AGRIS - 

2014

Babich, O.O., Kemerovo Inst. of Food Science and Technology

The results of the analysis of DNA sequences encoding L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) synthesis, performed to obtain universal primers complementary to conserved regions of the pal gene, are presented. The fragment of pal gene was amplified in organisms under study. Nucleotide sequence of the pal gene in microorganisms exhibiting L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity was determined by DNA sequencing. The results of its comparison with the corresponding sequences of known species are presented. Phenotypic characteristics and biochemical properties of selected cultures were studied. A research aimed to choose a superproducer strain of L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase was conducted. It was found that L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase synthesis was the most active in the following strains: Aureobasidium pullulans Y863, Rhodosporidium infirmominiatum Y1569, Candida glabrata Y2813, Candida maltose Y242, Debaryomyces robertsiae Y3392, Rhodosporidium diobovatum Y1565, Rhodotorula lactose Y2770, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y1127, Tilletiopsis washingtonensis Y1650, Torulopsis apicola Y566, Tremella foliacea Y1624, Rhodotorula rubra Y1193, and Debaryomyces castellii Y968. This allows recommending them for further research aimed to obtain the enzyme preparation of L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2013

Tsarenko, N.A., The N.I. Vavilov All-Russia Research and Development Inst. of Plant Growing. Far East Experimental Station, Vladivostok

For 5 years (2005-2009) studied were seasonal development rhythms of 296 varieties and samples of 15 taxons of the Prunus L. genus from the collection of the Far East experimental station after N. I. Vavilov, their adaptability to climatic conditions and a possibility of using in the selection for winter hardiness and Coccomyces blight. Average dates and accumulated positive temperatures required for beginning the main phenophases of Prunus L. species in sub-genera Padus, Cerasus and Prunophora have been found. Early beginning of vegetation is typical for species of the subgenus Padus, late ones – for subgenus Prunophora, the difference of accumulated positive temperatures in them was on average 196 degrees C. Early and late flowering species, including plants of East Asian wild species of the sections Pseudocerasus and Armeniaca breaking into flower first and species with later efflorescence time (Padus virginiana, P. serotina, Prunus Americana, P. maackii, P. maximowiczii, P. grandulosa) have been found. Early ripening terms of fruit (middle-late in July) with the least accumulated positive temperatures (273 degrees C) are characteristic of plants P. sargentii and P. nipponica which demonstrated synchronous passing of seasonal development rhythms reflecting their close relationship. The vegetation of the Prunus section plants ended in the first decade of October when the accumulated positive temperatures are 2578-2702 degrees C. According to the combination of phonological features a phylogenetic tree has been constructed comprising 2 clades: species of the Prunus section of the subgenus Prunophora and species of the subgenera Padus and Cerasus with representatives of the sections Armeniaca amd Microcerasus. Conclusions: the biological peculiarities of the studied species of the Prunus genus testify to full passing the main phonological phases in the conditions in the South of the Far East; some late flowering species with short vegetation terms, promising for including winter hardiness selection in the north zone of fruit growing in Russian have been revealed; the resultant data may be used in considering in-and in phylogenetic relations. | В течение 5 лет (2005-2009 гг.) исследовали сезонные ритмы развития 296 сортов и образцов 15 таксонов рода Prunus L. из коллекции Дальневосточной опытной станции ВИР им. Н.И. Вавилова, их приспособляемость к климатическим условиям и возможности использования в селекции на зимостойкость и устойчивость к коккомикозу. Установлены средние даты и суммы положительных температур, необходимых для наступления основных фенофаз видов Prunus L. в подродах Padus, Cerasus и Prunophora. Раннее начало вегетации характерно для видов подрода Padus, позднее - для подрода Prunophora, разница по сумме положительных температур у них составляла в среднем 196 град. C. Выявлены рано- и поздноцветущие виды, в т. ч. зацветающие первыми растения восточноазиатских дикорастущих видов секций Pseudocerasus и Armeniaca и виды с наиболее поздними сроками зацветания (Padus virginiana, P. serotina, Prunus americana, P.maackii, P. maximowiczii, P. glandulosa). Ранние сроки созревания плодов (середина-конец июля) при наименьшей сумме положительных температур (273 град. C) характерны для растений P. sargentii и P. nipponica, у которых отмечено синхронное прохождение сезонных ритмов развития, отражающее их близкое родство. Вегетация растений секции Prunus заканчивалась в первой декаде октября при сумме положительных температур 2578-2702 град. C. По совокупности фенологических признаков построено филогенетическое древо, включающее 2 клады: виды секции Prunus подрода Prunophora и виды подродов Padus и Cerasus с представителями секций Armeniaca и Microcerasus. Выводы: биологические особенности исследованных видов рода Prunus свидетельствуют о полном прохождении основных фенологических фаз в условиях юге Дальнего Востока; выявлен ряд поздноцветущих видов с короткими сроками вегетации, перспективных для включения в селекцию на зимостойкость в северной зоне плодоводства России; полученные данные могут быть использованы при рассмотрении филогенетических связей внутри рода.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2011

Kostylev, P.I.

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2011

Yurov, K.P. | Alekseenkova, S.V. | Yurov, G.K. | Ivanov, V.V., The Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russia Research and Development Inst. of Experimental Veterinary, Moscow

Presented are the results of molecular genetic investigation of epizootic strain of equine influenza virus. The equine influenza virus (EIV) H3N8 strain A/equine/Bitsa/2007 was isolated by us during an outbreak in Russia in 2007. Results of genetic typing showed that it belongs to American genotype line Florida subline 2, together with a group of strains isolated in China, India, Mongolia, etc. in 2007 - 2008. Phylogenetic analysis of genome segment NP showed that filogram of the strain A/equine/Bitsa/2007 and other strains A/equine/Mongolia/1/2008; A/equine/Almaty/26/2007 and A/equine/Hokkaido/1828/2008 have a separate branch, which may determine a new evolutionary line. Russian strain was isolated earlier than other strains in this group and has a middle position between European (A/equine/Newmarket/1/07; A/equine/Cheshire/1/07) and Asian strains. The active circulating in horses of EIV A/equine/Bitsa/2007 was confirmed by the results of serological studies in HIT and EIA. It is concluded that the EIV H3N8 strain A/equine/Bitsa/2007 relates to a group of viruses isolated in China, India, Mongolia and England that induced epizootic of influenza in horses in 2007-2008 in the territory of Eurasia. | Представлены результаты молекулярно-генетического исследования эпизоотического штамма (ШТ) вируса гриппа лошадей (ВГЛ) A/equine/Bitsa/1/2007 (H3N8), выделенного летом 2007 г. во время вспышки инфекции на территории Центрального региона РФ. Установлено, что он соответствовал группе ШТ, изолированных в 2007-2008 гг. в Китае, Индии, Монголии и др., и относится к американскому генотипу линии Флорида сублинии 2. Филогенетический анализ сегмента генома NP показал, что ШТ A/equine/Bitsa/1/2007 и ряд др. ШТ - A/equine/Mongolia/1/2008; A/equine/Almaty/26/2007 и A/equine/Hokkaido/1828/2008 формируют отдельную ветвь филограммы, которая возможно, определяет новую эволюционную линию. При этом российский ШТ хронологически выделен раньше остальных из этой группы и занимает среднее положение между европейскими (A/equine/Newmarket/1/07 и A/equine/Cheshire/1/07) и азиатскими ШТ. Активная циркуляция у лошадей ШТ, подобных (или аналогичных) ВГЛ A/equine/Bitsa/2007 была подтверждена представленными результатами серологических исследований в РТГА и ИФА. Средний геометрический титр антител в РТГА составил 250,92 (1:20-1:4096), в ИФА - 31791,76 (1:3200-1:204800). Результаты РТГА коррелировали с данными ИФА. Делается вывод, что ШТ ВГЛ A/equine/Bitsa/2007 относится к группе вирусов, выделенных в Китае, Индии, Казахстане, Монголии и Великобритании, которые вызвали эпизоотию гриппа лошадей в 2007-2008 гг. на территории Евразии.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2011

Vinogradova, I. V. | Gladyr', E.A., All-Russia Research and Development Inst. of Livestock Husbandry, Moscow Region

The characterizarion of the test-system for genodiagnostics of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) persisted in different regions in Russia was done. The objects of our study were cows (n=100) diagnosed as BLV carriers based on results of immunodiffusion test (IDT). In some animals (n=18) the presence of BLV was confirmed by hematological analysis. The study was performed on Black and White, Holstein and Ayrshire breeds of cattle from seven different populations of the Moscow region (population MR), Chelyabinsk region (populations Ural 1 and Ural 2) and Krasnodar krai (populations South 1, South 2, South 3 and South 4). The amplification of a fragment of env gene 444 b.p. long showed the presence of provirus DNA of BLV in 85 percent of IDT-positive animals. The subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis showed the persistence of two genetic varieties of BLV classified according to the World Classification and relating to the Australian and Belgian subgroups. The number of cows infected with the Belgian type of BLV is varied of 36.7 to 92.3 percent from the overall number of BLV carriers diagnosed by PCR and was in average 65.3 percent. The presence of both BLV types was found (as the Australian as Belgian types) in cows having the hematological stage of disease. Thus, the carried out study allowed producing the additional information about regional phylogeny of env gene fragment of bovine leukemia virus. | С использованием тест-системы для генодиагностики вируса лейкоза крупного рогатого скота (ВЛКРС) дана характеристика его типов, персистирующих в различных регионах России. Объект исследований-коровы (п=100), диагностированные как носители ВЛКРС по результатам реакции иммунодиффузии (РИД). У части животных (п= 18) наличие лейкоза было подтверждено гематологическим анализом. Исследования проводили на животных черно-пестрой, голштинской и айрширской пород, разводимых в семи популяциях Московской (МО), Челябинской (Урал 1, Урал 2) областей и Краснодарского края (Юг 1, Юг 2, Юг 3, Юг 4). Амплификация фрагмента гена env ВЛКРС длиной 444 п. о. показала наличие провирусной ДНК ВЛКРС у 85% животных, положительных по РИД. По результатам последующего анализ полиморфизма длин рестрикционных фрагментов (ПДРФ) установлено, что в изученных региональных популяциях циркулируют две генетические разновидности вируса, относящиеся по международной классификации к «австралийской» и «бельгийской» подгруппам. Доля коров, инфицированных бельгийским типом вируса, варьировала от 36,7 до 92,3% от общего числа животных-носителей, диагностированных методом ПЦР, и в среднем составила 65,3%. Укоров, находящихся на гематологической стадии заболевания лейкозом, установлено наличие обоих изучаемых типов ВЛКРС (как австралийского, так и бельгийского типов). Проведенные исследования позволили получить дополнительные сведения о региональной филогении участка гена env вируса лейкоза крупного рогатого скота.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2009

Dedkova, O.S. | Ruanet, V.V. | Pukhal'skij, V.A., Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Cluster analysis of the Triticum dicoccum chromosome passports by artificial neural networks and UPGMA divided the European T. dicoccum population into two groups, West European and Volga-Balkan. The West European T. dicoccum accessions displayed a predominance of the marker translocation T7A:5B (67% of the accessions), which was also found in a few accessions from other countries (Turkey, Iran, and northern Africa), and were similar in chromosome C-banding patterns. The Volga-Balkan T. dicoccum accessions differed in the C-banding patterns of some chromosomes from the West European accessions, thus probably originating from another founder population. It was assumed that the T. dicoccum accessions carrying the T7A:5B translocation had a common origin and that the wild T. dicoccum population of the Middle East (Syria and Lebanon) contributed to the origin of West European T. dicoccum

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2009

Yuzhakov, A.G. | Ustinova, G.I., The Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russia Research and Development Inst. of Experimental Veterinary, Moscow (Russian Federation) | Glotov, A.G. | Glotova, T.I. | Nefedchienko, A.V. | Kungurtseva, O.V. | Zaberezhnij, A.D. | Aliper, T.I., Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow (Russian Federation). The D.I. Ivanovskij Research and Development Inst. of Virology

Genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of non-cytopathogenic isolates (Bizon, Bor and Blagodatny) of bovine diarrhea virus (BDV) recovered from the samples of lymphoid and lung tissues of aborted feta and sick calves, as well as animal blood sera with different respiratory pathology were conducted in Siberia. The phylogenetic analysis has shown that these isolates relate to: Bison – to genotype 1, subgroup 1d (reference strain SH9), Bor – to genotype 1, subgroup 1 b (RS Osloss, ILLC), and Blagodatny – genotype 2 (RF New York 93). Phylogenetic dendrograms of field isolates and RS of BDV have been drafted. Bizon isolate was recovered from calf lungs with signs of acute respiratory disease, Bor was isolated from persistently infected imported heifers without evident clinical signs, Blagodatny – from lymphoid organs of an aborted fetus and stillborn calf from cow mothers with subclinical BDV genotype 2. it is concluded that non-cytopathogenic strain genotype 2 recirculates in Siberia and monitoring of new strains of BDV is required when conducting anti-epizootic actions

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2009

Shcherbakov, A.V. | Timina, A.M. | Chelysheva, M.V. | Kan'shina, A.V., Federal Centre for Animal Health, Yurievets

The phylogenetic analysis of the virus, responsible for an outbreak of atypical PRRS in the Irkutsk Region, the Russian Federation, in 2007, was performed. The Irkutsky isolate was identified as a highly pathogenic isolate of PRRS virus responsible for atypical PRRS epidemic in China. The level of nucleotide homology between Irkutsky and highly pathogenic Chinese isolates was 100% and 99.68 - 99.84% for ORF 7 and ORF5, respectively. The Irkutsky isolate was demonstrated to have a 90 bp deletion in ORF lb, that is, a marker feature of a highly pathogenic strain. Thus, the outbreak of atypical PRRS in the Irkutsk Region is the first officially supported case of disease in the RF caused by high pathogenic strain of PRRS virus.

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2008

Artemieva, A.M., akme11@yandex.ru | Chesnokov, Yu.V., The N.I. Vavilov All-Russia Research and Development Inst. of Plant Growing, St.-Petersburg

Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Brassica rapa L. were studied by the use of 96 accessions from the core collection of N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Industry and 10 new SSR primer pairs. Sixty one molecular markers (SSR) permitted to construct the UPGMA dendrogram where two main clusters were determined: the first cluster included generally leafy vegetable crops from East Asia, the second one the turnip and all oilseed crops. The vegetable accessions were clusterized in two clusters of Chinese cabbage and separate clusters of pakchoi and mizuna. Japanese leafy vegetables and hybrids between different subspecies were clusterized together with morphologically close and genealogically related accessions. The use of SSR primers did not permit to isolate different botanic subspecies of the turnip and oilseed crops. However use of the microsatellite markers studied may be fruitful in breeding programs for differentiation of leafy B. rapa vegetables for search of genetically different genotypes

Show more [+]

Less [-]

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation

2008

Dragovich, A.Yu., Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (Russian Federation). The N.I. Vavilov Inst. of General Genetics

Central Scientific Agricultural Library - Russian Federation