Lok Sabha Question No. 4417 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-01-08
Subject: Contribution of Agricultural Research Institutes
Ministry: AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
Asked by: LAXMI NARAYAN YADAV

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 4417

TO BE ANSWERED ON 08/01/2019

## CONTRIBUTION OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES

## 4417.  SHRI LAXMI NARAYAN YADAV:

## Will the Minister of AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE

d`f"k vkSj fdlku dY;k.k ea=h be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  agricultural  research  and  development  institutes  are  functioning  for  the development of agriculture in Madhya Pradesh;
- (b) if so, the details thereof, location-wise; and

(c) the details of the works carried out by the said institutes for the development of agriculture during the last three years?

## A N S W E R

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE d`f'k vkSj fdlku dY;k.k ea=ky; esa jkT; ea=h

## (SHRI GAJENDRA SINGH SHEKHAWAT)

(a) & (b): There are a number of centrally funded ICAR institutes working in Madhya Pradesh,  viz.,  Indian  Institute  of  Soybean  Research,  Indore;  Indian  Institute  of  Soil Science, Bhopal; Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal; National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal and Directorate of Weed Science Research, Jabalpur.  Besides,  Agricultural  Technology  Application  Research  Institute  (ATARI) formerly known as Zonal Coordinating Unit (ZCU) at Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, campus Jabalpur. The ATARI  coordinates and monitors technology application and Frontline Extension Education Programs in 52 KVKs in Madhya Pradesh by strengthening agricultural extension research and knowledge management.  ATARI is involved in assessment, refinement and demonstration of technologies are carried out by the KVKs  with  technological backstopping from SAUs  and  ICAR  Institutes in partnership  with  farmers  and  other  stakeholders  the  Government  also  provides  partial funding  support  to  various  state  agricultural  universities  working  in  Madhya  Pradesh

include  Jawaharlal  Nehru  Krishi  Vishvavidyala,  Jabalpur;  Rajmata  Vijayaraje  Scindia Krishi  Vishwavidyalaya,  Gwalior;  Nanaji  Deshmukh  Veterinary  Science  University, Jabalpur.  Besides these, 9 All India Coordinated Research Projects/Network Projects and several  other  centers  of  different  AICRPs/NPs  working  under  commodity  based  ICAR Research  Institutes  and  State  Agricultural  Universities  based  in  Madhya  Pradesh  are engaged  in  varietal/  technology  development  activities  in  various  agricultural  crops/ commodities. The National Agricultural Research System under DARE/ICAR during last 4.5  years  has  developed  a  total  of  898  stress  tolerant,  high  yielding,  improved  quality, agro-climatic zone specific varieties. For the state of Madhya Pradesh, 155 varieties of various field crops have been developed since May, 2014 which include 76 of cereals, 23 of oilseeds, 19 of pulses, 19 of fibre crops, 15 of forage crops and 3 of sugarcane.

(c) The details of the salient achievements of the ICAR Research Institutes during the last 3 years are given in Annexure-I.

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The details of the major works carried out by institutes during the last three years

## 1) ICAR- Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur :

Engaged  in  identification  of  weeds  under  different  crops/cropping  systems  and  developed Integrated weed management practices & biocontrol measures for controlling various weed species including aquatic and invasive weeds for Maximizing the Economic, Environmental and Societal Benefits for the People of India.

-  The  Directorate  conducted  survey  and  surveillance  for  collecting  information  on  the spread and occurrence of weeds, and identified those causing serious problem. Developed National database on weeds in two volumes of Weed Atlas covering the dominant cropfield weeds of 435 districts and 19 states of the country; Developed a Weed Seed Atlas; Developed a weed seed repository of about 100 species.
-  Developed e-modules on identification of weed seeds, weed seedling and weed plants. These  modules  are  very  useful  for  effective  and  economic  management  of  weeds.  All these modules are uploaded on the Directorate website for end users.
-  Conclusively proved the presence of high morphological diversity amongst the Echinochloa germplasm of the country, and so far identified 15 taxa of species and intraspecific ranks under 11 species.
-  Studied  the  possible  effect  of  climate  change  on  crop-weed  competition  and  herbicide efficacy.  Predicted  increasing  competitive  ability  of  Phalaris  minor  compared  to  wheat and wild oat due to global warming.
-  Made herbicide recommendations for various crops and cropping systems based on the multi-disciplinary  and  multi-location  trials  conducted  in  different  agro-climatic  zones; Recommended  alternative  chemical  weed  control  methods  to  counter  weed  flora  shift caused by continuous use of some herbicides; Developed weed management technologies for conservation agriculture systems.
-  Several  weeding  tools  were  improved  from  different  parts  of  the  country  for  more efficient weeding; developed a wick applicator for application of non-selective herbicides in standing crops like mustard and soybean.
-  Utilization of weeds like Parthenium and water hyacinth biomass for making compost/vermi-compost  with  nutrient  contents  equivalent  to  FYM  and  also  utilized Parthenium biomass for making paper and particle boards.

