open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Isidando sezimali

**Izidando zezimali** (noma **imibiko yezezimali** ) ziyiziqoshwa ezisemthethweni zobuqhebeqhebe bezezimali nesimo somhwebo, umuntu, noma umenzo.

Ukwaziswa okufanele kwezezimali  kwethulwa ngendlela ehlelekile futhi ngendlela okulula ukuyiqonda. Ngokuvamile zihlanganisa izidando zezimali ezine eziyisisekelo   ezihambisana nengxoxo nesihlaziyo sabaphathi: 

# Isicwecwe semali sibika ngengcebo yenkampani, izimelo, nesilumelo sabanikazi ngesikhathi esithile.
# Isidando sengenisomali sibika ngengenisomali yenkampani, izindleko, nenzuzo esikhathini esichaziwe. Isidando senzuzo nenhlulo sazisa mayelana nokugidinga komhwebo Lokhu kufaka phakathi intengiso kanye nezindleko ezihlukahlukene ezitholwe ngesikhathi esishiwo.
# Isidando sezinguquko zesilumelo sibika mayelana nezinguquko sezilumelosenkampani esikhathini esishiwo.
# Isidando sokugobhoza kwemali sibika ngobuqhebeqhebe bokugobhoza kwemali yenkampani, ikakhulukazi ukusebenza kwayo, utshalomali kanye nokuxhasa ngezimali imisebenzi ethile sikhathini esishiwo.
	
Ngokuphawulekayo, isicwecwe sezimali simelela isifinyezo sesikhathi, kuyilapho isidando sengenisomali, isidando sokuguquka kwesilumelo, nesidando sokugobhoza kwemali ngakunye kumelela ubuqhebeqhebe phakathi nenkathi yokudandanisa. Ngokuqonda izidando zokusebenza ezibalulekile ngaphakathi kwesicwecwe sezimali, abanikazi bomhwebo kanye nezingxwepheshi zezezimali, bayakwazi ukwenza izinqumo eziphusile eziqhuba ukukhula nokuzinza.
Isimelo (kwezezimali)

Kwezodandaniswa kwezezimali, **isimelo** siwumngakonani wenani elikweletwa ngumenzo wezezimali. Ngokobuchule, siyinani umenzo othile okulindeleke ukuba ulikhiphe esikhathini esizayo ukuze wanelise isibopho samanje esivela ezenzakalweni ezedlule.  Inani elikhishwayo ukuze kukhokhelwe isimelo lingase libe yingcebo ezodluliselwa noma inkonzo ezokwenziwa.
Isilumelo

Kwezezimali, **Isilumelo** siyingxenye yobunikazi empahleni, okuyisona esingase sifakwe ngaphansi kwezikweletu noma ezinye izimelo . Lapho isilumelo silinganiselwa izinjongo zokudandanisa, kususwa izimelo enanini lengcebo ephethwe. Ngokwesibonelo, uma othile enemoto ebiza izi-R24,000 futhi ekweleta izi-R10,000 emalini ebolekiwe esetshenziselwa ukuthenga imoto, umehluko wezi-R14,000 uyisilumelo sakhe emotweni. Isilumelo singasebenza nakuleyo ngcebo eyodwa, njengemoto noma indlu, noma kuwo wonke umhwebo. Umhwebo okudingeka uqale noma unwebe ukugidinga kwawo ungathengisa isilumelo sawo ukuze uqoqe imali engeke ibuyiselwe.

Uma izimelo ezinanyathiselwe nengcebo zeqa inani layo, umehluko ubizwa ngokuthi ukusilela. Kwezezimali zikahulumeni noma ezinhlanganweni ezingenzi nzuzo, isilumelo saziwa ngokuthi isamba sengcebo.
Ukusophela

**Ukusophela** noma **umsophelo**, kuwukulungela ukuhambisana nomthetho, ofana nesiyalezo, inqubomgomo, indinganiso noma umthetho. Ukusophela ngokwesiko kuye kwachazwa ngokuphathelela  umchachiso wokuvimbela, othi ukujezisa ukuziphatha okubi kuzonciphisa ukuphulwa komthetho kokubili komenzi wobubi (ukuvimbela okukhethekile) kanye nabanye (ukuvimbela jikelele). Lo mbono usekelwe umchachiso wezomnotho, osebenzisa isijeziso sezindleko futhi ochaza umsophelo ngokwesilinganiso sezindlekomvuzo (Becker 1968). Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwezomqondo mayelana nogqozi lunikeza omunye umbono: othi ukuphana ngemiklomelo (Deci, Koestner noRyan, 1999) noma ukugixabeza ngezinhlawulo (Gneezy Rustichini 2000) ngenxa yokuziphatha okuthile kuwuhlobo lwesisusa sangaphandle esenza buthaka ugqozi lwangaphakathi futhi ekugcineni lubukele phansi umsophelo.

**Ukusophela imithetho** kuchaza impokophelo abantu nezinhlangano ezifisa ukuyifeza emizamweni yazo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi ziyazi futhi zithatha izinyathelo zokusophela imithetho, izinqubomgomo, nezimiso ezifanele .  Ngenxa yokwanda kwenani lemithetho kanye nesidingo sokusebenza obala, izinhlangano ziya ngokuya zamukela ukusetshenziswa kwamaqoqo alawula umsophelo ahlanganisiwe navumelanisiwe.  Le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izidingo zezokubusa eziyindingeko kuhlangatshezwana nazo ngaphandle kokunyaliza imizamo nobuqhebqhebe bezinsiza ngokungenasidingo.

Izinhlangano ezilawulayo nezigunyaza ziyahlukahluka ngokwemikhakha ehlukene, ngokwesibonelo, kukhona Umlawuli Wokuphatha Emkhakheni Wezimali (FSCA), IBhangengodla laseNingizimu Afrika (SARB), Umlawuli kaZwelonke wezikweletu (NCR), IKhomishana Yezinkampani Nobuciko bomqondo (CIPC), kanye noMthetho Wesikhungo Sezobunhloli Kwezezimali (FICA)

Ezinye izinhlangano zigcina imininingo yomsophelo—yonke imininingo ephathelene nomhwebo noma edingekayo ngokomthetho, engasetshenziselwa injongo yokusebenzisa noma yokuqinisekisa umsophelo—igcinwa esiqoqongeleni esihlukile ukuze kube lula ukubika. Ihlelokusebenza lomsophelo yinto esetshenziswayo ukuze isize izinkampani zilawule imininingo yazo yomsophelo ngokuphumelelayo. Lesi siqoqongelo singabandakanya iziqaqululo, ukufufukisa imininingo, nemikhondo yokucubungula amabhuku .
Ben Shabalala

u-ben shabalala wayeyilungu le-black mambazo.

UBen shabalala wayishiya i-black mambazo. ubenegalelo elikhulu eqenjini
Ukuqhogoya

**Ukuqhogoya** kuyisenzo noma inqubo yokwethula umfeketho, umbukiso, noma olunye uhlobo lokunandisa. Kubuye kuchasiswe njengesenzo noma inqubo yokugununda noma ukufeza isenzo, umsebenzi, noma umsebenzi.

Ukuqhogoya sekuthuthukile emhlabeni jikelele, kusuka emicikilishweni yakudala kufika endleleni yesimanje yobuciko.
Ukudandaniswa kwezimali

**Ukudandanisa izimali** (noma **umdandaniso wemali**) igatsha  lomdandaniso eliphathelene nesifinyezo, isihlaziyo kanye nokubikwa kokunanana ngezimali okuhlobene nomhwebo.  Lokhu kubandakanya ukulungiswa kwezidando zezimali ezitholakalayo ukuze zisetshenziswe umphakathi. Ababambizabelo, abahlinzeki, amabhange, abasebenzi, izikhungo zikahulumeni, osomhwebo, nabanye ababambiqhaza bayizibonelo zabantu abathanda ukuthola ukwaziswa okunjalo ngezinjongo zokwenza izinqumo.

Ukudandanisa imali kulawulwa yizindinganiso zokubalwa kwezimali zasendaweni nezamazwe ngamazwe. Uhlaka oluyindinganiso yeziqondiso ezamukelwe zokudandanisa (GAAP) lusetshenziswa wonke umhlaba. Luhlanganisa izindinganiso, izivumelwano nemithetho elandelwa abadandanisi lapho beqopha futhi befinyeza uma belungisa izidando zezimali.

Kwelinye icala, Izindanganisi Zokubika Ngezimali zamaZwe *(IFRS)*ziyiqoqo lezindinganiso zokudandanisa ezichaza izindlela zokubika iminanomali enhlobonhlobo uma kwenziwa izidando zezimali.

Nakuba ukudandanisa imali kusetshenziswa lapho kwenziwa ukwaziswa kokudandanisa kwabantu abangekho enhlanganweni noma abangazibandakanyi nokusebenza kwansuku zonke kwenkampani, Ukudandanisa kwabaphathi kuhlinzeka abaphathi ngokwaziswa kokudandanisa okuzobalekelela ukwenza izinqumo zomhwebo.
Indayi yomnanamali

**Indayi yomnanamali** ( noma **indayi kokunanana ngemali** ) iyindayi yomhlaba wonke enyombanisiwe yokuhweba ngezimali . Le ndayi inquma izilinganiso zokunanana zamazwe zalo lonke uhlobo lwemali. Ngomthamo wokuhweba, iyindayi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ilandelwa yindayi yezikweletu . 

Abahlanganyeli abayinhloko ngamabhange amakhulu omhlaba . Izikhungo zezimali zisebenza njengezikhonkwane zokuhweba phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zabathengi nabathengisi ubusuku nemini, ngaphandle kwezimpelaviki. Njengoba izimali zihlala zihwetshwa ngambili, indayi ayibeki inani eliphelele lohlobo lwemali, kodwa kunalokho inquma inani layo elicakathene ngokuhlela intengo yendayi yemali eyodwa uma ikhokhelwa ngenye. Isibonelo: I-USD eyodwa ibiza i-Euros eli-1.1 noma i-Swiss Francs njll. Indayi isebenza ngezikhungo zezezimali futhi isebenza ngamazinga amaningana.
Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma

UJacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma, owazalwa ngomhlaka-12 kuNhlaba 1942 ungusopolitiki waseNingizimu Afrika owayengumongameli wesine waseNingizimu Afrika kusukela ngo-2009 kuya ku-2018. Uphinde abizwe ngamagama akhe okuqala JZ namagama omndeni **UNxamalala** noMsholozi. UZuma wayengumshisekeli omelene Ubandlululo, ilungu le-UMkhonto weSizwe, futhi wayengumongameli we-I-African National Congress (ANC) kusukela ngo-2007 kuya ku-2017. Uphinde abe ngumkhwenyana wenkosi yase-ISwatini, UMswati III, kusukela ngo-2024.   

UZuma wazalelwa esifundeni sasemaphandleni saseNkandla, manje esiyingxenye yesifundazwe saKwaZulu-Natal futhi esikhungweni sokusekela uZuma. Wajoyina i-ANC eneminyaka engu-17 ngo-1959 futhi wachitha iminyaka eyishumi Ijele LaseRobben Island njengesiboshwa sezombusazwe. Waya ekudingisweni ngo-1975 futhi ekugcineni wamiswa njengenhloko yomnyango wobuhloli we-ANC. Ngemva kokuba i-ANC ingavinjelwe ngo-1990, ngokushesha wakhuphuka ebuholini bezwe futhi waba yiphini likanobhala jikelele ngo-1991, usihlalo kazwelonke ngo-1994, nephini likamongameli ngo-1997. Wayeyiphini likamongameli waseNingizimu Afrika kusukela ngo-1999 kuya ku-2005 ngaphansi kukaMongameli UThabo Mbeki, owalandela UNelson Mandela. UMbeki waxosha uZuma ngo-14 kuNhlangulane 2005 ngemuva kokuba umeluleki wezezimali kaZuma, UShabir Shaik, egwetshwe ngecala lokukhokha inkhohlakalo kuZuma maqondana ne-Arms Deal. UZuma bamangalelwe ngenkohlakalo futhi wakhululwa namacala okudlwengula ecaleni lika-2006 elaziwa kakhulu. Wakwazi ukugcina ukusekelwa komfelandawonye wangakwesobunxele ngaphakathi kwe-ANC, okwamvumela ukuba asuse uMbeki njengomongameli we-ANC ngoZibandlela 2007 engqungqutheleni yokukhetha ye-ANC ePolokwane.

Unabafowabo  abathathu - uMichael, uJoseph, noKhanya - futhi o unodadewabo oyedwa - uVelephi. UMichael Zuma wayeqashwe yi-Yenza Property Services, inkampani yokwakha, futhi ngo-2011 wavuma ukuthi wasebenzisa isimo sikahulumeni somfowabo omdala uJacob ukuze athole inkontileka kahulumeni yenkampani ngokushintshanisa ngendawo yokuhlala eNkandla.
ISydney Kentridge

**USir Sydney Woolf Kentridge** KCMG KC  I-SCOB (owazalwa ngo-5 November 1922) ungumumeli owazalelwa eNingizimu Afrika, uyijaji futhi uyilungu le-Bar yaseNgilandi naseWales. Wayesebenza njengomumeli eNingizimu Afrika nase-I-United Kingdom kusukela ngawo-1940 kwaze kwaba yilapho ethatha umhlalaphansi ngo-2013. ENingizimu Afrika, wadlala indima eyinhloko ezinhlobeni eziningi zezombusazwe ezibaluleke kakhulu enkathini yobandlululo, kufaka phakathi i-Treason Trial UNelson Mandela kanye nokuphenya ngo-1978 ngokufa kukaSteve Biko. UmkaKentridge, UFelicia Kentridge, naye wayengumumeli oholayo omelene nobandlululo.

UKentridge wazalwa ngo-1922 eGoli, indodana yomumeli ongumJuda futhi ongusombusazwe waseLithuania uMorris Kentridge (ozalwa nguKantrovitch; 1881-1964). USydney Kentridge wafunda eGoli King Edward VII School, ngaphambi kokufunda e-University of Witwatersrand. Wathola iziqu ngo-1942, futhi wakhonza phakathi IMpi Yezwe Yesibili njengesikhulu sobuhloli eButhweni laseNingizimu Afrika IMpumalanga Afrika nase-Italy. Ngemva kwempi, wafunda e-Exeter College, e-Oxford, ngesibonelelo sesosha langaphambili, futhi waphothula nge-BA ye-first-class ku-Jurisprudence ngo-1948.

Ngo-1949, ngemuva kokusebenza isikhashana njengonobhala wejaji, uKentridge wamukelwa njengomumeli INkantolo Ephakeme YaseNingizimu Afrika. Wakhethwa njengoMumeli Omkhulu ngo-1965. Waba ngumumeli oholayo ekuvikeleni amacala ezombusazwe eNingizimu Afrika, namanye amacala akhe amakhulu ahlanganisa i-Treason Trial (1956-61), lapho avikela khona UNelson Mandela, kanye ne-Jison Trial (1968-69). Umphikisi oqinile Ubandlululo, uKentridge wamelela abathathu abawinile uMklomelo kaNobel Peace Prize ngesikhathi somsebenzi wakhe - uMandela, UDesmond Tutu no-U-Albert Luthuli.

Ngo-1978, wamelela umndeni womshisekeli omelene nobandlululo UStephen Biko ekuphenyeni ngemuva kokufa kukaBiko ejele ngamaphoyisa ngo-12 September 1977. "Kukhona ubufakazi obungenakuphikiswa," UKentridge wathi phakathi nokuphenya, "ukuthi...Mnu Biko wangena egunjini lokuphenya ephila futhi ephilile...[kodwa] waphuma ephazamisekile ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Wafa ngokufa okudabukisayo nokwedelela phansi kwejele elibandayo. "U.Lord Alexander waseWeedon wabhala ngokusebenza kwakhe: "Ngokuhlolwa okubulalayo nokusheshayo, ngezinye izikhathi ngokuhlekisa okuphazamisayo, uKentridge wasungula ukuthi umsungu we-Black Conscious Movement wabulawa ngonya ngamaphoyisa uFy.[but]
Ngizwe Munu

UMchunu wayengumsakazi wokhozi FM we-SABC kodwa waxoshwa ngemuva kokwephula inqubomgomo yobumfihlo ngokwabelana ngolwazi lwesiteshi esizimele obala. Ngemva kokuxoshwa kwakhe, waqala isiteshi sakhe somsakazo ku-inithanethi i-Ngizwe Mchunu FM, esisakaza okokuqala ngo-09:00-23:00 ngomhlaka14 kuNhlangulana 2019.

## Impikiswano Yobulili Abengi
UMchunu wazama ukushada nabesifazane abathathu. Nakuba isimiso somthetho saseNingizimu Afrika sivumela imishado Isithembu ngaphansi kwe-Recognition of Customary Marriages Act, lokho kufanele kwenziwe ngokuvumelana namasiko aqashelwayo, uMchunu angazange alandele.PDF] The Validity of a Customary Marriage under the Recognition of Customary Marriages Act 120 of 1998 with Reference to Section 3 (1)(b) and 7 (6) Part 2

Umkakhe wokuqala, uSiphelele Nxumalo, wamusa enkantolo ngo-2014 emzamweni wokuqeda umshado wakhe wesizwe nomkakhe wesithathu, uFloda Mthimkhulu. Imishado yakhe nomlingani wakhe wesibili uLindiwe Khuzwayo nomlingani wakwe wesithathu uFloda yavalwa yinkantolo ngoba uMchunu akazange ahambisane nenye yezimfuneko zemishado yendabuko yase-Afrika, ebeka ukuthi noma iyiphi indoda efuna ukuthatha omunye umfazi kufanele iqale yenze isicelo enkantolo ukuze ivume isivumelwano esibhaliwe esilawula isimiso sempahla yomshado yesikhathi esizayo semishado.
Phola park

**Phola Park** ise Thokoza, elokishini elise Ekurhuleni, Gauteng. Yilokishi elaqala ngemikhukhu, eyayibizwa nge Dunusa. Yaqanjwa ngaleligama ngoba kwakuyindawo eyayingenazo izindawo zangasese.

## Izikole
Azikho izikole kulendawo kepha basebenzisa lezikole zase Thokoza:

* Buhlebuzile
* Thoko-Thaba
* Umkhathizwe
* Landulwazi
* Setsing
* Nqubela
Umabo

**Umabo** wusiko olubalulekile kakhulu esikweni lamaZulu. Kukholelwa ukuthi umuntu akashadile uma isiko lomabo lingalandelwanga ngendlela eqondile, indlela yokushweleza abhaphansi. Lomshado uyenziwa ekhaya lomdeni waka mkhwenyana, umakoti uzophuma ekuseni ekhaya lakubho eya kumndeni wakhe omusha. Kulendlela umakoti uphelezwa nguyise wakhe, uyise usuke abiza izithakazelo zomdeni ukutshela amadlozi ukuthi intombi seyithathiwe ngumdeni omusha. 

## Inkomba
Ngaphezu Kwamazwi : Ulimi Lwezandla, Ulwazi Lobuchwepheshe kanye Nokulwa Nokulingana Kolwimi eNingizimu Afrika

**[[Ulimi lwezandla lwaseningizimu Afrika]]** , ulimi oluyisisekelo olusetshenziswa umphakathi weziThulu eNingizimu Afrika futhi lwamukelwa njengolunye lwezilimi ezisemthethweni zakuleli. Iwulimi oluhlukile olubonwayo olunohlelo lwalo lolimi nolwazimagama, olungazimele ezilimini ezikhulunywayo njengesiNgisi noma isiBhunu.    

## Ulimi Lwezandla Ezikoleni:
Ezweni lapho amalungelo olimi ehambisana nomthethosisekelo, ukuthula kusalokhu kungenye yezindlela ezizwakala kakhulu zokuvalela ngaphandle. Umfundi oyisithulu wasemaphandleni aseNingizimu Afrika angase ahlale ekilasini ngaphandle kothisha olwazi kahle uLimi Lwezandla LwaseNingizimu Afrika ( SASL ).  Ukuhlonishwa ngokusemthethweni kwe-**SASL** ngo-2023 kwaba umlando. Emphakathini oyizithulu, kwaphawula ukuqinisekiswa okwase kudlule isikhathi eside kobunikazi bezilimi nesithunzi samasiko. Kodwa ekusebenzeni, kusho ukuthini uma izilimi zezandla zihlala zibandlululwa kwezemfundo, abezindaba kanye nezikhala zedijithali?

Igebe phakathi kwenqubomgomo kanye neqiniso ku:

# Amakilasi
# Izinkantolo
# Izinkonzo Zomphakathi

## REFERENCES:
Ukukhulelwa kwentsha eNingizimu Afrika

**INingizimu Afrika** isaqhubeka nokubona ukwanda kokukhulelwa kwentsha ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya.

### Izindawo zasemaphandleni ezinamacala amaningi

* Kwa-zulu Natal
* Limpopo
* Mpumalanga
* Eastern Cape

### Izinto ezibangela ukukhulelwa kwentsha

* **Amantombazane** asemancane ayeka isikole kusenesikhathi, ngenxa yezithiyo zezomnotho kanye ukusebenza kabi kwesikole;
* Amantombazane asemancane akhulela ezindaweni ezinobumpofu obugxilile;
* Amathuba amaningi okuxoxa ngocansi lapho amazinga aphezulu okucwaswa ngentsha  ubulili buvama, okuholela ezikhala olwazini nasekufinyeleleni izinto zokuvimbela inzalo;
* Amadoda athatha izinqumo ngocansi ezimeni lapho, isibonelo, abesifazane abasebasha  ukubandakanyeka ebudlelwaneni bamandla angalingani ngokuvamile okuholela ekungavikelweni nokuphoqwa  ucansi;
* Abesifazane abasebasha abampofu abavame ukwenza ‘uhwebo’ phakathi kwezempilo kanye  ukuphepha kwezomnotho, okungaholela ekubeni uhlale ebudlelwaneni obuhlukumezayo, phakathi kwezizukulwane  ubudlelwano nabalingani abaningi; lezi zimo ngokuvamile zinciphisa abesifazane abasha  ikhono lokuxoxisana nini futhi kanjani ucansi.

## Izithenjwa
Ubhontshisi

**Ubhontshisi** okwiyisishebo esivumiwe ekuqedeni indlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Kwizindawo eziningi ezingaphansi kwesifunda saso**[[Khahlamba]]** zinamasimu amaningi awo ubhontshisi. Indawo yasoKhahlamba inamaplazi amaningi avuelela abantu abaningi amathuba omsebenzi ngezikhathi zokuvuna.. '''Uthukela District municipality''' uyagqugquzela kuthi intsha ingenelele ekuletheni intuthuko emphakathini kanye nasekusizeni sixoshe ububha emphakathini. Phansi kwalesisifunda kunezigodi ezahlukahlukene njenge Rookdale, Amazizi,Emmause zonke lezizigodi zibambisene ekuqedeni ububha nenhlupheko. Isgodi ngasinye sinamaplazi aso alekelela ekutheni intsha ithole amathuba omsebenzi. Intsha iyayalelwa ukuba ibe nothando kwezolimo ngoba ziyasiza ekukhuliseni ikhono lokwelima kanye nasekugqugquzeleni ubambisano ekulwisaneni nentuthuko emphakathini naseMkhandlwini wesifunda sasoThukela.

### INKOMBA

### Buthelezi, Nhlanhla Kenneth. ''Factors influencing the operational performance of co-operatives in South Africa: a case study of uThukela District Municipality''. Diss. 2020
Ukuyeka Kwabafundi Abenza Unyaka Wokuqala eNyuvesi eNingizimu Afrika

**Abafundi abenza unyaka wokuqala emanyuvesi [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|eNingizimu Afrika]]**, babhekana nezinqinamba ezahlukahlukene. Okuye kudale sebegcina beyeka isikole phakathi nonyaka. Yize amanyuvesi ezama ukubalekelela ezinkingeni abaye behlangabezane nazo, akusi wona wonke umuntu ogcina esizakele. Iningi labafundi liyeka nge semester lesibili, lokhu kudalwa ukungazithembi kwabo emuva kokuphuma kwemiphumela yabo uma bengenzanga kahle. Amanyuvesi ayaye anikeze abafundi ithuba lokubhala kwesibili uma bengenzanga kahle ekuqaleni phecelezi second oppoturnity exams. 

### Izizathu ezidala abafundi bayeke esikolweni:

* Ukungajabuli kwabafundi ngenyuvesi
* Ukukhetha ukufundela isifundo abangasithandi
* Izinkinga zemali
* Ukungenzi kahle ezifundweni zabo

Ukungajabuli kwabafundi ngenyuvesi kungadalwa ulwazi abafundi abaluthola ngenkathi befika enyuvesi. Esikhathini esiningi ulwazi oluningi abafundi baluthola ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Lokhu kuyaye kube nomthelela esinqumeni abasithathayo uma bekhetha inyuvesi abaya kuyona. Abantu abahlukahlukeni emhlabeni jikelele banezinkolelo ezithile abakholelwa kuzona. Kwesinye isikhathi ufika endaweni entsha enenkolelo ehlukile kuneyakho ongahambiselani nayo kuyadala ukuthi ungabi nenjabulo.

ukukhetha ukufundela isifundo abangasithandi kudalwa ukuzama ukugwema ukuhlala ekhaya uma abafundi sebephothule umatekuletsheni. Abafundi abaningi bayaye bazithole sebefundela into abangayithandi, okuye kudale sebegcina beyeka phakathi nonyaka. Ukufundela into ongayithandi akulethi injabulo emtwini. Ngoba inhloso kuba ukufunda ngoba uqhuba isikhathi. Abanye bayakwenza ngoba kunenkolelo yokuthi uma usungaphakathi enyuvesi lokhu kukhuphuma amathuba yokuthathwa esifundweni othanda ukusifundeela.

Abafundi baphuma emakhaya angafani. Iningi labafundi luthola uxhaso ngokukhokhela izifundo zabo ngu-NSFAS. Loluxhaso lunezidingo ezithile okudingeka abafundi bazihlangabeze uma befunda. Ukuhluleka ukuhlangabezana nalezi zidingo kubafundi kuyaye kudale ukuthi abafundi balahlekelwe yiloluxhaso. Ukulahlekelwa wuxhaso kuyaphoqa abafundi ukuthi bagcine sebeyeka phakathi nonyaka.

Ukungenzi kahle ezifundweni kwabafundi kudalwa ukungabi nothando esifundweni abasenzayo. Lokhu kuyaye kugcine kwenze umuntu angasabi nokuzithemba. Abanye bayaye basabe ukuphindela emuva beyobhala kabusha izivivinyo zabo. Ukungaphindeli uyobhala kuba nomthelela omubi ngoba ugcine usufeyila

## References
Ukubulawa kwabantu besimame kanye nezingane e Ningizimu Africa

**Ukubulawa kwabantu besifazane nabantwana e Ningizimu Africa** sekwaba inhlalayenza, abantwana abasaphephile ngisho emakhaya uma bengaphephile emakhaya bazophepha kuphi? Abanu abasazi nokuthi babalekele kuphi ngoba ngisho namaphoyisa okumele avikele isizwe ahudula izinyawo.Iqembu lepolitiki Democratic Alliance (DA) yakhipha izibalo ezesabekayo kusukela ngo Julayi kuya ku Septhemba ngezinga lokukhuphuka kobugebengu labantwana nabesimame abahlaselwa besemakhaya. Ezinyangeni ezintathu:

* abantwana abayi 135 babulawa,
* abantwana abawu 490 nabayi 11944 babulawa ngendlela yokukhishwa izicubu zomzimba 
* abangu- 957 babulawa kodwa abayi 106 babulawa ngabantu abahlekisana nabo.                                                                                          Amacala angu 10 191 abikwa kwaku awokundlwengula enza amaphesenti ayi- 43% (702) babeyizisulu sokuhlukunyezwa ngabantu abahlekisana nabo labantu besifazane, babulawa ngabantu besilisa abathandana noma abashade nabo ngoba befuna kuthi babathobele benganqabi ukwenza nabo ucansi. Amacala angu-106 okudlwengungulwa enzeka ezindaweni zokufundela  kanye nasezinkulisa abangu-90 abafundi basezikoleni kanye nabangu-6 abafundi basenyuvesi.

Ngesikhathi abantu base Ningizimu Africa behlukumezeka ngenxa yodlame kumele sikhumbule ukuthi izingane nabantu besifazane badinga ukuvikelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kakhulukazi ezindaweni zokufundela nasemakhaya. UHulumeni  kanye nabantu besizwe kufanele bavikele abantu besifazane nezingane ngaso sonke  ngoba izingane ziyikusasa lesizwe nabantu besifazane bayizimbali zezwe lakithi. Asibuyise ubuntu eNingizimu Africa.
Umnanazabelo

**Umnanazabelo (**noma **ukunanana izabelo)** ukunanana okwenzeka lapho abathengisi bezabelo nabahwebi bezabelo bethenga futhi bedayisa khona izibambiselo, ezifana nezabelo, amabhondi nezinye izisetshenziswa zezimali . Iminanazabelo ingase ihlinzeke ngamalungiselelo okukhishwa kanye nokuhlengwa kwalezo zibambiselo nezinsiza nezehli zemali ezihlanganisa ukukhokhwa kwemalingeniso nemihlomulo. Izibambiselo okuhwetshwa ngazo emnanazabelo zifaka phakathi izabelo ezikhishwe izinkampani ezisohlwini, izivivane, okuphuma ku-derivatives, imikhiqizo yokutshalwa kwezimali ehlanganisiwe namabhondi. Imnanazabelo ivame ukusebenza njengezindayi "zendayiso eqhubekayo" ezinabathengi nabathengisi abaqeda ukuthengiselana ngokumemeza besendaweni eyodwa noma ngokusebenzisa uhlelo kwamazuba ukuze badludlunge ukuthengiselana kwezezimali.
Intengo

**Intengo** iyinani lenkokhelo noma isinxephezelo elilindelekile, elifunekayo, noma elinikezwa ofanele njengembuyiselo yezingudla noma izinkonzo . Kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi uma umkhiqizo kuyinkonzo ungeyona into ophathekayo, intengo yenkonzo ingase ibizwe ngelinye igama njengokuthi "imali yokuqasha" noma "imali ekhokhwayo".  Izintengo zithonywa izindleko zokukhiqiza, ukuhlinzekwa komkhiqizo ofunwayo, kanye nengqekelelo yomkhiqizo. Intengo ingase inqunywe umdlayedwa noma ingase igixabezwe enkampanini yizimo zendayi.

## Umsebenzi wentengo
NgokukaMilton Friedman, intengo inemisebenzi emihlanu kwezomnotho ogcwele imihwebo ekhululekile futhi owaziwa ngobunikazi bangasese bezinsiza zokukhiqiza.

Ukufufukisa ukwaziswa ngezinguquko zokubaluleka kwezingudla ezihlukene kanye nezici zomkhiqizo.
Ukuhlinzeka umhwebo ngenzuzo (a) ukuze ukhiqize imikhiqizo enesizima kakhulu endayini (b) ukuze usebenzise izindlela zokukhiqiza ezonga izici zomkhiqizo eziyinqabakutholwa.
Ukuhlinzeka ngenzuzo abanini bezinsizakusebenza ukuze bazisebenzise ukwenza imali
Ukusabalalisa iziphumo kubanini bezinsizakusebenza
Ukuphathwa kwengcebo

**Ukuphathwa kwengcebo** kuyindlela ehlelekile kwezokuphatha kanye nokutholwa kwalo lonke inani iqembu noma inkampani enesibopho salo. Ukuphatha kwengcebo kungase kusebenze kokubili kwingcebo ebambekayo (izinto ezibonakalayo ezifana nemikhando yokukhiqiza, ingqalasizinda, izakhiwo noma amathuluzi) nakwingcebo engaphatheki (efana nobuciko bomqondo, inhloso enhle noma ingcebo yezezimali ). Ukuphathwa kwengxebo kuyinqubo ehlelekile yokuthuthukisa, ukugidinga, ukunakekela, ukuphefukisa, kanye nokulahlwa kwengcebo ngendlela engabizi kakhulu (okuhlanganisa zonke izindleko, ubungozi, nezibaluli zokuqhogoya).
Ukudliwa kwengcebo

**Ukudliwa kwengcebo** noma **ukushaqwa kwengcebo** kuwuhlobo lokuthathwa  kwengcebo yiziphathimandla . ENingizimu Afrika, kuwuhlobo lwesibopho sezezimali sobulungiswa bobugebengu . Ngokuvamile kusebenza kuleyo ngcebo okusolwayo ukuthi kungenzeka iyizithelo zobugebengu. Ingcebo ishaqelwa labo abathinteka kwezobuphekula, ubugebengu obuhlobene nezidakamizwa, namanye amacala obugebengu kanye nawomphakathi.
Umxabokaningi

**Umxabokaningi** (noma **umxabokabili**) uyindlelasu yokuqinisekisa kwezingabazuba lapho umsebenzisi evunyelwa ukufikelela kwisizindalwebu noma ihlelokusebenza ngemva kokwethula ngempumelelo izinhlobo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezihlukene zobufakazi (noma izici ) endleleni yokuqinisekisa . Umxabokabili uvikela imininingo yomuntu siqu —ehlanganise ubuhlonzi bomuntu siqu noma ingcebo yezezimali —ukuba ingafinyelelwa abantu abangagunyaziwe okungenzeka bakwazile ukuthola, ngokwesibonelo, ipassword eyodwa .

Ukusetshenziswa komxabokabili sekunyukile eminyakeni yamuva. Izinkinga zokuphepha ezingabangela ukuvulwa komxabokabili zihlanganisa ukuhlaselwa ukukhathala, ukugolomba kanye noboqola be-SIM . 

Izihawuza ezinomxabokabili kunamathuva amancane kakhulu okuthi zibe sengozini.
Impi yamaNgisi namaZulu

**Impi yamaNgisi namaZulu** (1879) yaqhatha amaNgisi namaZulu ezindaweni zaseNingizimu Afrika yanamuhla. Kwaqalwa yizizathu ezehlukene, kwaba yingqophamlando yobukoloni esifundeni futhi yagcina ngokukhululeka kwesizwe samaZulu. Impi yayishubile, izimpi ezinzima nezichitha igazi. Izimpi ezimbili ezidumile zempi kwaba ukunqoba kukaZulu eSandlwana kanye nokuvikela amaNgisi eRorke's Drift.
Impi yaseSandlwana

**Impi yaseSandlwana** yenzeka mhla zingama-22 kuMasingana ngowe-1879, njengengxenye yeMpi yamaNgisi namaZulu. Kwakuyimpi yokuqala enkulu phakathi koMbuso wamaNgisi noMbuso kaZulu. Ezinsukwini eziyishumi nanye ngemva kokuba amaNgisi eqale ukuhlasela indawo yamaZulu eNingizimu Afrika, ibutho lomdabu lamasosha angaba ngu-20 000 lahlasela ibutho lebutho laseBrithani elalinamadoda angu-1 800, amanye awo ayengama-Afrika futhi mhlawumbe nezakhamuzi ezingu-400. AmaZulu ayehlome ngokuyinhloko ngama-assega, imikhonto enesihloko sensimbi, nezihlangu zesikhumba senkomo, nakuba ayephethe izimbambo nezibhamu ezindala. Amasosha aseBrithani kanye namakholoni ayehlome ngezibhamu zesimanje zeMartini-Henry, izibhamu ezimbili zentaba ezingama-76 mm, kanye nebhethri lamarokhethi e-Hale. Naphezu komehluko omkhulu kubuchwepheshe bezempi, isibalo samasosha akwaZulu sagcina sehlule ibutho lamaNgisi elalingaholwanga kahle futhi elalisatshalaliswa, elashona abangu-1,300, kuhlanganise nabo bonke ababelwa impi. Ibutho likaZulu labala abantu ababalelwa ku-1 000 abafa.
Impi ye-Rorke's Drift

**Impi ye-Rorke's Drift** yayingenye yezingxoxo zeMpi yamaNgisi namaZulu. Kuso, amasosha angama-150 amaNgisi avikela ngempumelelo isiteshi sezithunywa zevangeli esiseduze nezibuko lomfula iBuffalo esiFundazweni saseNatali, eNingizimu Afrika, ekuhlaselweni kwamaqhawe amaZulu angaphezu kuka-3 000 ngoJanuwari 22 no-23, 1879. Lokhu kuthembisana kwenzeka emahoreni ambalwa nje ngemva kokunqotshwa kwamaNgisi empini yaseSandlwana.

Uma kubhekwa impumelelo yokuzivikela kwebutho lezempi ngokumelene namabutho aphakeme kangaka, i-Battle of Rorke's Drift ithathwa njengenye yezivikelo eziphawuleka kakhulu zenqaba emlandweni wezempi waseBrithani.
I-QwaQwa

**I-QwaQwa** yayiyIBantustan ("izwe lakubo") engxenyeni ephakathi nendawo esempumalanga INingizimu Afrika. Yayihlanganisa isifunda esincane kakhulu samakhilomitha- angu-655 (253 sq  empumalanga yesifundazwe saseNingizimu Afrika I-Orange Free State, emngceleni I-Lesotho. Inhloko-dolobha yayo kwakuyiWitsieshoek. Kwakuyizwe eliqokwe labantu baseBasotho abangaphezu kuka-180,000 abakhuluma isI-Basotho.

Ukukhithika okuvamile eziqongweni zezintaba zaseMaloti kwaholela iSan ekubizeni isifunda ngokuthi "iQwaQwa" (okumhlophe kunokumhlophe). Ngesi-Afrikaans yaziwa ngokuthi "i-Witsieshoek", ngemuva kuka-Oetse (futhi uWitsie noWetsi), inkosi yaseMakholokoe eyayihlala lapho kusukela ngonyaka ka-1839 kuya ku-1856.

Izizwe ezintathu zazihlala endawni, amaMakholokoe, amaBakoena namaBatlokoa. Ngoyaka ka-1969 [umthombo ongcono odingekayo] bahlanganiswa futhi le ndawo yabizwa ngokuthi "KwaKwa". Ngonyaka ofanayo, igama lashintshwa laba yi- "QwaQwa" ukuze kugwenywe ukuhlukaniswa kwesimilo. [ukukhishwa okudingekayo]  &#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Umlando
Ngo-1 November 1974, iQwaQwa yaphiwa ukuzibusa, no Tsiame UKenneth Mopeli njengoNgqongqoshe Oyinhloko. UMopeli wayezokhonza njengoNgqongqoshe Oyinhloko kukho konke ukuba khona kweQwaQwa.

Ngemuva kuka-27 April 1994, i-QwaQwa yahlakazwa, ngemuva kokhetho lokuqala lwentando yeningi yaseNingizimu Afrika, futhi yahlanganiswa ne-Orange Free State. Manje iyingxenye yesifundazwe saseFree State, kanti I-Witsieshoek isebenza njengesihlalo seMaluti a Phofung Local Municipality.

## osaziwayo baseQwaQwa

* I-Seipati Seoke - Umsakazi we-I-Lesedi FM kanye ne-DStv Mzansi 2020 Viewers' Choice Awards
* I-Hlaudi Motsoeneng - I-African Content Movement (ACM) futhi owayengumphathi we-South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC)
Ukufunda nokubhala

**Ukufunda nokubhala** kuyikhono lokufunda nokubhala, kuyilapho **Ukungafundi** kubhekisela ekwehlulekeni ukufunda nokubhala. Abanye abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi isifundo "sokufunda nokubhala" ngokomqondo singahlukaniswa ngezinkathi zezigaba ezimbili: inkathi yangaphambi kuka-1950, lapho ukufunda nokubhala kwakuqondwa kuphela njengokufunda nokubhala kwezinhlamvu zamagama (ukuqashelwa kwegama nezinhlamvu); nenkathi yangemva kuka-1950, ngenkathi ukufunda nokubhala kancane kancane kwaqala ukubhekwa njengomqondo obanzi nenqubo, kufaka phakathi izici zezenhlalo nezamasiko zokufunda, ukubhala, kanye nokufunda nokubhala, kanye nokubhala okusebenzayo.
Nhlanhla Mkhwanazi

U**Nhlanhla Lucky Mkhwanazi** uyisikhulu sokuphoqelelwa komthetho eNingizimu Afrikha esisebenzela esifundazweni saKwaZulu-Natali eNingizimu Afrikha njengo Khomishane wamaphoyisa esifundazweni. Wazalwa mhla zi-5 ku Nhlolanja, 1973, KwaZulu-Natal, eNingizimu Afrikha. Uke waba nguKhomishana Wophiko Lwemisebenzi Yamaphoyisa AseNingizimu Afrika (i-SAPS) Yezinkonzo Ezikhethekile Zokuphendula.

UMkhwanazi ubambe ezikhundleni eziningana eyinhloko ngaphakathi emaphoyiseni. Usebenze njengoKhomishana Kazwelonke wamaphoyisa ngesikhathi esibucayi, ebhekana nezinselelo zokuphepha kazwelonke futhi esebenzisa izinguquko zokuphoqelelwa komthetho. Ubuholi bakhe bubonakala ngesenzo esinamandla sokulwa nobugebengu obuhleliwe nenkohlakalo. Uphinde abe yiNhloko yoPhiko kanye noMkhuzi wophiko lwamaphoyisa olusezingeni eliphezulu loMbutho Wamaphoyisa aseNingizimu Afrika, iSpecial Task Force (STF), eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-“Taakies” njengoba ephumelele ohlelweni oludume umhlaba wonke lokukhetha nokuqeqesha ngezinga eliphezulu lokucwila ku-85% noma ngaphezulu emijikelezweni ethile yokuqasha. Usebenze ophikweni lwe-elite njengomsebenzi wamaphoyisa okhethekile. Ungumuntu owaziwayo ngeqhaza lakhe lobuholi eMbuthweni Wamaphoyisa aseNingizimu Afrika (SAPS), futhi uthole ukuhlonishwa kuzwelonke ngokusebenza njengebamba likaKhomishana Wamaphoyisa Kazwelonke 

**UMLANDO WOMUSEBENZI WAKHE**
I-BMW M3

**I BMW M3** iwuhlobo olusebenza kahle kakhulu ukundlula i-BMW 3 Series, olwakhiwe yi-BMW's endlini yase-motorsport, i-BMW M GmbH. Imodeli ye-M3 iye yakhiqizwa kuzo zonke izizukulwane ze-3 Series selokhu kwethulwa i-E30 M3 ngo-1986.
ULucas Radebe

**ULucas Valeriu Ntuba Radebe**  (owazalwa ngomhlazi-12 ku-Mbasa 1969) ungumdlali webhola likanobhutshuzwayo waseNingizimu Afrika owayedlala njengomdlali ophakathi.

U-Hadebe waqala ukudlala e-Bophuthatswana Soccer league (BOPSOL) edlalela i-Stocks Birds yase Lehurutshe eduze kwase Zeerust (eNorth West Provence) ngaphambi kokuba atholwe yi-Kaizer Chiefs eNingizimu Afrika, ngaphambi kokudlulela i-Leeds United, lapho adlala khona imidlalo engu-262 yeqembu laseYorkshire. Phakathi nokuxhaphaza kwakhe kula maqembu, wathola iziqu ezithi "Rhoo" nelithi "The Chief". Waba ukaputeni we-Leeds United kanye Iqembu lesizwe laseNingizimu Afrika, ikakhulukazi ku-2002 FIFA World Cup. UNelson Mandela wathi ngoRadebe: "Lena yiqhawe lami." Waphinde waba ukaputeni weKaizer Chiefs ngesikhathi sakhe eChiefs.
I-Ford Mustang (isizukulwane sokuqala)

**Mustang** yesizukulwane sokuqala yakhiqizwa yi-Ford kusukela ku-Ndasa-1964 kuya ku-1973. Ukungeniswa kwe-Mustang kwakha uhlobo olusha lwezimoto ezaziwa ngokuthi izimoto ze-pony. Isitayela se-Mustang, nesembozo saso eside kanye nendawo emfushane, sabonakala sithandwa kakhulu futhi sabangela imincintiswano eminingi.

Yethulwa ku-Mbasa 17, 1964, njenge-hardtop futhi i-convertible, kanye nohlobo lwe-fastback olulandelayo nku_Ncwaba 1964. Lapho iqala, i-Mustang, ihlanganyela ipulatifomu yayo ne-I-Falcon, yafakwa engxenyeni yezimoto ezincane.

I-Mustang yesizukulwane sokuqala yakhula ngobukhulu kanye namandla enjini ngokubukezwa ngakunye. Imodeli ka-1971 yabonisa ukuklanywa kabusha okukhulu. Ngemuva kokwanda kokuqala, ukuthengiswa kwehla kancane kancane, futhi uFord waqala ukusebenza ngesizukulwane esisha seMustang. Ngasekuqaleni kwenhlekelele kawoyela ka-1973, i-Ford yayilungiselelwe, kakade iklame I-Mustang II encane yonyaka we-1974 model. Le moto entsha ayizange ihlanganiswe nezingxenye nezinhlobo zangaphambili.
INyuvesi yaseFree State

**INyuvesi yaseFree State** (IsiBhunu; IsiSuthu :*I-University ya Freistata*) iyunivesithi yomphakathi enamakhampasi amaningi e-Bloemfontein, inhloko-dolobha yase Freyistata kanye nenhloko-dolobha yezomthetho yaseNingizimu Afrika. Yasungulwa okokuqala njengesikhungo semfundo ephakeme ngo-1904, njengesigaba semfundo ephakeme yaseGrey College. Yamenyezelwa njengenyuvesi ezimele yolimi lwesiBhunu ngo-1950, futhi igama lashintshwa laba **yiNyuvesi yase-Orange Free State**. Inyuvesi inamakhampasi amathathu e-Satellite. Ekuqaleni isizinda esinabamhlophe bodwa, inyuvesi yahlukaniswa ngokuphelele ngo-1996. Iphini likashansela lenyuvesi yokuqala emnyama waqokwa ngo-2010.

## Umlando
Iphupho elidala lesikhungo semfundo ephakeme e-Freystata laba ngokoqobo ngonyaka ka-1904,okuyilapho I-Grey College yamukela iziqu zokuqala izifundo ze-B.A. eziphelele. Ngo-1906 ingxenye ye-tertiary yeGrey College yaziwa ngokuthi yi-Grey University College (GUC), kodwa ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho isikole nekolishi kwahlukana. Ngo-1910, iPhalamende le-Orange River Colony lamisa umthetho owamemezela i-GUC njengesikhungo semfundo esingokomthetho emikhakheni yezobuciko neyesayensi. Ngokwesimiso samanje saseNingizimu Afrika, i-University of the Free State ikweleta ukuvela kwayo okungokomthetho e-University yaseNingizimu Afrika (UNISA), yona ngokwayo eyasungulwa njengenyuvesi ezimele ngomthetho ngo-1916. I-UNISA, ngaleso sikhathi, yayiyisikhungo "sesambulela" noma isikhungo sikahulumeni esinesihlalo ePitoli, sidlala indima yokuthengiswa kwezemfundo kwamakolishi amaningana agcina eba amanyuvesi azimele. Elinye lamakolishi ayengaphansi kwe-UNISA kwakuyi-Grey University College, eBloemfontein. I-trusteeship ye-UNISA yaphela ngo-1949 lapho i-Orange Free State University ithola i-charter njengenyuvesi.

## Irefarensi
UShisa Nyama

**I-Shisa Nyama** (futhi isipelingi Shisa Nyama noma i-Shisa Nyama noma ishisanyama) iyisiko lase Ningizimu Afrika yokosa inyama lapho abadli bethenga inyama eluhlaza - ngokuvamile esitolo esiseduze futhi bayosiwe phezu kwamalahle ashisayo, ngokwabo noma ngabapheki abasendaweni. Igama ngokwezwi nezwi lisho ukuthi “shisanyama” ngesiZulu, kodwa libhekisela esenzweni sokosa inyama( braai), ukubuthana endaweni yokosa inyama kanye nezikhungo ezigxile kulesi sitayela sokupheka. 

Leli gama lihlanganisa igama lesiZulu elithi *shisa* (elihunyushwa nangokuthi *shisa* noma *shesa* ), elisho “shisa”, nelithi *nyama*, elisho “inyama”. Izinhlobonhlobo njengokuthi “shisa nyama”, “shesa nyama”, “shisanyama” kanye “shisa yama” zonke zibonisa umkhuba ofanayo: ukuwosa inyama phezu kwamalahle.

Njengoba isuka emalokishini aseNingizimu Afrika njengesu lamabhusha ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthengiswa kwangezimpelasonto, ishisanyama yashintsha ngokushesha yaba izindawo zokuhlangana zomphakathi lapho abantu abavela kuzo zonke izizinda zempilo - ama-CEO kuya kubasebenzi jikelele - behlangana ndawonye phezu kwenyama eyosiwe, umculo, umdanso nesiphuzo.  Izimpande zeshisa nyama zisesikweni lokuhlanganisa inyama elokishini lapho ukupheka inyama ngezinkuni noma ngamalahle kudala kuyisizinda sokuxhumana. Emalokishini amaningi, kuvele izindawo ezinelayisensi “zokuthenga noku braai”, ezihlanganisa izindawo zokudayisa inyama neziteshi zokuwosa inyama, kuguqule ukudla okulula kube isimo sephathi yangempelasonto esimnandi ngomculo, ukudansa kanye nezinye izinkonzo ezengeziwe ezifana nokuwashwa kwezimoto.

## Ireferensi
UMagogo kaDinuzulu

Njenge mbongi  wadlula imingcele yale ndima, eyayivame ukuba yindawo yabesilisa, ukulila ngomshado wakhe kanye nokuphila kwabantu bakwaZulu. Ikhono lakhe lathola umfutho ngonyaka we-1939 ngokuqopha ezinye zezenzo zakhe nguHugh Tracey. Ngokubonakala obala iNkosazane yaphinde yaphula umkhuba, igcina ukuzinikela kwayo emculweni. Ngawo unyaka we-1950, umculo wakhe waqoshwa kabanzi futhi wadlalwa iSouth African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC), UDavid Rycroft kanye ne-West German Radio. Lokhu kuqoshwa kwanikeza **INkosazane UMagogo** ukulalelwa abalandeli umhlaba wonke nokunakwa abakwamanye amazwe. Umsebenzi wakhe wenziwa ngokuyinhloko ngezingoma zamaZulu ezikhona kanye nezinganekwane zomdabu, futhi wazenza umculo ohambisana nesigubhu.

##
I-Donut

**I-donut** uhlobo lwe-pasty eyenziwe ngenhlama ethosiwe. Ithandwa emazweni amaningi futhi ilungiswa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene njengokudla okulula okunoshukela okungenziwa ekhaya noma ukuthengwe ezindaweni zokubhaka, izitolo ezinkulu, Izitolo zokudla, nakubathengisi abakhethekile.

Amadonathi ngokuvamile athoswe ngokujulile enhlama kafulawa, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo zama-batter nazo zingasetshenziswa. Ama-toppings ahlukahlukene kanye nama-flavour asetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezahlukene, njengoshukela, ushokoledi noma i-maple glazing. Amadonadi angase futhi ahlanganise amanzi, imvubelo, amaqanda, ubisi, ushukela, uwoyela, okokunciphisa, kanye nezinongo zemvelo noma zokwenziwa.

Izinhlobo ezimbili ezivame kakhulu idonathi eliyindandatho kanye ne-donut egcwele, ejovwa ngezinto zokulondoloza izithelo (i-jelly donut), ukhilimu, ukhastadi, noma okunye ukugcwaliswa okumnandi. Izingcezu ezincane zenhlama ngezinye izikhathi ziphekwa njengezimbobo zamadonathi. Uma ethosiwe, ama-donuts angase acwebezeliswe ngoqweqwe lukashukela, asakazwe ngoqweqwe lukashukela noma ushokoledi, noma afakwe ushukela oyimpuphu, isinamoni, okokufafaza noma izithelo. Ezinye izimo zihlanganisa amabhola, ama-sphere ayisicaba, ama-twist, nezinye izinhlobo. Izinhlobo zamadonathi nazo zihlukaniswe ngamakhekhe (okuhlanganisa nakudala) nama-donuts avuswe imvubelo. Ama-Donuts avame ukuhambisana nekhofi noma ubisi. 

Indlela yokupheka ibhola lenhlama ethosiwe yabhalwa nguCato the Elder encwadini yakhe ethi De agri cultura, esebenzisa ushizi, uju, nezinhlamvu ze-poppy, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-*globi*. Izinhlobo ezifanayo zokupheka inhlama ethosiwe ziye zasakazeka, noma zaqala, kwezinye izingxenye zaseYurophu naseMhlabeni.

Incwadi yokupheka yama-Arabhu yekhulu le-13, eyabhalwa ngU-Ibn Razīn al-Tujībī iqukethe indlela yokupheka uhlobo olunjengomphunga we-sfenj, eyenziwe ngokuthosa inhlama ye-i-semolina enemvubelo, inhlama ihloselwe ukuba ibhola elincane, indlela yokupheka iphinde ibumbe inhlama ibe yI-Ka'ak enembobo maphakathi ukuze ihlolwe ukuhlola ukuqinisekiswa kwayo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuthosa iqoqo lokuqala futhi kuphumela esimweni esifana nesidumbu sesimanje.

Incwadi yokupheka i-*Küchenmeisterei* (i-Mastery of the Kitchen), eyanyatheliswa INuremberg ngo-1485, inikeza indlela yokupheka "i-Gefüllte Krapfen", amakhekhe enhlama ethosiwe.

I-churro yaseSpain nasePortugal iyinhlama ye-choux yokupheka eyayizophiwa futhi isesimweni sendandatho. Kungenzeka ukuthi indlela yokupheka yalethwa ivela, noma yethulwa eChina, ngekhulu le-16.
Amathayi avuthayo emigwaqweni

## Amathayi avuthayo emigwaqweni

### Ukufudumala Emakhazeni: Umlilo Wamathayi Waselokishini

Phakathi nobusuku obushubile basebusika emiphakathini eminingi yaseNingizimu Afrika, amathayi avuthayo ayinto evamile emakhoneni emigwaqo. '''Abafana abancane''', ikakhulukazi emalokishini, bavame ukubuthana kule mililo yesikhashana ukuze babalekele amakhaza ashubisa umnkantsha. Isenzo sokushisa amathayi asikho nje ukushisa; kwakha indawo ehlanganyelwe yokunethezeka kanye nobuzalwane ezindaweni lapho imfudumalo iyindlala khona futhi amakhaya angase antule ukushisa okufanele. Le mililo yamasondo isebenza njengesimemo esivulekile sokuhleka, ingxoxo, nokuxhumana.
Nkabi Records

I-**Nkabi Records** iphethwe ngumculi ongumrepha waseNingizimu Afrika uBig Zulu (Siyabonga Nene). Usungule le nkampani ngonyaka -2019. Kule lebula lomculo kukhona nabanye abaculi okubalwa khona o-Mduduzi Ncube, Lwah Ndlunkulu, Siya Ntuli, noXowla, abayingxenye yeqembu i**-Nkabi Nation**.
Charlie Maphuntshane Molepo

### Isiqalo sempilo
**uCharlie Maphuntshane Molepo** wazalelwa edolobheni laseDundee,KwaZulu Natal  uyindodana ka Mfundisi Robert Thekelo Molepo no Babhekile Julia Molepo uMaSithole wazalwa ngosuku lokuqala kuLwezi 1966. Wakhulela kwilokishi labomdabu lase Benoni elibizwa iDaveyton kuMpumalandi

### Imfundo noMsebenzi
Waqala ukufunda kumabanga aphansi endaweni yase Daveyton waze wathola uMatibeletsheni e Bethel College kwi phondo lase Transkei ngo-1987

 

### Reference
Ukugujwa kosuku laMandela.

**UMadiba**, owaziwa ngelika Nelson Mandela Mandela wayaziwa njengamanye amaqhawe amakhulu eNingizimu Afrika. Usuku luka Mandela lugujwa mhla ziyi-18 kuNtulikazi ukuhlonipha impilo kanye nefa lika lakhe. Lolu suku lubiza abantu, imiphakathi kanye nezinhlangano ukuba bathathe isikhathi bezindle kwizimiso namagugu kaMandela ukuze bekwazi ukwenza umthelela omuhle emiphakathini yabo. Usuku luka Mandela lugqugquzela wonke umuntu ukuba athathe iskhathi (imizuzu engamashumi ayisithupha nesikhombisa) osukwini ukuze enze okuthile okuhle emphakathini noma komunye umuntu.

Lolu suku lusikhumbuza impumelelo kaMandela ekusebenzeni ukuxazulula izingxabano, intando yeningi, amalungelo abantu, ukuthula nokubuyisana. Ukuhlonipha umsebenzi womphakathi kaNelson Mandela weminyaka engamashumi ayisithumpha nesikhombisa, wonke umuntu emhlabeni jikelele ubizelwe ukuthi aqoke imizuzu engamashumi ayisithupha nesikhombisa yesikhathi sakhe ukwenza umehluko ezimpilweni zabanye. Lolu suku lwadalelwa ukukhuthaza abantu ukuthi bamukele amagugu entando yeningi futhi babambe iqhaza emibonweni yokuqinisekisa ukuthi bamukele amagugu entando yeningi, futhi babambe iqhaza emibonweni yokuqinisekisa umphakathi onobulungiswa nongenzeleli, ukuthatha izinyathelo kanye nokugqugquzela izinguquko. Umlayezo womkankaso wosuku luka Mandela ukhuthaza abantu ukuthi basebenzise lemizuzu yesikhathi sabo ukuze basekele izinhlangano eziswele noma basebenze emphakathini wangakubo. Imizuzu engamashumi ayisithupha nesikhombisa ifanekisela inani leminyaka umongameli wangaphambili alwela amalungelo abantu kanye nokuqedwa kobandlululo.  Usuku luka Mandela luyikhwelo lokuthatha isinyathelo kubantu ngabanye, umthwalo wokuguqula umhllaba ube indawo engcono, isinyathelo esincane ngesikhati, njengoba kwenza uNelson Mandela.

Lolu suku ungaligubha ngokukhomba labo abadinga usizo eduze kwakho futhi wenze umehluko kubo. Ukuphepha kokudla kuyisidingo esiyisisekelo somuntu futhi ukukhiqiza okuzinzile kuyisici esibaluleke ekusekeleni, hlanganani njengomphakathi nenze izingadi  futhi nitshale izithelo nezihlahla zomdabu. Ngenkathi umhlaba ubhekana nesimo sezulu esiguquguqayo, ungenza ingxenye yakho emphakathini wangakini ngokutshala izitshalo nezihlahla ezintsha, eziphilayo futhi ezingabizi kakhulu ukuze kuphile  kahle wonke  umuntu.

## Amasevisi ongawenza
Ungavolontiya ezinhlanganweni ezisiza abampofu, ungasiza ekhishini lesobho, indawo yokukhusela izilwane noma indawo yokunakekelwa kwabantu abadala. Unganikela ngegazi okuyisenzo esilula esingasindisa ukuphila. Yabelana ngamakhono nolwazi lwakho ukuze usize abanye. Hlela izincwadi, hlanza indawo, ipaki, ulwandle, indawo yomphakathi noma usize ngemicimbi. Yaba izimpahla zokugqoka ongasazidingi ezinhlanganweni ezizosabalalisa. Dala umncintiswano wamaphosta wezikole noma amaqembu entsha ukuze ubandakanye abantu abasa ngosuku luka Mandela.

## Izifinyezo
IBRICS

iBRICS yinhlangano yohulumeni bamazwe ehlanganisa amazwe ayishumi - iBrazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Egypt, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Iran kanye ne-United Arab Emirates. .

## Isiqalo

I-BRICS yinhlangano yohulumeni bamazwe ehlanganisa amazwe ayishumi - iBrazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Egypt, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Iran kanye ne-United Arab Emirates. . Umbono weqembu elifana ne-BRICS ungalandelelwa emuva kungqongqoshe wezangaphandle waseRussia u-Yevgeny Primakov nasezithangamini ezimbili i-RIC (Russia, India, China) kanye ne-IBSA (India, Brazil, South Africa).  iBRIC ekuqaleni kwakuyitemu elaqanjwa usomnotho waseBrithani uJim O'Neill futhi kamuva walwela umqashi wakhe uGoldman Sachs ngo-2001 ukuze aqoke iqembu lezimakethe ezisafufusa.

## __LEAD_SECTION__

I-BRICS yinhlangano yohulumeni bamazwe ehlanganisa amazwe ayishumi - iBrazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Egypt, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Iran kanye ne-United Arab Emirates. . Umbono weqembu elifana ne-BRICS ungalandelelwa emuva kungqongqoshe wezangaphandle waseRussia u-Yevgeny Primakov nasezithangamini ezimbili i-RIC (Russia, India, China) kanye ne-IBSA (India, Brazil, South Africa).  iBRIC ekuqaleni kwakuyitemu elaqanjwa usomnotho waseBrithani uJim O'Neill futhi kamuva walwela umqashi wakhe uGoldman Sachs ngo-2001 ukuze aqoke iqembu lezimakethe ezisafufusa.   Ingqungquthela yokuqala ngo-2009 yayihlanganisa amazwe asungula iBrazil, Russia, India, kanye neChina, lapho amukela khona isifushaniso esithi BRIC futhi bakha iklabhu yokusebenzelana engakahleleki [4] lapho ohulumeni babo babengahlangana khona minyaka yonke ezingqungqutheleni ezisemthethweni futhi baxhumanise izinqubomgomo zezizwe ngezizwe.
Izinkondlo

Izinkondlo

Mngan' wam

Mngan' wam' omuhle

Uyilanga liphuma,

Uthingo lwenkosazana

Uyindoni yamanzi

Mngan' wam weqiniso ,

Uyakhazimula njengezinkanyezi,

Abanye bathi kungcono ukwethemab' itshe 

kunomuntu,mina ngikwethemba kakhulu 

Awusoze wangijikela

Ngiyakuthanda mngan' wam

Luyanda.Mpala

Dudu du du du 

Landindizela iZulu 

Laguqubala lamnyama bhuqe

Hawu layithela 

Impela lethwese ihlobo

Zaqala zaqhakaza iZimbali

Utshani buluhlaza cwe

Zaqala zatshakadula izinkomo 

Baduma ogandaganda emasimi

zaboshelwa izinkabi zadonsa amagetsha

Yinhle lenyanga kamandulo

Nazi nezivmvemvane ziqaqela iZimbali 

izingane ziyojabula 

Ngisho nezilwane ziyothokoza

Impela lethwese ihlobo 

Luyanda.Mpala

Okungabonwa kuyaphila 

Waze wabuthwala ubunzi bo

Waze wawuthwala umthwalo osemahlombe

Uyisithandwa Wena ongabonwa

Mizwa yam

Awuphefumuli Kodwa uyaphila

Ukhuluma nam njalo

Uyathanda futhi uyazonda

Uhlukumeza Izinhliziyo zabantu abamsulwa

Mizwa yam uyaphilisa

Unginikeza ithemba  elingapheli

Ungenza ngizizwe njenge nkosazana

UKuba nawe kungenza ngingabi nesizungu

Ngifisa sengathi ungahlala ingunaphakade

Wena ongabonwa

Ukhuluma Kimi njengomuntu

Ungumngani ebanganini

Akekho oyofana nawe

Ngoba ukhethekile

Okungabonwa kuyaphila

Luyanda.Mpala