opensansad/lok-sabha-qa huggingface dataset:
Lok Sabha Question No. 2083 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-12-02
Subject: NCPUL
Ministry: HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: Manne Srinivas Reddy

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.2083 TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.12.2019

## NCPUL

## 2083. SHRI MANNE SRINIVAS REDDY:

Will the Minister of HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has set up National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language (NCPUL) to promote, develop and propagate Urdu language;
- (b)  if so, the details thereof;
- (c)  whether the Council has started its operation in Telangana; and
- (d)  if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (SHRI RAMESH POKHRIYAL 'NISHANK')

- (a) to (d)   Yes,  Sir.  National  Council  for  Promotion  of  Urdu  Language  (NCPUL)  was  set  up  as  an autonomous body by the Government in the  year 1996 to promote, develop and propagate Urdu  language.    For  this,  the  Council  runs  following  schemes  /  Certificate  and  Diploma courses for entire country which includes Telangana:
1.    One  year  Diploma  in  Computer  Applications,  Business  Accounting  and  Multilingual Desk Top Publishing (CABA-MDTP).
2. Two Year Diploma in Calligraphy and Graphic Design
3. One year Diploma in Urdu language
4. Vocational course (Providing Skill Development and Training Course).
5. Press Promotion (financial assistance to small and medium urdu newspapers).
6. Financial Assistance for seminar/lecture series, Mushaira, Publication of Manuscripts / Bulk purchase of books etc.
7.    Publication of books and Periodicals in Urdu language.
8. Academic Projects on preparation of dictionaries, terminologies, encyclopedia etc.
9. Organizing  International Conference and National Conference
10. Workshop on capacity building of Urdu Journalism.
11. Book Promotion through sales of Urdu books by organizing,/participating in book fairs and exhibitions across the country.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2081 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-12-02
Subject: NEET
Ministry: HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: Dean Kuriakose, Thomas Chazhikadan

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION

LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2081 TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.12.2019

## NEET

## 2081. ADV. DEAN KURIAKOSE: SHRI THOMAS CHAZHIKADAN:

Will the Minister of HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has a list of total number of students who appeared for the NEET-PG exam from the State of Kerala and the number of exam centres that were allotted for the exam in the State, the details thereof; (b) whether due to shortage of exam centres in the State of Kerala, many students were allotted centres in neighbouring States; (c) whether the Ministry has plans/ proposals to increase the number of test centres for the NEETPG examination in the State in order to reduce the hardships caused to students; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (SHRI RAMESH POKHRIYAL 'NISHANK')

(a): Yes, Sir. The information has been collected from Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and as per information, 10637 candidates were scheduled in Kerala for NEET - PG 2019. The test was held in 12 cities across the 57 test centres. (b): No, Sir. All candidate opting for Kerala or residing in the State of Kerala were allotted center in the State of Kerala in NEET PG 2019.

(c) & (d): For NEET PG 2020, test shall be conducted across 12 cities in the State of Kerala.  A total  of  11851  test  seats  have  been  allocated  for  the  State  of  Kerala  which  is  1214  more  in comparison  to  NEET  -  PG  2019. Considering  the  increase in  the  number  of  candidates  from  the State of Kerala as compared to last year, additional test centres shall be allocated  in NEET PG 2020 so as to accommodate most of the applicants from the State of Kerala within the State itself.

***
Lok Sabha Question No. 2080 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-12-02
Subject: CNG Gas from Paddy Stubble
Ministry: PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS
Asked by: Pashupati Nath Singh

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 2080 TO BE ANSWERED ON 2.12.2019

## CNG Gas from Paddy Stubble

†2080. SHRI PASHUPATI NATH SINGH:

## पेट्रोलियम और प्राक ृ लिक गैस मंत्री

Will the Minister of PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has examined the possibility of producing CNG gas from paddy stubble;
- (b) if so, the details thereof; and
- (c) the details of work undertaken in this regard including the outcome thereof?

ANSWER पेट्रोलियम और प्राक ृ लिक गैस मंत्री ( श्री धमेन्द्र प्रधान )

## MINISTER OF PETROLEUM & NATURAL GAS (SHRI DHARMENDRA PRADHAN)

(a) to (c): Compressed Bio-Gas (CBG) can be produced from biomass and organic waste sources including  paddy stubble. Compressed  Bio-Gas  has  properties similar to the commercially available natural gas and can be used as an alternative renewable fuel.

Government of India has launched Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation  (SATAT)  initiative  on  1.10.2018  to  promote  CBG  as  an  alternative,  green transport fuel for efficient management of biomass and organic waste. As part of the SATAT scheme, Public Sector Oil Marketing Companies, Gail (India) Limited and Indraprastha Gas Limited  had  launched  Expression  of  Interest  (EoI)  for  procurement  of  CBG  from  the entrepreneurs at an assured price.

Under  SATAT  initiative,  as  on  26.11.2019,  441  Letters  of  Intent  has  been  awarded  for production and supply of CBG. So far retail sale of CBG has commenced from two retail outlets.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2077 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-12-02
Subject: Currency Exchange Issues
Ministry: FINANCE
Asked by: Manoj Kumar Tiwari

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2077 ANSWERED ON 02.12.2019

## CURRENCY EXCHANGE ISSUES

## 2077. SHRI MANOJ TIWARI:

Will the Minister of FINANCE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has resolved all currency exchanges issues with Nepal;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) if not, the reasons therefor; and
- (d) the details of implementation procedure regarding the same?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF FINANCE (SHRI ANURAG SINGH THAKUR)

(a) to (d): Usage and exchange of Indian Currency notes of Rs. 100/- denomination and below is  permitted  in  Nepal.  Following  Government  of  India's  decision  in  November  2016  to demonetize  Indian  Currency  notes  of  Rs.  500/-  and  Rs.  1,000/-  denominations,  the  Nepal Rastra  Bank  has  disallowed  the  usage  of  high  denomination  Indian  currency  notes  (i.e. denominations above Rs. 100/-) in Nepal.

The Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) requested the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to permit individuals  to  carry  new  series  of  Indian  currency  notes  of  Rs.  200,  Rs.  500  and  Rs.  2000 denominations from India to Nepal. Subsequently, the RBI on 26.02.2019 made an amendment to  the  Foreign  Exchange  Management  (Export  and  Import  of  Currency)  Regulations  2015 thereby permitting an individual travelling from India to Nepal to carry RBI currency notes in Mahatma Gandhi (new) series of denominations of Rs.200/- and Rs.500/- up to a total limit of Rs. 25,000/-.

NRB also requested RBI to exchange the Specified Bank Notes (SBNs)/demonetized RBI currency notes in old series of Rs.500 and Rs.1000 denominations held by the NRB and the general public in Nepal. The matter relating to extending exchange facility of SBNs lying in the possession of Nepal and other neighbouring countries has been examined and it is decided that  action  may  be  taken  only  as  per  the  provisions  of  Specified  Bank  Notes  (Cessation  of Liabilities), Act 2017 and rules made thereunder.

******
Lok Sabha Question No. 2075 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-12-02
Subject: Old Pension Scheme
Ministry: FINANCE
Asked by: Sunil Kumar Pintu

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCIAL SERVICES

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2075 TO BE ANSWERED ON DECEMBER 2, 2019/AGRAHAYANA 11, 1941(SAKA) OLD PENSION SCHEME

2075.   Shri Sunil Kumar Pintu

Will the Minister of FINANCE be pleased to state:

(a) whether the Government proposes to implement old pension scheme for the new Central Government employees;

(b) if so, the details thereof along with the time by which it is likely to be implemented; and

- (c) if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

The Minister of State in the Ministry of Finance (Shri Anurag Singh Thakur)

(a) to (c): No, Sir. There is no such proposal under consideration of the Government.

The  Government  made  a  conscious  decision  to  shift  from  the  Old  Pension  Scheme  to  a Defined Contribution Pension Scheme, named as the National Pension System (NPS) due to rising and unsustainable pension bill.

