open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ūi-iām

**Ūi-iām** sī ūi ê liâm-mo̍·h hoat-giām ê pēⁿ-lí piàn-hòa, it-poaⁿ pun kip-sèng ūi-iām kap bān-sèng ūi-iām 2 chióng.

Ūi-iām ê pēⁿ-in pau-koah NSAID (chí-thiàⁿ io̍h-á), *[[Helicobacter pylori]]* (bâi-kín), hun, chiú-cheng, chū-thé-bián-e̍k-pēⁿ.  

*A*-hêng bān-sèng ūi-iām khah chia̍p hoat-seng tī ūi-té ê pō·-ūi.  Che kap chū-thé-bián-e̍k īⁿ-siông ū koan-hē (ok-sèng pîn-hiat, kah-chōng-soàⁿ-iām).  *B*-hêng kap ūi-tō· khah ū koan-hē, tì-pēⁿ ê in-sò· pau-koah *H. pylori*, NSAID, pēⁿ-to̍k (pâu-chín, CMV).  Kî-tiong tn̂g-kî sú-iōng NSAID sī siāng chia̍p tú--tio̍h ê goân-in.

Ūi-iām sī seⁿ ūi-gâm ê gûi-hiám in-chú chi it.

## Tsù-kái
Huron Ô͘

**Huron Ô͘** (Eng-gí: *Lake Huron*) sī Pak Bí-chiu Gō͘-toā-ô͘ ê kî-tiong chi̍t-ê, tiàm tī Michigan kap Ontario chi-kan. I àn Mackinac Hái-kiap kap Michigan Ô͘ sio-liân, chúi ùi St. Clair Hô ǹg lâm-pêng lâu khì St. Clair Ô͘. Huron Ô͘ tiong-ng ê Manitoulin Tó sī sè-kài siāng toā ê tiàm tī ô͘--ni̍h ê tó-sū.
Kang Bûn-iā

thumb|Kang Bûn-iā
**Kang Bûn-iā** (Hàn-jī: 江文也, Hô-im Ko Bunya, 1910 nî – 1983 nî), gôan-miâ **Kang Bûn-pin** (Hàn-jī: 江文彬) 

1910 nî chhut-sì tī Sam-chi (chit-má ê Sin-pak-chhī Sam-chi-khu).

## Chok-phín
*Tâi-ôan Bú-khiok (臺灣舞曲, 1936)
*Chhân-hn̂g Si-khek (田園詩曲, 1938)
*Kó͘-to͘ Sò͘-biâu (故都素描, 1939)
*Khóng-biō Tāi-sêng Ga̍k-chiuⁿ (孔廟大成樂章, 1940)
*Kì-liâm Khut-goân Kau-hiáng-si (紀念屈原交響詩, 1953)

## Sòaⁿ-téng chu-gôan
*Tiuⁿ Kiàn-liông siá Kang Bûn-iā

Lūi-pia̍t:1910 nî chhut-sì
Lūi-pia̍t:1983 nî kòe-sin
Soāiⁿ-á

**Soāiⁿ-á** (Hàn-jī: 檨仔) pún-té chhut-sán tī Ìn-tō͘. Hô-lân-lâng tī 16 sè-kì àn lâm-iûⁿ ín-chìn Tâi-oân chai-pôe. Ín-chìn ê phín-chéng sī chit-má sio̍k-chheng ê thó͘-sōaiⁿ-á. 

## Chéng
Tāi-iok 35 chéng, chhin-chhiūⁿ:
* *[[Mangifera altissima]]*
* *[[Mangifera applanata]]*
* *[[Mangifera caesia]]*
* *[[Mangifera camptosperma]]*
* *[[Mangifera casturi]]*
* *[[Mangifera decandra]]*
* *[[Mangifera foetida]]*
* *[[Mangifera gedebe]]*
* *[[Mangifera griffithii]]*
* *[[Mangifera indica]]*
* *[[Mangifera kemanga]]*
* *[[Mangifera laurina]]*
* *[[Mangifera longipes]]*
* *[[Mangifera macrocarpa]]*
* *[[Mangifera mekongensis]]*
* *[[Mangifera odorata]]*
* *[[Mangifera pajang]]*
* *[[Mangifera pentandra]]*
* *[[Mangifera persiciformis]]*
* *[[Mangifera quadrifida]]*
* *[[Mangifera siamensis]]*
* *[[Mangifera similis]]*
* *[[Mangifera swintonioides]]*
* *[[Mangifera sylvatica]]*
* *[[Mangifera torquenda]]*
* *[[Mangifera zeylanica]]*
Ông Kiat-soan

**Ông Kiat-soan** (Hàn-jī: 王吉宣), 1941?-, Tâi-tiong-kōan Sin-kóng-hiong Chùn-tó· lâng. *Hoan Ông Iáⁿ-sī Tōa-ga̍k-tūi* thôan-tiúⁿ. Tâi-oân chhut-miâ ê liû-hêng-im-ga̍k ián-chàu-ka, bat 11 chióng ga̍k-khì, iû-kî cheng-thong Saxophone, o·-ta̍t-á. 

Ông chū 12-hòe khai-sí tī ga̍k-khì-hâng chò sai-á, tùi hit-chūn khai-sí o̍h im-ga̍k, chàu ga̍k-khì (sió lá-pah). I aū--lâi tī Tiong-sī tòa 4-tang-pòaⁿ, koh tī Tâi-sī tòa 17-tang-pòaⁿ, mā ū tan-jīm *Sam-li̍p Tōa-ga̍k-tūi* ê chóng-chí-hui. Koa-chheⁿ Tēng Lē-kun bat sàng i 1-ki pó-kùi ê se-iûⁿ "té-ta̍t-á" (piccolo). 

I chêng kàu taⁿ hoat-piáu ê koh-jîn ián-chàu choan-chi̍p chhiau kòe 100 tiuⁿ.

## Sòaⁿ-téng chu-gôan
*Hoan Ông: iōng sèⁿ-miā ián-chàu ê ga̍k-su
Sek-khia

**Sek-khia** sī chı̍t-chióng jia̍t-tāi kóe-chí, mā hō-chò  hoan-nāi-chi, hu̍t-thâu-kó, in-ūi gōa-hêng sêng Sek-khia-bô͘-nî (Hu̍t-chó͘) ê thâu.  Tī Bí-chiu kiò *Cherimoya*; tī To-bêng-nî-ka kiò *Guanabana*; tī Eng-kok kiò *Custard Apple*.  Hô-lân-lâng tī 17 sè-kí àn jia̍t-tāi Bí-chiu ín-chìn Tâi-oân chai-pôe.

Ông-lâi-sek-khia sī it-poaⁿ ê *Annona squamosa* (sek-khia) kap *A. cherimola* (Hg: 冷子番荔枝) ê lām-chéng, kiò *Atemoya*.  Kî-tha ê chéng pau-koat *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soursop A. muricata]*.

## Chham-khó chu-liāu
* USDA Plant Profile 
* NewCROP

## Sòaⁿ-téng chu-gôan
* Tâi-tang Sek-khia
Iû-tâng

**Iû-tâng** (ha̍k-miâ: *Vernicia fordii*) sī 1-chióng si̍t-bu̍t.  

I ê chí éng-koè chin ū keng-chè kè-ta̍t.  Lāi-té ê iû ē-tàng iōng lâi chò iû-chhat ê sêng-hūn, ū hông-chúi ê chok-iōng.  Í-chá mā ū chò jiân-liāu iōng.
O͘-ji̍t-khu

**O͘-ji̍t-khu** (烏日區) sī Tâi-oân Tâi-tiong-chhī ē-kha ê 1-ê khu.

## Tē-lí

O͘-ji̍t-khu tī tong-keng 120.38-tō͘, pak-hūi 24.07-tō͘, Tâi-tiong-chhī ê se-lâm kak. Pak-pêng sio-chiap Lâm-khu kap Lâm-tūn-khu, tang-pêng sī Tāi-lí-khu kap Bū-hong-khu, lâm-pêng sī Hun-hn̂g-hiong, sai-pêng sī Tōa-tō͘-khu kap Chiong-hòa-chhī.

Tang-se ū 8.4 kong-lí, lâm-pak ū 10.4 kong-lí, chóng-bīn-chek sī 43.3 pêng-hong kong-lí.

O͘-ji̍t chē hô-chhoan. Tōa-tō͘-khe, O͘-khe kap in ê hun-ki chhng kòe O͘-ji̍t. Ū chò tōa-chúi ê gûi-ki, chóng-sī mā sī chá-chêng ê keng-chè ki-chhó͘ chi it.

## Lí

Hiān-tāi ê O͘-ji̍t-khu ū 16 lí: 

*Chiân-tek
*Êng-chôaⁿ
*O̍h-chhân
*Kiú-tek
*Jîn-tek
*Kong-bêng
*Khe-bóe
*Khe-pà
*Lâm-lí
*Lê-thâm
*Ngó͘-kong
*O͘-ji̍t
*Ô͘-ji̍t
*Pak-lí
*Sam-hô
*Tang-hn̂g

O͘-ji̍t tī 1946-nî siat hiong, 2010 nî 12 goe̍h 25 ji̍t siat khu.

## Keng-chè

Tī Khiân-liông sî-tāi, O͘-ji̍t tē-khu ê hàn-jîn ná lâi ná chē. Khí Ông-chhân-chùn (王田圳) liáu-āu, tùi Tâi-tiong ín--lâi ê chúi-gôan chı̍t-ē ún-tēng, jîn-kháu tō tōa cheng-ka. Ke-ê tiū-bí thàu-kòe hô-chhoan hē-thóng tùi Ô͘-ji̍t-káng ūn kàu Lo̍k-káng. Khiân-liông 50-nî (1785-nî) chìn-chêng, seng chóan-ūn kaù An-pêng-káng, chiah tùi hia chài kòe hái-kiap bē khì Hok-kiàn. Khiân-liông 50-nî í-āu, tō ti̍t-chiap tùi Lo̍k-káng ūn khì Hok-kiàn.

Tâi-oân Ko-thih ê Tâi-tiong Chām khí tī Sam-hô-lí.

## Siā-hōe

Tùi O͘-ji̍t ê chi̍t-kóa kū tē-miâ (chhin-chhiūⁿ Hoan-á-hn̂g) ē-tit liáu-kái O͘-ji̍t tē-khu gôan-pún sī lâm-tó pêⁿ-po͘ cho̍k-kûn ê o̍ah-tōng tē-pôaⁿ.

Kin-kù 1926-nî (?) ê tiau-cha, O͘-ji̍t ê jîn-kháu ū 8,500-lâng, kî-tiong 94% chó͘-chek sī Hok-kiàn Chiang-chiu. Kàu , O͘-ji̍t-khu ū -lâng.

O͘-ji̍t ê sîn-bêng pau-koat Kóng-hūi Chun-ông, Thian-siōng Sèng-bó, Hiân-thân Gôan-sòe, Khai-chiong Sèng-ông.

## Kau-thong
### Thih-lō͘
;
* Tâi-tiong-sòaⁿ: O͘-ji̍t Chhia-thâu – Sin O͘-ji̍t Chhia-thâu – Sêng-kong Chhia-thâu
* Sêng-tui sòaⁿ: Sêng-kong Chhia-thâu

;
* Tâi-oân Ko-sok Thih-lō͘: Tâi-tiong Chām

;Tâi-tiong Chia̍t-ūn
*  Le̍k-sòaⁿ: Káu-tiuⁿ-lê Chām – Kiú-tek Chām – O͘-ji̍t Chām – Ko-thih Tâi-tiong Chām

## Chham-khó chu-liāu
*烏日文史協會 烏日文史匯編第一集
*中縣烏日鄉公所 烏日鄉志文化篇 

## Chām-gōa chu-gôan
*O͘-ji̍t Khu-kong-só͘ 
*O͘-ji̍t Kok-bîn Sió-ha̍k , O͘-ji̍t Kok-bîn Tiong-ha̍k 
*O͘-ji̍t Siau-hông Hun-tūi 
*O͘-ji̍t Bûn-sú Hia̍p-hōe
Pátria

**Pátria** (Phû-tô-gâ-gí, "Pē ê Tē"/"Chó·-kok") sī Tang Timor ê kok-koa.
* Sû chok-chiá: Francisco Borja da Costa
* Khek chok-chiá: Afonso de Araujo
* Chhòng-chok-nî: 1975; Chhái-iōng: 2002

## Phû-tô-gâ-bûn

:*Pátria, Pátria, Timor-Leste, nossa Nação.*
:*Glória ao povo e aos heróis da nossa libertação.*
:*Pátria, Pátria, Timor-Leste, nossa Nação.*
:*Glória ao povo e aos heróis da nossa libertação.*
:*Vencemos o colonialismo, gritamos:*
:*abaixo o imperialismo.* 
:*Terra livre, povo livre,* 
:*não, não, não à exploração.* 
:*Avante unidos firmes e decididos.*
:*Na luta contra o imperialismo*
:*o inimigo dos povos, até à vitória final.*
:*Pelo caminho da revolução.*

## Hō-ló-bûn hoan-e̍k

:*Chó·-kok, Chó·-kok, Tang Timor lán ê Kok-ka.*
:*Êng-iāu jîn-bîn kap tháu-pa̍k lán ê eng-hiông.*
:*Chó·-kok, Chó·-kok, Tang Timor lán ê Kok-ka.*
:*Êng-iāu jîn-bîn kap tháu-pa̍k lán ê eng-hiông.*
:*Góan ián-tó si̍t-bîn-chú-gī, góan hoah chhut:*
:*tè-kok-chú-gī hā-tâi.*
:*Chū-iû ê thó·-tē, chū-iû ê jîn-bîn,*
:*kū-cho̍at kū-cho̍at kū-cho̍at pak-siah.*
:*Thoân-kiat hiòng-chiân, kian-kiông sim tiāⁿ.*
:*Hóan tè-kok-chú-gī,*
:*hóan jîn-bîn ê te̍k-jîn, kàu kah chòe-āu ê sèng-lī.*
:*Tī kek-bēng ê lō·--nih.*

## Chām-gōa lian-kiat
* Pátria (chheng-chhiùⁿ)
* Pátria (phòe kau-hiáng-ga̍k)
* Pátria (Bí-kok Hái-kun Ga̍k-tūi chàu)
Tâi-tiong-koān

**Tâi-tiong-koān** (Hàn-jī: 臺中縣) sī Tâi-oân í-chêng ê 1-ê koān, tī Tâi-oân sai-hoāⁿ ê tiong-pō͘. Tē-lí-siōng sī Tâi-tiong-chhī ê gōa-ûi. Tī 2010 nî, kap Tâi-tiong-chhī ha̍p-pēng.

## Hêng-chèng tan-ūi
### Chhī
*Hong-goân-chhī 
*Tāi-lí-chhī
*Thài-pêng-chhī

### Tìn
*Tang-sì-tìn
*Tāi-kah-tìn
*Chheng-chúi-tìn
*Soa-la̍k-tìn
*Gô͘-chhe-tìn

### Hiong
*Aū-lí-hiong
*Sin-kóng-hiong
*Thâm-chú-hiong
*Tāi-ngé-hiong
*Sin-siā-hiong
*Chio̍h-kng-hiong
*Goā-po͘-hiong
*Tāi-an-hiong
*O·-ji̍t-hiong
*Tōa-tō͘-hiong
*Liông-chéⁿ-hiong
*Bū-hong-hiong
*Hô-pêng-hiong

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
*Koān-chèng-hú bāng-chām
Sin-kóng-khu

**Sin-Kóng-khu** (, chāi-tē ê miâⁿ), mā hō͘-chò **Sîn-kong-khu** (, chèng-sek miâⁿ), ** Sîn-kóng-khu**, sī Tâi-oân Tâi-tiong-chhī ē-kha ê 1-ê khu.

## Lí
* Saⁿ-kak-lí (三角里)
* Tōa-siā-lí (大社里) (Tōa-siā)
* Soaⁿ-phôe-lí (山皮里)
* Pak-chng-lí (北庄里)
* Chùn-chêng-lí (圳前里)
* Chùn-tó·-lí (圳堵里)
* Hoāⁿ-lāi-lí (岸裡里)
* Siā-kháu-lí (社口里)
* Siā-lâm-lí (社南里)
* Sîn-kóng-lí (新廣里)
* Sîn-chiu-lí (神洲里)
* Sin-chng-lí (新庄里)
* Khe-chiu-lí (溪洲里)
* Hong-chiu-lí (豐洲里)
* Chng-chêng-lí (庄前里)
* Chng-āu-lí (庄後里)

## Chām-gōa liân-kiat
* Sin-kóng Khu-kong-só͘ 

## Chù-kái


Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-tiong-chhī ê hêng-chèng-khu
Chhiū-m̂

**Chhiū-m̂** (hàn-jī: 樹梅) sī chúi-kó ê 1-chióng. Gôan-chhut-sán-tē tī Tiong-kok, Ji̍t-pún, Tāi-hân Bîn-kok.  Tâi-oân ê phín-chióng khah chē lâi chū Ji̍t-pún.

5-go̍eh tiong-ē-sûn sī sán-kùi.

Tī Tâi-oân, pak-pō· ê kē hái-po̍at soaⁿ-tē sī chú-iàu ê chèng-choh tē-tāi, iû-kî sī Tâi-pak Sū-lîm, Ba̍k-sa, Koan-im-soaⁿ, Thô-hn̂g Iûⁿ-mûi kap Sin-tek Sin Po·.

## Chām-gōa liân-kiat
*http://udn.com/NEWS/TRAVEL/TRA1/2007505.shtml
Hô Chi̍p-hoâi

**Hô Chi̍p-hoâi** (hàn-jī:何集淮), Jī-chhit-pō·-tūi ê sêng-oân chi it, li̍p-hoat-úi-oân Tân Bûn-chhiàn ê kīn-chhin.
Kó͘ Sūi-hûn

**Kó· Sūi-hûn**, Jī-chhit-pō·-tūi ê sêng-oân chi it.

## Tù-chok
**Tâi-tiong ê Hong-lûi* (台中的風雷, 1993)
Se-pan-gâ-lâng

**Se-pan-gâ-lâng** (Se-pan-gâ-gí: *Españoles*; Hàn-jī: 西班牙人) sī chí Se-pan-gâ chit-ê kok-ka ê kok-bîn.
Sian-lú toán-tiau

**Sian-lú-toán-tiau** (ha̍k-miâ: *Teleocichla cinderella* ; Hàn-jī: 仙女短鯛) sī chı̍t-chióng seng-o̍ah tī Lâm-bí-chiu ê toán-tiau.

## Chham-khó chu-liāu
*Fishbase ê tóng-àn
Ka-tang

**Ka-tang** (ha̍k-miâ: *Bischofia javanica*) sī chi̍t-chióng chhiū-á, chhiū-hio̍h ōm, kôaⁿ-thiⁿ khui-hoe.  Sî-siâng chèng tī jîn-hêng-tō cha̍h ji̍t.

## Sòaⁿ-téng chu-gôan

*USDA Plants Profile
*Si̍t-bu̍t ê Tâi-oân-miâ: Ka-tang
*茄苳中央研究院数位典藏资源网
Lô-má-jī

**Lô-má-jī**/**Roma-jī** (Hàn-jī: 羅馬字), **Lia̍p(La)-teng-jī**/**Lating bûn-jī** (Hàn-jī: 拉丁字) sī sè-kài siāng sî-kiâⁿ ê bûn-jī hē-thóng, Eng-gí kap chē-chē ê gí-giân lóng-iōng Lô-má-jī lâi su-siá.

## Le̍k-sú

### Kó͘ Italia-sek jī-bó-hē
Ga

### Kó͘-tāi lating jī-bó-hē

### Kó͘-tián lating jī-bó-hē

### ISO ki-pún lating jī-bó-hē

## Siāng ki-pún 26-ê jī-bó
Hiān-tāi Eng-gí iōng ê Lô-má-jī:

Lia̍p-teng-gí bô iōng J, U, kap W.

1-kóa Slav gú iōng Lô-má-jī bô iōng Kiril bûn-jī. Pho-lân-gí iōng 1-kóa kap Z/z kiat-ha̍p ê liân-jī (ligatures) lâi tāi-piáu te̍k-sû--ê im-ta̍t (音值, phonetic values), koh iōng ł lâi piau sio-siâng w--ê im. Chia̍t-khek-gí ke-thiⁿ phiat-im hû-hō, jû Dvořák. Sìn Tang-chèng-kàu--ê Slav Tē-khu it-poaⁿ iong sêng Hi-lia̍p jī-bó--ê Cyrillic jī-bó. Hausa-gí ke iōng 3--ê chú-im: ɓ, ɗ kap ƙ.

## Pí-kàu
* Hi-lia̍p jī
* Hi-pek-lâi jī
* Cyrillic jī

## Chham-khó
* La-teng jī-bió

Lūi-pia̍t:Jī-bó-hē
O͘-ta̍t-á

**O˙-ta̍t-á** (hàn-jī: 烏笛仔) sī 1 chióng se-iûⁿ ga̍k-khì, sio̍k-î bo̍k-kńg lūi, 1690 nî chiaⁿ-go̍eh 14 tī Tek-kok Nuremberg hoat-bêng.

Choan-gia̍p-te̍k ê o·-ta̍t-á khak sī "tēng-chhâ" (*hardwood*) chò--ê, te̍k-pia̍t sī Hui-chiu ê *[[grenadilla]]* a̍h-sī Honduras ê *rosewood*. Sai-á ga̍k-khì it-poaⁿ sī sok-ka--ê (thong-siông sī *ebonite*). O·-ta̍t-á sī tan-hông (*single reed*), chàu-ga̍k-chiá kā *reed* kâm tī chhùi-lāi, pûn hong hō· reed ē tín-tāng tō ē chhut siaⁿ.

*O·-ta̍t-á* chit-ê bêng-sû biô-siá ga̍k-khì ê sek-tì (it-poaⁿ seⁿ-sêng o·-sek) kap i ê hêng (sêng ta̍t-á), só·-í mā kiò chò **o·-kńg**. Bîn-kan ū-sî ē chheng-ho· i sī 1-chióng "kó·-chhoe".

Tâi-oân chhut-miâ ê o·-ta̍t-á ga̍k-ka pau-koat Ông Kiat-soan (jazz, liû-hêng-koa).

## Sòaⁿ-téng chu-gôan
* 黑達仔的家
Bí-lē-tó Sū-kiāⁿ

**Bí-lē-tó Sū-kiāⁿ** (Hàn-jī: 美麗島事件) iah sī **Ko-hiông Sū-kiāⁿ** (Hàn-jī: 高雄事件) sī 1979 nî 12 go̍eh chhe 10 hoat-seng tī Tâi-oân Ko-hiông-chhī ê chèng-tī sū-kiāⁿ.

## Sū-kiāⁿ hoat-seng ê keng-kòe
Tiong-kok Kok-bîn-tóng, Tiong-hôa-bîn-kok chèng-hú ê Sin-bûn-kio̍k (Sòng Chhó͘-jû)

## Sū-kiāⁿ ê éng-hióng

## Siang-koan ê jîn-bu̍t
*Si Bêng-tek
*Iâu Ka-bûn
*N̂g Sìn-kài
*Lī Siù-liân
*Tân Kiok
*Lîm Gī-hiông

## Siang-koan ê bûn-chiuⁿ
*Tóng-gōa
*Bí-lē-tó Cha̍p-chì

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê chèng-tī
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê le̍k-sú
Sò͘-hôan-chin

**Sò·-hôan-chin** (Hàn-jī: 素還真) sī Phek-le̍k pò·-tē-hì tiong ê chi̍t-ê jîn-bu̍t.

## [[Chhut-tiûⁿ-si]]
Pòan sîn pòan sèng ia̍h pòan sian
Chôan jû chôan tō sī chôan hiân
Náu tiong chin su chông bān kòan
Chiáng ak bûn bú pòaⁿ pian thian

半神半聖亦半仙
全儒全道是全賢
腦中真書藏萬貫
掌握文武半邊天
Âng-mn̂g-siâⁿ

**Âng-mn̂g-siâⁿ** (, ), 1628 nî Se-pan-gâ-lâng tī Tâi-oân pak-po· ê Hō·-bóe khí ê siâⁿ.

## Le̍k-sú

Kàu 1642 nî ê sî, Hô-lân-lâng ǹg-pak kóaⁿ-cháu Se-pan-gâ-lâng. In-ūi Hô-lân-lâng sio̍k-chheng Âng-mn̂g, ta̍k-ke sòa-lâi khai-sí kā San Domingo Siâⁿ kái-kiò **Âng-mn̂g-siâⁿ**. 1661 nî, Tēⁿ Sêng-kong kóaⁿ-cháu chôan Tâi-oân ê Hô-lân-lâng. Âng-mn̂g-siâⁿ lo̍h-ji̍p Bêng-chèng ê chhiú-thâu. 1681 nî Bêng-chèng bat siu-lí Âng-mn̂g-siaⁿ, jî-chhiáⁿ phài peng chū-siú. Nn̄g-nî-āu (1683 nî), Chheng-tiâu chhu̍t-peng phah-pāi Bêng-chèng, Tâi-oân siu-ji̍p Chheng-tiâu ê pán-tô·. Chi̍t-khai-sí ū phài an-pêng-chù-su tēng-kî sûn-sī Âng-mn̂g-siâⁿ, kàu Khong-hi òan-kî chiām-chiām sit-siu. Tī 1724 nî, Tām-chúi-thiaⁿ siu-lí Âng-mn̂g-siâ. Aū--lâi tī 1860 nî, Chheng-tiâu kap Eng-kok  chhiam Thian-chin Tiâu-iok. Àn Thian-chin Tiâu-iok, su-iàu khai-hòng Hō·-bóe ê káng-káu hō͘ gōa-kok-lâng chò seng-lí. 1861 nî Eng-kok tī Hō·-bóe siat léng-sū-kóan. 1868 nî, Eng-kok kah léng-sū-kóan sóa lâi Âng-mn̂g-siâⁿ.

Kàu 1970 nî-tāi chá-kî, Tiong-hôa-bîn-kok chèng-hú khai-sí sit-khì kap sè-kài chú-iàu kok-ka ê gōa-kau koan-hē. Eng-kok tī 1972 nî 3 go̍eh thiat-cháu siat tī Âng-mn̂g-siâⁿ ê léng-sū-kóan. Eng-kok ka Âng-mn̂g-siâⁿ chiām-sî kau Ò-chiu  kóan-lí. Kāng-nî 12 go̍eh, Tiong-hôa-bîn-kok kap Australia mā tōan-cho̍at-pang-kau. Kái kau ho· Bí-kok kóan-lí. It-ti̍t-kàu 1980 nî 6 go̍eh 30 hêng Tiong-hôa-bîn-kok.

## Sòaⁿ-téng chu-gôan
*http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/www2/cgi-bin/saelects.asp?Xrade=c001
*http://www.cabtc.gov.tw/tsha/18go-01.asp 

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê le̍k-sú
Lūi-pia̍t:Kiàn-tio̍k-bu̍t
Lūi-pia̍t:Sin-pak-chhī
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê kó͘-chek
Bo̍k-koe

**Bo̍k-koe** (*Carica papaya* L.) it-poaⁿ jīn-ûi lâi-chū Ba̍k-se-ko lâm-pō·, Tiong Bí-chiu hit-tah-á.  Hiān-chhú-sî chí-iàu sī jia̍t-tāi he̍k-chiá hā-jia̍t-tāi ê kok-ka tō ū bo̍k-koe seng-tióng.

Bo̍k-koe ū giâm-keh ê seng-tióng tiâu-kiāⁿ.

## Chham-chiàu
Hô-lân Tang Ìn-tō͘ Kong-si

**Hô-lân Tang Ìn-tō͘ Kong-si** (荷蘭東印度公司), ia̍h **Hô-lân Tang Ìn-tō͘ Hoē-siā** (荷蘭東印度會社), chèng-sek miâ-jī kiò-chò **Liân-ha̍p Tang Ìn-tō͘ Kong-si** (聯合東印度公司, , kám-siá: **VOC**) sī Hô-lân tī 1602 nî 3 goe̍h 20 ji̍t sêng-li̍p--ê kong-si, mā sī sè-kài siōng chòe-chá ê khòa-kok kong-si kah tu-sek-hoē-siā. 1799 nî 12 goe̍h 31 ji̍t kái-sàn.

## Sòaⁿ-téng chu-gôan
* The VOC and Formosa 
* 荷蘭東印度公司檔案有關臺灣史料介紹 

Lūi-pia̍t:A-chiu ê le̍k-sú
Lūi-pia̍t:Au-chiu ê le̍k-sú
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê le̍k-sú
Lūi-pia̍t:Hô-lân
Lêng-géng

**Lêng-géng** (**lêng-kéng**) sī chhut-sán tī tang-a ê kóe-chí. Tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ chham-tī thng, tiám-sim lāi-té. Lêng-géng seⁿ-chòe îⁿ-îⁿ. Ū chi̍t-têng kāu-kāu, sió-khóa tēng-tēng, chang-sek (ka-pi-sek) ê khak. Lêng-géng ê kóe-chí-bah pe̍h-pe̍h, nńg-nńg koh chúi-chúi. Lāi-té koh pau chi̍t-lia̍p o·-sek ê chí. Lêng-géng pha̍k-ta liáu piàn lêng-géng-koaⁿ. Lêng-géng-koaⁿ tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ hông tòng-chòe pó͘-io̍h iá-sī hàn-io̍h ê io̍h-châi. Lêng-géng kap nāi-chi chha-put-to tâng-sî chhut.

## Chām-gōa liân-kiat
* NutriBase Glossary: Fruits
Chin-chu gû-leng tê

**Chin-chu gû-leng tê** (真珠牛奶茶; hún-îⁿ leng-tê) sī chit̍-chióng ím-liāu.

Châi-liāu: hún-îⁿ (tōa-lia̍p--ê), thn̂g, âng-tê, gû-leng, peng-kak... 

Tī 1990 nî-tāi tùi Tâi-oân thôan kàu Hiong-káng. Tī Bí-kok tng sî-kiâⁿ.

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-tiong-chhī ê bûn-hòa
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-lâm-chhī ê bûn-hòa
Kam Ûi-lîm

**William Campbell** (), Ho̍h-ló miâ **Kam Ûi-lîm** (Hàn-jī: ), sī chi̍t ūi tī Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok Scotland Glasgow chhut-sì ê Tióng-ló Kàu-hōe ê bo̍k-su kiam thoân-kàu-sū. 19 sè-kí bóe-kî, Kam Ûi-lîm lâi káu Tâi-oân lâm-pō͘ thoân-kàu. 1891 nî 10 goe̍h, Kam Ûi-lîm tī Tâi-lâm chhòng-li̍p choân Tâi-oân tē-it keng chheⁿ-mê ha̍k-hāu Hùn-kó͘-tn̂g (); chiâⁿ-chòe Tâi-oân chheⁿ-mê ha̍k-hāu ê sian-hêng-chiá. Kam Ûi-lîm tī Tâi-oân ê sî-kan sī 1871 nî káu 1917 nî, chêng-āu lóng-chóng 46 tang.

## Chá-nî
1874 nî 4 goe̍h, Willian Campbell tī Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok Scotland ê Glasgow chhut-sì. Tī Glasgow Tāi-ha̍k ê kiû-ha̍k kî-kan, Campbell khai-sí tùi sîn-ha̍k sán-seng hèng-chhù; in-chhú, tī pit-gia̍p liáu-āu, i chiū chiân-óng Scotland Chū-iû Kàu-hōe sîn-ha̍k-īⁿ ê Glasgow hun-hāu siu-si̍p 4 nî ê sîn-ha̍k khò-thêng. 1871 nî 7 goe̍h 19 hō, Campbell tī Thain Davidson bo̍k-su chhōa-thâu ê Islington Kàu-hōe lāi-bīn, chiâⁿ-chòe tē-it ūi hái-gōa soan-kàu-sū.

## Thoân-kàu ê seng-gâi
### 1871 káu 1878 nî

### 1880 káu 1887 nî

### 1887 káu 1895 nî

### 1895 káu 1917 nî

## Tù-chok
**An Account of Missionary Success in the Island of Formosa* (ISBN 9576382998)
**[[Ē-mn̂g-im Sin Jī-tián]]* (ISBN 9578959923)
***[[Kam Ûi-lîm Tâi-gú Jī-tián]]* (ISBN 9789868456877)
**Formosa under the Dutch* (ISBN 9576380839) (ISBN 9578013922)
**Sketches from Formosa* (ISBN 9576383773) (ISBN 9578014910)
**Tī-lí Kàu-hōe*

## Siang-koan ê bûn-chiuⁿ
*Kam-jī-tián
*Chheⁿ-mê-o̍h

## Chham-khó chu-liāu
Âng-chhang-thâu

**Âng-chhang-thâu** sī chhang-sio̍k ê si̍t-bu̍t.

Âng-chhang-thâu sī khiàn-phang iōng-ê châi-liāu, chìⁿ-liáu phang-kòng-kòng. Ē-tàng būn bí-ko, būn iû-pn̄g, chò kóe, pa̍k chàng. Liāu-lí ê ùn-liāu chham âng-chhang-thâu mā chin ū khì-bī.

Goân-sán tī Se-a ê âng-chhang-thâu ha̍k-miâ *Allium ascalonicum* L. (tông-gī-sû: *Allium hierochuntinum* Boiss., *Allium cepa* L. var. *aggregatum* G. Don), ū choan-ka jīn-ûi sī chhang-thâu (*A. cepa*) ê 1 chióng.  Goân-sán Tiong-a ê *Allium oschaninii* O. Fedtsch. mā ē-sái kóng sī 1 chióng âng-chhang-thâu.

## Tô͘

Image:Âng-chhang-thaû.jpg|Tâi-oân
Image:Echalote_p1040227.jpg|Hoat-kok lâm-pō͘


## Chham-khó chu-liāu
*Fritsch RM, Friesen N.  2002.  Evolution, Domestication, and Taxonomy.  Tī *Allium Crop Science: Recent Advances*, Rabinowitch HD, Currah L ha̍p-pian.  2006/8/8 hā-chài.
*Chhit-kó͘ Hong-chêng:  Âng-chhang-thâu
Chhang-thâu

**Chhang-thâu** tō-sī hôa-gí ê "洋蔥".

## Liāu-lí-hoat

Chhang-thâu sī khiàn-phang ê châi-liāu, mā ē-tàng tòng-choè chheⁿ-chhài chhá lâi chia̍h. Chham ke-nn̄g, sán-bah lóng chin-hó chhú-lí. I mā ē-sái chòe salad, chhiat si lām khî-tha chheⁿ-chhài.
Chhài-se

**Chhài-se** sī chúi-hūn chē, ē-sái chia̍h ê si̍t-bu̍t, chhài-se thèng-hó kóng tio̍h-sī **chheⁿ-chhài**. Ngó͘-kok, kóe-chí m̄-sī chhài-se, m̄-koh ko͘-lūi, pō͘-hūn thang chú-chia̍h e kóe-chí ē-sái sǹg-sī chhài-se.

## Kok-chióng ê chhài-se

* Âng-chhang-thâu
* Chhang-thâu
* Kiô / Âng-phôe-chhài
* Môa-tek-sún
* Le̍k-tek-sún
* Tāi-tông-á
* Hiam-chio-á / hoan-á-kiuⁿ
* Pau-sim-pe̍h-á
* Ko-lê-chhài
* Âng ko-lê-chhài
* Pû-á
* Iân-sui
* Káu-chàn-thah
* Chhài-koe
* Chhài-thâu
* Âng-chhài-thâu
* Tang-koe
* Khó·-koe
* Kim-koe
* Èng-chhài
* Kú-chhài
* Koeh-niau
* Tāu-chhài


File:Bamboo sprouts, Taipei Times and Apple Daily Taiwan 20110910.jpg|Môa-tek-sún
File:07.05 總統參拜「三峽祖師廟」 (48203217862).jpg|Le̍k-tek-sún
File:Capsicum annuum, paprika.jpg|Tāi-tông-á
File:Madame Jeanette and other chillies.jpg|Hiam-chio-á
File:Kinakål (Norwegian) - Napa cabbage (english).jpg|Pau-sim-pe̍h-á
File:Mung bean sprouts.jpg|Tāu-chhài
Provence

**Provence** (tha̍k "phu-ló·-baⁿ-suh") sī Hoat-kok tang-lâm kak ê tē-tāi, chá-chêng sī chi̍t-ê séng. I khiā tiàm Tē-tiong-hái hái-hōaⁿ, tī Hoat-kok kap Italia ê piⁿ-kài. Provence ê liāu-lí, phû-tô-chiú kap phang-hún sī te̍k-pia̍t chhut-miâ ê sán-phin.

Province, iû-kî Marseille hit-tah-á, siū Hi-lia̍p ûi-chú ê Tē-tiong-hái bûn-hòa éng-hióng. Āu--lâi pìⁿ Lô-má Tè-kok siōng chá tī Se Europa sêng-li̍p ê chi̍t séng. I ê mîa àn Lia̍p-teng-gú *provincia* lâi--ê, ì-sù sī "séng".

Kiōng-hô-kok ê tiong-iong chèng-hú ūi beh phah-phòa tē-hng ê chèng-tī la̍t, tī 1790-nî hùi-séng, kā thiah chò kúi-nā-ê kōan (*département*) ê hêng-chèng tan-ūi. I ê hōan-ûi iok-lio̍k téng-î hiān-tāi ê Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur hêng-chèng-khu -- Bouches-du-Rhône kōan (13), Vaucluse kōan (84), Alpes-de-Haute-Provence kōan (04), Var kōan (83), Alpes-Maritimes kōan (06) -- koh ke Ardèche kōan (07) kap Drôme kōan (26) ê lâm-pêng.

Provence ê khì-hāu siū Tē-tiong-hái éng-hióng, kài-hó.

Chú-iàu ê siâⁿ-chhī pau-koat Nice kap Marseille. Provence-gí (*Provençal*) sī thôan-thóng ê bó-gí kap bûn-giân.

## Jîn-bu̍t
* Frédéric Mistral
Kiô-á

**Kiô** (**kiô-á**) sī chi̍t-khoán si̍t-bu̍t.

## Bûn-hòa
Kiô kap kiô-á-châng ê ki-kut, hio̍h-á lóng-sī "chí-âng"-sek--ê. Só·-í Tâi-oân-lâng kā chí-âng-sek ê sek-chúi kiò-chòe kîo-á-sek. Ū-lâng kā ta-po·-lâng ê lān-chiáu kiò-chòe kiô, soah kā chin-chiàⁿ ê kiô chheng-ho· chòe **âng-phôe-chhài**, che kap kā chúi-ke--á kiò-chòe sì-kha-hî kāng ì-sù.

"Chiáⁿ-chhài kiâm-kiô", kiô ê liāu-lí ū nn̄g-khoán, chi̍t-khoán iōng chhá--ê, chi̍t-khoán iōng sa̍h--ê, sa̍h-sa̍h--leh ùn tāu-iû chham sòan-jiông, ū-kiâm hó-chia̍h, khah chió lâng leh chú thng.

## Tô͘

Image:Solanum melongena ja02.jpg|Kiô-á-châng


## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat

Lūi-pia̍t:Chin-siang-chí-hio̍h si̍t-bu̍t
Chúi-pī-á

**Chúi-pī-á** (ha̍k-miâ: *Tachybaptus ruficollis*) sī Podicipediformes bo̍k Podicipedidae kho ê chiáu-á.

Tōa-pō·-hūn ê chúi-chiáu-á, tú-tio̍h hûi-hiám tio̍h-ē poe-lī chúi-bīn pī-hiám, ka-na **chúi-pī-á** ē-hiáu chhàng-ji̍p chúi-lāi siám-phiah hûi-hiám. In chhàng-tī chúi-chháu iah sī lô·-tek-á kha, chhun-chhut in ê chhùi-pe chhoán-khùi, tán-thāi thiⁿ-te̍k lī-khui.
Tâi-oân liāu-lí

### Tâi-oân liāu-lí

* Jiû-hî keⁿ (鰇魚羹)
* Ló͘-bah pn̄g (魯肉飯)
* Ô-á-chian (蚵仔煎)
* Ô-á mī-sòaⁿ (蚵仔麵線)
* O͘-bí-ko (烏米糕)
* Ò-giô peng, Ài-gio̍k peng (愛玉冰)
* Ō͘ peng (芋冰)
* Sian-chháu (仙草)
* Tâng-á-bí-ko
* Thô-thoh-hî-keⁿ
Kim-thâu-á

Ah-kang ê thâu kap ām-kún, ū kim-kim le̍k-se̍k ê mn̂g, só͘-í kiò-choè **Kim-thâu-á**.  Phah-la̍h ê lâng koàn-sì iōng chúi-ah ê miâ.  Tī Tâi-oân sī phó͘-phiàn ê koè-tang-chiáu.
Pe̍h-lêng-si

**Pe̍h-lêng-si** (Hàn-jī: 白翎鷥; ha̍k-miâ: *Egretta*) sī chiáu-á ê 1 ê sio̍k.

## Chéng
* *Egretta alba*,:en:Great Egret
* *Egretta intermedia*,:en:Intermediate Egret
* *Egretta eulophotes*,:en:Chinese Egret
* *Egretta garzetta*,:en:Little Egret 
* *Egretta sacra*,:en:Eastern Reef Egret
* *Egretta thula*,:en:Snowy Egret 
* *Egretta rufescens*,:en:Reddish Egret 
* *Egretta vinaceigula*,:en:Slaty Egret
* *Egretta picata*
* *Egretta ardesiaca*,:en:Black Heron
* *Egretta tricolor*:en:Tricolored Heron 
* *Egretta novaehollandiae*,:en:White-faced Heron 
* *Egretta caerulea*,:en:Little Blue Heron
Chage and Aska

**CHAGE and ASKA** sī 1-tùi Ji̍t-pún liû-hêng im-ga̍k-ka, CHAGE (Sibata Syûzi 柴田秀之) kap ASKA (Miyazaki Sigeaki 宮崎重明).  In thâu-1-pái chhut-hiān tī 1979 nî ê Yamaha Liû-hêng-koa Pí-sài (ポピュラーソングコンテスト).  Chū hit-chūn bat chhut kòe chin chē tiuⁿ choan-chi̍p, mā bat siū-pan kúi-nā-ê im-ga̍k chióng.  Tī Ji̍t-pún in siāng chhut-miâ ê koa hō-chò "Say YES"; che sī "101-kái Kiû-hun" (101回目のプロポーズ, 1991 nî) chit-chhut liân-sio̍k-kio̍k ê chú-tê koa.
Kiú-tek-lí

**Kiú-tek-lí** (Hàn-jī: 九德里), kū-miâ **Káu-tiuⁿ-lê** (九張犁), sī Tâi-tiong-chhī O͘-ji̍t-khu ē-kha ê lí.
San Salvador Siâⁿ

:*Khu-pia̍t-ia̍h: [[El Salvador]] ê siú-to· mā-sī kiò-chò [[San Salvador]]*

**San Salvador Siâⁿ**, 1626 nî Se-pan-gâ-lâng tī Ke-lâng Siā-liàu-tó khí San Salvador Siâⁿ (Se-pan-gâ-gí: *San Salvador*).

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê le̍k-sú
Tiuⁿ Ngó͘-kun

**Tiuⁿ Ngó͘-kun** (Hàn-jī: 張我軍; 1902 nî 10 go̍eh chhe 7 - 1955 nî 11go̍eh chhe 3), pún-miâ Tiuⁿ Chheng-êng (張清榮), Pang-kiô lâng, Tâi-oân sin-bûn-ha̍k e chok-ka.

## Chham-khó chu-liâu
*Tiuⁿ Ngó͘-kun nî-pió
Ô͘-ji̍t-lí

**Ô͘-ji̍t-lí** (湖日里) sī Tâi-tiong-chhī O͘-ji̍t-khu ē-kha ê lí.

Ô͘-ji̍t-lí kap O͘-ji̍t-lí (烏日里) bô kāng. 

**Pòaⁿ-lō͘-tiàm--á** (半路店仔) chí kó͘-chá tùi Chiong-hòa-siâⁿ kòe Tōa-tō͘-khe kàu Lê-thâu-tiàm (Lâm-tūn) ê tiong-kan-tiám.
Chù-im hû-hō

*Iú-koan kā bûn-jī kì hoat-im ê hong-hoat, chhiáⁿ-khoàⁿ [[Im-piau]].*

**Chù-im hû-hō** (注音符號), sī Ngô͘ Kèng-hêng (吳敬恆) léng-tō ê Tho̍k-im Thońg-it Hōe (讀音統一會) tī 1912-1913 nî thê-chhut "chù-im-jī-bó"/"chù-im hû-hō", iōng-lâi piau-sī Hàn-jī ê hoat-im. Tû-liáu thang piáu-sī Hôa-gí hoat-im í-gōa, mā bat siat-kè kòe hō͘ Kńg-tang-ōe, Tâi-gí, Kheh-gí téng-téng kî-tha Hàn-gí ê chù-im, chhiōⁿ hong-im hû-hō.

## Hoat-im pió

### Chú-im

### Bó-im

## Siong-koan Bûn-chioⁿ
* Tâi-oân hong-im hû-hō
* Hàn-gí Pheng-im
Oseltamivir

**Oseltamivir** (C16H28N2O4) sī 1-ê khòng-pēⁿ-to̍k io̍h-á, iōng lâi ī-hông kap tī-liâu liû-hêng-sèng kám-mō· pēⁿ-to̍k A kap B-hêng. Che sī tē-1-ê siang-gia̍p-kài (Gilead Sciences) gián-hoat chhut-lâi ê kháu-ho̍k-sèng sîn-keng-an-sng-mûi at-chè-sò· (*neuraminidase inhibitor*), bo̍k-chêng iû Hoffman-La Roche (Roche) hêng-siau, chiūⁿ-chhī ê mâi hō-chò **Tamiflu**®, Tâi-oân hō-chò **Khek-liû-kám**, mā ū hō-chò **Khek-bín-hok**.

Oseltamivir sī 1-ê *prodrug*, tī koaⁿ lāi-té chúi-kái liáu-āu chiâⁿ-chò ū oa̍h-sèng ê tāi-siā-bu̍t (*metabolite*).

## Seng-sán kòe-têng
*Shikimic acid* sī oseltamivir seng-sán koè-têng ê tiōng-iàu sêng-hūn, chú-iàu lâi-goân sī peh-kak. 

Elias Corey (1990 nî ê Nobel Hòa-ha̍k Chióng ti̍t-chú) kap i ê ha̍k-seng tī 2006 nî hoat-bêng sin khoán ê chè-chō pō͘-sò͘, oân-choân m̄-bián i-lāi peh-kak.

## Siong-koan bûn-chiuⁿ
* Amantadine, rimantadine - M2 at-chè-sò·.
* zanamivir - lēng-gōa 1-chióng sîn-keng-an-sng-mûi at-chè-sò·.
* Khîm-liû-kám
* 2009 nî liû-kám toā-liû-hêng

## Chham-khó chu-liāu


## Gōa-pō· liân-kiat
* Tamiflu koaⁿ-hong chām
* Siāng sin ê Oseltamivir gián-kiù 
* MedlinePlus i-io̍h chu-sìn
* Bí-kok FDA ê chu-sìn
Lê-thâm-lí

**Lê-thâm-lí** (螺潭里), kū-miâ Chio̍h-lê-thâm (石螺潭) sī Tâi-tiong-chhī O͘-ji̍t-khu ē-kha ê lí.

Tī O͘-khe tāng-hōaⁿ.
Ngó͘-kong-lí

**Ngó͘-kong-lí** (五光里), kū-miâ **Gō͘-tiuⁿ-lê** (五張犁) sī Tâi-tiong-chhī O͘-ji̍t-khu ē-kha ê lí.
Khe-bóe-lí

**Khe-bóe-lí** (溪尾里), kū-miâ Khe-bóe-liâu (溪尾寮), sī Tâi-tiong-chhī O͘-ji̍t-khu ē-kha ê lí.

"Khe-bóe" chí O͘-khe sio-chiap Niau-lô-khe hit koeh.
Tang-hn̂g-lí

**Tang-hn̂g-lí** (東園里), kū-miâ Hoan-á-hn̂g (番仔園), sī Tâi-tiong-chhī O͘-ji̍t-khu ē-kha ê lí.
Sam-hô-lí

**Sam-hô-lí** (三和里) sī Tâi-tiong-chhī O͘-ji̍t-khu ē-kha ê lí.

Tâi-oân Ko-sok Thih-lō͘ ê Tâi-tiong chām siat tī chia.  Ūi beh phoè-ha̍p ko-thih, mā khí 1 ê sin Tâi-thih chhia-thâu, hō chò Sin O͘-ji̍t Chhia-chām.
Khòai-chhia

**Khòai-chhia**ê ì-sù ū:

* **[[Chia̍t-ūn]]** (Hàn-jī: 快車, Eng-gí: Rapid Transit, Hôa-gí: 捷運) 
* **Khoài-chhia**, choân-miâ sī **Bāng-lō͘ Khoài-chhia**, sòaⁿ-téng ê chōe-thêng-su kah siok-thoân hā-chài nńg-thé
* **Khoài-chhia Bah-koaⁿ** ê kán-chheng, sī Tâi-oân Tâi-pak-chhī chhut-miâ ê bah-koaⁿ siong-ka

## Siong-koan bûn-chiuⁿ
*Tâi-pak khòai-chhia hē-thóng 

## Pa̍t-chióng tēng-gī
Khòai-chhia ma ū kho-lêng sī chí sai liáu kha kín ê hóe-chhia. Tùi èng ê sī sai liáu kha bān ê Bān-chhia. M̄-koh, chit-má Tâi-oân ê hóe-chhia í-keng bô bān-chhia/khòai-chhia ê khu hun. Ē-sài kóng lóng chóng sī khòai-chhia.
Chiân-tek-lí

**Chiân-tek-lí** (前竹里) sī Tâi-tiong-chhī O͘-ji̍t-khu ē-lka ê lí.

Chiân-tek-lí pau-koat Thâu-chêng-chhù (頭前厝) kap Lô͘-tek-lám-á (蘆竹湳仔). "Thâu-chêng" sī siong-tùi Kiú-tek-lí.
Ông-lâi

**Ông-lâi**, **ōng-lâi**,(王梨) ia̍h sī **n̂g-lâi(黃梨)**, sī chi̍t-chióng jia̍t-tài kóe-chí. Gôan-pún chhut-sán tī Lâm-bí-chiu. Phû-tô-gê-lâng tī 17 sè-kí ín-chìn kàu Má-kháu, liáu-āu chiām-chiām thôan kàu Kńg-tang, Hái-lâm kap Tâi-oân.

## Chham-khó chu-liāu

Lūi-pia̍t:Tan-chí-hio̍h si̍t-bu̍t
O͘-ji̍t-lí

**O͘-ji̍t-lí** (烏日里) sī Tâi-tiong-chhī O͘-ji̍t-khu ē-kha ê lí, tiàm tī Ô-ji̍t-khu ê tiong-sim tē-tāi. 

O͘-ji̍t-lí kap Ô͘-ji̍t-lí (湖日里) bô kāng. Khu-kong-só͘ kap chhia-thâu lóng siat tī chia. Kau-thong lī-piān. 

## Tē-lí
O͘-ji̍t-lí ê bīn-chek sī 0.8826 km², tī khu-lāi sǹg sè, m̄-koh jîn-kháu bi̍t-tō͘ hiān-chhú-sî sī tē-2-kôan. 

## Jîn-bûn
Ge̍k-khoat-chiau-jîn-kiong (玉闕朝仁宮) khí tī Khiân-liông 25-nî (1760-nî), bo̍k-chêng iáu tī--leh.
Jîn-tek-lí

**Jîn-tek-lí** (仁德里) sī Tâi-tiong-chhī O͘-ji̍t-khu ē-kha ê lí.

Chit lí sī tī 19??-nî chiah tùi Ngó͘-kong-lí kap Kiú-tek-lí pun--chhut-lâi ê hêng-chèng-khu.
Ke-lâng-chhī

**Ke-lâng-chhī** (Hàn-jī: 基隆市) sī Tâi-oân pak-pō͘ ê 1-ê chhī.

Ke-lâng goân-té ê Hàn-jī siá-chò "雞籠", í-āu kái-chò bûn-ngá ê siá-hoat "基隆".

## Le̍k-sú

## Hêng-chèng-khu

*An-lo̍k-khu
*Chhit-tó͘-khu
*Jîn-ài-khu
*Lóan-lóan-khu
*Sìn-gī-khu
*Tiong-chèng-khu
*Tiong-san-khu


## Chèng-tī

## Siong-koan
* Ke-lâng-káng
Pak-lí-lí

**Pak-lí-li**' (北里里), kū-miâ Khé-lí (hàn-jī tàu chò 喀哩), sī Tâi-tiong-chhī O͘-ji̍t-khu ē-kha ê lí.

Koan-hē Pak-lí kū-miâ Khé-lú ê lâi-gôan, ū 2-chióng kái-soeh. 1-chióng kóng-hoat jīn-ūi sī pêⁿ-po͘-ōe.
Tiong-soàⁿ (kí-hô-ha̍k)

Saⁿ-kak-hêng lāi-té, **tiong-soàⁿ** tō sī 1 ê toan-tiám kap i tùi-bīn hit ê piⁿ ê tiong-tiám liân--khí-lâi ê soàⁿ. I ē kā saⁿ-kak-hêng chhiat chò 2 tè, 2 tè ê bīn-chek pêⁿ toā. 3 tiâu tiong-soàⁿ ē tī saⁿ-kak-hêng ê chit-sim (chit-liōng tiōng-sim) sio kau-chhe. Chit-sim ē kā ta̍k tiâu tiong-soàⁿ chhiat chò 2:1 ê 2 koe̍h soàⁿ-koe̍h.

Pa̍t tiâu kā saⁿ-kak-hêng chhiat chò pêⁿ toā bīn-chek ê soàⁿ lóng bē thong-koè chit-sim.

Lūi-pia̍t:Chho͘-téng kí-hô-ha̍k
Kí-hô-ha̍k

**Kí-hô-ha̍k** sī sò͘-ha̍k ê 1 ki hun-ki, choan-tô͘ leh chhú-lí khong-kan koan-hē. Ēng keng-giām iah sī ti̍t-kak lâi ê chi̍t-koá ki-pún sèng-chit chò kong-siat lâi piáu-sī khong-kan. Kong-siat bē-tàng chèng-bêng, m̄-koh ē-tit kap sò͘-ha̍k tēng-gī ê kí-hô tô͘-hêng (tiám, ti̍t-soàⁿ, oan-soàⁿ, piáu-bīn, li̍p-thé, ...) chò-hoé the̍h lâi chò lô-chek ê chhui-lūn.
La Tchadienne

**La Tchadienne** sī Tchad ê kok-koa. La Tchadienne chit-ê sû sī Hoat-gú, ì-sù sī 'Tchad ê koa'. Chit-tiâu koa sī Louis Gidrol kap i chhōa ê ha̍k-seng siá--ê; khek sī Paul Villard chò--ê. Tùi 1960 nî Tchad to̍k-li̍p kàu taⁿ, chò kok-koa.

## Hoat-gú ê koa-sû

:Peuple Tchadien, debout et à l'ouvrage!
:Tu as conquis la terre et ton droit;
:Ta liberté naîtra de ton courage.
:Lève les yeux, l'avenir est à Toi.

:O mon Pays, que Dieu te prenne en garde,
:Que tes voisins admirent tes enfants.
:Joyeux, pacifique, avance en chantant,
:Fidèle à tes anciens qui te regardent.

:Peuple Tchadien, debout et à l'ouvrage!
:Tu as conquis la terre et ton droit;
:Ta liberté naîtra de ton courage.
:Lève les yeux, l'avenir est à Toi.

## Hoan-e̍k

:Tchad ê jîn-bîn, tio̍h khiā--khí-lâi, chò khí-kang!
:Lín í-keng phah-piàⁿ ti̍t-tio̍h lín-ê thó͘-tē, lín-ê kôan-lī;
:Lín-ê chū-iû ōe tùi lín-ê ióng-khì lâi chhut-sì.
:Gia̍h lín-ê ba̍k-chiu, bī-lâi sī lín-ê.

:Góa ê kok-ka ah!, gōan Siōng-tè kā lí pó-pì,
:Gōan lí ê chhù-piⁿ him-siān lí ê chèng-kiáⁿ-jî.
:Khòai-lo̍k, pêng-an, chhiùⁿ-koa lâi ǹg-chiân-kiâⁿ,
:Tùi lí ê chó͘-sian ài chīn-tiong, in teh kā lí khòaⁿ.
SMAP

**SMAP** sī Ji̍t-pún 1-ê liû-hêng ga̍k-thoân, chū 1991 nî cho·-thoân kàu taⁿ bat sak-chhut chē-chē tè sî-kiâⁿ ê tan-khek. In ê éng-hióng-la̍t thoàⁿ kàu tiān-sī *[[dorama]]* (liân-sio̍k-kio̍k), tiān-sī kóng-kò, tiān-iáⁿ téng-téng. SMAP ê sèⁿ-miā ē-sái kóng pí it-poaⁿ iû châi-gē kong-si sak-chò-tui ê bêng-seng thoân-thé ke chiâⁿ tn̂g.

Hiān-chú-sî ê sêng-oân ū Nakai Masahiro (中居正広), Kimura Takuya (木村拓哉), Kusanagi Tuyosi (草彅剛), Inagaki Gorô (稲垣吾郎), kap Katori Singo (香取慎吾).
N̂g Chheng-tiâⁿ

**N̂g Chheng-tiâⁿ** (黃清埕) sī Tâi-oân ū-miâ ê gē-su̍t-ka, choan-koàn tiau-sok kap iû-oē, 1912 nî tī Phîⁿ-ô͘ Sai-sū chhut-sì, 1943 nî chē ê chûn hō͘ Bí-kok tiàm-bī-chûn ê hî-lûi khian--tio̍h, nî-hoè chiah 31 soah lâi koè-sin.

## Seng-pêng
1912 nî N̂g Chheng-tiâⁿ tī Phîⁿ-ô͘ Sai-sū Tî-tang-chhoan chhut-sì, tha̍k kong-ha̍k-haū ê sî tō khai-sí toè Laû Chheng-êng (劉清榮) o̍h oē-tô͘, chin ū bí-su̍t ê thian-hūn. 1925 nî khó tiâu Ko-hiông Tiong-ha̍k, m̄-koh i lóng kò͘ oē-tô͘, boé--á ha̍k-gia̍p pha-hng, soà lâi thoè-ha̍k. 1933 nî laū-pē sàng i khì Tang-kiaⁿ chún-pī khó i-kho, m̄-koh 1936 nî i chaú khì khó Tang-kiaⁿ Bí-su̍t Ha̍k-haū, khó tiaû tiau-sok-kho. I kap Tân Tek-ōng (陳德旺), Nâ Ūn-teng (藍運登) chò-hoé soè 1 keng oē-sek, kui-sim oē-tô͘ kap tiau-sok. 1939 nî kap Tân Hā-ú (陳夏雨) chò-hoé ji̍p-soán Tè-tián. 1940 nî ji̍p-soán Ji̍t-pún Tiau-khek-ka Hia̍p-hoē ê nî-tián, 1941 nî tit tio̍h Tiau-khek-ka Hia̍p-hoē-siúⁿ.

Hio̍h-joa̍h ê sî, i lóng ē tńg Tâi-oân, tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ chioh toà Chiā Kok-iong (謝國鏞) chhù--nih. 1941 nî tī Tâi-lâm Kong-hoē-tn̂g kí-hêng tē 1 pái ê kò-tián. I mā ū chham-ú MOUVE Chō-hêng Bí-su̍t Hia̍p-hoē ê liân-tián.

N̂g Chheng-tiâⁿ mā bat ēng **N̂g Chheng-têng** (黃清呈, 黃清庭) ê miâ-jī lâi hoat-piáu chok-phín.

Tha̍k-chheh kî-kan, N̂g Chheng-tiâⁿ chú-iàu khó hiaⁿ-ko N̂g Chheng-sùn (黃清舜) leh kā chi-chhî, i mā bat thè lâng chò-saⁿ lâi thàn só͘-hùi.

1943 nî 31 hoè, chhut-gia̍p liáu-aū chiap-siū Pak-pêng Gē-choan ê phèng-su. M̄-koh tī tńg Tâi-oân ê lō͘-thaû, chē ê chûn Takatiho-maru (高千穗丸) hō͘ Bí-kok khian tîm--khì, kap ài-jîn Lí Kùi-hiong chò-hoé koè-sin.

## Bí-su̍t Sêng-chiū

N̂g Chheng-tiâⁿ siōng ū-miâ ê chok-phín sī i ê 1 pak iû-oē **O͘-saⁿ Cha-bó͘**, mā ū lâng kā kiò chò Tâi-oân ê Mona Lisa.

## Gōa-pō· liân-kiat
* 南方紀事之浮世光影 : Hip N̂g Chheng-têng  ê tiān-iáⁿ
* http://163.29.104.7/kmfa/artsdisplay.asp?systemno=0000003313&viewsource=list  http://163.29.104.7/kmfa/artsdisplay.asp?systemno=0000001646&viewsource=list  Ko-hiông Chhī-li̍p Bí-su̍t-kóan ū N̂g Chheng-têng ê tiau-sok

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê ōe-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:N̂g--sī
Romania-gí

**Romania-gí** (*limba română* ; IPA /'limba ro'mɨnə/) sī Romance gí-giân kî-tiong ê chi̍t-chióng. Romania-gí sī Romania ê Koaⁿ-hong gí-giân, bó-gí jîn-kháu oá-kīn 2,600 bān. Moldova mā-sī kóng Romania-gí, m̄-ko in-ūi chèng-tī jîn-tông ê būn-tê, Moldova chiông România-gí kái-miâ piàn-chò Moldova-gí. Su-si̍t-siang ché 2-chiong gí-giân hui-siâng óa-kīn.

Romania-gí ê ISO 639 bé sī: **ro** , SIL bé sī: **RON**

## Chù-kái

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat

Lūi-pia̍t:Roman gí-cho̍k
Tâi-oân Ki-tok Tiúⁿ-ló Kàu-hōe

**Tâi-oân Ki-tok Tiúⁿ-ló Kàu-hoē** thâu-khí-seng sī 1865-nî 6-go̍eh 16-ji̍t iû So͘-keh-lân ê Má-ngá-kok i-seng (James Laidlaw Maxwell) tāi-piáu Eng-kok Tiúⁿ-ló kàu hōe tī Tâi-lâm khai-siat pēⁿ-īⁿ khai-sí; Tâi-ôan pak-pō͘ ê Sôan-kàu kang-chok sī Ka-ná-tāi ê gê-i Má-kai bo̍k-su (George Leslie Mackay) tī 1872-nî 3-go̍eh 7-ji̍t tiàm Tām-chúi khai-sí. Má-kai tiàm Tâi-ôan Sôan-kàu 29 tang, kiàn-li̍p 60 keng kàu-tn̂g, mā chhòng-li̍p Gû-chin O̍h-tn̂g (kin-ná-ji̍t ê Tâi-oân Sîn-ha̍k-īⁿ chiân-sin).

Tiúⁿ-ló Kàu-hoē chù-tiōng kàu-io̍k, tī lâm-pō͘ chhòng-pān Tióng-êng Tiong-ha̍k, Lí-tiong, tī pak-pō͘ pān Tām-kang Tiong-ha̍k.

Tī Tâi-oân, tùi Tâi-oân Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi kàu Tiong-kok Kok-bîn-tóng kìm-chí sú-iōng hong-giân ê sî-tāi, Ki-tok Tiúⁿ-ló Kàu-hoē lóng sī iōng Tâi-ôan-ōe teh sôan-kàu. Kàu-hoē tùi Ji̍t-tì-sî-tāi kàu Kok-bîn-tóng kài-giâm sî-tāi iā it-ti̍t ū cheng-chhú jîn-kôan kah bîn-chú ê thôan-thóng, chū-án-ne hông jīn-ûi kah Tâi-ôan to̍k-li̍p ūn-tōng ū koan-liân.

## Le̍k-sú

### Chá-kî soan-kàu-su
Tâi-oân ki-tok tiúⁿ-lo kàu-hōe tāi-seng sī keng-iû So-keh-lân ê i-ha̍k phok-sū Má-ngá-kok i-seng (James Laidlaw Maxwell) , siū Eng-kok So-keh-lân tiúⁿ-lo kàu-hōe só chí-phài, tī 1865 nî 5 go̍eh 28 ji̍t chèng-sek tī-leh tâi-oân lâm-pō Tá-káu (kin-á-ji̍t ê Ko-hiông) chiūⁿ-lio̍k, liáu-āu tùi khai-sí tī-leh hú-siâⁿ se-bûn gōa-kháu Khòaⁿ-se-ke cho-chhù, siat-kàu hêng-i. 

Bô-kú liáu-āu, lēng-gōa chi̍t-ê bo̍k-su Rev. Hugh Ritchie kap i-ê hu-jîn tí-ta̍t tá-káu, i-sī Pîn-tong, Lí-káng, Tang-káng kap tang-pō ê khai-tok-chiá.

## Chham-khó
*"Tâi-ôan Ū Kôan Ka-ji̍p Liân-ha̍p-kok" ê Soan-giân
Iâ-hô-hoa Kiàn-chèng-jîn

**Iâ-hô-hoa kiàn-chèng-jîn** (Eng-gí: Jehovah's Witnesses) sī chi̍t-ê î 19 sè-kí bo̍at khai-sí chāi Bí-kok heng-khí ê Ki-tok-kàu hui-thôan-thóng kàu-phài. Hiān-sî í-keng hoat-tián chì phiàn-pò· chôan-kiû, sìn-tô· jîn-sò· chhiau-kòe la̍k-pah bān lâng. Chāi 1931-nî, in kin-kì Í-sài-a su 43-chiong:10-chat "Iâ-hô-hoa soeh: 'lí si goa ê kiàn-chèng-lâng, sī goa só· kéng-sóan ê phak jîn.'"http://bible.fhl.net/new/read.php?VERSION7=bklcl&strongflag=1&TABFLAG=1&chineses=%C1%C9&chap=43&sec=10 ûi chū-kí ê thôan-thé chhú-miâ ûi Iâ-hô-hoa Kiàn-chèng-jîn.

## Kah chiàⁿ-thóng Ki-tok-kàu phài ê chha-pia̍t
*Hoán-tùi Sam-ūi-it-thé
Iâ-hô-hoa kiàn-chèng-jîn jīn-ûi to̍k-it chin-sîn chí-ū Iâ-hô-hoa Siōng-tè chi̍t-ūi, Iâ-so͘ chí-sī Siōng-tè chhe-phài lâi sè-kan ê chi̍t-ê thiⁿ-sài, m̄-sī sîn.
*Hoán-tùi Si̍p-jī-kè hû-hō

Iâ-hô-hoa kiàn-chèng-jîn jīn-ûi Iâ-so͘ siu-tèng m̄-sī tèng tī si̍p-jī-kè, eng-kai sī tī chi̍t-ki thiāu-ah nā-tiāⁿ. In hoán-tùi jīm-hô pài-bu̍t hêng-ûi, pau-koa chông-pài si̍p-jī-kè.

*Tùi lo̍k-hn̂g ê kàu-gī

Iâ-hô-hoa kiàn-chèng-jîn jīn-ûi lo̍k-hn̂g chāi tē-chiūⁿ, put-chāi thiⁿ-téng.

*Tùi Sí-bông ê kàu-gī

Iâ-hô-hoa kiàn-chèng-jîn jīn-ûi lâng sí ná khùn tāng-bîn. Bô lêng-hûn chiūⁿ-thiⁿ iā-sī loh tē-ge̍k ê koan-liām.

## Sìn-tiâu
* Sái-ēng Siōng-tè ê Hi-pek-lâi bûn miâ-chheng，chheng-ûi Iâ-hô-hoa.
* Lâng sí āu kui-hôe tîn-thô·，pēng-bô chûn-chāi lêng-hûn put sí.
* Sat-tàn si hiān-kim che-mā sè-kài ê ín-hêng thóng-tī-chiá.
* Tùi só·-iú chèng-tī sū-kiāⁿ he̍k-sī kun-sū chhiong-tu̍t kin pó-chhî tiong-lı̍p.
* Kū-cho̍at jīm-hô hêng-sek ê ngó·-siōng chông-pài，pau-koat tùi kok-kî he̍k-chiá siàu-siōng kèng-lé.
* Tiuⁿ-iông thôan-kàu，pau-koat thàm-hóng lîn-ki hô thó-lūn *Sèng-keng*.
* Chāi jı̍t-siông seng-o̍ah í hêng-ûi kí-chí siāng ló·-le̍k hû-ha̍p sèng-keng ê phiau-chún.

Ū thôan-thóng Ki-tok-kàu kàu-phài sī Iâ-hô-hoa kiàn-chèng-lâng ûi ī-toan kàu-phài, sīm-chì ū hóan-tùi-chiá jīm-ûi tha si te̍k Ki-tok, he̍k-sī í-keng put sio̍k-î Ki-tok-kàu, gôan-in chú-iàu chāi-î siang-hong-bīn tùi Sèng-keng lí-kái ê hun-pia̍t.

* Về Nhân Chứng Giê-hô-va - jw.org
* 中文（閩南語）jw.org
Sîn-tiàu-hōe

**Sîn-tiàu-hōe** sī Bí-kok ê gō·-sûn-chat ūn-tōng chhut-hiān ê lêng-in-phài Kàu-hoē.  Iû-î í gō·-sûn-chat hōe sìn-gióng siāng ê hun-kî, kiat-kó iû saⁿ-pah to ūi léng-siù î 1914-nî chāi Bí-kok Kham-sat-su chiu chèng-sek sêng-li̍p.  Kî-āu, o̍ah-tāng chhun-tián kàu Ka-ná-tāi, chài khok-tián kok-tē.

## Sìn-tiâu
*Siang-sìn sèng-keng ûi saⁿ-ūi-chi̍t-thé to̍k-it-chin-sîn só· hm̍h-sī, sī bô-gō· ê.
*In sìn tit-kiù, in sìn chheng gī.
*Pēⁿ tit i-tī:  siong-sìn sìn chek i pēⁿ.
*Sèng-lêng:  siong-sìn soeh hong-giân sī chho·-chhù sèng-lêng chhiong-bóan ê pîn-kì.
*Ki-tok chài-chhù lâi:  siang-sìn Ki-tok ho̍k-lîm sî, pit ū ho̍k-o̍ah kah sèng-kiat kong-gī ê sím-phòaⁿ.
*Hōng-hēng sèng-lé:  sèng -chhan-lé hô chúi chìm-lé.

## Gōa-pō· liân-kiat
* Sîn-tiàu-hōe kán-sú 
* Bí-kok Sîn-tiàu-hōe
An-hioh-ji̍t Hōe

**An-hioh-ji̍t hōe** (Seventh-day Adventist Church) si Ki-tok Sin-kàu ê chi̍t-ê hui thôan-thóng kàu-phài. Chhú kàu-hōe chià-tio̍h i-liâu, kàu-io̍k, kóng-pò kah siā-hōe ho̍k-bū, chiang sìn-gióng thôan chì sè-kài kok-tē.

## Sìn-tiâu

jī-cha̍p-chhit tiâu ki-pún sìn-gióng: (1)"Sèng-keng". (2) saⁿ-chi̍t-chin-sîn.
(3) sèng-hū siāng-tè. (4) sèng-chí siāng-tè. (5) sèng lêng siāng-tè. (6) chhòng-chō. (7) jîn-sèng. (8) siān-ok chi-cheng Ki-tok. (9) Ki-tok ê seⁿ-sí ho̍k-o̍ah (10) tit-kiù keng-giām. (11) kàu-hōe. (12) î bîn kah kî sái-bēng. (13) Ki-tok sin-thé ê ha̍h chi̍t. (14) chìm-lé. (15) sèng-chhan-lé. (16) sèng-lêng ê in-sù í chit-sū. (17) ī-giân ê in-sù. (18) siāng-tè ê lu̍t-hoat. (19) an-hioh-ji̍t. (20) kóan-ke ê chek-jīm. (21) Ki-tok-tô͘ ê phín-hēng. (22) hun-in í ka-têng. (23) Ki-tok chāi Thian-siāng-sèng-só͘ ê ho̍k-bū. (24) Ki-tok ho̍k-lîm. (25) sí í ho̍k-o̍ah. (26) chhian-hí-nî kah chōe ê kiat-kó. (27) sin-tē.
Roman gí-cho̍k

**Roman gí-cho̍k** ia̍h **Romance gú-cho̍k** (Eng-gí: *Romance languages*) sī tùi thong-sio̍k Latin-gí ián-piàn chhut--lâi ê kok-chióng gí-giân. Khah chē-lâng sú-iōng ê gí-cho̍k ū chhin-chhiūⁿ Hoat-gí, Se-pan-gâ-gí, Phû-tô-gâ-gí, Í-tāi-lī-gí, Romania-gí téng-téng.
Kiô (kau-thong)

**Kiô** sī chi̍t-chióng kau-thong siat-si. Kiô sī beh hō· lâng ia̍h-sī chhia kiâⁿ--ê.

Lūi-pia̍t:Kiô
O͘-ji̍t

**O͘-ji̍t** ū-khó-lêng sī:

*O͘-ji̍t-khu
*O͘-ji̍t-lí

Iū-koh ū 1-ê hoat-im chhin-chhiūⁿ ê Ô͘-ji̍t-lí.
Ka-tang (khu-pia̍t)

**Ka-tang** ū kúi-nā-chióng ì-sù:

*Si̍t-bu̍t ê miâ
**Ka-tang: chi̍t-chióng chhiū-châng
**Chúi-ka-tang: chi̍t-chióng sip-tē ê chhiū-châng
**Âng-ka-tang: sī âng-chhiū-nâ kî-tiong ê chi̍t-chióng
**Hái-ka-tang: sī âng-chhiū-nâ kî-tiong ê chi̍t-chióng
**Chúi-pit-á: mā kiò-chò *Âng-hái-ka-tang* 

*Tâi-ôan ū che-chē tē-hō-miâ kap ka-tang ū koan-hē, chhin-chhiûⁿ Ka-tang, Ka-tang-kha téng-téng.
**Pîn-tong-kōan Ka-tang-hiong
**Chiong-hòa-kōan Hoe-tôaⁿ-hiong ê kū-miâ kiò-chò **Ka-tang-kha**.
**Tâi-lâm-chhī Āu-piah-khu ū Téng-ka-tang kap Ē-ka-tang 2-ê chng-thâu.
Kū-iok Sèng-keng

**Kū-iok Sèng-keng** (舊約聖經, ) sī Ki-tok-kàu tùi Sèng-keng chhiân poàⁿ pō͘-hūn ê chheng-ho͘. Kū-iok Sèng-keng ê  sī Iû-thài-kàu ê Hi-pek-lâi Sèng-keng. Ki-tok Sin-kàu ê Kū-iok Sèng-keng chôan-su kiōng-iú saⁿ-cha̍p-káu kòan. Thian-chú-kàu ê Kū-iok Sèng-keng kiōng-iú sì-cha̍p-la̍k kòan. Thong-siông hun-lūi ûi lu̍t-hoat su, Le̍k-sú su, Si-koa hô Sian-ti-su. só·-iú che xie su siá-î Ná-sat-lek ê Iâ-so͘ tàn-seng chi-chêng, tha si chiap-hā lâi ê Ki-tok-kàu Sin-iok Sèng-keng ê chú-tê.
Sin-iok Sèng-keng

**Sin-iok Sèng-keng** (Hi-lia̍p-gú: **Καινή Διαθήκη**) chôan-su kiōng-iú jī-cha̍p-chhit kǹg, hun-pia̍t jî-hā:

Hok-im-su ê hêng-sêng khó-í hun-ûi saⁿ-ê kai-tōaⁿ:
# Iâ-so͘ ê seng-pêng hô hùn-hòe/kàu-hòe.
# Kháu-thôan.
# Su-siá ê hok-im.

Sin-iok ê gôan-bûn si Hi-lia̍p-bûn tān-si gí-hoat ū siū chı̍t-tiám a-lá-mû-gí ê éng-hiáng.

## Koan-liân
* Kū-iok Sèng-keng
Kè-sǹg giân-gú-ha̍k

**Kè-sǹg giân-gú-ha̍k** sī ùi kè-sǹg ê kak-tō͘ lâi gián-kiù giân-gú-ha̍k, ēng thóng-kè kap lô-chek ê bô͘-sek lâi hun-sek chū-jiân giân-gú, ē-tit kóng sī 1 chióng ha̍k-chè ê léng-he̍k. Chit chióng bô͘-sek bô hān-tiāⁿ giân-gú-ha̍k bó͘ 1 pō͘-hūn chiah ē ēng--tit. 

Éng-koè ê kè-sǹg giân-gú-ha̍k-ka lóng sī ē-hiáu ēng tiān-naú lâi chhú-lí chū-jiân gí-giân ê tiān-naú kho-ha̍k-ka. Boé-chhiú hoat-kak gí-giân siuⁿ-koè-thaû ho̍k-cha̍p. Hiān-chú-sî ê kè-sǹg gí-giân-ha̍k tiāⁿ-tio̍h ài khò ha̍k-chè ha̍p-chok, 1 ê thoân-tūi sù-siông pau-koat gí-giân-ha̍k-ka, tiān-naú kho-ha̍k-ka, jîn-kang tì-hūi choan-ka, jīn-ti sim-lí-ha̍k choan-ka, lô-chek choan-ka, ...

Kè-sǹg Giân-gú-ha̍k Hia̍p-hōe (*Association for Computational Linguistics*) ū hō͘ kè-sǹg gí-giân-ha̍k 1 ê tēng-gī:
:...ùi kè-sǹg ê kak-tō͘ lâi jīn-bat giân-gú ê kho-ha̍k gián-kiù. Kè-sǹg gí-giân-ha̍k-ka sī tùi kok chióng gí-giân hiān-siōng thê-kiong kè-sǹg bô͘-sek (*computational model*) ê gián-kiù-chiá.

## Kin-thaû
Kè-sǹg gí-giân-ha̍k chá-kî tiāⁿ hông tòng-chò jîn-kang tì-hūi ê 1 ê gián-kiù hoān-ûi. Thaû-khí-seng Bí-kok tī 1950 nî-tāi siūⁿ beh kā Lō͘-se-a-gí hiah-ê goā-gí hoan chò Eng-gí. Hiáng-sî tiān-naú tú-tú chèng-bêng i chò sò͘-ha̍k kè-sǹg phēng lâng khah kín khah chèng-khak. Ta̍k-ê phoe kóng bián joā kú tō ē-tit pá-ak khah iù-lō͘ ê ki-su̍t, chhú-lí gí-giân tō ē-tit chhiūⁿ chhú-lí kè-sǹg hiah-nī chán.

## Hun-ki
Khoàⁿ beh chhú-lí ê chu-liāu sī kóng--ê iah si siá-ê, beh chò ê khang-khoè sī hun-sek (*parsing*) iah sī ha̍p-sêng (*generation*), kè-sǹg gí-giân-ha̍k ē-tit hun koh khah iù.

Gí-im piān-sek (*speech recognition*) kap gí-im ha̍p-sêng (*speech synthesis*) sī ēng tiān-naú lâi liáu-kái kap sán-seng gí-im. Ah nā hun-sek (*parsing*) kap ha̍p-sêng (*generation*) sī beh kā gí-giân thiah--khui kap taù chò-hoé. Ke-khì hoan-e̍k (*machine translation*) iû-goân tō sī beh kā 1 chióng gí-giân hoan-e̍k chò lēng-goā 1 chióng gí-giân.

Hiān-chú-sî kè-sǹg gí-giân-ha̍k chi̍t-koá gián-kiù ê hoān-ûi pau-hâm: 

*Tiān-naú hù-chō͘ ê gí-liāu-khò͘ gí-giân-ha̍k (*corpus linguistics*)
*Siat-kè chū-jiân gí-giân hun-sek thêng-sek (*parser*) 
*Siat-kè gí-giân piau-kì thêng-sek, chhiūⁿ sû-sèng piau-kì thêng-sek (*POS-taggers*, *part-of-speech tagger*)
*Chaú-chhoē gí-giân lô-chek lâi chò chū-jiân gí-giân chhú-lí (*Natural language processing*, *NLP*)
*Gián-kiù hêng-sek gí-giân (*formal language*) kap chū-jiân gí-giân ê koan-hē
*Ke-khì hoan-e̍k
*...

## Chham-khó
* chū-jiân gí-giân chhú-lí (*natural language processing*)
* ke-khì hoan-e̍k (*machine translation*)
* hoan-e̍k kì-tî (*translation memory*)
* Kè-sǹg Gí-giân-ha̍k (kî-khan) (*Computational Linguistics (journal)*)

## Goā-pō͘ liân-kiat
*  Tâi-gí-bûn Kè-sǹg Giân-gú-ha̍k 
*  Tiong-hoâ Bîn-kok Kè-sǹg Giân-gú-ha̍k Ha̍k-hoē 
*  Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) 
*  ACL Anthology of research papers
*  Language Technology World
Jī-sò͘

**Jī-sò͘** sī 1 hūn bûn-kiāⁿ (*document*) lāi-té jī (*word*) ê chóng-sò͘.

## Lō͘-ēng
Chin chē só͘-chāi ū hān-chè jī-sò͘ chē-chió, chhiūⁿ ha̍k-su̍t lūn-bûn, hoat-lu̍t bûn-kiāⁿ, ...

Beh tō͘ phah-jī iah sī tha̍k-chheh ê sok-tō͘, jī-sò͘ chē-chió tō chin iàu-kín.

## Ke-si
Chi̍t-koá bûn-su chhú-lí (*word processing*) ê nńg-thé lóng ē kah sǹg jī-sò͘ ê ke-si. Chhiūⁿ OpenOffice ê Writer ē-tit ēng menu ê *tòng-àn\sèng-chit\thóng-kè* lâi sǹg, Microsoft Word ē-tit ēng *menu* ê *ke-si\jī-sò͘ thóng-kè* lâi sǹg. Tī Unix, Linux chit lūi ê hē-thóng ē-tit ēng wc lâi sǹg.

## Án-choáⁿ sǹg
Bo̍k-tek bô kâng, jī-sò͘ ê sǹg-hoat mā bô sio-siâng. Chhiūⁿ chù-kái (*footnote*) tō ē-tàng sǹg, mā ē-tàng bô sǹg. Che tio̍h khoàⁿ nńg-thé (*software*) ê ián-soàn-hoat (*algorithm*) án-choáⁿ chhú-lí, bô kāng nńg-thé sǹg--chhut-lâi ê kiat-kó ē ū cheng-chha.

Iáu bô nńg-thé thang ēng chìn-chêng, Eng-gí tiāⁿ ēng 5 ê jī-goân (*character*) chò 1 jī lâi sǹg. Bûn-kiāⁿ nā sī ēng kò͘-tēng-khoah-tō͘ (*monospace*) chhiūⁿ phah-jī-ki (*typewrite*) hit khoán ê  jī-thé (*font*), ēng 1 jī 5 ê jī-goân chit tiâu kui-chek, jī-sò͘ tō chin hó chat.

Kin-kì Tâi-gí-bûn gí-liāu-khò͘ 2005 nî 7 goe̍h ê POJ gí-liāu, phó͘-lio̍k-á ū 3,415,031 ê im-chat (*syllable*) lâi sǹg, POJ ê bûn-chiūⁿ 1 ê im-chat chha-put-to ū 5.1 ê jī-goân.

Kin-kì *Tâi-gí Su-bīn-gí Im-chat Sû-pîn Thóng-kè* chit ê kè-oē ê lô-má-jī chu-liāu, 3,462,367 ê im-chat chha-put-to sī 2,436,599 jī, POJ 1 jī chhat-put-to 1.42 ê im-chat, 7.2 ê jī-goân.

Hiān-chú-sî ê nńg-thé ē-tit lī-iōng khàng-pe̍h (*whitespace*) kap chi̍t-koá piau-tiám hû-hō chò keh-kài chū-tōng lâi sǹg jī-sò͘.

## Goā-pō͘ liân-kiat
*Tâi-gí-bûn Concordance 
*Tâi-gí Su-bīn-gí Im-chat Sû-pîn Thóng-kè 
*Word Count, Character Count, and Line Count Software
*A free web-based cut-and-paste word count JavaScript script 
*Hermetic Word Frequency Counter Windows software which counts word frequencies in a file or on the clipboard; supports multiple languages.
*Word, sentence, paragraph, and character counting web application that is free and has no limits. 
*Free Word Counter Web Application Free web application that counts words, charters, sentences, and paragraphs.
Saint-Pierre kap Miquelon

**Saint-Pierre kap Miquelon** () sī Hoat-kok ê 1-ê hái-gōa chi̍p-thé (*collectivité d'outre-mer*). Chit cho͘ tó-sū oá Canada tang-hoāⁿ, Newfoundland hit-tah-á.

## Tē-lí

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat

*  Koaⁿ-hong 

Lūi-pia̍t:Hoat-kok ê hêng-chèng-khu
Lūi-pia̍t:Pak Bí-chiu ê i-lāi-tē
2005 nî 11 goe̍h

__NOTOC__

## 11 goe̍h 30
* Europa Thài-khong Chóng-sú soan-pò͘ leh se̍h Hoé-chheⁿ ê Hoé-chheⁿ Te̍k-sài (*Mars Express*) ēng MARSIS radar hoat-hiān 1 ê chheⁿ-chio̍h-kheⁿ (*impact basin*), tâi tī thô͘-kha 1 km chhim ê só͘-chāi, lāi-té koh ū kiat-peng ê chúi, hoān-sè ē ū bî-seng-bu̍t. (BBC)

## 11 goe̍h 26
* JAXA soan-pò͘ Hayabusa thài-khong-chûn sêng-kong peh chiūⁿ 25143 Itokawa--a, koh siu-chi̍p tio̍h i piáu-bīn thô͘-soa ê kiàn-pún, 2007 nî ê sî ē kā chah tńg-lâi kaù Tē-kiû. Che sī jîn-lūi tē 1 pái the̍h tio̍h sió-he̍k-chheⁿ ê kiàn-pún, thang ēng i lâi liáu-kái siōng khí-seng ê Thài-iông-hē. (BBC)

## 11 goe̍h 13
* Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok ū 1-ê Andrew Stimpson 2002 nî kiám-cha tio̍h HIV pēⁿ-to̍k, m̄-koh kaù kah 2003 nî 10--goe̍h soah ka-tī hó-lī-lī. Kho-ha̍k-ka ǹg-bāng i goān-ì ke chò chhì-giām, thang pang-chān in liáu-kái choáⁿ-iūⁿ i-ê bián-e̍k hē-thóng ū chit-ê châi-tiāu. (BBC)

## 11 goe̍h chhoe 9
* Khó-kó͘-ha̍k-ka Ron E. Tappy tī Israel ê Tel Zayit chhoē tio̍h 1 tè kong-goân-chêng 10 sè-kí ê chio̍h-thaû, téng-koân ū 2 choā Phoenician iah sī Hebrew ê jī-bó. Jîn-lūi ê bûn-bêng (*literacy*) hoān-sè phēng hiān-chú-sî chai--ê koh-khah chá khai-sí. (IHT AP)

* Europa Thài-khong Chóng-sú (*European Space Agency*) 3:33 GMT tī Kazakhstan ê Baikonur Cosmodrome hoat-siā Kim-chheⁿ Te̍k-sài (*Venus Express*) thài-khong-chûn, ǹg-bāng ùi Kim-chheⁿ siu-chi̍p ê chu-liāu ē-tit pang-chān tùi Tē-kiû bī-lâi ê liáu-kái. (BBC)

## 11 goe̍h chhoe 3
* Thian-hô (*Milky Way*) tiong-sim ê Sagittarius A (Lâng-bé-chō A) ē hòng-siā ho̍k-cha̍p bô-soàⁿ-tiān, chín chèng-si̍t sī 1 ê chhiau-toā o͘-khang (*supermassive black hole*). (CNN)