Lok Sabha Question No. 171 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-06-21
Subject: Neo-natal and Infant Mortality Rate
Ministry: HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
Asked by: Rajiv Pratap Rudy

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 171 TO BE ANSWERED ON 21 ST JUNE,2019

## NEO - NATAL AND INFANT MOR TALITY RATE

## 171. SHRI RAJIV PRATAP RUDY:

Will the Minister of HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether India's Neo -Natal and Infant Mortality rate is one of the highest in the world;
- (b) if so, the details thereof, State/ UT - wise and the reasons therefor;
- (c) whether paucity of oxygen, unethical doctors, unhygienic hospitals, corrupt management are some of the major reasons causing the deaths of infants; and
- (d)  if  so,  the  measures  taken  by  the Government  to  address  these  issues  and the  financial assistance being extended to minimize these mortality rates?

## ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE (SHRI ASHWINI KUMAR CHOUBEY)

(a )& (b ) : No, As  per  Sample  Registration  System  (SRS) , report  of  Registrar  General  of India, the Neo - natal Mortality Rate (NMR) for India is 24 per 1000 live births in 2016 and the Infant Mortality Rate ( I MR) for India is 33 per 1000 live births in 2017 .State - wise NMR and IMR are placed at Annexure 1 and 2 .

- (c) & (d): No, The major causes of Infant mortality in India as per the SRS reports (2010 -13) are Prematurity & low birth weight (35.9%), Pneumonia (16.9%), Birth asphyxia & birt trauma  (9.9%),  Other  non - communicable  diseases  (7.9%),  Diarrhoeal  diseases  (6.7%),  Ill -defined  or  cause  unknown  (4.6%),  Congeni tal  anomalies  (4.6%),  Acute  bacterial  sepsis  and severe infections (4.2%), Injuries (2.1%), Fever of unknown origin (1.7%), All Other Rema Causes (5.4%).

The v arious programmes and schemes under National Health Mission (NHM) thatare implemented by S tates/ UTs to reduce NMR and IMR are as under:

India Newborn Action Plan (INAP) launched in 2014 , aims to  make  concerted  efforts towards  attainment  of  the  goals  of  'Single  Digit  Neonatal  Mortality  Rate'  and  'Single  Digit Stillbirth Rate', by 2030.

Promotion  of  Institutional  deliveries  through  cash  incentive  under  Janani  Sura Yojana  (JSY),  entitlements  under  Janani  Shishu  Suraksha  Karyakaram  (JSSK),  LaQshaya initiative for all government facilities to ensure respectful quality maternity care an ensuring essential  newborn  care  at  all  delivery  points,  establishment  of  Special  Newborn  Care (SNCU), Newborn Stabilization Units (NBSU) and Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) units for care of sick and small babies, Home Based Newborn Care (HBNC) and Home Based Care of Young Child provided  by  ASHAs  to  improve  child  rearing  practices,  Mother's Absolute  Affection programme (MAA) to promote early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding for first six mo -appropriate  Infant  and  Young  Child  Feeding  (IYCF)  practi ces,Intensified  Diarrhoea  Control Fortnight to prevent Diarrhoea, Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) to provide vaccination to children against life threatening diseases.'Mission Indradhanush and Intensified Mission  Indradhanush' have  been  implemented to  fully  immunize children  who  are  either unvaccinated or partially vaccinated.

Besides  this, government is  also  implementing  Rashtriya  Bal  Swasthya  Karyakram (RBSK) which provides newborn andchild health screening and early interventions services fo birth defects, diseases, deficiencies and developmental delays to improve the quality of survival.

Capacity building of health care providers is supported to build and upgrade the skills of health  care  providers  in  basic  and comprehensive  obstetric  care  o f  mother  during pregnancy, delivery and essential new - born care , and also care of sick and small newborns.

The details of financial assistance under Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) flexi - pool for the financial year 2017 - 18 and 2018 - 19 is placed at Ann exure 3.

## State - wise Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) in India, SRS 2016

| States           |   NMR ( 2016) |
|------------------|---------------|
| India            |            24 |
| Andhra Pradesh   |            23 |
| Assam            |            23 |
| Bihar            |            27 |
| Chhattisgarh     |            26 |
| Delhi            |            12 |
| Gujarat          |            21 |
| Haryana          |            22 |
| Himachal Pradesh |            16 |
| Jammu & Kashmir  |            18 |
| Jharkhand        |            21 |
| Karnataka        |            18 |
| Kerala           |             6 |
| Madhya Pradesh   |            32 |
| Maharashtra      |            13 |
| Orissa           |            32 |
| Punjab           |            13 |
| Rajasthan        |            28 |
| Tamil Nadu       |            12 |
| Telangana        |            21 |
| Uttar Pradesh    |            30 |
| Uttarakhand      |            30 |
| West Bengal      |            17 |

## State - wiseInfantMortality Rate (NMR) in India, SRS 201 7

| States/UTs           |   IMR (2017) |
|----------------------|--------------|
| India                |           33 |
| Andaman & Nicobar    |           14 |
| Andhra Pradesh       |           32 |
| Arunachal Pradesh    |           42 |
| Assam                |           44 |
| Bihar                |           35 |
| Chandigarh           |           14 |
| Chhattisgarh         |           38 |
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli |           13 |
| Daman & Diu          |           17 |
| Delhi                |           16 |
| Goa                  |            9 |
| Gujarat              |           30 |
| Haryana              |           30 |
| Himachal Pradesh     |           22 |
| Jammu & Kashmir      |           23 |
| Jharkhand            |           29 |
| Karnataka            |           25 |
| Kerala               |           10 |
| Lakshadweep          |           20 |
| Madhya Pradesh       |           47 |
| Maharashtra          |           19 |
| Manipur              |           12 |
| Meghalaya            |           39 |
| Mizoram              |           15 |
| Nagaland             |            7 |
| Odisha               |           41 |
| Puducherry           |           11 |
| Punjab               |           21 |
| Rajasthan            |           38 |
| Sikkim               |           12 |
| Tamil Nadu           |           16 |
| Telangana            |           29 |
| Tripura              |           29 |
| Uttar Pradesh        |           41 |
| Uttarakhand          |           32 |
| West Bengal          |           24 |

| Detail of SPIP Approvals under RCH Flexible Pool for FY 2017 - 18 and 2018 - 19   | Detail of SPIP Approvals under RCH Flexible Pool for FY 2017 - 18 and 2018 - 19   | Detail of SPIP Approvals under RCH Flexible Pool for FY 2017 - 18 and 2018 - 19   | Detail of SPIP Approvals under RCH Flexible Pool for FY 2017 - 18 and 2018 - 19   |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| S. No.                                                                            | Name of the State/UTs                                                             | 2017- 18                                                                          | 2018- 19                                                                          |
| 1                                                                                 | Bihar                                                                             | 90947.97                                                                          | 99580.20                                                                          |
| 2                                                                                 | Chhattisgarh                                                                      | 23076.46                                                                          | 26163.25                                                                          |
| 3                                                                                 | Himachal Pradesh                                                                  | 6439.62                                                                           | 6780.28                                                                           |
| 4                                                                                 | Jammu & Kashmir                                                                   | 10973.92                                                                          | 13492.99                                                                          |
| 5                                                                                 | Jharkhand                                                                         | 27621.51                                                                          | 30218.22                                                                          |
| 6                                                                                 | Madhya Pradesh                                                                    | 69200.46                                                                          | 78446.97                                                                          |
| 7                                                                                 | Orissa                                                                            | 31748.92                                                                          | 34883.61                                                                          |
| 8                                                                                 | Rajasthan                                                                         | 59669.96                                                                          | 68885.14                                                                          |
| 9                                                                                 | Uttar Pradesh                                                                     | 118505.46                                                                         | 132556.22                                                                         |
| 10                                                                                | Uttarakhand                                                                       | 8085.23                                                                           | 8309.61                                                                           |
| 11                                                                                | Arunachal Pradesh                                                                 | 3144.00                                                                           | 4273.65                                                                           |
| 12                                                                                | Assam                                                                             | 28580.44                                                                          | 34010.69                                                                          |
| 13                                                                                | Manipur                                                                           | 3723.44                                                                           | 3787.44                                                                           |
| 14                                                                                | Meghalaya                                                                         | 4241.26                                                                           | 5066.10                                                                           |
| 15                                                                                | Mizoram                                                                           | 2772.80                                                                           | 2526.78                                                                           |
| 16                                                                                | Nagaland                                                                          | 2540.23                                                                           | 3090.01                                                                           |
| 17                                                                                | Sikkim                                                                            | 814.05                                                                            | 1143.83                                                                           |
| 18                                                                                | Tripura                                                                           | 3613.41                                                                           | 4270.44                                                                           |
| 19                                                                                | Andhra Pradesh                                                                    | 15537.53                                                                          | 17388.46                                                                          |
| 20                                                                                | Goa                                                                               | 442.12                                                                            | 1035.83                                                                           |
| 21                                                                                | Gujarat                                                                           | 35067.13                                                                          | 42572.50                                                                          |
| 22                                                                                | Haryana                                                                           | 8559.33                                                                           | 10386.70                                                                          |
| 23                                                                                | Karnataka                                                                         | 27456.59                                                                          | 30559.69                                                                          |
| 24                                                                                | Kerala                                                                            | 9741.14                                                                           | 12223.60                                                                          |
| 25                                                                                | Maharashtra                                                                       | 39460.38                                                                          | 44256.56                                                                          |
| 26                                                                                | Punjab                                                                            | 8295.66                                                                           | 10403.20                                                                          |
| 27                                                                                | Tamil Nadu                                                                        | 22843.44                                                                          | 25854.08                                                                          |
| 28                                                                                | Telangana                                                                         | 13690.45                                                                          | 19037.28                                                                          |
| 29                                                                                | West Bengal                                                                       | 37976.89                                                                          | 41512.43                                                                          |
| 30                                                                                | Andaman & Nicobar Islands                                                         | 396.67                                                                            | 521.26                                                                            |
| 31                                                                                | Chandigarh                                                                        | 210.77                                                                            | 211.14                                                                            |
| 32                                                                                | Dadra & Nagar Haveli                                                              | 427.78                                                                            | 497.69                                                                            |
| 33                                                                                | Daman & Diu                                                                       | 206.52                                                                            | 338.80                                                                            |
| 34                                                                                | Delhi                                                                             | 1624.96                                                                           | 3565.35                                                                           |
| 35                                                                                | Lakshadweep                                                                       | 129.67                                                                            | 117.64                                                                            |
| 36                                                                                | Puducherry                                                                        | 563.08                                                                            | 809.43                                                                            |