Lí Kong-iāu

**Lí Kong-iāu** (Hàn-jī: 李光耀; Eng-gí: *Lee Kuan Yew*; ) Sin-ka-pho chèng-tī jîn-bu̍t, chò koè chóng-lí, lōe-koh chu-chèng, Sin-ka-pho chèng-tôaⁿ siang-kài pâi-chí ê jîn-bu̍t, hō· lâng khòaⁿ-chòe si Sin-ka-pho ê kok-hū. 

## Lí Kong-iāu ê 1-sì-lâng

Lí Kong-iāu chhut-sì tī Sin-ka-pho 1-ê kóng Eng-gí ê Tn̂g-lâng ka-têng, chū sè-hàn chiap-siū Eng-gí kàu-io̍k, 13 hōe hit-nî khò-ji̍p tng-tē siāng pâi-chí (siōng-kài chán) ê Eng-hāu Raffles Su-īⁿ (*Raffles Institution*), 1940 nî chìn-ji̍p Raffles Ha̍k-īⁿ (*Raffles College*), Ji̍t-pún kun-tūi chiàm-niá Sin-ka-pho liáu-āu, i tiong-tn̄g ha̍k-gia̍p. Chiàn-cheng kòe-āu, i lâi-kàu Eng-kok liû-ha̍k, tiàm Lûn-tun Keng-chè Ha̍k-īⁿ (*London School of Economics*) ha̍k-si̍p ê sî, Li Kong-iāu siū-tio̍h i ê tō-su Lasky siā-hōe chú-gī lí-lūn ê éng-hiáng, khai-sí hián-sī chhut hóan-tùi si̍t-bîn thóng-tī ê kóan-liām. Put-lī-kò, āu-lâi ê Lí Kong-iāu khiok-sī chiâⁿ-chòe 1-ê sè-kāi thong-lâng chai ê hóan kiōng-sán chú-gī chiá. I ê hôe-ek-lio̍k kí-châi kóng "thó-iàm (thó-iah) kiōng-sán-tóng, kin-pún gôan-in sī in chhái-iōng Lenin-chú-gī, put chāi-î in-ê Marx-chú-gī su-sióng". 

Tī Eng-kok Lûn-tun ha̍k-si̍p 1-nî liáu-sū, Li Kong-iāu iu-koh chóan-ha̍k Cambridge Tāi-ha̍k choan-kong hoat-lu̍t, 1949 nî pit-gia̍p liáu-āu the̍h-tio̍h lu̍t-su chu-keh chèng-su. Mā-to̍h-sī sio-kāng tī chit-nî, Li Kong-iāu kah i tiàm Lâi-hu̍t-sū Su-īⁿ ê cha-bó· tông-o̍h (tâng-o̍h) Koa Gio̍k-chi (柯玉芝) kiat-sêng liân-lí. 1950 nî, Lí Kong-iāu tī Eng-kok ka-ji̍p 1-ê iû tng-tē Tang-lâm-a jîn-sū chó·-sêng ê thôan-thé "Má-lâi-a Lūn-tôaⁿ", tui-kiu Má-lâi-a to̍k-li̍p sī in ê bo̍k-phiau. Hit-1-tang ê 8 go̍eh, Li Kong-iāu tò-tńg-lâi Sin-ka-pho, chò lu̍t-su ê khang-khòe. 1952 nî, Sin-ka-pho siā-hōe kang-lâng pà-kang, Lí Kong-iāu chêng-keng chhut-bīn chò tāi-piáu khì hām chèng-hú tâm-pòaⁿ. In-ūi chit-pái ê keng-le̍k, hō· i miâ-siaⁿ thàng kiaⁿ-siâⁿ, pēng-chhiáⁿ khái-sí tī kang-hōe tang-tiong kiàn-li̍p kûn-chiòng ki-chhó·, che tùi ji̍t-āu chiông-chèng pang-chō· chin tōa. 

1954 nî 10 go̍eh, Li Kong-iāu hām 1-tīn ùi Eng-kok tńg--lâi ê Tn̂g-lâng, koh hām tiàm tng-tē siū Hôa-bûn kàu-io̍k ê chó-phài ha̍k-seng kah kang-hōe thâu-lâng, kiōng-tông sêng-li̍p Jîn-bîn Hêng-tōng-tóng, pēng-chhiáⁿ sûi chham-ka keh-nî ê sóan-kú. Lí Kong-iāu tī chit-pái sóan-kí tang-tiong sūn-lī tòng-sóan li̍p-hoat gī-īⁿ ê gī-ôan, chhú-khì i kah Sin-ka-pho ê Kiōng-sán-tóng ha̍p-chok, sîm-kiû to̍k-li̍p. 

Kong-gôan 1959 nî, Sin-ka-pho tit-tio̍h chū-tī ê tē-ūi, Jîn-bîn Hêng-tōng-tóng tī chū-tī chèng-hú thâu-piān sóan-kí tang-tiong chiâⁿ-chòe li̍p-hoat gī-īⁿ tē-it tōa tóng, Li Kong-iāu chhut-jīm chóng-lí. Chhú-khì, Li Kong-iāu it-ti̍t ǹg-bāng beh kah Má-lâi-a ha̍p-pēng sêng-li̍p "Tōa Má-lâi-se-a ", bo̍k-tek sī beh cheng-chhú chin-chiàⁿ ê to̍k-li̍p, siâng-sî koh ē-tàng ūi Sin-ka-pho keng-chè hoat-tián thê-kiong pó-chiòng, mā ē-tàng sūn-sòa siau-bia̍t tng-tē ná lâi nâ ū sè-le̍k ê Kiōng-sán-tòng. 

1961 nî, Lí Kong-iāu chhōa-thâu ê hóan-kiōng hūn-chú kah tòng-lāi ê chhin-kiōng hūn-chú hūn-lia̍t. 1963 nî 7 go̍eh, tī Lí Kong-iāu ê nó·-le̍k hā, Sin-ka-pho kah Má-lâi-a chèng-hú ta̍t-sêng hia̍p-gī, siang-hong chèng-sek ha̍p-pēng. Ha̍p-pēng liáu-āu ê Má-lâi-se-a liân-pang chèng-hú kah Li Kong-iāu léng-tō ê Sin-ka-pho chèng-hú chhái-chhú hêng-tōng, lia̍h-cháu chin-chōe Kiōng-sán-tóng ê ko-chân jîn-sū. 

Put-lī-kò, ha̍p-pèng liáu-āu ê liân-pang chèng-hú kah Sin-ka-pho chèng-hú tī-leh pau-koat keng-chè chāi-lāi ê to-chióng chèng-chhek téng-bīn hoat-seng giâm-tiōng ê hun-kî. 1964 nî, Sin-ka-pho hoat-seng chéng-chio̍k tōng-lōan, Lí Kong-iāu chèng-hú khián-chek Má-lâi-se-a liân-pang chèng-hú khì-tô· thê-sak " chéng-cho̍k sa-bûn chú-gī " , hō· Má-lâi-lâng tī liân-pang lāi-pō· hiáng-siū te̍k-sû ê thāi-gū, pēng-chhiáⁿ siàn-tōng Sin-ka-pho ê Má-lâi-lâng hóan-tùi tng-tē ê Tn̂g-lâng chèng-hú. In-ūi án-ne ê gôan-in, tō-tì Sin-ka-pho tī 1965 nî 8 go̍eh thè-chhut Má-lâi-se-a liân-pang. 

To̍k-li̍p liáu-āu, Li Kong-iāu chek-ke̍k thui-tōng keng-chè kái-kek kah hoat-tián, chhōa-niá Sin-ka-pho iōng 30-nî ê sî-kan hoat-tián chiâⁿ-chòe A-chiu siāng-kài hoat-ta̍t ê kok-ka chit-it. Chāi i ê jīm-kî lāi, i thui-thōng kah khai-hoat Jū-lông Kang-gia̍p Ôan-khu (裕廊工业园区; *Jurong Industrial Estate*), chhòng-li̍p kong-chek-kim chè-tō·, sêng-li̍p liâm-chèng kong-sú, chìn-hêng kàu-io̍k kái-kek téng-téng to-hāng ê chèng-chhek. Kin-ná-ji̍t ê Sin-ka-pho chèng-hú it-kòan óa-khò "ko-hāu, liâm-kiat" chhut-miâ chôan-sè-kài, jîn-bîn ê seng-o̍ah chúi-pêng pí kî-thaⁿ ê A-chiu kok-ka kôan chin-chōe. 

Kong-gôan 1990 nî, Lí Kong-iāu sî khì kok-ka chóng-lí ê chit-bū, tām-jīm chèng-hú lōe-koh chu-chèng it-ti̍t kàu-kah chit-chūn. Lí Kong-iāu 1-sì-lâng thê-sak "A-chiu kè-ta̍t koan" , chú-tiuⁿ A-chiu kok-ka bô su-iàu ôan-chôan àn-chiàu se-hong kok-ka ê ke-ta̍t-koan chò tāi-chì.

## Hām Tiong-kok ê koan-hē
Chá-kî, Lí Kong-iāu kah Tâi-ôan hong-bīn ê liân-hē khah chia̍p. 20 sè-kí 70 nî-tāi Sin-ka-pho kah Tai-ôan tī kun-sū siōng chìn-hêng chin-chōe hāng ê ha̍p-chok, Lí Kong-iāu pún-lâng mā bat kúi-ā-pái hong-būn Tâi-ôan, hām Chiúⁿ Keng-kok kò-jîn ê kau-chêng chin chhim. Lí Teng-hui chiūⁿ-tāi liáu-āu, pún-jiân in 2-lâng kau-óng mā chin bi̍t-chhiat, m̄-koh āu--lâi koan-hē pián-pháiⁿ. Put-lī-kò, i hām hiān-jīm ê Tâi-ôan léng-tō-lâng Tân Chúi-píⁿ ê koan-hē ôan-á sī bōe-pháiⁿ, A-píⁿ-á chiūⁿ-tāi liáu-āu, Li Kong-iāu bat hong-mn̄g Tâi-ôan 2-pái. 

Lí Kong-iāu tī-leh 20 sè-kí 70 nî-tāi bóe-kî khái-sí hām Tiong-kok Tāi-liok phah-kau-koan, siang-hong lóng kā 60 nî-tāi hōng-hêng ê te̍k-tùi chèng-chhek pàng-1-piⁿ. Li Kong-iāu bat pài-hòe kòe Mô· Te̍k-tong, Tēng Siáu-pêng kah kî-thaⁿ kúi-nā-ê Tiong-kok léng-tō-lâng. Tī Lí Kong-iāu ê khan-sêng chi-hā, 1993 nî tī Sin-ka-pho, hái-kiap lióng-hōaⁿ kú-hêng hōe-tâm, ì-gī tiōng-tāi, che to̍h-sī tù-miâ ê "Ong-Ko· hōe-tâm" (Ko·-Ong hōe-tâm).

## Phêng-kè
Lí Kong-iāu tī Sin-ka-pho bêng-bōng chin-kôan, tī kok-chè siōng mā-ū chin-hó ê mia-siaⁿ. M̄-koh mā-ū chin-chōe lâng khián-chek Sin-ka-pho pēng-bô cha̍p-chiok ê chū-iû, chèng-tī siōng mā bô kàu bîn-chú. Lí Kong-iāu ê 2-ê hāu-siⁿ lóng-chóng tī chèng-hú tang-tiong tam-jīm tiōng-iàu ê chit-bū, tōa-hàn hāu-siⁿ Lí Hián-liông sī hiān-jīm ê Sin-ka-pho chóng-lí, thiaⁿ-kong mā í-keng khak-tēng si ē-jīm chóng-thóng hāu-sóan-jîn; sè-hàn hāu-siⁿ Lí Hián-iông sī kok-ka siōng tōa ê kok-iú khì-gia̍p Sin-ka-pho tiān-sìn ê chóng-chhâi. Lí Hián-liông ê ke-āu Hô Cheng tī 2002 nî chhut-jīm chèng-hú khòng-chè ê chu-kim kóan-lí kong-si tàm-má-sek khòng-kó· (淡马锡控股) ê tàng-sū. Tù-miâ ê châi-keng mûi-thé Bloomberg hoat-piáu bûn-chiuⁿ khau-sè kóng, che sī 1-chióng " ūi-tio̍h bóan-chiok Lí--sì ka-chio̍k lī-ek ê hú-pāi ê khai-sí " . Bûn-chiuⁿ hoat-piáu liáu-āu, sûi cho-siū tio̍h Lí Kong-iāu kiông-lia̍t ê hó·ⁿ-tēng kah khòng-kò. Sui-jiân lō·-bóe Lí Kong-iāu phah iâⁿ chit-tiûⁿ ê koaⁿ-si, put-lī-kò chit-khóan ê phoe-phêng iu-gôan tī-leh.

## Sí-bông

## Chham-khó chu-liāu
* Lí Kong-iāu siá ：*Lí Kong-iāu hoê-ek-lio̍k*——*Hong-ú to̍k-li̍p lō·*（1923~1965）-Pak-kiaⁿ : Goā-bûn chhut-pán-siā 1998 nî 9 ge̍h, ISBN 7-119-02255-5 
* Lí Kong-iāu siá ：*Lí Kong-iāu hoê-ek-lio̍k*——*Keng-chè thêng-hui lō·*（1965~2000）-Pak-kiaⁿ : Goā-bûn chhut-pán-siā 2001 nî 9 ge̍h, ISBN 7-119-01979-1