AGRIS - 

2019

Yarysh, V.L. | Rogovoy, V.I. | Shvez, Yu.P. | Shilovskaya, E.A.

In this article it is described the studies of Pistacia mutica plantings and their taxation structure is determined in Crimea. P. mutica is listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, the Red Book of the Republic of Crimea. On the territory of the forest fond of Crimea, pistachio planta- tions occupy an area of 18,1 hectares. The range of plantations of P. mutica occupies a zone of dry and semi-dry subtropics. Materials from permanent sample plots on the territory of the Karadag natural Reserve located in the south-east of Crimea were used in the research. The studies were carried out using generally accepted methods in forestry and forest inventory, as well as methods of mathematical statistics. Growth conditions, productivity of pistachio plantations in various edatopes are revealed. The plantations of P. mutica are formed mainly in very dry subor (B0 ), as well as in very dry and dry sudubrava (C0–1). In the process of work, the distribution of the number of trees in steps of thickness and height was established. Rows of the distribution of the number of trees in height steps are characterized by peaking, as well as right-handed and left-handed asymmetry. The rows of the distribution on the number of trees by diameter are characterized by peaking and right- handed asymmetry. The paper presents the results of statistical data processing on the diameter of the trunk and the height of the trees P. mutica. The productivity of pistachio plantations in Crimea is low with low fullness and margin. The age structure of pistachio plantations in the Crimea is mostly uneven. The type of tree place- ment is predominantly weakly contagious and contagious. The reveled features of the taxation structure of plantations of P. mutica must be taken into ac- count when carrying out economic activities aimed at the formation of productive and sustainable stands in the southeastern Crimea.

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Saint Petersburg Forestry Research Institute - Russian Federation

2017

Egorov, A.B. | Postnikov, A.M. | Bubnov, A.A. | Pavluchenkova, L.N. | Partolina, A.N.

One of primary goals of a forestry in a coniferous-platyphyllous forest and a taiga zone of the European part of the Russian Federation - reproduction of highly productive valuable coni- ferous stands. It is known, that at clear fellings in productive site types negative influence of undesirable vegetation on cultures of coniferous plantations is greatest. The greatest danger to forest plantations the herbaceous vegetation represents to the first years after their creation, later – a coppice shoot and root off-springs deciduous tree species. The most effective method of control of undesirable vegetation is chemical, providing application of the modern herbicides which are meeting the requirements of modern ecological safety and registered for application in a forestry of the Russian Federation. In connection with growth of the areas of the plantations created by a ball-rooted seedlings, more and more actual there is a problem of their protection against negative influence of undesirable vegetation. In connection with specific features of a planting material of the modern forest selection-seed-growing centres and greenhouse com- plexes (height of stem, diameter of root collar, volume of container, biological age less than two years), developed before the recommendation for application of herbicides for a care of plantations demand updating. On the basis of the carried out researches the basic technology schedules of application of herbicides and their mixtures were developed at chemical treatment the areas under planting of pine and spruce plantations created of the ball-rooted seedlings.

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Saint Petersburg Forestry Research Institute - Russian Federation

2017

Egorov, A.B. | Bubnov, A.A. | Pavluchenkova, L.N. | Partolina, A.N. | Postnikov, A.M.

One of primary goals of a forestry in a coniferous-platyphyllous forest and a taiga zone of the European part of the Russian Federation - reproduction of highly productive valuable coniferous stands. The greatest danger to forest plantations the herbaceous vegetation and coppice shoot of decidious tree species represents to the first years after their creation. Most sharply this problem arises in productive site conditions. More often the unsatisfactory condition of spruce and pine plantations, down to their destruction, is caused by insufficient quantity and quality of care of them. Mechanical methods of control of unwanted vegetation toilful and insufficiently effective. The most effective and economic method of reduction of a competition on the part of undesirable vegetation is chemical, providing application of the modern herbicides which are meeting the requirements of modern ecological safety and registered for application in a forestry of the Russian Federation. With each year the areas of the wood plantations created by a ball-rooted seedlings are increased. In connection with specific features of a planting material of the modern forest selection-seed-growing centres and greenhouse complexes (low height and diameter of stem, volume of container 80-110 см3 , biological age less than two years), developed before the recommendation for application of herbicides for a care of plantations demand updating. During researches herbicides and their mixes (roundup, anchor-85), and also the basic technology schedules of application (rates and times of their application) were developed at agrotechnical care of pine and spruce plantations created of the ball-rooted seedlings.

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Saint Petersburg Forestry Research Institute - Russian Federation

2016

Nikolaev A.I.

The article presents new methods in the assessment of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of forest stands using unmanned remotely piloted aircraft and analysis of the cores of woody plants based on dendrochronology and biometrics. Field studies are based on collecting information from sample plots photographic methods and selection of the cores of woody plants. Processing the photograph based on the analysis of visual data and the interpretation of spatial sizes of the studied objects depending on the parameters used photographic equipment. To expedite office work and enhance its quality the author developed a smart software that minimizes manual labor and the appearance of human mistakes. The software is built on self-learning architecture that allows accumulating, analyzing and applying the experience to future work. As a result of the formed 3D model of the studied forest, with the mathematical calculation of forest indices of which allow to study objects of any resolution precision in size and time. In parallel with mathematical calculation and the three-dimensional model of forest plantations, examines all possible patterns of growth and development of forest stands, as laid down in the software databases and vast experience of the programs themselves. The connection methods of processing of terrestrial photographs and remote imagery and analysis of wood cores together with application of self-learning and high performance computing systems allow multiple units to increase the quality, speed and informative value of the information collected on forest plantations, with the possibility of modeling and visualization of data in automatic mode. | В сообщении приведены новые методы оценки качественных и количественных характеристик лесных насаждений с применением беспилотных дистанционно-пилотируемых летательных аппаратов и анализа образцов древесины, основанном на дендрохронологии и биометрии. Полевые исследования строятся на сборе информации с пробных площадей фотографическими методами и отбором древесных кернов. Камеральная обработка фотоснимков основана на анализе визуальных данных и интерпретации пространственных размеров исследуемых объектов в зависимости от параметров применяемой фотоаппаратуры. Для ускорения камеральной работы и повышения ее качества автором разработано интеллектуальное программное обеспечение, позволяющие максимально сократить ручной труд и появление ошибок, связанных с человеческим фактором. Программное обеспечение построено по самообучаемой архитектуре, что позволяет накапливать, анализировать и применять получаемый опыт в будущем. В итоге формируется 3D-модель изучаемого лесного массива, с математическим обсчетом таксационных показателей, позволяющая исследовать объекты с любым разрешением точности по размерам и по времени. Параллельно с математическим обсчетом и построением трехмерной модели лесного насаждения анализируются все возможные закономерности роста и развития древостоев, как по заложенным в программное обеспечение базам данных, так и по накопленному опыту самих программ. Соединение методов обработки фотоматериалов наземной и дистанционной съемки и анализа древесных кернов совместно с применением самообучаемых высокопроизводительных вычислительных систем позволяют многократно повысить качество, скорость и информативность собираемой информации о лесных насаждениях, с возможностью моделирования и визуализации данных в автоматическом режиме.

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Saint Petersburg Forestry Research Institute - Russian Federation

2015

Partolina AN. | Egorov A.B.

