Lok Sabha Question No. 4290 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-01-07
Subject: Evaluation of SSA
Ministry: HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: JYOTIRADITYA MADHAVRAO SCINDIA

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION AND LITERACY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.4290 TO BE ANSWERED ON 7 th  JANUARY, 2019

## Evaluation of SSA

## 4290. SHRI JYOTIRADITYA M. SCINDIA:

Will the Minister of HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

(a)  whether  the  Government  has  conducted  any  evaluation  of  the  Sarva  Shiksha  Abhiyan  (SSA) since its inception;

- (b) if so, the details and the outcome thereof;
- (c) whether SSA has failed to achieve targets during the last four years;
- (d) if so, the reasons therefor; and

(e) the steps taken/being taken by the Government for the effective implementation of the SSA?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (DR. SATYA PAL SINGH)

(a) to (e):    The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, mandates that every child of the age of 6-14 years shall have the right to free and compulsory education in a neighbourhood  school  till  the  completion  of  his  or  her  elementary  education.  The  erstwhile Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) had been designated as the vehicle to support States and UTs in implementing the provisions of RTE Act, 2009.  Now, the provisions of  RTE  Act  2009  are  implemented  through  the  Samagra  Shiksha  which  subsumes  the  erstwhile schemes of SSA, Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) and Teacher Education (TE) from  2018-19.      Samagra  Shiksha  is  an  overarching  programme  for  the  school  education  sector extending from pre-school to class XII and aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education at all levels of school education.

The  Centrally  Sponsored  Scheme  of  SSA/Samagra  Shiksha has  an  inbuilt  concurrent evaluation  and  monitoring  system. The  Ministry  of  Human  Resource  Development  convenes periodic  meetings  with  State  Education  Ministers  and  Secretaries  to  review  the  programmes. Educational data is collected through a Unified District Information System for Education (UDISE) every  year  to  assess  the  progress.   A  National  Achievement  Survey  (NAS)  across  all  States  and UTs was conducted on 13.11.2017 to assess the learning achievement of students of classes 3, 5 and  8.  The  status  of  these  evaluations  and  monitoring  is  placed  in  the  public  domain  on  the

Ministry's website. Further, an All India Performance Audit on Implementation of RTE Act. 2009 was conducted by the Comptroller & Auditor General of India (C&AG) for the period extending from 2010-11 to 2015-16 and accordingly Report No. 23 of 2017 has been laid on the Table of the Parliament  on  21.07.2017.    An  independent  third  party  evaluation  of  the  SSA  Scheme  was  also conducted in 2017-18. It has pointed out that SSA achieved considerable success in universalizing access and strengthening of infrastructure in schools. It has appreciated the enhanced focus of SSA on quality of education in recent years.

The  financial  assistance  is  provided  to  States  and  UTs  for  implementation  of  the interventions  under  SSA/Samagra  Shiksha.    Accordingly,  the  annual  plans  under SSA/Samagra Shiksha are prepared by the States and UTs based on their requirements and priority  and this is reflected  in  their  respective  Annual  Work  Plan  and  Budget  (AWP&B).  These  plans  are  then appraised and approved/estimated in consultation with the States and UTs as per the programmatic and financial norms of the scheme and availability of budgetary resources.

Since the inception of SSA in 2001 till 2017-18, sanction has been  given for opening of 3.64  lakh  new  elementary  schools  and  for  construction  of  3,12,747  school  buildings,  18,89,689 additional classrooms,  2,40,564 drinking water facilities and 10,63,164 school toilets.  States and UTs  have  reported  opening  up  of  3.59  lakh  new  elementary  schools,  construction  of  2,95,382 school buildings, 18,08,452 additional classrooms, 2,33,956 drinking water facilities and 10,11,518 toilets  as  on  30.09.2018.   The  statement  showing  the  State  and  UT-wise  details  on  cumulative sanctions  and  the  achievements  on  primary  and  upper  primary  schools,  additional  class  room, drinking water facilities and toilets since its inception is at Annexure .

To  ensure  effective  utilization  of  funds  under  SSA/Samagra  Shiksha,  there  is  robust monitoring system in place to review the physical and financial progress of approved interventions through monthly/quarterly reports, annual audit by independent Chartered Accountants empanelled with  the  Comptroller  and  Auditor  General  (CAG)  of  India,  a  regular  CAG  audit,  a  system  of concurrent financial reviews, as well as regular internal audit and regular Review Meetings with all States/UTs are held for monitoring the optimum utilization of funds.  The Shagun portal has been launched  to  create  a  repository  of  best  practices  from  the  States  and  UTs  and  to  enable  online monitoring of implementation of the RTE Act, 2009.

In order to focus on quality of education, the Central RTE Rules have been amended on 20 th February, 2017 to include reference on class-wise, subject-wise Learning Outcomes. The Learning Outcomes  for  each  class  in  Languages  (Hindi,  English  and  Urdu),  Mathematics,  Environmental Studies, Science and Social Science up to the elementary stage have, accordingly, been finalized and shared with all States and UTs. These learning outcomes serve as a guideline for States and UTs to ensure that all children acquire appropriate learning level.  A National Achievement Survey (NAS) was conducted on 13th November, 2017 through which the learning levels of around 22 lakh students of Classes III, V and VIII from 1.10 lakh schools across 701 districts in all 36 States and UTs  were  assessed.  This  competency  based  assessment  was  based  on  the  Learning  Outcomes developed by the NCERT. District report cards (provisional) for NAS 2017 have been released by this Department and are available on MHRD website. Through NAS it is for the first time that the teachers have a tool to understand what exactly the child should be learning in various classes, how to  teach  this  through  activities  and  how  to  measure  and  ensure  that  children  have  reached  the required level.   In addition, the RTE Act, 2009 was amended in 2017 to ensure that all teachers acquire the minimum qualifications prescribed under the Act by 31st March 2019 to reinforce the Government's emphasis on improvement of quality of elementary education. The National Institute of  Open  schooling  (NIOS)  has  been  entrusted  to  conduct  this  training  through  Open  Distance Learning (ODL) mode.

****

## ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) TO (e) OF LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 4290 FOR ANSWER ON 07.01.2019 ASKED BY SHRI JYOTIRADITYA M. SCINDIA REGARDING EVALUATION OF SSA.

The statement showing cumulative physical progress of school infrastructures for elementary schools under Samagra Shiksha.

| Sl. No.          | State              | Primary School   | Primary School   | Upper Primary School   | Upper Primary School   | Additional Classrooms   | Additional Classrooms   | Drinking Water   | Drinking Water   | Boys Toilets   | Boys Toilets   | Separate Girls Toilets   | Separate Girls Toilets   |
|------------------|--------------------|------------------|------------------|------------------------|------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------|------------------|------------------|----------------|----------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|
| Sl. No.          | State              | Target           | Achievement      | Target                 | Achievement            | Target                  | Achievement             | Target           | Achievement      | Target         | Achievement    | Target                   | Achievement              |
| 1                | Andaman Nicobar    | 8                | 6                | 0                      | 0                      | 294                     | 253                     | 83               | 83               | 91             | 91             | 0                        | 0                        |
| 2                | Andhra Pradesh     | 3408             | 3408             | 1047                   | 1045                   | 70204                   | 69795                   | 7143             | 6895             | 15336          | 15227          | 18525                    | 18408                    |
| 3                | Arunachal Pradesh  | 1833             | 1833             | 540                    | 540                    | 5439                    | 5406                    | 1891             | 1891             | 2072           | 2072           | 3322                     | 3322                     |
| 4                | Assam              | 11012            | 10939            | 1192                   | 1192                   | 72504                   | 70101                   | 788              | 788              | 17414          | 15238          | 41840                    | 41508                    |
| 5                | Bihar              | 18797            | 15053            | 544                    | 532                    | 297984                  | 276183                  | 25711            | 25324            | 46750          | 46645          | 36296                    | 36181                    |
| 6                | Chandigarh         | 27               | 25               | 10                     | 10                     | 304                     | 177                     | 0                | 0                | 12             | 12             | 0                        | 0                        |
| 7                | Chhattisgarh       | 10632            | 10081            | 8807                   | 8512                   | 51309                   | 48340                   | 3666             | 3637             | 11192          | 10468          | 35454                    | 32183                    |
| 8                | Dadra Nagar Haveli | 60               | 60               | 0                      | 0                      | 678                     | 510                     | 91               | 91               | 75             | 75             | 258                      | 258                      |
| 9                | Daman Diu          | 8                | 8                | 6                      | 4                      | 114                     | 79                      | 80               | 80               | 53             | 53             | 27                       | 27                       |
| 10               | Delhi              | 13               | 13               | 0                      | 0                      | 3039                    | 2556                    | 68               | 68               | 667            | 637            | 724                      | 613                      |
| 11               | Goa                | 0                | 0                | 0                      | 0                      | 227                     | 173                     | 637              | 637              | 611            | 606            | 644                      | 635                      |
| 12               | Gujarat            | 835              | 835              | 0                      | 0                      | 76423                   | 74393                   | 5089             | 5089             | 20809          | 20540          | 18877                    | 18355                    |
| 13               | Haryana            | 1019             | 967              | 1389                   | 1326                   | 30111                   | 29516                   | 6117             | 5442             | 8061           | 7922           | 11812                    | 11733                    |
| 14               | Himachal Pradesh   | 96               | 89               | 44                     | 23                     | 11494                   | 11397                   | 2491             | 2480             | 4672           | 4670           | 9982                     | 9976                     |
| 15               | Jammu & Kashmir    | 10651            | 9411             | 1174                   | 1038                   | 24867                   | 19598                   | 2745             | 2226             | 9174           | 4540           | 18264                    | 18075                    |
| 16               | Jharkhand          | 19448            | 19210            | 10224                  | 10004                  | 108401                  | 105116                  | 7329             | 7329             | 8239           | 8239           | 16568                    | 16568                    |
| 17               | Karnataka          | 3740             | 3738             | 16                     | 11                     | 57279                   | 56960                   | 22861            | 22861            | 27520          | 24640          | 24818                    | 24683                    |
| 18               | Kerala             | 538              | 534              | 54                     | 42                     | 8546                    | 8484                    | 10682            | 10338            | 12368          | 12032          | 7903                     | 7662                     |
| 19               | Lakshadweep        | 7                | 1                | 2                      | 1                      | 25                      | 19                      | 30               | 5                | 30             | 9              | 10                       | 9                        |
| 20               | Madhya Pradesh     | 28055            | 26784            | 20120                  | 19466                  | 127309                  | 119123                  | 18723            | 18669            | 31484          | 30767          | 62747                    | 61176                    |
| 21               | Maharashtra        | 12981            | 12981            | 5052                   | 5052                   | 80459                   | 78301                   | 8407             | 7586             | 12443          | 11812          | 23215                    | 22734                    |
| 22               | Manipur            | 1032             | 728              | 328                    | 119                    | 3592                    | 3140                    | 746              | 667              | 1368           | 1359           | 4209                     | 4209                     |
| 23               | Meghalaya          | 2834             | 2744             | 1330                   | 1243                   | 7666                    | 7306                    | 2991             | 2991             | 4378           | 4378           | 5295                     | 5295                     |
| 24               | Mizoram            | 803              | 699              | 646                    | 614                    | 2019                    | 1979                    | 1770             | 1770             | 3642           | 3633           | 3329                     | 3323                     |
| 25               | Nagaland           | 447              | 410              | 545                    | 532                    | 4776                    | 4770                    | 1789             | 1789             | 2392           | 2392           | 2394                     | 2394                     |
| 26               | Odisha             | 10379            | 9792             | 9242                   | 9056                   | 77039                   | 74379                   | 7343             | 7204             | 15070          | 13079          | 49915                    | 48033                    |
| 27               | Puducherry         | 5                | 4                | 2                      | 2                      | 506                     | 497                     | 345              | 345              | 312            | 312            | 132                      | 132                      |
| 28               | Punjab             | 678              | 579              | 859                    | 857                    | 31209                   | 28142                   | 17737            | 17737            | 18501          | 18501          | 6352                     | 6172                     |
| 29               | Rajasthan          | 6888             | 6751             | 3212                   | 3165                   | 95523                   | 93561                   | 23283            | 23283            | 34235          | 34235          | 9962                     | 9962                     |
| 30               | Sikkim             | 56               | 56               | 59                     | 59                     | 605                     | 604                     | 660              | 654              | 886            | 866            | 608                      | 598                      |
| 31               | Tamil Nadu         | 2740             | 2740             | 5804                   | 5803                   | 38707                   | 38647                   | 17330            | 17330            | 24808          | 24580          | 24313                    | 24040                    |
| 32               | Telangana          | 4600             | 4600             | 913                    | 913                    | 38865                   | 38757                   | 7082             | 6747             | 13790          | 10631          | 12216                    | 12216                    |
| 33               | Tripura            | 1406             | 1406             | 636 30880              | 618 30588              | 5894                    | 5804                    | 15315            | 1207             | 1451 21105     | 1449           | 3745                     | 3744 11306               |
| 34 Uttarakhand   | Uttar Pradesh      | 31729 3521       | 31394 2619       | 2232                   | 1751                   | 314718 9264             | 312486 8786             | 1207 6295        | 14548 6160       | 4903           | 17918 4830     | 12856 16001              | 15735                    |
| 35 36            | West Bengal        | 10682            | 7390             | 4870                   | 3376                   | 232296                  | 213114                  |                  | 10005            | 23437          | 22399          | 39785                    | 38,945                   |
| Total Elementary |                    |                  |                  |                        |                        |                         |                         | 12039            |                  |                |                |                          |                          |
|                  |                    | 200968           | 187888           | 111779                 | 107494                 | 1889689                 | 1808452                 | 240564           | 233956           | 399351         | 376857         | 522398                   | 510210                   |