Lok Sabha Question No. 70 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-06-21
Subject: Industrialisation and Air Pollution
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: Janardan Singh Sigriwal

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA UN-STARRED QUESTION N0. 70

TO BE ANSWERED ON 21.06.2019

## Industrialisation and Air Pollution

## 70. SHRI JANARDAN SINGH SIGRIWAL:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Government  is  aware  of  the  fact  that  increasing  pollution  and  rapid industrialization is making India's air more toxic and if so, the details thereof;
- (b) whether it is a fact that there are around one lakh deaths every year due to breathing ailments;
- (c) if  so,  the  details  thereof  along  with  the  death  cases  due  to  air  pollution  reported  in various cities of the country including Delhi;
- (d) the details of Carbon dioxide concentration level in India's metro cities; and
- (e) the further measures taken/being taken by the Government to tackle such situation?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER FOR ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI PRAKASH JAVADEKAR)

- (a) Data of 43 million plus cities has been analysed for various pollutants during 20152017. Analysis of data revealed that SO2 levels were within the National Ambient Air Quality  Standard  (NAAQS).  With  respect  to  NO2,  14  cities  showed  an  increasing trend,  14  cities  showed  a  decreasing  concentration,  14  cities  showed  a  fluctuating trend and 1 city revealed steady concentration. With respect to PM10, 14 cities showed an increasing trend, 8 cities  showed a decreasing concentration, 21 cities showed  a fluctuating trend. With respect to PM2.5, trends are available for 15 cities and out of 15  cities,  05  cities  showed  an  increasing  trend,  04  cities  showed  a  decreasing concentration,  06  cities  showed  a  fluctuating  trend.  The  data  set  is  placed  at Annexure .
- (b) &  (c)  Air  pollution  is  one  of  the  triggering  factors  for  respiratory  ailments  and associated diseases. However, there are no conclusive data available in the country to establish direct correlation of death/disease exclusively due to air pollution.
- (d) Carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, is not monitored city-wise. As per India's Second Biennial Update Report (BUR) to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change  (UNFCCC),  the  net  national  Green  House  Gases  emissions  were  around 2.306 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2014.
- (e) The  Government  has  taken  several  steps  to  address  air  pollution,which inter  alia , includes the following:
-  notification of National Ambient Air Quality Standards
-  revision of emission standards for industrial sectors from time to time
-  setting up of monitoring network for assessment of ambient air quality
-  introduction of cleaner / alternate fuels like gaseous fuel (CNG, LPG etc.)
-  ethanol blending
-  launching of National Air Quality index
-  leapfrogging from BS-IV to BS-VI fuel standards
-  notification of Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules
-  banning of burning of biomass
-  streamlining the issuance of Pollution Under Control Certificate
-  issuance of directions under Section 18(1)(b) of Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and under Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 for controlling air pollution
-  installation of on-line continuous (24x7) monitoring devices by major industries
-  notification of Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) for Delhi and NCR
-  Comprehensive Action Plan (CAP) for air pollution control in Delhi and NCR
-  formulation of National Clean Air Programme (NCAP)
-  organization of clean air campaigns, etc.

****

Annexurereferred  to  in  reply  to  Lok  Sabha  Unstarred  Question  No.  70  due  forreply  on 21.06.2019 regarding 'Industrialization and Air Pollution' By Shri Janardan Singh Sigriwal, Hon'ble Member of LoK Sabha

Annexure

| Sl. No.   | State          | Cities               | 2015   | 2015   | 2015   | 2015   | 2016   | 2016   | 2016   | 2016   | 2017   | 2017   | 2017   | 2017   |
|-----------|----------------|----------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
| Sl. No.   | State          | Cities               | SO 2   | NO 2   | PM 10  | PM 2.5 | SO 2   | NO 2   | PM 10  | PM 2.5 | SO 2   | NO 2   | PM 10  | PM 2.5 |
| 1.        | Uttar Pradesh  | Agra                 | 4      | 22     | 186    | -      | 5      | 22     | 198    | -      | 4      | 19     | 185    | 124    |
| 2.        | Gujarat        | Ahmedabad            | 13     | 21     | 89     | 29     | 14     | 27     | 108    | 34     | 14     | 29     | 120    | 38     |
| 3.        | Uttar Pradesh  | Allahabad            | 4      | 26     | 250    | -      | 4      | 37     | 196    | -      | 4      | 40     | 140    |        |
| 4.        | Punjab         | Amritsar             | 11     | 30     | 148    | -      | 12     | 29     | 194    | -      | 11     | 27     | 168    | -      |
| 5.        | Maharashtra    | Aurangabad           | 13     | 40     | 83     | -      | 14     | 39     | 92     | -      | 10     | 33     | 83     | -      |
| 6.        | Karnataka      | Bangalore            | 6      | 20     | 119    | 54     | 3      | 31     | 103    | 51     | 2      | 31     | 92     | 46     |
| 7.        | Madhya Pradesh | Bhopal               | 3      | 23     | 158    | 105    | 3      | 15     | 89     | 27     | 4      | 15     | 93     | 41     |
| 8.        | Tamilnadu      | Chennai              | 13     | 20     | 59     | 22     | 10     | 18     | 65     | 25     | 9      | 17     | 62     | 32     |
| 9.        | Tamilnadu      | Coimbatore           | 4      | 25     | 47     | 30     | 6      | 24     | 59     | 35     | 5      | 26     | 49     | 34     |
| 10.       | Delhi          | Delhi                | 5      | 65     | 220    | 95     | 7      | 66     | 278    | 118    | 7      | 68     | 241    | 106    |
| 11.       | Jharkhand      | Dhanbad              | 12     | 37     | 168    | -      | 15     | 37     | 226    | -      | 15     | 37     | 238    | -      |
| 12.       | Maharashtra    | Dombivali/Amber nath | 20     | 53     | 104    | -      | 26     | 76     | 128    | -      | 27     | 70     | 176    | -      |
| 13.       | Haryana        | Faridabad            | 15     | 74     | 105    | 56     | -      | -      | -      | -      | -      | -      | -      | -      |
| 14.       | Uttar Pradesh  | Ghaziabad            | 23     | 37     | 260    | -      | 15     | 28     | 235    | -      | 22     | 34     | 280    | -      |
| 15.       | Madhya Pradesh | Gwalior              | 10     | 14     | 125    | 77     | 10     | 14     | 96     | 52     | 10     | 17     | 110    | 47     |
| 16.       | West Bengal    | Howrah               | 15     | 43     | 123    | 73     | 10     | 59     | 119    | 67     | 11     | 63     | 110    | 64     |
| 17.       | Telangana      | Hydrabad             | 4      | 23     | 93     | -      | 4      | 27     | 100    | 49     | 6      | 28     | 108    | 54     |
| 18.       | Madhya Pradesh | Indore               | 11     | 20     | 97     | -      | 11     | 20     | 95     | 54     | 11     | 21     | 80     | 43     |
| 19.       | Madhya Pradesh | Jabalpur             | 9      | 28     | 90     | 40     | 10     | 23     | 71     | 32     | 10     | 21     | 74     | 23     |
| 20.       | Rajasthan      | Jaipur               | 7      | 36     | 171    | -      | 8      | 33     | 199    | -      | 8      | 30     | 177    | -      |
| 21.       | Rajasthan      | Jodhpur              | 6      | 24     | 152    | -      | 6      | 23     | 168    | -      | 6      | 21     | 180    | -      |

## Air quality status of million plus cities for 2015, 2016 and 2017 (Annual average in µg/m 3 )

| Sl.   | State          | Cities          | 2015   | 2015   | 2015   | 2015   | 2016   | 2016   | 2016   | 2016   | 2017   | 2017   | 2017   | 2017   |
|-------|----------------|-----------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
| No.   | State          | Cities          | SO 2   | NO 2   | PM 10  | PM 2.5 | SO 2   | NO 2   | PM 10  | PM 2.5 | SO 2   | NO 2   | PM 10  | PM 2.5 |
| 22.   | Uttar Pradesh  | Kanpur          | 6      | 36     | 201    | -      | 7      | 39     | 217    | -      | 7      | 45     | 224    | -      |
| 23.   | West Bengal    | Kolkata         | 7      | 56     | 105    | 55     | 4      | 49     | 113    | 70     | 6      | 41     | 120    | 71     |
| 24.   | Rajasthan      | Kota            | 6      | 34     | 134    | -      | 7      | 30     | 109    | -      | 8      | 28     | 130    | -      |
| 25.   | Uttar Pradesh  | Lucknow         | 8      | 28     | 169    | -      | 8      | 27     | 214    | -      | 8      | 26     | 246    | 102    |
| 26.   | Punjab         | Ludhiana        | 11     | 27     | 139    | -      | 11     | 25     | 139    | -      | 10     | 28     | 162    | -      |
| 27.   | Tamilnadu      | Madurai         | 13     | 25     | 64     | 32     | 15     | 24     | 76     | 38     | 14     | 23     | 67     | 30     |
| 28.   | Uttar Pradesh  | Meerut          | 6      | 39     | 144    | -      | 7      | 55     | 157    | -      | 7      | 52     | 153    | -      |
| 29.   | Maharashtra    | Mumbai          | 4      | 25     | 106    | 26     | 6      | 30     | 119    | 20     | 3      | 18     | 151    | 40     |
| 30.   | Maharashtra    | Nagpur          | 10     | 25     | 90     | -      | 16     | 26     | 118    | -      | 9      | 27     | 102    | -      |
| 31.   | Maharashtra    | Nashik          | 15     | 23     | 78     | -      | 13     | 27     | 85     | -      | 12     | 22     | 81     | -      |
| 32.   | Maharashtra    | Navi Mumbai     | 18     | 42     | 125    | -      | 19     | 46     | 118    | -      | 22     | 45     | 105    | -      |
| 33.   | Bihar          | Patna           | 4      | 41     | 204    | -      | 4      | 32     | 212    | -      | 5      | 39     | 156    | -      |
| 34.   | Maharashtra    | PimpriChinchwad | 23     | 52     | 102    | -      | 32     | 71     | 105    | -      | 23     | 61     | 82     | -      |
| 35.   | Maharashtra    | Pune            | 23     | 62     | 99     | -      | 28     | 78     | 107    | -      | 21     | 65     | 102    | -      |
| 36.   | Chattisgarh    | Raipur          | 13     | 36     | 188    | -      | 12     | 31     | 148    | -      | 10     | 27     | 103    | -      |
| 37.   | Gujarat        | Rajkot          | 13     | 19     | 83     | 30     | 13     | 21     | 92     | 32     | 16     | 22     | 106    | 37     |
| 38.   | Jharkhand      | Ranchi          | 19     | 36     | 220    | -      | 20     | 37     | 196    | -      | 19     | 37     | 142    | -      |
| 39.   | Jammu& Kashmir | Shrinagar       | @      | @      | @      | @      | @      | @      | @      | @      | @      | @      | @      | @      |
| 40.   | Gujarat        | Surat           | 14     | 20     | 89     | 31     | 13     | 22     | 92     | 31     | 16     | 26     | 106    | 36     |
| 41.   | Maharashtra    | Thane           | 28     | 58     | 117    | -      | 18     | 60     | 122    | -      | 18     | 47     | 125    | -      |
| 42.   | Gujarat        | Vadodara        | 14     | 20     | 87     | 33     | 14     | 23     | 92     | 30     | 16     | 23     | 108    | 36     |
| 43.   | Uttar Pradesh  | Varanasi        | 19     | 33     | 145    | -      | 11     | 32     | 256    | -      | 10     | 38     | 244    | -      |
| 44.   | Maharashtra    | Vasai-virar     | NA     | NA     | NA     | NA     | NA     | NA     | NA     | NA     | NA     | NA     | NA     | NA     |
| 45.   | Andhra Pradesh | Vijaywada       | 6      | 37     | 110    | -      | 6      | 44     | 102    | -      | 6      | 29     | 99     | -      |
| 46.   | Andhra Pradesh | Vishakhapatnam  | 9      | 19     | 61     | -      | 8      | 18     | 77     | -      | 9      | 17     | 73     | -      |

NB. NA- no monitoring station in the city, @ -monitoring station sanctioned but not yet operational, '-' data not received, National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for Residential, Industrial, Rural and others Areas (Annual average) for SO2 = 50 µg/m 3 , NO2 = 40 µg/m 3 , PM10 = 60 µg/m 3 & PM2.5 = 40 µg/m 3 and SO2 = 20 µg/m 3 , NO2 = 30 µg/m 3 , PM10 = 60 µg/m 3 and PM2.5 = 40 µg/m 3 for Ecologically sensitive area . The data furnished in the table for year 2017 is as available on date.