Lok Sabha Question No. 4516 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-01-08
Subject: Impact of Climate Change on Indian Agriculture and Food Security
Ministry: AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
Asked by: KALIKESH NARAYAN SINGH DEO

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, COOPERATION AND FARMERS WELFARE

## LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.4516

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 8 TH   JANUARY, 2019

## IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON INDIAN AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY

4516.    SHRI KALIKESH N. SINGH DEO:

Will the Minister of AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण मंी be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has made an estimation of the likely impact of climate change on  Indian  agriculture  and  food security, if so, the details thereof;
- (b) the  progress  made  under  the National  Mission  on  Sustainable agriculture and the initiatives being taken by  the  Government  to  promote  climate resilient crop varieties;
- (c) whether the Government is taking any  initiatives  for  encouraging  Indian farmers  to adopt  low  carbon  agriculture techniques, if so, the details thereof;
- (d) the  details of  insurance payouts and financial assistance made to the farmers for crop loss due to climate change from 2014 to 2017, State-wise; and
- (e) whether  any  expert  body/ committee has been appointed in advisory capacity  or  in any  other  way  to  make suggestions or recommendations to address the situation, if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE

कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण मंालय म राय मंी (SHRI  PARSHOTTAM  RUPALA)

- (a) & (b): Yes, Madam. Climate change is expected to impact  the yield of agriculture crops in  India  as  in  other  parts  of  the  globe  as  well.  However,    in  some  of  the  regions,  increase  in yields is also predicted due to increase in rainfall. Adaptation and mitigation techniques have been developed by Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) and agriculture universities to minimize  the  adverse  impacts.  It  is emphasised  that several  locations  specific  technologies have  been  developed,  due  to  which,  the  country  could  produce  the  highest  food  grain (284.83MT) in addition to more than 305.42 MT of horticultural production in 2017-18.

The  Government  is  implementing  number  of  schemes  for  promoting  climate  resilient agriculture to cope with the challenges of climate change.  10 key dimensions for adaptation namely, improved crop seeds livestock and fish culture, water use efficiency, pest management, improved farm practices, improved nutrient management; agricultural insurance, credit support, markets, access to information and livelihood diversification are emphasized.

The  National  Mission  for  Sustainable  Agriculture  (NMSA),  one  of  the  eight  Missions under National Action Plan for Climate Change (NAPCC), includes programmatic interventions like Soil Health Card (SHC), Paramparagat Krishi VikasYojana (PKVY), Mission Organic Value Chain  Development  for  North  Eastern  Region  (MOVCD-NER),Rainfed  Area  Development (RAD), National Bamboo Mission (NBM) and Sub-mission on Agro Forestry (SMAF). These and other  programmes  including  Prime  Minister  Krishi  SinchaiYojana  (PMKSY)  are  ensuring judicious use of natural resources.

During  XII  Plan  (2012-2018),  more  than  400  climate  resilient  germplasm  lines  have been identified  and  58  genotypes  characterised  with  high  water  and  nutrient  use  efficiency. 20.44  lakh  ha  area  has  been    brought  under  organic  farming,  249.57  lakh  ha  area  under horticulture,  32.43  lakh  ha  under  precision  irrigation  and  7.81  lakh  ha  under  System  of  Rice Intensification (SRI), 25.18 lakh milch animals were covered under ration balancing programme and five  bypass  protein  feed  making  units  (50  MT/day  capacity)  were  set  up  between  20122018. ICAR has developed 45 models for climate resilient Integrated  Farming Systems (IFS) which  are  replicated  in  Krishi  Vigyan  Kendras  (KVKs)  for  demonstration.    Climate  resilient villages have been developed, one in each of 151 districts. Climate Vulnerability Atlas has been prepared  under  National  Innovations  in  Climate  Resilient  Agriculture  (NICRA).  Assistance  is provided under National Food Security  Mission  (NFSM) for inter  alia    stress tolerant/  climate resilient varieties of food grains.

- (c): Soil and crop management practices advocated to reduce carbon emissions are:.
- i)      Increasing  the  area  under  System  of  Rice  Intensification  (SRI)  as  an  alternative  to transplanted paddy.
- ii)      Planting  of  trees    under  National  Food  Security  Mission,  Bringing  Green  Revolution  to Eastern  India  (BGREI),Sub-Mission  on  Agroforestry  (SMAF)  and  National  Bamboo  Mission (NBM).
- iii)    Promotion  of  water  use  efficiency  through  micro  irrigation under  Pradhan  Mantri  Krishi SinchaiYojana (PMKSY)- Per Drop More Crop.
- iv)        Development  of  zero  tillage  drill  machines  and  other  residue  management  equipment which facilitate planting of rabi crop in the standing residues of rice crop to avoid burning of rice residues.
- v)      Mandatory Neem coating of urea
- vi)        Alternate  wetting  and  drying,  direct  seeded  rice  system  of  rice  cultivation,  use  of  slow release  nitrogen  fertilizers, integrated  nutrient  management  practices, leaf colour chart-based nitrogen application, use of urea super granules etc
- (d): The  State  wise  details  of  assistance  given  for  crop  loss  from  2014  to  2017  as  per guidelines of Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) is placed at Annexure-I
- (e): The  various  committees  set  up  by  Government  for  providing  strategic  direction  and monitoring  of  programs  aimed  at  mitigation  and  adaption  to  effects  of  climate  change  on agriculture include:
- i) Prime Minister's Council on Climate Change (PMCCC) chaired by Hon'ble Prime Minister.
- ii)  Executive  Committee  on  Climate  Change  (ECCC)  chaired  by  Principal  Secretary  to  Prime Minister
- iii)  National  Advisory  Committee  for  NMSA  chaired  by  Secretary  Department  of  Agriculture Cooperation and Farmers Welfare. Similar State and District level committees are formed which have  representation  from  different  Departments  as  well  as  experts  from  State  Agriculture Universities and ICAR Institutes.
- iv)  At  the  national level the Central Research Institute for Dry land Agriculture (CRIDA-ICAR), Hyderabad is the think tank for climate change issues in agriculture.

