Lok Sabha Question No. 974 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-07-24
Subject: Shortage of Godowns and Cold Storages
Ministry: AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
Asked by: KIRIT SOMAIYA

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, COOPERATION AND FARMERS WELFARE

## LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 974

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 24 TH  JULY, 2018

## SHORTAGE OF GODOWNS AND COLD STORAGES

974.   DR. KIRIT SOMAIYA:

Will the Minister of AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण मंी be pleased to state:

- (a) whether it is true that there is insufficient number of godowns and cold storages in the country;
- (b) if so, the details of godowns and cold storages at present in the country, State-wise;
- (c) whether  the  Government  is  aware  that  due  to  shortage  of  cold  storages/  godowns, agricultural produce either get rotten or farmers have to sell their produce at very low prices;
- (d) if  so, whether the Government will conduct a survey to find out the quantum of loss of produce and farmers income in value term due to shortage of godowns and cold storages and if so, the details thereof; and
- (e) whether  the  Government  is  considering  to  increase/construct  more  godowns  and  cold storages to save agriculture produce and loss of income of farmers; and
- (f) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE

कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण मंालय म राय मंी (SHRI PARSHOTTAM RUPALA)

- (a) to (c): On the basis of peak stock requirement during normal procurement season, the overall storage capacity required for central pool foodgrains in the country is about 650 Lakh Metric Tonnes (LMT). Against this, the total storage capacity available with Food Corporation of India (FCI), Central Warehousing Corporation (CWC) and the State Agencies, both owned and hired  capacity,  was  855.98  LMT  as  on  30.06.2018.  This  comprised  724.74  LMT  covered godowns and 131.24 LMT cover and plinth (CAP) storage. As such, there is sufficient capacity for storage of central pool foodgrains at the national level.

The State-wise details of total number of godowns including silos available with FCI for the storage of central pool stock of foodgrains as on 30.06.2018 are given in Annexure - I.

In  a  study  by  NABCONS  in  2015  on  'All  India  Cold-chain  Infrastructure  Capacity (Assessment of Status & Gap)' to assess shortfall in cold-chain infrastructure. The findings of

the report in respect of cold storages are as follows:

| Type of Infrastructure   | Infrastructure Requirement (A)   | Infrastructure created (B)   | All India Gap (A-B)   |
|--------------------------|----------------------------------|------------------------------|-----------------------|
| Cold-storage(Bulk)       | 341,64,411 MT                    | 318,23,700 MT                | 32,76,962 MT          |
| Cold-storage(Hub)        | 9,36,251 MT                      | 318,23,700 MT                | 32,76,962 MT          |

As per the report of the study shortfall in number of cold storages was assessed to be within 10% of the nation-wide requirement.

Currently, there are 7916 number of cold storages with capacity of 36.22 million MT in the country (as on 31.03.2018). State wise details of cold storages are at Annexure - II.

(d): At present there is no proposal with Government for conducting a survey to find out the quantum  of  losses.  However,  a  study  was  commissioned  by  Ministry  of  Food  Processing Industries  and  carried  out  by  Central  Institute  of  Post  Harvest  Engineering  &  Technology (CIPHET), Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) which was published in 2015. As per the study quantum of quantitative harvest and post harvest losses were as under:

| Crops               | Cumulative wastage (%)   |
|---------------------|--------------------------|
| Cereals             | 4.65 - 5.99              |
| Pulses              | 6.36 - 8.41              |
| Oil seeds           | 3.08 - 9.96              |
| Fruits & Vegetables | 4.58 - 15.88             |
| Milk                | 0.92                     |
| Fisheries (Inland)  | 5.23                     |
| Fisheries (Marine)  | 10.52                    |
| Meat                | 2.71                     |
| Poultry Meat        | 6.74                     |

(e)  &  (f)  Depending  on  requirement  in  specific  areas  and  for  modernization  of  the  storage facilities,  the  Government  has  been  implementing  the  following  schemes  for  construction  of godowns including silos in the country:

- i. Private  Entrepreneurs  Guarantee  (PEG)  Scheme:  Under  this  Scheme,  which  was formulated in 2008, storage capacity is created by private parties, Central Warehousing Corporation  (CWC)  and  State  Government  Agencies  for  guaranteed  hiring  by  FCI.  A capacity of 141.63 LMT has been created as on 31.05.2018.
- ii. Central Sector Scheme: This scheme is implemented in the North Eastern States along with Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand and Kerala. Funds are released by the Government to  FCI  and  also  directly  to  the  State  Governments  for  construction  of  godowns.  A capacity of 7,930 MT has been completed by FCI and 5,805 MT by State Governments from 01.04.2017 upto 30.06.2018.
- iii.  Construction of steel silos: In addition to conventional godowns, construction of steel silos  has  been  undertaken  from  2016  for  modernizing  the  storage  infrastructure  and improving shelf life of stored foodgrains. As on 30.06.2018, a capacity of 6.25 LMT silos has been created.

Further,  Government  of  India  is  implementing  schemes  for  establishment  of  cold storages  like  Mission  for  Integrated  Development  of  Horticulture  (MIDH)  of  Ministry  of Agriculture  &  Farmers  Welfare  and  Pradhan  Mantri  Kissan  SAMPADA  Yojana  of  Ministry  of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) under which assistance is available for establishment of cold  storage/cold  chain.  The  components  are  demand  and  entrepreneur  driven  from  among entrepreneurs,  private  companies,  cooperatives,  farmers  groups  etc.  through  commercial ventures for which assistance @35% of admissible project cost in general areas and @50% in hilly and schedule area is available as credit linked back ended subsidy.

