Lok Sabha Question No. 1772 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2018-03-06
Subject: Wastage of Foodgrains
Ministry: CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION
Asked by: RABINDRA KUMAR JENA

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD & PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION

## DEPARTMENT OF FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1772 TO BE ANSWERED ON 06 TH  MARCH, 2018

## WASTAGE OF FOODGRAINS

## 1772.   SHRI RABINDRA KUMAR JENA:

Will the Minister of CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION miHkksDrk ekeys] [kk| vkSj lkoZtfud forj.k ea=h be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of the quantum of food- grains wasted as recorded by the FCI each year from 2014 to 2017;
- (b) the distribution of food wastage statistics, State-wise;
- (c) the quantum of fruits and vegetables which go unconsumed or wasted in a year from 2014 to 2017;
- (d) the procedure followed to handle the wasted foods not fit for consumption;
- (e) the number of warehousing and storage facilities for foodgrains which are mechanised;
- (f) the number of the FCI storage facilities that are currently functioning in the country, State-wise; and
- (g) the  number  of  storage  facilities  that  have  forklifts  and  hand-pellet trucks?

## A N S W E R

MINISTER OF STATE FOR  CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD & PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION (SHRI C. R. CHAUDHARY)

- (a): Procured foodgrains are stored in scientific godowns. However, inspite of all precautions, some quantity of foodgrains may get damaged/become nonissuable during storage due to various reasons such as storage pests' attack, leakages  in  godowns,  procurement  of  poor  quality  stocks,  exposure  to  rains, floods, etc. A quantum of 24695.5 tons, 18847.2 tons, 3115.7 tons, 8775.6 tons and  2244.74  tons  of  foodgrains  accrued  as  damage/non-issuable  in  Food Corporation of India (FCI) during 2013-14, 2014-15, 2015-16, 2016-17 & 2017-18 (upto 01-02-2018) respectively.

- (b): State-wise  details  of  the  damaged/non-issuable  foodgrains  accrued  in FCI during for last 4 years and current year are at ANNEXURE-I.
- (c): The  Central  Institute  of  Post  Harvest  Engineering  and  Technology (CIPHET), an Institute under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has  conducted  a  study  in  2013-14  sponsored  by  Ministry  of  Food  Processing Industries,  Government  of  India  on  'Assessment  of  Quantitative  Harvest  and Post-Harvest Losses of Major Crops/Commodities in India'. The study included assessment  of  harvest  and  post  harvest  losses  of  45  crops  and  livestock produce.  The  losses  have  been  assessed  in  farm  operations  (harvesting, collection,  sorting,  grading,  drying,  packaging  and  transport)  and  storage channels (farm, godown/cold storage, wholesaler, retailer and processing unit). As per the study report the details of the quantitative losses of major fruits and vegetables at national level are as under:
- (d): Procedure for disposal of damaged/non-issuable foodgrains in FCI is at ANNEXURE-II.
- (e): Steel/RCC  Silo  used  for  storage  of  foodgrains  in  FCI  are  mechanized. State-wise details of the Silos are at ANNEXURE-III.
- (f): A number of 1840 food storage depots are functional in the country on January, 2018. The State-wise details of these depots are at ANNEXURE-IV.
- (g): No storage facilities with forklifts, hand-pellet trucks is available in FCI.

|   S.No | Crop        |   Overall Total Loss (%) (Farm Operation+Transport+Storage) |
|--------|-------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|
|      1 | Apple       |                                                       10.39 |
|      2 | Banana      |                                                        7.76 |
|      3 | Citrus      |                                                        9.69 |
|      4 | Grapes      |                                                        8.63 |
|      5 | Guava       |                                                       15.88 |
|      6 | Mango       |                                                        9.16 |
|      7 | Papaya      |                                                        6.7  |
|      8 | Sapota      |                                                        9.73 |
|      9 | Cabbage     |                                                        9.37 |
|     10 | Cauliflower |                                                        9.56 |
|     11 | Green pea   |                                                        7.45 |
|     12 | Mushroom    |                                                        9.51 |
|     13 | Onion       |                                                        8.2  |
|     14 | Potato      |                                                        7.32 |
|     15 | Tomato      |                                                       12.44 |
|     16 | Tapioca     |                                                        4.58 |

****

## ANNEXURE-I

ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (b) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO 1772 TO BE ANSWERED ON 06 TH  MARCH, 2018 IN LOK SABHA.