## 2) ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal:

Institute is working t o provide scientific basis for enhancing and sustaining productivity of soil resource   with minimal environmental degradation along with its AICRPs on Soil Test  Crop  Response  (STCR), Micro-  and  Secondary  Nutrients  and  Pollutant  Elements (MSNP) in soils and Plants, Long Term Fertilizer Experiments (LTFE) and Network Project on  Soil  Biodiversity-  Bio-fertilizers  are  providing  technological  backstopping  to  various schemes related to soil fertility and fertilizer use in the country including Madhya Pradesh. The ICAR imparts training, organises Front Line Demonstrations (FLDs) to educate farmers

on soil test  based balanced and integrated nutrient management through conjunctive use of both inorganic and organic sources (FYM, compost, bio-fertilizers etc.) of plant nutrients to improve soil fertility.

-  Developed  portable  soil  test  kit/mini  lab  ( Mridaparikshak )  to  supplement  soil  testing service  in  the  country.  The  kit  is  capable  of  measuring  all  the  twelve  parameters of National  Mission  on  Soil  Health  Card.  The  Kit  is  useful  for  rapid  analysis  of  soil samples  for  generating  soil  health  cards  alongwith  the  fertilizer  recommendations, monitoring  of  soil  fertility  and  preparation  of  geo-referenced  soil  fertility  maps  at block/village level.
-  Developed in-situ and ex-situ rapid composting technology using microbial consortia.
-  Developed family net vessel vermi-composting technology.

## 3) ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal:

Institute is working to develop and promote appropriate technologies for land development, farm mechanization, irrigation, processing of agro-produce, utilizing renewable, animate and mechanical  power  sources  in  India.  The  main  aim  is  to  modernize  Indian  agriculture, increase productivity and promote agri-business to enhance income and generate employment in rural sector through the network of research centres established all over to the country. Some of the most notable farm machinery/ equipment/products/processes developed by the institute during the last 4 years are given below.

-  Pre-emergence herbicide strip applicator-cum-planter
-  Seed-cum-ferti drill with two stage fertilizer placement system
-  Rotary assisted broad bed former-cumseeder
-  Small seed planters
-  Multi millet thresher
-  SPAD meter
-  Manually operated single and two row hand held vegetable transplanters
-  Animal lifting device
-  Tractor drawn three-row automatic vegetable transplanter for potted seedlings
-  Tractor drawn three-row automatic vegetable  transplanter  for  plug  type seedlings
-  High clearance multipurpose vehicle
-  Mechanical intra and inter row weeder for wide spaced field crops
-  Tractor mounted ginger planter
-  Tractor  operated  cassava  stake  cuttercum-planter
-  Mechanization system for effective sett/ bud treatment for sugarcane
-  Self-propelled site-specific fertilizer applicator
-  Cassava harvester
-  Site-specific fertilizer applicator for top dressing in wide spaced crops
-  Tractor operated straw rake
-  Tractor front mounted cotton stalk puller
-  Pigeon pea transplanter
-  Subsurface lateral laying machine
-  Portable briquetting machine for paddy straw
-  Reactor for bio char production and its characterization
-  Lab  scale  fast  pyrolysis  for  bio  oil production
-  Solar powered cold storage system
-  Package of equipment for minimal processing of banana central core
-  Mechanization package for rope making  from  outer  sheath  of  banana pseudo stem
-  Post harvest  mechanization  package for garcenia cambogia
-  Improved millet mill
-  Ripening chamber

-  Moringa leaf stripper
-  Automated  packing  line  for  spherical horticultural produce
-  Pilot  plant  for  minimal  processing  of cut vegetables
-  Pilot plant for fermented millet flakes
-  Pilot scale modified atmosphere storage system for fruits and vegetables
-  Starch/ PLA based biodegradable films for packaging of fresh produce
-  Grape debuncher
-  Value  added  products  from  kodo  & sorghum
-  Value added products from flax seed
-  Soy  and  multigrain  based  functional foods
-  Protein  rich  soy  fortified  compressed food bars for undernourished children
-  Pilot  scale  set-up  for  production  of ready to eat complimentary food spread
-  Onion descaler
-  Cashew apple slicer
-  Quinoa pearler

## 4). ICAR- Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Indore:

The  institute  is  mandated  to  work  on  basic,  strategic  and  adaptive  research  on  soybean  for improving  productivity  and  quality;  provide  access  to  information,  knowledge  and  genetic material  to  develop  improved  technology  and  enhance  soybean  production;  coordination  of applied  research  to  develop  location  specific  varieties  and  technologies  and  dissemination  of technology and capacity building.

