AGRIS - 

2023

Targosh, P.G. | Glazko, V.I.

The management of domestication processes may be improved with the identification of gene networks involved in the manifestation of various behavioral characteristics. In 5 different species: humans (Homo sapiens), dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), cattle (Bos tausus), zebrafish (Danio Rerio), mice (Mus musculus), the genes associated with the development of agonistic reactions were studied. The analysis of genes, their temporal architectonics, and role in metabolic pathways was carried out using open genomic databases and bioinformatic methods. The STRING software (ver. 11.5) was also used to study network interactions between genes and the stages of their manifestation in different ontogenetic periods. As a result of the research, 23 genes linked to the expression of aggressive behavior in all 5 species were selected. 17 genes (sox2, creb1, meis1, bdnf, disc1, mapk1, egr1, npas4, kras, ncnd, jak2, lrrtm4, gabrg2, slc17a7, cacna1b, htr2c, drd2) being essential for the formation of the neural crest at the initial stages of embryo development are identified. Further there were noted the genes (disc1, grik3, gria2, drd2) implicated in the glutamate conduction pathways. These pathways affect how quickly nerve impulses are transmitted, which plays a role in how aggressive behavior is demonstrated. The data obtained are crucial for understanding the underlying causes of the behavioral indicators of sociality or asociality, helping to identify key target genes and defining the genetic hierarchy of these genes based on their involvement in different stages f organism development. | Выявление генных сетей, вовлекаемых в проявление различных поведенческих характеристик, может позволить разработать механизмы управления процессами доместикации. Изучены гены, ассоциированные с проявлением агонистических реакций, у 5 видов: человек (Homo sapiens), cобака (Canis lupus familiaris), крупный рогатый скот (Bos tausus), рыбки Данио (Danio Rerio), домовая мышь (Mus musculus). Анализ генов, их временной архитектоники, вовлеченности в метаболические пути проведен биоинформатическими методами по открытым генетическим базам данных. Изучены этапы их проявления в различные периоды онтогенеза и сетевые взаимодействия между генами с использованием программного обеспечения STRING (ver. 11.5). В результате исследований отобрано 23 гена, связанных с проявлением агрессивного поведения у всех 5 объектов. Выделены 17 генов, играющих критическую роль в формировании эмбриона на начальных этапах развития, в том числе при формировании нервного гребня: sox2, creb1, meis1, bdnf, disc1, mapk1, egr1, npas4, kras, ncnd, jak2, lrrtm4, gabrg2, slc17a7, cacna1b, htr2c, drd2. А также отмечены гены (disc1, grik3, gria2, drd2), вовлеченные в пути проведения глутамата, которые, в свою очередь, участвуют в скорости проведения нервного импульса, способствующего проявлению агрессивного поведения. Полученные данные носят первостепенную значимость для изучения основ появления поведенческих признаков социальности/асоциальности, способствуя выявлению ключевых генов-мишеней и определяя их генетическую иерархию на основании вовлеченности генов в различные этапы развития организма.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2022

Afonyushkin, V.N. | Bobikova, A.S. | Mironova, T.E. | Cherepushkina, V.S. | Shtepa, V.N.

