AGRIS - 

2023

Laurent, Céline | Bravin, Matthieu | Blanchart, Eric | Crouzet, Olivier | Pelosi, Céline | Lamy, Isabelle

While long-term organic fertilizer (OF) applications tend to decrease copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) availability in agricultural soils, earthworm bioturbation has been reported to have the opposite effect. Thus, the consequences of OF amendments in earthworm-inhabited soils on Cu and Zn bioavailability to earthworms are still under debate. Here, we assessed the effect of a decade of agronomically realistic OF applications on Cu and Zn availability in earthworm-inhabited soils and the consequences on Cu and Zn bioavailability to earthworms. An epi-endogeic species (Dichogaster saliens) was exposed in microcosms to three field-collected soils that had received either no, mineral, or organic fertilization for a decade. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) properties (i.e., concentration, aromaticity, and binding properties toward Cu), pH, and Cu and Zn availability (i.e., total concentration and free ionic activity) were determined in the solution of the soil containing earthworms. Cu and Zn bioavailability was assessed by measuring the net accumulation (ng) and concentration of Cu and Zn in earthworms (mg kg−1). Despite soil Cu and Zn contamination induced by a decade of OF applications, organic fertilization induced an increase in soil pH and DOM properties that drove the reduction of Cu and Zn availability in earthworm-inhabited soils, while bioturbation had little effect on soil pH, DOM properties, and Cu and Zn availability. Consistently, Cu and Zn bioavailability to earthworms did not increase with OF applications. From an ecotoxicological perspective, our results suggest that agronomically realistic applications of OF for a decade should not pose a risk to earthworms in terms of Cu and Zn net accumulation, but further studies have to be undertaken to understand consequent long-term toxicity after exposure.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement - France

2023

Yarovan, N.I. | Uchasov, D.S. | Kuznetsova, E.A. | Frolova, O.N.

The aim of the study was to explore the effect of feeding pigs with the probiotic Provagen in combination with citric acid on the mineral composition of pork. A scientific and economic experiment was carried out on fattened young pigs (Large White x Landrace x Duroc). Two groups of analog four month old piglets with 25 heads each were formed. The animals of the control group received the main diet. Piglets of the experimental group in addition to the main diet on the last 2 months of fattening received probiotic Provagen in a dose of 2 g/kg of feed daily in the morning, and in the evening feeding they received citric acid in a dose 3 g/kg of feed. When setting up for the experiment and upon its completion, individual weighing of animals of both groups was carried out. At the end of the experiment, a control slaughter of 5 animals from each group was carried out. After that, meat samples were taken for laboratory studies. The level of macronutrients and trace elements in the pork was determined by the atomic absorption method on a Hitachi 180-80 spectrophotometer. It was found that the potassium content in the pork of the experimental group was higher than in the pork of the control group by 1.42% (P less than 0.05), sodium by 0.95%, calcium by 4.08% (P less than 0.05), phosphorus by 3.67% (P less than 0.01), magnesium by 2.92%, iron by 8.93% (P less than 0.05), zinc by 10.35% (P less than 0.05), manganese by 15.38%, copper by 7.14%, cobalt by 12.66%. Thus, the inclusion in the diet of young pigs of Provagen in a dose of 2 g/kg of feed (during the morning feeding) and citric acid in a dose of 3 g/kg of feed (during the evening feeding) in the last 2 months of fattening contributes to increasing the productivity of pigs and increasing the content of vital minerals in the pork obtained from them. | Цель исследования – изучить влияние скармливания пробиотика "Проваген" в сочетании с лимонной кислотой на минеральный состав мяса свиней. Научно-хозяйственный опыт проведён на откармливаемом молодняке свиней (крупная белая x ландрас x дюрок). Были сформированы 2 группы подсвинков-аналогов четырёхмесячного возраста по 25 голов в каждой. Животные контрольной группы получали основной рацион. Подсвинкам опытной группы дополнительно к основному рациону в последние 2 месяца откорма ежедневно в утреннее кормление скармливали пробиотик "Проваген" в дозе 2 г/кг корма, в вечернее – лимонную кислоту по 3 г/кг корма. При постановке на опыт и по его завершении проводили индивидуальное взвешивание животных обеих групп. В конце опыта проведён контрольный убой 5 животных из каждой группы с последующим отбором проб мяса для лабораторных исследований. Уровень макро- и микроэлементов в мясе свиней определяли атомно-абсорбционным методом на спектрофотомере Hitachi 180-80. Установлено, что содержание калия в мясе свиней опытной группы было выше, чем в мясе животных контрольной группы на 1,42% (Р меньше 0,05), натрия на 0,95%, кальция на 4,08% (Р меньше 0,05), фосфора на 3,67% (Р меньше 0,01), магния на 2,92%, железа на 8,93% (Р меньше 0,05), цинка на 10,35% (Р меньше 0,05), марганца на 15,38%, меди на 7,14%, кобальта на 12,66%. Таким образом, включение в рацион молодняка свиней пробиотика "Проваген" в дозе 2 г/кг корма (в утреннее кормление) и лимонной кислоты в дозе 3 г/кг корма (в вечернее кормление) в последние 2 месяца откорма способствует повышению продуктивности свиней и увеличению содержания жизненно необходимых минеральных веществ в полученном от них мясе.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

Efanova, E.M. | Dmitrevskaya, I.I.

The effect of the new plant growth regulator Hardy on spring wheat 'Zlata' cultivated in the conditions of the Field Experimental Station of the Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University (Moscow) in 2021-2022 was studied. Epin-Extra were chosen as a reference preparation; for the comparison the control - not treated – site was used. Spraying with the studied preparations was carried out twice in the phases of tillering and booting of wheat. Consumption rates for preparations are 50 mL/ha of Epin-Extra, 300 mL/ha of Hardy; the working fluid consumption rate is 300 L/ha. A high effect of Hardy was noted: the average height of the main stem was higher by 15.5% relative to the control and by 3.2% relative to Epin-Extra; the average length of the main spike was higher by 47.8% and by 34.2%, respectively; the weight of 1000 grains was by 18.94% and 11.37% more, respectively. The wheat plant grain yield after Hardy treatment on average for 2 years was by 17.5% higher relative to the control, and it reached 3.55 t/ha, against the background of Epin-Extra applying it was by 10.9% more. The application of the preparation improved the quality of grain: under the action of Hardy, the protein content increased by 2.38 percentage points relative to the control (13.05%), gluten - by 5.9 percentage points (with 30.8% in the control); under the action of Epin-Extra, the corresponding indicators increased by 2.32 and 2.8 percentage points. According to the gluten content, the wheat grain in all the variants can be attributed to group A, which means that it is allowed to use for baking purposes. The preparations Hardy and Epin-Extra contributed to an increase in fat, fiber contents in the grain, and a decrease in ash content. There is no difference in the microstructure of wheat kernels that could reveal defects according to the experimental variants. The study of the elemental composition of wheat showed that the grain harvested in the sites treated with Hardy and Epin-Extra has a higher content of silicon and phosphorus. | Проведены исследования влияния нового препарата Харди на яровую пшеницу сорта Злата при выращивании в условиях Полевой опытной станции РГАУ-МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева (г. Москва) в 2021-2022 гг. В качестве эталона сравнения выбран препарат Эпин-Экстра, также схемой опыта был предусмотрен контрольный участок (без обработки). Опрыскивание изучаемыми препаратами проведено двукратно в фазы кущения и выхода в трубку пшеницы. Нормы расхода по препаратам: Эпин-Экстра 50 мл/га, Харди 300 мл/га, норма расхода рабочей жидкости 300 л/га. Отмечено высокое действие препарата Харди: средняя высота главного стебля относительно контроля выше на 15,5% и относительно варианта с Эпин-Экстра – на 3,2%; соответственно средняя длина главного колоса выше на 47,8 и на 34,2%; масса 1000 зерен больше на 18,94 и на 11,37%. Урожайность зерна при обработке растений пшеницы препаратом Харди в среднем за 2 года была больше относительно контроля на 17,5% и достигла 3,55 т/га, на фоне применения Эпин-Экстра - на 10,9%. Применение препаратов улучшало качество зерна: под действием Харди содержание белка возросло на 2,38 п.п. относительно контроля (13,05%), клейковины - на 5,9 п.п. (при 30,8% в контроле); под действием Эпин-Экстра соответствующие показатели увеличились на 2,32 и 2,8 п.п. По содержанию клейковины зерно пшеницы по всем вариантам можно отнести к группе А, т.е. допустимо использовать в хлебопекарных целях. Препараты Харди и Эпин-Экстра также способствовали увеличению содержания в зерне жира, клетчатки, уменьшению зольности. Не установлено различие в микроструктуре зерновок пшеницы по вариантам опыта, которые могли бы выявить дефекты. Исследование элементного состава зерна пшеницы показало, что в вариантах с Харди и Эпин-Экстра обнаружено более высокое содержание кремния, фосфора.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

Cheprasova, A.S. | Novikova, N.G. | Kolkova, A.A. | Marsheva, A.V. | Petrenko, D.B. | Vasil'ev, N.V. | Sevost'yanov, M.A.

The composition of soilgrounds manufactured from different organic wastes and intended for agriculture use, landscape gardening and remediation of anthropogenic-disturbed areas has been under study. Totally, five soilgrounds and one field soil sample taken in the Ryazan region were explored. The initial components for the aerobic production of artificial soils were considered separately. They are excavated soil and compost both used in the production of soilgrounds at the GruntEco Company. The macro-component composition of samples was determined. It includes SiO2, Fe2O3, Al2O3, MgO, CaO, TiO2, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, S. The compost produced by GruntEco Company is characterized by the highest content of phosphorus and potassium among the samples. The concentration of some rare and trace elements - Co, Cr, Ga, Mo, Nb, V, Sc, Sr, Th, U, Y, Zr - in the samples was below the clarke values and detection limits of the used methods. Concentrations of the priority ecotoxicants such as As, Hg, and Pb in all the samples were significantly less than the values established by Sanitary Rules and Regulations. | Дана оценка состава почвогрунтов, которые производят из органических отходов и используют в сельском хозяйстве, садово-парковом комплексе и для ремедиации техногенно-нарушенных территорий. Всего изучено 5 почвогрунтов и один образец почвы, отобранной с поля в Рязанской области. Отдельно были рассмотрены исходные компоненты для аэробного производства искусственных почвогрунтов: котлованный грунт и компост, применяемые в производстве почвогрунта ("ГрунтЭко"). В результате изучения макрокомпонентного состава ряда образцов и контрольной почвы полевого севооборота (SiO2, Fe2O3, Al2O3, MgO, CaO, TiO2, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, S) определено, что компост, полученный при производстве почвогрунта "ГрунтЭко", характеризуется наиболее высоким содержанием фосфора и калия. Содержание ряда редких и рассеянных элементов в исследованных образцах (Co, Cr, Ga, Mo, Nb, V, Sc, Sr, Th, U, Y, Zr), а также концентрации приоритетных экотоксикантов (As, Hg и Pb) оказались ниже кларковых значений и меньше установленных СанПиН значений, что не вызывает поводов для беспокойства с точки зрения оценки качества почвогрунтов по показателям неорганических веществ.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

Prichko, T.G. | Droficheva, N.V. | Kovalenko, N.N.

Japanese quince (Chaenomeles) is a new orchard crop for horticulture and processing industry in Russia. In the laboratory of storage and processing of fruits and berries of the North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center for Horticulture, Viticulture and Winemaking, a comparative analysis of the chemical quality indicators of Chaenomeles fruits (12 varieties) and domestic quince (6 varieties) was carried out. Features have been established that distinguish the of Chaenomeles fruits from cultivated domestic quince varieties. It makes it possible to recommend Chaenomeles to produce functional drinks. Chaenomeles fruits contain little dry matter, but they significantly exceed the fruits of other pome crops in organic acid content. They contain a complex of biologically active substances necessary for the human body: vitamins C, P, polyphenolic, and pectin substances. The content of vitamins, especially vitamin C, in the fruits of Chaenomeles is much higher than in the fruits of cultivated quince varieties. The polyphenolic complex of Chaenomeles is represented by leucoanthocyanins and flavonols. Among the studied Chaenomeles varieties, the highest vitamin C content (more than 200 mg/100 g) are distinguished by following varieties 'R: rubra' and 'Jot Frail', and the highest vitamin P content (more than 400 mg/100 g) by 'Zot Frail', 'Crimson and Golol 5', 'Oval', 'Jot Frail', and 'Recognition'. Chaenomeles fruits can be included in a blend for the production of canned products such as purees, nectars, juices with pulp, drinks, jam, etc. Recipe models of the "Sunny" drink have been developed based on apple juice and puree from Chaenomeles fruits, containing at least 11% soluble dry substances in the finished product. In parallel with determining the balance of nutritional elements, the drink being developed was balanced according to the main organoleptic indicators. It has been established that the content of vitamins responsible for antioxidant activity in 100 g of the functional drink "Sunny" is 290.4 mg/100 g. | Культура айвы японской (хеномелес) является новой для садоводства и перерабатывающей промышленности России. В лаборатории хранения и переработки плодов и ягод Северо-Кавказского федерального научного центра садоводства, виноградарства, виноделия проведен сравнительный анализ химических показателей качества плодов хеномелеса (12 сортов) и айвы домашней (6 сортов). Установлены особенности отличающие плоды хеномелеса от культурных сортов айвы домашней, которые позволяют рекомендовать хеномелес для производства напитков функционального назначения. Плоды хеномелеса содержат мало сухих веществ, но значительно превосходят по количеству органических кислот плоды других семечковых культур. Они содержат комплекс биологически активных веществ, необходимых организму человека: витамины С, Р, полифенольные и пектиновые вещества. Содержание витаминов, особенно витамина С, в плодах хеномелеса намного больше, чем в плодах айвы культурных сортов. Полифенольный комплекс хеномелеса представлен лейкоантоцианами и флавонолами. Среди исследованных сортов хеномелеса наиболее высокими показателями по содержанию витаминов С (более 200 мг/100 г) отличаются сорта R: rubra и Jot Frail, а по содержанию витамина Р (более 400 мг/100 г) – Zot Frail, Crimson and Golol 5, Овальная, Jot Frail и Признание. Плоды хеномелеса могут входить в купаж при производстве консервной продукции (пюре, нектары, соки с мякотью, напитки, повидло и др.). Разработаны рецептурные модели напитка ''Солнечный'' на основе яблочного сока и пюре из плодов хеномелеса, с содержанием растворимых сухих веществ в готовом продукте не менее 11%. Параллельно с определением баланса питательных элементов произведена балансировка разрабатываемого напитка по основным органолептическим показателям. Установлено, что содержание витаминов, обуславливающих антиоксидантную активность, в 100 г напитка функционального назначения ''Солнечный'' составляет 290,4 мг/100 г.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

Vologirov, A.K. | Dzhaboeva, A.S. | Vasyukova, A.T. | Khatko, Z.N. | Blyagoz, A.I.

An analysis of the functional ingredient market indicates the prospects of organizing the production of domestic inulin and other biologically active components using various anatomical parts of Jerusalem artichoke. The goal of the research carried out in 2018-2023 was to develop a technology for inulin and chlorophyll production from Jerusalem artichoke tubers and leaves. Tubers and leaves of 'Interes' Jerusalem artichoke grown in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic were the research objects. Generally accepted physical and chemical methods for studying plant objects and standard methods of statistical analysis were applied in the research. The comparative chemical composition analysis of two anatomical parts of Jerusalem artichoke showed that the mass fraction of inulin and proteins in tubers was 6.8 and 1.1 times higher compared to than in the leaves; and the contents of fat, fiber, and ash in Jerusalem artichoke leaves was 2.1, 4.5 and 2.7 times higher than in tubers. The highest concentration of inulin in the extract (8%) was achieved when the mass ratio of the raw material and 60% aqueous-alcohol solution was 1:2.3, at 75 deg. C, and duration of the hydrolysis-extraction process of 40 min. The molecular weight of inulin produced from 'Interes' Jerusalem artichoke tubers was 5.84 kDa. A technology was developed to isolate inulin from artichoke tubers. It is based on fractioning a mixture of components with different molecular weights, by molecular and weight separation of the inulin-containing extract in an ultrafiltration unit using nanofiltration. It was revealed that Jerusalem artichoke leaves contained chlorophyll a and b in amounts of 6.98 and 0.74 mg/g of wet matter. The method for obtaining copper chlorophyll derivatives from Jerusalem artichoke leaves with a maximum yield of copper chlorophyll derivatives and a minimum content of toxic copper ions was optimized. The resulting products can be used in the food industry. | Анализ состояния рынка функциональных ингредиентов свидетельствует о перспективности организации производства отечественного инулина и других биологически активных компонентов из различных анатомических частей топинамбура. Целью исследования, проведенного в 2018-2023 гг., была разработка технологии производства инулина и хлорофилла из клубней и листьев топинамбура. Объектами исследования служили клубни и листья топинамбура сорта Интерес, выращенного в Кабардино-Балкарской Республике. В работе использовали общепринятые физико-химические методы исследования растительных объектов и стандартные методы статистического анализа. Сравнительный анализ химического состава анатомических частей топинамбура показал, что массовая доля инулина и протеинов в клубнях топинамбура выше по сравнению с их содержанием в листьях в 6,8 и 1,1 раза, а жиров, клетчатки и золы в листьях топинамбура больше, чем клубнях, в 2,1, 4,5 и 2,7 раза соответственно. Наибольшая концентрация инулина в экстракте (8%) достигается при соотношении масс сырья и 60%-ного водно-спиртового раствора 1:2,3, температуре 75 град. С, продолжительности процесса гидролиза-экстрагирования 40 минут. Молекулярная масса инулина, полученного из клубней топинамбура сорта Интерес, составляет 5,84 кДа. Разработана технология выделения инулина из клубней топинамбура, основанная на фракционировании смеси компонентов с различной молекулярной массой, за счет молекулярно-массовой сепарации инулинсодержащего экстракта на ультрафильтрационной установке методом нанофильтрации. Выявлено, что листья топинамбура содержат хлорофилл a и b в количестве 6,98 и 0,74 мг/г сырого вещества. Оптимизирован метод получения медных производных хлорофиллов из листьев топинамбура с максимальным выходом медных производных хлорофиллов и минимальным содержанием токсичных ионов меди. Полученные продукты могут применяться в пищевой промышленности.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

Bohounton, Roméo Barnabé | Yédjinnavênan Djihinto, Oswald | Sedjro-Ludolphe Dedome, Oronce | Mahudro Yovo, Réné | Djossou, Laurette | Koba, Koffi | Adomou, Aristide | Villeneuve, Pierre | Salako Djogbénou, Luc | Tchobo, Paul Fidèle

The essential oil (EO) of plants of the Poaceae family has diverse chemical constituents with several biological properties. But, data on the chemical constituents and toxicity are still unavailable for some species belonging to this family, such as Euclasta condylotricha Steud (Eu. condylotricha). In this study, the chemical composition of the EOs of Eu. condylotricha flowers was evaluated by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The EOs larvicidal property was assessed against third instar larvae of three Anopheles gambiae laboratory strains (Kisumu, Acerkis and Kiskdr) according to the WHO standard protocol. The percentage yields of the EOs obtained from hydro distillation of Eu. condylotricha flowers varied 0.070 to 0.097%. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) applied to the EOs revealed fifty-five (55) chemical constituents, representing 94.95% to 97.78% of the total essential oils. Although different chemical profiles of the dominant terpenes were observed for each sample, EOs were generally dominated by sesquiterpenoids with juvenile hormones as the major compounds. The primary compounds were juvenile hormone C16 (JH III) (35.97–48.72%), Methyl farnesoate 10,11-diol (18.56–28.73%), tau-Cadinol (18.54%), and β-Eudesmene (12.75–13.46%). Eu. condylotricha EOs showed a strong larvicidal activity with LC50 values ranging from 35.21 to 52.34 ppm after 24 hours of exposition. This study showed that Eu. Condylotricha flowers essential oils are potent sources of juvenile hormones that could be a promising tool for developing an eco-friendly malaria vector control strategy.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement - France

2023

Cabral Cezario, Luis Filipe | Dias Junior, Ananias Francisco | Moreira da Silva, Alison | Almeida Santos, Otávio Neto | Meza Ucella-Filho, João Gilberto | de Paula Protásio, Thiago | Profeti, Demetrius | Saloni, Daniel | Rousset, Patrick

The use of biomass as a source of bioenergy has intensified in recent years and has gained strength in replacing fossil fuels and their derivatives. Jatropha curcas L. oil is currently used as a raw material for the production of biodiesel through the physical extraction of the fruit, generating a large amount of waste. The heterogeneity characteristics of these materials impose the need for thermal pre-treatments for their recovery, such as torrefaction. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the biomass of Jatropha curcas as affected by water availability and its response to the torrefaction process. This research analyzed the biomass physical, chemical, and energy characteristics. TGA/DTG evaluated the thermo-degradation profile, and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) determined the aromatic chemical structure. The fresh biomass of epicarp and cake presented different behaviors regarding water availability conditions, as variations in lignin contents from 29% to 2.7% and 30.9%–5.7%, respectively, and extractive range from 45.3% to 19.8% and 44.6%–21.6%, respectively. Torrefaction contributed to the increase in physical-chemical characteristics such as lignin and fixed carbon levels, from 29% to 82.4% and 19.8%–52.7%, respectively, and net calorific value of biomass, valuing them for energy use, as well as to decrease in the content of volatile materials from 80.7% to 71.8%. Using renewable biomass of Jatropha curcas cake and epicarp for energy purposes contributes to the reduction of environmental impacts by reducing the disposal of these residues in the environment, providing a sustainable and more efficient destination.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement - France

2023

Jacob, Vincent | Ramiaranjatovo, Iharilala Gaëlle | Persyn, Emma | Machara, Ales | Kyjaková, Pavlína | Atiama-Nurbel, Toulassi | Pompeiano, Antonio | Benelli, Giovanni | De Meyer, Marc | Vaníckova, Lucie

The melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is considered to be the most destructive pest of melons and other related cucurbit crops worldwide. Despite the potential of behaviour-based control strategies, little is known about the mechanisms involved in female mate choice. Herein, we investigated the production and chemoreception of cuticular hydrocarbons in both sexes of Z. cucurbitae, and the behavioural responses they induce. We studied the epicuticular composition of virgin males and females, using two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric detection. Data were interpreted using multivariate factorial analysis. The differentiation of chemical profiles was consistently observed over time. In young individuals, the chemical profiles did not differ between sexes, while sex-specific differences were noted in mature flies. The fly olfactory sensitivity to these compounds was explored using gas chromatography combined with chopped triple electroantennography and electropalpography detectors. This extensive exploration of the pest olfactory sensitivity highlighted three compounds produced by the male. When blended, they induced a robust positive response in unmated naive females in a six-choice olfactometer. The responsiveness of other Tephritidae species (a polyphagous species Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and the cucurbit specialist Dacus demmerezi (Bezzi)) to whole body extracts of Z. cucurbitae was also investigated. Our findings showed that Z. cucurbitae uses species-specific olfactory receptors to detect male produced compounds. In addition, the palps were sensitive to a female-specific component, 1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane, which the males produce in minute quantities. Overall, this study provides a starting point for a pheromone-based tephritid lure that targets unmated females. The potential implications for pest management are discussed.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement - France

2023

Kharlamov, A.V. | Frolov, A.N. | Panin, V.A.

The studies were carried out involving goats of the Orenburg breed (n= 100) at the age of 36 months, with a live weight of 38.63±0.72 kg. Experimental studies were carried out in 2 stages. At the first stage, an evaluation of the yielding qualities of female goats was realized by the 2-fold combing. At the second stage, with reference to the data of the goat down productivity, the percentile method was used for dividing the goats into 3 groups: group I - up to the 25th percentile (n=30, fleece–143.2±7.01 g), group II - 25-75 percentile (n=36, fleece - 207.5±7.81 g), group III – above 75 percentile (n=34, fleece - 313±11.39 g). The estimated indicators are concentration of 48 chemical elements in down fiber, qualitative characteristics of down. The results of the experiment showed that because down productivity was a criterion for dividing into groups, the largest fleece was found in goats of group III. They had an advantage relative to herdmates in this indicator compared to groups I and II by 118.58% and 50.84%, respectively. Evaluation of the elemental status of female goats based on the concentrations of chemical elements in the down showed that low-yielding goats were characterized by high concentrations of Mg, Na, Se compared with group II, and Ca, Cd, Co, Mg, Pb, Si, Sr, V compared with group III, and low concentrations of Ag. It is concluded that the content of Ca, Co, Si, Mg, Ag, Cd, Pb, Sr, V in down fibers can predict the yielding (down) qualities of Orenburg female goats. | Исследования проведены на козах оренбургской породы (n=100) в возрасте 36 месяцев, живой массой 38,63±0,72 кг. Экспериментальные исследования осуществлены в 2 этапа. На первом проведена оценка продуктивных качеств коз путем 2-кратной чески. На втором этапе, учитывая результаты показателей пуховой продуктивности коз, процентильным методом разделили их на 3 группы: I-я – до 25 процентиля (n=30, начес – 143,2±7,01 г), II-я – 25-75 процентиль (n=36, начес – 207,5±7,81 г), III-я – выше 75 процентиля (n=34, начес – 313,0±11,39 г). Оцениваемые показатели: концентрация 48 химических элементов в пуховом волокне, качественные характеристики пуха. Результаты эксперимента: в связи с тем, что пуховая продуктивность была критерием разделения животных на группы, самый большой начес пуха установлен у коз третьей группы, имевших достоверно более высокие его значения относительно сверстниц второй и третьей групп: на 118,58%, и 50,84% соответственно. Оценка элементного статуса коз, на основании концентраций химических элементов в пухе, показала, что для низкопродуктивных коз были характерны большие концентрации Mg, Na, Se по сравнению со II-й группой и Ca, Cd, Co, Mg, Pb, Si, Sr, V по сравнению с III-й, и низкие концентрации Ag. Сделан вывод, что по содержанию Ca, Сo, Si, Mg, Ag, Cd, Pb, Sr, V в пуховых волокнах можно прогнозировать продуктивные (пуховые) качества коз Оренбургской породы.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation