AGRIS - 

Data provenance by Country

2021

Zhantlesova S.D.

Probiotic products are a group of functional food with a growing market share and significant commercial interest. The useof immobilization technology helps to increase the viability of probiotic cells both in food products and during their passagethrough the gastrointestinal tract. The current study analyzes the criteria for the use of probiotic microorganisms and describesthe advantages and methods of immobilization technology in the food industry aimed at increasing cell viability. The author ofthe study examines different natural materials for the immobilization of cells as well as provides examples of using thetechnology of immobilization of probiotic microorganisms in the creation of functional food.

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Marina Sokolova Publishings - Russian Federation

2019

Chernopol'skaya, N.L. | Gavrilova, N.B., Omsk State Agrarian Univ.

One of the most important categories of specialized food products are products for people who regularly makes physical exercises. The resistance of the athlete's body to stressful situations significantly is imcreasedwith a rational diet. The aim of this research is scientific justification and experimental development of biotechnology of fermented milk on the base of product enriched in functional ingredients for the nutrition of athletes. Because of analytical and experimental study, there are scientifically grounded the type and composition of the components that are correcting the composition of the new product, their modification by complete or partial hydrolysis of whey proteins and immobilization of the lactic acid and bifid bacteria associations in the gel of biopolymers in the presence of a prebiotic. The process of obtaining whey protein concentrate was developed. As components correcting the carbohydrate composition of the product there were selected fructose and maltodextrin. To regulate the process of muscle building, creatine monohydrate was selected. The obtained results of this study allowed proving scientifically and developing the component structure and biotechnological parameters of production of the specialized product which component structure meets the regulatory requirements imposed to products for athletes' food at a ratio – proteins: fats: carbohydrates as 1:1:4. The product is also enriched in essential amino acids, peptides through the use of whey hydrolysate and probiotic microorganisms: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus lactis subsp. cremoris, Lactobacillus lactis subsp. diacetilactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, which increases its digestibility and normalizes the gastrointestinal tract microflora of the athlete. The novelty of the technical solution is described in the patent for an invention of the Russian Federation No 2538151 | Одной из важнейших категорий специализированных пищевых продуктов являются продукты для лиц, систематически занимающихся спортом. Устойчивость организма спортсмена к стрессовым ситуациям существенно повышается при рациональном питании. Цель исследований – научное обоснование и экспериментальная разработка биотехнологии ферментированного продукта на основе молока, обогащенного функциональными ингредиентами, для питания спортсменов. В результате аналитической и экспериментальной работы научно обоснованы вид и состав компонентов, корригирующих состав нового продукта, их модификация путем полного или частичного гидролиза сывороточных белков и иммобилизация ассоциации молочнокислых и бифидобактерий в гель биополимеров в присутствии пребиотика; разработан процесс получения сывороточного белкового концентрата, в качестве компонентов, корректирующих углеводный состав продукта, выбраны фруктоза и мальтодекстрин, для регулирования процесса наращивания мышечной массы – креатин моногидрат. Полученные результаты исследований позволили научно обосновать, практически разработать компонентный состав и биотехнологические параметры производства специализированного продукта, компонентный состав которого соответствует нормативным требованиям, предъявляемым к продуктам для питания спортсменов по соотношению белки: жиры: углеводы как 1:1:4. Продукт также обогащен незаменимыми аминокислотами, пептидами за счет использования сывороточного гидролизата и пробиотическими микроорганизмами: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus lactis subsp. cremoris, Lactobacillus lactis subsp. diacetilactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium longum, что повышает его усвояемость и нормализует микрофлору желудочно-кишечного тракта спортсмена. Новизна технического решения отражена в патенте на изобретение РФ № 2538151.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2019

Mironova, T.E., Novosibirsk State Agrarian Univ.

Methods of binding antibacterial drugs to the surface of cellulose without the use of oxidizing agents to prevent the occurrence of wound infections have been studied. The immobilization of gentamicin in the complex of partially denatured albumin in the composition with bacterial cellulose (BC) has been analyzed. The study was carried out on samples of BC synthesized by Gluconacetobacter hansenii. BC samples were impregnated with albumin as a binding component, which were then denatured. Using PCR amplification CFX (BioRad), the optimal denaturation temperature was selected. The effectiveness of the immobilization of albumin in the thickness of the BC was assessed by staining it with the luminescent dye SYPRO Ruby Protein Gel Stain, followed by transilluminator detection. Bacterial cellulose impregnated with undenatured albumin was used as a control. Albumin immobilization in bacterial cellulose was observed at temperatures of 65–95 deg C. The antibacterial activity of the complex "cellulose + albumin + gentamicin" was evaluated using a test strain of bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The growth inhibition of the test strain of bacteria was observed in all tests with BC in combination with partially denatured albumin and gentamicin. In control samples, in which gentamicin was not immobilized as part of partially denatured albumin, growth inhibition zones of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 were not noted. It was concluded that by partial denaturation of albumin it is possible to delay antibacterial drugs in the thickness of BC for their further release. A new version of the material suitable for the production of implants and bandages based on BC gel with antibacterial properties is proposed. Dressings based on a composite of BC, albumin and gentamicin are most relevant for the treatment of burns. The presence of gentamicin in their composition is also relevant for the prevention of bacterial infections. | Изучены способы связывания антибактериальных препаратов с поверхностью целлюлозы без применения окислителей для предотвращения возникновения раневой инфекции. Исследована иммобилизация гентамицина в комплексе частично денатурированного альбумина в составе с бактериальной целлюлозой (БЦ). Исследование проводили на образцах БЦ, синтезируемой Gluconacetobacter hansenii. Альбумином как связующим компонентом пропитывали образцы БЦ, которые затем подвергали денатурации. При помощи ПЦР амплификатора CFX (BioRad) подбирали оптимальную температуру денатурации. Оценку эффективности иммобилизации альбумина в толще БЦ проводили путем его окрашивания люминесцентным красителем SYPRO Ruby Protein Gel Stain с последующей детекцией при помощи трансиллюминатора. В качестве контроля использовали БЦ, пропитанную неденатурированным альбумином. Иммобилизация альбумина в составе БЦ отмечена при температуре 65–95 град. С. Антибактериальную активность комплекса "БЦ + альбумин + гентамицин" оценивали с использованием тест-штамма бактерий Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Угнетение роста тест-штамма бактерий наблюдали во всех тестах с БЦ с комплексом частично денатурированного альбумина и гентамицина. В контрольных образцах, в которых гентамицин не был иммобилизирован в составе частично денатурированного альбумина, зоны задержек роста Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 не отмечены. Сделан вывод Путем частичной денатурации альбумина возможно проводить задержку антибактериальных препаратов в толще БЦ для дальнейшего их высвобождения. Предложен новый вариант материала, пригодного для изготовления имплантов, повязок на основе геля БЦ с антибактериальными свойствами. Повязки на основе композита БЦ, альбумина и гентамицина наиболее актуальны для лечения ожогов. Наличие гентамицина в их составе также востребовано для профилактики бактериальных инфекций.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2018

Gavrilova, N.B. | Chernopol'skaya, N.L., Omsk State Agrarian Univ.

