|  Amelanchier confusa - N. Hylander.  
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|  **Common Name**  
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**Family** |  Rosaceae  
**Synonyms**  
**Known Hazards** |  None known  
**Habitats** |  This species is only known from plants naturalised in Sweden, its origin is uncertain[11, 200].  
**Range** |  Europe - S. Sweden.  
**Edibility Rating** |   
**Medicinal Rating**  
**Care**  
  
Summary   
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Physical Characteristics   
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Amelanchier confusa is a deciduous Shrub growing to 3 m (9ft) by 3 m (9ft).   
It is hardy to zone (UK) 5 and is not frost tender. It is in flower in May, and the seeds ripen from Jun to July. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Bees.The plant is self-fertile.   
  
USDA hardiness zone : 4-8  
  
  
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and can grow in heavy clay soil. Suitable pH: acid and neutral soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil.  
Habitats   
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Woodland Garden Sunny Edge; Dappled Shade;  
|  Edible Uses   
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Edible Parts: Fruit.  
Edible Uses:   
  
We have no records for this species, but the fruit is almost certainly edible both raw and cooked[K]. It is 7 - 9mm in diameter[200]. The fruit is rich in iron and copper[226].  
|  Medicinal Uses   
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_Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally._  
  
None known  
|  Other Uses   
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None known  
|  Cultivation details   
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Prefers a rich loamy soil in a sunny position or semi-shade[1, 200] but thrives in any soil that is not too dry or water-logged[11]. Grows well in heavy clay soils. Prefers an acid or neutral soil. All members of this genus have edible fruits and, whilst this is dry and uninteresting in some species, in many others it is sweet and juicy. Many of the species have potential for use in the garden as edible ornamentals. The main draw-back to this genus is that birds adore the fruit and will often completely strip a tree before it is fully ripe[K]. A suckering plant, the suckers are formed very close to the original stem so the plant forms a gradually expanding clump[K]. Plants growing at Hilliers Arboretum in Hampshire were 4 metres tall in early April 1999, they were suckering quite freely in a tight clump and flowering very freely[K]. This species is closely related to A. laevis[11]. Hybridizes freely with other members of this genus[200]. Grafting onto seedlings of A. lamarckii or Sorbus aucuparia is sometimes practised in order to avoid the potential problem of hybridizing[1].  
|  Propagation   
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Seed - it is best harvested 'green', when the seed is fully formed but before the seed coat has hardened, and then sown immediately in pots outdoors or in a cold frame. If stored seed is obtained early enough in the autumn, it can be given 4 weeks warm stratification before being left out in the winter and it should then germinate in the spring. Otherwise seed can be very slow to germinate, perhaps taking 18 months or more. When large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in a sheltered outdoor position, planting them out once they are 20cm or more tall. If there is sufficient seed it is best to sow it thinly in an outdoor seedbed[78, 80]. Grow the seedlings on for two years in the seedbed before planting them out into their permanent positions during the winter. Layering in spring - takes 18 months[78]. Division of suckers in late winter. The suckers need to have been growing for 2 years before you dig them up, otherwise they will not have formed roots. They can be planted out straight into their permanent positions if required.  
|  Botanical References   
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|  [K] **Ken Fern** Notes from observations, tasting etc at Plants For A Future and on field trips. |  |  [1]**F. Chittendon.** RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956   
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Comprehensive listing of species and how to grow them. Somewhat outdated, it has been replaces in 1992 by a new dictionary (see [200]).   
|  [11]**Bean. W.** Trees and Shrubs Hardy in Great Britain. Vol 1 - 4 and Supplement.   
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A classic with a wealth of information on the plants, but poor on pictures.   
|  [78]**Sheat. W. G.** Propagation of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers.   
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A bit dated but a good book on propagation techniques with specific details for a wide range of plants.   
|  [80]**McMillan-Browse. P.** Hardy Woody Plants from Seed.   
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Does not deal with many species but it is very comprehensive on those that it does cover. Not for casual reading.   
|  [200]**Huxley. A.** The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992.   
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Excellent and very comprehensive, though it contains a number of silly mistakes. Readable yet also very detailed.   
|  [226]**Lauriault. J.** Identification Guide to the Trees of Canada   
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Very good on identification for non-experts, the book also has a lot of information on plant uses.