open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Northamptonshire

**Northamptonshire** sī Eng-tē chi̍t-ê lāi-lio̍k kūn (*county*), jîn-kháu ū 629,676, sì-chiu-ûi ū Warwickshire, Leicestershire, Rutland, Cambridgeshire, Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire, kap Lincolnshire. Kūn-hú tī Northampton.

Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân
Suffolk

**Suffolk** sī Eng-tē tang-pō͘ chi̍t-ê khò hái ê kūn (*county*), jîn-khàu ū 71 bān, hú-siâⁿ sī Ipswich. Chham chit-ê kūn sio-chiap ê kūn ū Norfolk, Cambridgeshire, kap Essex.

Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân ê kūn
Somerset

**Somerset** sī Eng-tē se-lâm-pō͘ chi̍t-ê khò hái ê kūn (*county*), jîn-khàu ū 91 bān, hú-siâⁿ sī Taunton. Chit-ê kūn kap Bristol Hái-kiap sio-oá.


Somerset-22-Zeals-Landhaus mit Reetdach-2004-gje.jpg|Zeals
Glastonbury-36-Tor-2004-gje.jpg|Glastonbury Tor
Glastonbury Abbey-10-2004-gje.jpg|Glastonbury Abbey
Glastonbury-06-Laden-2004-gje.jpg|Glastonbury
Montacute House-08-2004-gje.jpg|Montacute House
Taunton-06-Blorenge House-2004-gje.jpg|Taunton
Wells-16-Vicar's Close-Turm der Kathedrale-1989-gje.jpg|Wells
Wells-Kathedrale-10-Seitenschiff-2004-gje.jpg|Wells


Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân ê kūn
Bristol Hái-kiap

**Bristol Hái-kiap** (Eng-gí: *Bristol Channel*) tī Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok ê Cymru kap Eng-tē chi kan, pak-pêng sī Cymru ê lâm-pō͘, lâm-pêng sī Eng-tē ê Devon kap Somerset; hiòng se sī Tāi-se-iûⁿ, hiòng tang sī Severn Hô ê chhut-kháu.
Iâm (hòa-ha̍k)

Tī hoà-ha̍k lāi-bīn, **iâm** ia̍h-sī **iâm-lūi**, sī sng kap iâm-ki keng-koè tiong-hô hoán-èng sán-seng ê lî-chú hoà-ha̍p-bu̍t. In-ūi mā-sī im-lî-chú kap iông-lî-chú ê hoà-ha̍p-bu̍t, iâm sī toà tiong-sèng tiān. 

It-poaⁿ lâng teh chia̍h ê iâm, sī lio̍k-hoà-la̍p (NaCl) kap kî-tha bu̍t-chit ê cho͘-ha̍p.

Lūi-pia̍t:Hòa-ha̍k
Sng

**Sng** (soan) sī chi̍t khoán hoà-ha̍p-bu̍t, chia ê hoà-ha̍p-bu̍t nā iông-kái tī chúi lāi-bīn, ē sáng-seng pí sûn-chúi kha koân ê chúi-sò͘ lî-chú oa̍h-liōng, ia̍h tio̍h sī pí 7.0 kha sè ê pH. Sng tī hoà-ha̍k-siōng ê tēng-gī chú-iàu ū Brønsted-Lowry, Arrhenius, kap Lewis saⁿ khoán.

## Tsham-khó bûn-hiàn

* Listing of strengths of common acids and bases
* 
* 

## Siong-koan
* Iâm (hòa-ha̍k)
* Iâm-ki
* Kiⁿ

## Guā-pōo liân-kiat
* Curtipot: Acid–Base equilibria diagrams, pH calculation and titration curves simulation and analysis – freeware

Lūi-pia̍t:Hòa-ha̍k
Matteo Ricci

**Matteo Ricci** (1552 nî 10 goe̍h 6 ji̍t - 1610 nî 5 goe̍h 11 ji̍t), Hàn-miâ **Lī Má-tō͘** (利玛窦 / 利瑪竇), sī Italia ê Iâ-so͘-hōe sîn-hū. I tī Tiong-kok oa̍h-tāng, tû-liáu soan-kàu, mā ha̍k-si̍p Tiong-kok ê tì-sek, koh kā se-iûⁿ ê kho-ha̍k kap ki-su̍t thoân kàu Tiong-kok.

Lūi-pia̍t:Í-tāi-lī jîn-bu̍t
William Caxton

**William Caxton** (iok 1422 nî ~ 1492 nî) sī Eng-tē ê seng-lí-lâng kap ìn-soat-ka, i sī thâu-chi̍t-ê Eng-kok ìn-soat-ka, mā-sī kā ìn-soat-ki thoân-ji̍p Eng-tē ê tē-it lâng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân jîn-bu̍t
Alanin

**Alanine** (siok-siá: **Ala** / **A**), sī chi̍t chióng an-ki-sng, R group bô ke̍k-sèng, toà tiong-sèng tiān. Jîn-thé ê-tàng ka-tī ha̍p-sêng chit khoán an-ki-sng.
Tùi-sò͘

Chi̍t-ê sò͘ ēng chi̍t-ê té-sò͘ sǹg chhut ê **tùi-sò͘**, sī beh kā chit-ê té-sò͘ piàn hit-ê sò͘ só͘ pit-su ài ēng ê chí-sò͘, ia̍h-tio̍h sī ài chò ê sêng-hong. 

Chhan-chhiūⁿ 1000 ēng 10 chò té-sò͘ sǹg chhut ê tùi-sò͘ sī 3, in-ūi 10 ài sêng ka-tī 3 pái khah ê piàn 1000. Nā ēng sò͘-ha̍k hû-hō ê hong-sek lâi piáu-sī, tio̍h-sī log101000 = 3, in-ūi 103 = 1000.

Èng-iōng kàu kî-thaⁿ ê sò͘, ē-sái piáu-sī chò:

: \log_b(x) = y. \,

Ìn-sù sī sò͘ x ēng té-sò͘ b sǹg chhut ê tùi-sò͘ sī y.
An-ki-sng

**An-ki-sng** (Eng-gí: *amino acid*) sī chi̍t lūi hun-chú, ū an-ki kap carboxylic-sng-ki; bô kâng ê an-ki-sng koh ū bô kâng ê chhek-liān (''side chain).

## Siong-koan
* Nn̄g-pe̍h-chit an-ki-sng

Lūi-pia̍t:Seng-hòa-ha̍k
Arginin

**Arginine** (siok-siá: **Arg** / **R**), sī chi̍t chióng an-ki-sng, R group ū ke̍k-sèng, toà chiàⁿ tiān.
Asparagin

**Asparagine** (siok-siá: **Asn** / **N**), sī chi̍t chióng an-ki-sng, R group ū ke̍k-sèng, toà tiong-sèng tiān. Jîn-thé ê-tàng ka-tī ha̍p-sêng chi̍t khoán an-ki-sng.
Glutamin-sng

**Glutamic sng** (siok-siá: **Glu** / **E**), mā tiāⁿ ēng carboxyl im-lî-chú ê hêng-sek **glutamate** lâi piáu-sī , sī chi̍t chióng an-ki-sng, R group ū ke̍k-sèng, toà hū tiān. Jîn-thé ê-tàng ka-tī ha̍p-sêng chit khoán an-ki-sng.
Cystein

**Cysteine** (siok-siá: **Cys** / **C**), sī chi̍t chióng an-ki-sng, R group bô ke̍k-sèng, toà tiong-sèng tiān.
Histidin

**Histidine** (siok-siá: **His** / **H**), sī chi̍t chióng an-ki-sng, R group ū ke̍k-sèng, toà tiong-sèng tiān. Jîn-thé bô-hoat-tō ka-tī ha̍p-sêng chit khoán an-ki-sng.
Tryptophan

**Tryptophan** (siok-siá: **Trp** / **W**), sī chi̍t chióng an-ki-sng, R group bô ke̍k-sèng, toà tiong-sèng tiān.
Hugo Chávez

**Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías** () sī Venezuela ê chèng-tī-ka, i tùi 1999 nî 2 goe̍h 2 ji̍t khai-sí chò hit-kok ê chóng-thóng. I mā sī siā-hoē ūn-tōng Bolívar Kek-bēng ê léng-tō-chiá.

Lūi-pia̍t:Venezuela Chóng-thóng
Thomas More

**Thomas More** (1478 nî 2 goe̍h 7 ji̍t - 1535 nî 7 goe̍h 6 ji̍t) sī Eng-tē ê ha̍k-chiá kap chèng-tī-ka, mā sī Thian-chú-kàu kàu-hoē jīn-tēng ê sèng-jîn. Thomas More tī 1516 nî chhut-pán *[[Utopia]]*, kài-siāu chi̍t-ê khong-sióng ê kok-ka kap hia ê chèng-tī thé-chè. I tī 1535 nî in-ūi hoán-tùi Henry 8-sè chò Eng-tē Kàu-hoē ê thâu-lâng khì hō͘ chhú-sí.

Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân jîn-bu̍t
Simone de Beauvoir

**Simone de Beauvoir** () sī Hoat-kok ê chok-ka. I sī chi̍t-ê chûn-chāi-chú-gī tiat-ha̍k-ka, mā-sī lú-sèng-chú-gī-chiá.

## Chhut-miâ tù-chok
*Tē 2 Sèng (Le Deuxième Sexe, 1949)
Kok-chè Hū-lú-cheh

**Kok-chè Hū-lú-cheh** tī ta̍k nî ê 3 goe̍h 8 ji̍t, sī ūi-tio̍h khèng-chiok lú-sèng tī keng-chè, chèng-tī kap siā-hōe kok hong-bīn ê sêng-chiù, tī sè-kài chin choē kok-ka sī chèng-hú kong-tēng ê cheh-ji̍t.
Tân Chìn

**Tân Chìn** (陳進, ), phian-miâ **Tân Chín-khok** (陳進子), chhut-sì sī taⁿ Sin-tek-chhī Hiong-san-khu Gû-po͘-chng, sī Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi kap chiàn-āu Tâi-oân ū-miâ ê ōe-ka, iā-sī Tâi-oân lú-chú o̍h ōe-tô͘ ê tē-it0lâng. In-ūi chhut-sin tī sū-sin sè-ka, só͘-í hō͘ āu-sè ī-ûi "Kui-siù ōe-ka ê tāi-piáu-sèng`jîn-bu̍t".

## Seng-peng
Se-goân 1922 nî chìn-ji̍p Tâi-pak Chiu-li̍p Tē 3 Kó-téng Lú-ha̍k-hāu (Taⁿ Tâi-pak-chhī-li̍p Tiong-san Lú-chú Ko-kip-tiong-o̍h), chiap-siū bí-su̍t kàu-su Gôbara ti ūi-tô͘ siōng ê khé-bông. Ko-lú pit-gia̍p liáu-āu khó-tio̍h Tang-kiaⁿ ê lú-chú bí-su̍t-ha̍k-hāu Ji̍t-pún ōe-su su-hoān-kho..1927 nî ji̍p-soán Tâi-oân Bí-su̍t Tián-lám-hōe Tang-iûⁿ ōe-pō͘, kap Lîm Gio̍k-san, Koeh Soat-ô͘ nn̄g-ūi Tâi-oân ōe-ka ha̍p-chheng "Tâi, tián Saⁿ siàu-liân". 1934 nî, í tōa-chí Tân Sin chò mô͘-teh-lù só͘ ōe--ê *Ha̍p-chàu* ji̍p-soán Ji̍t-pún tē 15 hôe Tè-kok Bí-su̍t Tián-lám-hōe (Kán-chheng "Tè-tián), chiâⁿ-chò tē-it-ūi ji̍p-soán Tè-tián ê Tâi-oân lú-ōe-ka. 1934 nî kàu 1937 nî jīm-kàu tī Pîn-tong Ko-lú (Taⁿ ê Kok-li̍p Pîn-tong Lú-chú Ko-kip-tiong-o̍h).

## Ū-miâ ê Chok-phín
[右|縮圖|230x230像素|''Soaⁿ-tē-mn̂g-siā chi Lú'' ( tián-chông, ji̍p-soán [Chiau-hô 11 nî (1936 nî) Bûn-pō͘-séng Bí-su̍t Tián-lám-hōe)]]

### Ji̍t-pún Sì-tāi

* *Chu* (1927), *Eng-sek* (1927) kap *Tiâu* (1927) ji̍p-soán Tâi-oân Bí-su̍t Tián-lám-hōe.
* *Hông-hun Têng-īⁿ* (1929), *Chi-lân chi Phang* (1932), *Thú Koa* (1932)
* *Ha̍p-chàu* （1934）ji̍p-soán Tè-kok Bí-su̍t Tián-lám-hōe, chiâⁿ-chò tē-it-ūi ji̍p-soán ê Tâi-oân lú-ōe-ka.
* *Chheng-êng* (1935), *Ōe-chng* (1935)
* *Soaⁿ-tē-mn̂g-siā chi Lú* (1936) ji̍p-soán Bûn-pō͘-séng bí-su̍t Tián-lám-hōe.

### Chiàn-āu Tâi-oân

* *Hū-lú tô͘* (1945), *Theh Hoe ê Siàu-lú* (1947), *Ta-po͘ Gín-á* (1954), *tōng-pâng* (1955)
* *Bán Kó* (1961), *Su* (1965), *Chhun-chhiu-koh* (1965), *Sek-ka-pu̍t Tàn-seng* (1965－1967), *Sek-chun Iù-nî ê Sî* (1965－1967)
* *Kok Hiong* (1971), *Ông-chiá Hiong* (1971), *Ge̍h-hā Bí-jîn* (1971), *Hōng-sian-hoe* (1973)
* *Sèng An-tong-nî Iû-hô* (1980), *Bú-ài* (1984)

* 2016 nî Tiān-sī-kio̍k *Chí-sek Tōa-tiū-tiâⁿ*, iû Tiuⁿ Chēng-chi pān-ián.

## Chham-kiàn

* Koeh Soat-ô͘
* Lîm Gio̍k-san
* Tâi-oân Bí-su̍t Tián-lám-hōe
* Tè-kok Bí-su̍t Tián-lám-hōe
* Se̍k Tiong-eng
* Tiuⁿ Lí Tek-hô
* Chhòa A-sìn

## Chham-khó Bûn-hiàn

## Gōa-pō͘ Liân-kiat

* Tâi-oân Lú-jîn--Tân Chìn 
* Tân Chìn Ōe-chok Khòaⁿ-kìⁿ Liû-hêng 1930 - Kok-li̍p Tâi-oân Le̍k-sú Phok-bu̍t-koán 
* Tân Chìn﹝1907 ~ 1998﹞ - Sī-kak Sò͘-ióng Ha̍k-sip-bāng 
* Su-thó͘-su-bîn--Tâi-oân ê Kò͘-sū---Tân Chìn 

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân tē-it
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê ōe-ka
Ch
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân Bí-su̍t Tián-lám-hōe ji̍p-soán-chiá
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân Bí-su̍t Tián-lám-hōe bû-kàm-cha
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân Bí-su̍t Tián-lám-hōe sím-cha-oân
Hồ Xuân Hương

**Ô͘ Chhun-hiong** (胡春香; *Hồ Xuân Hương*; 1772 nî - 1822 nî) sī Oa̍t-lâm ê si-jîn, tī Oat-lâm ê Lê-tiâu sî-tāi chhut-sì, ùi Gún-tiâu sî-tāi koè-sin. I ài ēng Chữ Nôm (Hàn-jī-sek ê Oa̍t-lâm-jī) lâi chhòng-chok, sī Oa̍t-lâm le̍k-sú siōng miâ-siaⁿ siāng koân ê bûn-ha̍k-ka chi it.
Oa̍t-lâm Kiōng-sán Tóng

**Oa̍t-lâm Kiōng-sán Tóng** (Oa̍t-lâm-gí: *Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam*) sī Oa̍t-lâm ûi-it ê ha̍p-hoat chèng-tóng, tī 1932 nî 2 goe̍h tī Hiong-káng chhòng-li̍p. Tùi 2011 nî kàu taⁿ ê léng-tō-chiá sī chóng su-kì Nguyễn Phú Trọng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Oa̍t-lâm ê chèng-tī
Lūi-pia̍t:Kiōng-sán Tóng
Ronald Fisher

Sir **Ronald Aylmer Fisher**, FRS (1890 nî 2 goe̍h 17 ji̍t - 1962 nî 7 goe̍h 29 ji̍t) sī Eng-lân ê thóng-kè-ha̍k-ka kiam seng-bu̍t-ha̍k-ka, i sī hiān-tāi thóng-kè-ha̍k ê khai-ki-chiá chi it.

## Chhut-sin
Ronald Fisher sī 1890 nî 2 goe̍h 17 chhut-sì--ê. I ū giâm-tiōng ê kīn-sī, siàu-liân-sî tha̍k Harrow Ha̍k-hāu (*Harrow School*) hit chūn, tiō hoat-tián chhut bô su-iàu chóa-pit lâi kái-koat sò͘-ha̍k būn-tê ê lêng-le̍k. 1909 nî, Fisher ji̍p Cambridge Tāi-ha̍k. Darwin ê lí-lūn tī hit chūn iáu bô siū tōa-hūn chiap-siū, chóng-sī Fisher oân-nā siū tio̍h chit-lō ha̍k-soat ê éng-hióng. Nā tông-sī tng hông têng-sin gián-kiù ê Mendel ûi-thoân-ha̍k, tùi Fisher ê éng-hióng sī koh khah chhim. Chit phài ê ha̍k-chiá chi it William Bateson tiō ùi Cambridge. M̄-nā gián-kiù ûi-thoân, Fisher mā tòe Karl Pearson o̍h thóng-kè-ha̍k.

## Gián-kiù
Fisher ti 1927 nî ê thóng-kè-ha̍k tì-chok *Gián-kiù Kang-chok-chiá ê Thóng-kè Hong-hoat* (*Statistical Methods for Research Workers*) sī kho-ha̍k gián-kiù hong-hoat le̍k-sú siōng tiōng-iàu ê chok-phín, hit chūn i sòa pìⁿ chò sī thóng-kè-ha̍k ê sian-chìn.

## Chham-chiàu
Alexandra Michajlovna Kollontaj

**Alexandra Michajlovna Kollontaj** (*Алекса́ндра Миха́йловна Коллонта́й*, 1872 nî 3 goe̍h 31 ji̍t - 1952 nî 3 goe̍h 9 ji̍t) sī Lō͘-se-a ê kiōng-sán-chú-gī kek-bēng-ka, bat sī Menshevik-phài, 1914 nî liáu-āu pián Bolshevik-phài. I koh tī 1923 nî hō͘ phài chò So͘-liân tī Lo̍k-ui-kok ê tāi-sài.
Lev Trockij

**Lev Davidovič Trockij** (*Лев Давидович Троцкий*, 1879 nî 11 goe̍h 7 ji̍t - 1940 nî 8 goe̍h 21 ji̍t), goân miâ **Lev Davidovič Bronštejn** (*Лев Давидович Бронштéйн*), sī Lō͘-se-a ê kiōng-sán-chú-gī kek-bēng-ka kap lí-lūn-ka. I sī Bolshevik ê sêng-goân, mā-sī Cha̍p-goe̍h Kek-bēng ê léng-tō-chiá, kap So͘-liân Âng Kun ê chi-hui. I āu-boé kap Iosif Stalin tàu-cheng si̍t-pāi, hō͘ koán chhut So͘-liân, chhòng-kiàn liáu Tē-sì Kok-chè.
Avatar

***Avatar*** (Pe̍h-oē-jī: ***A-hōan-ta̍t***, Hàn-jī: 阿凡達)  sī 2009 nî ê kho-ha̍k siáu-soat tiān-iáⁿ. Kò͘-sū chok-chiá kap tō-ián sī James Cameron. Ū thoân-thóng pêng-bīn (2-D) kap li̍p-thé (3-D) 2 chióng pán-pún. *Avatar* ê phiò-pâng (box office) chhiau-koè 1997 nî ê *[[Titanic (tiān-iáⁿ)|Titanic]]* só͘ hoāⁿ ê kì-lo̍k.

## Kio̍k-chêng
Tī 2154 nî jîn-lūi khai-sí tiàm Alpha Centauri chheⁿ-hē ê 1 lia̍p oē-chheⁿ (hō chò Pandora) ó͘-khòng. Ūi beh hām goân-chū-bîn Na'vi ko͘-thong, jîn-lūi chè-chō ū Na'vi ki-in ê seng-bu̍t-thé (hō chò *avatar*) lâi iâu-khòng.
O͘-àm Sî-tāi

**O͘-àm Sî-tāi** sī Au-chiu tī Lô-má Tè-kok bia̍t-bông kàu Bûn-gē-ho̍k-heng tiong-ng chit toāⁿ sî-kî.

## Siong-koan ê bûn-chiong
* Tiong Sè-kí

Lūi-pia̍t:Au-chiu ê le̍k-sú
Sè-pau seng-bu̍t-ha̍k

**Sè-pau seng-bu̍t-ha̍k** (Eng-gí: *cell biology*) he̍k-chiá kiò **sè-pau-ha̍k** (*cytology*) sī seng-bu̍t-ha̍k ê chi̍t mn̂g ki-pún ha̍k-būn, Choan-bûn tùi sè-pau ê seng-lí sèng-chit, kò͘-chō kap seng-oa̍h tèng-tèng chò ián-kiù.
Tang-káng-tìn

**Tang-káng-tìn** (東港鎮) tī Tâi-oân ê Pîn-tong-koān, ū hî-káng, mā sī Tang-káng-khe chhut-kháu ê só͘-chāi.
So͘ Khèng-lê

**So͘ Khèng-lê** (蘇慶黎, ) sī Tâi-oân Tâi-pak chhut-sì ê chèng-tī kap siā-hoē ūn-tōng-chiá. I tī 1947 nî 228 Sū-kiāⁿ hoat-seng ê sî-chūn bat kap chhù-lāi-lâng cháu-siám Tiong-kok Siōng-hái, āu-lâi koh tńg Tâi-oân, bat chò koè *[[Bí-lē-tó Cha̍p-chì]]* ê pian-chip. 

I tī 2004 nî 10 goe̍h 19 ji̍t tī Tiong-kok Pak-kiaⁿ koè-sin.
Lîm Gī-hiông

**Lîm Gī-hiông** (林義雄, ), Tâi-oân Gî-lân-koān Gō͘-kiat-hiong-lâng, bat chham-ka Bîn-chìn-tóng, chò koè tóng-chú-se̍k.

## Chham-khó chu-liāu
Niau-hîm

**Niau-hîm**, he̍k-chiá **hîm-niau**, **toā hîm-niau**, ha̍k-miâ ***Ailuropoda melanoleuca***, sī hîm-kho ê 1 lūi, seng-oa̍h tī Tiong-kok.

## Chham-khó chu-liāu
Brittany Murphy

**Brittany Murphy** () sī Bí-kok ê ián-goân kap koa-chhiú. I ián koè ê tiān-iáⁿ ū *The Dead Girl* kap *The Ramen Girl* téng-téng.
Francesco Totti

**Francesco Totti** (1976 nî 9 goe̍h 27 chhut-sì tī Lô-má) sī Italia ê kha-kiû soán-chhiú. I chit-má sī Serie A ê Roma ê kiû-oân.

Lūi-pia̍t:Kha-kiû soán-chhiú
Lūi-pia̍t:Í-tāi-lī ūn-tōng soán-chhiú
Sió-nâ-lí

**Sió-nâ-chhoan** (小林村) sī goân Tâi-oân Ko-hiông-koān Kah-sian-hiong lāi-bīn ê chi̍t-ê chhoan, lî Kah-sian chhī-khu tāi-iok 10 kong-lí, chhoan-bîn toā-pō͘-hūn ū pêⁿ-po͘-cho̍k ê hiat-thóng.

2010 nî hêng-chèng-khu tiâu-chéng liáu-āu, hêng-chèng tan-ūi tùi chhoan kái chò lí, chiâⁿ chò Ko-hiông-chhī Kah-sian-khu Sió-nâ-lí.

## Siang-koan ê bûn-chiuⁿ
* 2009 nî Morakot Hong-thai
Siau Bí-khîm

**Siau Bí-khîm** (蕭美琴, ) sī Tâi-oân ê chèng-tī jîn-bu̍t, ū chò koè li̍p-hoat úi-goân kap Chū-iû Kok-chè (*Liberal International*) ê hù chú-se̍k. 2024 nî kah Lōa Chheng-tek chham-ka Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok tē 16 jīm chóng-thóng hù-chóng-thóng soán-kí, tòng-soán hù-chóng-thóng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Tiong-hoâ Bîn-kok hù-chóng-thóng
Lewis Carroll

thumb|Lewis Carroll

**Lewis Carroll** sī **Charles Lutwidge Dodgson** () ê pit-miâ. I sī chi̍t-ê Eng-kok chok-ka, sò͘-ha̍k-ka kap liap-iáⁿ-su. *[[Alice Bāng-iû Sian-kéng]]* (*Alice's Adventures in Wonderland*) sī i ê tāi-piáu-chok chi it.

Lūi-pia̍t:Chok-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân jîn-bu̍t
Chò-phōaⁿ tōng-bu̍t

thumb|Chò-phōaⁿ tōng-bu̍t
**Chò-phōaⁿ tōng-bu̍t** sī chhī beh chò-phōaⁿ, him-sióng, ia̍h sī kò͘-chhù ê tōng-bu̍t. Khah phó͘-thong ū káu-á, niau-á, hî-á, chiáu-á, kap thò͘-á téng-téng. Mā ū lâng chhī it-poaⁿ chò ka-thiok ê tōng-bu̍t, chhin-chhiūⁿ ti-á, ke-á chò-phōaⁿ, nā pâ-thiông-lūi kap khun-thiông mā ū chi̍t koá-á. Lâng ūi tio̍h chhù-bī ia̍h lō͘-iōng, í-keng kā chin chē khoán ê tōng-bu̍t poê-ióng chhut kok chióng bô-kâng ê phín-chéng.

## Kóng-hoat
Ū chi̍t jī **thióng-bu̍t** lâi chheng chit khoán tōng-bu̍t, m̄-koh Hō-ló-ōe si̍t-chè seng-oa̍h chin hán--tit teh ēng, lóng sī kaⁿ-taⁿ kóng "tōng-bu̍t" khah chē.

Pún kài-liām tī Eng-gí sī *pet*, sī tùi Scot-lân kap Pak Eng-lân thoân ji̍p, khí-goân bô chheng-chó, chóng-sī chá-sî ū ì-sù "lo̍h-sèng ê tōng-bu̍t".

## Chham-khó

## Siong-koan ê bûn-chiong
* Ka-thiok
* Chò-kang tōng-bu̍t
* Ka-chhī tōng-bu̍t
Alexander McQueen

**Lee Alexander McQueen**, CBE (1969 nî 3 goe̍h 17 ji̍t – 2010 nî 2 goe̍h 11 ji̍t) sī Eng-kok ê sî-siōng siat-kè-su. I ê sî-chong piáu-ián te̍k-pia̍t ū hì-ke̍k-sèng.

## Chham-khó
*
Volkswagen

**Volkswagen** sī Tek-kok chhut-sin ê chū-tōng-chhia chè-chō kong-si, 1937 nî chhòng-li̍p. Kong-si hō-miâ ê ì-sù sī "kok-bîn-chhia."
Ko Hêng-kiān

**Ko Hêng-kiān** (高行健, ) sī chi̍t ê kio̍k-chok-ka, siáu-soat-ka.

Ko Hêng-kiān tī Tiong-kok chhut-sì. 1980 nî-tāi khì Au-chiu. 1997 nî the̍h-tioh Hoat-kok kong-bîn sin-hūn. 2000 nî tit-tio̍h Nobel Bûn-ha̍k Chióng, in-ūi "Kî chok-phín ê phóu-phiàn kè-ta̍t, chhim-khek ê tōng-chhat-le̍k kah gí-giân ê hong-hù ki-khiàu, ûi Tiong-bûn siáu-soat kah gē-su̍t hì-kio̍k khai-pi̍t chi̍t-tiâu sin-lō͘."

Lūi-pia̍t:Chok-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bûn-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Lūi-pia̍t:Ko--sī
Má Chì-hông

**Má Chì-hông** (馬志鴻, ) sī Tâi-oân ê luge ūn-tōng-goân. I sī 2010 nî Tang-kuì Olympia Ūn-tōng-hoē lāi-bīn uî-it ê Tiong-hoâ Tâi-pak soán-chhiú.
Misima Yukio

**Misima Yukio** (三島 由紀夫; ) sī Ji̍t-pún chok-ka. Pún-miâ **Hiraoka Kimitake** (平岡 公威), Misima Yukio sī i ê pit-miâ. Chāi Tang-kiaⁿ chhut-siⁿ. Tī tong-tē tha̍k-chu. I tē-it-pō͘ tiōng-iàu chok-phín sī *Siáu-kúi-bīn ê kò-pe̍k* (仮面の告白, 1949 nî). I ê sì-pō͘-khek *Jiâu-jū chi hái* (豊饒の海, 1965 nî–1970 nî) kì-lo̍k Ji̍t-pún 20 sè-kí ê seng-o̍ah kah sū-kiāⁿ. I him-sióng Ji̍t-pún bú-sū-tō ê thôan-thóng, ka-kī mā-sī bú-gē ko-chhiú. 1968 nî chhòng-siat Tún-chi-hōe, ho̍k-heng bú-sū-tō cheng-sîn. Āu-lâi tī 1970 nî chhiat-pak-chū-sat.
Orhan Pamuk

**Orhan Pamuk**() sī Thó͘-ní-kî siáu-soat-ka.

I chāi İstanbul chhut-sì, tha̍k-kòe kiàn-tio̍k kah sin-bûn. 1985 nî kàu 1988 nî kàu New York seng-o̍ah 3 nî. 2006 nî tit-tio̍h Nobel Bûn-ha̍k Chióng. I sī thâu-chi̍t-ūi tit-tio̍h Nobel Bûn-ha̍k Chióng ê Thó͘-ní-kî-lâng. Gôan-in sī "I chāi cháu-chhōe kò͘-hiong ê iu-chhiû lêng-hûn sî, hoat-hiān bûn-hòa chhiong-tu̍t kah iông-ha̍p ê sin piáu-teng."

## Tāi-piáu-chok
* *Pe̍h-sek siâⁿ-pó* (*Beyaz Kale*)
* *O͘-sek-chi-chu* (*Kara Kitap*)
* *Sin-jîn-seng* (*Yeni Hayat*)
* *Góa-sī-âng* (*Benim Adım Kırmızı*)
* *Seh* (*Kar*)
* *İstanbul: Siâⁿ-chhī ê kì-tî* (*İstanbul: Hatıralar ve Şehir*)

Lūi-pia̍t:Thó͘-ní-kî jîn-bu̍t
Lūi-pia̍t:Chok-ka
Lūi-pia̍t:Bûn-ha̍k Nobel tit-chióng-jîn
Tâi-pak Tè-kok Tāi-ha̍k

**Tâi-pak Tè-kok Tāi-ha̍k** (臺北帝國大學), he̍k-chiá **Tâi-pak Tè-tāi** (臺北帝大), tī 1928 nî 3 goe̍h 16 hō sî siat-li̍p, sī chi̍t keng ūi-tī Tâi-oân Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi Tâi-pak-chiu Tâi-pak-chhī Hù-tiân-teng ê Tāi Ji̍t-pún Tè-kok ê kok-li̍p tāi-ha̍k. I sī taⁿ Kok-li̍p Tâi-oân Tāi-ha̍k kap Kok-li̍p Tiong-heng Tāi-ha̍k (Lông-lîm Choan-bûn-pō͘) ê chiân-sin.

## Siong-koan
*Tè-kok Tāi-ha̍k
House, M.D.

***House, M.D.*** sī ùi 2004 nî khai-sí poaⁿ ê 1 chhut i-liâu tiān-sī iáⁿ-chi̍p. Āu-piah ê chhòng-chok jîn-bu̍t sī David Shore kap Paul Attanasio 2 lâng. Iáⁿ-chi̍p ê miâ chí chú-kak Gregory House, sī 1 ê m̄ chiàu-pō͘ lâi ê i-ha̍k thian-châi. I chhoā 1 tīn siàu-liân i-seng chò i-liâu thàm-chin, tī chín-toān kap tī-liâu ê koè-têng tiong, put-sî hām thâu-ke, tông-sū, kap kui-ê i-liâu seng-thài chhiong-tu̍t.

*House, M.D.* tī Tâi-oân hō chò ***Koài-i Hâu-su***, pò-chhut tiān-tâi sī Kong-kiōng Tiān-sī.

## Goā-pō͘ liân-kiat
* Kong-kiōng Tiān-sī
Messier thian-thé

**Messier thian-thé** sī 18 sè-kí Hoat-kok Thian-bûn-ha̍k-ka Charles Messier pian ê *[[Seng-hûn]] [[chhiⁿ-thôan]] piáu* tong-tiong ê pah-gōa-ê thian-thé.
Chheⁿ-thoân

**Chheⁿ-thoân** (星團), he̍k-chiá tha̍k **chhiⁿ-thoân**, sī chi̍t-kóa iû tāng-le̍k só͘ khiú chò-hóe ê chheⁿ. Sò͘-liōng it-poaⁿ lóng chhiau-koè 10 lia̍p, ū-ê ū kàu pah-bān gōa lia̍p.

Nā-sī kúi cha̍p lia̍p kàu kúi chheng lia̍p ê kiò-chò sòaⁿ-khui chheⁿ-thoân. Sòaⁿ-khui chheⁿ-thoân chú-iàu tī gîn-hô-bīn. Kúi bān lia̍p kàu kúi pah-bān lia̍p ê chheⁿ-thoân sī kiû-chōng chheⁿ-thoân, hun-pò͘ tī pôaⁿ-bīn gōa.

