opensansad/lok-sabha-qa huggingface dataset:
Lok Sabha Question No. 756 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-20
Subject: Creation of GRP Posts
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: KIRIT SOMAIYA

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.756 TO BE ANSWERED ON 20.12.2017

## CREATION OF GRP POSTS

756.  DR. KIRIT SOMAIYA:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government of Maharashtra has created 640 posts for Government Railway Police without approval of the Ministry;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c)  whether  the  Railways  has  received  request  from  Maharashtra Government for ex-post-facto sanction and release of 50% reimbursement of cost incurred for creation of these posts;
- (d) if so, the details thereof; and
- (e) the present status of the ex-post-facto sanction and the time by
- which 50% cost incurred for this purpose will be reimbursed?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## (SHRI RAJEN GOHAIN)

- (a)  to  (e):  As  per  extant  provisions  for  creation  of  posts  in  GRP, proposal is required to be forwarded by State Government concerned,  to  concerned  Zonal  Railways,  duly  vetted  by  State Finance & Home Departments. The proposal is further examined by associate  Finance  of  concerned  Zonal  Railways  and  with  the approval  of  General  Manager,  proposal  is  forwarded  to  Railway Board for sanction.

A request has been received from State Government of Maharashtra for post facto approval of 640 posts in Government Railway Police (GRP) and reimbursement of 50% of expenditure incurred on these posts. Since these posts were unilaterally created by State Government  concerned,  above  request  of  State  Government  of Maharashtra  has  been  forwarded  to  concerned  Zonal  Railways. Proposal is under different stages of examination between concerned Zonal Railways and GRP Maharashtra. ...2/-

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 754 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-20
Subject: Division Benches of High Courts
Ministry: LAW AND JUSTICE
Asked by: JAYSHREEBEN  PATEL, RADHESHYAM BISWAS

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

## LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.754

## TO BE ANSWERED ON WEDNESDAY , THE 20.12.2017

## Division Benches of High Courts

## +754. SHRIMATI JAYSHREEBEN PATEL:

## SHRI RADHESHYAM BISWAS:

Will the Minister of LAW AND JUSTICE be pleased to state:

- (a) the  number of division benches of High Courts functioning in the country;
- (b) the number of States where demand for setting up of Division Bench is pending, State-wise;
- (c) the names of the High Courts in the country where proceedings of courts are conducted in regional languages;
- (d) whether the Government intends to allow use of regional language in court proceedings; and
- (e) whether it is a fact about 90 per cent of the population in the country still has no access to legal help, if so, the details thereof and the steps taken by the Government in this regard?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE FOR LAW AND JUSTICE AND CORPORATE AFAIRS (SHRI P.P. CHAUDHARY)

(a) to  (b):  Setting  up  of  division  benches  in  the  High  Courts  is  within  the  administrative control  of  the  Chief  Justices  of  the  High  Courts.  The  Government  has  no  control  over  the administrative  functioning  of  the  High  Court.  As  such,  no  information  is  maintained  by  the Central Government in this regard.

In  accordance  with  the  recommendations  made  by  the  Jaswant  Singh  Commission  and judgment pronounced by the Apex Court in W.P. (civil) No. 379 of 2000, Bench (es) of the High Court are established after due consideration of complete proposal from the State Government, which is to provide infrastructure and meet the expenditure, along with the consent of the Chief Justice of the concerned High Court, which is required to look after the day to day administration of the High Court and its Bench. The proposal should also have the consent of the Governor of the concerned State.

(c)  &  (d):  Use  of  regional  languages  has,  so  far,  not  been  allowed  in  the  hearings  of  the  High Courts. However, use of Hindi has been authorised in the proceedings in the High Courts of the States of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. For the use of regional languages in the High Courts of Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Karnataka and Chhattisgarh, affirmative advice of the Apex Court was not received in these cases.

(e):   National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) and State Legal Services Authorities provide legal aid to eligible persons as mentioned in section 12 of Legal Services Authority Act 1987, wherever such requests for legal aid are received.
Lok Sabha Question No. 753 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-20
Subject: Security Professionals in NIC
Ministry: ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Asked by: K. ASHOK KUMAR

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

## LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 753

TO BE ANSWERED ON 20-12-2017

## SECURITY  PROFESSIONALS IN NIC

## 753 SHRI  K. ASHOK KUMAR:

Will the Minister of ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has initiated a process to accelerate the appointment of more than 350 security professionals at the National Informatics Centre;
- (b) if so, the details thereof;
- (c) whether the issue has been examined by a committee way back in 2009;   and
- (d) if so, the reasons for delay in appointing these security professionals at the National Informatics Centre?

