open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Hái-kun hō chiâm-téng

**Hái-kun hō tsiâm-tíng**  (hàn-gú: 海鯤號潛艇, SS-711;  **Hái-hûn hō tshàng-kàm**,  **Hái-khun hō tshàng-lām**, Hái-hûn hō tshàng-hām, Hái-hûn hō tshàng-hám) sī Tiong-hua bîn-kok kiàn-tsō tē-1 tsiah tsiâm-tíng; mā sī Hái-kun kip siú-tíng. Tī 2023-nî 9-gue̍h 28-ji̍t hā-suí, ho̍k-i̍k liáu-āu tio̍h-beh lē-sio̍k teh Tiong-huâ bîn-kok hái-kun 256 tsiàn-tuī.

Hái-kun hō ê jīm-bū sī nuâ-tsa̍h Tiong-kok Jîn-bîn Kái-hòng Kun hái-kun lām-tuī tsìn-ji̍p Thài-pêng-iûⁿ, phiah-bián teh Tâi-uân sì-khoo-uî-á ê hái-i̍k tú-tio̍h pau-uî hong-só hi̍k-tsiá tu̍t-phuà hong-só; ná-tshiūnn tsi-tsîng ê Kiàm-liông kip tsiâm-tíng kāng-khuán hū-tsik ho̍k-kik Tiong-kok jîn-bîn kái-hòng hái-kun tíng-tuī. Hái-kun hō 2023-nî 9-gue̍h 28-ji̍t hā-suí liáu-āu, pān-phuē 10-gue̍h 1-ji̍t khí tián-khui po̍k-káng tshik-tshì (HAT), 2025-nî 6-gue̍h tshut-hái tshik-tshì (SAT), 2026 nî-té tsi-tsîng kau-hù hái-kun.

## Bîng-tshing
Tiong-hua bîn-kok hái-kun ê tsiâm-tíng hō-miâ ê hong-sik uî "Hái-iûnn+sing-bu̍t miâ", kî-tiong sing-bu̍t miâ put-tsí hān-tsè teh hái-iûnn sing-bu̍t ê thong-tshing sio̍k-miâ, pí-jû "Hái-liông", "Hái-hóo". Gí bīng-miâ ê Hái-kun hō (海鯤號) ê kun (鯤) tsit jī, tshú-tsū "Tsong-tsí" (莊子) Luē-phinn (內篇) Siau-iâu iû (逍遙遊): "Pak-bîng iú-gû, kî bîng uî kun, kun tsi tāi, put-ti kî kuí tshian-lí iá. Huà jî uî niáu, kî bîng uî pîng, pîng tsi puè, put-ti kî kuí tshian-lí iá." (北冥有魚, 其名為鯤, 鯤之大, 不知其幾千里也. 化而為鳥, 其名為鵬, 鵬之背, 不知其幾千里也.) tsah ū sîn-pì tsiànn-phài tsióng-ak ê ì-hâm, kî-hí ì-hâm sīm-tshim[, jî-tshiánn Kun-hái (鯤海), Kun-tó (鯤島) tông-sî mā sī kóo-tsá Tâi-uân ê ngá-tshing. Kuan-î Hái-kun hō tsiâm-tíng ê ing-bûn i̍k-miâ, teh Tiong-huâ bîn-kok kuan-hong muî-thé Tiong-iong thong-sìn siā Ing-bûn pán sin-bûn, kap Tshuà Ing-bûn tsóng-thóng ê siā-kûn tah-bûn lóng iōng Narwhal (tsi̍t-kak iang) lâi piáu-kì.

## Tsiâm-tíng li̍k-tîng
Ū-kè 2025-nî ho̍k-i̍k.

## Tsi-uān hām āu-kîn ê pênn-tâi
: I-kì Bí-kun tsiâm-tíng kui-uān siat-kè, king-iû Bí-kok hong-bīn ê tsuan-gia̍p ki-su sím-hi̍k, tshim-hái kiù-tsōo ê sî-tsūn Bí-kun ē-tàng tī 48 tiám-tsing lāi kā kiù-uān hē-thóng ūn-sàng kàu Tâi-uân lâi hia̍p-tsōo tshiúnn-kiù, tsìn-hîng kiù-uān jīm-bū . Uī-tio̍h khak-pó tsiâm-tíng kuan-ping tsip-hîng jīm-bū ê an-tsuân kap phuè-ha̍p āu-sio̍k tsiâm-tíng liōng-sán ê kè-uē, kun-hong phah-sǹg tio̍h-beh phah-tsō kū-iú tshim-hái kiù-uān lîng-liōng ê .

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
*Lockheed C-5 Galaxy
*Deep-submergence rescue vehicle
*Submarine rescue ship

## Guā-pōo liân-kiat
*等了28年「海鯤號」亮相下水！台灣首艘潛艦國造原型艦誕生，蔡英文親擲瓶：2025年3艦齊備 

Lūi-pia̍t:Chhâ-tiān chhàng-kàm
Tho͘-lá-khuh-kun

**Tho͘-lá-khuh-kun** (Ji̍t-gí: , Eng-gí: ) , sī chi̍t ê bāng-lō͘--ê tōng-bān bûn-hòa--ê meme, the̍h-lâi gé-kóng (khau-sé kóng) in-ūi chin chē Ji̍t-pún--ê ī-sè-kài (異世界) chok-phín--ê kio̍k-chêng siá--tio̍h, tī hiān-si̍t seng-oa̍h--ê chú-kak hō͘ thó͘-lá-khuh lòng-tio̍h í-āu kòe-sin, chiah ji̍p-khì chok-phín--ê hi-gí sè-kài (ī-sè-kài), só͘-í kā lāi-té--ê thó͘-lá-khuh chiū gí-jîn-hòa (擬人化), hō-chò "Tho͘-lá-khuh-kun" ("kun" sī Ji̍t-gí lāi-té, ta-po͘ miâ āu-piah--ê chheng-ūi).

Lūi-pia̍t:Kau-thong sū-kò͘
Lūi-pia̍t:Tho͘-lá-kuh
Chiā Liông-kài

**Chiā Liông-kài** (謝龍介; ) sī Tâi-oân ê chi̍t ūi chèng-tī-ka, Tiong-kok Kok-bîn Tóng che̍k. Tâi-lâm-chhī Tiong-se-khu chhut-sin. I bat chò kòe Tiong-kok Kok-bîn Tóng hù-pì-su-tiúⁿ kap Tâi-lâm-chhī Gī-goân.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bân-lâm jîn-bu̍t
Liong
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-lâm-chhī jîn-bu̍t
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân chèng-tī jîn-bu̍t
Lūi-pia̍t:Tiong-kok Kok-bîn-tóng tóng-oân
June Huh

**June Huh** (, ) sī Bí-kok ê sò͘-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2022 nî tit-tio̍h Fields Chióng.  

Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok sò͘-ha̍k-ka
Ngô Bảo Châu

**Ngô Bảo Châu** () sī Hoat-kok ê chi̍t ê sò͘-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2010 nî tit-tio̍h Fields Chióng.  

Lūi-pia̍t:Sò͘-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Hoat-kok jîn-bu̍t
Lūi-pia̍t:Oa̍t-lâm jîn-bu̍t
NewJeans

**NewJeans** () sī Hân-kok ê cha-bó͘ im-ga̍k thoân-thé.

## Sêng-oân miâ-toaⁿ

## Chham-khó chu-liāu

Lūi-pia̍t:Hân-kok ga̍k-thoân
Jang Won-young

**Jang Won-young** (; ), gē-miâ **Wonyoung** (), sī Hân-kok ê cha-bó͘ koa-chhiú. I taⁿ sī lú-chú thoân-thé IVE ê sêng-oân, goân-lâi sī IZ*ONE ê sêng-oân.
Turing Chióng

**Turing Chióng** () sī chi̍t-ê chióng, iû Tiān-náu Hia̍p-hoē (*Association for Computing Machinery*) pan hō͘ tiān-náu kho-ha̍k gián-kiù ū kòng-hiàn ê kho-ha̍k-ka.
Iûⁿ Siông-hoat

**Iûⁿ Siông-hoat** (楊祥發, , ) sī Tâi-oân kap Bí-kok ê chi̍t ê kho-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1991 nî tit-tio̍h Wolf Lông-gia̍p Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân seng-bu̍t-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân hòa-ha̍k-ka
Wolf Chióng

**Wolf Chióng** () sī chi̍t-ê chióng, iû Í-sek-lia̍t ê Wolf Ki-kim-hoē pan-hoat, hoat-khí-jîn sī Í-sek-lia̍t ê goā-kau-ka Ricardo Wolf.

## Chióng ê hāng-bo̍k
Chióng hun ē-kha chit kúi ê léng-he̍k:

* Wolf Lông-gia̍p Chióng
* Wolf Gē-su̍t Chióng
* Wolf Hòa-ha̍k Chióng
* Wolf Sò͘-ha̍k Chióng
* Wolf I-ha̍k Chióng
* Wolf Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng
Oân Liông-pêng

**Oân Liông-pêng** (袁隆平, ) sī Tiong-kok ê chi̍t ê kho-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2004 nî kap Steven D. Tanksley tâng-chê tit-tio̍h Wolf Lông-gia̍p Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Tiong-kok kho-ha̍k-ka
Ngô͘ Kiān-hiông

**Ngô͘ Kiān-hiông** (吳健雄, , ) sī chi̍t ê tī  Tiong-kok chhut-sì ê Bí-kok bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka, Bí-kok Bu̍t-lí Ha̍k-hoē (*American Physical Society*) hoē-tiúⁿ. I tī 1978 nî tit-tio̍h Wolf Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.
Tân Séng-sin

**Tân Séng-sin** (陳省身, , ) sī chi̍t ê tī  Tiong-kok chhut-sì ê Bí-kok sò͘-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1983 nî/1984 nî tit-tio̍h Wolf Sò͘-ha̍k Chióng. 

I thê-chhut Chern–Gauss–Bonnet Tēng-lí (*Chern–Gauss–Bonnet theorem*), Chern–Simons Lí-lūn (*Chern–Simons theory*), Chern Lūi (*Chern class*).
Iûⁿ Chín-lêng

**Iûⁿ Chín-lêng** (楊振寧, , ) sī Tiong-kok kah Bí-kok ê chi̍t ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I kah Lí Chèng-tō in-ūi tùi P Phò-hoāi (*Parity violation*) ê giân-kiù, tī 1957 nî tâng-chê tit tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Tiong-kok kho-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok kho-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
CH
Lí Chèng-tō

**Lí Chèng-tō** (李政道, , ) sī Bí-kok kah Tâi-oân ê chi̍t ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī Tiong-kok ê Siōng-hái chhut-sì. I kah Iûⁿ Chín-lêng in-ūi tùi P Phò-hoāi (*Parity violation*) ê giân-kiù, tī 1957 nî tâng-chê tit tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok kho-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân kho-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
CH
Samuel C. C. Ting

**Samuel C. C. Ting** (), Hàn-miâ **Teng Tiāu-tiong** (丁肇中), sī Bí-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. i kah Burton Richter tī 1974 nî tâng-chê hoat-hiān J/psi tiong-kan-chú (*J/ψ meson*), chiū-án-ne tit-tio̍h 1976 nî ê Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok kho-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Daniel C. Tsui

**Daniel C. Tsui** (), Hàn-miâ **Chhui Kî** (崔琦), sī Bí-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. i kah Robert B. Laughlin, Horst Ludwig Störmer tâng-chê tit-tio̍h 1998 nî ê Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok kho-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Charles K. Kao

**Charles K. Kao** (), Hàn-miâ **Ko Khun** (高錕), sī Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok kah Bí-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka, tī Tiong-kok Siōng-hái chhut-sì. I kah Willard Boyle, George E. Smith tâng-chê tit-tio̍h 2009 nî ê Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok kho-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok kho-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Roger Y. Tsien

**Roger Y. Tsien** (), Hàn-miâ **Chîⁿ Éng-kiān** (錢永健), sī Bí-kok ê seng-hòa-ha̍k-ka. i kah Simomura Osamu, Martin Chalfie tâng-chê tit-tio̍h 2008 nî ê Nobel Hòa-ha̍k Chióng.

Roger Y. Tsien mā sī Tiong-kok bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka Chîⁿ Ha̍k-sim ê ti̍t-á.

Lūi-pia̍t:Seng-hoà-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok kho-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Hòa-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Wolf I-ha̍k Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Sù-tô͘

**Sù-tô͘** (使徒) sī chi̍t ê Ki-tok-kàu miâ-sû, chí ū chi̍t ê te̍k-sû sú-bēng phài chhut-lâi ê bûn-tô͘. Chiàu Má-thài, Má-khó, Lō͘-ka 3 pō͘ hok-im-su ê kóng-hoat, Iâ-so͘ Ki-tok jīn-tēng bûn-tô͘ 12 lâng, in mā sī siōng chá ê sù-tô͘.

## Cha̍p-jī Sù-tô͘
Chiàu Má-thài Hok-im 10:2-4, Cha̍p-jī Sù-tô͘ sī:

* Se-bûn (西門) (kiò chòe Pí-tek 彼得)
* An-tek-lia̍t (安得烈)
* Se-pí-thài ê kiáⁿ Ngá-kok (西庇太ê仔雅各)
* Iok-hān (約翰)
* Hui-le̍k (腓力)
* Pa-to-lô-mái (巴多羅買)
* To-má (多馬)
* Thiu-hiòng ê Má-thài (抽餉ê馬太)
* A-le̍k-hui ê kiáⁿ Ngá-kok (亞勒腓ê仔雅各)
* Ta̍t-thài (達太)
* Ka-ná-nî ê Se-bûn (Ka-ná-nî ê西門)
* Ka-lio̍k lâng Iû-tāi (bōe Iâ-so͘ ê) (加略人偤大)

Chiàu Sù-tô͘ Hēng-toān 1:18-26, Iâ-so͘ Ki-tok seng-thian í-āu, Má-thê-a (馬提亞) pó͘-soán chòe sù-tô͘.
Pa-ná-pa

**Pa-ná-pa** (巴拿巴, , ) sī siāng kó͘-chá ê Ki-tok-kàu thôan-tō-jîn chi it. Pún-miâ **Iok-sek** (約瑟, Joseph), sī Iû-thài ê Lī-bī cho̍k ê lâng, chhut-sì tī Ku-pí-lō͘, sù-tô͘ kiò i chòe Pa-ná-pa, ì-sù sī "gâu an-ùi ê lâng".
Í-sek-lia̍t cha̍p-jī chi-phài

**Í-sek-lia̍t cha̍p-jī chi-phài** (以色列十二支派) sī  Í-sek-lia̍t tē 3 tāi chó͘-sian Ngá-kok ê 12 ê kiáⁿ hoat-tián lâi ê 12 chi-phài. Kî-tiong tē 11 kiáⁿ Iok-sek sī Ai-ki̍p siú-siòng tit-kàu nn̄g hūn ka-sán, hun-pia̍t iû Í-hoat-liân kah Má-ná-se kè-sêng. Lī-bī chi-phài choan-bûn hū-chek koán-lí Iok-kūi (約櫃), bô chham-ka hun-phòe thó͘-tē, toà tī kî-thaⁿ chi-phài lāi-bīn, só͘-í chóng-sò͘ iáu-koh sī 12.

## Í-sek-lia̍t cha̍p-jī chi-phài
Chiàu *[[Sèng-keng]]*, chia 12 chi-phài sī:

* Liû-piān chi-phài (流便支派, Tribe of Reuben), toā kiáⁿ Liû-piān āu-tāi
* Se-biān chi-phài (西緬支派, Tribe of Simeon): tē 2 kiáⁿ Se-biān āu-tāi
* Lī-bī chi-phài (利未支派, Tribe of Levi): tē 3 kiáⁿ Lī-bī āu-tāi
* Iû-tāi chi-phài (偤大支派, Tribe of Judah): tē 4 kiáⁿ Iû-tāi āu-tāi
* Tàn chi-phài (但支派, Tribe of Dan): tē 5 kiáⁿ Tàn āu-tāi
* La̍p-tāi-lī chi-phài (納大利支派, Tribe of Naphtali): tē 6 kiáⁿ La̍p-tāi-lī āu-tāi
* Ka-tek chi-phài (迦得支派, Tribe of Gad): tē 7 kiáⁿ Ka-tek āu-tāi
* A-siat chi-phài (亞設支派, Tribe of Asher): tē 8 kiáⁿ A-siat āu-tāi
* Í-sat-ka chi-phài (以薩迦支派, Tribe of Issachar): tē 9 kiáⁿ Í-sat-ka āu-tāi
* Se-pò͘-lûn chi-phài (西布倫支派, Tribe of Zebulun): tē 10 kiáⁿ Se-pò͘-lûn āu-tāi
* Iok-sek chi-phài (約瑟支派, Tribe of Joseph): tē 11 kiáⁿ Iok-sek āu-tāi
** Í-hoat-liân chi-phài (以法蓮支派, Tribe of Ephraim): Iok-sek tē 2 kiáⁿ Í-hoat-liân āu-tāi
** Má-ná-se chi-phài (瑪拿西支派, Tribe of Manasseh): Iok-sek toā kiáⁿ Má-ná-se āu-tāi
* Piān-ngá-bín chi-phài (便雅憫支派, Tribe of Benjamin): tē 12 kiáⁿ Piān-ngá-bín āu-tāi
Entrez

**Entrez** (IPA: [ɒnˈtreɪ]) Tsuân-kio̍k tshâ-sûn khua sòo-kì hē-thóng (Global Query Cross-Database Search System ) sī tsi̍t-ê liân-ha̍p tshiau-tshuē e̋n-jín hi̍k-tsiá mn̂g-hōo bāng-tsām, ún-tsún iōng-tsiá teh Kok-ka sing-bu̍t ki-su̍t sìn-sit tiong-sim (National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)) bāng-tsām tíng-kuân tshiau-tshuē tsiânn-tsē lī-suànn ê kiān-khong kho-ha̍k sòo-kì. NCBI sī kok-ka i-ha̍k tôo-su-kuán (National Library of Medicine (NLM)) ê tsi̍t-pōo-hūn; koh-lâi Kok-ka i-ha̍k tôo-su-kuán pún-sin koh-sī Bí-kok kok-li̍p uē-sing gián-kiù-īnn (National Institutes of Health (NIH)) ê tsi̍t-ê pōo-mn̂g, lî-tshiánn NIH koh-sī Bí-kok uē-sing kì kong-tsiòng ho̍k-bū-pōo ê tsi̍t-pōo-hūn. Suán-ti̍k "Entrez" (teh huat-gú lāi-té sī "ji̍p-lâi" ê būn-hāu gú) tsit-ê bîng-tshing sī uī-tio̍h thé-hiàn huan-gîng kong-tsiòng tshiau-tshuē NLM the̍h-kióng ê luē-iông tsing-sîn.

Entrez Global Query sī tsi̍t-êj tsi̍p-sîng ê tshiau-tshuē hām kiám-sik hē-thóng; ē-tàng thong-kuè tan-ê  tshâ-sûn jī-hû tshuàn kap iōng-tsiá kài-bīn, tông-sî hóng-mn̄g sóo-ū ê sòo-kì-khòo. Entrez ē-sái ū-hāu lâi kiám-sik siong-kuan hē-lia̍t, kiat-kòo kap tsham-khó bûn-hiàn. Entrez hē-thóng ē-tàng the̍h-kióng ki-in hām nn̄g-pe̍h-tsit hē-lia̍t, í-ki̍p ní-sik-thé tôo-phóo ê sī-tôo. Tsi̍t-kuá-á kàu-kho-su mā ē-sái thong-kuè Entrez hē-thóng tsāi-suànn lai hi̍k-tshú.

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
*UniGene
*Genome project
*PubChem

## Guā-pōo liân-kiat
* Entrez search engine form
* Entrez Help
Kertész Imre

**Kertész Imre** () sī Hông-gâ-lī ê bûn-ha̍k-ka, 2002 nî ê Nobel Bûn-ha̍k Chióng ê ti̍t-chióng-jîn.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bûn-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Hông-gâ-lī jîn-bu̍t
Ôe Kenzaburô

**Ôe Kenzaburô** (, ) sī Ji̍t-pún ê bûn-ha̍k-ka, 1994 nî ê Nobel Bûn-ha̍k Chióng ê ti̍t-chióng-jîn.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bûn-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Ji̍t-pún chok-ka
Yukawa Hideki

**Yukawa Hideki** (, ) sī Ji̍t-pún ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I sī 1949 nî ê Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng ê ti̍t-chióng-jîn.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Ji̍t-pún jîn-bu̍t
Tomonaga Sin'itirô

**Tomonaga Sin'itirô** (, ) sī Ji̍t-pún ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1965 nî kah Julian Schwinger, Richard Feynman tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Ji̍t-pún jîn-bu̍t
Yoichiro Nambu

**Yoichiro Nambu** ( *Nanbu Yôitirô*, ) sī tī Ji̍t-pún chhut-sì ê Bí-kok bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2008 nî kah Kobayasi Makoto, Masukawa Tosihide tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Wolf Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok jîn-bu̍t
Shuji Nakamura

**Shuji Nakamura** ( *Nakamura Syûzi*, ) sī tī Ji̍t-pún chhut-sì ê Bí-kok bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2014 nî kah Amano Hirosi, Akasaki Isamu tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok jîn-bu̍t
Syukuro Manabe

**Syukuro Manabe** ( *Manabe Syukurô*, ) sī tī Ji̍t-pún chhut-sì ê Bí-kok bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2021 nî kah Giorgio Parisi, Klaus Hasselmann tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok jîn-bu̍t
Tanaka Kôiti

**Tanaka Kôiti** (, ) sī Ji̍t-pún ê hòa-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2002 nî kah John B. Fenn, Kurt Wüthrich tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Hòa-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Hòa-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Ji̍t-pún jîn-bu̍t
Tonegawa Susumu

**Tonegawa Susumu** (, ) sī Ji̍t-pún ê seng-bu̍t-ha̍k-ka. I sī 1987 nî ê Nobel Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Chióng ê ti̍t-chióng-jîn.

Lūi-pia̍t:Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Ji̍t-pún jîn-bu̍t
Noyori Ryôzi

**Noyori Ryôzi** (, ) sī Ji̍t-pún ê hòa-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2001 nî kah William Knowles, K. Barry Sharpless tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Hòa-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Wolf Hòa-ha̍k Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Hòa-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
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Yamanaka Sin'ya

**Yamanaka Sin'ya** (, ) sī Ji̍t-pún ê seng-bu̍t-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2012 nî kah John Gurdon tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Wolf I-ha̍k Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
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Ômura Satosi

**Ômura Satosi** (, ) sī Ji̍t-pún ê hòa-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2015 nî kah William C. Campbell, Tô͘ Iu-iu tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Ji̍t-pún jîn-bu̍t
Honzyo Tasuku

**Honzyo Tasuku** (, ) sī Ji̍t-pún ê i-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2018 nî kah James P. Allison tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Ji̍t-pún jîn-bu̍t
Katalin Karikó

**Katalin Karikó** (, ) sī tī Hông-gâ-lī chhut-sì ê Bí-kok seng-bu̍t hòa-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2023 nî kah Drew Weissman tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok jîn-bu̍t
Ferenc Krausz

**Ferenc Krausz** (, ) sī tī Hông-gâ-lī chhut-sì ê Bí-kok bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2023 nî kah Pierre Agostini, Anne L'Huillier tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Wolf Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
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Szent-Györgyi Albert

**Nagyrápolti Szent-Györgyi Albert Imre** (, ) sī tī Hông-gâ-lī ê seng-bu̍t hòa-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1937 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Hông-gâ-lī jîn-bu̍t
John Polanyi

**John Charles Polanyi** (, ) sī tī Tek-kok chhut-sì ê Hông-gâ-lī-lâng Canada hòa-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1986 nî kah Dudley R. Herschbach, Lí Oán-tiat tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Hòa-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Wolf Hòa-ha̍k Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
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George Andrew Olah

**George Andrew Olah** (, ) sī tī Hông-gâ-lī chhut-sì ê Bí-kok hòa-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1994 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Hòa-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Hòa-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok jîn-bu̍t
Herbert A. Simon

**Herbert Alexander Simon** () sī Bí-kok ê chi̍t ê kho-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1978 nî tit tio̍h Nobel Keng-chè-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Turing Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Keng-chè-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Abiy Ahmed

**Abiy Ahmed Ali** (Oromo-gí: , Amhara-gí: ; ) sī Ethiopia ê chèng-tī-ka, tùi 2018 nî kàu taⁿ sī Ethiopia chóng-lí. I tī 2019 nî the̍h-tioh Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng.

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Lūi-pia̍t:Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Lê Đức Thọ

**Lê Đức Thọ** (), pún-miâ **Phan Đình Khải**, sī Oa̍t-lâm ê chèng-tī-ka. I tī 1973 nî the̍h-tioh Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng, tān-sī i kū-choa̍t thê-miâ.

Lūi-pia̍t:Oa̍t-lâm jîn-bu̍t
Lūi-pia̍t:Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Wassily Leontief

**Wassily Leontief** (), Lō͘-se-a-miâ **Vasily Vasilievich Leontyev** (),  sī tī Tek-kok chhut-sì ê Bí-kok Lō͘-se-a-lâng keng-chè-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1973 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Keng-chè-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Keng-chè-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
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Leonid Kantorovich

**Leonid Vitalyevich Kantorovich** (, ) sī So͘-liân ê sò͘-ha̍k-ka kah keng-chè-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1975 nî kah Tjalling C. Koopmans tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Keng-chè-ha̍k Chióng.

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Lūi-pia̍t:So͘-liân jîn-bu̍t
Harry Markowitz

**Harry Max Markowitz** () sī Bí-kok ê keng-chè-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1990 nî kah Merton H. Miller, William F. Sharpe tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Keng-chè-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Keng-chè-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok jîn-bu̍t
Simon Kuznets

**Simon Smith Kuznets** (), Lō͘-se-a-miâ **Semyon Abramovich Kuznets** (), sī tī Lō͘-se-a chhut-sì ê Bí-kok keng-chè-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1971 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Keng-chè-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Keng-chè-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok jîn-bu̍t
John Forbes Nash Jr.

**John Forbes Nash Jr.** () sī Bí-kok ê chi̍t ê sò͘-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1994 nî kah John C. Harsanyi, Reinhard Selten tâng-chê tit tio̍h Nobel Keng-chè-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Keng-chè-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Luc Montagnier

**Luc Antoine Montagnier** () sī Hoat-kok ê pēⁿ-to̍k-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2008 nî kah Harald zur Hausen, Françoise Barré-Sinoussi tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
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Paul Samuelson

**Paul Anthony Samuelson** () sī Bí-kok keng-chè-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1970 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Keng-chè-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Keng-chè-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok jîn-bu̍t
Pavel Cherenkov

**Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov** (, ) sī So͘-liân ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1958 nî kah Ilya Frank, Igor Tamm tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:So͘-liân jîn-bu̍t
Nikolay Basov

**Nikolay Gennadiyevich Basov** (, ) sī So͘-liân ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1964 nî kah Charles H. Townes, Alexander Prokhorov tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
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Pyotr Kapitsa

**Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa** (, ) sī So͘-liân ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1978 nî kah Arno Allan Penzias, Robert Woodrow Wilson tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:So͘-liân jîn-bu̍t
Shimon Peres

**Shimon Peres** (, ) sī Í-sek-lia̍t ê chèng-tī-ka, tùi 2007 nî kàu 2014 nî sī Í-sek-lia̍t chóng-thóng. I tī 1994 nî kah Yitzhak Rabin, Yasser Arafat tâng-chê the̍h-tioh Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Frederik Willem de Klerk

**Frederik Willem de Klerk** () sī Lâm-hui-kok ê chèng-tī-ka, tùi 1989 nî kàu 1994 nî sī Lâm-hui kok-ka chóng-thóng. I tī 1993 nî kah Nelson Mandela tâng-chê the̍h-tioh Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Lâm-hui jîn-bu̍t
Lūi-pia̍t:Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Andrei Sakharov

**Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov** (, ) sī So͘-liân ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1975 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:So͘-liân jîn-bu̍t
Zhores Alferov

**Zhores Ivanovich Alferov** (, ) sī So͘-liân kah Lō͘-se-a ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2000 nî kah Herbert Kroemer, Jack Kilby tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
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Vitaly Ginzburg

**Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg** (, ) sī So͘-liân kah Lō͘-se-a ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2003 nî kah Alexei Abrikosov, Anthony James Leggett tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Wolf Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
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Konstantin Novoselov

**Konstantin Sergeevich Novoselov** (, ) sī Lō͘-se-a kah Eng-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2010 nî kah Andre Geim tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
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Alexei Abrikosov

**Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov** (, ) sī So͘-liân, Lō͘-se-a kah Bí-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2003 nî kah Vitaly Ginzburg, Anthony James Leggett tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
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Ilya Mechnikov

**Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov** (, ) sī Lō͘-se-a ê tōng-bu̍t-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1908 nî kah Paul Ehrlich tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
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Alexey Ekimov

**Alexey Ivanovich Ekimov** (, ) sī Lō͘-se-a ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2023 nî kah Moungi G. Bawendi, Louis E. Brus tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Hòa-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Hòa-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
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Joseph Brodsky

**Joseph Brodsky** () Lō͘-se-a-miâ **Iosif Aleksandrovich Brodsky** (), sī tī So͘-liân chhut-sì ê Bí-kok bûn-ha̍k-ka, 1987 nî ê Nobel Bûn-ha̍k Chióng ê ti̍t-chióng-jîn.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bûn-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok jîn-bu̍t
Svyatlana Aleksiyevich

**Svyatlana Alaksandrawna Aleksiyevich** (, ) sī Belarus ê bûn-ha̍k-ka, 2015 nî ê Nobel Bûn-ha̍k Chióng ê ti̍t-chióng-jîn.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bûn-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Belarus jîn-bu̍t
Dmitry Muratov

**Dmitry Andreyevich Muratov** (, ) sī Lō͘-se-a ê kì-chiá, 2021 nî ê Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng ê ti̍t-chióng-jîn.

Lūi-pia̍t:Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Lō͘-se-a jîn-bu̍t
Ales Bialiatski

**Ales Viktaravich Bialiatski** (, ) sī Belarus ê chèng-tī oa̍h-tōng-chiá, tī 2022 nî kah Memorial, Kong-bîn Chū-iû Tiong-sim tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Belarus jîn-bu̍t
Kàu-hông Stephanus 2-sè

**Stephanus 2-sè** () sī Lô-má Thian-chú-kàu ê tē-92 jīm kàu-hông; tī 752 nî kàu 757 nî chāi-ūi.

Stephanus 2-sè
Chí-gó kang-têng

**Tsí-góo kang-tîng** (hàn-gú: 子午工程; ing-gú: Meridian Space Weather Monitoring Project), tsuân-tshing "Tang puànn-kiû khong-kan khuân-kíng tē-ki tsong-ha̍p kàm-tshik tsí-góo liān" (東半球空間環境地基綜合監測子午鏈), sī Tiong-kok khong-kan kho-ha̍k líng-i̍k ê thâu-tsi̍t-ê kok-ka tiōng-tāi kho-ki ki-tshóo siat-si hāng-bo̍k. Tsham-ú kiàn-siat ê pau-kuat Tiong-kok kho-ha̍k-īnn, kàu-io̍k pōo, sìn-sit sán-gia̍p pōo, Tiong-kok tē-tsìn kio̍k, kok-ka hái-iûnn kio̍k, Tiong-kok khì-siōng kio̍k.

## Tsù-kái

## Guā-pōo liân-kiat
* 子午工程
Obdzekt 279

**Obdzekt 279** **Kotin** (gô-gú: Объект 279 Котин; kán-tshing: 279 tsèn-tshia) sī 1959-nî ê nî-té gén-tsè ê Soo-lên si̍t-giām-sìng . Tsit-khuán ti̍k-sû iōng-tōo ê tsèn-tshia tsú-iàu iōng-teh ua̍t-iá tē-hîng tíng-kuân lâi tsìn-hîng tsok-tsèn, tsit-khuán tē-hîng sī siông-kui ê tsèn-tshia bô-huat-tōo tsìn-zi̍p ê sóo-tsai. Obdzekt 279 sī iōng-tsò "tiōng-hîng tu̍t-phuà tsèn-tshia" lâi phuè-tī; pit-iàu ê sî-tsūn sīm-tsì ē-tàng sîng-siū hi̍k-tān  ê . Obdzekt 279 í-tsîng hông kè-uē sú-iōng tsò siōng-kuân tsí-hui ê ū-pī-tuī tsèn-tshia.

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-khó bûn-hèn

*Карпенко А. В. Тяжёлые танки // Обозрение отечественной бронетанковой техники (1905—1995). — Санкт-Петербург: Невский бастион, 1996. — С. 434. — 480 с. — 10 000 экз. 
*М. В. Павлов, И. В. Павлов. Отечественные бронированные машины 1945—1965 гг. // Техника и вооружение: вчера, сегодня, завтра. — Москва: Техинформ, 2009. — № 9. — С. 53. 

## Tsham-ua̍t
* (po̍k-tsà/Explosion)
* (tshiong-kik-pho/shock wave}}

## Guā-pōo lên-ket

*Russian tanks and armor - Obƶekt 279
*ОБЪЕКТ 279
* Объект 279 // armor.kiev.ua
* Тайна «Проекта 279» // СвободнаяПресса
* Obƶekt 279 // nemo.nu 
*  Объект 279: что представлял собой тяжёлый танк для ядерной войны // РГ, 18.05.2020 
* в игре Tanktastic — Obƶekt 279 доступен к покупке любому игроку за игровую валюту, без каких либо дополнительных условий.
* в игре Карибский Кризис: Ледниковый Поход

Lūi-pia̍t:Léng-chiàn ê tiōng-hêng chiàn-chhia

Lūi-pia̍t:So͘-liân ê tiōng-hêng chiàn-chhia
Ӡ (kiril)

**Ӡ** (dze; sió-siá ʒ; italics: *Ӡ ӡ*; ing-gú: Abkhazian Dze) sī kiril iân-sin jī-bió. Ӡ teh Abkhaz-gú tang-tiong sú-iōng, piáu-sī "to̍k khí-gûn sik-tshat im , huat-im luī-sū teh "pods" tang-tiong ê ⟨ds⟩. Ӡ tsit-ê jī-bió iōng-teh Abkhaz-gú hām Uilta-gú. Ӡ iah hông iōng-tī 1937-nî Karelia gú-giân ê tsi̍t-hāng the̍h-àn (bī thong-kuè).

Jī-bió ê hîng-tsōng khuànn-khí lâi kah lating jī-bió Ezh (Ʒ, ʒ), í-ki̍p sòo-jī 3 hui-siông sio-kâng; m̄-ku teh bóo-mih jī-thé tang-tiong, Abkhazia Dze ê tuā-siá hîng-sik bô hā-kàng pōo (descender) hi̍k-tsiá bué-pōo khah té. Ӡ tsit-ê jī-bió kah kiril jī-bió Ѕ (Dze) beh sio-kâng, tāi-piáu sio-kâng ê siann-im.