## Siong-koan bûn-chiuⁿ
* Gîn-hô-hē
Sikoku

) sī Ji̍t-pún pún-thó͘ 4 ê tó lāi-té siōng sió ê. Tī Honsyû sai-lâm-pō͘ ê lâm-hong, Kyûsyû ê tang-pak-hong.

Hiān-chú-sî Sikoku ê hêng-chèng-khu hun-chòe Tokusima-koān, Kagawa-koān, Ehime-koān kah Kôti-koān.

## Siong-koan
*Ji̍t-pún ê tē-lí khu-he̍k
2014 nî Tang-kùi Olympic Ūn-tōng-hoē

**2014 nî Tang-kùi Olympic Ūn-tōng-hoē** (XXII Olympic Winter Games) sī tiàm-tī Lō͘-se-a Sochi kí-pān ê tē 22 hoê Tang-kùi Olympic Ūn-tōng-hoē, tī 2014 nî 2 goe̍h 7 ji̍t kàu 2 goe̍h 23 ji̍t chit toāⁿ sî-kan pí-sài.
Honsyû

sī Ji̍t-pún siōng tōa ê tó. Sai-pêng sī Ji̍t-pún-hái, tang-pêng sī Thài-pêng-iûⁿ. Pak-pêng sī Hokkaidô, lâm-pêng sī Sikoku kah Kyûsyû. Tn̂g chha-put-to 1290km, khoah 48-240km, bīn-chek 230897km², sī chôan Ji̍t-pún ê 60%. Tiong-pō͘ ū soaⁿ, siōng kôan ê Huzi soaⁿ 3776m. Jîn-kháu kah tōa-siaⁿ-chhī tāi-pō͘-hūn tòa-tī iân-hái ê pêng-gôan tē-khu.

Honsyû ê hêng-chèng-khu hun-chòe:
* Kantô tē-hng: Ibaraki-koān, Totigi-koān, Gunma-koān, Saitama-koān, Tiba-koān, Tang-kiaⁿ-to͘, Kanagawa-koān
* Tôhoku tē-hng
* Tyûbu tē-hng: Niigata-koān, Toyama-koān, Isikawa-koān, Hukui-koān, Yamanasi-koān, Nagano-koān, Gihu-koān, Sizuoka-koān, Aiti-koān
* Kinki tē-hng: Mie-koān, Siga-koān, Kiaⁿ-to͘-hú, Tāi-pán-hú, Hyôgo-koān, Nara-koān, Wakayama-koān,
* Tyûgoku tē-hng: Tottori-koān, Simane-koān, Okayama-koān, Hirosima-koān, Yamaguti-koān
Bollywood

**Bollywood** sī Ìn-tō͘ Mumbai ê tiān-iáⁿ sán-gia̍p, sú-iōng ê gí-giân chú-iàu sī Hindi-gí. "Bollywood" chit-ê miâ sī tuì "Bombay" (Mumbai ê kū miâ) kap Hollywood (Bí-kok ê tiān-iáⁿ sán-gia̍p tiong-sim) hō ê.

Lūi-pia̍t:Ìn-tō͘ bûn-hòa
Tôhoku tē-hng

sī Ji̍t-pún Honsyû ê 1 ê tē-khu, chāi Honsyû ê tang-pak-pêng. I ê pak-pêng sī Hokkaidô, lâm-pêng sī Tyûbu tē-hng kah Kantô tē-hng. 

Tôhoku tē-hng ū 6 ê koān: Aomori-koān, Iwate-koān, Miyagi-koān, Akita-koān, Yamagata-koān, Hukusima-koān.

## Siong-koan
*Ji̍t-pún ê tē-lí khu-he̍k
Kantô tē-hng

) sī Ji̍t-pún Honsyû tiong-pō͘ óa Thài-pêng-iûⁿ ê 1 ê tē-khū, chāi Kantô pêng-gôan tiong-ng. Ū Ibaraki-kōan, Totigi-kōan, Gunma-kōan, Saitama-kōan, Tiba-kōan, Tang-kiaⁿ-to͘, Kanagawa-kōan. Jîn-kháu chiàm chôan Ji̍t-pún ê 1/3.

## Siong-koan
*Ji̍t-pún ê tē-lí khu-he̍k
Darwin

**Darwin** sī Ò-chiu sai-pak hái-hōaⁿ ê 1 ê tiōng-iàu siâⁿ-chhī, mā-sī Pak Léng-tó͘ ê hú-siâⁿ. 

Darwin chāi Tē-jī-chhù Sè-kài Tāi-chiàn siū-tio̍h Ji̍t-pún khong-si̍p. In-ūi tī-leh jia̍t-tài, 1974 nî ê hong-thai Tracy húi-tiāu Darwin 70% ê chhù, in-chhú kui-ê siâⁿ-chhī chha-put-to lóng têng-khí. 

Lūi-pia̍t:Ò-chiu siâⁿ-chhī
Murasaki Sikibu

**Murasaki Sikibu** (紫 式部; iok 978 nî – iok 1014 nî) sī Ji̍t-pún Heian sî-tāi kiong-têng lú-sèng si-jîn, bûn-ha̍k-ka. Tī Kiaⁿ-to͘ seng-o̍ah. I Siá-liáu Genzi Monogatari, khó-lêng sī sè-kài siōng chá ê tn̂g-phiⁿ siáu-soat.

## Chham-khó
*
Hollywood

**Hollywood** sī tī Bí-kok California Los Angeles ê chi̍t-ê só͘-chāi, sī Bí-kok ê tiān-iáⁿ sán-gia̍p ê tiong-sim. "Hollywood" chit-ê miâ mā tiāⁿ hōng ēng-lâi piáu-sī "Bí-kok tiān-iáⁿ".

Lūi-pia̍t:California
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok bûn-hòa
Tâi-oân Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi

:"Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi" choán lâi chia, iú-koan kî-tha só͘-chāi pat siū Ji̍t-pún thóng-tī ê sî-kî, chhiáⁿ chham-khó Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi (khu-pia̍t-ia̍h).

**Tâi-oân Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi** (臺灣日本時代), ia̍h kiò Ji̍t-pún léng Tâi-oân (日本領臺灣), tāi-piáu 1895 nî kàu 1945 nî Tâi-oân hō͘ Ji̍t-pún thóng-tī ê hit-tōaⁿ sî-kan.

1894 nî, Tāi-chheng kah Ji̍t-pún in-ūi Tiâu-sián būn-tê hoat-seng Kah-ngó͘ chiàn-cheng. Tāi-chheng chiàn-pāi, 1895 nî Tâi-oân koah hō͘ Ji̍t-pún.

## Chóng-tok lia̍t-toaⁿ

Tâi-ôan chóng-tok
Hun-kîSî-kanKai-kipMiâ (Hàn-jī)Miâ (Ji̍t-pún Lô-má-jī)
Sui-bú Sî-kî (1895~1919) chá-kî bú-koaⁿ chóng-tok1Hái-kun tāi-chiòng樺山 資紀Kabayama Sukenori
2Lio̍k-kun tiong-chiòng桂 太郎Katsura Tarô
3Lio̍k-kun tiong-chiòng乃木 希典Nogi Maresuke
4Lio̍k-kun tāi-chiòng兒玉 源太郎Kodama Gentarô
5Lio̍k-kun tāi-chiòng佐久間 左馬太Sakuma Samata
6Lio̍k-kun tāi-chiòng安東 貞美Andô Sadayosi
7Lio̍k-kun tāi-chiòng明石 元二郎Akasi Motozirô
Tông-hòa Sî-kî (1919~1937) Bûn-koaⁿ chóng-tok8Bûn-koaⁿ田 健治郎Den Kenzirô
9Bûn-koaⁿ內田 嘉吉Utida Kakiti
10Bûn-koaⁿ伊澤 多喜男Izawa Takio
11Bûn-koaⁿ上山 滿之進Kamiyama Mannosin
12Bûn-koaⁿ川村 竹治Kawamura Takezi
13Bûn-koaⁿ石塚 英藏Isizuka Eizô
14Bûn-koaⁿ太田 政弘Ôta Masahiro
15Bûn-koaⁿ南　弘Minami Hirosi
16Bûn-koaⁿ中川 健藏Nakagawa Kenzô
Hông-bîn-hòa Sî-kî (1937~1945) Aū-kî bú-koaⁿ chóng-tok17Hái-kun tāi-chiòng小林躋造Kobayasi Seizô
18Hái-kun tāi-chiòng長谷川 清Hasegawa Kiyosi
19Lio̍k-kun tāi-chiòng安藤 利吉Andô Rikiti


Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê le̍k-sú

Lūi-pia̍t:Tāi Ji̍t-pún Tè-kok
Lí Hō

**Lí Hō** (Hàn-jī: 李賀; 790 nî - 816 nî) sī Tiong-kok Tông-tiâu ê si-jîn. In-ūi i-ê-si chin kòai-khá koh chin ū hôa-chhái, só͘-í hông chun-chhûn chò **Si-kúi**. Chāi 27-hòe tio̍h phòa-pīⁿ kòe-sin.
James Cameron

**James Cameron** (1954 nî 8 goe̍h 16 ji̍t chhut-sì) sī Canada chhut-sin ê tiān-iáⁿ tō-ián, chè-chō-jîn kap pian-kio̍k. I ê chok-phín ū *[[The Terminator]]*, *[[Aliens]]*, *[[Titanic (1997 nî tiān-iáⁿ)|Titanic]]* kap *[[Avatar]]* téng-téng.
Tân Tiong-hô

**Tân Tiong-hô** ū khó-lêng sī: 

* Tân Tiong-hô (seng-lí-lâng) (陳中和), Tâi-oân-lâng.
* Tân Tiong-hô (pâi-kiû kàu-liān) (陳忠和), Hok-kián-lâng.

Tiong-hô
Tân Tiong-hô (seng-lí-lâng)

**Tân Tiong-hô** (陳中和, 1853 nî 3 goe̍h 19 ji̍t - 1930 nî 8 goe̍h 8 ji̍t) sī Tâi-oân ê seng-lí-lâng, tī Táⁿ-káu ê Lêng-á-liâu chhut-sì, ū keng-êng ūn-su kap chè-thn̂g téng téng.
Lâng ê kut hē-thóng

Jîn-lūi ê kut hē-thóng sī lâng sin-thé ê ki-chhó͘, ē-sái pó-hō͘ sin-thé loán-jio̍k ê só͘-chāi. 

## Tô͘
Ko͘ Hián-êng

**Ko͘ Hián-êng** (辜顯榮, 1866 nî 2 goe̍h 2 ji̍t - 1937 nî 12 goe̍h 9 ji̍t) sī Tâi-oân ê seng-lí-lâng. I uì Chiong-hoà ê Lo̍k-káng chhut-sì, tī 1895 nî chò gêng-chiap Ji̍t-pún kun-tuī ê sin-sū tāi-piáu.

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân Chóng-tok-hú Phêng-gī-hōe-oân
Pòaⁿ-pîn-soaⁿ

**Pòaⁿ-pîn-soaⁿ** (半屏山) tī Tâi-oân ê Ko-hiông-chhī, tāi-io̍k ū 220 kong-chhioh koân, kha-chá chhut-sán chio̍h-hoe-chio̍h.
Lady Gaga

縮圖|Lady Gaga (2023)
**Lady Gaga** () pún-miâ **Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta**, sī Bí-kok ê koa-chhiú, kiâⁿ liû-hêng, bú-khek kap tiān-im lō͘-soàⁿ.
Black Eyed Peas

**Black Eyed Peas** sī Bí-kok ê hip hop thoân-thé, sêng-goân ū will.i.am, Fergie, Taboo kap apl.de.ap.
Chiáu-lūi-ha̍k

**Chiáu-lūi-ha̍k** (Eng-gí: *ornithology*) sī choan-bûn teh gián-kiù chiáu-luī ê tōng-bu̍t-ha̍k ha̍k-kho.
Hêng-ûi-ha̍k

**Hêng-ûi-ha̍k** (Eng-gí: *ethology*), ha̍k-chiá **tōng-bu̍t hêng-ûi** (*animal behaviour*), sī choan-bûn ián-kiù tōng-bu̍t hêng-uî (iā ū kóng "hêng-tōng") ê tōng-bu̍t-ha̍k hak-kho. Hiān-tāi ê hêng-uî-ha̍k tāi-io̍k sī tuì 1930 nî-tāi Nikolaas Tinbergen kap Konrad Lorenz khai-sí. Chit-ê ha̍k-kho ê ián-kiù kap sim-lí-ha̍k chin ū kau-chhap.

## Tinbergen hō͘ hêng-ûi-ha̍k-chiá ê 4-ê būn-tê
Chiam-tùi chit bûn ha̍k-būn, Tinbergen thê-chhut liáu 4 hāng būn-tê:

* Kong-lêng (*function*): Hêng-ûi tùi tōng-bu̍t chûn-oa̍h kap seⁿ-thòaⁿ ê éng-hióng sī jû-hô? Ūi-siá tōng-but sī á-né ê hoán-èng, m̄-sī pa̍t khoán hoán-èng?
* Goân-in (*causation*; in-kó): Sī siá-mi̍h chhì-kek ín-khí hoán-èng, i koh sī á-ná siū chòe-kīn ê ha̍k-si̍p lâi siu-kái?
* Hoat-io̍k (*development*): Tùi teh nî-hòe hêng-ûi sī á-choán kái-piàn, jî-chhiá sī siá-mi̍h khoán ê chá-kî keng-giām tùi tōng-bu̍t tián-hiān hêng-ûi sī pì-iàu--ê?
* Chìn-hòa ê le̍k-sú (*evolutionary history*): Hêng-ûi kap siong-koan bu̍t-chéng ê siong-sū hêng-ûi pí-kàu khí--lâi sī á-ná, i tī hun-hòa kòe-têng tiong koh khí-sian sī á-ná?
Âng It-hong

**Âng It-hong** (洪一峰; 1927 nî 10 goe̍h 30 - 2010 nî 2 goe̍h 24) pún-miâ **Âng Bûn-lō͘** (洪文路), goân-che̍k Tâi-oân Tâi-lâm-koān Kiâm-chúi-tìn, Tâi-pak Báng-kah chhut-sì, sī Tâi-oân chhut-miâ ê Tâi-gí liû-hêng-koa chok-khek-ka, ián-chhiùⁿ-ka.

## Chhut-sin
Âng It-hong pún-miâ Âng Bûn-lō͘, goân-chek sī Tâi-lâm tē-hng ê Kiâm-chúi; i 1927 nî 10 goe̍h 10 ji̍t tī Tâi-pak-chhī lāi ê Báng-kah chhut-sì, sè-hàn sî to tām Báng-kah khiā-khí. Kàu 1934 nî, i sûi lāu-bú kòe Pak-káng, jî-chhiá tī hia tha̍k kong-ha̍k-hāu. 1939 nî ê sî-chūn, koh tó-tńg Tâi-pak tha̍k Liông-san Kong-ha̍k-hāu, chhut-gia̍p liáu-āu oa-ná kè-sio̍k ji̍p ko-téng-kho. Tong-sî i mā pat tī Sin-ko-tông bé im-ga̍k hong-bīn ê chheh lâi tha̍k, jí-chhiá bé liáu i thâu chi̍t ki gì-tah. Ko-téng-kho tē-2 nî ê sî, tio̍h chham-ka chheng-liân-thoân ùi Tâi-pak Kong-hōe-tông ê ián-chhut.

## Chham-khó
*
Chūi-chōng

**Chūi-chōng** (脺臟), it-poaⁿ kóng **io-chhioh** (腰尺), sī chek-chui tōng-bu̍t ê siau-hoà kap lāi-hun-pì khì-koan. Chia teh seng-sán ê ho͘-lú-bóng ū insulin, glucagon kap somatostatin; goā-hun-pì ū chūi e̍k, chi̍t-khoán siau-hoà kàⁿ-sò͘.
2010 nî Chile tē-tāng

**2010 nî Chile [[tē-tāng]]** hoat-seng tī Chile Maule Tē-khu ê Concepción hái-hoāⁿ. Kiông-tō͘ ū 8.8 M<sub>w</sub>. Che sī 1960 nî Valdivia tē-tāng liáu-āu tī Chile siōng kiông-lia̍t ê tē-tāng. Chit kái tē-tāng ê sí-bông jîn-só͘ chiau-koè 279.

## Chham-khó chu-liāu
2010 nî Haiti tē-tāng

**2010 nî Haiti [[tē-tāng]]** hoat-seng tī Haiti, tiong-sim tī Léogâne siâⁿ, lî siú-tō͘ Port-au-Prince 25 km. Chit kái tē-tāng ê sí-bông jîn-sò͘ chhiau-koè 20 bān.

## Chham-khó chu-liāu
Anna Faris

**Anna Kay Faris** (1976 nî 11 goe̍h 29 ji̍t chhut-sì) sī Bí-kok ê ián-goân kap koa-chhiú. I ū ián koè *Scary Movie*, *My Super Ex-Girlfriend*, kap *The House Bunny* téng-téng ê tiān-iáⁿ.

## Chhut-sin
Anna Faris sī 1976 nî 11 goe̍h 29 ùi Maryland ê Baltimore chhut-sì--ê. La̍k-hòe sî in tau chiō sóa kòe Washington ê Edmonds. Anna ê lāu-pē Jack, sī chi̍t ūi siā-hōe-ha̍k-chiá, lāu-bú Karen sī sió-ha̍k kàu-su.
Ián-oân

**Ián-oân** (**ián-goân**, ) ia̍h **hì-kioh** (戲腳), sī tī hì-kio̍k lāi piáu-ián, chiâⁿ chò lāi-té ê kak-sek ê lâng. Ián-goân piáu-hiān ê bú-tāi ū tiān-iáⁿ, tiān-sī, ke̍k-tiûⁿ ia̍h kóng-pò téng-téng.

* 
*
Koa-chhiú

**Koa-chhiú** sī kā chhiùⁿ-koa chò choan-gia̍p ê lâng. Tī kó͘-tián im-ga̍k lāi-bīn, lâng ê siaⁿ-im hong tòng chò sī chi̍t khoán ga̍k-khì.

zh-yue:唱作人
Livonia-gí

**Livonia-gí** (līvõ kēļ) sio̍k-î Ural Gí-hē ê Baltic-Finnic Gí-chi. Chit-sī chi̍t-chióng chí-ū tuā-iok 35 ê lâng, kî-tiong ū cha̍p-lâng ē-táng lâu-lī sái-iōng ê gí-giân. I kah Estonia-gí ê kuan-hē cha̍p-hūn kín-bi̍t. Livonia-lâng ê kò͘-hiong tī Latvia Kurland puàⁿ-tó pak-pō͘ ê Livonia. Chi̍t-kuá Livonia-lâng chiànn-tsāi ha̍k-si̍p Livonia-gí, tān-sī in chí-sī Livonia-lâng ê chi̍t-sió pō͘-hūn, sú-iōng Livonia-gí ê ki-huē sī iú-hān ê. 
Livonia jī-bú sī iû Latvia-gí jī-bú lah Estonia-gí jī-bú hūn-ha̍p hîng-sîng ê.

Livonia jī-bú ： A/a, Ā/ā, Ä/ä, Ǟ/ǟ, B/b, D/d, Ḑ/ḑ, E/e, Ē/ē, F/f, G/g, H/h, I/i, Ī/ī, J/j, K/k, L/l, Ļ/ļ, M/m, N/n, Ņ/ņ, O/o, Ō/ō, Õ/õ, P/p, R/r, Ŗ/ŗ, S/s, Š/š, T/t, Ț/ț, U/u, Ū/ū, V/v, Z/z, Ž/ž

## Siông-iōng té-gí
Lí hó !– Tēriņtš! 
Gâu-tsá ! - Jõvā ūomõg! / Jõvvõ ūomõgt! 
Hó-thiⁿ! - Jõvā pǟva! / Jõvvõ päuvõ! 
To-siā ! - Tienū! 
Sin-nî khuài-lo̍k! - Vȯndzist Ūdāigastõ! 
Sí-bông - kȭlmä 
Chi̍t – ikš 
Nng – kakš 
Sam– kuolm 
Sì – nēļa 
Gō͘ – vīž 
La̍k – kūž 
Chhit – seis 
Pueh – kōdõks 
Káu– īdõks 
Cha̍p – kim 
## Iōng Livonia-gí siá-chok ê chok-phín
Mustā plagā valsõ

Kubbõ āt tuļ immõr satunnõd mingizt. 
Mustā lupāt um vȯrd tutkām jūs. 
Nǟlgalizt nīelõb min mȯistõmõt rõkūd 
Sigžtūļ käds ikš dadžā ja ūgõb. 
Mitikš äb tō ku sa kēratõkst pǟgiñ: 
Um jõvīst, až sāina pǟl kēratõd "A". 
Võid stalažod arrõ, až sainõ äb sȭita - 
Ma vāgiž set kītõb, ku jõvīst tīed sa 
Ja tikkiž ja tegīž um lagtõd sin tōmi 
Sīest, mis sinnõn tīemõst ja mis sinā võid. 
Až suggõbõd suodād ja revolūtsijõd, 
Siz nustām sīes pāikal. Pǟdõ ka mēg. 
Až nai ikškõrd vāldiž ka mäddõn tīeb sillõ. 
Īezõ palābõd sīlmad, kus pīegiļtiz irm. 
Siz grumā touvõd mäd' āndabõd villõ 
Ja kõzzist pīkstõbõd pimdõd joud. 
Ni īdskubs himnõ mēg lōlam īe pierrõ, 
Sīest mēḑi ta kāitsõb ja sīnda ka tōks. 
Sīest lōlam mēg: "Julgizt ni, veļīd, tīe jūrõ!" 
Täuds sidāms oppõrmīel põrāndõks. 
Leb Valst āigastsadā võilõb se kāngaz, 
Mustā ku loptõmõt mōīlmarūim. 
Kuñš īebõd pandõkst, kūoḑõd ja kuodād, 
Täddõn nagrõs muidlõb kūolõn pǟlū. 
Lyrics by Tõnu Trubetsky 

## Chham-siông
## Chham-khó chu-liāu

Lūi-pia̍t:Giân-gú
Montenegro-lâng

**Montenegro-lâng** (Crnogorci) sī Au-chiu bîn-cho̍k chi-it. Lâng-sò͘ iok gō͘-cha̍p-pueh bān-lâng (1981-nî thóng-kè sò͘-jī), chú-iàu hun-pò͘ tī Montenegro kah Serbia. Jîn-chióng sio̍k "Au-chiu-Balkan" hîng, to-sò͘ sìn-hōng Tang-chèng-kàu. Montenegro-lâng ê gí-giân kah Serbia-gí sio-kāng, Bûn-hoà hong-sio̍k iā-sī chhin-kīn. In sī kó͘-chá Slav-lâng ê āu-tāi. 

## Jîn-kháu
## Li̍k-sú
## Gí-giân
## Bûn-hoà
## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
## Chham-khó chu-liāu
* O͘-soaⁿ-lâng

Lūi-pia̍t:Au-chiu-lâng
1799 nî

## Liân-hō
* Tāi-chheng-kok: Ka-khèng (嘉慶) 4 nî
* Ji̍t-pún (Edo sî-tāi): Khoan-chèng (寬政) 11 nî
* Tāi-oa̍t-kok (Oa̍t-lâm): 
** Pak-hng (Tây Sơn Tiâu): Kéng-sēng (景盛) 7 nî
** Lâm-hng (Nguyễn Chú): Kéng-heng (景興) 60 nî

## Tang A-chiu kun-chú kì-goân
* Tāi-chheng-kok: Jîn-chong (仁宗) 4 nî
*  Tiâu-sián-kok: Chèng-chó͘ (正祖) 23 nî
* Tāi-oa̍t-kok (Oa̍t-lâm): 
** Pak-hng (Tây Sơn Tiâu): Nguyễn Quang Toản 7 nî
** Lâm-hng (Nguyễn Chú): Nguyễn Ông (阮王, "Ńg-ông") 20 nî
* Liû-kiû-kok: Siōng Un Ông (尚溫王) 5 nî

## Sū-kiāⁿ
* 3 goe̍h 25 ji̍t: Hoat-kok kap Ò-tē-lī khí Stockach Chiàn-tò͘.
* 7 goe̍h 25 ji̍t: Hoat-kok kap Osman Tè-kok hoat-seng Abukir Chiàn-tò͘.
* 8 goe̍h 15 ji̍t: Lō͘-se-a kiam Ò-tē-lī kap Hoat-kok phah Novi Chiàn-tò͘.
* 10 goe̍h 6 ji̍t: Hoat-kok kiam Batavia Kiōng-hô-kok kap Eng-kok kiam Lō͘-se-a phah Castricum Chiàn-tò͘.
* 11 goe̍h 9 ji̍t: Napoleon ê sè-le̍k hoat-tōng Brumaire 18 Hoán-kok (Coup d'État du 18 brumaire).
* 12 goe̍h 1 ji̍t: Hoat-kok ê VIII nî hiàn-hoat chhái-ēng.

### Bô ji̍t-kî
## Kok-ka léng-tō-chiá

## Chhut-sì

* 5 goe̍h 20 ji̍t: Honoré de Balzac, Hoat-kok ê siáu-soat-ka
* 6 goe̍h 6 ji̍t: Alexander Pushkin, Lō͘-se-a lōng-bān-chú-gī chok-ka (1837 nî kòe-sin)
* 6 goe̍h 18 ji̍t: William Lassell, Eng-kok ê thian-bûn-ha̍k-ka
### Bô ji̍t-kî

## Kòe-sin
* 1 goe̍h 9 ji̍t: Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Italia tiat-ha̍k-ka
* 2 goe̍h 7 ji̍t: Khiân-liông Hông-tè, Tiong-kok lâng. Tiong-kok Hông-tè.
* 8 goe̍h 29 ji̍t: Kàu-hông Pius 6-sè, Italia sèng-chhit-chiá. Kàu-hông. 1717 nî chhut-sì.
* 12 goe̍h 6 ji̍t: Joseph Black, Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok hòa-ha̍k-ka.
* 12 goe̍h 14 ji̍t: George Washington, Bí-kok tē-1-ê chóng-thóng (1732 nî chhut-sì)
### Bô ji̍t-kî
## Ji̍t-chì

## Chham-khó chu-liāu
George Eastman

**George Eastman** (1854 nî 7 goe̍h 12 ji̍t - 1932 nî 3 goe̍h 14 ji̍t) sī Bí-kok ê hoat-bêng-ka, seng-lí-lâng kap chû-siān-ka. I sī iáⁿ-phìⁿ kńg (*roll film*) ê hoat-bêng-chiá, mā-sī Eastman Kodak Kong-si ê chhòng-pān-jîn.
Surrey

**Surrey** sī Eng-tē tang-lâm tē-khu ê chi̍t-ê kūn (*county*), kap Greater London, Kent, East Sussex, West Sussex, Hampshire, koh-ū Berkshire sio-chiap, jîn-kháu ū 110 bān.

Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân ê kūn
ATP

**Sòaⁿ-kam sam-lîn-sng** (Eng-gí: *adenosine triphosphate*, lio̍k-siá: **ATP**) sī chi̍t khoán he̍k-kam-sng, tī seng-bu̍t ê sè-pau lāi-bīn ū chin-choē lō͘-ēng, iû-kî sī ēng chò lêng-liōng teh liû-thong ê chài-thé. Seng-bu̍t-thé lāi ē sán-seng ATP ê koè-têng ū kng-lîn-sng-hoà, thn̂g-kái, le-bóng-sng sûn-khôan, beta ióng-hòa, kap bô-ióng ho͘-khip téng-téng.

## Tsù-kái

## Siong-koan ê bûn-chiong
* Tāi-siā
*ADP

## Guā-pōo liân-kiat

* ATP bound to proteins in the PDB
* ScienceAid: Energy ATP and Exercise
* PubChem entry for Adenosine Triphosphate
* KEGG entry for Adenosine Triphosphate

Lūi-pia̍t:Seng-hòa-ha̍k
2010 nî Ko-hiông tē-tāng

**2010 nî Ko-hiông [[tē-tāng]]** hoat-seng tī Tâi-oân sî-kan 3 goe̍h 4 ji̍t ê 8:18, kiông-tō͘ 6.4 Mw, tiong-sim tī Ko-hiông-koān ê soaⁿ-khu. Tē-tāng tī thong Tâi-oân lóng ū kám-kak.
Lân Tāi-pit

縮圖|222x222像素|Lân Tāi-pit
**Lân tāi-pit** (Dr. David Landsborough IV; 蘭大弼; 1914 nî 12 goe̍h 14 - 2010 nî 3 goe̍h 2) chó͘-ke Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok, 1914 nî tiàm Tâi-oân Chiong-hoà chhut-sì.
Chheng léng Tâi-oân

**Chheng léng Tâi-oân** (清領臺灣) sī 1683 nî kàu 1895 nî Tāi-chheng thóng-tī Tâi-oân ê hit-tōan sî-kan. 1683 nî, Tāi-chheng phài Si Lông kong-tá Tâi-oân ê Tēⁿ-sī chèng-kôan. Tī Phêⁿ-ô͘ hái-chiàn āu, Tēⁿ-sī chèng-kôan tâu-hâng. Keng-kòe thó-lūn, Tāi-chheng koat-tēng kā Tâi-oân la̍p-ji̍p pán-tô͘, khai-sí 212 nî ê Tâi-oân Chheng-kok sî-tāi.

Tâi-oân Chheng-kok sî-tāi nā chiàu hêng-chèng tē-ūi lâi khòaⁿ, ē-tàng chho͘ hun-chòe nn̄g ê sî-kî:
# Tâi-oân-tō sî-kî. 1683 nî - 1886 nî, sī Tāi-Chheng siau-ke̍k thóng-tī ê sî-kî, siōng-tōa ê hêng-chèng siú-tiúⁿ thâu-hâm chêng-āu ū sì-chióng：
##Hok-kiàn Hun-sûn Tâi-oân Ē-mn̂g Tō (福建分巡臺灣廈門道) 
##Hok-kiàn Hun-sûn Tâi-oân Tō (福建分巡臺灣道) 
##Hok-kiàn Hun-sûn Tâi-oân Peng-pī Tō (福建分巡臺灣兵備道) 
##Àn-chhat-sú Hâm Hun-sûn Tâi-oân Peng-pī Tō (按察使銜分巡臺灣兵備道)  
# Tâi-oân-séng sî-kî. 1886 nî - 1895 nî,  siōng-tōa ê hêng-chèng siú-tiúⁿ sī Tâi-oân Sûn-hú (巡撫)

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê le̍k-sú
Sawndip

**Sawndip** sī Tiong-kok Chòng-cho̍k kha-chá ēng-lâi siá Chòng-gí ê kó͘ bûn-jī, sī ián-seng tuì Hàn-jī ê chi̍t khoán piáu-gí bûn-jī.

## Siong-koan ê bûn-chiong
*Chữ Nôm
Ìn-nî-gí

**Ìn-nî-gí** (*Bahasa Indonesia*) sī Tang-lâm-a kok-ka Ìn-nî ê koan-hong gí-giân, sǹg sī Má-lâi-gí ê chi̍t-ê siū kui-hoān ê hêng-sek. Ìn-nî-gí mā sī Lâm-tó gí-giân ê chi̍t hūn-chú, ū tāi-iok 1700 bān ê chāi-tē sú-iōng-chiá; thong-sè-kài koh ū 2 ek lâng ē-hiáu chit khoán gí-giân.

## Bûn-jī hē-thóng
Ìn-nî-gí ēng Lô-má-jī lâi siá, it-poaⁿ ho͘-im kap tàu-jī chin tùi-tâng.

### Jī-bó
Ìn-nî-gí ê jī-bó-hē chhái-ēng ki-pún ê 26-ê jī-bó.




Ìn-nî-gí tùi jī-bó ê hō-miâ, sī tòe Hô-lân-gí jī-bó-hē kiâⁿ. Ìn-nî-gí ê jī-bó-hē sī chi̍t khoán im-sò͘-sek chiàⁿ-jī-hoat (*phonemic orthography*), in ê tan-jī sī chiàu ho͘-im tàu-jī, taⁿ ū chió-hūn bô chiàu-lē. Jī-bó Q, V, kap X sī hán tit ēng--ê, chú-iàu sī ēng ùi chioh-jī (gōa-lâi-gí).

Ìn-nî-gí ia̍h ū siang-jī-bó (*digraph*) ê koan-liām, in sī hông tòng-chò chi̍t-ê jī-bó leh sú-iōng:

## Goā-lâi-gí
Siū tio̍h si̍t-bîn kap î-bîn ê éng-hióng, Ìn-nî-gí ū chin chē tùi kî-tha gí-giân chioh lâi ê sû-gí. Chhan-chhiūⁿ Hô-lân-gí goân-thâu ê goā-lâi-gí ū *polisi* (kéng-chhat), *wortel * (âng-chhài-thâu) téng-téng. Tùi Phû-tô-gâ-gí lâi-ê ū chhan-chhiūⁿ *sabun* (sap-bûn) kap *bola* (kiû). 

Ìn-nî-gí mā ū chiâⁿ chē Hok-kiàn-ōe goân-thâu ê goā-lâi-gí, chhan-chhiūⁿ *mie* (mī), *lumpia* (lūn-piáⁿ), *teko* (tê-kó͘). Lēng-goā koh ū Hoân-gí lâi-ê chhan-chhiūⁿ *raja* (ông), *kaca* (kiàⁿ/po-lê); A-la-pek-gí lâi-ê *kitab* (chheh), *kamus* (sû-tián) téng-téng.

