Lok Sabha Question No. 669 (UNSTARRED), answered on 2017-02-06
Subject: Teacher Training and Quality of Education
Ministry: HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Asked by: BANSHILAL MAHTO, NALIN KUMAR KATEEL, NEELAM SONKER, B.N. CHANDRAPPA, DODDAALAHALLI KEMPEGOWDA SURESH

## GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION AND LITERACY

## LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 669 TO BE ANSWERED ON 06 th  February, 2017

## Teacher Training and Quality of Education

## †669. DR. BANSHILAL MAHATO:

SHRI NALIN KUMAR KATEEL:

SHRIMATI NEELAM SONKER:

SHRI B.N. CHANDRAPPA:

SHRI D.K. SURESH:

Will the Minister of HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT be pleased to state:

- (a) whether the Government has taken note that there is an urgent need to improve the quality of teaching in schools in the country and if so, whether the Government has any proposal to focus on both improving physical infrastructure and methodology of teaching by providing proper training to teachers and if so, the details thereof;
- (b) whether  it  is  also  a  fact  that  the  quality  of  primary  education  is  declining  due  to rampant corruption in many States including Uttar Pradesh and Bihar and if so, the steps taken/ proposed to be taken to improve the education system in the country;
- (c) whether the Government proposes to coordinate with the States for improving primary education and re-open the teacher training centres in all the States and if so, the time by when these are likely to be done ;
- (d) if not, the reasons therefor;
- (e) whether  the  Government  also  provides  any  funds  to  State  Governments  for  teacher training programmes and if so, the details thereof, State/UT-wise including Chhattisgarh ; and
- (f) whether the said funds have been fully utilized by the State Governments and if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

## ANSWER

## MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (SHRI UPENDRA KUSHWAHA)

- (a):   The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009 has been enacted  for  universalization  of  elementary  education  i.e  for  classes  I  to  VIII    across  the

country.  Section  23(1)  of  RTE  Act  stipulates  that  any  person  possessing  such  minimum qualifications, as laid down by an academic authority, authorized by the Central Government, by  notification,  shall  be  eligible  for  appointment  as  a  teacher.  Accordingly,  the  Central Government has notified the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) as academic authority  for  recruitment  of  teachers.  Additionally,  NCTE,  mandated  for  providing  quality teacher education to the prospective teachers, has set norms and standards for infrastructure, instructional facilities and qualification and experience of faculty for the teacher education institutions  in  which  teachers  are  educated.    For  this  purpose,  NCTE  has  revised  its Recognition, Norms and Procedure, Regulations 2014. The Regulations 2014 has specifically taken  care  of  gender,  equity,  ICT,  yoga  and  inclusive  education  incorporating  them  in  the revised curricula prepared for this purpose.

Teacher  education  programmes  are  undertaken  by  both  Government  and  nongovernment  institutions  after  seeking  recognition  from  the  National  Council  for  Teacher Education (NCTE) in accordance with the norms and standards laid under the NCTE Act and its Regulations.  The NCTE conducts inspections of recognized teacher education institutions under section 13 of the NCTE Act to monitor their quality.

The  Central  Government,  through  Sarva  Shiksha  Abhiyan  (SSA)    and  Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) supports the State Governments and UT Administrations on several interventions to improve teaching standards, including inter alia; regular in-service teachers' training, induction training for newly recruited teachers, training of  all  untrained  teachers  to  acquire  professional  qualifications  through  Open  Distance Learning  (ODL)  mode academic  support  for  teachers  through  block  and  cluster  resource centres,  training  on  ICT  Component,  Inclusive  Education,  Gender  Sensitization  and Adolescent Education is provided. Under both SSA and RMSA, the focus is to give subject specific, need based and relevant in service teacher training to both elementary and secondary teachers for their professional development.

(b): The Government has not received any complaints with regard to the quality of primary education is declining due to corruption in many States including Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. However,  education  being  a  State  subject,  complaints,  if  any,  received  in  this  regard  are forwarded to the respective State Governments and UTs.  The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) programme has an inbuilt concurrent evaluation and monitoring system. The implementation is  reviewed  twice  every  year  by  a  Joint  Review  Mission  (JRM)  comprising  independent experts and members of external funding agencies, covering all States by rotation. Data on educational indicators including teachers and infrastructural facilities is collected through a Unified  District  Information  System  of  Education  (UDISE)  every  year.  These  evaluation reports and related information are placed in the public domain on the Ministry's website. The Central Government has taken various measures to enhance the quality of school education  in  the  country.  Since  2016-17,  10%  of  SSA  funds  have  been  exclusively earmarked  for  spending  on  quality  initiatives.  Sub-programmes  under  SSA  called  Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat (PBBB) and Rashtriya Avishkar Abhiyan (RAA) have been launched to improve foundational learning at classes I & II and to enhance students interest in Science and Mathematics. The States and UTs have uploaded their best practices in the form of case studies,  testimonials  and  videos  on  the  SSA-Shagun  repository  which  was  launched  by Ministry in January, 2017. (c) & (d): Under  the  SSA  program,  in-service  teacher  training  is  being  provided

