opensansad/lok-sabha-qa huggingface dataset:
Lok Sabha Question No. 981 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-21
Subject: Inland Waterways
Ministry: SHIPPING
Asked by: MAHEISH GIRRI

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY  OF SHIPPING

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.981 TO BE ANSWERED ON 21St DECEMBER, 2017 INLAND WATERWAYS

981. SHRI MAHEISH GIRRI:

Will the Minister of SHIPPING be pleased  to state: +d  qkdrrr  t-ff

- (a) whether inland  waterways are governed by multiple authorities such as Central lnland Water Transport Corporation Limited  (CIWTC Ltd.), port authorities, State Governments and lnland Watemays Authority of lndia;
- (b) if so, the details thereof ;
- (c) whether the Ministry intends  to overcome/subsume  multiple authorities into one and streamline  governing mechanism of inland wateruays:
- (d) if so, the details thereof; and
- (e) if not, the action proposed to be taken by the Government to ensure that there is no overlapping of jurisdictions  and regulatory turf war between  these multiple agencies that may unnecessarily delay the development  projects?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF SHIPPING (SHRI PON. RADHAKRISHNAN)

- (a)&(b):Under  the lnland Wateruays Authority  of lndia  (lWAl)  Act, 1985, the lWAl is responsible  for the regulation  and development  of inland waterways,  declared  as National  Waterways  as  per  the National  Waterways  Act, 2016, for the purposes of shipping and navigation and for matters  connected therewith.
- (c)to(e):There is no proposal to subsume multiple  authorities for skeamlining  the mechanism governing the development of National Waterways  as no maior problems are being faced on this account.

)i)t***
Lok Sabha Question No. 980 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-21
Subject: Replacement of FM at AIR
Ministry: INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING
Asked by: LAXMI NARAYAN YADAV

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & BROADCASTING

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 980 (TO BE ANSWERED ON 21.12.2017)

## REPLACEMENT OF FM AT AIR 980. SHRI LAXMI NARAYAN YADAV:

## Will the Minister of INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING be pleased to state:

- (a) whether action has been taken on the proposal for replacement of 6 KW FM by the 10 KW FM at All India Radio, Sagar district in Madhya Pradesh during the 12th Five Year Plan period;
- (b) if so, the details thereof; and
- (c) the present status of the implementation of the proposal?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND

## BROADCASTING

## {COL RAJYAVARDHAN RATHORE (Retd.)}

(a) to (c) Yes, Madam. Prasar Bharati has informed that scheme for replacement of 6 KW FM by the 10 KW FM at All India Radio, Sagar District in Madhya Pradesh was approved under 12 th Plan. Purchase order for the transmitter has been placed and the  transmitter  has  been  inspected.  It  is  presently  under  shipment  from  the foreign port.

******
Lok Sabha Question No. 979 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-21
Subject: Safety Audit by ICAO
Ministry: CIVIL AVIATION
Asked by: ELUMALAI VELLAIGOUNDER

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CIVIL AVIATION LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. : 979 (To be answered on the December 2017) 21st

Safety Audit by ICAO

979\_

SHRI V. ELUMALAI

## Will the Minister of CIVIL AVIATION

.

be pleased to state:-

- (2) whether the Directorate General for Civil Aviation (DGCA) is bracing for 4 safety oversight audit by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and if S0, the details thereof;
2. (c) whether DGCA has taken steps to hire flight operation inspectors, aligning its rules with ICAO norms, certifying flight examiners, among them and if s0, the details thereof;
3. (b) whether the DGCA is a series of steps to save itself from repeated embarrassment following the 2012 audit in which the ICAO had raised safety concerns about India s aviation system and if sO, the details thereof; taking
4. (d) whether the DGCA has been holding review meetings with airline and airport; operations every month for safety compliance and if s0, the details thereof; and
5. (e) whether the DGCA has issued rules for allowing airlines to recommend appointing designated flight examiners for conducting flight tests and technical

## ANSWER

## Minister of State in the Ministry of CIVIL A VIATION

(Shri Jayant Sinha)

- (2) ICAO conducted an audit of India from 6th to 16th November 2017 in the areas of legislation, organisation, personnel licensing; flight operations and airworthiness. The audit was conducted based on an MoU signed between ICAO and India on the dates agreed by India.
2. ( DGCA has taken steps to hire full cadre of 75 Flight Operation Inspectors (FOIs) As on date there are 70 FOIs o strength of DGCA; Civil Aviation
3. (b) DGCA prepared for the audit as per audit questionnaire provided by ICAO and during the audit; all relevant evidences were provided t0 the auditors

`

Requirements (CAR) have been issued /amended to align with ICAO Annex provisions.

(d) This Ministry DGCA have been conducting monthly meetings with airlines and airport operators to bring and process regulatory reforms for ease of doing business and safety compliance:

Flight examiners are approved by DGCA under the provision of CARs and the proficiency of flight examiners is ensured by conducting standardization check by DGCA FOI:

(e) Designated Examiners (DE) of the airlines are provisions of CAR Section 7, Series I Part I for Conduct of Flight Tests. DGCA has issued CAR Section 7, Series D Part V for approval of Airlines Type Rating Programme (ATRP) for scheduled operators for conduct of written examinations, training and checking for issue of type ratings for aeroplane types operated by them\_

DGCA has also issued CAR Section &, Series D Part IV for approval of Approved Training Organisations (ATOs)

'

'
Lok Sabha Question No. 978 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-21
Subject: Utilisation of Funds for Differently Abled Persons
Ministry: YOUTH AFFAIRS AND SPORTS
Asked by: APARUPA PODDAR

## MINISTRY OF YOUTH AFFAIRS & SPORTS

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA (DEPARTMENT OF SPORTS)

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.978

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 21.12.2017

Utilisation of Funds for Differently Abled Persons

978.  SHRIMATI APARUPA PODDAR:

Will the Minister of YOUTH AFFAIRS AND SPORTS be pleased to state:

- (a)  details  of  the  utilization  of  funds  for  differently  abled  persons  under the Khelo India Scheme;
- (b)  whether  there  has  been  Sports  Infrastructure  creation  under  Khelo India  Scheme,  especially  for  the  differently  abled,  if  so,  the  details thereof; and
- (c) if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR YOUTH AFFAIRS & SPORTS {COL. RAJYAVARDHAN RATHORE (RETD.)}

- (a) Rs.83.70  lakh  was  released  in  the  year  2017-18  under  the  Khelo India Scheme, for conducting various activities like community coaches training  and  holding  of  games  at  District,  State  and  National  level  for disabled persons.
- (b) The  revamped  Khelo  India  Scheme  which  came  into  effect  in October, 2017 consists of twelve verticals including Promotion of Sports among persons with disabilities. The relevant provisions are summarized below:

Financial  assistance  on  case  to  case  basis,  keeping  in  view  fund state, will be provided to States/UTs and Sports Authority of India (SAI) for creation of specialist sports infrastructure for persons with disabilities.  Funds  required  for  making  stadia  disabled  friendly  /  barrier free  will  be  accessed  from  Scheme  for  Implementation  of  Persons  with Disabilities Act (SIPDA) of Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities. The funds will be used for classification of players, equipment, training and preparation of teams for Paralympic Games and disciplines  and  competitions.  Funds  will  be  utilized  for  classification  of Athletes, training of Indian classifiers, and setting up/supporting Specialised Sports Training Centres for people with disabilities, coaching development, scholarships for coaching diploma both by differently abled persons  and  able-bodied  persons  seeking  coaching  for  training  paraathletes, and competitions.

- (c) Does not arise.

******
Lok Sabha Question No. 977 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-21
Subject: Development of Wind Power
Ministry: NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
Asked by: DARSHANA VIKRAM JARDOSH

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 977

TO BE ANSWERED ON 21.12.2017

## DEVELOPMENT OF WIND POWER

## 977. SHRIMATI DARSHANA VIKRAM JARDOSH:

Will the Minister of NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY be pleased to state:

- (a): whether the Centre for Wind Energy Technology (CWET) has received any proposal from the Government of Gujarat for joint research work and  further development of wind power in the State and if so, the details thereof and the action taken by the Union Government thereon;
- (b): whether  the  Union  Government  is  aware  of  the  vast  potential  of  wind  power generation in Gujarat and if so, the details thereof;
- (c): whether  the  Union  Government  has  made/intends  to  make  any  assessment  in  this regard and if so, the details thereof; and
- (d): the targets set along with the action plan of the Union Government to tap wind power energy in the country, especially in Gujarat?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR POWER AND NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY (I/C) (SHRI R.K. SINGH)