## ANSWER

MINISTER OF STATE FOR ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (SHRI ALPHONS KANNANTHANAM)

(a) to (d):  Yes, Sir.

The  proposal  for  creation  of  355  posts  was  approved  by  the  Cabinet  Committee  on Security(CSS) during the  year  2013  as  part  of  the  approval  for  Framework  for  Enhancing Cyber Security.

Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance has approved the proposal for creation of 355 posts in National Informatics Centre(NIC) during the month of June, 2017.

Necessary action for recruitment of 355 Cyber Security Professionals has already been initiated.

*******
Lok Sabha Question No. 752 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-20
Subject: Assistance to Rajasthan
Ministry: COMMUNICATIONS
Asked by: ARJUNLAL MEENA

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS

## LOK  SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 752 TO BE ANSWERED ON 20 TH      DECEMBER, 2017

## ASSISTANCE TO RAJASTHAN

- †752. SHRI ARJUN LAL MEENA:

Will the Minister of COMMUNICATIONS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the UIDAI and Department of telecommunication proposes to extend its assistance to the State of Rajasthan for the successful implementation of data sharing, validation linkage and 2G/3G connectivity under Bhamashah scheme in Rajasthan;
- (b) if so, the details thereof; and
- (c) if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## THE MINISTER OF STATE (IC) OF THE MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS & MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS (SHRI MANOJ SINHA)

(a) to (c) The  information  is  being  collected  and  will  be  laid  on  the  Table  of  the House.

## ********
Lok Sabha Question No. 749 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-20
Subject: Acid Rain
Ministry: EARTH SCIENCES
Asked by: G. HARI

749.  SHRI G. HARI:

Will the Minister of EARTH SCIENCES be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  it  is  true  that  according  to  a  research  by  the  India  Meteorological Department and Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, pollution is causing life  giving  rain  to  turn  increasingly  acidic  in  many  parts  of  the  country
- particularly in the last decade;
- if so, the details thereof;
- (b)
- (c) whether  it  is  also  true  that  the  acid  rain  is  a  result  of  rain  water  in  the atmosphere  mixing  with  polluting  gases  such  as  oxides  of  sulphur  and nitrogen  emitted  from  power  plants,  automobiles  and  some  industrial  units; and
- (d) if so, the details thereof?

## ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE FOR MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES (SHRI Y. S. CHOWDARY)

- (a) Yes Madam.
- (b) Potential of hydrogen (pH) is a scale of acidity from 0 to 14. It tells how acidic or alkaline a substance is. More acidic solutions have lower pH. More alkaline solutions have higher pH.

Study during 1981-2012 has shown the decreasing trend in pH at all the ten global atmosphere  watch  (GAW)  stations  in India. This trend is  more significant in the last decade. Decadal mean pH among ten stations for 19811990, 1991-2000 and 2001-2012 ranged between 7.31 to 5.76, 7.45 to 4.92 and 6.16 to 4.77, respectively.

- (c) Yes Madam.
- (d) Emissions  from  industries,  automobiles,  power  plants  and  domestic  burning activities are the important sources for these acidifying gases/aerosols in the atmosphere and showed more strong correlation with Nitrate (NO3) than with Sulphate (SO4).

Temporal  variation  at  all  the  GAW  stations  showed  an  increasing  trend  for sulphate  and  nitrate  which  are  major  acidifying  components  oxidized  from their  precursor  gases  sulfur  dioxide  and  nitrogen  dioxide,  respectively;  and decreasing trend of calcium which is major alkaline component.

*******

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 749

## TO BE ANSWERED ON WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 20, 2017

## ACID RAIN
Lok Sabha Question No. 748 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-20
Subject: War Memorial in Bihar
Ministry: DEFENCE
Asked by: RAMA DEVI

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

## DEPARTMENT OF EX-SERVICEMEN WELFARE

## LOK  SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.748

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 20 TH  DECEMBER, 2017

## WAR MEMORIAL IN BIHAR

## 748. SHRIMATI RAMA DEVI:

Will the Minister of DEFENCE j{kk ea=h be pleased to state:

- (a) whether  the  Government  proposes  to  construct  a  war  memorial  at  Tariyani  in Chhapra, Sheohar, Bihar where eleven persons were killed during Quit India Movement;
- (b) if so, the details thereof; and
- (c) if not, the reasons therefor and the reaction of the Government thereto?

