AGRIS - 

2022

Karasahi̇n, Muhammet

This study was carried out in 2020 in Çumra-Konya ecological conditions in order to determine the effects of different fertilization applications on grain corn. The research was carried out in three replications according to the "randomized blocks experimental design". Different fertilization (G1; 50 kg da-1 compound base fertilizer, 50 kg da-1 urea from the top and 25 kg da-1 MgSO4, G2; 1.5 x G1, G3; 2 x G1, G4; G1+ SÇ (50 kg da-1 vermicompost tea), G5; G1 + 32 kg da-1 urea + SÇ, G6; G1 + 65 kg da-1 urea + SÇ, G7; 65 kg da-1 urea, 400 g da-1 humic acid and 100 g da-1 ZnSO4, G8; G1 + 400 g da-1 humic acid and 100 g da-1 ZnSO4, G9; 20 kg da-1 MKP from the top, 65 kg da-1 urea and 25 kg da1 MgSO4, G10; 200 kg da-1 solid vermicompost to base, 400 g above top da-1 humic acid and 100 g da-1 ZnSO4) applications were placed randomly in blocks. According to the results obtained in the research, the highest number of leaves (16.9), height of the first ear (154.7 cm), plant height (339 cm), number of kernels per ear (678), length of the ear (17.2 cm) and weight of the ear (304 g) were obtained from the G2 application. The highest grain yield values were obtained from G2 and G3 applications (respectively, 1976 and 1916 kg da-1). When the highest grain yield and the use of lower chemical inputs are considered together, it is seen that G2 application is recommended.

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Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Training and Publication, National AGRIS Center (Turkey) - Turkey

2022

Sahin, Mehmet | Akcacik, Aysun GOCMEN | Aydogan, Seydi | Yasar, Meltem | Ercan, Birol | Hamzaoglu, Sumeyra | Demi̇r, Berat | Meci̇toglu, Cigdem | Gur, Sadi

This study was carried out with 140 Topbaş wheat genotypes (Triticum compactum) belonging to wheat genotypes selected from landrace wheats collected from different cities in Turkey. Trial material consisted of 49 red and 91 white grain genotypes. In order to determine the genotypes that can be used as parent in biscuit breeding studies, the experiment was conducted in Konya central location during the 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 growing periods. Yields of Triticum compactum wheat genotypes were between 26.7-192.9 kg.da-1 and CV(coefficient of variation) was 34.69% in the 2015-2016 cultivation period in 239.5 mm rain. Yields were between 277-528.4 kg da-1 CV was 11.81% in 2017-2018 in 337.5 mm rain. In the 2015-2016 cultivation period, yields of Triticum compactum wheat genotypes ranged between 26.7-192.9 kg.da-1 in 239.5 mm rain and CV was 34.69%. It ranged between 277-528.4 kg da-1 in 337.5 mm rain in 2017-2018, CV was %11.81. When the results of two years are evaluated together, it was found that thousand kernel weight ranged between 24.0-65.1 g, CV ranged between 9.06-10.13%, number of spikelet per spike ranged between 10.2-18.7, CV ranged between 8.78-8.80%, number of grain per spike ranged between 13.5-41.1, CV ranged between 15.5-15.90%, grain weight per spike ranged between 0.39 -1.68 g, CV ranged between 17.57-18.39%, plant height ranged between 33.1-105.4 cm, CV ranged between 9.76-9.24%. Genotypes was determined that the yellow rust and stem rust infection coefficients of the ranged between (0-100). There are lines with better than the standard varieties in terms of the examined characteristics. This situation will create an important genetic resource for biscuit wheat breeding studies, and as a result of the selection studies to be made, it will allow to obtain new varieties with high yield and good biscuit quality. As a result of this study, 15 Topbaş wheat genotypes were selected as parents to be used in biscuit wheat breeding studies. Araştırma sonucunda geçmiş yıllara göre yeni piyasaya girmiş çok sayıda hibrit mısır çeşitlerinin fizyolojik olum sonrası nem kaybetme hızlarının çok fazla değişkenlik gösterdiği, bu durumun bazen çeşitlerin olgunlaşma grubu ile doğrudan ilişkili olamayacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.

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Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Training and Publication, National AGRIS Center (Turkey) - Turkey

2022

Ibrakhim, M.N.G. | Lisina, E.I. | Barakova, N.V.

The effect of various enzyme preparations with different enzymatic activity on the process of of hull-less oat seed germination and the process of grain pulp separation obtained from the crushed germinated seeds mixed with water was studied. Enzyme preparations from Novozymes were chosen as germination inducers: Phytaflow (phytase), Duozym2x (alpha- and glucoamylase), Novo Pro (endopeptidase), Novozym 25023 (amylase, acid protease, and cellulase), Ondea Pro (pullulanase, alpha-amylase, xylanase, neutral protease, lipase, and cellulase). Each enzyme preparation was added with 0.01%, 0.03%, and 0.05% doses relative to the grain weight. Germination was carried out by the traditional way on a wet filter paper in Petri dishes according to GOST 12038-84. The effect of each enzyme preparation was assessed on the third day of seed germination in terms of germination energy and root length, and on the fourth day in terms of sprout length and the number of non-germinated seeds. It was found that the treatment of hull-less oat seeds with the selected enzyme preparations affects the intensity of the seed growth phases. However, Novozym 25023, the enzyme preparation of complex action, had the most significant effect between all. The germination energy increased by 7.5% on the third day of germination at this preparation rate of 0.03%. The effect of enzyme preparations on the degree of solid and liquid phases separation in a mixture obtained from crushed germinated hull-less oat seeds mixed with water in a ratio of 1:2 was also evaluated. The grain pulp was separated by centrifugation at 1000 rpm for 10 minutes. The yield of the filtrate from the grain pulp obtained by treating the grain with Novozym 25023 complex enzyme preparation increased the yield of the filtrate by 18%. The present results would be helpful in the technological development of grain-based beverages, which are alternative products for people who are lactose intolerant or vegan. | Исследовали влияние ферментных препаратов на процесс проращивания зерен овса голозерного и разделения зерновой пульпы, полученной из измельченных проросших зерен, смешанных с водой. В качестве активаторов проращивания были выбраны ферментные препараты фирмы Novozymes: Phytaflow (фитаза), Duozym 2x (альфа- и глюкоамилаза), Novo Pro (эндопептитаза), Novozym 25023 (амилаза, кислая протеаза, целлюлаза), Ondea Pro (пуллуланаза, альфа-амилаза, ксиланаза, нейтральная протеаза, липаза, целлюлаза). Доза внесения каждого ферментного препарата составляла 0,01; 0,03 и 0,05% относительно массы зерна. Проращивание проводили традиционным способом на бумаге в чашках Петри согласно ГОСТ 12038-84. Влияние ферментных препаратов оценивали на 3-й день проращивания зерна по энергии прорастания и длине корешков, на 4-й день - по длине ростка и количеству непроросших зерен. Установлено, что обработка зерен голозерного овса любым из выбранных ферментных препаратов влияет на интенсивность роста зерна, но наибольший эффект оказал ферментный препарат комплексного действия Novozym 25023. При дозе его внесения 0,03% энергия прорастания увеличилась на 7,5%. Эффективность ферментативной обработки зерен оценивали также по степени разделения зерновой пульпы, полученной из измельченных и смешенных с водой (соотношение 1:2) проросших зерен голозерного овса. Разделение зерновой пульпы проводили методом центрифугирования при 1000 об/мин в течение 10 мин. Обработка семян ферментными препаратами перед проращиванием увеличила степень разделения зерновой пульпы. Выход фильтрата из зерновой пульпы, полученной при обработке зерна ферментным препаратом Novozym 25023, увеличился на 18%. Полученные результаты полезны разработчикам технологии напитков на зерновой основе, которые являются альтернативным продуктом для людей, не переносящих лактозу или вегетарианцам.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2022

Tsirul'nikova, N.V. | Fetisova, T.S. | Chajka, V.A. | Makarenkov, D.A. | Dmitrevskaya, I.I. | Zharkikh, O.A. | Belopukhov, S.L.

Представлены результаты полевых опытов, проведенных в 2018-2020 гг. со льном-долгунцом (сорта Память Крепкова и Добрыня) и льном масличным (сорт Северный). Во время вегетации растения льна (фаза елочки) опрыскивали хелатными препаратами Хелатон Экстра и Хелат Zn. Оба препарата эффективно влияли на урожайность по сравнению с контролем. Хелатон Экстра увеличивал урожайность волокна льна масличного на 0,7-1,0 ц/га, Хелат Zn на 0,2-0,5 ц/га. Хелат Zn повышал урожайность семян на 2,4-2,5 ц/га, Хелатон Экстра на 0,8-1,8 ц/га. Хелатон Экстра увеличивал урожайность льна-долгунца по волокну на 1,5-2,4 ц/га, а Хелат Zn на 0,6-1,4 ц/га. На урожайность семян больше влиял Хелат Zn на 0,9-2,0 ц/га, Хелатон Экстра на 0,5-1,7 ц/га. В семенах льна масличного на фоне применения на растениях Хелатон Экстра содержание белков увеличивалось на 0,6-1,6%, липидов на 1,1-1,4%. В варианте с Хелат Zn доля белков возрастала на 4,5-5,2%, липидов на 4,8-5,3%. В семенах льна-долгунца Хелат Zn повышал содержание белков на 3,4-5,3%, Хелатон Экстра на 0,8-2,0%, липидов соответственно на 6,4-7,7% и на 2,3-4,1% относительно контроля в среднем за три года исследований. В химическом составе льняного масла отмечено снижение общей суммы насыщенных жирных кислот и увеличение доли ненасыщенных жирных кислот, содержание альфа-линоленовой кислоты составило в вариантах с препаратами 60-62%. | The article presents the results of field experiments (2018-2020 years) with fiber flax ('Pamyat Krepkova' and 'Dobrynya' varieties) and oilseed flax ('Severny' variety). During the growing season, flax plants (herringbone stage) were sprayed with Chelaton Extra and Chelate Zn. Both preparations had an effective on crop yields. In oilseed flax, Chelaton Extra influenced the increase in fiber yield by 0.7-1.0 c/ha, Chelate Zn by 0.2-0.5 c/ha relative to the control. The Chelate Zn preparation increased the seed yield by 2.4-2.5 c/ha, Chelaton Extra by 0.8-1.8 c/ha relative to the control. Chelaton Extra increased the fiber yield of fiber flax by 1.5-2.4 c/ha, and Chelate Zn by 0.6-1.4 c/ha relative to the control. The seed yield was influenced more by Chelate Zn by 0.9-2.0 c/ha, Chelaton Extra by 0.5-1.7 c/ha relative to the control. In oilseed flax seeds, against the background of the use of chelate preparations on plants, it increased: by 0.6-1.6% of proteins, by 1.1-1.4% of lipids in the variant with Chelaton Extra, by 4.5-5.2% of proteins, by 4.8-5.3% of lipids in the variant with Chelate Zn relative to the control. In the seeds of fiber flax, Chelate Zn increased the content of proteins by 3.4-5.3%, Chelaton Extra by 0.8-2.0%, lipids increased when using Chelate Zn by 6.4-7.7%, Chelaton Extra by 2.3-4.1% relative to the control on average over three years of research on the two studied varieties of fiber flax. In the chemical composition of flaxseed oil, a decrease in the total amount of saturated fatty acids and an increase in unsaturated fatty acids was noted, the content of alpha-linolenic acid was 60-62% in the variants with preparations.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2022

Lukin, N.D. | Shleina, L.D. | Ananskikh, V.V.

Процесс разжижения крахмалсодержащего сырья сопровождается высокой вязкостью. Для снижения вязкости разжиженного затора кукурузной муки и увеличения выхода мальтодекстрина использовали снижающий вязкость целлюлолитический ферментный препарат Вискоферм компании Новозаймс. Вискоферм добавляли в затор с температурой 50 град. С на стадии приготовления и выдерживали 30 мин. Далее в затор вносили расчетное количество термостабильной альфа-амилазы и начинали процесс разжижения. Значения вязкости затора кукурузной муки в зависимости от температуры и дозировки ферментного препарата альфа-амилазы в присутствии Вискоферма и без него определяли на приборе "Реотест 2". Разжижение вели непосредственно в измерительном цилиндре вискозиметра, а также на экспериментальной лабораторной установке. Дозировка альфа-амилазы составила 0,2; 0,4 и 0,6 ед. АС/г крахмала, содержащегося в кукурузной муке, дозировка Вискоферма была постоянна – 0,2 г/кг сухого вещества затора. Измерение вязкости проводили при изменении температуры затора от 60 до 98 град. С с шагом 2 градуса, и концентрации затора 25% сухого вещества. Комплексное применение амилолитических и целлюлолитических ферментных препаратов на стадии биоконверсии позволило снизить вязкость разжиженного затора на 35%, повысить выход мальтодекстрина на 18%, увеличить содержание сухого вещества осадка. Полученные данные обработаны с помощью математической программы Table Curve 3D v4.0, представлены в графическом виде, в 3D-изображении и описаны математическим уравнением. Сделан вывод о целесообразности совместного применения целлюлолитического и амлолитического ферментных препаратов. | The process of liquefaction of starch-containing raw materials is accompanied by high viscosity. The Novozymes' viscosity-reducing cellulolytic enzyme preparation Viscoferm was used to reduce the viscosity of the thinned cornmeal mash and increase the yield of maltodextrin. Viscoferm was added to the mash having temperature of 50 deg. C during the preparation stage and the mix was held for 30 minutes. Further, the calculated amount of thermostable alpha-amylase was added to the mash, and the liquefaction process began. The viscosity values of corn flour mash depending on the temperature and dosage of the enzyme preparation alpha-amylase in the presence of Viscoferm and without it were determined on the Reotest 2 device. Liquefaction was carried out directly in the measuring cylinder of the viscometer, as well as on an experimental laboratory unit. The dosage of alpha-amylase was 0.2; 0.4 and 0.6 amilolytic activity units/g starch contained in cornmeal; the dosage of Wiskoferm was constant of 0.2 g/kg mash dry matter. Viscosity was measured when the mash temperature changed from 60 to 98 deg. C in increments of 2 degrees and the mash concentration of 25% dry matter. The complex use of amylolytic and cellulolytic enzyme preparations at the stage of bioconversion made it possible to reduce the viscosity of the liquefied mash by 35%, to increase the yield of maltodextrin by 18%, and to increase the dry matter content in the precipitate. The obtained data were processed using the Table Curve 3D v4.0 mathematical program, presented in graphical form, in a 3D image, and described by a mathematical equation. A conclusion is made about the expediency of the combined use of cellulolytic and amylolytic enzyme preparations.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2022

Epifanova, I.V.

Исследования проводили на опытном поле Пензенского НИИ сельского хозяйства. Цель исследований – разработать элементы технологии возделывания люцерны изменчивой сорта Дарья на кормовые цели, подобрать покровные культуры, обеспечивающие оптимальные условия для формирования агроценоза. Исследования проводили в полевом севообороте в двухфакторном полевом опыте в 2-х закладках в 2020-2021 гг. Были выявлены оптимальные покровные культуры, и определены нормы их высева. Существенное снижение густоты стояния люцерны в фазе всходов отмечено под покровом рыжика ярового и крамбе абиссинской – 137 и 131 шт./м2 (-6,7 и -5,6% абсолютных к контролю). Сохранность растений по вариантам опыта к концу вегетации менялась незначительно – от 35,6 до 38,3% (-5,7 и -3,0% абс. к контролю). При посеве покровных культур с 100% нормой высева, независимо от возделываемой культуры, происходит достоверное снижение густоты стояния люцерны на 22,1% (-6,3% абс. к контролю). Наиболее благоприятные условия для роста и развития сложились под покровом льна; высота растений люцерны составила 21,2-22,3 см, масса 100 растений 109,8-114,7 г и объем корня 8,6-9,4 см3. Установлено, что в 1-й год пользования существенное снижение урожая зеленой массы отмечено при посеве под покров крамбе абиссинской, рыжика ярового и горчицы белой – от 29,0 до 28,2 т/га (-2,5 и -3,3 т/га к контролю). Достоверный рост кормовой продуктивности до 30,2-30,6 т/га (+3,4 и 3,9 т) отмечен при 80 и 60%-ных нормах высева –в сравнении с полной нормой. | The research was carried out on the experimental field of the Penza Research Institute of Agriculture. The purpose of the research is to develop main elements of alfalfa (Medicago varia) 'Daria' cultivation for fodder. It was based on the selection of cover crops and providing optimal conditions for agrocenosis formation. The research was carried out in the field crop rotation in a two-factor field experiment in 2 repetitions in 2020-2021. The best cultivation techniques such as species and seeding rates of cover crops were identified. A significant decrease in the density of alfalfa crop in the germination phase was noted under the cover of spring ginger and crambe abyssinian, 137 and 131 pcs/m2 (-6.7 and -5.6% abs. to control). The survival of plants according to the experimental variants by the end of the growing season changed slightly, it varied from 35.6 to 38.3% (-5.7 and -3.0% abs. to control). When sowing cover crops with a 100% seeding rate, regardless of the cultivated crop species, there is a significant decrease in alfalfa density–to 22.1% (-6.3% abs. to control). The most favorable conditions for growth and development were formed under the cover of flax, the height of alfalfa plants was 21.2-22.3 cm, the weight of 100 plants was 109.8-114.7 g and the volume of a root was 8.6-9.4 cm3. It was found that in 1st year of use, a significant decrease in the yield of green feed was observed under cover of crambe abyssinian, spring ginger and white mustard, it amounted from 29.0 to 28.2 t/ha (-2.5 and -3.3 t/ha, respectively). A significant increase in total feed productivity up to 30.-30.6 t/ha (+3.4 and 3.9 t) was noted at seeding rates of 80% and 60% in comparison with the full norm.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2022

Burduja, V.

The main objectives of the research were to study the particularities of growth and productivity of carrot hybrids. Materials of the study were the following carrot hybrids: Abaco F1, Bolivar F1, Cupar F1 - sortotype Shantene; Bangor F1 - sortotype Nantes.The carrot hybrids Bangor F1 and Abaco F1 produced the highest total yield 65,8 and 61,0 t/ha. The smallest percentage of non-standard carrot roots had the hybrid Bolivar F1 - sortotype Shantene.

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Technical University of Moldova - Republic of Moldova

2022

Voinesco, C.

In this article we analysed the results of wine varieties and clones research in the centre part of the Republic of Moldova on the experimental plot in Mereni village, Anenii Noi district. High rainfall and low temperatures can cause grapes not to reach adequate maturation indexes.

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Technical University of Moldova - Republic of Moldova

2022

Peşteanu, A.

The experimental plot is placed in the orchard “Getodava” Ltd. founded in 2008 year. The study subject of the experience was Florina apple variety grafted on M 9 rootstock. The distance of plantation is 3.5 x 0.8 m. The research was conducted during the period of 2020 year. The tested agent was Prohexadion - calcium (product Regalis Plus), which was sprayed in different period. The first application of Regalis Plus at 2.5 and 1.25 kg/ha was apply at the end of flowering, when terminal shoots are 2 to 5 cm in length. Apply a second application of 1.25 and 0.75 kg/ha after the fierst an interval of 3-4 weeks. The third treatment was efectued 3 weeks after the previous one in dose of 0.5 kg/ha, depending on growth conditions. During the research, it was studied the degree of fruit setting, their number in the crown, mean fruit weight, yield, the number of fruits formation and theirs type. It was established that, Regalis Plus at 2.5 kg/ha, 1.25+1.25 kg/ha and 1.25+0.75+0.50 kg/ha influence on the degree of fruit setting, their number in the crown, the mean fruit weight, yield and number of fruits formation on the Florina apple variety.

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Technical University of Moldova - Republic of Moldova

2022

Balan, P.

The study was conducted in the period 2016-2020 with the purpose to assess the effect of various crop load management practices on the cv Gala delicious and cv Golden Delicious apple variety, grafted on the rootstock M9, in an intensive system. The trees aged 8-12 years were trained according to improved slender spindle shape and planted at a distance of 3.5 x 1 m. Experimental design: a) control, untreated trees; b) fruit manual thinning performed after the physi-ological drop, when the fruits reached a diameter of 16-18 mm; c) chemical thinning with the preparations: 1) Urea solution 46% N, 6 kg/ha, at a temperature of 12-25 C and air humidity of 65-80%, when 75% of the flowers are open until the petals of the first flowers dropped; 2) Geramid New solution, 1.5 l/ha, at a temperature of 15-20 C, when the central fruit reached a diameter of 4-7 mm; 3) LG Dira Max solution, 2 l/ha at a temperature of 18-25 C, when the central fruit reached a diameter of 10-15 mm. The experiment was organized in 4 repetitions, the spraying was per-formed on 8 trees in each repetition, using 11 l of solution on 32 trees or 1000 l per hectare, respectively. The authors calculated the number of red dotted buds, the number of inflorescences that set fruit, the average number of fruits per tree as well as the average weight and diameter of fruits. The used growth regulators ensured a significant increase in the average weight of a fruit and a significant increase in the diameter of fruits.

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Technical University of Moldova - Republic of Moldova