Lok Sabha Question No. 69 (STARRED), answered on 2017-02-07
Subject: Problems of Agriculturists
Ministry: AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
Asked by: KANWAR SINGH TANWAR

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, COOPERATION & FARMERS WELFARE

## LOK  SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 69

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 7 TH  FEBRUARY, 2017

## PROBLEMS OF AGRICULTURISTS

- *69.      SHRI KANWAR SINGH TANWAR:

Will  the  Minister  of  AGRICULTURE  AND  FARMERS  WELFARE कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण ½ãâ¨ããè be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Government  has  taken  measures  to  identify  the  major  problems  of agriculturists in the country;
- (b) if so, the details thereof and the steps taken to resolve these problems;
- (c) whether quality seeds are out of reach of majority of farmers, especially small and marginal farmers, mainly because of their exorbitant prices and if so, the details thereof;
- (d) the measures taken to provide good quality seeds to small and marginal farmers at fair prices; and
- (e) the average holding of farmers in the country, State/UT-wise along with the action taken to educate small farmers about the benefits of co-operative farming in the country?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE

कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण ½ãâ¨ããè (SHRI RADHA MOHAN SINGH) (a) to (e): A statement is laid on the Table of the House.

## STATEMENT  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PARTS  (a)  TO  (e)  OF  LOK  SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 69   DUE FOR REPLY ON 7 TH  FEBRUARY, 2017.

- (a) & (b): Yes, Madam.  To mitigate the distress of the farmers, the Government has in the  recent  past  shifted  its  approach  from  production  centeredness  to  farmers'  income centeredness.  In the Union Budget 2016-17, the Finance Minister put forth 'Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare: with focus on doubling farmers' income in six years' as one of the nine distinct pillars in the agenda to 'transform India'. In order to achieve the target of doubling the  income  of  farmers  by  March  2022 a  Committee  has  been  constituted  under  the Chairmanship of Additional Secretary, Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers' Welfare for the following aspects:
- i) To study the current income level of farmers/  agricultural labourers
- ii) To measure the historical growth rate of the current income level
- iii)  To  determine  the  needed  growth  rate  to  double  the  income  of      farmers/agricultural labourers by the year 2021-22
- iv)  To consider and recommend various strategies to be adopted to accomplish (iii) above
- v)    To  recommend  an  institutional  mechanism  to  review  and  monitor  implementation      to realise the goal
- vi) To examine any other related issue.

For  the  present,  strategy  of  the  Government  is  to  focus  on  farmers'  welfare  by making farming viable.  Farm viability is possible, when cost of cultivation is reduced, yields per unit of farm are increased and farmers get remunerative prices on their produce.  To this end, Department is implementing various schemes to meet this objective, viz.

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- (i) Soil Health Card (SHC) scheme by which the farmers can know the major and minor nutrients available in their soils which will ensure judicious use of fertiliser application and thus  save  money  of  farmers.  The  balanced  use  of  fertiliser  will  also  enhance productivity and ensure higher returns to the farmers.
- (ii) Neem  Coated  Urea  which  is  being  promoted  to  regulate  urea  use,  enhance  its availability to the crop and reduce cost of fertilizer application. The entire quantity of domestically manufactured urea and imported urea is now neem coated.
- (iii) Paramparagat  Krishi  Vikas  Yojana  (PKVY)  is  being  implemented  with  a  view  to promote  organic  farming  in  the  country.    This  will  improve  soil  health  and  organic matter  content  and  increase  net  income  of  the  farmer  so  as  to  realise  premium prices.
- (iv) The Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY) is being implemented to expand cultivated area with assured irrigation, reduce wastage of water and improve water use efficiency.
- (v) The National Agriculture Market scheme (e-NAM) envisages onboarding of at least 585  markets  on  a  common  e-platform  which  would  help  the  farmer  to  get  better prices for his produce.
- (vi) The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) is being implemented from Kharif 2016 season. This scheme addresses all shortcomings of in the earlier schemes and is available to the farmers at very low rates of premium. This scheme would provide insurance  cover  for  all  stages  of  the  crop  cycle  including  post-harvest  risks,  in specified instances.

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- (vii)    The  Government  provides  interest  subvention  of  3%  on  short-term  crop  loans up  to Rs.3.00  lakh.    Presently,  loan  is  available  to  farmers  at  an  interest  rate  of  7%  per annum,  which  gets  reduced  to  4%  on  prompt  repayment.  Further,  under  Interest Subvention Scheme 2015-16, in order to provide relief to the farmers on occurrence of natural  calamities,  the  interest  subvention  of  2%  shall  continue  to  be  available  to banks for the first year on the restructured amount. The benchmark for initiating relief measures by banks has also been reduced to 33% crop loss in line with the National Disaster Management Framework.

Agriculture is a State subject, the State Governments take appropriate measures for development of agriculture in the State.   However,  Government of  India supplements  the efforts  of  States  through  appropriate  policy  measures  and  budgetary  support.    Several schemes  as  stated  above  are  under  implementation.    In  addition,  the  Government  is implementing  several  Centrally  Sponsored  Schemes  viz.  National  Food  Security  Mission (NFSM);  Mission  for  Integrated  Development  of  Horticulture  (MIDH);  National  Mission  on Oilseeds  &  Oilpalm  (NMOOP);  National  Mission  for  Sustainable  Agriculture  (NMSA); National  Mission  on  Agricultural  Extension  &  Technology  (NMAET)  and  Rashtriya  Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY).

MSP is also notified for both Kharif & Rabi crops based on the recommendations of the  Commission  on  Agriculture  Costs  &  Prices  (CACP).  The  Commission  collects  & analyses data on cost of cultivation and recommends Minimum Support Price (MSP).

Further the Government undertakes procurement of wheat and paddy under its 'MSP operations'.  In  addition,  Government  implements  Market  Intervention  Scheme  (MIS)  for procurement of    agricultural and horticultural  commodities not covered under the Minimum

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Price Support Scheme on the request of State/UT Government. The MIS is implemented in order to protect the growers of these commodities from making distress sale in the event of bumper crop when the prices tend to fall below the economic level/cost of production

(c) & (d): No,  Madam.    The  availability  of  certified/quality  seeds  in  the  country  for  the year 2016-17 is 380.29 lakh qtl. against the demand of 353.48 lakh qtls. as reported by the States. The Government of India is assisting the State Governments and seed producing agencies  for  seed  related  activities  through  various  ongoing  schemes/programmes  of  the Department including National Food Security Mission (NFSM), Bringing Green Revolution in Eastern India (BGREI), National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil Palm (NMOOP), Mission on Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH), Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY), SubMission  on  Seeds  &  Planting  Material  (SMSP)  under  National  Mission  on  Agricultural Extension & Technology (NMAET) etc. The details of financial assistance available/provided to  farmers  including  small  and  marginal  farmers  for  production  and  distribution  of  seeds under various existing crop development programmes/schemes implemented by the States is at Annexure-I.

(e): State/UT-wise average holding of farmers in the country is available at Annexure-II. A multi-tiered extension strategy with a blend of various extension and outreach initiatives is being followed under the Sub-Mission on Agricultural Extension (SMAE), which is  one of the  four  Sub-Missions  under  National  Mission  of  Agricultural  Extension  and  Technology (NMAET) so as to empower farmers with the latest knowledge and information in agriculture and     allied     sectors.    These are  Support  to State Extension Programmes for Extension

Reforms  (ATMA),  Mass  Media  Support  to  Agricultural  Extension,  Agri-Clinic  and  AgriBusiness Centres, Kisan Call Centres, Information dissemination through Agri Fairs, Kisan SMS Portal, Capacity building components under 'Extension Support to Central Institutes/ DOE',  Training  Courses(MTCs),  Skill  Training  of  Rural  Youth  (STRY),  Farmers  Capacity Assessment & Certification(FCAC) and in Agricultural Extension Services for Input Dealers (DAESI).

## Statement referred to in reply to Part (c) & (d) of Lok Sabha Starred Question N0. 69 regarding Problems of Agriculturists reply on 07.02.2017

## Details of Assistance/Subsidy for seed production and distribution provided under various existing Schemes/Programmes implemented by States

seedlings

| Sl.   | No.Scheme/Componen                                 | Crop                                                         | Scale of Assistance                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
|-------|----------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1.    | t National Food Security Mission(NFSM)             | Rice                                                         | a) Rs.5000/- per quintal or 50% of seeds cost whichever is less for certified hybrid rice seed distribution. b) Rs.10/- per kg. or 50% of the cost, whichever is less for certified high yielding varieties certified seed distribution for less than 10 years old varieties.                                                                                   |
| 1.    | t National Food Security Mission(NFSM)             | Wheat                                                        | Rs.10/- per kg. or 50% of the cost whichever is less for certified high yielding varieties seed distribution for less than 10 years old varieties.                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| 1.    | t National Food Security Mission(NFSM)             | Pulses                                                       | Rs.2500/- per quintal or 50% of cost whichever is less for certified seeds distribution for less than 10 years old varieties.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| 1.    | t National Food Security Mission(NFSM)             | Coarse cereals- HYVs seed                                    | HYVs Rs.1500/- per quintal or 50% of cost whichever is less for HYVs certified seeds distribution for less than 10 years old varieties.                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| 1.    | t National Food Security Mission(NFSM)             | Hybrid seed                                                  | Rs. 5000/- per quintal or 50% of cost of seeds whichever is less for Hybrid coarse cereal certified seeds distribution for less than 10 years old varieties.                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| 1.    | t National Food Security Mission(NFSM)             | Commercial Crops-Jute based cropping system                  | Seed production a) Production of breeder seed @Rs.20000/qtl. b) Production of certified Seeds 50% of the cost limited to Rs.120/- per kg for foundation seed production. c) Rs.50/- per kg for certified seed production. d) Rs.5500/qtl. for certified seed produced by State                                                                                  |
| 1.    | t National Food Security Mission(NFSM)             | Seed Village Programme and Production of seed in Govt. Farms | Department of Agriculture, State Agricultural Universities, KVKs, SSCs, NSC and SSCA. Assistance for breeder seed production @Rs.40000/ha.(Rs.34000 for inputs and Rs.6000 for contingency) to SAUs, ICAR and Sugarcane Research 'Institute (SRI) of tissue culture raised plantlets/ seedlings                                                                 |
| 1.    | t National Food Security Mission(NFSM)             | Commercial Crop - Sugarcane                                  | Production @Rs.3.5 per seedling.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| 2     | Bringing Green Revolution in Eastern India (BGREI) | Rice and Wheat                                               | Distribution of seeds a) Rs.5000/- per quintal or 50% of seeds cost whichever is less for certified hybrid rice seed distribution. b) Rs.10/- per kg. or 50% of the cost, whichever is less for certified high yielding varieties certified seed distribution for less than 10 years old varieties.                                                             |
|       |                                                    | Rice and Wheat                                               | Production of seeds The assistance for production of seeds @ Rs. 1,000 per qtl. for HYVs of paddy and wheat and Rs. 5,000 per qtl.for paddy hybrid for less than 10 years old varieties from the year 2015-16. Out of this, 75% amount of subsidy is meant for farmers and 25% to seed producing agencies for meeting expenditure including certification cost. |

|   3. | National Mission on Oil Seeds and Oil Palm (NMOOP)                                                                 | All oilseeds, Hybrid seeds Oil Palm Sprouts Cultivation cost as assistance for gestation period for oil palm.   | a) Full cost for purchase of Breeder Seed of oilseeds from ICAR/SAUs etc. b) 50% of the cost with a ceiling of Rs. 25 per Kg. of certified seeds except sesame which are not older than 10 years for distribution and Rs. 5000/- per quintal for hybrids and variety of sesame not older than 15 years. c) Full cost of Seed Minikits of high yielding varieties/hybrids which are less than 10 years. (Implementing agency NSC /NAFED/KRIBHCO etc). d) 85% of cost of planting material with a ceiling of Rs. 8000/ha. for entire land holding of farmers for oil palm. e) 50% cost during gestation period for 4 years with ceiling of Rs. 16000/ per ha. for oil palm.                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
|------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|    3 | National Mission on Oil Seeds and Oil Palm (NMOOP)                                                                 | Assistance for production of Foundation Seeds                                                                   | Rs. 1000 per quintal for all verities / hybrids released during last 10 years and additional assistance of Rs. 100/quintal on the varieties /Hybrids released in last 5 years. 75% of subsidy amount is meant for farmers and 25% for seed producing agencies for meeting expenditure towards certification and production etc. (SDAs/NSC/ NAFED/ KRIBHCO/ IFFCO/HIL/IFFDC/Central Multi State Cooperatives such as NCCF)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
|    3 | National Mission on Oil Seeds and Oil Palm (NMOOP)                                                                 | Assistance for production of Certified Seeds                                                                    | Rs. 1000 per quintal for all varieties / hybrids released during last 10 years and additional assistance of Rs.100/- quintal on the varieties. Hybrids released in last 5 years, 75% of subsidy amount is meant for farmers and 25% for seed producing agencies for meeting expenditure towards certification and production etc. (SDAs/NSC/NAFED /KRIBHCO /IFFCO/HIL/IFFDC/Central Multi State Cooperatives such as NCCF)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
|    4 | Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojna (RKVY)                                                                                | All Crops                                                                                                       | All activities including Seed Infrastructure                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
|    5 | National Mission on Agricultural Extension and Technology (NMAET)-Sub- Mission on Seeds & Planting Material (SMSP) | Seed Village Programme - All Agricultural Crops (60% GOI and 40% State Share)                                   | a. Distribution of Seeds To upgrade the quality of farmer saved seed financial assistance for distribution of foundation / certified seeds @ 50% cost of the seeds for Cereals crops and 60% for oilseeds, pulses, green manure and fodder crops is provided for 1 acre of area per farmer for production of quality seeds. b. Farmers Training- Assistance to train the farmers on seed production and seed technology @Rs.15000/- for a group of 50-150 farmers. c. Seed treating/dressing drums - Financial assistance for treating seeds @ Rs.3500 per seed treating drum of 20Kg capacity and Rs. 5000 per drum of 40Kg capacity. d. Storage bins To encourage farmers to develop storage capacity of appropriate quality, financial assistance is provided to farmers for purchasing Seed Storage bins. The rate of assistance is as under. @33% for SC/ST farmers for 10 qtls. capacity Rs.1500 |

|    |                                                                                                     |                                                        | @33% for SC/ST farmers for 20 qtls. capacity Rs.3000 @25% for General farmers for 10 qtls. capacity Rs.1000 @25% for General farmers for 20 qtls. capacity Rs.2000                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
|----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|  6 | Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH) Seed production for vegetables and Spices | Open pollinated crops Hybrid seeds Seed infrastructure | processing machinery and supporting equipments etc. @Rs. 35,000/ha - For public sector 100%, for private sector 35% in general areas and 50% in NE & Himalayan States, Tribal Sub Plans (TSP) areas, Andaman & Nicobar & Lakshadweep Islands, limited to 5 ha. Output target of seed for each crop will be fixed by the individual state. @Rs. 1.50 lakh/ha- For public sector 100%. For private sector 35% in general areas and 50% in NE & Himalayan States, TSP areas, Andaman & Nicobar & Lakshadweep Islands, limited to 5 ha. Output target of seed for each crop will be fixed by the individual state for each beneficiary, before releasing funds. Import of planting material Rs. 100.00 lakh -100% of cost for State Govt. / PSUs, as project based activity. Seed infrastructure (for handling, processing, packing, storage etc. of seeds meant for use as seed material for cultivation of horticulture crops) @Rs. 200.00 lakh- 100% of cost to public sector For private sector, credit linked back end subsidy @50% of cost of project. |

Annexure-II

Table 23:  State-wise Distribution of Average size per holding- All Social Groups

| Sl. No.   |                   |        | Average size per holding (in ha.)   | Average size per holding (in ha.)   | Average size per holding (in ha.)   | Average size per holding (in ha.)   | Average size per holding (in ha.)   | Average size per holding (in ha.)   |
|-----------|-------------------|--------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
| Sl. No.   | States/UTs.       | Gender | Marginal                            | Small                               | Semi- medium                        | Medium                              | Large                               | All Size Groups                     |
| 1         | 2                 | 3      | 4                                   | 5                                   | 6                                   | 7                                   | 8                                   | 9                                   |
| 1         | A & N Islands     | M      | 0.45                                | 1.43                                | 2.62                                | 4.35                                | 15.61                               | 1.76                                |
| 1         | A & N Islands     | F      | 0.41                                | 1.44                                | 2.65                                | 4.27                                | -                                   | 1.77                                |
| 1         | A & N Islands     | T      | 0.44                                | 1.43                                | 2.63                                | 4.34                                | 36.88                               | 1.85                                |
| 2         | Andhra Pradesh    | M      | 0.44                                | 1.42                                | 2.65                                | 5.57                                | 14.89                               | 1.13                                |
| 2         | Andhra Pradesh    | F      | 0.44                                | 1.40                                | 2.58                                | 5.49                                | 14.64                               | 0.94                                |
| 2         | Andhra Pradesh    | T      | 0.44                                | 1.41                                | 2.63                                | 5.56                                | 15.50                               | 1.08                                |
| 3         | Arunachal Pradesh | M      | 0.58                                | 1.35                                | 2.76                                | 5.55                                | 14.82                               | 3.67                                |
| 3         | Arunachal Pradesh | F      | 0.52                                | 1.31                                | 2.74                                | 5.52                                | 14.14                               | 2.72                                |
| 3         | Arunachal Pradesh | T      | 0.55                                | 1.34                                | 2.76                                | 5.54                                | 14.90                               | 3.51                                |
| 4         | Assam             | M      | 0.42                                | 1.38                                | 2.69                                | 5.14                                | 16.78                               | 1.00                                |
| 4         | Assam             | F      | 0.48                                | 1.43                                | 2.72                                | 5.19                                | 16.33                               | 1.23                                |
| 4         | Assam             | T      | 0.42                                | 1.38                                | 2.69                                | 5.15                                | 68.11                               | 1.10                                |
| 5         | Bihar             | M      | 0.25                                | 1.25                                | 2.59                                | 5.08                                | 13.71                               | 0.40                                |
| 5         | Bihar             | F      | 0.25                                | 1.26                                | 2.59                                | 5.13                                | 12.31                               | 0.37                                |
| 5         | Bihar             | T      | 0.25                                | 1.25                                | 2.59                                | 5.09                                | 14.45                               | 0.39                                |
| 6         | Chandigarh        | M      | 0.47                                | 1.43                                | 2.83                                | 5.74                                | 11.08                               | 1.33                                |
| 6         | Chandigarh        | F      | 0.41                                | 1.41                                | 3.30                                | 4.80                                | -                                   | 0.92                                |
| 6         | Chandigarh        | T      | 0.46                                | 1.43                                | 2.86                                | 5.70                                | 11.08                               | 1.29                                |
| 7         | Chhattisgarh      | M      | 0.44                                | 1.42                                | 2.68                                | 5.72                                | 16.23                               | 1.40                                |
| 7         | Chhattisgarh      | F      | 0.41                                | 1.42                                | 2.66                                | 5.66                                | 16.02                               | 1.06                                |
| 7         | Chhattisgarh      | T      | 0.44                                | 1.42                                | 2.68                                | 5.71                                | 16.30                               | 1.36                                |
| 8         | D & N Haveli      | M      | 0.51                                | 1.38                                | 2.77                                | 5.79                                | 15.10                               | 1.36                                |
| 8         | D & N Haveli      | F      | 0.49                                | 1.33                                | 2.76                                | 5.56                                | 16.23                               | 1.44                                |
| 8         | D & N Haveli      | T      | 0.51                                | 1.37                                | 2.77                                | 5.74                                | 15.46                               | 1.38                                |
| 9         | Daman & Diu       | M      | 0.23                                | 1.36                                | 2.54                                | 5.91                                | 24.47                               | 0.37                                |
| 9         | Daman & Diu       | F      | 0.23                                | 1.34                                | 2.62                                | 6.22                                | 10.71                               | 0.37                                |
| 9         | Daman & Diu       | T      | 0.23                                | 1.36                                | 2.56                                | 6.27                                | 19.97                               | 0.38                                |
| 10        | Delhi             | M      | 0.43                                | 1.35                                | 2.69                                | 5.56                                | 15.19                               | 1.54                                |
| 10        | Delhi             | F      | 0.39                                | 1.24                                | 2.64                                | 5.32                                | -                                   | 0.81                                |
| 10        | Delhi             | T      | 0.42                                | 1.32                                | 2.69                                | 5.56                                | 15.13                               | 1.45                                |
| 11        | Goa               | M      | 0.48                                | 1.78                                | 2.94                                | 6.12                                | 22.37                               | 1.20                                |
| 11        | Goa               | F      | 0.44                                | 1.83                                | 2.91                                | 6.36                                | 19.46                               | 0.85                                |
| 11        | Goa               | T      | 0.47                                | 1.79                                | 2.94                                | 6.16                                | 24.15                               | 1.14                                |
| 12        | Gujarat           | M      | 0.49                                | 1.45                                | 2.77                                | 5.71                                | 20.22                               | 2.03                                |
| 12        | Gujarat           | F      | 0.48                                | 1.45                                | 2.75                                | 5.73                                | 18.15                               | 1.89                                |
| 12        | Gujarat           | T      | 0.49                                | 1.45                                | 2.77                                | 5.72                                | 20.91                               | 2.03                                |
| 13        | Haryana           | M      | 0.46                                | 1.47                                | 2.87                                | 6.09                                | 16.57                               | 2.19                                |
| 13        | Haryana           | F      | 0.45                                | 1.45                                | 2.84                                | 6.04                                | 15.99                               | 2.08                                |
| 13        | Haryana           | T      | 0.46                                | 1.47                                | 2.87                                | 6.09                                | 17.95                               | 2.25                                |
| 14        | Himachal Pradesh  | M      | 0.41                                | 1.40                                | 2.72                                | 5.67                                | 14.49                               | 1.01                                |
| 14        | Himachal Pradesh  | F      | 0.33                                | 1.39                                | 2.69                                | 5.59                                | 14.63                               | 0.66                                |
| 14        | Himachal Pradesh  | T      | 0.41                                | 1.40                                | 2.72                                | 5.67                                | 15.45                               | 0.99                                |

|   15 |                | M   |   0.35 |   1.41 |   2.68 |   5.41 | 13.72   |   0.63 |
|------|----------------|-----|--------|--------|--------|--------|---------|--------|
|   15 |                | F   |   0.32 |   1.35 |   2.64 |   5.39 | 12.12   |   0.45 |
|   15 |                | T   |   0.35 |   1.4  |   2.68 |   5.43 | 22.34   |   0.62 |
|   16 | Jharkhand      | M   |   0.41 |   1.38 |   2.75 |   5.64 | 15.20   |   1.2  |
|   16 | Jharkhand      | F   |   0.42 |   1.37 |   2.67 |   5.44 | 14.90   |   0.87 |
|   16 | Jharkhand      | T   |   0.41 |   1.38 |   2.74 |   5.63 | 15.35   |   1.17 |
|   17 | Karnataka      | M   |   0.49 |   1.41 |   2.68 |   5.69 | 14.12   |   1.61 |
|   17 | Karnataka      | F   |   0.43 |   1.41 |   2.66 |   5.65 | 14.59   |   1.28 |
|   17 | Karnataka      | T   |   0.48 |   1.41 |   2.68 |   5.69 | 14.71   |   1.55 |
|   18 | Kerala         | M   |   0.14 |   1.57 |   2.8  |   5.28 | 25.12   |   0.22 |
|   18 | Kerala         | F   |   0.12 |   1.56 |   2.77 |   5.39 | 17.90   |   0.16 |
|   18 | Kerala         | T   |   0.13 |   1.57 |   2.79 |   5.32 | 64.58   |   0.22 |
|   19 | Lakshadweep    | M   |   0.18 |   1.37 |   2.51 |   6.15 | 10.00   |   0.27 |
|   19 | Lakshadweep    | F   |   0.18 |   1.3  |   2.28 |   6.84 | -       |   0.22 |
|   19 | Lakshadweep    | T   |   0.17 |   1.36 |   2.5  |   6.11 | 24.00   |   0.27 |
|   20 | Madhya Pradesh | M   |   0.49 |   1.42 |   2.73 |   5.77 | 15.72   |   1.82 |
|   20 | Madhya Pradesh | F   |   0.48 |   1.41 |   2.68 |   5.64 | 14.15   |   1.41 |
|   20 | Madhya Pradesh | T   |   0.49 |   1.42 |   2.73 |   5.76 | 15.77   |   1.78 |
|   21 | Maharashtra    | M   |   0.47 |   1.42 |   2.68 |   5.62 | 15.62   |   1.47 |
|   21 | Maharashtra    | F   |   0.48 |   1.4  |   2.61 |   5.55 | 15.05   |   1.26 |
|   21 | Maharashtra    | T   |   0.47 |   1.42 |   2.67 |   5.62 | 15.96   |   1.44 |
|   22 | Manipur        | M   |   0.53 |   1.29 |   2.5  |   4.85 | 11.00   |   1.15 |
|   22 | Manipur        | F   |   0.44 |   1.02 |   2.17 |   4.38 | -       |   0.87 |
|   22 | Manipur        | T   |   0.52 |   1.28 |   2.48 |   4.86 | 11.00   |   1.14 |
|   23 | Meghalaya      | M   |   0.48 |   1.33 |   2.79 |   5.66 | 13.71   |   1.38 |
|   23 | Meghalaya      | F   |   0.4  |   1.32 |   2.8  |   5.69 | 22.98   |   1.35 |
|   23 | Meghalaya      | T   |   0.45 |   1.33 |   2.79 |   5.67 | 16.48   |   1.37 |
|   24 | Mizoram        | M   |   0.61 |   1.27 |   2.41 |   5.11 | 15.09   |   1.16 |
|   24 | Mizoram        | F   |   0.55 |   1.26 |   2.54 |   5.35 | 13.00   |   1.01 |
|   24 | Mizoram        | T   |   0.6  |   1.27 |   2.42 |   5.13 | 15.09   |   1.14 |
|   25 | Nagaland       | M   |   0.51 |   1.14 |   2.57 |   6.21 | 17.45   |   6.13 |
|   25 | Nagaland       | F   |   0.53 |   1.11 |   2.64 |   5.72 | 18.98   |   5.16 |
|   25 | Nagaland       | T   |   0.51 |   1.13 |   2.58 |   6.17 | 17.57   |   6.02 |
|   26 | Odisha         | M   |   0.57 |   1.63 |   2.95 |   5.99 | 17.89   |   1.03 |
|   26 | Odisha         | F   |   0.53 |   1.62 |   2.92 |   6.02 | 17.05   |   0.96 |
|   26 | Odisha         | T   |   0.57 |   1.63 |   2.95 |   5.99 | 23.72   |   1.04 |
|   27 | Puducherry     | M   |   0.38 |   1.47 |   2.89 |   5.67 | 13.57   |   0.69 |
|   27 | Puducherry     | F   |   0.23 |   1.42 |   2.61 |   5.39 | 18.67   |   0.39 |
|   27 | Puducherry     | T   |   0.35 |   1.46 |   2.86 |   5.72 | 16.90   |   0.66 |
|   28 | Punjab         | M   |   0.62 |   1.38 |   2.64 |   5.74 | 14.69   |   3.77 |
|   28 | Punjab         | F   |   0.57 |   1.37 |   2.53 |   5.76 | 14.05   |   2.73 |
|   28 | Punjab         | T   |   0.61 |   1.38 |   2.64 |   5.74 | 14.75   |   3.77 |
|   29 | Rajasthan      | M   |   0.49 |   1.43 |   2.83 |   6.14 | 17.38   |   3.11 |
|   29 | Rajasthan      | F   |   0.48 |   1.42 |   2.8  |   6.08 | 16.35   |   2.44 |
|   29 | Rajasthan      | T   |   0.49 |   1.43 |   2.83 |   6.14 | 17.45   |   3.07 |

|   30 | Sikkim        | M   |   0.36 |   1.20 |   2.49 |   5.41 | 14.30   |   1.40 |
|------|---------------|-----|--------|--------|--------|--------|---------|--------|
|   30 |               | F   |   0.35 |   1.22 |   2.62 |   5.04 | 18.86   |   1.31 |
|   30 |               | T   |   0.37 |   1.2  |   2.49 |   5.44 | 15.77   |   1.42 |
|   31 | Tamil Nadu    | M   |   0.37 |   1.39 |   2.7  |   5.63 | 15.47   |   0.81 |
|   31 |               | F   |   0.36 |   1.38 |   2.68 |   5.59 | 15.52   |   0.68 |
|   31 |               | T   |   0.37 |   1.39 |   2.7  |   5.63 | 20.13   |   0.8  |
|   32 | Tripura       | M   |   0.28 |   1.38 |   2.52 |   5.08 | 13.61   |   0.5  |
|   32 | Tripura       | F   |   0.26 |   1.36 |   2.5  |   4.75 | 11.00   |   0.42 |
|   32 |               | T   |   0.28 |   1.38 |   2.52 |   5.07 | 14.29   |   0.49 |
|   33 | Uttar Pradesh | M   |   0.39 |   1.4  |   2.72 |   5.52 | 14.44   |   0.77 |
|   33 | Uttar Pradesh | F   |   0.35 |   1.37 |   2.69 |   5.37 | 14.17   |   0.58 |
|   33 | Uttar Pradesh | T   |   0.39 |   1.4  |   2.72 |   5.52 | 15.01   |   0.76 |
|   34 | Uttarakhand   | M   |   0.44 |   1.43 |   2.71 |   5.45 | 14.87   |   0.9  |
|   34 | Uttarakhand   | F   |   0.45 |   1.45 |   2.68 |   5.22 | 18.60   |   0.76 |
|   34 | Uttarakhand   | T   |   0.44 |   1.43 |   2.71 |   5.45 | 23.11   |   0.89 |
|   35 | West Bengal   | M   |   0.5  |   1.59 |   2.73 |   4.81 | 11.25   |   0.75 |
|   35 | West Bengal   | F   |   0.35 |   1.38 |   2.57 |   4.62 | -       |   0.44 |
|   35 | West Bengal   | T   |   0.49 |   1.59 |   2.73 |   4.85 | 316.20  |   0.77 |
|   36 | All India     | M   |   0.39 |   1.43 |   2.72 |   5.76 | 16.48   |   1.18 |
|   36 | All India     | F   |   0.36 |   1.4  |   2.66 |   5.68 | 15.83   |   0.93 |
|   36 | All India     | T   |   0.39 |   1.42 |   2.71 |   5.76 | 17.38   |   1.15 |

Abbreviation: M   Male F    Female T    Total (includes institutional holdings also) ******