Illinois

**Illinois** sī Bí-kok ê chi̍t-ê chiu. Siú-hú tī Springfield. Siāng toā ê siâⁿ-chhī sī Chicago.

## Tē-hō-miâ
"Illinois" ê í-goân sī Hoat-kok soan-kàu-sū kap thàm-hiám-ka tùi chāi-tē goân-chū-bîn ê kiò-hoat, chái-kî ū chē khoán siá-hoat. Chìn chi̍t pō͘ ê goân-thâu mā ū chē khoán lí-lūn, kî-tiong khah ha̍p-lí ê sī kóng "Illinois" sī Miami-Illinois gí-giân ê *irenwe·wa*, ì-sū sī "i phó͘-thong hong-sek kóng-ōe." Āu-lâi koh hō͘ Ojibwe gí-gân theh lâi ēng, piàn *ilinwe·*, Hoat-kok-ōe chioh ēng liáu āu, Hoat-gí-hòa ka chiūⁿ *-ois*.

## Tē-lí
Illinois sǹg sī tī Bí-kok ê tiong-se-pō͘. Tang-pêng sī Indiana, lâm-pêng kap Kentucky sio keh Ohio Hô, sai-pêng sī kap Missouri chham Iowa sio keh Mississippi Hô, pak-pêng koh ū Wisconsin.

Tī Illinois ê tang-pak-pêng sī Michigan Ô͘, chúi ê tùi-bīn sī Michigan, lēng-gōa Wisconsin kap Indiana mā óa tī ô͘ piⁿ.

## Le̍k-sú
Bí-kok goân-chū-bîn tī Illinois iû-kî chúi-lō͘ hoat-tián bûn-hòa, ùi Au-chiu-lâng lâi chìn-chêng chio̍h í-kēng chûn-chāi kúi-chheng nî. Tī Koster Ûi-chek (*Koster Site*) ū hoat-hiān iân-sio̍k 7000 nî ê sú-chêng jîn-bîn khiā-khí. Cahokia sī Mississippi bûn-hòa lāi ê kok-ka, só͘-chāi óa kīn kin-á-ji̍t Collinsville. In kiàn-siat liáu to͘-chhī, kî-tiong koh ū chi̍t lia̍p hong hiān-tāi lâng hō chò "Monks Mound" ê kim-jī-thah, sī Mexico í pak siāng tōa ê sú-chêng kiàn-tio̍k. Chóng-sī bûn-bêng tī tāi-iok 15 sè-kí sî siau-sit

Hoat-kok ê thàm-hiám-ka Jacques Marquette kap Louis Jolliet tī 1673 nî thàm-châ liáu Illinois Hô. Kàu 1680 nî ê sî, koh ū Hoat-kok lâng tī kin-á-ji̍t Peoria khí-chō iàu-sài. Canada ê Hoat-kok-lâng hiòng lâm hoat-tián, tī Mississippi Hô tē-khū seng-oa̍h. Kàu 1764 nî, in-ūi Chhit Nî Chiàn-chêng sit-pāi, Hoat-kok kā in só͘ niá ê La Louisiane kau hō͘ Eng-kok khì. 1778 nî, Bí-kok ê thàm-hiám-ka George Rogers Clark chú-tiuⁿ Illinois Kūn (Illinois County) siū Virginia só͘ koán, āu-lâi chia tī 1783 nî hong siat chò Pak-sai Léng-thó͘ (Northwest Territory) ê chit hūn.

1809 nî 2 goe̍h chhe 3, Illinois Léng-thó͘ sêng-li̍p, siú-hú siat ùi Kaskaskia. Keng-kòe kúi chhù ê pian-kài khak-jīn, Illinois tī 1818 nî hong chiap-siū chò Bí-kok tē 21 chiu, 1819 nî chiong siú-hú sóa khì Vandalia, 1837 nî koh sóa Springfield.

1831 nî ê sî, chia-ê goân-chū-bîn hong kiông-chè sóa khí Iowa seng-oa̍h. 1832 nî, Illinois kap hū-kīn ê Wisconsin hoat-seng Black Hawk Chiàn-cheng (Black Hawk War), che sī Bí-kok kap Sauk, Fox koh ū Kickapoo pō͘-cho̍k chi kan ê chhiong-tu̍t.

Bí-kok Lōe-chiàn sî-kî, Illinois hiòng liân-bêng kun-tūi phài goân chhiau-kòe 25 bān, kûi-bô͘ pâi liân-bêng lāi tē-4 miâ.

20 sè-kí chá-kî, chiu lāi jîn-kháu lâi kàu 5 pah-bān. 1933 nî ê sî, Chicago pān liáu bān-kok phok-lám-hōe "Chìn-pō͘ ê Sè-kí" (*Century of Progress*). 1930 nî-tāi, chio̍h-iû ê khai-chhái chin hoat-tián, kàu 1939 nî, Illinois í-keng sī Bí-kok pâi tē-4 ê chio̍h-iû seng-sán chiu. Tē-jī-chhù Sè-kài Tāi-chiàn sî-kî, Illinois seng-sán Bí-kok kun-tūi bú-khì kiam chong-pī ê 6.1%.

1959 nî, Sèng Lawrence Hái-lō͘ (*Saint Lawrence Seaway*) khai-thong liáu-āu, Chicago piàn chò ē-tàng tit-chia̍p hiòng hái-iûⁿ ê káng-kháu.

## Jîn-kháu
Chiàu Bí-kok Phó͘-cha-kio̍k ê ko͘-sǹg, 2016 nî 7 goe̍h chhe 1 Illinois ê jîn-kháu ū 12,801,539. In sī Tiong-se-pō͘ siāng chē lâng ê chiu-hūn. Chiu lāi ê Chicago, sī Bi-kok jîn-kháu pâi tē-3 miâ ê siâⁿ-chhī. Chāi-tē-lâng chheng Chicago to͘-hōe-khu hō-chò sī *Chicagoland*, lāi-bīn tòa liáu kui chiu 65% ê chū-bîn.

### Giân-gí
Illinois ê koan-hong gí-giân sī Eng-gí. Chha-put-to 80% ê jîn-bîn sī Eng-gí ê chāi-lâi sú-iōng-chiá, kî-tha mā chú-iàu sī thong Eng-gí chò tē-jī gí-giân. Chiu lāi chûn-chāi chē khoán Eng-gí khiuⁿ-kháu, pau-koat ū Chicago hū-kīn ê Lōe-tē Pak-hng Bí-kok Eng-gí (*Inland Northern American English*) kap Hui-chiu-hē Bí-kok-lâng Pe̍h-ōe Eng-gí (*African American Vernacular English*); tiong-pō͘ ê Tiong-tē Bí-kok Eng-gí (*Midland American English*); kap lâm-pêng ê Lâm-hng Bí-kok Eng-gí (*Southern American English*) téng khoán.

## Keng-chè
Illinois tī 2014 nî ê GDP sī 745,875 pa̍h-bān bí-kim. Chiàu 2015 nî ê chu-liāu, pún chiu siāng-chē lâng chò ê sán-gia̍p sī kiān-khong chiàu-kò͘ kap siā-hōe hû-chō͘ (*health care and social assistance*).

Pún chiu chú-iàu ê lông-sán ū hoan-be̍h, n̂g-tāu, chhī-ti, chhī-gû, lêng-sán-phín kap sió-be̍h. Illinois tiāⁿ sī Bí-kok koh chiu thâu nn̄g miâ ê nn̂g-tāu seng-sán-tē, chiàu 2015 nî ê chu-liāu, kui tang ê sán-liōng ū 14.8 pa̍h-bān tòng.

## Chham-khó