open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Kiōng-tông-thé-chú-gī

**Kiōng-tông-thé-chú-gī** (eng. *communitarianism*; ji̍t. 共同体主義) sī chi̍t khoán tiat-ha̍k, koan-tiōng kò-thé (*individual*) kap kiōng-tông-thé (*community*) ê liân-kiat. Chú-gī ê ki-chhó͘ sī chú-tiuⁿ kò-jîn ê siā-hōe jīn-tông kap jîn-keh sī tōa-hūn siū tio̍h kiōng-tông-thé koan-hē ê chù-chō.
Stanford Tiat-ha̍k Pek-kho-choân-su

***Tiat-ha̍k Pek-kho-choân-su*** (Eng-gí: *Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy*) sī chi̍t pō͘ sòaⁿ-téng pek-kho-choân-su kiam tông-jîn chhâ-khó (*peer reviewed*) khan-bu̍t, thang keng-kòe Internet bián-hùi sú-iōng. Chú-chhî-chiá sī Stanford Tāi-ha̍k. Pek-kho ê bûn-chiuⁿ sī gián-kiù hun-iá ê chan-ka siá--ê.
Bîn-cho̍k-chú-gī

**Bîn-cho̍k-chú-gī** (Eng-gí: *nationalism* "") ū chē khoán hêng-sek, pún koan-liām siōng-bô hâm nn̄g tiám hong-bīn ê lūn-tê. Tē-it tiám sī chi̍t-ê bîn-cho̍k (*nation*) ê sêng-oân tùi in bîn-cho̍k jīn-tông ê koan-sim; chit-ê lūn-tê, koan-hē tio̍h hit-ê bîn-cho̍k ê khài-liām, koat-tēng bîn-cho̍k ê hong-sek thang hâm kiōng-tông ê lâi-goân, cho̍k-kûn, bûn-hòa liân-tòa, koh ū bîn-cho̍k sin-hūn ê chū-goān ia̍h hui chū-goān būn-tê. Nā tē-jī tiám, sī hit-ê bîn-cho̍k beh kiû ta̍t-sêng ia̍h sī pó-chhî chū-koat (*self-determination*) ê hêng-tōng; nā chit hāng lūn-tê, sī koan-hē tio̍h chū-koat sī beh keng-kòe oân-choân ê kiàn-kok lâi ta̍t-sêng lāi-gōa ê tī-lí, he̍k-chiá sī si̍t-hêng thêng-tō͘ khah kē ê hong-hoat.

## Tùi bîn-cho̍k-chú-gī ê hun-lūi
### Hun kó͘-tián kap khoah-khǹg ê ì-sù
Kó͘-tián bîn-cho̍k-chú-gī (*classical nationalism*) sī chi̍t khoán chèng-tī chú-tiuⁿ, jīn-ûi chi̍t-ê cho̍k-kûn bîn-cho̍k chi̍p-thoân (*ethno-national group*), ia̍h sī tiāⁿ kóng "jîn-bîn" (*people*) he̍k-chiá "bîn-cho̍k", ū chek-jīm ài chhòng-chō kap pó-chhî sio̍k in ka-tī ê oân-choân chú-khoân kok-ka.

Nā sī khoah-khǹg ì-bī ê bîn-cho̍k-chú-gī (*nationalism in a wider sense*), sī kok khoán kā ki-pún ê chèng-tī, tō-tek, bûn-hòa kè-ta̍t kau-hù hō͘ bîn-cho̍k kap bîn-cho̍k-sèng (*nationality*) ê hêng-tōng, jî-chhiá sán-seng chhut bîn-cho̍k sêng-oân tùi chia kè-ta̍t ê gī-bū. Ta̍k khoán khoah-khǹg ì-bī ê bîn-cho̍k-chú-gī, ū ke-kiám bô-kâng ê bîn-cho̍k koan-liām.

### Hun kong-bîn kap cho̍k-kûn-sek
Bîn-cho̍k-chú-gī ē-tàng pun chò nn̄g khoán, chi̍t khoán sī Se Au-chiu sek ê kong-bîn bîn-cho̍k-chú-gī (*civic nationalism*), i-ê pōe-kéng sī Khé-bông kap Hoat-kok Kek-bēng ín chhut ê chèng-tī-sèng, bîn-chú-sek, lí-sèng-sek, kiam  kó͘-tián-sek ê kè-ta̍t. Lēng-gōa chi̍t khoán, sī Tang Au-chiu sek ê cho̍k-kûn bîn-cho̍k-chú-gī (*ethnic nationalism*), sī goân-khí chū Lô-bān-chú-gī ín chhut ê thoân-thóng-chú-gī, sîn-bi̍t-chú-gī (*mysticism*), le̍k-sú-chú-gī, kap bîn-sio̍k-chú-gī (*folklorism*).

### Hun chèng-tī kap bûn-hòa-sek
Mā ū chi̍t khoán khu-hun sī pun chò chèng-tī-sèng kap bûn-hòa-sèng ê bîn-cho̍k-chú-gī. Chèng-tī-sèng sī ài beh chi̍t-ê ka-tī ê kok-ka. Nā bûn-hòa-sèng sī beh ài thiàⁿ-sioh him-sióng in kiōng-tông ê giân-gí kap thoân-thóng.

## Chham-chiàu
Islam-chú-gī

**Islam-chú-gī** chit jī ū chē khoán ì-sù, ē-tàng chí kok khoán chú-tiuⁿ chiàu Islam goân-chek lâi ín-chhōa kong-chiòng kap chèng-tī seng-oa̍h ê siā-hōe kap chèng-tī ūn-tōng; mā ē-tàng chí goân-choân si̍t-hêng sharia lu̍t-hoat ê ūn-tōng.
Ia̍p-le̍k-sò͘

**Ia̍p-le̍k-sò͘** (Eng-gí: *chlorophyll*) sī chē khoán le̍k-sek ê sek-sò͘, chhut-hiān tī nâ-sè-khún, koh ū chó-lūi kap si̍t-bu̍t thé-lāi ê ia̍p-le̍k-thé lāi-bīn.
Kim-sek

**Kim-sek** (金色) sī kim-á ê sek-tī, tû-liáu chhái-sek ê sèng-chit, "kim" tiāⁿ sī kóng te̍k-pia̍t tòa kim-sio̍k khoán hoán-kng ê sek.
Pho-tn̂g

**Pho-tn̂g** (Eng-gí: *wavelength*) tī bu̍t-lí-ha̍k siōng, sī chiàⁿ-hiân-pho pho-tōng ê khong-kan chiu-kî, iā tiō sī pho-tōng hêng-thé têng-ho̍k ê hn̄g-kīn (*distance*).
Pho-tōng

Tī bu̍t-lí-ha̍k, chi̍t-ê **pho-tōng** (Eng-gí: *wave*), sī kóng chi̍t hāng kiáu-jiáu, i thang keng-kòe bu̍t-chit ia̍h khong-kan, tī m̄-bián ia̍h chió-liōng chit-liōng ūn-sàng ê chêng-hêng thoân-sàng lêng-liōng. Pho-tōng sī bu̍t-lí kài-chit ia̍h tiûⁿ (*field*) ùi siong-tùi kò͘-tēng ūi-tì ê lō͘-nì-hi̍t (*oscillation*) ia̍h sih-chùn (*vibration*).
Kńg-chiu Tē-thih 3-hō Sòaⁿ

**Kńg-chiu Tē-thih 3-hō Sòaⁿ** (广州地铁3号线) sī ùi  kàu  tiong-kan ê lō͘-toāⁿ, iû Kńg-chiu Tē-thih keng-êng ê thih-lō͘ kàn-soàⁿ. 
## Chhia-chām
Tokelau-gí

**Tokelau-gí** sī Tokelau ê koan-hong gí-giân chi it. Tokelau-gí in chú-iàu toà-tī Tokelau tó téng-kôan.
Tâi-oân chú-thé ì-sek

**Tâi-oân chú-thé ì-sek** sī Tâi-oân
ê chi̍t chióng chèng-tī kap bûn-hòa ê lūn-su̍t, koh tī 1990 nî-tāi Tâi-oân bîn-chú-hòa liáu-āu chiâⁿ-chò chú-liû su-sióng chi it. Chit-ê lūn-su̍t ê chi-chhî-chiá hi-bāng ē-tàng thàu-kòe jīn-tông í Tâi-oân ûi tiong-sim ê su-khó, to-goân bûn-hòa su-sióng kap Tâi-oân bîn-cho̍k-chú-gī ê le̍k-liōng lâi tu̍t-phòa Tiong-kok-tiong-sim-chú-gī, Tiong-hôa-bîn-cho̍k-chú-gī ia̍h Tōa-hàn-cho̍k-chú-gī, kiàn-li̍p Tâi-oân chū-sin ê to̍k-li̍p chè-tō͘ kap bûn-hòa jīn-tông.

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân bûn-hòa
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân to̍k-li̍p ūn-tōng
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê chèng-tī
Tē-hng hun-koân

**Tē-hng hun-koân** (地方分權) sī kok-ka ê koân-le̍k i-hoat iû tiong-iong chèng-hú kap tē-hng chèng-hú hun-pia̍t
hêng-sú ê chè-tō͘.
Hêng-chèng-khu

**Hêng-chèng-khu** sī kok-ka tùi kéng-lāi chìn-hêng ê hêng-chèng hun-khu. Kok-kok ê hêng-chèng-khu, in-ūi kok-chêng bô-kāng, miâ-chheng kap hun-chân iā bô-sio-siāng.
Hái-kun Chó-iâⁿ Ki-tē

**Hái-kun Chó-iâⁿ Ki-tē** (海軍左營基地) sī
Tâi-oân Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Hái-kun lām-théng kap lio̍k-tē tan-ūi ê chú-iàu chù-tē, ūi-tī Ko-hiông ê Chó-iâⁿ. Che sī Tâi-oân tē-it tōa hái-kun ki-tē, í Chó-iâⁿ-káng chò chú-thé, hun chò chē-chē ê iâⁿ-khu.

