open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ikhasi Elikhulu

__NOTOC____NOEDITSECTION__
**[[:meta:Help:Editing|Usizo Ngokubhala]]**

Wamukelekile ukuba ufundele ukuhlela imibhalo kwi.
## IWikipedia ngezinye izilimi
; Amanye ama-Wikipedia amancane ngeziLimi zaseAfrika 
IsiBhunu&nbsp;·
Akan&nbsp;·
አማርኛ&nbsp;·
Bamanankan&nbsp;·
Chi-Chewa&nbsp;·
chiShona&nbsp;·
chiTumbuka&nbsp;·
Ɛʋɛ&nbsp;·
Fulfude&nbsp;·
Gĩkũyũ&nbsp;·
هَوُسَ&nbsp;·
Ìgbo&nbsp;·
isiXhosa&nbsp;·
Kinyarwanda&nbsp;·
Kirundi&nbsp;·
Kiswahili&nbsp;·
Kongo&nbsp;·
Lingala&nbsp;·
Luganda&nbsp;·
Malagasy&nbsp;·
مصرى&nbsp;·
Oromoo&nbsp;·
Sängö&nbsp;·
IsiSuthu&nbsp;·
Setswana&nbsp;·
SiSwati&nbsp;·
Isindebele&nbsp;·
Soomaaliga&nbsp;·
Taqbaylit&nbsp;·
ትግርኛ&nbsp;·
IsiVenda&nbsp;·
Twi&nbsp;·
Wolof&nbsp;·
Xitsonga&nbsp;·
Yorùbá&nbsp;·
(Uma udinga Ama-Wikipedia amakhulu, bheka ku-bar esesayidini)





; Imiklamo efanayo
: Meta-Wikipedia&nbsp;· Wiktionary&nbsp;· Wikibooks&nbsp;· Wikiquote&nbsp;· Wikisource
Ukhamba

**Ukhamba** Ukhamba lungachazwa njengesitsha esakhiwe saba indilinga esiyaye sisetshenziswe ukufaka utshwala besiZulu noma besintu. Ukhamba lwakhiwa ngohlobo lwenhlabathi ebizwa ngokuthi ubumba. Le nhlabathi noma loludaka luvamise ukutholakala ezindaweni eziyimifula namaxhaphozi. Uma kwakhiwa ukhamba, kuthathwa loludaka lufakwe emanzini ukuze luthambe bese luyabunjwa lube indilinga, lushiswe ngomlilo ukuze luqine kahle lungahlephuki. Ukushisa ukhamba ngomlilo uma selubunjiwe kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba yikho okwenza ukuthi ukhamba luhlale isikhathi eside.  

Ukhamba luhlukene ngokwezinhlobo zalo, kukhona ukhamba olukhulu olubizwa ngokuthi yimbiza olusetshenziswa ukugcina utshwa obuningi obufakwa uma abesifazane bekade behluza. Kuphinde kubekhona ukhamba oluncane olubizwa ngomancishana. Lolu uhlobo lokhamba oluvamise ukuthi lufake utshwala obuvame ukubekwa emsamo obusetshenziswa ukubika okuthile kwabaphansi noma emadlozini. Kuphinde kube khona ukhamba olukhulu olusetshenziswa ukufaka utshwala obuyaye bunikwe labo abasuke bezobungaza emcimbini noma nomndeni osuke wenze umcimbi.  

## Umlando nokusetshenziswa
Ukhamba njengesitsha esibalulekile emlandweni wakwaZulu, sisuselwa ekutheni kudala abantu ababephila ngaleso sikhathi babesebenzisa ubumba noma udaka ukwakha izitsha zabo njengoba kwakuphilwa ngalokhu okukhona. Njengoba utshwala buyingxenye ebalululekile yomlando wakwaZulu, babusetshenziswa kakhulu emicimbini nasemindenini, ngakho ke ukwakhiwa kokhamba kwakubalulekile ukuze luzokwazi ukusetshenziswa ukufaka noma ukugcina utshwala.3 Lungagcini ngokufaka utshwala, ukhamba lwalusetshenziswa ukufaka amasi.  

Ukusebenza ngobumba kuyigxenye yomlando wesintu sakwaZulu njengoba leli kwakuyikhona elikhulu kulabo ababephila ngaleso sikhathi. Uma lwakhiwa luyahlotshiswa ngokuthi umbubi aqophe izinhlobonhlobo zamaphethi ezenza ukuthi lubukeke luluhle. Ukhamba lwaluyigugu futhi luseyigugu ngoba lwalungaqukulwa yinoma ngubani, kwakuba yinsizwa esuthi nenamandla eyayivame ukuluqukulu uma sekwabiwa utshwala buphakelwa izinsizwa nabanumzane abazobungaza emcimbini noma abazosingatha loyomndeni.

## Imithombo yolwazi
Uphiko Lwezilimi Kuzwelonke

**Uphiko lweziLimi kuZweIonke** (NLS) lugqugquzela futhi lwenza lula ukuxoxisana ngezilimi ezahlukene. Ekuzameni ukuhambisana nokushiwo uMthethosisekelo i-NLS ilawula ukwehlukahluka kwezilimi emphakathini wethu futhi kuwumthwalo wayo ukwakha ubudlelwano kuzo zonke izilimi zabantu bakuleli ngokusebenzisa lokho okushiwo yinqubomgomo ngenhloso yokuthi kugqugquzelwe ukusentshenziswa kwalezi zilimi, kanye nazo zonke izilimi ebezinganakiwe emlandweni wakuleli. Kwalezi silimi ngenhloso ezahlukene ilawula kwezilimi nemikhankaso izidingongqangi AmaZulu ongumongo wakuleli.

Umsebenzi ongumongo we-NLS ukugcina izidingongqangi zoMthethosisekelo, ngokugqugquzela, ukukhuthaza nokuhlinzeka izinsizakalo zokuhumusha nokuhlela kuzo zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni kanye nokulawula ukuwehlukahluka kwezilimi ngokuhlela izilimi nemikhankaso yobuchwepheshe bamagama (terminology).

I-NLS isebenza njengeziko lonongoti bezilimi abayisisekelo sikaHulumeni ngokuhumushela kuzo zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni imibhalo nemiqulu yakwaHulumeni. Bese kuthi uphiko lobuchwepheshe bamagama lona lwelekelela ngokusombulula, luthuthukise futhi luzifake izilimi kumgudu ohambisanayo nezikhathi okuphilwa, lokhu lukwenza kuzo zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni. Uphiko lokuhlela izilimi lona lumbandakanya ukwaluleka uhulumeni ngezokuthuthukisa inqubomgomo kwezolimi kanye nezindlela zokwenza lokho kusebenze.
IsiZulu

**Zulu** /ˈzuːluː/, noma **isiZulu** wulimi lwabantu base Ningizimu Afrika abayingxenye yamaNguni. Abantu abakhuluma isiZulu babizwa ngama Zulu.

Lalela ke; isiZulu wulimi lwamaZulu. Sikhulunywa abantu bokudabuka abayizigidi eziyishumi nanhlanu (15 million), abatholakala ikakhulukazi esifundazweni sakwaZulu-Natal(esifundazweni saseMbo), eNingizimu Afrika.

IsiZulu yilona lulimi lokudabuka olukhulunywa kunazozonke eNingizimu Afrika (24% yabantu). Ekanti nesigamu (50%) sabantu ezweni siyaluqonda lolulimi. Ngo 1994 isiZulu sabekwa njengolunye lwezilimu eziyishumi nanye (11) ezisemthethweni eNingizimu Afrika.

Ngokosolwazi, isiZulu silandela isiSwahili ngokukhulunywa kakhulu ezilimini zaBantu. Njengazo zonke izilimu zaBantu, isiZulu sibhalwa ngezinhlamvu zesiLatin.

Ngokwe Singisi sase Ningizimu Afrika, lolulimi lubizwa ngendlela yokudabuka kuthiwe "isiZulu".

## Izibonelo ezilimini zesiBantu
* IsiSwahili
* IsiLingala
* IsiZulu
* IsiShona
* IsiXhosa
* IsiKinyarwanda
* IsiLubalulua
* IsiUmbundu
* IsiChewa

## Ngokwezindawo

Abantu abafudukayo basithatha isiZulu baya naso emazweni angomakhelwane, ikakhulukazi eZimbabwe lapho khona isiNdebele saseNyakatho sisondelene kakhulu nesiZulu.

IsiXhosa, esingulimi olukhulunywa kakhulu eMpumalanga Koloni kuthiwa naso - njengolimi lwesiNdebele - sicishe sifane nesiZulu.

