Lok Sabha Question No. 117 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-02-02
Subject: Mines Production
Ministry: MINES
Asked by: Manne Srinivas Reddy

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF MINES

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 117 ANSWERED ON 02.02.2022

## MINES PRODUCTION

117.  SHRI MANNE SRINIVAS REDDY:

Will the Minister of MINES be pleased to state:

- (a)  Whether  India's  mines  production  has  improved  as  compared  to  earlier  years among other countries; and
- (b)if so, the  details and present status thereof and the further effective action taken in this regard?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF MINES, COAL AND PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS (SHRI PRALHAD JOSHI)

(a) & (b): As per the returns submitted under Mineral Conservation and Development Rules  (MCDR)  2017,  the  production  of  few  minerals  viz.  Garnet,  Kyanite,  Lead  & Zinc ore, Lead Concentrate, Marl, Phosphorite, Rock salt, Siliceous earth, Silver, Tin Concentrate  and  Zinc  Concentrate  has  improved  during  the  year  2020-21  as compared  to  the  previous  year.  The  mineral  wise  production  of  minerals  under MCDR 2017 during 2018-19 to 2020-21 is at Annexure-I .

India  is  among  the  top  producers  in  the  world  of  key  minerals  like  bauxite, chromite,  iron  ore  and  manganese  ore.  The  production  of  these  minerals  in  the respective top ten countries during the period 2015-2019, as given in World Mineral Production 2015-2019 of British Geological Survey, along with growth, contribution to world  total  (2019)  and  rank  (in  2019)  is  at Annexure-II .  The  compound  annual growth rate (CAGR) during 2015-2019 of iron ore production in India was the second highest  among  the  top  ten  producers.  The  CAGR  of  both  chromium  ore  & concentrates and manganese ore in India were higher than the global CAGR.

The  Government  has  taken  several  policy  reform  measures  to  enhance production and increase the availability of minerals. The measures, inter-alia , include early  auction  and  operationalization  of  expired  mines;  ease  of  doing  business; seamless transfer of all valid rights and approvals; incentivizing for starting of mining operation and dispatch; transfer of mining leases; allowing captive mines to sell up to 50% of the minerals produced; enhancing exploration activities, etc.

****

## Annexure-I

Annexure-I  referred  to  in  reply  to  LS  USQ  No.  117  answered  on  02.02.2022 regarding 'MINES PRODUCTION'

Production of minerals under MCDR, 2017 during 2018-19 to 2020-21

| Mineral            | Unit   | 2018-19     | 2019-20(P)   | 2020-21(P)   |
|--------------------|--------|-------------|--------------|--------------|
| Bauxite            | t      | 2,36,89,619 | 2,18,23,793  | 2,03,68,665  |
| Chromite           | t      | 39,70,691   | 39,29,260    | 28,63,869    |
| Copper Concentrate | t      | 1,43,668    | 1,24,692     | 1,08,719     |
| Copper Ore         | t      | 41,34,702   | 39,52,418    | 33,77,850    |
| Diamond            | crt    | 38,437      | 28,816       | 13,917       |
| Fluorite (Graded)  | t      | 1,079       | 1,315        | 1,052        |
| Garnet             | t      | 1,23,404    | 552          | 9,307        |
| Gold Ore           | t      | 5,65,653    | 5,91,251     | 4,50,611     |
| Gold Primary       | kg     | 1,664       | 1,724        | 1,126        |
| Graphite           | t      | 39,030      | 31,991       | 30,168       |
| Iolite             | kg     | 73          | 90           | 16           |
| Iron Ore           | tht    | 2,06,495    | 2,46,081     | 2,04,482     |
| Kyanite            | t      | 4,889       | 3,497        | 4,925        |
| Lead & Zinc Ore    | t      | 1,37,52,295 | 1,44,79,032  | 1,54,55,343  |
| Lead Concentrate   | t      | 3,58,369    | 3,51,271     | 3,76,924     |
| Limeshell          | t      | 7,534       | 4,600        | -            |
| Limestone          | tht    | 3,79,975    | 3,59,331     | 3,49,170     |
| Magnesite          | t      | 1,46,875    | 97,684       | 78,144       |
| Manganese Ore      | t      | 28,32,314   | 29,04,372    | 26,88,038    |
| Marl               | t      | 18,90,308   | 21,09,422    | 22,02,331    |
| Moulding Sand      | t      | 14,805      | 12,805       | 11,737       |
| Phosphorite        | t      | 14,21,086   | 14,00,186    | 14,55,627    |
| Rock Salt          | t      | 17          | 130          | 486          |
| Selenite           | t      | 2,906       | 2,290        | 202          |
| Siliceous Earth    | t      | 80,237      | 13,900       | 18,429       |
| Sillimanite        | t      | 69,919      | 13,236       | 11,110       |
| Silver             | kg     | 6,79,386    | 6,09,340     | 7,05,795     |
| Sulphur            | t      | 8,90,400    | 9,00,942     | 7,37,337     |
| Tin Concentrate    | kg     | 21,212      | 15,546       | 16,865       |
| Vermiculite        | t      | 2,992       | 2,774        | 1,260        |
| Wollastonite       | t      | 1,84,063    | 1,24,757     | 1,03,902     |
| Zinc Concentrate   | t      | 14,56,804   | 14,46,823    | 15,13,996    |

Source: MCDR Returns, Indian Bureau of Mines

(P): Provisional; (t): tonne; (tht): thousand tonne; (crt): carat; (kg): kilogram

## Annexure-II

Annexure-II  referred  to  in  reply  to  LS  USQ  No.  117  answered  on  02.02.2022 regarding 'MINES PRODUCTION'

Production of bauxite, iron ore, chromium ore & concentrate and manganese ore in the respective top ten countries during the period 2015-2019 along with growth, contribution to world total (2019) and rank (in 2019)

|    | Production of Bauxite (Million Tonne)   |   Production of Bauxite (Million Tonne) |   Production of Bauxite (Million Tonne) |   Production of Bauxite (Million Tonne) |   Production of Bauxite (Million Tonne) |   Production of Bauxite (Million Tonne) | Production of Bauxite (Million Tonne)   | Production of Bauxite (Million Tonne)   | Production of Bauxite (Million Tonne)   |
|----|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|
| #  | Country                                 |                                 2015    |                                 2016    |                                 2017    |                                 2018    |                                 2019    | CAGR (%) 2015-2019                      | Contribution 2019 (%)                   | Rank 2019                               |
| 1  | Australia                               |                                   80.91 |                                   83.52 |                                   89.42 |                                   95.95 |                                  105.54 | 6.87                                    | 30.41                                   | 1                                       |
| 2  | Brazil                                  |                                   37.06 |                                   39.24 |                                   39.24 |                                   38.12 |                                   31.94 | -3.65                                   | 9.20                                    | 4                                       |
| 3  | China                                   |                                   60.79 |                                   66.16 |                                   69    |                                   70.75 |                                   62    | 0.49                                    | 17.86                                   | 3                                       |
| 4  | Guinea                                  |                                   20.91 |                                   32.42 |                                    0.57 |                                   59.57 |                                   70.17 | 35.36                                   | 20.22                                   | 2                                       |
| 5  | India                                   |                                   28.12 |                                   24.75 |                                   22.79 |                                   23.69 |                                   21.82 | -6.14                                   | 6.29                                    | 5                                       |
| 6  | Indonesia                               |                                    0.61 |                                    1.49 |                                    4.2  |                                   13.24 |                                   16.59 | 128.28                                  | 4.78                                    | 6                                       |
| 7  | Jamaica                                 |                                    9.63 |                                    8.54 |                                    8.24 |                                   10.06 |                                    9.02 | -1.61                                   | 2.60                                    | 7                                       |
| 8  | Kazakhstan                              |                                    4.68 |                                    4.8  |                                    4.85 |                                    5.74 |                                    3.81 | -5.01                                   | 1.10                                    | 10                                      |
| 9  | Russia                                  |                                    5.4  |                                    5.43 |                                    5.52 |                                    5.65 |                                    5.57 | 0.81                                    | 1.61                                    | 8                                       |
| 10 | Saudi Arabia                            |                                    3.02 |                                    4.77 |                                    4.12 |                                    4.32 |                                    4.78 | 12.15                                   | 1.38                                    | 9                                       |
|    | World                                   |                                  293.5  |                                   28.93 |                                  316.2  |                                  343    |                                  347.1  | 4.28                                    | -                                       | -                                       |

|    | Production of Iron Ore (Million Tonne)   | Production of Iron Ore (Million Tonne)   | Production of Iron Ore (Million Tonne)   | Production of Iron Ore (Million Tonne)   | Production of Iron Ore (Million Tonne)   | Production of Iron Ore (Million Tonne)   | Production of Iron Ore (Million Tonne)   | Production of Iron Ore (Million Tonne)   | Production of Iron Ore (Million Tonne)   |
|----|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|
| #  | Country                                  | 2015                                     | 2016                                     | 2017                                     | 2018                                     | 2019                                     | CAGR (%) 2015-2019                       | Contribution 2019 (%)                    | Rank 2019                                |
| 1  | Australia                                | 809.88                                   | 858.03                                   | 885.36                                   | 907.82                                   | 918.73                                   | 3.20                                     | 30.22                                    | 1                                        |
| 2  | Brazil                                   | 430.84                                   | 424.20                                   | 453.70                                   | 450.39                                   | 396.84                                   | -2.03                                    | 13.05                                    | 3                                        |
| 3  | China                                    | 1381.29                                  | 1280.891229.37                           |                                          | 763.37                                   | 844.36                                   | -11.58                                   | 27.77                                    | 2                                        |
| 4  | Canada                                   | 46.67                                    | 49.00                                    | 51.84                                    | 52.36                                    | 59.01                                    | 6.04                                     | 1.94                                     | 9                                        |
| 5  | India                                    | 158.11                                   | 194.58                                   | 201.43                                   | 206.50                                   | 246.08                                   | 11.69                                    | 8.09                                     | 4                                        |
| 6  | Iran                                     | 58.49                                    | 65.00                                    | 75.84                                    | 93.37                                    | 93.37                                    | 12.40                                    | 3.07                                     | 6                                        |
| 7  | Russia                                   | 101.00                                   | 101.00                                   | 95.00                                    | 96.10                                    | 97.50                                    | -0.88                                    | 3.21                                     | 5                                        |
| 8  | South Africa                             | 73.22                                    | 66.46                                    | 74.64                                    | 74.26                                    | 72.43                                    | -0.27                                    | 2.38                                     | 7                                        |
| 9  | Ukraine                                  | 66.90                                    | 62.88                                    | 60.57                                    | 60.55                                    | 63.20                                    | -1.41                                    | 2.08                                     | 8                                        |
| 10 | USA                                      | 46.10                                    | 41.80                                    | 47.90                                    | 49.50                                    | 46.80                                    | 0.38                                     | 1.54                                     | 10                                       |
|    | World                                    | 3359.00 3319.003360.002945.003040.00     | 3359.00 3319.003360.002945.003040.00     | 3359.00 3319.003360.002945.003040.00     | 3359.00 3319.003360.002945.003040.00     | 3359.00 3319.003360.002945.003040.00     | -2.46                                    | -                                        | -                                        |

|    | Production of chromium ores and concentrates (Million Tonne)   |   Production of chromium ores and concentrates (Million Tonne) |   Production of chromium ores and concentrates (Million Tonne) |   Production of chromium ores and concentrates (Million Tonne) |   Production of chromium ores and concentrates (Million Tonne) |   Production of chromium ores and concentrates (Million Tonne) | Production of chromium ores and concentrates (Million Tonne)   | Production of chromium ores and concentrates (Million Tonne)   | Production of chromium ores and concentrates (Million Tonne)   |
|----|----------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|
| #  | Country                                                        |                                                        2015    |                                                        2016    |                                                        2017    |                                                        2018    |                                                        2019    | CAGR (%) 2015-2019                                             | Contribution 2019 (%)                                          | Rank 2019                                                      |
| 1  | Albania                                                        |                                                           0.64 |                                                           0.73 |                                                           0.81 |                                                           1.14 |                                                           1.2  | 17.02                                                          | 3.11                                                           | 6                                                              |
| 2  | Brazil                                                         |                                                           0.53 |                                                           0.5  |                                                           0.54 |                                                           0.57 |                                                           0.51 | -0.76                                                          | 1.32                                                           | 10                                                             |
| 3  | Finland                                                        |                                                           0.95 |                                                           1.07 |                                                           0.97 |                                                           1.1  |                                                           1.18 | 5.76                                                           | 3.07                                                           | 7                                                              |
| 4  | India                                                          |                                                           2.92 |                                                           3.73 |                                                           3.48 |                                                           3.97 |                                                           3.93 | 7.74                                                           | 10.18                                                          | 3                                                              |
| 5  | Kazakhstan                                                     |                                                           5.38 |                                                           5.54 |                                                           6.31 |                                                           6.89 |                                                           7.02 | 6.86                                                           | 18.18                                                          | 2                                                              |
| 6  | Oman                                                           |                                                           0.44 |                                                           0.45 |                                                           0.63 |                                                           0.88 |                                                           0.61 | 8.25                                                           | 1.57                                                           | 9                                                              |
| 7  | Russia                                                         |                                                           0.5  |                                                           0.49 |                                                           0.43 |                                                           0.47 |                                                           0.7  | 8.54                                                           | 1.81                                                           | 8                                                              |
| 8  | South Africa                                                   |                                                          15.68 |                                                          14.71 |                                                          16.59 |                                                          17.83 |                                                          17.66 | 3.02                                                           | 45.76                                                          | 1                                                              |
| 9  | Turkey                                                         |                                                           2.52 |                                                           2.02 |                                                           2.55 |                                                           2.9  |                                                           3.36 | 7.54                                                           | 8.71                                                           | 4                                                              |
| 10 | Zimbabwe                                                       |                                                           0.21 |                                                           0.11 |                                                           0.69 |                                                           0.89 |                                                           1.55 | 65.16                                                          | 4.02                                                           | 5                                                              |
|    | World                                                          |                                                          30.5  |                                                          30.1  |                                                          33.9  |                                                          37.5  |                                                          38.6  | 6.06                                                           | -                                                              | -                                                              |