## A    N    S    W    E    R

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

र  ा रा य मं ी

- (a) No, Madam.
- (b) Question does not arise.
- (c) A  National  War  Memorial  to  commemorate  all  the  war  heroes  and martyrs of the Nation has been approved by the Government  for construction at 'C' Hexagon, India Gate.  There is no policy to construct or support war memorials at regional levels.

******

(DR. SUBHASH BHAMRE)

(डा. सुभाष भामरे)
Lok Sabha Question No. 747 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-20
Subject: Functioning of Administration
Ministry: PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES AND PENSIONS
Asked by: B.V. NAYAK, S.P. MUDDAHANUMEGOWDA

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES AND PENSIONS (DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS & PUBLIC GRIEVANCES)

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 747

(TO BE ANSWERED ON 20.12.2017)

## FUNCTIONING OF ADMINISTRATION

## 747. SHRI B.V. NAIK: SHRI S.P. MUDDAHANUME GOWDA:

Will the PRIME MINISTER be pleased to state:

- (a) whether it is imperative to bring about major reforms in the functioning of Government services to extend the proper benefit of development of the country to all the sections of the society;
- (b) if so, the reaction of the Government thereto;
- (c) whether economically weakest sections of society are not getting the benefits due to shortcomings in the functioning of administration at the Central and State level; and
- (d) if so, the Government's reaction thereto?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES AND PENSIONS AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE PRIME MINISTER'S OFFICE (DR. JITENDRA SINGH)

(a)&  (b):  Administrative  reforms  in  various  schemes  are  implemented  by  Government  to extend  the    benefits  of  development  more  effectively  to  all  sections  of  the  society.  The reforms  are  part  of  a  continuous  process.  In  this  connection  Government  has  introduced information technology based delivery mechanisms for faster and more effective delivery of services in an accountable and transparent way.  Some of the major reforms introduced by the government  across  the  departments  include  services  like  Direct  Benefit  Transfer,  National Scholarship  Portal,  UMANG,      GeM,  M-Kisan  Portal,  etc.  for  the  benefit  of  farmers, consumers, students and others.

- (c) & (d): It  is  the  endeavor  of  the  Government  to  ensure  that  the  above  reforms  ensure transfer  of  benefits  of  the  schemes  to  all  sections  of  society  including  the  economically weakest sections in a more effective manner.

********
Lok Sabha Question No. 746 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-20
Subject: Information by SMS
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: SATYA PAL SINGH

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.746

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 20.12.2017

## INFORMATION BY SMS

†746. SHRI SATYAPAL SINGH:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

- (a) whether there is any plan to provide information by SMS in case of delay in journey through other trains on the line of information made available in Shatabdi and Rajdhani trains;
- (b) if so, the time by which it is likely to be done;
- (c)  the  time  of  reaching  destination  of  Rajdhani  and  Shatabdi  trains has  been  reduced  by  half-an-hour,  whether  such  provision  will  be implemented in all long distance superfast trains also; and
- (d) if so, the time by which it is likely to be done?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## (SHRI RAJEN GOHAIN)

- (a)  &  (b):  At  present,  in  case  of  train  delay  by  more  than  one  hour, Short Message Service (SMS) is being sent to passengers of Rajdhani, Shatabdi, Tejas and Gatiman trains who are going to board trains from next/upcoming station.

Strengthening  the  existing  passenger  facilities  and  expanding  its scope is an ongoing and continuous process.

