year. Even the non- Chakma used to join and enjoy the Biju festival                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | 3 days                                                                   |
|         7 | Paite       | Paite used to celebrate a number of festivals such as Khawdou (Khuado), Daihal or Daihawh, Sial Sawm, Tianlet, Ngel Zu and Sawm Zu . Most of them, except Khuado were given up at the advent of Christianity. Today, Khuado used to be celebrated at the initiative of Zomi Cultural Society or Zomi Inkuan Society, Aizawl.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |                                                                          |
|         8 | Thadou      | Thadou celebrated a number of festivals such as Chang Kut (paddy festival, celebrated after harvest of paddy), Mim Kut (Maize festival, celebrate in the summer/monsoon after the harvest of maize), Chapphou Kut (festival celebrated while drying the slash forest for jhum), Chavang Kut (festival celebrated in the autumn), and Ahkhangtha (festival celebrated after planting of crops). Besides these festivals, there are a number of celebrations of success and merry making event. Most of the festivals and celebrations are abandoned at the advent of Christianity but Chavang Kut is still celebrated every year. |                                                                          |