AGRIS - 

2023

Ernane Miranda Lemes | Maria Amélia dos Santos | Lísias Coelho | Samuel Lacerda de Andrade | Aline dos Santos Oliveira | Igor Diniz Pessoa | João Paulo Arantes Rodrigues Cunha

Significant crop losses are due to plant-parasitic nematodes. Nematicides are expensive and potentially toxic to men, the environment, and plants. This study evaluated the hidden phytotoxicity effects of nematicides in soybeans. Two soybean cultivars (8473RSF and M7198IPRO) were evaluated with five nematicide treatments (biological, cadusaphos, abamectin, fluensulfone, and an untreated control) for changes in chlorophylls, biometrics, and spectral (TGI visible spectral index captured with a smartphone camera) variables to determine and anticipate the identification of plant stresses. Evaluations occurred 33, 47, and 66 days after sowing (DAS). The <i>a</i>/<i>b</i> chlorophyll proportion was greatest for M7198IPRO and cadusaphos. The chlorophyll variables did not present significant interactions or differences at 47 DAS, indicating that possible nematicide effects were transient and should be evaluated earlier than 33 DAS. Leaf area, leaf mass, and shoot mass were smaller for 8473RSF and outstanding for abamectin and fluensulfone. The response of the spectral index did not present significant interaction among the factors; however, at 33 and 47 DAS, the index was low for 8473RSF and lowest for cadusaphos only at 33 DAS. The correlations between the spectral index and other variables were significant and moderate for soybean total leaf area. Although no apparent phytotoxicity symptoms caused by nematicides were observed, the visible vegetation index generated using a smartphone camera can still improve crop management solutions.

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Directory of Open Access Journals - Sweden

2023

Ida Di Mola | Spyridon A. Petropoulos | Lucia Ottaiano | Eugenio Cozzolino | Christophe El-Nakhel | Youssef Rouphael | Mauro Mori

The availability of irrigation water of good quality is decreasing due to soil salinization and the deterioration of aquifers. Moreover, ongoing climate change severely affects crop production and necessitates the intensification of cropping systems in order to ensure food security at a global scale. For this purpose, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the mitigating effects of two natural biostimulants on Diplotaxis tenuifolia L. plants cultivated at different salinity levels (EC of 0 dS m<sup>−1</sup>, 2 dS m<sup>−1</sup>, 4 dS m<sup>−1</sup>, and 6 dS m<sup>−1</sup>) and harvested at six consecutive cropping cycles. The tested factors showed a varied combinatorial effect on the tested parameters. These findings indicate the importance of considering growing conditions and cropping periods when applying biostimulants in D. tenuifolia plants under salinity stress. Antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds, such as total phenols, carotenoids, and total ascorbic acid, were variably affected by salinity, biostimulant application, and harvesting time, while mineral profile was also affected by the tested factors depending on the combination of factors. Finally, nitrate content showed decreasing trends with increasing salinity, while biostimulant application resulted in the higher accumulation of nitrates compared to the untreated plants. Although biostimulant application seems to alleviate the negative effects of salinity stress, the effect of growing conditions, as indicated by successive crop cycles, is also important for the response of D. tenuifolia plants to saline conditions and biostimulant application.

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Directory of Open Access Journals - Sweden

2023

Ambra S. Parmagnani | Giuseppe Mannino | Carla Brillada | Mara Novero | Luca Dall’Osto | Massimo E. Maffei

Two-Spotted Spider Mites (TSSMs, Tetranychus urticae Koch 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae)) is one of the most important pests in many crop plants, and their feeding activity is based on sucking leaf cell contents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interaction between TSSMs and their host Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) by analyzing the metabolomics of leaf pigments and the transcriptomics of TSSM guanine production. We also used epifluorescence, confocal laser scanning, and transmission electron microscopies to study the morphology and structure of TSSMs and their excreta. Finally, we evaluated the potential photosynthetic ability of TSSMs and the activity and content of Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxigenase (RubisCO). We found that TSSMs express several genes involved in guanine production, including Guanosine Monophosphate Synthetase (GMPS) and decoyinine (DCY), a potential inhibitor of GMPS, was found to reduce TSSMs proliferation in infested Lima bean leaves. Despite the presence of intact chloroplasts and chlorophyll in TSSMs, we demonstrate that TSSMs do not retain any photosynthetic activity. Our results show for the first time the transcriptomics of guanine production in TSSMs and provide new insight into the catabolic activity of TSSMs on leaf chlorophyll and carotenoids. Finally, we preliminary demonstrate that DCY has an acaricidal potential against TSSMs.

