Lok Sabha Question No. 5527 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-07-26
Subject: Factories Emitting Pollution
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Khagen Murmu

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 5527 TO BE ANSWERED ON 26.07.2019

## Factories Emitting Pollution

## 5527. SHRI KHAGEN MURMU:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has the list of such factories emitting toxic pollutants and if so, the details thereof;
- (b) whether the Government has received any feedback from various stakeholders/groups to protect the States from the effects of pollution;
- (c) if so, the details thereof;
- (d) whether  the  Union  Government  has  given  any  instructions  to  State  Government  to formulate schemes to stop pollution; and
- (e) whether the State Governments have executed any plan or initiated any measures in this regard, and if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI BABUL SUPRIYO)

- (a) According to the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), there are a total of 4264 highly polluting industries (17 category of industries) in India, out of which 3768 industries are  operating  and  496  industries  are  self-closed.  The  number  of  complying  and  noncomplying industries is 3250 and 518 respectively. Show-cause notices and closure directions have so far been issued by CPCB to 325 and 156 non-complying units respectively. Legal cases have been filed against 5 units. State-wise status is at Annexure - I.
- (b) & (c) The  Government  has  taken  a  number  of  policy  interventions  and  regulatory measures for prevention,  control  and  abatement  of  environmental  pollution  in  the  country, including, inter alia , notification of various Acts and Rules, emission/ effluent standards for various industrial sectors, demarcation of eco-sensitive zones, enforcement of environmental norms through consent mechanism and regular monitoring of industries, etc. The Government carries out extensive consultation with relevant stakeholders, including general public, before the finalization of various rules and notifications. The comments received from the stakeholders/ public are duly considered for finalization of the rules and notifications.
- (d) & (e) The Union Government is working closely with State/ UT Governments for prevention, control and  abatement  of  pollution. The  directions  issued  by  the  Union Government to the State/UT Government and their executing agencies include:
-  Criteria revised for categorization of industries into 'Red', 'Orange', 'Green' and 'White' categories; directions issued under section 18(1)(b) of  the Air ( Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act 1981 and  the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act  1974 to all  State  Pollution  Control  Boards  (SPCBs)  /  Pollution  Control  Committees  (PCCs)  to adopt  the  same  for  consent  mechanism;  all  SPCBs/  PCCs  have  adopted  the  revised categorization.
-  Effluent/  emission  standards  notified  by  the  Government  for  various  industrial  sectors under the  Environment (Protection)  Act, 1986; enforcement done through SPCBs and PCCs
-  Issuance  of  appropriate  directions  by  CPCB  under  Section  5  of  the  Environment (Protection) Act 1986 to non-complying industrial units and under Section 18 (1) (b) of the  Water  (Prevention  and  Control  of  Pollution)  Act,  1974  and  Air  (Prevention  and Control  of  Pollution)  Act,  1981  to  SPCBs/  PCCs;  issuance  of  consent  to  establish/ consent to operate and authorization to the industries in the States/ UTs by SPCBs/ PCCs. Also, the SPCBs/  PCCs  monitor  the compliance of industrial emissions/effluent discharges  and  other  operational  activities  to  ensure  compliance  with  the  prescribed standards.
-  CPCB has directed all 17 categories of highly polluting industries and industries of Ganga basin to install Continuous Effluent/ Emission Monitoring Systems for continuous check on pollution levels. Inspection of industries are carried out on the basis of Short Message Service  (SMS)  alerts  generated  from  the  online  monitoring  systems.  A  total  of  592 industries have been inspected till 14.06.2019 and 347 directions issued under Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 to non-complying industries and 1 direction issued under Section 18(1)(b) of the Air and Water Acts to SPCB. State-wise and sector-wise number of industrial inspections carried out and directions issued is given at Annexure-II and Annexure-III respectively.
-  Directions issued by CPCB under Section 5 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 regarding treatment and utilization of sewage for restoration of water quality of river to Municipal Corporations of 46 Metropolitan cities and 20 State Capitals.
-  Issued  directions  under  Section18  (1)  (b)  of  the  Water  (Prevention  and  Control  of Pollution) Act, 1974 to SPCBs/PCCs for treatment and utilization of sewage.
-  A  comprehensive  set  of  directions  have  been  issued  under  section  18  (1)  (b)  of  Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1986 for implementation of 42/31 measures to mitigate  air  pollution  in  major  cities  including  Delhi  and  NCR  cities  comprising  of control and mitigation measures related to vehicular emissions, re-suspension of road dust and other fugitive emissions, bio-mass/municipal solid waste burning, industrial pollution, construction and demolition activities, and other general steps.
-  Based  on  ambient  air  quality  data  for  the  period  of  2011-2015  and  World  Health Organisation  reports  2014/18,  102  non-attainment  cities  that  failed  to  meet  prescribed standards  of  PM10  have  been  identified  for  formulation  and  implementation  of  city specific  action  plan  under  National  Clean  Air  Programme  (NCAP).  The  States  have prepared city specific mitigation plan for addressing the abatement of air pollution in a comprehensive manner.

*****

## Annexure - I referred in reply to the Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 5527 due for answer on 26/07/2019 regarding 'Factories Emitting Pollution'

## State-wise status of 17-categories of industries

| S. No.   | States /Union Territories   |   Total No. of Industries |   No. of industries closed by their own |   No. of operational industries |   No. of complying industries |   No. of non- complying industries |   No. of Show cause notices issued |   No. of Closure directions issued |   No. of Legal action filed |
|----------|-----------------------------|---------------------------|-----------------------------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------|------------------------------------|------------------------------------|------------------------------------|-----------------------------|
| 1        | Andaman & Nicobar           |                         0 |                                       0 |                               0 |                             0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 2        | Andhra Pradesh              |                       243 |                                      13 |                             230 |                           208 |                                 22 |                                 21 |                                  1 |                           0 |
| 3        | Arunachal Pradesh           |                         5 |                                       0 |                               5 |                             5 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 4        | Assam                       |                        51 |                                      11 |                              40 |                            36 |                                  4 |                                  2 |                                  2 |                           0 |
| 5        | Bihar                       |                        43 |                                      26 |                              17 |                            17 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 6        | Chandigarh                  |                         0 |                                       0 |                               0 |                             0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 7        | Chhattisgarh                |                       163 |                                      20 |                             143 |                           137 |                                  6 |                                  5 |                                  1 |                           0 |
| 8        | Daman& Diu                  |                         4 |                                       0 |                               4 |                             4 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 9        | Delhi                       |                         3 |                                       2 |                               1 |                             1 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 10       | Goa                         |                        15 |                                       2 |                              13 |                            12 |                                  1 |                                  1 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 11       | Gujarat                     |                       517 |                                      76 |                             441 |                           344 |                                 97 |                                 72 |                                 24 |                           0 |
| 12       | Haryana                     |                       161 |                                       8 |                             153 |                           148 |                                  5 |                                  3 |                                  2 |                           0 |
| 13       | Himachal Pradesh            |                        21 |                                       1 |                              20 |                            20 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 14       | Jammu & Kashmir             |                        55 |                                       0 |                              55 |                            52 |                                  3 |                                  3 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 15       | Jharkhand                   |                        81 |                                       2 |                              79 |                            54 |                                 25 |                                 13 |                                  1 |                           0 |
| 16       | Karnataka                   |                       246 |                                      47 |                             199 |                           184 |                                 15 |                                  2 |                                 12 |                           0 |
| 17       | Kerala                      |                        29 |                                       2 |                              27 |                            26 |                                  1 |                                  0 |                                  1 |                           0 |
| 18       | Lakshadweep                 |                         0 |                                       0 |                               0 |                             0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 19       | Madhya Pradesh              |                        99 |                                       4 |                              95 |                            92 |                                  3 |                                  3 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 20       | Maharashtra                 |                       480 |                                      20 |                             460 |                           281 |                                179 |                                138 |                                 31 |                           5 |
| 21       | Manipur                     |                         0 |                                       0 |                               0 |                             0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 22       | Meghalaya                   |                        23 |                                       1 |                              22 |                            20 |                                  2 |                                  0 |                                  2 |                           0 |
| 23       | Mizoram                     |                         1 |                                       1 |                               0 |                             0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 24       | Nagaland                    |                         0 |                                       0 |                               0 |                             0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 25       | Odisha                      |                       174 |                                      35 |                             139 |                           136 |                                  3 |                                  3 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 26       | Puducherry                  |                         6 |                                       0 |                               6 |                             4 |                                  2 |                                  0 |                                  2 |                           0 |
| 27       | Punjab                      |                        88 |                                       6 |                              82 |                            77 |                                  5 |                                  2 |                                  1 |                           0 |
| 28       | Rajasthan                   |                       161 |                                      12 |                             149 |                           129 |                                 20 |                                 17 |                                  2 |                           0 |
| 29       | Sikkim                      |                         1 |                                       0 |                               1 |                             0 |                                  1 |                                  1 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 30       | Tamil Nadu                  |                       156 |                                       0 |                             156 |                           156 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 31       | Telangana                   |                       310 |                                      31 |                             279 |                           210 |                                 69 |                                 22 |                                 40 |                           0 |
| 32       | Tripura                     |                         5 |                                       0 |                               5 |                             3 |                                  2 |                                  0 |                                  0 |                           0 |
| 33       | Uttar Pradesh               |                       942 |                                     135 |                             807 |                           782 |                                 25 |                                  1 |                                 24 |                           0 |
| 34       | Uttarakhand                 |                        50 |                                       7 |                              43 |                            39 |                                  4 |                                  1 |                                  1 |                           0 |
| 35       | West Bengal                 |                       131 |                                      34 |                              97 |                            73 |                                 24 |                                 15 |                                  9 |                           0 |
|          | Total                       |                      4264 |                                     496 |                            3768 |                          3250 |                                518 |                                325 |                                156 |                           5 |

Annexure - II referred in reply to the Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 5527 due for answer on 26/07/2019 regarding ' Factories Emitting Pollution'

## State wise number of industries inspected under SMS Alerts Scheme and action taken from 2016 to till 14.06.2019

| Sr. No.   | State            |   No. of Industries Inspected |   No. of Directions issued under Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 |   No, of Directions issued under Section 18(1)(b) of Air and Water Acts |
|-----------|------------------|-------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1         | Andhra Pradesh   |                            37 |                                                                               18 |                                                                       0 |
| 2         | Assam            |                            28 |                                                                               17 |                                                                       0 |
| 3         | Bihar            |                             5 |                                                                                1 |                                                                       0 |
| 4         | Chhattisgarh     |                            26 |                                                                               12 |                                                                       0 |
| 5         | Delhi            |                             1 |                                                                                0 |                                                                       0 |
| 6         | Goa              |                             3 |                                                                                0 |                                                                       0 |
| 7         | Gujarat          |                            64 |                                                                               41 |                                                                       0 |
| 8         | Haryana          |                            26 |                                                                               12 |                                                                       0 |
| 9         | Himachal Pradesh |                             7 |                                                                                4 |                                                                       0 |
| 10        | Jammu &Kashmir   |                             8 |                                                                                5 |                                                                       0 |
| 11        | Jharkhand        |                            30 |                                                                               20 |                                                                       0 |
| 12        | Karnataka        |                            27 |                                                                               16 |                                                                       0 |
| 13        | Kerala           |                             7 |                                                                                9 |                                                                       0 |
| 14        | Madhya Pradesh   |                            30 |                                                                               17 |                                                                       0 |
| 15        | Maharashtra      |                            52 |                                                                               33 |                                                                       1 |
| 16        | Meghalaya        |                            12 |                                                                                6 |                                                                       0 |
| 17        | Odisha           |                            34 |                                                                               26 |                                                                       0 |
| 18        | Puducherry       |                             1 |                                                                                0 |                                                                       0 |
| 19        | Punjab           |                            22 |                                                                                8 |                                                                       0 |
| 20        | Rajasthan        |                            33 |                                                                               10 |                                                                       0 |
| 21        | Sikkim           |                             1 |                                                                                2 |                                                                       0 |
| 22        | Tamil Nadu       |                            37 |                                                                               21 |                                                                       0 |
| 23        | Telangana        |                            21 |                                                                               15 |                                                                       0 |
| 24        | Tripura          |                             1 |                                                                                0 |                                                                       0 |
| 25        | Uttar Pradesh    |                            39 |                                                                               27 |                                                                       0 |
| 26        | Uttarakhand      |                             6 |                                                                                5 |                                                                       0 |
| 27        | West Bengal      |                            34 |                                                                               22 |                                                                       0 |
|           | TOTAL            |                           592 |                                                                              347 |                                                                       1 |

## Annexure - III referred in reply to the Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 5527 due for answer on 26/07/2019 regarding ' Factories Emitting Pollution'

## Sector-wise number of industries inspected under SMS Alerts Scheme and action taken from 2016 to till 14.06.2019

| Sr. No.   | Sector         |   No. of Industries Inspected |   No. of Directions issued under Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 |   No, of Directions issued under Section 18(1)(b) of Air and Water Acts |
|-----------|----------------|-------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1         | Refineries     |                            22 |                                                                               15 |                                                                       0 |
| 2         | Fertilizer     |                            38 |                                                                               20 |                                                                       0 |
| 3         | Dyes           |                            31 |                                                                               19 |                                                                       0 |
| 4         | Pharmaceutical |                            57 |                                                                               34 |                                                                       0 |
| 5         | Pesticide      |                            31 |                                                                               12 |                                                                       0 |
| 6         | Caustic        |                            19 |                                                                               12 |                                                                       0 |
| 7         | Petrochemical  |                            22 |                                                                               23 |                                                                       0 |
| 8         | Power          |                            66 |                                                                               35 |                                                                       0 |
| 10        | Aluminium      |                            10 |                                                                                8 |                                                                       0 |
| 10        | Copper         |                             3 |                                                                                2 |                                                                       0 |
| 11        | Zinc           |                             2 |                                                                                1 |                                                                       0 |
| 12        | Steel          |                            67 |                                                                               43 |                                                                       0 |
| 13        | Cement         |                           103 |                                                                               55 |                                                                       0 |
| 14        | Sugar          |                            20 |                                                                                9 |                                                                       1 |
| 15        | Pulp &Paper    |                            40 |                                                                               24 |                                                                       0 |
| 16        | Distillery     |                            40 |                                                                               17 |                                                                       0 |
| 17        | Tannery        |                            21 |                                                                               18 |                                                                       0 |
| TOTAL     | TOTAL          |                           592 |                                                                              347 |                                                                       1 |