Lok Sabha Question No. 71 (STARRED), answered on 2018-12-14
Subject: Pollution in Rivers
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: ASHOK MAHADEORAO NETE, NIHAL CHAND CHAUHAN

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 71

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 14.12.2018

## Pollution in Rivers

*71. SHRI ASHOK MAHADEORAO NETE: SHRI NIHAL CHAND:

- Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state: (a) whether  waste  disposal  into  rivers  is  causing  pollution  in  various  rivers  of  the country and if so, the details thereof, river and State/UT-wise; (b) whether the Government has made any assessment of the untreated contaminated water and industrial waste flowing into various rivers in the country and if so, the details thereof; (c) the  total  amount  spent  on  the  cleaning  of  various  rivers  during  each  of  the  last three years and the current year, river and State/UT-wise; (d) whether  the  Government  has  made  any  assessment  of  the  progress  made  in cleaning  of  major  rivers  of  the  country  and  if  so,  the  details  thereof  and  the  success achieved in this regard; and the  other  steps  taken  and  schemes  formulated  by  the  Government  to  check
- (e) pollution and make major rivers of the country pollution free?

## ANSWER

MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND CLIMATE CHANGE (DR. MAHESH SHARMA)

- (a) to (e) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.

*****

O.I.H.

## Statement  referred  to  in  reply  to  parts  (a)  to  (e)  of  Lok  Sabha  Starred  Question No.71 to be answered on Friday, the 14 th December, 2018 on 'Pollution in Rivers' by Shri Ashok Mahadeorao Nete and Shri Nihal Chand

(a) & (b) Pollution load in rivers has  increased  over  the years due  to rapid urbanization  and  industrialization.  Rivers  in  the  country  are  mainly  polluted  due  to discharge  of  untreated  and  partially  treated  sewage  from  cities/towns  and  industrial effluents.  Non-point sources of pollution  like  agricultural runoff,  open defecation,  runoff from solid waste dump sites, etc. also contribute to pollution of rivers.  Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in association with the State Pollution Control Boards monitors the water quality of rivers across the country through a network of monitoring stations under the National Water Quality Monitoring Programme. As per the report published by CPCB in September 2018, 351 polluted river stretches have been identified on 323 rivers based on Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) levels, a key indicator of organic pollution.  The State-wise details of identified polluted river stretches are at Annexure-I.

As per another report published by CPCB in March, 2015, the sewage generation from urban areas in the country is estimated at 61,948 million litres per day (mld), against which the available sewage treatment capacity is only 23,277 mld (37% of the sewage generation).    The  State-wise  details  of  sewage  generation  from  urban  areas  and corresponding sewage treatment capacity available are at Annexure-II.

(c) to (e) Pollution abatement of rivers is a continuous and ongoing process. It is the responsibility  of  the  State  Governments/  concerned  local  bodies  to  set  up  facilities  for collection,  transportation  and  treatment  of  sewage  for  abatement  of  pollution  of  rivers. This Ministry has been supplementing the efforts of the State Governments in abatement of pollution in rivers under the scheme of National River Conservation Plan (NRCP), on a cost  sharing  basis  between  the  Central  and  State  Governments.  NRCP  {excluding Ganga  and  its  tributaries,  which  are  handled  by  Ministry  of  Water  Resources,  River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation (MoWR,RD&GR) from 01/08/2014 onwards} has so far  covered  polluted  stretches  of  33  rivers    in  76  towns  spread  over  15  States  in  the country at a  sanctioned cost of Rs. 4801.57 crore,  and Central share of Rs. 2337.73 crore  has  been  released  to  the  State  Governments  for  implementation  of  various pollution abatement schemes. Sewage treatment capacity of 2520.43 mld  (million litres per day)  has  been created so far under the NRCP resulting in reduction in pollution load being discharged into the rivers. State-wise details of rivers covered and funds released during the last three years and current financial year under NRCP are given at AnnexureIII .

State Governments, apart from their own budgetary allocation, are also accessing financial assistance for creation of sewerage infrastructure, including sewage treatment plants  (STPs),  in  various  cities/towns  under  Atal  Mission  for  Rejuvenation  and  Urban Transformation  (AMRUT)  and  Smart  Cities  Mission  of  Ministry  of  Housing  &  Urban Affairs as well as Namami Gange programme of MoWR,RD&GR. The details of amount spent by National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) of MoWR,RD&GR under Namami Gange programme during last three years and current year  are at Annexure -IV.

To  ensure  proper  treatment  of  municipal  wastewater  before  discharge  into  the rivers, CPCB has issued directions under Section 18 1(b) of the Water (Prevention and Control  of  Pollution)  Act,  1974  in  April,  2015  to  all  the  State  Pollution  Control  Boards (SPCBs)/Pollution Control Committees (PCCs) in the country for setting up of STPs in their respective States. CPCB has also issued directions in October, 2015 to municipal authorities  of  184  towns  (66  metropolitan  cities  and  State  capitals  +  towns  along  river Ganga)  under  Section  5  of  the  Environment  (Protection)  Act,  1986  to  ensure  proper treatment and disposal of sewage generated for abatement of pollution of rivers.

Further, to control discharge of industrial effluents, CPCB  and  respective SPCBs/PCCs monitor industries with respect to effluent discharge standards and take action  for  non-compliance  under  the  Water  (Prevention  and  Control  of  Pollution)  Act, 1974  and  the  Environment  (Protection)  Act,  1986.  To  improve  the  monitoring  of compliance, directions have been issued by CPCB to specific industries to install online 24x7 effluent monitoring systems. Steps have also been taken by CPCB to promote low waste concept in grossly water polluting industries, particularly those located on the river banks.

****

## Annexure-I referred to in reply to parts (a) & (b) of Lok Sabha Starred Question No. 71 to be answered on Friday, the 14 th December, 2018 on 'Pollution in Rivers'

## State-Wise Polluted River Stretches

|   S.No. | Name Of State                     | Name of Polluted River Stretches                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | Number   |
|---------|-----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------|
|       1 | Andhra Pradesh                    | Kundu, Tungabhadra, Godavari, Krishna, Nagavali                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 5        |
|       2 | Assam                             | Bharalu, Borsola, Deepar Bill, Digboi, Kamalpur, Panchnai Brahamputra, Kharsang, Pagldia, Barak, Baroi Bega, Beki, Bhogdoi, Boginadi, Borbeel, Bordoibam Beelmukh, Burhidihing, Dhansiri, Dikhow, Dikrong, Diplai, Disang, Gabharu, Holudunga, Jai Bharali, Jhanji, Kalong, Kapili, Killing, Kohora, Kulsi, Malini, Mora Bharali, Parashali, Puthimari, Ranga, Samaguri, Sankosh, Silsako, Sorusola, Son, Sonai, Tenga Pukhuri | 44       |
|       3 | Bihar                             | Sirsia, Farmar, Ganga, Poonpun, Ram Rekha, Sikrahna                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | 6        |
|       4 | Chhattisgarh                      | Hasdeo, Kharoon, Mahanadi, Seonath, Kelo                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | 5        |
|       5 | Daman, Diu and Dadra Nagar Haveli | Damangang                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |          |
|       6 | Delhi                             | Yamuna,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | 1        |
|       7 | Goa                               | Sal, Mandovi, Talpona, Assonora, Bicholim, Chapora, Khandepar, Sinquerim, Tiracol, Valvant, Zuari                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | 11       |
|       8 | Gujarat                           | Amlakhadi, Bhadar, Bhogavo, Khari, Sabarmati, Vishwamitri, Dhadar, Triveni, Amravati (Tributary Of Narmada), Damanganga, Kolak, Mahi, Shedhi, Tapi, Anas, Balehwar Khadi, Kim, Meshwa, Mindhola, Narmada                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | 20       |
|       9 | Haryana                           | Ghaggar, Yamuna                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 2        |
|      10 | Himachal Pradesh                  | Sukhana, Markanda, Sirsa, Ashwani, Beas, Giri, Pabbar                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | 7        |
|      11 | Jammu & Kashmir                   | Devika, Banganga, Chunt Kol, Gawkadal, Tawi, Basanter, Chenab, Jhelam, Sindh                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 9        |
|      12 | Jharkhand                         | Garga, Sankh, Subarnarekha, Damodar, Jumar, Konar, Nalkari                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 7        |
|      13 | Karnataka                         | Arkavathi, Lakshmantirtha, Malprbha, Tungabhadra, Bhadra, Cauvery, Kabini, Kagina, Kali, Krishna, Shimsha, Asangi Nalla, Bhima, Kumardhara, Netravathi, Tunga, Yagachi                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | 17       |
|      14 | Kerala                            | Karamana, Bharathapuzha, Kadambayar, Keecheri, Manimala, Pamba, Bhavani, Chitrapuzha, Kadalundy, Kallai, Karuvannur, Kavvai, Kuppam, Kuttiyady, Mogral, Periyar, Peruvamba, Puzhackal, Ramapuram, Thirur, Uppala                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 21       |
|      15 | Madhya Pradesh                    | Chambal, Khan, Kshipra, Betwa, Sone, Gohad, Kolar, Tapi, Bichia, Chamla, Choupan, Kalisot, Kanhan, Katni, Kunda, Malei, Mandakini (Mp), Newaj, Parvati, Simrar, Tons, Wainganga                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 22       |

| 16   | Maharashtra   | Godavari, Kalu, Kundalika, Mithi, Morna, Mula, Mutha, Nira, Vel, Bhima, Indrayani, Mula-Mutha, Pawana, Wainganga, Wardha, Ghod, Kanhan, Kolar (Mah), Krishna, Mor, Patalganga, Pedhi, Penganga, Purna, Tapi, Urmodi, Venna, Waghur, Wena, Bindusar, Bori, Chandrabhaga, Darna, Girna, Hiwara, Koyna, Pehlar, Sina, Titur, Amba, Bhatsa, Gomai, Kan, Manjeera, Panchganga, Panzara, Rangavali, Savitri, Surya, Tansa, Ulhas, Vaitarna, Vashisti   |   53 |
|------|---------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------|
| 17   | Manipur       | Nambul, Imphal, Iril, Khuga, Khujairok, Lokchao, Manipur, Thoubal, Wangjing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |    9 |
| 18   | Meghalaya     | Umkhrah, Umshyrpi, Kyrhukhla, Nonbah, Umtrew, Lukha, Myntdu                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |    7 |
| 19   | Mizoram       | Tiau, Tlawng, Tuipui, Tuivawl, Chite, Mat, Saikah, Tuikual, Tuirial                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |    9 |
| 20   | Nagaland      | Dhansiri, Dzuna, Chathe, Dzu, Dzucha, Sano                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |    6 |
| 21   | Odisha        | Gangua, Guradih Nallah, Kathajodi, Nandirajhor, Daya, Kuakhai, Banguru Nallah, Bheden, Brahamani, Budhabalnaga, Kusumi, Mahanadi, Mangala, Nagavalli, Nuna, Ratnachira, Rushikulya, Sabulia, Serua                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |   19 |
| 22   | Puducherry    | Arasalar, Chunnambar                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |    2 |
| 23   | Punjab        | Ghaggar, Satluj, Kali Bein, Beas                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |    4 |
| 24   | Rajasthan     | Banas, Chambal,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |    2 |
| 25   | Sikkim        | Maney Khola, Rangit, Ranichu, Teesta                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |    4 |
| 26   | Tamil Nadu    | Cauvery, Sarabanga, Thirumanim Uthar, Vasista, Bhavani, Tambirapani                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |    6 |
| 27   | Telangana     | Musi, Manjeera, Nakkavagu, Karakavagu, Maner, Godavari, Kinnersani, Krishna                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |    8 |
| 28   | Tripura       | Burigaon, Gumti, Haora, Juri, Khowai, Manu                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |    6 |
| 29   | Uttar Pradesh | Hindon, Kalinadi, Varuna, Yamuna, Gomti, Ganga, Ramganga, Betwa, Ghaghara, Rapti, Sai, Saryu                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |   12 |
| 30   | Uttarakhand   | Bhela, Dhela, Suswa, Kichha, Kalyani, Ganga, Kosi, Nandour, Pilkhar                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |    9 |
| 31   | West Bengal   | Vindhadhari, Mahananda, Churni, Dwarka, Ganga, Damodar, Jalangi, Kansi, Mathabhanga, Barakar, Dwarakeshwar, Kaljani, Karola, Mayurkashi, Rupnarayan, Silabati, Teesta                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |   17 |
|      | Grand Total : |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |  351 |