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Directory of Open Access Journals - Sweden

2023

Mistratova, N.A. | Korotchenko, I.S. | Samarokova, A.V.

Black currant (BC) propagation by lignified cuttings to obtain high-quality planting material for one growing season in the forest-steppe zone of the Krasnoyarsk Territory was studied. Three modifications of biogenic ferrihydrite nanoparticles solutions (NS) added with traditional growth hormone were used. The cuttings were soaked in water or treated with indolyl-3-acetic acid (IAA); IAA+ferrihydrite (IAA+Feh); IAA+Co-doped ferrihydrite (IAA+Feh_Co); IAA+ferrihydrite doped with Mn (IAA+Feh_Mn). The study objects were 'Selechenskaya' BC plants. The area of assimilation surface and the leaf pigment compositions were assessed in dynamics. Before planting, black currant cuttings were soaked in nanoparticle solutions (exposure 12 h), then, during the growing season, the leaf surface of rooted cuttings every 14 days were exogenously treated with the same but no IAA NS four times. The results of the leaf pigment concentration determinations and biometric observations during the growing seasons of 2021 and 2022 are presented. It has been established that the maximum concentration of chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids in BC leaves to growing season end was affected by the use of NS of ferrihydrite doped with cobalt and manganese added with IAA. Thus, concentration of chlorophyll a, b increased by 1.3 and 1.6 times, respectively, in the variant with cobalt-doped ferrihydrite nanoparticles compared to the no-treatment variant. The values of the assimilation surface of leaves depended on the climatic parameters of the study year and on the content of photosynthetic pigments in BC leaves. Between leaf blade area and chlorophyll a concentration, a direct relationship was noted (r=0.87), a close relationship: in 2021 between the area of the leaf blade of black currant and the amount of precipitation (r=0.83-0.94), in 2022 between the area of BC leaf blade and air temperature (r=0.85-0.93). The best conditions for leaf assimilation surface formation in 'Selechenskaya' BC are created due to soaking of cuttings and foliar treatment of vegetative plants with ferrihydrite NS doped with cobalt and manganese. | При размножении смородины чёрной (СЧ) одревесневшими черенками для получения качественного посадочного материала за один вегетационный период в лесостепной зоне Красноярского края использовали растворы наночастиц (РНЧ) биогенного ферригидрита с добавлением традиционного гормона роста в 3 модификациях: контроль (замачивание черенков в воде); обработка индолил-3-уксусной кислотой (ИУК); ИУК+ферригидрит (ИУК+Feh); ИУК+ферригидрит, допированный Со (ИУК+Feh_Со); ИУК+ферригидрит, допированный Mn (ИУК+Feh_Mn). Объект – растения СЧ сорта Селеченская. Проведена оценка площади ассимиляционной поверхности и пигментный состав листьев в динамике. Черенки перед посадкой замачивали в РНЧ (экспозиция 12 ч), в течение вегетационного периода проводилась четырехкратная (с интервалом 14 дней) экзогенная обработка листовой поверхности окорененных черенков этими же РНЧ, но без ИУК. Представлены данные по концентрации пигментов в листьях и биометрических наблюдений в динамике вегетационных периодов 2021 и 2022 гг. На максимальную концентрацию в листьях СЧ хлорофилла а и b, каротиноидов к концу периода вегетации повлияло использование РНЧ ферригидрита, допированного Co и Mn с добавлением ИУК. Концентрация хлорофилла а, b увеличилась в 1,3, и 1,6 раз, соответственно, на варианте с РНЧ ферригидрита, допированного Co, по сравнению с контролем. Значения ассимиляционной поверхности листьев зависели от климатических параметров года исследования и от содержания фотосинтетических пигментов в листьях СЧ. Между площадью листовой пластинки и концентрацией хлорофилла а отмечена прямая зависимость (r=0,87). Тесная зависимость выявлена в 2021 г. между площадью листовой пластинки и количеством осадков (r=0,83-0,94), в 2022 г. между площадью листовой пластинки и температурой воздуха (r=0,85-0,93). Лучшие условия для формирования ассимиляционной поверхности листьев СЧ создаются при замачивании черенков и некорневой обработке вегетирующих растений РНЧ ферригидрита, допированного Co и Mn.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

Samojlov, A.V. | Suraeva, N.M. | Zajtseva, M.V.

