AGRIS - 

2023

Davran Sabirov | Sergei Ogurcov | Ilya Shulman | Ilyas Kabdesh | Ekaterina Garanina | Albert Sufianov | Albert Rizvanov | Yana Mukhamedshina

Background: Cytokines are actively involved in the regulation of the inflammatory and immune responses and have crucial importance in the outcome of spinal cord injuries (SCIs). Examining more objective and representative indicators of the patient’s condition is still required to reveal the fundamental patterns of the abovementioned posttraumatic processes, including the identification of changes in the expression of cytokines. Methods: We performed a dynamic (3, 7, and 14 days post-injury (dpi)) extended multiplex analysis of cytokine profiles in both CSF and blood serum of SCI patients with baseline American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale grades of A. Results: The data obtained showed a large elevation of IL6 (>58 fold) in CSF and IFN-γ (>14 fold) in blood serum at 3 dpi with a downward trend as the post-traumatic period increases. The level of cytokine CCL26 was significantly elevated in both CSF and blood serum at 3 days post-SCI, while other cytokines did not show the same trend in the different biosamples. Conclusions: The dynamic changes in cytokine levels observed in our study can explore the relationships with the SCI region and injury severity, paving the way for a better understanding of the pathophysiology of SCI and potentially more targeted and personalized therapeutic interventions.

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Directory of Open Access Journals - Sweden

2023

Hanna Romanowska | Klaudia Bartoszewicz | Mikołaj Danko | Joanna Wielopolska | Katarzyna Popińska | Joanna Żydak | Marta Sibilska | Anna Borkowska | Agnieszka Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz | Janusz Książyk

The intravenous supply of aluminum (Al) present in parenteral nutrition solutions poses a high risk of the absorption of this element, which can result in metabolic bone disease, anemia, and neurological complications. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) in children on serum Al concentration and its urinary excretion compared to healthy children. We evaluated serum Al concentrations and its urinary excretion in patients enrolled in the Polish home parenteral nutrition (HPN) program between 2004 and 2022. The study group included 83 patients and the control group consisted of 121 healthy children. In children whose PN was started in the neonatal period, we found higher serum Al concentrations and higher urinary Al excretion than in other subjects whose PN was started later. Only 12% of the children on chronic parenteral nutrition had serum Al concentrations of less than 5 μg/L. Healthy children in the control group had higher serum Al concentrations than those in the parenteral nutrition group, which may indicate the influence of one’s environment and diet on Al serum levels.

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Directory of Open Access Journals - Sweden

2023

Shittu Olalekan Oluseyi | Okwelum Ngozi | Famakinde Samuel Ayodele | Odeyemi Adebisi Joshua | Toviesi Dedewanu Peter

The haematological attributes during pregnancy assumed new importance when it was realised that pregnancy is a form of physiological stress and hormones appear to be involved in the process of pregnancy and parturition. Hence, an experiment aimed at assessing and determining the haematological, biochemical and hormonal profile during pregnancy was conducted for five (5) months using twelve (12) artificially inseminated female West African Dwarf goats aged 2 – 4 years with live weights ranging from 15 to 26 kg. Does were raised semi‑intensively throughout the duration of the experiment. Blood was collected once a month for haematological, biochemical and hormonal analysis. Data obtained were analysed by the method of least squares analysis of variance (SAS, 2003) using a general linear model appropriate for a completely randomised design. The gestation period had a highly significant (p < 0.001) effect on red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts. Cholesterol and glucose were significantly (p < 0.001) affected by the gestation period, similar to the cortisol and progesterone profile (p < 0.001).

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Directory of Open Access Journals - Sweden

2023

Koshurnikova, M.A. | Domskij, I.A. | Berezina, Yu.A. | Ehkonomov, А.V.

Moose (Alces alces, Linnaeus 1758) is a promising species for game farming, it is characterized by a high growth rate, as well as a wide potential for economic use for meat and milk production. The goal of the work is to determine the biochemical blood parameters in moose of different sex and age inhabiting the territory of the Kirov region. Whole blood was taken from animals bagged during the hunting seasons of 2006-2020. Samples were collected from October to December. Whole blood from the following sex and age groups was studied: 20 young females aged 6-7 months; 20 adult females aged 2.5-7 years; 20 young males aged 6-7 months; 30 adult males aged 2.5-7 years. In the blood serum of adult moose, high activity of AsAT, alpha-amylase, creatinine content, urea were noted. In young individuals, AsAT, alpha-amylase, the content creatinine, urea were significantly lower, but activity of AlAT, alkaline phosphatase, LDH, glucose content were higher. Adult animals were characterized by lower levels of AlAT, alkaline phosphatase, LDH, glucose. Statistically significant differences in the content of total protein in blood serum between adult females and males were established. In young females, an average correlation was found between the content of total and direct bilirubins (r = 0.57, p = 0.01), in adult females — between the activity of AsAT and alkaline phosphatase (r = 0.50, p = 0.02) and between AsAT and LDH activity (r = 0.66, p = 0.00). A statistically significant effect of age on the content of AsAT, AlAT, alkaline phosphatase, LDH, alpha-amylase, direct bilirubin, creatinine, urea and glucose, as well as the sex of animals on the content of total protein was shown. The dependence of the AsAT, AlAT, alkaline phosphatase, LDH, alpha-amylase, total protein, direct bilirubin, creatinine, urea and glucose levels on body weight was revealed. | Лось - перспективный для фермерского охотничьего хозяйства вид, отличающийся высокой скоростью роста, а также широкими возможностями хозяйственного использования для получения мяса и молока. Цель работы - определение биохимических показателей крови у лосей разного пола и возраста, обитающих на территории Кировской области. Цельную кровь брали у животных, добытых в сезоны охоты 2006-2020 гг. Отбор проб проводили с октября по декабрь. Исследовали цельную кровь от следующих половозрастных групп: 20 молодых самок в возрасте 6-7 мес; 20 взрослых самок в возрасте 2,5-7 лет; 20 молодых самцов в возрасте 6-7 мес; 30 взрослых самцов в возрасте 2,5-7 лет. В сыворотке крови взрослых лосей отмечали высокую активность АСТ и альфа-амилазы, высокое содержание креатинина, мочевины. У молодых особей показатели по АСТ, альфа-амилазе, содержанию креатинина, мочевины были значительно ниже, но активность АЛТ, щелочной фосфатазы, ЛДГ и содержание глюкозы были выше. Взрослые животные характеризовались меньшими показателями по АЛТ, щелочной фосфатазе, ЛДГ, глюкозе. Установлены статистически значимые различия в содержании общего белка в сыворотке крови между взрослыми самками и самцами. У молодых самок была обнаружена средняя корреляция между содержанием общего и прямого билирубина (r = 0,57, р = 0,01), у взрослых самок - между активностью АСТ и щелочной фосфатазы (r = 0,50, р = 0,02) и между активностью АСТ и ЛДГ (r = 0,66, р = 0,00). Показано статистически значимое влияние возраста на активность АСТ, АЛТ, щелочной фосфатазы, ЛДГ, содержание альфа-амилазы, прямого билирубина, креатинина, мочевины и глюкозы, а также пола животных на содержание общего белка. Выявлена зависимость активности АСТ, АЛТ, щелочной фосфатазы, ЛДГ, альфа-амилазы, содержания общего белка, прямого билирубина, креатинина, мочевины и глюкозы от массы тела.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

Zhandalgarova, A.D. | Mikryakov, D.V. | Sergina, Yu.A. | Bakhareva, A.A. | Grozesku, Yu.N. | Nevalennyj, A.N. | Nikipelov, V.I.

