AGRIS - 

Data provenance by Country

2023

Sufyanova, Lilia M. | Kabanova, Tatyana V.

Introduction. Currently, in order to avoid buying adulterated milk, some consumers buy whole milk from private farms. However, when buying such a product, there is a risk of harm to health. This is due to the fact that some cattle owners may improperly take care of the health and housing conditions of the animals. The purpose of the article is to conduct a veterinary and sanitary assessment of raw milk samples obtained from subsidiary farms of the Republic of Mari El. Materials and methods. The material for the study was three samples of raw milk, which were obtained from different subsidiary farms. Organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of the selected samples were determined. Standardized methods were used to determine the indicators. Research results, discussions. All experimental samples were a homogeneous white liquid without sediment and flakes, with a clean pleasant taste and smell, which met the requirements of GOST 31449-2013. The values of all variants for physico-chemical parameters were also within the limits specified in the standard, which indicates the naturalness of milk. However, when determining the NMAFAnM, results were obtained that greatly exceeded the established requirements. When studying the cultures of samples on the CGB, it was found that there were no bacteria of this group in sample No. 2, unlike samples No. 1 and No. 3. According to the results of the microbiological assessment, it can be concluded that the animals from which milk was obtained were either kept in improper sanitary and hygienic conditions, or the milk obtained from them was seeded with microorganisms when it was packaged in consumer containers. Conclusion. In the course of the study, it was revealed that all samples comply with the requirements of GOST 31449-2013 for organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters. However, all the selected samples were found to exceed the values of microbiological indicators.

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Mari State University - Russian Federation

2023

Tarchokov, Kh.Sh. | Tutukova, D.A. | Marzhokhova, M.Kh.

In 2017–2019 under the conditions of "dry" farming in the steppe zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, the formation of yields of soft winter wheat grains was studied. Three varieties of winter soft wheat bred by the Agrarian Scientific Center (ASC) "Donskoy" were studied: Nakhodka, Etyud and Lilit. The variety Bezostaya-1 bred by the P.P. Lukyanenko National Grain Center was chosen as a standard. A significant, by 0.13-0.33 t/ha, advantage of the studied varieties over Bezostoy-1 in grain productivity has been found. The varieties of winter soft wheat Etyud and Lilit were selected by ripe grain quality indicators, high content of protein (15.3–15.8%), thousand-kernel weight (45.7–47.5 g) and natural weight (780– 790 g/l). In relatively moisture supply favorable years (2017, 2018) the average grain productivity of the studied varieties was 4.7 and 4.9 t/ha, respectively, against 4.5 t/ha in 2019. Economic calculations were conducted to determine the value of costs per 1 ha of planted acreage. On the crops of bred by the ASC "Donskoy" these costs amounted to 18700–20280 against 17560 rubles/ha on Bezostoy-1 crops. However, due to higher grain quality indicators, the net income, when thee varieties bred by the ASC "Donskoy" were culrivated, was 27,800–29,100 against 14,740 rub/ha, when the Bezostay-1 standard was cultivated. The profitability indicators at the respective areas were in the range of 142.5–156.0% (experiment) against 82.2% (standard). | В 2017–2019 гг. в условиях "сухого" земледелия в степной зоне Кабардино-Балкарии изучали формирование урожайности и качества зерна озимой мягкой пшеницы. Исследовали 3 сорта озимой мягкой пшеницы селекции АНЦ "Донской": Находка, Этюд и Лилит. Сорт Безостая-1 селекции НЦЗ им. П. П. Лукьяненко был выбран за стандарт. Установлено достоверное, на 0,13–0,33 т/га, преимущество изучаемых сортов над Безостой-1 по зерновой продуктивности. Сорта озимой мягкой пшеницы Этюд и Лилит выделили по качественным показателям спелого зерна: высокому содержанию белка (15,3–15,8%), массе 1000 зерен (45,7–47,5 г) и натуре (780–790 г/л). В относительно благоприятные по влагообеспеченности годы (2017, 2018.) средняя зерновая продуктивность изучаемых сортов составила 4,7 и 4,9 т/га соответственно, против 4,5 т/га в 2019 г. Проведены экономические расчеты по определению величины затрат на 1 га посевной площади. На посевах сортов селекции АНЦ "Донской" эти затраты составили 18700–20280 против 17560 руб./га на посевах Безостой-1. Однако за счет более высоких качественных показателей зерна условно чистый доход при возделывании сортов селекции АНЦ "Донской" составил 27800–29100 против 14740 руб./га при возделывании стандарта Безостая-1. Показатели рентабельности на соответствующих участках находились в пределах 142,5–156,0% (опыт) против 82,2% (стандарт).

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

Yusova, O.A. | Nikolaev, P.N.

For the production of high-quality grain, the creation of new varieties with high productivity and quality is a prerequisite. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties from the collection nursery in order to identify the most promising ones in breeding for grain quality. The results of studies of 48 varieties of the collection nursery in terms of yield, content of protein, starch, and crude fat in grain for the period 2019– 2021 were presented. The studies were carried out on the plots with an area of 2 m2 in fourfold repetition, with a seeding rate of 4 million germinating grains/ha. 'Omskiy 95' bred by the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center was used as the standard (St.). This variety was included in the State Register of the Russian Federation in 2006. In the collection nursery, the share of samples exceeding the standard in terms of yield, protein and crude fat content in the grain was only 13–14%; in terms of starch content – 60%. The increased variability of the studied parameters (coefficient of variation exceeds 20%) means provides powerful capabilities for selection according to the maximum evidence of features. The formation of features was chiefly influenced by the conditions of the year (the share of the factor "year" varied from 50.5 to 90.7%). As a result, the most promising varieties in terms of complex of grain indicators of were identified. 'Pospekh', 'Tercel' and 'Issota' are characterized by increased yield productivity (+0.62–1.66 g/m2 against St), protein content in grain (+0.7–1.9% against St.), starch content (+1.5–5.9% against St.) and crude fat content (+0.6–1.3% against St.). 'Sloop SA' had a yield gain (0.79 g/m2 against St.), higher protein (+0.6% against St.) and crude fat (+0.5% against St.) contents. 'Soborniy' has a yield of +0.72 g/m2 against St., protein of +1.6% against St., and starch of+3.3 against St. 'Evergran' had the following advantages against the standard: yield of +0.66 g/m2, starch of +2.7%, crude fat of +0.7%. | Для производства высококачественного зерна необходимым условием является создание новых сортов с высокими продуктивностью и качеством. Цель исследований – оценка сортообразцов ярового ячменя (Hordeum vulgare L.) коллекционного питомника для выделения наиболее перспективных в селекции на качество зерна. Представлены результаты исследований 48 сортообразцов коллекционного питомника по урожайности, содержанию в зерне белка, крахмала и сырого жира за период 2019–2021 гг. Исследования проведены на делянках площадью 2 м2 в четырехкратной повторности, при норме высева 4 млн всхожих зерен/га. Стандартом выступал сорт Омский 95 селекции Омского аграрного научного центра, который в 2006 г. был включен в Госреестр РФ. В коллекционном питомнике доля образцов, превышающих стандарт по урожайности, содержанию в зерне белка и сырого жира составила всего 13–14%, содержанию крахмала – 60%. Повышенная изменчивость исследуемых показателей (коэффициент вариации больше 20%) означает широкие возможности для проведения отборов по максимальной выраженности признаков. Основное влияние на формирование признаков оказывали условия года (доля фактора "год" варьировала от 50,5 до 90,7%). В результате проведенных исследований выделены наиболее перспективные по комплексу показателей качества зерна сортообразцы. Поспех, Tercel, Issota характеризуются повышенной урожайностью (+0,62–1,66 г/м2 к St.), содержанием в зерне белка (+0,7–1,9% к St.), крахмала (+1,5–5,9% к St.) и сырого жира (+0,6–1,3% к St.). Сортообразец Sloop SA характеризовался прибавкой по урожайности (+0,79 г/м2 к St.), повышенным содержанием белка (+0,6% к St.) и сырого жира (+ 0,5% к St.). Сортообразец Соборный имел урожайность +0,72 г/м2 к St., содержание белка +1,6% к St., крахмала +3,3% к St., а сортообразец Эвергран имел урожайность +0,66 г/м2 к St., содержание крахмала +2,7% к St., сырого жира +0,7% к St.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

Smirnova, A.V. | Khlopov, A.A. | Lybenko, E.S.

Currently, a large number of drained lowland peat soils, including developed peat massifs, are used for the agricultural production. In this regard, it is of interest to assess the possibility of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) growing in monoculture on these soils to obtain stable yields with high product quality. The purpose of the research is an agroecological assessment of potato growing in monoculture on peat soils. The research was carried out in 2018–2022 on the basis of the Kirov Meadow and Bog Experimental Station – a branch of the Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology. The material for the study is tubers and potato plants of the 'Chaiyka' cultivar. The registered area of the plot is 0.25 hectares, the repetition is fourfold. Pre–sowing tillage is typical for the region. From 2018 to 2022, potato yields exceeded the average yield in the Kirov region almost every year. On average, in 2018–2020, the excess was 41%. In 2020 and 2022, the mass of the aboveground part (tops) was the maximum over the years of research and reached 8.1–8.2 t/ha. In 2020 and 2022, 3.5 and 3.9 kg of tubers were formed per 1 kg of tops, respectively. The phosphorus content in potato tubers obtained under conditions of permanent cultivation, namely 0.32% in 1 kg of dry matter, slightly exceeds the average phosphorus content in potatoes according to the average value, 0.27% in 1 kg of dry matter. Potassium in potato tubers during monoculture was slightly less (2.04% in 1 kg of dry matter), and calcium was significantly higher (0.82% in 1 kg of dry matter) than the average content of these elements in potato tubers. According to the assessment of agroecological efficiency, the energy costs of potato cultivation are recouped by the energy contained in the produced product by 2.2 times. | Для производства с.-х. продукции используется большое количество осушенных низинных торфяных почв, в том числе выработанных торфомассивов. Интерес представляет оценка возможности выращивания на этих почвах картофеля (Solanum tuberosum L.) в монокультуре и получения стабильных урожаев с высоким качеством продукции. Цель исследований – агроэкологическая оценка возделывания картофеля в условиях монокультуры на торфяных почвах. Исследования проведены в 2018–2022 гг. на базе Кировской лугоболотной опытной станции – филиала Всероссийского НИИ кормов имени В.Р. Вильямса. Материал для исследования – клубни и растения картофеля сорта Чайка. Учетная площадь делянки 0,25 га, повторность четырехкратная. Предпосевная обработка почвы – типичная для региона. С 2018 по 2022 г. урожайность картофеля практически каждый год превышала среднюю урожайность по Кировской области. В среднем за 2018–2020 гг. превышение составило 41%. В 2020 и 2022 гг. масса надземной части (ботвы) была максимальной за годы исследований и достигала 8,1–8,2 т/га. В 2020 и 2022 гг. на 1 кг ботвы формировалось 3,5 и 3,9 кг клубней соответственно. Содержание фосфора в клубнях картофеля, полученных в условиях бессменного выращивания (0,32% в 1 кг сухого вещества), незначительно превышает среднее содержание фосфора в картофеле согласно среднему значению (0,27% в 1 кг сухого вещества). Калия в клубнях картофеля при монокультуре было незначительно меньше (2,04% в 1 кг сухого вещества), а кальция значительно больше (0,82% в 1 кг сухого вещества) среднего содержания этих элементов в клубнях картофеля. Согласно оценке агроэкологической эффективности, затраты энергии на выращивание картофеля окупаются энергией, содержащейся в произведенном продукте, в 2,2 раза.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

Bandurko, I.A. | Daguzhieva, Z.Sh.

In Russia, pear breeding is conducted mainly for resistance to adverse environmental conditions, as well as for the compactness of trees, suitability for cultivation under intensive horticulture, fertility, and yield, ripening time, and fruit quality. A significant resource for breeding is represented by one of the largest pear collections, which is located at the Maikop Experimental Station, branch of the All-Union Research Institute of Plant Breeding (VIR). It contains 875 varieties, 248 species, varieties, forms, and hybrids, and is constantly replenished with new accessions. Pear breeding works was carried out here by A.S. Tuz and his followers starting since the 60-s of the twentieth century. The study of the growth characteristics of pear varieties and species made it possible to identify a large (more than 60) group of varieties that were determinant in growth vigor and thus expanded the possibilities of creating new genotypes suitable for intensive cultivation technologies. As a result of a comprehensive assessment of the source material, sources and donors of valuable traits promising for breeding in priority areas were identified. The breeding task was combining the above properties and traits in a genotype of new varieties. To obtain weak-growing hybrids, the weak-growing varieties 'Obilnaya', 'Jacques Tellier', 'Triomphe de Vienne', 'Amiral Gervais', 'De l'Assomption' and others were used. The variety 'Max Red Bartlett', 'Williams Krasny' and its descendants became the donors of the red fruit covering color. To improve the fruit quality and to late ripening, high-quality varieties such as 'Abbe Fetel', 'Doyenne d'Hiver', 'Martin', and others were used. As a result of simple and multi-stage crossings, the hybrid fund accounting for more than 100 accessions was created. The genotypes that had a complex of positive agronomic traits and were promising for production and breeding ('Biryuzovaya', 'Nezabudka', 'Vesnyanka', 'Sonata' and others) were isolated from it. | В России селекция груши ведется в основном на устойчивость к неблагоприятным условиям среды, а также на компактность деревьев и их пригодность для возделывания в садах интенсивного типа, скороплодность, урожайность, сроки созревания и качество плодов. Значительный ресурс для селекции представляет одна из крупнейших коллекций груши, которая находится на Майкопской опытной станции ВИР. Она насчитывает 875 сортов, 248 видов, разновидностей, форм и гибридов, постоянно пополняется новыми образцами. Селекционная работа с грушей проводилась здесь А.С. Тузом и его последователями, начиная с 60-х годов ХХ в. Изучение особенностей роста сортов и видов груши позволило выделить довольно большую (более 60) группу сортов, детерминантных по силе роста и таким образом расширить возможности создания новых генотипов, пригодных для возделывания по интенсивным технологиям. В результате комплексной оценки исходного материала были выделены источники и доноры ценных признаков, перспективные для селекции по приоритетным направлениям. Селекционной задачей было объединение генотипе новых сортов указанных выше свойств и признаков. Для получения слаборослых гибридов использовали слаборослые сорта Обильная, Jacques Tellier (Жак Телье), Triomphe de Vienne (Триумф Виенны), Amiral Gervais (Адмирал Жерве), De l'Assomption (Успенка) и другие. Донорами красной покровной окраски плода стали сорт Max Red Bartlett (Макс Ред Бартлет, Вильямс Красный) и его потомки. Для повышения качества плодов и позднего созревания использовали высококачественные сорта Abbe Fetel (Аббат Фетель), Doyenne d'Hiver (Деканка Зимняя), Martin (Мартине) и другие. В результате простых и многоступенчатых скрещиваний был создан гибридный фонд, насчитывающий более 100 образцов, из которого были выделены обладающие комплексом положительных хозяйственно-ценных признаков генотипы, перспективные для производства и селекции (Бирюзовая, Незабудка, Веснянка, Соната и другие).

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

Zav'yalov, O.A. | Sleptsov, I.I.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of correction of the lack of selenium and zinc in the seminal fluid on the elemental composition, antioxidant status and quality characteristics in sperm of servicing bulls. The experimental part of the work was carried out on Simmental servicing bulls, bred in the conditions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The basis for the selection of sires for the experiment was the revealed selenium and zinc lack in seminal fluid. Plexomin Se 2000 at a dosage of 1.15 g/head/day and Plexomin Zn 26 at a dosage of 1.2 g/head/day were added in the diet of animals of the experimental group (n=10) to compensate the deficiency of microelements. The animals of the control group (n=10) had a basic diet without any additives. The duration of the experiment was 90 days. The primary evaluation of the elemental composition in seminal fluid of servicing bulls revealed concentrations of K, Cr, Zn and Se reduced against the physiologically normal state, and an excess of Al, Cd, Hg, Pb and As was found. Experimental feeding contributed to the normalization of selenium and zinc content in the seminal fluid against the background of a significant decrease in Al, Cd, and Pb levels. The introduction of additional sources of selenium and zinc into the diet of servicing bulls led to an increase in concentrations of primary antioxidant defense enzymes such as superoxide-dismutase and catalase, and lowered the malonyldialdehyde level in the seminal fluid. By the end of the experiment an increase in spermatozoa concentration, as well as the spermatozoa activity were noted in fresh and thawed sperm of the experimental group animals. The conclusion is made about the beneficial effect of the studied drugs on the bull sperm quality. | Целью исследования - оценка влияния коррекции недостатка селена и цинка в семенной жидкости на элементный состав, антиоксидантный статус и качественные характеристики спермы быков-производителей. Экспериментальная часть работы осуществлялась на быках-производителях симментальской породы, разводимых в условиях Республики Саха (Якутия). Основанием для отбора быков-производителей для эксперимента являлся выявленный недостаток селена и цинка в семенной жидкости. Для восполнения дефицита микроэлементов в состав рациона животных опытной группы (n=10) включался Плексомин Se 2000 в дозировке 1,15 г/гол/сут и Плексомин Zn 26 в дозировке 1,2 г/гол/сут. Животные контрольной группы (n=10) получали базовый рацион без добавок. Продолжительность опыта – 90 сут. Первичная оценка элементного состава семенной жидкости быков-производителей выявила пониженные относительно физиологической нормы концентрации K, Cr, Zn и Se; избыток был установлен для Al, Cd, Hg, Pb и As. Экспериментальное кормление способствовало нормализации селена и цинка в семенной жидкости на фоне достоверного снижения уровней Al, Cd и Pb. Введение дополнительных источников селена и цинка в рацион быков-производителей сопровождалось повышением концентраций ферментов первичной антиоксидантной защиты – супероксиддисмутазы, каталазы и понизило уровень малонового диальдегида в семенной жидкости. У животных опытной группы к концу эксперимента отмечалось повышение концентрации сперматозоидов, а также активности сперматозоидов в свежей и оттаянной сперме. Сделан вывод о благотворном влиянии изучаемых препаратов на качество спермы быков.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2023

Akmanaev, Eh.D. | Akmanaeva, Yu.A.

The effect of humic fertilizer ECO-SP on the yield and grain quality of spring wheat 'Ekaterina' was studied in 2020-2023 in a unifactor field test. Wheat was cultivated on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil. Different terms and methods of fertilizer application were compared. The fertilizer consumption rates for seed treatment were 0.5 L/t, for pre-sowing cultivation (spraying) 3.2 L/ha, for crop topdressing 1 L/ha. Inorganic fertilizer N30P30K30 was also applied for pre-sowing soil cultivation. In the absence of treatments, the average wheat yield for 2 years was 1.61 t/ha. The ECO-SP fertilizer provided a significant increase, by 21-27%, in the grain yield compared to the control plot. The most effective method of this fertilizer application is to treat seeds before sowing; an increase in yield in this case was 22% or 0.35 t/ha. In the slightly dry 2022, there was formed grain that belongs to the 5th forage class. The limiting indicator was the protein content. In the dry 2023, grain of the 3rd and 4th classes was formed during the experiment, and the indicator determining the class was gluten content. Over 2 research years, the agrichemical ECO-SP did not have a significant effect on the protein content in grain. Foliar application had a significant effect on gluten content. In terms of quality, gluten in 2023 is characterized as good (group I), in 2022 as satisfactorily strong (group II). Seed treatment and fertilizer application as dressing in the tillering phase leads to a significant decrease in the falling number from 267 to 241 and 243 seeds, respectively. In regard to vitreousness, the experimental grain is characterized as mid-glassy. A significant decrease in vitreousness was indicated when dressing wheat in the tillering phase and with the complex application of ECO-SP (seed treatment + crop treatment in the tillering phase and in the beginning of stalk-shooting) by 2 and 1%, respectively. | Влияние гуминового удобрения ЭКО-СП на урожайность и качество зерна яровой пшеницы сорта Екатерина изучали в 2022-2023 гг. в однофакторном полевом опыте. Пшеницу возделывали на дерново-подзолистой тяжелосуглинистой почве. Сравнивали разные сроки и способы применения удобрения. Расход препарата при обработке семян составил 0,5 л/т, при внесении под предпосевную культивацию (опрыскивание) – 3,2 л/га, при листовой обработке посевов – 1 л/га. Под предпосевную культивацию также вносили минеральные удобрения N30 Р30 К30. В отсутствие обработок средняя за 2 года урожайность зерна пшеницы составила 1,61 т/га. Удобрение ЭКО-СП обеспечило существенную, на 21-27%, прибавку урожайности в сравнении с контрольным вариантом. Наиболее эффективным приёмом применения агропрепарата является обработка семян перед посевом, прибавка урожайности в этом варианте составила 22% или 0,35 т/га. В условиях слабозасушливого 2022 г. сформировалось зерно, относящееся к 5-му классу фуражного назначения. Лимитирующим показателем стало содержание белка. В засушливом 2023 г. в опыте сформировалось зерно 3-го и 4-го классов, а показателем, определяющим классность, стало содержание клейковины. За два года исследований агропрепарат ЭКО-СП не оказал достоверного влияния на белковость зерна. На содержание клейковины существенное влияние оказали листовые подкормки. По качеству клейковина 2023 г. характеризуется как хорошая (I группа), в 2022 г. как удовлетворительно крепкая (II группа). Обработка семян и внесение удобрения в качестве подкормки в фазе кущения приводит к достоверному снижению числа падения с 267 до 241 и 243 с соответственно. По стекловидности зерно в опыте характеризуется как среднестекловидное. Достоверное снижение стекловидности произошло при подкормке пшеницы в фазе кущении и комплексном применении ЭКО-СП (обработка семян + обработка посевов в фазах кущения и начала выхода в трубку) соответственно на 2 и 1%.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2022

Kovalenko, S.A. | Kadushkina, V.P. | Biryukova, O.V.

The research was carried out in order to identify patterns of variability of physical and chemical properties of grain varieties and lines of spring durum wheat in different weather conditions years. Data on the quality of spring durum wheat grain in the nursery of competitive variety testing for 2018-2021 are presented. Legumes were used as a precursor. As a result of the research, it was revealed that the physical properties of grain (size, completeness, vitreousness, nature, which affect the quantity and quality of grains), along with genotypic features, depend on the conditions of vegetation. By weight of 1000 grains, high values were noted in the hot 2021 – 35.8 g (with fluctuations in grades from 32.1 g in the 4783/15 variety to 38.5 g in the Don Elegy standard and line 4804/18). The least significant differences were observed when studying the vitreousness and nature of the grain. The interport variability over the years was insignificant: in vitreousness - V=2.62-7.51%, in nature - V=1.47-2.91% with a deviation from the average in one direction or another. It is shown that the protein content in the grain, which has a greater effect on the quality of pasta (strength, digestibility, dry residue), is strictly dependent not only on the growing season conditions, especially on the temperature regime during filling and ripening (r= +0.51), but also on the yield level (r= -0.44 - -0.62). Its high content was noted in 2020 – 16.4% with a variation from 15.8 to 17.0%. The gluten content in the grain in all samples met the requirements of GOST R.52554-2006 for durum wheat. Its greatest value was also noted in 2020 – 35.9% (32.4-37.6). In terms of the number of falls, 2021 was distinguished by a small variability – 6.26%. The results of a comprehensive assessment of grain quality, depending on the growing season conditions, allow us to conclude that such varieties and lines of spring durum wheat as Don Elegia, Volnodonskaya and 4804/18 are characterized by the maximum severity of all signs that meet the world level.

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Federal Scientific Center of Legumes and Groat Crops - Russian Federation

2022

Kulevatova, T.B | Zlobina, L.N. | Beketova, G.A. | Andreeva, L.V.

The purpose of this work was to evaluate a complex quality indicator (state and behavior during dough kneading) of grain varieties of spring soft wheat of the main competitive variety testing (OKI) and to identify the most promising of them for further work. The objects of the study were the varieties and promising lines Saratovskaya 29, Lutescens 2297, Lutescens 2316, Favorit, Saratovskaya 68, Saratovskaya 76, Erythrospermum 2305, Erythrospermum 2253, Erythrospermum 2279, Erythrospermum 2280, Erythrospermum 2309, Saratovskaya 55, Albidum 2295, Albidum 2312, Grecum 2282, Grecum 2283 crops of three years (2019-2021). Field repetition twofold. The accounting area of the plot is 16.8 m2. The soils are thin southern chernozem. The predecessor is winter wheat. The weather conditions during the years of the experiment were different. The quality of the grain was judged by the stability of the dough (min.), the quantitative expression of the extremum points of the mixolabogram C2, C3, C4, C5 (N*m) and the energy expended by the dough sample during kneading RA (W*h/kg). The results were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance. Rheological curves were obtained, the revealed significance of differences in characteristics turned out to be high in almost all, except for C3 in 2019 and 2021. The variability of the most important indicator of test stability in 2019 was 8.0-11.4 min; in 2020 - 8.9-11.2 min and in 2021 6.7-11.0 min. Quantitative expression of indicators indicates the high quality of the material of the main competitive test, allows you to use them in breeding for quality, and as improvers in production. The exception is the line Albidum 2295.

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Federal Scientific Center of Legumes and Groat Crops - Russian Federation

2022

Zotikov, V.I. | Zubareva, K.Yu. | Varlamov, N.V.

The article presents the results of 2019-2021 research on the effect of complex application of organomineral microfertilizers and biostimulants in pre-sowing seed treatment and leaf dressing in the phases of 3 triple leaves and budding on plant productivity and grain quality of soybean released new varieties, different type of growth and development, Zusha and Osmon in specific soil and climatic conditions. A positive effect on the increase (relative to the control variant without treatments) of the quantitative traits of the yield elements, which are in a positive correlation with productivity, was found by experiment: number of beans per plant on 4.29-13.85 and 3.86-10.67 pieces, amount of grain per plant on 11.35-28.65 and 8.48-26.96 pieces and weights of 1000 seeds on 3.17-8.37 and 1.75-4.32g respectively, in the varieties Zusha and Osmon. Under contrasting weather conditions in the years of the study, the largest increase in yield was noted as a result of pre-sowing seed treatment and one and two foliar applications, which amounted to: variety Zusha - 0.21-0.24 t/ha (6.7-7.6%), variety Osmon - 0.20-0.21 t/ha (6.3-6.6%). An increased fat content in the grain of 20.38% in the semi-determinant variety Zusha, and an increased protein content of 38.48% in the indeterminate variety Osmon were noted during pre-sowing seed treatment and two foliar top dressings of vegetative plants

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Federal Scientific Center of Legumes and Groat Crops - Russian Federation