## Umlando

AmaZulu, njengamaXhosa kanye namanye amaNguni, sebahlala eNingizimu Afrika isikhathi eside. Ulimi lwesiZulu lunemisindo eminingi eno "qa" no "ca", njengezilimu eziningi zase Ningizimu Afrika, nokungatholakali kwamanye amazwe ase Afrika. Kuyatholakala ukuthi ama Nguni ake ahlala futhi nezinye izinhlanga zaseNingizimu, njengabaThwa njalo njalo ngesikhathi esadlula.

IsiZulu, njengazo zonke izilimu zokudabuka eNingizimu neAfrika sasingelona ulimi olubhalwayo, lwaze lwaqala ukubhalwa ukufika kwezimishini ziphuma phesheya. Lezimishini zasibhala isiZulu zisebenzisa izinhlamvu zesi Latin. Incwadi yokuqala yesiZulu yashicilelwa eNorway. Ngonyaka ka 1850, ishicilelwa wumumishini wase Norway uHans Schreuder. Ibhuku lokuqala lesiZulu kwaba yibhayibheli elihumushiwe, nelavela ngo 1883. Ngo 1901, uJohn Langalibalele Dube (1871–1946), owayengumZulu wase Natali wavula Ohlange Institute nokwaba yindawo yokuqala yokufunda yabantu bomdabu eNingizimu Afrika.

Uyena futhi uDube owabhala incwadi ebizwa ngokuthi Insila Kashaka, nokwaba yiNovel yokuqala yesiZulu (1930). Omunye wezingqalabutho zababhali besiZulu kwakungu Reginald Dhlomo, nowabhala ama Novel amaningi omlando ngamakhosi akwaZulu; uDingane (1936), uShaka (1937), uMpande (1938), uCetshwayo (1952) and uDinizulu (1968). Omunye wezingqalabutho zababhali bezincwadi zesiZulu kwakungu Benedict Wallet Vilakazi, kanye no Oswald Mbuyiseni Mtshali.

Ukubhalwa kolimi lwesiZulu kwakwenganyelwe yiZulu Language Board yakwaZulu-Natal. Lenhlangano yavalwa, yase ilandelwa yiPan South African Language Board, nokuyiyona okwamanje eyengamele zonke izilimu eziyishumi nanye zaseNingizimu Afrika.

## Bhekafuthi
* Ulimi lwesiNagri
IGoli (idolobha)

**iGoli** () yisidlavela esikhulu esisesifundazweni sase Gauteng, IGoli libuye libizwe ngokuthi **iKwandongaziyaduma, kwanyamakaypheli kphela amazinyo endoda**. Liyisizinda sohwebo esikhulu kunazo zonke kwelase Ningizimu Afrika (uMzansi noma uMsawawa). Igama elithi iGoli noma eGoli lisuselwe egameni lesilungu elithi "Gold" noma igolide ngesiZulu, lisho ukuthi KwaGolide. EGoli yilapho umnotho omningi waseNingizimu Afrika uzinze khona. 


File:Joburg top.jpg|iGoli
File:Hillbrow Tower.jpg|Hillbrow Tower


## Imithombo
True Jesus Church

i-**** isonto elasungulwa ePheyitshini, eShayina ngowe-1917. Namhlanje, linamalunga ayisi-1,500,000 emazweni angama-45. Isonto liyingxenye yePentecostal-Protestant kaKhrestu, ukuthi laqala iminyaka imikhulu kade. Isonto alivumi ngemkhankanyo wa-Trinity futhi lilandela umkhankanyo waseJesu. Laqala eNingizimu Afrika ngo 1997. Isonto aligubhi uKhisimusi nePhasika ngoba lawo maholide anemdabu lamhedeni. 
Izinkolo zeSonto eziyishumi ezinkulu ngu:
# **Umoyo ongcwele**: "uk'amukela Umoya ongcwele, ngesitshengiso sokukhuluma ngezindimi, yikho okuyisiqiniseko sokuthi siyizona indla'lifa zobukhosi basezulwini"
# **umbhabhathizo**: "umbhabhathizo wamanzi yiwona olisiko elizilayo lokuhlanzwa kwezono lokufakwa esimeni sobutsha enhliziyweni. Lo mbhabhathizo wenziwa emanzini asendaweni zokudalwa kwawo njengasemfuleni, elwandle lasemithonjeni. Umbhabhathizi oyabe kade wa'amukela umbhabhathizo wamanzi loMoya oyincwele wenza lombhabhathizo ngegama leNkosi yethu uJesu Kristhu. Njalo lo o'amukela umbhabhathizo kufanele agxanyuzwe emanzini okupheleleyo elalise ikhanda ubuso bukhangele phansi."
# **ukuhlambana izinyawo**: I-sacramente lokuhlanza izinyawo livumela omunye nomunye ukuthi abe nesandla kwiNkosi uJesu. Liphinde futhi libe isikhumbuzo esingapheli sokuthi umuntu kufanele abe nothando, nobungwele, noxolo kanye nokukhonza. Wonke umuntu othole umbhabhadiso wamanzi bekufanele ukuthi ahlanze izinyawo zakhe egameni likaJesu Khrestu. Ukuhlanzwa kwezinyawo ngokuvumelana kungenziwa ngesikhathi esifanelekile. 
# **iSidlo seNkosi**: Isidlo esiyingcwele siyisakhramente lesikhumbuzo sokufa kweNkosi uJesu Khristo. Ngaso siba mdibu munye nenyama negazi leNKosi yethu futhi ahlale kithi ukuze sibe nokuphila okuphakade nokuba senyuswe ngosuku lokugcina. Lelisakhramente kufanele ligcinwe ngaso sonke isikhathi.
# **iSabatha**: Usuku lweSabatha, usuku lwesikhombisa evikini(uMgqibelo), luwusuke olungcwele, olubusiswe lwangcweliswa uNkulunkulu. Luyagcinwa ngokwentando yeNkosi ukuze sigubhe umkhosi wokudala nosindiso lukaNkulunkulu futhi sihlalele ethembeni lophumulela wafuthi\waphakade empilweni ezayo. 
# **uJesu Khristu**: uJesu Khristu, uLizwi osephenduke inyama, wafa esiphambanweni ukuze izoni zithethelelwe, wavuka ngosuku lwesithathu wenyukela ezulwini. Nguye kuphela uMsindisi, uMdali wamazulu nomhlaba, futhi unguNkulunkulu weqiniso.
# **iBhayibheli**: iBhayibheli elingcwele, eliqukethe ithestamente elidala nelisha, ligqugquzelwe uMvelingqangi, yilo kuphela iqiniso elilotshiweyo, fuhi okuyindlela yokuphila yamaKhrestu.
# **insindiso**: Usindiso uluthola ngesihawu sikaNkulunkulu ngokholo. Usindiso silunikwa ngomusa kaNkulunkulu ngokukholwa. Amakholwa kufanele athembele emoyeni oyingcwele ukulandela ubungcwele, ukumhlonipha uNkulunkulu, kanye nokuthanda ubudalwa babo.
# iSonto
# **isigwebo ogcinayo**: iNkosi uJesu Khristo izobuya emhlabeni okwesibili ngokwehla ezulwini ngoSuku Lokugcina ukuzokwahlulela bonke abantu; alungile bayokuthola ukuphila okungunaphakade, kuthi abangalungile bayojeziswa ingunaphakade.
Ukubingelela

**Ukubingelela**
Ukubingelela ngesiZulu akufani no kweSingisi okuhambisana nosuku kodwa ngesiZulu sithi Sawubona uma umuntu eyedwa kodwa uma bebabili noma ngaphezulu sithi Sanibona nabo noma naye uzophendula ngokuthi Sawubona ngaphansi uzobona ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani

* Mina: Sawubona 
** Wena: Sawubona
* Mina: Unjani
** Wena: Ngiyaphila wena unjani 
* Mina: Nami ngiyaphila ngiyabonga  

* Sakubona!
* Yebo!
* Ehe!
* Khuleka
* Mnumzana!
* Nkosikazi!
* Nkosana!
* Nkosazana!
* Bayete!
* Sala Kahle!
* Si sa bonene!
UNkulunkulu

**UNkulunkulu** noma **uThixo** noma **uSomandla** noma **uSimakade** noma **uMvelinqangi**. Ngokwemfundiso ethi uThixomunye, uThixo ubonwa njengophakeme, uMdali, nalowo okufanelwe kukholelwe kuye. UThixo uchazwa njengonaMandlawonke, onoLwazilonke, oNdawozonke, onoBuhlebonke futhi nanjengo nobuphakade nokudingekile ukuba abekhona. Ngokuvamile uThixo uthathwa njengongenamzimba, nonezici eziyamaniswa nemibono yokungaQondakali noma ukuDlelana nabantu.

Ezinye izinkolo zichazisa uThixo ngaphandle kokuphatha ubulili, kuyilapho ezinye zisebenzisa amabizo acacisa ubulili noma akhetha ubulili obuthile. UThixo uthathwa njengomuntu noma njengokungemuntu. Ekukholweni kuThixo, uNkulunkulu ungumdali nomlondolozi womkhathilibe, kuyilapho enkolweni kaThixo ofulathele, uNkulunkulu ungumdali, kodwa akeyena umlondolozi womkhathilibe. Enkolweni kaThixoyikonke, uNkulunkulu ungumkhathilibe ngokwawo, kuyilapho enkolweni kaThixonxanye, uNkulunkulu uyingxenye yomkhathilibe. Ukungakholwa kuThixo kuwukuswela ukholo kuNkulunkulu, kuyilapho ukuNgazi kuyinkolo yokuthi ubukhona bukaNkulunkulu abaziwa noma abunakwaziwa. UThixo uphinde athathwe njengomthombo waso sonke isibopho sesimilo, nangokuthi "uyisikhona esikhulu esingacatshangwa".

Iningi labachazithixo abaziwayo kanye nabosonjulalwazi baqhamuke nezimpikiswano ezimelene kanye nezivuna ubukhona bukaThixo. UThixo kubhekiselwa kuye ngamagama amaningi kuye ngolimi nesikompilo nezithakazo ezisetshenziswa ekubhekisela ezimfanelweni zikaThixo.

## Amakhasi amangaphandle
* Ivangeli lokufika kombuso, izinto ezivela enkolweni yobuKristu kodwa hhayi yonke indawo
IBhayibheli

## iTestamente Elidala - O. T.

* Genesise
* Eksodusi
* Levitikusi
* Numeri
* Duteronomi
* Joshuwa
* Abahluleli
* Ruthe
* 1 & 2 Samuweli 
* 1 & 2 AmaKhosi 
* 1 & 2 IziKronike
* Ezra
* Nehemiya 
* Esteri
* Jobe 
* AmaHubo 
* IzAga
* UmShumayeli 
* Ingoma kaSolomoni
* Isaya
* Jeremiya
* IsiLilo sikaJeremiya
* Hezekeli
* Daniyeli
* Hoseya 
* Joweli
* Amose
* Obadiya
* Jona
* Mika
* Nahume
* Habakuki
* Zefaniya
* Hagayi
* Zakariya
* Malaki

## iTestamente Elisha
* Mathewu
* Marku
* Luka
* Johane
* IzEnzo
* AmaRoma
* 1 Korinte
* 2 Korinte
* Galathiya 
* Efesu
* Filipi
* Kolose
* 1 Thesalonika
* 2 Thesalonika
* 1 Thimothewu
* 2 Thimothewu
* KuThithu
* KuFilemoni
* KumaHeberu
* EkaJakobe
* 1 Petru
* 2 Petru
* 1 Johane
* 2 Johane
* 3 Johane
* EkaJuda
* IsAmbulo

## Umlando

## Imithombo
Ikati

**Ikati** noma **ingobe**.

## Umlando

Isaga esidume kakhulu sekati sithi, ikati lilele eziko. Lezizilwane zingamanono ngoba zihlala zihlanzekile.

Ikati lasekhaya ( elibizwa nge-Felis catus noma i-Felis silvestris catus) lincane, livame ukuba noboya, futhi lidla inyama. Kaningi libizwa ikati lasendlini, noma ngokulula ikati, uma ngungekho sidingo sokulihlukanisa kwamanye. Amakati ayigugu kakhulu kubantu ngoba abantu awathandela ubudlelwano abanalo nabo nokuzingela izinyoka kanye nezinye izilwane ezihluphayo endlini.

Amakati anokufana ngamathambo (anatomy) namanye ama-felids, ngemizimba enamandla, elulekayo, futhi ngokushesha, izinzipho ezibukhali, kanye namazinyo enzelwe ukubulala izilwanyana. Ngengama-crepuscular predator, amakati asebenzisa ukuzwa kwazo okubukhali kanye nokubona cishe ebumnyameni ukuzi abambe akuzingelayo. Amakati awezwa kuphela imisindo engazwakali ezindlebeni zabantu kodwa zingezwa futhi nemisindo esezingeni eliphezulu (high frequency) ngendlela yokuthi abantu ngeke bayizwe. Loku ngengenxa yezilwanyana ezizingelwa ngamakati ezinjengamagundane, enza umsindo ophezulu (high frequency) ngakho izindlebe zekati zishitshile futhi zingakwazi ukuzwa le misindo. Amakati angakwazi ukunukelela kancono kunabantu.

Ngaphandle kokuba abazingeli, amakati athanda ubudlelwane, amakati athanda ukuxhumana ngezindlela eziningi ezifana (ngokwenza u-meau, ukupurrr, ukuthrillla, ukuhisa, ukugwavuma kanye nokugranta) kanye nokunye ukunyakaza okuthandwa ukwenzwa ngamakati.

Amakati akwazi ukubeletha ngokushesha. Ukubeletha ngokulawulekile, angabeletha futhi abonakale njengezilwane ezibhalisiwe zasendlini, into ethandwa ukwanzwa ngabantu. Ukuhluleka ukulawula inalo yamakati kungabangela ukuthi kube nenani eliningi lamakati alahlwayo kusuka kumakhaya afuye amakati njengoba kwenzeka manje emhlabeni wonke, lapho kunamakati abalelwa kwizigidi ezingu-60 zamakati alahliwe e-Melika kuphela.

Njengoba amakati wayekhonziwe e-Egypt bekukholelwa ukuthi kwaqalwa lapho ukuthi amakati ayenziwe izilwane zasekhaya, kodwa kungahle kube kuqale esikhathini se-Neolithic. Ucwaningo lofuzo olwayenziwa ngo-2007 lukhombe ukuthi wonke amakati wasekhaya avela emakatini wasendle wase-Africa (African Wild cats) (Felis silvestris lybica) c. 8000 BCE, Emaphakathi neMpumalanga. Okwamanje amakati adume kudlula zonke izilwane njengezilwane zasekhaya, manje atholakala nanoma yikuphi emhlabeni.
Inja

**Inja** (noma **Inja enkulu**) isilwane. Insikazi yenja injakazi. Iduna yenja ichalaha.


File:Boerboel.jpg|iBoerboel  *Inja yaseNingizimu Afrika*
File:Poligraf Poligrafovich.JPG|iPoligraf
File:Terrier mixed-breed dog.jpg|iTerrier mixed-breed
File:Cavalier King Charles Spaniel trio.jpg|iSpaniel trio
Indlulamithi

**Indlulamithi** isilwane esinesikhumba esimabhadubhadu esinentamo ende esiyisebenzisela ukudla amaqabunga emithi ephakeme impela. Indlulamithi ithanda indawo enemithi emide ukuze izifihle kahle impela, phela njengoba iyinde ingaka ezinkalweni kungalula ukuthi onkabi abayizingonyama bayithole.
IKapa

**IKapa** (; ) yisidlavela(idolopha mfwethu) elikwisifundazwe  sentshonalanga Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika. Lelidolobha laziwa ngalo itheku. IKapa esinye sesidlavela ezintathu eziyiziqongo, futhi iKapa liyikomkhulu lendlu yoMgwamanqa(parliament?) waseNingizimu Afrika. Liyisiqongo sokushaywa komthetho ezweni, liyisidlavela esidala ezweni, lilele isibili lilandela isidlavela saseGoli. Liteketiswa ngokuthi isidlavela esinguMama, liyisidlavela esikhulu eNtshoanalanga Kapa, futhi liphethwe uMkhandlu waseKapa. Ezinye izidlavela eziyiziqongo, iPitoli, okuyisiqongo sesiGungu sezwe, lapho uMongameli ehlezi khona,  kanye ne-Bloemfontein, okuyisiqongo sezokwaHlulela, lapho iNkundla ePhakeme yokuDluliswa kwamacala ihlezi khona.

## Umlando
Ekapa abantu bakhuluma  isiBhunu, isiXhosa nesiNgisi. idolobha laseKapa linabantu abangu-5064,000 kusukela ngo-2025.

IKapa iwumthetho wenhloko-dolobha yaseNingizimu Afrika.https://www.thoughtco.com/why-does-south-africa-have-three-capitals-4071907

= iGeography =
I-Kapa Peninsula iyinhlonhlo enamadwala nezintaba ephumela olwandle i-Atlantic Ocean emaphethelweni aseningizimu-ntshonalanga yezwekazi. Phezulu kwayo yiKapa Point kanye neKapa of Good Hope. I-peninsula yakha uhlangothi olusentshonalanga ye-False Bay kanye ne-Kapa Flats. Ohlangothini olusempumalanga kunezintaba zeHelderberg neHottentots Holland.

## Amakhasi alandiweyo
* IsiXhosa
* IGoli

## Imithombo
I-Ostreliya

**I-Ostreliya** (noma **I-Australiya**; isiNgisi: *Australia*) izwe nezwekazi elikhulu lase-Ostreliya. Isiqongo sase-Ostreliya i-Khanbhera *(Canberra)*. Ulimi isiNgisi.

## Izilimi zase-Ostreliya
* isiNgisi sase-Ostreliya *Australian English*
* isiPitjantjatjara *Pitjantjatjara*
* isiWajari *Wajarri*
* isiGupapuyingu *Gupapuyŋu*

## Umlando
I-Ostreliya izuphi letspek izsokul.
Senzangakona

**Senzangakhona kaJama** (c. 1762-1816) wabe eyinkosi yesizwe samaZulu. Amadodana akhe kubalwa kuwo aMakhosi amane akwaZulu okwabe kungo Dingane, Mpande, Sigujana kanye noShaka. Uyise kaSenzangakhona kwabe kunguJama kaNdaba. Udadewabo kaSenzangakhona kwabe kunguMkabayi kaJama.
Dingane

**Dingane kaSenzangakhona** (1795-1840) wabe eyinkosi yamaZulu wabulala uShaka wathatha ubukhosi nonyaka wezi-1828. UDingane wanqotshwa ngamaBhunu eNcome ngonyaka wama-1838 emva kokubusa isizwe sakwaZulu iminyaka eyishumi.wayengubhuti ka Shaka
INgilandi

**INgilandi** (isiNgisi: *England*) izwe laseYurophu. Isiqongo saseNgilandi iLondon. Ulimi isiNgisi. INgilandi yizwe eliyingxenye yOmbuso Ohlangeneyo. Lingumakhelwane nesiKotilandi enyakatho kanjalo neWelisi entshonalanga; Ulwandle lwase-Ayilendi luse nyakatho-ntshonalanga, Ulwandle lwaseKeltiki luseningizimu-ntshonalanga kanti Ulwandle lwaseNyakatho lusempumalanga, Insungubezi yamaNgisi eningizimu ihlukanisa iNgilandi kwizwekazi laseYurophu (continental Europe). Ingxenye enkulu yeNgilandi yakhiwe yingxenye emaphakathi nengxenye eseningizimu ye-island (izwe elincane elizungezwe amanzi ngokuphelele) yaseBrithani Enkulu (Great Britain) e-Atlantic eseNyakatho. INgilandi ihlanganisa futhi amazwe amancane azungezwe amazi ngokuphelele angaphezu kwekhulu njenge-ziqhingi Sicilly ne-siqhingi Wight.



Image:Westminster_Abbey_by_Canaletto,_1749.jpg|ILondon
Image:London Thames Sunset panorama - Feb 2008.jpg|London Thames Sunset panorama


## Umlando

## References
UBudha

**uBudha**, (noma ***Buddha*** ngesiPali nesiNgisi) wenkolo kaBudha, ungumuntu ube ekhanyisa. Akuzwi intukuthelo futhi akuhlupheki. Uphelile ngakuzalwa kabusha ngoba uqonda isimo semhlobo, ngakho-ke ukhulula eNirvana. Igama "uBudha" uyasebenziswa futhi yena Siddharta Gautama, ungumlandeli wenkolo kaBudha wokuqala. uBudha akungusithixo. Inkolo kaBudha akukholwi ngezithixo. Abantu bonke bazokwazi ukuba uBudha, uma bafunda ihlakanipho nobuntu nothando.

Inkolo kaBudha laqala eNdiya iminyaka emikhulungwane mabili namakhulu amahlanu kade.
UbuBudha

**UbuBudha** (noma **Inkolo kaBudha**) laqala eNdiya elidala (ngeminyaka 2500 kade). Inkolo likhulu ye-Eshiya eMpumalanga.
Ibhola likanobhutshuzwayo

**Ibhola likanobhutshuzwayo** (noma **ibhola elibhutshuzwayo**) elaziwa nangokuthi **[[ibhola lezinyawo]]** liwumdlalo weqembu odlalwa amaqembu amabili anabadlali abayi-11 ngalinye abasebenzisa izinyawo zabo ukuze baphokozise ibhola enkundleni.

Impokophelo yalomdlalo ukufaka amanqaku amaningi kunaweqembu okudlalwa nalo ngokuthi ibhola likhahlelwe lize liyokweqa emgqeni wezinti zeqembu elizama ukuzivikela.    Ngokwenjwayelo, umdlalo udlalwa imizuzu engama-45 isiqephu ngasinye kwezimbili, eziba umdlalo wemizuzu engama-90 usuphelele. Kunabadlali abangaba yizigidi ezingama-250 emazweni angama-200, futhi lona ngumdlalo onesibunge uMhlaba wonke.

Ibhola likanobhutshuzwayo lidlalwa ngokwemithetho yomdlalo, okuyiqoqo lemithetho esetshenziswayo kusuka ngonyaka we-1863 futhi inakekelwa iBhodi Lenhlangano Yebhola Lezinyawo Yamazwe (IFAB) kusukela ngowe-1886. Lo mdlalo udlalwa ngebhola eliyindingilizi. Lapho kudlalwa ngebhola, abadlali basebenzisa izinyawo zabo ngokuyinhloko, kodwa nezinye izingxenye zomzimba ziyasebenza, ngaphandle kwezandla nezingalo, ukuze balawule noma badukluze ibhola, noma balidlulise; ikhanda, isifuba; amathanga nawo avame ukusetshenziswa. Unozinti kuphela okufanele asebenzise izandla nezingalo, kodwa kuphela endaweni yenjezo yakhe.

INhlangano yamazwe elawula lomdlalo olibizwa FIFA. Ngaphansi kweFIFA, kunezinhlangano eziyisithupha zamazwekazi: iNhkangano Yebhola Yase-Ashiyan (AFC), iNhlangano Yebhola yase-Afrika (CAF), kanye i-CONCACAF, i-CONMEBOL, iNhkangano Yebhola Yaseziqhingini (OFC), neNhlangano Yebhola yaseYurophu (UEFA). Izwe ngalinye libuye libe neNhlangano ephatha umdlalo kanobhutshuzwayo kulelo zwe, kokubili kwabayizingcwepheshi namavukane, futhi iyona egqugquzela imincintiswano ngokuvumelana nemithetho yomdlalo.  ENingizimu Afrika, iNhlangano elawulwa ibhola likanobhutshuzwayo ibizwa SAFA.  Umncintiswano wamazwe omkhulu ubizwa Indebe Yomhlaba yeFIFA. Futhi Indebe Yomhlaba yabesilisa iwumqhudelwano obukwa ukwedlula eminye emhlabeni, wedlula ngisho nemidlalo yama-Olimphikhi.

## uMsukagama
Elithi ibhola likanobhutshuzwayo lisho ukuthi ibhola elibhutshuzwayo, Isenzo sokubhubuza yisona esenziwa ebholeni. Ngokwesichazamazwi sikaVilakazi elithi bhubuza livela kusenzukuthi esithi *bhubu*, esinezincazelo ezihlanganisa 'ukuhlwitha' njengalapho Uklebe luhlwitha ichwane. Okwesibili lisho ukweba, ngokuhlwitha noma ngenye indlela. Ngakho ukubhubuza kusho ukuthatha into komunye ngokushesha. Emdlalweni webhola lezinyawo, ibhola ilona elibangwayo, yilona elibhutshuzwayo. Amaqembu ayaqhudelana ngokulilawula, elinye lifuna ukulihlwitwa noma ukubhubuza ibhola kwelinye, lisebenzisa izinyawo, ukuze likwazi ukuyoleqisa umugqa wezinti, bese lithola inqaku.

