Lok Sabha Question No. 3451 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2022-03-24
Subject: Water Pollution
Ministry: JAL SHAKTI
Asked by: Rahul Ramesh Shewale, Girish Bhalchandra Bapat, Chandra Sekhar Sahu, Pritam Gopinath Munde

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF JAL SHAKTI,

## DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT & GANGA REJUVENATION

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3451

ANSWERED ON 24.03.2022

## WATER POLLUTION

## 3451.  SHRI RAHUL RAMESH SHEWALE SHRI CHANDRA SEKHAR SAHU

SHRI GIRISH BHALCHANDRA BAPAT DR. PRITAM GOPINATHRAO MUNDE

Will the Minister of JAL SHAKTI be pleased to state:

- (a) the names of the States where increased level of water pollution has been recorded in terms of the amount of industrial waste discharged into the rivers/water bodies;
- (b) the effective steps taken to monitor the industrial waste discharged into the water bodies/rivers;
- (c)  whether  any  stringent  action  has  been  taken  by  the  Government  against  the  agencies,  industries, organisations found responsible for polluting the water bodies; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof and the number of parties held accountable for water pollution during the last three years and the current year so far, State-wise?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR JAL SHAKTI (SHRI BISHWESWAR TUDU)

(a) to (d)  Rivers in the country are polluted due to discharge of untreated and partially treated sewage from cities/towns and industrial  effluents  in  their  respective  catchments,  problems  in  operation  and  maintenance  of  sewage/effluent  treatment plants, lack of dilution and other non-point sources of pollution. Rapid urbanization and industrialization have compounded the problem. As per the last report published by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in September 2018, 351 polluted stretches were identified on 323 rivers based on monitoring results in terms of Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), an indicator of organic pollution. State-wise details of polluted river stretches are given at Annexure-I.

As  per  the  Provisions  of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution), Act 1974,  industrial  units  are  required  to  install  effluent  treatment  plants  (ETPs)  and  treat  their  effluents  to  comply  with stipulated  environmental  standards  before  discharging  into  river  and  water  bodies.  Accordingly, CPCB,  State  Pollution Control  Boards  (SPCBs)  and Pollution  Control  Committees  (PCCs)  monitor  industries  with  respect  to  effluent  discharge standards and take action for non-compliance under provisions of these Acts.

According to CPCB, there are 2839 Grossly Polluting Industries (GPIs) in the country which are discharging their effluents in various water bodies. Out of total 2839 industries, 2186 industries are operational and 653 industries are selfclosed. The number of complying and non-complying units are 2055 and 131 respectively. Action taken against the noncomplying units includes issue of show-cause notices to 55 units, issue of closure directions to 56 units and filing of legal cases  against  2  units.  State/Union  Territory  (UT)  wise  compliance  status  of  GPI  units  in  the  country  is  attached  as

## Annexure-II.

Steps  taken  by  the  Government  to  stop  discharge  of  industrial  effluents  into  rivers,  inter-alia,  include  issuance  of notification of specific discharge standards, revision of the criteria for categorization of industries and issuing directions to all   SPCBs/PCCs to adopt the same, issuance of consent to establish/consent to operate by the SPCBs/PCCs, regular and surprise  inspections  of  GPIs  for  compliance  verification  against  stipulated  environmental  norms,  installation  of  Online Continuous Effluent Monitoring System (OCEMS) for assessment of effluent quality and compliance status. In addition, the industries are encouraged to reduce their waste water generation by technological advancement, reuse/recycle of wastewater and maintain Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) where ever possible.

Besides,  in  compliance  of  the  orders  of  National  Green  Tribunal  (NGT)  in  Original  Application  No.673/2018 regarding  rejuvenation  of  polluted  river  stretches  in  the  country,  States/UTs  are  required  to  implement  approved  action plans,  including  those  for  industrial  pollution  control,  for  restoration  of  the  polluted  stretches  in  their  jurisdiction  as identified by CPCB and published in their report of 2018, within the stipulated timelines. As per the orders of NGT, regular review on implementation of action plans is undertaken in the States/UTs and also at Central level.

*****

## ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (a) TO (d) OF LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3451 TO BE ANSWERED ON 24.03.2022 REGARDING 'WATER POLLUTION'

| S.No.         | Name of State/UTs                 | Name Of Polluted River Stretches                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |   Number |
|---------------|-----------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------|
| 1             | Andhra Pradesh                    | Kundu, Tungabhadra, Godavari, Krishna, Nagavali                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |        5 |
| 2             | Assam                             | Bharalu, Borsola, Deepar Bill, Digboi, Kamalpur, PanchnaiBrahamputra, Kharsang, Pagldia, Barak, Baroi Bega, Beki, Bhogdoi, Boginadi, Borbeel, BordoibamBeelmukh, Burhidihing, Dhansiri, Dikhow, Dikrong, Diplai, Disang, Gabharu, Holudunga, Jai Bharali, Jhanji, Kalong, Kapili, Killing, Kohora, Kulsi, Malini, Mora Bharali, Parashali, Puthimari, Ranga, Samaguri, Sankosh, Silsako, Sorusola, Son, Sonai, TengaPukhuri                    |       44 |
| 3             | Bihar                             | Sirsia, Farmar, Ganga, Poonpun, Ram Rekha, Sikrahna                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |        6 |
| 4             | Chhattisgarh                      | Hasdeo, Kharoon, Mahanadi, Seonath, Kelo                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |        5 |
| 5             | Daman, Diu and Dadra Nagar Haveli | Damanganga                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |        1 |
| 6             | Delhi                             | Yamuna,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |        1 |
| 7             | Goa                               | Sal, Mandovi, Talpona, Assonora, Bicholim, Chapora, Khandepar, Sinquerim, Tiracol, Valvant, Zuari                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |       11 |
| 8             | Gujarat                           | Amlakhadi, Bhadar, Bhogavo, Khari, Sabarmati, Vishwamitri, Dhadar, Triveni, Amravati (Tributary Of Narmada), Damanganga, Kolak, Mahi, Shedhi, Tapi, Anas, BalehwarKhadi, Kim, Meshwa, Mindhola, Narmada                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |       20 |
| 9             | Haryana                           | Ghaggar, Yamuna                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |        2 |
| 10            | Himachal Pradesh                  | Sukhana, Markanda, Sirsa, Ashwani, Beas, Giri, Pabbar                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |        7 |
| 11            | Jammu &Kashmir                    | Devika, Banganga, ChuntKol, Gawkadal, Tawi, Basanter, Chenab, Jhelam, Sindh                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |        9 |
| 12            | Jharkhand                         | Garga, Sankh, Subarnarekha, Damodar, Jumar, Konar, Nalkari                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |        7 |
| 13            | Karnataka                         | Arkavathi, Lakshmantirtha, Malprbha, Tungabhadra, Bhadra, Cauvery, Kabini, Kagina, Kali, Krishna, Shimsha, AsangiNalla, Bhima, Kumardhara, Netravathi, Tunga, Yagachi                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |       17 |
| 14            | Kerala                            | Karamana, Bharathapuzha, Kadambayar, Keecheri, Manimala, Pamba, Bhavani, Chitrapuzha, Kadalundy, Kallai, Karuvannur, Kavvai, Kuppam, Kuttiyady, Mogral, Periyar, Peruvamba, Puzhackal, Ramapuram, Thirur, Uppala                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |       21 |
| 15            | Madhya Pradesh                    | Chambal, Khan, Kshipra, Betwa, Sone, Gohad, Kolar, Tapi, Bichia, Chamla, Choupan, Kalisot, Kanhan, Katni, Kunda, Malei, Mandakini (Mp), Newaj, Parvati, Simrar, Tons, Wainganga                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |       22 |
| 16            | Maharashtra                       | Godavari, Kalu, Kundalika, Mithi, Morna, Mula, Mutha, Nira, Vel, Bhima, Indrayani, Mula-Mutha, Pawana, Wainganga, Wardha, Ghod, Kanhan, Kolar (Mah), Krishna, Mor, Patalganga, Pedhi, Penganga, Purna, Tapi, Urmodi, Venna, Waghur, Wena, Bindusar, Bori, Chandrabhaga, Darna, Girna, Hiwara, Koyna, Pehlar, Sina, Titur, Amba, Bhatsa, Gomai, Kan, Manjeera, Panchganga, Panzara, Rangavali, Savitri, Surya, Tansa, Ulhas, Vaitarna, Vashisti |       53 |
| 17            | Manipur                           | Nambul, Imphal, Iril, Khuga, Khujairok, Lokchao, Manipur, Thoubal, Wangjing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |        9 |
| 18            | Meghalaya                         | Umkhrah, Umshyrpi, Kyrhukhla, Nonbah, Umtrew, Lukha, Myntdu                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |        7 |
| 19            | Mizoram                           | Tiau, Tlawng, Tuipui, Tuivawl, Chite, Mat, Saikah, Tuikual, Tuirial                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |        9 |
| 20            | Nagaland                          | Dhansiri, Dzuna, Chathe, Dzu, Dzucha, Sano                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |        6 |
| 21            | Odisha                            | Gangua, GuradihNallah, Kathajodi, Nandirajhor, Daya, Kuakhai, BanguruNallah, Bheden, Brahamani, Budhabalnaga, Kusumi, Mahanadi, Mangala, Nagavalli, Nuna, Ratnachira, Rushikulya, Sabulia, Serua                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |       19 |
| 22            | Puducherry                        | Arasalar, Chunnambar                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |        2 |
| 23            | Punjab                            | Ghaggar, Satluj, Kali Bein, Beas                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |        4 |
| 24            | Rajasthan                         | Banas, Chambal,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |        2 |
| 25            | Sikkim                            | ManeyKhola, Rangit, Ranichu, Teesta                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |        4 |
| 26            | Tamil Nadu                        | Cauvery, Sarabanga, ThirumanimUthar, Vasista, Bhavani, Tambirapani                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |        6 |
| 27            | Telangana                         | Musi, Manjeera, Nakkavagu, Karakavagu, Maner, Godavari, Kinnersani, Krishna                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |        8 |
| 28            | Tripura                           | Burigaon, Gumti, Haora, Juri, Khowai, Manu                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |        6 |
| 29            | Uttar Pradesh                     | Hindon, Kalinadi, Varuna, Yamuna, Gomti, Ganga, Ramganga, Betwa, Ghaghara, Rapti, Sai, Saryu                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |       12 |
| 30            | Uttarakhand                       | Bhela, Dhela, Suswa, Kichha, Kalyani, Ganga, Kosi, Nandour, Pilkhar                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |        9 |
| 31            | West Bengal                       | Vindhadhari, Mahananda, Churni, Dwarka, Ganga, Damodar, Jalangi, Kansi, Mathabhanga, Barakar, Dwarakeshwar, Kaljani, Karola, Mayurkashi, Rupnarayan, Silabati, Teesta                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |       17 |
| Grand Total : | Grand Total :                     | Grand Total :                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |      351 |

