Lok Sabha Question No. 5490 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-07-26
Subject: Pollution by Industries
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Sunil Dattatray Tatkare

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 5490 TO BE ANSWERED ON 26.07.2019

## Pollution by Industries

## 5490. SHRI SUNIL DATTATRAY TATKARE:

Will  the  Minister  of  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND  CLIMATE  CHANGE  be  pleased  to state:

- (a) whether  as  per  the  State  of  India's  Environment  report  there  has  been  136  per  cent increase in the number of Grossly Polluting Industries (GPI) between 2011 and 2018;
- (b) if so, the list of GPI's in the country, State/UT-wise; and
- (c) the  steps  taken  by  the  Government  to  enhance  the technical  capacity  of  GPI's  to  treat their effluents?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI BABUL SUPRIYO)

(a) to (c) The  Central  Government  has  taken  a  number  of  regulatory  measures  for prevention,  control  and  abatement  of  industrial  pollution.  One  such  measure  for  regulating industries  discharging  effluent  into  a  water  course  is  the  determination  of  Grossly  Polluting Industries (GPI) based on their pollution load (Biochemical Oxygen Demand 100 kg per day) and/ or handling of hazardous chemicals specified under the Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous  Chemicals  Rules,  1989.  These  units  as  well  as  17  category  of  highly  polluting industries are regularly monitored by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)/ State Pollution Control  Boards  (SPCBs)/  Pollution  Control  Committees  (PCCs)  for  discharge  of  effluents. CPCB has issued directions to all 17 category of highly polluting industries as well as GPIs in Ganga  Basin  States  to  install  Online  Effluent/  Emission  Monitoring  System  (OCEMS)  with connectivity  to  SPCBs/  PCCs  concerned  and  CPCB  for  real-time  monitoring  of  discharge  of effluents  and  emission.  Inspections  of  highly  polluting  industries  based  on  the  computer generated alerts from OCEMS are being carried out by CPCB since 2016-17.

CPCB  in  co-ordination  with  the  SPCBs/  PCCs  identified  1162  units  spread  over  22 States/ UTs as GPIs in the year 2011 for taking concerted actions for control of pollution. Of these  992  industries  were  operational  among  which  792  were  complying  with  environmental standards. As per the most recent data collated by CPCB from 36 States/ UTs, 2743 industries have been brought under the classification of GPIs for  regular  monitoring by CPCB/ SPCBs/ PCCs. Of these 2497 units are currently  operational and 246 units have  closed on their own. Among  the  operational  units,  2222  units  are  reported  to  be  complying  with  environmental standards. State-wise status of GPIs is at Annexure.

The increase of 136% in the number of industries could be partly attributed to the fact that the identification done in 2011 covered only 22 States/ UTs while the present data covers all the  States/  UTs.  Increased  industrialization/  development  over  the  time,  stringent  monitoring assisted  by  violation-alerts  generated  from  OCEMS,  etc.  could  be  other  reasons.  The  current status  of  compliance  of  operational  industries  has  improved  as  compared  to  the  compliance status of 2011. While the current percentage of compliance is 89% (i.e., 2222 complying units out  of  2497  operational  ones),  the  corresponding  percentage  for  2011  is  79.8%  (i.e.,  792 complying units out of 992 operational ones).

In addition to the installation of OCEMS and alert-based random inspections, the various other  measures  taken  by  the  Government  to  ensure  treatment  of  effluents  by  industries, including GPIs, are as follows:

-  Revision of effluent standards of various industrial sectors from time-to-time.
-  Amendment  of  the  Manufacture,  Storage  and  Import  of  Hazardous  Chemicals  Rules, 1989 from time-to-time; the Rules presently specify 684 hazardous and toxic chemicals in place of 434 originally notified.
-  Revision of criteria for categorization of industries based on their pollution potential into 'Red',  'Orange',  'Green'  and  'White'  categories  to  encourage  industries  to  adopt processes with less pollution potential.
-  Directions issued by CPCB to all SPCBs/PCCs to adopt the revised categorization for issuance of Consent to Establish/ Operate to 'Red', 'Orange' and 'Green' categories of industries.
-  Issuance  of  appropriate  directions  by  CPCB  under  Section  5  of  the  Environment (Protection) Act 1986 to non-complying units and under section 18 (1) (b) of the Water (Prevention  and  Control  of  Pollution)  Act,1974  and  Air  (Prevention  and  Control  of Pollution) Act, 1981 to SPCBs/ PCCs.

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## Annexure referred in reply to the Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 5490 due for answer on 26.07.2019 regarding 'Pollution by Industries'

|        | State-wise status of GPI units   | State-wise status of GPI units   | State-wise status of GPI units        | State-wise status of GPI units   | State-wise status of GPI units   | State-wise status of GPI units   |
|--------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|---------------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|
| S. No. | State/UT                         | Total no. of industries          | No. of industries closed by their own | No. of operational industries    | No. of complying industries      | No. of non- complying industries |
| 1      | Andaman &Nicobar                 | 2                                | 0                                     | 2                                | 1                                | 1                                |
| 2      | Andhra Pradesh                   | 198                              | 5                                     | 193                              | 189                              | 4                                |
| 3      | Arunachal Pradesh                | 97                               | 8                                     | 89                               | 63                               | 26                               |
| 4      | Assam                            | 0                                | 0                                     | 0                                | 0                                | 0                                |
| 5      | Bihar                            | 84                               | 34                                    | 50                               | 50                               | 0                                |
| 6      | Chandigarh                       | 0                                | 0                                     | 0                                | 0                                | 0                                |
| 7      | Chhattisgarh                     | 2                                | 0                                     | 2                                | 1                                | 1                                |
| 8      | Daman &Diu                       | 0                                | 0                                     | 0                                | 0                                | 0                                |
| 9 10   | Dadra &Nagar Haveli Delhi        | 3                                | 0                                     | 3                                | 3                                | 0                                |
| 11     | Goa                              | 0                                | 0                                     | 0                                | 0                                | 0                                |
| 12     | Gujarat                          | 191                              | 13                                    | 178                              | 139                              | 39                               |
| 13     | Haryana                          | 660                              | 22                                    | 638                              | 625                              | 13                               |
| 14     | Himachal Pradesh                 | 0                                | 0                                     | 0                                | 0                                | 0                                |
| 15     | Jammu &Kashmir                   | 69                               | 0                                     | 69                               | 66                               | 3                                |
| 16     | Jharkhand                        | 45                               | 6                                     | 39                               | 5                                | 34                               |
| 17     | Karnataka                        | 4                                | 0                                     | 4                                | 4                                | 0                                |
| 18     | Kerala                           | 29                               | 1                                     | 28                               | 27                               | 1                                |
| 19     | Lakshadweep                      | 0                                | 0                                     | 0                                | 0                                | 0                                |
| 20     | Madhya Pradesh                   | 2                                | 0                                     | 2                                | 2                                | 0                                |
| 21     | Maharashtra                      | 4                                | 0                                     | 4                                | 4                                | 0                                |
| 22     | Manipur                          | 0                                | 0                                     | 0                                | 0                                | 0                                |
| 23     | Mizoram                          | 0                                | 0                                     | 0                                | 0                                | 0                                |
| 24     | Meghalaya                        | 0                                | 0                                     | 0                                | 0                                | 0                                |
| 25     | Nagaland                         | 0                                | 0                                     | 0                                | 0                                | 0                                |
| 26     | Odisha                           | 6                                | 0                                     | 6                                | 6                                | 0                                |
| 27     | Puducherry                       | 3                                | 0                                     | 3                                | 3                                | 0                                |
| 28     | Punjab                           | 5                                | 0                                     | 5                                | 2                                | 3                                |
| 29     | Rajasthan                        | 0                                | 0                                     | 0                                | 0                                | 0                                |
| 30     | Sikkim                           | 0                                | 0                                     | 0                                | 0                                | 0                                |
| 31     | Tamil Nadu                       | 0                                | 0                                     | 0                                | 0                                | 0                                |
| 32     | Telangana                        | 2                                | 1                                     | 1                                | 1                                | 0                                |
| 33     | Tripura                          | 0                                | 0                                     | 0                                | 0                                | 0                                |
| 34     | Uttar Pradesh                    | 1218                             | 139                                   | 1079                             | 950                              | 129                              |
| 35     | Uttarakhand                      | 76                               | 12                                    | 64                               | 54                               | 10                               |
| 36     | West Bengal                      | 43                               | 5                                     | 38                               | 27                               | 11                               |
|        | Total                            | 2743                             | 246                                   | 2497                             | 2222                             | 275                              |