Infectious bronchitis is a contagious respiratory disease of chickens of worldwide distribution and economic importance. The drug Doxatib produced by KRKA comprises doxycycline hyclate, which is a tetracycline antibiotic. Known are facts of antiviral effect of doxycycline against RNA viruses, including through the activation of the antiviral protein ZAP, as well as anti-inflammatory effects of doxycycline, including against COVID-19 in humans. The aim of the research was to study the anti-inflammatory activity of doxycycline in infectious bronchitis of chickens. Modeling the disease was carried out by infecting 14 day-old chickens of the Shaver cross, 10x with a dose of the vaccine strain AIB H120. The experimental group of chickens (n=10) received the drug Doxatib (doxycycline) in accordance with the instructions for the drug (based on 20 mg/kg of poultry weight). The chickens of the control group did not receive the drug. Pathological anatomical autopsy revealed a decrease in inflammatory processes in the thymus and lungs. Luminescent microscopy of the lungs revealed a decrease in interstitial pneumonia and exudates in chickens of the experimental group, compared with the control group. When analyzing the expression of genes involved in inflammatory processes, the anti-inflammatory effects of the drug doxycycline (Doxatib) were established. The detected changes in the expression of genes involved in the activation of the inflammatory response are identical to the anti-inflammatory effect of doxycycline in coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in humans and consist in the suppression of pro-inflammatory factors that can increase mortality in coronavirus infections, both in humans and in chickens, NFkB, IL6, FCR. | Инфекционный бронхит – заразное респираторное заболевание кур, имеющее мировое распространение и экономическое значение. Препарат Доксатиб компании KRKA включает в себя доксициклина гиклат, который является антибиотиком тетрациклинового ряда. Известны факты наличия и противовирусного эффекта доксициклина в отношении РНК вирусов, в т.ч. через активацию антивирусного белка ZAP а также наличие противовоспалительных эффектов доксициклина в том числе при COVID-19 у человека. Цель исследования - изучение протививоспалительной активности доксициклина при инфекционном бронхите кур. Моделирование инфекционного бронхита провели заражением 14 суточных цыплят кросса Шавер,10х дозой вакцинного штамма ИБК H120. Опытной группе цыплят (n=10) давали препарат Доксатиб (доксициклин) в соответствии с инструкцией к препарату (в расчете 20 мг/кг массы птицы). Цыплята контрольной группы (n=14) не получали препарат. При патологоанатомическом вскрытии было зафиксировано уменьшение воспалительных процессов в тимусе и легких. Люминесцентная микроскопия легких позволила установить уменьшение интерстициального воспаления легких и экссудата у цыплят опытной группы, по сравнению с контрольной группой. При анализе экспрессии генов, участвующих в воспалительных процессах, были установлены противовоспалительные эффекты препарата доксициклина (Доксатиб). Обнаруженные изменения экспрессии генов, участвующих в активации воспалительного ответа, идентичны противовоспалительному действию доксициклина при коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) у людей и заключаются в подавлении провоспалительных факторов, способных повышать смертность при коронавирусных инфекциях, как у людей, так и у кур, NFkB, IL6, FсR.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2017

Volkov, S.A. | Bessolitsyna, E.A., Vyatka State Univ., Kirov

Objective of research is to study the spread of causative agents of babesiosis in ticks on the territory of the Kirov region. Ticks were collected from vegetation cover as well as from people and domestic animals (dogs, cats). Ticks were estimated according to identification tables. Causative agents of babesiosis were found by investigating of total nucleic acids isolated from each tick followed by performing PCR. Total DNA extraction from ticks stored in 70% ethyl alcohol was performed with the use of guanidine thiocyanate. The proportion of ticks infected with Babesia was determined depending on the year, collection area on the territory of the Kirov region, species and sexual belonging of ticks. A total of 586 ticks were studied. It has been found that the major tick vectors of Babesia on the territory of the Kirov region are ticks Ixodes persulcatus. In addition, two other tick species Dermacentor reticulatus and I. ricinus were detected in that region. It was shown, that the rate of Babesia infection in ticks Ixodes persulcatus was higher than in D. reticulatus and I. ricinus. The average percentage of ticks infected with Babesia was 53.07%. A gradual increase of percentage of infected individuals with the maximum value of 73.2% was registered in 2012. However, in the following year, a significant decrease (51.7%) was reported, and the minimum number of ticks infected with Babesia was observed in 2014 (37.4%). A significant increase in infestation of ticks was newly observed in 2015 (50.4%). Male and female ticks are equally likely to be vectors for Babesia. Infection rates in male and female ticks were 54.5 and 49.3%, respectively. Fluctuations in the number of infected ticks depending on the year (maximum in 2012 and minimum in 2014) were determined. Ticks from South-West districts of the region are mostly infected with Babesia. In the city of Kirov, 55.8% of ticks are infected with Babesia in spite of acaricide treatments. | Цель работы – изучить распространение возбудителей бабезиоза у клещей на территории Кировской области. Сбор клещей проводили с растительного покрова, а также с людей и домашних животных (собак, кошек). Клещей идентифицировали по определительным таблицам. Наличие возбудителей бабезиоза определяли при исследовании суммарных нуклеиновых кислот, выделенных из каждого клеща, с последующей постановкой ПЦР. Суммарную ДНК экстрагировали с помощью гуанидинтиоизоцианатного метода из клещей, фиксированных в 70%-ном этиловом спирте. Определяли процент зараженных бабезиями клещей в зависимости от года, района сбора на территории Кировской области, видовой и половой принадлежности. Всего было изучено 586 клещей. Установлено, что основным видом клещей – переносчиков бабезиоза на территории области является Ixodes persulcatus. Также были обнаружены клещи Dermacentor reticulatus и I. ricinus. Показано, что зараженность клещей I. persulcatus оказалась выше, чем D. reticulatus и I. ricinus. Средняя доля клещей, зараженных бабезиями, составила 53,07%. Установлено постепенное повышение процента зараженных особей с максимумом в 2012 г. (73,2%). Однако, уже в следующем году отмечен значительный спад (51,7%), а минимальное число зараженных клещей (37,4%) наблюдали в 2014 г. В 2015 г. вновь отмечали значительный рост зараженности клещей (50,4%). Самцы и самки в равной степени могут быть переносчиками бабезий. Зараженность самок и самцов бабезиями составила соответственно 54,5 и 49,3%. Установлены колебания численности зараженных клещей в зависимости от года (максимум – в 2012 г. и минимум – в 2014 г.). Клещи юго-восточных районов области заражены бабезиями в наибольшей степени. На территории города Кирова клещи на 55,8% заражены бабезиями, несмотря на акарицидные обработки.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2017

Luk'yanova, G.A., Crimea Federal Univ., Simferopol

The problems of identifying toxoplasmosis on the Crimea peninsula area are considered. Monitoring of cats and sheep was carried out for Toxoplasma gondii agent in different sites of the peninsula. A coprological survey was used for cats (55 samples were studied). Significant affection of cats with T. gondii agent is established (21.8% of total studied cats). Homeless cats of urban populations had higher percent of toxoplasma invasion than animals of rural areas and amounted to 14.55%. A serological survey was also conducted for 68 sheep. The average degree of invasion was 14.7%. And female animals had a highest infection rate: invasion percent was 16.3%. Male animals had a lower degree of toxoplasma invasion – 10.5% of sheep had antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in their blood serum. 60% of invaded animals belonged to older age groups (sheep of 2-4 years old), 40% of animals earlier than 1 year were infected with T. gondii. Investigated animal species are potential sources of infection for human that is proved by a statistical analysis. According to the data of statistics department of medicinal parasitology of sanitary-epizootological station of Crimea Republic a significant level of distribution of T. gondii invasion is detected among peninsula's population. Average invasion degree of peoples by toxoplasma in the Crimea Republic in 2015 was 12.02%. Peoples aged from 7 to 20 years had 4.23% of invasion rate, older peoples (50-60 years old) – 31.04%. In group of pregnant women antibodies to the toxoplasma agent is revealed in 37.03% of humans. The situation is evaluated as epizootic. | Рассмотрены проблемы выявления токсоплазмоза на территории полуострова Крым. Проведены мониторинговые исследования кошек и овец на наличие возбудителя Toxoplasma gondii в различных территориальных участках полуострова. Для кошек применяли копрологический анализ (обследовано 55 образцов). Установлена значительная пораженность кошек возбудителем T. gondii (21,8% от общего числа обследованных). У бездомных кошек городских популяций процент инвазирования токсоплазмами превалировал над таковым у животных сельской местности и составил 14,55%. Проведено также серологическое исследование 68 овец. Средняя степень инвазирования составила 14,7%. При этом у самок выявили наибольшую заражённость, процент инвазии был на уровне 16,3%. Самцы менее инвазированы токсоплазмами – 10,5% баранчиков имели в сыворотке крови антитела к T. gondii. Из числа инвазированных 60% принадлежали к более старшим возрастным группам (овцы в возрасте от 2-х до 4-х лет), 40% животных до годичного возраста были поражены T. gondii. Обследованные виды животных являются возможным источником заражения токсоплазмами для людей, о чём свидетельствуют результаты статистического анализа. Согласно данным отдела статистики медицинской паразитологии санитарно-эпизоотологической станции Республики Крым, на территории полуострова отмечено значительное распространение инвазии, вызванной T. gondii, среди жителей полуострова. Средняя инвазированность людей токсоплазмами в Республике Крым за 2015 год составила 12,02%. Причём, у лиц в возрасте от 7 до 20 лет она в среднем на уровне 4,23%, у более старшего населения (50-60 лет) инвазированность была в пределах 31,04%. В группе беременных женщин антитела к возбудителю токсоплазмоза были выявлены у 37,03% лиц. Ситуация оценивается как эпизоотическая.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2012

Budevich, A.I. | Kuznetsova, V.N. | Zaremba, N.L. | Shemetkov, D.A. | Sakhonchik, P.E., National Academy of Sciences. Scientific and Practical Center of Animal Breeding

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was analysed the dynamics of quantitative indicators of human lactoferrin in milk of transgenic goat producers. It was marked that concentrations of recombinant human lactoferrin in the milk of transgenic goats, producing changed in the following ways: in the first 5 days after the beginning of lactation the production of rhLF was at a fairly high level (6,55-7,10 g / L), after reaching a peak by 35 - the 40th day there was a smooth equalization of the concentration of the recombinant protein in the milk, followed by its access to the basal level by the 50-60th day of lactation. It was found that age, lactation quantity and belonging to the F1 or F2 offspring affected the expression pattern of the transgene in the initial stage of lactation and hence the nature of the recombinant protein product after 40-day lactation: for F1 animal it was necessary to realize slow decrease with subsequent concentration rhLF achievement basal level; for F2 animals - gradual increase in the concentration of rhLF or keep the last on the same level.It was determined that the average content of rhLF in milk of transgenic animals amounted to 5,68 g / l as general. Expression of the transgene with product with the target protein in the milk occurred in all animals-producers. The range of average content of recombinant protein for various individuals during the period of lactation ranged from 2,69 to 9,69 g / l. The threshold concentration of lactoferrin in the sample were 18.9 and 0,2 g / l (maximum and minimum concentration , respectively).

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2008

Kapitalchuk, M., Academia de Stiinte a Moldovei, Chisinau (Republic of Moldova). Inst. de Genetica si Fiziologie a Plantelor

Technical University of Moldova - Republic of Moldova

2007

Kuz'mich, R.G. | Maksimovich, V.V. | Bagretsov, V.F. | Konotop, D.S., Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine

Herpes virus infection is - widely spread among humans and animals. A number of animal herpes viruses remain unstudied yet. It is partually because of peculiarities of pathogenesis, as viruses of this family are kept in organism in a latent condition and show their pathogenic properties when immunity decreases. In this connection it is worthwile to diagnose a herpes virus infection with the help of serological reactions, which will also allow to evaluate the extent of this disease spreading. For serologic diagnostics of herpes virus infections by the method IFA the test systems VektoCHV(common herpes virus)-Ig the M-strip and VektoCHV-Ig G-strip of the Joint-Stock Company Vector-Best (Russia, Novosibirsk) were used. As an investigated material used blood serum of sows (healthy and with infringement of reproductive function) and abortifacient embryos. Reaction estimated on excess of optical density (ОD) in investigated tests in comparison with the negative control. Positive tests were considered, ОD which was equal or exceeded critical value which calculated under the formula:ОDCrit=ОDсрК+0,10. Specific antibodies to common herpes virus in blood serum of cows and young animals with the diagnosis infectious rhinotracheitis are not revealed, that testifies to absence of the general antigenes at common herpes virus of 1,2 types and rhinotracheitis virus, concerning one family Herpesviridae. Herpes virus infection has wide enough spreading among sows of various groups, proceeds asymptomaticly. At sows with infringement of reproductive function of an antibody are revealed at 34,5% of animals in a caption from 1:100 till 1:12800, that can testify to certain role of common herpes virus in sows' gynecologic pathology

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2007

Kovalev, N.A. | Usenya, M.M. | Buchukuri, D.V., National Academy of Sciences. Scientific and Practical Center of Animal Breding (Belarus). The S.N. Vyshelesskij Inst. of Experimental Veterinary Medicine | Mishaeva, N.P., Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus, Minsk (Belarus). Research Inst. of Epidemiology and Microbiology

Rabies is one of few virus diseases at whom effective techniques of its treatment are not developed. It is absolutely deadly. Application of specific means of preventive maintenance, such as a vaccine and antibodies, not always prevents disease. Proceeding from it and considering that at many virus infections chemotherapeutic preparations are applied, search of those and working out of schemes and methods of their application as in the pure state, and in complex schemes, is rather actual. The data received at application of semisynthetic antibiotic of rifampicin at experimental rabies of infection, and also in the field conditions, single or in offered complex schemes of application are cited

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

1995

Uraleva, V.S. | Mishan'kin, B.N. | Kuchin, V.V. | Batashev, V.V. | Karbyshev, G.L. | Kruglikov, V.D. | Kondratenko, T.A. | Bratkova, T.N. | Nosov, A.M. | Shvager, M.M. | Kuzenkova, E.B.

As the result of the complex clinico-laboratory examination of 265 cattle breeders working on 5 farms where cases of brucellosis among agricultural animals had been detected, 62 persons (21,8 %) were found to have the positive reaction to brucellosis. A strikingly high proportion (38,3 %) of infected persons was found among the workers of a cattle-feeding complex. Out of 62 persons with the positive reaction to brucellosis, 32 had different clinical manifestations of the disease. Treatment for all persons who needed it was organized, the rest were placed under dispensary observation. Regular complex clinico-laboratory examinations of cattle breeders to brucellosis were recommended

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

1994

Rosokhatskij, S. | Smirnov, A.F. | Efimov, A.F. | Zverkhovskij, L. | Kazakov, V.K. | Dvoryanchikov, G.A. | Smaragdov, M.G.

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation