Lok Sabha Question No. 1101 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-12-17
Subject: Unemployment
Ministry: LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
Asked by: NALIN KUMAR KATEEL, J. JAYASINGH THIYAGARAJ NATTERJEE, ARVIND GANPAT SAWANT, S.P. MUDDAHANUMEGOWDA, JITENDRA CHAUDHURY, DODDAALAHALLI KEMPEGOWDA SURESH

## MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1101

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 17 TH DECEMBER, 2018

## UNEMPLOYMENT

## 1101.  SHRI NALIN KUMAR KATEEL:

SHRI J.J.T. NATTERJEE:

SHRI ARVIND SAWANT:

SHRI S.P. MUDDAHANUME GOWDA:

SHRI JITENDRA CHAUDHURY:

SHRI D.K. SURESH:

## Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the country is facing high level of unemployment day by day during the  last  three  years  and  the  current  year  along  with  the  steps  taken  to reduce the unemployment and increase employment;
- (b) the number of jobs provided in Government/Private Sectors during the last three  years  and  the  current  year  along  with  the  efforts  made  by  the Government to collect data in this regard, State/UT-wise, sector-wise;
- (c) whether any survey has been conducted for jobs created for 2014 till date, if so, the details and the findings thereof along with any task force set by the Government on declining employment in the country;
- (d) whether  the  job  creation  is  not  done  at  the  desired  level  in  the  country, despite several efforts in this direction and if so, the details thereof along with the details of jobs created in various sectors of the economy during the last three years;
- (e) the details of further steps taken/being taken by the Government to create more number of jobs for the youth in the country; and
- (f) whether the Government is of the opinion that 'Make in India' campaign was successful to create enough job opportunities in the country and if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE (IC) FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT

## (SHRI SANTOSH KUMAR GANGWAR)

(a):As  per  the  results  of  available  labour  force  surveys  on  EmploymentUnemployment conducted by Labour Bureau, Ministry of Labour and Employment, the estimated unemployment rate for persons aged 15 years and above  on  usual  status  basis  in  the  country  in  2012-13,  2013-14  and  2015-16 was 4.0%, 3.4% and 3.7% respectively.

Employment  generation  coupled  with  improving  employability  is  the priority of the Government.  Pradhan Mantri Kaushal VikasYojana (PMKVY) is the  flagship  scheme  of  the  Ministry  of  Skill  Development  &  Entrepreneurship (MSDE).  The  objective  of  this  Skill  Certification  Scheme  is  to  enable  a  large number of Indian youth to take up industry-relevant skill training that will help them in securing a better livelihood.

Pradhan  Mantri  Rojgar  Protsahan  Yojana  has  been  launched  by  the Ministry of Labour and Employment for incentivising employers for promoting employment  generation.  Under  this  scheme,  Government  is  paying  entire employer's  contribution  (12%  or  as  admissible)  towards  EPF  and  EPS  for  all eligible new employees for all sectors for 3 years.

Government has implemented the National Career Service (NCS) Project which comprises a digital portal that provides a nation-wide online platform for the  job  seekers  and  employers  for  job-matching  in  a  dynamic,  efficient  and responsive manner and has a repository of career content to job seekers.

(b):  Recruitment  under  central  government  is  primarily  made  by  various recruitment  agencies  namely  Union  Public  Service  Commission  (UPSC),  Staff Selection  Commission  (SSC),  Railway  Recruitment  Board  (RRB)  etc.  Besides these, many Ministries/Departments have their own recruitment mechanism for certain  posts  in  their  domain.  There  is  no  centralized  agency  to  collect  data from all recruitment agencies. The Government posts are regularly filled up in accordance  with  the  prescribed  recruitment  rules.  The  year-wise  number  of persons  recruited  through  the  main  recruitment  agencies  of  the  Central Government as available in Ministry of Labour and Employment is given below:

| Year    |   No. of candidates recommended by UPSC |   No. of candidates recommended by SSC |   No. of candidates empanelled/ recruited by RRB/ RRCs |   Total |
|---------|-----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|---------|
| 2014-15 |                                    8272 |                                  58066 |                                                  47186 |  113524 |
| 2015-16 |                                    6866 |                                  25138 |                                                  79803 |  111807 |
| 2016-17 |                                    5735 |                                  68880 |                                                  26318 |  100933 |

The above figures do not include recruitments made by the various Ministries through  their  own  mechanism,  State  Governments,  Banks,  Other  Financial Institutions, Universities, Central Public Sector Enterprises, Statutory/Autonomous Bodies and directly by the Ministries/Departments without going through UPSC, SSC and other recruiting agencies.

Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana (PMRPY) has been launched by the Ministry of Labour  and  Employment  for  incentivising employers  for promoting employment generation. Under this scheme, Government is paying entire employer's contribution (12% or as admissible) towards EPF and EPS for all  eligible  new  employees  for  all  sectors  for  3  years.  Till  10-12-2018,  the scheme covered 1,15,113 establishments and 92.23 lakh beneficiaries.

(c):  To  ascertain  employment  and  unemployment  situation  in  the  country, National  Sample  Survey  Office  (NSSO),  Ministry  of  Statistics  &Programme Implementation  has  launched  (during  2017-18)  Periodic  Labour  Force  Survey (PLFS).  In  addition,  Labour  Bureau,  Ministry  of  Labour  and  Employment  has conducted employment-unemployment surveys in 2015-16.  As per the survey results, the findings are as given below:

| For persons aged 15 years and above on usual status basis in the country (in%)   | For persons aged 15 years and above on usual status basis in the country (in%)   | For persons aged 15 years and above on usual status basis in the country (in%)   | For persons aged 15 years and above on usual status basis in the country (in%)   | For persons aged 15 years and above on usual status basis in the country (in%)   |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Category of persons                                                              | Category of persons                                                              | Labour Force Participation Rate                                                  | Worker Population Ratio                                                          | Unemploym ent Rate                                                               |
|                                                                                  | Male                                                                             | 78.0                                                                             | 75.7                                                                             | 2.9                                                                              |
| Rural                                                                            | Female                                                                           | 31.7                                                                             | 30.2                                                                             | 4.7                                                                              |
|                                                                                  | Person                                                                           | 55.8                                                                             | 53.9                                                                             | 3.4                                                                              |
|                                                                                  | Male                                                                             | 69.1                                                                             | 67.1                                                                             | 3.0                                                                              |
| Urban                                                                            | Female                                                                           | 16.6                                                                             | 14.8                                                                             | 10.9                                                                             |
|                                                                                  | Person                                                                           | 43.7                                                                             | 41.8                                                                             | 4.4                                                                              |
|                                                                                  | Male                                                                             | 75.5                                                                             | 73.3                                                                             | 3.0                                                                              |
| Rural + Urban                                                                    | Female                                                                           | 27.4                                                                             | 25.8                                                                             | 5.8                                                                              |
|                                                                                  | Person                                                                           | 52.4                                                                             | 50.5                                                                             | 3.7                                                                              |

A Task Force on improving employment data under Ministry of Labour& Employment had been set up. It has inter-alia recommended that in addition to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), a new time-use survey be conducted and  instituted  by  M/o  Statistics  &Programme  Implementation  (MoSPI).  It recommended  for  tapping  administrative  data  from  sources  like  Employee's Provident  Fund  Organization  (EPFO),  Employee  State  Insurance  Corporation (ESIC) and National Pension Scheme (NPS) to collect data on certain category of workers.

(d) to (f): Government has taken various steps for generating employment in the country  like  encouraging  private  sector  of  economy,  fast-tracking  various projects involving substantial investment and increasing public expenditure on schemes  like  Prime  Minister's  Employment  Generation  Programme  (PMEGP),

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen  KaushalyaY ojana (DDU-GKY) and Deendyal Antodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM). The progress of  these schemes is given below:

| Employment Generated                                 | Employment Generated   | Employment Generated   | Employment Generated     |
|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|------------------------|--------------------------|
| Schemes/Year                                         | 2016-17                | 2017-18                | 2018-19                  |
| Estimated employment generated under PMEGP (in lakh) | 4.08                   | 3.87                   | 1.11 (till 30-06-2018)   |
| Persondays Generated under MGNREGS ( in crore)       | 235.64                 | 234.26                 | 168.11 (till 06-12-2018) |
| Candidates placed under DDU-GKY (in lakh)            | 1.48                   | 0.76                   | 0.96 (till 03-12-2018)   |
| Placement under DAY-NULM (in lakh)                   | 1.52                   | 1.15                   | 0.23 (till 09-07-2018)   |

Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) has been initiated by Government for facilitating self-employment. Under PMMY collateral free loans upto Rs. 10 lakh,  are  extended  to  small/micro  business  enterprises  and  to  individuals  to enable them to setup or expand their business activities. Till 30th November, 2018,  total  14.75  crore  loans  have  been  sanctioned  in  which  4.09  crore  are beneficiaries.

The  'Make  in  India'  is  an  initiative  launched  in  2014,  which  aims  at promoting  India  as  an  important  investment  destination  and  a  global  hub  in manufacturing, design and innovation. It aims to create a conducive environment for investment, development of modern and efficient infrastructure,  opening  up  new  sectors  for  foreign  investment  and  forging  a partnership  between  Government  and  industry  through  a  positive  mind  set. Employment generation is influenced by a range of domestic and international factors,  including  enabling  policies.  Government  has  been  taking  steps  to boost employment generation in the country.

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