## Amaphatho
AmaZulu

## Amakhosi akwaZulu

* Mnguni 
* Nkosinkulu 
* Mdlani 
* Luzumana
* Malandela kaLuzumana
* Ntombhela kaMalandela
* Zulu kaNtombhela (1709) 
* Gumede kaZulu 
* Phunga kaGumede
* Mageba kaGumede (1745)
* Ndaba kaMageba (1763)
* Jama kaNdaba (1781)
* Senzangakhona kaJama (1762-1816)
* Shaka kaSenzangakhona (1787-1828)
* Dingane kaSenzangakhona (1795-1840)
* Mpande kaSenzangakhona (1798-1872)
* Cetshwayo kaMpande (1826-1884)
* Dinizulu kaCetshwayo (1868-1913)
* Solomon kaDinizulu (1891-1933)
* Cyprian Bhekuzulu kaSolomon (1924-1968)
* Goodwill Zwelethini kaBhekuzulu (*1948 -2021 )
AmaZulu yibona abantu abaningi kakhulu lapha eNingizimu, abeqhawe baningi nje, ingenxa yomlando wesizwe sakwaZulu omude futhi ojulile. AmaZulu angamaNguni futhi ohlobene kakhulu namaSwati, AmaXhosa kanye namaNdebele. AmaZulu atholakala eMozambique, eMalawi, eAngola, eZimbabwe, naseTanzania. AmaZulu akhula kakhulu ngenkathi kubusa inkosi uShaka kaSenzangakhona, okunguyena owahlanganisa izinhlanga ezahlukene ukuze kube isizwe esisodwa. Amagama esiZulu aseze angena nasolwini lwesingisi futhi uZulu udume umhlaba wonke. AmaZulu yibona abantu abadume kakhulu eAfrika ngenxa yeqhaza amakhosi namaqhawe akwaZulu alidlala ngenkathi belwa nabelumbi belwela umhlaba wabo. UZulu wanqoba amaNgisi kabili ezimpini ezahlukene, into ebingakaze yenzeke, kwazise phela isibhamu sasingakaze sihlule umkhonto nesihlangu. AmaZulu aqhamuka phesheya neAfrika phecelezi, North Africa, lapho aye yingxenye yesizwe samaNguni, okwakuyibona abantu baseGibhithe bebalekela isomiso sogwadule iSahara. Lapha eNingizimu badibana namaKhoi-San, okuyibona abantu bakuleli bokuqala. IsiZulu sikhulunywa yiningi labantu baseSouth Africa. Sitholakala eMndenini wezilimi obizwa ngokuthi amaBantu Languages.

## Igalari


File:ZuluWarriors.jpg|AmaZulu
File:Zuludänzer.jpg|
File:Zulu_village_1.JPG|


## okunye okuthinta loku
* IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika
* Uphiko Lwezilimi Kuzwelonke

## Imithombo


## Imithombo yangaphandle

* History section of the official page for the Zululand region , Zululand.kzn.org
* People of Africa, Zulu marriage explained, africanholocaust.net
* Izithakazelo, wakahina.co.za
Uphuthu

**uPhuthu** lungukudla okuvame ukudliwa eNingizimu Afrika. Uphuthu lwenziwa ngempuphu esuselwa kummbila owomisiwe, bese wagayiwa waphendulwa impuphu. Luphekwa ngamanzi abilisiwe. Ludliwa kakhulunobhontshisi, amasi, kanti futhi luyadleka nanoma yisiphi isishebo.

**[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nwXxliuG5-k&ab_channel=Thabile_theCook IZINDLELA ZOKUPHEKA UPHUTHU]**

# Kala amanzi anele uphuthu ofisa ukulipheka.
# Linda amanzi abile ebese ufaka impuphu yesikalo sakho.
# Yekela kubile noma imizuzu emi-5 lapho isitofu sakho siphezulu.
# Lapho sekugxabha khona, goqoza kuze kwakheke amageqela ebese wehlisa isitofu usibeke maphakathi..
# okusuka lapha usuzoligoqoza kahlanu njalo emva kwemizuzu eyi-10.
# Lapho seluhlangene khona, selungasabonakali uhoyizana lwempuphu, thatha imbhijana uyihlafune: Uphuthu oseluvuthiwe olugqumuzeli kanti futhi auluhlakazeki kube sengathi udla impuphu nje uphinde ujabule.
IsiBhunu

**IsiBhunu** (*Afrikaans*) singulimi saseNingizimu Afrika neNamibhiya. Kuyasifana ngesiHolandi. Singulimi sikamaKhaladi, nengxenye-abeLungu ezefundazwe zasentshonalanga eNtshona-Koloni noNyakatho-Koloni).

## Bheka futhi
* IsiHolandi
* Izilimi zaseNingizimu Afrika
IMpumalanga Kapa

**IMpumalanga Kapa** (; ; ) yisifundazwe saseNingizimu Afrika.

Lesifundazwe sisentshonalanga yeKwaZulu-Natal. Amadolobha amakhulu kulesifundazwe Ibhayi kanye neMonti, kodwa isiqongo siseBhisho. Ngobukhulu bendawo lesifundazwe silandela iNyakatho Kapa.

Lesifundazwe sinabantu abaphuma kwi-zizwe eziningi ezinamasiko futhi nobukhosi obuhlukene kodwa ezikhuluma ulimi olulodwa lwesiXhosa njengalezi; AmaMpondomise, AbaThembu, AmaBhaca, AmaBomvana, AmaHlubi kanye nezinye.

IMpumalanga Kapa iyikhaya futhi nendabuko yabantu abanjengo; Nelson Mandela, Chris Hani, Steve Biko, Oliver Tambo kanye no Thabo Mbeki.

## Amaphethelo
Lesifundazwe sinamaphethelo nezifundazwe ezine zaseNingizimu Afrika kanye nezwe elilodwa iLesotho; 

### Izifundazwe
* IKwaZulu-Natali
* IFuleyisitata
* INyakatho Kapa
* INtshonalanga Kapa

### Izwe
* Lesotho

## Izilimi
Iningi labantu base Mpumalanga Kapa bakhuluma isiXhosa, abanye bakhuluma isiBhunu, isiSuthu, isiZulu kanye nesiNgisi.

## Imfundo
### Amakholishi
* Buffalo City College
* Lovedale College
* Queenstown College
* Port Elizabeth College
* Ikhala College
* Eastcape Midlands TVET college

### Amanyuvesi
* University
* Nelson Mandela University
* University of Fort Hare
* Walter Sisulu University

## Imithombo
Izilimi zaseNingizimu Afrika

**iNingizimu Afrika** line**zilimi** eziyishumi nanye ngamandla esikhundla. Zingu:

* isiZulu
* isiXhosa
* isiBhunu
* isiSuthu
* isiNgisi
* isiNdebele
* isiSwazi
* isiVenda
* isiPedi (isiSuthu sasenyakatho)
* isiTsonga
* isiTswana

***IsiZulu*** sikhulunywa kakhulu impela (24% bakabantu baseNingizimu Afrika bakhuluma isiZulu ekhaya). Ulimi olulandelayo luyi***siXhosa*** (18%) bese * *'isiBhunu**' (13%).

Njengoba kunezilimi ezihlukene kunendlela elula esetshenziswayo eNingizimu Afrika ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu bonke bathola umyalezo ofanayo kokubhaliwe kumbe okukhulunywayo. Ukuhumusha nokutolika yizona zindlela ezisetshenziswayo ukwenza lokho. I-Ningizimu Afrika ikholelwa ukuthi alukho ulimi olungaphezu kwezinye yingakho iqinisekisa ukuthi zonke ziyasetshenziswa ngokulinganayo.

Kunezikhungo zemfundo ezihlukahlukene eziqeqesha abantu kulemikhakha yezolimi ukutolika nokuhumusha. Akusiyona into eyenziwa inoma ngubani owazi izilimi ezingaphezu kolulodwa kodwa kuneqeqesho olwenziwayo ngoba kunezindlela kanye nemithetho elandelwayo uma kwenziwa lokhu (kutolikwa noma kuhunyushwa).
IFuleyisitata

**iFuleyisitata** (; ; ; ; ) yisifundazwe saseNingizimu Afrika.

Isiqongo salesifundazwe iBloemfontein. Ulimi okuyilona olukhunyulwa kakhulu kulesifundazwe isiSuthu.

## Amaphethelo
Lesifundazwe sinamaphethelo nezifundazwe eziyisithupha zaseNingizimu Afrika kanye nezwe elilodwa.

### Izifundazwe
*IKwaZulu-Natali
*EGoli
* IMpumalanga
* INyakatho-Ntshonalanga
* INyakatho Kapa
*IMpumalanga Kapa 

### Izwe
*Lesotho.

## Izilimi
Ulimi olukhulunywa kakhulu kulesifundazwe isiSuthu. Enyakatho mpumalanga yesifundazwe ulimi olukhulunywa kakhulu isiZulu.

## Imithombo
IsiSuthu

**IsiSuthu** (*Sesotho*) singulimi lwasoSotho neNingizimu Afrika. Asiyona ulimi lwesiNguni. Singulimi lwasiSuthu&nbsp;(sifana nesiTswana nesiPedi). Sikhulunywa ngabantu abayizigidi ezihlanu.
Mpande

**Mpande kaSenzangakhona** (1798-1872) wathatha ubukhosi emva kokukhothama kuka Dingane ngonyaka wezi-1840. UMpande wakothama kwaNodwengu emva kokubusa iminyaka engamashumi amathathu nambili ngokuthula.
IButswana

**IButswana** (isiNgisi, isiTswana: *Botswana*) yizwe laseAfrika. Lezwe linemingcele neNingizimu Afrika, iNamibhiya kanye neZimbabwe.


|IGaborone
File:Blank map of Botswana with colours.svg|Izifunda weButswana
File:Flying-female-Lechwe.jpg|Inyamazane e-Okavango
File:Botswana sunrise.jpg|Ukuphuma kwelanga eButswana
File:Baobob tree.jpg|Isihlahla *Baobab*
File:Botswana trade.png|Abangane womhwebo ngo-2004


## Bhekafuthi

* IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika
IAfrika

Lapha uhlelo ngamazwe amashumi amahlanu nane we-Afrika. Ukwaziswa ngesiqongo, izilimi, izimali, amanani labantu, ukuminyana no-GDP.

iMalta nezigaba we-Italiya, iSpeyini, iPhothugali no-Fulansi nazo ezwakazi we-Afrika, kodwa zisweYurobhu. Isiqhingi iSokhotra nango ezwakazi we-Afrika, kodwa yizwe iYemen we-Eshiya. iGibhithe, elula enhlonhlo Sayinayi, kodwa ziswe-Afrika.

## Amazwe
Amazwe amashumi amahlanu nane ngamalunga wezizwe ohlangeneyo,. Zonke ngaphandle kwa-Morokho ngamalunga wa-qoqo i-Afrika.

### Amazwe akayivumi

### Amakoloni

### Izindawo zinye

## Izixhumanisi
* Prince Kevin I Nyerere (Tanzaniya)

## Notes

## References
IsiKotilandi

**ISikotilandi** (,   ) iyizwe kwa-Umbuso Ohlangeneyo, laseYurophu.


Image:Edinburgh Castle Overview.jpg|I-Edinbagu


## Imithombo
Mošovce

**Mošovce** (1380 umuntu) uumuzikhulu eSlovakiaenyakatho namonumentdalaningi, naindawo ukuzalwa umbhalislovakdumile, Ján Kollár.

## Ukwaziswanye
* www.mosovce.sk

## Isithombe

Image:Kastielmosovce.jpg|Indlukhulu - Mošovce
Image:Kostolmosovce1.jpg|Isontoprotestant - Mošovce
Image:Kostolmosovce2.JPG|Isontocatholic - Mošovce
Image:Kaplnka-Mosovce.jpg|Isontoncane - Mošovce
Image:Dom-Mosovce.jpg|Indluningi - Mošovce

Image:Mosovce.jpg|Ihawu - Mošovce
Image:Vlajka-Mosovce.jpg|Isihlangu - Mošovce
Image:Map_slovakia_mosovce.png|Mošovce - Slovakia
Image:Mapa-Mosovce.png|Mošovce


Commons:Mošovce
ILimpopo

**ILimpopo** yisifundazwe saseNingizimu Afrika. Igama lalesifundazwe yigama lesiNdebele, lithathelwa egameni lomfula omkhulu ohlukanisa izwe leNingizimu Afrika ne Zimbabwe.  

Lesifundazwe sasungulwa ngonyaka ka-1994.

## Amaphethelo
ENingizimu Afrika lesifundazwe sinamaphethelo nalezifundazwe; 

* EGoli (eningizimu)
* IMpumalanga (eningizimu mpumalanga)
* INyakatho-Ntshonalanga (eningizimu ntshonalanga)

Siphinde sibe namaphethelo nalamazwe;

* IButswana (enyakatho ntshonalanga)
* IZimbabwe (enyakatho)
* iMozambique (enyakatho mpumalanga)

## Izilimi
Izilimi ezikhulunywa kakhulu kulesifundazwe isiPedi, isiTsonga kanye nesiVenda.

## Imithombo
IMpumalanga

**IMpumalanga** (; isiNdebele; IMpumalanga; isiTsonga: Humadyambu; IsiBhunu, isiNgisi, IsiSuthu: "Mpumalanga") yisifundazwe saseNingizimu Afrika. Sinamaphethelo namazwe amabili, iMozambique kanye naseSwazini.

Lesifundazwe sasungulwa ngo-27 kuNdasa ngo-1994. Ngesikhathi sobandlululo lesifundazwe sasiyingxenye yesifundazwe i-Transvaal. Isiqongo salesifundazwe iMbombela.

## Amaphethelo
IMpumalanga inamaphethelo namazwe amabili;

* iMozambique (enyakatho mpumalanga)
* Eswatini (empumalanga)

eNingizimu Afrika lesifundazwe sinamaphethelo nalezifundazwe; 

* iGoli (entshonalanga)
* ILimpopo (enyakatho)
* IFuleyisitata (eningizimu ntshonalanga)
* IKwaZulu-Natali (eningizimu)

## Izilimi
Izilimi ezikhulunywa kakhulu kulesifundazwe isiSwazi kanye nesiZulu.

## Imithombo
IJaphani

**IJaphani** (noma **IJapani**; isiJapani: **日本** *Nippon/Nihon*) iyizwe e-Eshiya. ITokyo ngusiqongo saseJaphani.

## Izilimi zaseJaphani
* isiAyinu
* isiJapani
* isiRyukyuu
Umculo

**Umculo** ungubuciko obusebenzisa umsindo ohleliwe. Ungadlalwa ngamabhendi, ngama-okhestra, abaculi abaningi noma oyedwa. Umculo uphinde ube ezinye yezinhlanga zikaqed' isizungu. Uhlanganisa imisindo ngendlela ezothokozisa abantu.

## Igalari

Image:Psautier de Paris, MSS. gr. 139, fol. 1v.jpg
Image:Filippino Lippi 001.jpg
Image:PharoahSanders.jpg
Image:Naxi Musicians I.jpg
Image:Trill example ornaments.png
Image:Photo récital 028.JPG
Image:Songbook by Davide Restivo.jpg
Image:Adeste Fideles sheet music sample.svg
IsiQumuqumu

:

**iPiyano** noma **isiQumuqumu** liyinsimbi yomsindo enesiqengqe esinezintambo ezishaywa izando zokhuni ezicakwe ngesithako esithambile (izando zanamuhla zimbozwe ngovolo; ngaphambili kwakusetshenziswa isikhumba). Isiqumuqumu sidlalwa ngokusebenzisa isiqengqe esinezichofwa eziwuhlu (zimise okwesixakaxo ezincane) umdlali ozicindezela ngeminwe nangezithupha ngezandla zombili okubangela izando ukuba zishaye izintambo. Lensimbi yaqanjwa nguBartolomeo Cristofori wase-Itali eminyakeni ye-1700.
Intaba

**Intaba** lingimvelo.

Ngokuya ngosolwazi noma ososayenzi bemvelo bathi izintaba zadalwa yizintabamlilo ezenzeka uma kuqubuka okusatshe noma okusamdoko kuphuma emathunjini omhlaba kuphumele ngaphandle, bese ngemva kokuthi kome kuphenduke inhlabathi namatshe. Ngokwenkolo intaba yadalwa nguNkulunkulu, lapho uMvelinqangi ahlala khona, axhumana khona nomuntu. Kungakho intaba kuyinto eligugu kubantu abamnyama. Intaba ibaluleke kakhulu kubantu ngoba uma uphezu kwentaba uyakwazi ukubona yonke into ephansi, kanti emandulo intaba yayisetshenziselwa ukuqapha izitha ezingase zihlasele isizwe. Yingakho izinhloli zazihlala entabeni ukuqapha noma ukuvikela isizwe. Izintaba kunezintaba ezingamagugu, esizweni samaZulu, njengentaba yaseSandlwana, eMajuba eKhongela,izintaba zoKhahlamba. Ziningi izimpi ezaliwa lapho, angeke uwuqede umlando wamaZulu uma ungakhulumanga ngezintaba. Ngisho nasebhayibhelini ikhona intaba eyayibizwa ngkuthi yintaba yaseSinayi lapho uMoses ahlangana khona noNkulunkulu. U-Abrahama naye wahlangana noThixo entabeni, uma uMoses wasebhayibhelini wayehlangana noNkulunkulu ngasentabeni. Amasonto amaningi athatha intaba njengendawo engcwele, yingakho amasonto amaningi abekwe ezintabeni ezithize. Zikhona nje izintaba ezingamagugu ezizweni eziningi, isibonelo isizwe samaZulu, sinezintaba ezingamagugu njengezintaba Zokhahlamba, iMajuba nezinye izintaba. Kanti nesizwe samaNdebele naso sinazo izintaba ezingamagugu njengoMadlayi (intaba kayikhonjwa),uWuba noMhlopheni,iMkobola nezinye iintaba ezinomlando wesizwe.