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê kun-sū siat-si
Han Solo

**Han Solo** sī Star Wars hē-lia̍t lāi-bīn ê kak-sek. Tī goân tiān-iáⁿ sam-pō͘-chok lāi-bīn, i kap Chewbacca chò-hóe sái thài-khong-chûn, chham-ka Hoán-khòng Tông-bêng (*Rebel Alliance*) tùi Gîn-hô Tè-kok (*Galactic Empire*) ê tùi-khòng.
Sam-pō͘-chok

**Sam-pō͘-chok** (eng. *trilogy*; ji̍t. 三部作) sī chi̍t khoán saⁿ-ê sio khan-liân ê gē-su̍t chok-phín ê cho͘-ha̍p, tang-tiong kò-pia̍t ta̍k hūn chok-phín, koh ē-tàng tòng chò tan-to̍k--ê. Chi̍t khoán chhòng-chok tī bûn-ha̍k, tiān-iáⁿ, tiān-náu iû-hì khah tiāⁿ chhut-hiān.
Hêng-chhun Poàn-tó

**Hêng-chhun Poàn-tó** (恆春半島) sī Tâi-oân ê chi̍t ê poàn-tó, ūi-tī Tâi-oân siāng lâm-pêng ê Pîn-tong-koān.

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê poàn-tó
Ka-lé Hoe

***Ka-lé Hoe*** (傀儡花) sī Tâi-oân i-seng chok-ka Tân Iāu-chhiong ê chi̍t phō tn̂g-phiⁿ le̍k-sú sió-soat.

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê siáu-soat
Motto

***Motto*** sī chi̍t khoán kek-giân, sī chi̍t kù piáu-hiān lâng ǹg-bāng ia̍h cheng-sîn ê ōe. *Motto* kap *[[slogan]]* ê chha-pia̍t, chú-iàu sī ēng khah bûn-giân ê khùi-kháu, tiāⁿ hoán-èng kú-tn̂g ê thoân-thóng ia̍h sī te̍k-sû ê sū-kiāⁿ. Tùi se-iûⁿ lâi kóng, Latin-gí sī siāng phó͘-phiàn ēng lâi siá motto ê giân-gí.
Lîm Goa̍t-hûn

**Lîm Goa̍t-hûn** (林月雲; 1915 nî 9 goe̍h 8 ji̍t – 1992 nî) sī Tâi-oân ê ūn-tōng-oân, pat tī tē-7-hôe ê Bêng-tī Sîn-kiong Kēng-ki Tāi-hōe (明治神宮競技大会) tit tio̍h sam-kip thiàu-hn̄g thâu-miâ.
Slogan

***Slogan*** sī chi̍t khoán phiau-gí, ēng lâi piáu-ta̍t chi̍t-ê siūⁿ-hoat ia̍h sī bo̍k-phiau, hō͘ thoân-thé ê sêng-oân thang chiàu-chò.

Lūi-pia̍t:Kháu-hō
Fallah

**Fallah** (, *fallāḥ*; ho̍k-sò͘: , *fallāḥīn*; ) sī chi̍t khoán tùi Tiong-tang ia̍h Pak-hui tē-hng choh-sit-lâng ê chheng-ho͘. Goân-té ê ì-sù sī A-la-pek gí "lê-chhân ê lâng" ê ì-sù.
Slogan (bûn-chiong-ha̍k)

***Slogan*** tī So͘-kat-lân bûn-chiong-ha̍k sī chò bûn-chiong-ha̍k piau-gí (*heraldic motto*) ia̍h tē-jī piau-gí (*secondary motto*) ê chok-iōng. It-poaⁿ slogan tī pîn-pâi-chiong lāi-bīn siá tī pí *[[crest]]* khah téng-koân ê só͘-chāi, chóng-sī mā ū-sî siá tī pîn-pâi ê ē-té-pêng, to̍h sī tē-jī piau-gí ê ūi.

Slogan chit jī, siōng-bô tī 1513 nî chhut-hiān, chá-chêng mā ū *slogorn* chi̍t khoán siá-hoat, sī So͘-kat-lân Gael-gí *sluagh-ghairm* hit jī ê Angle-hòa.
Be̍k-se-ko ê Kok-chiong

**Be̍k-se-ko ê Kok-chiong** (*Escudo Nacional de México*) sī tāi-piáu Be̍k-se-ko ê siōng-cheng-bu̍t. Chit thò pîn-pâi-chiong sī ōe chiūⁿ chi̍t chiah Be̍k-se-ko ê kim-eng-chiáu, i khiā tī chi̍t châng sian-jîn-chióng téng-bīn, kha chhùi lia̍h chi̍t chiah hiáng-bóe-chôa.

## Tenochtitlan ê thoân-soat
Pún chiong ê iân-khí sī Tenochtitlan (āu--lâi ê Be̍k-se-ko Chhī) khai-ki ê thoân-soat.

Lūi-pia̍t:Kok-chiong
Kńg-chiu Tē-thih 5-hō Sòaⁿ

**Kńg-chiu Tē-thih 5-hō Sòaⁿ** (广州地铁5号线) sī ùi  kàu  tiong-kan ê lō͘-toāⁿ, iû Kńg-chiu Tē-thih keng-êng ê thih-lō͘ kàn-soàⁿ. 
## Chhia-chām
Tē-la̍k Tóng-phài Hē-thóng

**Tē-la̍k Tóng-phài Hē-thóng** (Eng-gí: *Sixth Party System*) sī chi̍t khoán tùi Bí-kok hiān-chú-sî choân-kok-sèng chèng-tī chōng-hóng ê kóng-hoat. Tng siū gī-lūn ê būn-tê, sī Tē-gō͘ Tóng-phài Hē-thóng sī-m̄-sī koh tī--leh. Tē-la̍k Hē-thóng khai-sí ê sî-kang, ha̍k-kài ê khòaⁿ-hoat chē khoán, tùi 1960 nî-tāi kàu 1990 nî-tāi lóng ū.

Pún hē-thóng chòe chú-iàu ê te̍k-sek, sī soán-kí ê tông-bêng koan-hē kiâⁿ chhut liáu Sin Tùi-chhek (*New Deal*) sî-kî ê Tē-gō͘ Tóng-phài Hē-thóng. Ia̍h tiō sī Kiōng-hô-thóng chiâⁿ chò lâm-pō͘, chháu-tē, kap chhī-gōa tē-hng ê chú-iàu chèng-tóng, jî-chhiá Bîn-chú-tóng khai-sí kap Hui-chiu-hē Bí-kok-lâng, Latino, kap pe̍h-lâng to͘-chhī chìn-pō͘-phài kiat-bêng. 

Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok ê chèng-tī
Chiân-hûi-khì Sin-chio̍h-khì A

**Chiân-hûi-khì Sin-chio̍h-khì A** (Eng-gí: *Pre-Pottery Neolithic A*; **PPNA**) sī Levant kap Anatolia tē-hng ê Sin-chio̍h-khì bûn-hòa, sî-kan sī iok 11,500 – iok 10,000 nî chêng. In ê khó-kó͘ ûi-chek tī Levant kap Téng Mesopotamia tē-khu.
Pûi-thó͘ Ge̍h-bâi

**Pûi-thó͘ Ge̍h-bâi** (Eng-gí: *Fertile Crescent*) sī chá-kî jîn-lūi bûn-bêng kap lông-gia̍p hoat-ta̍t ê ge̍h-bâi-hêng tē-khu, tang-tiong hâm Nî-lô-hô, kap Euphrates Hô kiam Tigris Hô keng-kòe ê só͘-chāi.
Tincture

***Tincture*** ì-sù sī bûn-chiong-ha̍k leh ēng ê chi̍t thò sek-tī kiam hoe-chháu. Kok khoán *Tincture* ê koat-tēng, biô-siá, kap kì-su̍t (*[[blazon]]*), sī bûn-chiong-ha̍k siat-kè kap gē-su̍t tang-tiong tiōng-iàu ê pō͘-hūn.
Kńg-chiu Tē-thih 7-hō Sòaⁿ

**Kńg-chiu Tē-thih 7-hō Sòaⁿ** (广州地铁7号线) sī ùi Kńg-chiu Lâm-chām kàu  tiong-kan ê lō͘-toāⁿ, iû Kńg-chiu Tē-thih keng-êng ê thih-lō͘ kàn-soàⁿ. 
## Chhia-chām
Kok-thó͘ Kau-thong Séng

**Kok-thó͘ Kau-thong Séng** (国土交通省; Eng-gí: *Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism* "Thó͘-tē, Ki-té-kò͘-chō, Kau-thong kap Koan-kong Pō͘") sī Ji̍t-pún ê hêng-chèng ki-koan chi it. In choan-bûn tī kok-thó͘ ê lī-ēng, khai-hoat, pó-choân, kau-thong chèng-chhek, khì-siōng, hái-siōng an-choân téng hong-bīn ê gia̍p-bū.
Yatauyungana

**Yatauyungana**, chiàu sin-sek ê chiàⁿ-jī-hoat siá **Yata'uyongana**, sī Tâi-oân Tsou-cho̍k lâng ê sī-cho̍k chi it, in sio̍k Tfuya siā chi̍t hūn-chú.

## Jîn-bu̍t
* Kikuko Yatauyungana
* Paicx Yatauyungana
* Uyongu Yatauyungana

## Chham-chiàu
Su-pò͘-chuh Thiaⁿ

**Su-pò͘-chuh Thiaⁿ** (Ji̍t-gí: スポーツ庁) sī Ji̍t-pún chèng-hú Bûn-pō͘ Kho-ha̍k Séng ê gōa-kio̍k (外局; chhù-lí choan-bûn sū-bū ê ki-koan), 2015 nî 10 goe̍h 1 ji̍t siat-tì. Pún ki-koan choan-bûn tī su-pò͘-chuh ê chìn-heng kap kî-tha koan-liân chèng-chhek ê si-hêng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Ji̍t-pún chèng-hú
Lūi-pia̍t:Su-pò͘-chuh
Bûn-pō͘ Kho-ha̍k Séng

**Bûn-pō͘ Kho-ha̍k Séng** (文部科学省; Eng-gí: *Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology* "Kàu-io̍k, Bûn-hòa, Su-pó͘-chuh, Kho-ha̍k kap Ki-su̍t Pō͘") sī Ji̍t-pún ê hêng-chèng ki-koan chi it.

In choan-bûn tī kàu-io̍k, ha̍k-su̍t, su-pó͘-chuh, bûn-hòa, kho-ha̍k kiam ki-su̍t ê koan-hē gia̍p-bū.
Ji̍t-pún Chhiah-kun

**Ji̍t-pún Chhiah-kun** ( *nihon-sekigun*) sī 1971 nî kàu 2001 nî kan chûn-chāi ê Ji̍t-pún Sin Chó-phài thoân-thé kiam bú-chong chi̍p-thoân. I tī Ji̍t-pún kap sè-kài si̍t-hêng kek-bēng oa̍h-tāng, chū 1970 kàu 1980 nî kan hoat-tōng chē pái bú-chong oa̍h-tāng.
Tho͘-lá-kuh

**Tho͘-lá-kuh** (; ), **khah-chhia**, ia̍h **hòe-chhia** sī chi̍t khoán tōng-le̍k-chhia, choan-bûn siat-kè beh chài-hòe.

## Chham-chiàu
Hòe-chhiá

**Hòe-chhia** khó-lêng ê ì-sù ū:

* Tho͘-lá-kuh
* Chài-hòe hóe-chhiá
* Jîn-hô ēng beh sàng-hòe ê chhia.
Lam-má-khóng chhia

**Lam-má-khóng chhia** sī chi̍t khoán tàu lam-á-khóng ki-hâi ê tho͘-lá-kuh, choan-bûn siat-kè leh chài khong-kuh-lih.
Kò͘-bé-le̍k

**Kò͘-bé-le̍k** (Eng-gí: *purchasing power*) sī bí chi̍t tan-ūi ê thong-hòe thang kò͘-bé ê châi-hòe kap ho̍k-bū ê sò͘-liōng, phín-chit he̍k-chiá kè-ta̍t.
Kò͘-bé

:*Chia ké-soeh seng-lí kap cho͘-chit ê kò͘-bé, chit jī mā ū phó͘-thong kò-jîn [[bé-bē|bé]] mi̍h-kiāⁿ ê ì-sù.*

Seng-lí ia̍h cho͘-chit ê **kò͘-bé** khang-khòe, sī ūi tio̍h beh tit tio̍h châi-hòe ia̍h ho̍k-bū, lâi ta̍t sêng in ê bo̍k-phiau. Tī bô-kâng ê cho͘-chit, kò͘-bé ê chhiú-sio̍k sī ke-kiám bô-kâng.

## Koan-liân
* Kò͘-bé cho͘-ha̍p
Bé-bē

**Bé-bē** ia̍h **bóe-bōe** sī bē-hong kā mi̍h-kiāⁿ ê châi-sán-khoân î-choán kòe bé-hong ê kòe-têng.

## Koan-liân
* Bō͘-e̍k
* Kau-ōaⁿ

Lūi-pia̍t:Siong-gia̍p
Liân-pang (Lâm-pak Chiàn-cheng)

Bí-kok Lōe-chiàn tang-tiong ê chi̍t pêng sè-le̍k, **Liân-pang** (Eng-gí: *Union*), tiō sī America Ha̍p-chiòng-kok (Bí-kok), chit jī te̍k-pia̍t sī kóng chóng-thóng Abraham Lincoln chhōa-thâu ê choân-kok chèng-hú, 20-ê chū-iû chiu (*free chiu*), kap 4-ê pian-kài chiu (*border state*) kiam  lô͘-lē chiu (*slave state*, ū-ê chèng-hú hun-thiah, siang-pêng lóng ū sè-le̍k).

Kap Liân-pang tùi-li̍p--ê sī 11-ê lâm-hng ê lô͘-lē-chiu (nā chiàu Lâm-hng khòaⁿ-hoat sī 13 chiu), in cho͘-sêng America Pang-liân-kok, thang kiò "Pang-liân".
Kńg-chiu Tē-thih 8-hō Sòaⁿ

**Kńg-chiu Tē-thih 8-hō Sòaⁿ** (广州地铁8号线) sī ùi  kàu  tiong-kan ê lō͘-toāⁿ, iû Kńg-chiu Tē-thih keng-êng ê thih-lō͘ kàn-soàⁿ. 
## Chhia-chām
Chúi-lêng-chhia

**Chúi-lêng-chhia**, ma hō chò **siau-hông-chhia**, **phah-hóe-chhia**, ia̍h **kiù-hóe-chhia**, sī choan-bûn siat-kè beh phah-hóe ê chhia. Siau-hông ki-koan ia̍h ho̍k-bú-chiá it-poaⁿ ū chē khoán bô-kâng lō͘-iōng ê siau-hông chhia-liōng, ū-ê chú-iàu sī kiù-lâng ê chok-iōng.

Hiān-chú-sî chúi-lêng-chhia it-poaⁿ sī tho͘-lá-kuh hêng-sek.

Lūi-pia̍t:Chhia
Bí-hún-chhia

**Bí-hún-chhia** sī chè-chō bí-hún ê chi̍t hāng khì-kū, thang kā chìn-chêng bí lap ê poàn-sêng-phín keng-kòe bí-hún-tháng pun chò iù-si. 

## Chham-chiàu
* 
*
Kńg-chiu Tē-thih 13-hō Sòaⁿ

**Kńg-chiu Tē-thih 13-hō Sòaⁿ** (广州地铁13号线) sī ùi  kàu  tiong-kan ê lō͘-toāⁿ, iû Kńg-chiu Tē-thih keng-êng ê thih-lō͘ kàn-soàⁿ. 
## Chhia-chām
Hòng-sàng (bāng-lō͘)

Ùi tiān-náu bāng-lō͘, tiān-sìn kap chu-sìn lí-lūn, **hòng-sàng** (Eng-gí: *broadcasting*) sī choán sàng sìn-sek khì hō͘ choân-pō͘ chiap-siu-chiá ê kok khoán hong-hoat.
Chiok-sū kǹg-khîm

**Chiok-sū kǹg-khîm** sī kǹg-khîm-ka ián-chàu chiok-sū-ga̍k sî só͘ èng-iōng ê kok-chióng chhiú-lō͘.
Lāi-tiâⁿ

**Lāi-tiâⁿ** (內埕) sī khì hō͘ kiàn-tio̍k-bu̍t kho͘ khí-lâi ê khàng-tē. Lāi-tiâⁿ khó-lêng sī kóng-tiûⁿ, hoe-hn̂g, kiû-po͘ ia̍h sì-ha̍p-īⁿ tiong-kan ê khàng-tē.

Lūi-pia̍t:Siat-kè
Kiàn-tio̍k siat-kè

縮圖|Kiàn-tio̍k siat-kè
**Kiàn-tio̍k siat-kè** () sī ūi-tio̍h beh boán-chiok te̍k-tēng kiàn-tio̍k-bu̍t ê kiàn-chō bo̍k-tek só͘ chìn-hêng ê siat-kè.
Chek-heng ián-chàu

**Chek-heng ián-chàu** (即興演奏) sī tī ián-chàu im-ga̍k ê tông-sî mā chek-sî chham-ú chhòng-chok. Ián-chàu-chiá ē-tàng i-kì ia̍h bô i-kì ga̍k-phó͘, tī ián-chàu ê tông-sî ka-ji̍p ka-kī ê chhòng-ì, he̍k-chiá thàu-kòe hām kî-thaⁿ ián-chàu-chiá hō͘-tōng pēng chek-sî chò chhut hôe-èng. Tī chiok-sū-ga̍k lāi hui-siông chia̍p-khoàiⁿ.
Tâi-oân Pho̍k-tek Ian-hóe Tu-sek Hōe-siā

**Tâi-oân Pho̍k-tek Ian-hóe Tu-sek Hōe-siā** (臺灣爆竹煙火株式會社) sī Tâi-oân Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi ê chi̍t keng hōe-siā, pún-siā tī Tâi-pak-chhī Hô-ha̍p-teng (河合町), 1916 nî 6 goe̍h siat-li̍p, chú-iàu ê sū-gia̍p sī pho̍k-tek ê chè-chō, hoàn-bē kiam su-chhut î-ji̍p.

## Chham-chiàu
*
Ji̍t-pún Thòaⁿ-sng Tu-sek Hōe-siā

**Ji̍t-pún Thòaⁿ-sng Tu-sek Hōe-siā** (臺灣炭酸株式會社) sī Tâi-oân Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi ê chi̍t keng hōe-siā, pún-siā tī Ko-hiông-chhī Lêng-ngá-liâu, 1933 nî 7 goe̍h siat-li̍p, chú-iàu keng-êng e̍k-hòa thòaⁿ-sng, thòaⁿ-sng-chúi, sng-hòa chio̍h-hoe ê chè-chō kiam hoàn-bē, pûi-liāu ê bé-bē, chè-chō kap hoàn-bē.

## Chham-chiàu
* 

Lūi-pia̍t:Ko-hiông-chhī
Hoàn-bē

**Hoàn-bē** (hoàn-bōe; ji̍t. 販売) sī kā siong-phín **[[bé-bē|bē]]** hō͘ lâng-kheh, he̍k-chiá kóng só͘-iú-khoân î-choán ê hêng-ûi.

## Chham-chiàu

## Siong-koan
* Kò͘-bé
Tong-pang Kim-sio̍k Chè-liān Tu-sek Hōe-siā

**Tong-pang Kim-sio̍k Chè-liān Tu-sek Hōe-siā** (東邦金屬製鍊株式會社) sī Tâi-oân Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi ê chi̍t keng hōe-siā, pún-siā tī Hoa-lian-káng-chhī ê Bí-lūn (米崙), 1938 nî 7 goe̍h siat-li̍p, chú-iàu keng-êng kim-sio̍k chè-liān kiam ka-kang kap hoàn-bē, koh ū goân-liāu khòng-chio̍h ê chhái-ku̍t kap hoàn-bē.

## Jîn-bu̍t
* Akasi Hatutarô, chhú-thè-ia̍h siā-tiúⁿ

## Chham-chiàu
*
Bîn-cho̍k-ha̍k

**Bîn-cho̍k-ha̍k** (Eng-gí: *ethnology*; Hi-lia̍p gí-goân: ἔθνος, *ethnos*, ì-sù bîn-cho̍k, tùi-tâng Eng-gí *[[nation]]*.) sī jîn-lūi-ha̍k ê hun-ki, choan-bûn pí-kàu kap hun-sek bô kâng kûn jîn-bîn ê sèng-chit kap in chi kan ê koan-hē.

## Iōng-gí
18 sè-kí ê ha̍k-chiá Adam Franz Kollár sú-iōng *ethnologia* chit jī, tī i 1783 nî tī Wien chhut-pán ê tì-chok *Historiae ivrisqve pvblici Regni Vngariae amoenitates* pat kā tēng-gī chò "tùi bîn-cho̍k kap jîn-bîn ê kho-ha̍k, ia̍h sī, chhut-o̍h ê lâng sûn-mn̄g chē khoán bîn-cho̍k in khí-goân, giân-gí, koàn-si̍p, chè-tō͘, jî-chhiá tè-bé kiâⁿ ji̍p chó͘-kok kap kó͘-chek, beh tī ka-tī ê sî-kan phòaⁿ-toān hia bîn-cho̍k kap jîn-bîn ê gián-kiù.” Kollár tùi giân-gí-ha̍k kap bûn-hòa to-iūⁿ-sèng ê hèng-chhù koan-hē tio̍h i chhut-sin ê to-cho̍k-kûn to-giân-gí ê Hông-gâ-lī Ông-kok, kap i chū-sin Slovak lâng ê pōe-kéng, koh ū tong-sî Osman Tè-kok soeh-thè sî-tāi Balkan lâng ê piàn-tōng.

## Chham-chiàu
Sòng Tong-iá

**Sòng Tong-iá** (宋冬野; ) sī Tiong-kok Pak-kiaⁿ Hái-tiān-khu chhut-sin ê cha-po͘ koa-chhiú.
Giâu Si̍p-sam

**Giâu Si̍p-sam** (堯十三; ), pún-miâ **Tn̂g Giâu** (唐堯), sī chi̍t ūi Tiong-kok Kùi-chiu-séng chhut-sin ê cha-po͘ koa-chhiú.
Bú-hàn Tāi-ha̍k

**Bú-hàn Tāi-ha̍k** (武漢大學), kán-chheng **Bú-tāi** (武大), sī chi̍t keng ūi-tī Tiong-kok Ô͘-pak-séng Bú-hàn-chhī ê tiong-iong-kip gián-kiù-hêng tāi-ha̍k.
Bú-tek-tiān

**Bú-tek-tiān** (武德殿) it-poaⁿ sī teh kóng Tāi Ji̍t-pún Tè-kok ê Tāi Ji̍t-pún Bú-tek-hōe ūi-tio̍h beh thui-kóng bú-su̍t só͘ khí ê bú-tō-tiûⁿ.

Lūi-pia̍t:Ji̍t-pún bú-su̍t
Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** (中國中央電視台春節聯歡晚會), kán-chheng **Iong-sī Chhun-boán** (央視春晚), sī Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi ūi-tio̍h beh khèng-chiok kū-le̍k sin-nî, ùi 1983 nî khí tī ta̍k-nî ê jī-káu-mê ám-sî kí-pān ê tiān-sī chong-ha̍p boán-hōe. Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi, Tiong-iong Jîn-bîn Kóng-pò͘ Tiān-tâi, Tiong-kok Kok-chè Kóng-pò͘ Tiān-tâi kap kî-thaⁿ choa̍t tōa pō͘-hūn ê Tiong-kok tē-hng tiān-sī-tâi lóng ē hiān-tiûⁿ hòng-sàng chit-ê boán-hōe. Iong-sī Chhun-boán sī Tiong-kok koan-chù-tō͘ siāng koân ê tiān-sī chiat-bo̍k chi it, mā hō͘ Kim-sī Sè-kài Kì-lio̍k jīn-chèng chò sè-kài siōng koan-chiòng jîn-sò͘ siāng chē ê chiat-bo̍k.
1983 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**1983 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-it kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 1983 nî 2 goe̍h 12 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
1984 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**1984 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-jī kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 1984 nî 2 goe̍h 1 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
1985 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**1985 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-saⁿ kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 1985 nî 2 goe̍h 19 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
1989 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**1989 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-chhit kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 1989 nî 2 goe̍h 5 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
1990 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**1990 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-peh kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 1990 nî 1 goe̍h 26 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
Thàm-chhâ-chhia

**Thàm-chhâ-chhia** (eng. *rover* ""; ji̍t. 探査車) sī chi̍t khoán thài-khong thàm-chhâ ūn-su-khì, siat-kè beh tī he̍k-chheⁿ ia̍h kî-tha seng-thé ê piáu-bīn kiâⁿ-sóa. Ū-ê thàm-chhâ-chhia thang chài-lâng, ia̍h ū-ê sī oân-choân he̍k-chiá pō͘-hūn chū-tōng ê *[[robot]]*.
Don Davis

**Don Davis**, goân-miâ **Donald E. Davis** (1852 nî 10 goe̍h 21 chhut-sì) sī chi̍t ūi thài-khong gē-su̍t-ka, i choan-bûn chhòng-chok koan-hē thài-khong ê chok-phín. I pat ūi NASA ōe chin chē tô͘-ōe, hâm hit tang-chūn Gerard O'Neill siat-sióng ê thài-khong si̍t-bîn-tē.

## Liân-kiat
Chhah-tô͘

**Chhah-tô͘** sī ūi chi̍t kóa bûn-jī ia̍h khài-liām só͘ chhòng ê chong-sek, kái-sek, ia̍h sī sī-kak-sèng ê ké-soeh. Chhah-tô͘ siat-kè thang khǹg tī kok khoán mûi-thé tang-tiong.
Chóa-chîⁿ

**Chóa-chîⁿ** (紙錢) sī Tang-a thoân-thóng chè-sū kúi-sîn ia̍h chó͘-sian sî hóe-hòa ê chi̍t chióng chè-sū-phín. Sio chóa-chîⁿ it-poaⁿ sī Tō-kàu ia̍h bîn-kan sìn-gióng ê chong-kàu hong-sio̍k. Chóa-chîⁿ thong-siông ài iōng sio--ê, m̄-koh bōng-chóa m̄-bián.
Si̍p Kīn-pêng Sin Sî-tāi Tiong-kok Te̍k-sek Siā-hōe-chú-gī Su-sióng

**Si̍p Kīn-pêng Sin Sî-tāi Tiong-kok Te̍k-sek Siā-hōe-chú-gī Su-sióng** (), it-poaⁿ kán-chheng **Si̍p Kīn-pêng Su-sióng** (習近平思想) ia̍h **Si̍p Su-sióng** (習思想), sī sî-jīm Tiong-kok Kiōng-sán Tóng Chóng-su-kì Si̍p Kīn-pêng tī 2017 nî 10 goe̍h 18 hō ê Tiong-kiōng 19 Tāi pò-kò tiong thê-chhut ê Má-khek-su-chú-gī Tiong-kok-hòa sin sêng-kó, hŏng kui-tēng chò Tiong-kok Kiōng-sán Tóng pit-su tn̂g-kî kian-chhî ê chí-tō ì-sek-hêng-thài.
Lam Sơn khí-sū

**Lam Sơn khí-sū** (Oa̍t-lâm-gí: *Khởi nghĩa Lam Sơn*/起義藍山) sī chi̍t tiûⁿ hoat-seng tī 1418 nî kàu 1427 nî ê hoán-khòng Tiong-kok Bêng-tiâu thóng-tī ê Oa̍t-lâm-lâng bîn-cho̍k khí-sū.

Lūi-pia̍t:Oa̍t-lâm ê le̍k-sú
Tâi-oân Thong-sú

***Tâi-oân Thong-sú*** (臺灣通史) sī chi̍t phō koan-î Tâi-oân le̍k-sú ê le̍k-sú-chheh, chok-chiá sī Tâi-lâm chhut-sin ê Liân Hêng.
Jīn-sek Tâi-oân

***Jīn-sek Tâi-oân*** (認識臺灣) sī Tâi-oân Kok-li̍p Pian-e̍k Koán pian-choān ê kàu-kho-su, ùi 1997 nî khai-sí tī ha̍k-hāu si̍t-si kàu-ha̍k, hun chò siā-hōe, le̍k-sú kap tē-lí 3 phiⁿ.
Ùi-an-hū

**Ùi-an-hū** (慰安婦) sī Jī-chhù Tāi-chiàn tiong Thài-pêng-iûⁿ Chiàn-cheng
kî-kan, iû Ji̍t-kun úi-thok bîn-kan jîn-le̍k tiōng-kài bō͘-chi̍p ia̍h kiông-chè teng-chi̍p lâi thè Ji̍t-pún kun-tūi thê-kiong sèng-ho̍k-bū ê cha-bó͘-lâng. Tùi-siòng chú-iàu lâi-chū Ji̍t-pún pún-thó͘, Tâi-oân, Tiâu-sián Poàn-tó, Tiong-kok Tāi-lio̍k, Tiong-lâm Poàn-tó; mā ū ùi Au-bí si̍t-bîn-tē lâi ê, chhan-chhiūⁿ Hui-li̍p-pin, Má-lâi-se-a téng-téng.
1991 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**1991 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-káu kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 1991 nî 2 goe̍h 14 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
1992 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**1992 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-cha̍p kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 1992 nî 2 goe̍h 3 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
1993 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**1993 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-cha̍p-it kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 1993 nî 1 goe̍h 22 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
1994 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**1994 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-cha̍p-jī kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 1994 nî 2 goe̍h 9 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
2002 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**2002 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-jī-cha̍p kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 2002 nî 2 goe̍h 11 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
2003 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**2003 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-jī-cha̍p-it kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 2003 nî 1 goe̍h 31 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
2005 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**2005 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-jī-cha̍p-saⁿ kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 2005nî 2 goe̍h 8 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
2008 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**2008 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-jī-cha̍p-la̍k kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 2008 nî 2 goe̍h 6 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
2012 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**2012 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-saⁿ-cha̍p kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 2012 nî 1 goe̍h 22 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
2013 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe

**2013 nî Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** sī tē-sann-cha̍p-it kài Iong-sī Chhun-boán, tī 2013 nî 2 goe̍h 9 hō àm-sî hòng-sàng.
Ji̍t-pún-kun

**Ji̍t-pún-kun** (日本軍), kán-chheng **Ji̍t-kun** (日軍), kóng-gī-siōng sī chí Ji̍t-pún ê kok-ka kun-tūi, m̄-koh thong-siông sī teh kóng Tāi Ji̍t-pún Tè-kok ê kun-tūi, pau-hâm Ji̍t-pún Lio̍k-kun kap Ji̍t-pún Hái-kun, mā hō-chò **Hông-kun** (皇軍), tāi-piáu Thian-hông thóng-léng ê kun-tūi. Ji̍t-pún-kun bô to̍k-li̍p ê khong-kun, lio̍k-kun kap hái-kun ū kok-chū ê khong-tiong bú-le̍k pō͘-tūi.
Stan Lee

**Stan Lee** (goân-miâ **Stanley Martin Lieber**; 1922 nî 12 goe̍h 28 ji̍t – 2018 nî 11 goe̍h 12 ji̍t) sī Bí-kok ê ang-á-chheh chok-chiá, pian-chi̍p, tiān-iáⁿ chip-hêng chè-chok, kiam chhut-pán-chiá. I khah-chá sī Marvel Comics ê chú-pian-chi̍p, āu-bóe koh chò chhut-pán-chiá kap thâu-ke (*chairman*), lî-khui kong-si lâi-āu, oa-ná kè-sio̍k chò bêng-ū thâu-ke, kiam pian-chi̍p úi-oân-hōe sêng-oân.

Kap Jack Kirby, Steve Ditko téng gē-su̍t-ka ha̍p-chok, i chò-hóe chhòng-chō liáu chhan-chhiūⁿ Spider-Man, Hulk, Doctor Strange, Fantastic Four, Daredevil, Black Panther, X-Men téng kak-sek. Lēng-gōa, mā kap Larry Lieber chò-hóe siá chhut Ant-Man, Iron Man kap Thor.
David Hasselhoff

**David Michael Hasselhoff** (1952 nî 7 goe̍h 17 chhut-sì) sī Bí-kok ê ián-oân, koa-chhiú, chè-chok, kiam seng-lí-lâng. I pat poaⁿ kòe *[[Knight Rider]]* lāi-bīn ê Michael Knight, koh ū *[[Baywatch]]* tang-tiong ê Mitch Buchannon téng jîn-bu̍t.
Kok-gí ka-têng

**Kok-gí ka-têng** sī Tâi-oân Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi choân ke lóng kóng Ji̍t-pún-ōe ê ka-têng.
Piau-khái-thé

**Piau-khái-thé** (標楷體) sī Microsoft Windows chok-gia̍p hē-thóng lāi-té ê chi̍t ê Hàn-jī jī-thé.
Adobe

**Adobe** sī Bí-kok chi̍t keng khòa-kok tiān-náu nńg-thé kong-si, chóng-pō͘ ūi-tī California ê San Jose. Adobe chú-iàu chông-sū to-mûi-thé chè-chok lūi-hêng ê nńg-thé khai-hoat, kīn-nî iā khai-sí chò to-iūⁿ-hòa bāng-chè-bāng-lō͘ ê èng-iōng têng-sek khai-hoat.

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
* Adobe, Inc.
*  Adobe: The Story
Adobe Animate

**Adobe Animate** sī Adobe khai-hoat ê chi̍t thò to-mûi-thé chhòng-chok kiam tiān-náu tōng-ōe thêng-sek.

Khah-chá kiò chò **Adobe Flash Professional**, **Macromedia Flash** ia̍h **FutureSplash Animator**.

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
*
Adobe Acrobat

替代文字|縮圖|180x180像素|Adobe Acrobat ê logo
**Adobe Acrobat** sī Adobe khai-hoat lâi chò tiān-chú bûn-su chhú-lí ê nńg-thé; ē-tàng the̍h-lâi tha̍k, siá, koán-lí kap kiōng-hióng PDF bûn-kiāⁿ.

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
*
Adobe Photoshop

**Adobe Photoshop** (**PS**) sī Adobe khai-hoat ê iáⁿ-siòng chhú-lí nńg-thé.

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
*

P
Lūi-pia̍t:Iáⁿ-siōng chhú-lí
Adobe Flash Player

**Adobe Flash Player**, mā kiò **Shockwave Flash**, sī chi̍t chióng pī kóng-hoàn sú-iōng koh choan-iú ê to-mûi-thé thêng-sek hòng-sàng-khì. Chit thò nńg-thé siāng chá sī Macromedia khai-hoat--ê, lo̍h-bóe iû Adobe pèng-kò͘, chiap-sio̍k khai-hoat.

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
*

Lūi-pia̍t:Bián-hùi nńg-thé
Kan-ta Eng-gí ūn-tōng

**Kan-ta Eng-gí ūn-tōng** (Eng-gí: *English-only movement*) kóng ê sī Bí-kok chèng-hú ēng koaⁿ-hong chhiau-chok ê hong-sek lâi thong-kòe Eng-gí chò-ûi ûi-it koaⁿ-hong gí-giân ê chèng-tī ūn-tōng.
Tek-gí chiàⁿ-jī-hoat

**Tek-gí chiàⁿ-jī-hoat** (Tek-gí: *Deutsche Rechtschreibung*) sī chi̍t thò chí-tō Tek-gí su-siá ê kui-chek.

Tek-gí chò-ûi su-biān-gí ê su-siá kui-chek ē-tàng tui-sok kàu Martin Luther hoan-e̍k Tek-gí pán-pún ê *[[Sèng-keng]]* khai-sí.

Lūi-pia̍t:Chiàⁿ-jī-hoat
Texas Tek-gí

**Texas Tek-gí** (Tek-gí: *Texasdeutsch*) sī chi̍t chióng Tek-gí ê hong-giân, ùi 19 sè-kí tiong-ia̍p khai-sí iû tēng-ki tī Bí-kok Texas ê Tek-kok î-bîn āu-tāi sú-iōng.

## Tsù-kái

## Guā-pōo liân-kiat
* "All Gut Things" crowdsourcing project 
* Texas German Dialect Project
* 
*
Piau-chún Tek-gí

**Piau-chún Tek-gí** (Tek-gí: *Standarddeutsch*) sī Tek-gí ê piau-chún-gí, chò-ûi su-biān-gí kap bô-kāng hong-giân-khu ê kau-liû-gí sú-iōng.

Kin-kì bô-kāng ê kok-ka, Piau-chún Tek-gí chú-iàu ē-tàng hun chò Tek-kok Piau-chún Tek-gí, Sūi-se Piau-chún Tek-gí kap Ò-tē-lī Piau-chún Tek-gí.
Canada Eng-gí

**Canada Eng-gí** (Eng-gí: *Canadian English*) sī Canada sú-iōng ê Eng-gí hong-giân. Canada Eng-gí ē-ēng khòaⁿ chò sī Bí-kok Eng-gí, Eng-kok Eng-gí kap Québec Hoat-gí ê kiat-ha̍p. Ū chhiau-kòe 2500-bān Khá-ná-tah lâng ē-hiáu kóng Canada Eng-gí, chiàm chóng jîn-kháu ê 85%.
Ui-le̍k-sū Eng-gí

**Ui-le̍k-sū Eng-gí** (Eng-gí: *Welsh English*) sī chú-iàu liû-thong tī Ui-le̍k-sū só͘-chāi ê Eng-gí hong-giân.

Lūi-pia̍t:Ui-le̍k-sū
Boston khiuⁿ

**Boston khiuⁿ** (Eng-gí: *Boston accent*) sī Tang Sin Eng-lân Eng-gí ê Boston khiuⁿ-kháu.

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
* Guide to Boston English
* Glossary of Boston English
* Article on Boston accent
* "So don't I" - a unique grammatical construct
* Boston Slang Dictionary

;Boston khiuⁿ ê lo̍k-im
* 37-year-old female
* 73-year-old male
* Medford City Councilor
* 'Hover & Hear' a Boston accent, and compare with other accents from the US and around the World.

Lūi-pia̍t:Boston ê bûn-hòa
Lūi-pia̍t:Massachusetts ê bûn-hòa
Sin Eng-lân Eng-gí

**Sin Eng-lân Eng-gí** (Eng-gí: *New England English*) sī Sin Eng-lân tē-khu ê Bí-kok Eng-gí hong-giân ia̍h piàn-thé.

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
*
*
*List of shibboleths at Wiktionary

Lūi-pia̍t:Massachusetts ê bûn-hòa
Lūi-pia̍t:New Hampshire ê bûn-hòa
Lūi-pia̍t:Rhode Island ê bûn-hòa
Lūi-pia̍t:Vermont ê bûn-hòa
Lūi-pia̍t:Sin Eng-lân ê bûn-hòa
New York Chhī Eng-gí

**New York Chhī Eng-gí** (Eng-gí: *New York City English*), mā kiò chò **To͘-hōe New York Eng-gí** (*Metropolitan New York English*), sī chi̍t ê Bí-kok Eng-gí hong-giân, tī New York Chhī kap New York to͘-hōe-khu liû-thong.

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
* Varieties of English: New York City phonology  from the University of Arizona's Language Samples Project
* A paper by Labov on dialect diversity, including information on NY dialect phonology
* The New York Latino English Project The site of the New York Latino English project, which studies the native English spoken by New York Latinos.
* A site with samples of speech in various dialects, including New York
* AM New York's feature on the New York accent
*  Demonstration of NYC English raised and tensed /ɔː/, i.e., the THOUGHT vowel in words like 'coffee' and 'sausage.'

Lūi-pia̍t:New York Chhī ê bûn-hòa
Lūi-pia̍t:New Jersey ê bûn-hòa
Lūi-pia̍t:New York ê bûn-hòa
Ko-tē Tek-gí

**Ko-tē Tek-gí** (Tek-gí: *Hochdeutsche Sprachen*) hoàn-chí chit-má ê Piau-chún Tek-gí kap kok-chióng Tek-gí hong-giân.

"Ko-tē" só͘ tāi-piáu ê soann-me̍h sī Tek-kok tiong-lâm-pō͘ kap Alpes Soaⁿ; che sī siong-tùi tāi-piáu Tek-kok pak-pō͘ iân-hái tē-khu ê kē-tē Tek-gí ê kóng-hoat.
Pennsylvania Tek-gí

**Pennsylvania Tek-gí** (*Pennsilfaanisch Deitsch* ia̍h *Pennsylvania Dutch*) sī chi̍t chióng ko-tē Tek-gí; chú-iàu hun-pò͘ tī Bí-kok ê Pennsylvania, Indiana kap Ohio téng chiu. Sú-iōng-chiá tāi-khài ū 15-bān chì 25-bān chó-iū. Só͘-ū Amisch lóng ē-hiáu kóng Pennsylvania Tek-gí.

## Hō-miâ
*Dutch* nā chiàu phó͘-thong hoan-e̍k sī "Hô-lân-ê", chóng nā tī chit-ê lí-lō͘ m̄-sí leh kóng Hô-lâng-lâng. Le̍k-sú-ha̍k-kài it-poaⁿ chiap-siū kóng *Pennsylvania Dutch* chit-ê hō-miâ lāi-bīn ê *Dutch*, sī tùi kâng gí-goân ê *Deitsch* ê bîn-kan tàu-jī.

Koh lēng-gōa chi̍t khoán lí-lūn sī kóng tī khah-chá ê Eng-gí *Dutch* ì-sù iáu bô chhiūⁿ kin-á-ji̍t hiah chheng-chhó, m̄ ka-na kóng Hô-lân-lâng, tian-tó sī ē-tàng piáu-sī kok chióng tùi Au-chiu tāi-lio̍k chhut-sin, kóng Sai German giân-gí ê jîn-kûn.

## Chham-chiàu

## Guā-pōo liân-kiat

**Organizations**
* German Society of Pennsylvania
* The Pennsylvania German Society 
* Deutsch-Pennsylvanischer Arbeitskreis / German-Pennsylvanian Association

**Pennsylvania German**
* Hiwwe wie Driwwe – The Pennsylvania German Newspaper

**Further information**
* Recordings of native speakers
* Pennsylvania German in non-Amish, non-Mennonite communities
* From the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online
* Possible explanations for the confusion of names

Lūi-pia̍t:Pennsylvania ê bûn-hòa
Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok ê giân-gí
Lâm-pō͘ Bí-kok Eng-gí

**Lâm-pō͘ Bí-kok Eng-gí** (*Southern American English*) sī tī Bí-kok Lâm-pō͘ sú-iōng ê Bí-kok Eng-gí hong-giân; chú-iàu tī chi̍t-kóa chng-kha só͘-chāi kap Bí-kok Pe̍h-lâng siā-khu khah chia̍p thiaⁿ tio̍h.

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
*
*
*
*
*

Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok Eng-gí
Lūi-pia̍t:Lâm-pō͘ Bí-kok ê bûn-hòa
Sin-ka-pho Eng-gí

**Sin-ka-pho Eng-gí** (*Singapore English*) sī Sin-ka-pho-lâng sú-iōng ê Eng-gí hong-giân.

## Siong-koan
*Kóng Chèng-khak Eng-gí Ūn-tōng
Bí-kok Pe̍h-lâng

**Bí-kok Pe̍h-lâng** (Eng-gí: *White Americans*) sī chó͘-sian lâi-chū Au-chiu, Tiong-tang kap Pak-hui pe̍h-lâng cho̍k-kûn ê Bí-kok-lâng.

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
*White Population 2000


Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok ê cho̍k-kûn
Pe̍h-lâng

**Pe̍h-lâng** (白儂), he̍k-chiá **pe̍h-sek jîn-chéng** (白色人種), sī chi̍t chióng chiàu lâng phôe-hu ê sek lâi hō-miâ ê jîn-chéng. Pe̍h-lâng phôe-hu ê sek khah chhián. It-poaⁿ kā pe̍h-lâng ûi-chú ê kok-ka kiò chò Se-iûⁿ. Tī Bân-lâm giân-gí lāi, tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ ēng **Âng-mô͘** (紅毛) lâi kiò pe̍h-lâng.
Sin-bûn chū-iû

**Sin-bûn chū-iû** (新聞自由) sī chèng-hú thàu-kòe hiàn-hoat ia̍h siong-koan hoat-lu̍t tiâu-bûn pó-chiong pún-kok kong-bîn ê giân-lūn, kiat-siā kap sin-bûn chhut-pán-kài chhái-hóng, pó-tō, chhut-pán, hoat-hêng téng chū-iû koân-lī.

Lūi-pia̍t:Jîn-koân
Lūi-pia̍t:Pò-tō
Ô͘ Hàn-bîn

**Ô͘ Hàn-bîn** (胡漢民; ), pún-miâ **Ián-hông** (衍鴻), piáu-jī **Tián-tông** (展堂), hō **Put-kūi-sek-chú** (不匱室主), sī Tiong-kok Kok-bîn Tóng ê goân-ló kiam chá-kî chú-iù léng-tō-jîn chi it, mā sī Kok-bîn Tóng chiân-kî ê iū-phài jîn-bu̍t.
Kńg-chiu Tē-thih 14-hō Sòaⁿ

**Kńg-chiu Tē-thih 14-hō Sòaⁿ** (广州地铁14号线) sī ùi  kàu  tiong-kan ê lō͘-toāⁿ, iû Kńg-chiu Tē-thih keng-êng ê thih-lō͘ kàn-soàⁿ. 
## Chhia-chām
APM Sòaⁿ

**APM Sòaⁿ** (珠江新城旅客自动输送系统, Chu-kang Sin-siâⁿ Lí-kheh Chū-tōng Su-sàng Hē-thóng) sī ùi  kàu  tiong-kan ê lō͘-toāⁿ. 
## Chhia-chām
Thài-khong thàm-chhâ

**Thài-khong thàm-chhâ** sī lī-ēng thài-khong ki-su̍t hoat-kiàn kiam thàm-chhâ gōa-thài-khong ê khang-khòe.
Word (khu-pia̍t)

**Word** sī Eng-gí "tan-jī" ê ì-sù, kî-tha ēng hoat koh ū:

* Word (tiān-náu kiàn-tio̍k), chi̍t cho͘ siat chò chhù-lí tan-goân ê bit, ia̍h sī sò͘-jī/bûn-jī.
* Words (Unix), Unix hē-thóng ê chi̍t khoán tóng-àn.
* Microsoft Word, chi̍t khoán èng-iōng-thêng-sek.
Sin Tn̂g-lâng Tiān-sī-tâi

**Sin Tn̂g-lâng Tiān-sī-tâi** (**NTDTV**) sī Bí-kok siāng tōa ê to̍k-li̍p hui-êng-lī ê Tiong-bûn tiān-sī-tâi.
Thài-kok Pak-pō͘

**Thài-kok Pak-pō͘**, kán-chheng **Thài-pak** (泰北), sī Thài-kok chú-iàu ê tē-lí-ha̍k hun-khu, í Chiang Mai ûi tiong-sim.
THZ1

**THZ1** (广州市海珠环岛新型有轨电车, Kńg-chiu-chhī Hái-chu Khoân-tó Sin-hêng Lō͘-bīn Tiān-chhia) sī ùi  kàu  tiong-kan ê lō͘-toāⁿ, iû Kńg-chiu Tē-thih keng-êng ê thih-lō͘ kàn-soàⁿ. 
## Chhia-chām
Bûn-pún

**Bûn-pún** khó-lêng ê ì-sù ū:

* Bûn-su
* Bûn-pún (bûn-ha̍k lí-lūn), tùi Eng-gí *text* ê hoan-e̍k.

## Tiān-náu
* Bêng bûn-pún (*plain text*).
* Bûn-pún tóng-àn.
Chhim-chùn Tē-thih

**Chhim-chùn Tē-thih** (深圳地铁, ) sī Tiong-kok Kńg-tang-séng Chhim-chùn-chhī ê siâⁿ-chhī khúi-tō kau-thong hē-thóng.
Tóng-àn-khò͘

**Tóng-àn-khò͘** sī siu chò kui cho͘ ê le̍k-sú kì-lio̍k, he̍k-chiá sī siu-khǹg chia kì-lio̍k ê tiûⁿ-só͘ ia̍h ki-koan, ū khó-lêng ēng **tóng-àn-koán**, **tóng-àn-sek**, **tóng-àn-kio̍k** téng hō-miâ. Tóng-àn-khò͘ siu--ê it-poaⁿ sī lâng ia̍h cho͘-chit chò khang-khòe ê kòe-têng sán-seng ê chho͘-kip chu-liāu.

## Siong-koan
* Bûn-khò͘
* Tô͘-su-koán
Bûn-kiāⁿ

**Bûn-kiāⁿ** ia̍h **bûn-su** sī keng-kòe siá-jī, ōe-tô͘, piáu-ián, ia̍h sī kì-ek tián-hiān ê su-sióng. Bûn-kiāⁿ chit jī chit-má khah phó͘-thong ê ì-sù sī bûn-jī ûi chú, tang-tiong khó-lêng hâm kóa ōe-tô͘ ia̍h kî-tha hêng-sek piáu-hiān ê chu-liāu.
Ounce

**Ounce** (sio̍k-siá: **oz**) sī chi̍t khoán chit-liōng tan-ūi, sú-iōng tī Eng-kok kiam siū i éng-hióng ê só͘-chāi, kong-tēng phiau-chún sī 1⁄16 pound, chiap-kīn 28.3 g, tāi-iok 0.75599 Tâi-oân niú.
Tio̍h ū kng

**Tio̍h ū kng** sī tùi *[[Hi-pek-lâi Sèng-keng]]* *[[Torah]]* *[[Chhòng-sè-kí]]* tē 1 chiuⁿ tē 3 tsa̍t chhut--ê té-gí, Hi-pek-lâi-gí goân-bûn siá-chò  (*yehi 'or*).

Kīn-kù *Chhòng-sè-kí*, Sîn kóng-chhut chit kú oē í-āu, kng kap àm tio̍h pun-khui--ah.

Chit kù oē--ê La-teng-gí hoan-e̍k (**) sī chit-koá Se-hng ha̍k-hāu--ê kek-giân.
Peng-siuⁿ

**Peng-siuⁿ** sī chi̍t khoán ka-tiān, lī-ēng jia̍t kè-tn̄g (*thermal insulation*) ê pō͘-kiāⁿ kap ē-tàng kā jia̍t tùi siuⁿ lāi sàng chhut gōa-kháu ê jia̍t phòng-phuh (*heat pump*) ūn-choán, chhòng-chō kē un-tō͘ ê siuⁿ lāi khoân-kéng.

## Siong-koan
* Peng-tû
Peng-tû

**Peng-tû** sī chi̍t khoán hui-ki-hâi-sek ê peng-siuⁿ, 20 sè-kí chá-kî liû-hêng ê chàu-kha khì-kū.
Peng-tháng

**Peng-tháng** sī chi̍t khoán thang léng-chông si̍t-liāu ia̍h ím-liāu ê siuⁿ-á. It-poaⁿ tiāⁿ ùi lāi-bīn hiat peng-kak pang-chō͘ léng-chông; lēng-gōa mā ū khǹg peng-tē (*ice pack*) ê sú-iōng hong-sek.
Bellevue Chiàn-tò͘

**Bellevue Chiàn-tò͘** sī Phó͘-Hoat Chiàn-cheng tang-tiong ê chi̍t kái chiàn-sū, hoat-seng tī 1870 nî 10 goe̍h 7 hō. Hoat-kok Goân-sè Achille Bazaine ūi tio̍h beh pó-chhî tng siū pau-ûi ê Metz siâⁿ ê niû-chháu kong-kip, phài kun-tūi hiòng pak-pêng khì Bellevue, hia sī Moselle tē-hng khǹg siu-sêng ê só͘-chāi. Hoat-kun kap Phó͘-kun tī Maizières hū-kīn ê chok-chiàn, hō͘ siang-pêng lóng sún-sit chhiau-kòe 1000 lâng. Té-bé Hoat-kun iáu bô tit tio̍h niû-chháu to̍h thè tńg--khì Metz. Saⁿ lé-pài āu Metz mā hō͘ Phó͘-kun kong-phòa.

## Chham-chiàu
*
Ài-lân

**Ài-lân** ū khó-lêng sī kóng:

* Ài-ní-lân ê lēng-gōa chi̍t khoán im-e̍k-gí.
* Tâi-oân Po͘-lí chhī-gōa ê O͘-gû-lân chng.
A-chí

**A-chí** ia̍h **a-ché**, Tâi-oân-ōe ū kóng **o͘-nè-sàng** ia̍h **nè-sàng**, lēng-gōa koh ū **ché-cheh**, khah phó͘-thong ê ì-sù sī hiaⁿ-tī-chí-moāi tang-tiong pí ka-tī khah tōa-hàn ê cha-bó͘.
Castilla Lōe-chiàn

**Castilla Lōe-chiàn** sī Castilla Ông-kok chū Alfonso 11-sè tī 1350 nî 3 goe̍h liáu-āu, chiap ūi ê Pedro kap i-ê hiāⁿ-tī Henry chi kan ê chi̍t kái kè-sêng-khoân chiàn-cheng, sî-kang sī 1351 nî kàu 1369 nî tiong-ng. Che chiàn-cheng mā thang sǹg chò sī Eng-lân Ông-kok kap Hoat-lân-se Ông-kok chi kan Pah-nî Chiàn-cheng ê chi̍t pō͘-hūn. Chú-iàu ê chiàn-tiûⁿ sī Castilla kiam kīn-hái.

Lūi-pia̍t:Se-pan-gâ ê le̍k-sú
Lūi-pia̍t:Chiàn-cheng
Lūi-pia̍t:Lōe-chiàn
Loire Khe

**Loire Khe** sī Hoat-kok siāng tông ê hô-chhoan, mā sī sè-kài pâi tē-171 tn̂g--ê. Pún khe tn̂g-tō͘ 1,012 kong-lí, liû-he̍k bīn-chek ū 117,054 pêng-hong kong-lí, chiàm chhiau-kòe Hoat-kok ê 5 hun 1 thó͘-tē.
Kong-li̍p Sió-sông Tāi-ha̍k

**Kong-li̍p Sió-siông Tāi-ha̍k** (公立小松大学 *Kōritsu Komatsu Daigaku*), sī khiā tī Ji̍t-pún Ishikawa-koān Komatsu-chhī ê chi̍t keng kong-li̍p tāi-ha̍k. 2018 nî sêng-li̍p.
Louis 9-sè

**Louis 9-sè** (*Louis IX*; 1214 nî 4 goe̍h 25 ji̍t – 1270 nî 8 goe̍h 25 ji̍t) sī Hoat-kok ê Kok-ông, mā sī siū Thian-chú-kàu kiam Sèng-kong-hōe ê sèng-jîn.
Alfred Tāi-ông

**Alfred Tāi-ông** (*Alfred the Great*; Kó͘ Eng-gí: *Ælfrēd* ia̍h *Ælfrǣd*; 849 nî – 899 nî 10 goe̍h 26) sī Wessex chū 871 nî kàu 899 nî kan ê kok-ông.
Edward Tióng-chiá

**Edward Tióng-chiá** (*Edward the Elder*; iok 874 nî – 924 nî 7 goe̍h 17 ji̍t) sī tùi 899 nî kàu i kòe-sin kî-kan Anglo-Saxon ê Ông. I sī Alfred Tāi-ông kap Ealhswith ê tōa-hàn hāu-seⁿ.
Henry Siàu-liân Ông

**Henry Siàu-liân Ông** (*Henry the Young King*; 1155 nî 2 goe̍h 28 – 1183 nî 6 goe̍h 11) sī Eng-lân ê Henry 2-sè kap Aquitaine ê Eleanor ū-oa̍h ê siāng sè-hàn hāu-seⁿ. I chū 1170 nî khai-sí, sī Eng-lâng ê Kok-ông. Sui-bóng tùi i-ê lāu-pē koh tī--leh to̍h ê sî to̍h siū ka-bián chiap ūi, i khiàm-khoat chū-chú ê khoân-le̍k.
Merneith

**Merneith**, ia̍h ū siá chò **Meryt-Neith**, sī  tāi-iok Chêng 2900 nî ê sī Kó͘-tāi Ai-ki̍p tē-it ông-tiâu sî-kî ê lú-ông. Tī Sakkara ê bōng-tē ū hoat-kiàⁿ kì i-ê miâ-hōe ê mi̍h-kiāⁿ, tùi chia ê chèng-kù, chhan-chhiūⁿ thài-iông-chûn (eng. *solar boat*), thang chi-chhî i sī chi̍t ūi ông-kun.

## Chham-chiàu

* 

Lūi-pia̍t:Pharaoh
Messalina

**Messalina** (Āu 25 nî – 48 nî) sī Lô-má Tè-kok ê hông-hō͘. I sī Lô-má hôa-cho̍k chhut-sin, Āu 39 ia̍h 40 nî ê sî kap hông-tè Claudius kiat-hun, sī Claudius ê tē-saⁿ kái (chá-chêng nn̄g kái lî-hun) kiat ê bó͘, hit-chūn Messalina 14 hòe.

Messalina kap Claudius tī 7 tang lāi seⁿ 2-ê gín-á, cha-bó͘-kiáⁿ hō Octavia, hāu-seⁿ hoh Britannicus.

Messalina mā kah goân-ló Silius ū loân-ài ê koan-hē. In nn̄g-ê pat tī Claudius chhut siâⁿ ê sî pān hun-lé. Claudius chai-iáⁿ liáu-āu, kā Silius chhú-koat. Ū lâng khì kā peng-á pò kóng beh chhú-koat Messalina; pêng-á mā khì kā Messalina thâi--sí. Claudius tè-bé chiah hông pò-chai tāi-chì, chóng-sī mā bô piáu-hiān te̍k-pia̍t ê hoán-èng. 

## Chham-chiàu
*
Ông-lú

**Ông-lú** sī kun-chú ê cha-bó͘-kiáⁿ. Si̍t-chè ê hâm-thâu chē khoán, "kong-chú" sī kî-tiong chi̍t khoán.

## Siong-koan
* Ông-chú
Prince

Eng-gí ê ***prince*** (""), kap kî-tha Se-iûⁿ giân-gí tùi-tâng ê iōng-gí, sī chi̍t khoán cha-po͘ thóng-tī-chiá, he̍k-chiá sī kun-chú ka-cho̍k ê sêng-oân. Khah thong-sio̍k ê hoan-e̍k, chiàu chōng-hóng sī ū "ông-chú", "chhin-ông", "ông" téng khoán. *Prince* ê gí-goân sī Latin-gí ê *princeps*, keng-kòe Hoat-gí ê *prince* thoân kòe Eng-gí, tùi-tâng ê cha-bó͘ hêng-sek, sī *[[princess]]*.

## Khoàⁿ
*Thâu-lâng

Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-gí
Chhim-chùn Tē-thih 1-hō Sòaⁿ

**Chhim-chùn Tē-thih 1-hō Sòaⁿ** (深圳地铁1号线) sī ùi  kàu  tiong-kan ê lō͘-toāⁿ, iû Chhim-chùn Tē-thih keng-êng ê thih-lō͘ kàn-soàⁿ. 

## Chhia-chām
Geisha (ga̍k-thoân)

**Geisha** sī Ìn-nî Pekanbaru siâⁿ chhut-sin ê chi̍t cho͘ ga̍k-thoân. Sêng-goân ū 5-ê: Momo (chú-chhiùⁿ), Roby (gì-tah), Nard (bè-suh), Dhan (khí-bó͘), dan Aan (kòng-kó͘).
Henry Kissinger

**Henry Alfred Kissinger** () sī Bí-kok ê chèng-tī-ha̍k-chiá, gōa-kau-koaⁿ, kiam tē-iân-chèng-tī kò͘-mn̄g. I pau chò Richard Nixon kap Gerald Ford chóng-thóng sî-tāi ê Kok-bū Pō͘-tiúⁿ kap Kok-ka An-choân Kò͘-mn̄g-koaⁿ (*National Security Advisor*).

Lūi-pia̍t:Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng tit-chióng-jîn
Valentina Lisitsa

**Valentina Evgenievna Lisitsa** (Валенти́на Евге́ньевна Лиси́ця, *Valentyna Evgenevna Lysytsya*; 1973 nî 11 goe̍h 11 ji̍t) sī Ukraine-Bí-kok-lâng ê pi-á-noh-ka.
John R. Bolton

**John Robert Bolton** (1948 nî 11 goe̍h 20 ji̍t chhut-sì) sī Bí-kok ê chèng-tī-ka. I sī chū 2018 nî 4 goe̍h 9 ji̍t khai-sí ê Bí-kok Kok-ka An-choân Kò͘-mn̄g-koaⁿ (*National Security Advisor*).
Kok-ka An-choân Kò͘-būn-koaⁿ

**Kok-ka An-choân Sū-bū Chóng-thóng Hù-koaⁿ** (*Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs*), it-poaⁿ kóng **Kok-ka An-choân Kò͘-būn-koaⁿ** (*National Security Advisor*), sī Bí-kok Chóng-thóng Hêng-chèng Thiaⁿ ê ko-kip kò͘-būn.

## Tsù-kái
David Harbour

**David Harbour** (1975 nî 4 goe̍h 10 ji̍t chhut-sì) sī Bí-kok ê ián-oân. I pat ián kòe Netflix iáⁿ-chi̍p *[[Stranger Things]]* lāi-bīn ê jîn-bu̍t Kéng-chhat-tiúⁿ Jim Hopper.
Ông Ak

**Ông Ak** (王沃; 1887 nî 7 goe̍h 13 ji̍t – 1943 nî) sī Tâi-oân ê si̍t-gia̍p-ka, hî-gia̍p sian-chìn. I sī Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi ki-tōng-chûn hî-sán ê chhōa-thâu jîn-bu̍t.

## Siong-koan
* Ông Se̍k-tēng

Lūi-pia̍t:Phak-tiáⁿ-kim Kong-bō͘
Ông Se̍k-tēng

**Ông Se̍k-tēng** (王石定; 1913 nî 10 goe̍h 20 ji̍t – 1947 nî 3 goe̍h 6 ji̍t), Ji̍t-pún-miâ **Maruyama Sadahiko** (丸山定彥), sī Tâi-oân ê si̍t-gia̍p-ka. Chiàn-āu chho͘-kî pat chò Ko-hiông-chhī Chham-gī-oân. I tè-bé tī 1947 nî Jī-jī-pat Sū-kiāⁿ tang-tiong, hō͘ kong-kek Ko-hiông-chhī Chèng-hú, sio̍k Ko-hiông Iàu-sài Su-lēng-pō͘ ê Tiong-kok kun-tūi thâi--sí.
Deddy Sutomo

**Deddy Sutomo**, 1941 nî 6 goe̍h 26 tī Batavia (chit-má ê Jakarta) chhut-sì, 2018 nî 4 goe̍h 18 tī Jakarta kòe-sin, sī Ìn-nî ê tiān-iáⁿ ián-oân kiam chèng-tī-ka.

## Liân-kiat
* Award-winning actor Deddy Sutomo passes away, *The Jakarta Post*.
MKUltra Kè-ōe

**MKUltra Kè-ōe** (*Project MKUltra*), mā kiò chò **CIA sim-su khòng-chè khang-khòe** (*CIA mind control program*), sī chi̍t hāng lī-ēng jîn-lūi siū-giām-chiá ê si̍t-giām, siat-kè kiam si̍t-si ê ki-koan sī Bí-kok ê Tiong-iong Chêng-pò Kio̍k (CIA), tī tong-sî to̍h sǹg sī hui-hoat--ê. In ê jîn-lūi si̍t-giām sī beh chai-iáⁿ kiam hoat-tián thang tī chi̍t-mn̄g sū-bū tang-tiong sán-seng sim-su khòng-chè hāu-kó ê io̍h-bu̍t kap sú-iōng têng-sū. Bí-kok Lio̍k-kun ê Seng-bu̍t-ha̍k Bú-khì Si̍t-giām-só͘ mā ū chham-ka gián-kiù.

MKUltra ēng chē khoán hong-hoat lâi kan-sia̍p lâng ê sim-lí chōng-hóng kap kái-piàn thâu-náu ê kong-lêng, kî-tiong ū ēng tio̍h io̍h-bu̍t (te̍k-pia̍t sī LSD), kî-tha hòa-ha̍k-bu̍t, chhui-bîn (*hypnosis*), kám-kak toat-chhú (*sensory deprivation*), ko͘-li̍p, giân-gí chau-that, kiam kî-tha hêng-sek ê sim-lí gio̍k-thāi.
R. Lee Ermey

**Ronald Lee Ermey** (1944 nî 3 goe̍h 24 ji̍t – 2018 nî 4 goe̍h 15 ji̍t) sī Bí-kok ê ián-goân.
Katratripulr

**Katratripulr**, mā hō **Ti-pún**, sī Tâi-oân Tâi-tang-chhī koán-lāi chi̍t-ê chng-thâu, sī Puyuma-cho̍k ê pō͘-lo̍k. 

Ti-pún Un-chôaⁿ tī chit-ê chng-thâu ê sai-pêng.
Kartini

**Raden Adjeng Kartini** (1879 nî 4 goe̍h 21 tī Jepara chhut-sì – 1904 nî 9 goe̍h 17  tī Rembang kòe-sin) ia̍h chheng chò **[[Raden Ayu]] Kartini**, sī Jawa lâng chhut-sin ê Ìn-nî Kok-ka Eng-hiông (*Pahlawan Nasional*), sī lú-sèng khoân-lī ê sian-chìn.
Ô-á-liâu Hî-káng

**Ô-á-liâu Hî-káng** () só͘-chāi tī Tâi-oân Ko-hiông-chhī Chú-koaⁿ-khu lāi, óa tī Ô-á-liâu ke-chhī hái-kîⁿ, sī Tâi-oân kīn-hái hiān-lâu-á hî-sán ê seng-sán-tē.

Lūi-pia̍t:Chú-koaⁿ-khu
Hiān-lâu-á

**Hiān-lâu-á** sī chhut chûn lia̍h tio̍h liáu-āu iáu bô keng-kòe léng-tòng to̍h sàng ji̍p chhī-tiûⁿ bē ê chhiⁿ hái-sán.
Ko-hiông Chhia-thâu

**Ko-hiông Chhia-thâu** (), he̍k-chiá **Ko-hiông Chhia-chām** (), ūi tī Ko-hiông-chhī Sam-bîn-khu, sī Tâi-oân Thih-lō͘ Kong-si, Ko-hiông Chia̍t-ūn ê tē-hā-hòa (地下化) thih-lō͘ chhia-thâu. Pún chām sī Tâi-thih Chhiòng-koàn-sòaⁿ lâm-tōaⁿ kah Pîn-tong sòaⁿ ê liân-chiap-tiám, sī Ko-hiông-chhī tiong-sim siōng tiōng-iàu--ê thih-lō͘ chhia-thâu, ia̍h-sī Ko-hiông To͘-hōe-khu kap lâm Tâi-oân siú-iàu--ê (首要的) kau-thong choán-ūn chhu-liú (樞紐), piⁿ-á ê Ko-hiông Kong-chhia-chām sī chōe-chōe tiâu Ko-hiông-chhī kong-chhia lō͘-sòaⁿ ê chóng-lō͘-thâu, tn̂g-tô͘ kheh-ūn tī sì-piⁿ siat ū kì-tiám iah choán-ūn-chām.

Chit-má--ê Ko-hiông Chhia-thâu chām-pông (站房) sī Ko-hiông chhī-khu thih-lō͘ tē-hā-hòa kè-ōe tiong kái-kiàn (改建) ê tē-hā-hòa chām-thé (站體). 2018 nî 9 goe̍h chhe 5, tē-it-kî kang-têng oân-sêng, Ko-hiông Chia̍t-ūn chìn-chū (進駐) éng-kiú chām-thé êng-ūn. Tī Tâi-oân Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi khí--ê goân chêng-ia̍h (前驛) ê té-koan-sek chām-thé tī 2002 nî hō͘ poaⁿ--khì tang-lâm-hng 82 kong-chiò ê só͘-chai pó-liû, 2021 nî 9 goe̍h 15 chhian (遷) tńg-khì goân-pún ê só͘-chai chiâⁿ-chòe tē-piau (地標) kap tē-hā-hòa chām-thé ǹg lâm-pêng tē-bīn ê chhut-ji̍p-kháu, kui-cho͘ kang-têng kè-ōe tī 2023 nî oân-kang, phòe-ha̍p Chhiòng-koàn sòaⁿ siang-kúi hām tiān-khì-hòa kang-têng khí--ê āu-ia̍h chām-pông tiō sûi hō͘ thiah-tû. Goân-pún chêng-ia̍h chām-thé kap tē-it goa̍t-tâi tiong-ng khǹg--ê "Thih-lō͘ Tiān-khì-hòa Sûn-chit Jîn-goân Kì-liām-pi" (鐵路電氣化殉職人員紀念碑) kap goân-pún tī chêng-ia̍h thâu-chêng hoe-hn̂g ê tāi-á--iūⁿ phùn-chôaⁿ, bat poaⁿ-kàu Ko-hiông Thih-lō͘ Tē-hā-hòa Tián-sī-koán (tiō sī goân-pún--ê tè-koan-sek chām-thé) ê piⁿ-á lâi chiām-khǹg (暫囥). Lēng-gōa, Tâi-oân Ko-thih lâm-iân (南延) teh gián-kiú iân Tâi-thih ê lō͘-sòaⁿ sái-ji̍p Ko-hiông chhī-khu, jî-chhiáⁿ tī Ko-hiông, Hōng-soaⁿ kap Tâi-thih kiōng-chām (共站).

## Koh-lâi Khòaⁿ
* Tâi-oân Thih-lō͘ Koán-lí-kio̍k
* Ko-hiông Chia̍t-ūn
* Tâi-oân Ko-thih

|-
Lâm-á-kheⁿ Kho-ki Hn̂g-khu Chām

**Lâm-á-kheⁿ Kho-ki Hn̂g-khu Chām** (), he̍k-chiá **Lâm-chú Kho-ki Hn̂g-khu Chām** (), chìn-chêng hō-chò **Lâm-á-kheⁿ Ka-kang-khu Chām** (楠仔坑加工區站), sī Ko-hiông Chia̍t-ūn Âng-sòaⁿ ūi-tī Ko-hiông-chhī Lâm-chú-khu ê chi̍t-ê chhia-chām.

In-ūi cháu-bé-teng ka-ji̍p chhia-chām tāi-bé, jî-chhiáⁿ chām-miâ mā khah tn̂g, só͘-í lia̍t-chhia ê LED cháu-bé-teng chí ē-tàng hián-sī "**R19 Nanzih Technology Park**".
Lâm-siông Chām

**Lâm-siông Chām** ū khó-lêng sī:

*Lâm-siông Chām (tē-thih)
*Lâm-siông Chām (Tiong-kok ê thih-lō͘)
*Lâm-siông Chhia-thâu (Tâi-oân ê thih-lō͘)

Lūi-pia̍t:Hóe-chhia-thâu
Hûn-lîm Chām

**Hûn-lîm Chām** ū khó-lêng sī:

*Hûn-lîm Chām (Bû-sek Tē-thih)
*Hûn-lîm Chhia-thâu (Ko-thih)

Lūi-pia̍t:Hóe-chhia-thâu
Chhiûⁿ-bî Chiàn-cheng

**Chhiûⁿ-bî Chiàn-cheng** (Eng-gí: *Wars of the Roses*) sī Eng-lân ê chi̍t liân-sòa lōe-chiàn, sī ūi khòng-chè Eng-lân ông-ūi jiá khí ê chiàn-sū. Sio-chiàn ê siang-pêng sī Plantagenet Ông-ka ê nn̄g phài hun-ki: York Ông-ka (ēng pe̍h-sek chhiûⁿ-bî chò kì-hō) kap Lancaster Ông-ka (ēng âng-sek chhiûⁿ-bî). Chiàn-sū chú-iàu tùi 1455 nî kè-sio̍k kàu 1487 nî, chóng-sī in siang pêng tī che sî-kan chiân-āu oa-ná ū chhiong-tu̍t.