opensansad/lok-sabha-qa huggingface dataset:
Lok Sabha Question No. 1423 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-11-24
Subject: Development of Wind Power Projects
Ministry: NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
Asked by: K. GOPAL

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED  QUESTION NO. 1423

TO BE ANSWERED ON 24.11.2016

## DEVELOPMENT OF WIND POWER PROJECTS

## 1423. DR. K. GOPAL:

Will the Minister of NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY be pleased to state:

(a) the  country's  wind  energy  potential  and  its  expected  contribution  to  meet  country's energy needs by 2022;

(b) whether  the  Government's  draft  guidelines  for  the  development  of  on  shore  wind power  projects  lays  the  onus  of  securing  grid  connectivity  and  transportation  on  the developers, which experts say could dampen investors interest in the sector, if so, the details thereof;

- (c) whether  the  Government  has  sought  the  view  of  the  stakeholders  on  the  draft guidelines issued in this regard; and
- (d) if  so,  the  response  received  by  the  Government  from  various  stakeholders  in  this regard?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR POWER, COAL, NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY &  MINES (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) (SHRI PIYUSH GOYAL)

- (a): The wind power potential in the country at 100 meter above ground level is over 302 GW. It is targeted to reach 60 GW of wind power installed capacity in the country by 2022.

(b): The Guidelines do not intend to revise any provisions pertaining to grid connectivity and transportation under various rules and regulations.

(c) & (d): Yes  Madam.  The  draft  Guidelines  were  uploaded  on  Ministry  of  New  and Renewable  Energy  (MNRE)'s    website  seeking  comments  from  stakeholders.  Comments were received from  Industry  Associations, Autonomous Bodies, Academia, Manufacturers, Developers,  Government  Departments,  etc.  Final  Guidelines  were  issued  on  22  October 2016.

**********
Lok Sabha Question No. 1422 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-11-24
Subject: Marketing Assistance
Ministry: TEXTILES
Asked by: RITA TARAI

## MARKETING ASSISTANCE

## 1422.   SHRIMATI RITA TARAI:

Will the Minister of TEXTILES वस्त्र मंरी be pleased to state :

- (a) whether  the  Union  Government  has  sanctioned  and  released  the  claim submitted  by  the  Government  of  Odisha  for  the  Marketing  Assistance  for Handloom for the year 2013-14;
- (b) if so, the details thereof; and
- (c) if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER ( )

MINISTER OF TEXTILES (SMT. SMRITI ZUBIN IRANI)

- (a) &  (b) During  the  year  2013-14,  Union  Government  had  sanctioned  an amount of Rs.68.00 lakh and released Rs.21.96 lakh for organization of various events under marketing assistance for the handlooms.  Claims worth Rs.30.00 lakh are pending for want of some of the documents required as per the guidelines of the  scheme,  for  which  necessary  information  has been  called  for  from  the  State Government of Odisha. In addition to above, an amount of Rs.769.33 lakh has also been released under Marketing Incentive Claims for the year 2013-14.
- (c): Does not arise.
Lok Sabha Question No. 1421 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-11-24
Subject: Gramoday Se Bharat Uday
Ministry: PANCHAYATI RAJ
Asked by: RODMAL NAGAR

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF PANCHYATI RAJ LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1421 TO BE ANSWERED ON 24.11.2016

## GRAMODAY SE BHARAT UDAY

## † 1421. SHRI NAGAR RODMAL:

Will the Minister of PANCHAYATI RAJ be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Government  has  approved  the  proposals  pertaining  to  development  of villages at the gram panchayat level and allocated funds for the purpose under Gramoday Se Bharat Uday Programme;
- (b) if so, the details thereof, State/UT-wise; and
- (c) if not, the future course of action proposed to be taken by the Union Government in this regard?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PANCHYATI RAJ (SHRI PARSHOTTAM RUPALA)

(a) to  (c):  The  Central  Government  in  collaboration  with  the  State  Governments  and Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) launched the Gramoday Se Bharat Uday Abhiyan from 14 th April to 24 th April, 2016 under which various events and activities were organized to strengthen the  Panchayati  Raj,  increase  social  harmony  across  villages,  promote  rural  development  and foster  farmers'  welfare  and  livelihoods  of  the  poor.  This  Abhiyan  was  of  collaborative  nature with  the  States  and  PRIs,  no  separate  allocation  of  funds  was  made.  This  campaign  has succeeded especially in disseminating information about various schemes and programmes of the government  for  the  development  of  the  rural  areas,  encouraging  the  rural  masses  to  actively participate  in  the  development  process  of  Gram  Panchayat  and  also  to  address  the  socioeconomic issues.  No decision has been taken to organize such a programme in future.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 1420 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-11-24
Subject: Security Pacts with Other Countries
Ministry: SHIPPING
Asked by: SANTOSH AHLAWAT, SUMEDHANAND SARASWATI

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF SHIPPING

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1420

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 24 th   NOVEMBER, 2016 SECURITY PACTS WITH OTHER COUNTRIES

## 1420.  SHRIMATI SANTOSHAHLAWAT: SHRI SUMEDHANANDSARSWATI:

Will the Minister of SHIPPING be pleased to state:

## पोतप�रवहनमंत्

- (a) whether the Government proposesto enter into any security pacts like whiteshipping pacts with various countries forreciprocal exchange of information ofMerchant Vessels to bolster its MaritimeDomain Awareness (MDA) and tacklethreats emanating from the sea; and
- (b) if so, the details, objectives and thepresent status thereof, country-wise?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF SHIPPING (SHRI PON. RADHAKRISNAN)

- (a)&(b):  In  2014,  the  Government  had  approved  the  proposal  to  conclude  bilateraland multilateral  agreements  for  exchange  of  white  shipping  information  with  Navies, Coast Guards and agencies entrusted with maritime security of 26 countries and 3 multinational  groups.    These  agreements,  which  enable  exchange  of  unclassified information,  are  not  security  pacts  per  se,  but  would  help  augment  existing capabilities  to  develop Maritime  Domain Awareness (MDA), thus aiding maritime security.    So  far  agreements  have  been  operationalized  with  three  countries  and signed with three more.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 1419 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-11-24
Subject: Auctioning of Highways
Ministry: ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS
Asked by: RAJAN BABURAO  VICHARE, MEKAPATI RAJAMOHAN REDDY

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1419

ANSWERED ON 24 TH  NOVEMBER, 2016

## AUCTIONING OF HIGHWAYS

## 1419.   SHRI RAJAN VICHARE: SHRI M. RAJA MOHAN REDDY:

Will the Minister of ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

## सड़क परिवहन औि िाजमार्ग मंत्री

be pleased to state:

- (a)  whether  the  Government  has  any  proposal  to  auction  highway  stretches  constructed  with Government funds, if so, the details thereof;
- (b)  whether  this  step  will  enable  the  Government  to  recover  the  investment  to  take  up  the construction of new stretches and if so, the details thereof; and
- (c) whether there is also a proposal to consider the Government funded highway stretches which have been bid out in the past one-and-a-half year for this scheme, if so,the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

## (SHRI PON. RADHAKRISHNAN)

(a) to (c) The  Government  has  decided  to  monetize  public  funded  National  Highway projects  which  are  operational  and  are  collecting  toll  for  at  least  two  years  after  the commercial  operation  date  (COD)  on  a  case  to  case  basis.  The  proceeds  will  go  to  the Consolidated  Fund  of  India  and  shall  be  ring-fenced  for  utilization  by  National  Highways Authority of India (NHAI) via a mechanism similar to the toll plough back.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 1413 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-11-24
Subject: Cracks Developed on NH
Ministry: ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS
Asked by: GOPAL CHINAYYA SHETTY

- (a)  Yes Madam.
- (b)  No Madam.
- (c)  Question does not arise.

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1413 ANSWERED ON 24 TH  NOVEMBER, 2016

## CRACKS DEVELOPED ON NH

## 1413.  SHRI GOPAL SHETTY:

## Will the Minister of ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS सडक परिवहन औि िाजमार्ग मंत्री

be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has taken notice of the cracks developed in National Highways;
- (b) whether  the  Government  has  constituted  or  proposed  to  constitute  any  committee  for investigating the cracks developed in NHs, if so, the details thereof; and
- (c) the action taken or being taken by the Government on the recommendation of the report?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

(SHRI PON. RADHAKRISHNAN)

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 1412 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-11-24
Subject: Atal Akshay Urja Kendras/Shops
Ministry: NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
Asked by: CHINTAMANI MALVIYA, BHARATI DHIRUBHAI SHIYAL

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED  QUESTION NO. 1412

TO BE ANSWERED ON 24.11.2016

## ATAL AKSHAY URJA KENDRAS/SHOPS

## 1412. PROF. CHINTAMANI MALVIYA:

## DR. BHARATIBEN D. SHYAL:

Will the Minister of NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government is establishing  Atal Akshay Urja Kendras/shops in the country;
- (b) if so, the places where these kendras/shops have been established at present;
- (c) whether the Government is considering to establish more such kendras/shops at various places including Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh;
- (d) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR POWER, COAL, NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY & MINES (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) (SHRI PIYUSH GOYAL)

(a)&(b): N o, Madam, Government is not establishing any Atal Akshay Urja Kendras/shops in  the  country.    However,  Akshay  Urja  Shops  opened  by  Private  Vendors  (licensed  & recommended by State Government) are given financial assistance for  their  first  two  years  of functioning.

- (c): Does not arise.
- (d): Does not arise.

*************
Lok Sabha Question No. 1411 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-11-24
Subject: Fall in Cost of Renewable Energies
Ministry: NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
Asked by: S. RAJENDRAN

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED  QUESTION NO. 1411

TO BE ANSWERED ON 24.11.2016

## FALL IN COST OF RENEWABLE ENERGIES

## 1411.  SHRI S. RAJENDRAN :

Will the Minister of NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the cost of renewable energies have continued to fall during the last one year;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether the falling cost is likely to affect the growth of renewable energy sector in the country;

and

- (d) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR POWER, COAL, NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY &  MINES (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) (SHRI PIYUSH GOYAL)

(a)&(b): The cost of renewable energy technologies for power generation from Wind, Biomass and Small  Hydro  Power  has  remained  static  during  last  one  year.  However,  the  cost  of  solar  energy  has declined.

(c)&(d): Growth of renewable energy has increased. During 2015-16, the Solar and Wind both had highest ever annual installation of 3019 MW and 3423 MW respectively.

**********
Lok Sabha Question No. 1410 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-11-24
Subject: Supply of Coal by SCCL
Ministry: COAL
Asked by: Y. S. AVINASH REDDY

## GOVERNMENTOF INDIA MINISTRY OF COAL LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1410 TO BE ANSWERED ON 24.11.2016

## 'Supply of Coal by SCCL'

## 1410. SHRI Y. S. AVINASH REDDY:

Will the Minister of COAL be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Singareni  Collieries  Company  Limited  (SCCL)  of  Telangana  has stopped supply of coal to power plants in Andhra Pradesh;
- (b) if so, the details thereof and the reasons therefor;
- (c) whether  either  Andhra  Pradesh  Government  or  Telangana  Government  have approached the centre  for  resolving  the  matter  between  the  States,  if  so,  the  details thereof; and
- (d) the steps being taken by the Union Government to resolve the matter?

## A N S W E R

## MINISTER OF STATE (I/C) FOR COAL, POWER, NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY AND MINES

## (SHRI PIYUSH GOYAL)

(a)  to  (d): From  01.04.2016  to  04.10.2016,  Singareni  Collieries  Company  Limited (SCCL)  had  supplied  36.71  Lakh  Tonne  coal  to  Andhra  Pradesh  Power  Generation Corporation  (APGENCO)  and  the  outstanding  dues  had  accumulated  to  the  tune  of acound Rs.2224.68 crore (excluding interest) upto 31.10.2016. As APGENCO did not respond  to  the  request  of  SCCL  for  payment  of  these  dues,  SCCL  had  temporarily stopped the coal supplies to APGENCO from 05.10.2016 to 31.10.2016 and diverted the  coal  to  central  power  utilities.  The  Principal  Secretary  to  Government  of  Andhra Pradesh had written a letter to Ministry of Coal about the stoppage of coal supply from SCCL  to  APGENCO  and  requested  for  convening  a  meeting  to  sort  out  the  issue amicably. The issue was discussed and amicably settled in a meeting between officials of  APGENCO  and  SCCL.  The  coal  supplies  to  APGENCO  have  been  resumed  by SCCL from 01.11.2016 onwards.

******
Lok Sabha Question No. 1409 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-11-24
Subject: Traditional Handicrafts
Ministry: TEXTILES
Asked by: CHANDRAKANT BHAURAO KHAIRE, HARISHCHANDRA DEORAM CHAVAN

## TRADITIONAL HANDICRAFTS

## 1409.   SHRI CHANDRAKANT KHAIRE:

SHRI HARISHCHANDRA CHAVAN:

Will the Minister of TEXTILES वस्त्र मंरी

## be pleased to state :

- (a) whether the Union Government have made any efforts for the development of traditional handicrafts industry in Maharashtra;
- (b) if so, the work undertaken in this regard in the State during each of the last three years and the current year; and
- (c) if not, the reasons therefor and the steps proposed to be taken by the Union Government thereon?

## ANSWER

## ( )

MINISTER OF TEXTILES

(SMT. SMRITI ZUBIN IRANI)

(a): Office of the Development Commissioner [Handicrafts] implements various schemes for promotion  and  development  of  handicrafts  sector  on  all  India  basis  including  Maharashtra under  one  umbrella  scheme  namely  ' National  Handicrafts  Development  Programme [NHDP]' to emphasize integrated  approach  for  development  of  handicraft  cluster  in  a holistic manner.  The NHDP has following components:-

- I. A . Ambedkar Hastshilp Vikas Yojana (AHVY)
2. (i) Dastkar Shashktikaran Yojana.
3. (ii) Design & Technology Upgradation.
4. (iii) Human Resource Development Scheme (HRD)
5. (iv) Direct Benefit to Artisans.
6. (v) Infrastructure & Technology Support.
- B.    Mega Cluster
- II.    Marketing Support & services (MSS)
- III.   Research and Development (R&D)
10. (b) & (c): Project under taken of various schemes in respect of Maharashtra State detailed as under:-

|   Sl. NO | YEAR                        |   AHVY |   DESIGN UNDER [DTU] | R&D   | HRD   |   MSS |
|----------|-----------------------------|--------|----------------------|-------|-------|-------|
|        1 | 2013-2014                   |      4 |                    5 | -     | 7     |     7 |
|        2 | 2014-2015                   |      1 |                    7 | -     | 9     |     6 |
|        3 | 2015-2016                   |      2 |                    2 | 1     | -     |     6 |
|        4 | 2016-2017 (Upto Oct., 2016) |      1 |                    1 | -     | -     |     3 |

*******
Lok Sabha Question No. 1408 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-11-24
Subject: Women Reservations in Panchayats
Ministry: PANCHAYATI RAJ
Asked by: MAHEISH GIRRI

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PANCHAYATI RAJ

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1408

TO BE ANSWERED ON 24.11.2016

## WOMEN RESERVATIONS IN PANCHAYATS

## 1408.  SHRI MAHEISH GIRRI

Will the Minister of PANCHAYATI RAJ be pleased to state:

- a) whether  the  Government  has  conducted  any  study  or  analysis  to  evaluate  impact  of women's reservation policy in the Panchayati Raj Institutions, if so, the details thereof along with the key recommendations made thereon;
- b) whether the Government has received any complaints regarding harassment of women candidates in local elections, if so, the details thereof;
- c) whether  the  Government  has  taken  an  initiative  to  reward  women  who  have  made remarkable contribution as representatives of local governance bodies, if so, the details thereof; and
- d) whether there is a training program especially for women representatives after getting elected, to introduce them to the governance system, if so, the details thereof and if not, the reason therefor?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PANCHAYATI RAJ (SHRI PARSHOTTAM  RUPALA)

- (a) A study  on  'Elected  Women  Representatives  in  Panchayati  Raj  Institutions  (PRIs)' was  conducted  during  2007-08.  The  study  has  observed  that  the  reservations  have provided opportunities to women to come up in the mainstream, provides them with a platform to interact, participate and enhance their image and played a significant role in  getting  substantial  number  of  women  representatives  elected  from  the  reserved seats.  Reservation  has  facilitated  the  first  entry  into  politics  for  most  of  the  elected representatives.
- (b) :  As  'Panchayat'  is  a    State  subject,  complaints  regarding  harassment  of  women candidates in Panchayat elections are handled by the States. Ministry has not received any complaint of harassment of women candidates during local elections.
- (c) :Panchayat  Sashaktikaran  Puraskars  are  given  to  best  performing  Panchayats  across the States/UTs in recognition of the good work done by the Panchayats at each level for  improving delivery of services and public goods. These awards are given to the Panchayats including those where women  elected representatives have made remarkable contribution.
- (d) :  Under  the  scheme  Rashtriya  Gram  Swaraj  Abhiyan  [erstwhile    Rajiv  Gandhi Panchayat Sashaktikaran Abhiyan)], this Ministry has provided financial assistance to the States for the capacity building and training of elected representatives including elected  women  representatives  as  proposed  by  the  States  in  their  annual  proposals which includes basic orientation course and other trainings.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 1407 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-11-24
Subject: Incidents of Attacks on Vessels
Ministry: SHIPPING
Asked by: SRINIVAS KESINENI

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF SHIPPING

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1407

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 24 th  NOVEMBER, 2016 INCIDENTS OF ATTACKS ON VESSELS

## 1407. SHRI KESINENI NANI:

Will the Minister of SHIPPINGbe pleased to state:

## पोतप�रवहनमंत्

- (a) the number of Indian sailors capturedby pirates during the last three years andthe current year along with the number ofsailors released subsequently;
- (b) the details of shipping lines/routeswhich suffer maximum number of incidentsof attacks on shipping vessels; and
- (c) the steps taken/being taken by theGovernment to prevent recurrence of suchincidents in future?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF SHIPPING (SHRI PON. RADHAKRISNAN)

- (a) The number of Indian crewhijacked by pirates during the last three years and the current year along with the number of crew released are as under:-
- (b) The shipping routes which suffer incidents of attacks are Gulf of Aden (East Coast of Africa), Malacca Strait and West Coast of Africa.
- (c) Steps taken to prevent recurrence of such incidents in future are:-
- (i) Guidelines for anti-piracy measures issued through Merchant Shipping Notice No.1 of 2011 dated 14.1.2011to be implemented by Indian Ships.  The guidelines provide for elaborate anti-piracy measures (Best Management Practices), including safe house/citadel for vessels.
- (ii) Banning of sailing vessels to ply in waters south or west of the line adjoining Salalah and Male through Merchant Shipping Notice No. 3/2010 dated 31.3.2010.
- (iii)  Naval  escorts  provided  by  Indian  naval  ships  in  the  Gulf  of  Aden  since  2008  for Indian flag merchant ships.
- (iv)  Enhanced vigil by the Indian Navy in the Indian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and westward upto 65 degree east longitude.
- (v) Active participation of India in the security meetings of the   International   Maritime Organization, Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia (CGPCS) and other international fora.

| Year             | Indian crew Hijacked   | Indian crew Released   |
|------------------|------------------------|------------------------|
| 2013             | 46                     | 46                     |
| 2014             | 30                     | 29*                    |
| 2015             | Nil                    | Nil                    |
| 2016 (Till date) | Nil                    | Nil                    |

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 1405 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-11-24
Subject: Meeting on UDAY
Ministry: POWER
Asked by: SUKENDER REDDY GUTHA

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF POWER

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1405 TO BE ANSWERED ON 24.11.2016

## MEETING ON UDAY

1405.  SHRI GUTHA SUKENDER REDDY:

Will the Minister of POWER be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  a  meeting  of  Ujwal  Discom  Assurance  Yojana  (UDAY)  took  place recently to discuss over the opinions of the experts in implementing the scheme and if so, the details thereof;
- (b) the outcome of the meeting; and
- (c) the  details  of  the  funds  earmarked  and  released  so  far  to  the  Discoms  in Telangana to meet their loans?

## A N S W E R

THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR POWER, COAL, NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY AND MINES

( SHRI  PIYUSH GOYAL )

(a) & (b) : Ujwal DISCOM Assurance Yojana (UDAY) was evolved after extensive stakeholder  consultations  including  Banks/Financial  Institutions  (FIs)  and  various State  Governments  for  the  financial  and  operational  turnaround  of  state-owned Power Distribution Companies (DISCOMs).

- A  Monitoring  Committee  has  been  constituted  to  ensure  a  close monitoring of performance of the participating States under UDAY.  The last meeting of the Monitoring Committee was held on 03-11-2016.  The committee reviewed the operational  and  financial  parameters  of  participating  States,  including  issuance  of bonds,  bank  funding  for  operational  requirement,  tariff  related  issues  and  offset issues raised by States.
- (c) : The Government of Telangana has not signed a MoU under UDAY so far. Moreover,  there  are  no  funds  to  be  released  by  Government  of  India  under  the scheme.

**************