Lok Sabha Question No. 1009 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-21
Subject: Construction of Toilets
Ministry: DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION
Asked by: ALOK SANJAR

## Government of India Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 1009 TO BE ANSWERED ON 21-12-2017

## Construction of Toilets

## †1009. SHRI ALOK SANJAR:

Will the Minister of DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION be pleased to state :

- (a)  the  total  number  of  toiletsconstructed  in  the  country  under  SwachhBharat  Mission (Gramin) during each ofthe last three years and the current year,State-wise;
- (b)  whether  reduction  in  the  instanceof  open  defecation  has  been  registered  andif  so,  the details thereof;
- (c)  the  details  of  the  impedimentscoming  in  the  way  of  abolishing  opendefecation  in  the country; and
- (d) the steps being taken/proposed tobe taken by the Government to resolve suchimpediments?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE FOR MINISTRY OF DRINKING WATER & SANITATION

## (SHRI RAMESH CHANDAPPA JIGAJINAGI)

- (a)  State/UTwise  year-wise,  number  of  Individual  household  latrines  (IHHLs)  constructed under Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)during  each of the last three  years and the current year is at Annexure-1.
- (b)  On  the  launch  of  Swachh  Bharat  Mission  (Gramin)  on  2.10.2014, 61.30% rural households  were  practicing  Open  Defecation,which  has  been  reduced  to 25.86% as  on 19.12.2017 .
- (c) and (d) Sanitation is mainly a behavioral issue. It involves change of mindset of people to stop open defecation and to adopt safe sanitation practices. Since this requires engagement of community and skill in facilitation, the process takes some time. The challenges pertain to capacity building of the implementing machinery, continuing focus on community involvement and bring about collective (i.e. village as a whole) behaviour change, promoting technological innovations, streamlining financial and programme management and converging other development schemes with sanitation to promote sustainability. These are some of the hurdles faced. In order to address the above hurdles, a number of measures have been taken. These include:
- Focus  on  behavior  change:  Community  based  collective  behavior  change  has  been mentioned  as  the  preferred  approach,  though  the  States  are  free  to  choose  the approach best suited to them. Focus is also on creation of complete open defecation free (ODF) villages, rather than only on construction of individual toilets. This entails triggering the entire village into changing their behavior.
- The  programme  provides  flexibility  to  the  States  in  the  implementation.  This  is essential, given the vast socio-economic-cultural diversity of India, and also from the point of view of promoting innovations.
- There is a greater emphasis on capacity building, especially in community approaches and  programme  management.  Lack  of  adequate  capacities  is  a  major  challenge  in scaling up the programme. Therefore, various initiatives are being taken to reach out to  all  the  stakeholders.  From  the  Government  of  India  side,  the  States  and  select organizations  (called  Key  Resource  Centres)  are  being  trained.  These  in  turn  are, carrying  out  trainings  at  the  sub-State  level.  The  key  official  at  the  district  levelCollector-has been roped in the programme to provide leadership at the district level.
- The programme is being run as a janandolan with cooperation of all sections of the society including the NGOs, Corporates, youth etc. The Panchayats are being actively involved.
- ZilaSwachhataPreraks are being engaged for support of districts.

## Statement referred in part (a) of the reply to LokSabha Un-starred Question No.1009 due for reply on 21-12-2017

## State/UT-wise Individual household latrines(IHHLs) constructed during last three years and current year as on 19-12-2017

| S.N.   | State/UT          | 2014-15   | 2015-16   |   2016-17 |   2017-18 (Upto 19-12- 2017) |
|--------|-------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|------------------------------|
| 1      | A &NISLANDS       |           |           |       979 |                        12493 |
| 2      | ANDHRAPRADESH     | 213867    | 354996    |    788496 |                      1176709 |
| 3      | ARUNACHAL PRADESH | 12902     | 19439     |     42552 |                        31648 |
| 4      | ASSAM             | 148237    | 465545    |   1054882 |                       484792 |
| 5      | BIHAR             | 165457    | 427038    |    872331 |                      1277785 |
| 6      | CHHATTISGARH      | 39128     | 357107    |   1464977 |                       850896 |
| 7      | D &NHAVELI        |           |           |         0 |                        11652 |
| 8      | DAMAN&DIU         | 0         |           |         0 |                         1600 |
| 9      | GOA               | 0         | 28637     |         0 |                            0 |
| 10     | GUJARAT           | 335762    | 922728    |   1559806 |                       425083 |
| 11     | HARYANA           | 107765    | 132661    |    126162 |                       317977 |
| 12     | HIMACHAL PRADESH  | 54265     | 66632     |     80521 |                           10 |
| 13     | JAMMU &KASHMIR    | 8496      | 64665     |     83455 |                       130580 |
| 14     | JHARKHAND         | 98512     | 315130    |    832239 |                       604357 |
| 15     | KARNATAKA         | 791687    | 533011    |    720075 |                      1130134 |
| 16     | KERALA            | 34101     | 11752     |    195090 |                            0 |
| 17     | MADHYAPRADESH     | 521739    | 1022566   |   1860073 |                      1766066 |
| 18     | MAHARASHTRA       | 500897    | 889170    |   1917675 |                      1506969 |
| 19     | MANIPUR           | 27860     | 47636     |     41423 |                        21320 |
| 20     | MEGHALAYA         | 42002     | 44129     |     45973 |                        61409 |
| 21     | MIZORAM           | 534       | 6026      |      2872 |                        12436 |
| 22     | NAGALAND          | 0         | 22617     |     38112 |                        11304 |
| 23     | ODISHA            | 130925    | 1329832   |   1263960 |                       376117 |
| 24     | PUDUCHERRY        | 0         | 0         |      2430 |                         2763 |
| 25     | PUNJAB            | 9887      | 71543     |    106626 |                        48242 |
| 26     | RAJASTHAN         | 653306    | 2164590   |   2721433 |                      1722307 |
| 27     | SIKKIM            | 3562      | 3707      |         0 |                            0 |
| 28     | TAMIL NADU        | 378162    | 948287    |   1139701 |                       859465 |
| 29     | TELANGANA         | 130725    | 240168    |    520092 |                       907841 |
| 30     | TRIPURA           | 24869     | 61173     |     43829 |                        20139 |
| 31     | UTTAR PRADESH     | 515427    | 694487    |   1740917 |                      2519440 |
| 32     | UTTARAKHAND       | 57833     | 64030     |    335264 |                        42952 |
| 33     | WESTBENGAL        | 847080    | 1432065   |   2322394 |                       805360 |
|        | TOTAL             | 5854987   | 12741367  |  21924339 |                     17139846 |