Lok Sabha Question No. 292 (STARRED), answered on 2020-03-13
Subject: Carbon Emissions
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: V. Kalanidhi, Aparajita Sarangi

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA

## STARRED QUESTION NO. 292

TO BE ANSWERED ON 13.03.2020

## Carbon Emissions

## *292.   DR. KALANIDHI VEERASWAMY: SHRIMATI APARAJITA SARANGI

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) India's ranking in the world in respect of carbon emissions;
- (b) whether the  Government has fixed any target to  reduce carbon emission within the country;
- (c) if so, the details thereof; and
- (d) the steps taken or proposed to be taken by the Government in this regard?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER FOR ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI PRAKASH JAVADEKAR)

- (a) to (d): A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

***

## STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART  (a)  to  (d)  OF  LOK  SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 292 BY DR. KALANIDHI VEERASWAMY; SHRIMATI APARAJITA SARANGI REGARDING 'CARBON EMISSIONS'.

(a) India  has  ratified  the  United  Nations  Framework  Convention  on  Climate  Change (UNFCCC)  which  is  the  primary  multilateral  treaty  governing  actions  to  combat  climate change  through  adaptation  and  mitigation  efforts  directed  at  control  of  emission  of  Green House Gases (GHGs) that cause global warming. The Parties under the Convention submit their National Communication and Biennial Update Report (BUR) to the UNFCCC. Based on countries  submission,  the  UNFCCC  Secretariat  does  not  undertake  any  ranking  on  their carbon emissions.

According  to  India's  second  Biennial  Update  Report  (BUR)  submitted  to  UNFCCC  in December  2018,  the  per  capita  GHG  emission  in  India  was  1.8  tonnes  of  carbon  dioxide (CO2)  equivalent  and  net  GHG  emission  was  2.306  billion  tonnes  of  CO2  equivalent.  The total  CO2  emission  with  Land  Use,  Land-Use  Change  and  Forestry  (LULUCF)  was1.69 billion  tonnes  and  per  capita  emission  of  CO2  was  approximately  1.3  tonnes  in  2014. However,  India's  share  in  cumulative  historical  global  greenhouse  gas  emissions  is  only about 3 percent and India's per capita emissions are just about one-third of global average. According to the Global Carbon budgets and Equity in Climate Change, published in 2010, the historical carbon spaces occupied by various countries in 2009 (with 1850 as base year) are:  USA:  29%;  other  Developed  countries:  45%;  China:  10%  and  India:  3%.  India's contribution to the problem of climate change is limited but its actions are fair and ambitious.

(b)  and  (c)  Under  the  Paris  Agreement,  India  has  submitted  its  Nationally  Determined Contribution  (NDC)  to  UNFCCC  to  reduce  the  emission  intensity  of  its  Gross  Domestic Product  (GDP)  by  33  to  35  percent  by  2030  from  2005  level. It  has  envisaged  achieving about  40  percent  cumulative  electric  power  installed  capacity  from  non-fossil  fuel  based energy resources by 2030 with the help of transfer of technology and low cost international finance including from Green Climate Fund (GCF) and create an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent through additional forest and tree cover by 2030.

(d) The  intended  actions  focus  on  country's  policies  and  programs  on  promotion  of renewable energy; enhancement of energy efficiency; development of less carbon intensive, resilient  urban  centers;  promotion  of  waste  to  energy;  safe,  smart  and  sustainable  green transportation network; abatement of pollution; and efforts to enhance carbon sink through creation  of  forest  and  tree  cover.  A  reduction  in  emission  intensity  of  GDP  by  21%  over 2005-2014 has already been achieved.

Further,  Government  is  implementing  National  Action  Plan  on  Climate  Change  (NAPCC) which provides an overarching policy framework for climate actionsin the country with eight Missions-(i)  National  Solar  Mission  (ii)  National  Mission  on  Enhanced  Energy  Efficiency (iii)  National  Water  Mission  (iv)  National  Mission  on  Sustainable  Habitat  (v)  National Mission  on  Sustaining  Himalayan  Ecosystem  (vi)  National  Green  India  Mission  (vii) National  Mission  on  Sustainable  Agriculture  and  (viii)  National  Mission  on  Strategic Knowledge on Climate Change. To support the objectives of NAPCC, 33 States and Union Territories  have  already  prepared  their  State  Action  Plan  on  Climate  Change  (SAPCC)  to address State specific actions. In addition, the Government has also established the National Adaptation  Fund  for  Climate  Change  (NAFCC)  to  support  climate  adaptation  actions  of States and Union Territories in the country.