Lok Sabha Question No. 21 (STARRED), answered on 2017-12-18
Subject: Rankings of Indian Institutions
Ministry: HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: A.P. JITHENDER REDDY, KIRIT SOMAIYA

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION

## LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 21 TO BE ANSWERED ON 18.12.2017

## Rankings of Indian Institutions

## *21. SHRI A.P. JITHENDER REDDY: DR. KIRIT SOMAIYA:

## Will the Minister of HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether it is true that none of the Indian Universities rank amongst the World's top 500 universities and if so, the details thereof and the reasons therefor;
- (b) whether the Government is aware of the declining position of Indian institutions in the  Times  World  Higher  Education  Universities  Rankings,  2016-17  and  if  so,  the details thereof;
- (c) whether the Government has dwelled upon this declining position and tried to find the cause behind such decline and if so, the details of the findings;
- (d) whether the Government has taken any steps to improve the ranking/standard of Indian institutions and to bring them at par with world universities; and
- (e) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (SH. PRAKASH JAVADEKAR)

- (a) to (e): A statement is laid on the Table of the House.

STATEMENT AS REFERRED TO IN PART (a) TO (e) OF LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION  NO.  21  TO  BE  ANSWERED  ON  18.12.2017  ASKED  BY  SHRI  A.P. JITHENDER  REDDY:  DR.  KIRIT  SOMAIYA  REGARDING  RANKINGS  OF INDIAN INSTITUTIONS

- (a) :  No,  Madam.  As  per  the  Quacquarelli  Symonds  (QS)  World  University Rankings,  2018  (8)  Indian  Institutions  have  found  place  in  the  top-500  World Universities.  The IIT Bombay and IIT Delhi have broken into the top-200 global best universities.
- (b) As  can be seen from  the statement enclosed in Annexure-I, the Indian Universities/Institutions  have,  in  fact,  been  improving  their  position  in  the global rankings.  However, depending on the parameters followed by different ranking systems and the relative performance of other institutions, there is some variation from year to year.
- (c) to (e):  The Times Higher Education (THE) and the QS rankings give substantial weightage to the 'perception' factor, which  is inherently subjective.  However, the performance of the top Indian institutions on the parameters used by ranking agencies  has  been  analysed  (enclosed  at  Annexure  II)  and  several  steps  have been taken by the Government for improving the same, which includes:
- i. Improving research funding and research productivity through initiatives like IMPRINT, Uchhatar Avishkar Yojana, Dept. of Science and Technology schemes.
- ii. Fostering global academic alliances through GIAN initiative.
- iii. Encouraging getting more foreign students through the 'Study in India' campaign.
- iv. Attracting  more  foreign  faculty  through  the  Visiting  Advanced  Joint Research (VAJRA) Faculty Scheme.
- v. Improving infrastructure through the special financing schemes through Higher Education Financing Agency (HEFA).

Apart  from  the  above,  to  encourage  institutions  to  perform  better,  the  India Rankings have been launched under the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF).

*******

## ANNEXURE-I AS REFERRED TO IN PART (b) OF LOK SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 21 TO BE ANSWERED  ON  18.12.2017  ASKED  BY  SHRI  A.P.  JITHENDER  REDDY;  DR.  KIRIT  SOMAIYA REGARDING RANKINGS OF INDIAN INSTITUTIONS

| Year of Ranking   | No. Of Institutions in Top 500 Global Best Universities   | No. Of Institutions in Top 500 Global Best Universities   | Ranking                                                              | Ranking                                           | Ranking                                                                                                                                  |
|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|                   | THE                                                       | QS                                                        | THE                                                                  | THE                                               | QS                                                                                                                                       |
| 2013              | 3                                                         | NA                                                        | IIT, Kharagpur IIT, Bombay IIT, Roorkee                              | - 226-250 - 251-275 - 351-400                     | NA                                                                                                                                       |
| 2014              | 5                                                         | NA                                                        | Punjab University IIT, Delhi IIT, Kanpur IIT, Kharagpur IIT, Roorkee | - 226-250 - 351-400 - 351-400 - 351-400 - 351-400 | NA                                                                                                                                       |
| 2015              | 4                                                         | 7                                                         | IISc, Bangalore Punjab University IIT, Bombay IIT, Roorkee           | - 276-300 - 276-300 - 351-400 - 351-400           | Bombay - 222 Delhi - 235 Kanpur - 300 Madras - 322 Kharagpur - 324 University of Delhi - 421-430 Roorkee - 461-470                       |
| 2016              | 5                                                         | 9                                                         | IISc, Bangalore IIT, Bombay IIT, Delhi IIT, Kharagpur IIT, Madras    | - 251-300 - 351-400 - 401-500 - 401-500 - 401-500 | IISc, Bangalore - 147 Delhi - 179 Bombay - 202 Madras - 254 Kanpur - 271 Kharagpur - 286 Roorkee - 391 Guwahati - 451-460 Delhi- 481-490 |
| 2017              | 5                                                         | 8                                                         | IISc, Bangalore IIT, Bombay IIT, Delhi IIT, Kanpur IIT, Madras       | - 201-250 - 351-400 - 401-500 - 401-500 - 401-500 | University of IISc, Bangalore - 152 Delhi - 185 Bombay - 219 Madras - 249 Kanpur - 302 Kharagpur - 313 Roorkee - 399                     |

## ANNEXURE-II  AS  REFERRED  TO  IN  PART  (c)  TO  (e)  OF  LOK  SABHA  STARRED QUESTION  NO.  21  TO  BE  ANSWERED  ON  18.12.2017  ASKED  BY  SHRI  A.P. JITHENDER  REDDY;  DR.  KIRIT  SOMAIYA  REGARDING  RANKINGS  OF  INDIAN INSTITUTIONS

| Parameter                                               | Weightage                                               | How Indian institutions fared                           |
|---------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|
| Teaching (the learning environment): 30%                | Teaching (the learning environment): 30%                | Teaching (the learning environment): 30%                |
| Reputation survey                                       | 15%                                                     | Poor: Not enough responses                              |
| Staff-to-student ratio                                  | 4.5%                                                    | Moderate: should get 1:10                               |
| Doctorate-to-bachelor's ratio                           | 2.25%                                                   | Moderate: increase PhDs                                 |
| PhD awarded-to-academic staff ratio                     | 6%                                                      | Moderate                                                |
| Institutional income                                    | 2.25%                                                   | Poor: Dependence on Govt                                |
| Research (volume, income and reputation): 30%           | Research (volume, income and reputation): 30%           | Research (volume, income and reputation): 30%           |
| Reputation survey                                       | 18%                                                     | Moderate                                                |
| Research income                                         | 6%                                                      | Poor: need to increase                                  |
| Research productivity                                   | 6%                                                      | Good                                                    |
| Citations (research influence): 27.5%                   | Citations (research influence): 27.5%                   | Citations (research influence): 27.5%                   |
| Citations from Elsevier database                        | 27.5%                                                   | Good                                                    |
| International outlook (staff, students, research): 7.5% | International outlook (staff, students, research): 7.5% | International outlook (staff, students, research): 7.5% |
| International-to-domestic-student ratio                 | 2.5%                                                    | Poor: no foreign students                               |
| International-to-domestic-staff ratio                   | 2.5%                                                    | Poor: few foreign faculty                               |
| International collaboration                             | 2.5%                                                    | Moderate                                                |
| Industry income (knowledge transfer): 5%                | Industry income (knowledge transfer): 5%                | Industry income (knowledge transfer): 5%                |
| Consultancy/innovations                                 | 5%                                                      | Moderate                                                |