Lok Sabha Question No. 950 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-02-08
Subject: Review of SBM
Ministry: DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION
Asked by: PRATHAP SIMHA, SHOBHA KARANDLAJE, ANOOP MISHRA

## Government of India

## Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 950 TO BE ANSWERED ON 08-02-2018

## Review of SBM

## 950. SHRI PRATHAP SIMHA: KUMARI SHOBHA KARANDLAJE: SHRI ANOOP MISHRA:

Will the Minister of DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION be pleased to state :

- (a) the details regarding constructionand use of toilets during each of the lastthree years and the current year, State/UTwise;
- (b) whether the Ministry has reviewedthe Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)(SBM-G) with a particular focus onInformation, Education andCommunication (IEC) efforts underway inthe States and if so, the details thereof;
- (c) the number of villages, districtsand States/UTs declared Open DefecationFree (ODF) and the rural sanitation coverageas on 31/12/2017 under SBM;
- (d) whether the Governmentproposes to focus on behaviour changecommunication, delivered through a mixtureof targeted inter-personal communicationand mass communication and  if so, thedetails thereof;
- (e)  the  steps  taken  on  innovative  toilettechnologies  development  byentrepreneurs  in  the sanitation  sector  thatcan  help  scale  up  the  design  and  productionof  toilets  and  help  design toilets that areeasier for use by senior citizens and thedifferently-abled persons;
- (f)  whether  young  professionals  aredeployed  as  ZilaSwachh  Bharat  Preraksin  Districts  as valuable resource personsand if so, the details thereof; and
- (g) the measures taken to achieve thetargets of ODF India by 2019?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE FOR MINISTRY OF DRINKING WATER & SANITATION (SHRI RAMESH CHANDAPPA JIGAJINAGI)

- (a) State/UT-wise number of Individual household latrines (IHHLs) constructed during last 3 years and current year under Swachh Bharat Mission [SBM(G)] as per the information on the Integrated  Management  Information System  (IMIS)  of  SBM(G)  is  at  Annexure-I.    As  per SwachhSurvekshanGramin  2017  undertaken  in  2017 by  Quality  Council  of  India,  91.29% toilets are being used. State/UT-wise details in this regard is at Annexure-II.
- (b)  Ministry  of Drinking Water  & Sanitation  has  been  regularly  reviewing  States  focus  on IEC.In  order  to  help  the  States  on  IEC  activities,  the  Ministry  has  also  issued  guidelines suggesting activities to be taken up under IEC.  The Ministry regularly monitorsthe progress of the programme including IEC through a series of meetings/video conferences/workshops

organised with the States, also taking into account the progress reported by the States on the IMIS.

(c)  As  reported  on  the  IMIS,  as  on  31.12.2017,  302445  villages,  284  districts  and  9 States/UTs  weredeclared  Open  Defecation  Free  (ODF).  Rural  sanitation  coverage  as  on 31.12.2017 was 75.43%.

(d) As per the existing programme of SBM(G) there is already a focus on behaviour change. Communication  with  emphasis  on  interpersonal  communication  and  guidelines  have  been issued in this regard.

(e)  The  technology aspect  is  also  being  given  top priority    and an expert  committee  under Dr.R.A. Mashelkar has been constituted to examine new innovative toilet technologies; and exhibitions/  consultations  are  organized  to  spread  awareness  about  these  technologies amongst the States and other stakeholders.

(f) In an effort to help strengthen the capacities at the districts and provide them technical and management support, the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation in partnership with the Tata  Trusts  have  engaged  ZilaSwachh  Bharat  Preraks ( ZSBPs).  The  role  of  these  young ZSBPs have been  to support the district officials to implement SBM-G by coordinating the various SBM-G related activities.

(g) Under SBM (G), the following measures have been taken to achieve the targets of ODF India by 2019:-

- Focus  on  collective  behavior  change  of  community  entails  triggering  the  entire village. As Sanitation is a state subject,  the States are free to choose the approach best suited  to  them.  Focus  is  also  on  complete  coverage  through  declaration  of  open defecation free (ODF) villages, rather than only on construction of individual toilets.
- The  programme  provides  flexibility  to  the  States  in  the  implementation  in  view  of vast socio-economic-cultural diversity of India with promotion to innovations.
- Media  campaigns  rolled  out  centrally  by  the  Ministry,  make  people  aware  about issues arising out of open defecation. The two such campaigns featuring social icons, Shri  Amitabh Bacchan and Ms. Anushka Sharma urge people  to defecate in closed toilets and are aptly titled as 'Darwaza Band toh BeemariBand'.Doordarshanhas also produced and telecast episodes on 'Har Kadam Swachhata Ki Ore' on behalf of the Ministry.
- A greater emphasis is given on capacity building, especially in community approaches and programme management. The various initiatives are being taken to reach out to all  the stakeholders.   The Ministry has empaneled a number of organizations called Key Resource Centres (KRCs) for capacity building of the programme implementing agencies  and  the  field  functionaries  in  the  States.  As  key  officials,  the  District Collectors have been roped in the  programme to provide leadership at the grassrootslevel.
- The programme is being run as a janandolan with cooperation of all sections of the society including the NGOs, Corporates, youth etc. The Panchayats are being actively involved.
- Innovations in technology is being promoted at the national and State levels. There is a national committee under the chairmanship of Dr. R.A.Mashelkar that examines all new technologies from the point of view of safety and feasibility.
- Monitoring  and  Evaluation  has  also  been  strengthened.  The  IMIS  has  data  up  to household level, with provision to capture geo-tagged photographs of toilets.

Annexure-1 Statement referred in part (a) of the reply to Lok Sabha Un-Starred Question No.950 due for reply on 08-02-2018 State/UT-wise Individual household latrines(IHHLs) constructed during last three years and

## current year as on 06-02-2018 as per IMIS

| S.N.   | State/UT          | 2014-15   | 2015-16   |   2016-17 |   2017-18 (Upto 06-02-2018) |
|--------|-------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------------------------|
| 1      | A&NISLANDS        |           |           |       979 |                       15989 |
| 2      | ANDHRAPRADESH     | 213867    | 354996    |    788496 |                     1428373 |
| 3      | ARUNACHAL PRADESH | 12902     | 19439     |     42552 |                       41460 |
| 4      | ASSAM             | 148237    | 465545    |   1054882 |                      562972 |
| 5      | BIHAR             | 165457    | 427038    |    872331 |                     1792494 |
| 6      | CHHATTISGARH      | 39128     | 357107    |   1464977 |                      923459 |
| 7      | D&NHAVELI         | 0         |           |         0 |                       17907 |
| 8      | DAMAN & DIU       |           |           |         0 |                        1600 |
| 9      | GOA               | 0         | 28637     |         0 |                           0 |
| 10     | GUJARAT           | 335762    | 922728    |   1559806 |                      428648 |
| 11     | HARYANA           | 107765    | 132661    |    126162 |                      319777 |
| 12     | HIMACHALPRADESH   | 54265     | 66632     |     80521 |                          10 |
| 13     | JAMMU &KASHMIR    | 8496      | 64665     |     83455 |                      223574 |
| 14     | JHARKHAND         | 98512     | 315130    |    832239 |                      822606 |
| 15     | KARNATAKA         | 791687    | 533011    |    720075 |                     1260119 |
| 16     | KERALA            | 34101     | 11752     |    195090 |                           0 |
| 17     | MADHYA PRADESH    | 521739    | 1022566   |   1860073 |                     2067101 |
| 18     | MAHARASHTRA       | 500897    | 889170    |   1917675 |                     1950244 |
| 19     | MANIPUR           | 27860     | 47636     |     41423 |                       34263 |
| 20     | MEGHALAYA         | 42002     | 44129     |     45973 |                       87138 |
| 21     | MIZORAM           | 534       | 6026      |      2872 |                       13759 |
| 22     | NAGALAND          | 0         | 22617     |     38112 |                       14869 |
| 23     | ODISHA            | 130925    | 1329832   |   1263960 |                      449256 |
| 24     | PUDUCHERRY        | 0         | 0         |      2430 |                        4433 |
| 25     | PUNJAB            | 9887      | 71543     |    106626 |                       56904 |
| 26     | RAJASTHAN         | 653306    | 2164590   |   2721433 |                     1969867 |
| 27     | SIKKIM            | 3562      | 3707      |         0 |                           0 |
| 28     | TAMILNADU         | 378162    | 948287    |   1139701 |                     1637195 |
| 29     | TELANGANA         | 130725    | 240168    |    520092 |                     1305202 |
| 30     | TRIPURA           | 24869     | 61173     |     43829 |                       27222 |
| 31     | UTTAR PRADESH     | 515427    | 694487    |   1740917 |                     3164757 |
| 32     | UTTARAKHAND       | 57833     | 64030     |    335264 |                       42962 |
| 33     | WEST BENGAL       | 847080    | 1432065   |   2322394 |                      912245 |
|        | GRANDTOTAL        | 5854987   | 12741367  |  21924339 |                    21576405 |

Annexure-2 Statement referred in part (a) of the reply to Lok Sabha Un-Starred Question No.950 due for reply on 08-02-2018

State/UT-wise, % Toilets usage as per SwachhSurvekshan2017

| S.N.   | State/UT Name     |   Toilet usage |
|--------|-------------------|----------------|
| 1      | A&NISLANDS        |           97   |
| 2      | ANDHRAPRADESH     |           93   |
| 3      | ARUNACHAL PRADESH |           98   |
| 4      | ASSAM             |           92   |
| 5      | BIHAR             |           87   |
| 6      | CHHATTISGARH      |           87   |
| 7      | D&NHAVELI         |           69   |
| 8      | GOA               |           96   |
| 9      | GUJARAT           |           91   |
| 10     | HARYANA           |          100   |
| 11     | HIMACHAL PRADESH  |          100   |
| 12     | JAMMU &KASHMIR    |           94   |
| 13     | JHARKHAND         |           65   |
| 14     | KARNATAKA         |           95   |
| 15     | KERALA            |           99   |
| 16     | MADHYA PRADESH    |           87   |
| 17     | MAHARASHTRA       |           96   |
| 18     | MANIPUR           |          100   |
| 19     | MEGHALAYA         |           98   |
| 20     | MIZORAM           |           90   |
| 21     | NAGALAND          |          100   |
| 22     | ODISHA            |           80   |
| 23     | PUDUCHERRY        |           91   |
| 24     | PUNJAB            |           98   |
| 25     | RAJASTHAN         |           89   |
| 26     | SIKKIM            |           99   |
| 27     | TAMILNADU         |           92   |
| 28     | TELANGANA         |           96   |
| 29     | TRIPURA           |          100   |
| 30     | UTTAR PRADESH     |           87   |
| 31     | UTTARAKHAND       |           99   |
| 32     | WEST BENGAL       |           94   |
|        | GRAND TOTAL       |           91.3 |