In view of the intensive development of aquaculture, interest in the study of the immune system and immune response in fish has increased. When growing fish in aquaculture, the keeping conditions should contribute to maintaining the optimal activity of innate immunity. It has been established that the immunity of fish is more dependent on external influences, and habitat conditions are active regulators of fish immunoreactivity. Various probiotic preparations able to correct microbiological and immune parameters due to the action of symbiotic microorganisms have been widely used in aquaculture to increase and regulate the immune homeostasis of fish. Experimental studies were carried out to assess the effect of the enterosorbent immobilized probiotic Ekoflor on the level of bactericidal activity of blood serum, the number of immunodeficient individuals, the content of nonspecific immune complexes in blood serum and immunocompetent organs, as well as on the level of C-reactive protein of sterlet yearlings (Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus, 1758). The use of the probiotic in an experimental dosage of 6 g/kg of compound feed had an effect on the indicators of nonspecific humoral immunity. The sterlet grown on compound feeds with the said administration rate is characterized by an increased level of bactericidal activity of blood serum – 98% - and the absence of immunodeficient individuals. In addition, this dosage helps to reduce the concentration of nonspecific immune complexes in the blood serum to 2.25 ± 1.65 and immunocompetent organs of sterlet yearlings: in the liver and spleen to 0.06 ± 0.02 and 0.3 ± 0.30, respectively. The results of analyzing the level of C-reactive protein indicate that this drug does not cause inflammatory reactions in fish body. | В связи с интенсивным развитием аквакультуры повысился интерес к изучению иммунной системы и иммунного ответа у рыб. При выращивании рыб в аквакультуре условия их содержания должны способствовать поддержанию оптимальной активности врожденного иммунитета. Установлено, что иммунитет рыб в большей степени зависит от внешних воздействий, и условия среды обитания представляют собой активные регуляторы иммунореактивности рыб. Для повышения и регуляции иммунного гомеостаза рыб в аквакультуре нашли широкое применение различные пробиотические препараты, обладающие способностью корригировать микробиологические и иммунные показатели за счет действия симбионтных микроорганизмов. Проведены экспериментальные исследования по оценке влияния пробиотического препарата "Экофлор", иммобилизованного на энтеросорбенте, на уровень бактерицидной активности сыворотки крови, количество иммунодефицитных особей, содержание неспецифических иммунных комплексов в сыворотке крови и иммунокомпетентных органах, а также на уровень С-реактивного белка годовиков стерляди (Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus, 1758). Использование пробиотического препарата в экспериментальной дозировке 6 г/кг комбикорма оказало влияние на показатели неспецифического гуморального иммунитета. Стерлядь, выращенная на комбикормах с указанной нормой ввода препарата, характеризуется повышенным уровнем бактерицидной активности сыворотки крови – 98% – и отсутствием иммунодефицитных особей. Кроме того, данная дозировка способствует снижению концентрации неспецифических иммунных комплексов в сыворотке крови до 2,25 ± 1,65 и иммунокомпетентных органах годовиков стерляди: в печени и селезенке до 0,06 ± 0,02 и 0,30 ± 0,30 соответственно. Результаты анализа уровня С-реактивного белка указывают на то, что данный препарат не вызывает воспалительных реакций в организме рыб.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

Боряева Ю.А. | Родина Э.В. | Родин В.Н. | Ивойлова Ю.В. | Решетникова Т.И. | Малышева А.В.

Респираторные заболевания птиц бактериальной этиологии остаются основной проблемой для многих птицеводческих хозяйств. Особенностью бактериальных болезней является развитие смешанных (ассоциированных) инфекций. При этом к основным клиническим признакам относится развитие респираторного синдрома, природа которого полиэтиологична. Клиническая картина при развитии респираторного синдрома характерна для многих вирусных и бактериальных инфекций. Так, у больной птицы диагностируют синусит, трахеит и пневмонию. Заболевание сопровождается воспалением сережек, межчелюстного пространства и тканей в области головы. С характерной клиникой протекают такие бактериальные инфекции, как респираторный микоплазмоз, пастереллез, стафилококкоз, колибактериоз, орнитобактериоз, гемофилез и их ассоциации.

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Marina Sokolova Publishings - Russian Federation

2023

Donchenko, N.A. | Kurenskaya, N.I. | Sizov, А.А. | Stebleva, G.M. | Sizov, D.A. | Vorob'ev, V.I.

Enzyme immunoassay known as ELISA is a sensitive method making it possible to identify specific antibodies in samples of bulk milk. The ELISA study of bulk milk in farms can become the most important element in the system of anti-brucellosis measures regarding the control of the epizootic state on farms with reference to the availability and ease to implement this method. For screening express-diagnostics of bovine brucellosis, the ELISA procedure with cow milk has been developed. ELISA with whey is specific, sensitive, easy to perform, record and interpret the results. It has been found that the conditions of storage and transportation of milk samples corresponding to room temperature values and leading to fermentation do not affect the level of specific antiviral immunoglobulins for 8 days, which removes the question of the use of a cold chain during transportation to the place of analysis of milk samples to be examined. When working out the optimal sample preparation, the difference in the specific signal during ELISA between whey obtained by high-speed centrifugation and whey obtained by fermentation for 24 h was less than 10%. Therefore, high-speed centrifugation was chosen for the preparation of whey samples during the ELISA. The possibilities of using ELISA with whey on brucellosis vaccinated and non-vaccinated cattle have been studied. Milk and blood for ELISA testing should be taken 6 months or more after vaccination (within the instructional time frame). A high level of correlation was established between the ELISA data with milk and the ELISA data with whey, regardless of epizootic or immune status (untroubled and troubled herds, vaccinated and unvaccinated animals), which amounted to 86.8–92.0%. | Иммуноферментный анализ (ИФА) как более чувствительный метод позволяет выявить специфические антитела в пробах сборного молока. С учетом доступности и простоты выполнения данного метода исследование методом ИФА сборного молока в хозяйствах может стать важнейшим элементом в системе противобруцеллезных мероприятий по части контроля за эпизоотическим состоянием в хозяйствах. Для скрининговой экспресс-диагностики бруцеллеза крупного рогатого скота разработана методика постановки ИФА с молоком коров. ИФА с сывороткой молока является специфичным, чувствительным, простым в постановке, учете и интерпретации результатов методом. Установлено, что условия хранения и транспортировки проб молока, соответствующие значениям комнатной температуры и приводящие к сквашиванию, не оказывают влияния на уровень специфических противобруцеллезных иммуноглобулинов в течение 8 сут, что снимает вопрос о применении холодовой цепи при транспортировке до места проведения анализа проб молока, подлежащих исследованию. При отработке оптимальной пробоподготовки разница в специфическом сигнале при постановке ИФА между сывороткой молока, полученной при высокоскоростном центрифугировании, и сывороткой молока, полученной методом сквашивания в течение 24 ч, составляла менее 10%. В связи с этим для подготовки проб сыворотки молока при исследовании ИФА выбрано скоростное центрифугирование. Изучены возможности применения ИФА с сывороткой молока на вакцинированном и не вакцинированном против бруцеллеза поголовье крупного рогатого скота. Молоко и кровь для исследования в ИФА необходимо брать через 6 мес. и более после вакцинации (в инструктивные сроки). Установлен высокий уровень корреляции между данными ИФА с молоком и данными ИФА с сывороткой крови вне зависимости от эпизоотического или иммунного статуса (благополучные и неблагополучные стада, привитые и непривитые животные), который составил 86,8–92,0%.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

Guo, Jiachi | Pan, Yuanming | Chen, Jigui | Jin, Peng | Tang, Shan | Wang, Haihong | Su, Hui | Wang, Qian | Chen, Chao | Xiong, Fei | Liu, Kejia | Li, Yansheng | Su, Mingliang | Tang, Tang | He, Yuqi | Sheng, Jianqiu

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Sporadic CRC develops from normal mucosa via adenoma to adenocarcinoma, which provides a long screening window for clinical detection. However, early diagnosis of sporadic colorectal adenoma (CRA) and CRC using serum metabolic screening remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to identify some promising signatures for distinguishing the different pathological metabolites of colorectal mucosal malignant transformation. A total of 238 endogenous metabolites were elected. We found that CRA and CRC patients had 72 and 73 different metabolites compared with healthy controls, respectively. There were 20 different metabolites between CRA and CRC patients. The potential metabolites of tumor growth (including patients with CRA and CRC) were found, such as A-d-glucose, D-mannose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, L-cystine, Sarcosine, TXB 2, 12-Hete, and chenodeoxycholic acid. Compared with CRA, 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid was significantly higher in CRC patients. There results prompt us to use the potential serum signatures to screen CRC as the novel strategy. Serum metabolite screening is useful for early detection of mucosal intestinal malignancy. We will further investigate the roles of these promising biomarkers during intestinal tumorigenesis in future. CRC is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Sporadic CRC develops from normal mucosa via adenomas to adenocarcinoma, which provides a long screening window for about 5–10 years. We adopt the metabolic analysis of extensive targeted metabolic technology. The main purpose of the metabolic group analysis is to detect and screen the different metabolites, thereby performing related functional prediction and analysis of the differential metabolites. In our study, 30 samples are selected, divided into 3 groups for metabolic analysis, and 238 metabolites are elected. In 238 metabolites, we find that CRA patients have 72 different metabolites compared with health control. Compared with health control, CRC have 73 different metabolites. Compared with CRA and CRC patients, there are 20 different metabolites. The annotation results of the significantly different metabolites are classified according to the KEGG pathway type. The potential metabolites of tumor growth stage (including patients with CRA and CRC) are found, such as A-d-glucose, D-mannose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, L-cystine, sarcosine, TXB 2, 12-Hete and chenodeoxycholic acid. Compared with CRA patients, CRC patients had significantly higher 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid level. It is prompted to use serum different metabolites to screen CRC to provide new possibilities.

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National Agricultural Library - United States of America

2023

Oliveira, Ana Elisa F. | Pereira, Arnaldo C. | Ferreira, Lucas F.

Initially, a printed electrode was fabricated in a paper substrate using carbon nanotube ink, graphite pencil and silver nanoparticle ink. For that the electrode was modified with gold nanoparticles and a molecularly imprintedpolymer (MIP) using CA 15-3 as target molecule. The Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) images exhibited the change in the morphology after each electrode modification. The roughness increasedafter the electropolymerization, and decreased after the extraction procedure. Next, slightly increased again associated to the interaction of CA 15-3 and the imprinted sites. Finally, the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) results suggested the extraction/rebinding of CA 15-3 in the MIP sensor and also indicated that the NIP sample do not have specific cavities for the CA 15-3. In short, under optimized conditions, the CNE/AuNP is incubated with CA 15-3 (40 U mL⁻¹) for 2 h at 4 °C. Then the electropolymerization was carried out in the potential range of −0.2 to 1.0 V during 20 cycles at scan rate of 50 mV s⁻¹ using a solution containing 15 mM of oPD. After electropolymerization, the sensor was washed with oxalic acid solution for 2 h, leading to the formation of imprinted cavities. The rebinding process was subsequently constructed for 1 h at 4 °C using CA 15-3 solution. The reproducibility and interference studies showed that the sensor can be reproducible and specific for CA 15-3. Then the sensor was applied in determination of CA 15-3 in samples of serum and saliva. The use in serum presented good recovery, but the application in saliva was not satisfactory. Therefore, the sensor CNE/AuNP/MIP could be used in the determination of CA 15-3 in serum samples.

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National Agricultural Library - United States of America

2023

Li, Linzhu | Li, Maohua | Zeng, Rukui | Deng, Longjun | Yang, Kun | Song, Zhaobin

Ichthyophthirius multifiliis is a ciliated ectoparasite that infects almost all freshwater fishes with low host specificity. However, an endemic fish in the upper Yangtze River, Percocypris pingi, was thought by aqua-culturists to be completely resistant to I. multifiliis. We therefore aimed to determine P. pingi resistance to I. multifiliis. We compared the survival, feed intake, infection intensity, relative number of I. multifiliis tomont and tomont diameter, and the short- (2 months) and long-term (7 months) effects of I. multifiliis on growth between P. pingi, southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis), grass carp (Ctenopharyngdon idella), Schizothorax prenanti and Culter alburnus post I. multifiliis infection at 20,000 theronts/fish under controlled laboratory conditions. We also tested serum and skin mucus immobilization activity to I. multifiliis in uninfected individuals of the five fish species. The results detected mild I. multifiliis infection in P. pingi reflected by significantly lower parasite density and no expression of parasite I-antigen gene IAG52A comparable to the four other species. The low total relative number of tomonts collected from P. pingi during almost the entire parasitic stage (from the third to sixth day post infection) and small tomont size during the later parasitic stage (the fifth and sixth day post infection) suggest that P. pingi was able to limit trophont settlement and/or development. When infected by I. multifiliis, P. pingi displayed almost no mortality compared to high mortality in the other four fish species (14 days post infection) and surviving individuals recovered from the initial appetite loss within seven days post infection and represented normal growth over the following two and seven months. Furthermore, P. pingi mucus and serum have strong immobilization activity to I. multifiliis. It appears that P. pingi is highly resistant to I. multifiliis and may be a good model to understand the underlying immune mechanism of fish to I. multifiliis.

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National Agricultural Library - United States of America