Lok Sabha Question No. 1579 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-02-12
Subject: Social Justice Scenario
Ministry: SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT
Asked by: FAIZAL P.P. MOHAMMED

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1579 TO BE ANSWERED ON 12.02.2019

## SOCIAL JUSTICE SCENARIO

## 1579. MOHAMMED FAIZAL:

## Will the Minister of SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) the  funds allocated by the Ministry specifically for improving the dispensation of social justice in the country the last four years; during
- (b) the amount of funds utilised in this regard during the said period;
- (c) whether any review has been undertaken in the last two years by the Government to know the utility of its schemes, plans and programmes; and
- (d) if so, the details and outcome thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT (SHRI VIJAY SAMPLA)

(a) The schemes of the Ministry of Social Justice and  Empowerment are   aimed to improve the educational and economical status of the people  belonging to the target groups of the Ministry namely Scheduled Castes, Other Backward Classes, Senior Citizens Alcoholics and transgenders and Persons with Disabilities. The details of funds allocated and utilized under these schemes is given below:

(Rs. in crore

|    | Financial Year   |   Budget Estimate |   Expenditure |
|----|------------------|-------------------|---------------|
|    | 2014-15          |           6777.74 |       5718.85 |
| 2  | 2015-16          |           7090.22 |       6239.95 |
| 3  | 2016-17          |           7349.51 |       7288.75 |
| 4  |                  |           7763    |       7675.34 |

(c) & (d): The evaluation of the schemes is undertaken from time to time to ensure that the beneficiaries of the schemes the optimum benefits out of the scheme. The details of the evaluation studies sponsored by the Ministry in the last two years and the outcome thereof are given in Annexure. get

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## Annexure

Referred to in reply to parts & (d) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No.1579 for answer n 12-02-2019

Details of review and evaluation studies sponsored undertaken in respect of schemes of the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment to know the utilitylimpact of the scheme, during the last two years given in the table below:

| No.   | Name of Scheme                                                                                                                                               | Findings                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
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|       | Functioning of Old Homes/Day Care   Centres and Integrated Rehabilitation Centres   for Addicts (IRCAs) funded by DIO Social Justice & Empowerment. Age Drug | A. Integrated Rehabilitation Centres for Addicts (IRCAs): The study focuses on evaluating the main objectives of the scheme in 398 IRCA Centers across geographical  boundaries of India out of surveyed centers 25 centers were found closed or didn t exist and three centers in Punjab refused evaluation.  Concluding interviewing approximately 7700 beneficiaries. (ii) Nearly half of centers had 15 or more addicts admitted while others had less than 15 inmates. (iii) 52 Percent of centers are located in urban areas, 37.5 Percent centers are located in rural areas and 10.5 Percent in semi urban areas. (iv) Majority addicts fall under the age group of 31-40 years (36 Percent) and OBC category has the  highest   share   amongst the addicts (44 Percent). Alcohol (84 Percent) has the highest addictive consumption amongst the addicts followed by consumption of weed (1 8 Percent) (vi) On an average, 12.5-13 % patients relapse. Of those who relapse, peer and depression (25 Percent) are the main factors behind the relapse. Relapse (vii) More than 85 percent of Centers have referral services and the most common place of referral is the nearest district hospitals (75 Percent) . (viii) In case of emergency; half the surveyed Centers (50 Percent) had any kind of dedicated vehicle at the centre whereas 75 Percent of Centers have accessibility to all weather road, (ix) As high as 90 percent Centers provide meals for all three times to the patients whereas the quality has been graded by majority respondents between very to for these meals (92 Percent). Charging admission fees is not allowed in the guidelines provided by the  government 12.6 Percent of Centers across India have reported cases of charging admission fees. B Old Homes (OAHs): Approx: 40% of OAH did not have the provision of ambulance. (ii) More than 75 percent centers (78.4 percent) had basic medicine and equipments  Apart from this, a little more than 85 percent of centers reported that had provision for pathological test. (iii) The study shows that more than 80 percent of the centers had full time availability of manager; counselor, cook, security guard and helper: (iv)_Approx. 60_percent_centers_reported for_power_backup_availability at Drug good good Age they |

- 2 Self Employment Scheme for Rehabilitation of

the center.

- The area where the old age homes need significant improvement was found to be facility of library Or reading room as this was present only in 46.7 percent of centers.
- (vii) In  nearly 60 percent of the centers, 25 residents be residing:
- (vi)  Separate toilets for males and females were available in more than 90 percent centers:
- (viii) The study shows that nearly half of the respondents (45 percent) were in the age group of 60 69 years followed by 70 \_ 79 age group (43.3 percent from). Only 11.5 percent beneficiaries were in the age group 80 and above.
- (ix) Out of the total respondents, more than half are the females.
- (xi) More than half of the elders reported on staying more than 3 years in the center followed by 22 percent elders who were staying since last 1 to 3 years.
- (X) It has been observed that main reason of residing in old age home was no financial support for self maintenance (30.6 percent) followed by their adjustment problem with family (20.2 percent).
- (xii) All the centers provide food to the elders, out of which more than 90 percent elders reported that the meal as per their requirements. they get
- (xiv) According to the beneficiaries, a little more than half of the OAHs had the provision of visit of medical doctors while the residents of other half of OAH complained that  medical  assistance was given to them only in emergency.
- (xiii)Out of the total   centers, 96.2   percent centers confirmed that provide clothing to the beneficiaries they
- (xv) An overwhelming 90.7 percent elder reported for recreational facilities like   indoor  games,  visit or park,  getting newspaper and medicines etc.

## C Care Centres (DCCs): Day

- More than 90 percent DCC (90.4 percent) had the   provision of ambulance. More than 30 percent centers in Karnataka reported for non availability of ambulance.
- (ii) The study shows that majority of the respondents (52.9 percent) were in the age group of 60 69 years followed by 38.2 percent from 70 79 8.9 percent beneficiaries were in the age  group 80 and above.
- (iii) Main reason of residing in old age home was their choice of staying with peer group (37.5 percent) followed by no financial support for self maintenance (21.7 percent). Maximum numbers of elders  i.e. 59 percent were staying since last 1 to 2 years. 7 percent elders recently joined the care center (a month ago) Also, day

More than 3/4th of the elders were less than half n hour to reach care center whereas approx. 20 percent reported that take half n hour to one hour in commuting: taking day they

- Methodology and Sample Size:- The study has been conducted in 13 states containing 13368 identified manual  scavengers out of which 11451 have\_been\_provided one time OTCA-The\_study has selected

Manual (SRMS)

Scavengers

- 3 Effectiveness and Impact of activities of NISD in the field of Abuse Prevention & old age care\_ Drug

3816 identified manual   scavengers and  covered Female 2185) beneficiaries since 3 respondents were not traceable.

- (iii) Monthly Income:- The study reveals that the income of the manual scavengers has increased after leaving manual scavenging and adopting alternate occupations. A very high proportion of 65.3% of the manual scavengers were earning less than Rs: 3000/ per month when were engaged in manual  scavenging and only 23.1 percent of them were earning Rs. 3000/- to Rs. 5000/per month. Whereas after manual scavenging and adopting alternate occupations with the assistance   provided under SRMS, the   proportion of low income Rs. 3000/ has come down   drastically to 35.8 percent and the proportion of higher income between Rs. 3000/- to Rs 5000/has   significantly increased to 36.6 percent: Even in case of income range of Rs. 5000/ to Rs 10,000/ the corresponding proportion has shown significant improvement from 7.9% to 19.4%. This shows that the monthly income of identified manual scavengers has increased significantly after leaving their traditional occupation of manual scavenging and adopting alternative occupations. leaving
- (ii) Age-wise Clarification:- The data reveals that majority of respondents (45%) are in the age group of 31-45 years followed by 25% in 46-60, 23% in 15-30 and 7% in the age group of more than 60 years  Assam (49%) and Rajasthan (41%) recorded highest number of respondents from the age group of 15-30 years In Odisha (54%) respondents are from age of 31-45 years.
- (iv) Utilization of OTCA As per the study, 12.6% of the respondents have utilized the amount in establishing small enterprises while 15.8% for domestic consumption, 6.8%/ (marriage expenses), 20.3%/ (construction/repairing of house) whereas 8.7%/ and 18.1% have utilized OTCA for debt repayment and medical treatment respectively.

Self Employment after Skill Training:- Out of 2151 respondants who have undergone skill training; only 15.2 percent are self employed in Stiching tailoring, Beauty parlour; Vegetable vendoring, Shops, Security guard, Plumbing, Auto-rickshaw driving, sanitary tank operator etc. across all 13 states. Karnataka has recorded highest number of manual scavengers (52) who were self employed after skill training followed by West Bengal (17), Bihar (5) , Uttar Pradesh (3), Punjab (2) and Tamil Nadu (1).

- Sampling Design: In all 160 beneficiaries from NISD 2400 beneficiaries from RRTCs (Drug Abuse Prevention) & (Old Age Care) and 40 representatives from RRTCs NISD have been covered in the study.
- (ii) Old Care: Age
- (a) Popular Training Programme:As  per  the  study  majority of trainees (54.9%) appeared in three   months course for   bedside assistance for geriatric care followed five training programme on geriatric care (31.1%), six months certificate course on geriatric care by the RRTC (11%) and one year PG Diploma course by NISD (3%) by day
- (b) Participants: - Majority of beneficiaries i.e. 46.0% in old age care programmes were from rural area, 44.6% from urban area while 9.4% were from semi-urban area.
- beneficiaries who   attended  old age care\_programmes
- 65.7%/ were females whereas 34.3% were males.
- (d) Social Categories of Beneficiaries: The study reveals that majority of beneficiaries   (56.2%/) were   from General   category followed by OBCs (22.3%), SCs (15.5%), Minorities (3.4%) and STs (2.6%)
- (e were Post Graduate and above, 52.4%/ Graduate or Equivalent, 26.9%/ 12th Passed while only 6.9% possessed educational qualifications upto Standard. 10th
- 8 Awareness about Training Programmes: Majority of trainees i.e. 36.9% came to know from friends family, 19.7% from NGO, 8.6% through sources\_
- Economic Status of Beneficiaries: As per the study 31.4%/ beneficiaries belonged to BPL category and 54.9% APL category.
- (h) Opinion of Beneficiaries to improve Training Programmes: Majority (36.9%) of the beneficiaries   opinioned to  Increase  the duration of programmes followed by programme content quality related issues (19.7%/), placement related (18.9%), infrastructure (16.3%) , improving the industry (4.8%) and miscellaneous matter (3.4%/). linkage

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## (iii)   Prevention of & Substance Abuse:Drug

- (a) Opinion of Beneficiaries to improve Training Programmes:Majority (34.0%) of the beneficiaries  opinioned to   Increase  the duration of programmes followed by programme content quality related issues (24.1%) , miscellaneous like diploma (13.2%/) , placement  related (11.8%) infrastructure (10.6%/) and  improving the industry linkage (6.3%)-
- Opinion of Trainees on the benefits after Training: The & Substance use prevention   related  training  programmes by NISD appear to have benefitted the participants by enhancing skills knowledge (58%), enhanced social consciousness (30.3%) and also improved employability (11..7%) . Drug
- (6) Opinion of Trainees on Training Programmes:- As per the study 53.3% participant found the quality of training as excellent; 2.7% as while 43.4% found the quality of training as average. Only 0.6% termed it as of poor quality. good
- (d) Number of Training   Programmes:As per NISD   schedule, RRTCs have to arrange minimum 141 trainings on Prevention of and substance abuse but RRTCs have organized 147 programmes. drug
- (e) Number of Trainees:- As per NISD, the RRTCs were required to provide training to 4975 persons but have provided training to 8920 persons. they