## Im-tī
Ӡ/ӡ (dze) teh im-ti̍t thong-siông piáu-sī "to̍k khí-gûn sik-tshat im" .

## Kè-sǹg tāi-bé
Ӡ/ӡ (dze) ē-tàng iōng i-hā ê Unicode jī-hû (kiril jī-bió), UTF-8 hām  tíng-tíng tāi-bé lâi piáu-sī:

## Jī-hû pian-bé
Ӡ/ӡ (dze) mā ē-tàng iōng i-hā ê Unicode  (kiril jī-bió) tāi-bé piáu-sī:

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
*List of Cyrillic letters
*Unicode Consortium

## Guā-pōo lên-ket

* CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ABKHASIAN DZE04E0-- Ӡ
*CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ABKHASIAN DZE04E1--ӡ
*Transliteration of Non-Roman Scripts

Lūi-pia̍t:Kiril jī-bió
Tiong-kok kok-ka hêng-chèng ha̍k-īⁿ

**Tiong-kok kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn** (hàn-gú: 國家行政學院; ing-gú: National Academy of Governance), 1994-nî sîng-li̍p. 2018-nî khai-sí kah Tiong-kiōng tiong-iong tóng-hāu tsit-e ki-kòo nn̄g-ê pâi-á, khiā tī   Tiong-kok Pak-kiann tshī. Tiong-kok kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn sī uī-tio̍h sik-ìng kái-kik khai-hòng hām siā-huē tsú-gī hiān-tāi-huà kiàn-siat sū-gia̍p ê su-iàu, tī 1988-nî khai-si tiû-kiàn, 1994-nî teh Pak-kiann sîng-li̍p; siāng-sî uî tsiànn-pōo kip kok-bū-īnn ti̍t-sio̍k sū-gia̍p tan-uī, uá-iūnn Huat-kok kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn kiàn-li̍p ê kong-bū-guân puê-hùn ki-kòo. Tiong-kok kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn īnn-tiúnn sī iû kok-bū-īnn pì-su-tiúnn kiam-jīm, siú-jīm īnn-tiúnn sī Lí Kuì-sian (李貴鮮). Tiong-kok kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn sī puê-hùn ko-kip hām tiong-kip kok-ka kong-bū-guân ê sin-hîng ha̍k-hú kah puê-ióng ko-tsân-tshù ê hîng-tsìng kuán-lí í-ki̍p tsìng-tshik gián-kiù jîn-tsâi ê tiōng-iàu ki-tē,. Tī 2018-nî thiat-siau tsîng sī khiā-tī Tiong-kok Pak-kiann tshī Hái-tīng khu se-pak sam-khuân siōng ê Soo-tsiu kiô sai ê tn̂g-tshun kiô lōo 6-hō (北京市海淀區西北三環上的蘇州橋西的長春橋路6號).

2018-nî 3-gue̍h, teh tshim-huà tóng hām kok-ka ki-kòo ê kái-kik tiong, pìng-ji̍p Tiong-kiōng tiong-iong tóng-hāu. Kái-uî Tiong-kiōng tiong-iong tóng-hāu ka-kuà ê pâi-á. Tī 2019-nî, Tiong-kiōng tiong-iong tóng-hāu ha̍k-pò (tshòng-khan tī 1997-nî) kap Kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn ha̍k-pò（tshòng-khan tī 2000-nî) ha̍p-pìng tsò Tiong-kiōng tiong-iong tóng-hāu (Kok-ka hîng-tsìng) ha̍k-pò.

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
*Tiong-kok kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn tshut-pán siā (国家行政学院出版社)

## Guā-pōo liân-kiat
*Tiong-kiōng tiong-iong tóng-hāu (Kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn)
Ӡ

**Ӡ** (sió-siá ʒ; siâ-thé: *Ӡ ӡ*; to̍k Ezh ), iah kiò-tsò "ū-bué ê z" (tailed z), sī tsi̍t-ê lating iân-sin jī-bió, in-uī Ӡ teh kok-tsè im-piau (IPA) tang-tiong piáu-sī "To̍k go̍k-gûn tshat-im" (voiced postalveolar fricative) hú-im jî-lâi bûn-miâ. Pí-jû, vision /ˈvɪʒən/ hām precision /prɪˈsɪʒən/ tang-tiong si ê huat-im, hi̍k-tsiá treasure /ˈtrɛʒər/  tang-tiong ⟨s⟩ ê huat-im. Līng-tshiánn tsham-ua̍t tsiânn-tsē Slav gú-giân tang-tiong sú-iōng ê jī-bió ⟨Ž⟩, Phosujī-bió jī-hîng ⟨ژ⟩, Kiril jī-bió ⟨Ж⟩ kap Esperanto ê jī-bió ⟨Ĵ⟩。

Ӡ teh Laz-gú hām Skolt Sami gú ê tsi̍t-kuá-á tsìng-jī huat tang-tiong iah hông iōng-tsò jī-bió; put-tān ē-tàng tan-to̍k sú-iōng, mā ē-sái tài-iú tsi̍t-ê ik-iông hû (⟨Ǯ⟩ ⟨ǯ⟩). Teh Laz-gú tang-tiong, tsia--ê hun-pia̍t tāi-piáu "Tshing khí-gûn sik-tshat im" /ts/ (voiceless alveolar affricate) /ts/ í-ki̍p i tuì-ìng ê "Khí-gûn phùn sik-tshat im" (alveolar ejective affricate) /ts'/. Teh Skolt Sami-gú tang-tiong, in hun-pia̍t piáu-sī pōo-hūn ê  "To̍k khí-gûn sik-tshat im" (voiced alveolar affricate) hām "To̍k go̍k-gûn sik-tshat im" (voiced postalveolar affricate), it-puann IPA piáu-sī tsò /dz/ hām /dʒ/. Ӡ mā tshut-hiānp teh tsi̍t-kuá-á Hui-tsiu  gú-giân ê tsìng-jī huat tang-tiong; pí-jû Benin  Aja-gú hām Ghana ê Dagbani-gú, kî-tiong tuā-siá piàn-thé khuànn tshin-tshiūnn huán-siā ê khí-lâi sigma ⟨Σ⟩.

## Im-ti̍k
Ӡ/ӡ teh im-ti̍k thong-siông piáu-sī "To̍k go̍k-gûn tshat-im" (voiced postalveolar fricative) , hi̍k-tsiá "To̍k khí-gûn sik-tshat im" .

## Khí-guân
Tsok-uî tsi̍t-ê gú-im hû-hō, Ӡ ⟨ezh⟩ khí-guân tsū Isaac Pitman tī 1847-nî ê ing-gú im-hîng jī-bió, tio̍h-sī z ka-siōng tsi̍t-ê kau-á. Ӡ ⟨ezh⟩ tsit-ê hû-hō khiā tī tiong sè-kí tsháu-su hîng-sik ê lating jī-bió ⟨z⟩, ián-piàn tsò oo-thé ⟨z⟩ jī-bió. M̄-ku, teh Unicode lāi-té, oo-jī ⟨z⟩ ("ū-bué ê z" (tailed z), Tik-gú geschwänztes Z) hông khuànn-tsò ⟨z⟩ ê jī-hîng piàn-thé; m̄ sī ⟨ezh⟩. Jîn-bûn tsú-gī tsiá Gian Giorgio Trissino tī 1524-nî the̍h-tshut Italia ê tsìng-jī huat kái-kik, ín-ji̍p Ӡ ⟨ezh⟩ tsok-uî [dz] im ê tuā-siá ⟨ç⟩.

Teh sú-iōng "ū-bué ê z" (tailed z) hām bô-bué ê z (tail-less z) pí-kàu ê siōng-hā bûn lāi-té, ti̍k-pia̍t sī teh tiong-kóo ko-tē Tik-gú êpiau-tsún tsuán-lio̍k tang-tiong, ū-tang-sî-á ē sú-iōng Unicode ⟨ʒ⟩, giâm-keh lâi-kóng tse sī tshò-gōo ê. Unicode thê-kiong ⟨ş⟩ "z ū tài kau" (z with hook) tsok-uî tiong-kóo ko-tē Tik-gú  tshat-im (coronal fricative)  ê gú-sòo.

## Kè-sǹg tāi-bé
Ӡ/ӡ (ezh) ē-tàng iōng i-hā ê Unicode jī-hû (lating jī-bió), UTF-8 hām  tíng-tíng tāi-bé lâi piáu-sī:

## Jī-hû pian-bé
Ӡ/ӡ (ezh) mā ē-tàng iōng i-hā ê Unicode  (lating jī-bió) tāi-bé piáu-sī:

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
*To̍k go̍k-gûn tshat-im (voiced postalveolar fricative)
*Siat-kuan im (coronal consonant)

## Guā-pōo liân-kiat

* Michael Everson's essay On the derivation of Yogh and Ezh
*LATIN CAPITAL LETTER EZH01B7--Ʒ
*LATIN SMALL LETTER EZH0292--ʒ

Lūi-pia̍t:Gí-im choán-siá hû-hō
Lūi-pia̍t:Lating bûn-jī jī-bió
20 sin shekel gîn-phiò

**20 sin shekel gîn-phiò** (₪20; jī-tsa̍p sin sià-khik-li̍k gîn-phiò; 20 new shekel banknote) sī Israel sin shekel bīn-gia̍h siōng-kē ê gîn-phiò, tī 1988-nî siú-tshù huat-hîng A hē-lia̍t, 1999-nî huat-hîng B hē-lia̍t, 2017-nî huat-hîng C hē-lia̍t.

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
*Israeli new shekel

## Guā-pōo liân-kiat
*20 New Shekels (Rachel Bluwstein) - Israel – Numista
*Bank of Israel unveils new banknotes featuring women

Lūi-pia̍t:Shekel gîn-phiò
Lâng Lâng Iú Kang Liān

**Lâng Lâng Iú Kang Liān** sī Tâi-oân chi̍t keng siat tī Tâi-lâm ê hip-hop im-ga̍k kang-chok sek. Sī Tōa-ki i tī 2003 nî só͘ chhòng-li̍p ê (mā ū lâng kóng sī tī 2004 nî). Thâu-khí-seng sī beh hō͘ in chi̍t tīn kāng-khoán kah-ì hip-hop ê pêng-iú sio-kap chò-hóe.

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ga̍k-thoân
Tre Viet hâng-khong

**Tre Viet hâng-khong [[Tu-sek-hoē-siā|KIK]]** (Ua̍t-lâm-gú: CTCP Hàng không Tre Việt, i-su sī "Viet Bamboo Aviation JSC"; hàn-gú: 越竹航空) sī tsi̍t-king sîng-li̍p tī 2017-nî ê Ua̍t-lâm hâng-khong kong-si. Tre Việt hâng-khong kong-si tī 2019-nî 1-gue̍h khai-si îng-ūn; pīng-tshiánn suan-pòo tio̍h tsun-sûn "hūn-ha̍p hâng-khong" (hybrid airline) ê bôo-sik. Tre Việt hâng-khong îng-ūn tsi̍t-ki iû tsik-thé (narrowbody) hām khuan-thé (widebody) ê hui-ki sóo tsoo-sîng ê hūn-ha̍p ki-tuī; teh Noi Bai kok-tsè ki-tiûnn hām Tan Son Nhat kok-tsè ki-tiûnn, í-ki̍p i-ê tsù-tsheh ki-tē Phu Cat ki-tiûnn siat-iú tshu-liú (樞紐).

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t

*Transport in Vietnam
*Phu Cat Airport
*Tan Son Nhat International Airport
*Noi Bai International Airport

## Guā-pōo liân-kiat
*Tre Việt hâng-khong
Tang-pō͘ ki-tiûⁿ chi̍p-thoân

**Tang-pōo ki-tiûnn tsi̍p-thuân iú-hān kong-si** (hàn-gú: 東部機場集團有限公司, kán-tshing Tang-pōo ki-tiûnn tsi̍p-thuân (東部機場集團); ing-gú: Eastern Airports) sī lē-sio̍k Kang-soo jîn-bîn tsìng-hú (江蘇省人民政府) hām Lâm-kiann jîn-bîn tsìng-hú (南京市人民政府) ê síng-kip ki-tiûnn tsi̍p-thuân. Tsi̍p-thuân tī 2018-nî 9-gue̍h 15-ji̍t tsìng-sik sîng-li̍p, tsiân-sin uî 1997-nî 6-gue̍h 10-ji̍t sîng-li̍p ê Lâm-kiann lo̍k-khió kok-tsè ki-tiûnn iú-hān kong-si (南京祿口國際機場有限公司).

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t

*Lianyungang Huaguoshan Airport
*Lianyungang Baitabu Airport
*Yangzhou Taizhou International Airport
*Yancheng Nanyang International Airport
*Huai'an Lianshui International Airport
*Changzhou Benniu International Airport
*Xuzhou Guanyin International Airport
*Nanjing Lukou International Airport

## Guā-pōo liân-kiat
*Bîn-iōng hâng-khong bāng
Bân-lâm gú su-siá hē-thóng pí-kàu

**Bân-lâm gú su-siá hē-thóng pí-kàu** (ing-gú: Comparison of Hokkien writing systems), Bân-lâm-gú ū tsiânn-tsē bô kāng-khuán ê su-siá hē-thóng, pau-kuat Lating-jī, tsù-im jī, katakana, í-ki̍p hàn-jī ê kái-pian. 

## Kok hē-thóng ê pí-kàu
Teh tsia pí-kàu tsi̍t-kuá-á siōng-siū huan-gîng ê Bân-lâm gú su-ji̍p jī-hîng hē-thóng.

## Tsù-kái
Daniela Melchior

**Daniela Melchior** (), pún-miâ **Daniela Melchior dos Reis Lopes Pereira**, sī chi̍t-ūi Phû-tô-gâ ê cha-bó͘ ián-goân.

Lūi-pia̍t:Ián-oân
Syl-gí

**Syl-gí** sī tī Bangladesh Sylhet Hun-khu kap Ìn-tō͘ Assam-séng ê Ìn-Au gí-hē Ìn-tō͘ I-lóng gí-chi Ìn-tō͘ Aryan gí-ki--ê gí-giân.

## Siaⁿ-im

## Tôo-siōng

ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ ꠛꠁ.jpg
Halot-un-nabi-page1.gif
Nagri sample.jpg


## Tsù-kái

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
  

*
*
*
*
* Recherche et traduction Sylheti  Une organisation indépendante au Royaume-Uni.

Lūi-pia̍t:Ìn-Au gí-hē
He̍k

## Sò͘-ha̍k

* Hâm-sò͘ ê he̍k, tēng-gī (chóng) hâm-sò͘ ê chi̍t-cho͘ su-ji̍p tat.
** Phian hâm-sò͘ ê tēng-gī léng-he̍k
** Phian hâm-sò͘ ê Chū-jiân léng-he̍k
** Hâm-sò͘ ê sûn-choân léng-he̍k
* Sò͘-ha̍k hun-sek ê he̍k, chi̍t-ê khai-hòng koan-liân ê chi̍p-ha̍p
* Lūn-su̍t ê he̍k, lô-chip piàn-liōng hoān-ûi lāi-tóe ê chi̍t-cho͘ si̍t-thé
* Tāi-sò͘ kiat-kò͘ ê he̍k, tēng-gī tāi-sò͘ kiat-kò͘ ê chi̍p-ha̍p
* Lí-lūn ê he̍k, tùi thê-kiong lambda ián-sǹg ê tē-it ê chí-chheng gú-gī ê liân-sio̍k keh ê bó͘ chi̍t-kóa chú-chi̍p ê gián-kiú 
* Khoân lí-lūn ê he̍k, bô tò-pêng iah-sī chiàⁿ-pêng lêng in-sò͘ ê hui-pêng-hoán khoân
** Chek-hun he̍k, bô lêng in-sò͘ ê hui pêng-hoán kau-ōaⁿ khoân
*** Goân-chú he̍k, chi̍t-ê chek-hun he̍k, kî-tiong ta̍k-ê hui lêng hui tan-ūi lóng-sī bē-tàng hun-kái ê goân-sò͘ ê iú-hān sêng-chek
*** Bézout he̍k, chi̍t-ê chek-hun he̍k, kî-tiong nn̄g-ê lí-sióng chóng khoân koh sī chi̍t-ê chú-iàu lí-sióng khoân
*** Euclidean he̍k, chi̍t-ê chek-hun he̍k, i tùi Euclidean  ián-sǹg-hoat chìn-hêng sek-tong ê thui-kóng
*** Dedekind he̍k, chi̍t-ê chek-hun he̍k, kî-tiong ta̍k-ê hui lêng chin lí-sióng lóng hun-kái chòe chit lí-sióng ê sêng-chek
*** GCD he̍k, chi̍t-ê chéng-sò͘ he̍k, kî-tiong múi 2 ê huilêng goân-sò͘ lóng ū chi̍t-ê siōng tōa kong-iok-sò͘
*** Chú Lí-sióng he̍k, chi̍t-ê oân-chéng ê léng-he̍k, kî-tiong ta̍k-ê lí-sióng lóng-sī chú-iàuh--ê.
*** Tek-pia̍t ê hun-kái he̍k, chi̍t-ê chek-hun he̍k, kî-tiong ta̍k-ê hui lêng goân-sò͘ lóng ōe-tàng í pún-chit siōng î-it ê hong-sek siá-chòe bē-tàng hun-kái goân-sò͘ ê sêng-chek
* Pîn-lu̍t ê he̍k, kap pîn-lu̍t iú-koan, m̄-sī sî-kan ê sò͘-ha̍k hâm-sò͘ hun-sek
* Ki-chhó͘ léng-he̍k, tú-hó pau-hâm lâi-chū tùi-chhèng kûn chok-iōng ê ta̍k-ê kúi-tō ê chi̍t-ê tiám ê khong-kan ê chú-chi̍p
* Sî-kan he̍k, koan-hē sî-kan ê sò͘-ha̍k hâm-sò͘ ê hun-sek

## Kho-ha̍k

* Tì-sek he̍k, bó͘ chi̍t-ê ha̍k-kho lāi-tóe ê tì-sek, thong-siông hêng-sek-hòa chòe su̍t-gú
* Seng-bu̍t ê he̍k), pí kài khah tōa ê hun-lūi-ha̍k hun-ki
* Ko-tiûⁿ he̍k (bu̍t-lí) tī pòaⁿ-tō-thé, mā kiò-chòe Böer he̍k
* Nn̄g-pe̍h-chit kiat-kò͘ he̍k (seng-bu̍t), nn̄g-pe̍h-chit ê chit pō͘-hūn, ōe-tàng to̍k-li̍p chûn-chāi tī nn̄g-pe̍h-chit liān-á ê kî-û pō͘-hūn
* Chû ê he̍k / tiû (bu̍t-lí), chû-sèng châi-liāu lāi-tóe ū chiâu-ûn chû-hòa ê khu-he̍k
* Siā-kau ê he̍k, siā-hōe-ha̍k ê chi̍t-ê khài-liām
* Lūn-su̍t ê he̍k, kap lô-chip hun-sek iú-koan ê si̍t-thé chi̍p-ha̍p 

## Chu-sìn kho-ki

## Tiûⁿ-só͘

### Australian Kong-kiōng Léng-he̍k

### New Zealand Kong-kiōng Léng-he̍k

## Tiān-iáⁿ

## Kî-thaⁿ sú-iōng
Ìn-tō͘ tāu-á mī-so͘ thn̂g

縮圖|250x250像素|Ìn-tō͘ tāu-á mī-so͘ thn̂g
**Ìn-tō͘ tāu-á mī-so͘ thn̂g** sī chi̍t-ê siū hoan-gêng ê Ìn-tō͘ tiⁿ-lō͘. I tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ sī tâu-á-hêng á-sī phàⁿ-phàⁿ soat-hoa hêng, chia̍h--khí-lâi chhin-chhiūⁿ chhùi-chhiu-thn̂g.  Thoân-thóng hoàn-bōe sī iōng chui-hêng ê chóa kā pau--khí-lâi, m̄-koh hiān-tāi kang-gia̍p seng-sán kā pau-chong chò kiat-si̍t ê tâu-á-hêng. 

## Le̍k-sú
Ìn-tō͘ tāu-á mī-so͘ thn̂g khí-goân sī Ìn-tō͘ Gujarat、Punjab、Uttar Pradesh、West Bengal kap Rajasthan ê kúi-ê siâⁿ-chhī, m̄-koh chin-si̍t ê le̍k-sú in-toan iû-goân m̄-chai. 

## Sêng-hun
I chú-iàu ê sêng-hun sī thn̂g、koe-sim-tāu hún、mī-hún、ni-phe̍h、gû-leng / gû-ni kap tāu-khò͘. 

## Chham-khó chu-liāu

Lūi-pia̍t:Ìn-tō͘ chia̍h-mi̍h
Lūi-pia̍t:Piáⁿ
Blessed Assurance

**Blessed Assurance** (ì-sù sī: "siū chiok-hok--ê pó-chèng"), sī tī 1873 nî, iû Bí-kok ki-tok-tô͘ Fanny Jane Crosby chok-sû, Phoebe Palmer Knapp chok-khek--ê ki-tok-kàu sèng-si. 

Tâi-oân Ki-tok Tiúⁿ-ló Kàu-hōe hoen-e̍k chò *Góa Sim Tōa Hoaⁿ-hí, Chú Tiàm Sin-piⁿ*.

## Goân-bûn ê sû kap khek

 
 \relative d' { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"flute"
   \key d \major
   \time 9/8
  \partial 8*3 fis8 e d
  a'4. a g8 a b a2. a8 fis a d4. cis4 cis8 b a gis a2. \bar "" \break
  fis8 e d a'4. a g8 a b a2. d,8 e fis g4. e d8 e cis d2. \bar "" \break
  a'8 a a d4. a b8 b b a2. a8 a a b4. d cis8 cis b cis2. \bar "" \break
  cis8 d e d4. a b8 a b a2. d,8 e fis g4. e d8. e16 cis8 d2.
  \bar "|."
  }
\addlyrics {\set stanza = #"1. "
     Bless -- ed as -- sur -- ance, Je -- sus is mine!
     O what a fore -- taste of glo -- ry di -- vine!
     Heir of sal -- va -- tion, pur -- chase of God,
     Born of His Spir -- it, washed in His blood.
  }
\addlyrics { \set stanza = #"2. " 
     Per -- fect sub -- mis -- sion, per -- fect de -- light!
     Vi -- sions of rap -- ture now burst on my sight;
     An -- gels de -- scend -- ing bring from a -- bove
     Ech -- oes of mer -- cy, whis -- pers of love.
     This is my sto -- ry, this is my song,
     prais -- ing my Sav -- ior all the day long;
     this is my sto -- ry, this is my song,
     prais -- ing my Sav -- ior all the day long.
  }
\addlyrics { \set stanza = #"3. " 
     Per -- fect sub -- mis -- sion, all is at rest!
     I in my Sav -- ior am hap -- py and blessed,
     Watch -- ing and wait -- ing, look -- ing a -- bove,
     Filled with His good -- ness, lost in His love.
  }
  

Lūi-pia̍t:Sèng-si
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok ê koa
Andre Geim

**Andre Geim** () sī Eng-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2010 nî kah Konstantin Novoselov tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Hô-lân jîn-bu̍t
Lūi-pia̍t:Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok jîn-bu̍t
Reinhard Genzel

**Reinhard Genzel** () sī Tek-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2020 nî kah Roger Penrose, Andrea M. Ghez tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Tek-kok jîn-bu̍t
Andrea M. Ghez

**Andrea Mia Ghez** () sī Bí-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2020 nî kah Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok jîn-bu̍t
Pierre Agostini

**Pierre Agostini** () sī Hoat-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2023 nî kah Ferenc Krausz, Anne L'Huillier tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Hoat-kok jîn-bu̍t
Giorgio Parisi

**Giorgio Parisi** () sī Í-tāi-lī ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2021 nî kah Klaus Hasselmann, Syukuro Manabe tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Í-tāi-lī jîn-bu̍t
Ka-khū

縮圖|250x250像素|Pak-au hong-keh ê chia̍h-pn̄g-toh cho͘-ha̍p
縮圖|262x262像素|Tiong-kok sek kó͘-tián ê ka-khū
**Ka-khū**, a̍h-sī **ka-kū** sī ūi-tio̍h seng-oa̍h, siā-hōe oa̍h-tāng ê khiā-khí, he̍k-chiá sī choh-sitê lī-piān só͘ phòe-pī ê iōng-kū. Thoân-thóng ê ka-khū lóng sī bô chham chhù ê chú-thé kap-chò-hóe, ē-tàng sóa-ūi--ê; hiān-tāi chin chōe ka-khū í-keng chiâⁿ-chò kiàn-tio̍k cho͘-sêng ê chi̍t-pō͘-hūn.

## Hun-lūi
Án kong-lêng ē-sái kā ka-khū hun-chò:

* Toh-á: pau-koat kí-toh, siá-jī-tâi, chia̍h-pn̄g-toh téng-téng
* The chē iōng-kū: pau-koat í-á, phòng-í, bîn-chhn̂g téng-téng
* Chûn-khǹg iōng-kū: pau-koat chheh-kè, bîn-chhn̂g thâu, saⁿ-á-tû, tiān-sī tû-á, se-chng-tâi téng-téng
* Chàu-kha ka-kū: pau-koat tû-á, chian-sî, tiáⁿ-á téng-téng
* Hú-chō͘ ka-kū: pau-koat kha-tián, tē-thán téng-téng
Lūi-pia̍t:Ka-khū
Lūi-pia̍t:Ba̍k-kang
Klaus Hasselmann

**Klaus Ferdinand Hasselmann** () sī Tek-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2021 nî kah Giorgio Parisi, Syukuro Manabe tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Tek-kok jîn-bu̍t
Alain Aspect

**Alain Aspect** () sī Hoat-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 2022 nî kah John Clauser, Anton Zeilinger tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Wolf Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Hoat-kok jîn-bu̍t
Ɨ (ᵻ)

**Ɨ** (sió-siá: **ᵻ**, siâ-thé: *Ɨ, ᵻ*) sī lating jī-bió tsi-it, iû I jī-bió koh ka it-ê san-tsiat suànn jî-sîng.

⟨Ɨ/ᵻ⟩ iōng-lâi piáu-sī pì āu uân-tûn bió-im. Iú-kuan sió-siá tuā-siá Ɨ ê siong-kuan iōng-huat; tshiánn tsham-ua̍t pì āu put uân-tûn bió-im hāng-bo̍k. 

Līng-guā tsi̍t-ê I (bô siōng kù-tiám) (I, ı；dotless I) jī-bió, kīn-sū Azerbaijan-gú jī-bió, Crimean Tatar-gú jī-bió, Gagauz-gú jī-bió, Kazakh-gú jī-bió, Tatar-gú jī-bió kap Türk-gú jī-bió tíng-tíng ê lating bûn-jī tang-tiong sú-iōng ê jī-bió; tsia--ê gú-giân ê bô siōng kù-tiám jī-bió ⟨I/ı⟩ iah kap ⟨Ɨ/ᵻ⟩ kāng-khuán, lóng iōng-teh piáu-sī "pì āu put uân-tûn guân-im" .

## Im-ti̍k
⟨Ɨ/ᵻ⟩ jī-bió ê im-ti̍k it-puann sī iōng-lâi piáu-sī  "pì āu put uân-tûn guân-im" /ɯ/; ài tsù-ì ê tio̍h-sī jī-bió ⟨Ɨ/ᵻ⟩ in-ê tuā-siá kah sió-siá ê jī-bió tíng-kuân pōo-hūn lóng bô tài kù-tiám. Iah koh ū, teh tsi̍t-kuá-á kuan-î Türk gú-giân ê ha̍k-su̍t tù-tsok tang-tiong, /ï/ jī-bió ū-tang-sî-á iōng-teh piáu-sī "pì āu put uân-tûn guân-im" /ɯ/.

## Ián-sing piàn-thé
⟨ɨ̆⟩, sió huâinn-kông, iōng-teh té-im su-siá, tāi-piáu hui-siông té ê "pì tiong-iong put uân-tûn guân-im" (close central unrounded vowel). Té guân-im piáu-sī hui-siông té hi̍k-tsiá kuè té ê guân-im.

Teh Golin-gú tang-tiong, ⟨ɨ̆⟩ iōng-teh hui-siông té ê ko tiong "tshah-im" (epenthesis) im-sòo ê IPA tsuán-lio̍k, kan-na hān-teh (限於) í "hióng-im" (sonorant) kiat-bué ê im-tsiat.

Teh Malayalam-gú tang-tiong, ⟨'്'⟩ sī iōng-lâi piáu-sī ⟨ɨ̆⟩ kok-tsè im-piau (IPA) ê hû-hō.

Ū huâinn-kông ê ⟨i⟩ teh tsiânn-tsē gú-giân pí-lû Cora-gú, Kenyang-gú, Mfumte-gú tíng-tíng gú-giân ê tsìng-jī-huat (orthography) lāi-té iōng ū huâinn-kǹg ê ⟨i⟩ tài-iú tsiam-im hû-hō (tuā-siá jī-bió: Ɨ́, sió-siá jī-bió: ɨ́). Kin-kì gú-giân ê bô kâng, tiōng-im piàn-im hû-hō ē-tàng iōng-lâi tsí-sī tan-jī ê uī-tì, tsú-iàu piau-sī tiōng-im hi̍k-tsiá sing-tiāu (升調) ê hû-hō.

## Kè-sǹg tāi-bé
⟨Ɨ/ᵻ⟩  ē-tàng iōng i-hā ê Unicode jī-hû (lating jī-bió), UTF-8 hām  tíng-tíng tāi-bé lâi piáu-sī:

## Jī-hû pian-bé
⟨Ɨ/ᵻ⟩  mā ē-tàng iōng i-hā ê Unicode  (lating jī-bió) tāi-bé piáu-sī:

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-khó bûn-hiàn

*Pierre-Michel Bertrand, Le Point du I : précis d’érudition pointilleuse, Paris, Imago, 2013, 139 p., 21 cm.  (ISBN 978-2-84952-613-2)
*Gratien Gualbert Atindogbe, Standardization and harmonization of Cameroonian languages, Cape Town, Centre for Advanced Studies of African Society (CASAS), 2003. (ISBN 1-919799-93-1)

## Tsham-ua̍t
*Ɨ (ɨ) (I with bar (lating jī-bió))

## Guā-pōo liân-kiat

* 
*Unicode chart
*Tex Texin, Internationalization for Turkish: Dotted and Dotless Letter "I", accessed 15 Nov 2005
* Langues contenant le symbole choisi
*Unicode chart
*
*Tex Texin, Internationalization for Turkish: Dotted and Dotless Letter "I", accessed 15 Nov 2005.
*special unicodes

Lūi-pia̍t:Goân-im jī-bió
Lūi-pia̍t:Lating jī-bió hù-ka piàn-im hû-hō
Tē 3 tāi Rayleigh Lâm-chiok John William Strutt

**Tē 3 tāi Rayleigh Lâm-chiok John William Strutt** (, ) sī Eng-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1904 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok jîn-bu̍t
Hendrik Lorentz

**Hendrik Antoon Lorentz** () sī Hô-lân ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1902 nî kah Pieter Zeeman tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Hô-lân jîn-bu̍t
Guglielmo Marconi

**Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi** () sī Í-tāi-lī ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1909 nî kah Karl Ferdinand Braun tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Í-tāi-lī jîn-bu̍t
James Franck

**James Franck** () sī Tek-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1925 nî kah Gustav Ludwig Hertz tâng-chê ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Tek-kok jîn-bu̍t
Philipp Lenard

**Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard** (, ) sī Tek-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1905 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Tek-kok jîn-bu̍t
Lūi-pia̍t:Hông-gâ-lī jîn-bu̍t
Albert A. Michelson

**Albert Abraham Michelson** () sī Bí-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1907 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok jîn-bu̍t
Max von Laue

**Max Theodor Felix von Laue** () sī Tek-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1914 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Tek-kok jîn-bu̍t
Manne Siegbahn

**Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn** () sī Sūi-tián ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1924 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Sūi-tián jîn-bu̍t
Charles Édouard Guillaume

**Charles Édouard Guillaume** () sī Sūi-se ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1920 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Sūi-se jîn-bu̍t
Charles Glover Barkla

**Charles Glover Barkla** () sī Eng-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1917 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok jîn-bu̍t
Louis de Broglie

**Tē 7 tāi Broglie Kong-chiok Louis Victor Pierre Raymond** (, ) sī Hoat-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1929 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Hoat-kok jîn-bu̍t
Heinrich Hertz

**Heinrich Rudolf Hertz** () sī Tek-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I hoat-hiān tiān-chû-pho, tùi tiān-chû-ha̍k kòng-hiàn chin toā. Pîn-lu̍t ê tan-ūi Hertz í i ê miâ-jī khí-miâ.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Tek-kok jîn-bu̍t
André-Marie Ampère

**André-Marie Ampère** () sī Hoat-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tùi tiān-chû-ha̍k kòng-hiàn chin toā. Tiān-liû ê tan-ūi Ampere í i ê miâ-jī khí-miâ.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Hoat-kok jîn-bu̍t
Tē 1 tāi Kelvin Lâm-chiok William Thomson

**Tē 1 tāi Kelvin Lâm-chiok William Thomson** (, ) sī Eng-kok ê sò͘-ha̍k-ka kap bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tùi jia̍t-le̍k-ha̍k kòng-hiàn chin toā. Un-tō͘ ê tan-ūi Kelvin í i ê miâ-jī khí-miâ.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok jîn-bu̍t
Ernest Lawrence

**Ernest Orlando Lawrence** () sī Bí-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tī 1939 nî ti̍t tio̍h Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok jîn-bu̍t
Anders Celsius

**Anders Celsius** () sī Sūi-tián ê thian-bûn-ha̍k-ka, sò͘-ha̍k-ka kap bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. Un-tō͘ ê tan-ūi liap-sī (*Celsius*) í i ê miâ-jī khí-miâ.

Lūi-pia̍t:Thian-bûn-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Sūi-tián jîn-bu̍t
Joseph Henry

縮圖|266x266像素|Joseph Henry
**Joseph Henry** () sī Bí-kok ê kho-ha̍k-ka. I tùi tiān-chû-ha̍k kòng-hiàn chin toā. Tiān-kám ê tan-ūi Henry í i ê miâ-jī khí-miâ.

Lūi-pia̍t:kho-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok jîn-bu̍t
Georg Ohm

**Georg Simon Ohm** () sī Tek-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka kap sò͘-ha̍k-ka. I hoat-hiān Ohm tēng-lu̍t. Tiān-chó͘ ê tan-ūi Ohm í i ê miâ-jī khí-miâ.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Tek-kok jîn-bu̍t
Louis Harold Gray

**Louis Harold Gray** () sī Eng-kok ê bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka. I tùi hòng-siā-sòaⁿ seng-bu̍t-ha̍k kòng-hiàn chin toā. hòng-siā-sòaⁿ lêng-liōng khip-siu sòaⁿ-liōng ê tan-ūi Gray í i ê miâ-jī khí-miâ.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok jîn-bu̍t