Lok Sabha Question No. 44 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-15
Subject: States Affected by Air Pollution
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: GOPAL CHINAYYA SHETTY, Richard Hay, George Baker, JAYSHREEBEN  PATEL

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA UN-STARRED QUESTION N0.

## 44

TO BE ANSWERED ON 15.12.2017

## States Affected by Air Pollution

## 44. SHRI GOPAL SHETTY:

PROF. RICHARD HAY:

SHRI GEORGE BAKER:

SHRIMATI JAYSHREEBEN PATEL:

Will the Minister of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of the number of States adversely affected by Air Pollution across the country, at  present  indicating  the  number  of  cities  considered  to  be  polluted  as  per  global standards;
- (b)   the  details  of  the  short-term/long-terms  plans  formulated/  being  formulated  by  the Government in this regard so far;
- (c)   the details of the funds sanctioned, allocated and utilised for these plans during the last three years and the current year, State/UT-wise along with the details of the targets set and achievements made under these plans during the said period, State/ UT-wise;
- (d) the details of pollution causing units which falls under category 'H' and other categories as per the Master Plan along with the steps taken to check pollution caused by these units during the last three years; and
- (e)   whether the Government has received any complaints regarding use of banned practices in these States and if so, the details thereof and the action taken by the Government in this regard?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER  OF  STATE  IN  THE  MINISTRY  OF  ENVIRONMENT,  FOREST  AND CLIMATE CHANGE (DR. MAHESH SHARMA)

(a) to (c) The Government has notified National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) which lays the norms for air pollutants in the Country. The NAAQS have been developed taking into account global standards. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) monitors the ambient air quality at 691 monitoring stations located in 303 cities/towns covering 29 states and 6 union territories across the country under National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP). Under NAMP, three air pollutants viz., Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Particulate Matter size equal to or less than 10 micron (PM10) are being monitored at  all  the  locations.  On  the  basis  of  data  monitored  during  2011-2015,  the  list  of  94  nonattainment  cities  covering  20  States  and  2  Union  Territories  which  have  not  conformed  to National Ambient Air Quality Standards consistently are annexed at Annexure-I. Concerned SPCBs have been asked to prepare action plan for these non-attainment cities. Apart from this, CPCB has issued directions under section 18 (1) (b) of the Air (Prevention and Control of  Pollution)  Act,  1981  to  these  States  and  Union  Territories  for  prevention,  control  and abatement or air pollution and improvement of Air Quality in the country. The short-term and long-term measures suggested to the States, as per directions issued under Section 18(1)(b) of Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 are annexed at Annexure-II. The statewise details of funds released to States and other monitoring agencies during last three years and current  year  under  National  Air  Quality  Monitoring  Programme  (NAMP) are given at Annexure-III.

(d)  &  (e)  The  Government  has  notified  115  emission/effluent  standards  for  104  different sectors  of  industries,  besides  32  general  standards  including  those  related  to  hazardous industries.

As per reports, CPCB has received a total of 3417 complaints including those related to use of banned practices in the years 2013 to 2016 as given below:

| Year   |   Number of complaints |
|--------|------------------------|
| 2013   |                    634 |
| 2014   |                    756 |
| 2015   |                   1287 |
| 2016   |                    740 |
| Total  |                   3417 |

The action taken by the CPCB against the violators of pollution laws includes issue of directions  for  improving  performance  and  compliance  with  norms,  directions  to  service agencies  for  disconnection  of  power/water  supply,  obtaining  of  bank  guarantee,  closure  of industries etc.

*******

## ANNEXURE-I

ANNEXURE  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PARA  (a)  to  (c)  OF  THE  LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED  QUESTION  NO.  44  DUE  FOR  REPLY  ON  15.12.2017  REGARDING 'STATES AFFECTED BY AIR POLLUTION' BY SHRI GOPAL SHETTY, PROF. RICHARD HAY, SHRI GEORGE BAKER; SHRIMATI JAYSHREEBEN PATEL, HON'BLE MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT

## Non-Attainment cities with respect to Ambient Air Quality India (2011-2015)

| State Sl. No   | State            | Cities Sl. No   | Cities                  |
|----------------|------------------|-----------------|-------------------------|
| 1              | Andhra Pradesh   | 1               | Guntur                  |
| 1              | Andhra Pradesh   | 2               | Kurnool                 |
| 1              | Andhra Pradesh   | 3               | Nellore                 |
| 1              | Andhra Pradesh   | 4               | Vijaywada               |
| 2              | Assam            | 5 6             | Vishakhapatnam Guwahati |
| 2              | Assam            | 7               | Nagaon                  |
| 2              | Assam            | 8               | Nalbari                 |
| 2              | Assam            | 9               | Sibsagar                |
| 2              | Assam            | 10              | Silchar                 |
| 3              | Chandigarh       | 11              | Chandigarh              |
|                |                  | 12              | Bhillai                 |
| 4              | Chattisgarh      | 13              | Korba                   |
| 5              | Delhi            | 14              | Delhi                   |
| 6              | Gujarat          | 15              | Surat                   |
| 7              |                  | 16              | Baddi                   |
| 7              |                  | 17              | Damtal                  |
| 7              |                  | 18              | Kala Amb                |
| 7              | Himachal Pradesh | 19              | Nalagarh                |
| 7              |                  | 20              | Paonta Sahib            |
| 7              |                  | 21              | Parwanoo                |
|                |                  | 22 23           | Sunder Nagar Jammu      |
| 8              | Jammu & Kashmir  |                 |                         |
| 9              | Jharkhand        | 24              | Dhanbad                 |
| 10             | Karnataka        | 25              | Bangalore               |
| 10             | Karnataka        | 27              | Devanagere Gulburga     |
|                |                  | 26              |                         |
|                |                  | 29 30           | Bhopal Dewas            |
| 11             |                  | 31              | Indore                  |
|                |                  |                 | Sagar                   |
|                | Madhya Pradesh   |                 |                         |
|                | Madhya Pradesh   | 32              |                         |
|                |                  | 33              | Ujjain Akola            |
| 12             | Maharashtra      | 34 35           | Amravati                |

| State Sl. No   | State         | Cities Sl. No   | Cities              |
|----------------|---------------|-----------------|---------------------|
|                |               | 36              | Aurangabad          |
|                |               | 37              | Badlapur            |
|                |               | 38              | Chandrapur          |
|                |               | 39              | Jalgaon             |
|                |               | 40              | Jalna               |
|                |               | 41              | Kolhapur            |
|                |               | 42              | Latur               |
|                |               | 43              | Mumbai              |
|                |               | 44              | Nagpur              |
|                |               | 45              | Nashik              |
|                |               | 46              | Navi Mumbai         |
|                |               | 47              | Pune                |
|                |               | 48              | Sangli              |
|                |               | 49              | Solapur             |
|                |               | 50              | Ulhasnagar          |
| 13             | Meghalaya     | 51              | Byrnihat            |
| 14             | Nagaland      | 52              | Dimapur             |
| 14             | Nagaland      | 53              | Kohima              |
| 15             | Orissa        | 54              | Angul               |
| 15             | Orissa        | 55              | Balasore            |
| 15             | Orissa        | 56              | Bhubneshwar         |
| 15             | Orissa        | 57              | Cuttack             |
| 15             | Orissa        | 58              | Rourkela            |
| 15             | Orissa        | 59              | Talcher             |
| 16             | Punjab        | 60              | DeraBassi           |
| 16             | Punjab        | 61              | Gobindgarh          |
| 16             | Punjab        | 62              | Jalandhar           |
| 16             | Punjab        | 63              | Khanna              |
| 16             | Punjab        | 64              | Ludhiana            |
| 16             | Punjab        | 65              | NayaNangal          |
| 16             | Punjab        | 66              | Pathankot/Dera Baba |
| 17             | Rajasthan     | 67              | Patiala             |
| 17             | Rajasthan     | 68              | Alwar               |
| 17             | Rajasthan     | 69              | Jaipur Jodhpur      |
| 17             | Rajasthan     | 70 71           | Kota                |
| 17             | Rajasthan     | 72              | Udaipur             |
| 18             | Tamilnadu     | 73              | Tuticorin           |
| 19             |               | 74              | Hydrabad            |
| 19             |               | 75              | Nalgonda            |
|                | Telangana     | 77              | Agra                |
| 20             |               |                 |                     |
| 20             |               | 78              | Allahabad           |
| 20             | Uttar Pradesh | 79              | Anpara              |
| 20             |               | 80              | Bareily             |
| 20             |               | 81              | Firozabad           |

| State Sl. No   | State       |   Cities Sl. No | Cities    |
|----------------|-------------|-----------------|-----------|
|                |             |              82 | Gajraula  |
|                |             |              83 | Ghaziabad |
|                |             |              84 | Jhansi    |
|                |             |              85 | Kanpur    |
|                |             |              86 | Khurja    |
|                |             |              87 | Lucknow   |
|                |             |              88 | Muradabad |
|                |             |              89 | Noida     |
|                |             |              90 | Raebareli |
|                |             |              91 | Varanasi  |
| 21             | Uttarakhand |              92 | Kashipur  |
| 21             | Uttarakhand |              93 | Rishikesh |
| 22             | West Bengal |              94 | Kolkata   |

ANNEXURE  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PARA  (a)  to  (c)  OF  THE  LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED  QUESTION  NO.  44  DUE  FOR  REPLY  ON  15.12.2017  REGARDING 'STATES AFFECTED BY AIR POLLUTION' BY SHRI GOPAL SHETTY, PROF. RICHARD HAY, SHRI GEORGE BAKER; SHRIMATI JAYSHREEBEN PATEL, HON'BLE MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT

## List of directions under Section 18(1)(b) of Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981

## A.) Control of Vehicular Emissions:

- Sl. Action Points
- i) Launch extensive awareness drive against polluting vehicles;
- ii) Ensure Strict action against visibly polluting vehicles;
- iii) Install weigh in motion bridges at Delhi borders to prevent overloading;
- iv) Take steps to prevent parking of vehicles in the non-designated areas;
- v) Introduce early alarm system for benefit of commuters related to traffic congestion on major routes for  route diversion ;
- vi) Consider introducing plan for Flexi/staggered timings to minimize peak movement of vehicles on the road;
- vii) Take steps for retrofitting of diesel vehicles with Particulate Filters;
- viii) De-congest pathways;
- ix) Synchronize traffic movements / Introduce intelligent traffic systems for lane-driving;
- x) Install vapor recovery system in fueling stations
- xi) Take steps for installation of remote sensor based PUC system etc.;
- xii) Formulate action plan for controlling decongestion of fuel stations including increasing number of dispensing machines;
- xiii) Prepare action  plan  to  check fuel  adulteration  and  random monitoring  of fuel quality data;
- xiv) Prepare action plan for public transport on CNG mode;
- xv) Undertake road widening and improvement of infrastructure for decongestion of road;
- xvi) Promote battery operated vehicles;
- xvii) Take steps to expedite early completion of Western and Eastern Peripheral expressway and submit completion schedule

## (B) Control of Road Dust/Re-suspension of dust and other fugitive emission:

- Sl. Action Points
- i) Formulate action plan for creation of green buffers along the traffic corridors;
- ii) Introduce wet/ mechanized vacuum sweeping of roads;
- iii) Maintain pot holes free roads for free-flow of traffic to reduce emissions and dust;
- iv) Introduce water fountains at major traffic intersection, wherever feasible;
- v) Undertake greening of open areas, gardens, community places, schools and housing societies.
- vi) Take steps for blacktopping / pavement of road shoulders to avoid road dust;

## (C) Control of Air Pollution from Bio-Mass Burning:

- Sl. Action Points
- i) Take stringent action against open burning of bio-mass/leaves/tyresetc to control such activities and submit periodic status reports;
- ii) Ensure  proper  collection  of  horticulture  waste  (bio-mass)  and  composting-cumgardening approach;
- iii) Ensure strict enforcement of ban on burning of agriculture waste and crop residues
- iv) Prohibit use of coal in hotels and restaurants and eliminate use of kerosene for cooking in Delhi;

## (D) Control of Industrial Air Pollution;

| Sl.   | Action Points                                                                          |
|-------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| i)    | Ensure strict action against unauthorized brick kilns                                  |
| ii)   | Ensure strict action against industrial units not complying with standards;            |
| iii)  | Enforce strict compliance of conversion of Natural draft brick kilns to induced-draft; |
| iv)   | Launch action plan for switching over to natural gas by industries, wherever feasible. |

## (E) Control of Air Pollution from Construction and Demolition Activities:

- Sl. Action Points
- i) Control dust pollution at construction sites through appropriate cover
- ii) Undertake control measures for fugitive emissions from material handling, conveying and  screening operations through water sprinkling, curtains, barriers and  dust suppression units;
- iii) Ensure carriage of construction material in closed/covered vessels;

## (F) Other Steps to control Air Pollution

| Sl.   | Action Points                                                                                                                                                                               |
|-------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| i)    | Set-up helpline in States/UT for taking action against reported non-compliance;                                                                                                             |
| ii)   | Evolve a system of reporting of garbage /municipal solid waste burning through mobile based applications and other social media platform linked with Central and State Level Control Rooms; |
| iii)  | Establish Standard Operating Procedure to provide quick and effective response to complaints                                                                                                |
| iv)   | Take steps for maximizing coverage of LPG / PNG for domestic cooking purposes with intention of achieving 100%;                                                                             |
| v)    | Ensure DG sets meeting the standards only be allowed to operate                                                                                                                             |
| vi)   | Promote use of LPG instead of coal in restaurants/ dhabas/ road side eateries;                                                                                                              |
| vii)  | Undertake Satellite based monitoring for tracking and enforcing agriculture waste burning;                                                                                                  |
| viii) | Take steps for setting up of bio-mass based power generation units to avoid bio-mass burning.                                                                                               |

## ANNEXURE-III

ANNEXURE  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PARA  (a)  to  (c)  OF  THE  LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED  QUESTION  NO.  44  DUE  FOR  REPLY  ON  15.12.2017  REGARDING 'STATES AFFECTED BY AIR POLLUTION' BY SHRI GOPAL SHETTY, PROF. RICHARD HAY, SHRI GEORGE BAKER; SHRIMATI JAYSHREEBEN PATEL, HON'BLE MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT

## Details of Payment Released to States and other monitoring agencies under National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP)

| S.No.   | Name of Monitoring Agency   | 2014-15 (Amount in Rs.)   | 2015-16 (Amount in Rs.)   | 2016-17 (Amount in Rs.)   | 2017-18 (Amount in Rs.) till Dec 2017   |
|---------|-----------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------|-----------------------------------------|
| 1.      | Andhra Pradesh SPCB         | 7666250                   | -                         | -                         | -                                       |
| 2.      | Arunachal Pradesh SPCB      | -                         | -                         | -                         | 3005334                                 |
| 3.      | Assam SPCB                  | 7842500                   | -                         | -                         | 11208000                                |
| 4.      | Chandigarh PCC              | -                         | -                         | 4113833                   |                                         |
| 5.      | Chattisgarh ECB             | -                         | 1526250                   | -                         |                                         |
| 6.      | Gujarat SPCB                | -                         | -                         | -                         |                                         |
| 7.      | Goa SPCB                    | 7125000                   | 7789333                   | -                         |                                         |
| 8.      | Himachal Pradesh SEP & PCB  | -                         | 10128333                  | -                         |                                         |
| 9.      | Karnataka SPCB              | 354167                    | 6749583                   | -                         |                                         |
| 10.     | Kerala SPCB                 | 6474167                   | -                         | -                         |                                         |
| 11.     | Maharashtra SPCB            | -                         | -                         | 16316919                  |                                         |
| 12.     | Meghalaya SPCB              | -                         | 7845833                   | -                         | 9173333                                 |
| 13.     | Madhya Pradesh SPCB         | -                         | -                         | 7984417                   |                                         |
| 14.     | Mizoram SPCB                | 1765000                   | 5413333                   | 4253333                   | 2706667                                 |
| 15.     | Nagaland SPCB               | 906667                    | -                         | 3658667                   | 1717333                                 |
| 16.     | Orissa SPCB                 | 5734583                   | -                         | 5872500                   |                                         |
| 17.     | Punjab SPCB                 | 7795417                   | -                         | -                         |                                         |
| 18.     | Puducherry                  | -                         | -                         | 5110333                   |                                         |
| 19.     | Rajasthan SPCB              | -                         | 4218750                   | -                         |                                         |
| 20.     | Tamil Nadu SPCB             | 2358333                   | -                         | -                         |                                         |
| 21.     | Uttar Pradesh SPCB          | -                         | 7263333                   | -                         |                                         |
| 22.     | Uttarakhand EP&PCB          | -                         | 4085833                   | -                         |                                         |
| 23.     | NEERI                       | 7047000                   | 13612000                  | 22288000                  | 21600000                                |
| 24.     | IIT Kanpur                  | 3709378                   | -                         | -                         | 3709378                                 |
|         | Total =                     | 58778462                  | 68632581                  | 69598002                  | 53120045                                |

Note:- SPCB - State Pollution Control Board, SEP&PCB - State Environment Protection & Pollution Control Board, EP& PCB - Environment Protection & Pollution Control Board, PCC - Pollution Control Committee. NEERI is at present monitoring in 6 cities in 5 different states/Union territories namely Delhi, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh.