Lok Sabha Question No. 1937 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-12-21
Subject: Infant Casualties
Ministry: HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
Asked by: RAVINDRA KUMAR RAY

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1937 TO BE ANSWERED ON 21 ST DECEMBER, 2018

## INFANT CASUALTIES

## 1937. DR. RAVINDRA KUMAR RAY:

Will the Minister of HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether it is a fact that in rural areas of the country nearly seven lakh infants diseases which are curable;
- (b) whether pneumonia is the main cause behind such infant casualties;
- (c) if so, the total number of infants who died during the last three years, Statewise i Jharkhand; and
- (d) the steps taken by the Government to prevent infant deaths?

## ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE (SHRI ASHWINI KUMAR CHOUBEY)

- (a) to (c): As per the Sample Registration System (SRS) reports published by the Registrar General of India for the year of 2016, the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is 34 per 1,00 0 live births atnational level and it is 38 per 1,000 live births in rural areas.

The  major  causes  of  infant  mortality  in  India  as  per  the  SRS  reports  (2010 - 13)  are: Prematurity & low birth weight (35.9%), Pneumonia (16.9%), Birth asphyxia & birth trau (9.9%),  Other  n on- communicable  diseases  (7.9%),  Diarrhoeal  diseases  (6.7%),  Ill - defined  or cause  unknown  (4.6%),  Congenital  anomalies  (4.6%),  Acute  bacterial  sepsis  and  seve infections (4.2%), Injuries (2.1%), Fever of unknown origin (1.7%), All Other Remaining Ca (5.4%).

Infant Mortality Rate including Jharkhand as per Sample Registration System for la years ( 2014- 16) is placed at annexure .

- (d):       Health is a state subject, however to reduce Child Mortality, various progra schemes u nder Nat ional Health Mission are being implemented by States/ UTs and the Central government  provides  financial  assistance  to  States/  UTs  based  on  proposals  received  in Annual Program Implementation Plan (APIP).

Contd…..

- (1) Promotion of Institutional deliveries through cash incentive under Janani Suraksha Yojana and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK) which entitles all pregnant women delivering public health institutions to absolutely free ante - natal  check - ups,delivery  including Caesarean section, post - natal care and treatment of sick infants till one year of age.
- (2) Strengthening  of  delivery  points  for  providing  comprehensive  and  quality  Reproducti Maternal,  Newborn,  Child  and  Adolescent  Health  (RMNCH+A)  Serv ices,  ensuring  essential newborn  care  at  all  delivery  points,  establishment  of  Special  Newborn  Care  Units  (SNCU Newborn Stabilization Units (NBSU) and Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) units for care of sick and small babies. Home Based Newborn Care (HBNC) and Home Based Care of Young Children (HBYC) are being provided by ASHAs to improve child rearing practices.
- (3) Early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding for first six months and appropriate Infant an Child Feeding (IYCF) practices are promoted in con vergence with Ministry of Women and Child Development.  Village  Health  and  Nutrition  Days  (VHNDs)  are  observed  for  provision  of maternal and child health services and creating awareness on maternal and child care incl health and nutrition education. Mo thers'  Absolute Affection (MAA) programme for improving breastfeeding practices (Initial Breastfeeding within one hour, Exclusive Breastfeeding up months and complementary feeding up to two years) through mass media campaigns and capacity building o f health care providers in health facilities as well as in communities.
- (4) Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) is being supported to provide vaccination to childr against many life threatening diseases such as Tuberculosis, Diphtheria, Pertussis, Polio , Tetanus, Hepatitis B and Measles. 'Mission Indradhanush and Intensified Mission Indradhanush' has been launched to fully immunize children who are either unvaccinated or partially vaccinated; that have not been covered during the rounds of routine immunization for various reasons.
- (5) Name based tracking of mothers and children till two years of age (Mother and Child Track System)  is  done  to  ensure  complete  antenatal,  intranatal,  postnatal  care  and  comp immunization as per schedule
- (6) Rashtriya B al Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) for health screening, early detection of birth defec diseases, deficiencies, development delays and early intervention services has Operationalized to provide comprehensive care to all the children in the age group of 0 - 18 years in the community.
- (7) Nutrition Rehabilitation Centres (NRCs) have been set up at public health facilities to t manage the children with Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) admitted with medical complications.
- (8) Iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation for the prevention of anaemia among the vulnerable age groups, home visits by ASHAs to promote exclusive breast feeding and promote use of OR and Zinc for management of diarrhoea in children.
- (9) Health  and  nutrition  education  through  Informa tion,  Education  &  Communication  (IEC)  and Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) to promote healthy practices and create awareness to generate demand and improve service uptake.
- (10) Capacity building of health care providers: Various trainings are being conduct ed to build and upgrade the skills of health care providers in basic and comprehensive obstetric care of during pregnancy, delivery and essential new - born care.

......................

## Annexure

| Infant Mortality Rate (per 1000 live births ) (2014 - 2016)   | Infant Mortality Rate (per 1000 live births ) (2014 - 2016)   |   Infant Mortality Rate (per 1000 live births ) (2014 - 2016) |   Infant Mortality Rate (per 1000 live births ) (2014 - 2016) |   Infant Mortality Rate (per 1000 live births ) (2014 - 2016) |
|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|
| S. No .                                                       | India/States/UTs                                              |                                                          2014 |                                                          2015 |                                                          2016 |
|                                                               | India                                                         |                                                            39 |                                                            37 |                                                            34 |
| 1                                                             | Andhra Pradesh                                                |                                                            39 |                                                            37 |                                                            34 |
| 2                                                             | Assam                                                         |                                                            49 |                                                            47 |                                                            44 |
| 3                                                             | Bihar                                                         |                                                            42 |                                                            42 |                                                            38 |
| 4                                                             | Chhattisgarh                                                  |                                                            43 |                                                            41 |                                                            39 |
| 5                                                             | Delhi                                                         |                                                            20 |                                                            18 |                                                            18 |
| 6                                                             | Gujarat                                                       |                                                            35 |                                                            33 |                                                            30 |
| 7                                                             | Haryana                                                       |                                                            36 |                                                            36 |                                                            33 |
| 8                                                             | Himachal Pradesh                                              |                                                            32 |                                                            28 |                                                            25 |
| 9                                                             | Jammu & Kashmir                                               |                                                            34 |                                                            26 |                                                            24 |
| 10                                                            | Jharkhand                                                     |                                                            34 |                                                            32 |                                                            29 |
| 11                                                            | Karnataka                                                     |                                                            29 |                                                            28 |                                                            24 |
| 12                                                            | Kerala                                                        |                                                            12 |                                                            12 |                                                            10 |
| 13                                                            | Madhya Pradesh                                                |                                                            52 |                                                            50 |                                                            47 |
| 14                                                            | Maharashtra                                                   |                                                            22 |                                                            21 |                                                            19 |
| 15                                                            | Odisha                                                        |                                                            49 |                                                            46 |                                                            44 |
| 16                                                            | Punjab                                                        |                                                            24 |                                                            23 |                                                            21 |
| 17                                                            | Rajasthan                                                     |                                                            46 |                                                            43 |                                                            41 |
| 18                                                            | Tamil Nadu                                                    |                                                            20 |                                                            19 |                                                            17 |
| 19                                                            | Telangana                                                     |                                                            35 |                                                            34 |                                                            31 |
| 20                                                            | Uttar Pradesh                                                 |                                                            48 |                                                            46 |                                                            43 |
| 21                                                            | West Bengal                                                   |                                                            28 |                                                            26 |                                                            25 |
| 22                                                            | Arunachal Pradesh                                             |                                                            30 |                                                            30 |                                                            36 |
| 23                                                            | Goa                                                           |                                                            10 |                                                             9 |                                                             8 |
| 24                                                            | Manipur                                                       |                                                            11 |                                                             9 |                                                            11 |
| 25                                                            | Meghalaya                                                     |                                                            46 |                                                            42 |                                                            39 |
| 26                                                            | Mizoram                                                       |                                                            32 |                                                            32 |                                                            27 |
| 27                                                            | Nagaland                                                      |                                                            14 |                                                            12 |                                                            12 |
| 28                                                            | Sikkim                                                        |                                                            19 |                                                            18 |                                                            16 |
| 29                                                            | Tripura                                                       |                                                            21 |                                                            20 |                                                            24 |
| 30                                                            | Uttarakhand                                                   |                                                            33 |                                                            34 |                                                            38 |
| 31                                                            | Andaman & Nicobar Islands                                     |                                                            22 |                                                            20 |                                                            16 |
| 32                                                            | Chandigarh                                                    |                                                            23 |                                                            21 |                                                            14 |
| 33                                                            | Dadra & Nagar Haveli                                          |                                                            26 |                                                            21 |                                                            17 |
| 34                                                            | Daman & Diu                                                   |                                                            18 |                                                            18 |                                                            19 |
| 35                                                            | Lakshadweep                                                   |                                                            20 |                                                            20 |                                                            19 |
| 36                                                            | Puducherry                                                    |                                                            14 |                                                            11 |                                                            10 |