Lok Sabha Question No. 99 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2020-02-03
Subject: Grants to Artists
Ministry: CULTURE
Asked by: Ramcharan Bohra

## GRANTS TO ARTISTS

## 99 : SHRI RAMCHARAN BOHRA:

Will the MINISTER OF CULTURE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the grants provided to the artists individually and Non-Governmental Organisations to promote art and culture in the country is still continuing/has stopped now;
- (b) the names of the States in which grants have been provided to individual artists and NonGovernmental Organisations  during  the  last  three  years  along  with  the  details  of  amount provided; and
- (c) the details and the criteria for total grant provisioned for promoting art and culture during the year 2020-21?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE (IC) FOR CULTURE AND TOURISM (SHRI PRAHLAD SINGH PATEL)

- (a)          Yes,  Sir.  The  schemes  under  which  grants  are  provided  to  the  Artists  and  NGOs  are  still continuing.
- (b) Scheme of  Financial  Assistance  for  Promotion  of  Art  and  Culture  (05  Components)  and Scheme of Scholarship and Fellowship for Promotion of Art and Culture (03 Components) are Central Sector Schemes and grants are not released to the State Governments. However, details  of  grants  provided  (State-wise)  to  Individual  Artists  and  NGOs  during  the  last  03 years, component-wise, in respect of both the above mentioned schemes are at Annexure-I and Annexure-II respectively.
- (c)      The amount of grant provisioned for in respect of the above said two schemes during the year 2020-21 is dependent on allocation of budget for the same by Ministry of Finance.

*****

## Annexure-I

## Statement  of  State-wise  details  of  beneficiaries  under  the  Scheme  Component  of Cultural Function and Production Grant during last 03 years

## (Amount in lakhs)

|         |                   | 2016-17              | 2016-17   |                      |        | 2018-19              | 2018-19   |
|---------|-------------------|----------------------|-----------|----------------------|--------|----------------------|-----------|
| Sl. No. | State/UT          | No. of Beneficiaries | Amount    | No. of Beneficiaries | Amount | No. of Beneficiaries | Amount    |
| 1       | Andhra Pradesh    | 22                   | 32.75     | 15                   | 39.25  | 11                   | 19        |
| 2       | Arunachal Pradesh | 7                    | 27.5      | 5                    | 16     | 3                    | 6.5       |
| 3       | Assam             | 41                   | 97.5      | 78                   | 184.75 | 17                   | 42.5      |
| 4       | Bihar             | 52                   | 101.75    | 195                  | 347    | 32                   | 91        |
| 5       | Chandigarh        | 6                    | 20.5      | 3                    | 10.5   | 1                    | 3         |
| 6       | Chhattishgarh     | 4                    | 9         | 6                    | 10     | 0                    | 0         |
| 7       | Delhi             | 206                  | 654.15    | 139                  | 497.35 | 74                   | 263       |
| 8       | Gujarat           | 6                    | 11        | 6                    | 29     | 8                    | 15.5      |
| 9       | Goa               | 0                    | 0         | 10                   | 24.3   | 1                    | 1.5       |
| 10      | Haryana           | 18                   | 44.5      | 69                   | 149.85 | 12                   | 32.5      |
| 11      | Himachal Pradesh  | 6                    | 14.5      | 11                   | 26     | 3                    | 4.5       |
| 12      | Jammu &Kashmir    | 32                   | 57.25     | 35                   | 72.35  | 22                   | 41.5      |
| 13      | Jharkhand         | 6                    | 10.5      | 26                   | 52.8   | 6                    | 11.5      |
| 14      | Karnataka         | 165                  | 255       | 356                  | 671.6  | 115                  | 221.5     |
| 15      | Kerala            | 42                   | 107       | 28                   | 95.5   | 26                   | 58.25     |
| 16      | Madhya Pradesh    | 57                   | 118       | 143                  | 265.5  | 35                   | 100.5     |
| 17      | Maharashtra       | 33                   | 133       | 48                   | 96.35  | 30                   | 100.5     |
| 18      | Manipur           | 144                  | 185.25    | 140                  | 272.3  | 81                   | 169.5     |
| 19      | Meghalaya         | 0                    | 0         | 0                    | 0      | 0                    | 0         |
| 20      | Nagaland          | 0                    | 0         | 3                    | 3.1    | 0                    | 0         |
| 21      | Odisha            | 98                   | 171.75    | 72                   | 168.3  | 69                   | 158.25    |
| 22      | Puducherry        | 2                    | 5.5       | 1                    | 5      | 1                    | 3         |
| 23      | Punjab            | 11                   | 24.5      | 7                    | 16     | 7                    | 21        |
| 24      | Rajasthan         | 27                   | 51.5      | 95                   | 208    | 18                   | 55.5      |
| 25      | Sikkim            | 2                    | 8.5       | 3                    | 14     | 0                    | 0         |
| 26      | Tamilnadu         | 23                   | 52.5      | 19                   | 44.8   | 13                   | 37        |
| 27      | Telengana*        | 5                    | 6.75      | 45                   | 99.3   | 17                   | 39        |
| 28      | Tripura           | 7                    | 7.5       | 2                    | 2      | 4                    | 12.5      |
| 29      | Uttar Pradesh     | 186                  | 312.5     | 339                  | 536.8  | 103                  | 239.25    |
| 30      | Uttarakhand       | 12                   | 18.5      | 20                   | 40.5   | 4                    | 11.5      |
| 31      | West Bengal       | 282                  | 481       | 293                  | 574.55 | 131                  | 276.45    |
|         | Total             | 1502                 | 3019.7    | 2212                 | 4572.8 | 844                  | 2036      |