## STATE-WISE DETAILS OF THE DAMAGED/NON-ISSUABLE FOODGRAINS ACCRUED IN FCI DURING FOR LAST 4 YEARS AND CURRENT YEAR

(Fig in tons)

| S.N o   | States            |   2013-14 |   2014-15 |   2015-16 |   2016-17 |   2017-18 (upto 01-02- 2018) |
|---------|-------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|------------------------------|
| 1       | Bihar             |    3909.4 |     703.7 |      46.4 |       0   |                      1526.45 |
| 2       | Jharkhand         |     622.1 |       2.7 |       0   |       0   |                        44.58 |
| 3       | Odisha            |    1084.8 |    7108.8 |      25.9 |       1.4 |                         0.32 |
| 4       | West Bengal       |   12539.9 |     120.5 |      12.4 |       0   |                         0    |
| 5       | Assam             |     180.7 |      96.6 |     119.9 |     205.2 |                       327.71 |
| 6       | NEF               |    1827.8 |      95.4 |     210.4 |     104.9 |                        90.62 |
| 7       | Arunachal Pradesh |       3.3 |       0   |       0   |       0   |                         0    |
| 8       | Nagaland          |      32.3 |      38   |      10.6 |       3   |                         0    |
| 9       | Delhi             |      34.3 |       2.6 |      16.1 |      11.9 |                        13.98 |
| 10      | Haryana           |       0   |       0   |       0   |       0   |                         0    |
| 11      | J & K             |       0   |    6120   |       0   |       0   |                         0    |
| 12      | Punjab            |      72.6 |      44.6 |      29.7 |       8.5 |                        61.14 |
| 13      | Rajasthan         |      13   |       2.8 |       2.4 |     124.9 |                         1.3  |
| 14      | Uttar Pradesh     |    1109.6 |     322   |     116.1 |      47.8 |                       108.52 |
| 15      | Uttrakhand        |      90   |       7.5 |       0   |       0   |                         0    |
| 16      | Andhra Pradesh    |     475.5 |    2262.1 |    2202.2 |       5.7 |                         0    |
| 17      | Kerala            |     355   |     397.7 |     178.9 |      88.1 |                         1.5  |
| 18      | Karnataka         |      45.6 |     747.8 |      35.2 |      12.8 |                        24.24 |
| 19      | Tamil Nadu        |     293.8 |     377   |      30.4 |      66.4 |                        15.81 |
| 20      | Gujarat           |     444   |     195.2 |      15.6 |     119.2 |                         6.31 |
| 21      | Maharashtra       |    1234.1 |     104   |      56.3 |    7963.4 |                        13.36 |
| 22      | Madhya Pradesh    |      76.9 |      80.2 |       0   |       0   |                         0    |
| 23      | Chhattisgarh      |     250.7 |      18   |       7.1 |      12.4 |                         0    |
| Total   | Total             |   24695.5 |   18847.2 |    3115.7 |    8775.6 |                      2244.74 |

*****

ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (d) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO 1772 TO BE ANSWERED ON 6 TH  MARCH, 2018 IN LOK SABHA.

