Umzimba womuntu

**Umzimba womuntu** uyisakhiwo sonke somuntu . Wakhiwe izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zamangqamuzana ahlanganisa izicubu bese kuba yizitho bese kuba yizinhlelo zezitho .

Umzimba womuntu ngaphandle uqukethe ikhanda, izinwele, intamo, isingenhla (okuhlanganisa isifuba nesisu ), izitho zangasese, izingalo, izandla, imilenze nezinyawo . Umzimba womuntu wangaphakathi uhlanganisa izitho zomzimba, amazinyo, amathambo, imisipha, izinsinga, imithambo yegazi negazi, imithambo yoketshe kanye noketshe.

Ukufundwa komzimba womuntu kuhlanganisa umhlakahlo, umchazamzimba, histology, nomchazamungu. Umchazamzimba uhlozinga izinhlelo nezitho zomzimba womuntu nokusebenza kwazo. Izinhlelo eziningi nezitho ziyananana ukuze zinakekele ukuzilawula komzimba (homeostasis), ngamazinga aphephile eziqa ezifana noshukela, insimbi, nesOhwe egazini, 

## Isakhiwo sawo
Umzimba womuntu wakhiwe ngezinhlwa ezihlanganisa ihwnzi, isOhwe, umCalahle, umCaphana, nepholoba. Lezi zinhlwa zitholakala phakathi kwezigidindodla zamangqamuzana nasezigcoyini zomzimba ezingewona amangqamuzana. 

Umzimba wowesilisa omdala uqukethe amanzi angamaphsenti angama-60 okungamalitha angama-42. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunamalitha ali-19 omtshoko ongekho kumangqamuzana kuhlanganisa namalitha amathathu amathubi wegazi (blood plasma) kanye namalitha ayisi-8 omtshoko wesisu namalitha angama-23 omtshoko ophakathi kwamanqamuzana.

### Izinhlelo zawo

#### Uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi

Uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi lwakhiwa inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi (iminqonqo, imithambo, nemithanjana). Inhliziyo iyona ephokozisa umjikelezo wegazi ofana nohlelo lokuthutha oluthwala isOhwe, isivamelo, imisoco, imfucuza, amasosha omzimba, nemizwayi yokuyabiza (amachicho). Imigudu yomjikelezo wegazi emzimbeni ehlukaniswa kabili: umjikelezo wamaphaphu, omfanguza igazi emaphashini ukuze amukele isOhwe futhi adedele umCalahle ontuhlambili, kanye nomjikelezo wesimiso, othwala igazi kusuka enhliziyweni kuya emzimbeni wonke. Igazi ligukethe umtshoko othwala amangqamuzana, kuhlanganisa lawo asuka ezitshwini kuya emithanjeni aphinde abuye, kanye nobubende nomnkantsha.

#### Uhlelo lamadlala

Uhlelo lamadlala lwakhiwa amadlala wamachicho afana nalawa: imfomavange, isiqhoqhodo, izimfomavuso, amanyikwe, isiqhoqhodana, namadlala wenzalo, kodwa nezinye izitho nezicubu nazo ziyawakhiqiza amachicho ngokufanayo. Amachicho wamadlala asebenza njengesiyabizo zezinhlelo zomzimba eziya kwezinye ngokuphathelene ngezimo ezihlukene emzimbeni. 

#### Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla

Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla lwakhiwa ngumlomo kuhlanganisa ulimi namazinyo, uminzo, isisu (Ubhobhobho amathumbu  namancane, nengquza), kanye nesibindi, amanyikwe, inyongo namadlala wamathe. Lolu hlelo luguqula ukudla kube imizwayi emincane, enomsoco, engenabuthi ukuze isabalale futhi imunyungwe umzimba. Le mizwayi iphenduka izakhamzimba, amafutha, amavithamini nezimbiwa. Emva kokugwinywa, ukudla kwehla ngamathumbu afanele ukusuka engxenyeni eyodwa kuya kwenye. 

Ukugayeka kokudla kuqala emlonyeni, ohlafuna ukudla kube izingcezu ezincane ezizogayeka kalula. Bese kuyagwinywa, kwehle ngomminzo kuye esiswini. Esiswini, ukudla kuxutshwa nezimunyu zesisu ukuze kumonculeke imisoco. Okusalayo kubizwa ngomswani: kuthunyelwa ethunjini elincane, nalo elimunyunga imisoco namanzi emswanini. Okusele kufakwa ethunjini elikhulu, lapho kuphenduka khona amasimba: kube sekubekwa emdidini kuze kube yilapho kukhishwa ngengquza.

## Amagama wezitho zomzimba
Head – iKhanda

Crown - uKhakhayi

Occipital - isiPhundu

Forehead - isiPhongo

Temple - INhlafuno

Face - uBuso

Eyes - ameHlo

Eye lids - uPhephelezi

Iris - iSonhlava; iHlo

Nose - iMpumulo

Nostrils - amaKhala

Nasal Ridge - umBombo

Ears - izinDlebe

Cheeks - imiHlathi

Dimple - inDlu yenKonjane; isiZwathi

Mouth - umLomo

Lips - izinDebe

Chin - isiLevu

Double Chin - iBilo

Neck - inTamo

Nape - isiJingo; uZongwe

#### TORSO | INGENHLA
Shoulders - amaHlombe

Chest - isiFuba

Breasts - amaBele

Nipples - izinGono

Back - umHlane

Belly - isiSu

Navel - inKaba

Big Navel - isiBhono; isiBhumu

UMpu/umShiza - No Breast or Breast buds on post puberty females

Arm - inGalo

Armpit - iKhwapha

Elbow - inDololwane

Forearm - umKhono

Wrist - iHlakala

Hand - isanDla

Right hand - sobuNene

Left hand - esiNxele

Palm - inTende

Back of the hand - inHlanekela

Knuckles - amaQupha

Fingers - imiNwe

Fingerprints - izinTupha

Nails - izinZipho

leukonychia - izimBuzi

Thumb - isiThupha

Index finger - umKhothi

Middle finger - isiPhohlongo

Ring finger - isiThoba

Pinky - uCikicane

Ulnar hexadactyly – umHlaza

#### LOWERBODY | ISINGEZANSI
Waist - uKhalo

Buttocks - iziBunu

Butt crack - umNsinsila

Legs - imiLenze

Thigh - iThanga

Dark tint at da upper thigh and butt - amaNsweba

Knee - iDolo

Shank - isiTho

Calf - isiHluzu

Shin - Mbalule

Ankle - iQakala

Top of Foot - iPhaba

Foot - uNyawo

Toes - izinZwani

Big Toe - uQukulu

Second Toe - umNyundu (when it's the longest)

Small Toe - uCikizwane

Soles - izinTende

Heels - iziThende

Stump – isiDikimezi

#### GENINTALS | ZANGASESE
Anus - ingquza

Penis - umThondo

Foreskin - uJwabu

Testicles - amaSende

Urethra - iGolo

Vulva - isiBumbo

Labia - amaLebe

Clitoris - umSunu

Hymen - inCunu

Vagina - isiHlunu; inHlunu

#### INTERNAL ORGANS | EZIBILINI
Brain - inGqondo/ ubuChopho

Lobe – idlebe

Occipital lobe – idlebe elisesiphundu

Temporal lobe – idlebe olusenhlafunweni

Frontal lobe – idlebe eliphambili

Nasal cavity - amaNkanka

Tongue - uLimi

Teeth - amaZinyo

Teeth (complete) - uThotho

Molars - iziBamba

Premolars - oSelekehle beziBamba

Canines - iziVamvasholo

Incisors - izinGxavula

Tooth Gap - isiTshako

Gums - iziNsini

Palate - uLwanga

Uvula - uGovana

Tonsils - amaLaka

Pharynx - umPhimbo

Throut - umQala

Adams apple - iGilo

Vocal chords - amaYiko

Oesophogus - uMinzo

Windpipe - uQhoqhoqho

Lungs - amaPhaphu; amaBhakubha

Heart - inHliziyo; uMongo

Stomach - isiSu

Gall bladder - iNyongo

Intestines - amaThumbu

Rectum - umTshazo

Omentum - umHlehlo

Liver - isiBindi

Pancrease - iNyikwe

Kidneys - iziNso

Bladder - isiNye

Womb - isiBeletho

Foetus - umBungu

Overies - amaQanda

Testicles - amaSende

Nerves – imiZwa

Neurons – inzwa, izinzwa

Vein - umThambo/umuShwe

Artery - umNqonqo

Fat (human) – iDlaligwavuma

Diagphragm – iNhlonhla

Impulses – izimPithi (iPhithi)

Synapses - iminQalo

Motor neurons – iZinzwa zokudikiza

Sensory neurons – iZinzwa zokuzwa

Association neurons – iZinzwa ezixhumayo

Central Nervous system – uHlelo lwezinzwa

Lymphatic system – uHlelo loKetshe

Lymphatic vessels – imiThambo yoKetshe

Lymphatic nodes – amaQhuzwana oKetshe

Lymphatic capillaries – imithanjana yoKetshe

Lymphocytes – amaKetshezana

#### CELLS – AMANGQAMUZANA
Red blood cells – amangqamuzana abomvu egazi

White blood cells – amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi

Protein – isakhamzimba

Enzyme - iNzwayiza