|    | Production of Manganese ore (Million Tonne)   |   Production of Manganese ore (Million Tonne) |   Production of Manganese ore (Million Tonne) |   Production of Manganese ore (Million Tonne) |   Production of Manganese ore (Million Tonne) |   Production of Manganese ore (Million Tonne) | Production of Manganese ore (Million Tonne)   | Production of Manganese ore (Million Tonne)   | Production of Manganese ore (Million Tonne)   |
|----|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|
| #  | Country                                       |                                       2015    |                                       2016    |                                       2017    |                                       2018    |                                       2019    | CAGR (%) 2015-2019                            | Contribution 2019 (%)                         | Rank 2019                                     |
| 1  | Australia                                     |                                          6.28 |                                          5.33 |                                          6.17 |                                          7.21 |                                          6.65 | 1.43                                          | 11.75                                         | 3                                             |
| 2  | Brazil                                        |                                          2.82 |                                          2.88 |                                          3.27 |                                          3.2  |                                          3.2  | 3.24                                          | 5.65                                          | 6                                             |
| 3  | China                                         |                                         13.01 |                                         15.48 |                                         11.33 |                                          7.98 |                                          6.5  | -15.93                                        | 11.48                                         | 4                                             |
| 4  | Gabon                                         |                                          4.18 |                                          3.42 |                                          5.08 |                                          6.54 |                                          7.19 | 14.48                                         | 12.70                                         | 2                                             |
| 5  | Ghana                                         |                                          1.56 |                                          2.02 |                                          3    |                                          4.55 |                                          5.38 | 36.23                                         | 9.51                                          | 5                                             |
| 6  | India                                         |                                          2.17 |                                          2.4  |                                          2.6  |                                          2.83 |                                          2.9  | 7.60                                          | 5.13                                          | 7                                             |
| 7  | Ivory Coast                                   |                                          0.29 |                                          0.2  |                                          0.47 |                                          0.79 |                                          1.2  | 42.03                                         | 2.12                                          | 9                                             |
| 8  | Malaysia                                      |                                          0.48 |                                          0.7  |                                          1.23 |                                          1.26 |                                          1.13 | 23.84                                         | 2.00                                          | 10                                            |
| 9  | South Africa                                  |                                         15.98 |                                         13.74 |                                         14.14 |                                         14.92 |                                         17.01 | 1.57                                          | 30.05                                         | 1                                             |
| 10 | Ukraine                                       |                                          1.48 |                                          1.33 |                                          1.76 |                                          1.85 |                                          1.85 | 5.85                                          | 3.28                                          | 8                                             |
|    | World                                         |                                         51.6  |                                         50.8  |                                         52.3  |                                         54.6  |                                         56.6  | 2.34                                          | -                                             | -                                             |

Source: World Mineral Production (WMP) 2015-2019 of British Geological Survey Note: Production figures of India pertain to respective financial years i.e. 2015-16 for 2015, 2016-17 for 2016 and so on. For 2019, up-dated figure of FY 2019-20 from MCDR returns of Indian Bureau of Mines used.