Thermal methods of cooking legumes significantly increase the quality characteristics of the product but may negatively affect the functional properties. The study purpose was to evaluate the effect of boiling (for 10, 30 and 60 min), steaming (for 10 and 30 min) and microwave cooking (for 4 min) on the microstructure of green pea seeds. The packaged frozen product was used in the work. Light microscopy of cytological preparations of seed coat cells (hypoderm) and cotyledon storage tissue (parenchyma) was carried out. The effect of 3 types of heat treatment of frozen green peas was evaluated in terms of the identified microstructural changes in the cells of the hypodermis and parenchyma. After defrosting peas (control), plastids with chlorophyll in the hypodermis cells were bright green in color, iodine-stained rounded starch grains present in the parenchyma cells had clear boundaries. When seeds were boiled for 10 and 30 min, as well as processed in a microwave oven, the amount of chlorophyll in the plastids of hypodermal cells did not decrease, and the bright green color of these organelles was preserved. After boiling for 1 h, this pigment was partially lost in the samples. The maximum negative microstructural changes occurred in the peas during steaming. Change in the color of plastids to olive was noted in these samples. It is an indicator of conversion of chlorophylls a and b into pheophytins and pyropheophytins. The progressive process of increasing the volume of starch grains until they merge with each other began after 30 min of boiling and 10 min of steaming the peas. The effect of microwave treatment was associated not only with starch gelatinization, but also with the destruction of cell walls. The optimal method of heat treatment of peas is boiling for 10 min. In this case, the pigments are well preserved, and the glycemic index of the product does not increase in comparison with the raw material. | Термические способы приготовления зерна бобовых культур значительно повышают качественные характеристики продукта, но могут негативно влиять на функциональные свойства. Цель исследования - оценка влияния отваривания (10, 30 и 60 мин), обработки паром (10 и 30 мин) и воздействия волн СВЧ (4 мин) на микроструктуру семян зеленого гороха. В работе использовали пакетированный замороженный продукт. Проведена световая микроскопии цитологических препаратов клеток оболочки семян (гиподерма) и запасающей ткани семядолей (паренхима). Влияние трех видов тепловой обработки замороженного зеленого гороха оценивали с точки зрения выявленных микроструктурных изменений в клетках гиподермы и паренхимы. После размораживания гороха (контроль) пластиды с хлорофиллом в клетках гиподермы были ярко-зеленого цвета, окрашенные йодом округлые зерна крахмала, присутствующие в клетках паренхимы, имели четкие границы. При кипячении в течение 10 и 30 мин, а также СВЧ-обработке, количество хлорофилла в пластидах гиподермальных клеток не уменьшилось, их ярко-зеленый цвет сохранился. После отваривания в течение 1 ч этот пигмент в образцах был частично утрачен. Максимальные негативные микроструктурные изменения происходили в горохе в процессе его обработки на пару. В этих образцах была отмечена смена цвета пластид на оливковый, что свидетельствовало о преобразовании хлорофиллов a и b в феофитины и пирофеофитины. Прогрессирующий процесс увеличения объема крахмальных зерен вплоть до их слияния друг с другом начинался после 30 мин кипячения и 10 мин обработки паром гороха. Влияние СВЧ-нагрева было связано не только с клейстеризацией крахмала, но и с разрушением клеточных стенок. Оптимальным способом термической обработки гороха признано отваривание в течение 10 мин. В этом случае пигменты хорошо сохраняются, а гликемический индекс продукта по сравнению с сырьем не увеличивается.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

В.В. Стасова | Л.Н. Скрипальщикова | Н.В. Астраханцева | А.П. Барченков

Изучено содержание фотосинтетических пигментов в листьях березы повислой (Betula pendula Roth.) в условиях техногенных нагрузок и в фоновых условиях. Исследования проводили в березняках разнотравного типа леса в пригородной зоне г. Красноярска. Древостои, испытывающие техногенные нагрузки, расположены к востоку от города по направлению основного переноса воздушных масс, фоновые – в северном и западном направлениях от города, техногенная нагрузка на эти древостои минимальна. Содержание фотосинтетических пигментов определяли в этанольных экстрактах, расчет проводили на 1 г абсолютно сухой массы листьев. Аккумуляцию пыли листовой поверхностью оценивали по методике Ж. Детри (1973). В промытых листьях определяли содержание ионов цинка, свинца, алюминия и фтора. Показано, что содержание хлорофилла а в листьях берез из условно чистых мест произрастания несколько ниже, чем в листьях из древостоев, подвергающихся техногенным нагрузкам. Содержание хлорофилла b в листьях берез из разных мест произрастания оказалось в 2,5–3 раза ниже, чем хлорофилла а, и сопоставимо с содержанием каротиноидов. Общее содержание хлорофиллов колебалось от 5,4 до 7,3 мг/г абсолютно сухой массы, соотношение форм хлорофиллов – от 2,5 до 3, отношение суммы содержания хлорофиллов к суммарному содержанию каротиноидов – от 3,4 до 3,8. При увеличении пылевой нагрузки росло содержание всех фотосинтетических пигментов. Накопление ионов цинка в клетках листа березы отрицательно сказывалось на содержании пигментов, особенно хлорофилла а, но с соотношением пигментов не коррелировало. Значимой корреляции содержания свинца и фотосинтетических пигментов не установлено. При увеличении концентрации алюминия в листьях количество хлорофиллов и каротиноидов достоверно возрастало, связи уровня алюминия с соотношением пигментов не обнаружено. Между содержанием фтора в листовой массе и количеством разных форм хлорофилла достоверных корреляций не найдено. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют об адаптивной реакции фотосинтетического аппарата на присутствие поллютантов в концентрациях ниже пороговых значений. Для цитирования: Стасова В.В., Скрипальщикова Л.Н., Астраханцева Н.В., Барченков А.П. Фотосинтетические пигменты в листьях березы повислой при техногенном воздействии // Изв. вузов. Лесн. журн. 2023. № 3. С. 35–47. https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-3-35-47 | The content of photosynthetic pigments in silver birch leaves (Betula pendula Roth.) is studied in areas with technogenic load and in baseline conditions. The research is performed in a forb type of birch forest in the suburbs of Krasnoyarsk. The wood stands exposed to a high level of technogenic pressure are located to the east of the city in the prevailing direction of air mass movement. The reference stands are under the least technogenic pollution and grow in western and northern areas of the city. The photosynthetic pigments are determined in ethanol extracts, calculated per 1 g of absolute dry mass (a.d.m.) of the leaves. A level of dust deposition on leaf surfaces is evaluated according to the method of J. Detrie (1973). The amounts of zinc, lead, aluminum, and fluorine ions are estimated in the washed leaves. It is found that the content of chlorophyll a inside the birch leaves from a relatively clean environment is slightly lower compared to the concentration in the leaves with the technogenic load. The chlorophyll b concentration is 2.5–3 times less than chlorophyll a and is close to the amount of carotenoids. The total chlorophyll content in birch leaves from different locations ranges from 5.4 to 7.3 mg/g a.d.m., the ratio of chlorophyll forms varies from 2.5 to 3, the proportion of net chlorophyll to carotenoids is between 3.4 and 3.8. As the level of dust increases, the content of the total photosynthetic pigments also rises. The accumulation of zinc ions in the birch leaf cells has a negative effect on pigment content, especially chlorophyll a, but doesn’t correlate with the ratio of the pigments. There has not been any correlation found between the lead and the photosynthetic pigments. It is noted that the rise in the concentration of aluminum significantly affects the contents of the chlorophylls and the carotenoids, while no relationship has been discovered between the concentration of aluminum and the proportion of the pigments. The relationship between fluorine and different forms of chlorophyll is absent as well. The results indicate the adaptive response of the photosynthetic system to the presence of pollutants in concentrations below the threshold values that are indicated in the literature. For citation: Stasova V.V., Skripal’shchikova L.N., Astrakhantseva N.V., Barchenkov A.P. Photosynthetic Pigments in Silver Birch Leaves (Betula pendula Roth.) with Technogenic Load. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 3, pp. 35–47. (In Russ.). https:// doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-3-35-47

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Northern (Arctic) Federal University - Russian Federation

2023

Emilia Bernaś | Jacek Słupski | Piotr Gębczyński | Katarína Ražná | Jana Žiarovská

In Poland, the mountainous and hilly regions until recently were territories with unbalanced and poor diet quality, especially in early spring. Wild edible plants were or remain influential in supplementing a human diet. One of the earliest wild edible plants to appear in the growing season, characteristic of a broad swath of Europe from Ukraine to Germany, remains wild (ramsons) garlic (<i>Allium ursinum</i> L.). This paper assesses the impact of the vegetation site and preservation methods on the content of chlorophylls, β-carotene, vitamin C, total polyphenols, and antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP) of wild garlic leaves. In addition, the connection between its genome pattern and chemical composition was assessed. The plants were collected in three locations in the Carpathian foothills, and the reference sample was plants collected in the lowlands. The site from which the raw material was harvested has a statistically significant effect on the chemical composition of the preserved leaves of wild garlic. The profiles of the analysed components differed in the material from a different site. Wild garlic leaves from mountainous areas (400–600 m above sea level) were characterized by a higher content of the analysed ingredients than leaves obtained from lowland sites (200 m above sea level). Moreover, the material from the lowlands had a different genetic pattern from the leaves from the mountainous areas.

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Directory of Open Access Journals - Sweden

2023

Dalyan, Eda

This study investigated thiram fungicide-induced-stress effects in tomato plants and the possible protective role of 24-epibrassinolide (24-EBL) in response to thiram (tetramethyl thiuram disulfide) toxicity. Tomato seedlings pretreated with 0, 10-11, 10-9 and 10-7 M 24-EBL were treated with 6.6 mM thiram. Tomato leaves harvested 5 and 11 days after thiram treatment (DAT) were used for analysis. Thiram application caused oxidative stress by increased hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels, whereas the chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid amounts and total protein content decreased. In addition, the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase decreased in the thiram-treated tomato plants on DAT 5 and 11 while pesticide detoxification enzymes (peroxidase and glutathione- S-transferase) activities increased. The thiram-induced oxidative stress was alleviated after pretreatments with different concentrations of 24-EBL. The hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels decreased and the amounts of photosynthetic pigments and total protein content increased after 24-EBL pretreatments. In addition, the activities of antioxidant enzymes and pesticide detoxification enzymes further increased as the concentration of 24-EBL decreased in tomato under thiram stress, and the most effective concentration was determined as 10-11 M 24-EBL. The results suggested that 24-EBL could effectively alleviate thiram-induced phytotoxicity in tomato plants.

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Matica Srpska Library - Serbia

2023

Bojović, Mirjana | Mrkonjić, Zorica | Srećkov, Zorana | Racić, Gordana | Prorok, Vedrana | Radić, Danka | Panković, Dejana

Summary The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of different Trichoderma spp. treatments (T1: Trichoderma harzianum, T2: Trichoderma brevicompactum, and T3: T1 + T2) on two tomato cultivars (‘Narvik’ and ‘Gružanski zlatni’) by the non-destructive monitoring of chlorophyll (Chl) and epidermal flavonol (Flav) indices and nitrogen balance index (NBI) in their leaves. The main objectives were to compare the responses of tomato cultivars considered (grown in a greenhouse) to different Trichoderma strains and a combination of Trichoderma strains. Variations in the Chl, Flav, and NBI values obtained were significantly influenced by nearly all the factors examined (namely the tomato cultivar, experimental week, and treatment), the interaction of which was found significant for all the parameters analyzed. The results obtained indicate that the combinations of strains in the T3 treatment markedly enhanced the Chl content in the ‘Narvik’ cultivar in some experimental weeks. Moreover, reduced NBI values were determined in the Trichoderma-treated ‘Narvik’ plants due to the increased flavonol content, which indicates a shift from primary to secondary metabolism. Further research, including the same cultivars and treatments, is warranted under field conditions to evaluate the physiological responses of the ‘Narvik’ and ‘Gružanski zlatni’ tomato cultivars in a multiple-stressor environment.