|                                                                                                                                                             |                        |                          |               |               |              | State wise Details of financial assistance to the   | State wise Details of financial assistance to the   | State wise Details of financial assistance to the   | State wise Details of financial assistance to the   | State wise Details of financial assistance to the   | farmers under PMFBY for crop loss from 2014   | farmers under PMFBY for crop loss from 2014   | farmers under PMFBY for crop loss from 2014   | farmers under PMFBY for crop loss from 2014   | farmers under PMFBY for crop loss from 2014   | 2017 Annexure-I     | 2017 Annexure-I          | 2017 Annexure-I   | 2017 Annexure-I   | 2017 Annexure-I   | 2017 Annexure-I   |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|--------------------------|---------------|---------------|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|---------------------|--------------------------|-------------------|-------------------|-------------------|-------------------|
|                                                                                                                                                             | 2014-15                | 2014-15                  | 2014-15       | 2014-15       | 2014-15      | 2015-16                                             | 2015-16                                             | 2015-16                                             | 2015-16                                             |                                                     |                                               |                                               | 2016-17                                       | 2016-17                                       | 2016-17                                       | 2017-18*            | 2017-18*                 | 2017-18*          | 2017-18*          | 2017-18*          | 2017-18*          |
|                                                                                                                                                             | GOI Subsidy in Premium | State Subsidy in Premium | Total Subsidy | Gross Premium | Total Claims | GOI Subsidy in Premium                              | State Subsidy in Premium                            | Total Subsidy                                       | Gross Premium                                       | Total Claims                                        | GOI Subsidy in Premium                        | State Subsidy in Premium                      | Total Subsidy                                 | Gross Premium                                 | Total Claims                                  | GOI Subsidy Premium | State Subsidy in Premium | Total Subsidy     | Gross Premium     | Total Claims      | Total Claims      |
|                                                                                                                                                             |                        |                          |               |               |              | Rs Crore                                            | Rs Crore                                            | Rs Crore                                            | Rs Crore                                            | Rs Crore                                            |                                               |                                               | Rs Crore                                      | Rs Crore                                      | Rs Crore                                      | Rs Crore            | Rs Crore                 | Rs Crore          | Rs Crore          | Rs Crore          | Rs Crore          |
| A & N ISLANDS                                                                                                                                               | 0.03                   | 0.13                     | 0.16          | 0.16          | 0.06         | 0.10                                                | 0.10                                                | 0.20                                                | 0.20                                                | 0.01                                                | 0.00                                          | 0.01                                          | 0.01                                          | 0.02                                          | 0.15                                          | 0.01                | 0.01                     | 0.02              | 0.03              | -                 | -                 |
| Andhra Pradesh                                                                                                                                              | 45.72                  | 45.72                    | 91.43         | 170.85        | 92.26        | 148.59                                              | 148.59                                              | 297.18                                              | 645.90                                              | 331.15                                              | 323.11                                        | 323.11                                        | 646.23                                        | 845.50                                        | 897.10                                        | 537.01              | 537.01                   | 1,074.02          | 1,338.43          | 494.63            | 494.63            |
| Assam                                                                                                                                                       | 2.02                   | 2.02                     | 4.04          | 10.25         | 13.40        | 4.05                                                | 4.05                                                | 8.11                                                | 16.41                                               | 5.52                                                | 1.84                                          | 1.84                                          | 3.67                                          | 8.65                                          | 5.15                                          | 3.52                | 3.52                     | 7.03              | 12.34             | 0.54              | 0.54              |
| Bihar                                                                                                                                                       | 139.32                 | 139.32                   | 278.64        | 580.97        | 1,124.73     | 8.83                                                | 8.83                                                | 17.66                                               | 237.99                                              | 973.32                                              | 605.82                                        | 605.82                                        | 1,211.64                                      | 1,416.26                                      | 348.58                                        | 419.05              | 419.05                   | 838.10            | 1,015.94          | 372.79            | 372.79            |
| Chhattisgarh                                                                                                                                                | 84.00                  | 84.00                    | 168.01        | 340.39        | 185.02       | 1.74                                                | 6.98                                                | 8.72                                                | 82.06                                               | 698.63                                              | 94.64                                         | 94.64                                         | 189.27                                        | 325.77                                        | 159.97                                        | 121.22              | 121.22                   | 242.44            | 382.32            | 1,376.26          | 1,376.26          |
| Goa                                                                                                                                                         | 0.00                   | 0.00                     | 0.00          | 0.01          | -            | 0.00                                                | 0.00                                                | 0.00                                                | 0.01                                                | 0.14                                                | 0.00                                          | 0.00                                          | 0.01                                          | 0.07                                          | 0.03                                          | 0.00                | 0.00                     | 0.00              | 0.05              | 0.00              | 0.00              |
| Gujarat                                                                                                                                                     | 3.11                   | 3.11                     | 6.22          | 180.01        | 504.24       | 32.07                                               | 32.07                                               | 64.15                                               | 204.82                                              | 1,796.13                                            | 987.90                                        | 1,123.42                                      | 2,111.31                                      | 2,360.71                                      | 1,261.97                                      | 1,431.53            | 1,431.53                 | 2,863.06          | 3,261.45          | 1,050.66          | 1,050.66          |
| Haryana                                                                                                                                                     | 0.01                   | 0.01                     | 0.02          | 0.03          | 0.01         | -                                                   | -                                                   | -                                                   | -                                                   | -                                                   | 65.79                                         | 102.08                                        | 167.86                                        | 364.39                                        | 295.97                                        | 96.30               | 147.67                   | 243.96            | 452.45            | 723.18            | 723.18            |
| Himachal Pradesh                                                                                                                                            | 9.48                   | 10.66                    | 20.14         | 40.30         | 32.94        | 9.61                                                | 10.63                                               | 20.24                                               | 43.28                                               | 37.19                                               | 20.26                                         | 20.26                                         | 40.53                                         | 71.63                                         | 44.75                                         | 23.73               | 23.73                    | 47.46             | 78.11             | 17.23             | 17.23             |
| Jammu & Kashmir                                                                                                                                             | 0.12                   | 0.12                     | 0.23          | 0.46          | 0.54         | -                                                   | -                                                   | -                                                   | -                                                   | -                                                   | -                                             | -                                             | -                                             | -                                             | -                                             | 15.99               | 15.99                    | 31.98             | 40.98             | 9.68              | 9.68              |
| Jharkhand                                                                                                                                                   | 12.48                  | 12.48                    | 24.96         | 51.92         | 29.13        | 1.12                                                | 1.12                                                | 2.24                                                | 23.77                                               | 225.73                                              | 116.09                                        | 116.09                                        | 232.18                                        | 271.81                                        | 31.01                                         | 93.99               | 93.99                    | 187.99            | 216.50            | 36.76             | 36.76             |
| Karnataka                                                                                                                                                   | 87.87                  | 87.87                    | 175.74        | 320.83        | 222.64       | 6.19                                                | 6.70                                                | 12.90                                               | 95.41                                               | 878.81                                              | 652.06                                        | 652.06                                        | 1,304.13                                      | 1,563.61                                      | 1,862.86                                      | 833.98              | 833.98                   | 1,667.97          | 1,908.59          | 845.31            | 845.31            |
| Kerala                                                                                                                                                      | 2.79                   | 4.77                     | 7.55          | 11.47         | 7.20         | 3.28                                                | 5.90                                                | 9.18                                                | 14.68                                               | 14.11                                               | 12.97                                         | 12.97                                         | 25.93                                         | 33.15                                         | 44.55                                         | 9.85                | 9.85                     | 19.70             | 26.10             | 9.65              | 9.65              |
| Madhya Pradesh                                                                                                                                              | 22.61                  | 22.61                    | 45.21         | 528.36        | 741.51       | 32.91                                               | 32.91                                               | 65.82                                               | 642.31                                              | 4,808.16                                            | 1,559.56                                      | 1,559.56                                      | 3,119.12                                      | 3,852.24                                      | 2,000.49                                      | 2,377.57            | 2,377.57                 | 4,755.14          | 5,685.58          | 5,448.33          | 5,448.33          |
| Maharashtra                                                                                                                                                 | 88.39                  | 108.65                   | 197.04        | 498.64        | 2,232.45     | 151.74                                              | 153.38                                              | 305.12                                              | 816.96                                              | 5,526.89                                            | 2,023.67                                      | 2,023.67                                      | 4,047.35                                      | 4,739.66                                      | 2,315.65                                      | 1,964.87            | 1,964.87                 | 3,929.73          | 4,444.72          | 3,200.28          | 3,200.28          |
| Manipur                                                                                                                                                     | 0.01                   | 0.01                     | 0.02          | 0.43          | 1.85         | 0.02                                                | 0.02                                                | 0.04                                                | 1.13                                                | 2.70                                                | 1.43                                          | 1.43                                          | 2.85                                          | 3.59                                          | 1.96                                          | 0.60                | 0.60                     | 1.19              | 1.94              | 0.50              | 0.50              |
| Meghalaya                                                                                                                                                   | 0.01                   | 0.01                     | 0.02          | 0.24          | 0.16         | 0.01                                                | 0.01                                                | 0.01                                                | 0.12                                                | -                                                   | 0.01                                          | 0.01                                          | 0.03                                          | 0.04                                          | 0.03                                          | 0.21                | 0.21                     | 0.41              | 1.42              | 0.02              | 0.02              |
| Mizoram                                                                                                                                                     | -                      | -                        | -             | -             | -            | -                                                   | -                                                   | -                                                   | -                                                   | -                                                   | -                                             | -                                             | -                                             | -                                             | -                                             | -                   | -                        | -                 | -                 | -                 | -                 |
| Odisha                                                                                                                                                      | 6.08                   | 6.08                     | 12.15         | 143.48        | 263.31       | 7.76                                                | 7.76                                                | 15.52                                               | 190.52                                              | 1,782.64                                            | 198.21                                        | 198.21                                        | 396.42                                        | 539.05                                        | 431.34                                        | 351.61              | 351.61                   | 703.21            | 854.37            | 1,733.25          | 1,733.25          |
| Puducherry                                                                                                                                                  | 0.01                   | 0.05                     | 0.07          | 0.13          | 0.02         | 0.03                                                | 0.15                                                | 0.18                                                | 0.18                                                | -                                                   | 1.29                                          | 1.54                                          |                                               | 2.83 3.10                                     | 7.57                                          | -                   | -                        | -                 | -                 | -                 | -                 |
| Rajasthan                                                                                                                                                   | 329.48                 | 329.48                   | 658.97        | 1,049.31      | 1,190.86     | 263.62                                              | 263.62                                              | 527.25                                              | 1,012.43                                            | 1,787.13                                            | 1,086.65                                      | 1,086.65                                      | 2,173.30                                      | 2,539.52                                      | 1,867.76                                      | 1,034.65            | 1,034.65                 | 2,069.31          | 2,542.78          | 1,576.99          | 1,576.99          |
| Sikkim                                                                                                                                                      | 0.00                   | 0.00 34.42               | 0.00 40.44    | 0.01 79.12    | -            | 0.00                                                | 0.00                                                | 0.00                                                | 0.03                                                | -                                                   | 0.00                                          | 0.00                                          | 0.00                                          | 0.01                                          | 0.11                                          | 0.00                | 0.00                     | 0.00              | 0.06 1,443.56     | -                 | -                 |
| Telangana                                                                                                                                                   | 29.55                  | 29.55                    | 59.11         | 193.87        |              | 4.72                                                | 62.42                                               |                                                     | 234.22                                              |                                                     |                                               |                                               | 178.38                                        | 291.90                                        | 178.45                                        | 234.09              | 234.09                   |                   | 649.45            | 455.72            | 455.72            |
| Tamil Nadu                                                                                                                                                  | 6.02                   |                          |               |               | 36.00        |                                                     |                                                     | 67.14                                               | 133.34                                              | 521.09                                              | 557.42                                        | 557.42                                        | 1,114.83                                      | 1,227.37                                      | 3,438.56                                      | 653.96              | 653.96                   | 1,307.92          |                   | 575.57            | 575.57            |
|                                                                                                                                                             |                        |                          |               |               | 169.87       | 21.66                                               | 21.66                                               | 43.32                                               |                                                     | 399.59                                              | 89.19                                         | 89.19                                         |                                               |                                               |                                               |                     |                          | 468.18            |                   |                   |                   |
| Tripura                                                                                                                                                     | 0.00                   | 0.00                     | 0.00          | 0.02          | -            | 0.00                                                | 0.00                                                | 0.01                                                | 0.08                                                | 0.00                                                | 0.06                                          | 0.05                                          | 0.11                                          | 0.40                                          | 0.54                                          | 0.07                | 0.07                     | 0.15              | 0.74              | 0.96              | 0.96              |
| Uttar pradesh                                                                                                                                               | 122.74                 | 122.74                   | 245.48        | 423.73        | 780.80       | 258.51                                              | 258.51                                              | 517.01                                              | 901.26                                              | 1,443.57                                            | 321.38                                        | 321.38                                        | 642.77                                        | 1,118.73                                      | 554.29                                        | 501.56              | 501.56                   | 1,003.12 1,387.47 | 364.34            | 364.34            | 364.34            |
| Uttarakhand 18.01 West Bengal                                                                                                                               | 3.47 26.87             | 3.47 169.42              | 6.95 196.29   | 16.35 304.70  | 41.64 178.36 | 3.08                                                | 3.08                                                | 6.16                                                | 19.38 289.87                                        | 357.70                                              | 11.01 240.66                                  | 11.01 256.00                                  | 22.03 496.66                                  | 41.58 726.76                                  | 27.47 419.47                                  | 24.54 219.93        | 24.54 441.94 21,953.13   | 49.09 697.21      | 67.91 26,510.51   | 18,532.84         | 36.91             |
| Grand Total                                                                                                                                                 | 1,022.19               | 1,216.70                 | 2,238.89      | 4,946.05      | 7,849.00     | 14.66 974.32                                        | 183.62 1,212.12                                     | 198.28 2,186.44                                     | 5,606.34                                            | 21,608.25                                           | 8,971.03                                      | 9,158.43                                      | 18,129.47                                     | 22,345.51                                     | 16,195.79                                     | 10,949.84           | 222.01 11,003.29         |                   |                   |                   | 203.30            |
| *Out of Rs. 18532.84 cr Claims paid in 2017-18, Rs. 17254 cr has been paid in Kharif 2017 itself. Claims for Rabi 2017-18 are provisional and under process |                        |                          |               |               |              |                                                     |                                                     |                                                     |                                                     |                                                     |                                               |                                               |                                               |                                               |                                               |                     |                          |                   |                   |                   |                   |

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