## Liân-kiat

Lūi-pia̍t:Ìn-nî-gí
Lūn-piáⁿ-kauh

**Lūn-piáⁿ-kauh** (潤餅), **Lūn-piáⁿ** ia̍h-sī kóng **Po̍h-piáⁿ** (薄餅) , sī A-chiu liû-hêng ê chi̍t khoán Tang-iûⁿ-sek si̍t-phín, ēng piáⁿ-phoê pau chhài-se chò āⁿ. Nā Tâi-oân po̍h-piáⁿ thoân-thóng-siōng sī kè-nî kè-chueh leh chia̍h ê mi̍h-kiāⁿ，Lâm-pō͘ tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ tī Chheng-bêng chia̍h lūn-piáⁿ, Pak-pō͘ tû-liáu Chheng-bêng í-gōa, mā ē tī kū-le̍k kè-nî-chêng chia̍h lūn-piáⁿ.

## Chham-khó
Soán-kí

**Soán-kí** sī kûn-thé soán-te̍k jîn-châi chhut-lâi tam-jīm kong-kiōng chit-bū ê hong-sek.

## Siong-koan ê bûn-chiong
* Tâu-phiò
* Bîn-chú
Iûⁿ Chhiu-heng

**Iûⁿ Chhiu-heng** (楊秋興, 1956 nî 5 goe̍h 15 ji̍t) sī Tâi-oân ê chèng-tī-ka, ū chò koè Tâi-oân-séng ê séng-gī-goân, Tiong-hoâ Bîn-kok li̍p-hoa̍t úi-goân, kap Ko-hiông-koān koān-tiúⁿ. Pún-lâi i ê tóng-phài sī Bîn-chú Chìn-pō͘ Tóng. Āu-lâi ūi-tio̍h chham-soán Ko-hiông-chhī chhī-tiúⁿ. Ka-kí soan-pò͘ thoè-tóng.
Iàn-châu-khu

**Iàn-châu-khu** (燕巢區) sī Tâi-oân Ko-hiông-chhī ê chi̍t-ê khu, sī Ko-hiông to͘-hoē-khu ê chi̍t pō͘-hūn. Kàu , Iàn-châu ê jîn-kháu ū -lâng.

## Le̍k-sú
Iàn-châu í-chá hō-chò **Oān-châu** (援剿), chit-ê miâ ê lâi-goân sī in-ūi Tēⁿ-sī Sî-tāi bat phài "Oān-châu Tiong Tìn", "Oān-châu Iū Tìn" kah "Kak-sok Tìn" lâi chia khai-khún. 1920 nî Ji̍t-pún chèng-hú tī Tâi-oân si-hêng tē-hng kái-chè, kā "Oān-châu" kái-chò Ji̍t-gí lāi-té kâng-im ê "Iàn-châu" ( *ensô*), siat-tì "Iàn-châu-chng", sio̍k Ko-hiông-chiu Ko-hiông-kūn. Chiàn-āu kái-chò Ko-hiông-koān Iàn-châu-hiong, 2010 nî Ko-hiông koān-chhī ha̍p-pèng, Ko-hiông-koān Iàn-châu-hiong seng-keh chò Ko-hiông-chhī Iàn-châu-khu.

## Tē-tiám
* A-kong-tiàm Chúi-khò͘
Iûⁿ Kùi

**Iûⁿ Kûi** (楊逵; ) pún-miâ **Iûⁿ Kùi** (楊貴), Tâi-oân Tâi-lâm-koān Sin-hoà-tìn chhut-sì, sī Tâi-oân chhut-miâ ê bûn-ha̍k-ka.
Má-lâi-gí

**Má-lâi-gí** (*Bahasa Melayu*) sī chú-iàu tī tang-lâm-a teh liû-thong ê chi̍t khoán Lâm-tó gí-giân; tû-liáu sī Brunei kap Má-lâi-se-a ê koan-hong gí-giân, mā sī Sin-ka-pho ê kok-ka gí-giân chi it. 

Má-lâi-gí chú-iàu ū nn̄g khoán kok-ka chè-tēng ê piau-chún, chi̍t khoán sī Ìn-nî ê Ìn-nî-gí; lēng-gōa sī Mái-lâi-se-a ê piáu-chún-hòa Má-lâi-gí, mā kiò chò Má-lâi-se-a-gí.

## Hiòng-goā liân-kiat

Lūi-pia̍t:Má-lâi-gí
Lūi-pia̍t:Má-lâi-se-a
Wernher von Braun

**Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun** (1912 nî 3 goe̍h 23 ji̍t - 1977 nî 6 goe̍h 16 ji̍t) sī Tek-kok chhut-sì, āu-lâi koh khì Bí-kok hoat-tián ê hoé-chìⁿ kho-ha̍k-ka kap thài-khong kang-têng-su. I sī Tek-kok kap Bí-kok khai-hoat hoé-chìⁿ ki-su̍t ê léng-tō jîn-bu̍t. I chú-chhî siat-kè ê hoé-chìⁿ ū V2 kap Saturn V téng-téng.
Kó͘-tián im-ga̍k chok-khek-ka lia̍t-toaⁿ

Chit piⁿ bûn-chiong sī se-iûⁿ kó͘-tián im-ga̍k kok sî-kî ê chok-khek-ka lia̍t-toaⁿ.

## Tiong-sè sî-kî

## Bûn-gē-ho̍k-heng sî-kî

## Baroque sî-kî

## Kó͘-tián sî-kî

## Lōng-bān sî-kî
Yo-Yo Ma

**Yo-Yo Ma**, hàn-miâ **Má Iú-iú** (馬友友, 1955 nî 10 goe̍h 7 ji̍t chhut-sì), sī Bí-kok ê toā-thê-khîm-ka. I sī Hoat-kok Pa-lí chhut-sì ê Bí-kok Hoâ-jîn, ū tit koè cha̍p-kúi kái Grammy Chióng, sī hiān-sî thong sè-kài siāng chhut-miâ ê toā-thê-khîm-ka chi it.

## Goā-pō͘ liân-kiat
* Yo-Yo Ma ê koaⁿ-hong báng
* The Silk Road Project
Hūi-oaⁿ cha-bó͘

Tī Hūi-oaⁿ, koh-khah ta̍t-tit kóng-khí--ê, siōng-kài hō· lâng o-ló--ê sī Hūi-oaⁿ cha-bó· (惠安女, kha-chiah-āu, mā ū lâng kiò in "Hūi-oaⁿ-pô-á" ). Hūi-oaⁿ chá-bó· siⁿ-sêng phoh-si̍t, kut-la̍t, khîn-khiām, khîⁿ-ke, hàu-sūn, hiân-hōe koh ū-tō·-liōng, siōng tiōng-iàu--ê, in lóng chin gâu chòe khang-khòe, chhù-lāi chhù-gōa, m̄-kóan chho·-tāng a̍h khin-khó, chóng-sī chòe kah chiâⁿ tiám-tîn, chiâⁿ sù-sī. 

Hūi-oaⁿ cha-bó· ê chhēng-chhah iu-kî te̍k-pia̍t, chin-chiàⁿ lâng kóng "sèng-keh koh kó·-chui". Thôan-thóng chhēng-chhah ê hong-keh sī : saⁿ-á té, chhiú-ńg chi̍t-pòaⁿ tn̂g, tō·-châi hiàn-hiàn pun-lâng-khòaⁿ; khò· kài tn̂g, khò·-kha put-sî teh thoa-thô·; thâu-khak ài iōng pè-á (pau-thâu-kin) pau hō· bā-bā, kan-na ē-tit hō· lâng khòaⁿ-tio̍h bīn-chiáⁿ (面-), kiàn-nā choh-sit ê sî thàu-tóe ài tì koe-le̍h. Chit-chióng kài to̍k-te̍k ê táⁿ-pān, ē-sái iōng chi̍t-kù Bân-lâm thong-lâng-chai ê sio̍k-gí lâi kā chò chóng-kiat, hō·-chòe "hong-kiàn thâu, bîn-chú tō·, chiat-khiām saⁿ, phah-sńg khò·". 

Hūi-oaⁿ cha-bó· kut-la̍t choh-sit ê sèng-sò· kah in pún-sin lē-táu iū-koh pâi-chí ê chhēng-chhah, taⁿ í-keng hoat-tián chiâⁿ-chòe chi̍t-chióng tē-hng bûn-hòa.
Johann Nepomuk Hummel

**Johann Nepomuk Hummel** (1778 nî 11 goe̍h 14 ji̍t - 1837 nî 10 goe̍h 17 ji̍t) sī Tang-kok ê chok-khek-ka, i ê im-ga̍k hóan-èng chhut Kó͘-tián sî-kî kap Lōng-bān sî-kî ê choán-piàn.

Lūi-pia̍t:Ò-tē-lī chok-khek-ka
Cho͘-chit hoān-chōe

**Cho͘-chit hoān-choē** () ū nn̄g khoán ì-sù, tē-it sī kóng it-poaⁿ thoân-thé chhin-chhiūⁿ khì-gia̍p ia̍h-sī chèng-hú tang-ūi ê hoān-choē; tē-jī sī kóng choan-bûn lī-iōng hoān-hoat ê tāi-chì lâi chè-chō lī-ek ê hoān-choē chi̍p-thôan, chhin-chhiūⁿ o͘-tō ia̍h o͘-chhiú-tóng.
Brahmi-hē bûn-jī

**Brahmi-hē bûn-jī**, mā hō chò **Ìn-tō͘-hē bûn-jī**, sī chi̍t lūi abugida bûn-jī, ia̍h tiō sī im-chiat bûn-jī kap im-sò͘ bûn-jī (jī-bó) ê ha̍p-thé. Chia ê jī sī tùi Ìn-tō͘ ê Brāhmī bûn-jī ta̍uh-ta̍uh-á ián-piàn sán-seng. Tī Ìn-tō͘ Aryan, Chōng-bián, Dravid, Bông-kó͘, Lâm-tó kap Tâi lóng ū sú-iōng ê kì-lio̍k. 

Hân-kok ê hangul mā khó-lêng ū chham-khó. 

Ìn-tō͘-hē bûn-jī koh sī Ji̍t-pún ê kana tī jī-tián lāi ê pâi-lia̍t hong-sek lâi-goân.
Eugène Ysaÿe

**Eugène Ysaÿe** (Hoat-gí ho͘ [øʒɛn iza.i]; 1858 nî 7 goe̍h 16 – 1931 nî 5 goe̍h 12) sī Belgie ê sió-thê-khîm-ka, chok-khek-ka, kiam chí-hui.
Chiân-tìn Hî-káng

**Chiân-tìn Hî-káng** (前鎮漁港) tī Tâi-oân Ko-hiông-chhī ê Chiân-tìn-khu, sī Ko-hiông Káng káng-khu ê chi̍t pō͘-hūn, mā sī thong Tâi-oân hî-he̍k siāng chē ê hî-káng.

## Chham-khó chu-liāu

Lūi-pia̍t:Chiân-tìn-khu
Jîn-bú-khu

**Jîn-bú-khu** (仁武區) sī Tâi-oân Ko-hiông-chhī ê chi̍t ê khu, sai-bīn oá Chó-iâⁿ-khu, Sam-bîn-khu, Lâm-chú-khu, pak-bīn oá Tōa-siā-khu, lâm-pêng sī Chiáu-chhêng-khu, tang-pêng sī Tōa-chhiū-khu, ū Jîn-bú Kang-gia̍p-khu siat tī chit-ê só͘-chāi. Jîn-kháu kàu  ū -lâng.
Piáu-bīn tiong-la̍t

**Piáu-bīn tiong-la̍t** (Eng-gí: *surface tension*) sī e̍k-thé piáu-bīn ê chi̍t khoán sèng-chit, ē hō͘ e̍k-thé ê chi̍t pō͘-hūn piáu-bīn kap lēng-goā chi̍t pō͘-hūn ê piáu-bīn sio khan. Tī bu̍t-lí-ha̍k, piáu-bīn tiong-la̍t sī tang-ūi tn̂g-tō͘ só͘ siū ê la̍t; mā ē-táng kóng sī tang-ūi bīn-chek só͘ hâm ê lêng-liōng. Chhin-chhiūⁿ chúi sáng-seng chúi-tih, tio̍h sī piáu-bīn tiong-la̍t chō-sêng ê hiān-siōng.
N̂g-hái

**N̂g-hái** (Hàn-jī: 黃海), Hân-kok mā kiò **Se-hái**, sī Tiong-kok tang-pêng ê chi̍t-ê hái, sǹg Thài-pêng-iûⁿ ê chi̍t pō͘-hūn, pat sī N̂g-hô ê chhut hái kháu.
Hông-hô

**Hông-hô** (黃河) sī Tiong-kok tē-jī tn̂g ê hô, ū 5464 kong-lí, tùi Chheng-hái-séng hoat-goân, tī Pu̍t-hái chhut-kháu. 

## Miâ
Hô (河) chit-ê sû goân-lâi tio̍h sī Hông-hô ê kó͘-chá miâ.

Lūi-pia̍t:Tiong-kok ê khe
Jos

**Jos** sī Nigeria tiong-pō͘ ê siâⁿ-chhī, Plateau Chiu ê siú-to͘, tiàm tī Jos Koân-phiâⁿ.
Khòng-chè-lūn

**Khòng-chè-lūn** (Cybernetics) sī gián-kiù kok-chióng hē-thóng tiâu-chiat kah khòng-chè ê kho-ha̍k. 1948-nî, Norbert Wiener hoat-piáu *Khòng-chè-lūn* chit-pùn chheh, thê-chhut chit-ê khài-liām. I sī chū-tōng khòng-chè, thong-sìn ki-su̍t, kè-sǹg-ki kho-ha̍k, sò͘-lí bêng-ha̍k, sîn-keng seng-lí-ha̍k, thóng-kè le̍k-ha̍k, hêng-ûi kho-ha̍k téng-téng kho-ha̍k ki-su̍t hō͘-siang iông-ha̍p hêng-sêng ê kho-ha̍k, pau-koat sìn-sit-lūn, chū-tōng khòng-chè hē-thóng lí-lūn kah khòai-sok chū-tōng-ki lí-lūn.
Fernando Sor

**Fernando Sor** (1778 nî 2 goe̍h 14 ji̍t siū sé-lé - 1839 nî 7 goe̍h 10 ji̍t koè-sin) sī Se-pan-gâ ê chok-khek-ka kiam gih-tah-ka. I sī koa-kio̍k, pa-lé kap gih-tah im-ga̍k ê chok-khek.
Hái-iûⁿ seng-bu̍t-ha̍k

**Hái-iûⁿ seng-bu̍t-ha̍k** sī chi̍t ê seng-bu̍t-ha̍k ha̍k-kho, choan-bûn gián-kiù tī hái-iûⁿ ia̍h sī kî-tha chú-thé teh oa̍h-tāng ê seng-bu̍t.
Norbert Wiener

**Norbert Wiener** (1894 nî 11 goe̍h 26 ji̍t tī Missouri, Bí-kok – 1964 nî 3 goe̍h 18 ji̍t tī Stockholm, Sūi-tián) sī Bí-kok sò͘-ha̍k-ka. I sī Khòng-chè-lūn ê chhòng-sí-jîn.

I tī Bi̍t-so͘ -lí chiu Ko-lûn-pí-a chhut-sì, hū-chhin Lí ò· ûi-la̍p sī pho-lân che̍k iû-thài î-bîn, bó-chhin sī tek kok-che̍k iú-thài-lâng. Lí-ò sī ha-hu̍t-tāi-ha̍k su-lá-hu gí-cho̍k ê káng-su, i ēng i chū chhòng ê ko-ap hong-hoat poê-io̍k lo̍k peh te̍k. pîn i ê thian-hūn koh ka-siōng hū-chhin ê poê-io̍k, i chiâⁿ-choè sîn-tông. 1903 nî, i khai-sí ha̍k-hāu tha̍k-chheh; 1906 nî (12-hoè) , ko-tiong pit-gia̍p, tâng-nî 9-ge̍h ji̍p to̍k thah hu-si ha̍k-īⁿ siu-tāu sò͘-ha̍k; 1909 nî (15-hoè) sî i í chhú-tit ha̍k-sū ha̍k-ūi, ji̍p to̍k ha-hu̍t-tāi-ha̍k gián-kiù tōng-bu̍t-ha̍k. chi̍t nî liáu-āu i óng khang tùi-án-ne ní tāi-ha̍k tńg-tiō tiat-ha̍k. 1912 nî, 18-hoè ê i chhú-tit sò͘-lí lô-chip ê phok-sū ha̍k-ūi. 

I kàau Eng-kok Kiàm-kiô toè Lô-sò͘, Ha-tāi ha̍k-si̍p, 1914 nî koh tio̍h tek-kok ko têng-kun kap Toā-oē ·Hi-ní-peh-te̍k kap Ia-tek-bông ·Lân tō. liáu-āu i tńg lâi-kàu kiàm-kiô, koh chài tńg lâi-kàu bí-kok. 1915 kau 16 nî, i tī ha-hu̍t kàu-siū tiat-ha̍k, kî liáu-āu ūi thong-iōng tiān-khì kap toā bí pah kho choân chheh kang-chok. Chiàn-cheng kî-kan teh bé lí lân chiu a-peh teng chhì-giām-tiûⁿ chǹg géng tân-tō ha̍k. Chiàn-āu i tī moâ séng lí kong kàu-siū sò͘-ha̍k. I káng-khò ki-khiáu ok-loat, siông-siông nāu chhiò-oē he̍k-sim bô tī teh-iân. 

Teh Bâ-séng-lí-kong jīm-kàu sî, i put-sî kàu au-chiu. 1926 nî kap chi̍t e5 tek-kok î-bîn kiat-hun. In-ū-nn̄g ê cha-bó͘-kiáⁿ. I chú-iàu tī ko têng-kun kap kiàm-kiô, gián-kiù pò͘-lang ūn-tōng, hū li̍p ia̍p piàn-oāⁿ, tiāu kap hun-sek, te̍k lī khek lûi būn-tê kap Tauber hêng tēng-lí tán. 

Jī-chiàn sî, i tī chhiuⁿ-phàu khòng-chè hong-bīn kang-chok, ín-hoat liáu i tùi thong-sìn lí-lūn ê hèng-chhù, chhiok-sêng liáu khòng-chè lūn ê tàn-seng. Chiàn liáu-āu hoat-seng liáu chi̍t-kiāⁿ koài-sū. i iau-chhiáⁿ liáu jîn-kang tì-hūi, tiān-náu kho-ha̍k kap sîn-keng sim-lí-ha̍k ê siàu-liân ha̍k-chiá kah-moâ séng lí kong. tng-chit-phe ha̍k-chiá lâi kàu-sî, i khah tu̍t-jiân toān-choa̍t só͘-ū lâi-óng. chit khó-lêng iû i ê sîn-keng chit sèng-keh ín-khí. i ê chhù cho̍k-tiong pau-koat sió-tī tán, ū giâm-tiōng ê cheng-sîn hun-lia̍t chèng pīⁿ-sú, á ûi la̍p pún-sin chiah ū-tāng tō͘ ê kīn-sī(teh-bâ séng lí kong jīm-kàu sî, chha-put-to tit-ēng-chhiú-bong-tio̍h chhiûⁿ-piah kiâⁿ-lō͘)kap giâm-tiōng ê sò ut-chèng. sò chèng hoat-choh sî, i hong kông sāi ê cháu piàn hāu-hn̂g, ǹg pa̍t-lâng soan-thoân i ê hoat-hiān. Á ut-chèng chèng-chōng sán-seng sî, i chek-kúi nā pái-hiòng-moâ séng ê tông-sū lia̍t bûn sim soat-bêng ka-kī ê chū-sat liām-thâu. 

Jī-chiàn chi-āu, i tùi kho-ha̍k gián-kiù ê chèng-tī éng-hióng kap kho-ha̍k ê kun-sū iōng-tô͘ koh khah koan-chù. i kū-choa̍t ūi kun-sū ki-hâi kang-chok. 

1964 nî i tī sūi-tián su tek ko ní mô óng-seng.
Large Hadron Collider

**Large Hadron Collider** (**LHC**) sī sè-kài siāng toā, sú-iōng lêng-liōng siāng koân ê lia̍p-chú ka-sok-khì, kiàn-li̍p-chiá sī Au-chiu ê he̍k-chú gián-kiù tan-ūi CERN kap kok-chè-siōng ê ha̍p-chok-chiá.

## Hiòng-goā liân-kiat
* LHC Koaⁿ-hong báng
Tē 3 hō Kau-hiáng-khek (Brahms)

**Tē 3 hō Kau-hiáng-khek F toā-tiāu chok-phín 90 hō** (Tek-gí: *3. Sinfonie F-Dur op. 90*), sī Johannes Brahms tī 1883 nî ê kau-hiáng-khek chok-phín. Hō Vienna Philharmonic Koán-hiân-ga̍k-thoân tī 1883 nî 12 goe̍h chò siú-ián.
Johannesburg

**Johannesburg** sī Lâm-hui-kok ê tē-it toā siâⁿ-chhī, mā-sī hit kok Gauteng Séng ê séng-hú, jîn-kháu tāi-iok 388 bān.
Philip Johnson

**Philip Cortelyou Johnson** () sī Bí-kok ê kiàn-tio̍k-su, 1979 nî ê Pritzker Chióng ti̍t-chióng-jîn.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok kiàn-tio̍k-su
Lūi-pia̍t:Pritzker Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
James Stirling

thumb|James Stirling
**Sir James Frazer Stirling** () sī Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok ê kiàn-tio̍k-su, 1981 nî ê Pritzker Chióng ti̍t-chióng-jîn.

Lūi-pia̍t:Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok kiàn-tio̍k-su
Lūi-pia̍t:Pritzker Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Kevin Roche

**Kevin Roche** (1922 nî 6 goe̍h 14 ji̍t chhut-sì) sī Bí-kok ê kiàn-tio̍k-su, 1982 nî ê Pritzker Chióng ti̍t-chióng-jîn.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok kiàn-tio̍k-su
Lūi-pia̍t:Pritzker Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Hans Hollein

**Hans Hollein** (1934 nî 10 goe̍h 12 ji̍t chhut-sì) sī Tang-kok ê kiàn-tio̍k-su, 1985 nî ê Pritzker Chióng ti̍t-chióng-jîn.

Lūi-pia̍t:Tang-kok kiàn-tio̍k-su
Lūi-pia̍t:Pritzker Chióng tit-chióng-jîn