Iselesele

**Iselesele** linoma yilungu leqembu elihlukahlukene futhi elihlala emanzini ezinomzimba omfushane, ezingenamisila ezakha uhlelo lwe-**I-Anura** (ezivela esiGrekini sasendulo ἀνούρα, ngokwezwi nezwi 'engenamsila'). Izinhlobo zamaselesele ezinomzimba osiqinile ngenxa yezindlala ze-parotoid ezifana nezibungu zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi amaxoxo, kodwa umehluko phakathi kwamaxoxo awusebenzi kahle futhi uwumzimba nje, futhi awubonisi indlela yokubonisa nokuhlela noma umlando wokuziphendukela kwemvelo.

Amaselesele asakazeke phansi, kusuka ezindaweni ezishisayo kuya ezifundeni zaphesheya, kodwa inqwaba enkulu yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi ezihambisana nawo. Zihlanganisa cishe u-88% wezinhlobo zezilwane eziphila emanzini nasezweni, futhi ziyingxenye yezinhlobo ezinhlanu izilwane ezinomgogodla. Izinsalela ezindala kakhulu zexoxo" .amaxoxo zaziwa kusukela ku-Early Triassic yaseMadagascar (iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-250 edlule), kodwa isikhathi se-molecular sisikisela ukuthi ukuhluka kwazo kwezinye izilwane eziphila emanzini nasezweni kungahle kufinyelele ngaphambili kwesikhathi se-Permian, eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-265 edlule.  

Amaxoxo amadala anomzimba oqinile,amehlo aphumayo, ulimi olunamathiselwe ngaphambili, imilenze egobekile ngaphansi, futhi awunayo umsila ( wAmaxoxo anemisila). Amaxoxo anesikhumba esithsmbile, esinezithako ezisukela kwezingaphambeki kuya kwezingaphithi. Isikhumba sazo sihlukahluka ngemibala kusuka ensundu, empunga noluhlaza okotshani, kuya kumaphethini abomvu ngokugqamile noma aphuzi nomnyama ukubonisa ubuthi nokuvimbela izilwane ezizingelayo. Amaxoxo amadala aphila emanzini ahlanzekile nasendaweni eyomile; ezinye izinhlobo zivumelana ukuphila ngaphansi komhlaba noma ezihlahleni. Njengoba isikhumba sazo singena kancane, okuzenza zithinteke kalula ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni, zingahlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma zibe nokuzivumelanisa okukhethekile nezindawo ezomile. Amaxoxo akhiqiza imisindo ehlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yawo yokuzalela, futhi abonisa izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene okuyinkimbinkimbi ukuheha abangane, ukuvimbela izilwane ezizingelayo futhi ngokuvamile aphile.

## Umsuka kanye nendlela yokuhlela nokuhlukanisa izinto
Ukusetshenziswa kwamagama avamile *iselesele* nexoxo akunaso isizathu sendlela yokuhlukanisa izinto. Ngokombono wokuhlukaniswa, wonke amalungu ohlelo lwe-Anura angamaxoxo, kodwa kuphela amalungu omndeni we-Bufonidae abhekwa "njengamasele angempela". Ukusetshenziswa kwegama elithi *ixoxo* emagameni avamile kuvame ukubhekisela ezinhlotsheni eziphila emanzini noma ezincane futhi ezinezikhumba ezibushelelezi, ezinomswakama; igama elithi frog ngokuvamile libhekisela ezinhlolongweni ezihlala emhlabathini ezinezikhlahla ezomile, ezinamabala. Kunabantu abaningi abahlukile kulo mthetho.uhobo lwexoxo olutholakala emelika (*I-Bombina bombina*) inesikhumba esinamabala futhi ithanda indawo enamanzi kuyilapho i-Panamanian golden frog (*I-Atelopus zeteki*) isemndenini we-frog Bufonidae futhi inesikhumba esibushelelezi.

### umsuka
Umsuka wegama lwethimbar *I-Anura* - kanye nokuphimisela kwalo kokuqala - yisiqalo esiyimfihlo IsiGreki sasendulo ἀν- (an- kusuka ku-ἀ- ngaphambi konkamisa) 'ngaphandle', kanye ne- οὐρά (ourá) 'umsila wezilwane'. okusho ukuthi "engenamsila". Ibhekisela esimweni esingenamisila salezi zilwane eziphila emanzini nasezweni.

**Izinhlobo zamaselesele** (**isele**):

*umgqagqa (Hyperoliidae)
**Umgqagqa i-Argusa (*[[Hyperolius argus]]*)
**Umgqagqa ka-Pickersgill (*[[Hyperolius pickersgilli]]*)
**Umgqagqa oluhlaza okotshania (*[[Hyperolius tuberilinguis]]*)
**Umgqagqa omkhulua (*[[Afrixalus fornasini]]*)
**Umgqagqa omude (*[[Hyperolius poweri]]*)
**Umgqagqa opendiwea (*[[Hyperolius marmoratus]]*)
**Umgqagqa othambile (*[[Afrixalus delicatus]]*)
**Umgqagqa oyigolide (*[[Afrixalus aureus]]*)
**Umgqagqa wemigqa ephuzi (*[[Hyperolius semidiscus]]*)
**Umgqagqa weminduzea (*[[Hyperolius pusillus]]*)

*isinana (Brevicipitidae)
**Isinana esimabhadubhadua (*[[Hemisus guttatus]]*)
**Isinana esipendiwe (*[[Hemisus marmoratus]]*)
**Isinana sakwaNdumo (*[[Breviceps passmorei]]*)
**Isinana sakwaPhinda (*[[Breviceps carruthersi]]*)
**Isinana sasehlathinia (*[[Breviceps adspersus]]*)
**Isinana saseMozambique (*[[Breviceps mossambicus]]*)
**Isinana sekhwela/Isinana somtshingo (*[[Breviceps sopranus]]*)
**Isinana sikaBilboa (*[[Breviceps bagginsi]]*)

*idwi (Pipidae)
**Idwi elijwayelekilea (*[[Xenopus laevis]]*)
**Idwi lika-Müller (*[[Xenopus muelleri]]*)

*uvete (Ptychadenidae)
**Uvete lwaseNileb (*[[Ptychadena nilotica]]*)
**Uvete olufishane (*[[Ptychadena taenioscelis]]*)
**Uvete olujwayelekile (*[[Ptychadena anchietae]]*)
**Uvete olunemigqaa (*[[Ptychadena porosissima]]*)
**Uvete olunempumulo ecijilea (*[[Ptychadena oxyrhynchus]]*)
**Uvete olunomugqa obanzi (*[[Ptychadena mossambica]]*)

*ixoxo (Bufonidae)
**Ixoxo elibomvua (*[[Schismaderma carens]]*)
**Ixoxo elifishane (*[[Poyntonophrynus fenoulheti]]*)
**Ixoxo elihlotshisiwea (*[[Hildebrandtia ornata]]*)
**Ixoxo eliklabalasayoa (*[[Sclerophrys capensis]]*)
**Ixoxo eliluhlaza okotshani (*[[Sclerophrys garmani]]*)
**Ixoxo lembodlomanea (*[[Sclerophrys gutturalis]]*)
**Ixoxo lomhlane oyisicaba (*[[Sclerophrys pusilla]]*)

*umanswininiza (*[[Arthroleptis]]* spp.)
**Umanswininiza onyawo zingamafosholo (*[[Arthroleptis stenodactylus]]*)
**Umanswininiza wasehlathinia (*[[Arthroleptis wahlbergii]]*)

*usomagwebu (*[[Chiromantis]]* spp.)
**Usomagwebu waseningizimua (*[[Chiromantis xerampelina]]*)

*ukassina (*[[Kassina]]* spp.; *[[Phlyctimantis]]* spp.)
**Ukassina obhadlayoa (*[[Kassina senegalensis]]*)
**Ukassina wemilenze ebomvu (*[[Phlyctimantis maculatus]]*)

*Inkunzi yexoxo (*[[Pyxicephalus edulis]]*)

*Isele elisanjoloba elinemigqaa (*[[Phrynomantis bifasciatus]]*)
*Isele elithambile elijwayelekile (*[[Cacosternum boettgeri]]*)
*Isele elithambile elinemigqa (*[[Cacosternum striatum]]*)
*Isele elithambile elisathusia (*[[Cacosternum nanum]]*)
*Isele elithambile laKwaZulu (*[[Cacosternum nanogularum]]*)
*Isele lase-Kloof (*[[Natalobatrachus bonebergi]]*)
*Isele lasemfuleni eligqafazayoa (*[[Strongylopus grayii]]*)
*Isele lasemfuleni elijwayelekilea (*[[Amietia delalandii]]*)
*Isele lasemfuleni elinemidwaa (*[[Strongylopus fasciatus]]*)
*Isele lasempophomeni (*[[Hadromophryne natalensis]]*)
*Isele lasesihlabathini elinemigqa (*[[Tomopterna cryptotis]]*)
*Isele lasesihlabathini elingqongqozayoa (*[[Tomopterna krugerensis]]*)
*Isele lasesihlabathini laseNatalia (*[[Tomopterna natalensis]]*)
*Isele lasesihlabathini likaTandy (*[[Tomopterna tandyi]]*)
*Isele lasezihlahleni elinsundua (*[[Leptopelis mossambicus]]*)
*Isele lasezihlahleni laseNatali (*[[Leptopelis natalensis]]*)
*Isele lechibi elifishanea (*[[Phrynobatrachus mababiensis]]*)
*Isele lechibi elihonayoa (*[[Phrynobatrachus natalensis]]*)
*Isele lechibi lasempumalanga Afrika (*[[Phrynobatrachus acridoides]]*)

## Imithombo