## Amagama esiZulu ahlobene nentaba
Arête - iBhoshongo

Cirque - umQakulo

Crevasse - umTshako kuQeqeba

Cove - isiGodisi

Dirt cone - umGubhuqu

Drumlin - isiDundukezo

Drumlin field - iLima lesiDundukezo

Esker - inJonjela yolunge

Fjord - iNgenela elimaqele

Fluvial terrace - umKhwelombe wokugudlwa

Glacial horn -uPhondo lweQeqeba

Glacier - iQeqeba

Glacier cave - umGede weQeqeba

Glacier foreland -

Hanging valley - isiGodi esinyonga

Hill - iGquma

Kame - isiCakafu

Kame delta - iNtathungo yesiCakafu

Kettle - iMbaqhwa

Monadnock (Inselberg) - iDwala

Moraine - iMfukuma

Moulin - iPhomela

Mountain - inTaba

Mountain pass - iNtuba/isiGece

Nunatak - iMbulekwana

Proglacial lake - iChibilika

Outwash fan - iMpephala yomHlangulwa

Outwash plain - iThafa lomHlangulwa

Pingo - iQhwagquma

Rift valley - isiGodi esinyonga

Roche moutonnée - umPhece

Side valley - isiGodi esingenela

Summit - isiQongo

Trim line - umuShwi

Truncated spur - iNtululombe

Tunnel valley - isiGodi esibhalu

Valley - isiGodi

U-shaped valley - isiGodi esibubene

## Bheka futhi
*Uhlu lwezintaba eNingizimu Afrika *([[IsiNgisi]])*
Utamatisi

**Utamatisi** (û-tà-má-tisi) isithelo|yisithelo so msobo we sithelo esibanzi iSolanum lycopersicum, esidliwayo, esiba bovu uma sesivuthiwe. Siyathamba siba noketshezi olumnandi ngaphakathi. Sisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphekeni, noma sidliwe siluhlaza kumasaladi.

Utamatisi uwumthombo obalulekile we-umami flavour.  Utamatisi udliwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, uluhlaza noma uphekiwe, ngezitsha eziningi, amasoso, amasaladi neziphuzo. Ngenkathi utamatisi uyizithelo — zihlukaniswa ngezitshalo ngokuthi amajikijolo — zivame ukusetshenziswa njengesithako semifino noma isidlo eseceleni. 

Izinhlobo eziningi zesitshalo setamatisi zitshalwa kabanzi ezindaweni ezifudumele emhlabeni jikelele, nezindawo zokugcina izithombo zivumela ukukhiqizwa kwamatamatisi kuzo zonke izinkathi zonyaka. Izitshalo zikatamatisi zivame ukukhula zibe amamitha ayi-1-3 (3-10 ft) ukuphakama. Yimivini enesiqu esibuthakathaka esishwabanayo futhi ngokujwayelekile sidinga ukwesekwa.  Izitshalo zikatamatisi ezingapheli ziyizikhathi zokuhlala endaweni yazo, kepha ziyalinywa njengonyaka. (Ukunquma, noma isihlahla, izitshalo ziyiminyaka eyeka ukukhula endaweni ethile futhi ikhiqize isivuno ngasikhathi sinye. in) ububanzi.
Ulwandle

**Ulwandle** luyindikimba yamanzi agcwele itswayi. Ngokuvamile lapho sithi ulwandle, sisho udwadwakazi lamanzi, sihlanganisa nolwandlekazi, oluyindikimba yamanzi enkulu emboza ingenxe enkulu yoMhlaba. Eqinisweni ulwandle luncane kunilwandlekazi futhi iningi lungungwe izwe ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele. Isibonelo zolwandle zihlanganisa ulwandle oluBomvu *(red sea)*, ulwandle iMedithera (olukhulu), ulwandle olumpisholo *(black sea)*, ulwandle laseNyakatho *(north sea)* njll.

Ubutswayi bamanzi buyahlukahluka, njengoba buphansi eduze nombuso bawo nasekungeniseni kwemifula emikhulu, bube phezulu ekujuleni kwezilwandlekazi; kodwa, izilinganiso zetswayi elincibilikileyo zihluka kancane kuzo zonke izilwandlekazi. Intilibathwa yesikhumanqa esincibilikile emanzini wolwandle ichwenzi lenaside. Lamanzi aphinde aqukathe netswayi lomGethe, itswayi lomCaphana, itswayi lomKhosha, netswayi lesigidi, ezinhlweni sevange ezitholakala kuwo. Kukhona neziphili ezinhlobonhlobo zasemanzini, ezihlanganisa iZinungwana, izingunazana, ulwelwe, izitshalo, ukhunta, nezilwane ezigcwele ulwandle. Izimpilandawonye zolwandle ziyatholakala emanzini akhanyiswa iLanga, ogwini nasekujuleni kolwandle olunomfutho nesigayegaye esibandayo. Zikhona nasezindaweni zamaqeqeba eqhwa, kuya kwimiyambi yomangijani abafudumele bezifunda zezinjikalanga.  Futhi kungenzeka ukuthi iningi leziphili ezigcwele ulwandle zaqala kulezimpilandawonye.  

Ulwandle yilona olulinganisela isimo sezulu soMhlaba, futhi lunengxenye ubalulekile kumjikelezo wamanzi, umjikelezo wonCalahle, nomjikelezo weNihwe. Ubuso bamanzi bunanana nomoyambulunga, zombili zinanenala ngezigubo ezifana nezinhlayiyana ngamazinga wokushisa, kanye nemisinga. Imisinga ebandayo iyimisinga yamanzi ekhiqizwa imisinga yomoyambulunga nezivungu zawo ezivunguza ebusweni bamanzi, bese zikhiqiza amagagasi omoya. Amabuya, awukukhuphuka nokwehla kwamanzi olwandle enzeka kabili ngosuku, abangwa ukundiyaza koMhlaba nemithelela yomnyondo weNyanga. Amabuya anesiju sobubuya esiphezulu emathekwini nasemtateni. Ukuzamazama ngaphansi komhlaba okubangwa ukudikiza kwezizabazaba ngaphansi kwezilwandlekazi kungaholela kumabuyalundlu, izintshabamlilo, ukuguguleka.

## Umchazalwandle

UMhlaba uwukuphela komzulane owaziwayo onezilwandle namanzi aluketshezi ebusweni bawo, nakuba uNotshezi enamaqeqeba eqhwa afana nawoMhlaba, futhi khona eminye ImiZulendle kolunye uzungezohlelo lweLanga, efana noMhlaba nayo enezilwandle nezilwandlekazi.

## Impilo eselwandle

Ulwandle luyikhaya lezinto eziphilayo eziningi nezahlukahlukene ezizisebenzisa ulwandle njengendawo yokuhlala. Njengoba ukukhanya kwelanga kufinyelela kuphela ezingqimbeni ezingaphezulu zamanzi, ingxenye enkulu yolwandle ihlala imnyama unomphela. Amazinga ahlukene okujula kanye nokushisa kwamanzi akha izindawo zokuhlala ezehlukene, ngakho-ke imvelo yasolwandle inothile kakhulu ngokwehlukahlukana kwezinto eziphilayo. . : 204–229 {{Rp|pages=204–229}

## Amaphatho
Impophoma

**Impophoma** yinoma yiliphi iphuzu emfuleni noma emfuleni lapho amanzi egeleza khona phezu kwethonsi eliqondile noma echungechungeni lwamathonsi amakhulu. Amathonsi siphinde siwathole lapho amanzi encibilika ewela khona phezu komphetho wentaba yeqhwa noma ishelufu leqhwa . Amathonsi angakhiwa ngezindlela eziningana, kodwa indlela avame ukwakheka ngayo ukuthi umfula ugeleza phezu kwengqimba ephezulu yedwala eliqinile ngaphambi kokuwela edwaleni elithambile, eliguguleka ngokushesha, okuholela ekuweni okuphezulu kakhulu. Amathonsi ahlolisiswe ngethonya lawo ezinhlotsheni ezihlala kuzo futhi nasezindaweni ezizungezile.

Abantu baba nobuhlobo obuhlukile futhi nezimpophoma kusukela ngaphambi komlando, babehamba ukuzobona, bahlola futhi baziqambe amagama. Zingaveza izithiyo ezinkulu ekuhambeni ngemifula. Izimpophoma ziyizindawo zezinkolo emasikweni amaningi. Kusukela ngekhulu le-18, ziye zathola ukunakwa okwengeziwe njengezindawo zokuvakasha, imithombo yamandla kagesi wamanzi, futhi - ikakhulukazi kusukela maphakathi nekhulu lama-20 - njengezihloko zocwaningo.

Izimpophoma zivame ukuchazwa njengezindawo ezisemfuleni lapho amanzi egeleza khona phezu kweconsi eliphakeme eliseduze noma eliqondile. Ngo-2000 uMabin wachaza ukuthi "Ibanga elivulekile phakathi kokuma kwezindebe ne-I-dipping pool akufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-angamakhulu amabili nanhlanu wokuphakama kwezimpophoma. " Kunezinhlobo nezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuhlukanisa izimpophoma. Ezinye izazi zihlanganise ama-rapid njengengxenye encane. Lokho empeleni ikhona okwakha impophoma ,futhi kuyaqhubeka nokuphikisana.

## Izikomba
Iqhwa

**Iqhwa** lingamanzi aqandisiwe aba sesimweni esinqumile, imvama okuyinto eyenzeka ngaphansi kwamazinga omchadamo ayi-0 wama-Celsius noma ama-Fareinhiet angama 32 °F (0 °C; 273 K). Ngenxa yokuba khona kwezisila ezifana nezinhlayiya zomhlabathi noma amabhamuza womoya, lingaba luntwentwe noma ukweqa noma lifiphale kancane ngombala osabumhlophe obulundwa.
Igolide

Igolide liyinto yamakhemikhali enophawu i-Au (kusuka esiLatini: i-aurum) nenombolo ye-athomu engu-79, okuyenza ibe ngesinye sezakhi zezinombolo ze-athomu eziphakeme ezenzeka ngokwemvelo. Ifomu elihlanzekile, liyinsimbi ekhanyayo, ephuzi ngokubomvu, ewugqinsi, ethambile, ethambile futhi edayisekayo. Ngokwamakhemikhali, igolide liyinsimbi yokuguquka kanye neqembu le-11 element. Ingenye yezinto ezingasebenzi kakhulu zamakhemikhali futhi iqinile ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile. Igolide livame ukwenzeka ngesimo samahhala se-elemental (native), njengama-nuggets noma okusanhlamvu, emadwaleni, emithanjeni, naku-deposits alluvial. Kwenzeka ochungechungeni lwesixazululo esiqinile nesici somdabu sesiliva (njenge-electrum), esihlanganiswa ngokwemvelo nezinye izinsimbi ezifana nethusi ne-palladium kanye nokufakwa kwamaminerali okufana ne-pyrite. Ngaphansi kokujwayelekile, kwenzeka kumaminerali njengamakhemikhali egolide, imvamisa ane-tellurium (ama-tellurides egolide).

## Igolide ngokwamakhemikhali
Igolide limelana nama-asidi amaningi, yize lichitheka ku-aqua regia (ingxube ye-nitric acid ne-hydrochloric acid), eyakha i-tetrachloroaurate anion encibilikayo. Igolide alincibiliki ku-nitric acid, elincibilikisa izinsimbi zesiliva nezisekelo, impahla osekuyisikhathi eside isetshenziselwa ukucwenga igolide nokuqinisekisa ubukhona begolide ezintweni ezisansimbi, okwenza igama elithi acid test. Igolide lincibilika nasezixazululweni ze-alkaline ze-cyanide, ezisetshenziselwa ukumbiwa kwezimayini nokuqothulwa kwamandla kagesi. Igolide lichitheka ku-mercury, lenze ama-alloys alloys, futhi njengoba igolide lisebenza nje njenge-solute lokhu akuyona impendulo yamakhemikhali.
Isiliva

**Isiliva** liyinsimbi etholakala ngaphansi komhlaba. Mandulo abantu bebasebenzisa ushintsho lwezinto ukuze bathole izinto abazifunayo.
IThusi

**IThusi** liyisiqungo esakhiwe ngokuyinhloko ngosoklele, kanye nesithanambi esingaba yi-12 ekhulwini futhi imvama kufakwa nezinye izinkimbi (ezihlanganisa isAlumbe, uManyazini, INimbi noma iZethe) futhi ngezinye izikhathi kufakwa nokungenkimbi, okufana nepholoba, noma iSiphemba. Lezenezelo zikhiqiza izinhlobo zeziqungo ezingaba eziqatha kunosoklele uwodwa, noma ezinezinye izakhi eziwusizo, ezifana nobukhwepha, ukulembuluka *(ductility)* noma ukuguxazela.

Inkathi yasemivubulukweni lapho ithusi laliyinkimbi eqatha kakhulu futhi lisetshenziswa kabanzi yaziwa ngokuthi inkathi yethusi. Lenkathi yethusi yaqala entshona naseYurashiya naseNdiya phakathi nekulungwane yesine BCE, nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yesibili BCE eShayina; yasabalalela kwezinye izindawo kancane kancane ezifundeni zonke. Inkathi yethusi yalandelwa inkathi yensimbi kusuka ngowe-1300 BCE futhi yafinyelela eYurashiya cishe ngowama-500 BCE, nakuba ithusi laqhubeka nokusetshenziswa kabanzi ngokungafani nanamuhla.

Ngenxa yokuthi imisebenzi yobuciko yayivame okwenziwa ngosoklele nezethe futhi amathusi anezakhiwo ezihlukile, izindluzokugcina *(museums)* kanye nezincaziso zongoti zemisebenzi yobuciko emidala, zisebenzisa kakhulu ibizo elithi "isiqungo sosoklele."

## Izinkomba
Umthofu

**[[insimbi|Umthofu]]** uwucingo oluthambile.Lolu cingo lusetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi emakhaya lapho kwenziwa khona izinto ezahlukahlukene, ezakhiwe ngocingo, njengezimoto zocingo, kanye namabhodo uma sekwenziwa izibambo zawo.
Inkundla

**Inkundla** yilapho kubanjelwa khona imidlalo ehlukile, lapho uthola abalandeli abathanda eqembu elithize behlezi kwindawo lapho iqembu labo likora khona. kwesinye isikhathi uthola ukuthi uma iqembu elithize lingaphumeleli abalandeli balo bathukuthela baze bamoshe izinkundla, ngicabanga ukuthi yiyo into eyenza ukuthi indawo yethu ingaphumeleli futhi ingadume ngendlela ekufuneka idume ngayo.
Cetshwayo

Inkosi **uCetshwayo kaMpande** (; ; c. 1826 – 8 ngoNhlolanja 1884) wayeyinkosi Yombuso WamaZulu kusukela ngonyaka we-1872 kuya kowe-1879. UCetshwayo waba yinkosi yokugcina eMbusweni wakwaZulu. Walwa impi namaNgisi ngonyaka wezi-1879 eyaziwa ngokuthi Impi yaseSandlwana, lapho anqoba khona amaNgisi. Nabala agcina emnqobile amaNgsisi lapho wadingiswa kodwa wabuye wavunyelwa ukubuyela kwaZulu engakakhothami.
Dinizulu

**Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo** (1868 - 19 ngoMfumfu 1913) wabe yinkosi yakwaZulu kusukela ngonyaka wama-20 kuNhlaba we-1884 kwaze kaba ukukhothama kwakhe ngonyaka we-1913.  Wethweswa icala lokuvikela uMbuso waseNgilandi okwathi esegwetshiwe wadingiselwa eSentelina  kusuka ngonyaka we-1886 kuya kowe-1898. Waphinde wethweswa icala elifanayo malunga nobuphekulazinkhuni bukaBhambatha kaMancinza okwathi angagwetshwa wadingiselwa eNtilasifani (''Transvaal'') kusuka ngonyaka we1907 kuya kowe-1913.
Solomon kaDinizulu

**Solomon kaDinizulu** (2 Masingana 1891- 4 ngoNdasa 1933) iNgonyama kaZulu wazalelwa eSentelina ngenkathi uyiseUdinizulu esekudingisweni. Waba yinkosi yoMbuso wakwaZulu kusukela ngonyaka wezi-1913 kuya kowezi-1933 ngonyaka akhothama ngawo. Udadewabo kaSolomon kwabe kuyiNkosazane uMagogo kaDinizulu okungumama kaMangosuthu Buthelezi.