Совершенствование химического метода путём применения баковых смесей современных гербицидов требует всесторонней оценки эффективности их использования и селективности по отношению к культурам. Подготовка площади химическим способом перед посадкой сеянцев позволяет обеспечивать сдерживание развития нежелательной растительности и благоприятствует росту и развитию высаженных растений. Цель исследования – подбор наиболее эффективных вариантов применения гербицидов для подавления нежелательной растительности и оценка их влияния на рост и развитие культур ели. Для повышения эффективности химической обработки были отобраны гербициды и смеси на основе следующих препаратов: раундап, ВР (360 г/л глифосата кислоты) | арсенал, ВК (250 г/л имазапира) и анкор-85, ВДГ (750 г/кг сульфометурон-метила). Исследования проводили в Ленинградской области на сплошных вырубках с последующей посадкой сеянцев ели европейской (Picea abies (L.) Karst). Представлены результаты полевых экспериментов по оценке эффективности действия гербицидов на нежелательную растительность и описывается состояние высаженных сеянцев. Установлено, что при химической обработке площади под посадку лесных культур на сплошных вырубках перспективны трёхкомпонентные баковые смеси со следующими нормами расхода препаратов: раундап – от 2,7 до 4 л/га, арсенал – от 0,5 до 1 л/га, анкор-85 – от 75 до 100 г/га, а также двухкомпонентная смесь (раундап, 4 л/га + анкор-85, 150 г/га). Подготовка вырубки перед посадкой сеянцев данными смесями позволяет в дальнейшем повысить приживаемость и сохранность культур ели в среднем на 30-40%, а биометрические показатели (d2h) – в 2,2-3,2 раза по сравнению с контрольным вариантом (без обработки гербицидами). Ингибирования роста сеянцев при применении гербицидов не наблюдалось. | Continuous improvement in the chemical method of applying modern herbicide tank mixtures requires their performance and selectivity to seedlings to be assessed comprehensively. Chemical site preparation prior to planting allows suppression of undesirable vegetation and facilitates the growth of the planting stock. The aim of the research is to find the most powerful ways to use herbicides to control unwanted vegetation and assess their impact on the growth and development of spruce plantations. To increase the effectiveness of the chemical treatment, the herbicides and mixtures containing Roundup, WC (360 g/l glyphosate acid), Arsenal, WC (250 g/l imazapyr) and Anchor-85, WDG (750 g/kg sulfometuron-methyl) were studied. The research was carried out in clear-cut areas in the Leningrad region, with the subsequent planting of spruce seedlings (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). The paper presents findings of the field experiments on how effective the herbicide mixtures were on undesirable vegetation and it also outlines the condition of the plantations. It is shown that the three-component mixtures (Roundup (2,7-4,0 l/ha), Arsenal (0,5- 1,0 l/ha) and Anchor-85 (75-100 g/ha)) as well as a two-component mixture «Roundup (4,0 l/ha) and Anchor-85 (150 g/ha)» are effective for chemical soil treatment in clear-cut areas for planting stock. Using these mixtures for site preparation prior to introducing the planting stock increases the survival rate and preservation of spruce seedlings by 30-40%, on average, compared with the control (no herbicide treatment), and the quality biometric parameters (d2h) by 2,2-3,2 times. When the herbicide mixtures were applied, there was no growth inhibition of spruce seedlings.

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Saint Petersburg Forestry Research Institute - Russian Federation

2015

Partolina AN. | Egorov A.B.

арсенал, ВК

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Saint Petersburg Forestry Research Institute - Russian Federation

2014

Ivanov A.M. | Shutov I.V. | Antonov O.I. | Vlasov R.V. | Sergienko V.G. | Belenets Ju.E. | Smirnov E.G. | Vyrodova S.A. | Stepanenko S.M.

The experimental data are given on the growth of pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) in forest plantation with definite number of seedlings per 1 ha and different distances between trees in rows and between rows. It is shown that at the age 30-45 years and at the same number of seedlings per 1 ha there are no differences in the characteristics of stands which are growing under condition when index of regularity changed from 1.0 up to 0.2.

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Saint Petersburg Forestry Research Institute - Russian Federation

2013

Smirnov I.A.

The features of distribution and status of forests with the participation of European ash in the Novgorod region. Inventory indices studied stands, the estimation of life, make the accounting of natural regeneration of ash. The measures for the conservation and restoration of ash forests are put down.

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Saint Petersburg Forestry Research Institute - Russian Federation

2013

Burtsev D.S.

The studies were conducted in the southern taiga subzone of the Leningrad Region. The object of the study were the 26-year-old Norway spruce forest plantations affected comprehensive care – in the plantation were thinning at the lower method and pruning. The changes in the vertical structure of the fractional aboveground biomass of the stand were analyzed. The dynamics of climate and groundwater levels under the influence of management activities spent was shown.

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Saint Petersburg Forestry Research Institute - Russian Federation

2013

Burtsev D.S.

The studies were conducted in the southern taiga subzone of the Leningrad Region. The object of the study were the 26-year-old Norway spruce forest plantations affected comprehensive care – in the plantation were thinning at the lower method and pruning. The changes in the vertical structure of the fractional aboveground biomass of the stand were analyzed. The dynamics of climate and groundwater levels under the influence of management activities spent was shown.

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Saint Petersburg Forestry Research Institute - Russian Federation