Lok Sabha Question No. 3304 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2016-12-06
Subject: Tiger Deaths in Thrissur Zoo
Ministry: ENVIRONMENT,  FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Asked by: KIRIT SOMAIYA, JANAK RAM

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OE ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3304

TO BE ANSWERED ON 06.12.2016

## Tiger Deaths in Thissur Zoo

## 3304.  DR. KIRIT SOMAIYA: SHRI JANAK RAM:

Will the Minster of ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND  CLIMATE CHANGE be pleased to state:

- (a) whether incidents  of  tiger  deaths  in  Zoos  and  Wildlife  Sanctuaries/National  Park  have been reported in the country;
- (b) if so, the details thereof during each of the last three years and the current year, State and Wildlife sanctuary/Zoo-wise including Thissur Zoo;
- (c) whether a total 100 tiger deaths have been recorded in 2015-2016, if so, the reasons for the death of a huge number of tigers within a short period;
- (d) the reasons for the deaths of tigers in the said Wildlife sanctuaries and Zoos; and
- (e) the corrective steps being taken to prevent the deaths of tigers in the zoos and wildlife sanctuaries/National Park authorities?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE (SHRI ANIL MADHAV DAVE)

- (a) to (d) Yes, Sir. The details of tiger deaths in Zoos and reasons thereof are at Annexure. Only 45 tigers have died in the Zoos during 2015-2016.
- (e) The  Central  Zoo  Authority  has  stipulated  standards/norms under  Recognition  of  Zoo  Rules,  2009  for  development  and planning, housing and animal enclosures, upkeep and healthcare,  veterinary  care  and  infrastructure  etc.  in  the  zoos for better management of captive wild animals including tigers. Moreover,  the  Central  Zoo  Authority  has  issued  following directives to all recognized zoos in the country:
1. Suggested Health Monitoring Protocol for Zoos.
2. Monitoring of Hygiene and incidence of Blood Borne Disease in Zoos.
3. Supply of quality feed for zoo animals.
4. Population  control  measures  for  Lions,  Tigers  and common ungulates.

Central Zoo Authority in association with the Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly and Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal  Sciences  University, Chennai  has published  following  protocols/books  for  captive  wild  animals including tigers:

- a) Standardisation of animal diets in Indian zoos.
- b) Standards, Guidelines and Protocol of Disease Diagnosis and Care of Wild Animals in Indian Zoos.
- c) Colour Atlas on parasites of captive and animals.

Central  Zoo  Authority  has  designated  the  Indian  Veterinary Research  Institute,  Bareilly  as  National    Referral  Centre  for disease  diagnosis  and  care  of  wild  animals.  All  recognized zoos of the country take help from the referral centre for health care of captive wild animals including tigers.

Protected Areas, viz., National Park/Sanctuaries, Conservation Reserves and Community Reserves covering important wildlife habitats have been created all over the country under the  provisions  of  the  Wild  Life  (Protection)  Act,  1972  to conserve wild animals and their habitats.

Special programmes like 'Project Tiger' and 'Project Elephant' have  been  launched  for  conservation  of  these  endangered species and their habitats.

In addition to provision of stringent punishment  for  the offenders, the  Wild  Life (Protection)  Act, 1972  also provides for forfeiture of any equipment, vehicle or weapon that is used for committing wildlife offence(s).

The Wildlife Crime Control Bureau has been set up to ensure co-ordination  among  various  officers  and  State  Governments in  connection  with  the  enforcement  of  law  for  control  of poaching and illegal trade in wildlife and its products.

## ANNEXURE

ANNEXURE  REFER  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PART  (b)  AND  (d)  OF  THE  LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3304 REGARDING 'TIGER DEATHS IN THIRSSUR ZOO' RAISED BY DR. KIRIT SOMAIYA AND SHRI JANAK RAM DUE FOR REPLY ON 05.12.2016.

