Lok Sabha Question No. 3911 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2020-03-18
Subject: Economic Disparity
Ministry: PLANNING
Asked by: Ramya  Haridas

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PLANNING

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 3911

TO BE ANSWERED ON 18.03.2020

## ECONOMIC DISPARITY

## 3911.  MS. RAMYA HARIDAS:

Will the Minister of PLANNING be pleased to state:

- (a) whether it is a fact that the economic disparity is continuously increasing and the property of a few people is growing drastically in the country;
- (b) if so, the details thereof along with the amount spent through social schemes to eradicate poverty, during  the last three years;
- (c) whether according to experts, the current model is proving to promote disparity instead of being pro-poor; and
- (d) if so, the steps taken/ proposed to be taken to remove the disparity among people?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF PLANNING AND MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF STATISTICS & PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION

## (RAO INDERJIT SINGH)

(a)  to  (d):  In  India,  the  data  on  class  distribution  of  income  is  not  compiled  centrally.  The primary policy objective of the Government is development of all segments of the population. The Government of India is implementing various poverty alleviation programmes in the country such as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM), Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana-  Gramin  (PMAY-G)  and  National  Social  Assistance  Programme  (NSAP).  These programmes are being implemented all over the country and aimed at overall development of rural areas as well as urban areas through creation of employment opportunities, infrastructure and provision of social security.

The details of some major schemes are as under:

(i) Mahatma  Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee  Act  (MGNREGA):MGNREGA guarantees at least 100 days of wage employment, in a financial year to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. The amount spent under MGNREGA during last three years:

| Year                    | Total Centre release (Rs. In Cr.)   | Total Availability (Rs. In Cr.)   | Total Expenditure (Rs. in Cr.)   |   Percentage Utilization |
|-------------------------|-------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|----------------------------------|--------------------------|
| 2016-17                 | 47,411.72                           | 57,386.67                         | 58,062.92                        |                   101.18 |
| 2017-18                 | 55,659.93                           | 64,985.89                         | 63,649.48                        |                    97.94 |
| 2018-19                 | 62,125.07                           | 69,228.68                         | 69,618.59                        |                   100.56 |
| 2019-20 (as 28.01.2020) | on 60,409.69                        | 63,808.80                         | 53,634.44                        |                    84.05 |

Source: MoRD's website

(ii)  Deendayal  Antyodaya  Yojana-  National  Rural  Livelihoods  Mission  (DAY-NRLM):NRLM  was  launched  in  June  2011  after  restructuring Swarnajayanthi  Grameen  Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY).  It  was  further  restructured  in  May  2013,  named Aajeevika based  on  the experience  of  implementation  in  the  first  two  years  of  the  Mission.  It  further  renamed  as Deendayal  Antyodaya  Yojana  (DAY) .  The  objective  of  DAY  is  to  organize  all  rural  poor households of the country and continuously nurture and support them till they come out of abject poverty.

The Financial Progress under NRLM as on 28.01.2020

(Amount in crore)

| Year                       | Disbursal of Revolving Fund to SHGs   | Disbursal of Revolving Fund to SHGs   | Disbursal of Community Investment Fund to SHGs Bank Linkage   | Disbursal of Community Investment Fund to SHGs Bank Linkage   | Disbursal of Community Investment Fund to SHGs Bank Linkage   | Disbursal of Community Investment Fund to SHGs Bank Linkage   |
|----------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|
|                            | No. SHGs                              | of Amount                             | No. SHGs                                                      | of Amount                                                     | Total SHGs                                                    | Total Loan Amount                                             |
| 2016-17                    | 268193                                | 38221.13                              | 176808                                                        | 86246.52                                                      | 1622445                                                       | 42,58,646                                                     |
| 2017-18                    | 537409                                | 72003.75                              | 262822                                                        | 128861.51                                                     | 2720685                                                       | 44,03,004                                                     |
| 2018-19                    | 249062                                | 36,992.72                             | 136911                                                        | 72,067.68                                                     | 3128643                                                       | 60,92,512                                                     |
| 2019-20 (as on 28.01.2020) | 191606.7                              | 508318.9                              | 817520                                                        | 508318.9                                                      | 2556530                                                       | 45141.83                                                      |

(iii)        Deen  Dayal  Upadhyaya-Grameen  Kaushalya  Yojana  (DDU-GKY): Ministry  of Rural  Development  also  implements  skill  development  and  placement  programme  as  a component of Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana -National Rural Livelihood Mission (DAY-NRLM). The objective of DDU-GKY is to ensure a time-bound training and capacity building program for bringing specific number of poor families above the poverty line through placement ensuring regular wage employment. The placement linked skill development scheme for rural poor youth has been revamped as DDU-GKY in order to build the capacity of rural poor youth to address the needs of domestic and global skill requirements. As on 27 th January, 2020, a total of 9,52,812 candidates have been trained and, 5,12,262 candidates have got placement. While in 2019-20, a total 1,85,332 candidates were trained and 1,23,848 candidates got placement.

(iv)  Pradhan  Mantri  Awaas  Yojana-Gramin  (PMAY-G):The  PMAY-G  scheme  aims  to provide  financial  assistance  for  construction  of  pucca  house  to  all  houseless  and  households living in kutcha and dilapidated houses identified through housing deprivation parameters based on  Socio-Economic  Caste  Census  (SECC)  2011.The  unit  assistance  under  the  programme  in plain areas is Rs. 1,20,000/- and Rs. 1,30,000/- in hilly states/difficult areas/IAP. The cost of unit assistance is shared between Central and State Governments in the ratio 60:40 in plain areas and 90:10 for North Eastern and hilly states.

Financial Progress

| Year                        |            |            |            | Total Available fund   | Utilization of funds   | % Utilization   |
|-----------------------------|------------|------------|------------|------------------------|------------------------|-----------------|
| Year                        | Centre     | State      | Total      | Total Available fund   | Utilization of funds   | % Utilization   |
| 2016-17                     | 1585280.28 | 1150926.51 | 2736206.8  | 3360302.289            | 1089065.33             | 32.41           |
| 2017-18                     | 3018037.49 | 1938623.44 | 4956660.94 | 6938385.08             | 5583573.29             | 80.47           |
| 2018-19                     | 2500749.03 | 1353334.34 | 3854083.37 | 5904706.507            | 4190411.19             | 70.97           |
| 2019-20* (as on 28.01.2020) | 1481496.05 | 156284.17  | 1637780.23 | 2651168.6              | 3151814.54             | 118.88          |

*-   Rs. 1012964.89 is opening balance for 2019-20.

(v) National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP):The NSAP has been in operation since 1995 to provide social security to the vulnerable sections of the society like old persons, widows and disabled falling in the BPL category. Implemented throughout the country, the programme has  five  components  such  as  Indira  Gandhi  National  Old  Age  Pension  Scheme  (IGNOAPS), Indira  Gandhi  National  Widow  Pension Scheme (IGNWPS),  Indira Gandhi National Disabled Pension Scheme (IGNDPS), National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS) and Annapurna Scheme. Approximately,  3  crore  beneficiaries  are  being  assisted  annually  under  the  program.  An allocation of Rs. 9200 crore has been made during 2019-20.

| Financial Progress   | Financial Progress   |           |          |          |           |           |
|----------------------|----------------------|-----------|----------|----------|-----------|-----------|
| States/UTs           | Release              | Release   | Release  | Release  | Release   | Release   |
|                      | IGNOAPS              | IGNWPS    | IGNDPS   | NFBS     | Annapurna | TOTAL     |
| 2016-17              | 590091.72            | 203667.83 | 26426.22 | 62262.40 | 888.04    | 885113.58 |
| 2017-18              | 611043.27            | 181696.86 | 22136.27 | 53039.61 | NR        | 869555.75 |
| 2018-19              | 274100.12            | 101446.49 | 14085.32 | 28169.06 | 280.32    | 418081.31 |
| 2019-20              | 469965.15            | 155688.04 | 19898.62 | 38209.21 | 552.61    | 684313.63 |

## (vi)    Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rurban Mission

The  Union  Cabinet  has  approved  the  Shyama  Prasad  Mukherjee  Rurban  Mission (SPMRM)  on  September  16,  2015.  Hon'ble  Prime  Minister  launched  the  Shyama  Prasad Mukherjee Rurban Mission on February 21, 2016. The objective of the Mission is development of cluster of villages that preserve and nurture the essence of rural community life with focus on equity  and  inclusiveness  without  compromising  with  the  facilities  perceived  to  be  essentially urban in nature, thus creating a cluster of Rurban villages. The mission targets to create 300 such Rurban growth clusters over the next 3 years, across the country.

)

(₹ in lakh

Financial Progress under SPMRM                                                                     (Rs. in crore)

| SL No       | All India                                                                    |   2015-16 |   2016-17 |   2017-18 |   2018-19 |   2019-20 |   Cumulative |
|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|--------------|
| 1           | Release                                                                      |     32.05 |    597.54 |    550.76 |    432.35 |   210.049 |      1822.74 |
| 2           | Other Expenditure (Release to NIRD, SPA, CEPT and organization of workshops) |      0    |      1.91 |      2.5  |      0.24 |     1.41  |         8.06 |
| Grand Total | Grand Total                                                                  |     32.05 |    599.45 |    553.26 |    432.59 |   211.46  |      1830.8  |

Source: MoRD

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