## (iv) Findings on NISD & RRTCs:-

## (a)Payment made by the Beneficiaries for Training: -

- As per NISD the beneficiaries are not required to make any payment for attending any training but as per the study 62.5% beneficiaries stated that have made payment between Rs.501 to 1000/Rs. 100 1 to 2000/and they upto
- Outcome Based Evaluation of' Babu Jagjivan Ram Chhattravas Yojana and Construction of' Hostels for OBC and Girls. Boys
- respectively in Abuse Prevention. In case of Old Care all the beneficiaries opined that have made the payment between Rs.2001 to 3000/- to pursue the training: Drug Age they
- b) Payment made by the Beneficiaries for Registration:-
- In case of RRTCs 70.0% participants have made the payment between Rs.3001 to 4000/-15.0% Rs.1001 to 2000/- while 5.0% and 10.0%/ made the payment of Rs.501 to 1000/- and upto Rs.500/- respectively.
- In case of NISD only 4.5% beneficiaries stated that have made payment for registration for the training in Abuse Prevention. However; aS per NISD no such registration fee is required to be they Drug paid.
- In case of RRTCs 3.9% and 11.1 % beneficiaries stated that have made payment for registration for the training in Abuse Prevention and Old Care respectively. they Drug Age
- The organization has given six success stories of beneficiaries. The study reveals that out of 117 trainees, 38 persons employment after successful completion of training in Geriatric and Old Care . got Age

## A Babu Jagjivan Ram Chhatrawas Yojna for SCs:

- Among the 30 sampled hostels selected for the study, only 28 were found   operational with 1492 inmates. One hostel in Punjab and another in Tripura were found to be non-functional. All the 28 operational hostels were found to be located in the address provided by the Ministry:
- (iii) Out of total inmates majority (59% inmates) were in the age group of upto 15 years
- (ii) 50% hostels are for and 50 % are for girls. boys
- (iv) 58% inmates belonged to Scheduled castes.
- 63% belongs to BPL category with  average annual   income of Rs. 23,152/-
- (vi) Average rooms per hostel was 19 as against 20 sanctioned
- (viii)46% hostels have provision for reservation of disabled children
- (vii) Average occupancy per room was 8 as per the sanctioned norms
- (ix) Availability of facilities like toilets, bathrooms, water facility in toilets and bathrooms kitchen, room; warden room; electricity connection lights, recreational facilities   regular cleanliness, drinking water are available and functional in almost all the hostels with some degree of variations. dining
- Due to availability of free boarding and lodging facility, outs have started   reducing   especially for SC poor families drop boys

## B Construction of Hostels for OBC and Girls: Boys

- Among the 200 sampled hostels selected for the study, only 175 were found operational with 7729 inmates.
- (iii) Out of total inmates majority (47%/ inmates) were in the age group of up t0 1 5 years
- (ii) 66% hostels are for and 34 % are for girls. boys
- 5 Venture  Capital Fund for Scheduled Castes Entrepreneurs.
- (iv) 69% inmates belonged to Scheduled castes
- (vi) Total sanctioned capacity of the hostel was 12626 out of which 83 % are residing in the hostel
- (v) 69% belongs to BPL category 30,359/-
- (vii) Average rooms per hostel constructed was 14as per norms.
- (ix) 74% hostels have provision for reservation of disabled children
- (viii)Average occupancy per room was 10 against 9 sanctioned per room
- (x) Availability of facilities like toilets, bathrooms, water facility in toilets and bathrooms, kitchen, room, warden room,   electricity connection,  lights, fans, recreational  facilities,   regular   cleanliness, drinking water are available and functional in almost all the hostels with some degree of variations. dining
- (xii) Majority of 63% hostel inmates were OBCs; 23% SCs; 11% STs; and only 4% Others' category.
- (xi) Due to availability of free boarding and lodging facility, outs have started reducing especially for OBC and girls from poor families. drop boys

Majority of 65% inmates came from BPL families Their average annual family income was only Rs.39,396.

- Coverage under the study:- Out of 60 beneficiaries who have been sanctioned the funds only 57 cases are surveyed since 3 entrepreneurs could not be contacted despite various visits by the organization.
- (iii) 10 states having SC Entrepreneurship vis-a-vis number of sanctioned cases under VCF-SC:- As per the study; the coverage of the scheme is not proper since the states having more SC population have been sanctioned fewer   number of cases and vice versa. For example, no project has been  provided VCF in the state of Pradesh with the SC   entrepreneurs of 13.65 thousand whereas in Maharashtra with the  entrepreneurs thousand there are 18 sanctioned cases\_ Top Madhya
- (ii) Year wise   physical  performance  under A total of Rs.23880.40 lakh have been sanctioned to 60 entrepreneurs during the year 2014-15 to 2017-18 out of which Rs.14644.42 lakh have been disbursed to 47 beneficiaries.
- (iv) Time taken from submission of application to Sanction of Loan:Out of 57 sanctioned cases, 28 (49%/) entrepreneurs the sanction of loan in the span of three months followed by 19(33%) and 10(18%) between three to six months and six months to one year respectively. got
- (vi) Impact on increasing turnover and profit of the companies due to financial support provided under the scheme:The study reveals that out of 57 sanctioned cases, 23% increase in profit t0 a great extent was observed for 13 entrepreneurs whereas in case of 21 (370/) entrepreneurs some increase in profit was observed. No  remarkable increase\_in\_profit was   observed in case\_of3\_entrepreneurs\_ and the
- Repayment of Loan:- Out of 47 companies to whom disbursement has been made under the scheme, 33 are working in manufacturing sector and 14 are in service sector. Out of those 33 manufacturing companies, have started repayment and not defaulted in repaying the loan while 4 (12%) have started repayment and at present defaulted in repaying the loan. Also, 13 (399/) manufacturing companies have not started the repayment since their repayment is not due, while one (3%) company has not started the repayment hence defaulted yet
- (xii) On adequacy of the scholarship amount given to the students, majority (71.4%) students opined that the scholarship amount is neither adequate nor inadequate, while 24% viewed that the scholarship amount is adequate. Only 4.6%  students   stated that  the scholarship amount is inadequate.
- (xiii) Majority (79.9%) beneficiary students viewed that the income ceiling of Rs. 2.5 lakhs per annum to receive the scholarship is justified while about one-fifth (20.1%) students stated the income ceiling is unjustified:

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|                                                                                                                        | impact on profit is to be seen in case of 20 entrepreneurs. Impact on employment generation due to financial support provided under the scheme:- As per the study, a total of 2667 employees were in employment after receiving funds under VCF by the projects as against only 1145 employees before sanction of loan thus registering 133% increase in employment. yet                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
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| Outcome Based Evaluation of Post-Matric Scholarship Scheme for Scheduled Castes (SCs) & Other Backward Classes (OBCs). | A. ost Matric Scholarship Scheme for SC Students: The study has been conducted in five states   namely  Rajasthan districts) , Himachal Pradesh (5   districts), Uttrakhand (5   districts) , Odisha (7 districts) and Tripura (2 districts , ii) In all 28753 beneficiaries comprising 7457 from Govt. institutions and 21296 from private institutions have been surveyed by the organization: (iii) The   organization has   surveyed 384 institutions in selected states - Rajasthan (193). Himachal Pradesh (33), Uttrakhand (35), Tripura (25) and Odisha (98) (iv) Majority of  students (61.3%/) are male whereas   female are 38.7%/. Compared to other states, more female beneficiaries (41.4%) have been surveyed in Uttrakhand. It is observed that 47.6% beneficiaries come under the age group of up to 20 years, while 71.4% beneficiaries to the age group of 21 to 25 years whereas only 1% beneficiaries are in the age group of above 25 years   State wise analysis observed that majority of the beneficiary students in Odisha are up to 20 years of age beneficiary students in Uttrakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan and are in the age group of 21 to 25 years. (vi) Analysis of the courses pursued by surveyed beneficiary students reveals that 30.5% students are studying in Group-I courses, while 23% in Group-II, 12.2% in Group-III and 34.3% in Group-IV courses. farmers, 31.3% casual labour; 11.6% employed while 12.2% are small business (viii) As per the study the majority (60.3%) of the parents/guardians' income from all sources below Rs. 50,000/ - per annum and 32.4%/ parents/guardians have annual income between Rs.50,000/- and Rs. lakh while 7.3% parentslguardians have annual income above Rs. lakh to 2.5 lakhs). (ix) It is observed that 21.7%/ students benefitted under the scheme informed that the   scholarship has   helped them to a extent to pursue higher study while 57.5% students indicated that have been benefitted to some extent for higher study, 18.8% students have been benefitted to slight extent while only 2% students not been benefitted for higher study by the scholarship amount Present status of beneficiary students revealed that only 0.6%/ beneficiaries are in job employed and 3.5%/ are self-employed while 95% beneficiaries are presently student and 1 % are presently unemployed (xi) The scholarship is disbursed through direct benefit transfer to the bank account online   except in Himachal Pradesh where the tuition fee is directly transferred to the concerned institute. In Odisha, the scholarship in respect of eligible students studying in Government Higher Secondary Schools is transferred to the schools directly. belong Tripura. being doing large they have |

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## B Post Matric Scholarship Scheme for OBC Students:

- The   study has been conducted  in  five states   namely Rajasthan districts), Himachal Pradesh (4  districts), Uttrakhand (3   districts), Odisha (4 districts} and Tripura (2 districts).
- (iii) The   organization has   surveyed 213 institutions in selected states Rajasthan (189), Himachal  Pradesh (2), Uttrakhand (2), Tripura (3) and Odisha (17)\_
- (ii) In all 3252 beneficiaries comprising 979 from Govt. institutions and 2273 from private institutions have been surveyed by the organization.
- (iv) Majority of students (66. are male whereas 33.6%/ are female. 4%/)
- (vi) Analysis of the courses pursued by   surveyed   beneficiary students reveals that 39.3% students are studying in Group-A courses, 17.2% in Group-B, 8.6% in Group-C and 34.9% in Group-D courses. being
- It is observed that 64.0% beneficiaries come under the age group of up to 20 years, while 35.9% beneficiaries are above 20 years of age
- (vii) The   study reveals that 53.6%/ parents of surveyed beneficiaries are engaged in Agriculture, 37.9% Casual   labour, 4.9%/ are in  Service while 3.6% are engaged in business.
- (viii) As per the study the   majority   (67.7%) of the   parents/guardians income from all sources is below Rs. 50,000/- per annum while 32.3% parents/guardians have annual income between Rs.50,000/- and Rs. lakh
- (ix) It is observed that 16.1% students benefitted under the scheme informed that the scholarship has helped them to a extent to pursue higher  study while 61.5% students   indicated that have been benefitted to moderate extent for higher study, 19.4% students have been benefitted to slight extent while only 3.0% students have not been benefitted for higher study by the scholarship amount large they
- (xi) As the scholarship amount including the tuition fee is released directly to the bank accounts of concerned students except in case of Himachal Pradesh, there is no occasion of refund of tuition fee to the students. In Himachal Pradesh; the tution fees   released to the   institutions are refunded to students in case have made full payment of the same prior to release. However; there is no guideline issued by the State in this regard. In Odisha, the Government Higher Secondary Schools are not collecting the tuition fees to the extent of the scholarship amount as decided by the State Government. they
- Present status of   beneficiary students revealed that only 5.5%/ beneficiaries are in job employed and 0.8% are self-employed while 91.6%/ beneficiaries are   presently student and 2.0% are presently unemployed
- (xii) On adequacy of the scholarship amount given to the students\_majority
- Functioning Of the Finance Development Corporations of Department of Social Justice and Empowerment:

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(75.6%/) students opined that the scholarship amount given is neither adequate nor inadequate, while 19.2%  viewed that   the   scholarship amount is adequate. Only 5.3% students   stated that the scholarship amount is inadequate.

Majority (57.7%) beneficiary students viewed that the income ceiling of Rs. 1 lakhs per annum to receive the scholarship is justified while (42.3%) students stated the income of Rs. 1 lakhs is not justified. ceiling

