AGRIS - 

Data provenance by Country

2014

Pikun,P.T. | Borovik,A.A.

In a course of the research there was studied the influence of organic and phosphate-potassium fertilizers in yield removal and accumulation of plant nutrition elements in soil by estern galega cultivated for seeds. The research was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. As a result of realized research there was revealed that the highest removal and the accumulation of plant nutrition elements were provided by the application of 50 t manure per hectare and phosphate- potassium fertilizers in the dose of P60K90. At the end of the vegetation period of the sixth year, the content of nitrogen in a plough layer was 302-325 kg/ha. phosphorus and potassium contents were 99.4-102 and 169-179 kg/ha, respectively. However, on cohesive sandy loam soils of Polesje zone of Belarus under the conditions of sufficient moisture, lodging of seed grass stands was marked at the application of 50 t manure per hectare before seed plot establishment and annual use of P60K90.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2014

Bobrovnik,A.I.

Belarus&#039 | БЕЛАРУС&#039 | In course of the research there were analyzed the modes of distributing working units for fertilization and finding ways to improve the operational performance of machines-tractor aggregates for fertilizer application by improving the tractor PTO. The research was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. Realized experimental study of kinematic and dynamic parameters of the two-threaded PTO drive through the planetary gear-driven hydraulic motor confirmed the benefits of this design to stabilize the speed PTO. Trend speed of the drive shaft was completely compensated by the increase speed gear driven motor. The calculated cross-correlation functions of fluctuations in speed gearbox and PTO showed that the maximum value of the correlation coefficient was observed at zero lag (offset) of these two processes in time, due to the design of the drive. Oscillation spectrum of hydraulic pressure was completely similar to the spectra of oscillations of kinematic parameters. Vibrational element in the system was a planetary gear and hydraulic. There was developed and tested a two-speed rear independent PTO tractor &#039 | Выполнен анализ эксплуатационных показателей мобильных агрегатов для внесения различных видов удобрений. Показано несовершенство системы отбора мощности тракторов. Разработаны и проведены испытания стабилизированного и экономичного валов отбора мощности тракторов &#039 | 3522, which made it possible to transfer of torque without breaking the power flow to a higher or economical transmission, provide fuel economy.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2014

Lapa,V.V. | Nichiporuk,A.G.

In course of the research there was studied the dependence of yield and quality of roots and rhizomes of Valeriana officinalis from the use of micronutrients, entered at different dates by foliar application. The field experiments were realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus in 2011-2012 in the Grodno region on sod-podzolic sandy loam soil. As a result of realized research there were revealed that For obtaining the maximum productivity of roots and rhizomes of common valerian (46.4 c/ha) and the biggest quantity of extractive substances from the unit of area (13.1 c/ha) it was necessary to carry out not root additional fertilizing by microelements in 3 terms, in the third decade of June, in the third decade of July and in the third decade of August. It was recommended to bring 3 microelements -B100Cu100Zn100 in chelate forms with every additional fertilizing. | Для получения максимальной урожайности корней и корневищ валерианы лекарственной (46,4 ц/га) и наибольшего сбора экстрактивных веществ с единицы площади (13,1 ц/га) необходимо проводить некорневые подкормки микроэлементами в 3 срока: в 3 декаде июня, в 3 декаде июля и в 3 декаде августа. В каждую подкормку рекомендуется вносить 3 микроэлемента – B100Cu100Zn100 в хелатных формах.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2014

Melnikov,S.S. | Manankina,E.E. | Samovich,T.V. | Kozel,N.V. | Shalygo,N.V.

Chlorella represents the algae actively used in industrial biotechnology. Biomass of the algae contains vitamins, amino acids, phenols, cytokinins, sterins, auxins, poly-saturated fatty acids. Chlorella is widely used in agricultural production for producing of feed additive, fertilizer and silage making. Biotechnological production and laboratory cultivation of chlorella requires high expenses for lighting and culture mediums. Decline of the expenditures for chlorella production appears the main problem of the article. The article analyzes the possibility of optimizing of growing conditions of chlorella using culture medium on the basis of complex fertilizers, which is cheaper and simpler in terms of process, as well as modifying the lighting conditions of algae, which will reduce the cost of its production. The object of the research appears Chlorella vulgaris, strain IBCE C-19, cultivated on culture medium containing Kristalon mineral fertilizers of 3 compositions. Productivity of chlorella biomass and content of chlorophyll (a+b) and carotenoids while growing on mineral fertilizer Kristalon has been analyzed. The dynamics of chlorella’s biomass accumulation during 16 day has been measured. Electricity consumption for chlorella algae growing in different regimes has been evaluated. The most efficient variant of chlorella growing has been suggested. | Показана возможность оптимизации условий выращивания хлореллы за счет использования более дешевой и простой с точки зрения технологического процесса питательной среды на основе комплексных минеральных удобрений Kristalon, а также путем модификации условий освещения водоросли, что позволит снизить затраты на ее производство.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2014

Milosta,G.M. | Nichiporuk,A.G. | Rupasova,Zh.A. | Vasileuskaya,T.I. | Krynitskaya,N.B. | Bubnova,A.M. | Varavina,N.P.

Приведены результаты исследования влияния некорневых обработок растений валерианы лекарственной борными, медными и цинковыми микроудобрениями на фоне совместного внесения 60 т/га навоза и Nl35 Р60 К120 на биохимический состав корня в рамках полевого опыта на дерново-подзолистой супесчаной почве. Показано, что обработки микроудобрениями практически не повлияли на содержание в нем углеводов, особенно растворимых Сахаров, но при этом способствовали преимущественному обогащению фенолкарбоно-выми кислотами на 7-41 %, наиболее существенному при использовании медных и цинковых микроудобрений, дубильными веществами на 6-17 %, Р-витаминами на 13-25 %, в том числе катехинами на 5-26 %, наиболее значительному при использовании полного комплекса микроудобрений, лейкоантоцианами на 13-65 %, особенно при использовании медных микроудобрений, но вместе с тем приводили к обеднению сырьевого объекта флавонолами на 9-37 %, наиболее выраженному при совместном использовании медных и цинковых микроудобрений. Установлено, что наиболее эффективным в плане улучшения качества лекарственного сырья корня валерианы по биохимическому составу оказалось раздельное использование медных и цинковых микроудобрений, а также совместное применение борных и цинковых микроудобрений. Наименее же эффективным в эксперименте оказалось раздельное использование борных микроудобрений и совместное применение борных и медных, а также медных и цинковых микроудобрений. | Foliar treatment of plants with micronutrients directly influences physiological processes and biochemical composition of treated plants. Increase of the quality of medicinal plant raw material, in particular, Valeriana officinalis, appears a serious scientific problem. In the course of the research there has been carried out the evaluation of foliar treatment of vegetating plants of Valeriana officinalis with micronutrients and its influence of accumulation of carbohydrates and phenolic compounds in the roots. The effect of foliar treatment of Valeriana officinalis with bornite, copper and zinc micronutrient fertilizers on the background of the joint application of manure (60 t/ha) and N135P60K120 on the biochemical composition of the root of valerian plants on the sod-podzolic sandy loam soil has been presented. It is shown a weak influence on the agronomic testing of the content of carbohydrates, especially soluble sugars and a highly significant accumulation of phenolic compounds, especially leucoanthocyanins. It has been stated that the most effective direction of improving of the quality of medicinal raw material of valerian root according the biochemical composition appear separate use of copper and zinc micronutrients, as well as the combined use of boron and zinc micronutrients, while the least efficient – separate use of boron micronutrients and combined application of boron and copper, as well as copper and zinc micronutrients.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2014

Stepuk,L.Ya. | Begun,P.P. | Zheshko,A.A.

The article describes the types of manure received on cattle-breeding complexes of the republic and the methods of its aplication are presented. The problem of application of semi-fluid manure and the way of its solution using MPN-16 machine and its onstruction and operation. | В статье представлены виды навоза, получаемого на животноводческих комплексах республики, и техника для его внесения. Показаны проблема внесения полужидкого навоза и способ ее решения посредством машины МПН-16. Описаны ее устройство и работа.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2014

Bosak,V.N. | Koloskova,T.V.

In the researches on the sod-podzolic loamy sandy soil the use of mineral fertilizers N10–70P40K90 has increased the productivity of soya bean variety Pripyat on 6,2–17,8 c/ha with a total productivity in fertilized variants 1,80–2,96 c/ha, payback 1 kg of NPK 4, 4-9,3 kg of grain, with the content of crude protein 26,5–33,1%, fat 17,0–20,2% with the best indicators of productivity in the variant with applying of N50P40K90 in pre-sowing cultivation. The use of microelements (manganese, boron, molybdenum and liquid complex fertilizer) has increased the productivity of soya bean by 0,18–0,37 c/ha, the content of crude protein by 2,8-5,1%. | В исследованиях на дерново-подзолистой супесчаной почве применение минеральных удобрений увеличило урожайность зерна сои сорта Припять на 6,2-17,8 ц/га при общей урожайности в удобренных вариантах 18,0-29,6 ц/га, окупаемости 1 кг NPK 4,4-9,3 кг зерна, со-держании сырого белка 26,5-33,1%, жира – 17,0-20,2% с лучшими показателями продуктивности в варианте с внесением в предпосевную культивацию N50P40K90. Некорневая обработка посевов сои в фазу бутонизации микроудобрениями (борная кислота, молибдат аммония, сульфат марганца, жидкое комплексное удобрение для бобовых) способствовала дополнительному сбору зерна -1,8-3,7 ц/га при увеличении содержания сырого белка на 2,8-5,1%.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2014

Bobrik,I.E.

The article presents the results of studies of germinating power, overwintering and the quantity of productive stalks in winter triticale, the soil cultivation methods and level of nitrogen fertilizer application on crops of winter triticale. Germination of winter triticale seeds on average over years of research was at the level 71,1-76,1%, that has provided density of plants 320-343 pcs/m2. Number of seedlings by direct seeding was lower than on ploughing at 11-18 pcs/m2. Higher germination of winter triticale was against the background of leguminous predecessor.The leguminous predecessor on the impact on the rewintering plants winter triticale yielded cruciferous and cereal. Rewintering of blue lupine made both on ploughing, and on direct crops of 68,7 %. On spring rape and oats this indicator on the background of ploughing was above on 4,3 and 4,6 %, and on direct crops - on 1,9 and 2,6 % accordingly. After specified predecessors, unlike field germination of seeds, rewintering of winter triticale plants was higher on the background of direct crops. It is established that at direct sowing the viability of a winter triticale was lower, but plants withstood wintering conditions better. The quantity of productive stalks increased by 12,5-27,3% at increase of doses of applied nitric fertilizers, optimisation of predecessors - 7,3-16,1 %, soil tillage - 0,8-9,1 % | В статье изложены результаты исследований по изучению влияния на всхожесть, перезимовку и количество продуктивных стеблей в посевах озимой тритикале предшествующей культуры, обработки почвы и уровня применения азотных удобрений. Полевая всхожесть семян озимой тритикале в среднем за годы исследований находилась на уровне 71,1-76,1%, что обеспечило густоту растений 320-343 шт./м2. По прямому посеву количество всходов было ниже, чем по вспашке на 11-18 шт./м2. Более высокая всхожесть озимой тритикале была на фоне зернобобового предшественника. Зернобобовый предшественник по влиянию на перезимовку растений озимой тритикале уступал крестоцветному и зерновому. По люпину узколистному перезимовка этой культуры составляла как по вспашке, так и по прямому посеву 68,7%. По рапсу яровому и овсу этот показатель на фоне вспашки был выше на 4,3 и 4,6%, а по прямому посеву – на 1,9 и 2,6% соответственно. После указанных выше предшественников, в отличие от полевой всхожести семян, перезимовка растений озимой тритикале была выше на фоне прямого посева. Установлено, что при прямом посеве всхожесть озимой тритикале была ниже, но растения лучше переносили условия зимовки. Количество продуктивных стеблей увеличивалось на 12,5-27,3% при повышении доз вносимых азотных удобрений, оптимизации предшественников – 7,3-16,1%, обработки почвы – 0,8-9,1%

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2014

Mikhailovskaya,N.A. | Barashenka,T.B. | Dyusova,S.V. | Pikun,P.T. | Zhila,G.V.

In course of the research there was studied the effect of bacterial fertilizer Azobakterin on productivity and accumulation of 137Cs and 90Sr in perennial cereal grasses, identify the key factors of its positive effect on the quality of the herbs in the cultivation on sod-podzolic sandy loam soils contaminated with radionuclides. The research was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. As a result of realized research there were revealed in the field experiments that the application of biofertilizer Azobacterin (A. brasilense B4485) on contaminated sod-podzolic sandy loam soils resulted in the increase of perennial grasses yield and reduction of 137Cs and 90Sr accumulation in dry mass of grasses. Main factors of positive Azobacterin influence on perennial grass quality were discussed. | В полевых экспериментах показано, что применение бактериального удобрения Азобактерин (A. brasilense В4485) повышало урожайность многолетних злаковых трав и снижало аккумуляцию радионуклидов 137Cs и 90Sr в продукции. Рассмотрены основные факторы положительного действия Азобактерина на качество многолетних трав при возделывании на дерново-подзолистых супесчаных почвах, загрязненных радионуклидами.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2014

Kartyzhova,L.E. | Semyonova,I.V. | Korolyonok,N.V. | Aleschenkova,Z.M. | Romanova,L.V.

Productivity of soy bean directly depends on inoculation of seeds with specific root bacteria Bradyrhizhobium japonicum. Deficiency of the bacteria in soils requires selection of symbiotic active strains of bacteria and development of resource-saving technologies of biofertilizers’ receiving. The main goal of the research presented in the article appears development of the technology of biofertilizer SoyaRhiz, used for effective soy cultivation in the Republic of Belarus. The most efficient competitive strain of slow-growing nodulating bacteria Bradyrhizhobium japonicum 84 KL possessing growth-promoting and nitrogen-fixing activities has been isolated and selected from nodules of Glycine max, cultivated in Belarus. Technological parameters and conditions for submerged fermentation of a new bacterial strain have been defined, and survival rate of the strain during storage in liquid culture and upon immobilization on substrate-carrier has been examined. It has been found that pre-sowing inoculation of soy seeds with biofertilizer SoyaRhiz promotes rise in soy seed productivity stimulated by mineral P50K120 supply by 7.8 c/ha, 5.4 % increase in seed protein content, accumulation of ammonium nitrogen in soil in amount of 4.3-6.3 mg/kg with concomitant fall of nitrate nitrogen level by 60-70 %. | Из клубеньков Glycine max, возделываемой в Беларуси, выделен и отобран наиболее эффективный, обладающий ростстимулирующей и азотфиксирующей активностью, конкурентоспособный штамм медленнорастущих клубеньковых бактерий B.japonicum 84 KL. Оптимизированы условия глубинного культивирования, изучена выживаемость штамма при хранении в жидкой культуре и на субстрате-носителе. Установлено, что предпосевная инокуляция семян сои биоудобрением СояРиз способствовала повышению урожайности семян сои на фоне Р50K120 на 7,8 ц/га, увеличению содержания белка в семенах на 5,4 %, накоплению в почве аммиачного азота в количестве 4,3-6,3 мг/кг, снижению содержания нитратного азота на 60-70 %.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus