Lok Sabha Question No. 1118 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-11-22
Subject: Child Mortality Rate
Ministry: HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
Asked by: Chandeshwar Prasad

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

## DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1118 TO BE ANSWERED ON 22 ND NOVEMBER, 2019

## CHILD MORTALITY RATE

## 1118. SHRI CHANDESHWAR PRASAD:

Will the Minister of HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of child mortality rate at national level during the last five years;
- (b) whether the Government considers that the schemes implemented to check child mortality rate have so far been ineffect ive; and
- (c) if so, the details thereof and further steps proposed to be taken by the Government in this direction?

## ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

(SHRI ASHWINI KUMAR CHOUBEY)

- (a): As per Sample Registration System (SRS), Registrar General of India, the details of la five year Under - five mortality (2013 to 2017) are as under:
- (b)& (c) : Government of India is implementing Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, Adolescent health and Nutrition (RMNCHA+N) strategy under National Health Missiontocheck child and maternal mortality in the country.

| Under -Five Mortality Rates (U5MR) (per 1000 live births) -2013 to 2017   | Under -Five Mortality Rates (U5MR) (per 1000 live births) -2013 to 2017   |   Under -Five Mortality Rates (U5MR) (per 1000 live births) -2013 to 2017 |   Under -Five Mortality Rates (U5MR) (per 1000 live births) -2013 to 2017 |   Under -Five Mortality Rates (U5MR) (per 1000 live births) -2013 to 2017 |   Under -Five Mortality Rates (U5MR) (per 1000 live births) -2013 to 2017 |   Under -Five Mortality Rates (U5MR) (per 1000 live births) -2013 to 2017 |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|                                                                           |                                                                           |                                                                      2013 |                                                                      2014 |                                                                      2015 |                                                                      2016 |                                                                      2017 |
|                                                                           | India                                                                     |                                                                        49 |                                                                        45 |                                                                        43 |                                                                        39 |                                                                        37 |

As per Sample Registration System (SRS) , Registrar General of India, the child mortality in the county has declined from 49 per 1000 live births in 2013 to 37 per 1000 live b 2017.

The various intervention under RMNCHA+N strategy are as below:

1. Promotion  of  Institutional  deliveries  throu gh  cash  incentive  under  Janani  Suraksha Yojana  (JSY)  and  Janani  Shishu  Suraksha  Karyakaram  (JSSK)  which  entitles  all pregnant  women  delivering  in  public  health  institutions  to  absolutely  free  de including Caesarean section, post - natal care and treatm ent of sick infants till one year of age.  Pradhan  Matritvya  Vandana  Yojana  (PMMVY)  is  another  maternity  benefit programme under which cash incentive of Rs. 5000 is provided to pregnant women and lactating mothers.
2. Strengthening  essential  newborn care  at  all  delivery  points,  establishment  of  Specia Newborn  Care  Units  (SNCU),  Newborn  Stabilization  Units  (NBSU)  and  Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) units for care of sick and small babies. Home Based Newborn Care (HBNC) and Home Based Care of Young Childre n (HBYC) by ASHAs to improve child rearing practices and to identify sick newborn.
3. Early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding for first six months and appropriate and  Young  Child  Feeding  (IYCF)  practices  are  promoted  underMothers'  Absolute Affection (MAA) in convergence with Ministry of Women and Child Development.
4. Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Days (VHSNDs) are observed for provision maternal  and  child  health  services  and  creating  awareness  on  maternal  and  ch care.Health an d nutrition education through mass and social media is also promoted improve healthy practices and to generate demand for service uptake.
5. Nutrition Rehabilitation Centres (NRCs) have been set up at public health facili treat  and  manage  the  child ren  with  Severe  Acute  Malnutrition  (SAM)  admitted  with medical complications.
6. Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) is being supported to provide vaccination t children  against  life  threatening  diseases  such  as  Tuberculosis,  Diphtheria,  Pe Polio ,  Tetanus,  Hepatitis  B,  Measles,  Rubella,  Pneumonia  and  Meningitis  caused  b Haemophilus  Influenzae  B.  The  Rotavirus  vaccination  has  also  been  rolled  out  in country  for  prevention  of  Rotaviral  diarrhoea.  'Mission  Indradhanush  is  targeted  to immunize ch ildren who are either unvaccinated or partially vaccinated i.e. those tha not  been  covered  during  the  rounds  of  routine  immunization  for  various  reaso Intensified  Mission  Indradhanush  (IMI)  2.0  is  being  planned  as  per  road - map  for achieving 90% fu ll immunization coverage across the country.
7. All the children from 0 to 18 years of age are screened for 30 health conditions cl into 4Ds Diseases, Deficiencies, Defects and Developmental delay under 'Rastriya Bal Swasthya  Karyakaram'  (RBSK).  Di strict  early  intervention  centre  (DEIC)  at  distric health facility level are established for confirmation and management of the 4D's.
8. National Deworming Day (NDD) is implemented biannually every year for deworming of children (one to nineteen year of ag e).
9. Name based tracking of mothers and children till two years of age is done through portal to ensure complete antenatal, intranatal, postnatal care and immunization schedule
10. 10.Capacity building of health care providersis regularly done to buil d and upgrade the skills in basic and comprehensive obstetric care of mother during pregnancy, delivery and essential new - born care.

Besides above programme and scheme, few newer initiatives started under RMNCHA+N are as follows:

- (a) Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) has been launched to provide fixed - day  assured,  comprehensive  and  quality  antenatal  care  universally  to pregnant women on the 9th of every month.
- (b) "LaQshya"  programme  aims  to  improve  the  quality  of  care  in  Labour  room and Maternity operation theatres.
- (c) Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan (SUMAN) initiative is focussed on assured delivery maternal and newborn health care services encompassing wider access to quality c services,  at  no  cost,  zero  tolerance  for  denial  of  serv ices,  assured  management  of complications along with respect for women's autonomy and dignity.
- (d) Defeat Diarrhoea (D2) initiative has been launched for promoting ORS and Zinc u and eliminating the diarrhoeal deaths by 2025.
- (e) Social  Awareness  and  Actions  to Neutralize  Pneumonia  Successfully  (SAANS) initiative for reduction of Childhood morbidity and mortality due to Pneumonia.
- (f) Anaemia  Mukt  Bharat  (AMB)  strategy  as  a  part  of  Poshan  Abhiyan  aims  to strengthen  the  existing  mechanisms  and  foster  newer  strategie s to  tackle  anaemia, which include testing & treatment of anaemia in school going adolescents & pregn women, addressing non nutritional causes of anaemia and a comprehensive communication strategy.