AGRIS - 

2017

Dugue P. | Belchi P. | Paresys L. | Retif M. | Olina J.P.

Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement - France

2017

Vidal, G.D.L

Two studies were conducted to determine the effect of exogenous protease supplementation on daily N balance and apparent total tract digestibility (%ATTD) of N (Study 1) and growth performance, excreta quality, and carcass characteristics of broilers (Study 2). In Study 1, a total of 72 day-old male (Cobb 500) broiler chicks were individually placed in metabolic cages and randomly allotted to 1 of 6 treatments using a completely randomized design. The first diet was a corn-soybean meal basal diet formulated to meet or exceed Cobb 500 nutrient requirements (positive control, PC). The second diet was formulated by lowering the CP and standardized ideal digestible (SID) AA by 10% (negative control, NC). The next 4 diets were the NC diet supplemented with 500 g/ton Protease 1 (Allzyme Vegpro, Alltech Biotechnology Pvt. Ltd., India), Protease 2 (125 g/ton PT125, Jefo, Canada), Protease 3 (200 g/ton Ronozyme Pro-act (CT), DSM Nutritional Product Ltd., Switzerland), and Protease 4 (500 g/ton Cibenza DP100, Novus International Pte. Ltd, USA). Results showed no improvements in ATTD of N, growth performance, and excreta moisture of broilers fed diets supplemented with exogenous protease compared with the negative control. In Study 2, 800 day-old (Cobb 500) broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 1 of 8 treatments using a randomized complete block design. The treatments were the same 6 treatments in Study 1 with the addition of Protease 5 (350 g/ton Veterzyme Pro 700, Alivira Animal Health Limited, India) and Protease 6 (200 g/ton Protizyme, Lumis Enzymes, India). Exogenous protease supplementation, regardless of the commercial source, did not improve growth performance, excreta quality, and carcass characteristics of birds fed the NC diet. Protease supplementation increased feed cost per kg gain by P1.45 to 4.22 and reduced margin over feed cost by P4.12 to 7.97. In conclusion, supplementation of exogenous protease did not improve apparent total tract digestibility of protein, growth performance, excreta quality, or carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Supplementation of these enzymes is not recommended since it only entailed additional to production.

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University Library, University of the Philippines at Los Baños - Philippines

2017

Bernardo, J.M.

Bt corn is introduced to partly alleviate food insecurity and poverty problems in developing countries. In the Philippines, the Bt corn feed producers are the provinces of Pangasinan, Negros Occidental, and Tarlac. The study was conducted in San Jacinto, Pangasinan [Philippines] to assess the social and economic gains and needs of the Bt corn feed adopters. Full, partial, and non-adopters of the Bt corn feed rations from three barangays [villages] were surveyed among 90 randomly selected Bt corn farmers and 27 of them participated in the Photovoice cum focus groups. Survey results showed that the full adopters compared to partial and non-adopters have farming experience but have higher educational attainment, bigger farm lands, more membership in farm organizations, and have trainings and seminars. They also produce livestock and poultry commercially. Thus full adopters have less desired gains compared with the partial and non-adopters since they have achieved enough income to buy farm machineries and equipment, to educate their children, and to buy household appliances. Social gains of the adopters are in the form of trainings and seminars, access to government health care insurance, and are able to enjoy recreational activities. Using Goodman-Kruskal tau, the characteristics of Bt corn farmers that were significantly related to adoption are gender, civil status, and commercial distribution of livestock and poultry. Eleven themes were identified from among the pictures taken by the Photovoice participants. The economic gains were the increase in income by using Bt corn feed rations, family members as labourers, and the education of children is derived from their income in the Bt corn feeds. On the other hand, the social gains of the adopters are the membership recreational activity. The economic needs were declining due to high supply of farm harvest, higher price of production inputs, and lack of machineries and equipment for corn and feed production. The social needs are the lack of government support to entice more professionals to venture into farming. It is concluded that to have full economic and social gains a farmer needs to fully adopt the Bt corn feed modelling as recommended by DA-PCARRD [Department of Argiculture-Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic, and Natural Resources Research and Development]. It is recommended that the government should play various roles in promoting Bt corn feed rations, as promoters through cooperatives and as regulators by documenting best practices of Bt corn farmers in the Philippines. The social and economic factors should be given equal importance in assessing biotechnology in the Philippines.

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University Library, University of the Philippines at Los Baños - Philippines

2017

Sushkova, V.I. | Ustyuzhaninova, L.V., Vyatka State Univ., Kirov

Testing of feed symbiotic production technology, based on grain raw materials, fermented by lactobacteria was done. Lactobacillus casei strain VKPM V-4990, was obtained from healthy piglet gastrointestinal tract with probiotic activity. Wheat middling enzyme lysate performed as a substrate in combination with urea. Tests gave 10 samples of feed symbiotics for piglets and swines in different forms: liquid, concentrated, dry, concentrated immobilized and dry immobilized. Active lactobacterium concentration was over 10E9 CFU/g in all samples. Symbiotics were analyzed for main probiotic and fodder characteristics. All samples had high antagonistic activity and resistance to gastric digestion in vitro. Nutritional value (calculated as absolute dry matter) differed slightly from that of natural wheat middlings. Values of crude protein, protein and crude fiber were higher for concentrated and dry preparation forms. The storage period for the obtained synbiotics was determined. Liquid and concentrated symbiotics, stored under 2–4 deg С, maintained activity for at least 7 or 3 months under 24 or 12 h of fermentation respectively. Storing temperature of 20–22 deg С provided activity of dry preparations for at least 3 months. Activated carbon immobilization increased Lactobacillus casei activity under heat drying. | Произведена апробация унифицированной технологии производства кормовых синбиотиков на основе зерносырья с использованием лактобактерий. В качестве продуцента был выбран штамм Lactobacillus casei ВКПМ В-4990, выделенный из желудочно-кишечного тракта здорового поросёнка и обладающий пробиотическими свойствами. В качестве субстрата был использован ферментолизат пшеничных отрубей с добавлением мочевины. В результате апробации предложенной технологии было получено 10 образцов кормовых синбиотиков для поросят и свиней в разных товарных формах: жидкой, концентрированной, сухой, концентрированной иммобилизованной и сухой иммобилизованной. Концентрация живых лактобактерий во всех образцах составила не менее 10E9 КОЕ/г. У полученных синбиотиков были определены основные пробиотические свойства и кормовые характеристики. Все образцы обладали высокой антагонистической активностью и устойчивостью к желудочному пищеварению in vitro. По питательности (в пересчёте на абсолютно сухое вещество) полученные синбиотики без носителей мало отличались от нативных пшеничных отрубей. Значения изученных показателей (содержание сырого протеина, белка, сырой клетчатки) были несколько выше у концентрированных и сухих форм препаратов. Установлены сроки хранения полученных синбиотиков. В процессе хранения при температуре 2–4 град. С жидкие и концентрированные формы сохраняли количество жизнеспособных клеток лактобактерий не менее 7 мес. и не менее 3 мес. при продолжительности ферментации 24 ч и 12 ч соответственно. В процессе хранения при температуре 20–22 град. С сухие препараты сохраняли концентрацию живых лактобактерий не менее 3 мес. Установлено, что иммобилизация на активированном угле позволила увеличить сохранность клеток лактобактерий штамма Lactobacillus casei ВКПМ В-4990 при тепловой сушке.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2017

Ovcharenko,V.V. | Sorokin, A.V. | Kozhushkevich, A.I. | Kalantaenko, A.M. | Komarov, A.A., All-Russia State Center for Quality and Standardization of Veterinary Drugs and Feed for Animals, Moscow

A procedure for the determination of persistent polychlorinated organic pollutants, such as dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/DF), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), in feed, feed additives, eggs, milk. During the research, chromatographic conditions and parameters of mass spectrometric detection were optimized, as well as methods for preparation of samples for analysis. The selected conditions allow the separation of 17 congeners of dioxins and 12 dioxin-like PCBs within 45 minutes. The settings of a low-resolution mass spectrometer are determined that allow to identify and determine the tested components with accuracy that is not inferior to that of high resolution. The scheme for preparation of samples for extraction and purification of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs has been developed, which allows obtaining a degree of extraction analysts at the level of 85-90% and carry out a large number of tests in short time and significant saving of solvents. This scheme is optimized for specific types of matrices: feed and feed additives containing only organic components, and inorganic fillers. | Разработана методика определения стойких полихлорированных органических загрязнителей, таких как дибензодиоксины и дибензофураны (ПХДД/ДФ) и диоксиноподобные полихлорированные бифенилы (ПХБ), в кормах, кормовых добавках, яйцах, молоке. В ходе исследований были оптимизированы хроматографические условия и параметры масс-спектрометрического детектирования, а также способы подготовки образцов к анализу. Подобранные условия позволяют провести разделение в течение 45 мин 17 конгенеров диоксинов и 12 диоксиноподобных ПХБ. Определены настройки масс-спектрометра низкого разрешения, которые позволяют идентифицировать и определить исследуемые компоненты с достоверностью, не уступающей таковой при высоком разрешении. Разработана схема подготовки проб для извлечения и очистки диоксинов и диоксиноподобных ПХБ, которая позволяет добиться степени извлечений аналитов на уровне 85…90% и проводить большое число испытаний в сжатые сроки и при значительной экономии растворителей. Данная схема оптимизирована под конкретные виды матриц: корма и кормовые добавки, содержащие как только органические компоненты, так и неорганические наполнители.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2017

Golovin, A.V. | Devyatkin, V.A., The L.K. Ehrnst All-Russia Research and Development Inst. of Animal Husbandry, Moscow Region

The aim of the research was to study the effectiveness and to test the fodder additive (FA) in developing lysine-balanced diet for highly productive newly calved cows. The test FA is produced under the trademark "Liziperl" and is a preparation of lysine, protected from the breakdown in rumen.. The experiment tested 3 groups of 13 newly calved cows each, giving 7500 kg of milk annually, and fed by FA in an amount of 40 and 80 g per head daily from the 11th to 100th lactation day. It evaluated such parameters as fodder consumption, milk productivity, milk quality, blood biochemical composition and economical efficiency for milk production. Lysine-balanced diet increased 4% milk yield of experimental groups from 5.0 to 8.4% for 100 lactation days (Р not more than 0.05) according to additive doses under milk fat and protein gain. Feed costs for 1 kg of milk, measured in exchange energy, were lower than that in the reference variant by 3.5-6.6%. Blood biochemical analyses of cows received FA on the basis of 80/head/day showed a tendency for increasing the total protein, free amino acids as well as alanine transaminase activity under significant increase in the concentration of free lysine by 20.7%. Calculations of economic efficiency have shown that the use of FA in feeding newly calved cows will slightly increase the prime cost of the dairy production unit for the first 100 days of lactation from making extra profit by selling it (957.2-1120.6 rub). Farm scale trial proved the research data. | Цель исследований состояла в изучении эффективности применения и проведении производственной апробации кормовой добавки (КД) для балансирования рационов кормления новотельных высокопродуктивных коров по уровню лизина. Тестируемая КД выпускается под торговой маркой "Лизиперл" и представляет собой препарат лизина, защищённого от распада в рубце. В опыте на 3 группах по 13 голов изучено влияние скармливания КД в количестве 40 и 80 г/гол./сут новотельным коровам с удоем 7500 кг молока в год с 11-го по 100-й день лактации на потребление кормов рациона, уровень молочной продуктивности и показатели качества молока, биохимический статус крови, а также на показатели экономической эффективности производства молока. В результате балансирования рациона кормления коров опытных групп по уровню лизина рост удоя молока стандартной (4%) жирности за 100 дней лактации составил 5,0 и 8,4% соответственно дозам добавки (Р не более 0,05) при увеличении выхода молочного жира и белка. Затраты кормов на 1 кг молока, выраженные в обменной энергии, были ниже контроля на 3,5-6,6%. В результате биохимических исследований в крови коров, получавших КД из расчета 80 г/гол./сут, установлена тенденция повышения уровня общего белка и суммы свободных аминокислот, а также активности аланинаминотрансферазы при достоверном увеличении концентрации свободного лизина на 20,7%. Расчёты экономической эффективности показали, что использование КД в кормлении новотельных коров незначительно удорожает себестоимость единицы молочной продукции за первые 100 дней лактации при получении дополнительной прибыли от её реализации (957,2-1120,6 руб.). Результаты научно-хозяйственного опыта подтверждены при производственной апробации.

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Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2017

Jansone, I., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Dizstende, Libagi parish, Talsi Municipality (Latvia). Inst. of Agricultural Resources and Economics. Stende Research Centre | Zute, S., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Dizstende, Libagi parish, Talsi Municipality (Latvia). Inst. of Agricultural Resources and Economics. Stende Research Centre

Legumes can provide feed products rich in proteins. The objective of the research was to compare different narrow-leaved lupine varieties to determine the ones that are most productive and most suitable for organic farming in Latvia. The research was carried out at the Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economics in organic farming system in 2016, during which the varieties of narrow-leaved lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) were compared. The narrow-leaved lupine is grown in Latvia, but in limited amounts. Feed is produced from the lupines with low alkaloid content. During the research, the average seed yield of examined varieties was from 1.11 to 2.61 t haE-1. The average crude protein content for the varieties of narrow-leaved lupine was 36.83%. The highest yield (2.61 t haE-1) and crude protein content (41.45%) was obtained from the variety ‘Probor’.

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Fundamental Library of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies - Latvia

2017

Senfelde, L., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava

The research was conducted with the aim of studying the possibility of using automatic feeding stations for individual sheep (Ovis aries) feeding. The research was organized in 3 periods, in which 10–13 months old sheep – female only (1st research period), 6–10 months old sheep – female only (2nd research period) and 8–12 months old sheep – female only (3rd research period) were used. Part of the sheep did not visit the feeding station at all. Sequentially, over the research periods the percentage was 13%, 37% and 49%. Upon setting the concentrate daily ration 400 g per sheep, on the average the number of visits to the particular feeding station was 6.1 and 4.7 (sequentially in the 1st and 2nd research period). Upon increasing the concentrate ration amount up to 700 g per day, the average number of feeding station visits was 6.9 (in the 3rd research period). The number of visits to the automatic feeding station was varied (V is greater than 10%). Over the research period live weight of the sheep increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) for the subgroups of animals which made visits to the feeding station regularly during the entire research period. In all research periods, the average daily concentrate intake (373.5 g in the 1st research period, 333.1 g in the 2nd research period and 581.2 g in the 3rd research period) was 93%, 83% and 83% respectively, of the maximum established feeding standard.

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Fundamental Library of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies - Latvia

2017

Cerina, S., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Priekuļi, Priekuļi parish, Priekuļi Municipality (Latvia). Inst. of Agricultural Resources and Economics. Priekuļi Research Centre | Proskina, L., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Economics and Social Development

The productivity and production costs of broiler chickens are directly related to the amount of feed fed, the proportion of crude protein in the feed, and the biological value and price of the feed. Broiler diets mainly consist of cereals and protein-rich feed sources; in the EU-27, poultry farming consumes 21% of the total quantity of cereals used for feed and 24% of the total amount of proteinrich feed stuffs. The research aims to identify economic gains from the production of broiler chicken meat if domestic faba beans and peas in broiler chicken diets are used. Research results showed that adding peas and faba beans to the broiler feed ration resulted in a significant live weight increase (5.15–5.45%) at the selling age, a decrease in the feed conversion ratio by 4.67%, as well as an increase in the production efficiency factor (50.56–86.98) compared with the control group. It was also concluded that the most optimum type of legume species used in the broiler diet was peas, which were added in the amount of 200 g kgE-1, resulting in live weight gains, the decrease in the feed conversion ratio and the increase in the production efficiency factor.

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Fundamental Library of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies - Latvia

2017

Mourad Taherti | Rachid Kaidi

L’état corporel de lots de brebis mises à la reproduction a été noté dans des exploitations de la région de Chlef en Algérie de février 2012 à avril 2013. L’état corporel et les réserves des brebis ont varié selon, d’une part, la catégorie des femelles concernées (agnelages en septembre-octobre ou en mars-avril) et, d’autre part, l’exploitation. La prise en compte des quantités de fourrage distribuées en complément du pâturage et des réserves corporelles a permis d’établir un diagnostic sur l’alimentation dans chaque situation. L’interaction entre l’état corporel des brebis mises à la lutte et les performances de reproduction a été mise en évidence. En effet, à mesure que la note d’état corporel (NEC) à la mise à la lutte augmentait, la fertilité et la prolificité s’amélioraient. Les brebis dont la NEC à la mise à la lutte a été supérieure ou égale à 3 ont obtenu des taux de fertilité de 100 % et de prolificité de 130 %, contre respectivement 76 % et 100 % pour celles dont la NEC à la mise à la lutte a été inférieure à 3.

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Directory of Open Access Journals - Sweden