Lok Sabha Question No. 1152 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-06-28
Subject: Animal-Human Conflicts
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Anto  Antony

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1152

TO BE ANSWERED ON 28.06.2019

## Animal-Human Conflicts

## 1152. SHRI ANTO ANTONY:

Will  the  Minister  of ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND  CLIMATE  CHANGE be  pleased  to state:

- (a) whether the Government has any statistics regarding number of animal-human conflicts reported in the country;
- (b) if so, the details thereof indicating the number of people who lost their lives during the last five years, year and State wise;
- (c) the major steps taken by the Government to avoid such incidents;
- (d) whether the Government has given any compensation to the victims of animal-human conflicts; and
- (e) if so, the details of such assistance provided by the Government during the last five years, year and State-wise?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER  OF  STATE    IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI BABUL SUPRIYO)

- (a) & (b) The management of forest and wildlife is the responsibility of concerned State Governments  and  incidence  of  animal-human  conflicts  are  reported  in  various parts of the country from time to time. However, the details of people lost their lives by elephant and tiger are given at Annexure-I&II and deaths due to other wild animals are not collated by the Ministry.
- (c) The  major  steps  taken  by  the  Government  to  avoid  such  incidents  are  as follows:
- i. A scheme to Augment Fodder &  Water in Protected Areas/Forest Areas for augmenting the availability of forage and water for wild herbivores in Protected Areas (PAs)/Forests where poor habitat is known as the cause of significant human-wildlife conflict has been initiated by the Ministry.
- ii. Ministry through its Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) namely 'Project Tiger', 'Project Elephant' and 'Integrated  Development  of Wildlife Habitats (IDWH)' provides funds to States and UTs for carrying various activities  for  habitat  improvement  works  namely  restoration  of  natural water bodies, creation of artificial ponds, waterholes, augmenting food/fodder sources at various places within Protected Areas to minimize the human animal conflict.
- iii. A  network  of  Protected  Areas  namely  viz.,  National  Park,  Sanctuaries, Conservation  Reserves  and  Community  Reserves  covering  important wildlife habitat have been created all over the country under the provisions of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 to conserve wild animals and their habitats.
- iv. Construction/erecting of physical barriers, such as barbed wire fence, solar powered  electric  fence,  bio-fencing  using  cactus,  boundary  wall  etc.  to prevent the entry of wild animals into crop field.
- v. The Ministry has approved a project for undertaking 'Immunocontraceptive measures' for population management of wild animals.
- vi. The Ministry has issued guidelines in context of human-wildlife conflict to the Chief Wildlife Wardens of all the State Governments/Union Territory Administrations dated 24 th December, 2014 and 1 st June, 2015.
- vii. The National Tiger Conservation Authority has issued the following two Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to minimize conflict with humans:-
-  SOP  to  deal  with  'emergency  arising  due  to  straying  of  tigers  in human dominated landscapes'.
-  SOP to deal with 'tiger depredation on livestock'.
- viii. To mitigate wildlife conflict along the linear infrastructures like rail tracks, roads/highways and power transmission lines passing through the Protected  Areas  and  other  wildlife  rich  areas,  Standing  Committee  of National Board for Wildlife has recommended that all linear infrastructure development Agencies, shall submit wild animals passage plan based on the  WII Guideline 'Eco-Friendly Measures to Mitigate Impacts of linear infrastructure  on  Wildlife'.  These  guideline  suggest  for  modification  in the designs of the linear infrastructures by way of providing eco-friendly structure which will ensure safe movement of wildlife across these linear infrastructures.
- ix. Periodic  awareness  campaigns  to  sensitize  guide  and  advise  the  general public  on  man-animal  conflict,  including  dissemination  of  information through various forms of media.
- (d) & (e) The Ministry provides financial assistance to State/Union Territory Governments under the Centrally Sponsored Schemes of 'Integrated Development  of  Wildlife  Habitats',  'Project  Tiger'  and 'Project  Elephant'  for management  of wildlife and its habitats. This assistance also includes compensation  for  depredation  by  wild  animals  including  cattle  lifting,  crop damage, loss of life and property. The details of financial assistance released to the  State/UT  under  these  schemes  during  last  five  years  are  given  in  the Annexure -III, IV and V .

Annexure-I

HUMAN DEATHS CAUSED BY ELEPHANTS DURING LAST FIVE YEARS

| S. No.   | Zones   | State             |   2014-15 |   2015-16 | 2016-17   | 2017-18   | 2018-19 (Upto 31.03.2019)   |
|----------|---------|-------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------------------------|
| 1        | SZ      | Andhra Pradesh    |         2 |         0 | 2         | 6         | 7                           |
| 2        | NE      | Arunachal Pradesh |         1 |         1 | NR        | NR        | 0                           |
| 3        | NE      | Assam             |        54 |        31 | 91        | 72        | 86                          |
| 4        | ER      | Chhattisgarh      |        32 |        53 | 74        | 74        | 56                          |
| 5        | ER      | Jharkhand         |        53 |        66 | 59        | 84        | 87                          |
| 6        | SZ      | Karnataka         |        53 |        47 | 49        | 22        | NR                          |
| 7        | SZ      | Kerala            |        20 |         6 | 33        | 15        | 27                          |
| 8        | SZ      | Maharashtra       |         3 |         1 | 0         | 0         | 56                          |
| 9        | NE      | Meghalaya         |         5 |         6 | 5         | 7         | 3                           |
| 10       | NE      | Nagaland          |         1 |         1 | 1         | 0         | 1                           |
| 11       | ER      | Odisha            |        65 |        89 | 66        | 105       | 72                          |
| 12       | SZ      | Tamil Nadu        |        31 |        49 | 43        | 49        | 47                          |
| 13       | NE      | Tripura           |         1 |         0 | 2         | 0         | 0                           |
| 14       | NZ      | Uttar Pradesh     |         1 |         0 | 3         | 1         | 0                           |
| 15       | NZ      | Uttarakhand       |         7 |         7 | 4         | NR        | NR                          |
| 16       | NE      | West Bengal       |        89 |       112 | 84        | 66        | 52                          |
| Total    |         |                   |       418 |       469 | 516       | 501       | 494                         |

## Annexure -II

## THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE LOST THEIR LIVES BY TIGER-HUMAN CONFLICT DURING THE LAST 5 YEARS

| S. No.          | State             |   2014 |   2015 |   2016 |   2017 |   2018 |
|-----------------|-------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
| 1               | Andhra Pradesh    |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |
| 2               | Arunachal Pradesh |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |
| 3               | Assam             |      1 |      0 |      1 |      1 |      1 |
| 4               | Bihar             |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |
| 5               | Chhattisgarh      |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |
| 6               | Jharkhand         |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |
| 7               | Karnataka         |      1 |      2 |      0 |      0 |      1 |
| 8               | Kerala            |      0 |      3 |      0 |      0 |      0 |
| 9               | Madhya Pradesh    |     12 |      8 |     10 |      5 |      2 |
| 10              | Maharashtra       |     13 |      7 |     19 |      7 |      0 |
| 11              | Mizoram           |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |
| 12              | Odisha            |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |      2 |
| 13              | Rajasthan         |      0 |      1 |      0 |      0 |      2 |
| 14              | Tamil Nadu        |      3 |      1 |      1 |      0 |      0 |
| 15              | Telangana         |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |
| 16              | Uttar Pradesh     |      2 |      1 |     15 |     19 |      5 |
| 17              | Uttarakhand       |      3 |      1 |      2 |      0 |      1 |
| 18              | West Bengal       |     12 |     18 |     14 |     12 |     15 |
| Year wise total | Year wise total   |     47 |     42 |     62 |     44 |     29 |

## Annexure-III

## ASSISTANCE PROVIDED FOR COMPENSATION FOR DEATH IN CONFLICT EVENTS, AS INFORMED BY STATE GOVERNMENT UNDER THE SCHEME OF PROJECT TIGER

(Rs. in lakhs)

| S. No.   | State             |   2014 |   2015 |   2016 |   2017 |   2018 |
|----------|-------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
| 1        | Andhra Pradesh    |      0 |   0    |      0 |    0   |   0    |
| 2        | Arunachal Pradesh |      0 |   0    |      0 |    0   |   0    |
| 3        | Assam             |      3 |   0    |      4 |    0   |   0    |
| 4        | Bihar             |      0 |   0    |      0 |    0   |   0    |
| 5        | Chhattisgarh      |      0 |   0    |      0 |    0   |   0    |
| 6        | Jharkhand         |      0 |   0    |      0 |    0   |   0    |
| 7        | Karnataka         |      5 |  10    |      0 |    0   |  15    |
| 8        | Kerala            |      0 |  16    |      0 |    0   |   0    |
| 9        | Madhya Pradesh    |     12 |  13.45 |     27 |   20   |  12.08 |
| 10       | Maharashtra       |     60 |  45    |    128 |    3.2 |   0    |
| 11       | Mizoram           |      0 |   0    |      0 |    0   |   0    |
| 12       | Odisha            |      0 |   0    |      0 |    0   |   0.8  |
| 13       | Rajasthan         |      0 |   2    |      0 |    0   |   8    |
| 14       | Tamil Nadu        |      9 |   3    |      3 |    0   |   0    |
| 15       | Telangana         |      0 |   0    |      0 |    0   |   0    |
| 16       | Uttar Pradesh     |     15 |   0    |     60 |   50   |  14    |
| 17       | Uttarakhand       |      9 |   3    |      6 |    0   |   3    |
| 18       | West Bengal       |      0 |  10    |     10 |    7.5 |   2.5  |
|          | Total             |    113 | 102.45 |    238 |   80.7 |  55.38 |

## Annexure-IV

## STATE WISE FUND RELEASED UNDER CENTRAL SPONSORED  SCHEME (CSS) OF PROJECT ELEPHANT

(Amount Rs. in Lakh)

| Sl. No   | State/UTs      | 2016-17    | 2017-18    | 2018-19   | 2019-20   |
|----------|----------------|------------|------------|-----------|-----------|
| 1        | Andhra Pradesh | 13.62282   | 17.394     | 29.016    |           |
| 2        | Arunachal Pr.  | 100.062    | 118.8504   | -         |           |
| 3        | Assam          | 275.6668   | -          | 354.35103 |           |
| 4        | Chhattisgarh   | 61.1624    | 48.00      | 65.28     |           |
| 5        | Jharkhand      | 95.7704    | 105.5184   | 116.4636  | 131.586   |
| 6        | Karnataka      | 254.80     | 355.5484   | 353.91401 |           |
| 7        | Kerala         | 429.8712   | 482.55     | 466.69    |           |
| 8        | Maharashtra    | 14.335     | 27.00      | 46.536    |           |
| 9        | Meghalaya      | 130.266    | 162.849    | 217.8792  | 37.44     |
| 10       | Nagaland       | 20.3143    | 25.20      | 141.219   | 213.9498  |
| 11       | Odisha         | 284.0342   | 124.8382   | 197.28    |           |
| 12       | Tamil Nadu     | 25.80      | 291.92     | 383.106   |           |
| 13       | Tripura        | 22.464     | 10.08      | 43.92     |           |
| 14       | Uttar Pradesh  | 14.174     | 30.672     | 20.244    | 37.74     |
| 15       | Uttarakhand    | 175.4576   | 341.563    | 192.168   | 150.12    |
| 16       | West Bengal    | 101.45     | 79.93022   | 83.94     |           |
| 17       | Haryana        | -          | 17.76      | 8.385     | 13.44     |
| 18       | Bihar          | 16.2904    | 154.40     | 165.32376 | 57.02752  |
| 19       | Rajasthan      | 15.84      | 14.454     | 12.6596   | 35.28     |
| 20       | Punjab         | 1.825      | -          | -         |           |
| 21       | Madhya Pradesh | 6.8442     | -          | 4.7578    |           |
| 22       | Manipur        | -          | 10.80      | 9.072     |           |
|          | Total          | 2060.05032 | 2419.32762 | 2912.205  | 676.58332 |

## Annexure-V

## DETAILS OF FUNDS RELEASED TO STATE/ UT GOVERNMENTS UNDER CSS'DEVELOPMENT OF WILDLIFE HABITATS' DURING LAST FIVE YEARS

## Rs. in lakhs)

| S. No.   | Name of States/UTs   |   2014-15 |   2015-16 |   2016-17 |    2017-18 |   2018-19 |
|----------|----------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|------------|-----------|
| 1        | A&NIslands           |     0     |  100      |  118.49   |   141.935  |    191    |
| 2        | Andhra Pradesh       |    63.31  |    0      |    0      |     0      |     75    |
| 3        | Arunachal Pradesh    |     0     |  304.02   |  256.811  |   269.935  |    344.42 |
| 4        | Assam                |   149.11  |   87.1    |    0      |   275.827  |    265.32 |
| 5        | Bihar                |    85.249 |  108.011  |  100.576  |   322.674  |    749    |
| 6        | Chandigarh           |     0     |    0      |   26.0651 |    26.0651 |      0    |
| 7        | Chhattisgarh         |   482.087 |  213.409  |  278.945  |   435.015  |    350.61 |
| 8        | Goa                  |     0     |    0      |    0      |    85.9938 |      0    |
| 9        | Gujarat              |   634.94  |  395.798  |  497.604  |   558.52   |   2232    |
| 10       | Haryana              |    14.71  |   99.33   |  124.657  |   181.445  |    155    |
| 11       | Himachal Pradesh     |   430.345 |  431.837  |  280.31   |   237.411  |    370.3  |
| 12       | Jammu & Kashmir      |   506.761 |  354      |  336.506  |   577.915  |    492.43 |
| 13       | Jharkhand            |   101.12  |   18.62   |    0      |    95.607  |     50.51 |
| 14       | Karnataka            |   483.777 |  262.13   |  325.52   |   427.89   |    653    |
| 15       | Kerala               |   818.491 |  967.386  | 1928.42   |   900.834  |   1293.4  |
| 16       | Madhya Pradesh       |   371.354 |  394.565  |  322.265  |  1379.49   |    912.2  |
| 17       | Maharashtra          |   402.723 |  277.94   |  497.35   |   808.056  |   1031.2  |
| 18       | Manipur              |   129.192 |  248.919  |  340.032  |   425.664  |    405.6  |
| 19       | Meghalaya            |    44.87  |   38.3902 |   55.23   |   114.061  |    312    |
| 20       | Mizoram              |   131.541 |   94.55   | 1234.95   |   487.445  |    430    |
| 21       | Nagaland             |    85.155 |  235.48   |  357.846  |   565.871  |    882.2  |
| 22       | Odisha               |   350.323 |  246.837  |  279.65   |   342.937  |    499    |
| 23       | Rajasthan            |   367.296 |  314.788  |  453.879  |   622.422  |    585    |
| 24       | Sikkim               |   169.156 |  290.326  |  145.52   |   202.154  |    394    |
| 25       | Tamil Nadu           |   280.626 |  113.261  |    0      |   394.725  |    384.1  |
| 26       | Telangana            |     0     |    0      |    0      |   157.083  |      0    |
| 27       | Uttar Pradesh        |   224.899 |  235.05   |  250.956  |   386.968  |    119.81 |
| 28       | Uttarakhand          |   141.116 |  188.318  |  545.306  |  2979.36   |   1764.1  |
| 29       | West Bengal          |   108.847 |  100.934  |  237.66   |   657.992  |    960.6  |
| 30       | Puducherry           |    12     |    0      |    0      |     0      |      0    |
| 31       | Lakshadweep          |     0     |    0      |    0      |     6.71   |     46.3  |
| 32       | Delhi                |     0     |    0      |    0      |     0      |    551.9  |
|          | TOTAL                |  6589     | 6121      | 8994.55   | 15000      |  16500    |

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