## PROCEDURE FOR DISPOSAL OF DAMAGED/NON-ISSUABLE FOODGRAINS IN FCI

On identification  of  damaged  food  grains  by  concerned  Technical  Assistant  at  the depot the following procedure of categorization/ disposal are followed:

## A. Categorization

1. The three tier categorization at Depot level, Regional level, Zonal level shall be as under:
- a) On identification/categorization of damaged foodgrains by Technical Assistant/Manager (QC) at the depot, 100% stock should be further categorized by the  District  Categorization  Committee  (DCC)  consisting  of  Area  Manager,  Manager (QC), District Lab, Manager (QC) of concerned depot and Manager (Fin. A/Cs) within 15 days from the date of detection/categorization of damaged foodgrains at depot.
- b)       Regional Categorization Committee (RCC) consisting of Assistant General Manager (QC),  AGM  (Fin./A/Cs)  of  Regional  Office  concerned  and  Area  Manager/AGM  (QC)  of concerned District will test check 20% of the total stock categorized by the DCC.
- c) Zonal  Categorization  Committee  (ZCC)  consisting  of  QC  officers  nominated  by  ED (Zone),  AGM  (QC)  of  R.O.  &  AGM  (QC)/Area  Manager  of  the  concerned  District  will test check 5% of the stocks categorized by the DCC within 15 days from the receipt of the report from GM (Region) concerned.
- d) RCC/ZCC will test check and submit the report with specific recommendations to the General Manager (Region), through their respective offices.
- e) The categorization of damaged foodgrains will be deemed / treated as final only on the receipt of categorization reports of RCC & ZCC by the General Manager (Region).
2. F.C.I. Headquarters deputed Vigilance Squads in case accrual of damaged foodgrain is more than 1,000 MT in a particular Region.

Categorization of damaged foodgrains is based on the % of sound grain.

Category :

%age of sound grains other than foreign matter and damaged foodgrains

Feed-I :

85% to less than 94% (in wheat)/95% (in rice)

Feed-II :

70% to less than 85%

Feed-III :

55% to less than 70%

Industrial Use

:

30% to less than 55%

Manure Use :

10% to less than 30%

Dumping :

less than 10% (to be offered as Manure before dumping)

## Disposal of damaged foodgrains:

- (i) GM (Region) is competent Authority for disposal of damaged foodgrains for quantity where the price received in the tender/auction is above the reserve price.
- (ii) Wherever, the rates of damaged foodgrains received in tender inquiry/ auction are below the reserve price, such rates shall invariably be approved by the next higher authority i.e. Executive Director (Zone).
- (iii) GM. Region can dispose damaged foodgrain under Rate Running Contract but if at any time accrual is more than 500 MT, it is to be disposed off through tenders only (Copy of MTF enclosed).
- (iv) F.C.I.  has  to  confirm  that  the  parties  involving  tender  enquiry  including  State Departments and Agencies have feed stock manufacturing plants.
- (v) Besides  above,  Executive  Director  (Zone)  shall  be  competent  to  take  decision  on extension of period for lifting of stocks by Registered Parties / RCC holders beyond stipulated  period  of  30  days  provided  the  concerned  parties  have  deposited  the requisite cost of damaged foodgrains as per terms and conditions of the contract. However, this should be decided on merit of each case not in routine.
- (vi) Wherever, the rates of damaged foodgrains received in tender inquiry / auction are below the reserve price, such rates shall invariably be approved by the next higher authority i.e. Executive Director (Zone).
3. RESERVE PRICES

## The Reserve Price of damaged foodgrain is as under:-

| (I)   | Feed -I        | -   | 60% of MSP of the Crop Year for Wheat.                                                 |
|-------|----------------|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| (II)  | Feed-II        | -   | 50% of MSP of the Crop Year for Wheat.                                                 |
| (III) | Feed-III       | -   | 40% of MSP of the Crop Year for Wheat. 40% of derived MSP of the Crop Year for Rice.   |
| (IV)  | Industrial Use |     | - 30% of MSP of the Crop Year for Wheat. 30% of derived MSP of the Crop Year for Rice. |
| (V)   | Manure         | -   | 10% of MSP of the Crop Year for Wheat. 10% of derived MSP of the Crop Year for Rice.   |

****

## ANNEXURE-III

ANNEXURE REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PART  (e)  OF  UNSTARRED  QUESTION  NO 1772 TO BE ANSWERED ON 06 TH  MARCH, 2018 IN LOK SABHA.