The relevance of research is the experimental and analytical justification of the effectiveness of the joint use of biopolymers of animal and plant origin as a substrate in the process of immobilization of the association of probiotic cultures. Researches are executed in specialized laboratories of the universities: Omsk State Agrarian University, Saratov State Agrarian University, and North Caucasian Federal University. In the form of a substrate there were used: gelatin, chi-carrageenan, low-etherified pectin, and modified starch; as bioobjects there are selected: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium Lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus. To obtain reliable and complete characteristics, a set of research methods was used in the work: physicochemical, sensory, and microbiological. Investigation of immobilization allowed determining the optimal ratio of biopolymers as a carrier (substrate): pectin and gelatin, as 2:1; the total concentration of solids of the carrier solution (20.0 ± 0.5) % by weight. The total number of viable cells of probiotic microorganisms in membranes (plates) is an average of lg (11.0 ± 0.55). In order to extend the shelf life, the membranes were dried in a freeze dryer, with parameters: the temperature of the frozen product (–25 deg C) and the residual pressure in the sublimate 0.013–0.133 kPa. Immobilization by microencapsulation of the association of probiotic cultures of L. acidophilus, B. Lactis and S. thermophilus into a gel of biopolymers: gelatin food, pectin gene LM 106 AS-YA, starch in a ratio of 5:1:1 was studied by microencapsulation. The obtained microcapsules were studied in imitated gastric and intestinal conditions, while the number of viable probiotic cells was determined at different times of their degradation. It was established that 20–25% of viable cells of probiotics were released from capsules in the "artificial stomach" phase, 75–80% in the "artificial bowel" phase. Innovative biotechnologies of milk based products for specialized nutrition are presented. | Актуальность исследований заключается в экспериментально-аналитическом обосновании эффективности совместного использования биополимеров животного и растительного происхождения в качестве подложки в процессе иммобилизации ассоциации пробиотических культур. Исследования выполнены в лабораториях университетов: Омского ГАУ, Саратовского ГАУ, СКФУ. В виде подложки использовались: желатин, хи–каррагинан, низкоэтерифицированный пектин, модифицированный крахмал; в качестве биообъектов выбраны: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus. Для получения достоверных и полных характеристик в работе применялся комплекс методов исследований: физико-химических, сенсорных, микробиологических. Исследование иммобилизации позволило определить оптимальное соотношение биополимеров в качестве носителя (подложки): пектин и желатин, как 2:1; общую концентрацию сухих веществ раствора носителя (20,0 ± 0,5)%. Общее количество жизнеспособных клеток пробиотических микроорганизмов в мембранах (пластинах) составляет в среднем lg (11,0 ± 0,55). С целью продления срока, годности мембраны высушивали на сублимационной сушилке при параметрах: температура замороженного продукта (–25 град. С) и остаточное давление в сублиматоре 0,0133–0,133 кПа. Изучена иммобилизация микрокапсулированием ассоциации пробиотических культур L. acidophilus, B. lactis и S. thermophilus в гель биополимеров: желатин пищевой, гену пектин LM 106 AS-YA, крахмал в соотношении 5:1:1. Полученные микрокапсулы исследованы в имитированных желудочных и кишечных условиях. При этом определялось количество жизнеспособных клеток пробиотиков при различном времени их деградации. Установлено, что 20–25% жизнеспособных клеток пробиотиков было выпущено из капсул в фазе "искусственный желудок", 75–80% – в фазе "искусственного кишечника". Приведены инновационные биотехнологии продуктов на молочной основе для специализированного питания.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2016

Polevoy, A.N. | Mykytiuk, A.Yu.

Рассматривается эмиссия парниковых газов из органических почв. Органическое вещество растительных остатков и почвы разделяется на два активных компартмента и один инертный компартмент. Вводятся следующие компартменты: стойкий органический материал RPM, декомпозиционный органический материал DPM, инертный органический материал IOM, выделяются также пулы микробиологической биомассы BIO и гумуса HUM. В модель включены все главные процессы круговорота C и N, интенсивность которых описывается динамическими уравнениями первого порядка. При разложении рассматривается эмиссия CO2 и CH4. Моделируются основные процессы трансформации форм азота под воздействием факторов окружающей среды: аммонификация, нитрификация, денитрификация, иммобилизация, поглощение азота корневой системой растений, вынос нитратов за пределы слоя почвы 0-50 см при инфильтрации влаги, эмиссия N2O при нитрификации и денитрификации. | Emission of GHG from organic soils is considered. The organic substance of plant residues as well as one of the soil are subdivided into two active compartments and an inert compartment: resistant plant material - RPM, decomposition plant material - DPM, inert organic material - IOM are distinguished, as well as pools of microbiological biomass, BIO, and humus, HUM. All major processes of C and N turnover are included in the model; their intensity is described by first order equations. CO2 and CH4 emission under decomposition is studied. Main processes of nitrogen form transformation are simulated under influence of environmental factors: ammonification, nitrification, denitrification, immobilization, nitrogen absorption by plant rootage, carry-over of nitrates outside the soil layer of 0 - 50 cm during moisture infiltration, N2O emission under nitrification and denitrification.

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Institute of Global Climate and Ecology named after Academician Yu.A. Israel - Russian Federation

2015

Шкутина

The heterogeneous biocatalyst based on inulinasе immobilized on the non-ionogenic sorbent of Stirosorb was proposed. Investigation of thermic and acid inactivation of free and immobilized inulinasе was carried out. The corresponding values of the inactivation constants were rated. Increase of thermal stability of the immobilized ferment compared to the free one was exposed. Possibility of use of the immobilized ferment ten cycles long during the reaction of inulin hydrolysis was determined. | Предложен гетерогенный биокатализатор на основе инулиназы, иммобилизованной на неионогенном сорбенте Стиросорб. Проведено исследование термической и кислотной инактивации свободной и иммобилизованной инулиназы. Рассчитаны соответствующие значения констант инактивации. Выявлено увеличение термостабильности иммобилизованного фермента по сравнению со свободным. Установлена возможность использования иммобилизованного фермента в реакции гидролиза инулина в течение 10 циклов.

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Altai State University - Russian Federation

2015

Шкутина

Предложен гетерогенный биокатализатор на основе инулиназы, иммобилизованной на неионогенном сорбенте Стиросорб. Проведено исследование термической и кислотной инактивации свободной и иммобилизованной инулиназы. Рассчитаны соответствующие значения констант инактивации. Выявлено увеличение термостабильности иммобилизованного фермента по сравнению со свободным. Установлена возможность использования иммобилизованного фермента в реакции гидролиза инулина в течение 10 циклов. | The heterogeneous biocatalyst based on inulinasе immobilized on the non-ionogenic sorbent of Stirosorb was proposed. Investigation of thermic and acid inactivation of free and immobilized inulinasе was carried out. The corresponding values of the inactivation constants were rated. Increase of thermal stability of the immobilized ferment compared to the free one was exposed. Possibility of use of the immobilized ferment ten cycles long during the reaction of inulin hydrolysis was determined.

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Altai State University - Russian Federation

2010

Egorova, E.V., Lomonosov Moscow State Univ.

The results of Russian and foreign studies of the last decade in studying ameliorants reducing the mobility and entering into the pants of heavy metals have been summarized. The results of studying in using as detoxicants of soils contaminated with heavy metal ameliorants from mineral and organic raw materials, as well as microorganisms and biopreparations have been considered. Chemical amelioration of soils involves mineral sorbents having a high ion-exchange capability having both a crystal and amorphous structure. The high specific sorption capability with respect to cadmium was found out by testing a ameliorant sorbent made on the basis of clay minerals. The qualitative characteristics of natural sorbents can be improved by chemical and temperature exposure. Such as sorbent having predetermined properties (a long acting agro-ameliorant) has been made and tested in the Research Institute of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology. Some researches have found out a feasibility of phosphogypsum for chemical amelioration of contaminated soils. Ameliorants from organic raw materials – humic preparations that are produced from lignin, sapropel, brown coal, organic waste. Humic and humic-like substances due to the high content and wide set of functional groups fix cations of heavy metals in low mobile complex compounds, improve the buffer capability of soil. Data with respect to using microorganisms for soil detoxication arte much fewer. As is found, microorganisms are capable of immobilizing heavy metals reducing thereby their entering the plants. Over the recent years some new fertilizers characterized by high sorption capability were tested

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2009

Martynenko, N.N.

The thesis scientifically substantiates and experimentally shows the prospect of creation of the active dry and immobilized preparations of yeasts (ADY and IY) and their application in winemaking and potable alcohol industry. Screening 481 of race of yeast is carried out, 13 races of yeast, utilized in the grape and fruit winemaking, are selected, 5 best wine 2 alcohol races arc indicated among them. Their morphological and physiological signs are studied, and basic physical chemistry indices are also determined, is carried out the differentiation of strains by the contemporary molecular-biological methods of the analysis of genome with the application of PTSR-analysis, molecular karyotyping and Sauzen-hybridization technique. Maximum temperatures of an increase in the yeast strains are determined and are explained most thermostable of them which makes it possible to recommend them to further study on obtaining of preparations ADY and IY. Are obtained preparations ADY and IY for the purpose of then-further used in the wine and potable alcoholmaking. Tasted and organized production ADY and IY at company Derbenevka of the Moscow yeast plant and their use at the wineries

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2009

Mezentseva, N.I. | Egorova, E.Yu., Altay State Technological Univ., Bijsk

The purpose of the work was to evaluate a possibility of applying pine nut shell that is subjected to different physical and chemical treatment as a bearer for enzymatic agent BNZ-720C. The objects of the study were unprocessed shell, delignified shell (that was degreased with alcohol benzene blend and treated with 4% solution of caustic soda at 140 deg C and p = 1.5 atm) and sorbent from shell that is obtained by the method of low temperature treatment. The efficiency evaluation of the objects being studied as enzymatic agent bearers was performed by the method of defying amylolitique activity FP BNZ-720C. It was established that for enzyme sorption FP BNZ-720C from liquids parallel with the conventionally applied sorbent materials the delignified pine of nut shell and sorbent from the shell obtained by the method of low temperature treatment can be used

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation