open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Abel Azcona

**U-Abel Azcona**  ( Madrid, Ephreli 1, 1988 ) ungumdwebi waseSpain okhethekile ezenzweni zobuciko .  Umsebenzi wakhe, ngokubukwa okumakwe kwe-autobiographical, uboniswa emithonjeni yezobuciko azalwe ngokusebenza futhi ziphenduke ukufakwa, izazi zokubhala, ubuciko bevidiyo,  ukudweba  noma ukubhala, and video art. ngemibhalo ebhaliwe kusukela nokulingwa, ukuze ematheksthi etemibhalo noma isikhumbuzo. Imisebenzi yakhe yyokuqala yayiqondene nobuntu uqobo, udlame kanye nemikhawulo yobuhlungu, ivela emisebenzini yesimo esibucayi, sepolitiki nakwezenhlalo.

Umsebenzi wakhe ukhonjisiwe kwimibukiso nemipheme emhlabeni jikelele, ethola ukubonwa kwamazwe omhlaba eVenice Arsenal, e- Asia Art Biennale eDhaka naseTaipei,  eLyon Biennial, the Bogotá Museum of Modern Art, uMkhosi Wezizwe Ukusebenza kwe- Miami  noma i- Bangladesh Live Art Biennial.  Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Azcona ikhona eminyuziyamu eyahlukene kazwelonke nakwamanye amazwe kanye nezikhungo zamasiko ezifana neMalaga Center for Contemporary Art,   Museum of Modern Art eBogotá,  Art League Houston,  Museum U-Leslie Lohman waseNew York  noma i- Círculo de Bellas Artes eMadrid .   UMnyuziyamu weContemporary Art kaBogotá  wanikezela umbukiso owenziwe kabusha ngo-2014.


## Imithombo
Isithombe booth

## PHOTO BOOTH
Isithonjana sezithombe (isiNgisi: i-Photo Booth) [wokuthengisa] otholwa ngogesi noma i-kiosk yesimanje ngekhamera ne-processor yefilimu. Namuhla, iningi lamadokodo wezithombe ledijithali

=Umlando=
Ilungelo lokuqala lokuqanjwa kwamakhamera lafakwa ngo-1888 nguWilliam Pope noBaltimore Edward Poole. Umshini wokuqala wokuthwebula owasebenza ngempela wawungumkhiqizi womqambi waseFrance u-TE Enjalbert (Mashi 1889). Kwakhonjiswa kwi-1889 World's Fair eParis. Umthwebuli wezithombe waseJalimane uMathew Steffens wafaka isicelo selungelo lobunikazi ngomshini onjalo ngoMeyi 1889.  Le mishini yokuqala yayingathembekile ngokwanele ukuba ikwazi ukuzimela. Ikhamera yokuqala ezenzakalelayo ephumelele kwezentengiso yayingu "Bosco" (enelungelo lobunikazi ngoJulayi 16, 1890) ngumqambi uConrad Bernitt eHamburg. Yonke le mishini yokuqala yakhiqiza ama-ferrotypes. I-automation automation yokuqala enenqubo engemihle neqondile yasungulwa nguCarl Sasse (1896). 

Umqondo wesimanje wesithombe sobumbano owatholwa u-Anatol Josepho, owafika eRussia evela eRussia ngo-1923, wayenekhethini. Indawo yokuqala yezithombe yavela eBroadway eNew York ngo-1925. Kwamasenti angama-25, ikhabethe lalithatha izithombe eziyi-8, lazithuthukisa futhi laziprinta, kwathatha imizuzu eyi-10.  Isetshenziswe ngabantu abangama-280,000 ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala ngemuva kokuba kuvulwe ikhabethe. Kwasungulwa i-Photomaton Company ukuhlalisa amakhabethe ezweni lonke. NgoMashi 27, 1927, uJosepho wakhokha ama- dollar ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane futhi waqinisekisa amalungelo okushicilela asazowathola.

=Amaphothi Wezithombe Zepasipoti=
Amadokodo amaningi wesithombe asetshenziselwa ubunikazi bezithombe. Bangumshini wemali osebenza nge-othomathikhi enzelwe ukuphrinta izithombe ngefomethi ethile ehlangabezana nezidingo zesithombe sepasipoti. Amakhophi amaningi angaphrintwa ukuze asindise abasebenzisi ukuze bawasebenzise ngokuzayo.

Ngokwesiko, amadokodo ezithombe anesihlalo noma ibhentshi, lapho kuzohlala khona umphathi oyedwa noma ababili abathwebuliwe. Ngokuvamile isihlalo sizungezwe ikhethini ukuvumela ubumfihlo futhi uvimbele ukuphazanyiswa kwangaphandle ngesikhathi somhlangano wesithombe. Ngemuva kokukhokha, isithabathaba sezithombe sithatha uchungechunge lwezithombe, kepha iningi lamadokodo wanamuhla lingathatha isithombe esisodwa liphrinte uchungechunge lwezithombe ezifanayo. 

=Photo Tag Booths=
Ama-tags wezithombe ezenziwe ngeJapan noma imishini yokuphrinta yezithombe iyindawo ekhethekile yezithombe ekhiqiza izitika zezithombe. Ngenkathi iJapan isaduma kakhulu, basakazekela eTaiwan, eSouth Korea, eHong Kong, eSingapore, eMalaysia, Philippines, China, Vietnam naseThailand e-Asia. Bangeniswa nase-Australia. Abanye bebeqala ukuvela e-USA naseCanada, yize kungashiyanga lutho e-Europe ngenkathi kwethulwa maphakathi nawo-1990s.

EJapan, i-purikura (プ リ ク ラ) ibhekisa kummephu wethegi wesithombe noma womkhiqizo wesithombe. Imishini yePurikura yasungulwa ukuphendula intshisekelo yabesifazane abasebancane ezithombeni nakwizitika. .

=Notes=
IKlerksdorp

IKlerksdorp yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Nyakatho Ntshonalanga, eNingizimu Afrika. Lelidolobha yilona elikhulu kunawo wonke amadolobha asesifundazweni seNyakatho-Ntshonalanga.

## Umlando
Lelidolobha lasungulwa ngonyaka ka-1837 noma 1838 ngenkathi amaBhunu ekhetha ukuhlala kulendawo emva kokuthola igolide kuyona lendawo.

## Imithombo
John Steenhuisen

**UJohn Henry Steenhuisen**, owaziwa njengo**John Steenhuisen**, usopoliti waseNingizimu Afrika osebenza njengomholi weqembu eliphikisayo kwiPhalamende Likazwelonke laseNingizimu Afrika. Ungumholi wesikhashana we-DA, okhethwe ngoNovemba 2019. Phambilini wayeyisitswebhu esikhulu se-DA kwiNational Assembly ngaphansi kobuholi bukaMmusi Maimane. Ubuye futhi wabandakanyeka kwezepolitiki yaKwaZulu-Natali, njengomholi wesifundazwe we-DA nekhansela likaMasipala weTheku. Uphinde waqokelwa elinye ihlandla njengomholi weqembu ngo-Ephreli 2, 2023.https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1432691/politique/en-afrique-du-sud-john-steenhuisen-agite-le-chiffon-julius-malema/.

## Izinkomba
UMbumbulu

**UMbumbulu** idolobha eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika. Lelidolobha lilawulwa umasipala weTheku.

## Imithombo
Isipingo

**Isipingo** yidolobha eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika. Kuledolobha kukhona; Isipingo Rail, IMalaba Hills, Isipingo Hills, ILotus Park, I-Orient Hills, IMalukazi kanye neSiPingo Beach.

## Imithombo
EkuPhakameni

**eKuPhakameni** umuzi oyikomkhulu leBandla LamaNazaretha, osendaweni yaseNanda, KwaZulu Natali. INkosi u-Isaiah Shembe owasungula leli hlelo ngo-1910, wathenga indawo yebandla kulendawo wayibiza ngokuthi iseKuPhakameni *(indawo yokufukula ngokomoya)* . UShembe wakhothama ngo-1935 wafihlwa eKuPhakameni kanti iliba lakhe lithathwa njengendawo engcwele. Imikhosi emikhulu ibanjwa khona ngoMasingana, ngoMbasa, ngoNtulikazi nangoMandulo minyaka yonke.

## Imithombo
Illovo Beach

**Illovo Beach** yidolobha elikwisifundazwe saKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika. Leligama lale dolobha lithathelwa egameni lomfula owaqanjwa NgamaZulu "Illovo River" ngenxa yezihlahla ezibizwa nge "Mlovo" ezikhula kulendawo.

## Imithombo
IKarridene

**IKarridene** yindawo encane eKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika. Lendawo iphakathi kwellovo Beach no Mkomaas.

## Imithombo
ILa Lucia

**ILa Lucia** yindawo eKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika. Igama lalendawo lathathelwa egameni lomuntu wesifazane owayebizwa ngo-Lucia Michel. ULucia Michel nomyeni wakhe basungula ifamu lomoba elibizwa nge-La Lucia

## Imithombo
Inanda

**Inanda** yilokishi eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika. Leligama elithi "Nanda" lithathelwe egameni elithi "Nandisa". Lelilokishi lilawulwa umasipala weTheku. Abantu abagcwele kulendawo ngamaZulu. Lelilokishi liyindabuko yabantu abanjengo; John Langalibalele Dube kanye no Mahatma Gandhi. Ibandla lamaNazaretha lasungulwa kulendawo.

## Imithombo
ILa Mercy

**ILa Mercy** yindawo eKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika. i-King Shaka International Airport ikuyona lendawo. 

## Imithombo
IMount Edgecombe

**IMount Edgecombe** yindawo eKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika. Lendawo isenyakatho yeTheku. Lendawo yazelwa ngokuba nezindawo eziningi zokuzijabulisa kanye nemidlalo yegalofu. 

## Imithombo
INew Germany

**INew Germany** yidolobha eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika. Lelidolobha lasungulwa ngo-1848, lisungulwa ngabantu abangama-183 abaqhamuka eGermany. 

## Imithombo
ILamontville

**ILamontville** noma **eLamonti** yidolobha elikwisifundazwe saKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika. 

## Imithombo
IQueensburgh

**IQueensburgh** yidolobha eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika. Ngonyaka ka-1924, amalokhishi amane; iMalvern, i-Escombe, iNorthdene kanye neMoseley ahlanganiswa ukuze kwakheke idolobha elibizwa nge Malvern. Ngonyaka ka-1952, leligama lashintshwa labuyiselwa kuleli elithi "Queensburgh". 

## Imithombo
EMadadeni

**EMadadeni** yilokishi elingaphansi kwesifundazwe saKwaZulu-Natali, ngaphansi kwesifunda Amajuba eNingizimu Afrika. Leli lokishi lakhele idolobha elinesiBhedlela esidumile khona kulendawo yaseNewcastle. Lena indawo edume kakhulu ngokuba yindawo enhle nemvelo yalo kanti futhi alikho kude noDolobhakazi elikhulu okuthiwa iseGoli/ KwaNyama KaziPheli kuphela amazinyo endoda. 

## Imithombo
IKokstad

**IKokstad** yidolobha eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika. Leligama elithi "Kokstad" lithathelwa egameni yenkosi yama Griqua u-Adam Kok III owafika kulendawo ngo-1863.

## Imithombo
EMandeni

**IMandeni** noma **Mandini** yidolobha eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika.Leli dolobha lisesifundeni Ilembe. Leli dolobba lithi alibe ngamakhilomitha angama-22 enyakatho-mpumalanga nedolobha laKwaDukuza (elalaziwa ngelaseStanger), ngaphesheya komfula uThukela. Le ndawo ingamakhilomitha angama-96 ukusuka eThekwini.

IMandeni inoxhaxha lwezitolo ezine, okuyiMandeni Plaza, KwaSiqumbe (Renckens' SuperSpar), Mandeni Mall, Sundumbili Shopping Centre (KwaGcaleka). Ilokishi laseMandeni yiSundumbili, yona-ke enezigceme ezahlukene. Phakathi kwalezi zigceme kukhona iBhidla, iSikhalambazo, iThokoza, iDark City, iRed Hill, i-Island (okubuye kuthiwe yi-Ireland), kwaChappies naseWhite City. Kukhona nendawo eyayihlala abamhlophe kuleziya zikhathi zobandlululo okuthi kuseKwatasi. Leli dolobha linezimboni eziningi ezahlukene nokwenza ukuthi likwazi ukuletha izisebenzi ezisuka ezindaweni eziseduze nakude. iningi lezimboni lesindaweni yazo KwaSithebe. Imboni enkulu neqashe abantu abaningi nguSappi. Le yimboni eyakha iphepha futhi engenkulukazi eNingizimu Afrika. Umfula uThukela lugeleza lwedlule phakathi nendawo yaseMandeni. Isizalo salo mfula sisebangeni elithi malibe ngamakhilomitha ayi-10 mazansana neMandeni.

Yindawo eshisayo le ngezikhathi zasehlobo. Umlando uthi ngoZibandlela zingama-28, ngowezi-2020 kwaqoshwa ukushisa okwafinyelela ema-43oc. 

## Imithombo
Estcourt

yidolobha eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika.

ungathathi ithalente Lami ngoba ngeke ungiphuce engazalwa ngikufumbethe 

## Imithombo
IPongola

**uPongola** (eyaziwa nangesiZulu ngokuthi i-**oPhongolo**) iyidolobhaelisogwini olusenyakatho UMfula iPhongolo, isesigodini esivundile ku-N2, eduze kwezintaba zaseLubombo, ezigodini zaseZululand, okufinyeleleka kalula ezikhungweni zomngcele waseSwaziland. Kwakuyingxenye ye-panhandle yaseTransvaal phakathi kwePhongolo (I-Natal) ISwaziland (manje eyi-Eswatini) kwaze kwaba ngo-1994, lapho idluliselwa eKwaZulu-Natal.

UMasipala Wendawo wasePhongolo ungomunye womasipala bendawo abahlanu abasendaweni UMasipala Wesigodi saseZululand. Umasipala ubuswa uMkhandlu we-ANC owakhiwa Abakhansela abangu-22 kanye nekomiti ephethe futhi uHon. Cllr Winile Nhlabathi ungumphathi-dolobha. Imisebenzi yokuphatha yenziwa uMphathi kaMasipala neqembu labaphathi. Phakathi kwezinye izikole, kukhona iPongola Akademie, iDingukwazi Senior Secondary School kanye neLanga High School. I-Dingukwazi High Njengamanje iholwa uthishanhloko uDkt. S.G Msane kanye noBambanani abaholwa uthishansela uMnu. Ntshangase bahola izikole oPongola ngokuqondene nokubhalisa njengamazinga okuphumelela kwe-Matric.
Ulundi

**Ulundi/Ondini** , okubuye kuthiwe ise**Mahlabathini** **,** isidlidli esingaphansi kukaMasipala wesiFunda saKwaZulu . Sake saba  inxuluma eliyikomkhulu loMbuso wakwaZulu  eNingizimu Afrika saphinda kamuva saba inhloko yeBantustan yaKwaZulu , uLundi manje luseSifundazweni saKwaZulu -Natali (okuthe, kusukela ngowe-1994 kuya kowe-2004, yashintshana noMgungundlovu njengenhloko yesifundazwe. ). Lesidlidli manje sesinesikhumulo sezindiza okuthiwa Ulundi Airport , ihhotela likanokusho(three-star hotel), kanye nezigcinamagugu. Ngokubalwa kwabantu kwangowezi-2024 , inani labantu balesidlidli laqoshwa ngokuthi bayi-30,828.

## Imithombo
IVryheid

**IFilidi** yidolobha eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika.

## Imithombo

## History

Ngemva kokuba abalimi bamaBhunu, ababehlala endaweni yaseFilidi, basize iNkosi uDinuzulu ukunqoba iNkosi eyayiyisitha sayo uZibhebhu ukuze ingene esihlalweni sobukhosi bamaZulu, izwe ababehlala kulo iNkosi yesizwe samaZulu yanikela ngalo ngokusemthethweni kusuka ngasosebeni lomfula iMfolozi River. Mhla zi-5 kuNcwaba  ngowe-1884 amaBhunu akha *i-Nieuwe Republiek* (iRiphabhuliki Entsha) neFilidi njengeNhloko-Dolobha yayo futhi ubukhosi bayo bahlonishwa amaJalimane nePortugal. Kamuva yahlanganiswa neRepublic yaseNingizimu Afrika, kodwa ekupheleni kweMpi Yesibili Yamabhunu leli dolobha nendawo elizungezile kwahlanganiswa nekoloni laseNatal ngamaBrithani. I-Vryheid itholakala ngase-Transnet Coalline.
Umjindi Local Municipality

**Umjindi Local Municipality** kwakungumasipala wase Mpumalanga. Ngonyaka ka-2016 lomasipala wahlanganiswa nomasipala weMbombela.
KwaMhlanga

I**KwaMhlanga** yidolobha eliseNkangala district municipality yesifundazwe saseMpumalanga INingizimu Afrika. Iyikhaya elingokomoya lesizwe samaNdebele esahlala lapha ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18. I-Kwamhlanga manje iqukethe i-KwaMhlanga, i-Mandela, i-Phola, i-Sun City, i-Lithuli, i-Jordan, i-Mountain View, i-eMpumelelweni Village, neKingspark Village.

I-KwaMhlanga ingamakhilomitha angu-73 noma ihora elilodwa ngemoto ukusuka enhloko-dolobha yezwe, iPitoli emgwaqweni i-R573.&nbsp;

Leli dolobha lakhula laba yIsikhungo sokuphatha sikahulumeni wendawo, futhi manje lihlala ukuphathwa kukahulumeni weSifundazwe saseNyakatho Ntshonalanga yeSifundazwe sikaMpumalanga.

Ngasenyakatho yeKwaMhlanga, emgwaqweni i-R568 eduze nedolobhana laseKlipfontein, kukhona iManala Royal Kraal; i-Ndzundza Mabhoko Royal Kraal isenyakatho yeWeltevreden. Ngokuhlelwa okukhethekile, zombili lezi zindawo zingavakashelwa amaqembu amancane.

## Ezemidlalo
Iqembu le-National First Division i-Casric Stars lisendaweni yaseKwaMhlanga, lidlala imidlalo yabo yasekhaya ISolomon Mahlangu Stadium.

## Bheka futhi

* KwaNdebele
* Siyabuswa
* I-Vaalbank

## Imithombo
Bojanala Platinum District Municipality

**Bojanala Platinum District Municipality** umasipala omkhulu waseNyakatho-Ntshonalanga, eNingizimu Afrika.
I-Cannabis yaseNingizimu Afrika

I-Cannabis yaseNingizimu Afrika igunyazwe yiNkantolo Yomthethosisekelo wezwe ukuthi isetshenziswe ngabantu abadala ngasese. Kodwa-ke, imithetho eyenqabela ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala yomuntu yangasese nokuthenga nokuthengisa i-cannabis isahleli. Njengoba imithethonqubo emelene nokuthengwa kwemikhiqizo equkethe i-cannabis isaqhubeka ukusebenza, kubuye kungacaci ukuthi lesi sinqumo singasebenza kanjani.

Ngaphambi kokuthi kuvinjelwe ukwenqatshelwa kwesitshalo ngo-2018 abameli babecindezela uhulumende ukuthi aguqule imithetho yawo, eyayiqale yavimbela i-cannabis ngo-1922, ukuvumela ukuxolelwa kokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, imikhuba yezenkolo, nezinye izinhloso. I-Dagga ( iphimbo Afrikaans pronunciation: ), igama lesiBhunu elivame ukubhekiselwa kulo kweleCannabis; lisuselwa kwelesiKhoikhoi elithi dacha, elalisetshenziswa izifiki zokuqala zaseYurophu ezazingamakholoni eNtshonalanga Kapa. 

ICannabis kucatshangwa ukuthi yethulwe e-Afrika ngabadayisi bokuqala base-Arab noma baseNdiya. Yayisivele isetshenziswa kakhulu eNingizimu Afrika ngabomdabu amaKhoisan namaBantu ngaphambi kokuhlala kwabantu eYurophu eKapa ngonyaka ka-1652, futhi ngokwesiko ayesetshenziswa ama- Basotho ukudambisa ukuzala izingane. Ngokuya kombhali uHazel Crampton, izindlela zokupheka zakudala ze- Afrikaner zokwenza itiye nokudla zikhona ezisebenzisa isitshalo. Ukusetshenziswa kwesitshalo kwakuhlotshaniswa nemiphakathi yendabuko yase-Afrika kanye nesimo somnotho esiphansi.

Ucwaningo lweLongitudinal olwenziwe yiMedical Research Council (MRC) lubika ukuthi isibalo sabasebenzisi be-cannabis eNingizimu Afrika sasiyizigidi eziyi-2,2 ngonyaka wezi-2004, nezigidi eziyi-3,2 ngonyaka ka-2008. Ngo-2003, i- Interpol ilinganise iNingizimu Afrika njengomkhiqizi wesayensi we-cannabis wesine emhlabeni, futhi i- Institute for Security Study yabika ukuthi iningi labantu abanjwe e-UK futhi okwesithathu emhlabeni jikelele banemvelaphi yaseNingizimu Afrika.

## Izinkomba
Umkhombe

Isingeniso: Kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili zobhejane eNingizimu Afrika, umkhombe (ubhejane omhlope) (*Ceratotherium simum*) nobhejane omnyama (*Diceros bicornis*). Le mibala ayachazi obhejane babili bampunga.  Ngokumlando, ulimi lwesiBhunu ibiza ubhejane omhlope ngokuthi “weid (lips)” okungukuthi ubhejane onezindebe ezibanzi. AmaNgisi akaqondanga ukuthi leli gama “weid” lithini, acabanga ukuthi lithi “white”. Abanye abantu babiza lobhejane ngokuthi “square-lipped rhinoceros” bese ukuthi omnyama bawubize nge”hook-lipped rhinoceros”. Ubhejane omnyama unegama le ngoba maqondana nobhejane omhlope.

Izinhlobo zobhejane zahlukene kakhulu. Kukhona obhejane omhlope obizwa ngokuthi imikhombe. Imikhombe ithanda ukuhlala kanye kanye futhi banezinhliziyo ezinkulu. Obhejane obunyama bahlala bodwa futhi  kulula ukubathukuthelisa. Imikhonde inamakhanda amakhulu futhi aphansi. Amawundlu abo ahlukene futhi, amawundlu yemikhombe igijima phambi kunina. Amawundlu yobhejane omnyama igijima emuva kunina. 

Isikhungo: Ngokumlando babebaningi obhejane e-Afrika kodwa abantu base-Asia nase-Middle East bafuna kakhulu izimpondo zabo. Bakholwa ukuthi lezi zimpondo ziwamuthi wokusiza amadoda anamandla.  Baningi obhejane ababulawa ngoba abantu befuna ukunquma izimpondo zabo. Namhlanje obhejane bambalwa. Bahlala eKenya eTanzania naseNingizimu Afrika, naseZimbabwe naseNamibia. Obhejane bonke bahlala eziqiwini manje.  Abantu bayabazingela nxa beqile eziqiwini. Abanye bahlala eNingizimu Afrika, KwaZulu-Natal. Imikhombe ithanda ukuhlala ehlanzeni kodwa obhejane omnyama bahlala kahle emahlathini.

Ukudla Abakudlayo: Imikhombe idla utshani kanti ubhejane omnyama udla amakhasi emithi. Izindebe zabo ziyabasiza uma bedla. Izindebe zibanzi zisiza ukudla utshani kanti futhi izindebe zondile ukusiza obhejane ukunqampuna amakhasi.  Bonke obhejane bathanda kwamanzi, kodwa bangahlala izinsuku eziningi amanzi engekho.

Obhejane namaSiko amaZulu: Obhejane bakhona ezinganekwaneni zamaZulu futhi babalulekile kakhulu namhlanje emasikweni amaZulu ngoba kukhona obhejane babili baningi bahlalayo endaweni zamaZulu. AmaZulu angasiza ukulondoloza obhejane ngoba izinombolo zabo ziyancipha. Abavakashi bayathanda ukubona obhejane, futhi ukubakhona kobhejane kuyawusiza umnotho nezokuvakasha kwaZulu-Natal.

## Imithombo
UMkhandlu kaZwelonke weziFundazwe

**UMkhandlu kaZwelonke weziFundazwe** uyindlu ephezulu iPhalamende laseNingizimu Afrika. Siqukethe izethameli ezingama-90. Ishumi kwisifundazwe ngasinye kweziyisishiyagalolunye. Usihlalo Amos Masondo futhi uphethwe Sylvia Lucas.

Inezithunywa ezingapheli ezingama-54 nezihambeli ezikhethekile ezingama-36 ndawonye zenza izihambeli ezingama-90.

I-African National Congress inenqwaba, ilandelwa yiDemocratic Alliance bese kuba ne-Economic Freedom Fighters, Freedom Front Plus kanye Inkatha Freedom Party.
## Izinkomba
ISishayamthetho sikaZwelonke

**ISishayamthetho sikaZwelonke** saseNingizimu Afrika siyindlu ephansi yePhalamende. Siqukethe amalungu angama-400. USomlomo ngu Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqukula futhi iphini lakhe Lechesa Tsenoli.

I-African National Congress inamalungu amaningi, kanti iDemocratic Alliance iyaphikisana. Amaqembu ayishumi nane amelwe egumbini.

## Izinkomba
Naledi Local Municipality, IFuleyisitata

**Naledi Local Municipality** kwakungumasipala wase Fuleyisitata. Ngo-2016, lomasipala wahlanganiswa nabanye omasipala kwasungulwa umasipala omusha omkhulu i-Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality.
African Christian Democratic Party

**I-African Christian Democratic Party (ACDP)** iyiqembu lezepolitiki lobuKristu eNingizimu Afrika. Yasungulwa ngonyaka we-1993. Kuyinto kwesokudla-wing ukuba isikhungo kwesokudla. Uholwa nguKenneth Meshoe, umongameli weqembu owasungulwa. 

Kusukela ngonyaka ka-2019, i-ACDP inamalungu amane ePhalamende laseNingizimu Afrika, ilungu elilodwa kwilungu ngalinye lezishayamthetho zaseWestern Cape, KwaZulu-Natali naseGauteng. Futhi linamakhansela omasipala angama-22 ezweni lonke.
## Izinkomba
Freedom Front Plus

Iqembu **leFreedom Front Plus** kuyinto eNingizimu Afrika kwesokudla-wing pro-Afrikaner party ubuzwe, kwakheka ngo-1993 ngu-Constand Viljoen. Manje iholwa nguPieter Groenewald. Iqembu lisekela ukuzimela kwabantu base-Afrikaner. Iphikisana ne-Broad-based Black Economic Empowerment kanye ne-Affirmative Action.
## Izinkomba
Economic Freedom Fighters

**I-Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF)** eNingizimu Afrika kuze kwesokunxele-Pan-Africanist iqembu lezombusazwe. Kwasungulwa lowo owayenguMengameli we-African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL) owaxoshwa, uJulius Malema, kanye nababambisene naye, ngonyaka ka-2013. UMalema unguMongameli we-EFF, ohola iCentral Command Team esebenza njengengxenye yeqembu.

Kuyinto okwamanje iqembu lesithathu ngobukhulu emasontweni izindlu zombili wePhalamende zaseNingizimu Afrika.
## Izinkomba
Good

**I-Good Party** yiqembu lezepolitiki laseNingizimu Afrika elasungulwa ngoDisemba 2018. Liholwa ngumsunguli walo uPatricia de Lille, onguNgqongqoshe Wezemisebenzi Yomphakathi Nezingqalasizinda nowake waba yiMeya yaseIKapa. Izinqubomgomo zale nhlangano ziba ngaphezudlwana wobunxele futhi iplatifomu yayo yakhelwe kwinqubo yentando yeningi yabantu, ezemvelo, ukulwa nobandlululo kanye ne-Broad-based Black Economic Empowerment. Isakhiwo seqembu yiNtshonalanga Kapa futhi ikakhulukazi sithola ukwesekwa ngumphakathi onemibala.

## Izinkomba
Congress of the People

**ICongress of the People (COPE)** iyiqembu lezepolitiki laseNingizimu Afrika elasungulwa ngonyaka ka-2008 ngamalungu e-African National Congress (ANC). Uholwa nguMosiuoa Lekota.
## Izinkomba
Mtshengiseni Gcwensa

Umtshengiseni Gcwensa wazalwa ngo1972 ezalwa eMsinga kwa Majozi, Kwazulu. Ube esehola phambili iqembu Amageza Amahle.
Uqale ngokuthi abengumculi wangasemuva kuMahawukela ngezikathi zaMatshitshi Amhlophe lapho ube *back-ela* amaqembu ahlukene kaMahawukela.
Kuthe uma eseshona uMahawukela ngo-2001 base beqamba iqembu abalisungule ekunye noMgqumeni, bekungu 2003 unyaka abakhiphe i-*album* labo lokuqala ngokuhlanganyela. Iqembu bebelibiza ukuthi Amagcokama. Leliqembu likhiphe i-*album* eyodwa vho ababeyibiza ngokuthi "Ithe Bhuxe". Lisandlondlobala njalo iqembu kwase kuba nombangiswano lase lihlephuka phakathi.
UGcwensa ube esephuma umuzi okungowakhe lapho ahambe kanye nensizwa ezimbili okungu Njencane Ngubane kanye noSbongiseni Mpondo Ntombela. Base bezama ukukhangela inkampani abangaqopha kuyona,zabavalela ngaphandle eziningi baze badibana noSgxobo Mpungose wasebenzisana nabo bakhiphi *album* labo lokuqala.
Bakiphe *album* labo lesibili elabakhela udumo olumangazayo lapho kunengoma eyisihloko ethi "Iphethe Ummese".
Ube sewola izindondo ubuthaphu thaphu. Ubencomfana noMgqumeni njalo kuma *album* awakhiphayo.
Ithe uma idlula emhlabeni imbangi yakhe ngo-2009 wase eqhubeka nokudlala ingoma awayeyincomfa kuyona basebemvala emicimbini kwaze kwafuneka ukuthi axolise.
Sizokhumbula ukuthi ube wumculi wokuqala uwola indodo ezintathi kumncintiswano owodwa kumculo kamaskandi. Ngendlela abethandwa ngayo kuze kwadingeka ukuthi abahleli bemicimbi bavale ngaye icimbini ngoba uma ethe wacula kuqala uma ehamba kusala idlanzana labalandeli. Ugcwensa ubecula ehola phambili amageza amahle abuye abe ithwasa langempela abuye aba indidane aphinde akhiphe ezimbiza Umtshengiseni. Ubekipha kabili njalo enyakeni,ngoGood aphiinde akhiphe ngoDesemba. Ugule iskathi eside abaculi abaningi beneze bakhande amahlaya ngogula kwakhe,lonto ibingamthibazi nakancane ngoba ubeze acule ngako ukugula kwakhe. Ngezi 27 july 2015 sevuswa izindaba zokuthi usehambile emhlabeni.ushone esenizinqwaba zezindodo,ekhiphe ama album amaningi kabi. Iqembu amageza amahle lisale seliholwa owayengumculi wangasemuva uPotso ngobese obemkhonze kakhulu,ubuze umzwe elibiza kaningi igama lakhe ezingomeni zakhe.
Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality

**Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality** umasipala omkhulu waseMpumalanga Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
SOLID

Kuhlelo lwamakhompiyutha **olwenzelwe** into, i- **SOLID (Single responsibility, Open-closed, Liskov substitution, Interface segregation and Dependency inversion)** isichazamazwi se- mnemonic sezinqubomgomo ezinhlanu zokuklama okuhloswe ngazo ukwenza ukwakheka kwesoftware kuqondeke kakhudlwana, kube nezimo futhi kulondolozwe . Ayihlobene nemigomo yokwakhiwa kwesoftware ye- GRASP . Lezi zimiso zingaphansi kwezimiso eziningi ezithuthukiswa ngunjiniyela wesoftware waseMelika kanye nomqeqeshi uRobert C. Martin .    Noma zisebenza kunoma yikuphi ukwakheka okugxilwe entweni, imigomo ye-SOLID nayo ingakha ifilosofi eyisisekelo yezindlela ezinjengokuthuthuka ngokuphuthuma noma ukuthuthukiswa kwesoftware .  Umbono wemigomo ye-SOLID wethulwa nguMartin  lakhe le-2000 *Design Design and Designs Design*,   yize isigaxa se-SOLID sangeniswa kamuva nguMichael Feather.  

## Imiqondo

; Umgomo wesibopho esisodwa  
: Isigaba kufanele sibe nesibopho esisodwa, okungukuthi, izinguquko engxenyeni eyodwa yokucaciswa kwesoftware kuphela okufanele zikwazi ukuthinta okubekiwe kwesigaba. 
; Umgomo ovaliwe  
: "Izinhlaka zesoftware &nbsp; ... kufanele ivulelwe ukunwetshwa, kepha ivalelwe ukuguqulwa. " 
; Umgomo wokufaka esikhundleni weLiskov  
: "Izinhloso ezinhlelweni kufanele zibambezelwe ngezigatshana zezincazelo zazo ngaphandle kokushintsha ukunemba kwalolo hlelo." Bheka futhi ukwakhiwa ngenkontileka . 
; Umgomo wokuhlukanisa  
: "Izindawo eziningi eziqondene namakhasimende zingcono kune-interface eyodwa yenhloso ejwayelekile."  
; Umgomo wokuncika wokuncika  
: Umuntu kufanele "ancike kokukhishwayo (abstended), [hhayi] kokucindezelwayo kufakwe ndawonye (concretions)."
EMdantsane

**IMdantsane** yinxuluma eliseMpumalanga Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika, futhi lingamagxathunkulu angama-37 (km) kude nesidlidli iQonce. Liyinxuluma lesibili ngobukhulu eNingizimu Afrika kulandela i-Soweto eseGoli.

## Imithombo
ILusikisiki

**ILusikisiki** yidolobha eliseMpumalanga Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.

## Imithombo

## Umlando

### Ngaphambi Kobukoloni
Ngalesi sikhathi, Isigodlo seNkosi yamaMpondo sasihleli lapho osekukuyidolobha khona namhla. 

### Ngenkathi yamakoloni
Ngo-1894 abafuduki abamhlophe baqala ukuhlala eLusikisiki ngemuva kokuba izwe lamaMpondo lithathwe yIKapa futhi imantshi yahlala lapho nekambu yezempi eyasungulwa.

### Ngenkathi Yobandlululo
Ngo-1953 uhulumeni woBandlululo waseNingizimu Afrika wenza imizamo yokuthonya abantu baseLusikisiki ukuba bamukele ukubusa kweziphathimandla zaBantu ababezimisile. Uhulumeni wasebenza noNdunankulu uBotha Sigcau ukuzama ukuqala uhlelo lokuvuselela elamaMpondo. Leli cebo lanikezwa umphakathi waseLusikisiki kodwa lenqatshwa. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, amaphoyisa angena endaweni. Indoda okuthiwa uMngqinga yahola iqembu elikhulu lendawo ukuhlasela amaphoyisa. Lokhu kamuva kwaziwa ngokuthi i-Lusikisiki Revolt.
ILubombo

**ILubombo** yisifunda sezwe lase Swazini. 

## Amaphethelo
Lesifunda  sinamaphethelo nalezi zifunda;
* IHhohho (enyakatho)
* IManzini (entshonalanga)
* EShiselweni (eningizimu)

## Imithombo
OMasipala baKwaZulu-Natali

Isifundazwe saKwaZulu-Natali sinezifunda eziyi-11 ezinomasipala abancane abangaphansi kwazo lezo zifunda. Leli khasi liqukethe izifunda zaKwaZulu-Natali kanye noMasipala abangaphansi kwazo.

## [[eThekwini]]
* UMasipala weTheku

## [[UMasipala wesiFunda Ugu|Ugu]]
* Ray Nkonyeni
* uMdoni
* uMzumbe
* uMuziwabantu

## [[UMasipala wesiFunda uMgungundlovu|UMgungundlovu]]
* uMshwathi
* uMngeni
* Mpofana
* IMpendle
* Msunduzi
* Mkhambathini
* Richmond

## [[UMasipala wesiFunda UThukela|UThukela]]
* Alfred Duma
* iNkosi Langalibalele

## [[UMasipala wesiFunda Umzinyathi|Umzinyathi]]
* Ndumeni
* Nquthu
* Msinga
* Mvoti

## [[UMasipala wesiFunda Amajuba|Amajuba]]
* Newcastle
* Madlangeni
* Dannhauser

## [[UMasipala wesiFunda seZululand|Zululand]]
* Dumbe
* Phongolo
* Abaqulisi
* Nongoma
* Ulundi

## [[UMasipala wesiFunda UMkhanyakude|UMkhanyakude]]
* uMhlabuyalingana
* Jozini
* Big Five Hlabisa
* Mtubatuba

## [[UMasipala wesiFunda i-King Cetshwayo|King Cetshwayo]]
* Mfolozi
* Mhlathuze
* Mlalazi
* Mthonjaneni
* Nkandla

## [[UMasipala wesiFunda seLembe|iLembe]]
* Mandeni
* KwaDukuza
* Ndwedwe
* Maphumulo

## [[UMasipala wesiFunda sase-Harry Gwala|Harry Gwala]]
* Dr Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma
* Greater Kokstad
* Buhlebezwe
* uMzimkhulu
IHhohho

**IHhohho** yisifunda sezwe lase Swazini. 

## Amaphethelo
Lesifunda sinamaphethelo nalezi zifunda;

* ILubombo (eningizimu mpumalanga)
* IManzini (eningizimu ntshonalanga)

## Imithombo
IMbabane

**IMbabane** yidolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke amadolobha asezweni laseSwazini. Lelidolobha liyisiqongo sezwe lase Swazini, liphinde libe yisiqongo sesifunda se Hhohho. 

## Okuhlobene
* Eswatini

## Imithombo
IKubuta

**IKubuta** yidolobha elincane elise Swazini. Leli dolobha likwisifunda sase Shiselweni. Ngonyaka ka-2007, leli dolobha lalinabantu abayizi-6,922.

## Imithombo
ISidvokodvo

**ISidvokodvo** yidolobha elikwisifunda se Manzini, eSwazini. Ngonyaka ka-2005, leli dolobha lalinabantu abayizi-1,746.

## Imithombo
IsiShona

**IsiShona** singulimi lwamaShona, okungabantu abansundu abahlala eZimbabwe. Ngonyaka ka-2007, abantu abakhuluma lolulimi babeyizigidi ezingu-8.3.

## Imithombo
AmaShona

**AmaShona** wuhlanga lwabantu abansundu base Zimbabwe. Ulimi olukhulunywa ngamaShona yisiShona.  

Kunezizwe ezinhlanu zamaShona: amaZezuru, amaKorekore, amaNdau, amaManyika kunye namaKaranga. 

## Igama
Igama elithiShona kubantu alisho lutho ngaphandle kokuthi yigama lezizwe nezilimi zabo. Igama lingadideka ku "sona" ngolimi lwabo okusho ukuthi 'ukuthanga'. 

Umsuka wegama lawo waqhamuka kumaNdiya kodwa futhi wawusetshenziswa kaningi ngabaNguni (ikakhulukazi amaNdebele) ababeqinisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo.

## Imithombo
Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

**IBulawayo** yidolobha eliphinde libe yisifundazwe sezwe lase Zimbabwe. Leli dolobha lilandela iHarare ngobukhulu benani labantu. 

## Imithombo
Bing Crosby

**Harry Lillis Crosby** ( Tacoma, United States, 3 maypole ka 1903 - Alcobendas, Spain, 14 Okthoba ka -1977 ), kangcono eyaziwa ngokuthi **Crosby Bing** kwaba umculi ( *crooner* ) kanye actor American nge-career esithathe amahlanu wacabangela Inkanyezi yokuqala yemultimedia, i-Bing Crosby yayiyisitolo somculo esithengiswa kakhulu futhi saphumelela kunazo zonke ngekhulu lama-20.

UCrosby ubengumholi kwezokuqopha umlando, izilinganiso zomsakazo, kanye nokuthola imali yama-movie amakhulu - ungomunye wabalingiswa ababaluleke kakhulu nabanomthelela kuleli khulu lama-20 emhlabeni jikelele. Wayengomunye wabaculi bokuqala be-multimedia. Phakathi kuka-1934 no-1954, uCrosby waba nokuthengisa okungabekezeleleki ngama-albhamu akhe, izilinganiso ezinhle eziteshini zomsakazo namafilimu adume umhlaba.

Uvame ukubhekwa njengomunye wabalingisi bomculo abadumile emlandweni futhi namuhla Izwi lomuntu orekhodwe nge-elekthronikhi. Ukuhlonishwa kobuciko bukaCrosby kuyinto indawo yonke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusho ukuthi wayengomunye wezikhuthazo ezinkulu kwabanye abadlali besilisa abakhulu ababemsekela, njengoFrank Sinatra, uPerry Como, uDean Martin, uJohn Lennon , U-Elvis Presley, uMichael Bublé ukubiza abambalwa. I-Bing Crosby ithengise amarekhodi angaphezu kwezigidi eziyinkulungwane emhlabeni wonke kuze kube manje mhlawumbe ngumthengisi omkhulu kunayo yonke emlandweni, kanye nengoma ethengiswa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke enesihloko esithi White Christmas, amakhophi angaphezu kwama-50,000,000 athengiswe emhlabeni wonke.

UCrosby wayedumile futhi ethandwa kakhulu maphakathi nekhulu lama-20 emhlabeni, kangokuthi ukuhlolwa okwenziwa emuva ngaleso sikhathi kwembula ukuthi uCrosby wayedumile futhi ehlonishwa kakhulu kunoPapa Pius XII ngaleso sikhathi.

Impumelelo eshadi lakhe ihlala ihlaba umxhwele: amakhadi angama-396 ngamanye, kufaka phakathi ama-41. 1 Uma ubala kaningi ukuthi "kukhulunywa ngoKhisimusi" omhlophe, lokho kungafinyelela lelo nani lifinyelele ku-43, ngaphezulu kokuthi Beatles no-Elvis Presley bahlangene. UCrosby wayenezingoma ezihlukile zamashadi unyaka ngamunye phakathi kuka-1931 no-1954, kanti futhi wayenezingoma ezingama-24 ezihlukene ezazithandwayo ngo-1939 kuphela. 

UBing Crosby uqophe ukurekhoda okungaphezulu kuka-2 000 kwezentengiselwano nemisakazo ecishe ibe ngu-4,000, nohlu olubanzi lokuvela kwifilimu nakuthelevishini, ungumculi oqoshiwe kunabo bonke emlandweni. IBing Crosby ithole amarekhodi angama-41 No. 1 kumashadi (ama-43 afaka izihloko zesibili nezesithathu ze- "White Christmas"), ngaphezulu kweThe Beatles enayo (24) no-Elvis Presley onamarekhodi (18). Ukuqoshwa kwakhe kufinyelele emashadi izikhathi ezingama-396, ngaphezulu kukaFrank Sinatra (209) no-Elvis Presley (149) kuhlangene.
IMalaysia

**IMalaysia** iyizwe lesifundazwe elihlanganisa amazwe ayishumi nantathu (izifundazwe) kanye nezindawo ezintathu zobumbano I-Eshiya enendawo engama-330,803 skwele km.
Folweni

**iFolweni** yilokishi elikwisifundazwe saKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika. Leli lokishi lingaphansi kwamasipala weTheku.

## Imithombo
Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma

**UNkosazana Dlamini-Zuma** usopolitiki waseNingizimu Afrika osebenza njengoNgqongqoshe Wezokubusa Ngokubambisana Nezindaba Zendabuko. Usebambe izikhundla eziningi zamakhabethe kanti ngaleso sikhathi wayengusihlalo we-African Union. Ungumlingani wokuqala kaJacob Zuma futhi waba ngumengameli we-ANC ngonyaka we-2017.
## Izinkomba
Sihle Zikalala

**USihle Zikalala** (owazalwa ngo-6 uNcwaba 1973) usopoliti waseNingizimu Afrika. UnguNdunankulu waKwaZulu-Natali kanye neLungu lesiShayamthetho saKwaZulu-Natali. Ungusihlalo wesifundazwe we-African National Congress. Kusukela ngonyaka we-2016 kuya kowezi-2019, ubekade eyiLungu loMkhandlu oPhethe eziMali.
## Impilo yokuqala nemfundo
USihle Zikalala wazalwa ngomhlaka 6 uNcwaba 1973 edolobheni laseNdwedwe eNatal. Ufunde INyuvesi yakwaZulu-Natali futhi wathola iziqu kwezokuxhumana, ukuphatha kanye nezohwebo. Kwakuseyunivesithi lapho waqala khona ukusebenza kwezepolitiki.
## Umsebenzi wezepolitiki
UZikalala wayeyisishoshovu se-ANC eNdwedwe. Wakhethwa njengekhansela lesifunda ngonyaka we-1996. Waba matasa enhlanganweni yentsha ye-ANC. Usebenze njengoNobhala-Jikelele wenhlangano yentsha kuzwelonke ngaphambi kokuzibandakanya kwezepolitiki yesifundazwe. Ubeyiphini likanobhala wesifundazwe weqembu ngaphambi kokuba ngunobhala. Wakhethwa ukuba ngusihlalo we-ANC esifundazweni ngonyaka wezi-2015 futhi waba yilungu lesishayamthetho ngalo nyaka. Waqokwa emkhandlwini ophethe njengelungu lezezimali. Waphinde wakhethwa njengenhloko ye-ANC ngonyaka we-2018.

Ngemuva kokhetho lwango-2019, uZikalala wakhethwa Ndunankulu omusha. Wakhethwa kulesi sikhundla ngomhlaka 22 uNhlaba 2019, futhi wasithatha ngokusemthethweni lesi sikhundla mhlaka 27 uNhlaba 2019.

## Izinkomba

## Izixhumanisi ezingaphandle
*Sihle Zikalala (in English). *People's Assembly*.
Mxolisi Kaunda

**UThomas Mxolisi Kaunda** (owazalwa zingama-13 kuSepthemba 1972) usopolitiki waseNingizimu Afrika oqhamuka iKwaZulu-Natali obesebenza njengeMeya UMasipala weTheku kusukela ngonyaka ka-2019.

Phambilini usebenze njengelungu lomkhandlu omkhulu (i-MEC) wezokuThutha, ukuPhepha kanye nokuXhumana koMphakathi waKwaZulu-Natali kusukela ngonyaka ka-2016 kuya ku-2019, kanye neLungu lesiShayamthetho saKwaZulu-Natali ukusuka ngonyaka we-2009 kuya kowezi-2019.

Kaunda eyilungu le-African National Congress (ANC).
## Izinkomba
Maseru, Idolobha

**IMaseru** yidolobha lase Lesotho. Leli dolobha liyisiqongo sesifunda se Maseru, liphinde libe yisiqongo sezwe lase Lesotho.

## Imithombo
Izifunda zase Lesotho

**[[OSotho|ILesotho]]** yakhiwe yizifunda eziyishumi. Iningi lezifunda zase Lesotho ziqanjwe ngamagama afana neziqongo zazo.

## Imithombo
Christian Nodal

UChristian Jesús González Nodal (b. Caborca, Sonora, Januwari 11, 1999) ungumculi nombhali wengoma waseMexico. Umuntu wakhe wokuqala, "Adiós amor", okhishwe ngo-2016 ngaphansi kwelebuli lerekhodi likaFonovisa, uthole imibono engaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-910 ku-YouTube.

## Imithombo
Izifundazwe zase Zimbabwe

IZimbabwe yakhiwe yizifundazwe eziyishumi. 

* Bulawayo
*Harare
*Manicaland
*Mashonaland Central
*Mashonaland East
*Mashonaland West
*Masvingo
*Matabeleland North
*Matabeleland South
*Midlands
Izifundazwe zase Mozambiki

**[[IMozambiki]]** inezifundazwe eziyishumi nanye. 

* Maputo
* Niassa
* Sofala
* Zambezia
* Tete
* Cabo Delgado
* Gaza
* Manica
* Inhambane
* Nampula
* Maputo
Isiphambanakabili

Isiphambanakabili yigama lesiZulu lophawu olusetshenziswa kakhulu manje ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ukusakazela umyalezo othile abanye abantu. Liyisihumusho segama lesiNgisi. Kudwetshwa ngemigqa emine ephambanayo noma ngeziphambano ezibili ezixhumene (#). NgesiNgisi kubizwa njenge-"pound sign", i-"hash", noma i-"number sign" (uphawu lwezibalo). Ezinkundleni zokuxhumana kwaziwa njenge-"hashtag".

## Umlando
Sekukholelwe ukuthi indabuko yesiphambanakabili isophawini lwegama lesiLatin samaRoma, "*libra pondo*", okusho ukuthi "isisindo sepondo". Kukhona ubufakazi obukhombisa ukusetshenziwa kophawu oludala ukuchaza isisindo esibalwa ngama-"pondo" ngisho eminyakeni yezi-1850. Igama elithi "*hash sign*" lalivela kuqala eMzansi Afrika ngeyezi-1960; ngaphambi kwalokho lwalwaziwa esiNgisini ikakhulukazi njenge-"*number sign*".

Ekuqaleni kwakusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi emibhalweni eyabhalwa ngezandla, ngabantu ababesebenza embonini yokukhiqiza imishicilelo, nangabantu ababesebenza ngezibalo kwezezimali.
Itshelo

Itshelo yigama lesiZulu soqobo elisho ukuthi "inoveli" okuwumfakela ovela egameni lesiNgisi elithi "novel". Itshelo yincwadi equkethe endaba eqanjiwe wumlobi wayo ehlosa ukuthokozisa umfundi ekuyixoxeni. 



## Umlando
Itshelo lokuqala elabhalwa eMzansi Afrika yi-*Story Of An African Farm* (1883) nguOlive Schreiner, kodwa elokuqala elabhalwa ngowomdabu eMzansi Afrika kwakuyi-*An African Tragedy* nguRolfes Robert Reginald Dhlomo okwashicilelwa onyakeni lwe-1928. Itshelo lodumo, *Mhudi*, elabhalwa nguSolomon Tshekiso Plaatje labe selibhaliwe ngonyaka we-1920 kodwa alaphumanga laze lashicilelwa ngowe-1930.
Umchazamhlaba

Umchazamhlaba yisigaba solwazi oluphathelene nomhlaba esihlala kuwo nokuqonda izehlakalo zawo, umumo wawo nolwangu lwawo wawo, abahlala kuwo nesimongotho somhlaba. NgokoMchazamhlaba sibona "ukuhlukaniswa komhlaba" okuyizitho zomhlaba ezahlukahlukene. Lapho singabala khona ulwandle, umhlaba, izwekazi, umkhuluzwekazi ("*super-continent*"), izwe, isiqhingi ("*island*"), nokunye. Nakuba umchazamhlaba ugxile kakhulu eMhlabeni, kodwa izicabango eziningi zawo zingasetsuenziswa nakweminye ImiZulane.
Umchazamhlaba uluqeqesho okudala lwaba khona, kusuka endulo lapho abantu bezama ukuqonda indawo ebazungezile. AbaseBhabhiloni bazama ukuqonda umhlaba ngokudweba ibalazwe lawo. UEratosthenes waseCyrene, uyena obukwa njengengqalabutho yomchazamhlaba. Ukufika kwenkathi yokuvubukula kwenza umchazamhlaba wakhiqiza amabalazwe amaningi njengoba abahlwayi baseYurophu kwakudingeka badwebe amabalazwe ezindawo ezintsha abazihambele.

Izicabango eziyinhloko zomchazamhlaba zihlozinga isikhala, indawo, isikhathi nomlinganiso. Amagatsha ayinhloko omchazamhlaba wanamuhla ahlanganisa umchazamhlaba woqobo ihlozinge indawo yenvelo, umchazamhlaba womuntu ihlozinge endleleni abantu abananayo ngayo noMhlaba, nomchazamhlaba wobuchule uhlozinga ekuthuthukisweni kwezinsiza zokuqonda umchazamhlaba. Ubuchule obusetshenziswayo lapho kucwaningwa kwezomchazamhlaba buhlanganisa umchazabalazwe, ukuhlonga uqhelile, inhlolombono, nokuhloizwe.

## Izinhlobo zoMhlabasiqu
Izinhlobo zomhlabasiqu ziyizinhlobo zezinto ezenziwa wumhlaba, njengamagquma, izintaba, izigodi, njalonjalo. Nanti ezinye izibonelo ngezansi:

amaKhwanguqele ("*aeolian islands*")

amaThungulu ("*coasts*")

iMvuthuluka ("*erosion*")

iGudlumfula ("*fluvial erosion*")

amaGadlazwana ("*impact landforms*") 

imiGede ("*karsts*")

amaShezi ("*sedimentary rock formations*")

iziNtaba

iziThambeka ("*slopes*")

amaZabazaba ("*tectonic plates*")

iziNtshaba/iziNtabamlilo ("*volcanoes*")

uKhazenza ("*cryogenic weathering*")

uZulenza ("*weathering*")
Uhlakalwazi

Uhlakalwazi igama elisetshenziswa ukuchaza indlela umuntu awazi ngayo umhlaba. Kucubungula imibono, izinjulalwazi, nezinto azazi ngokuzizwa ekuphileni komuntu. Imvamisa wukuthi uhlakalwazi lunye olutholakele emphakathini othile ngenxa yokuthi abantu abahlala bendawonye bejwayele ukuba nezinhlobo zenhlalo ezifanayo okusho ukuthi banemikhuba yokwazi engase ifana kancane.

NgesiNgisi kuthiwa yi-“epistemology”.
Umgqagqa

**Umgqagqa** (Hyperoliidae) yiselesele.

*Umgqagqa i-Argusa (*[[Hyperolius argus]]*)
*Umgqagqa ka-Pickersgill (*[[Hyperolius pickersgilli]]*)
*Umgqagqa oluhlaza okotshania (*[[Hyperolius tuberilinguis]]*)
*Umgqagqa omkhulua (*[[Afrixalus fornasini]]*)
*Umgqagqa omude (*[[Hyperolius poweri]]*)
*Umgqagqa opendiwea (*[[Hyperolius marmoratus]]*)
*Umgqagqa othambile (*[[Afrixalus delicatus]]*)
*Umgqagqa oyigolide (*[[Afrixalus aureus]]*)
*Umgqagqa wemigqa ephuzi (*[[Hyperolius semidiscus]]*)
*Umgqagqa weminduzea (*[[Hyperolius pusillus]]*)

## Imithombo
Isinana

**Isinana** (Brevicipitidae) yiselesele.

*Isinana esimabhadubhadua (*[[Hemisus guttatus]]*)
*Isinana esipendiwe (*[[Hemisus marmoratus]]*)
*Isinana sakwaNdumo (*[[Breviceps passmorei]]*)
*Isinana sakwaPhinda (*[[Breviceps carruthersi]]*)
*Isinana sasehlathinia (*[[Breviceps adspersus]]*)
*Isinana saseMozambique (*[[Breviceps mossambicus]]*)
*Isinana sekhwela/Isinana somtshingo (*[[Breviceps sopranus]]*)
*Isinana sikaBilboa (*[[Breviceps bagginsi]]*)

## Imithombo
Idwi

**Idwi** (Pipidae) yiselesele.

*Idwi elijwayelekilea (*[[Xenopus laevis]]*)
*Idwi lika-Müller (*[[Xenopus muelleri]]*)

## Imithombo
Uvete

**Uvete** (Ptychadenidae) yiselesele.

*Uvete lwaseNileb (*[[Ptychadena nilotica]]*)
*Uvete olufishane (*[[Ptychadena taenioscelis]]*)
*Uvete olujwayelekile (*[[Ptychadena anchietae]]*)
*Uvete olunemigqaa (*[[Ptychadena porosissima]]*)
*Uvete olunempumulo ecijilea (*[[Ptychadena oxyrhynchus]]*)
*Uvete olunomugqa obanzi (*[[Ptychadena mossambica]]*)

## Imithombo
Ixoxo

**Ixoxo** (Bufonidae) yiselesele.

*Ixoxo elibomvu (*[[Schismaderma carens]]*)
*Ixoxo elifishane (*[[Poyntonophrynus fenoulheti]]*)
*Ixoxo elihlotshisiwe (*[[Hildebrandtia ornata]]*)
*Ixoxo eliklabalasayo (*[[Sclerophrys capensis]]*)
*Ixoxo eliluhlaza okotshani (*[[Sclerophrys garmani]]*)
*Ixoxo lembodlomane (*[[Sclerophrys gutturalis]]*)
*Ixoxo lomhlane oyisicaba (*[[Sclerophrys pusilla]]*)

## Imithombo
Umanswininiza

**Umanswininiza** (*Arthroleptis* spp.) yiselesele.

*Umanswininiza onyawo zingamafosholo (*[[Arthroleptis stenodactylus]]*)
*Umanswininiza wasehlathinia (*[[Arthroleptis wahlbergii]]*)

## Imithombo
Usomagwebu

**Usomagwebu** (*Chiromantis* spp.) yiselesele.

*Usomagwebu waseningizimua (*[[Chiromantis xerampelina]]*)

## Imithombo
Ukassina

**Ukassina** (*Kassina* spp.; *Phlyctimantis* spp.) yiselesele.

*Ukassina obhadlayoa (*[[Kassina senegalensis]]*)
*Ukassina wemilenze ebomvu (*[[Phlyctimantis maculatus]]*)

## Imithombo
Mosiuoa Lekota

**UMosiuoa Gerard Patrick Lekota** (owazalwa ngo-13 uNcwaba 1948) usopoliti waseNingizimu Afrika, osebenza njengoMongameli weCongress of the People kusukela ngomhlaka 16 uZibandlela 2008.
## Izinkomba
Beira

**IBeira** yisiqongo sesifundazwe se Sofala, eMozambiki. Leli dolobha yilona dolobha ekikhulu kunawo wonke kwisifundazwe se Sofala.

## Imithombo
Izifundazwe zase Zambiya

**[[IZambiya]]** inezifundazwe eziyishumi. Ngezansi uhlu lwezifundazwe zase Zambiya.

* Central
* Copperbelt
* Eastern
* Luapula
* Lusaka
* Muchinga
* North-Western
* Northern
* Southern
* Western
Tampere

**Tampere** iyidolobha lesibili ngobukhulu eFinland ngemuva kweHelsinki, inhloko-dolobha yaseFinland. Kukhona iphile mayelana 231 853 izakhamuzi (2017). Imizi yalo engumakhelwane kukhona Kangasala, Ylöjärvi, Nokia futhi Orivesi.
Lusaka

**ILusaka** yisiqongo futhi yilona dolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke amadolobha asezweni lase Zambiya. 

## Imithombo
Izifunda zase Zambiya

**IZambiya** inezifunda eziyi-117. Ngezansi uhlu lwezifunda zase Zambiya ngaphansi kwezifundazwe ezitholakala kuzona (2022).

## [[Central Province, Zambiya|Central]]

* Chibombo
* Chisamba
* Chitambo
* Itezhi-Tezhi
* Kabwe
* Kapiri Mposhi
* Luano
* Mkushi
* Ngabwe
* Serenje
* Shibuyunji

## [[Copperbelt Province|Copperbelt]]

* Chililabombwe
* Chingola
* Kalulushi
* Kitwe
* Luanshya
* Lufwanyama
* Masaita
* Mpongwe
* Mufulira
* Ndola

## [[Eastern Province, Zambiya|Eastern]]

* Chadiza
* Chasefu
* Chipangali
* Chipata
* Kasenengwa
* Katete
* Lumezi
* Lundazi
* Mambwe
* Lusangazi
* Nyimba
* Petauke
* Sinda
* Vubwi

## [[Luapula Province|Luapula]]

* Chembe
* Chiengi
* Chifunabuli
* Chipili
* Kawambwa
* Lunga
* Mansa
* Milenge
* Mwansabombwe
* Mwense
* Nchelenge
* Samfya

## [[Lusaka Province|Lusaka]]

* Chilanga
* Chirundu
* Chongwe
* Kafue
* Luangwa
* Lusaka
* Rufunsa

## [[Muchinga Province|Muchinga]]

* Chama
* Chinsali
* Chilinda
* Isoka
* Kanchibiya
* Lavushimanda
* Mafinga
* Mpika
* Nakonde
* Shiwang'andu

## [[Northern Province, Zambiya|Northern]]

* Chilubi
* Kaputa
* Kasama
* Lunte
* Lupososhi
* Luwingu
* Mbala
* Mporokoso
* Mpulungu
* Mungwi
* Nsama
* Senga District

## [[North-Western Province, Zambiya|North-Western]]

* Chavuma
* Ikelenge
* Kabompo
* Kasempa
* Kalumbila
* Manyinga
* Mufumbwe
* Mushindamo
* Mwinilunga
* Solwezi
* Zambezi

## [[Southern Province, Zambiya|Southern]]

* Chikankata
* Choma
* Gwembe
* Kalombo
* Kazungula
* Livingstone
* Mazubuka
* Monze
* Namwala
* Pemba
* Siavonga
* Sonazongwe
* Zimba

## [[Western Province, Zambiya|Western]]

* Kalabo
* Kaoma
* Limulunga
* Luampa
* Lukulu
* Mitete
* Mongu
* Mulobezi
* Mwandi
* Nalolo
* Nkeyema
* Senanga
* Sesheke
* Shang'ombo
* Sikongo
* Sioma

## Imithombo
Izifunda zase Butswana

IButswana inezifunda eziyi-17. Ngezansi uhlu lwezifunda zase Butswana. 

* Gaborone
* Francistown
* Lobatse
* Selebi-Phikwe
* Jwaneng
* Orapa
* Sowa
* Southern District
* South-East District
* Kweneng District
* Kgatleng District
* Central District, Butswana
* North-East District
* North-West District
* Chobe District
* Ghanzi District
* Kgalagadi District
Francistown, Butswana

**IFrancistown** yidolobha lase Butswana. Leli dolobha lilandela IGaborone ngobukhulu benani labantu.

## Imithombo
Izifundazwe zase Namibhiya

''Izwe lase Namibhiya linezifundazwe eziyi-14. 

# Kunene Region
# Omusati Region
# Oshana Region
# Ohangwena Region
# Oshikoto Region
# Kavango West
# Kavango East
# Zambezi Region
# Erongo Region
# Otjozondjupa Region
# Omaheke Region
# Khomas Region
# Hardap Region
# ǁKaras Region
Shakawe

**IShakawe** yisigodi esikwisifunda se North-West, eButswana. Inani labantu abahlala kulesigodi ngonyaka ka-2011 kwakuyizi-7,506.

## Imithombo
Reik

**UReik** yibhande laseMexico Latin pop, elenzelwa uJesús Alberto Navarro Rosas, uJulio Ramírez Eguía noGilberto “Bibi” Marín.

**UReik** yiqembu lomculo elinemvelaphi yalo ngo-2003, ngo-Okthoba 8, 2018 kanye neqembu laseSouth Korea iSuper Junior, ikhishwe i-One More Time (Ibuye), enevidiyo yomculo eshicilelwe ku-YouTube yi-akhawunti yi-SM Entertaiment efakwe kwi-albhamu yeSuper Junior mini enesihloko esithi Kunye futhi.