| Year            | State           | Zoo                                                         | Reason for death                                             |   Tigers died |
|-----------------|-----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|
| 2013- 2014      | Andhra Pradesh  | Indira Gandi Zoological Park, Visakhapatnam                 | Due to Senility &Multi organ faliure                         |             1 |
|                 | Karnata ka      | Dr. K.Shivarma Karanth Pililkula Biological Park, Mangaluru | ill-health                                                   |             1 |
|                 |                 | Tiger& Lion Safari, Shimoga                                 | P.M. Awaited                                                 |             1 |
|                 |                 | Bannerghatta Bioological Park, Bengaluru                    | Old age                                                      |             2 |
|                 | Madhya Pradesh  | Van Vihar National Park Zoo, Bhopal                         | Senility                                                     |             1 |
|                 | Telanga na      | Nehru Zoological Park, Hyderabad                            | Blood discharge from nostrils &Both lobes of lungs congested |             1 |
|                 | Uttar Pradesh   | Kanpur Zoological Park, Kanpur                              | infection in lungs &kidney                                   |             1 |
| 2013-2014 Total | 2013-2014 Total | 2013-2014 Total                                             | 2013-2014 Total                                              |             8 |
| 2014- 2015      | Andhra Pradesh  | Indira Gandhi Zoological Park, Visakhapatnam                | multi-organ failure                                          |             1 |
|                 |                 |                                                             | Old age                                                      |             1 |
|                 | Assam           | Assam State Zoo Cum Botanical Garden, Guwahati              | Pneumonia                                                    |             1 |
|                 | Chhattis garh   | Maitri Baagh Zoo, Bhilai                                    | Respiratory failure                                          |             1 |
|                 |                 |                                                             | Old age                                                      |             1 |
|                 | Gujarat         | Dr. Shyamaprasad Mukharjee Zoological Garden, Surat         | Senility                                                     |             1 |
|                 | Jharkha nd      | Bhagwan Birsa Biological Park, Ranchi                       | Respiratory failure                                          |             1 |
|                 | Karnata ka      | Bannerghatta Bioological Park, Bengaluru                    | Senility                                                     |             1 |

|                 |                 |                                                     | Old age                                                                                                                                             |   1 |
|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|
|                 | Madhya Pradesh  | Kamla Nehru Prani Sanghrahalaya Zoo, Indore         | Old age                                                                                                                                             |   1 |
|                 |                 | Van Vihar National Park Zoo, Bhopal                 | Cardiac arrest                                                                                                                                      |   1 |
|                 | Odisha          | Nandankanan Biological Park, Bhubaneshwar           | Old age                                                                                                                                             |   1 |
|                 |                 |                                                     | Cardiac arrest                                                                                                                                      |   1 |
|                 | Punjab          | Mahendra Chaudhury Zoological Park, Chhatbir        | Senility                                                                                                                                            |   1 |
|                 |                 |                                                     | Old age                                                                                                                                             |   1 |
| 2014-2015 Total | 2014-2015 Total | 2014-2015 Total                                     | 2014-2015 Total                                                                                                                                     |  15 |
| 2015- 2016      | Andhra Pradesh  | Sri Venkateswara Zoological Park, Tirupati          | Ascites and toxaemia                                                                                                                                |   1 |
|                 |                 |                                                     | Nephritis and hemangio sarcoma                                                                                                                      |   1 |
|                 |                 |                                                     | Acute nephritis and kidney failure                                                                                                                  |   1 |
|                 |                 |                                                     | Mulitorgan failure                                                                                                                                  |   1 |
|                 | Assam           | Assam State Zoo Cum Botanical Garden, Guwahati      | Pneumonia with hemorrhagic enteriitis ( pasteurella organism isolated )                                                                             |   1 |
|                 |                 |                                                     | Suspected Black quarter                                                                                                                             |   1 |
|                 | Chhattis garh   | Maitri Baagh Zoo, Bhilai                            | cardiac respiratory failure                                                                                                                         |   1 |
|                 | Delhi           | National Zoological Park                            | Chock meat and piece stuck                                                                                                                          |   1 |
|                 | Gujarat         | Dr. Shyamaprasad Mukharjee Zoological Garden, Surat | Septicemia                                                                                                                                          |   1 |
|                 |                 |                                                     | Senility                                                                                                                                            |   1 |
|                 | Haryana         | Rohtak Zoo, Rohtak                                  | Died due to cardio respixatory failure                                                                                                              |   1 |
|                 | Jharkha nd      | Bhagwan Birsa Biological Park, Ranchi               | Respiratory failure                                                                                                                                 |   2 |
|                 |                 |                                                     | Cardio - Respiratory failure as a result of supportive pyelonephritis leading to secondary infections in different organ followed by their failure. |   1 |
|                 |                 |                                                     | Cardio - Respiratory failure as a result of suppurative pyelonephritis leading to secondary infections in                                           |   1 |

|                |                                                             | differnt organ followed by their failure                                                         |    |
|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----|
|                |                                                             | Cardio - Respiratory failure as a result of ulcerative gastritis, severe anaemia& spleenomegaly. |  1 |
|                |                                                             | Cardio - Respiratory failure as result of ulcerative gastritis, severe anaemia & s[leenomegaly.  |  1 |
|                | Tata Steel Zoological Park, Jamshedpur                      | Cardio - Pulmonary failure due to chronic nephritis                                              |  1 |
|                |                                                             | Cardio pulmonary failure                                                                         |  1 |
| Karnata ka     | Dr. K.Shivarma Karanth Pililkula Biological Park, Mangaluru | Senility                                                                                         |  1 |
|                | Sri Chamarajendra Zoological Gardens, Mysuru                | Renal failure                                                                                    |  1 |
|                |                                                             | Died due to senility                                                                             |  1 |
|                | Tiger& Lion Safari, Shimoga                                 | Chronic renal failure                                                                            |  2 |
|                | Bannerghatta Bioological Park, Bengaluru                    | Mammary Gland Tumor                                                                              |  1 |
|                |                                                             | Multi - organ failure cytitis                                                                    |  1 |
| Madhya Pradesh | Gandhi Zoological Park, Gwalior                             | Respiratory failure                                                                              |  1 |
|                | Kamla Nehru Prani Sanghrahalaya Zoo, Indore                 | P.M.Awaited                                                                                      |  1 |
|                | Van Vihar National Park Zoo, Bhopal                         | Asphexia                                                                                         |  3 |
| Maharas htra   | Aurangabad Municipal Zoo, Aurangabad                        | Senility                                                                                         |  1 |
| Odisha         | Nandankanan Biological Park, Bhubaneswar                    | Old age                                                                                          |  2 |
| Punjab         | Mahendra Chaudhury Zoological Park, Chhatbir                | Chronic multiple transportation induced organ failure and anemic lesions                         |  1 |
|                |                                                             | Degenerative senile lesions                                                                      |  1 |
| Tamil Nadu     | Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Chennai                       | Senility                                                                                         |  1 |
|                |                                                             | Chronic renal failure                                                                            |  1 |
| Telanga na     | Nehru Zoological Park, Hyderabad                            | death could be due to internal haemorrhages shock and                                            |  1 |

|                                            |                                            |                                                 | death                                                 |    |
|--------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|----|
|                                            |                                            |                                                 | Shock                                                 |  1 |
|                                            | Uttar Pradesh                              | Nawab Wazid Ali Shah Zoological Garden, Lucknow | Cardio respiratory failure                            |  2 |
|                                            |                                            |                                                 | Senility                                              |  1 |
| 2015-2016 Total                            | 2015-2016 Total                            | 2015-2016 Total                                 | 2015-2016 Total                                       | 43 |
| 2016- 2017                                 | Andhra Pradesh                             | Sri Venkateswara Zoological Park, Tirupati      | Senility                                              |  1 |
|                                            | Gujarat                                    | Indroda Nature Park, Gandhinagar                | Mulitple senile complication                          |  1 |
|                                            | Kerala                                     | State Museum and Zoo, Thrissur                  | Multiple organ failure and partial pulmonary collapse |  2 |
|                                            | Madhya Pradesh                             | Van Vihar National Park Zoo, Bhopal             | Cardiac arrest                                        |  1 |
|                                            | Odisha                                     | Nandankanan Biological Park, Bhubaneswar        | Old age                                               |  1 |
|                                            | Rajastha n                                 | Kota Zoo, Kota                                  | Myocardial inforction                                 |  1 |
|                                            | Tripura                                    | Sepahijala Zoological Park, Agartala            | Hepatic Cellular Carcinoma                            |  1 |
| 2016-2017 Total (reported till 01.12.2016) | 2016-2017 Total (reported till 01.12.2016) | 2016-2017 Total (reported till 01.12.2016)      | 2016-2017 Total (reported till 01.12.2016)            |  8 |
| Grand Total                                | Grand Total                                | Grand Total                                     | Grand Total                                           | 74 |