Lok Sabha Question No. 441 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-02-05
Subject: Storage of Foodgrains
Ministry: CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION
Asked by: LALLU SINGH

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD & PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION DEPARTMENT OF FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 441 TO BE ANSWERED ON 05 FEBRUARY, 2019

## STORAGE OF FOODGRAINS

## 441. SHRI LALLU SINGH:

Will  the  Minister  of  CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION miHkksDrk ekeys] [kk| vkSj lkoZtfud forj.k ea=h be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of the requirement and availability of foodgrains along with the present  storage  of  foodgrains  in  various  States  of  the  country  including  Uttar Pradesh;
- (b) whether foodgrains are getting damaged during storage and transportation due to various other reasons and if so, the measures taken by the Government to reduce such damage;
- (c) whether foodgrains are being damaged more due to shortage of warehouses; and
- (d) if  so,  the  steps  taken  by  the  Government  to  provide  warehouses  in adequate number?

## A N S W E R

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR  CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD & PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION (SHRI C. R. CHAUDHARY)

- (a): The stock of foodgrains in  the Central  Pool  as  on  01.01.2019  was  454.12 lakh  tons  against  the  corresponding  foodgrain  stocking  norms  in  the  central  pool (buffer norms) of 214.10 lakh tons for January-March quarter which includes 50 lakh tons  of  strategic  reserve.  The  State-wise  details  of  foodgrains  stock  held  by  the Food Corporation of India and State Agencies are at Annexure- I.
- (b): Foodgrains  procured  by  FCI  and  all  State  Government  Agencies  for  the central pool are stored in covered godowns as well as in Covered and Plinth (CAP). Some damage to foodgrains may result due to a various reasons including Natural Calamities  like  Cyclone/flood  etc.,  transit  damages  including  enroute  damage  in wagon/truck due to contamination, wagon roof leakage etc. Steps taken by FCI to prevent damage of procured foodgrains are at Annexure II.
- (c)& (d): There is sufficient capacity for storage of foodgrains in the country. On  the  basis  of  peak  stock  requirement  during  normal  procurement  season,  the overall storage capacity required for central pool foodgrains in the country is about 650  Lakh  Metric  Tonnes  (LMT).  Against  this,  the  total  storage  capacity  available with  Food  Corporation  of  India  (FCI),  Central  Warehousing  Corporation  (CWC)  and State Agencies (both owned and hired capacity), is 851.54 LMT (as on 31.12.2018) comprising  724.79  LMT  in  covered  godowns  and  126.75  LMT  in  Cover  and  Plinth (CAP) storage.

Government  is  implementing  various  schemes  to  address  the  requirement  of storage  facilities  in  specific  areas,  as  also  modernization  of  storage  facilities  to prevent storage losses. An action plan for construction of steel silos in the country for a capacity of 100 LMT in Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode for modernizing storage  infrastructure  and  improving  shelf  life  of  stored  foodgrains  is  also  under implementation.

****

## ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) OF THE UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 441 DUE FOR ANSWER ON 5 TH  FEBRUARY, 2019 IN THE LOK SABHA

## FOOD CORPORATION OF INDIA : HEADQUARTERS:

## TOTAL STOCKS OF FOODGRAINS IN CENTRAL POOL AS ON 01.01.2019

|                                                         | आँकड़े लाख मी�टक क म ( Figs. In lakh MT)   | आँकड़े लाख मी�टक क म ( Figs. In lakh MT)   | आँकड़े लाख मी�टक क म ( Figs. In lakh MT)   | आँकड़े लाख मी�टक क म ( Figs. In lakh MT)      | आँकड़े लाख मी�टक क म ( Figs. In lakh MT)      | आँकड़े लाख मी�टक क म ( Figs. In lakh MT)      | आँकड़े लाख मी�टक क म ( Figs. In lakh MT)           | आँकड़े लाख मी�टक क म ( Figs. In lakh MT)           | आँकड़े लाख मी�टक क म ( Figs. In lakh MT)           |
|---------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|
| �ेत Region                                              | भा॰ खा. � ॰ का सकटक STOCK WITH FCI        | भा॰ खा. � ॰ का सकटक STOCK WITH FCI        | भा॰ खा. � ॰ का सकटक STOCK WITH FCI        | राज् ऐ��्य का सकटक STOCK WITH STATE AGENCIES | राज् ऐ��्य का सकटक STOCK WITH STATE AGENCIES | राज् ऐ��्य का सकटक STOCK WITH STATE AGENCIES | के न्द् �यल म कु ल खाद्ा TOTAL CENTRAL POOL STOCK | के न्द् �यल म कु ल खाद्ा TOTAL CENTRAL POOL STOCK | के न्द् �यल म कु ल खाद्ा TOTAL CENTRAL POOL STOCK |
|                                                         | चावल RICE                                 | गेह WHEAT                                 | ्ोग TOTAL                                 | चावल RICE                                    | गेह WHEAT                                    | ्ोग                                          | चावल RICE                                         | गेह WHEAT                                         | ्ोग TOTAL                                         |
|                                                         | 2                                         | 3                                         | 4                                         | 5                                            | 6                                            | 7                                            | 8                                                 | 9                                                 | 10                                                |
| �बहार Bihar                                             | 1.83                                      | 3.36                                      | 5.19                                      | 0.01                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.01                                         | 1.84                                              | 3.36                                              | 5.20                                              |
| झारखण् Jharkhand                                        | 1.63                                      | 0.66                                      | 2.29                                      | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 1.63                                              | 0.66                                              | 2.29                                              |
| ओ�्शा Odisha                                            | 1.05                                      | 1.98                                      | 3.03                                      | 2.06                                         | 0.00                                         | 2.06                                         | 3.11                                              | 1.98                                              | 5.09                                              |
| �िशचम बंगाल West Bengal                                 | 0.73                                      | 4.85                                      | 5.58                                      | 1.83                                         | 0.00                                         | 1.83                                         | 2.56                                              | 4.85                                              | 7.41                                              |
| �यवर अंचल का ्ोग Zonal Total                            | 5.24                                      | 10.85                                     | 16.09                                     | 3.90                                         | 0.00                                         | 3.90                                         | 9.14                                              | 10.85                                             | 19.99                                             |
| अ�म Assam                                               | 1.57                                      | 0.06                                      | 1.63                                      | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 1.57                                              | 0.06                                              | 1.63                                              |
| अरुाचल प्ेश Arunachal Pr.*                              | 0.17                                      | 0.01                                      | 0.18                                      | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.17                                              | 0.01                                              | 0.18                                              |
| �त�ुरा Tripura                                          | 0.12                                      | 0.00                                      | 0.12                                      | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.12                                              | 0.00                                              | 0.12                                              |
| �मऐोरम Mizoram                                          | 0.17                                      | 0.00                                      | 0.17                                      | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.17                                              | 0.00                                              | 0.17                                              |
| मेघाल् Meghalaya                                        | 0.20                                      | 0.01                                      | 0.21                                      | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.20                                              | 0.01                                              | 0.21                                              |
| म�ु�ुर Manipur                                          | 0.30                                      | 0.00                                      | 0.30                                      | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.30                                              | 0.00                                              | 0.30                                              |
| ागाल�् Nagaland                                         | 0.22                                      | 0.00                                      | 0.22                                      | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.22                                              | 0.00                                              | 0.22                                              |
| �यव�त्र अंचल का ्ोग Zonal Total                         | 2.75                                      | 0.08                                      | 2.83                                      | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 2.75                                              | 0.08                                              | 2.83                                              |
| �्ललद Delhi                                             | 0.13                                      | 2.43                                      | 2.56                                      | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.13                                              | 2.43                                              | 2.56                                              |
| ह�र्ाुा Haryana                                         | 14.44                                     | 27.69                                     | 42.13                                     | 0.00                                         | 27.52                                        | 27.52                                        | 14.44                                             | 55.21                                             | 69.65                                             |
| �हमाचल प्ेश Himachal Pr.                                | 0.10                                      | 0.33                                      | 0.43                                      | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.10                                              | 0.33                                              | 0.43                                              |
| ऐममय और कशमीर J&K                                       | 1.29                                      | 0.63                                      | 1.92                                      | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 1.29                                              | 0.63                                              | 1.92                                              |
| �ंऐाब Punjab                                            | 62.12                                     | 19.02                                     | 81.14                                     | 0.00                                         | 69.40                                        | 69.40                                        | 62.12                                             | 88.42                                             | 150.54                                            |
| राऐस्ा Rajasthan                                        | 0.13                                      | 13.42                                     | 13.55                                     | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.13                                              | 13.42                                             | 13.55                                             |
| उत्र प्ेश Uttar Pr.                                     | 13.87                                     | 22.79                                     | 36.66                                     | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 13.87                                             | 22.79                                             | 36.66                                             |
| उत्राखण् Uttrakhand                                     | 0.55                                      | 0.42                                      | 0.97                                      | 0.63                                         | 0.01                                         | 0.64                                         | 1.18                                              | 0.43                                              | 1.61                                              |
| उत्र अंचल का ्ोग Zonal Total                            | 92.63                                     | 86.73                                     | 179.36                                    | 0.63                                         | 96.93                                        | 97.56                                        | 93.26                                             | 183.66                                            | 276.92                                            |
| आन् प्ेश Andhra Pr.                                     | 5.79                                      | 0.19                                      | 5.98                                      | 9.28                                         | 0.00                                         | 9.28                                         | 15.07                                             | 0.19                                              | 15.26                                             |
| क ारकक Karnataka                                        | 5.75                                      | 0.49                                      | 6.24                                      | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 5.75                                              | 0.49                                              | 6.24                                              |
| के रल Kerala                                            | 2.73                                      | 0.88                                      | 3.61                                      | 0.28                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.28                                         | 3.01                                              | 0.88                                              | 3.89                                              |
| ्�मल ा् Tamil Nadu                                      | 9.48                                      | 1.09                                      | 10.57                                     | 1.99                                         | 0.00                                         | 1.99                                         | 11.47                                             | 1.09                                              | 12.56                                             |
| ्ेलंगा ा Telangana                                      | 12.67                                     | 0.31                                      | 12.98                                     | 6.89                                         | 0.00                                         | 6.89                                         | 19.56                                             | 0.31                                              | 19.87                                             |
| ्��ु अंचल का ्ोग Zonal Total                            | 36.42                                     | 2.96                                      | 39.38                                     | 18.44                                        | 0.00                                         | 18.44                                        | 54.86                                             | 2.96                                              | 57.82                                             |
| गुऐरा् Gujarat                                          | 0.40                                      | 4.90                                      | 5.30                                      | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.40                                              | 4.90                                              | 5.30                                              |
| महाराषट Maharashtra                                     | 4.93                                      | 11.96                                     | 16.89                                     | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 4.93                                              | 11.96                                             | 16.89                                             |
| मध् प्ेश Madhya Pr.                                     | 0.08                                      | 2.62                                      | 2.70                                      | 4.30                                         | 51.62                                        | 55.92                                        | 4.38                                              | 54.24                                             | 58.62                                             |
| छत्ी�गग Chhattisgarh                                    | 2.23                                      | 0.46                                      | 2.69                                      | 6.61                                         | 0.00                                         | 6.61                                         | 8.84                                              | 0.46                                              | 9.30                                              |
| �िशचम अंचल का ्ोग Zonal Total                           | 7.64                                      | 19.94                                     | 27.58                                     | 10.91                                        | 51.62                                        | 62.53                                        | 18.55                                             | 71.56                                             | 90.11                                             |
| ्ोग Total                                               | 144.68                                    | 120.56                                    | 265.24                                    | 33.88                                        | 148.55                                       | 182.43                                       | 178.56                                            | 269.11                                            | 447.67                                            |
| * मिण््य म गेह Wheat lying in mandies                   | 0.00                                      |                                           |                                           | 0.00                                         |                                              |                                              |                                                   |                                                   | 6.45                                              |
|                                                         | 4.35                                      | 0.00                                      | 0.00                                      |                                              | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                         | 0.00                                              | 0.00                                              | 0.00                                              |
| ��रचाल म सकटक Stock in Transit महा्ोग Total (All India) | 149.03                                    | 2.10 122.66                               | 6.45 271.69                               | 0.00 33.88                                   | 0.00 148.55                                  | 0.00 182.43                                  | 4.35 182.91                                       | 2.10 271.21                                       | 454.12                                            |

2. Rice does not include unmilled paddy with FCI/State Agencies in terms of rice.

3.Total quantity of unmilled paddy with FCI and State Agencies =274.16 LMT (FCI 0.80 LMT; State Agencies 273.36 LMT). CMR that could be derived taking out-turn ratio as 67% = 183.69 LMT.

4. Format of stock position has been revised w.e.f. 1.9.2013.  In earlier format, rice included unmilled paddy lying with FCI and State Agencies in terms of rice, therefore, for any trend analysis of level of stocks with previous years, the figures in preceding note shall be added in the total stock of rice.

Fig. In lakh MT

| As on       | Operational Stock   | Operational Stock   | Operational Stock   | Strategic Reserve   | Strategic Reserve   | Grand Total   |
|-------------|---------------------|---------------------|---------------------|---------------------|---------------------|---------------|
|             | Rice                | Wheat               | Total               | Rice                | Wheat               |               |
| 1st April   | 115.80              | 44.60               | 160.40              | 20.00               | 30.00               | 210.40        |
| 1st July    | 115.40              | 245.80              | 361.20              | 20.00               | 30.00               | 411.20        |
| 1st October | 82.50               | 175.20              | 257.70              | 20.00               | 30.00               | 307.70        |
| 1st January | 56.10               | 108.00              | 164.10              | 20.00               | 30.00               | 214.10        |

STOCKING NORMS

w.e.f. 22.01.2015

## ANNEXURE-II ANNEXURE  REFERED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PART  (b)  OF  THE  UNSTARRED

## QUESTION NO. 441 DUE ON 05.02.2019 IN THE LOK SABHA

## STEPS TAKEN BY FCI FOR SAFE STORAGE OF PROCURED FOODGRAINS TO AVOID DAMAGE

Foodgrains are procured strictly in accordance with the uniform specifications communicated by Govt of India.

2. Foodgrains  procured  by  F.C.I.  and  State  Govts/Agencies  are  stored  in covered godowns as well as in CAP (cover and plinth).
3. During storage, the following steps are taken  for safe storage  and preservations of foodgrains:
3. (i) All godownsare  constructed as per specifications.
4. (ii) Foodgrains  are  stored  by  adopting  proper  scientific  code  of  storage practices.
5. (iii) Adequate  dunnage  materials such as wooden  crates,  bamboo  mats, polythene sheets are used to check migration of moisture from the floor to the foodgrains.
6. (iv) Fumigation covers, nylon ropes, nets and insecticides for control of stored grain insect pests are  provided in all the godowns.
7. (v) Prophylactic (spraying of insecticides) and curative treatments (fumigation) are  carried  out  regularly  and  timely  in  godowns  for  the  control  of  stored grain insect pests.
8. (vi) Effective rat control measures, both in covered godowns as well as in CAP storage are used.
9. (vii) Foodgrains  in  'Cover  and  Plinth'  (CAP)  storage  are  stored  on  elevated plinths  and  wooden  crates  are  used  as  dunnage  material.  Stacks  are properly  covered  with  specifically  fabricated  low-density  black  polythene water -proof covers and tied with nylon ropes/nets.

- (viii) Regular  periodic  inspections  of  the  stocks/godowns  are    undertaken  by qualified  and  trained  staff  and  all  senior  officers.  The  health  of  the foodgrains  is  monitored  at  regular  intervals  by  a  system  of  checks  and super  checks  at  different  levels.  Following  Checks  and  Super  checks  are conducted  in  the godowns  by  FCI  to  ensure  proper  preservation of foodgrains in the storage.
- (a) Fortnightly inspection of stocks on 100% basis by Technical Assistant.
- (b) Monthly inspection by Manager(QC)
- (c) Quaterly inspection by AGM(QC)
- (d) Super Checks by Regional, Zonal and FCI Hqrs Squads.
- (ix) The principle of 'First in First Out' (FIFO) is followed to the extent possible so as to avoid longer storage of foodgrains in godowns.
- (x) Only  covered  rail  wagons  are    used  for  movement  of  foodgrains  so  as  to avoid damage during transit.
- (xi) Damage Monitoring Cells have been set up at District, Regional and Zonal levels to regularly monitor quality of stocks and reduce damages.
- (xii) Identify & repair all the leakage point in the roof.
- (xiii) Cleaning of drainages in the godown premises ensured.
- (xiv) Ensure no seepage inside the godowns.
- (xv) No clogging up of water in the premises.
- (xvi) Immediate action to segregate & recondition of the stocks whenever it gets affected.

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