Lok Sabha Question No. 496 (STARRED), answered on 2018-04-02
Subject: Vulnerable Employment
Ministry: LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
Asked by: SHASHI THAROOR

## MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA LOK SABHA

## STARRED QUESTION NO. *496

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 02ND APRIL, 2018

## VULNERABLE EMPLOYMENT

- *496.   DR. SHASHI THAROOR:

Will the Minister of LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has taken note of the recent report of the International  Labour  Organisation  that  has  estimated  over  77  per cent of India's active workforce to be in vulnerable employment by 2019;
- (b) if  so,  the  details  thereof  along with the steps taken/being taken to tackle this issue;
- (c) whether  special  provisions  have  been  instituted  for  creation  of quality jobs in different sectors such as the manufacturing sector;
- (d) if so, the details thereof; and
- (e) if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE (IC) FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT (SHRI SANTOSH KUMAR GANGWAR)

- (a) to (e):  A Statement is laid on the Table of the House. *

STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (a) TO (e) OF LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION  NO.  *496  DUE  FOR  REPLY  ON  02-04-2018  BY  DR.  SHASHI  THAROOR REGARDING VULNERABLE EMPLOYMENT

(a) to (e): The International Labour Organisation (ILO) report 'World Employment and Social Outlook Trends - 2018', does not connote that 77% of the Indian workers will have vulnerable employment by 2019. However,  as per the report, it is projected that the  number  of  vulnerable  employment  in  Southern  Asia  which  includes  India  is expected to rise from 498.7 million in 2017 to 505.7 million in 2018 and 512.6 million by  2019.  At  the  same  time,  vulnerable  employment  rate  is  72.1%  in  2017  and  is expected to be 72% in 2018 and 71.9% in 2019.

As  per  the  results  of  last  four  available  labour  force  surveys  of  EmploymentUnemployment conducted by Labour Bureau in 2011-12, 2012-13, 2013-14 and 201516,  the  Labour  Force Participation  Rate (LFPR), Worker Population Rate (WPR) and Unemployment Rate (UR) based on Usual Principal Status UPS and Usual Principal & Subsidiary Status UPSS (PS+SS) approaches for persons aged 15 Years & above are as follows:

(in per cent)

| Survey Report    | Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR)   | Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR)   | Worker Population Rate (WPR)   | Worker Population Rate (WPR)   | Unemployment Rate (UR)   | Unemployment Rate (UR)   |
|------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|
|                  | UPS                                      | UPSS                                     | UPS                            | UPSS                           | UPS                      | UPSS                     |
| Second (2011-12) | 52.9                                     | 55.4                                     | 50.8                           | 53.6                           | 3.8                      | 3.3                      |
| Third (2012-13)  | 50.9                                     | 53.1                                     | 48.5                           | 51.0                           | 4.7                      | 4.0                      |
| Fourth (2013-14) | 52.5                                     | 55.6                                     | 49.9                           | 53.7                           | 4.9                      | 3.4                      |
| Fifth (2015-16)  | 50.3                                     | 52.4                                     | 47.8                           | 50.5                           | 5.0                      | 3.7                      |

Source: Labour Bureau, Ministry of Labour & Employment

Employment generation coupled with improving employability is the priority concern of  the  Government.  Further,  Government  has  taken  various  steps  for  generating employment in the country like encouraging private sector of economy,  fast tracking various projects involving substantial investment and increasing public expenditure on schemes like Prime Minister's Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP) run by Ministry  of  Micro,  Small  &  Medium  Enterprises,  Mahatma  Gandhi  National  Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) and Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya  Yojana  (DDU-GKY)  schemes  run  by  Ministry  of  Rural  Development  and Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM) run by

Ministry of  Housing  &  Urban  Poverty Alleviation. Details of  the  employment generated through these schemes/ programmes are given as below:

| Employment Generated                                               | Employment Generated   | Employment Generated   | Employment Generated   | Employment Generated   |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|------------------------|------------------------|------------------------|
| Schemes/Year                                                       | 2014-15                | 2015-16                | 2016-17                | 2017-18                |
| Estimated employment generated under PMEGP (No.of Persons)         | 357502                 | 323362                 | 407840                 | 231296 (22.01.2018)    |
| Persondays Generated under MGNREGS (Persondays in lakh)            | 16,629                 | 23,521                 | 23577                  | 20671 (01.03.2018)     |
| Candidates placed in jobs after training (DDU-GKY) (No.of Persons) | 54196                  | 134744                 | 84900                  | 69471 (Jan., 2018)     |
| Skill Trained Persons given Placement DAY-NULM (No. of Persons)    | 63115                  | 33664                  | 151901                 | 83333 (Jan., 2018)     |

In addition, MUDRA and Start-Ups schemes are implemented by the Government for facilitating self-employment. In order to improve the employability of youth, around 22 Ministries/Departments run skill development schemes across various sectors.

Government has also implemented the National Career Service (NCS) Project which comprises a digital portal that provides a nation-wide online platform for jobseekers and employers for job matching in a dynamic, efficient and responsive manner and has a repository of career content.

A scheme called Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana has been launched in the year 2016-17 for incentivising industry for promoting employment generation. Under this scheme employers are provided an incentive to enhance employment where the Government  will  pay  the  employer's  contribution  of  8.33%  EPS  made  for  the  new employees. In textiles (apparel and made-up) sector, the Government will also pay the  3.67%  EPF  contribution  of  employers  in  addition  to  paying  the  8.33%  EPS contribution.

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