Lok Sabha Question No. 2685 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2020-03-06
Subject: Adulterated Milk
Ministry: HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
Asked by: Rahul Ramesh Shewale, Shivkumar Chanabasappa Udasi

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

## DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 2685 TO BE ANSWERED ON 06 TH MARCH, 2020

## ADULTERATED MILK

## 2685. SHRI RAHUL RAMESH SHEWALE: SHRI SHIVAKUMAR C. UDASI:

Will the Minister of HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether cases of adulterated/milk/sale of synthetic milk are on the rise in the country, if s thenumber of such cases reported during the last three years and the current year, Sta te/UT - wise;
- (b) the reaction of the Government thereto;
- (c) the total quantity of adulterated/synthetic milk sold in the country during the said period;
- (d) the existing mechanism developed by the Government to monitor adulteration in milk and to takepunitive action against such adulterators across the country; and
- (e) the steps taken/being taken by the Government to pr vent/curb adulteration/sale of synthetic milk and to make people aware of such adulteration in milk across the country?

## ANSWER THE M INISTER OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE (DR. HARSH VARDHAN)

- (a) &(b): Instances of sub - standard and adulterated milk sold in the market have come to the notice of Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI). As implementation enforcement of Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 primarily lies with State/UT Governm ents, Commissioners  of  Food  Safety  of  State/UTs  are  regularly  conducting  surveillance  a enforcement drives to curb the adulteration in milk and milk products. As per the data sh the  States/UTs,  the  details  of  samples  of  milk  analysed  and  penal  act ion  taken  by  the  State enforcement authorities for the years - 17, 2016 2017 - 18 and 2018 - 19 are at Annexure I, II and III .

FSSAI  had  also  conducted  National  Milk  Safety  and  Quality  Survey,  2018.  Overall above 93% of the samples tha t is 5976 out of 6,432 samples were found to be safe for human consumption. 12 out of 6432 samples, that is 0.2% of the samples were adulterated with ha substances  like  hydrogen  peroxide,  detergents,  urea  and  neutraliser.  A  major  finding surveywas presence of aflatoxin M1 residues beyond permissible limits in 368 out of 6 samples, that is 5.7% of the samples. The survey further showed that 77 out of 6,432 sa that 1.2% of the samples had residues of antibiotics above the permissible li mits. Only one raw milk sample was found to contain pesticide residue above the permissible level.

However, on the quality parameters, 41% of the samples though safe, were less in and/or  solid - not - fat  (SNF)  rendering  the  milk  sub - standard.    Presence of  other  two  quality parameters viz maltodextrin in 156 out of 6432 samples and sugar in 78 out of 6432 sam were  mainly  confined  to  processed  milk.  The  survey  did  not  find  any  non - compliance  on account  of  other  parameters  viz.  cellulose,  glucose,  starc h  and  vegetable  oil  in  the  collected samples .

## (c): No such data is available.

(d) & (e): Regular  surveillance,  monitoring  and  inspection  are  being  carried  out  by Officials of Food Safety Departments of the respective States/UTs to check compliance o provisions laid down under Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 and the rules and regul ations made thereunder. In cases where the samples are found to be non -conforming, penal action is being taken against the defaulting Food Business Operators (FBOs).

FSSAI has advised the State Food Safety authorities to  (a)  maintain a strict vigi milk chilling units to eliminate the chances of adulteration or production of any spurious milk into the milk value chain (b) intensity surveillance during festive seasons when demand and milk products increases (c) follow a policy of peri odic transfers in respect of Food Safety Officers  (FSOs)  to  prevent  development  of  collusion    and  (d)  generate  local  intell regarding the malpractices which expectedly will be more prevalent at local levels, str testing  and  enforcement  infrast ructure  both  physical  as  well  as  human  to  ensure  that  a  stri surveillance is maintained to check the malpractices of adulteration effectively.

FSSAI has developed and released a harmonized Scheme of Testing and Inspection (STI to  be  adopted  by  dairy processing  plants  for  the  purpose  of  monitoring  and  self  complianc throughout  their  production  chain  in  order  to  strengthen  their  internal  controls.  A processing plants are required to maintain appropriate records of testing which would be d during surveillance visits /inspections.

FSSAI had provided Electronic Milk Analyser and Tester (EMAT) Machines to State/UT Governments. Further, mobile food testing vans given to State/UTs have been equipped w Milk- o- Screen  machines for on - the  spot analysis of milk samples. Further, FSSAI has started providing the States/UTs with portable/handheld type rapid screening device, namely RAPTO This machine can semi - quantitatively determine antibiotics of concern in milk and aflatoxin in milk.

To build up trust of consumers in safety and quality of milk, consumer awareness engagement programs are being organised throughout the country. This includes disseminat of details about DART book and magic box containing sample tests to be performe d at home to check  adulteration  in  milk  and  Consumer  guidance  note  on  milk  products  which  has  be uploaded on website of FSSAI.

| Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2016-17   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2016-17   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2016-17   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2016-17   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2016-17   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2016-17   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2016-17   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2016-17   |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Name of State/UT                                                        | No. of Samples Analyzed                                                 | No. of Samples found Adulterated and Misbranded                         | No. of Cases Launched                                                   | No. of Cases Launched                                                   | No. of Convictions / Penalties                                          | No. of Convictions / Penalties                                          | No. of Convictions / Penalties                                          |
|                                                                         |                                                                         |                                                                         | Criminal                                                                | Civil                                                                   | Convictions                                                             | Penalties no.                                                           | Penalties amount                                                        |
| Andhra Pradesh                                                          | 297                                                                     | 28                                                                      | 6                                                                       | 14                                                                      | -                                                                       | 9                                                                       | 805000                                                                  |
| Arunachal Pradesh                                                       | 15                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Assam                                                                   | 57                                                                      | 21                                                                      | -                                                                       | 5                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Chandigarh                                                              | 4                                                                       | 1                                                                       | -                                                                       | 1                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | 15000                                                                   |
| Delhi                                                                   | 8                                                                       | 1                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Goa                                                                     | 102                                                                     | 2                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Haryana                                                                 | 147                                                                     | 43                                                                      | 2                                                                       | 27                                                                      | -                                                                       | 6                                                                       | 55100                                                                   |
| Himachal Pradesh                                                        | 18                                                                      | 2                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | 1                                                                       | 30000                                                                   |
| Jammu & Kashmir                                                         | 518                                                                     | 84                                                                      | -                                                                       | 189                                                                     | -                                                                       | 76                                                                      | -                                                                       |
| Kerala                                                                  | 49                                                                      | 5                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 1                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | 35000                                                                   |
| Madhya Pradesh                                                          | 524                                                                     | 86                                                                      | 14                                                                      | 66                                                                      | 33                                                                      | 67                                                                      | 347500                                                                  |
| Maharashtra                                                             | 1817                                                                    | 359                                                                     | 3                                                                       | 293                                                                     | 108                                                                     | -                                                                       | 1216763                                                                 |
| Manipur                                                                 | 24                                                                      | 0                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Odisha                                                                  | 25                                                                      | 8                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Puducherry                                                              | 73                                                                      | 55                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Punjab                                                                  | 999                                                                     | 199                                                                     | 5                                                                       | 243                                                                     | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | 52602                                                                   |
| Rajasthan                                                               | 342                                                                     | 36                                                                      | 10                                                                      | 7                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 3                                                                       | 4500                                                                    |
| Tamil Nadu                                                              | 152                                                                     | 56                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 51                                                                      | 35                                                                      | 38                                                                      | 309500                                                                  |
| Telangana                                                               | 70                                                                      | 11                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 10                                                                      |                                                                         |                                                                         |                                                                         |
| Uttar Pradesh                                                           | 2468                                                                    | 1306                                                                    | 19                                                                      | 1138                                                                    | 364                                                                     | 776                                                                     | 18894950                                                                |
| West Bengal                                                             | 8                                                                       | 4                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Total                                                                   | 7717                                                                    | 2307                                                                    | 59                                                                      | 2045                                                                    | 540                                                                     | 976                                                                     | Rs. 21765915                                                            |

Source: States/UTs;

| Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2017-18   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2017-18   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2017-18   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2017-18   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2017-18   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2017-18   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2017-18   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2017-18   |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Name of State/UT                                                        | No. of Samples Analyzed                                                 | No. of Samples found Adulterated and Misbranded                         | No. of Cases Launched                                                   | No. of Cases Launched                                                   | No. of Convictions / Penalties                                          | No. of Convictions / Penalties                                          | No. of Convictions / Penalties                                          |
|                                                                         |                                                                         |                                                                         | Criminal                                                                | Civil                                                                   | Convictions                                                             | Penalties no.                                                           | Penalties amount                                                        |
| Andaman& Nicobar Islands                                                | 76                                                                      | 44                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Andhra Pradesh                                                          | 171                                                                     | 18                                                                      | 03                                                                      | 09                                                                      | 09                                                                      | 07                                                                      | 285000                                                                  |
| Arunachal Pradesh                                                       | 12                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Assam                                                                   | 63                                                                      | 08                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 03                                                                      | 02                                                                      | 02                                                                      | 12,000                                                                  |
| Bihar                                                                   | 125                                                                     | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |                                                                         |
| Chandigarh                                                              | 10                                                                      | 03                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 02                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | 10,000                                                                  |
| Chhattisgarh                                                            | 41                                                                      | 12                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 03                                                                      |                                                                         | 01                                                                      | 15,000                                                                  |
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli                                                    | 21                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Daman & Diu                                                             | 03                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Goa                                                                     | 119                                                                     | 0                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Gujarat                                                                 | 548                                                                     | 75                                                                      | 02                                                                      | 43                                                                      | 42                                                                      | 42                                                                      | 11,28,500                                                               |
| Haryana                                                                 | 123                                                                     | 21                                                                      | -                                                                       | 25                                                                      | -                                                                       | 31                                                                      | 2,65,500                                                                |
| Himachal Pradesh                                                        | 08                                                                      | 03                                                                      | 01                                                                      | 01                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 02                                                                      | 45,000                                                                  |
| Jammu & Kashmir                                                         | 518                                                                     | 228                                                                     | -                                                                       | 220                                                                     | 82                                                                      | 149                                                                     | 8,78,400                                                                |
| Jharkhand                                                               | 07                                                                      | 04                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Karnataka                                                               | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       |
| Kerala                                                                  | 153                                                                     | 15                                                                      |                                                                         | 16                                                                      | 7                                                                       | 8                                                                       | 1,57,000                                                                |
| Maharashtra                                                             | 2030                                                                    | 311                                                                     | 0                                                                       | 145                                                                     | 20                                                                      | 49                                                                      | 5,60,000                                                                |
| Manipur                                                                 | 102                                                                     | 26                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Meghalaya                                                               | 25                                                                      | -                                                                       | --                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Nagaland                                                                | 24                                                                      | 18                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Odisha                                                                  | 08                                                                      | 03                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Puducherry                                                              | 164                                                                     | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Punjab                                                                  | 1420                                                                    | 485                                                                     | 01                                                                      | 175                                                                     | 02                                                                      | 112                                                                     | 6,24,150                                                                |
| Rajasthan                                                               | 559                                                                     | 85                                                                      | 19                                                                      | 25                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 23                                                                      | 38,000                                                                  |
| Sikkim                                                                  | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Tamil Nadu                                                              | 393                                                                     | 101                                                                     | 07                                                                      | 63                                                                      | 64                                                                      | 65                                                                      | 4,19,000                                                                |
| Tripura                                                                 | 08                                                                      | 02                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Uttar Pradesh                                                           | 5042                                                                    | 2631                                                                    | 05                                                                      | 2,000                                                                   | 778                                                                     | 1,078                                                                   | 25,965,000                                                              |
| Uttarakhand                                                             | 214                                                                     | 50                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| West Bengal                                                             | 11                                                                      | 07                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Total                                                                   | 11,998                                                                  | 4150                                                                    | 38                                                                      | 2730                                                                    |                                                                         |                                                                         | 30402550                                                                |
|                                                                         |                                                                         |                                                                         |                                                                         |                                                                         | 1006                                                                    | 1,569                                                                   |                                                                         |

Source: States/UTs;

| Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2018-19   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2018-19   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2018-19   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2018-19   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2018-19   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2018-19   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2018-19   | Annual Public Laboratory Testing Report for Milk for the year 2018-19   |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| State                                                                   | No. of Samples Analyzed                                                 | No. of Samples found Adulterated& Misbranded                            | No. of Cases Launched                                                   | No. of Cases Launched                                                   | No. of Convictions / Penalties                                          | No. of Convictions / Penalties                                          | No. of Convictions / Penalties                                          |
|                                                                         |                                                                         |                                                                         | Criminal                                                                | Civil                                                                   | Convictions                                                             | Penalties no.                                                           | penalties amount                                                        |
| Andaman & Nicobar Islands                                               | 03                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Andhra Pradesh                                                          | 182                                                                     | 34                                                                      | 9                                                                       | 23                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 9                                                                       | 1179000                                                                 |
| Arunachal Pradesh                                                       | 18                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       |
| Assam                                                                   | 58                                                                      | 13                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Bihar*                                                                  | 56                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       |
| Chandigarh                                                              | 31                                                                      | 01                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 01                                                                      | 01                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 25000                                                                   |
| Chhattisgarh                                                            | 164                                                                     | 103                                                                     | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Dadra & N.H                                                             | 10                                                                      | 07                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Daman & Diu                                                             | 6                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Goa                                                                     | 88                                                                      | 01                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Gujarat                                                                 | 1160                                                                    | 118                                                                     | 01                                                                      | 63                                                                      | 41                                                                      | 80                                                                      | 1623000                                                                 |
| Haryana                                                                 | 164                                                                     | 25                                                                      | 01                                                                      | 27                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 21                                                                      | 349560                                                                  |
| Himachal Pradesh                                                        | 13                                                                      | 05                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 04                                                                      | 05                                                                      | 09                                                                      | 102000                                                                  |
| Jammu & Kashmir                                                         | 410                                                                     | 71                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 89                                                                      | 69                                                                      | 69                                                                      | 357600                                                                  |
| Jharkhand                                                               | 17                                                                      | 06                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Karnataka                                                               | 189                                                                     | 27                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Kerala                                                                  | 105                                                                     | 7                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 10                                                                      | 4                                                                       | 5                                                                       | 225000                                                                  |
| Madhya Pradesh                                                          | 679                                                                     | 230                                                                     | 14                                                                      | 1                                                                       | 154                                                                     | 82                                                                      | 974000                                                                  |
| Maharashtra                                                             | 741                                                                     | 175                                                                     | 01                                                                      | 119                                                                     | 17                                                                      | 32                                                                      | 798000                                                                  |
| Manipur                                                                 | 59                                                                      | 04                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Meghalaya                                                               | 10                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Nagaland                                                                | 03                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       | 0                                                                       |
| Odisha                                                                  | 08                                                                      | 02                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Puducherry                                                              | 121                                                                     | 1                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Punjab                                                                  | 1932                                                                    | 975                                                                     | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Rajasthan                                                               | 716                                                                     | 223                                                                     | 0                                                                       | 55                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 56                                                                      | 100000                                                                  |
| Sikkim                                                                  | 7                                                                       | 1                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Tamil Nadu                                                              | 847                                                                     | 157                                                                     | 03                                                                      | 93                                                                      | 97                                                                      | 125                                                                     | 1494000                                                                 |
| Telangana                                                               | 130                                                                     | 15                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 14                                                                      | 0                                                                       | -                                                                       | 11000                                                                   |
| Tripura                                                                 | 03                                                                      | 01                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| Uttar Pradesh                                                           | 4989                                                                    | 2399                                                                    | 123                                                                     | 2127                                                                    | 15                                                                      | 983                                                                     | 22569300                                                                |
| Uttarakhand                                                             | 110                                                                     | 15                                                                      | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       | -                                                                       |
| West Bengal                                                             | 38                                                                      | 21                                                                      | 0                                                                       | 9                                                                       | 6                                                                       | 6                                                                       | 117000                                                                  |
| Total                                                                   | 13067                                                                   | 4637                                                                    |                                                                         |                                                                         |                                                                         |                                                                         |                                                                         |
|                                                                         |                                                                         |                                                                         | 152                                                                     | 2635                                                                    | 409                                                                     | 1477                                                                    | 29924460                                                                |

Source: States/UTs;