Lok Sabha Question No. 3352 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2019-07-12
Subject: Average Life Expectancy
Ministry: HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
Asked by: Supriya Sadanand Sule, Heena Vijaykumar Gavit, Kuldeep Rai Sharma, Subhash Ramrao Bhamre, Amol Ramsing Kolhe, Sunil Dattatray Tatkare

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3352 TH

TO BE ANSWERED ON 12 JULY, 2019

## AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTA NCY

## 3352. SHRIMATI SUPRIYA SULE:

DR. HEENA GAVIT:

SHRI KULDEEP RAI SHARMA:

DR. SUBHASH RAMRAO BHAMRE:

DR. AMOL RAMSING KOLHE:

SHRI SUNIL DATTATRAY TATKARE:

Will the Minister of HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the life expectancy in the country has increased over the last two decades, if so, the details thereof;
- (b) the details of factors responsible for the same indicating the average life expectancy of the people during each of the last three census and the current census, gender and State/UT - wise;
- (c) whether the Governmen t has identified the health challenges to be faced by the country in the coming years with the increased life expectancy of people;
- (d)  if  so,  the  details  thereof  and  the steps  taken/proposed  by  the  Government to  meet  these challenges; and
- (e) the other measures taken/proposed by the Government for providing better health services to ensure healthy life and to further improve the average life expectancy of people in the country?

## ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

(SHRI ASHWINI KUMAR CHOUBEY)

- (a) Estimates based on the Sample Registration System (SRS)  of the Office of the Regis General  &  Census  Commissioner,  India,  show  that  the  average  life  expectancy  at  birth increased  from  60.7  years  during  1992 - 96    to  6 8.7  years  during  the  period  2012 - 16  (latest available).

Estimated expectation of life at birth (in years) by sex, India, 1992 - 96 to 2012 - 16 is given at Annexure -I.

(b) The  increase  in  life  expectancy  in  our  country  is  the  result  of  rapid  decline  i & maternal  mortality  and  increased  immunization  against  infectious  diseases  in  childhoo early adulthood. Besides this, access to better housing, sanitation, education, a trend families, growing incomes and other public health measures such as preventive and prommotive healthcare, etc contributed enormously in this epidemiological transition.

Decennial Census does not provide information on life expectancy. expectation of life at birth for India and bigger States based on the Sample Registration System (SRS), State - wise & gender - wise estimates for the periods 1990 - 94, 2 00 - 04, 2009 - 13 and 2012 -16 are available at Annexure -II .

Estimate

(c)&(d): A cross - sectional multi - centric community based study of elderly population aged 60 years and above conducted jointly by the Government and WHO Country Office in India ha revealed that diseases like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischaemic heart disease , poor vision, difficulty in hearing, anaemia, arthritis, fall / fractures, bowel complaints, urinary depression, weight loss, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, TB are common amo older patients.

Recognizing the need for speciali zed accessible health care for the elderly, the Government ha launched various programmes, including the National Programme for Health Care of Elder (NPHCE)  and  Integrated  Programme  for  Older  Persons  such  as  Ayushman  Bharat.  These programmes aim to prov ide health care facilities to senior citizens (aged 60 years and abo primary, secondary and tertiary health care delivery system and to further increase the life  expectancy  of  people.  The  Government  has  also  enacted  'Maintenance  and  Welfare  o f Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007' .

(e): The other measures taken/proposed by the Government for providing better health ser to ensure healthy life and to further improve the average life expectancy of people in th are as follows:

Mob ilization of public health action at multiple levels

- Public funding on health should be increased to at least 2.5 per cent of GDP as env in the National Health Policy, 2017.
- Create  an  environment,  through  appropriate  policy  measures,  that encourages  healthy choices and behaviours including Yoga and other physical activities.
- Increase taxes on tobacco, alcohol and unhealthy foods such as soda and sugar sweet beverages.
- Co - locate AYUSH services in at least 50 per cent of primary health ce ntres, 70 per cent of community health centres and 100 per cent of district hospitals by 2022 - 23 to expand the choices of healthcare.
- Continuum of care is being provided to all elderly citizen of age above 60  years preventive  and  prommotive  up  to  reha bilitation  in  Geriatric  units  of  District  Hospita Community Health Centres and Primary Health Centres under National programme for Healthcare of Elderly (NPHCE).
- Palliative care is being provided to terminal cases of Cancer, AIDS, etc under Na programme for Palliative  Care(NPPC)
- Develop a comprehensive MIS including baseline data for NCDs.

## Annexure -I

Expectation of life at birth (in years) by sex, India, 1992 - 96 to 2012 - 16

| Period    |   Mid -Year |   Total |   Male |   Female |
|-----------|-------------|---------|--------|----------|
| 1992- 96  |        1994 |    60.7 |   60.1 |     61.4 |
| 1993- 97  |        1995 |    61.1 |   60.4 |     61.8 |
| 1994- 98  |        1996 |    61.4 |   60.6 |     62.2 |
| 1995- 99# |        1997 |    61.5 |   60.8 |     62.3 |
| 1996- 00# |        1998 |    61.9 |   61.2 |     62.7 |
| 1997- 01# |        1999 |    62.3 |   61.4 |     63.3 |
| 1998- 02  |        2000 |    62.9 |   61.9 |     64   |
| 1999- 03  |        2001 |    63.4 |   62.3 |     64.6 |
| 2000- 04  |        2002 |    63.9 |   62.8 |     65.2 |
| 2001- 05  |        2003 |    64.3 |   63.1 |     65.6 |
| 2002- 06  |        2004 |    64.7 |   63.5 |     66.1 |
| 2003- 07  |        2005 |    65   |   63.7 |     66.5 |
| 2004- 08  |        2006 |    65.4 |   64   |     66.9 |
| 2005- 09  |        2007 |    65.7 |   64.3 |     67.2 |
| 2006- 10  |        2008 |    66.1 |   64.6 |     67.7 |
| 2007- 11  |        2009 |    66.5 |   64.9 |     68.2 |
| 2008- 12  |        2010 |    67   |   65.4 |     68.8 |
| 2009- 13  |        2011 |    67.5 |   65.8 |     69.3 |
| 2010- 14  |        2012 |    67.9 |   66.4 |     69.6 |
| 2011- 15  |        2013 |    68.3 |   66.9 |     70   |
| 2012- 16  |        2014 |    68.7 |   67.4 |     70.2 |

Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Tables (year - wise) -Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.

## Expectation of life at birth for India and bigger States, gender - wise

| Sl. No                                                                                                                | India / State                                                                                                         |                                                                                                                       |                                                                                                                       |                                                                                                                       | Period                                                                                                                | Period                                                                                                                | Period                                                                                                                | Period                                                                                                                | Period                                                                                                                | Period                                                                                                                | Period                                                                                                                | Period                                                                                                                | Period                                                                                                                |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|                                                                                                                       |                                                                                                                       | 1990-94                                                                                                               | 1990-94                                                                                                               | 1990-94                                                                                                               | 2000-04                                                                                                               | 2000-04                                                                                                               | 2000-04                                                                                                               | 2009-13                                                                                                               | 2009-13                                                                                                               | 2009-13                                                                                                               | 2012-16                                                                                                               | 2012-16                                                                                                               | 2012-16                                                                                                               |
|                                                                                                                       |                                                                                                                       | Total                                                                                                                 | Male                                                                                                                  | Female                                                                                                                | Total                                                                                                                 | Male                                                                                                                  | Female                                                                                                                | Total                                                                                                                 | Male                                                                                                                  | Female                                                                                                                | Total                                                                                                                 | Male                                                                                                                  | Female                                                                                                                |
| India                                                                                                                 | India                                                                                                                 | 60.0                                                                                                                  | 59.4                                                                                                                  | 60.4                                                                                                                  | 63.9                                                                                                                  | 62.8                                                                                                                  | 65.2                                                                                                                  | 67.5                                                                                                                  | 65.8                                                                                                                  | 69.3                                                                                                                  | 68.7                                                                                                                  | 67.4                                                                                                                  | 70.2                                                                                                                  |
| 1                                                                                                                     | Andhra Pradesh                                                                                                        | 61.2                                                                                                                  | 60.1                                                                                                                  | 62.2                                                                                                                  | 64.6                                                                                                                  | 62.3                                                                                                                  | 67.1                                                                                                                  | 67.9                                                                                                                  | 65.5                                                                                                                  | 69.6                                                                                                                  | 69.6                                                                                                                  | 68.0                                                                                                                  | 71.4                                                                                                                  |
| 2                                                                                                                     | Assam                                                                                                                 | 55.1                                                                                                                  | 54.6                                                                                                                  | 55.8                                                                                                                  | 58.8                                                                                                                  | 58.2                                                                                                                  | 59.6                                                                                                                  | 63.3                                                                                                                  | 61.9                                                                                                                  | 65.5                                                                                                                  | 65.5                                                                                                                  | 64.4                                                                                                                  | 66.8                                                                                                                  |
| 3                                                                                                                     | Bihar                                                                                                                 | 58.9                                                                                                                  | 59.9                                                                                                                  | 57.8                                                                                                                  | 64.1                                                                                                                  | 64.3                                                                                                                  | 63.9                                                                                                                  | 67.7                                                                                                                  | 67.3                                                                                                                  | 68.7                                                                                                                  | 68.7                                                                                                                  | 68.9                                                                                                                  | 68.5                                                                                                                  |
| 4                                                                                                                     | Chhattisgarh                                                                                                          | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | 65.2                                                                                                                  | 63.6                                                                                                                  | 66.8                                                                                                                  |
| 5                                                                                                                     | Delhi                                                                                                                 | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | 74.2                                                                                                                  | 72.7                                                                                                                  | 75.9                                                                                                                  |
| 6                                                                                                                     | Gujarat                                                                                                               | 60.5                                                                                                                  | 59.4                                                                                                                  | 61.4                                                                                                                  | 65.6                                                                                                                  | 63.7                                                                                                                  | 67.6                                                                                                                  | 68.2                                                                                                                  | 66.0                                                                                                                  | 70.5                                                                                                                  | 69.5                                                                                                                  | 67.4                                                                                                                  | 71.8                                                                                                                  |
| 7                                                                                                                     | Haryana                                                                                                               | 63.2                                                                                                                  | 62.8                                                                                                                  | 63.9                                                                                                                  | 66.1                                                                                                                  | 64.6                                                                                                                  | 67.8                                                                                                                  | 68.2                                                                                                                  | 65.8                                                                                                                  | 70.9                                                                                                                  | 69.4                                                                                                                  | 67.2                                                                                                                  | 72.0                                                                                                                  |
| 8                                                                                                                     | Himachal Pradesh                                                                                                      | 64.2                                                                                                                  | 63.9                                                                                                                  | 64.3                                                                                                                  | 69.5                                                                                                                  | 67.3                                                                                                                  | 72.0                                                                                                                  | 71.0                                                                                                                  | 69.0                                                                                                                  | 73.1                                                                                                                  | 72.3                                                                                                                  | 69.4                                                                                                                  | 75.5                                                                                                                  |
| 9                                                                                                                     | Jammu & Kashmir                                                                                                       | n.a.                                                                                                                  | n.a.                                                                                                                  | n.a.                                                                                                                  | 67.3                                                                                                                  | 65.9                                                                                                                  | 68.9                                                                                                                  | 72.0                                                                                                                  | 70.6                                                                                                                  | 74.0                                                                                                                  | 73.5                                                                                                                  | 71.6                                                                                                                  | 76.2                                                                                                                  |
| 10                                                                                                                    | Jharkhand                                                                                                             | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | 67.9                                                                                                                  | 67.8                                                                                                                  | 68.0                                                                                                                  |
| 11                                                                                                                    | Karnataka                                                                                                             | 62.3                                                                                                                  | 60.4                                                                                                                  | 63.8                                                                                                                  | 65.8                                                                                                                  | 63.3                                                                                                                  | 68.6                                                                                                                  | 68.5                                                                                                                  | 66.4                                                                                                                  | 70.8                                                                                                                  | 69.1                                                                                                                  | 67.6                                                                                                                  | 70.7                                                                                                                  |
| 12                                                                                                                    | Kerala                                                                                                                | 72.7                                                                                                                  | 69.5                                                                                                                  | 75.3                                                                                                                  | 73.2                                                                                                                  | 70.3                                                                                                                  | 76.1                                                                                                                  | 74.8                                                                                                                  | 71.8                                                                                                                  | 77.8                                                                                                                  | 75.1                                                                                                                  | 72.2                                                                                                                  | 77.9                                                                                                                  |
| 13                                                                                                                    | Madhya Pradesh                                                                                                        | 54.5                                                                                                                  | 54.4                                                                                                                  | 54.5                                                                                                                  | 59.3                                                                                                                  | 58.6                                                                                                                  | 60.0                                                                                                                  | 63.8                                                                                                                  | 62.3                                                                                                                  | 65.5                                                                                                                  | 65.4                                                                                                                  | 63.7                                                                                                                  | 67.2                                                                                                                  |
| 14                                                                                                                    | Maharashtra                                                                                                           | 64.5                                                                                                                  | 63.3                                                                                                                  | 65.5                                                                                                                  | 67.5                                                                                                                  | 65.8                                                                                                                  | 69.2                                                                                                                  | 71.3                                                                                                                  | 69.4                                                                                                                  | 73.4                                                                                                                  | 72.2                                                                                                                  | 70.8                                                                                                                  | 73.7                                                                                                                  |
| 15                                                                                                                    | Odisha                                                                                                                | 55.9                                                                                                                  | 56.2                                                                                                                  | 55.7                                                                                                                  | 60.4                                                                                                                  | 59.3                                                                                                                  | 61.5                                                                                                                  | 64.8                                                                                                                  | 63.8                                                                                                                  | 65.9                                                                                                                  | 67.6                                                                                                                  | 66.2                                                                                                                  | 69.1                                                                                                                  |
| 16                                                                                                                    | Punjab                                                                                                                | 67.0                                                                                                                  | 65.7                                                                                                                  | 67.9                                                                                                                  | 68.3                                                                                                                  | 67.2                                                                                                                  | 69.5                                                                                                                  | 71.1                                                                                                                  | 69.1                                                                                                                  | 73.4                                                                                                                  | 72.5                                                                                                                  | 71.0                                                                                                                  | 74.2                                                                                                                  |
| 17                                                                                                                    | Rajasthan                                                                                                             | 58.6                                                                                                                  | 58.0                                                                                                                  | 59.1                                                                                                                  | 64.1                                                                                                                  | 62.6                                                                                                                  | 65.6                                                                                                                  | 67.5                                                                                                                  | 65.4                                                                                                                  | 70.0                                                                                                                  | 68.3                                                                                                                  | 66.1                                                                                                                  | 70.7                                                                                                                  |
| 18                                                                                                                    | Tamil Nadu                                                                                                            | 62.9                                                                                                                  | 61.8                                                                                                                  | 63.9                                                                                                                  | 66.7                                                                                                                  | 65.3                                                                                                                  | 68.2                                                                                                                  | 70.2                                                                                                                  | 68.2                                                                                                                  | 72.3                                                                                                                  | 71.4                                                                                                                  | 69.5                                                                                                                  | 73.4                                                                                                                  |
| 19                                                                                                                    | Uttar Pradesh                                                                                                         | 56.5                                                                                                                  | 56.8                                                                                                                  | 55.6                                                                                                                  | 60.5                                                                                                                  | 60.4                                                                                                                  | 60.7                                                                                                                  | 63.8                                                                                                                  | 62.5                                                                                                                  | 65.2                                                                                                                  | 64.8                                                                                                                  | 63.9                                                                                                                  | 65.6                                                                                                                  |
| 20                                                                                                                    | Uttarakhand                                                                                                           | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | -                                                                                                                     | - 68.5                                                                                                                | -                                                                                                                     | 71.5                                                                                                                  | 68.5 69.8                                                                                                             | 74.8                                                                                                                  |
| 21                                                                                                                    | West Bengal                                                                                                           | 61.6                                                                                                                  | 61.1                                                                                                                  | 62.3                                                                                                                  | 66.8                                                                                                                  | 65.3                                                                                                                  | 68.5                                                                                                                  | 69.9                                                                                                                  |                                                                                                                       | 71.6                                                                                                                  | 70.8                                                                                                                  |                                                                                                                       | 71.9                                                                                                                  |
| n.a -Not Available Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Table - Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | n.a -Not Available Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Table - Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | n.a -Not Available Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Table - Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | n.a -Not Available Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Table - Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | n.a -Not Available Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Table - Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | n.a -Not Available Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Table - Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | n.a -Not Available Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Table - Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | n.a -Not Available Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Table - Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | n.a -Not Available Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Table - Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | n.a -Not Available Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Table - Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | n.a -Not Available Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Table - Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | n.a -Not Available Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Table - Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | n.a -Not Available Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Table - Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | n.a -Not Available Source: SRS Based Abridged Life Table - Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India |