## Statement  of  State-wise  details  of  beneficiaries  under  the  Scheme  Component  of  Repertory  Grant during last 3 years:-

## (Amount in Rs. Lakhs)

| Sl. No.   | State/UT          | 2016-17               | 2016-17   | 2017-18               | 2017-18   | 2018-19               | 2018-19   |
|-----------|-------------------|-----------------------|-----------|-----------------------|-----------|-----------------------|-----------|
|           |                   | Nos. of Beneficiaries | Amount    | Nos. of Beneficiaries | Amount    | Nos. of Beneficiaries | Amount    |
| 1.        | Andaman & Nicobar | -                     | -         | -                     | -         | -                     | -         |
| 2.        | Andhra Pradesh    | -                     | -         | -                     | -         | 3                     | 9.48      |
| 3.        | Arunachal Pradesh | 2                     | 8.40      | -                     | -         | 1                     | 8.40      |
| 4.        | Assam             | 19                    | 126.24    | 6                     | 53.28     | 18                    | 182.16    |
| 5.        | Bihar             | 16                    | 114.48    | 17                    | 85.44     | 21                    | 137.82    |
| 6.        | Chandigarh        | 4                     | 43.92     | 3                     | 28.8      | 7                     | 55.20     |
| 7.        | Chhattisgarh      | -                     | -         | -                     | -         | -                     | -         |
| 8.        | Delhi             | 46                    | 411.48    | 76                    | 781.92    | 68                    | 409.68    |
| 9.        | Gujarat           | 4                     | 20.76     | 4                     | 22.80     | 5                     | 37.20     |
| 10.       | Haryana           | 4                     | 9.84      | 7                     | 36.48     | 1                     | 1.32      |
| 11.       | Himachal Pradesh  | 2                     | 21.48     | 3                     | 37.44     | -                     | -         |
| 12.       | Jammu & Kashmir   | 1                     | 12.72     | 15                    | 93.24     | 6                     | 40.56     |
| 13.       | Jharkhand         | 1                     | 8.76      | 3                     | 10.68     | 5                     | 37.20     |
| 14.       | Karnataka         | 64                    | 480.84    | 55                    | 468.48    | 53                    | 272.49    |
| 15.       | Kerala            | 21                    | 157.8     | 14                    | 116.16    | 14                    | 107.70    |
| 16.       | Madhya Pradesh    | 27                    | 156.48    | 25                    | 204.00    | 21                    | 149.04    |
| 17.       | Maharashtra       | 27                    | 222.24    | 20                    | 185.04    | 26                    | 167.10    |
| 18.       | Manipur           | 89                    | 585.36    | 68                    | 526.92    | 64                    | 404.94    |
| 19.       | Mizoram           | 1                     | 9.84      | 3                     | 19.44     | 2                     | 9.60      |
| 20.       | Nagaland          | 4                     | 21.24     | 2                     | 9.72      | -                     | -         |
| 21.       | Odisha            | 14                    | 68.34     | 16                    | 86.88     | 29                    | 142.68    |
| 22.       | Pondicherry       | 4                     | 31.56     | 1                     | 12.00     | 2                     | 9.60      |
| 23.       | Punjab            | 1                     | 4.8       | 7                     | 61.68     | 3                     | 14.64     |
| 24.       | Rajasthan         | 8                     | 62.64     | 4                     | 32.88     | 5                     | 20.40     |
| 25.       | Tamil Nadu        | 8                     | 31.74     | 11                    | 59.76     | 5                     | 14.40     |
| 26.       | Telangana         | 10                    | 98.52     | 5                     | 47.28     | 13                    | 93.24     |
| 27.       | Tripura           | 4                     | 22.80     | 2                     | 11.04     | -                     | -         |
| 28.       | Uttarakhand       | 3                     | 18.00     | 5                     | 18.48     | 5                     | 24.12     |
| 29.       | Uttar Pradesh     | 27                    | 188.28    | 26                    | 178.44    | 27                    | 146.52    |
| 30.       | West Bengal       | 153                   | 1074.72   | 166                   | 1000.80   | 141                   | 851.88    |
|           | Total             | 564                   | 4013.28   | 564                   | 4189.08   | 545                   | 3347.37   |

## Statement of State-wise details of beneficiaries under the Scheme Component of 'Financial

## Assistance to Cultural Organizations with National Presence' during last 3 years.

## (Amount in Rs. Lakhs)

| Sl. No.   | State/UT       | 2016-17               | 2016-17   | 2017-18               | 2017-18   | 2018-19               | 2018-19   |
|-----------|----------------|-----------------------|-----------|-----------------------|-----------|-----------------------|-----------|
|           |                | Nos. of Beneficiaries | Amount    | Nos. of Beneficiaries | Amount    | Nos. of Beneficiaries | Amount    |
| 1.        | Delhi          | 5                     | 281.25    | 6                     | 262.50    | 9                     | 397.50    |
| 2.        | Haryana        | -                     | -         | 1                     | 65.69     | -                     | -         |
| 3.        | Karnataka      | 1                     | 56.25     | 1                     | 22.50     | 2                     | 30.00     |
| 4.        | Madhya Pradesh | -                     | -         | 1                     | 41.25     | -                     | -         |
| 5.        | Maharashtra    |                       |           |                       |           | 2                     | 45.00     |
| 6.        | Odisha         | -                     | -         | -                     | -         | 1                     | 26.25     |
| 7.        | Pondicherry    | -                     | -         | 1                     | 11.25     | -                     | -         |
| 8.        | Rajasthan      | -                     | -         | -                     | -         | 1                     | 18.75     |
| 9.        | Uttar Pradesh  | -                     | -         | 1                     | 37.50     | 1                     | 22.50     |
| 10.       | West Bengal    | -                     | -         | 2                     | 20.25     | -                     | -         |
|           | Total          | 6                     | 337.50    | 13                    | 460.94    | 16                    | 540.00    |

Statement  of  State-wise  details  of  beneficiaries  under  the  Scheme  Component  of 'Financial  Assistance  for  the  Preservation  and  Development  of  Cultural  Heritage of  the Himalayas' during last 3 years

(Amount in Rs.)

| S.No.   | State/UT          | Year                  | Year          | Year                  | Year          | Year                  | Year          |
|---------|-------------------|-----------------------|---------------|-----------------------|---------------|-----------------------|---------------|
|         |                   | 2016-17               | 2016-17       | 2017-18               | 2017-18       | 2018-19               | 2018-19       |
|         |                   | Nos. of Beneficiaries | Amount        | Nos. of Beneficiaries | Amount        | Nos. of Beneficiaries | Amount        |
| 1.      | Arunachal Pradesh | 6                     | 8,50,000/-    | 17                    | 48,00,000/-   | 27                    | 69,00,000/-   |
| 2.      | Sikkim            | 1                     | 1,50,000/-    | 03                    | 16,50,000/-   | 02                    | 7,50,000/-    |
| 3.      | Himachal Pradesh  | 17                    | 28,25,000/-   | 26                    | 69,16,250/-   | 19                    | 46,58,500/-   |
| 4.      | Jammu and Kashmir | 16                    | 26,75,000/-   | 22                    | 31,37,072/-   | 29                    | 38,24,875/-   |
| 5.      | Uttrakhand        | 24                    | 44,77,262/-   | 33                    | 94,45,000/-   | 40                    | 77,25,000/-   |
|         | Total             | 64                    | 1,09,77,262/- | 101                   | 2,59,48,322/- | 117                   | 2,38,58,375/- |

## Statement  of  State-wise  details  of  beneficiaries  under  the  Scheme  Component  of 'Financial  Assistance  for  the  Development  of  Buddhist/Tibetan  Culture  &  Art' during last 3 years

(Amount in Rupees)

| Sl. No.   | State             | Year                 | Year         | Year                 | Year         | Year                 | Year         |
|-----------|-------------------|----------------------|--------------|----------------------|--------------|----------------------|--------------|
|           |                   | 2016-17              | 2016-17      | 2017-18              | 2017-18      | 2018-19              | 2018-19      |
|           |                   | No. of Beneficiaries | Amount       | No. of Beneficiaries | Amount       | No. of Beneficiaries | Amount       |
| 1.        | Arunachal Pradesh | 28                   | 2,97,14,784  | 36                   | 3,22,07,128  | 40                   | 3.13.90.000  |
| 2.        | Andhra Pradesh    | 1                    | 1,00,000     | --                   | --           | --                   | --           |
| 3.        | Assam             | 2                    | 12,00,000    | 6                    | 24,57,500    | 7                    | 13,00,000    |
| 4.        | Chandigarh        | --                   | --           | --                   | --           | --                   |              |
| 5.        | Delhi             | --                   | --           | 1                    | 10,00,000    | 1                    | 10,00,000    |
| 6.        | Himachal Pradesh  | 65                   | 2,66,11,447  | 56                   | 1,98,25,697  | 54                   | 2,78,30,000  |
| 7.        | Jammu &Kashmir    | 65                   | 2,04,84,368  | 78                   | 2,38,70,473  | 68                   | 2,59,73,000  |
| 8.        | Karnataka         | 12                   | 43,25,000    | 22                   | 84,16,916    | 29                   | 1,57,41,000  |
| 9.        | Kerala            | 2                    | 4,35,500     | 1                    | 1,75,000     | --                   | --           |
| 10.       | Mizoram           | --                   | ---          | --                   | --           | 1                    | 7,50,000     |
| 11.       | Maharashtra       | --                   | --           | 1                    | 5,00,000     | --                   | --           |
| 12.       | Nagaland          | ---                  | --           | --                   | --           | --                   | --           |
| 13.       | Sikkim            | 3                    | 26,00,000    | 4                    | 35,00,000    | 4                    | 29,50,000    |
| 14.       | Tripura           | 7                    | 4350000      | 8                    | 63,48,000    | 7                    | 55,29,000    |
| 15.       | Telangana         | 1                    | 2,12,500     | 1                    | 12,50,000    | --                   | --           |
| 16.       | Uttarakhand       | 22                   | 6,559,507    | 26                   | 85,28,239    | 22                   | 1,12,93,000  |
| 17.       | Uttar Pradesh     | --                   | --           | 3                    | 7,50,000     | 4                    | 17,10,000    |
| 18.       | West Bengal       | 99                   | 88,98,128    | 15                   | 35,75,000    | 88                   | 1,15,33,000  |
| Total     | Total             | 307                  | 10,54,91,234 | 258                  | 11,24,03,953 | 325                  | 13,69,99,000 |

*****

## Statement of State-wise details of beneficiaries under the Scheme Component of Scholarship to Young Artistes in Different Cultural Fields (SYA*) during last 03 years

| Sl No          | State/UT          | 2016-17   | 2017-18   | 2018-19   |
|----------------|-------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
| 1.             | Andaman &Nicobar  | --        | --        | --        |
| 2.             | Andhra Pradesh    | 07        | 02        | 06        |
| 3.             | Arunachal Pradesh | --        | 02        | 04        |
| 4.             | Assam             | 14        | 12        | 19        |
| 5.             | Bihar             | 11        | 10        | 14        |
| 6.             | Chandigarh        | 01        | --        | 01        |
| 7.             | Chhattisgarh      | 08        | 08        | 14        |
| 8.             | Delhi             | 16        | 14        | 21        |
| 9.             | Goa               | 01        | 01        | 01        |
| 10.            | Gujarat           | 04        | 09        | 08        |
| 11.            | Haryana           | 06        | 07        | 06        |
| 12.            | Himachal Pradesh  | 01        | 01        | 01        |
| 13.            | Jammu and Kashmir | 02        | 02        | 06        |
| 14.            | Jharkhand         | 07        | 01        | 05        |
| 15.            | Karnataka         | 26        | 25        | 24        |
| 16.            | Kerala            | 18        | 20        | 23        |
| 17.            | Madhya Pradesh    | 37        | 28        | 35        |
| 18.            | Maharashtra       | 33        | 26        | 42        |
| 19.            | Manipur           | 03        | 09        | 09        |
| 20.            | Meghalaya         | --        | --        | --        |
| 21.            | Mizoram           | 01        | --        | --        |
| 22.            | Nagaland          | --        | --        | --        |
| 23.            | Odisha            | 20        | 22        | 22        |
| 24.            | Puducherry        | 02        | --        | --        |
| 25.            | Punjab            | 02        | 06        | 04        |
| 26.            | Rajasthan         | 03        | 04        | 08        |
| 27.            | Sikkim            | --        | --        | 01        |
| 28.            | Tamil Nadu        | 03        | 10        | 08        |
| 29.            | Telangana         | 01        | 05        | 02        |
| 30.            | Tripura           | --        | 01        | 01        |
| 31.            | Uttar Pradesh     | 38        | 43        | 38        |
| 32.            | Uttarakhand       | 01        | 07        | 01        |
| 33.            | West Bengal       | 46        | 40        | 60        |
| Total Awardees | Total Awardees    | 312       | 315       | 384       |

## Statement of State-wise details of beneficiaries under the Scheme Component of Junior Fellows* Under the Scheme of Fellowship to Outstanding Persons in the Field of Culture during last 03 years

| Sl No   | State/UT           | No. of Junior Fellows   | No. of Junior Fellows   | No. of Junior Fellows   |
|---------|--------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------|
|         |                    | 2016-17                 | 2017-18                 | 2018-19                 |
| 1.      | Andhra Pradesh     | 1                       | 1                       | 4                       |
| 2.      | Arunacahal Pradesh | --                      | 1                       | --                      |
| 3.      | Assam              | 10                      | 13                      | 13                      |
| 4.      | Bihar              | 7                       | 5                       | 4                       |
| 5.      | Chandigarh         | 0                       | 0                       | 1                       |
| 6.      | Chhattisgarh       | 5                       | 8                       | 3                       |
| 7.      | Delhi              | 13                      | 21                      | 20                      |
| 8.      | Gujarat            | 6                       | 1                       | 2                       |
| 9.      | Goa                | 1                       | 1                       | --                      |
| 10.     | Haryana            | 5                       | 3                       | 5                       |
| 11.     | Himachal Pradesh   | 0                       | 0                       | --                      |
| 12.     | Jammu &Kashmir     | 1                       | 4                       | 2                       |
| 13.     | Jharkhand          | 1                       | 5                       | 5                       |
| 14.     | Karnataka          | 10                      | 7                       | 12                      |
| 15.     | Kerala             | 8                       | 11                      | 11                      |
| 16.     | Madhya Pradesh     | 14                      | 9                       | 9                       |
| 17.     | Maharashtra        | 18                      | 22                      | 22                      |
| 18.     | Manipur            | 6                       | 8                       | 10                      |
| 19.     | Meghalya           | 0                       | 0                       | 1                       |
| 20.     | Nagaland           | 0                       | 0                       | 1                       |
| 21.     | Odisha             | 20                      | 17                      | 16                      |
| 22.     | Puducherry         | 0                       | 1                       | 1                       |
| 23.     | Punjab             | 4                       | 2                       | 3                       |
| 24.     | Rajasthan          | 4                       | 5                       | 4                       |
| 25.     | Sikkim             | 0                       | 0                       | --                      |
| 26.     | Tamil Nadu         | 1                       | 3                       | 3                       |
| 27.     | Telangana          | 4                       | 3                       | 5                       |
| 28.     | Tripura            | 1                       | 3                       | 2                       |
| 29.     | Uttar Pradesh      | 17                      | 17                      | 25                      |
| 30.     | Uttarakhand        | 4                       | 2                       | 2                       |
| 31.     | West Bengal        | 17                      | 19                      | 14                      |
|         | Total              | 178                     | 192                     | 200                     |

Statement of State-wise details of beneficiaries under the Scheme Component of Senior Fellows**  Under  The  Scheme  of  Fellowship  to  Outstanding  Persons  in  the  Field  of  Culture during last 03 years

| Sl No   | State/UT           | No. of Senior Fellows   | No. of Senior Fellows   | No. of Senior Fellows   |
|---------|--------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------|
|         |                    | 2016-17                 | 2017-18                 | 2018-19                 |
| 1.      | Andhra Pradesh     | 1                       | 3                       | 2                       |
| 2.      | Arunacahal Pradesh | 1                       | 0                       | --                      |
| 3.      | Assam              | 3                       | 5                       | 10                      |
| 4.      | Bihar              | 1                       | 7                       | 9                       |
| 5.      | Chandigarh         | 0                       | 0                       | --                      |
| 6.      | Chhattisgarh       | 2                       | 1                       | 3                       |
| 7.      | Delhi              | 17                      | 23                      | 30                      |
| 8.      | Gujarat            | 0                       | 3                       | 7                       |
| 9.      | Goa                | 0                       | 1                       | 1                       |
| 10.     | Haryana            | 2                       | 4                       | 6                       |
| 11.     | Himachal Pradesh   | 0                       | 0                       | 1                       |
| 12.     | Jammu &Kashmir     | 0                       | 3                       | 1                       |
| 13.     | Jharkhand          | 3                       | 4                       | 4                       |
| 14.     | Karnataka          | 6                       | 8                       | 14                      |
| 15.     | Kerala             | 7                       | 12                      | 10                      |
| 16.     | Madhya Pradesh     | 10                      | 14                      | 15                      |
| 17.     | Maharashtra        | 11                      | 12                      | 11                      |
| 18.     | Manipur            | 7                       | 6                       | 9                       |
| 19.     | Meghalya           | 0                       | 0                       | --                      |
| 20.     | Nagaland           | 0                       | 0                       | --                      |
| 21.     | Odisha             | 13                      | 18                      | 25                      |
| 22.     | Puducherry         | 0                       | 2                       | 1                       |
| 23.     | Punjab             | 0                       | 0                       | 1                       |
| 24.     | Rajasthan          | 7                       | 7                       | 5                       |
| 25.     | Sikkim             | 0                       | 0                       | --                      |
| 26.     | Tamil Nadu         | 2                       | 3                       | 2                       |
| 27.     | Telangana          | 5                       | 2                       | 2                       |
| 28.     | Tripura            | 0                       | 1                       | --                      |
| 29.     | Uttar Pradesh      | 22                      | 13                      | 17                      |
| 30.     | Uttarakhand        | 1                       | 3                       | 2                       |
| 31.     | West Bengal        | 12                      | 21                      | 9                       |
|         | Total              | 133                     | 176                     | 197                     |

## Statement of State-wise details of beneficiaries under the Scheme Component of Tagore National Fellowship for Cultural Research during last 03 years

| Sl No   | State/UT       | No. of Fellows/Scholars   | No. of Fellows/Scholars   | No. of Fellows/Scholars   |
|---------|----------------|---------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------|
|         |                | 2015-16                   | 2016-17                   | 2017-18                   |
| 1.      | Delhi          | --                        | --                        | 20                        |
| 2.      | Maharashtra    | --                        | --                        | 04                        |
| 3.      | Madhya Pradesh | --                        | --                        | 01                        |
| 4.      | Nagaland       | --                        | --                        | 01                        |
| 5.      | Punjab         | --                        | --                        | 01                        |
| 6.      | Tamil Nadu     | --                        | --                        | 03                        |
| 7.      | Telangana      | --                        | --                        | 04                        |
| 8.      | Uttar Pradesh  | --                        | --                        | 02                        |
| 9.      | West Bengal    | --                        | --                        | 07                        |
| Total   | Total          | --                        | --                        | 43*                       |