AGRIS - 

2018

Rodriguez, U.P.E. | Ramirez, P.J.B. | Zamora, G.J. | Perez, M.L. | Phillips, M.

This paper explores future scenarios for the production, consumption, international trade and prices in fish of the Philippines through the year 2035. Future paths for output were obtained through expert consultations while those for consumption and international trade were generated by feeding the output projections into a multi-market model known as AsiaFish. The baseline scenario depicts a setting where total fish production in 2035 is about 5.5 million tons or about 20% higher than in 2012. Fish exports and imports in 2035 are also expected to be more than two times as much as in 2012. Alternative scenarios depict both optimistic and pessimistic outcomes for the fish sector of the country. These scenarios were assumed to be influenced by perceptions on the impacts of climate change, adaptation to climate change, equity in the use of resources, and government policy.

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University Library, University of the Philippines at Los Baños - Philippines

2018

Punzalan, B.R. | Alcantara, A.J.; Vergara, D.K. | Aunario, J.K.S. | Shi, W. | Ye, C. | Kumar, U, | Psco, R.M. | Shreestha, S. | Laza, R.C. | DingKuhn, M.

Studies show that daytime temperature above 35°C and night-time temperature above 25°C may significantly reduce rice yields by including spikelet sterility when they coincide with flowering, the sensitive stage of crop. Simulations to assess heat-induced spikelet sterility (Ster-Heat) of three popular Philippine rice varieties (IR64; NSIC Rc222; NSIC Rc238) and heat-tolerant aus variety Nagina 22 were conducted using RIDEV (Rice Development Model) V2, a model for rice phenology and sterility based on crop microclimate and panicle temperature. In-depth simulations to evaluate temporal patterns involved General Circulation Models-derived climate data of Los Baños, Laguna (1981-2000, 2010-2049) and Maligaya, Nueva Ecija (1978-1997, 2010-2029); 12 sowing dates representing each month of the year; and two anthesis times (Anth Time): 10.00 and 11.00 H. In both sites, the highest incidence of Sterheat is expected to coincide with the hottest month of the year. The difference in SterHeat between AnthTime 10.00 h and 11.00 h is considerable for Philippine cultivars. Regardless of anthesis time, advancing sowing in the dry season from January to December would reduce the incidence of SterHeat of Philippine cultivars. This strategy may also be considered during the wet season, but may be less crucial. Findings of this study may serve as decision-making tool for stakeholders to mitigate the effects of global warming, specifically SterHeat, by adjusting cropping calendar.

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University Library, University of the Philippines at Los Baños - Philippines

2018

Panga, I.B. | Hamor, N.H. | Diño, J.U. | Caoili, B.L. | Laquinta, J.F. | Sapin, G.D. | Yap, S.A.

The recent coconut scale insect outbreaks in CALABARZON [Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, and Quezon, Philippines] in Luzon, and Basilan and Zamboanga in Mindanao have threatened the Philippine coconut industry. The rapid progression of the outbreaks was due to the introduction of a foreign invasive coconut scale species, Aspidiotus rigidus Reyne as confirmed by molecular analysis. In this study, Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) Modelling was used to map the potential geographic distribution of A. rigidus Reyne as confirmed by molecular analysis. In this study, Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) Modelling was used to map the potential geographic distribution of A. rigidus in the Philippines based on associations between known occurrence records and a set of environmental variables. Model performance was evaluated by area under the curve (AUC) which showed high values for training and test data indicating a high level of discriminatory power of the MaxEnt prediction. Variable such as annual range and seasonality of temperature had the highest contributions to the prediction. Highly suutable areas for A. rigidus are CALABARZON, Basilan, and southern part of Zamboanga Sibugay, while moderately suitable areas include Camarines Norte, Marinduque, Palawan (central), Negros, and Misamis Oriental, and South Cotabato in Mindanao.

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University Library, University of the Philippines at Los Baños - Philippines

2018

Maglaya, Z.C.

The 7Ms for MSME [Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise] Development highlights the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI)'s holistic strategy for specific and targeted interventions for our MSMEs. The 7Ms is comprised of mindset, mastery, mentoring, money, machines, markets, and models of business. Through mindset, DTI helps MSMEs to embrace the right and positive entrepreneurial attitude that will carry them through their vibrant entrepreneurial journey With mastery, DTI teaches MSMEs to master the knowledge and how-to's of entrepreneurship. With mentoring, the department provides MSMEs with continuous guidance in partnership with the private sector. In money, DTI provides MSMES access to financing from both government and private financing institutions for setting up or expanding their businesses. Under machines, MSMEs are equipped with the right tools and equipment to level up production and increase productivity. Through market access, DTI helps promote MSMEs products and link them to big companies in the global value and supply chain. With models of business, the department gives different business ideas to help aspiring entrepreneurs start building the next big thing. DTI will continue to push for efforts to provide the necessary services to help the MSMEs thrive even expand in an increasingly global and competitive market and to implement programs and projects that will better equip and capacitate the MSMEs to face the challenges and opportunities ahead as we enter an increasingly globalized economy.

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University Library, University of the Philippines at Los Baños - Philippines

2018

Kulikov, D.S. | Gol'dshtejn, V.G., The V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center of Food Systems, Moscow

The research objective was the determination of optimum parameters of technological process of of wheat flour preparation to effective component separation providing high yield of gluten and starch. The batches of the premium wheat flour were sampled; further yield of gluten and starch was studied at various modes of the dough kneading. For studying the influence of parameters of the dough kneading and rest on gluten and starch yields 15 flour samples by 50 g were taken and kneaded with predetermined for each experiment water amount (from 20 to 75 cubic cm) at the temperature from 25 to 55 deg C. The duration of dough rest was carried out in the range from 15 to 35 minutes. The gluten was washed in metallic sieve with opening diameter of 1 mm. The end of washing of the gluten was determined by iodic test in merged water. The gluten was dried in the drying cabinet at the temperature of 130 deg C, weighed and its yield against initial flour weidht was counted. Starch content was established by Evers polarimetric method in the suspension obtained after gluten washing. Starch suspension was centrifuged, dried up, crushed and weighed. Optimum technological parameters of gluten and starch extraction during wheat flour processing were established: the flour:water ratio – 1:0.81, water temperature – 41 deg C, dough rest duration – 35 minutes and water active acidity (pH) – 6.5. At indicated conditions yield of the gluten and starch was increased to 10.0 and 69% to 10.8 and 75.5% respectively. Mathematical relation describing the yield of wheat gluten and starch on key parameters of dough kneading and rest was obtained; it is recommended for the use in industrial production of gluten and starch. | Цель исследования: определение оптимальных параметров технологического процесса подготовки пшеничной муки к эффективному разделению ее компонентов, обеспечивающему высокий выход клейковины и крахмала. Были отобраны навески пшеничной муки высшего сорта, далее при различных режимах замеса теста изучался выход клейковины и крахмала. Для изучения влияния параметров замеса и отлежки теста на выход клейковины и крахмала брали 15 навесок по 50 г муки и замешивали с определенным для каждого опыта количеством воды (от 20 до 75 куб. см) с заданной температурой от 25 до 55 град. С. Продолжительность отлежки теста варьировала от 15 до 35 мин. Клейковину отмывали на металлическом сите с диаметром отверстий 1 мм. Конец отмывания клейковины определяли по йодной пробе в сливаемой воде. Клейковину сушили в сушильном шкафу при температуре 130 град. С, взвешивали и рассчитывали ее выход относительно массы навески муки. В полученной суспензии после отмывания клейковины устанавливали содержание крахмала поляриметрическим методом Эверса. Крахмальную суспензию центрифугировали, высушивали, измельчали и взвешивали. Обработку экспериментальных данных проводили с использованием программы Mathematica 10.3. Установлены оптимальные технологические параметры извлечения клейковины и крахмала при переработке пшеничной муки: соотношение мука : вода – 1 : 0,81, температура воды – 41 град. С, продолжительность отлежки теста – 35 мин и активная кислотность (рН) воды – 6,5, – при которых выход клейковины и крахмала увеличен соответственно с 10,0 и 69% до 10,8 и 75,5% соответственно. Получена математическая зависимость выхода пшеничной клейковины и крахмала от основных параметров процесса замеса и отлежки теста, которая рекомендуется для промышленного производства клейковины и крахмала.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2018

Dibirov, A.A., North-Western Research and Development Inst. of Agricultural Economics and Management, Saint Petersburg