The  State-wise  details  of  the  number  of  godowns  (including  silos)  available  with  FCI  for  the storage of central pool foodgrains (as on 30.06.2018) are given below:

| S. No.   | State/Union territory   |   No. Of Storage Godowns And Silos |   Capacity (LMT) |
|----------|-------------------------|------------------------------------|------------------|
| 1        | Bihar                   |                                 61 |             9.55 |
| 2        | Jharkhand               |                                 39 |             3.32 |
| 3        | Odisha                  |                                 53 |             5.15 |
| 4        | West Bengal             |                                 31 |             9.66 |
| 5        | Sikkim                  |                                 02 |             0.11 |
| 6        | Arunachal Pradesh       |                                 14 |             0.27 |
| 7        | Assam                   |                                 39 |             3.99 |
| 8        | Manipur                 |                                  5 |             0.32 |
| 9        | Nagaland                |                                  6 |             0.41 |
| 10       | Meghalaya               |                                  6 |             0.22 |
| 11       | Mizoram                 |                                  6 |             0.25 |
| 12       | Tripura                 |                                  7 |             0.44 |
| 13       | Delhi                   |                                  6 |             3.36 |
| 14       | Haryana                 |                                243 |            55.43 |
| 15       | Himachal Pradesh        |                                 18 |             0.52 |
| 16       | Jammu And Kashmir       |                                 31 |             2.65 |
| 17       | Punjab                  |                                549 |           108.6  |
| 18       | Chandigarh              |                                 01 |             0.06 |
| 19       | Rajasthan               |                                133 |            16.58 |
| 20       | Uttar Pradesh           |                                388 |            57.78 |
| 21       | Uttarakhand             |                                 17 |             1.4  |
| 22       | Andhra Pradesh          |                                 56 |             0.42 |
| 23       | Andaman and Nicobar     |                                 01 |             0.07 |
| 24       | Karnataka               |                                 62 |             7.76 |
| 25       | Kerala                  |                                 24 |             5.34 |
| 26       | Tamil Nadu              |                                 41 |            10.36 |
| 27       | Pudduchhery             |                                 09 |             1.15 |
| 28       | Telangana               |                                 47 |             9.11 |
| 29       | Chhattisgarh            |                                 42 |             6.93 |
| 30       | Gujarat                 |                                 28 |             6.37 |
| 31       | Madhya Pradesh          |                                 49 |             3.37 |
| 32       | Maharashtra             |                                 74 |            17.61 |
| 33       | Goa                     |                                 02 |             0.2  |
|          | Total                   |                               2090 |           358.76 |

State wise distribution of Cold Storages as on 31.03.2018

| S. No.   | Name of the State              |      | Total         |
|----------|--------------------------------|------|---------------|
|          |                                | No.  | Capacity (MT) |
| 1        | Andaman & Nicobar Islands (UT) | 3    | 810           |
| 2        | Andhra Pradesh & Telangana     | 452  | 1836366       |
| 3        | Arunachal Pradesh              | 2    | 6000          |
| 4        | Assam                          | 37   | 163258        |
| 5        | Bihar                          | 306  | 1415595       |
| 6        | Chandigarh (UT)                | 7    | 12462         |
| 7        | Chhattisgarh                   | 98   | 484331        |
| 8        | Delhi                          | 97   | 129857        |
| 9        | Goa                            | 29   | 7705          |
| 10       | Gujarat                        | 890  | 3515976       |
| 11       | Haryana                        | 352  | 791780        |
| 12       | Himachal Pradesh               | 65   | 125967        |
| 13       | Jammu & Kashmir                | 55   | 182527        |
| 14       | Jharkhand                      | 58   | 236680        |
| 15       | Karnataka                      | 209  | 602457        |
| 16       | Kerala                         | 199  | 81705         |
| 17       | Lakshadweep (UT)               | 1    | 15            |
| 18       | Madhya Pradesh                 | 302  | 1281411       |
| 19       | Maharashtra                    | 603  | 979607        |
| 20       | Manipur                        | 3    | 7100          |
| 21       | Meghalaya                      | 4    | 8200          |
| 22       | Mizoram                        | 3    | 3971          |
| 23       | Nagaland                       | 4    | 7350          |
| 24       | Orissa                         | 177  | 566321        |
| 25       | Pondicherry (UT)               | 3    | 85            |
| 26       | Punjab                         | 672  | 2201386       |
| 27       | Rajasthan                      | 167  | 561293        |
| 28       | Sikkim                         | 2    | 2100          |
| 29       | Tamil Nadu                     | 173  | 347583        |
| 30       | Tripura                        | 14   | 45477         |
| 31       | Uttar Pradesh                  | 2368 | 14500773      |
| 32       | Uttrakhand                     | 47   | 162821        |
| 33       | West Bengal                    | 511  | 5940511       |
| 34       | NHB/States                     | 3    | 20195         |
|          | Total                          | 7916 | 36229675      |

(Source: Directorate of Marketing and Inspection (DMI) upto 2009, National Horticulture Board  (NHB),  National  Horticulture  Mission  (NHM)  &  Ministry  of  Food  Processing Industries (MoFPI))

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