*********

.
Lok Sabha Question No. 2074 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-12-02
Subject: Primary Education
Ministry: HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: Kaushalendra Kumar

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION & LITERACY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2074 TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.12.2019

## Primary Education

2074. SHRI KAUSHALENDRA KUMAR: Will the Minister of HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state: (a)  whether  the  NITI  Aayog  has  suggested  that  Primary  Education  may  be  given  to  private sector to reduce burden of salary to teachers and other infrastructures; and

- (b) if so, the details thereof and what is the opinion of the Government?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (SHRI RAMESH POKHRIYAL 'NISHANK')

- (a): No Sir.
- (b): Does not arise.

****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2073 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-12-02
Subject: Unemployment in Maharashtra
Ministry: LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
Asked by: Jaisiddeshwar Shivacharya Mahaswamiji

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2073

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 02 ND  DECEMBER, 2019

## UNEMPLOYMENT IN MAHARASHTRA

## 2073.  SHRI SHA. BRA. DR. JAI SIDDESHWAR SHIVACHRYA MAHASWAMIJI:

Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Government  proposes  to  provide  the  unemployed  with employment  in  view  of  growing  unemployment  in  Solapur  district  of Maharashtra;
- (b)
- if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether the Government is considering to start a big project in order to provide employment to the unemployed in Solapur, Maharashtra; and
- (d) if so, the time by which the said project is likely to start and other details in this regard?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE (IC) FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT (SHRI SANTOSH KUMAR GANGWAR)

(a) & (b): District-wise data is not maintained. However, employment generation coupled with improving employability is the priority of the Government. Government has taken various steps for generating employment in  the  country  including  Maharashtra  like  encouraging  private  sector  of economy,  fast-tracking  various  projects  involving  substantial  investment  and increasing public expenditure on schemes such as Prime Minister's Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment  Guarantee  Scheme  (MGNREGS),  Pt.  Deen  Dayal  Upadhyaya

Grameen  Kaushalya  Yojana  (DDU-GKY)  and  Deendayal  Antodaya  YojanaNational Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM) run by Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises, Ministry of Rural Development and Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs, respectively.  Employment generated through these schemes/ programmes  in Maharashtra to the extent available is given below:

| Schemes/Year                                                          |   2019-20 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|
| Estimated employment generated under PMEGP (As on 31-10-2019)[in No.] |  16992    |
| Persondays Generated under MGNREGS (As on 04-11-2019) [ in Crore]     |      3.81 |
| Candidates placed under DDU-GKY (As on 31-10-2019) [in No.]           |   5750    |
| Placement under DAY-NULM (As on 18-06-2019) [in No.]                  |  20482    |

Source: Concerned Ministries.

Further,  Pradhan  Mantri  Mudra  Yojana  (PMMY)  has  been  initiated  by Government inter alia for facilitating self-employment. Under PMMY collateral free  loans  uptoRs. 10 lakh, are extended to micro/small business enterprises and to individuals to enable them to setup or expand their business activities.

Government has implemented the National Career Service (NCS) Project which comprises a digital portal that provides a nation-wide online platform for the  job  seekers  and  employers  for  job-matching  in  a  dynamic,  efficient  and responsive manner and has a repository of career content to job seekers.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2072 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-12-02
Subject: Swayam Platform
Ministry: HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: Kirron  Kher

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION

LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2072 TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.12.2019

## Swayam Platform

## 2072. SHRIMATI KIRRON KHER:

Will the Minister of HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) the salient features of Swayam 2.0;
- (b)  the  number  of  students  enrolled  under  various  certificate  programme  in  Swayam,  yearwise; and
- (c)  the  steps  taken  by  the  Government  to  accord  access,  equity  and  quality  education  to students across India?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (SHRI RAMESH POKHRIYAL 'NISHANK')

- (a) The Key Features of SWAYAM 2.0 are Higher Scalability and Performance , Enhanced features for faculty and students , Improved assessment and evaluation,  Internationalization, Translation to Indian languages, Local chapters and mentors and Offering of On-line Degrees
- (b) Year wise Breakup of Students Enrollment for SWAYAM Certificate Courses:
- (c) Accesses to all SWAYAM Courses are free. 3800 Local chapters have been established in Educational institutions.  Local  Chapters  provide  a  platform  for  discussion  amongst  students and  faculty  about  enrolling  of  students,  facilitating  credit  transfer,  suggesting  new  courses, exam registration and helping students during the delivery of courses.

| Year             |   No. Of Courses | Enrollment   |
|------------------|------------------|--------------|
| 2016             |              247 | 6,67,763     |
| 2017             |              584 | 38,44,442    |
| 2018             |              862 | 36,83,978    |
| 2019             |             1172 | 42,88,886    |
| Total Cumulative |             2865 | 1,24,85,069  |

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 2071 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-12-02
Subject: Job Loss in Industrial Sector
Ministry: LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
Asked by: T.N. Prathapan

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT

## LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2071 TO BE ANSWERED ON 02.12.2019

## JOB LOSS IN INDUSTRIAL SECTOR

## 2071. SHRI T.N. PRATHAPAN:

Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to state:

- (a)whether the Government has taken cognizance of serious job loss due to financial crisis of industries in industrial sector and if so, the details thereof;
- (b)the  details  of  employment  happened  in  industrial  sector  for  the  last
- five years;
- (c)the details of job lost in this sector during the said period; and
- (d)the action taken/being taken by the Government in this regard?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE (IC) FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT (SHRI SANTOSH KUMAR GANGWAR)

- (a) to (c):   As per the Quarterly Employment Survey (QES)  conducted by Labour Bureau in eight major selected non-farm sectors,  establishments employing 10 or more workers of the economy, there was an increase in employment of 11.72 lakhs workers between January 2014 and October, 2017. However, QES data doesn't capture the employment data of new units which emerged after May, 2014.
- (d): Government  has  also  taken  various  steps  for  generating employment in the country like encouraging private sector of economy, fast-tracking various projects involving  substantial  investment  and increasing public expenditure on various schemes.

Government has also implemented the National Career Service (NCS) Project which comprises a digital portal that provides a nation-wide online platform for jobseekers and  employers  for job matching  in  a  dynamic,  efficient  and  responsive  manner  and  has  a repository of career content.

*******
Lok Sabha Question No. 175 (STARRED), answered on 2019-11-29
Subject: Cataract Surgery under Ayushman Bharat Yojana
Ministry: HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
Asked by: Satyadev Pachauri

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 175 TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 29 TH NOVEMBER , 2019 CATARACT SURGERY UND ER AYUSHMAN BHARAT Y OJANA

## *175. SHRI SATYADEV PACHAURI:

Will  the  Minister  of  HEALTH  AND  FAMILY  WELFARE  be  pleased  to state:

- (a) whether cataract is a major health issue across the country due to the condition in mines industry etc. and if so, the details thereof along with causes of cataract ;
- (b) the number of patients treated for cataract under the Ayushman Bharat Yoj
- (c) whether the Government is planning to withdraw cataract surgeries from Ayushman Bharat Yojana and if so, the reasons therefor; and
- (d)  the  steps  taken/propose d  to  be  taken  to  continue  the  facilities  for  the  s under the said scheme?

## ANSWER THE MINISTER OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE (DR. HARSH VARDHAN)

- (a) to ( d):  A statement is laid on the Table of the House

## STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 175* FOR 29 TH NOVEMBER , 2019

(a) As per the findings of the National Programme for Control of Blindness Visual Impairment survey (2015 - 19) conducted under the National Programme for Control of Blindness and Visual Impairment (NPCBVI) in the Ministry of Heal & Family Welfare, Cataract is the leading cause of blindness accounting for of the total blindness in the Country.

No Blindness survey has been conducted separately under NPCBVI on the people working in the mine industry. Hence, no data is available on the prev of cataract in the people working in mines industry separately.

Cataract  is  primarily  age  related  disease,  prevalent  in  50  plus  age population. T he major causes for occurrence of cataract are:

- i. Older age
- ii. Use of cortico steroid drugs/eye drops
- iii. High blood pressure
- iv. Diabetes
- v. too much sun exposure
- vi. Previous eye injuries
7. (b)  As  on  21.11.2019,  the  total  number  of  patients  treated  for  cataract Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB - PMJAY) are 2,63,974.
8. (c)  &  (d)  At  present,  treatment  for  cataract  is  available  under  AB - PMJAY  and beneficiaries are being treated for cataract in the empanelled hospitals.
Lok Sabha Question No. 169 (STARRED), answered on 2019-11-29
Subject: GM Crops
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: E. T. Mohammed Basheer

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 169

TO BE ANSWERED ON 29.11.2019

## GM Crops

- *169. SHRI E.T. MOHAMMED BASHEER:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has finally evolved a policy on Genetically Modified (GM) crops; and
- (b) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER FOR ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI PRAKASH JAVADEKAR)

- (a) to (b) A statement is laid on the Table of the House.

***

## STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO.  169  TO  BE  ANSWERED  ON  29.11.2019  REGARDING  GM  CROPS  BY  SHRI E.T. MOHAMMED BASHEER:

Genetically  Modified  (GM)  Technology  is  one  amongst  several  available technologies for crops    that has potential for yield enhancement, pest and disease  resistance  etc.  Department  of  Agriculture  Cooperation  and  Farmers Welfare supports research and release of GM crops, if it is conducted as per approved procedures and guidelines and in conformity with various rules and Environment

- (a) to (b) environmental safety measures prescribed under the (Protection) Act, 1986.

In  India,  there  is  a  well-established  regulatory  framework  for  approval  of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) as per 'Rules for the Manufacture / Use / Import/ Export and Storage of Hazardous Microorganisms, Genetically Engineered  Organisms  or  Cells',  1989  (Rules  1989)  established  under  the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

Evaluation of each application of GMO is done on a case-to-case basis after a thorough examination of health, environment, food and feed safety assessment studies  undertaken  in  a  systematic  and  scientific  manner  as  per prescribed guidelines, manuals and standard operating procedures stipulated by various regulatory agencies from time to time.

The  data  generated  by  the  applicants  is  reviewed  at  every  step  in  the development  process of Genetically Modified  (GM)  crops  by  various statutory  committees,  such  as  Institutional  Biosafety  Committee  (IBSC), Review  Committee  on  Genetic  Manipulation  (RCGM)  in  Department  of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology and Genetic Engineering Appraisal  Committee  (GEAC)  in  the  Ministry  of  Environment,  Forest  and Climate Change.

***
Lok Sabha Question No. 168 (STARRED), answered on 2019-11-29
Subject: Tigers  in  Bandipur  Forest
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: P. C. Mohan

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. *168

TO BE ANSWERED ON 29.11.2019

## Tigers in Bandipur Forest

## *168.  SHRI P.C. MOHAN:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether tigers in Bandipur forest are not having sufficient habitat space commensurate with their numbers;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether the Government is working on any action plan to resolve the issue; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

MINISTER FOR ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI PRAKASH JAVADEKAR)

- (a), (b), (c) & (d):A statement is laid on the Table of the House.

***

## STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (a), (b), (c) & (d) OF THE LOK  SABHA  STARRED  QUESTION  NO.  *168  ON  TIGERS  IN  BANDIPUR FOREST DUE FOR REPLY ON 29.11.2019

- (a) & (b) The Bandipur Tiger Reserve has sufficient habitat space commensurate with its  tiger  numbers.    Moreover,  the  Bandipur  Tiger  Reserve  is  part  of  the contiguous  Western  Ghats  Landscape  which  consists  of  the  Nagarahole  and Biligiri  Ranganathaswamy Temple Tiger Reserves in Karnataka, Mudumalai and  Sathyamangalam  Tiger  Reserves  in  Tamil  Nadu  and  the  Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary in Kerala, which provide for adequate dispersal of tigers in the  region.    Tiger  numbers  in  a  landscape  are  governed  by  their  carrying capacity which is kept under balance as per availability of habitat and prey.
- (c) & (d) Tiger  carrying  capacity  of  a  reserve  is  an  integral  component  of  the  Tiger Conservation  Plan  mandated  under  section  38V  of  the  Wildlife  (Protection) Act,  1972,  vis-à-vis  which  management  interventions  are  decided  upon  to ensure adequate habitat availability of tigers.

***