I-sunem enezimpondo

I-horned sungem (***I-Heliactin bilophus***) iwuhlobo lwe-i-hummingbird evela engxenyeni enkulu ye-Brazil ephakathi nezingxenye IBolivia ISuriname. Ikhetha izindawo ezivulekile ezifana ne-savanna kanye nezindawo ezinotshani futhi ihlala kalula ezindaweni ezenziwe ngabantu njengezingadi. Muva nje yandisa indawo yayo eNingizimu ye-Amazon nase-Espírito Santo, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi; ezinye izinhlobo ezimbalwa ze-hummingbird muva nje zandisa imigcele yazo. I-horned sungem iyinyoni encane enomsila omude nomlomo omfushane, omnyama. Ubulili bubonakala kakhulu ngokubukeka, ngamaduna anezimpaphe ezimbili ("izimpondo") ngaphezu kwamehlo abomvu ngokugqamile, egolide, noluhlaza. Amaduna futhi anesiqhova ekhanda esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nomphimbo omnyama "nesilevu" esicijile. Insikazi ilula futhi inomphimbo onsundu noma ophuzi. Lolu hlobo luwukuphela kohlobo lwawo, ***I-heliactin***.

I-horned sungem iyizinhlobo ezizulazulayo, ezihamba phakathi kwezindawo ngenxa yokuqhakaza kwezitshalo ezidla kuzo. Ithembele ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezitshalo eziqhakazayo ukuze ithole umpe. Uma ukwakheka kwembali kungavumelani nomlomo omfushane wenyoni, kungasusa umpe ngomgodi omncane phansi kwembali. I-sungem idla nezinambuzane ezincane. Insikazi kuphela eyakha isidleke, ifukamela amaqanda, futhi ikhulise amaphuphu. Izala amaqanda amabili amhlophe esidlekeni esincane esifukanyelwa izinsuku ezingaba yi-13. Amaphuphu achanyiselwa engenqunu, amnyama ngemuva kokuchanyuselwa, futhi angandiza lapho esenezinsuku ezingama-20 kuya kwezingu-22 ubudala. Kuye kwabikwa ukuthi i-sungem enezimpondo ivikela izindawo kalula kwamanye amalunga ohlobo lwayo kanye nezinhlobo ze-hummingbird ezingaphansi. Lezi zinhlobo njengamanje zihlukaniswe yI-International Union for Conservation of Nature njengezikhathazekile, futhi inani lazo kucatshangwa ukuthi liyakhula.

I-sungem enezimpondo yaqanjwa ngokuthi y*I-Trochilus bilophus* ngonyaka we-1820 ngesazi sezilwane saseDashi UCoenraad UJacob Temminck. Lokhu kulandisa kwangonyaka we-1820 kwakunesiqu esibonisa isampula lesilisa elaqoqwa ngo-1816 ngesazi semvelo saseJalimane INkosana uMaximilian waseWied-Neuwied eCampos Gerais, eBrazil. Encazelweni yezinhlobo ezintsha ezalandela eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, uTemminck nozakwabo baphikisana ngokuthi ukutholakala kwalezi zinhlobo kufanele kuboniswe kuWied-Neuwied, owayengomunye wabahambi bokuqala abaletha izibonelo eYurophu. Ngo-1821, uWied-Neuwied wanyathelisa incazelo yakhe yezinhlobo, aziqamba ngokuthi y*I-T. cornutus *, kodwa igama likaTemminck elithi bilophus lihola njengoba lanyatheliswa ngonyaka owodwa ngaphambili. Ngo-1831, isazi sezilwane saseJalimane UFriedrich Boie sahlukanisa i-sunem enezimpondo ngaphakathi kohlobo olusha lwe-*I-heliactin*, njenge-*I-Heliactin bilophus*, kanye nezinye izinhlobo ezintathu ze-hummingbird. Namuhla, i-sungem enezimpondo ihlonishwa njengelungu elilodwa le-Heliactin. Ngo-1921, isazi semvelo saseFrance u-U-Eugene Simon ngephutha wacabanga ukuthi i-figure plate kaTemminck yanyatheliswa ngo-1824 esikhundleni sika-1820, futhi ngenxa yalokho wabheka igama likaWied-Neuwied elithi *i-cornutus* njengelingasebenzi, elalandelwa ezincwadini eziningi ezalandela zekhulu lama-20. Yize leli phutha laphakanyiswa ngo-1999, ezinye izazi zezinyoni zazinomuzwa wokuthi igama likaTemminck elithi bilophus lase liphenduke i-nomen oblitum (igama elilahlekile) futhi laqhubeka nokusebenzisa *I-H. cornutus *. I-specimen eyaboniswa nguTemminck ngonyaka we-1820, manje ebhekwa njengesibonelo sohlobo lwezinhlobo, iyingxenye yeqoqo le-Naturalis Biodiversity Center I-Leiden.[2]

[./Generic_name_(&#x3C;i&#x20;id= bi)" id="mwVA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Generic name (biology)">igama elivamile] elithi *I-heliactin* lisuselwa emagameni IsiGreki athi helios asho "ilanga" nelithi *i-aktin* asho "ukukhishwa kwelanga", kuyilapho igama eliqondile elithi *i-lophos* lisuselwa egameni IsiLatini elithi bi elisho "amabili" noma "amabili") kanye nelesiGreki elithi lophos elisho "isiqu". I-Bilophus, esikhundleni se-*I-bilopha* noma *I-bilophum*, ilungile naphezu kokungafanani phakathi kokuphela kwayo okubonakala kungokwesilisa nokwesilisa kohlobo. "I-Horned sungem" igama elivamile lesiNgisi elingokomthetho eliqokwe yI-International Ornithologists' Union (IOU). Lezi zinhlobo zaziwa nangokuthi "i-sungem".