Lok Sabha Question No. 1550 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-03-05
Subject: Girls’ Dropout Rate
Ministry: HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: HEMAMALINI

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION & LITERACY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1550 TO BE ANSWERED ON 05.03.2018

## Girls' Dropout Rate

## 1550. SHRIMATI HEMA MALINI:

Will the Minister of HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the dropout rate of girls in schools across the country is very high and if so, the details thereof and the reasons therefor;
- (b) whether it is a fact that the safety and other school related factors are the main reasons of high rate of girls' dropout in schools across the country;
- (c) whether the Government has taken several initiatives to reduce the girls' dropout rate in schools but are not so effective in reducing the same and if so, the details thereof along with the reasons therefor; and
- (d)  the  details  of  effective  measures  taken/to  be  taken  by  the  Government  to  increase  the girls'  retention  specifically  among  marginalized  girls  and  to  achieve  zero  dropout  of  girls students in schools and if so, the details thereof?

## A N S W E R MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (SHRI UPENDRA KUSHWAHA)

- (a) & (b) As per Unified District Information System for Education (U-DISE) maintained by National Institute of Education Planning and Administration (NIEPA), National and Statewise  Annual  average  drop-out  rates  of  girls  at  primary,  upper  primary,  secondary  and higher secondary levels during 2014-2015 are given in Annexure.

The  dropout  rate  of  girls  at  primary  level  has  been  steadily  decreasing  in  the  last  five years. The details of annual average drop-out rate of girls at primary level as per Unified District Information System for Education (U-DISE) are as under:

|   2010-11 |   2011-12 |   2012-13 |   2013-14 |   2014-15 |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
|      6.37 |      6.07 |      5.34 |      4.66 |      4.49 |

The total enrolment of girls in elementary classes increased from 9,34,44,981 in 2010-11 to 9,55,55,995 in 2014-15, and in secondary classes it has increased from 1,43,39,430 to 1,81,80,094 during the same period.

Major reasons for drop-out rates as per the National Family Health Survey - IV conducted by  International  Institute  for  Population  Sciences  (IIPS),  India  (designated  as  the  nodal agency by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW), Government of India), for children between age-group 6-17 years and as per the National Sample Survey (NSS) 71 st round (January-June, 2014)  Report on 'Social Consumption: Education' conducted by  National  Sample  Survey  Office  (NSSO)  of  Ministry  of  Statistics  and  Programme Implementation are

- -Not interested in studies
- -Costs too much / Financial constraints
- -Engage in Economic Activities.
- -Required for house hold work/ Engage in Domestic Activities
- -School too far away
- -Further education not considered necessary
- -Did not get admission  Marriage
- -Repeated failures
- (c)  &  (d) Sarva  Shiksha  Abhiyan  (SSA),  and  Rashtriya  Madhyamik  Shiksha  Abhiyan (RMSA),  are  programmes  for  universalisation  of  elementary  and  secondary  education respectively, which have targeted interventions for girls. SSA strategies for promotion of girls education include inter-alia, opening of schools in the neighbourhood to make access easier  for  girls,  appointment  of  additional  teachers  including  women  teachers,  free textbooks, free uniforms, separate toilets for girls, teachers' sensitization programmes to promote girls participation, gendersensitive teaching-learning materials including textbooks.  In  addition,  the  Kasturba  Gandhi  Balika  Vidyalayas  (KGBVs)  have  been opened in educationally backward blocks where the female rural literacy rate is below the national average, to provide residential upper primary schools for girls from SC/ST/OBC/Muslim and BPL families.

The 'Beti Bachao Beti Padhao' scheme is a joint initiative of Ministry of Women and Child Development,  Ministry  of  Health  &  Family  Welfare  and  Ministry  of  Human  Resource Development.  The  scheme  has-been  initiated  with  the  objectives  of  preventing  gender based  sex  selection  elimination,  ensuring  survival  and  protection  of  the  girl  child  and ensuring her education.

Under the Swachh Vidyalaya Initiative, 417796 toilets blocks have been constructed/reconstructed in 261400 elementary and secondary government schools from 15 th August, 2014 to 15 th August, 2015. As on 15 th August, 2015, every government school has gender segregated toilets.

The RMSA provides for strengthening of secondary schools and opening of new schools, additional teachers, residential quarters for teachers in remote/hilly areas, girls hostels in educationally backward blocks, gender sensitization of teachers and separate toilet blocks for girls, girls activity room in schools etc.

The National Scheme of Incentive to Girls for Secondary Education (NSIGSE) seeks to reduce  drop-outs  and  promote  enrolment  of  girls  especially  those  belonging  to  SC/ST communities,  by  providing  funds  for  a  fixed  deposit  at  class  IX  level  in  the  name  of eligible unmarried girls below 16 years. In addition, exemption from paying tuition fee in Kendriya Vidyalayas, and 33% reservation for girls in Navodaya Vidyalayas, have also been implemented.

Annexure referred to in reply of part (a) of LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1550 for 05.03.2018 by SHRIMATI HEMA MALINI: regarding Girls' Dropout Rate.

State/UTs-wise Dropout Rate, 2014-15

| State/UTs                 | Primary   | Primary   | Primary   | Upper Primary   | Upper Primary   | Upper Primary   | Secondary   | Secondary   | Secondary   | Class XI - XII   | Class XI - XII   | Class XI - XII   |
|---------------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|------------------|------------------|------------------|
| State/UTs                 | Boys      | Girls     | Total     | Boys            | Girls           | Total           | Boys        | Girls       | Total       | Boys             | Girls            | Total            |
| Andaman & Nicobar Islands | 0.47      | 0.55      | 0.51      | 1.44            | 1.95            | 1.69            | 11.47       | 8.16        | 9.87        | 21.05            | 12.21            | 16.93            |
| Andhra Pradesh            | 6.57      | 6.89      | 6.72      | 5.09            | 5.32            | 5.20            | 15.81       | 15.60       | 15.71       | -                | -                | -                |
| Arunachal Pradesh         | 11.51     | 10.09     | 10.82     | 5.31            | 8.08            | 6.71            | 18.33       | 15.81       | 17.11       | 19.37            | 17.44            | 18.42            |
| Assam                     | 16.07     | 14.65     | 15.36     | 10.45           | 10.56           | 10.51           | 24.64       | 29.28       | 27.06       | -                | -                | -                |
| Bihar                     | 0.35      | -         | -         | 4.14            | 4.01            | 4.08            | 25.21       | 26.62       | 25.90       | -                | -                | -                |
| Chandigarh                | -         | -         | -         | 0.01            | 0.96            | 0.44            | -           | -           | -           | 12.10            | 8.41             | 10.55            |
| Chhattisgarh              | 3.08      | 2.74      | 2.91      | 6.47            | 5.22            | 5.85            | 22.62       | 19.92       | 21.26       | 1.37             | 4.14             | 2.76             |
| Dadra &Nagar Haveli       | 1.60      | 1.31      | 1.47      | 3.70            | 4.40            | 4.02            | 18.19       | 15.08       | 16.77       | 13.45            | 4.77             | 9.47             |
| Daman &Diu                | 1.80      | 0.29      | 1.11      | 3.14            | 3.07            | 3.11            | 34.45       | 29.73       | 32.27       | 44.38            | 36.05            | 40.48            |
| Delhi                     | -         | -         | -         | 0.95            | 0.55            | 0.76            | 13.55       | 9.80        | 11.81       | 20.91            | 13.15            | 17.32            |
| Goa                       | 0.63      | 0.84      | 0.73      | -               | 0.21            | 0.07            | 14.15       | 7.68        | 11.15       | 18.27            | 9.39             | 13.91            |
| Gujarat                   | 0.82      | 0.98      | 0.89      | 4.65            | 8.54            | 6.41            | 26.29       | 23.24       | 25.04       | 8.40             | 5.26             | 7.04             |
| Haryana                   | 5.54      | 5.69      | 5.61      | 5.50            | 6.18            | 5.81            | 16.35       | 15.30       | 15.89       | 6.24             | 5.12             | 5.75             |
| Himachal Pradesh          | 0.46      | 0.83      | 0.64      | 0.50            | 1.27            | 0.87            | 6.31        | 5.80        | 6.07        | 9.02             | 5.57             | 7.41             |
| Jammu And Kashmir         | 6.98      | 6.59      | 6.79      | 4.98            | 5.95            | 5.44            | 16.97       | 17.65       | 17.28       | 13.85            | 11.20            | 12.65            |
| Jharkhand                 | 5.91      | 5.03      | 5.48      | 9.01            | 8.96            | 8.99            | 23.45       | 24.56       | 24.00       | 2.72             | 4.18             | 3.41             |
| Karnataka                 | 2.03      | 2.01      | 2.02      | 3.46            | 4.27            | 3.85            | 27.71       | 24.52       | 26.18       | 5.97             | -                | 1.96             |
| Kerala                    | -         | -         | -         | -               | 0.00            | -               | 14.96       | 9.52        | 12.32       | 1.54             | -                | 0.47             |
| Lakshadweep               | -         | -         | -         | 2.37            | 3.18            | 2.78            | 8.82        | 4.96        | 6.76        | 3.00             | 3.21             | 3.12             |
| Madhya Pradesh            | 6.48      | 6.72      | 6.59      | 7.78            | 10.70           | 9.20            | 23.71       | 25.97       | 24.77       | -                | 0.73             | -                |
| Maharashtra               | 1.26      | 1.25      | 1.26      | 0.89            | 2.83            | 1.79            | 13.11       | 12.58       | 12.87       | 2.02             | 1.60             | 1.83             |
| Manipur                   | 9.50      | 9.83      | 9.66      | 3.61            | 4.80            | 4.20            | 12.94       | 15.86       | 14.38       | -                | -                | -                |
| Meghalaya                 | 10.35     | 8.56      | 9.46      | 6.77            | 6.30            | 6.52            | 20.80       | 20.27       | 20.52       | -                | -                | -                |
| Mizoram                   | 10.17     | 10.03     | 10.10     | 5.46            | 4.06            | 4.78            | 23.02       | 20.73       | 21.88       | 9.00             | 4.85             | 6.91             |
| Nagaland                  | 6.18      | 5.02      | 5.61      | 7.87            | 7.97            | 7.92            | 17.98       | 18.47       | 18.23       | 10.36            | 3.19             | 6.97             |
| Odisha                    | 2.91      | 2.81      | 2.86      | 4.11            | 3.49            | 3.81            | 29.74       | 29.37       | 29.56       | -                | -                | -                |
| Puducherry                | 0.36      | 0.38      | 0.37      | 0.44            | 0.69            | 0.56            | 14.94       | 9.36        | 12.19       | 5.40             | 3.69             | 4.50             |
| Punjab                    | 2.89      | 3.25      | 3.05      | 2.95            | 3.55            | 3.22            | 9.22        | 8.39        | 8.86        | 7.52             | 3.67             | 5.83             |
| Rajasthan                 | 5.02      | 5.02      | 5.02      | 2.54            | 3.73            | 3.07            | 13.54       | 13.40       | 13.48       | -                | -                | -                |
| Sikkim                    | 3.75      | 0.62      | 2.27      | 2.07            | 1.08            | 1.57            | 17.58       | 14.39       | 15.89       | 12.48            | 11.17            | 11.76            |
| Tamil Nadu                | -         | -         | -         | -               | -               | -               | 11.67       | 4.36        | 8.10        | 4.59             | 2.34             | 3.41             |
| Telangana                 | 2.21      | 1.94      | 2.08      | 2.43            | 2.17            | 2.30            | 16.54       | 14.50       | 15.53       | 2.06             | -                | 0.77             |
| Tripura                   | 1.37      | 1.19      | 1.28      | 2.37            | 1.61            | 1.99            | 28.03       | 28.83       | 28.42       | 8.97             | 8.89             | 8.93             |
| Uttar Pradesh             | 9.08      | 8.04      | 8.58      | 0.78            | 4.61            | 2.70            | 9.89        | 10.60       | 10.22       | 1.79             | 2.45             | 2.10             |
| Uttrakhand                | 4.37      | 3.67      | 4.04      | 0.79            | 1.62            | 1.19            | 11.26       | 9.46        | 10.40       | 3.40             | 2.61             | 3.01             |
| West Bengal               | 2.13      | 0.79      | 1.47      | 5.84            | 2.88            | 4.30            | 16.33       | 19.06       | 17.80       | 8.18             | 8.04             | 8.11             |
| All India                 | 4.36      | 3.88      | 4.13      | 3.49            | 4.60            | 4.03            | 17.21       | 16.88       | 17.06       | 0.25             | -                | -                |

Source: U-DISE, 2015-16