Lok Sabha Question No. 3148 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-07-11
Subject: Ground Water Shortage
Ministry: JAL SHAKTI
Asked by: Anto  Antony

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF JAL SHAKTI, DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT & GANGA REJUVENATION

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO .3148

ANSWERED ON 11 .0 7.2019

## GROUND WATER SHORTAG E

## 3148. SHRI ANTO ANTONY:

Will the Minister of JAL SHAKTI be pleased to state:

- (a)  whether  the  Government  has  noticed  that  almost  every  State  in  the  country  is  fac shortage of water and every year the underground water level is decreasing;
- (b) if so, the details thereof and the steps taken by the Government in this regard;
- (c) whether the Government has conducted any study in this regard;
- (d) if so, the details and the outcome thereof;
- (e) whether climate change has made any impact in decreasing the level of undergroun d water and if so, the details thereof;
- (f) whether there is a report of United Nations that by 2030 the most precious thing i would be water and if so, the details thereof and the steps taken by the Government in thi
- (g) whether the Government is providing financial assistance for rain water harvesting; and
- (h) if so, the details thereof including the assistance given to the various States/ UTs the last five years, State/ UT - wise?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR JAL SHAKTI & SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT

## (SHRI RATTAN LAL KATARIA )

(a) to (f) The Dynamic Ground Water Resources of the country are being periodically asse jointly by Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) and State Governments. As per the 2017 assessm out of the total 6881 assessment units (Block/ Taluks/ Mandals/ watersheds/ Fi rkas) in the country, 1186 units in 17 States/UTs have been categorized as 'Over -exploited' where the total Current Annual Ground Water Extraction is more than Annual Extractable Ground Water Resource. Categorization of 'Over Exploited' Blocks/ Mandals/ Tal ukas in India (2017) are given at Annexure I .

Ground water levels in various parts of the Country are declining because of continuous due to reasons such as increased demand of fresh water for various uses, vagaries of rainfa population, industrialization & urbanization, less amount of recharge due to deficient rainf .

Central  Ground  Water  Board  is  periodically  monitoring  the  ground  water  levels  through Country on a regional scale, through a network of monitoring we lls. In order to assess the decline in water level on a long - term  basis,  Pre - monsoon  water  level  data  collected  by  CGWB  during  Pre -monsoon 2019 has been compared with the decadal average (2009 - 2018). Analysis of water level data (Annexure  II) indicates  that  about  61%  of  the  wells  monitored  have  registered  decl ground water levels .

Hon'ble Prime Minister has written a letter to all Sarpanchs on 08.06.2019 regarding the importance of water conservation and rainharvesting and exhorted th em to adopt all appropriate measures to make water conservation a mass movement.

Government of India has launched the Jal Shakti Abhiyan which is a time bound campaign mission mode approach intended to improve water availability including ground w ater conditions in the water stressed blocks.

Water being a State subject, initiatives on water management including conservation and recharge to ground water in the Country is primarily States' responsibility. Water resources projects includin g water harvesting/conservation projects are planned, funded, executed and mainta the  State  Governments  themselves  as  per  their  own  resources  and  priority.  The  other initiatives taken up are available at the following URL:

http://mowr.gov.in/sites/default/files/Steps\_to\_control\_water\_depletion\_Jun2019.pdf

(g)  &  (h) Financial assistance  for  construction  of  water  harvesting  structures  is  provided through schemes like Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) and Pradhan Mantri Sinchayee Yojana (Per Drop  More  Crop).  Under  MGNREGA,  water  conservation  and  water  harvesting  structures augment and improve ground water like underground dykes, earthen dams, stop dams, check with  special  focus  on  recharging  ground  water  including  drinking  water  source s re  permissible activities. The State wise funds released during last five years are given at Annexure - III .

As  per  information  received  from Department  of  Land  Resources ,  they  have sanctioned  8214 watershed development proj ects in 28 States (expect Goa) ( durin g the period 2009 - 10 to 2014 - 15) covering  an  area  of  about  39.07  million  hectare  under  Integrated  Watershed  Manag Programme (IWMP). IWMP was amalgamated as the Watershed Development Component (W DC ) of  the  Pradhan  Mantri  Krishi  Sinchayee  Yojana  ( PMKSY)  in  2015- 16.  The  activities  being undertaken  through  the  watershed  development  project  inter  alia  include  ridge  area  t drainage  line  treatment,  soil  and  moisture  conservation,  rain  water  harvesting,  nurs afforestation, horticultu re, pasture development, livelihoods for assetless persons, etc.

The State wise details of projects sanctioned, area covered by the projects and funds Central share to States under WDC - PMKSY are given at Annexure - IV .

referr ed  to  in  reply  to  part  (a)  to  (f)  of  Unstarred  Question  No.  3148 t o  be

Annexure answered in Lok Sabha on 11 .07.2019 regarding ' Ground water shortage '. Categorization of 'Over Exploited' Blocks/ Mandals/ Talukas in India (2017)

| S.No.   | States / Union Territories   | Total No. of Assessed Units   | Over -Exploited   | Over -Exploited   |
|---------|------------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------|-------------------|
| S.No.   | States / Union Territories   | Total No. of Assessed Units   | Nos.              | %                 |
|         | States                       |                               |                   |                   |
| 1       | Andhra Pradesh               | 670                           | 45                | 7                 |
| 2       | Arunachal Pradesh            | 11                            | 0                 | 0                 |
| 3       | Assam                        | 28                            | 0                 | 0                 |
| 4       | Bihar                        | 534                           | 12                | 2                 |
| 5       | Chattisgarh                  | 146                           | 0                 | 0                 |
| 6       | Delhi                        | 34                            | 22                | 65                |
| 7       | Goa                          | 12                            | 0                 | 0                 |
| 8       | Gujarat                      | 248                           | 25                | 10                |
| 9       | Haryana                      | 128                           | 78                | 61                |
| 10      | Himachal Pradesh             | 8                             | 4                 | 50                |
| 11      | Jammu & Kashmir              | 22                            | 0                 | 0                 |
| 12      | Jharkhand                    | 260                           | 3                 | 1                 |
| 13      | Karnataka                    | 176                           | 45                | 26                |
| 14      | Kerala                       | 152                           | 1                 | 1                 |
| 15      | Madhya Pradesh               | 313                           | 22                | 7                 |
| 16      | Maharashtra                  | 353                           | 11                | 3                 |
| 17      | Manipur                      | 9                             | 0                 | 0                 |
| 18      | Meghalaya                    | 11                            | 0                 | 0                 |
| 19      | Mizoram                      | 26                            | 0                 | 0                 |
| 20      | Nagaland                     | 11                            | 0                 | 0                 |
| 21      | Odisha                       | 314                           | 0                 | 0                 |
| 22      | Punjab                       | 138                           | 109               | 79                |
| 23      | Rajasthan                    | 295                           | 185               | 63                |
| 24      | Sikkim                       | 4                             | 0                 | 0                 |
| 25      | Tamil Nadu                   | 1166                          | 462               | 40                |
| 26      | Telangana                    | 584                           | 70                | 12                |
| 27      | Tripura                      | 59                            | 0                 | 0                 |
| 28      | Uttar Pradesh*               | 830                           | 91                | 11                |
| 29      | Uttarakhand                  | 18                            | 0                 | 0                 |
| 30      | West Bengal **               | 268                           | 0                 | 0                 |
|         | TotalStates                  | 6828                          | 1185              | 17                |
|         | Union Territories            |                               |                   |                   |
| 1       | Andaman & Nicobar            | 36                            | 0                 | 0                 |
| 2       | Chandigarh                   | 1                             | 0                 | 0                 |
| 3       | Dadra & Nagar Haveli         | 1                             | 0                 | 0                 |
| 4       | Daman & Diu                  | 2                             | 0                 | 0                 |
| 5       | Lakshdweep                   | 9                             | 0                 | 0                 |
| 6       | Puducherry                   | 4                             | 1                 | 25                |
|         | Total UTs                    | 53                            | 1                 | 2                 |
|         | Grand Total                  | 6881                          | 1186              | 17                |

## Note

Blocks

-Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Jharkhand, Kerala,

M.P., Manipur, Mizoram, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Taluks - Karnataka, Goa, Gujarat, Maharashtra

Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal Mandals -Andhra Pradesh, Telangana

Districts/Valley

-Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Himachal

Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Islands -Lakshadweep, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

Nagaland Firka-

Tamil Nadu

Region

-Puducherry

UT

-Chandigarh, Dadar & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu

Tehsil - NCT Delhi

*Uttar Pradesh:

There are total 820 block and 10 Cities

**The Ground Water reso urces assessment as on 2013

habeenconsidered for the state of West Bengal

A NNEXURE -II be answered in

Annexure referr ed to in reply to part (a) to (f) of Unstarred Question No. 3148 t o Lok Sabha on 11 .07.2019 regarding ' Ground water shortage '.

| S. No.   | Name of State        | No. of wells Analysed   | Rise   | Rise   | Fall   | Fall   | Wells showing no change   | Wells showing no change   |
|----------|----------------------|-------------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|---------------------------|---------------------------|
| S. No.   | Name of State        | No. of wells Analysed   | No     | %      | No     | %      | No                        | %                         |
| 1        | Andhra Pradesh       | 714                     | 194    | 27     | 518    | 73     | 2                         | 0.3                       |
| 2        | Arunachal Pradesh    | 18                      | 2      | 11     | 16     | 89     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 3        | Assam                | 230                     | 111    | 48     | 119    | 52     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 4        | Bihar                | 619                     | 195    | 32     | 419    | 68     | 5                         | 0.8                       |
| 5        | Chandigarh           | 12                      | 4      | 33     | 8      | 67     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 6        | Chhattisgarh         | 602                     | 237    | 39     | 352    | 58     | 13                        | 2.2                       |
| 7        | Dadra & Nagar Haveli | 18                      | 2      | 11     | 16     | 89     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 8        | Daman & Diu          | 11                      | 5      | 45     | 5      | 45     | 1                         | 9.1                       |
| 9        | Delhi                | 73                      | 36     | 49     | 37     | 51     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 10       | Goa                  | 64                      | 18     | 28     | 46     | 72     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 11       | Gujarat              | 657                     | 244    | 37     | 413    | 63     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 12       | Haryana              | 279                     | 94     | 34     | 184    | 66     | 1                         | 0.4                       |
| 13       | Himachal Pradesh     | 101                     | 81     | 80     | 20     | 20     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 14       | Jammu & Kashmir      | 204                     | 86     | 42     | 118    | 58     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 15       | Jharkhand            | 271                     | 103    | 38     | 168    | 62     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 16       | Karnataka            | 1098                    | 217    | 20     | 881    | 80     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 17       | Kerala               | 1427                    | 661    | 46     | 762    | 53     | 4                         | 0.3                       |
| 18       | Madhya Pradesh       | 1099                    | 532    | 48     | 567    | 52     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 19       | Maharashtra          | 1645                    | 401    | 24     | 1241   | 75     | 3                         | 0.2                       |
| 20       | Meghalaya            | 53                      | 39     | 74     | 14     | 26     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 21       | Odisha               | 1064                    | 730    | 69     | 334    | 31     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 22       | Pondicherry          | 6                       | 0      | 0      | 6      | 100    | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 23       | Punjab               | 245                     | 74     | 30     | 170    | 69     | 1                         | 0.4                       |
| 24       | Rajasthan            | 893                     | 301    | 34     | 588    | 66     | 4                         | 0.4                       |
| 25       | Tamil Nadu           | 612                     | 177    | 29     | 318    | 52     | 117                       | 19.1                      |
| 26       | Telangana            | 557                     | 188    | 34     | 366    | 66     | 3                         | 0.5                       |
| 27       | Tripura              | 75                      | 31     | 41     | 44     | 59     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| 28       | Uttar Pradesh        | 581                     | 157    | 27     | 423    | 73     | 1                         | 0.2                       |
| 29       | Uttarakhand          | 42                      | 15     | 36     | 27     | 64     | 0                         | 0.0                       |
| Total    | Total                | 13628                   | 5113   | 38     | 8357   | 61     | 158                       | 1.2                       |

Annexure referred to in reply to part (g) to (h) of Unstarred Question No. 3148 t o be answered in Lok Sabha on 11 .07.2019 regarding ' Ground Water Shortage '.

Water  conservation  and  Water  Harvesting fund  released under  Mahatma  Gandhi  National R uralEmployment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA).

Fund released to State/UT under MGNREGA (2016 - 17 to 2019 -20)

*Including Rs. 56268.00 lakh of failed FTOs of all NeFMS State/UT during financial year 2016 - 17.

| (Rs. in   | (Rs. in                     | (Rs. in    | (Rs. in     | (Rs. in    | (Rs. in    | (Rs. in    |
|-----------|-----------------------------|------------|-------------|------------|------------|------------|
| Sl No.    | States/UTs                  | 2014-15    | 2015-16     | 2016-17 *  | 2017-18 #  | 2018-19 $  |
| 1         | Andhra Pradesh              | 290314.10  | 307380.33   | 394021.19  | 512763.00  | 761458.36  |
| 2.        | Arunachal Pradesh           | 2704.16    | 4395.10     | 15675.99   | 20679.65   | 19800.64   |
| 3.        | Assam                       | 50023.46   | 87830.06    | 125459.79  | 112366.54  | 105037.23  |
| 4.        | Bihar                       | 95968.24   | 102412.26   | 166740.56  | 246888.44  | 289194.25  |
| 5.        | Chhattisgarh                | 150570.49  | 106341.30   | 223193.55  | 289885.21  | 308997.05  |
| 6.        | Gujarat                     | 35442.93   | 30598.72    | 64323.81   | 82505.07   | 106079.98  |
| 7.        | Haryana                     | 16715.29   | 12470.72    | 28771.33   | 30140.64   | 35625.15   |
| 8.        | Himachal Pradesh            | 35542.86   | 39610.32    | 38860.83   | 58684.46   | 78034.36   |
| 9.        | Jammu and Kashmir           | 52171.08   | 55801.83    | 80408.52   | 125417.69  | 79334.12   |
| 10.       | Jharkhand                   | 72433.41   | 97879.90    | 167914.17  | 135264.57  | 154629.50  |
| 11.       | Karnataka                   | 171687.07  | 99155.27    | 225864.88  | 295632.54  | 304975.56  |
| 12.       | Kerala                      | 158758.02  | 152633.88   | 158248.96  | 185406.40  | 235473.91  |
| 13.       | Madhya Pradesh              | 245163.12  | 236732.20   | 344891.62  | 376889.92  | 470364.71  |
| 14.       | Maharashtra                 | 79951.77   | 123834.73   | 165708.93  | 185828.74  | 201918.84  |
| 15.       | Manipur                     | 21997.13   | 25532.29    | 34370.41   | 15778.89   | 28698.66   |
| 16.       | Meghalaya                   | 27785.90   | 22182.56    | 86069.23   | 87060.44   | 79654.70   |
| 17.       | Mizoram                     | 11141.23   | 28517.36    | 14451.26   | 20081.04   | 40288.92   |
| 18.       | Nagaland                    | 11305.27   | 26665.95    | 50152.80   | 110492.88  | 19560.20   |
| 19.       | Odisha                      | 103530.34  | 147941.05   | 189526.84  | 219834.66  | 222418.39  |
| 20.       | Punjab                      | 18948.18   | 24533.37    | 49073.46   | 61895.86   | 60000.32   |
| 21.       | Rajasthan                   | 297609.87  | 269583.23   | 481816.86  | 472828.41  | 549230.58  |
| 22.       | Sikkim                      | 7386.41    | 8623.44     | 13262.56   | 10571.15   | 9762.58    |
| 23.       | Tamil Nadu                  | 378180.33  | 547037.47   | 455277.91  | 583166.13  | 498193.66  |
| 24.       | Telangana                   | 191996.00  | 182484.92   | 180684.74  | 253920.33  | 297094.62  |
| 25.       | Tripura                     | 63662.48   | 135894.19   | 101629.14  | 40440.50   | 44462.89   |
| 26.       | Uttar Pradesh               | 251341.40  | 269569.44   | 391584.94  | 369177.65  | 547575.02  |
| 27.       | Uttarakhand                 | 28636.22   | 45076.65    | 51435.08   | 71685.06   | 61194.75   |
| 28.       | West Bengal                 | 374495.29  | 471174.20   | 537722.79  | 592702.95  | 737344.61  |
| 29.       | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 1301.94    | 1035.72     | 801.40     | 966.07     | 761.93     |
| 30.       | Dadra andNagar Haveli       | 0.00       | 0.00        | 0.00       | 0.00       | 484.00     |
| 31.       | Daman & Diu                 | 0.00       | 0.00        | 0.00       | 0.00       | 0.00       |
| 32.       | Lakshadweep                 | 45.06      | 11.85       | 0.00       | 26.71      | 15.97      |
| 33.       | Puducherry                  | 739.69     | 1292.57     | 346.92     | 1569.03    | 1475.36    |
| 34.       | Goa                         | 137.95     | 246.82      | 425.85     | 56.05      | 48.83      |
|           | Total                       | 3247686.69 | 3664479.7 0 | 4838716.32 | 5570606.67 | 6259189.67 |

Annexure referr ed to in reply to part (g) to (h) of Unstarred Question No. 3148 t o be answered in Lok Sabha on 11 .07.2019 regarding 'Ground water shortage'.

State - wise  details  of  number  of  projects  sanctioned,  area  covered  by  the  projects  and released as Central s hare under WDC -PMKSY.

(Area in Million Ha, Amount in Rs Crore)

| Sl. No.   | State             | Sanctioned (from 2009 - 10 to 2014 -15) @   | Sanctioned (from 2009 - 10 to 2014 -15) @   | Central share released (from 2009 - 10 to 2018 - 19) #   |
|-----------|-------------------|---------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
| Sl. No.   | State             | Total No. Projects                          | of Area of the Projects                     | Central share released (from 2009 - 10 to 2018 - 19) #   |
| 1         | Andhra Pradesh    | 432                                         | 1.810                                       | 987.92                                                   |
| 2         | Arunachal Pradesh | 156                                         | 0.467                                       | 244.33                                                   |
| 3         | Assam             | 372                                         | 1.577                                       | 454.08                                                   |
| 4         | Bihar             | 123                                         | 0.612                                       | 151.31                                                   |
| 5         | Chhattisgarh      | 263                                         | 1.195                                       | 307.88                                                   |
| 6         | Gujarat           | 610                                         | 3.103                                       | 1288.64                                                  |
| 7         | Haryana           | 88                                          | 0.362                                       | 98.70                                                    |
| 8         | Himachal Pradesh  | 163                                         | 0.840                                       | 283.58                                                   |
| 9         | Jammu & Kashmir   | 159                                         | 0.652                                       | 230.82                                                   |
| 10        | Jharkhand         | 171                                         | 0.911                                       | 191.52                                                   |
| 11        | Karnataka         | 571                                         | 2.569                                       | 1872.94                                                  |
| 12        | Kerala            | 83                                          | 0.423                                       | 109.30                                                   |
| 13        | Madhya Pradesh    | 517                                         | 2.937                                       | 1409.87                                                  |
| 14        | Maharashtra       | 1186                                        | 5.128                                       | 2413.95                                                  |
| 15        | Manipur           | 102                                         | 0.491                                       | 149.10                                                   |
| 16        | Meghalaya         | 96                                          | 0.236                                       | 173.03                                                   |
| 17        | Mizoram           | 89                                          | 0.373                                       | 259.89                                                   |
| 18        | Nagaland          | 111                                         | 0.476                                       | 499.30                                                   |
| 19        | Odisha            | 310                                         | 1.700                                       | 1004.31                                                  |
| 20        | Punjab            | 67                                          | 0.314                                       | 60.42                                                    |
| 21        | Rajasthan         | 1025                                        | 5.764                                       | 2415.27                                                  |
| 22        | Sikkim            | 15                                          | 0.066                                       | 22.08                                                    |
| 23        | Tamil Nadu        | 270                                         | 1.368                                       | 924.94                                                   |
| 24        | Telangana         | 330                                         | 1.399                                       | 593.01                                                   |
| 25        | Tripura           | 65                                          | 0.213                                       | 200.21                                                   |
| 26        | Uttarakhand       | 65                                          | 0.346                                       | 131.08                                                   |
| 27        | Uttar Pradesh     | 612                                         | 3.045                                       | 808.49                                                   |
| 28        | West Bengal       | 163                                         | 0.693                                       | 178.15                                                   |
|           | Total             | 8214                                        | 39.07                                       | 17464.12                                                 |

Note:

1) WDC - PMKSY is not operational in the Union Territories.

2) There is no sanctioned project in Goa.