AGRIS - 

2020

Abdollahi, H., University of Bergen (Norway). Dept. of Geography. System Dynamics Group

Attaining continuous economic growth entails special consideration of energy sector and the environment. Compliance with this purpose may be more intricate in the uncertain milieu of developing countries. The present paper examines the nature of causality between energy consumption, environment pollution, and economic growth in 8 contiguous developing countries, considering GDP per capita, CO2 emissions, energy use, labour force, total population, urban population, capital formation, financial development, and trade openness. The author applied spatial simultaneous equations for random effects panel data to investigate the spatial interactions of adjacent countries over the period from 1998 to 2011. The findings reveal that energy consumption, environment degradation, and economic growth of a country influence those of its neighbours. Additionally, the results document bidirectional causal relationship between economic growth and environment pollution, as well as between environment pollution and energy consumption. Thus, there is a bidirectional relationship between energy use and economic growth. Fossil fuels replacement with renewable energy and usage of tax instruments to reduce greenhouse gas are recommended.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2016

Dykanets,V.P.

Innovation is one of the factors increasing the efficiency and increase the production volume by increasing its competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets. The article shows the cost-effectiveness of innovative technologies in OJSC Bellakt. The introduction of innovative technologies in production has allowed to Volkovysk OJSC Bellakt to produce and sell new types of products, to improve the quality of products that has provided competitiveness of the classical assortment, has allowed to increase the volumes of monetary receipts to the enterprise due to the growth of export deliveries, to carry out economy of fuel and energy resources, to renew fixed assets of the enterprise, to increase labor productivity, etc. | Инновации являются одним из факторов повышения эффективности и увеличения объемов производства продукции при повышении ее конкурентоспособности на внутреннем и на внешнем рынке. В статье показана экономическая эффективность инновационных технологий в ОАО Беллакт. Внедрение в производство инновационных технологий позволило Волковысскому ОАО Беллакт производить и реализовывать новые виды продукции, улучшить качество выпускаемой продукции, что обеспечило конкурентоспособность классического ассортимента, позволило увеличить объемы денежных поступлений на предприятие за счет роста экспортных поставок, осуществить экономию ТЭР, обновить основные фонды предприятия, увеличить производительность труда и пр.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2016

Tsikunova,O.G.

s resistance to adverse environmental factors, reduce the incidence by 10%, increase in the average daily gain of 29,7%, live weight at the end of -preventive period by 5% in comparison with the animals contained in the individual cells of the calf room. The economic analysis of the spent research-and-production experience has shown, that the calves’ maintenance during preventive the period in individual cages in the open air brings significant economic effect in comparison with control group which was kept in the calf room, and allows to receive 42431 rbl. of profit per one head. | Исследования по изучению эффективности использования различных способов выращивания молодняка телят в профилакторный период проводились в СПК Молотковичи Пинского района. Для выяснения эффективности способа содержания молодняка в индивидуальных клетках телятника и в индивидуальных домиках на открытом воздухе были сформированы 2 группы (контрольная и опытная) телят белорусской черно-пестрой породы по 10 голов в каждой.Выращивание телят в индивидуальных клетках на открытом воздухе способствует увеличению сохранности и росту молодняка. Позволяет избежать в некоторой степени контактов с условно-патогенной микрофлорой, способствует повышению устойчивости организма к воздействию неблагоприятных факторов внешней среды, снижению заболеваемости на 10 %, повышению среднесуточного прироста на 29,7 %, живой массы в конце профилакторного периода на 5 % в сравнении с животными, содержащимися в индивидуальных клетках телятника. Экономический анализ проведенного научно-производственного опыта показал, что содержание телят в профилакторный период в индивидуальных клетках на открытом воздухе приносит ощутимый экономический эффект в сравнении с контрольной группой, которая содержалась в телятнике, и позволяет получить 42431 руб. прибыли в расчете на одну голову. | Researches on the study of the effectiveness of the use of various methods of growing young calves during the preventive period were conducted in the AIC Molotkovichi in the Pinsk district.For determination of efficiency of the method of young growth maintenance in individual cages of calf room and in individual small houses in open air 2 groups (control and skilled) of calves of the Belarusian black-motley with 10 heads in each were formed.It is established, that growing calves in individual cages in the open air contributes to the preservation and growth of young animals. Allows you to avoid some degree of contacts with pathogenic microflora, enhances the body&#039

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2016

Ruban,T.E. | Ruban,S.Iu.

In a course of the research there was studied the process of management of credit risks of commercial banks, studied one of the elements of this process - assessment of credit risks, based the expediency of quantitative assessment of credit risks on the basis of economic and mathematical modeling, proposed a method of logistic regression to assess the creditworthiness of the company-borrower as the main factor of credit risks, and presented the results of calculations of the probability of credit repayment by potential borrowing enterprises. Obviously, the critical (threshold) level of credit risk, at which a decision is made to refuse to provide a loan, each bank must determine independently, taking into account the objectives of its credit policy, as well as the established practice of lending. | Исследован процесс управления кредитными рисками коммерческих банков, рассмотрен один из элементов этого процесса - оценка кредитных рисков, обоснована целесообразность количественной оценки кредитных рисков на основе экономико-математического моделирования, предложен метод логистической регрессии для оценки кредитоспособности предприятия-заемщика как главного фактора кредитных рисков, представлены результаты расчетов вероятности возврата кредита потенциальными предприятиями-заемщиками. Очевидно, что критический (пороговый) уровень кредитного риска, при котором принимается решение об отказе в предоставлении кредита, каждый банк должен определять самостоятельно, с учетом задач его кредитной политики, а также сложившейся практики кредитования.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2016

Minina,N.N.

In a course of the research there was studied accumulation of capital as a factor of economic growth. The research was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. As a result of realized research there were revealed the group of factors that determine the differences in the pace of economic growth in the world. Particular attention is paid to the problem of the accumulation of capital. On the basis of data from the past 45 years for 86 countries, there was calculated the rate of economic growth and savings rates. On the basis of data of the Statistical Division of the United Nations (UN) and the National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus for 1990-2014, there was made a correlation model, which reflects the influence of economic growth and capital accumulation on the value of expenses for final consumption by the population of the Republic of Belarus and allows determining the optimum rate of savings. | Приведена группировка факторов, определяющих различия в темпах экономического роста стран мира. Особое внимание уделяется проблеме накопления капитала. На основе данных за последние 45 лет по 86 странам мира рассчитаны темпы экономического роста и нормы сбережений. На основе данных статистического отдела Организации Объединенных Наций (ООН) и Национального статистического комитета Республики Беларусь за 1990-2014 гг. построена корреляционная модель, отражающая влияние экономического роста и накопления капитала на величину расходов на темное потребление населения Республики Беларусь и позволяющая определить оптимальную норму накоплений.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2016

Gusakov,V.G. | Belsky,V.I. | Shpak,A.P.

s food security. The institute takes an active part in the development of various programs and projects on scientific and technical cooperation. The Institute is studying the problems of balancing foreign trade in the products of the Belarusian agribusiness in the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union in the context of the balanced development of the domestic market. Specialists of the Institute are experts on food security issues within the CIS, the Belarus-Russia Union State and the Eurasian Economic Union. | The Institute for System Studies Research in Agroindustrial Complex of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus is the leading national scientific institution in the field of agrarian economics. Through its research, the institute covers all the main areas of scientific support of organizational, economic, institutional and social development of the national agro-industrial complex. At present, the Institute for System Studies Research in Agroindustrial Complex is the only scientific institution in the country that deals with scientific research in the field of agrarian economics. It develops the theory and methodology of effective development and functioning of the agroindustrial complex in the current economic conditions, strategy and tactics of regulation of agro-industrial production. The institute studies the regularities and methodological principles of restructuring the existing organizational and economic forms and the formation of effective cooperative integration structures, recommendations and proposals for the formation and rational use of the resource potential, strengthening the motivation for labor and production, and improving the country&#039 | Институт системных исследований в АПК НАН Беларуси – это головное научное учреждение Беларуси в области аграрной экономики. Своими исследованиями Институт охватывает все основные направления научного сопровождения организационно-экономического, институционального и социального развития национального агропромышленного комплекса. В настоящее время Институт – единственное в стране научное учреждение, которое занимается научными исследованиями в области аграрной экономики, разрабатывает теорию и методологию эффективного развития и функционирования АПК в современных условиях хозяйствования, стратегию и тактику регулирования агропромышленного производства. Изучает закономерности и методические принципы реструктуризации существующих организационно-хозяйственных форм и образования действенных кооперативно-интеграционных структур, рекомендации и предложения по формированию и рациональному использованию ресурсного потенциала, усилению мотивации труда и производства, повышению продовольственной безопасности страны. Институт системных исследований в АПК НАН Беларуси активно принимает участие в разработке различных программ и проектов по научно-техническому сотрудничеству. В Институте изучаются проблемы сбалансированности внешней торговли продукцией АПК Беларуси в рамках ЕАЭС в контексте сбалансированности развития внутреннего рынка. Специалисты Института выступают экспертами по вопросам продовольственной безопасности в рамках СНГ, Союзного государства Беларуси и России, Евразийского экономического союза.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2015

Usova,O.V.

Research to promote the viability of stocking material of the Lena sturgeon found that the introduction of a complex of vitamins (A, D, E) at a dose of 0,3 mg / l immediately after fertilization can improve the number of fish performance (prelarvae output at the end of the incubation period, 5 percentage points, a decline of day incubation period, increasing the survival rate of 60-day larvae by 12 percentage points in comparison with the traditional cultivation, biological - in the body of the Lena sturgeon of the experimental group (receiving vitamin complex) in comparison with the control group nitrogen content increased on 0,71 percentage points, protein - on 4,47 percentage points, that may be the indication of better metabolism of substances in an organism of fishes. Economic performance (the use of methods of stimulation allows to receive 20% cheaper planting material Lena sturgeon than imported from abroad). | Исследованиями по стимулированию жизнестойкости рыбопосадочного материала ленского осетра установлено, что внесение комплекса витаминов (А, D, Е) в дозировке 0,3 мг/л сразу после оплодотворения позволяет улучшить ряд рыбоводных показателей (выход предличинки в конце периода инкубации на 5 п.п., снижение на сутки периода инкубации икры, повышение выживаемости у 60-дневной личинки на 12 п.п.) по сравнению с традиционным выращиванием, биологических - в теле ленского осетра опытной группы (получавшего витаминный комплекс) по сравнению с контрольной повышается содержание азота на 0,71 п.п., протеина на 4,47 п.п., что может быть свидетельством более качественного метаболизма веществ в организме рыб, и экономических показателей (использование методов стимулирования позволяет получать на 20% более дешевый посадочный материал ленского осетра, чем завозимый из-за границы).

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2013

Gusakov, V.G., National Academy of Sciences, Minsk (Belarus). Presidium

Sustainable development of agriculture of the Republic of Belarus depends on many factors, determining production and realization volumes, income sizes and profitability levels. Profit appears one of the most important criteria of any commercial business, aside from property form and production sphere. Therefore, profit appears the most essential source of sustainable economic development of any branch of national economy, including agro-industrial complex. The article presents the complete economic analysis of the situation of profit-earning in the agro-industrial complex of Belarusian economy and offers the suggestions of radical improvement of the national agro-industrial complex. The basic factors and mechanisms, influencing the process of the development of agro-industry include intensification and concentration of production, specialization and location, cooperation and integration, investments in the production development, government control, entrepreneurship and personnel, labor motivation, labor productivity, quality of products, use of norms and regulations in production.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2012

Kuzmich, L.I., National Academy of Sciences, Minsk (Belarus). Institute of System Studies in Agro - Industrial Complex

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was presented a critical analysis of economic definitions of a category 'competitive capacity of an enterprise'. There were studied approaches to disclosure of the essence of competitiveness, and also advantages and disadvantages. There was presented a structure of factors of internal and external environment defining the competitiveness of an enterprise. Among the internal factors there were analysed the following ones: human resources; marketing resources; managerial factors; financial and economic factors; production and technological ones. Among the external factors there were considered the following: market factors; natural and geographical conditions; institutional actors; industrial and branch factors.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus

2012

Kazakevich, A.V. | Skoropanova, L.S. | Barachenya, I.G., National Academy of Sciences, Minsk (Belarus). Institute of System Studies in Agro - Industrial Complex

In modern economic conditions farms proved to be one of the most mass subjects of agroindustrial complex management in the Republic of Belarus. For the perfection of the mechanism of functioning of farms, including those which had already acquired rights and duties of the reformed agricultural organizations, it was necessary to assess the efficiency of farm activities. In course of the study there was analysed a complex of the parameters defining the efficiency of functioning and steady development of farms as subjects of enterprise activity. The methodology of estimation of functioning efficiency of farms consists in application of a system of parameters of production, economic, investment activity, financial situation, economic efficiency and social development. At the same time, there can be used the following basic criteria defining the efficiency of commercial organizations functioning in agrarian sector as a whole and farms in particular: increase of gross production of agriculture; investment quote into transferred assets; financial situation; profitability of sales and monthly average wages of workers.

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National Academy of Sciences of Belarus - Belarus