- (a): National Institute of Wind  Energy (NIWE)  (erstwhile C-WET)  has  inked a Memorandum of  Understanding  for collaborative research in the field of renewable energy with the Gujarat Energy Research & Management Institute (GERMI), which is supported by the Government of Gujarat.
- (b): NIWE has estimated the wind power potential of Gujarat at 100 m level as 84.431 GW.
- (c): The Wind Resource Assessment in Gujarat state has been carried out by installation of  wind  masts  ranging  from  20  m  to  120  m  level.  As  on  31.10.2017,  82  nos.  of  Wind Monitoring Stations were established in Gujarat.
- (d): The  Union  Government  has  set  a  target  of  reaching  175  GW  of  renewable  power capacity in the country by 2022. Out of this, 60 GW have been targeted to be achieved from wind energy by 2022. This will include installations for Wind Energy in Gujarat.
Lok Sabha Question No. 976 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-21
Subject: Air Services on Non-viable Routes
Ministry: CIVIL AVIATION
Asked by: PARVESH SAHIB SINGH

976.

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CIVIL AVIATION LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. : 976 (To be answered on the 21St December 2017)

## AIR SERVICES ON NON-VIABLE ROUTES

SHRI PARVESH SAHIB SINGH

## Will the Minister of CIVIL AVIATION

be pleased to state:-

- (a) whether the Government has considered any method of compensation to encourage the airline operators to continue their services On routes that are found non-viable after the commencement of operations;
- (c) whether the Directorate General of Civil Aviation has certified the airports, current and the proposed routes, as safe and capable to handle occupied flights and if not; the reasons therefor; and fully
- (6) if s0, the details thereof including the time period and terms and conditions for such compensation;
- (d) whether the Government is conducting a market survey on other proposed routes before being offered for bidding and if s0, the details thereof and if not; the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

Minister 0f State in the Ministry of CIVIL AVIATION

(a): No Sir.

(c): Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) grants aerodrome license on compliance of requirements laid down in DGCA Civil Aviation Requirements (CARs) Section-4, Series B; Part-I: DGCA has granted license to 76 aerodrome in public use category since 2006.

(b): Does not arise.

The operations of scheduled (civil) flights at Defence airfields are being conducted after

- (d): With repeal of Air Corporation Act in March 1994, the Indian aviation sector was deregulated. Airlines are free to induct capacity with any aircraft type; free to select whatever markets and network wish to service and operate Government has laid down Route Dispersal Guidelines (RDG) with a view to achieve better regulation of air transport services taking into account the need for air transport services of different of the country: It is, however, Up to the airlines to provide air services to specific places depending upon the traffic demand and commercial viability. As such, the airlines 4re free tc operate anywhere in the country subject to compliance of RDG issued by Government. they regions

(Shri Jayant Sinha)
Lok Sabha Question No. 975 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-21
Subject: Stressed Power Plants
Ministry: POWER
Asked by: A.T. (NANA) PATIL

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF POWER

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.975 TO BE ANSWERED ON 21.12.2017

## STRESSED POWER PLANTS

975.   SHRI A.T. NANA PATIL:

Will the Minister of POWER be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  NTPC  had  decided  a  few  years  back  to  acquire  certain stressed power assets in central as well as State power sectors;
- (b) if  so,  the  details  of  such  assets  for  which  acquisition  has  been completed;
- (c) whether the Government has taken any steps for the running of debt ridden power plants by lenders themselves for a fee instead of acquisition; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof?

## A N S W E R

THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR POWER AND NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY

( SHRI  R. K. SINGH )

(a) & (b) : NTPC has not decided to acquire any stressed power assets in  Central  or  State  Power  sector.    However,  based  upon  its  commercial assessment,  in  2016,  NTPC  acquired  Patratu  TPS  under  Joint  Venture route with Jharkhand Bijli Vitran Nigam Limited (NTPC 74% shareholding) and  in  June  2017,  NTPC  signed  an  MoU  with  Rajasthan  Rajya  Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Ltd. for Acquisition of Chhabra Power Project.

(c) & (d) : There is no such proposal in the Ministry of Power.

**********
Lok Sabha Question No. 974 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-21
Subject: Speed Breakers
Ministry: ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS
Asked by: DILIP PATEL

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 974

## ANSWERED ON 21 ST DECEMBER, 2017

## SPEED BREAKERS

## 974. SHRI DILIP PATEL:

## Will the Minister of ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

## सड़क परिवहन औि िाजमार्ग मंत्री

be pleased to state:

- (a) whether speed breakers in the country claim more lives than all road accidents;
- (b) if so, the details in this regard;
- (c) whether faulty design, poor material and lack of prominent markings make these speed breakers dangerous for road users;
- (d) if so, the corrective steps taken in this regard;
- (e) whether States have been instructed to ensure proper norms and designate locations for building speed breakers; and
- (f) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT & HIGHWAYS

## (SHRI MANSUKH L.MANDAVIYA)

(a)  &  (b)  This  Ministry  is  primarily  responsible  for  development  &  maintenance  of National Highways and speed breakers are not allowed on National Highway as they are one of the causes for accidents.

(c)  to  (f)  All  the  implementing  agencies  namely,  National  Highways  Authority  of  India (NHAI), State Public Works Departments (PWDS), National Highways and Infrastructure Development  Corporation  Ltd.  (NHIDCL),  Border  Roads  Organization  (BRO)  and Highway Administrations have been instructed to ensure that all the speed breakers  are removed on National Highways. The Indian Road Congress (IRC) guidelines for traffic calming measures in urban and rural areas to control the speed on highway are applicable to National Highways also.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 973 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-21
Subject: Setting up/Upgradation of Akashwani Kendras
Ministry: INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING
Asked by: BODH SINGH BHAGAT

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF INFORMATION & BROADCASTING

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 973 (TO BE ANSWERED ON 21.12.2017)

## SETTING UP/UPGRADATION OF AKASHWANI KENDRAS 973.   SHRI BODHSINGH BHAGAT:

## Will the Minister of INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING be pleased to state:

- (a) whether budget allocation has been made for setting up and upgradation of sanctioned and proposed Akashwani Kendras in Siwani and Balaghat districts in Madhya Pradesh; and
- (b) if  so, the funds sanctioned and the time by which the work related to setting up of the said Akashwani Kendras is likely to be completed?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING {COL RAJYAVARDHAN RATHORE (Retd.)}

(a) & (b) As informed by Prasar Bharati, budgetary allocation of Rs. 22 lakhs for 100 W FM transmitter for Seoni and Rs.182 lakhs for Balaghat for upgradation of FM  transmitter  from  6  KW  to  10  KW  has  been  made  for  commissioning  by November, 2018 and October, 2018 respectively.

******
Lok Sabha Question No. 972 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-21
Subject: Spot Power Rates Fluctuation
Ministry: POWER
Asked by: OM BIRLA

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF POWER

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.972 TO BE ANSWERED ON 21.12.2017

## SPOT POWER RATES FLUCTUATION

972.   SHRI OM BIRLA:

Will the Minister of POWER be pleased to state:

(a) whether the Government has taken any step for keeping the instances of spot power rates fluctuations in check;

(b) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor; and

(c) the  number  of  instances  in  the  last  three  years  where  such  spot  power rates fluctuations occurred?

## A N S W E R

THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR POWER AND NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY

( SHRI  R. K. SINGH )

(a) & (b) : In  accordance  with  the  provisions  contained  in  Section  66  of  the Electricity Act, 2003 and clause 5.7.1(f) of the National Electricity Policy, Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) brought out the CERC (Power Market) Regulations,  2010.  These  Regulations  provide  for  power  exchanges  to  function with the objective to ensure fair, neutral, efficient and robust price discovery.

The  Regulations  provides  that  the  bidding  mechanism  shall  be double sided closed bid auction for price discovery on a day-ahead basis, and the price discovered for the unconstrained market shall be a uniform market clearing price for all buyers and sellers who are cleared.

There  is  voluntary  participation  in  the  power  exchanges  in  India. There  are  more  than  3000  buyers  and  sellers  bidding  on  the  power  exchange platform.

(c) : Prices  on  day-ahead  market  on  Indian  Energy  Exchange  (IEX)  and Power Exchange India Limited (PXIL) fluctuate in every block (15 minutes) leading to  fluctuations  in  a  day  depending  upon  the  electricity  demand  and  supply position in the market at any given point in time.  During the period from April, 2014  to  October,  2017,  the  number  of  instances  of  significant  fluctuations  in electricity  prices,  i.e.  increase  in  weighted  average  day-wise  prices  above  the weighted average month-wise prices, were about 139 on IEX and 142 on PXIL.

- *********
Lok Sabha Question No. 971 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-21
Subject: Development along Ganga River Banks under CSR
Ministry: WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT AND GANAGA REJUVENATION
Asked by: SHER SINGH GHUBAYA, RAVINDRA KUMAR RAY

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT & GANGA REJUVENATION

## LOK SABHA UN STARRED QUESTION NO. †971

ANSWERED ON 21.12.2017

## DEVELOPMENT ALONG GA NGA RIVER BANKS UNDE R CSR

## †971. SHRI SHER SINGH GHUBAYA DR. RAVINDRA KUMAR RAY

Will the Minister of WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT AND GANGA REJUVENATION be pleased to state:

- (a) whether some Indian companies have expressed their willingness for development and p facilities along the banks of Ganga river with the funds under Corporate Social Responsibility (C and
- (b) if so, the names of such companies along with the details of the works for which thes have expressed their interest?

## ANSWER

THE  MINISTER  OF  STATE  FOR  WATER  RESOURCES, R IVER  DEVELOPMENT  AND GANGA REJUVENATION & HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT

( DR. SATYA PAL SINGH )

(a) & (b) Yes, Madam. The following 11 Indian & Foreign business groups/companies/individuals have  conveyed  their  intent  to  take  up  certain  works  mainly  relating  to  river  front  d construction/renovation  of  ghats,  crematoria,  providing  public  amenities  and  for  te cooperation.

- i . ShriRavi Malhotra, Foresight Shipping.
- ii . Shri Anil Agarwal, Vedanta Resources Group
- iii . Hinduja's Group
- iv . Shri Prakash Lohia, Indorama Corporation
- v. Shri Shiv Nadar, Chairman HCL
- vi . Celtic Renewables
- vii . Lyndon Water
- viii . Mebifarm
- ix . NVH Technologies
- x. Arkatap
- xi . Reliance Industries

******
Lok Sabha Question No. 970 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-21
Subject: Renewal Coating on NHs in Madhya Pradesh
Ministry: ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS
Asked by: B.V. NAYAK

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 970

ANSWERED ON 21 ST DECEMBER, 2017

## RENEWAL COATING ON NHS IN MADHYA PRADESH

970. SHRI B.V. NAIK:

- Will the Minister of ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS  be pleased to state: lM+d ifjogu vkSj jktekxZ ea=h (a) whether the Government has any programme/policy for renewal coating on the National Highways in Madhya Pradesh; (b) if so, the details thereof and the interval at which the renewal coating is required to be done on National Highways in the State; and (c) whether there is any delay in carrying out renewal coating on National Highways in the State
- and if so, by when such coating would be completed?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

(SHRI MANSUKH L. MANDAVIYA)

(a) to (c) Yes,  Madam.  Periodic  Renewal  is  carried  out  as  per  the  policy  of  the  Ministry, depending upon the condition of the road, inter se priority and availability of funds. There is no such delay reported.

********
Lok Sabha Question No. 969 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-21
Subject: Development of Waterproof/Washable Solar Cells
Ministry: NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
Asked by: JAYADEV GALLA

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 969

TO BE ANSWERED ON 21.12.2017

## DEVELOPMENT OF WATERPROOF/WASHABLE SOLAR CELLS 969. SHRI JAYADEV GALLA:

Will the Minister of NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY be pleased to state:

- (a): whether  new  type  of  waterproof/washable  solar  cells  have  been  developed  by  the University of  Tokyo; and
- (b): if so, the manner in which the above cells are different from the conventional ones being used now and the advantages thereof?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR POWER AND NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY (I/C) (SHRI R.K. SINGH)

- (a): It  has  been  reported  that  waterproof  and  washable  solar  cells  have  been  developed  by researchers from RIKEN Centre for Emergent Matter Science and University of  Tokyo.

(b): These are extremely thin and flexible organic solar cells having lower efficiency i.e. ≤ 8%. These cells made in very small size and of low power, may be integrated with the clothes which can be worn on the body and can be used to power medical devices and sensors. On the other hand, the conventional solar cells are the silicon wafer-based relatively thick and inflexible cells  (100-180 microns) and have the efficiencies in the range of 18-26%. These conventional cells are generally used for generation of  electric power.

*******