## ANNEXURE-II

## ANNEXURE  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PARTS  (a)  TO  (d)  OF  LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3451 TO BE ANSWERED ON 24.03.2022 REGARDING 'WATER POLLUTION'

| SPCB/PCC                           | Total no. of industries   | No. of ind ustries clo sed by the ir own   | No. of indust ries operatio nal   | No. of indust ries complyin g with enviro nmental stan   | No. of industrie s non-complyin g with environ mental standar   | No. of industries against which actio n is taken for non-complying with en vironmental standards   | No. of industries against which actio n is taken for non-complying with en vironmental standards   | No. of industries against which actio n is taken for non-complying with en vironmental standards   | No. of industries against which actio n is taken for non-complying with en vironmental standards   |
|------------------------------------|---------------------------|--------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|                                    |                           |                                            |                                   | dards                                                    | ds                                                              | Show c ause no tice issu ed                                                                        | Closure dir ections issu ed                                                                        | Legal c ases fil ed                                                                                | Action u nder pro cess                                                                             |
| Andaman &Ni cobar                  | 2                         | 0                                          | 2                                 | 1                                                        | 1                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 1                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Andhra Prades h                    | 66                        | 11                                         | 55                                | 50                                                       | 5                                                               | 2                                                                                                  | 1                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 2                                                                                                  |
| Arunachal Prad esh                 | 97                        | 8                                          | 89                                | 63                                                       | 26                                                              | 3                                                                                                  | 23                                                                                                 | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Assam                              | 0                         | 0                                          | 0                                 | 0                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Bihar                              | 84                        | 34                                         | 50                                | 50                                                       | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Chandigarh                         | 0                         | 0                                          | 0                                 | 0                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Chhattisgarh                       | 2                         | 0                                          | 2                                 | 1                                                        | 1                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 1                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Daman &Diu and Dadra&N agar Haveli | 0                         | 0                                          | 0                                 | 0                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Delhi                              | 3                         | 0                                          | 3                                 | 3                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Goa                                | 0                         | 0                                          | 0                                 | 0                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Gujarat                            | 25                        | 1                                          | 24                                | 20                                                       | 4                                                               | 3                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 1                                                                                                  |
| Haryana                            | 627                       | 27                                         | 600                               | 594                                                      | 6                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 6                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Himachal Prad esh                  | 0                         | 0                                          | 0                                 | 0                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Jammu &Kash mir                    | 69                        | 0                                          | 69                                | 66                                                       | 3                                                               | 3                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Jharkhand                          | 45                        | 6                                          | 39                                | 5                                                        | 34                                                              | 14                                                                                                 | 10                                                                                                 | 2                                                                                                  | 8                                                                                                  |
| Karnataka                          | 4                         | 0                                          | 4                                 | 4                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Kerala                             | 29                        | 1                                          | 28                                | 27                                                       | 1                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 1                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Lakshadweep                        | 0                         | 0                                          | 0                                 | 0                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Madhya Prades h                    | 2                         | 0                                          | 2                                 | 2                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Maharashtra                        | 4                         | 1                                          | 3                                 | 3                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Manipur                            | 0                         | 0                                          | 0                                 | 0                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Meghalaya                          | 2                         | 0                                          | 2                                 | 2                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Mizoram                            | 0                         | 0                                          | 0                                 | 0                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Nagaland                           | 0                         | 0                                          | 0                                 | 0                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Odisha                             | 6                         | 0                                          | 6                                 | 6                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Puducherry                         | 3                         | 0                                          | 3                                 | 3                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Punjab                             | 5                         | 0                                          | 5                                 | 4                                                        | 1                                                               | 1                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Rajasthan                          | 1                         | 0                                          | 1                                 | 1                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Sikkim                             | 0                         | 0                                          | 0                                 | 0                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Tamil Nadu                         | 0                         | 0                                          | 0                                 | 0                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Telangana                          | 3                         | 1                                          | 2                                 | 2                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Tripura                            | 0                         | 0                                          | 0                                 | 0                                                        | 0                                                               | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| Uttar Pradesh                      | 1648                      | 560                                        | 1088                              | 1047                                                     | 41                                                              | 22                                                                                                 | 13                                                                                                 | 0                                                                                                  | 6                                                                                                  |
| Uttarakhand                        | 64                        | 0                                          | 64                                | 60                                                       | 4                                                               | 4                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  |
| West Bengal                        | 48                        | 3                                          | 45                                | 41                                                       | 4                                                               | 3                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 0                                                                                                  | 1                                                                                                  |
| Total                              | 2839                      | 653                                        | 2186                              | 2055                                                     | 131                                                             | 55                                                                                                 | 56                                                                                                 | 2                                                                                                  | 18                                                                                                 |

*****