Historically large-scale agricultural and processing organizations, which were established in the Soviet period, are now a favorable factor for the formation of a corporate model of agribusiness in the field of food production. In the course of research, general scientific methods of historical knowledge were used, as well as special methods of empirical knowledge: the theory of evolutionary development of economy, system modeling, the method of expert estimations. In theory, integration models of agribusiness in developed western countries have been developed in two parallel levels: the study of vertical and horizontal coordination between the participants within the agro-food chain at the micro, meso, macro, mega levels; the study of various alternative structures of organization and management. Theoretical and methodological approaches to the economy of agribusiness were formed in key areas: commodity, industry, institutional, corporate, hybrid. Special attention is paid to modern concepts of agrifood clusters, transnational networks and chains, various cooperative forms and their possible synthesis. The main essence of the hybrid integration model is as follows: core integrators are agricultural producers of various organizational and legal forms, which are the founders and participants of service and trade organizations, formed as agricultural consumer cooperatives. Agricultural producers, competing with each other at the level of production, cooperate at the stages in the provision of services, processing and trade, incorporating into the process of "coopetition". The idea is to work together to find new markets and expand existing ones, rather than endless struggling for the consumer. The key difference between coopetition and other business strategies is the assumption that there are not necessarily losers for each winner. | Исторически сложившиеся в советский период большие по масштабу деятельности с.-х. и перерабатывающие организации являются в настоящее время благоприятным фактором для формирования корпоративной модели агробизнеса в сфере производства продовольствия. В процессе исследования использовались общенаучные методы исторического познания, а также специальные методы эмпирического познания: теория эволюционного развития экономики, системное моделирование, метод экспертных оценок. В теории интеграционные модели агробизнеса в развитых западных странах получили развитие на двух параллельных уровнях: изучение вертикальной и горизонтальной координации между участниками в рамках агропродовольственной цепи на микро-, мезо-, макро- мегауровнях; исследование различных альтернативных структур организации и управления. Теоретико-методологические подходы к экономике агробизнеса сформировались по основным направлениям: товарный, отраслевой, институциональный, корпоративный, гибридный. Особое внимание уделяется современным концепциям агропродовольственных кластеров, транснациональных сетей и цепей, различных кооперативных форм и возможному их синтезу. Основная сущность гибридной модели интеграции заключается в следующем: ядром - интегратором выступают с.-х. товаропроизводители различных организационно-правовых форм, которые являются учредителями и участниками сервисных и обслуживающих, торговых организаций, созданных в форме с.-х. потребительских кооперативов. С.-х. товаропроизводители, конкурируя между собой на уровне производства продукции, кооперируются на этапах оказания услуг, переработки и торговли продукцией, вступая в процесс "коопетиции". Идея заключается в совместной деятельности, направленной на поиск новых рынков и расширение уже существующих, а не на бесконечную борьбу за потребителя. Ключевое отличие коопетиции от других бизнес-стратегий состоит в предположении о том, что не обязательно наличие проигравших на каждого выигравшего.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2018

Orlyanskij, A.V. | Orlyanskaya, I.A. | Kapov, S.N. | Petenev, A.N., Stavropol State Agrarian Univ.

A promising technology for harvesting haylage in rolls packed in plastic film can significantly reduce the loss of harvested haylage and improve feed quality. The most important operation of this technology is the selection of herbs with simultaneous pressing. The basis of this operation is a round baler, which provides a high density and the correct shape of the roll for the subsequent quality film winding. To obtain high-quality haylage in rolls, it is necessary to choose the right type and brand of baler, taking into account the natural and economic conditions of enterprises, the technological properties of grass mass, the probabilistic nature of the acting factors and machine interactions. To solve this problem, a simulation model of the process of selection and pressing of grass mass has been developed and implemented on a computer, allowing evaluating the efficiency of round balers in different operating conditions. Interchangeable productivity and specific total costs are taken as the performance criteria of the compared models of round balers. By means of a computational experiment, the characteristic models of round balers of Russian and foreign manufacturers, differing in the type of bale chamber, the diameter of the formed rolls, and the presence or absence of the grinding apparatus, were compared with the model of the forage harvesting process. Analysis of the results of computational experiments allowed establishing that balers without a grinding machine, with a press chamber of constant volume, forming rolls with a diameter of 1.5 m, are most effective in harvesting haylage in rolls. Moreover, balers of domestic production in Russia are more efficient by the criterion of total costs by 35-40% in comparison with foreign analogues. | Перспективная технология заготовки сенажа в рулонах, упакованных в полиэтиленовую пленку, позволяет значительно сократить потери заготавливаемого сенажа и повысить качество корма. Важнейшей операцией этой технологии является подбор трав с одновременным прессованием. Основу этой операции составляет рулонный пресс-подборщик, который обеспечивает высокую плотность и правильную форму рулона для последующей качественной обмотки пленкой. Для получения высококачественного сенажа в рулонах необходим правильный выбор нужного типа и марки пресс-подборщика с учетом природно-хозяйственных условий предприятий, технологических свойств травяной массы, вероятностного характера действующих факторов и взаимодействий машин. Для решения этой задачи разработана и реализована на ЭВМ имитационная модель процесса подбора-прессования травяной массы, позволяющая оценить эффективность рулонных пресс-подборщиков в разных условиях эксплуатации. В качестве критериев эффективности сравниваемых моделей рулонных пресс-подборщиков приняты сменная производительность и удельные совокупные затраты. Путем вычислительного эксперимента с моделью кормоуборочного процесса сравнивались характерные марки рулонных пресс-подборщиков российских и зарубежных производителей, различающиеся типом прессовальной камеры, диаметром формируемых рулонов, наличием или отсутствием измельчающего аппарата. Анализ результатов вычислительных экспериментов позволил установить, что наиболее эффективными на заготовке сенажа в рулонах, упакованных в полиэтиленовую плёнку, являются пресс-подборщики без измельчающего аппарата, с прессовальной камерой постоянного объема, формирующие рулоны диаметром 1,5 м. Рулонные пресс-подборщики отечественного производства в условиях России эффективнее по критерию совокупных затрат на 35-40% в сравнении с зарубежными аналогами.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2018

Vasil'eva, O.K., All-Russia Research and Development Inst. of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding, St. Petersburg

There are presented the results of a model type of black and white cattle breeding formation on the enterprises of the Leningrad and Novogord regions with different milk production technologies. The study was performed in 2009-2014, 1920 heads in all were investigated in the stud farm "Krasnoarmeisky" (the Leningrad region) and 1044 heads in the purebred establishment "Peredolskoe" (the Novgorod region). The both enterprises practiced zero grazing and used automated animal service systems, but in the stud farm "Krasnoarmeisky" there was yard housing of cows, voluntary milking system and system of detecting heifers and calves in heat, and in the purebred establishment "Peredolskoe" there was tie-up housing, milking – by a linear milking machine. The following model types of milk cow: for the stud farm "Krasnoarmeisky" - a cow with a productivity level of 7800-8400 kg of milk, a productive life of more than 3 calvings, the first fruitful insemination of heifers at the age of 18 months with live weight of 400 kg; in the purebred establishment "Peredolskoe" a cow with milk yield of 6500-7200 kg, productive longevity is more than 3 calvings, the first insemination of heifers at the age of 16 months with a live weight of 370 kg. | Представлены результаты формирования модельного типа молочного скота черно-пестрой породы в племенных предприятиях Ленинградской и Новгородской областей при разных технологиях производства молока. Исследования проводили в 2009-2014 гг., всего обследовано 1920 гол. в племенном заводе "Красноармейский" (Ленинградская обл.) и 1044 гол. в племенном репродукторе "Передольское" (Новгородская обл.). В обоих предприятиях практиковалось круглогодичное стойловое содержание и использовались автоматизированные системы обслуживания животных, но в ПЗ "Красноармейский" коров содержали беспривязно, использовали систему добровольного доения и систему выявления телок и коров в охоте, а в ПР "Передольское" содержание было привязным, доение – на линейной доильной установке. Разработаны следующие модельные типы молочной коровы: для ПЗ "Красноармейский" - корова с уровнем продуктивности 7800-8400 кг молока, продолжительностью продуктивного использования более 3 отелов, первым плодотворным осеменением телок в возрасте 18 мес. с живой массой 400 кг; в ПР "Передольское" - корова с удоем 6500-7200 кг молока, продуктивным долголетием более 3 отелов, первым осеменением телок в возрасте 16 мес. с живой массой 370 кг.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2018

Ahmed, S., Czech Technical Univ., Prague

As a developing country and according to the situations of war and siege experienced by it Syria has a good percentage of the Middle East nations in the field of adopting new technologies and systems. This research demonstrates the awareness of BIM between Syrian engineers in the public sector and the possibility of mandating BIM in the near future. A quantitative statistic did achieve the research aim using both open and closed questionnaire. The research showed that Syrian construction and engineering workers know a little about the BIM. However, more than 44 % via 89 respondents reported that the full adoption of BIM in Syria will be within the next five years with the emphasis on the need to develop the BIM standard before the start. About 61 % of the respondents believe that BIM can be useful in the design stage, while 21 % indicated that they can implement BIM in both design and construction stage of the project. Whatever the case, 49 % of respondents found that BIM can solve 50−75 % of the current building problems. Respondents identified the most expected benefits of BIM, also barriers and challenges that hinder the application of BIM: economic, technical, organizational, legal and human challenges. In addition to that, the risks were explained that may occur within the projects implemented using BIM. This study in association with Syrian organizations and universities showed the tendency towards the philosophy of building information modelling for the new generation of Syrian engineering. About 37 % of the respondents considered Syria government to be the main engine for the BIM adoptions; while more than 22 % believe that the designer is the main engine to adopt and convince others about the benefits of BIM during the building projects life cycle. Unfortunately, due to the lack of the budget allocated for the training and rehabilitation of employees, or fear of the high cost of adopting this technology and the use of programs 31 % of staff rely on self-training, and only 24 % of them receive formal training in addition to their effort. Researchers believe that this research will be the first step towards soft moving to BIM in Syrian projects.

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Fundamental Library of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies - Latvia

2018

Iriste, S., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Engineering. Inst. of Education and Home Economics

The problem of the research is related to the transfer of new specialists from the process of acquiring higher professional education to independent professional activities, professional self-development and life-long learning in order to maintain his/her competitiveness, including demand and employability in the labour market. Along with the above mentioned, the problem of competitiveness development of the future specialists in the higher education environment is becoming increasingly important. The aim of the research: to evaluate and promote competitiveness of hospitality students on the basis of the worked out and approbated: 1) the competitiveness structure model of prospective hospitality business managers and competitiveness evaluation methodology, 2) the model of the dual study environment of a higher education institution that transforms and facilitates the development of the competitiveness of prospective hospitality business managers. The hypothesis. It is possible to evaluate and promote prospective hospitality business managers’ competitiveness development if: the model of competitiveness structure and competitiveness evaluation methodology developed on the basis of it have been worked out and evaluated by experts; students are aware of competitiveness evaluation indicators and have reflection experience of self-evaluation of their competitiveness; the model of the dual study environment of a higher education institution that transforms and facilitates the development of the competitiveness of prospective hospitality business managers on the basis of ecological and constructivist approaches is experimentally approbated. | Pētījuma problēma saistīta ar jauno speciālistu pāreju no augstākās profesionālās izglītības iegūšanas procesa uz patstāvīgu profesionālo darbību, profesionālo pašattīstību un pilnveidi mūža garumā, lai nodrošinātu savu kā speciālista konkurētspēju, t.sk. pieprasītību un nodarbināmību darba tirgū. Līdz ar to pieaug topošo viesmīlības studentu konkurētspējas attīstības veicināšanas problemātika augstskolas studiju vidē. Pētījumu mērķis: balstoties uz izstrādātajiem un eksperimentāli aprobētajiem: 1) topošo viesmīlības uzņēmumu vadītāju konkurētspējas struktūras modeli un konkurētspējas izvērtēšanas metodiku, 2) kā arī konkurētspējas attīstību veicinošas un transformatīvas augstskolas duālās studiju vides modeli, izvērtēt un veicināt viesmīlības studentu konkurētspēju. Pētījuma hipotēze. Ir iespējams izvērtēt un veicināt topošo viesmīlības uzņēmumu vadītāju konkurētspēju, ja: ir izstrādāts un ekspertīzes ceļā izvērtēts konkurētspējas struktūras modelis un uz to balstītā konkurētspējas izvērtēšanas metodika; studenti zina konkurētspējas izvērtēšanas indikatorus un viņiem ir refleksijas pieredze savas konkurētspējas pašizvērtēšanā; eksperimentāli tiek aprobēts izstrādātais un uz ekoloģisko pieeju un konstruktīvisma pieeju balstītais konkurētspējas attīstību veicinošas un transformatīvas augstskolas duālās studiju vides modelis.

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Fundamental Library of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies - Latvia