## STATE-WISE DETAILS OF THE SILOS IN FCI

| S.No                                                              |                  | Location/Place   |        | State          | Type        | Own/Hired                               | Capacity in Tons   |    |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------|------------------|--------|----------------|-------------|-----------------------------------------|--------------------|----|
| SILO HIRED BY FCI CONSTRUCTED IN 2008 THROUGH PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP |                  |                  |        |                |             |                                         |                    |    |
| 1                                                                 |                  | Moga             |        | Punjab         | Steel Hired | 2,00,000                                |                    |    |
| 2                                                                 |                  | Chennai Tamil    |        | Nadu Steel     | Hired       | 25,000                                  |                    |    |
| 3 Steel                                                           |                  | Coimbatore Tamil |        | Nadu           | Hired       | 25,000                                  |                    |    |
| 4 Steel                                                           |                  | Bangluru         |        | Karnataka      | Hired       | 25,000                                  |                    |    |
| 5 Steel                                                           |                  | Kaithal          |        | Haryana        | Hired       | 2,00,000                                |                    |    |
| 6 Steel                                                           |                  | Navi Mumbai      |        | Maharashtra    | Hired       | 50,000                                  |                    |    |
| 7 Steel                                                           |                  | Hoogly West      |        | Bengal         | Hired       | 25,000 (Presently serviceable) 5,50,000 | not                | in |
| Total SILO CREATED BY STATE GOVERNMENT                            |                  |                  |        |                |             |                                         |                    |    |
| 1                                                                 | Harda            |                  |        |                |             | 50,000                                  |                    |    |
| 2                                                                 | Hoshangabad      |                  |        |                |             | 50,000                                  |                    |    |
| 3                                                                 | Dewas            |                  |        | Steel          |             | 50,000                                  |                    |    |
| 4                                                                 | Satna            |                  |        |                |             | 50,000                                  |                    |    |
| 5                                                                 | Sehore           |                  |        | Madhya Pradesh |             | 50,000                                  |                    |    |
| 6                                                                 | Ujjain           |                  |        |                |             | 50,000                                  |                    |    |
| 7                                                                 | Vidisha          |                  |        |                |             | 50,000                                  |                    |    |
| 8                                                                 | Bhopal           |                  |        |                |             | 50,000                                  |                    |    |
| 9                                                                 | Indore           |                  |        |                |             | 50,000                                  |                    |    |
| 10                                                                | Ahmedgarh        |                  | Punjab |                |             | 50,000                                  |                    |    |
| 11                                                                | Malerkotla       |                  |        |                | Steel       | 50,000                                  |                    |    |
| 12                                                                | Sunam            |                  |        |                |             | 50,000                                  |                    |    |
| Total                                                             |                  |                  |        |                |             |                                         |                    |    |
| 1                                                                 | Kotkapora        |                  | Punjab |                | Steel       | 25,000                                  |                    |    |
| 2                                                                 | Mandi Govindgarh |                  | Punjab |                | RCC         | 20,000                                  |                    |    |
| 3                                                                 | Jagraon          |                  | Punjab |                | RCC         | 20,000                                  |                    |    |
| 4                                                                 | Moga             |                  | Punjab |                | RCC         | 20,000                                  |                    |    |
| 5                                                                 | Lucknow          |                  | UP     |                | RCC         | 20,000                                  |                    |    |
| 6                                                                 | Hapur            |                  | UP     |                | Steel       | 10,160                                  |                    |    |
| Total                                                             |                  |                  |        |                |             | 1,15,160                                |                    |    |
|                                                                   |                  |                  |        |                | Grand       | Total 12,65,160                         |                    |    |

****

## ANNEXURE-IV

## ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (f) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO 1772 TO BE ANSWERED ON 06 TH  MARCH, 2018 IN LOK SABHA.

## THE STATE-WISE DETAILS OF FOOD STORAGE DEPOTS AVAILABLE WITH FCI AS ON January, 2018

| SL. NO.   | REGION/U.T.                 | COVERED   | COVERED     | COVERED   | COVERED   | COVERED   | COVERED   | COVERED         | COVERED     | COVERED       |
|-----------|-----------------------------|-----------|-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------------|-------------|---------------|
| SL. NO.   | REGION/U.T.                 | FCI OWNED | HIRED       | HIRED     | HIRED     | HIRED     | HIRED     | HIRED           | HIRED       | TOTAL COVERED |
| SL. NO.   | REGION/U.T.                 | FCI OWNED | STATE GOVT. | CWC       | SWC       | PEG       | PWS 2010  | PRIVATE PARTIES | TOTAL HIRED | TOTAL COVERED |
| 1         | BIHAR                       | 12        | 2           | 10        | 23        | 15        | 1         | 4               | 55          | 67            |
| 2         | JHARKHAND                   | 6         | 0           | 2         | 11        | 19        | 0         | 1               | 33          | 39            |
| 3         | ORISSA                      | 22        | 0           | 8         | 22        | 0         | 0         | 0               | 30          | 52            |
| 4         | WEST BENGAL                 | 23        | 0           | 3         | 0         | 0         | 0         | 7               | 10          | 33            |
| 5         | ARUNACHAL                   | 6         | 3           | 0         | 0         | 0         | 0         | 5               | 8           | 14            |
| 6         | ASSAM                       | 20        | 2           | 3         | 4         | 1         | 0         | 10              | 20          | 40            |
| 7         | MANIPUR                     | 4         | 1           | 0         | 0         | 0         | 0         | 0               | 1           | 5             |
| 8         | NAGALAND                    | 5         | 0           | 1         | 0         | 0         | 0         | 0               | 1           | 6             |
| 9         | MEGHALAYA, MIZORAM, TRIPURA | 14        | 4           | 0         | 2         | 0         | 0         | 0               | 6           | 20            |
| 10        | DELHI                       | 6         | 0           | 0         | 0         | 0         | 0         | 0               | 0           | 6             |
| 11        | HARYANA                     | 33        | 16          | 17        | 27        | 130       | 0         | 1               | 191         | 224           |
| 12        | HIMACHAL PD.                | 6         | 6           | 3         | 0         | 3         | 0         | 0               | 12          | 18            |
| 13        | J & K                       | 16        | 1           | 0         | 0         | 7         | 0         | 7               | 15          | 31            |
| 14        | PUNJAB                      | 118       | 1           | 25        | 205       | 186       | 0         | 10              | 427         | 545           |
| 15        | RAJASTHAN                   | 36        | 0           | 24        | 67        | 12        | 0         | 4               | 107         | 143           |
| 16        | UTTAR PRADESH               | 45        | 1           | 21        | 99        | 60        | 1         | 0               | 182         | 227           |
| 17        | UTTRANCHAL                  | 4         | 3           | 5         | 5         | 0         | 0         | 0               | 13          | 17            |
| 18        | ANDHRA PRADESH              | 24        | 0           | 2         | 1         | 5         | 0         | 1               | 9           | 33            |
| 19        | KARNATAKA                   | 22        | 0           | 5         | 19        | 7         | 0         | 1               | 32          | 54            |
| 20        | KERALA                      | 23        | 0           | 0         | 0         | 1         | 0         | 0               | 1           | 24            |
| 21        | TAMIL NADU                  | 14        | 0           | 11        | 11        | 10        | 0         | 2               | 34          | 48            |
| 22        | TELANGANA                   | 11        | 1           | 7         | 5         | 6         | 0         | 0               | 19          | 30            |
| 23        | CHHATTISGARH                | 21        | 1           | 3         | 12        | 4         | 0         | 0               | 20          | 41            |
| 24        | GUJARAT                     | 14        | 2           | 8         | 0         | 1         | 0         | 1               | 12          | 26            |
| 25        | MADHYA PRADESH              | 19        | 0           | 2         | 0         | 0         | 0         | 0               | 2           | 21            |
| 26        | MAHARASHTRA                 | 13        | 0           | 9         | 24        | 27        | 2         | 1               | 63          | 76            |
| 27        | COUNTRY TOTAL               | 537       | 44          | 169       | 537       | 494       | 4         | 55              | 1303        | 1840          |