- A National Scheduled Castes Finance Development   Corporation (NSFDC):-
- Performance of Corporation 2016-17:During 2016-17 the corporation has sanctioned the loan amounting to Rs.550.90 Crore. It has kept the target of 62001 women beneficiaries to disburse them the loan of Rs.232.97 Crore.
- (iii) Existing level of marketing support to target group, its effectiveness and measures for improvement:- It has been observed that periodical inputs   relating to marketing and developing and redesigning of artisan products as per customer' $ needs, betterment of over the counter salesmanship are given to the beneficiaries. For this purpose, NSFDC participates in National and International Exhibitions Stalls to beneficiaries for exhibiting and selling their   products. NSFDC also has started participating in exhibitions/fairs at District Level.
- (ii) State-wise SC population and disbursement of loan:- In this table the  organization has indicated  the amount of loan  disbursed to the states in the year 2016-17. The highest amount of loan of Rs.7170.53 Lakh has been disbursed to Tamil Nadu followed by Andhra Pradesh (Rs.7012.30 Lakh), Karnataka (5807.18 Lakh), Gujarat (Rs.4467.19 Lakh) and Telangana (Rs.3584.43 Lakh) and $0 on.
- (iv) Staff Strength of NSFDC:- As against a sanctioned strength of 117 of the corporation, 76 staff are working for the past three years. only
- As it has been found from the data of the NSFDC that nearly 85 % of the loan is given to those below BPL and 15 percent for those above BPL.
- (vi) Sanction and disbursement by all the SCAs all over the country:As per the study all the SCAs have been sanctioned an amount of Rs.34443.50 Lakh to target 64535 beneficiaries but the SCAs disbursed Rs. 27744.84 Lakh to 57306 beneficiaries during the year 2016-17.
- (viii)New schemes Initiated:- The corporation has launched the following new schemes
- (vii) Activities covered under various sectors for loan assistance: - The SCAs disbursed the loan for agriculture,   Industry, Services and Transport Sectors.
- (a) Nari Arthik Sashaktikaran  Yojana (NASY) to support the Single Women in the age group of 25 50 years:
- Vocational Education and  Training Loan Scheme  (VETLS) to provide financial assistance in the form of loan to persons of target group up to the age of 50 years to enhance their skills & employability.
- (b) Green Business Scheme to provide financial assistance in the form of loan to tackle the climate change along with income generation.
- (d) Aajeevika Microfinance\_Yojana (AMY) (Livelihood Microfinance

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Scheme) to provide prompt and need based Micro Finance.

- (ix) Sanction and disbursement by all the RRBs and PSBs:- As per the study all the RRBs PSBs have been sanctioned an amount of Rs.20646.88 Lakh to target 25558 beneficiaries but the RRBs PSBs disbursed Rs. 20153.11 Lakh to 24799 beneficiaries the year 2016-17. during
- (xi) Number of trainees and their placement:- Out of 17008 trainees all over India in 2016-17, 10381 the placement which accounts only to 61.03 percent, a slight improvement over the last year; but still below the target of 70 percent: got
- Training Programme:All  the training partners of the corporation imparted the to and 9854 Females the year 2016-17. training during
- (xii) Detail  of beneficiaries: The organization has selected 2516 (urban 1479, rural   1037) beneficiaries   consisting 1065 (42.2%/) males   and 1451 (57.6%/) females for the study.

(xiii)Case studies:- The study covered success stories of 10 persons.

## B. National Backward Class Finance Development Corporation (NBCFDC): -

- Amount of loan disbursed:The amount of loan disbursed to various states for the 2014-15 to 2016-17 have been indicated in this table. The highest amount of loan of Rs.10650.00 lakh has been disbursed by the state of   Kerala followed by Tamil Nadu   (Rs.10000.00 lakh), Karnataka (Rs.3500.00 lakh) and so on. year
- (ii) Amount disbursed: - The all SCAs of the corporation have disbursed an amount of Rs.38736.08 lakh to 170555 beneficiaries 201617. during
- (iii) Skill   Development  Training Programme:corporation imparted skill development training to 18748 beneficiaries 2016-17 as against 15146 and 11410 in the year 2015-16 and 2014-15 respectively. during
- (v) The selected trainees admitted that had been either engaged in self-employment or placed at the private organizations and have been regularly earning a minimum of' Rs.10000 per  month: However, the female   candidates, are unable to start performing as selfemployed plumber in their villages because could not break the traditional role / occupation handled by males in the villages they far , they
- (iv) Most of the trainees were of class 10 (secondary) passed and unmarried with just 1 8 to 20 years.
- (vi) The functionaries have said that have not experienced any remarkable   problems while   organizing and   implementing the Skill Development Training Scheme. they
- (viii) Most of the selected trainees admitted that had been placed at the private industries as wage employee (soon after the successful completion of training) and had been  regularly earning Rs.7000 to they
- (vii) were mostly class 10 (secondary) passed and unmarried females with just 18 years completed but all below 28 years in the case of ATDC; However; considerable number of graduate and/or married girls were also present in batch. However in the case of CIPET most were 12t passed and almost all the trainees were They boys:

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Functioning case of CIPET.

- (ix) Number of Beneficiaries: In the study Out of 24752 beneficiaries a sample of 1540 beneficiaries have been selected for the study.
- (xi) Number of Beneficiaries by Sex:- The majority (833) beneficiaries were females and rest of 747 were males.
- (x) Number of Beneficiaries by Residence: - Out of 1540 beneficiaries 1120 were from rural and 420 from urban areas.
- (xii) Number of Beneficiaries by Types of   Loan:-  Majority (655) beneficaries have taken loans for Micro Finance followed by Mahila Samriddhi Yojana (496), Term Loan (341), Educational Loan (47) and only 1 for new Swarnima Scheme.
- (xiv) Case studies:- The study covered success stories of 12 persons.
- (xiii) Repayment of Loan:As per the study only 201 beneficiaries are regular in paying the loan while majority of 1339 beneficiaries are not repaying the loan regularly.

## C. National Safai Karamcharis   Finance & Development Corporation (NSKFDC): -

- (i) Performance of Corporation:- The performance of the corporation has been given in the table for three years. In the year   2016-17 the corporation has disbursed an amount of Rs.179.10 Crore to 23565 beneficiaries. The highest amount disbursed pertains to General Term Loan amounting to Rs.107.34 Crore to 11025 beneficiaries followed by Micro Samridhi Yojana (Rs.14.97 Crore to 3413 beneficiaries) etc.
- (ii) Expenditure by the Corporation:- The Corporation has incurred the expenditure of Rs.10,30,97,776/the year 2016-17 . The Maximum  amount of Rs.58267436/- has been incurred on training to beneficiaries followed by   Employee Benefits (Rs.25112631/-), other expenses (Rs.18479969/-) and Depreciation amortization (Rs.1237740/during
- (iii) Some   specific items of   expenditures:The   corporation has also incurred an expenditure of Rs: 13320709/- on some other items such as Establishment Expenses (Rs.5315943/-), Trade fair expenses (Rs.3568920/-), Travelling expenses (Rs.1639589/-), Office Rent (Rs.1574304/-) and Conference and Seminar (Rs.1221953/-).
- (v) Number of trainees: - In the year 2016-17, a total of 11592 persons have been  trained as against 9600 and 8750 in the year 2015-16 and 2014-15 respectively.
- (iv) Performance of RRBs:-All the three Rural  Regional Banks (RRBs) have disbursed a total amount of Rs.1822.5 Lakh to 2830 beneficiaries during 2016-17.
- (vi) Beneficiaries by Sex: - As per the study 91.4% beneficiaries were male and 8.6% female in case of RRBs whereas in case of SCAs the males are only 2.5% whereas females are 97.5%.

Success Stories: The organization has given success stories of Shri Debashis Nath and Ashok Kumar Gupta who were Safai Karamcharis. have taken the loan of Rs75O00o/- and Rs. 566000/- respectively from NSKFDC and They

Functioning of Integrated Rehabilitation Centres for Addicts was Drug

## Rehabilitation Centres for Addicts Drug

condueted by Research and Development Initiative Pvt: New Delhi in the 2017. The study focuses on evaluating the main objectives of the Scheme in 398 IRCAs across geographical boundaries of India. Some of the major findings ofthe study are given below: year

- 1, are   admitted  for  alcoholism treatment.
- ii. 91.8%   respondents that   medicines   provided to them had improved their overall well agreed being:
- iv. Maximum (80%) patients have experienced   improvement in their employment strata after de-addiction.
- iii. 88.5% centres have facilities of recreational activities.
- 94.2% of rehabilitees realized that their self-esteem has increased post de-addiction.
- vi. A high of 95% patients are satisfied by the treatment and other services received at the centre. they

The study observed that the NGOs getting grant in aid under the Scheme are running the IRCAs as per the guidelines of the Scheme, and most of the activities are   carried out by them  satisfactorily. that vocational training for rehabilitation of addicts needs to be given focus by the IRCAs for employment or self employment of the de-addicted persons.

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