elementary school teacher through the institutional structure of Block Resource Centres and Cluster Resource Centres.  Additionally, pre-service teacher training is provided to eligible candidates  in  Government  Teacher  Education  Institutes  like  District  Institute  of  Education and  Training  (DIET),  Colleges  of Teacher  Education (CTEs)  and  Institutes  of  Advanced Studies In Education (IASEs).

(e)&(f):  The  Central  Government  provides  funds  to  the  State  Governments  and  UT Administrations for teacher training  programmes under SSA . The funds released to States and UTs during 2016-17 for various initiatives under the SSA program (including in-service teacher training) are at Annexure.

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## Annexure

ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (e)& (f) OF LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 669  ASKED  BY  DR.  BANSHILAL  MAHATO,  SHRI  NALIN  KUMAR  KATEEL,  SHRIMATI  NEELAM SONKER,  SHRI  B.N.  CHANDRAPPA  AND  SHRI  D.K.  SURESH,  TO  BE  ANSWERED  ON  06.02.2017 REGARDING TEACHER TRAINING AND QUALITY OF EDUCATION.

(Rs. in crore)

| S. No.   | State               |   Total funds released under SSA (as on 04.01.2017) |   Expenditure (including State share) (till Sept., 2016) |
|----------|---------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
|          |                     |                                              633.02 |                                                   355.4  |
| 2        | Andhra Pradesh      |                                              164    |                                                   100.06 |
| 3        | Arunachal Pradesh   |                                              530.38 |                                                   428.66 |
| 4        | Assam               |                                             2706.88 |                                                  2700.03 |
| 5        | Bihar               |                                              572.7  |                                                  1018.54 |
| 6        | Chandigarh          |                                                8.69 |                                                     7.3  |
| 7        | Chhattisgarh        |                                              777.41 |                                                  1007.99 |
| 8        | Dadra &Nagar Haveli |                                              187    |                                                    84.76 |
| 9        | Daman &Diu          |                                              128.25 |                                                   183.03 |
| 10       | Delhi               |                                             1025.22 |                                                   881.38 |
| 11       | Goa                 |                                              423.47 |                                                   468.36 |
| 12       | Gujarat             |                                              544.96 |                                                   863.99 |
| 13       | Haryana             |                                               90.49 |                                                   109.27 |
| 14       | HP                  |                                             1414.51 |                                                   987.9  |
| 15       | J&K                 |                                              603.7  |                                                   523.99 |
| 16       | Jharkhand           |                                               44.05 |                                                    67.21 |
| 17       | Karnataka           |                                              154.38 |                                                   152.02 |
| 18       | Kerala              |                                               37.06 |                                                    22.01 |
| 19       | Lakshadweep         |                                               84.13 |                                                    59.17 |
| 20       | Madhya Pradesh      |                                              603.5  |                                                   736.14 |
| 21       | Maharashtra         |                                              270.87 |                                                   431.74 |
| 22       | Manipur             |                                             1646.79 |                                                  2151.93 |
| 23       | Meghalaya           |                                               28.49 |                                                    22.56 |
| 24       | Mizoram             |                                              821.11 |                                                  1077.77 |
| 25       | Nagaland            |                                              217.76 |                                                   258.01 |
| 26       | Odisha              |                                              125.54 |                                                    72.17 |
| 27       | Puducherry          |                                             5054.34 |                                                  1898.22 |
| 28       | Punjab              |                                              252.69 |                                                   155.51 |
| 29       | Rajasthan           |                                              693.57 |                                                   652.64 |
| 30       | Sikkim              |                                                3.59 |                                                     1.21 |
| 31       | Tamil Nadu          |                                               32.79 |                                                    33.52 |
| 32       | Telangana           |                                               10.61 |                                                     9.04 |
| 33       | Tripura             |                                                2    |                                                     1.71 |
| 34       | UP                  |                                               69.45 |                                                    33.27 |
| 35       | Uttarakhand         |                                                1.4  |                                                     0.13 |
| 36       | West Bengal         |                                                1.53 |                                                     3.12 |
|          | Grand Total         |                                            19966.3  |                                                 17559.8  |