Lok Sabha Question No. 4165 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-12-13
Subject: Vaccination for Pneumonia
Ministry: HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
Asked by: Meenakashi Lekhi, Nishikant  Dubey

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 4165 TO BE ANSWERED ON 13 TH DECEMBER, 2019

## VACCINATION FOR PNEU MONIA

## 4165. SHRIMATI MEENAKASHI LEKHI: DR. NISHIKANT DUBEY:

Will the Minister of HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the diseases like Asthma, Bronchitis and Pneumonia are increasing especially children in various parts of the country and if so, the details ther eof and reasons therefor;
- (b) whether the Government is considering to take necessary steps to check this problem so, the details thereof;
- (c) the number of children vaccinated with Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) under t Universal Immunisation Programme since its inception; and
- (d) the steps taken to disseminate knowledge about this vaccination programme?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

(SHRI ASHWINI KUMAR CHOUBEY)

- (a):    As per National Fami y Health Survey (NFHS), the prevalence in children under 3 years o age of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) which includes pneumonia and bronchitis was 19. in NFHS 2(1998 - 99), 5.8% in NFHS 3(2005 - 06) and was 2.7% in NFHS 4 (2015 - 16) in children under 5 years of age.  The State/UT - wise data of the prevalence of ARI as per NFHS - 2,3 &4 is at Annexure.
- (b):          Under  National  Health  Mission,  the  Government  of  India  is  implementing  follo interventions to address pneumonia:
- SAANS (Social Awareness and Actions to Neutralize Pneumonia Successfully) Initiativ to accelerate action to reduce deaths due to Childhood Pneumonia. The SAANS initiative encompasses a three tiered strategy: i) National Childhood Pneumonia Management Guidelines on treatment and management of Childhood Pneumonia; ii) Skill building and training of service providers for identification and standardized mana of  Pneumonia;  and  iii)  a  360 0 communication  SAANS  Campaign  to  ensure  greater awareness  on  childho od  Pneumonia  among  families  and  parents  in  order to  trigger behaviour change and improve care seeking.
- Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) focuses on Measles, Haemophilus Influenzae (B) and Pneumococcal Vaccine for prevention of pneumonia.
- Early ini t ation and exclusive breastfeeding for first six months and appropriate and  Young  Child  Feeding  (IYCF)  practices  are  promoted  under  Mothers'  Absolute Affection (MAA) initiative.
- Facility  based -Integrated  Management  of  Neonatal  and  Childhood  Illness  (F -IMNCI) training to build capacity of Medical Officer and Nurses in Primary Health Centres, Referral Unit, Community  Health Centres, and  District Hospital on Acute Respirat I nfection (ARI) Management.

(c ):      Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) has been introduced since May 2017 in a ph manner under Universal Immunization Program. Since its inception, 93.20 lakhs children hav been vaccinated with Pneumococcal Conjugat e V ccine (PCV) till October 2019 in the states of Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, 19 districts of Uttar Pradesh and 18 districts of Rajasthan.

(d):   Following steps have been taken to disseminate knowledge about Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (P CV) vaccination under Universal Immunization Program of National Health Mission:

- Awareness  among community  has  been  generated  utilizing audio - visual  and  print material like poster, banner, leaflet, TV spot and radio spot and use of Social through Wh atsApp, Twitter and Facebook messages .
- Awareness among service providers like  Medical officers and Front Line Workers lik Accredited Social Health Activists(ASHAs), Auxiliary Nurse Mid wives (ANMs) and Anganwadi workers(AWWs)has been created through tra inings.

## State/UT - wise Percentage Prevalence of Acute Respiratory Infection among Children

| State                       | NFHS 2 (1998 -99) Prevalence in children under 3 years of age   | NFHS 3 (2005 -06) Prevalence in children under 3 years of age   |   NFHS 4 (2015 -16) Prevalence in children under 5 years of age |
|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| India                       | 19.3                                                            | 5.8                                                             |                                                             2.7 |
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands | NA                                                              | NA                                                              |                                                             1.5 |
| Andhra Pradesh              | 19.3                                                            | 2                                                               |                                                             0.5 |
| Arunachal Pradesh           | 25.4                                                            | 6.7                                                             |                                                             2.1 |
| Assam                       | 17.8                                                            | 7.3                                                             |                                                             1   |
| Bihar                       | 21.7                                                            | 6.8                                                             |                                                             2.5 |
| Chandigarh                  | NA                                                              | NA                                                              |                                                             2.8 |
| Chhattisgarh                | 26                                                              | 4.4                                                             |                                                             2.2 |
| Dadar Nagar Haveli          | NA                                                              | NA                                                              |                                                             1.9 |
| Daman and Diu               | NA                                                              | NA                                                              |                                                             0.6 |
| Delhi                       | 16.9                                                            | 6.4                                                             |                                                             2.4 |
| Goa                         | 17.1                                                            | 3.6                                                             |                                                             1.4 |
| Gujarat                     | 11                                                              | 4.7                                                             |                                                             1.4 |
| Haryana                     | 11.8                                                            | 2.7                                                             |                                                             3.2 |
| Himachal Pradesh            | 10.8                                                            | 1.4                                                             |                                                             1.6 |
| Jammu and Kashmir           | 22.2                                                            | 7.6                                                             |                                                             5.4 |
| Jharkhand                   | 22                                                              | 5.2                                                             |                                                             3.2 |
| Karnataka                   | 7.9                                                             | 1.7                                                             |                                                             1.2 |
| Kerala                      | 22.8                                                            | 2.7                                                             |                                                             0.8 |
| Lakshadweep                 | NA                                                              | NA                                                              |                                                             0.9 |
| Madhya Pradesh              | 29.2                                                            | 3.7                                                             |                                                             2.1 |
| Maharashtra                 | 13.5                                                            | 4.6                                                             |                                                             2.4 |
| Manipur                     | 26.9                                                            | 4.7                                                             |                                                             1.7 |
| Meghalaya                   | 28.8                                                            | 1.9                                                             |                                                             5.8 |
| Mizoram                     | 11.2                                                            | 4.1                                                             |                                                             2.2 |
| Nagaland                    | 18.4                                                            | 4.2                                                             |                                                             1.4 |
| Odisha                      | 22.5                                                            | 2.8                                                             |                                                             2.4 |
| Pondicherry                 | NA                                                              | NA                                                              |                                                             2.7 |
| Punjab                      | 14.4                                                            | 6.9                                                             |                                                             4.1 |
| Rajasthan                   | 22                                                              | 6.9                                                             |                                                             2.1 |
| Sikkim                      | 30                                                              | 5                                                               |                                                             0.3 |
| Tamil Nadu                  | 10.3                                                            | 3.7                                                             |                                                             2.8 |
| Telangana                   | NA                                                              | NA                                                              |                                                             2   |
| Tripura                     | NA                                                              | 14.2                                                            |                                                             2.6 |
| Uttaranchal                 | NA                                                              | 4.3                                                             |                                                             4.6 |
| Uttar Pradesh               | 21.1                                                            | 7.1                                                             |                                                             4.7 |
| West Bengal                 | 24.8                                                            | 13                                                              |                                                             3.3 |

Prevalence of symptoms of ARI in last two weeks preceding the survey