open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Helen gualinga

## Helena Gualinga
UNksz. Helena Gualinga owesifazane omncane oyisishoshovo semvelo esihlala Ecuador, oyiphimbo elikhulu labantu abasha elivikela iAmazon Rainforest. UHelena uzalwa ngonyaka u-2002, uphuma emphakhathini iKichwa Sarayaku, iqembu labantu elivikela imvelo kanye nomhlaba. 

UHelena waqala wakhuluma njengomntwana omncane ekhulumela imvelo ngoba wabona ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu esasikhomba ingozi kwimvelo yomphakathi wakhe, usiko kanye nobuciko bakhe. Wasebenza izinkundla zokuxhumana, ukukhuluma phambi kwabantu, nezinye izindawo ezahlukahlukene.Usekhulume ezindaweni eziningi ezifana neUnited Nations, la khona egcizelela indaba yokuvikela kanye nokulwela abantu bakhe.

Ukulwa kwakhwe akugxilile kuphela ekuvikeleni kwemvelo, kodwa futhi amalungelo abantu, ukugcina kwamasiko,  kanye nokugqugqumezela intsha. UHelena uyakholwa ukuthi abantu abasha banawo amandla futhi banezibopho zokuvikela umhlaba. UHelena namanje usaqhubeka ngokuba isibonelo sihle kubantu mhlaba wonke. Ukuzimisela kwakhe kanye nesibindi kuluphawo olubalulekile. 

## Imithombo yolwazi
Isifo sokucindezela

Ukuzicundezela yisimo sempilo yengqondo esithunta indlela umuntu indlela umuntu azizwa ngayo, acabanga ngayo, nendlela asebenza ngayo. Lesisifo sivame ukuphatha wonke umuntu ngisho nezungane.Isifo esenza abantu bezizwe bephansi noma bedangele bengafuni lutho. Uma uzizwa ingathi ungazilimza noma ukuzibulala kusube kuyilesi sifo.

Uma ubheke naso uyakwazu ukuthola usizo njengokukhuluma nomuntu osenduze nawe noma bakhona abanntu abangakusiza njengabantu abawufundele lomsebezi. Uhulumeni uyazama ukubazisa bantu ababhekene nalesisimo uma uya emthola mpilo uzoba thola anbantu mahala kumele uzimisele ukuze ulapheke.

Uma sibheka eNingizimu Africa baningi abantu abaphethwe ileligciwane kodwa kumele abantu baqala batholeusizo. Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu baqashiswe ngalesisifo .Abantu bangathola lesisifo ngokucabanga kakhulu isibonelo ukukhokhela imoto. Mina bengifisa ukuthi uhulumeni anga qwashisa nabantu abasemakhaya ngoba abanalo ulwazi oluningi ngale sisifo.

## Umthombo wolwazi
Isifo sikamaleveva

Isifo sikaMalaleveva
link=File:Winsor_McCay_-_Dream_of_the_Rarebit_Fiend_(1909-06-05)_Mosquito_panel_6.png|thumb|Lesi sithombe sikhomba umyane uluma umuntu , okungenzeka ukuthi uncunca igazi noma uyalifaka.
**Umalaleveva** yisifo esidalwa yizinambuzane , ikakhulukazi imiyane ethwala futhi edala leli gciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-*Plasmodium*. Umalaleveva yisifo ngesingisi esibizwa nge*Malaria*. Lesi sifo sidalwa ukuthi umiyane wesifazane wohlobo i-*Anopheles* uluma umuntu bese uthwala lelo gazi uwudlulisele komunye umuntu ngokuthi ufake leli gazi elikade liwuthatha komunye. Leli yigciwane eliyingozi kakhulu ngoba ngenkathi umiyane ufaka igazi lomunye umuntu komunye nomunye lokho kuyagulisa ngoba abantu banezifo eziningi ezihlukahlukene , ngakhoke ufaka i-sporozoites egazini lomunye umuntu.

Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kakhulu ezifundeni ezijwayele ukushisa kakhulu nalapho okusuke kunezimvula khona ikakhulukazi eNingizimu Afrika, Asia naseNingizimu Melika. Ukushisa yikhona okuletha imiyane kuleyondawo kanye nendawo eseduze namanzi njengendawo enamaxhaphozi , umfula omileyo ongahambi kanye namadamu. Kuba nezimpawu ezibakhona uma unalesi sifo ezifana nomkhuhlane ophindaphindayo, ukujuluka, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukukhathala kanye nokuhudula umzimba. Umalaleveva usengelinye lamagciwane abulala kakhulu emhlabeni ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane kanye nabantu abahlala ezindaweni ezithintekayo. Kubalulekile ukuthi usheshe welashwe uma unaleligciwane ukuze uzokwazi ukuthola imithi yokulwa negciwane imithi enjengo ' *antimalarial* *drugs* '. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela ngokuphelele ukuze igciwane lingaphinde libuye. Ukuvimbela ukuthola isifo sikamalaleveva kumele usebenzise inethi yokulala evimbela imiyane kanye nokuthatha imithi yokuzivikela uma uhamba ezindaweni ezithintekayo. Ukugwema isifo sikamalaleveva kudinga ukubambisana phakathi kwezempilo zomphakathi, izinhlelo zikaHulumeni kanye nokuziphatha komuntu siqu. Umalaleveva usengelinye lamagciwane abulalayo kakhulu emhlabeni kodwa unganqandeka futhi welashwe inqobo nje uma kungathathwa izinyathelo ezifanele.

Imithombo Yolwazi :

* *Ngokwe World Health Organization (2021), umalaleveva usengelinye lamagciwane abulala kakhulu emhlabeni.*
* *Ngokuka Dlamini (2020), umalaleveva eNingizimu Afrika.Johannesburg; Izincwadi Zesayens*i.
* Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) -Malaria Factsheet. Atlanta:CDC.
* National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) - Malaria in South Africa. Johannesburg: NICD.

## Imithombo Yolwazi

[hlela]

: Umalaleveva
Okusalungiswa4

JOZINI

**IJozini**  idolobha elitholakala enyakatho  yesifundazwe saKwazulu -Natal, ngaphansi kukaMasipala wesiSinda waseMkhanyakude.Igama elithi "Jozini" lisho **"indawo yemikhonto"** (place of spears). Lokhu kubhekisela emikhontweni eminingi eyatholakala emihlumeni (caves) yakule ndawo eyayisetshenziswa ngezikhathi zezimpi zasendulo. Kule ndawo kunedamu okuthiwa iJozini Dam,idamu laseJozini **Pongolapoort Dam** Leli damu lakhiwa emfuleni uPhongolo. Laziwa kakhulu ngokuba yindawo ekahle yokudoba inhlanzi ebizwa ngeTiger Fish-. Futhi kukhona izikebhe zokunethezeka (houseboats) lapho izivakashi zilala khona emanzini.

IJozini izungezwe zintaba ezinhle  zoBombo (Lebombo Mountains) , ezidala isimo sezwe esikhangayo nesihlukile.Idamu lakhiwa ngenhloso yokunisela amapulazi asendaweni yase-Makatini Flat, lapho kutshalwa khona umoba, ukotini, kanye nommbila. Le ndawo izungezwe yizindawo zokungcebeleka nemvelo efana ne-Pongola Game Reserve.Ungabona izilwane zasendle ezifana nezindlovu, izimvubu, izingwenya, nobhayisikidi .Uma uvakashele amagumbi okungcebeleka (lodges) aseduze nedamu uthola iTiger lodge.

## Umthombo:
Iphepha

Inqubo yokwenza iphepha yasungulwa IMpumalanga Asia okungenani ekuqaleni kuka-105 CE ngu-Umthenwa wasenkantolo yamaHan uCai Lun, yize kunobufakazi bemivubukulo bokuthi kukhona izinto ezifana nephepha zekhulu lesibili BCE eChina. Ngaphambi Ukwenziwa kwezimboni kokukhiqizwa kwephepha, iphepha elivame kakhulu kwakuyiphepha le-rap, elenziwe ngezindwangu zemvelo ezilahliwe eziqoqwe ngabadayisi be-ragpickers. Ukusungulwa kwe-pulp ukhuni ngo-1843, kuhambisana ne-Second Industrial Revolution, kwenza iphepha le-pulpwood laba uhlobo oluvame kakhulu kuze kube namuhla.
Izindawo zasemaphandleni

Ngokuvamile, indawo yasemakhaya noma indawo esemaphandleni iyindawo yezwe esendaweni engaphandle kwamadolobha namadolabhana. Izindawo zasemakhaya ngokujwayelekile zinezinga eliphansi labantu kanye nezindawo zokuhlala ezincane. Izindawo zokulima kanye nezindawo zokugawula izihlahla ngokuvamile zichazwa njengezasemakhaya, kanye nezinye izindawo ezingekho nentuthuko enkulu. Amazwe ahlukene anezincazelo ezahlukene zendawo yasemakhaya ngenhloso yezibalo kanye nokuphatha.

Izindawo zasemakhaya zinezindlela ezihlukile kwezomnotho nakwezokuxhumana ngenxa yobudlelwano bazo nezimboni ezisuselwe emhlabeni njengokulima, ukugawula izihlahla, kanye nokukhishwa kwezinsiza. Umnotho wasemakhaya ungathinteka kakhulu ezikhathini zokuchuma nokwehla futhi ubuthaka uma kunezimo zezulu ezinzima noma izinhlekelele zemvelo, njengokoma. Lezi zimo, kanye namandla amakhulu omnotho akhuthaza ukwanda kwamadolobha, ziye zaholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwabantu, okubizwa ngokuthi " ukubaleka kwasemakhaya", lapho izizathu zomnotho zikhuthaza intsha ukuthi iye emadolobheni ukuze ithole imfundo kanye namathuba emisebenzi, bese kushiyeka abantu abadala, abangafundile kakhulu, nabampofu ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Ukuthuthuka komnotho okuhamba kancane kungaholela ezinsizeni ezibuthakathaka ezifana nokunakekelwa kwezempilo, imfundo, kanye nengqalasizinda. Lo mjikelezo wobumpofu uyisizathu esenza ukuthi izingxenye ezintathu esenza ukuthi izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zabantu abampofu emhlabeni bahlale ezindaweni zasemakhaya, ngokusho kweNhlangano Yezokudla Nezolimo (FAO).

Ezinye izindawo zomphakathi ziye zaphumelela ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa komnotho ezindaweni zasemakhaya, ngezinhlelo ezifana nokwandisa ukufinyelela kukagesi noma kwi-inthanethi. Umlando ukhombisa ukuthi izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa bezigxile kakhulu ezimbonini ezinkulu  zokukhishwa kwezinsiza, njengokumbiwa kwemayini nokugawula izihlahla. Nokho, izindlela zakamuva ezibheke ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme zithathela ingqalelo ukuhlukhhluka komnotho kulezi zindawo zomphakathi
Draft 4

## Umluko

**Umluko** indlela owenza ngayo izinwele zakho zibukeke, awugcini nje ngokubukeka kahle, uba yisibonakaliso bobuntu bethu, isiko, nesitayela. Kusukela kulezi ezintsha futhi ezihlanzekile kuya kwezibukhali futhi ezingajwayelekile,zikhona izitayela zezinwele zawo wonke umuntu. Ukhiye wokubukeka kahle nomluko ukuthola lokho okofanele wena. Kumele uqale ucabange ngesimo sobuso bakho, uhlobo lwezinwele, nempilo oyiphilayo. Ingabe ufuna ukwenza isitatimende noma ufuna ukuhlala ungabonakali? Zama izitayela ezihlukene. Umluko ukwenza uzethembe futhi ubemuhle.

## Izinkomba
Isabelomali

**Isabelomali** uhlelo lokubala, ngokuvamile ukwabiwa kwezimali, isikhathi esithile esinqunyiwe, ngokuvamile unyaka owodwa noma inyanga. Isabelomali singahlanganisa amanani entengiso alindelwe kanye nemalingeniso, ubungakonani bezinsizakusebenza okuhlanganisa isikhathi, intengo kanye nezindleko, imithelela yemvelo efana nohowo olungcolisa umoya, eminye imiphumela, ingcebo, izimelo kanye nokugeleza kwemali . Izinkampani, ohulumeni, imindeni, kanye nezinye izinhlangano zisebenzisa izabelomali ukuveza izinhlelo zamaqhingasu wobuqhebeqhebe ngokwemigomo elinganisekayo. 

Ukulungiselela isabelomali kuvumela izinkampani, iziphathimandla, imenzo ezimele noma imindeni ukuthi ibeke izinto eziza kuqala futhi icubungule ngokufezwa kwezimpokophelo zayo. Ukuze kufezwe lezi zimpokophelo kungadingeka ukuthi kube nokuntuleka kwemali (izindleko ezidlula imalingeniso) noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi kongiwe, ukuze isabelomali sizoletha imali eyengeziwe (imalingeiso edlula izindleko).

Emkhakheni wezentengiselwano, isabelomali siphinde sibe umbhalo wezezimali noma umbiko oningiliza ngezindleko ezizoba khona lapho inkonzo ethile yenziwa. Noma ngubani owenza isabelomali kumele alandele futhi akufanele asiguqule uma umthengi amukela inkonzo yakhe.

Isabelomali siveza izindleko ezizoa khona kanye neziphakamiso zendlela yokuhlangabezana nazo ngezinsizakusebenza. Isabelomali singaveza imali eyengeziwe, sinikeze izinsizakusebenza ezingasetshenziswa esikhathini esizayo, noma siveze ukuntuleka lapho izindleko zidlula khona imalingeniso noma ezinye izinsizakusebenza.

## Uhulumeni
Isabelomali sikahulumeni siyisifinyezo noma uhlelo lokwabwa kwezinsizakusebenza ezilindelwe (ngokuvamile kodwa hhayi njalo ezivela enteleni) kanye nezindleko zalowo hulumeni. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zesabelomali sikahulumeni: isabelomali sokusebenza noma samanje, isabelomali sotshalomali, kanye nesabelomali sokugeleza kwemali. 

### Ngokwezwe

#### INingizimu Afrika
Isabelomali sikaZwelonke saseNingiimu Afrikasiwuhlelo lokwabiwa kwemali olwethulwa uNgoqngoqshe Wezezimali ePhalamende. Luyixhokoviyane lendlela uhulumeni alindele ukukhuphula ngayo imalingeniso yezwe nendlela leyo mali ezokwabiwa ngayo eminyangweni ehlukahlukene nasezinhlelweni zikahulumeni kunyakamali omusha. Imalingeniso ngokuyinhloko ivela enteleni, kuhlanganisa intela yemiholo, intela yemishumanqa, kanye nentela ejobelwayo. Umngcinimafa kaZwelonke uyena ulungiselela isabelomali futhi welusa ukugunudwa kwaso unyaka wonke.
Isabelomali Sikazwelonke SaseNingizimu Afrika

**Isabelomali Sikazwelonke saseNingizimu Afrika** uhlelo lwezezimali lwaminyaka yonke olwethulwa nguNgqongqoshe Wezezimali ePhalamende . Luyixhokviyane lendlela uhulumeni alindele ngayo ukuqoqa imalingeniso nendlela leyo mali izokwabiwa ngayo eminyangweni nasezinhlelweni zonyakamali ozayo. Isabelomali sakhelwa ukuxhasa izinto eziseqhulwini ezweni ngokuhlela kwesikhathi esimaphakathi.  Imalingeniso ivela kakhulu ezinteleni, okuhlanganisa intela yemali yomuntu siqu, intela yemalingeniso yemishumanqa, kanye nentela yenzuzo eyengeziwe. Imikhakha yokusebenzisa imali zifaka phakathi imfundo, impilo, intuthuko yomphakathi, kanye nentuthuko yezomnotho. UMgcinimafa Kazwelonke ulungiselela isabelomali futhi eluse ukugunundwa kwaso unyaka wonke.

## Isabelomali Sikazwelonke
Intuthwane

## Izintuthwane

**Izintuthwane** ziyizidala ezimangalisa kakhulu emhlabeni. Lezilwane ezincane zihlala enhlabathini, zisebenza ndawonye futhi zikwazi ukuthwala izinto ezinesisindo esiphindwe kaningi kunesisindo sazo. Kunezinhlobo zezintuthwane ezingaphezu - 12,000 ezaziwayo, futhi zitholakala cishe kuwo wonke amazwe. Izintuthwane zisebenzisa amakhemikhali ukuxhumana zodwa, njengokuthumela amasignali ngenxa yokudla noma ingozi. Zisebenza ndawonye ukwakha amakholoni, ukufuna ukudla, nokuvikela indawo yazo. E-Ningizimu Afrika zikhona izinhlobo zezintuthwane, evamile intuthwane emnyama.

## Izinkomba
Ibhola

**ibhola** liyinto eyindilinga (ngokuvamile eyimbulunga, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi esaqanda)  esetshenziswa ngezindlela eziningana. Isetshenziswa emidlalweni yebhola, lapho ukudlala komdlalo kulandela isimo sebhola njengoba lishaywa, libhutshuzwa noma liphonswe abadlali. Amabhola angasetshenziswa futhi ebuqhebeqhebeni obulula, njengokulinqaka noma ukwenza amajuggling
Owesifazane

## Ukhala uyazithulisa owesifazane obulewe ephila udade wabo
**[[Owesifazane]]** osemncane ukhala uyazithulisa ngodadewabo owambulala ephila, uthi udinga ongase amsize njengoba udaba lwakhe elubukile nasemaphoyiseni kodwa lutho ukuthola usizo.

**Lona** wesifazane ukhala ngokuthi ngisho nabomthetho abamsizi ngalutho njengoba wavula icala ngo-14 May 2025, uma elandela udaba uthi umseshi icala liku Mshushisi enkantolo.Case number 59/5/2025. Enye inkinga akhala ngayo ukuthi akakwazi uthola isitifiketi sengane ngenxa yalenkinga, R370 nawo akakwazi ukuwuthola.

**indaba** yakhe uyiqala kanje; "Igama lami ndingu Mihle Cangcatha ndineminyaka engama 21 ubudala, ndikhule ndinenxaki kwi birth certificate yami yaphuma ibhalwe ukuthi- Male okanti ndiyintombazane. Ngoku kwale ID endinayo ibonakalisa ukuba ndiyi- Male .
**usisi** wami wenza iclaim kwa Capitec, wahtola imali engango R15 000 neka R12 000. Ndathi ngokufumana ukuthi kanti ngihlezi nje usisi wami ungibulele ngiphila, ndasuka ndabaleka emzini wakhe.

## IMITHOMBO YOLWAZI

KZNNAMUHLA NEWS PAGE

KZN NEWS PAGE

NEWSROOM AFRIKA
UBUHLE BEMITHOMBO

**UBUHLE BEMITHOMBO**

Imithombo iyigugu elikhulu empilweni yabantu nakwimvelo. Uma sikhuluma ngobuhle bemithombo sikhuluma ngokubaluleka kwayo, umthelela wayo omuhle emphakathini kanye nendima yayo ekugcineni impilo iqhubeka kahle. Imithombo ingaba imithombo yamanzi, eyemvelo kanye neyolwazi. Zonke lezi zinhlobo zinemisebenzi ebalulekile futhi ziletha ubuhle obubonakalayo nobungabonakali.

Okokuqala, imithombo yamanzi iyisisekelo sempilo. Amanzi ahlanzekile adingeka ukuphuza, ukupheka, ukugeza kanye nokunisela izitshalo. Ngaphandle kwamanzi impilo ibingeke ibe khona. Imithombo enjengezimpophoma nemifula ayigcini nje ngokusinika amanzi kuphela kodwa iphinde ibe yindawo enhle eheha izivakashi. Isibonelo, Tugela Falls ingenye yezimpophoma ezinde kakhulu emhlabeni futhi iyindawo eheha abantu abaningi ngenxa yobuhle bayo bemvelo. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi imithombo yamanzi iletha kokubili ukuphila nobuhle obujabulisa amehlo.

Okwesibili, imithombo yemvelo ifaka phakathi izihlahla, izilwane, umhlaba kanye nomoya. Le mithombo isisiza ngokusinika ukudla, izinkuni zokwakha kanye nomoya wempilo esiwuphefumulayo. Izindawo ezifana neKruger National Park zikhombisa ukubaluleka kokuvikelwa kwemithombo yemvelo. Lapho izilwane nezitshalo kugcinwa ziphephile kanti abantu bayafunda ngokubaluleka kokulondoloza imvelo. Ubuhle bemvelo bulethela abantu ukuthula kwengqondo kanye nentokozo.

**References**

Postel, sandra.(1997). Last oasis:Facing water scacity.W.W.Norton & company

Gleick, PeterH..(2014). The world's water; The biennial report on freshwater resources.Island Press.

Ward, Diane Raines. (2003).Water wars: Drought, flood,folly,,and the politics of thirst.Riverhead books.

## Izinkomba
Amaphupho Ami

**Amaphupho Ami**

Iphupho lami ukuphila impilo enenjongo nenjabulo. Ngifuna ukuvuka nsuku zonke ngijabule ngengikwenzayo futhi ngizethemba ukuthi ngenza umehluko. Impumelelo kimina ayigcini nje ngokuba nemali, kodwa futhi imayelana nokukhula komuntu siqu, isipiliyoni esiphusile, kanye nekhono lokusiza abanye. 

Ngokuzayo, ngiphupha ngokuba nomsebenzi ohambisana nothando lwami namakhono. Noma ngabe ukuba uchwepheshe ophumelelayo, ukuqala ibhizinisi lami, noma ukudala okuthile okusha, ngifuna umsebenzi wami ukhuthaze abantu. Ngithemba nokuhambela izindawo ezinhle njenge-Paris ne-Japan ukuze ngihlole amasiko ahlukene futhi ngifunde imibono emisha.

Ngaphezu kwakho konke, iphupho lami ukwakha impilo ejabulisayo nenokuthula nabantu engibathandayo. Ngifuna ukondla umndeni wami, ngenze abazali bami baziqhenye, futhi ngizihlanganise nabangane abahle. Ngokusebenza kanzima, ngokuhlala ngizimisele, futhi ngikholelwa kimina, ngiyazi ukuthi ngingaguqula amaphupho ami abe ngokoqobo.

## izinkomba
Ukwakhiwa

Ukwakhiwa Kwendlu

**Ukwakhiwa** kwendlu kuyinqubo ehlelekile edinga ukuhlela kahle, ulwazi lobunjiniyela, kanye nokulandela imithetho kahulumeni. Indlu ayakhiwa nje ngokubeka izitini phezu kwezitini, kodwa kudingeka izigaba eziningana kusukela ekuhleleni kuze kube sekuphothulweni kwayo. Le athikili ichaza izigaba ezisemqoka ekwakhiweni kwendlu.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlela nokuklama indlu. Lapha umnikazi wendlu usebenzisana nochwepheshe njengomdwebi wezindlu ` noma unjiniyela ukuze kwakhiwe ipulani lendlu. Ipulani libonisa ubukhulu bendlu, inani lamakamelo, izindlu zangasese, ikhishi, kanye nezinye izingxenye.Kubalulekile ukuthi ipulani lihambisane nemithetho kamasipala kanye nemigomo yokwakha esebenza endaweni.Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwakha, kudingeka kutholakale imvume yokwakha kumasipala.Ngemva kokuthola imvume, indawo iyahlolwa futhi ilungiswe. Lokhu kungafaka:Ukuhlanza indawo (ukususa izihlahla noma imfucumfucu),Ukulinganisa umhlaba kanye ukuhlola uhlobo lomhlabathi.Ukuhlolwa komhlabathi kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uzokwazi yini ukweseka isisindo sendlu ngaphandle kokudilika noma ukuqhekeka.[2]

Isisekelo siyisisekelo sendlu yonke. Uma singaqinile indlu ingaqhekeka noma iwe.Kumba umgodi ngokobukhulu obubekwe epulanini, kufakwe insimbi yokuqinisa  bese kuthululwa ukhonkolo .Izinhlobo zezisisekelo zingafaka:Strip foundation,  Raft foundation  kanye nePile foundation (ezindaweni ezinomhlabathi obuthakathaka).Ngemva kokoma kwesisekelo kuqala ukwakhiwa kwezindonga.Izinto ezivamile ezisetshenziswa zifaka:Izitini Amabhulokhi ,izindonga zakhiwa ngokulandela ipulani kushiywe izikhala zamafasitela neminyango. Udaka lusetshenziswa ukubopha izitini ndawonye.Uphahla luvikela indlu emvuleni, elangeni, nasemoyeni. Inqubo ifaka:Ukwakhiwa kohlaka lwophahla, ukufakwa kwamashidi ensimbi noma amathayela . Uphahla kufanele lufakwe kahle ukuze kungangeni amanzi.

Ngaphambi kokuthi izindonga zivalwe ngokuphelele, kufakwa izintambo zikagesi ,amapayipi amanzi ,amapayipi endle lokhu kwenziwa ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle.Ukufaka upulasitela ezindongeni ,ukupenda,ukufaka amathayela phansi,ukufaka iminyango namafasitela,ukufaka izinto zangaphakathi njengekhishi namakhabethe lapho konke sekuphothuliwe.Indlu ihlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ihlangabezana nezinga elidingekayo. ngakh ke ukwakhiwa kwendlu kuyinqubo edinga ukuhlela kahle, ukulandela imithetho kanye nokusebenzisa izinto ezisezingeni.

## Izinkomba
Inkulumo Yobunjalo Bezwe (eNingizimu Afrika)

**Inkulumo Yobunjalo Bezwe kaMongameli waseNingizimu Afrika** (efingqiwe ngokuthi i-SONA) ingumcimbi waminyaka yonke kuMbusobala waseNingizimu Afrika, lapho uMongameli waseNingizimu Afrika ebika khona ngobunjalo bezwe, ngokuvamile ekuqalisweni kabusha kwezindlu zePhalamende ( iSishayamthetho Sikazwelonke kanye noMkhandlu Wezifundazwe Kazwelonke ).

Inkulumo yobunjalo bezwe, ebizwa nangokuthi i-SONA ivame ukwenzeka ezindlini zePhalamende eKapa, okuyisihlalo sePhalamende laseNingizimu Afrika .

Le nkulumo iphawula ukuvulwa konyaka kwephalamende futhi ivame ukuhanjelwa yizikhulu zezombusazwe kanye nezikhulu zikahulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika, okuhlanganisa noMongameli bangaphambilini, uMahluleli Oyinhloko yeNkantolo Yomthethosisekelo kanye namanye amalungu ezokwahlulela, uMphathi weBhange Lombuso, kanye namanxusa kanye nabacebedisi kuMbusosabala.

Udwendwe lukamongameli oluya esimisweni esihlangene luhambisana nembongi ehlabelela inkondlo yokudumisa umongameli. Inkulumo yandulelwa ukungena kwamalungu ephalamende, izikhulu, osaziwayo kanye nezivakashi egumbini benyathela icansi elibomvu, futhi kuvame ukusakazwa kumabonakude njengombukisobhanya wengqephu wecansi elibomvu .

Ngemva kokuphela kwenkulumo, kuba nenkulumompikiswano yephalamende ngalenkulumo, kulandelwe okunye ukuhlala kwephalamende lapho umongameli ephendula khona ingxoxo.

## Umlando
I-SONA yonyaka wezi-2008 yayiluphawu lokuqala ngemuva kokuxoshwa kukaMengameli waseNingizimu Afrika uThabo Mbeki njengoMongameli we- African National Congress (ANC) yinhlangano ebusayo uKhongolese, kanye nokungabikho koMongameli bangaphambilini uNelson Mandela noFW de Klerk kanye nabalingani babo.

I-SONA yowezi-2022, eyethulwe nguMongameli uCyril Ramaphosa, ibanjelwe eHholo Lomuzi laseKapa okokuqala, ngenxa yomlilo owabangela umonakalo omkhulu ezindlini zePhalamende ngalowo nyaka . 

Njengoba ukulungiswa kwezakhiwo zePhalamende kuhlelwe ukuthi kuqedwe ngoDisemba wezi-2026, iNkulumo Yobunjalo Bezwe yalowo nyaka yenzeke enkubeni eyakhiwe, etholakala eRoeland Street, eduze kweZindlu zePhalamende. 

## Izihlokoziqu ngezilimi ezisemthethweni zaseNingizimu Afrika
Ngenxa yokuthi Umbusobala waseNingizimu Afrika unezilimi ezisemthethweni eziyishumi nanye, iNkulumo Yobunjalo Bezwe iyatholakala, ngokuhlelelekayo noma ngesicelo, ngazo zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni futhi ishicilelwe kusizindalwebu seNkonzo Yezokuxhumana noKwaziswa sikaHulumeni (GCiS).

* IsiBhunu : 
* IsiNgisi : *Inkulumo Yesimo Sezwe kaMongameli waseNingizimu Afrika*
* isiNdebele : 
* isiXhosa : 
* isiZulu : 
* IsiPedi : 
* IsiSuthu : 
* IsiTswana : 
* IsiSwati : 
* IsiVenda : 
* IsiTsonga : 

## Amaphatho
Ukugcina

Azibuyele Emasisweni
**Ukugcina** amasiko kusikhumbuza ukuthi singobani futhi sisukaphi.Kudala kwakuthi uma kunentombazane emzini womnumzane, lapha sekufike isigaba sokuthi iya ebuntombini lokho kubizwa ngokuthi ukuthomba.Ngaleso sikhathi intombazane  yayingena emgonqweni,ihlala endlini izinsuku ezingangeviki,igcobe ibomvu futhi igunde izinwele zonke ekhanda lokhu kukhombisa uphawu lwesiqalo esisha entombini. Ngalesi sikhathi intombazane yayingavumelekile ukuthi igcogcome futhi ibange umsindo endlini ukuze igweme izinhlekelele ezazingenzeka.

Ogogo babedlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuliseni intombazane bangene kuleyondlu ukuze banike intombi iziyalo mayelana nokuziphatha kwentombi kulesi sigaba, phela indlela ibuzwa kwabaphambili.  Sibala izifundo ezazigxila ekutheni njengomuntu wesifazane kumele ube nesibindi kanye nokwazisa omunye umuntu futhi oyaziyo indima yakhe emphakathini.Izintombi zezinye izigodi zaziyafika zizobungaza usuku lwentombi.Lokhu kuveza ukuhlonipha usiko kanti futhi abantu besilisa abavumelekile ukungena kuleyondlu.Intombi uma isiqedile izinsuku zayo,kuhlatshwa imbuzi ukuze kubikelwe izidalwa ngomtwana wazo oseqala isigaba esisha.Ngakusasa izintombi zivuka ekuseni ziyogeza ibomvu emfuleni, lokhu kwakuhambisa nomthandazo nokubonga izidalwa kanye nokucela impilo enhle.Emva kwalokho zazibuya bese kubungazwa ukukhula kwentombazane,kuba idili likamkhipheni emagcekeni.

Amasiko ayesiza ekwakheni ubudlelwano nokubumbana emndenini kanye nasemphakathini.Kanti awagcini ngokufundisa ngomzimba kuphela kepha abuye afundise ngokomoya nangokwengqondo, okuhlanganisa ukuhlonipha asebelele,ukuzithiba kanye nokubambisana.Nakuba isikhathi sanamuhla singasafani nesakudala kepha kubalulekile njengentsha ukuthi sihloniphe amasiko ethu kanti ukubuyela emasisweni kusisiza ekutheni sikhumbule imvelaphi yethu siphinde sidlulise amasiko kwizizukulwane nezizukulwane.

## Imithombo:
Esikweni

Amasiko ahlukene awavalelisa kanjani abathandiweyo babo.

**Esikwen**i lamaZulu, ukuvalelisa othandekayo oshonile kuwumsebenzi womphakathi wonke, ogcwele inkolo namasiko, ngoba ukufa akubhekwa njengokuphela kodwa njengokudlulela ekubeni idlozi noma ithongo. Inqubo yokumvalelisa, ebizwa ngokuthi ukugoduka, ihlanganisa amasiko amaningi okuhlonipha oshonile nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ujoyina amadlozi ngokuphepha. Kusetshenziswa amazwi afana nokuthi “Hamba kahle” okusho ukuthi ahambe ngokuphepha, “Sala kahle” noma “Salani kahle” okusho ukuthi kusale kahle abaphilayo, kanye nokuthi “Robala ngokuthula.” Amalungu omndeni avame ukukhuluma ngqo nomufi ngesikhathi sekesi noma ethuneni, emvalelisa futhi emcela avikele umndeni. Kwenziwa ikesi ebusuku lapho kuculwa khona, kushunyayelwa futhi kukhulunywa izinkulumo zokumvalelisa. Kuvamise futhi ukuhlabelwa imbuzi noma inkomo ukuze ihambisane nomufi njengomnikelo emadlozini. Ethuneni, abantu baphosa igabade lomhlabathi njengophawu lokuvalelisa kokugcina. Ngokwesiko, umufi ubekwa ethuneni ngendlela yokulala efana nengane esesiswini, okukhombisa ukuqala okusha, kanti kwezinye izikhathi kungcwatshwa esibayeni sezinkomo njengendawo ehloniphekile. Amagatsha omphafa asetshenziswa ukubuyisa umoya womufi ekhaya, bese kuthi emva kokungcwatshwa kwenziwe imicikilisho yokuzihlambulula ukususa ukungcola kokufa.

Imikhuba yokungcwaba yama China isekelwe ekuhlonipheni abazali nasekukholelweni ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana okuqhubekayo phakathi kwabaphilayo nabashonile. Le mikhuba ihlose ukuqinisekisa ukuthi oshonile udlulela ngokuthula empilweni yangemuva kokufa, kuboniswa inhlonipho ngokugqoka izingubo ezimhlophe kugwenywa obomvu, ukushiswa kwemali yamaphepha nezinto zokusetshenziswa, kanye nokuholwa komkhankaso womngcwabo yindodana endala. Ngemva komngcwabo, iminikelo iqhubeka izinsuku ezingama-49 noma ezingama-77. 

Ezweni lase-Mexico kunomkhosi obizwa ngokuthi i-Día de los Muertos, okusho “Usuku Lwabafileyo.” Lapha imindeni yakha amatafula anezithombe zomufi, amakhandlela, nezinto ayethanda. Lo mkhosi awugcini ngokulila kuphela kodwa ugxila ekugubheni impilo yomuntu oshonile. Kwamanye amazwe ase-Asia njengase-Japan, imindeni ivame ukwenza imicimbi yokukhumbula umufi minyaka yonke. Bashisa amakhandlela noma impepho, bathandaze, futhi bagcine izithombe zomufi ekhaya njengophawu lokuhlonipha nokukhumbula.

## ISITHENJWA
Ingxoxo

IMPILO

'''Impilo''' isipho esivela kumdali, iphinde ibe uhambo. kulolu hambo kunezinto ezinhle nezimbi umuntu abhekana nazo, kodwa okubalulekile ukunqoba. ezikhathini zokujabula kumele sikhumbule ukubonga kumdali. Bese kuthi ezikhathini zobunzima siphinde sicele amandla okunqoba kumnikazi wempilo. 

Kubalulekile ukuthi kukho konke esidlula kukho, okuhle nokubi sikhumbule njalo ukuthi impilo uhambo. ezikhathini ezinzima kumele sikhumbule ukuthi kubalulekile ukuthi siqine, sazi ukuthi asikho isimo esingadluli.

Esikhathini samanje inkinga enkulu ebhekene nezwe laseNingizimu Afrika, ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi. lokhu kuholela ekutheni abantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi intsha bazithole bengaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu.
thumb|239x239px|Impilo

## Izinkomba

[hlela]

: 

* Impilo
* Uhambo
Izingane

**Izidingo zengane**

**Izingane** ziyinhliziyo yomphakathi. Indlela esizinakekela ngayo namuhla inquma ikusasa lomhlaba wethu. Ukuqonda izidingo zengane kubalulekile kubazali, abanakekeli, othisha, nomphakathi. Lezi zidingo azigcini ngokudla nendawo yokuhlala kuphela—zihlanganisa ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo, ukuphepha, imfundo, namathuba okukhula. Uma lezi zidingo zihlangatshezwa, izingane zikhula zibe ngabantu abazethembayo, abaphethe kahle, nabaphilile.

### Izidingo Zomzimba
Izidingo eziyisisekelo zengane zihlanganisa ukudla okunempilo, amanzi ahlanzekile, izingubo ezifanele, indawo yokuhlala, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, nokulala okwanele. Ngokwe-World Health Organization, ukudla okunomsoco nokunakekelwa kwezempilo kubalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni ubuchopho. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, izingane zingagula noma zibe nezinkinga zokukhula.

Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo njalo, imigomo, nokuzivocavoca kubalulekile ukuze ingane ikhule kahle.

### Izidingo Zomzwelo
Izingane zidinga uthando, ukunakekelwa, nokuzizwa ziyingxenye yomndeni. Ukuphepha ngokomzwelo kuzenza zizizwe zibalulekile futhi ziqondwa. Uma abazali belalela izingane zabo futhi bezikhuthaza, zakha ukuzethemba okuqinile.

Ukunganakwa ngokomzwelo kungaholela ekukhathazekeni nasekuntuleni ukuzethemba.

### Izidingo Zomphakathi
Izingane zidinga ukuxhumana nabanye ukuze zifunde ukwabelana, ukuxazulula izingxabano, nokuhlonipha abanye. Ngokudlala nemisebenzi yeqembu, zifunda amakhono okuxhumana.

Izindawo eziphephile nezamukelayo zisiza izingane zakhe ubungani obuhle.

### Izidingo Zemfundo
Imfundo ivula amathuba esikhathi esizayo. Ifundisa izingane ukucabanga, ukusungula, nokuxazulula izinkinga. Othisha nabazali kufanele bakhuthaze uthando lokufunda futhi banikeze izinsiza ezifanele.

### Ukuphepha Nokuvikelwa
Ingane ngayinye inelungelo lokuphila ngaphandle kodlame nokuhlukunyezwa. Amakhaya, izikole, nemiphakathi kufanele kube izindawo eziphephile. Uma izingane zizizwa ziphephile, zikhula zinethemba futhi zikwazi ukufunda kahle.[4]

### Isiphetho
Ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zengane kudinga ukubambisana komndeni, izikole, uhulumeni, nomphakathi. Uma sinakekela izingane namuhla, sakha umphakathi oqinile futhi onomusa kusasa.

## Izinomba
Ukucindezeleka Ngokomqondo

Ukucindezeleka ngokomqondo.

**Ukucindezeleka** ngokwengqondo  yisimo esinzima esithinta indlela umuntu acabanga ngayo,azizwa ngayo

kanye nendlela aziphatha ngayo. Abantu abaningi bayaye badide ukucindezeleka nokudangala okuvamile,kodwa lezi zinto

azifani neze. Ukudangala kuvamile empilweni futhi kuvamise ukudlula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukucindezeleka ngokwengqondo khona kungaphazamisa kakhulu impilo yomuntu yansuku zonke.

Lesi sifo singathinta noma ubani ,kungakhathaliseki ubudala,ubulili noma isimo sempilo.

ocindezelekile ngokwengqondo azizwe engenathemba, engenamsebenzi,noma engasakwazi ukujabulela into

ayekade eyijabulela.(3) Ngokuvamile uzizwa ekhathele engena mandla, futhi enobunzima bokugxila noma ukwenza izinqumo.

Izimbangela zuhlanganisa izincindezi zempilo,ukuguquka kwamakemikhali ebuchosheni, umlando womndeni noma izimo ezithile zokuphila.(4)

ukucindezeleka kuyalapheka,ukwelashwa kungabandakanya ukwelashwa ngengxoxo (psychotheraphy), imithi kadokotela, kanye nokwesekwa ngumndeni nabangane. Ukufuna usizo kuseneskhathi kubalulekile ukuze kugwenye imiphumela emibi

Izithenjwa (References)

# World Health Organisation (Who)
# American Psychiatric Association
# National institute of Mental Health
# Suicidal help 0113457644

## IZITHENJWA
Ingcindezi

## INGCINDEZI
**Ingcindezi** isifo esiqhubekayo,Okungaba ukucindezeleka ngokwenqondo noma ngoku moya. Ingcindezi ihlukahlukene kepha kulolucwaningo sizobuka igcindezi ebizwa ngokuthi yi- Persistent depressive disorder dysthymia. Abantu abanalesisifo abantu abahlala bedangele, Ukudangala kwabo kudalwa izizathu ezahlukahlukene. Loku dangala kungafika kuphinde kudlule okwesikhashana.

Umuntu onengcindezi kunezimpawu ezibonakalayo kuye ezingahlala izinyanga noma iminyaka. Mhlampe uyazibuza ukuthi ikhona yini indlela yokulapha lesisifo?Yebo, ikhona indlela yokulapha ingcindezi okungaba ukukhuluma nomuntu noma i- Psyhchotheraphy. Ziningi izimpawu obona ngazo umu usuhlaselwe ilesisifo. Ngenzansi sizokuchazela kafushane ngezimpawu ezivamisile:

# Izinguquko kundlela ozizwa ngayo

Ukuzizwa ungenakuzisiza noma unganathemba ezimweni ezahlukahlukene nezi phindaphindiwe. Ukuzizwa undikindiki noma unganandaba nalutho. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uzizwe ngalendlela engenhla uqale uzizwe udangele okuwukuguquka kwendlela ozizwa ngayo uma singakaku nyonyobeli lesisifo okanye incindezi.

2. Isisindo Kanye nezinguquko kundlela odla ngayo.

Ukuguquguquka kwesisindo, Okungaba okuncipha ngokushesha noma ukukhuluphala ngokushesha kungakhomba ukuthikaziseka emqondweni noma emoyeni. Indlela odla ngayo, okungaba ukudla kakhulu ngenhloso yokukhohlwa ngokwenzekayo okanye ukudla  kancane ngesizathu sokungakhoni ukudla uma uphatheke kabi noma udangele

3. Ukuzizwa uqhelelana nabantu osondelene nabo noma ukuzizwa wedwa

ukuzizwa ngathi akekho umuntu ongakhalela kuye kepha bekhona kepha ngesizathu sokuphazamiseka emoyeni uzizwa ngathi utyaziqhelisa kulabo abafisa ukukusiza.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu zalesisifo kumele ukhulume nodokotela ukuze usizakale, Ungacela isikhathi sokuhlangana naye e- Apollo Hospital ngokushayela ku-1860 500 1066.

## IZINKOMBA
Ikhabe

I gama lami ngingu Matsheni.

Ikhabe
 

**Ikhabe** liyisithelo esidliwayo esithandwa kakhulu emazweni amaningi emhlabeni,ikakhulukazi e-Africa nasezindaweni ezishisayo.[ Draft page 1 ]Liyingxenye yomndeni wezihlahla ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-cucurbitaceae,okuhlanganisa amakhabe ,amakhukhamba namathanga.Ikhabe linekhasi eliluhlaza ngaphandle kanti ngaphakathi livame ukuba nombala obomvu noma uphuzi,linezinhlamvu ezimnyama noma ezinsundu.

**Umsuka Nezindawo Ezikhula kuzo**

Ikhabe kuthiwa laqala ukukhuliswa ezwenikazi lase-Afrika,bese lisakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba. Namuhla selitshalwa kakhulu emazweni afana no-South Africa,China,Turkey kanye ne-United States.Likhula kahle ezindaweni ezishisayo ezinelanga elanele namanzi anele.[3]

Ngakho-ke, ikhabe liyisithelo esibalulekile ngenxa yokunambitheka kwalo okumnandi, izinzuzo zempilo kanye nendima yalo emnothweni.Ukulinywa nokudliwa kwekhabe kuqhubeka nokukhula emhlabeni wonke.[4]

## Izinkomba
Ukubaluleka kwabantu besifazane

## Ukubaluleka kwabantu besifazane
**Inhlava** iyabekelwa,sebevundlisile ezibelethweni zabo abantu besifazane baphinde basihlahlamelisa kuyoyonke imimoya emibi.Kufanele sibabonge sibaphe inhlonipho, uthando kanye namathuba alinganayo.Abantu besifazane babalulekile kakhulu emphakathini wethu nasemhlabeni womke.Baneqhaza elikhulu ekwakheni imindeni,ekuthuthukiseni umnotho, nasekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izizukulwane ezizayo zikhule kahle. Ukubaluleka kwabantu besifazane akugcini nje ekhaya kuphela,kodwa kubonakala nasezikhungweni zemfundo,kwezombusazo,kwezempilo kanye nakwezamabhizinisi njalo njalo.

1.Indima yabesifazane emndenini

Emdenini owesifazane uvume ukuba ngumama,umeluleki,nothisha wokuqala wengane.Ufundisa izingane ukuhlonipha ,ukusebenza kanzima nokuba nobuntu.umama udlala indima enkulu ekukhuliseni ingane ezizoba ngabaholi bakusasa.Ngaphandle komsebenzi wabo omkhulu imindeni eminingi ibingeke ime iqine.

2.Abesifazane kwezemfundo

Abesifazane abaningi namuhla bayafunda futhi bathole iziqu eziphakeme.Ezweni laseNingizimu Afrika, ezinhlangano ezifane ne-Department of women, Youth and Person with Disabilities zikhuthaza amathuba alinganayo emfundo nentuthuko,uma abesifazane bathola lemfundo bayakwazi ukuzimele , ukusiza emndenini yabo nokuthuthukisa umphakathi.

3. Abasesifazane kwezombusazwe

 Abesifazane baphinde babambe iqhaza elikhulu kwezombusazwe isibonelo , u-Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka uke waba yiphini likamongameli waseNingizimu Afrika futhi waphatha inhlangano i-UN Women. Lokho kukhombisa ukuthi abasifazane bayakwazi ukuhola nokwenza izinqumo ezibalulekile ezithinta izwe nomhlaba.

Ukubaluleka kwabantu besifazane akunakuphikwa, ukubaluleka kwabo angeke sakubonga nangemilomo eyizigidi.Bangumgogodla womphakathi,abakhi bomndeni,nabaholi bakusasa.

## IZINKOMBA
Umthetho wenkundla yezokuxhumana

**Umthetho** wenkundla yezokuxhumana empilweni yengqondo

Ubundlelwano  phakathi kwenkundla yezokuxhumana kanye nempilo yengqondo yinkimbinkimbi futhi inezici eziningi, ucwaningo luqhubeka lubonisa ukuthi umthelela wawo awuwona nje omuhle noma omubi. Imiphumela ivamise ukuncika ezintweni ezingazodwana, amaphethini okusetshenziswa, kanye nezinkundla ezithile ezithintekayo. 

Ngasohlangothini oluhle, inkundla yezokuxhumana ikhuthaza ukuxhumana komhlaba wonke kanye nokwakhiwa komphakathi, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bathole abanye abanokuhlangenwe nakho okwabiwe nezintshisakalo kubantu abanokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, inganikeza indlela enethezeke kakhudlwana yokuzijabulisa nokunciphisa imizwa yokuzihlukanisa iphinde yenze kube lula ukusatshalaliswa kolwazi ngokushesha, ikwenze kube insiza ebalulekile yokufunda ngempilo yengqondo, ukufinyelela izinsiza, kanye nokuqwashisa; abantu abadala abaningi babika ukuthi babona okuhlangenwe nakho kwezempilo yengqondo okwabiwe ku-inthanethi. Ukwengeza, inkundla yezokuxhumana ihlinzeka ngamathuba okuziveza, ubuciko, kanye nogqozi, okungakhuthaza ukuzethemba nokuhlola ubuwena. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ucwaningo olulodwa lweziguli ezinesifo sokuphazamiseka kwemizwa ngokweqile (bipolar disorder) luthole ukuthi abasebenzi babike ikhwalithi yokuphila ephezulu kunalabo abangasebenzi. Ngokuphambene, imithelela engemihle ibalulekile.

Inkundla yezokuxhumana ingakhuphula imizwa yesizungu nokuzihlukanisa nomphakathi, ikakhulukazi uma ukusebenzelana ku-inthathethi kungena esikhundleni noma kwehlisa ikhwalithi yobudlelwano bangaphakathi komuntu. Kubeka encupheni ukuveza abasenzisi kokuqukethwe okuyingozi, okuhlanganisa izithombe eziyingcaca, ulwazi olungaqondile, nezinto ezingase zikhuthaze ukulimaza noma amazinga.

## Izinkomba
Izitho zomzimba

umuntu
link=File:Model_Rosie_on_a_bed_-_In_Black_and_White_(14192377223).jpg|thumb|272x272px|Umuntu
**Umuntu** uyisidalwa esiyinkimbinkimbi.Umuntu uyisikhonzi esiyinguniya esizinhlangothi zomzimba , zemizwelo ,nezokuhluzeka kwenqondo.Unemfanelo ehlekile, ubuntu kanye nesethi yohlanga lwempilo olwenza abe ilona.umuntu uyakwazi ukucabanga,ukufunda,ukuxhumana nokwakha ubudlelwano nabanye..Abantu banemizwa enjenge ntokozo,usizi,intukuthelo nothando okuthinta indlela abaziphatha ngayo nokuphendula kwabo emhlabeni obazungezile.
 
Ubukhona bakhe bomzimba buhlongeza izikhombiso ezincoma ubude,izwi,nezinkulumo,okwenza abe ngulona abantu abangamazi futhi ahlukile ukunabanye. Idlela yokuziphatha ikwenza ube ngumuntu ohlukile kwabanye futhi onesithunzi uphinde uhlonipheke.uma ungumuntu mele ufunde ukuphilisana nabanye abantu emhlabeni.
 
Abantu bahlangabezana nezinhlobonhlobo zabantu abahlukene. Umuntu unamalungelo nemithwalo yemfanelo emphakathini futhi izenzo zakhe zingathinta abanye ngendlela enhle noma embi lokho okungenza abanye abantu bengcina bahlukumezeka noma bephatheka kabi ngakho-ke umuntu akuwona nje umzimba wenyama kuphela kodwa uyisidalwa esiphelele esinenqondo nenhliziyo nemicabanga.

## Izinkomba

[hlela]

: 

* Abantu
* Umuntu
Ubuhle

**ubuhle** bunga chazwa  njengesici sezinto esizenza kube mnandi ukububona. 

Enye inkinga ekubeni muhle ukuthi bungfangcina bukufaka ezinkingeni noma ukwazana nabantu abangena sidingo . ubuhle kuthiwa "busemahlombe omlaleli". Kuye kwathiwa ikhono elingasohlangothini lwengxenye edingekayo lokubona nokwahlulela ubuhle, ngezinye izikhathi obubizwa ngokuthi "umqondo wokunambitha", lingaqeqeshwa nokuthi izinqumo zochwepheshe zihlangana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi izindinganiso zokusebenza kwezahlulelo

Imibono yobuhle ihlose ukubamba lokho okubalulekile kuzo zonke izinto ezinhle. Imibono ye-classic ichaza ubuhle ngokuya ngobudlelwano phakathi kwento enhle iyonke nezingxenye zayo: izingxenye kufanele zimise ngokulinganisela okufanele komunye nomunye futhi ngaleyoibona ukuxhumana okudingekayo phakathi kwenjabulo nobuhle, ngokwesibonelo ukuthi into ibe yinhle ukuthi ibangele injabulo engenaso isifiso. Eminye imibono ihlanganisa ukuchaza izinto ezinhle ngokubaluleka kwazo.

## Izikhombo
Umama

**umama** ungumzali wesifazane wengane. owesifazane angase abhekwe njengomama ngenxa yokubeletha, ngokukhulisa ingane engase ibe noma ingabi yakhe ngokwemvelo, noma ngokunikeza iqanda lakhe Ukuvundiswa esimweni sokubeletha.

Unina wengane uqobo unengxenye yowesifazane yezakhi zofuzo ekudalweni kwengane, ngokuhlanganyela Ubulili. Unina wengane angase abe nezibopho ezingokomthetho enganeni engakhulisiwe nguye njengesibopho sokusekela ngemali. Umama wokutholwa wesifazane oye waba ngumzali wengane ngenqubo engokomthetho yokutholwa. Umama oqanjiwe wesifazane obuhlobo bakhe obungokwemvelo nengane okuthiwa buyasungulwa kodwa obungakasungulwa. Umama wokutholwa ungumzali wesifazane ongeyena ongokwemvelo oshade nomzali wengane owayekhona, futhi angakha iqembu lomndeni kodwa ngokuvamile akanalo amalungelo nemithwalo yemfanelo yomzali maqondana nengane.

.
Imbuzi

Imbuzi yasekhaya  (i capra hircus ) uhlobo lwezimbuzi-antelope ezivame ukugcinwa njengemfuyo. Imbuzi iyilungu lomndeni we-Bovidae, okusho ukuthi ihlobene kakhulu ne zimvu. Yayingenye yezilwane zokuqala ezafuywa, e-Iran eminyakeni engaba ngu-10,000 edlule.

Izimbuzi bezisetshenziselwa ubisi, inyama, uvolo, kanye izikhumba emhlabeni wonke. Ubisi lwezimbuzi luvame ukuguqulwa lube ushizi. Ngo-2022, kwakunezimbuzi ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane, ezihlala emhlabeni..

.

Amaduna ahlanganisiwe abizwa ngokuthi isimo sezulu. Nakuba amagama athi hircine nelithi caprine womabili ebhekisela kunoma yini enesimo esifana nesembuzi, *I-hircine* isetshenziswa kakhulu ukugcizelela iphunga elihlukile lez*Imbuzi* zasekhaya.

amagama ezingane zezimbuzi ezincane zibizwa ngama amazinyane, igama elisuselwa kwe-Old Norse kið, elinencazelo efanayo. Kuye kwaba igama lesisho lezingane zabantu kusukela ngawo-1590s, futhi kwasungulwa njengegama elingekho emthethweni kusukela ngawo-1840s.

## Izikhombo
Imfundo yokuqamba

Imfundo yobuciko yilapho abafundi bekwazi ukusebenzisa ukucabanga nokucabangisisa okubucayi ukudala izinhlobo ezintsha nezinengqondo zemibono lapho bengase bazibeke engozini, bazizimele futhi bavumelane nezimo. Esikhundleni sokufundiswa ukuphinda lokho akufundile, abafundi bafunda ukuthuthukisa ikhono labo lokuthola amakhambi ahlukahlukene enkingeni. Ukuvela ngezixazululo ezahlukahlukene ezingaphandle kwebhokisi kwaziwa njengokucabanga okuhlukile futhi ayikho indlela yokuhlakulela leli khono - ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yobusha bomqondo kanye nolwazi lwesayensi olulinganiselwe ngokuqamba.

## Umbono Obanzi

### Ukubaluleka

Inani elikhulayo lamakolishi namayunivesithi liqaphela izidingo zabafundi abanekhono kuzo zonke izingxenye zemfundo. Ngakho-ke, bavula izikhungo, amazinga emfundo ephakeme yase-Stanford University, i-lab yase-I-Harvard University, izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme. Lezo zikhungo zifundisa abafundi ukuxazulula inkinga zokucabanga kanye nokucabangisisa kokwakha. ubuhakani  iyinhlanganisela yamakhono afundekayo futhi amanyuvesi amaningi adinga abafundi ukuba bathathe amakilasi okudala njengengxenye yocwaningo lwabo lwe-undergraduate.

### Izinzuzo Zokufundisa Okuhlakaniphile
Ucwaningo luthole izinzuzo ezilandelayo kubafundi abasebenzisa ubuciko ezifundweni zabo:

* Yenza ukufunda kujabulise abafundi lapho bengafunda khona ngokusheshuthi bangandisa ukusebenza kwabo 
* Ukungazithandi kwabafundi isayensi, izibalo, nezifundo zezenhlalo kungancishiswa 
* Ukuthuthuka ekuphumeleleni kwabafundi 

### Izithiyo Zokufundisa Ngokuhlakanipha
Ukubaluleka komlando

Ukubaluleka Komlando

**Umlando** uyisifundo esibalulekile futhi esiyigugu ezimpilweni zabantu.Igamaelithi umlando lisho izigameko ezenzeka enkathini edlule,okungaba usikompilo noma indlela abantu ababephila ngayo emandulo,izimpi abazilwayo kanye nezinguquko ezenzeka emiphakathini ngokwahlukana kwayo.Ukufunda mayelana nomlando kusilekelela ekuqondeni ukuthi singobani sazi kabanzi ngemvelaphi yethu nokuthi ukushintsha kwezimo kuyishintshe ngani impilo ephilwa manje uma iqhathaniswa neyasemandulo.

Izwe lase Ningizimu Africa like labhekana nezikhathi ezilukhuni ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sobandlululo.Ukwazi kabanzi ngobandlululo kusisiza ekutheni sihloniphe imizabalazo yabaholi.Umlando usifundisa ukubaluleka kokubekezela,ubunye kanye nokuxolelana.Umlando ukhuthaza ubumbano nokuhloniphana phakathi kwezinhlanga ezahlukene.INingizimu Afrika yaziwa ngokuba isizwe sombala wezingane phecelezi i "rainbow nation".Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi noma sihlukene ngezizwe,izilimu kanye namasiko kodwa ngenxa yokwazi nokuhlonipha umlando womunye siba munye.Umlando unendima ebalulekile kwezemfundo.Izikhungo ezifana ne-University of south Africa zifundisa umlando ukuze abafundi bathole ulwazi olujulile ngezikhathi ezedlule.Lokhu kusiza ekwakheni abantu abanolwazi,abakwazi ukuhlaziya nokuthatha izinqumo eziphusile.

Umlando awukhulumi ngezinto ezenzeka kudala kuphela,kodwa uyisibani esikhanyisa ikusasa lethu njengabantu.Kubalulelile ukuthi wonke umuntu ikakhulukazi intsha izinikele ekufundeni nasekuqondeni umlando wesizwe sayo.Umlando ungumthombo obalulekile wokwazi izenzakalo,izinkolelo,nezindlela zokuphila zabantu njengokugcina amasiko namagugu,ukugcina ubuwena,ukuxazulula izinkinga zamanje kanye nokuqonda izilimu nezindawo.

## Imithombo Yolwazi


: 

* Amasiko akwaZulu
* Ukuhlaziya
* Ukufundisa nokuyala
Ubhejane (umlingiswa)

URhino (**U-Aleksei Sytsevich**; I-Russian: Алексей Сицевич) ungumuntu oqanjiwe ovela ezincwadini zamahlaya zaseMelika ezishicilelwe yiMarvel Comics. Wakhandwa ngumbhali uStan Lee kanye nomdwebi UJohn Romita Sr., futhi wavela okokuqala ku-The Amazing Spider-Man #41 (Oct. 1966). Umlingiswa uyisigebengu saseRussia esaba nenqubo yokuhlola eyamnika isikhumba sokwenziwa namandla angaphezu kwawomuntu. Ukuvukela ososayensi ababangela ukuguquka kwakhe, uRhino wasebenzisa amandla akhe amasha ukuze abe yisigebengu esiphumelelayo, futhi ngokushesha wangqubuzana namaqhawe amakhulu afana ne-Spider-Man ne-Hulk. Umlingiswa uvame ukuvezwa njengesidlova esingenangqondo, esinekhono lokubhubhisa okukhulu, kodwa ekugcineni esikhohliseka kalula.

Omunye wezitha ezivelele kakhulu ze-Spider-Man, i-Rhino iye yasetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zemithombo yezindaba kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo ngesikhathi se-Silver Age of Comic Books, kufaka phakathi uchungechunge lwethelevishini olusheshayo nemidlalo ye-video. Uphinde avele ezintweni ze-Marvel ezifana nama-action figures amakhadi okuhweba.

Emdlalweni obonakalayo, uPaul Guamatti wadlala inguqulo ka-Aleksei Sytsevich osebenzisa isembatho sempi esiphathelene nobhejane, esifana nomuntu we-Ultimate Marvel, kwi-movie ka-2014 ethi The Amazing Spider-Man 2. Enye inguquko yavela kwifilimu ye-Sony ye-Spider-Man Universe ka-2024 i-Kraven the Hunter edlalwa ngu-Alessandro Nivola.

## Imthombo yolwazi

# Rhino. (2021). Iqondiswe ngu Oleg Sentsov.

2. Wikipedia. (2024). Rhino (ifilimu)

3. IMDb. (2024). Rhino (2021)- Ulwazi lwefilimu nabalingisi.

4. Rotten Tomatoes. (2024). Rhino- izibuyekezo nemininingwane.
UMhleke

**Umhleke** uyisithelo, ngokwezitshalo liyijikijo, semivini enamahlamvu aqothulayo yohlobo lwezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Umhleke uhlobo lwezithelo olungenaso isimo sezulu esikhethekile, ngokuvamile atholakala ngezixheke.
Imfundo yomsebenzi

**Imfundo yomsebenzi** iyimfundo elungiselela abantu umsebenzi wamkhono . Imfundo yomsebenzi ingabonakala njengohlobo lwemfundo olunikezwa umuntu ukuze lulungiselele lowo muntu ukuthi asebenze kahle noma azisebenzele ngokwakhe ngamakhono adingekayo.  Imfundo yomsebenzi yaziwa ngamagama ahlukahlukene, kuye ngezwe elithintekayo, okuhlanganisa **imfundo yomsebenzi kanye nesinwe**,  noma izifinyezo ezifana nesithi **-TVET** (uQeqesho nemfundo Yomsebenzi nobuchule; elisetshenziswa yi-UNESCO) kanye ne -TAFE (imfundo yobuchule eqhubekayo). I-TVE ibhekisela kuzo zonke izinhlobo namazinga emfundo ahlinzeka ngolwazi namakhono ahlobene nemisebenzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yezomnotho kanye neyezenhlalo ngezindlela zokufunda ezisemthethweni, ezingezona ezisemthethweni nezingekho emthethweni kokubili ezimweni zokufunda ezisekelwe esikoleni kanye nasemsebenzini.    Ukuze kufezwe izinhloso nezinjongo zayo, imfundo yobuchule neqhubekayo igxila ekufundeni nasehuqazeni ubunyoninco obukhethekile kanye nezimiso zenzululwazi ezisekelwe kulobo bunyoninco, kanye nolwazi olujwayelekile, amakhono kanye nemithetho.