Umdlavuza wesibunu

**Umdlavuza Vulvar** kuyinto umdlavuza we ngemomozi, ingxenye engaphandle ye-umthondo zesifazane.Ngokuvamile kuthinta i- labia majora.Ngaphansi kakhulu, i- labia minora, i- clitoris, noma izindlala zangasese.Izimpawu zifaka phakathi isigaxa, ukulunywa, ukuguquka kwesikhumba, noma ukopha esithweni sangasese.

Izici zobungozi zibandakanya i- vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN), ukutheleleka nge-HPV, izinsumpa zangasese, ukubhema, nabalingani abaningi bezocansiIningi lomdlavuza we-vulvar ngama- squamous cell cancer .Ezinye izinhlobo zifaka i- adenocarcinoma, i- melanoma, i- sarcoma, ne- basal cell carcinoma.Ukuxilongwa kusolwa ngokususelwa ekuhlolweni komzimba futhi kuqinisekiswe yi- tissue biopsy.Ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke akunconyiwe. 

Izimpawu nezimpawu zingafaka:

* Ukulunywa, ukushiswa, noma ukopha esithweni sangasese esingapheli.
* Izinguquko kumbala wesikhumba se-vulva, ukuze zibukeke zibomvu noma zimhlophe kunokujwayelekile.
* Isikhumba siyashintsha esithweni sangasese, kufaka phakathi okubukeka njengokuqubuka noma izinsumpa.
* Izilonda, izigaxa noma izilonda esithweni sangasese ezingapheli.
* Ubuhlungu okhalweni, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuchama noma socansi . 

## Izimbangela
Izindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-pathophysiological njengamanje ziyaqondakala ukuthi zifaka isandla ekwakhiweni komdlavuza we-vulvar-ukutheleleka kwe-human papillomavirus (HPV) nokuvuvukala okungapheli noma i-autoimmunity ethinta indawo ye-vulvar.   

Izimo ezihlala njalo zokuvuvukala kwesitho sangasese esingahle sibe yisandulela somdlavuza we-vulvar zifaka i- lichen sclerosus, engahle ihlukanise i-VIN ehlukile.  

### Izici zobungozi
Izici zobungozi zomdlavuza we-vulvar zihlobene kakhulu nezindlela eziyimbangela engenhla, ezibandakanya ukuvezwa noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-HPV kanye / noma ukutholwa noma ukuzitholela okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo.  

* Ukukhula kweminyaka
* Umlando we-vulvar noma i-neoplasia yomlomo wesibeletho
* Inani elandayo labalingani bobulili besilisa
* Umlando wangaphambi kokuhlasela noma umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho
* Umlando wokubhema ugwayi
* Ukutheleleka nge-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
* IVulvar lichen sclerosus
* Ama-syndromes we-immunodeficiency
* Okhokho baseNyakatho Yurophu

### Izinhlobo
Ngokuya ngemvelaphi yeselula, kungavela izinhlobo ezingaphansi komdlavuza we-histologic ezinhlakeni ze-vulvar.  

## Ukwelashwa

Ukuhlinzwa kungumgogodla wokwelashwa ngokuya ngesiteji se-anatomical futhi imvamisa kugcinelwa umdlavuza ongakaze usabalale ngale kwe-vulva.Ukuhlinzwa kungabandakanya ukusikeka kwendawo okubanzi (ukusikwa kwesimila ngomkhawulo wokuphepha wezicubu ezinempilo, okuqinisekisa ukususwa ngokuphelele kwesimila), i- radical vulvectomy, noma i-vulvectomy ephelele ngokususa izicubu ze-vulvar, ama- lymph node angama- inguinal kanye nawesifazane.   Ezimweni zomdlavuza wokuqala we-vulvar, ukuhlinzwa kungaba kuncane kakhulu futhi kuqukethe ukusikwa okubanzi noma i-vulvectomy elula.Ukuhlinzwa kukhulu kakhulu lapho umdlavuza ususakazekele ezithweni eziseduze njenge-urethra, isitho sangasese, noma i-rectum.Izinkinga zokuhlinzwa zifaka ukutheleleka kwesilonda, ukungasebenzi kocansi, i- edema ne- thrombosis, kanye ne- lymphedema yesibili kuya kuma-lymph node. 

## I-Epidemiology
Umdlavuza weVulvar usanda kuthinta abantu ababalelwa ku-44,200 futhi kwaholela ekufeni kwabantu abayi-15,200 emhlabeni jikelele ngonyaka ka-2018. 

Umdlavuza we-Vulvar ungahlukaniswa ube izinhlobo ezimbili.Omunye uqala njengokutheleleka nge-papillomavirus yomuntu, okuholela ku-vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) futhi okungahle kube nomdlavuza we-vulvar. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane abasebasha, ikakhulu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40. Uhlobo lwesibili yi-vulvar non-neoplastic epithelial disorders (VNED).Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane asebekhulile, ngenxa yengozi eyengeziwe yokuthuthukisa i-atypia yeselula nayo eholela kumdlavuza. 

### eMelika
E-United States, isanda kwenzeka kubantu ababalelwa ku-6 070 ngokufa kwabantu abangu-1 280 ngonyaka.Kwenza cishe i-0.3% yamacala amasha womdlavuza,  no-5% womdlavuza we-gynecologic e-United States.Amacala omdlavuza we-Vulvar abelokhu ekhuphuka e-United States ngokunyuka kwama-.6% unyaka ngamunye kule minyaka eyishumi edlule.

## Izixhumanisi zangaphandle

* IVulvar Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) –Health Professional Version —Imininingwane evela e-US National Cancer Institute
*  Buyekeza i-athikili yabasebenzi abajwayelekile.