## Annexure-II referred to in reply to parts (a) & (b) of Lok Sabha Starred Question No. 71 to be answered on Friday, the 14 th December, 2018 on 'Pollution in Rivers'

State-wise details of sewage generation in urban areas and treatment capacity available

| Sl. No.   | State/Union Territory   | Sewage Generation in urban areas   | Installed Treatment Capacity (mld)   | Number of STPs   |
|-----------|-------------------------|------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|------------------|
| 1.        | Andaman & Nicobar       | (mld) 22                           | -                                    | -                |
| 2.        | Islands Andhra Pradesh  | 2871                               | 247.27                               | 12               |
| 3.        | Arunachal Pradesh       | 50                                 | -                                    | -                |
| 4.        | Assam                   | 703                                | 0.21                                 | 1                |
| 5.        | Bihar                   | 1879                               | 124.55                               | 6                |
| 6.        | Chandigarh              | 164                                | 314.5                                | 5                |
| 7.        | Chhattisgarh            | 951                                | -                                    | -                |
| 8.        | Dadra & Nagar Haveli    | 26                                 | -                                    | -                |
| 9.        | Daman & Diu             | 29                                 | -                                    | -                |
| 10.       | Goa                     | 145                                | 74.58                                | 7                |
| 11.       | Gujarat                 | 4119                               | 3062.92                              | 51               |
| 12.       | Haryana                 | 1413                               | 852.7                                | 41               |
| 13.       | Himachal Pradesh        | 110                                | 114.72                               | 66               |
| 14.       | Jammu & Kashmir         | 547                                | 264.74                               | 19               |
| 15.       | Jharkhand               | 1270                               | 117.24                               | 15               |
| 16.       | Karnataka               | 3777                               | 1304.16                              | 57               |
| 17.       | Kerala                  | 2552                               | 152.97                               | 10               |
| 18.       | Lakshadweep             | 8                                  | -                                    | -                |
| 19.       | Madhya Pradesh          | 3214                               | 482.23                               | 17               |
| 20.       | Maharashtra             | 8143                               | 5160.36                              | 76               |
| 21.       | Manipur                 | 132                                | -                                    | -                |
| 22.       | Meghalaya               | 95                                 | 1                                    | 1                |
| 23.       | Mizoram                 | 90                                 | 10                                   | 1                |
| 24.       | Nagaland                | 92                                 | -                                    | -                |
| 25.       | Delhi                   | 4155                               | 2693.7                               | 35               |
| 26.       | Odisha                  | 1121                               | 385.54                               | 13               |
| 27.       | Puducherry              | 136                                | 68.5                                 | 6                |
| 28.       | Punjab                  | 1664                               | 1245.45                              | 86               |
| 29.       | Rajasthan               | 2736                               | 865.92                               | 63               |
| 30.       | Sikkim                  | 24                                 | 31.88                                | 11               |
| 31.       | Tamil Nadu              | 5599                               | 1799.72                              | 73               |
| 32.       | Telangana               | 1671                               | 685.8                                | 18               |
| 33.       | Tripura                 | 154                                | 0.05                                 | 1                |
| 34.       | Uttar Pradesh           | 7124                               | 2646.84                              | 73               |
| 35.       | Uttarakhand             | 495                                | 152.9                                | 24               |
| 36.       | West Bengal             | 4667                               | 416.9                                | 28               |
| Total     | Total                   | 61948                              | 23277                                | 816              |

## Annexure-III

## Annexure-III referred to in reply to parts (c) to (e) of Lok Sabha Starred Question No. 71 to be answered on Friday, the 14 th December, 2018 on 'Pollution in Rivers'

Details of the funds released to the State Governments during the last three years and the current financial year for pollution abatement works under National River Conservation Plan (NRCP)

(Rs. in crore)

| Sl. No.   | State           | River                  | 2015-16   | 2016-17   | 2017-18   | 2018-19 (till 30.11.2018)   |   Total |
|-----------|-----------------|------------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------------------------|---------|
| 1.        | Gujarat         | Sabarmati & Mindola    | 24.12     | 71.40     | 62.00     | 50.00                       |  207.52 |
| 2.        | Jammu & Kashmir | Devika & Tawi          | -         | -         | -         | 30.00                       |   30    |
| 3.        | Maharashtra     | Mula Mutha             | 4.99      | 21.00     | 31.75     | -                           |   57.74 |
| 4.        | Punjab          | Ghaggar, Beas & Satluj | 17.61     | --        | 50.00     | -                           |   67.61 |
| 5.        | Kerala          | Pamba                  | 5.00      | --        | --        | -                           |    5    |
| 6.        | Sikkim          | Rani Chu               | 1.00      | 5.00      | 18.01     | 17.00                       |   41.01 |
| 7.        | Nagaland        | Diphu & Dhansiri       | 10.00     | --        | 5.00      | 5.00                        |   20    |
| 8.        | Odisha          | Coastal Area (Puri)    | --        | --        | 1.99      | -                           |    1.99 |
| Total     | Total           |                        | 62.72     | 97.40     | 168.75    | 102.00                      |  430.87 |

## Annexure-IV referred to in reply to parts (c) to (e) of Lok Sabha Starred Question No. 71 to be answered on Friday, the 14 th December, 2018 on 'Pollution in Rivers'

Details of amount spent by National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) under Namami Gange programme on Ganga & its tributaries.

|                  |         |         |          |                           | (Rs.In crore)   |
|------------------|---------|---------|----------|---------------------------|-----------------|
|                  | 2015-16 | 2016-17 | 2017-18  | 2018-19 (till 30.11.2018) | Total           |
| Ganga            | Ganga   | Ganga   | Ganga    | Ganga                     | Ganga           |
| Bihar            | 120.23  | 82.03   | 356.27   | 262.22                    | 820.75          |
| Jharkhand        | 27.83   | 46.18   | 7.57     | 53.44                     | 135.02          |
| UP               | 147.58  | 587.17  | 473.64   | 429.73                    | 1,638.12        |
| Uttrakhand       | 30.26   | 30.66   | 183.61   | 195.29                    | 439.82          |
| West Bengal      | 185.79  | 114.25  | 244.01   | 167.30                    | 711.35          |
| Sub Total        | 511.69  | 860.29  | 1,265.10 | 1,107.98                  | 3,745.06        |
| Yamuna           | Yamuna  | Yamuna  | Yamuna   | Yamuna                    | Yamuna          |
| Haryana          | 30.00   | 52.73   | 6.88     | -                         | 89.61           |
| Delhi            | 4.96    | 2.17    | 81.57    | 190.69                    | 279.39          |
| Sub Total        | 34.96   | 54.90   | 88.45    | 190.69                    | 369.00          |
| Betwa            | Betwa   | Betwa   | Betwa    | Betwa                     | Betwa           |
| Madhya Pradesh   | 3.39    | 6.50    | -        | -                         | 9.89            |
| Sub Total        | 3.39    | 6.50    | -        | -                         | 9.89            |
| Chambal          | Chambal | Chambal | Chambal  | Chambal                   | Chambal         |
| Rajasthan        | -       | 20.00   | -        | -                         | 20.00           |
| Sub Total        | -       | 20.00   | -        | -                         | 20.00           |
| Other activities | 52.56   | 121.12  | 271.56   | 233.91                    | 679.15          |
| Total            | 602.60  | 1062.81 | 1625.11  | 1,532.58                  | 4,823.10        |

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