Lok Sabha Question No. 1805 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-07-27
Subject: Pollution in Rivers
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: PARBHUBHAI NAGARBHAI VASAVA, VISHNU DAYAL RAM, SANJAY(KAKA) RAMCHANDRA PATIL, Richard Hay, George Baker, PARASURAMAN K., ANIL SHIROLE, B.V. NAYAK, S.P. MUDDAHANUMEGOWDA

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1805

TO BE ANSWERED ON 27.07.2018

## Pollution in Rivers

1805.  SHRI PARBHUBHAI NAGARBHAI VASAVA:

SHRI VISHNU DAYAL RAM:

SHRI SANJAY KAKA PATIL:

PROF. RICHARD HAY:

SHRI GEORGE BAKER:

SHRI K. PARASURAMAN:

SHRI ANIL SHIROLE:

SHRI B.V. NAIK:

SHRI S.P. MUDDAHANUME GOWDA:

Will  the  Minister  of  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND  CLIMATE  CHANGE  be pleased to state:

(a) whether a large number of rivers in the country has been polluted and water of some rivers are becoming toxic at present and if so, the details of polluted rivers identified by the Government, river-wise;

(b) whether rivers are getting polluted on large scale due to flow of untreated sewage, industrial and hotel waste directly into rivers, streams and rivulets, if so, the  State/UT-wise  details  thereof  along  with  the  action  taken  against  such industries/factories;

(c) the details of schemes implemented/being implemented and projects being run by the Government to save these rivers from pollution, river-wise;

(d) whether  the  Government  has  appointed  any  monitoring  Committee  to identify the most polluted rivers other than the river Ganga and if so, the details thereof; and

(e) the  details  of  steps  taken  by  the  Government  for  cleaning  polluted  rivers along with funds sanctioned, allocated and utilized during the last three years and the current year, State/UT-wise?

## ANSWER

MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND CLIMATE CHANGE (DR. MAHESH SHARMA)

(a) to (e) Pollution  load  in  rivers  has  increased  over  the  years  due  to  rapid urbanization and industrialization. Rivers in the country are mainly polluted due to discharge of untreated and  partially treated sewage  from  cities/towns  and industrial  effluents.  Non-point  sources  of  pollution  like  agricultural  runoff,  open defecation, runoff from solid waste dump sites, etc. also contribute to pollution of rivers.  The  Central  Pollution  Control  Board  (CPCB) in association with the State Pollution  Control  Boards  monitors  the  water  quality  of  rivers  across  the  country through  a  network  of  monitoring  stations  under  the  National  Water  Quality Monitoring Programme. As per the report published by CPCB in February 2015,

O.I.H.

302  polluted  river  stretches  have  been  identified  on  275  rivers  based  on  Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) levels, a key indicator of organic pollution.  The State-wise details of identified polluted river stretches are at Annexure-I.

It is the responsibility of the State Governments/ concerned local bodies to set up  facilities for collection, transportation and  treatment of sewage  for abatement of pollution of rivers. This Ministry has been supplementing the efforts of the State Governments in abatement of pollution in rivers under the scheme of National  River  Conservation  Plan  (NRCP)  on  a  cost  sharing  basis  between  the Central and State Governments.    NRCP {excluding Ganga  and  its tributaries, which are handled by Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation  (MoWR,RD&GR)  from  01/08/2014  onwards}  has  so  far  covered polluted stretches of 32 rivers  in 76 towns spread over 14 States in the country at a sanctioned cost of Rs. 4581.91 crore,  and Central share of Rs. 2258.72 crore has  been  released  to  the  State  Governments  for  implementation  of  various pollution  abatement  schemes.      Sewage  treatment  capacity  of  2472.43  mld (million  litres  per  day)    has    been  created  so  far  under  the  NRCP.      State-wise details  of  rivers  covered,  sanctioned  cost  of  projects,  funds  released  till  date  as well  as  during  the  last  three  years  and  current  financial  year  under  NRCP  are given at Annexure-II.

State  Governments,  apart  from  their  own  budgetary  allocation,  are  also accessing  financial  assistance  for  creation  of  sewerage  infrastructure,  including Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs), in various cities/towns under Atal Mission for Rejuvenation  and  Urban  Transformation  (AMRUT)  and  Smart  Cities  Mission  of Ministry  of  Housing  &  Urban  Affairs  as  well  as  Namami  Gange  programme  of MoWR,RD&GR.

To ensure proper treatment of municipal wastewater before discharge into the  rivers,  CPCB  has  issued  directions  under  Section  18  1(b)  of  the  Water (Prevention  and  Control  of  Pollution)  Act,  1974  in  April,  2015  to  all  the  State Pollution  Control  Boards  (SPCBs)/Pollution  Control  Committees  (PCCs)  in  the country  for  setting  up  of  STPs  in  their  respective  States.  CPCB  also  issued directions in October, 2015 to municipal authorities of 184 towns (66 metropolitan cities  and  State  capitals  +  towns  along  river  Ganga)  under  Section  5  of  the Environment  (Protection)  Act,  1986  to  ensure  proper  treatment  and  disposal  of sewage generated for abatement of pollution of rivers.

Further,  to  control  discharge  of  industrial  effluents,  CPCB  and  respective SPCBs/PCCs monitor industries with respect to effluent discharge standards and take  action  for  non-compliance  under  the  Water  (Prevention  and  Control  of Pollution) Act, 1974 and the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. To improve the monitoring  of  compliance,  directions  have  been  issued  by  CPCB  to  specific industries to install online 24x7 effluent monitoring devices. Steps have also been taken by CPCB to promote low waste concept in grossly water polluting industries, particularly those located on the river banks.

****

Annexure-I referred to in reply to parts (a) to (e) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 1805 to be answered on Friday, the 27 th July, 2018 on 'Pollution in Rivers'.

## State-Wise Polluted River Stretches

|   S.No. | State Name                        | Stretch Identified                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |   Number |
|---------|-----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------|
|       1 | Andhra Pradesh                    | Godavari, Hundri, Krishna, Tungabhadra, Pennar, Kundu                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |        6 |
|       2 | Assam                             | Mora Bharali, Barak, Beki, Bharalu, Bhogdoi, Boginadi, Brahamputra, Burhidihing, Deepar Bill, Dhansiri, Digboi, Disang, Jia Bharali, Jhanji , Kalong, Kapili, Kharsang, Kohora, Kundli, Kushiara, Manas, Pagldia, Panchnai, Ranga Nadi, Sankosh, Sonai,Subansiri, Kathakal |       28 |
|       3 | Bihar                             | Ganga, Harbora, Manusmar, Ram Rekha, Sirsia                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |        5 |
|       4 | Chhattisgarh                      | Hasdeo, Kelo, Kharoon, Mahanadi, Seonath                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |        5 |
|       5 | Daman, Diu and Dadra Nagar Haveli | Damanganga                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |        1 |
|       6 | Delhi                             | Yamuna                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |        1 |
|       7 | Goa                               | Mandovi, Assonora, Bicholim, Chapora, Khandepar, Mapusa, Sal, Valvant                                                                                                                                                                                                      |        8 |
|       8 | Gujarat                           | Mahi, Narmada, Ambika, Amlakhadi, Anas, Balehwar Khadi, Bhadar, Damanganga, Kaveri, Khari, Kim, Kolak, Panam, Bhogavo, Dhadar, Purna, Sabarmati, Shedhi, Tapi, Triveni,                                                                                                    |       20 |
|       9 | Haryana                           | Ghaggar, Yamuna                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |        2 |
|      10 | Himachal Pradesh                  | Beas, Tons, Sirsa, Swan, Sukhana, Suketi Khad, Binwa, Markanda                                                                                                                                                                                                             |        8 |
|      11 | Jammu & Kashmir                   | Banganga, Basanter, Chenab, Chunt Kol, Dewak, Gawkadal, Jhelam, Lidder, Tawi                                                                                                                                                                                               |        9 |
|      12 | Jharkhand                         | Bokaro, Koel, Damodar, Jumar, Karo, Sankh, Subarnarekha, Koel                                                                                                                                                                                                              |        8 |
|      13 | Karnataka                         | Arkavathi, Bhadra, Bhima, Cauvery, Ghatprabha, Kabini, Kagina, Kali, Krishna, Lakshmantirtha, Malaprabha, Manjira, Shimsha, Tungabhadra, Tungha                                                                                                                            |       15 |
|      14 | Kerala                            | Chitrapuzha, Kadambayar, Kallai, Karamana, Keecheri, Kuppam, Manimala, Neeleswaram, Periyar, Pullur, Puzhackal, Thirur, Uppala                                                                                                                                             |       13 |
|      15 | Madhya Pradesh                    | Banjar, Betwa, Bichia, Chambal, Chillar, Denwa, Gohad, Gour, Jammer, Kalisot, Khan, Kolar, Kshipra, Kunda, Malei, Narmada, Parvati, Shivna, Tapi, Tons, Wainganga                                                                                                          |       21 |
|      16 | Maharashtra                       | Wena, Wainganga, Godavari, Bhima, Krishna, Ulhas, Kundalika, Tapi, Girna, Panchganga, Nira, Bhatsa, Rangavali, Indrayani, Chandrabhaga, Vashisti, Mithi, Kanhan, Koyna, Amba, Amravati, Bindusara, Darna, Ghod, Gomai, Hiwara, Kan,                                        |       49 |

|         |               | Manjara, Mor, Morna, Mula, Mula- Mutha, Mutha, Panzara, Patalganga, Pawna, Pedhi, Pelhar, Penganga, Purna, Savitri, Sina, Surya, Urmodi, Vaitrana, Vel, Venna, Waghur, Wardha   |     |
|---------|---------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|
| 17      | Manipur       | Barak, Imphal, Iril, Khuga, Khujairok, Lokchao, Maha, Manipur, Nambul, Sekmai, Thoubal, Wangjing                                                                                |  12 |
| 18      | Meghalaya     | Bugi, Kynshi, Kyrhukhla, Lukha, Myntdu, Nonbah, Umkhrah, Umshyrpi, Umtrew, Wahblei                                                                                              |  10 |
| 19      | Nagaland      | Chathe, Dhansiri, Dzu                                                                                                                                                           |   3 |
| 20      | Odisha        | Baitrani, Brahamani, Budhabalnaga, Daya, Kathajodi, Koel, Kuakhai, Mahanadi, Nagavalli, Rushikulya, Serua, Vansadhara                                                           |  12 |
| 21      | Punjab        | Ghaggar, Satluj                                                                                                                                                                 |   2 |
| 22      | Rajasthan     | Banas, Chambal, Chappi, Ghaggar, Kali Sindh, Parvati, Jawai, Ujad                                                                                                               |   8 |
| 23      | Sikkim        | Dikchu, Maney Khola, Rangit, Ranichu, Teesta                                                                                                                                    |   5 |
| 24      | Tamil Nadu    | Bhavani, Cauvery, Palar, Sarabanga, Tambirapani, Thirumanimuthar, Vasista                                                                                                       |   7 |
| 25      | Telangana     | Godavari, Krishna, Manjeera, Musi, Nakkavagu, Sabari, Maner                                                                                                                     |   7 |
| 26      | Tripura       | Gumti, Haora                                                                                                                                                                    |   2 |
| 27      | Uttar Pradesh | Betwa, Ghaghara, Gomti, Hindon, Kalinadi, Ramganga, Rapti, Rihand, Sai, Saryu, Ganga, Yamuna, Kosi                                                                              |  13 |
| 28      | Uttarakhand   | Bhela, Dhela, Suswa, Ganga, Kosi                                                                                                                                                |   5 |
| 29      | West Bengal   | Barakar, Churni, Damodar, Dwarakeshwar, Dwarka, Ganga, Jalangi, Kaljani, Kansi, Karola, Mahananda, Mathabhanga, Mayurkashi, Rupnarayan, Silabati, Teesta, Vindhadhari           |  17 |
| Total : | Total :       |                                                                                                                                                                                 | 302 |

## Annexure-II

Annexure-II referred to in reply to parts (a) to (e) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No.1805 to be answered on Friday, the 27 th July, 2018 on 'Pollution in Rivers'

State-wise details of rivers covered, sanctioned cost of projects and funds released under NRCP.

(Rs. crore)

| S. No.   | State          | Rivers covered                                      |   Sanctioned cost |   Central funds released till date | Central funds released during the last three years and current year (till date)   |
|----------|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-------------------|------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1        | Andhra Pradesh | Godavari                                            |             21.78 |                             259.8  | -                                                                                 |
| 2        | Telangana      | Godavari & Musi                                     |            345.72 |                             259.8  | -                                                                                 |
| 3        | Jharkhand      | Subarnarekha                                        |              3.14 |                               4.26 | -                                                                                 |
| 4        | Gujarat        | Sabarmati & Mindola                                 |            808.53 |                             333.26 | 157.52                                                                            |
| 5        | Goa            | Mandovi, Sal                                        |             75.83 |                              12.26 | 3.00                                                                              |
| 6        | Karnataka      | Tunga, Bhadra, Tungabhadra, Cauvery & Pennar        |             66.25 |                              47.83 | -                                                                                 |
| 7        | Maharashtra    | Godavari, Tapi, Krishna, Panchganga & Mula Mutha.   |           1182.86 |                             208.94 | 57.74                                                                             |
| 8        | Madhya Pradesh | Wainganga, Narmada & Tapti.                         |             20.16 |                              12.46 | -                                                                                 |
| 9        | Odisha         | Brahmini, Mahanadi & Coastal area (Puri town)       |             92.74 |                              63.4  | 1.99                                                                              |
| 10       | Punjab         | Ghaggar, Beas & Satluj                              |            774.43 |                             516.16 | 67.61                                                                             |
| 11       | Tamil Nadu     | Adyar, Cooum, Vaigai, Vennar, Cauvery & Tamrabarani |            908.13 |                             623.65 | -                                                                                 |
| 12       | Kerala         | Pamba                                               |             18.45 |                               7.78 | 5.00                                                                              |
| 13       | Sikkim         | Rani Chu                                            |            181.09 |                             144.42 | 39.01                                                                             |
| 14       | Nagaland       | Diphu and Dhansiri                                  |             82.8  |                              24.5  | 20.00                                                                             |
| Total    | Total          |                                                     |           4581.91 |                            2258.72 | 351.87                                                                            |