-  NRC 142, free from Kunitz trypsin inhibitor as well as lipoxygenase 2, has been developed from  a  triple  cross  JS  97-52  x  PI  596540  x  PI  542044,  through  marker  assisted  forward breeding.
-  First  Kunitz  Trypsin  Inhibitor  free  Soybean  Variety  NRC  127  identified  for  release  to farmers  in  MP,  Bundelkhand,  Rajasthan,  Gujarat,  Marathwada  and  Vidarbh  region  of Maharashtra. Development of high yielding soybean varieties NRC 2, NRC 12, NRC 7, NRC 37 and NRC 86. Out of these, NRC 7, NRC 37 and NRC 86 are under seed chain.
-  Development and commercialization of trypsin inhibitor free soybean genotypes NRC 101 and NRC 102. These genotypes need not to be boiled before mixing with wheat for preparing soy fortified flour. Kunitz trypsin inhibitor genotype in the background of JS 97-52 and NRC 7 have also been developed.
-  Identification and commercialization of IC 210, a high oleic acid genotype with 42% oleic acid content against that of 24% found in regular soybean.
-  Soybean genotypes with null lipoxygenase-2 (the principal contributor to off-flavour) have been developed.
-  Collection, maintenance, evaluation and conservation of soybean germplasm. Presently, we maintain a collection of 4591 accessions and supply to users.
-  Identification  of  germplasm  accessions  for  high  oil  content,  high  oleic  acid  content,  high protein, rust resistance, YMV  tolerance, photo-insensitivity, long juvenility, drought tolerance, rhizoctonia root rot resistance, girdle beetle, defoliators.
-  Identification  of  molecular  markers  linked  to  YMV  resistance  in Glycine  max as  well as Glycine soja .
-  Identification of QTLs for 100 seed weight, pods per plant and seed yield per plant.
-  Development  of  Multi  parent  Advanced  Generation  Intercross  (MAGIC)  and  Nested Association Mapping (NAM) populations.
-  Development of infectious clones for screening of soybean varieties through agroinfection.
-  Standardization of thin layer polymer coating for effective delivery of fungicides, insecticides and other growth promoting chemicals.
-  Identified  three  new  potential  novel  bacterial  strains  e.g.,  Paenibacillus  mucilaginosus  and Bradyrhizobium  daqingense  and  B.  liaoningense  were  isolated  and  identified  from  root nodules of three drought tolerant lines e.g., EC 538805, PK472 and EC 538828 respectively. These strains are being evaluated for abiotic stress tolerance traits for further evaluation on soybean.
-  Identified Glomus intraradices (Rhizophagus irregulariae) as most predominant AM species harbouring in the rhizosphere of soybean, wheat and maize crops from a long-term soybeanbased cropping system.
-  Optimized a method for extraction and enhanced recovery of glomalin (glycoprotein secreted by AM fungi) which is crucial part in plant growth, nutrient uptake, soil carbon sequestration and carbon mitigation.
-  Identified and evaluated three bacterial strains i.e. Bacillus aryabhattai MDSR 14 (JF792521) Acinetobacter calcoaceticus BK-5 (JF792523) and Pseudomonas moselli DKH-3 (JQ773432) capable  of  solubilizing  zinc  and  phosphorus  and  mineralizing  phytate;  enhancing  zinc

accumulation in seeds up to 34% higher compared to without inoculation. Also solubilizes inorganic phosphates and mineralizes phytate.

-  Development of computer softwares to facilitate soybean research (Germplasm information system, Varietal identification system, Data management systems for breeding and agronomy multi-location AICRPS data and Disease diagnosis system).

## 5) National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases , Bhopal:

It is a premier institute of India for research on exotic and emerging pathogens of animals. The Institute  is  ISO  9001:2015  certified  and  has  Bio-engineering  components,  Bio-containment Laboratory,  containment  animal  wing  for  experimentation,  Surface  Plasmon  Resonance  and Electron Microscopy Unit. It works in bio-risk management and capacity building in the areas of biosafety,  biosecurity  and  bio-containment  for  handling  high  risk  pathogens.  The  Institute  is working  in  exotic  and  emerging  diseases  like  Avian  Influenza,  Crimean-Congo  hemorrhagic fever,  Porcine  reproductive  and  respiratory  syndrome,  Bovine  disease,  Malignant  Catarrhal Fever, Swine flu etc.

## 6). Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute (ATARI) , Jabalpur:

Coordinates, plans, monitors and evaluates the technological interventions and frontline extension programmes of 52 Krishi Vigyan Kendras in Madhya Pradesh.

In  various  extension  programs  of  KVKs,  men  farmers  and  women  farmers  are  considered equally and encouraged to participate. During the year 2015-16 to 2017-18, 18626 on- farm trials and  37348  front  line  demonstrations  were  conducted.  To  update  the  knowledge  and  skills  on modern agricultural technologies 3.37 lakh farmers were trained. 46.49 lakh farmers participated in various extension activities. In addition, 32.71 tones seeds, 66.92 lakh planting materials and 19.16  lakh  live-stock  strains  and  finger  lings  were  produced  and  distributed  among  farmers. Further, 2.83 lakh soil, water, plant, manures samples were tested, and 16.54 lakh Mobile agroadvisory were provided to farmers.

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