Ukukhubazeka kokufunda

**Ukukhubazeka kokufunda** yisimo lapho umuntu ebonisa ubunzima bokufunda . Izibonelo zokukhubazeka kokufunda zifaka ukuthuthuka bobunzima kokufunda nokubhala ne-allexia (i-dyslexia etholakalayo).

## Incazelo
I- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke ichaza ukukhubazeka kokufunda noma i-dyslexia kanje: "I-Dyslexia iwuhlobo lokukhubazeka lokufunda olusekelwe ebuchosheni oluthikameza ngokuqondile ikhono lomuntu lokufunda . Laba bantu ngokuvamile bafunda emazingeni aphansi kakhulu kunalokho okulindelekile naphezu kokuba nokuhlakanipha okuvamile. Nakuba lesi sifo sihluka kumuntu nomuntu, izici ezivamile phakathi kwabantu abane-dyslexia yobunzima (i-dyslexia) iyinkinga evamile phakathi kwabantu abane-dyslexia enzima . kwemisindo), kanye nokusabela okusheshayo kokubukwayo nakwamazwi Kubantu abadala, i -dyslexia ivame ukwenzeka ngemva kokulimala kobuchopho noma esimweni sokuwohloka komqondo. Incazelo ye-NINDS ayihambisani nenqwaba yezifundo zesayensi eziphetha ngokuthi abukho ubufakazi obusikisela ukuthi i-dyslexia nokuhlakanipha kuhlobene.  Incazelo ihambisana kakhulu nocwaningo lwanamuhla kanye nemodeli yokungafani ekhishweyo yokuxilongwa kwe-dyslexia: 

* I-Dyslexia iwubunzima bokufunda obuthinta ngokuyinhloko amakhono ahilelekile ekufundweni kwamagama okunembe nokushelelayo kanye nesipelingi.
* Izici zezimpawu ze-dyslexia ziwubunzima bokuqwashisa ngemisindo, inkumbulo yomlomo kanye nesivinini sokucubungula ngamazwi.
* I-Dyslexia yenzeka kulo lonke uhla lwamakhono obuhlakani.
* Kungcono kakhulu kucatshangwe njengokuqhubekayo, hhayi isigaba esihlukile, futhi awekho amaphuzu acacile anqunyiwe.
* Ubunzima obukhona bungase bubonakale ezicini zolimi, ukusebenzisana kwezimoto, ukubala kwengqondo, ukugxilisa ingqondo kanye nokuhlelwa komuntu siqu, kodwa lokhu akuzona, ngokwazo, izimpawu ze-dyslexia.
* Isibonakaliso esihle sobunzima nokuphikelela kobunzima be-dyslexic singatholwa ngokuhlola indlela umuntu asabela ngayo noma asabele ekungeneleleni okunesisekelo esihle. 

## Ukukhubazeka kokufunda

### I-Dyslexia
I-Dyslexia iwukukhubazeka ekufundeni okuzibonakalisa njengobunzima bokuhlukanisa amagama nokufunda ngokushelelayo. Ukuqonda kungase kuthinteke ngenxa yobunzima bokwenza amakhodi, kodwa akusona isici esiyinhloko se-dyslexia. Ihlukanisiwe futhi ihlukile ebunzimeni bokufunda obubangelwa ezinye izimbangela, njengokungakwazi ukubona noma ukuzwa, noma imfundo empofu noma enganele yokufunda .  Kulinganiselwa ukuthi i-dyslexia ithinta phakathi kwe-5-17% yabantu.   I-Dyslexia ihlongozwe ukuba ibe nezinhlobo ezintathu ezingaphansi kwengqondo (okuzwayo, okubonakalyo, kanye nokunaka), nakuba izimo zomuntu ngamunye ze-dyslexia zichazwa kangcono ngokushiyeka okungaphansi kwe-neuropsychological kanye nokukhubazeka kokufunda okwenzeka ngokubambisana (isib. ukushoda kokunaka / ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukukhubazeka kwezibalo, njll ). Nakuba kungekona ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, kubhekwa kokubili ukukhubazeka kokufunda kanye nokukhubazeka kokufundela ukuqonda. I-Dyslexia ne -IQ ayihlobene, njengoba ukufunda nokuqonda kukhula ngokuzimela kubantu abane-dyslexia.  "Izinkinga zezinzwa zingabangela ukulimala ekulawuleni imisipha yamehlo okungase kubangele i-diplopia." 

### I-hyperlexia
Izingane ezine-hyperlexic zibonakala ngekhono lokufunda amagama angaphezu kwalawo alindelwe uma kubhekwa iminyaka yazo nama-IQ.  I-Hyperlexia ingabhekwa njengokuqina lapho ikhono lokuqaphela igama lidlula kakhulu amazinga ekhono alindelekile.  Nokho, naphezu kwezinkinga ezimbalwa zokuqopha, ukuqonda akulungile. Amanye ama-hyperlexics nawo anenkinga yokuqonda inkulumo.  Iningi lezingane ezinehyperlexia zitholakala ku- autism spectrum .  Phakathi kwe-5-10% yezingane ze-autistic ziye zalinganiselwa ukuthi zine-hyperlexic. 

## Ukulundiswa
Ukulungiswa kuhlanganisa yomibili imiyalelo efanele yokulungisa kanye namagumbi okufundela.

## Bhekafuthi

## Imithombo yolwazi