Lok Sabha Question No. 4719 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2020-03-23
Subject: Socio-Economic Development of Tribals in Chhattisgarh
Ministry: TRIBAL AFFAIRS
Asked by: Chunni Lal Sahu

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF TRIBAL AFFAIRS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. † 4719

TO BE ANSWERED ON 23.03.2020

## SOCIO- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF TRIBALS IN CHHATISGARH

## †4719. SHRI CHUNNI LAL SAHU:

Will the Minister of TRIBAL AFFAIRS be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of different programmes being run at present in the Chhattisgarh tribal areas with the cooperation of the Central Government;
- (b) the schemes implemented for socio-economic development of Scheduled Tribes in the State during the last three years;
- (c) the amount allocated to Chhattisgarh Government by the Union Government under the above schemes during the last three years;
- (d) the amount utilized and unutilized by the State Government released under the above schemes during the above period;
- (e) whether the Government has implemented any new scheme for Scheduled Tribes; and
- (f) if so, the details thereof?

## MINISTER OF STATE, TRIBAL AFFAIRS (SMT. RENUKA SINGH SARUTA)

(a) to (f): Government has adopted a holistic approach for overall development of tribal people living across the country including  Chhattisgarh,  which  includes  support  for  education,  health,  employment,  agriculture,  horticulture,  animal husbandry,  sanitation,  water  supply,  skill  development,  livelihood  etc.  Major  part  of  infrastructure  development  and provision of basic amenities thereof in tribal areas/regions in the country and as well as generation of awareness thereof is carried out through various schemes/programmes of concerned Central Ministries and the State Governments concerned, while the Ministry of Tribal Affairs provides additive to these initiatives by way of plugging critical gaps. The brief details of  schemes/  programmes  being  implemented  by  the  Ministry  of Tribal  Affairs  in  the  country  including  Chhattisgarh  is given at Annexure-I.

The interventions under most of the schemes of the Ministry are demand driven. No target is fixed by the Ministry. Funds are provided to State Governments/UTs based upon proposals received from the State Government and after appraisal and approval by a Project Appraisal Committee (PAC) in the Ministry for different projects included by them in their Annual Action Plan for implementation in the State as a whole as per stipulated guidelines under the schemes.

The  details  of  funds  released  to  State  Governments  and  utilised  under  the  major  schemes/programmes  of  the Ministry of Tribal Affairs during the last three years in respect of Chhattisgarh is given at Annexure-II.

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## ANSWER

## Annexure referred in reply to part (a) to (f) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. .†4719 for 23.03.2020 by Shri CHUNNI LAL SAHU Hon'ble M.P regarding 'Socio- Economic Development of Tribals in Chhatisgarh'.

## Brief details of Schemes/Programmes being implemented by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs in the country including Chhattisgarh.

- (i)  Grants  under  Article  275(1)  of  the  Constitution: It  is  a  100%  grant  from  Government  of  India.  Funding  under  this programme is to enable the State to meet the cost of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by the State for the purpose of promoting the welfare of Scheduled Tribes in that State or raising the level of administration of Scheduled Areas therein to that of the administration of the rest of the areas of that State. Government has adopted a multi-pronged strategy for overall  development  of  tribal  people  across  the  country,  which  includes  various  sectors  viz.  (i)  Education  (ii)  Health  (iii) Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry (AH), Fisheries, Dairy & others in Primary Sector (iv) Other income generating schemes to augment Tribal household economy and (v) Administrative structure / Institutional framework & Research studies.

## (ii) Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS):

The  scheme of Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRSs) was introduced in the year 1997-98 to impart quality education exclusively to ST children with an objective to provide quality middle and high-level education to Scheduled Tribe (ST) students in remote areas in order to enable them to avail of reservation in high and professional educational courses and get jobs in government and public and private sectors.Realizing the importance of the EMRS, in the Union Budget of 2018-19, Government announced that 'The Government is committed to provide the best quality education to the tribal children in their own environment. To realize this mission, it has been decided that by the year 2022, every block with more than 50% ST population and at least 20,000 tribal persons, will have an Eklavya Model Residential School. Eklavya  schools  will  be  on  par  with  Navodaya  Vidyalayas  and  will  have  special  facilities  for  preserving  local  art  and culture besides providing training in sports and skill development."

It was a component of Grants under Article 275(1). During 2018-19, a separate scheme was introduced. In terms of the aforesaid Budget announcement, Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA), in its meeting held on 17.12.18, inter-alia  approved  the  revamping  of  the  EMRS  Scheme.  As  on  30.10.19,  there  are  438  sanctioned  schools  across  the country out of which 284 schools have been made functional.

- (iii) Grant-in-Aid to Voluntary Organizations working for the welfare of Scheduled Tribes: The prime objective of the scheme is to enhance the reach of welfare schemes of Government and fill the gaps in service deficient tribal areas, in sectors  such  as  education and  health, through  the  efforts  of  voluntary  organizations, and to  provide an  environment  for socioeconomic upliftment and overall development of the Scheduled Tribes (STs).
- (iv)  Pre-Matric  Scholarships to ST students: Applicable to students who are studying in Classes IX  - X. Priority is given for girls. Parental income from all sources should be less than Rs.2.50 lakhs per annum. Scholarship of Rs.225/- per month for day scholars and Rs.525/- per month for hostellers is given for a period of 10 months in a year, Scholarships are paid @ Rs.225/- per month for Day Scholars and @ Rs.525/- per month for Hostellers, for a period of 10 months in a year. Scholarship is disbursed through the State Government/UT Administration. Funds shared at the ratio of 75:25 between the Centre and State Governments/UT Administrations and 90:10 for NE and Specially Category States/UTs (UT of Jammu & Kashmir,  Himachal  Pradesh  and  Uttarakhand)  from  2014-15  onwards  and  for  UT  without  legislature  100%  Share  is released by Centre.
- (v) Post Matric Scholarship to ST students: Applicable to students who are studying in any recognized course from a recognized institution for which qualification is Matriculation/Class X or above. Priority is given for girls. Parental income from  all  sources  should  be  less  than  Rs.2.50  lakhs  per  annum.  Compulsory  fees  charged  by  educational  institutes  are reimbursed subject to the limit fixed by the concerned State Fee Fixation Committee and Scholarship amount of Rs.230 to Rs.1200  per  month,  depending  upon  the  course  of  study  is paid. Scholarship  is distributed through  the State Government/UT  Administration.  Funds  shared  at  the  ratio  of  75:25  between  the  Centre  and  State  Governments/UT Administrations  and 90:10 for NE and Specially Category States/UTs (UT of Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand) from 2014-15 onwards and for UT without legislature 100% Share is released by Centre.
- (vi)  National  Overseas  Scholarships  for  ST  Candidates  for  Studying  Abroad: The  Scheme  provides  for  financial assistance  to  selected  students  to  pursue  Post  Graduation,  PhD  &  Post-Doctoral study  abroad.  A total  of  20  awards  are given every year. Of these, 17 awards are for STs and 3 awards for students belonging to Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs). Parental/family income from all sources should not exceed Rs.6.00 lakhs per annum. Disbursement of scholarships through the Ministry of External Affairs/ Indian Missions abroad.

## (vii) National Fellowship & Scholarship for Higher Education  of ST students:

- (a)  Scholarship  for  Higher  Education  (earlier  known  as  Top  Class  Education  For  St  Students):  S cholarship  is  given  to  ST students  for  pursuing  studies  in  prescribed  courses  in  any  of  the  246  institutions  of  excellence  across  the  country  like  IITs,  AIIMS, IIMs, NIITs, etc. identified by the Ministry. Priority is given to girls.Total number of scholarships is 1000 per year. Family income from all sources should not exceed Rs.6.00 lakhs per annum.Scholarship amount includes tuition fees, living expenses and allowances for books and computer.
- (b)  Fellowship: 750  fellowships  are  provided  to  ST  students  each  year  for  pursing  higher  studies  in  India  for  MPhil  and  PhD. Fellowship is granted as per UGC norms. (Presently, @ Rs.25,000/- for JRF and @Rs.28,000/- for SRF).
- (viii) Special Central Assistance to Tribal Sub-Scheme (SCA to TSS) : It is 100% grant from Government of India.  Its objective is to bridge the gap between Scheduled Tribes (ST) population and others by providing support education, health, sanitation, water supply, livelihood, skill development, minor infrastructure etc.
- (ix) Development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs): The scheme of Development of PVTGs covers 75 identified PVTGs among Scheduled Tribes in 18 States and UT of Andaman & Nicobar Islands for the activities like education, housing, land distribution, land development, agricultural development, animal husbandry, construction of link roads, installation of non-conventional sources  of  energy  for  lighting  purpose,  social  security  or  any  other  innovative  activity  meant  for  the  comprehensive  socio-economic development of PVTGs. The activities related to educational development of tribals is also funded under the scheme.

## (x) Institutional Support for Development & Marketing of Tribal Products/Produce (Central Sector Scheme):

This  Central  Sector  scheme  which  is  continuing  since  1992-93,  is  being  implemented  through  the  Tribal  Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India Ltd. (TRIFED), a multi-State cooperative Society under the Ministry of Tribal Affairs and the  State  Tribal  Development  Cooperative  Corporations  (STDCCS).  The  objective  of  this  Scheme  is  to  create  institutions  for  the Scheduled  Tribes  to  support  marketing  and  development  of  activities  they  depend  on  for  their  livelihood.    These  are  sought  to  be achieved  by  specific  measures  like  (i)  market  intervention;  (ii)  training  and  skill  up-gradation  of  tribal  Artisans,  Craftsmen,  MFP gatherers etc.; (iii) R&D/IPR activity; and (iv) Supply chain infrastructure development.

- (xi)  'Mechanism for Marketing of Minor Forest Produce (MFP) through Minimum Support Price (MSP) & Development of Value Chain for MFP': Minimum Support Price for Minor Forest Produce scheme (MSP for MFP Scheme), started by Ministry of Tribal Affairs in the year 2013-14, was the first step in the direction of providing fair price to tribals. Initially, the scheme included 10 MFPs in 9 States  having  Schedule  V  areas.  It  was  later  expanded  to  49  MFP  items  and  is  applicable  in  all  States.  The  Scheme  is implemented through State level agency (SLA) appointed by the State Government. Ministry of Tribal Affairs provides a revolving fund to the SLA as also funds to develop infrastructure for safe storage, primary processing and value addition of MFP items in the ratio of 75% Central share: 25% State share.

The scheme seeks  to  establish  a  system  to  ensure  fair  monetary  returns  for  their  efforts  in  collection,  primary  processing, storage, packaging, transportation etc. It also seeks to get them a share of revenue from the sales proceeds with cost deducted. It also aims to address other issues for sustainability of process.

Van Dhan Vikas Karyakram is an initiative targeting livelihood generation for tribal population by harnessing the wealth of forest i.e. Van Dhan at value addition and marketing centers namely 'Van Dhan Vikas Kendras. The programme aims to tap into the traditional knowledge and skill sets of tribal people by adding technology and Information Technology for upgradation of output at each stage and to convert the tribal wisdom into a remunerative economic activity.

- (xii)  Support  to  National/State  Scheduled  Tribes  Finance  and  Development  Corporations  (NSTFDC/STFDCS): This  is  a centrally sponsored Scheme wherein funds are released by the Ministry to the NSTFDC, a CPSE under this Ministry and the State Tribal Finance & Development Corporation (STFDCs) by way of equity support against their respective authorized share capitals.

The main objectives of the scheme are, to identify economic activities of importance to the Scheduled Tribes so as to generate self-employment and raise their income level; to upgrade their skills and processes through both institutional and on the job training; to make existing State/ UT Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Corporations (SCAs) and other developmental agencies engaged in economic development of the Scheduled Tribes more effective; to assist SCAs in project formulation, implementation of NSTFDC assisted schemes and in imparting training to their personnel; and to monitor implementation of NSFDC assisted schemes in order to assess their impact.

## (xiii)  Support to Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs) and Tribal Festivals, Research Information and Mass Education:

The focus under these schemes of the Ministry is to promote tribal art and culture.  Ministry has se t up Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs) in the States.  TRIs are maintained by the State Government.  Further, the APEX Committee recommended for the TRI activities of  the  State  Government.    TRIs  carry  out  various  activities  viz.  research  studies,  evaluation  studies,  organization  or  training/ seminar/workshop,  organisation  of  tribal  festivals,  baseline  survey,  publication,  documentaries  /  documentation,  organisation  of exchange of visits etc. over the years.

## Annexure referred in reply to part (a) to (f) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. .†4719 for 23.03.2020 by Shri CHUNNI LAL SAHU Hon'ble M.P regarding 'Socio- Economic Development of Tribals in Chhatisgarh'.

(₹ in lakh)

| Sl No   |                                                                                                                    | 2016-17       | 2016-17             | 2017-18       | 2017-18             | 2018-19       | 2018-19             |
|---------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|---------------------|---------------|---------------------|---------------|---------------------|
| Sl No   | Scheme Name                                                                                                        | Total release | Utiization reported | Total release | Utiization reported | Total release | Utiization reported |
| 1       | Grants under Article 275(1)& Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS)                                              | 10488.52      | 10488.52            | 10964.49      | 10964.49            | 11352.92      | 11352.92            |
| 2       | Pre-Matric Scholarships to ST students:                                                                            | 2534.15       | 2534.15             | 1805.30       | 1805.30             | 4755.63       | 4755.63             |
| 3       | Post Matric Scholarship to ST students:                                                                            | 2674.82       | 2674.82             | 3811.26       | 3811.26             | 4609.57       | 4609.57             |
| 4       | Special Central Assistance to Tribal Sub-Scheme (SCA to TSS):                                                      | 11717.82      | 11717.82            | 14327.57      | 13125.49            | 10342.65      | 10342.65            |
| 5       | Development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs):                                                      | 1230.00       | 1230.00             | 1089.50       | 817.50              | 1051.50       | 1051.50             |
| 6       | Marketing of Minor Forest Produce (MFP) through Minimum Support Price (MSP) and Development of Value Chain for MFP | -             | -                   | 89.41         | NA                  | 197.31        | NA                  |

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