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Matica Srpska Library - Serbia

2023

Zanilov, A.Kh. | Taov, R.Kh. | Aznaeva, M.R. | Khashkhozhev, I.T. | Bakuev, Zh.Kh. | Satibalov, A.V.

Soil microorganisms play an important role in the soil substance transformation. To assess the degree of bioactivity, the bio-organo–mineral complex AKM effect on the intensity of the substrate-induced soil respiration of the near-root zone of trees has been analyzed. The mineral part (80%) of AKM is represented by natural ore serpentinite containing 15.1% magnesium, and the organic component is brown coal (20%). The research was carried out in the conditions of the foothill fruit zone of horticulture of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic in an intensive type orchard involving 'Gala Schnigored' apple trees, in 3-fold replication of 10 trees in each variant. The biological activity in the soil was determined by the substrate-induced respiration method. The chlorophyll content in the leaves was determined at 4 time points. The positive AKM effect on the growth of chlorophyll content in apple leaves has been established, where the beginning of increase (36.5%) is noted 33 days after fertilization (control – 0.395, variant – 0.539), in subsequent periods this trend persists: 31.8% – July 9 (control 0.561, variant 0.726) and 4.8% - July 18 (0.458 – 0.489). The research results confirm the existence of a relation between the concentration of chlorophyll in leaves and repformance. The additional yield (4,400 kg) was formed mainly due to the setting of fruits on the upper layer. The AKM complex is an agent of bioactivation of the soil. It is expressed in an increase in soil respiration during the growing season by 8.8-45.5%. The magnesium contained in the complex provides an increase in the suction force due to an increase in the concentration of chlorophyll (4.8-36.5%) and the intensity of photosynthesis, which ultimately leads to an increase in the availability of mineral nutrients necessary for fruit trees. The importance of using magnesium fertilizers is associated not only with the ability to increase crop yields, but also with the ability to produce physiologically more valuable products, that can be used in the population health conservation programs for the diseases prevention, including endemic ones. | Почвенные микроорганизмы играют важную роль в преобразовании веществ в почве. Для оценки степени биоактивности провели анализ влияния био-органо-минерального комплекса АКМ на интенсивность субстрат индуцированного дыхания почвы околокорневой зоны деревьев. Минеральная часть (80%) АКМ представлена природной рудой серпентинитом, содержащим 15,1% магния, а органический компонент – бурым углём (20%). Исследования выполнены в условиях предгорной плодовой зоны садоводства Кабардино-Балкарской республики в саду интенсивного типа на сорте Гала Шнигоред, в 3-кратной повторности, по 10 деревьев в каждом варианте. Биологическую активность почвы устанавливали методом субстрат индуцированного дыхания. Содержание хлорофилла в листьях определяли в 4-х временных точках. Установлено положительное влияние АКМ на рост содержания хлорофилла в листьях яблони, где начало повышения (36,5%) отмечается через 33 дня после внесения удобрения (контроль – 0,395, вариант – 0,539), в последующие отрезки тенденция сохраняется: 31,8% – 9 июля (контроль 0,561, вариант 0,726) и 4,8% –18 июля (0,458 – 0,489). Результаты исследований подтверждают наличие связи между концентрацией хлорофилла в листьях и продуктивностью. Дополнительный объём урожая (4400 кг) был сформирован преимущественно благодаря завязыванию плодов на верхнем ярусе. Комплекс АКМ является средством биоактивации почвы, что выражается в росте дыхания почвы в течение вегетации на 8,8-45,5%. Содержащийся в АКМ магний обеспечивает увеличение всасывающей силы за счёт повышения концентрации хлорофилла (4,8-36,5%) и интенсивности фотосинтеза, что повышает доступность необходимых для плодовых деревьев минеральных элементов питания. Важность использования магниевых удобрений связана не только с возможностью повысить урожайность с.-х. культур, но и с возможностью произвести более ценную физиологически продукцию, которая может быть использована в программах сбережения здоровья населения, для профилактики заболеваний, в т. ч. эндемичных.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation