opensansad/lok-sabha-qa huggingface dataset:
Lok Sabha Question No. 1745 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-03-06
Subject: Sub-Categorisation of SCs
Ministry: SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT
Asked by: NANDI YELLAIAH

## GOVERNMENT (F INDIA MINISTRY OF SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1745 TO BE ANSWERED ON 06.03.2018

## SUB-CATEGORISATION OF SC:

## Will the Minister of SOCIAL JUSTICE AND FMPOWERMENT bc pleased to state;

- (a) whcther fhe Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly during April 2000 had categorized 59 respeclively and all were henefitted egually at National Level but Supreme Court had struck it down gtating that it needed Constitutional Amendmcnt;
- (b) if s0, whether any steps has been taken for amending Article 341 of the Constitution;
- thc stafug of sub-catcgorization of Scheduled Castes in each State of the country?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STAE FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT (SHRI VIJAY SAMPLA)

- (a) to (d) The Andhra Pradesh Legislative Asgembly enacted the Andhra Pradesh Scheduled Castes (Rationalisation of Reservution) Act, 2000 categorising 59 Scheduled Castes ( SCs) of the to them 1%,7%, 6% and 1% respectively: The Supreme Court in the case of E.V Chinnaiah Vs Andhra

National Commission to examine the issue of Sub- categorisation of Scheduled Castcs iu Andla Pradesh (NCSCSC) had been set up il the year 2006-07. The NCSCSC in its report submitted o 01,05,2008 had recommended amendment of Article 341 of the Constitution to provide for gub-categorigatian and de-sub-categorisation of SCs No decision has been taken in the matter a8 the Government has decided to elicit views of the major stake holders viz the State vjew of judgment of Apex Court in aforesaid case; States cannot sub-categories the Scheduled Castes,
Lok Sabha Question No. 1741 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-03-06
Subject: Coordination among various Departments
Ministry: AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
Asked by: N.K. PREMACHANDRAN

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, COOPERATION AND FARMERS WELFARE

## LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1741

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 6 TH  March, 2018

## COORDINATION AMONG VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS

## 1741.     SHRI N.K. PREMACHANDRAN:

Will the Minister of AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण मंी be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government proposes to introduce a scheme for comprehensive development of Agriculture sector by coordinating various departments;
- (b) if so, the details of the action taken by the Government thereto;
- (c) whether  it  has  come  to  the  notice  of  the  Government  that  agriculture  production  in various regions are not increasing due to the lack of coordination of various departments;
- (d) if so, the details of the action taken by the Government for ensuring the coordination of various departments;
- (e) whether it has come to the notice of the Government that the delay in processing of files from various departments has been adversely affecting the implementation of various schemes; and
- (f) if so, the action taken by the Government to avoid such administrative delays in future?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE

कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण मंालय म राय मंी (SHRI  PARSHOTTAM  RUPALA)

- (a) & (b): No, Madam.
- (c) & (d): Agriculture is a State subject and the State Governments are primarily responsible for  the  growth  and  development  of  agriculture  sector  in  their  respective  States.    The  role  of Central Government is to supplement the efforts of States through appropriate policy measures and  budgetary  support.      However,  efforts  are  made  to  converge  with  schemes  of  other Departments such as Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural  Employment  Guarantee  Act  (MNREGA),  Pradhan  Mantri  Krishi  Sinchayee  Yojana (PMKSY) etc., wherever feasible.
- (e) & (f): No such information is available.

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Lok Sabha Question No. 1739 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-03-06
Subject: Import of Pharma Ingredients
Ministry: CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS
Asked by: SANTOSH KUMAR, (SMT.) RATNA DE(NAG), HARI OM PANDEY, MANOJ KUMAR TIWARI

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICALS

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 1739

## TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 6 th  March, 2018

## Import of Pharma Ingredients

1739. SHRI SANTOSH KUMAR:

DR. RATNA DE (NAG):

SHRI HARI OM PANDAY:

SHRI MANOJ TIWARI:

Will the Minister of CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS be pleased to state:

- (a)  whether  the  Government  has  any  proposal  to  ban  the  import  of  foreign  pharma ingredients in the near future;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) if not, the reasons therefor; and
- (d) the details of the legal, financial and administrative implications, if any?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS;  MINISTRY  OF  SHIPPING  AND  MINISTRY  OF  CHEMICALS  AND FERTILIZERS (SHRI MANSUKH L. MANDAVIYA)

- (a):  No  Madam. However, Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) has inspected seven manufacturing sites of bulk drug in China during 30th October, 2017 to 11th December, 2017. On the basis of observations of inspecting team, show  cause  notices  were  issued  to  all  the  sites  and  subsequently  'stop  import' orders were issued to six out of seven sites and authorized agents and importers were asked to stop import till a satisfactory response is submitted to show cause notices  issued.  With  respect  to  the  seventh  site,  the  port  offices  are  directed  to monitor  the  import  of  products  and  draw  the  samples  from  every  batch  of  the imported consignment to ensure quality of the product.
- (b) to (d) : In view of reply to (a) above, does not arise.

xxxxx
Lok Sabha Question No. 1738 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-03-06
Subject: Prisoners in Jails
Ministry: HOME AFFAIRS
Asked by: SHARAD TRIPATHI

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1738

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 06 TH  MARCH, 2018/ PHALGUNA 15, 1939 (SAKA) PRISONERS IN JAILS

1738. SHRI SHARAD TRIPATHI:

Will the Minister of HOME AFFAIRS be pleased to state:

(a)  whether  the  Government  is  taking  any  steps  for  quick  disposal  of  the cases of prisoners lodged in jails without conviction; and

(b) if so, the details thereof?

ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS (SHRI HANSRAJ GANGARAM AHIR)

(a) & (b) Disposal of cases of undertrial prison inmates vests) primarily with the State Government & judiciary.  'Prisons' is a State subject under Entry 4 of List II of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India. Administration and management of prisons is the responsibility of State Governments.

The  Ministry  of  Home  Affairs  has  been  providing  regular  guidance  to  the States and UTs on various issues related to prison reforms.  MHA had issued an advisory to all States and UTs which provides for steps to be taken by the States/UTs  for  providing  free  legal  aid  to  undertrials  and  setting  up  Lok Adalats/  Special  courts  in  prisons  for  expediting  the  review  of  cases  of undertrials.    Besides  the  advisories  issued  from  time  to  time,  Model  Prison Manual 2016 was also forwarded by the Ministry of Home Affairs to all States and  Union  Territories  in  May   2016.  The  Prison  Manual   has  a  dedicated

## LS.US.Q.No.1738 FOR 06.03.2018

chapter on 'Undertrial Prisoners', which provides guidance on the facilities to be provided to undertrials viz. legal defence, interview with lawyers, signing of Vakalatnama, application to Courts for legal aid at Government cost etc.

The National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) has been providing free and competent legal services to all under trial prisoners and convicts through its 1070 legal service clinics  running in jails  all  over  India.    Empanelled  Legal Services  Advocates  and  trained  Para-Legal  Volunteers  man  these  clinics. 9563 Remand Advocates are also providing legal services to arrested persons in criminal courts.

NALSA has issued instructions to all State Legal Services Authorities to set up  an  Under  Trial  Review  Committees  in  each  of  the  Districts  in  their jurisdiction, which meets once in a quarter to review the cases of all under trials  who  have  completed  half  of  the  maximum  sentence  provided  for  the offences they are charged with.  The District Legal Services Authorities have been advised to take prompt action to ensure that bail orders in respect of undertrial prisoners are passed u/s 436 A Cr. PC without delay.  NALSA is also promoting  plea  bargaining  for  quick  disposal  of  cases  falling  within  the parameters spelt out in the provisions of plea bargaining given in the Code of Criminal Procedure.

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Lok Sabha Question No. 1735 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-03-06
Subject: Market Assurance Scheme
Ministry: AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
Asked by: JYOTIRADITYA MADHAVRAO SCINDIA, SUSHMITA DEV

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, COOPERATION AND FARMERS WELFARE

## LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1735

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 6 TH  March, 2018

## MARKET ASSURANCE SCHEME

1735.     SHRI JYOTIRADITYA M. SCINDIA: KUMARI SUSHMITA DEV:

Will the Minister of AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण मंी be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Government  has  proposed  to  launch  a  'market  assurance  scheme'  in consultation with State Governments to prevent farmers from distress selling of their produce below the Minimum Support Price (MSP);
- (b) if so, the salient features of the proposed scheme;
- (c) whether  the  Government  has  sought  the  views  of  eminent  agricultural  scientists  or organisations on the proposed 'market assurance scheme'; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof and the time by which the roadmap in this regard will be finalized and implemented by the Government?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE

कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण मंालय म राय मंी (SHRI  PARSHOTTAM  RUPALA)

(a) to (d): Concept  notes  on  decentralized  mechanisms  of  procurement  including  Market Assurance Scheme have been circulated to State Governments/UTs.  Pulses, Oilseed and Nutri Cereals, for which, MSP is declared by Government are covered under this concept  note and States/UTs will have the latitude to dispose of the procured commodities in the manner they find it most suitable.

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Lok Sabha Question No. 1734 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-03-06
Subject: Migration of Farm Workers
Ministry: AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
Asked by: GOKARAJU GANGA RAJU

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, COOPERATION AND FARMERS WELFARE

## LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1734

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 6 TH  March, 2018

## MIGRATION OF FARM WORKERS

1734.     DR. GOKARAJU GANGA RAJU:

Will the Minister of AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण मंी be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  a  large  number  of  farm  workers/labourers  have  migrated  from  rural  areas  to urban areas in search of job due to lack of employment creation in the agriculture sector;
- (b) if so, the details thereof; and
- (c) whether  the  Government  is  planning  to  create  agriculture  logistics  in  rural  areas  or smaller towns in order to stop people from migrating to big cities and if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE

कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण मंालय म राय मंी (SHRI  GAJENDRA SINGH SHEKHAWAT)

- (a) & (b): The decennial Census conducted by Registrar General of India provides data on migrant  workers  by  place  of  last  residence  and  industrial  category.  According  to  the  latest available data on migrant agricultural labourers by place of last residence (Census 2001), the total  number  of  rural  to  urban  migration  was  989,747  persons,  including  298,657  males  and 691,090 females.
- (c): Government is implementing various schemes and programmes for creation of various types  of  post-harvest  infrastructure  for  linking  farmers  with  markets.  Under  the  Mission  for Integrated  Development  of  Horticulture  (MIDH)  and  Pradhan  Mantri  Krishi  Sampada  Yojana financial  and  technical assistance is being provided for setting up of cold storage/ cold chain infrastructure  and  refrigerated  transport  vehicle  projects.  Furthermore,  National  Agriculture Market scheme (e-NAM) has been launched to create a pan-India electronic trading portal by networking existing 585 APMC Mandis in a unified national market for agricultural commodities. This innovative market process envisages better price discovery, transparency and competition to enable farmers to get improved remuneration for their produce

.

********
Lok Sabha Question No. 1732 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-03-06
Subject: Higher MSP for Pulses
Ministry: AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
Asked by: M. B. RAJESH

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, COOPERATION AND FARMERS WELFARE

## LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1732

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 6 TH  March, 2018

## HIGHER MSP FOR PULSES

1732.      SHRI   M. B. RAJESH:

Will the Minister of AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण मंी be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the committee headed by the Chief Economic Advisor (CEA) had recommended higher MSP for pulses and subsidies for farming pulses;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether the Government has taken various steps to implement the recommendation of the committee;
- (d) if so, the details thereof; and
- (e) if not, the reasons for not accepting the recommendations of the committee?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE

कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण मंालय म राय मंी (SHRI  GAJENDRA SINGH SHEKHAWAT)

- (a) & (b): The Committee headed by the Chief Economic Adviser (CEA) had recommended the   Minimum Support Price (MSP) of gram at Rs. 40 per kg for rabi, 2016-17, Rs. 60 per kg each for tur and urad for kharif 2017-18 and that MSPs for other pulses should be increased by the  same  percent  as  calculated  in  their  report  for  tur,  urad,  and  gram.  The  Committee  also recommended that the MSP of tur to be fixed at Rs. 70 per kg for 2018-19.

The Committee further recommended that to promote production of pulses, efforts to be made  to  give  production  subsidies to farmers for growing pulses in irrigated areas of about Rs.10-15 per kg via Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT).

- (c) to (e): Government had increased the MSPs of pulses for 2016-17 and 2017-18 on the basis  of  recommendation  of  CACP,  after  considering  the  views  of  State  Governments  and Central  Ministries/Departments  concerned  and  other  relevant  factors.    Besides,  Government had  also  announced  bonus  on  pulses  for  2016-17  and  2017-18  to  incentivize  farmers  to cultivate  pulses.  Government  had  fixed  the  MSP  including  bonus  of  gram  at  Rs.  4000  per quintal for rabi, 2016-17.  For kharif, 2017-18, the MSPs including bonus of tur and urad had been fixed at Rs. 5450 per quintal and Rs. 5400 per quintal respectively. The MSPs fixed by Government for tur and urad for 2017-18 provide returns of 64.3 per cent and 65.4 per cent over all-India weighted average cost of production (A2+FL). The MSP including bonus of masur for rabi,    2016-17  had    been  fixed  at  Rs.  3950  per  quintal.  The  MSP  including  bonus  for  kharif 2017-18 for moong had been fixed at Rs. 5575 per quintal.

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Lok Sabha Question No. 1727 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-03-06
Subject: Suicides on Metro Lines
Ministry: HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS
Asked by: RAMESH BIDHURI, SUKHBIR SINGH JAUNPURIA

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1727

TO BE ANSWERED ON MARCH 6, 2018

## SUICIDES ON METRO LINES

No. 1727   SHRI RAMESH BIDHURI:

SHRI SUKHBIR SINGH JAUNAPURIA:

Will the Minister of HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether incidents of suicides on the metro lines are increasing;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether  the  Government  has  taken  or  proposes  to  take  any concrete steps to check the said incidents; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF THE MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS

(SHRI HARDEEP SINGH PURI)

(a & b): The cases of death due to persons falling on metro tracks have been reported only in metro rail networks of Delhi. Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Limited (DMRC) has informed that 15, 10, 19 and 02 deaths  have  been  reported  due  to  persons  falling  on  metro  tracks during the years 2015, 2016, 2017  and  2018  (upto 20.02.2018)

respectively.

- (c)  &  (d):  The  steps  taken  by  metro  rail  administrations  to  prevent such incidents are listed below:
- I. Train  operators  have  been  asked  to  be  extra  vigilant  while approaching  platform  and  apply  emergency  brakes  to  stop  the train whenever suicide attempt is noticed.
- II. The Security  Controller/CISF  and  Station  Controllers  have  been asked to keep extra vigil on CCTV to identify restless or persons displaying any indication suggesting they may commit suicide.
- III. Height  of  railings  at  platforms  of  elevated  stations  has  been increased.
- IV. Platform Screen Doors have been installed in some of the metro stations.
- V. Security personnel have been deployed at platforms to prevent such incidents.
- VI. Passengers  are  advised  to  keep  away  from  yellow  line  on platform through regular announcements and random checks by staff.
- VII. Signages  have  been  placed  at  the  metro  stations  advising  the passengers to keep off the track intimating them that the event may cause life changing injury.

***
Lok Sabha Question No. 1726 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-03-06
Subject: Ban on Pesticides
Ministry: AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE
Asked by: PRALHAD VENKATESH JOSHI

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, COOPERATION AND FARMERS WELFARE

## LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.1726

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 6 TH  March, 2018

## BAN ON PESTICIDES

## 1726.    SHRI PRALHAD JOSHI:

Will the Minister of AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण मंी be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Government  is  considering  to  ban  on  the  chemical,  monocrotophos,  in pesticides that caused farmer deaths in Maharashtra;
- (b) if so, the details thereof; and
- (c) whether the Government is considering of alternatives to these pesticides for farmers in case they are banned, if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE कृ ष एवं कसान कयाण मंालय म राय मंी (SHRI  PARSHOTTAM  RUPALA)

- (a) & (b): The  Registration  Committee  under  section  5  of  the  Insecticides  Act,  1968 registers  the  pesticides  only  after  evaluating  their  efficacy  and  safety  to  human  health  and environment. Pesticides used as per approved labels and leaflets are unlikely to pose any harm. Further,  technical  reviews  of  registered  pesticide/insecticide  are  being  conducted  regularly  to evaluate  its  impact  for  their  continued  use.  The  Department  of  Agriculture,  Cooperation  and Farmers Welfare (DAC&FW) had constituted an expert committee under the Chairmanship of Anupam Verma to review 66 pesticides, including Monocrotophos. The Expert Committee, inter alia, recommended monocrotophos to be reviewed in 2018 after completion of certain technical studies.
- (c): Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an ecological approach which aims to keep pest population  below  economic  thresholds  level  by  employing  available  alternate  pest  control strategies and techniques viz. preventive measures, cultural, mechanical and biological control with  greater  emphasis  on  usage  of  bio-pesticides  and  pesticides  of  plant-origin  like  Neem formulation  etc.  The  Government  is  implementing  'Strengthening  and  Modernization  of  Pest Management  Approach  in  India'  (SMPMA)  Scheme  through  35  Central  Integrated  Pest Management  Centres  (CIPMCs)  established  across  the  country  with  an  aim  to  promote Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach. CIPMCs inter alia, produce biological agents for release  in  the  fields,  conserve  natural  bio-control  agents,  promote  bio-pesticides  as  an alternative to chemical pesticides and advocate judicious and safe use of chemical pesticides as a last resort.

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Lok Sabha Question No. 1725 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-03-06
Subject: Price of Stents
Ministry: CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS
Asked by: GOPALAKRISHNAN CHINNARAJ

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CHEMICALS & FERTILIZERS DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICALS

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1725

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 06 th  March, 2018

## Price of Stents

## 1725. DR. C. GOPALAKRISHNAN:

Will the Minister of CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA) has reduced the price of top end stents;
- (b) whether it is  true  that  many  firms/  pharma  companies  had  withdrawn their  top  end stents after the price cut;
- (c) if so, the details thereof; and
- (d) the action taken/being taken by the Government in this regard?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  ROAD  TRANSPORT  AND HIGHWAYS; MINISTRY OF SHIPPING AND MINISTRY OF CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS (SHRI MANSUKH L. MANDAVIYA)

- (a): National  Pharmaceutical  Pricing  Authority  (NPPA)  in  its  meeting  dated  13 th Feb, 2017  fixed  the  ceiling  price  of  the  coronary  stents  at  Rs  29,600/-  for  Drug  eluting  Stents (DES) and Rs. 7,260/- for Bare Metal Stents, resulting in reduction in the prices of coronary stents  by  upto  85%.  The  ceiling  prices  were  later  revised  to  Rs.  30,180/-  for  Drug  eluting Stent  and  Rs.  7,400/-  for  Bare  Metal  Stent  with  effect  from  1-April-2017,  considering wholesale price index of 2016. NPPA in its meeting dated 5 th February 2018 which continued on  8 th February  2018  and  12 th February  2018  re-fixed  the  ceiling  prices  at  Rs.  27,890  for Drug eluting Stents and at Rs. 7,660/- for Bare Metal Stents.
- (b) to (d): The  sub-committee  of  the  National  List  of  Essential  Medicines  (NLEM) constituted in the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in its meeting dated 25-Jan-2018 has  stated  that  there  is  no  sufficient  evidence  of  any  Drug  eluting  Stents  (DES)  being  the superior over any other DES. Hence, the question of calling some brands as top end stent does  not  arise.  As  on  date,  technically  no  company  has  withdrawn  any  brand  from  Indian market after 12 th Feb, 2018.

*******