- (c)  & (d): In the last one year, one Rajdhani Express Train no. 12310 has been speeded up by 30 minutes. However, speeding up of trains including  Rajdhani/Shatabdi  Express  trains  and  existing  Superfast/

-2/-

Express  trains  is  a  constant  endeavour  and  continuous  process  on Indian  Railways  which  is  dependent  on  the  constant  optimization  of the  investments  made  by  Railways  in  modernization  of  technology, high powered locos, modern coaches (Linke Hofmann Busch (LHB), air brake,  Center  Buffer  Couplers  (CBC)),  improved  signaling  system, better tracks, easing of line capacity, electrification etc.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 744 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-20
Subject: FDI in Defence
Ministry: DEFENCE
Asked by: A.P. JITHENDER REDDY

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

## DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE PRODUCTION

## LOK  SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.744

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 20 TH  DECEMBER, 2017

## FDI IN DEFENCE

## 744. SHRI  A.P. JITHENDER REDDY:

Will the Minister of DEFENCE j{kk ea=h be pleased to state:

- (a) the details of the percentage of foreign direct investment allowed in defence sector both under automatic route and government route;
- (b) the percentage of FDI allowed specifically for production of battle tanks, military transport aircraft, armoured  vehicles, fighter aircraft, helicopters, submarines and warships;
- (c) whether there has been any notification / order of change of rules if any, and if so, the details of such notification / order;
- (d) whether  there has  been  any  instance  where  a  joint  venture  has  been  allowed  to invest more than 74 per cent FDI under any of the routes; and
- (e) if so, the details thereof?

## A    N    S    W    E    R

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

र  ा रा य मं ी

(a) to (e): A statement is attached.

******

(DR. SUBHASH BHAMRE)

(डा. सुभाष भामरे)

## STATEMENT  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PARTS  (a)  TO  (e)  OF  LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 744 FOR ANSWER ON 20.12.2017

(a) to (c): As per current Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) policy in defence sector  notified  by  Department  of  Industrial  Policy  &  Promotion  (DIPP), Ministry of Commerce & Industry vide Press Note No.5 (2016 Series), FDI upto  49%  is  allowed  under  automatic  route  and  beyond  49%  through Government  route  wherever  it  is  likely  to  result  in  access  to  modern technology or for other reasons to be recorded.  Further, FDI in defence is subject to industrial licence under Industries (Development & Regulation) Act,  1951  and  manufacturing  of  Small  Arms  and  Ammunition  under  the Arms Act, 1959. (d) & (e): In so far as joint venture in the defence sector with more than 74 per cent FDI is concerned, no such proposal has been approved by the Government.

******
Lok Sabha Question No. 743 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-20
Subject: Shortage of Trackmen
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: HARISH CHANDRA MEENA

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 743 TO BE ANSWERED ON 20.12.2017

## SHORTAGE OF TRACKMEN

743.  SHRI HARISH MEENA:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

- (a)  Whether it is  a fact that hundreds of  trackmen are deployed at the residences of railway officers further worsening the shortage of trackmen on the field; and
- (b) if so, the details thereof and the steps taken by the Government to deploy such employees back on field?

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## ANSWER (SHRI RAJEN GOHAIN)

- (a)  No,  Madam.  Trackmen  are  not  deployed  at  the  residences  of Railway Officers.
- (b)  Does not arise.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 741 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-20
Subject: MoU under Make in India Programme
Ministry: DEFENCE
Asked by: MEENAKASHI LEKHI

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

## DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE PRODUCTION

## LOK  SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.741

TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 20 TH  DECEMBER, 2017

## MoU UNDER MAKE IN INDIA PROGRAMME

## 741. SHRIMATI MEENAKASHI LEKHI:

Will the Minister of DEFENCE j{kk ea=h be pleased to state:

- (a) the  details  of  military  and  defence  Memorandum  of  Understandings  (MoUs) signed under the Make in India Programme;
- (b) the number of new projects in the defence sector started under the Make in India Programme; and
- (c) the status of completion of these projects?

## A    N    S    W    E    R

MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

र  ा रा य मं ी

(a) to (c): A statement is attached.

******

(DR. SUBHASH BHAMRE)

(डा. सुभाष भामरे)

## STATEMENT  REFERRED  TO  IN  REPLY  TO  PARTS  (a)  TO  (c)  OF  LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 741 FOR ANSWER ON 20.12.2017

## 1. The following agreements have been signed by Government of India under 'Make in India' initiative:

|   Sr. No. | Country   | Details of Agreement                                                                                                                                                          | Date of Signing   |
|-----------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|
|         1 | Russia    | Agreement between the Government of Russian Federation and the Government of Republic of India for construction of follow-on- ships of Project 1135.6 in Russia and in India. | 15.10.2016        |
|         2 | Russia    | Agreement between the Government of Republic of India and the Government of Russian Federation on cooperation in the field of Helicopter Engineering.                         | 24.12.2015        |

2. In the last three financial years i.e. 2014-15 to 2016-17, the Government  has  accorded  Acceptance  of  Necessity  (AoN)  for  total  148 capital acquisition proposals, out of which 105 proposals worth Rs.2,33,000/-  Crore  approximately  have been  categorised as 'Buy (IndianIDDM)', 'Buy (Indian)', 'Buy and Make (Indian)' or 'Make' categories, which means Request for Proposal (RFP) shall be issued only to Indian Vendors. Defence  Procurement  Procedure  (DPP)  stipulates  a  broad  time  frame  of about 86-126 weeks to complete various stages of procurement cycle.

******
Lok Sabha Question No. 740 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-20
Subject: Foot Over Bridges with the help of Army
Ministry: RAILWAYS
Asked by: ANTO  ANTONY

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.740

## TO BE ANSWERED ON 20.12.2017

## FOOT OVER BRIDGES WITH THE HELP OF ARMY

740. SHRI ANTO ANTONY:

Will the Minister of RAILWAYS be pleased to state:

- (a)  whether  the  Government  has  sought  the  help  of  Indian  Army  to construct foot over bridges in different Stations; and
- (b) if so, the details thereof and the reasons thereto?

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

## ANSWER (SHRI RAJEN GOHAIN)

(a)  &  (b):  Yes,  Madam.  The  help  of  Indian  Army  has  been  sought  to construct  Foot  Over  Bridges  at  Elphinstone  Road  and  Parel,  Ambivli and Curry Road railway stations of Mumbai Suburban area.

Indian  Army  has  stock  of  pre-fabricated  bailey  bridges  which  will reduce  the  time  required  for  tendering  and  fabrication  of  girders. Hence in order to give immediate relief to railway passengers, work has been entrusted to the Indian Army.

*****
Lok Sabha Question No. 738 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-12-20
Subject: Indigenous GPS
Ministry: SPACE
Asked by: HARIOM SINGH RATHORE

- (a)

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

## DEPARTMENT OF SPACE

## LOK SABHA

## UNSTARRED QUESTION NO.738

## TO BE ANSWERED ON WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 20, 2017

## INDIGENOUS GPS

738. SHRI HARIOM SINGH RATHORE:
2. Will the PRIME MINISTER be pleased to state:
3. (a) whether  the  work  is  going  on  to  develop  indigenous  Global Positioning System (GPS) in the country;
4. (b)
5. (c)
6. if so, the details thereof;
7. the manner in which the indigenous GPS will be beneficial;
8. (d) the number of GPS on which work is going on at private and Government level Separately at present in the country; and
9. (e) whether the Government is likely to discontinue external GPS after  indigenous  GPS  is  fully  developed  and  if  so,  the  details thereof?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PG & PENSIONS AND IN THE PRIME MINISTER'S OFFICE (DR. JITENDRA SINGH):

- Yes, Madam.
- (b) India  has  deployed  its  own  regional  navigational  system, namely NavIC comprising of a constellation of seven navigational  satellites  and  associated  ground  segment  for providing  position,  navigation  and  timing  services  to  Indian region.

(c) The IRNSS (NavIC) enables providing position, navigation and timing  information  that  could  be  utilised  for  a  large  range  of civil  and  strategic  applications  and  services  that  include terrestrial, aerial and marine navigation; precise timing; disaster management and alert messages; mapping and Geodetic data capture; vehicle tracking and fleet management; visual & voice navigation for drivers, etc. (d) Seven satellites of NavIC constellation is currently in orbit, the realization of IRNSS-1I, by DOS/ISRO is under progress using a contract to a consortium of private companies for carrying out assembly, integration and testing of this satellite. The satellite is planned for launch during first quarter of 2018. (e) NavIC  provides  signals  in  a  space  covering  India  and  its surroundings,  this  could  be  utilised  by  using  receivers  on ground  to  determine  position  and  time  accurately.  Signal  in space is provided globally by GPS of USA, GLONASS of Russia, Galileo of Europe and Beiden of China. Current global trend is to make use of ground receivers which utilises as many signals as available for providing timing and position solutions.

*****