open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ké-gê

**Ké-gê** (gī-khí, ké-tshuì-khí, ké-gâ, ká-gâ; poj: ké chhùi-khí; eng-gí: dentures, false teeth; hàn-gí: 假牙, 義齒), sī tsi̍t-tsióng iōng-teh tāi-thè gê-khí ê hú-tsōo tsong-tì; koh ē-sái hoo tshuì-khang sì-khoo lén-tńg-e̊ nńg tsoo-tsit (soft tissue) kah ngē tsoo-tsit (hard tissue) lai tsih-tsài. It-puañ gī-khí iōng-teh tāi-thè in-uī tshuì-khang ū ì-guā sū-kòo huat-sing, then-sing tō sī gê-khí khuat-sit hi̍k-tsiá gê-khí ló-hua (ageing /aging) ia̍h-sī gê-khí thuat-lo̍k (tooth loss) tíng-tíng ê guân-in (causality); iā tō sī, in-tshú tsō-sîng bô-huat-tōo tsìng-siông sú-iōng ê gê-khí. Siông-kui ê gī-khí sī ē-sái î-tû-e̊ (ē-sái î-tû i-e̊ kio̍k-pōo gī-khí hi̍k-tsiá uân-tsuân ê ké-gê). M̄-kū, ū tsiâñ-tse ké-gê ê set-kè, kî-tiong ū tsi̍t-kuá-å i-lāi tio̍h liâm-ket ia̍h-sī khau-ân teh gê-khí, hi̍k-tsiá si̍t-gê (dental implant) ê tíng-kuân (kòo-tīng-e̊ siu-ho̍k gê-khí) tsi tsióng-tsióng hîng-thài.Ké-gê tsú-iàu ū nn̄g-luī, tsú-iàu-e̊ khu-pe̍t teh in-sī iōng-lâi tāi-thè hā-go̍k-kut ia̍h-sī tíng-go̍k-kut tíng-kuân khuat-sit ê gê-khí.

## Ké-gê kah then-jên-gê hōo-siong pí-kàu kā-ha̍p ê tsha-ī
### Tsiap-sio̍k pîng-hîng

 Spee.png|Speesche khiok-sèn (sí-tsōng-bīn póo-siông khiok-sèn)
 Wilson-Kurve.png|Wilson khiok-sèn (huâiñ-hiòng póo-siông khiok-sèn)


## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-khó bûn-hèn

* Klaus Fuhr, Thomas Reiber: *Die Totalprothese.* Urban & Schwarzenberg, München u. a. 1993, . 
* Horst Gründler, Ulrich Stüttgen: *Die Totalprothese* (= *Grundwissen für Zahntechniker.* Bd. 4). 3., überarbeitete Auflage. Neuer Merkur, Planegg 2014,  {{ISBN|978-3-929360-84-4. 
* Lorenz Hupfauf (Hrsg.): *Totalprothesen* (= *Praxis der Zahnheilkunde.* Bd. 7). 2. Auflage. Urban & Schwarzenberg, München u. a. 1987, . 
* Bernd Koeck (Hrsg.): *Totalprothesen* (= *Praxis der Zahnheilkunde.* Bd. 7). 4. Auflage. Urban & Schwarzenberg, München u. a. 2005, . 

## Tsham-ua̍t
*Tek-kok kho-ha̍k i-ha̍k-hōe hia̍p-hōe (tek-gí: Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften; hàn-gí: 德國科學醫學會協會)
* (052D-hîng khu-tio̍k-kàm/Type 052D destroyer/052D-hîng khu-tio̍k-lām)
* (Chinese destroyer Ürümqir)
* (901-hîng khuài-sok tsèn-tàu tsi-uān-kàm/Type 901 fast combat support ship/901-hîng khuài-sok tsèn-tàu tsi-uān-lām)
* (liân-ha̍p ti̍t-tsiap kong-kik tān-io̍h/Joint Direct Attack Munition)

## Guā-pōo lên-ket
*
*
* S3-Leitlinie *Implantatprothetische Versorgung des zahnlosen Oberkiefers,* Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften, AWMF-Registernummer: 083-010, Stand: November 2014. Gültig bis November 2019. Online, abgerufen am 10. April 2017. 
*第11回咬合湾曲考その３-東京医科歯科大学 

Lūi-pia̍t:Ké-gê siu-ho̍k-ha̍k
Lūi-pia̍t:Iàn-ho̍k gê-kho
Lūi-pia̍t:Itali ê hoat-bêng
Ester

**Ester** sī chi̍t chióng iú-ki hòa-ha̍p-bu̍t, kóng-hòan chûn-chāi tī chū-jiân-kài, pí-jû phêng-kó ê kiat-chhó-sng pentyl, ông-lâi ê lo̍k-sng ethyl kah keng-chio ê chhò·-sng isoamyl téng. Ím-liāu, thn̂g-á kah ko-á téng éng-éng sú-iōng ester hiuⁿ-liāu.

## Tôo-siōng

tóng-àn:Red Apple.jpg|Phêng-kó
tóng-àn:Pineapple1.jpg|Ông-lâi
tóng-àn:Musa-sp3.1.jpg|Tī chhiū-á téng-thâu bōe se̍k ê keng-chio


## Guā-pōo liân-kiat

* An introduction to esters
* Molecule of the month: Ethyl acetate and other esters
Screenshot

**Screenshot** (îng-bōo tse̽t-tôo, ** tsiat-tôo**, îng-bōo tse̍t-tshú uē-bīn; ing-gú: screenshot, screen capture hi̍k-tsiá screen grab) sī uì tēn-náu tse̍t-tshú ê hén-sī teh îng-bōo ia̍h-sī kî-thañ hén-sī siet-pī tíng-kuân ê sī-kak iáñ-siōng. It-puañ tse̍t-tôo e-sai iû tshau-tsok hē-thóng ia̍h-sī tsuan-iōng ê tsẻt-tôo nńg-thé tse̍t-tshu, mā ē-sái lī-iōng guā-pōo siet-pī pí-lû sòo-uī hip-siòng-ki (digital camera) lâi liap-iáñ. Tse̍t-tôo mā hun tsīng-thài tsẻt-tôo kah tōng-thài tse̍t-tôo; tsīng-thài tsẻt-tôo ē-sái tit-tio̍h tsi̍t-ê tiám-tīn-tôo tóng-àn, pí-lû BMP, PNG, JPEG. Koh-lâi, teh tōng-thài  tsẻt ē-sái tit-tio̍h tōng-thài ê GIF tôo-phìñ, ia̍h-sī tsi̍t-tuān iáñ-phìñ tóng-àn. Tsẻt-tôo ê bo̍k-tik it-puañ lâi-kóng sī uî-tio̍h tén-sī bóo-tsióng tsōng-thài hā ê tîng-sū kài-bīn tôo-sī, ia̍h-sī thong-sìn nńg-thé tiong bûn-gī tuì-uē ê lāi-iông, iû-hì tiûñ-kíng ê tíng-tíng.

## Tse̽t-tôo ki-khá
### Sòo-uī ki-su̍t
Tē-it ê îng-bōo tse̽t-tôo sī tī 1960-nî  tsó-iū sú-iōng tē-it tâi kau-hōo-sik tiān-náu tíng-kuân sóo tshòng-kiàn ê.

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
*Sò͘-ūi siòng-ki (sòo-uī siòng-ki, sòo-uī hip-siòng-ki; sòo-má hip-siòng-ki, sòo-má siòng-ki; eng-gí: digital camera; hàn-gí: 數位相機, 數碼相機)

## Guā-pōo lên-ket
* Print Screen for Microsoft 
*  
*What is a screenshot? 

Lūi-pia̍t:Tô͘-hêng iōng-tsiá kài-bīn
Lūi-pia̍t:Tiān-náu su̍t-gí
Sóan-te̍k-sèng huih-chheng-sò͘ chài-liap-chhú ek-chè-chè

**Sóan-te̍k-sèng huih-chheng-sò͘ chài-liap-chhú ek-chè-chè**(選擇性血清素再攝取抑制劑, Eng. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, **SSRI**) mā kiò chō **Sóan-te̍k-sèng huih-chheng-sò͘  serotonin ek-chè-chè**, sī chi̍t chióng siông-ēng ê khòng ek-ut io̍h-bu̍t.

## Le̍k-sú
SSRI tī siōng sè-kì 80 nî-tāi khai-sí ēng tī i-tī ek-ut-chèng, chiau-lī-chèng, kiông-pek-chèng kah sîn-keng sèng iām-si̍t-chèng.

## Hù-chok-iōng

## Koan-liân sū-kiāⁿ
1999 nî tī Bí-kok hoat-seng ê Columbine hāu-hn̂g chhèng-kek sū-kiāⁿ ê nn̄g ūi siú-bô͘ , kî-it keng-iû hiat-e̍k kiám-cha hō· khak-jīm ho̍k-iōng--ah tāi-liōng ê Fluvoxamine.

## Siông-kiàn ê SSRI
Thâu-chêng 5 chióng ū 5 lúi kim hoa ê chheng-ho͘.
* **Fluoxetine** (氟西汀)
* **Paroxetine** (帕羅西汀)
* **Sertraline** (舍曲林)
* **Fluvoxamine** (氟伏沙明)
* **Citalopram** (西酞普蘭)
* **Escitalopram** (艾司西酞普蘭)
Spin

Tī liōng-chú bu̍t-lí-ha̍k kap lia̍p-chú bu̍t-lí-ha̍k, **spin** sī ki-pún lia̍p-chú, ho̍k-ha̍p lia̍p-chú (hadron), kap goân-chú-hu̍t só͘ kōaⁿ ê chi̍t chióng lāi-chāi ê kak-ūn-tōng-liōng (角運動量). Spin chit ê sû sī túi Eng-gí ê "spin" ti̍t-chiap chioh--lâi, ì-sù sī "îⁿ-îⁿ-gô".

Spin sī liōng-chú le̍k-ha̍k tiong nn̄g chióng kak-ūn-tōng-liōng ê sī kî-tiong chi it, só͘-í ū-sî choân-chheng **spin kak-ūn-tōng-liōng**, lēng-gōa chi̍t-ê sī **kúi-tō kak-ūn-tōng-liōng** (軌道角運動量). Kúi-tō kak-ūn-tōng-liōng operator tiō siong-tong î kó͘-tián le̍k-ha̍k tiong mi̍h-kiāⁿ teh tńg-se̍h ê kak-ūn-tōng-liōng; po-hâm-sò͘ tī khong-kan tiong sûi kak-tō͘ piàn-hòa ê sî, kúi-tō kak-ūn-tōng-liōng tiō ē chhut-hiān. M̄-kò spin bô-kâng, i bô tāi-piáu lia̍p-chú si̍t-chè tī khong-kan tiong ū teh tńg-se̍h, kán-ná Tē-kiû teh chū-choán ia̍h-sī kan-lo̍k teh gô. Spin sī lia̍p-chú pún-sin só͘ kū-pī--ê, kap i ê tiān-hō, chit-liōng sio-kāng.

Tiān-chú ê spin kak-ūn-tōng-liōng ê chûn-chāi sī iû si̍t-giām thui-lūn--chhut-lâi, chhiūⁿ-kóng Stern–Gerlach si̍t-giām. M̄-kò che mā ē-sái iû lí-lūn thui-lūn--chhut-lâi, phì-lūn-kóng spin thóng-kè tēng-lí ia̍h-sī Pauli bô-chò-hóe goân-lí (Pauli 無做伙原理).

Ū chi̍t-kóa lia̍p-chú, chhiūⁿ photon, in ê spin tī sò͘-ha̍k siōng ē-tàng iōng hiòng-liōng lâi piáu-ta̍t. Kî-tha ê lia̍p-chú, chhiūⁿ tiān-chú, in ê spin ài iōng spinor ia̍h-sī bispinor lâi piáu-ta̍t.
Neutrino

**Neutrino** (Tâi-gí ho͘-im: *niu-chhúi-nò͘,* iōng Hi-lia̍p jī-bó ν chò kì-hō) sī chi̍t chióng lepton. Neutrino ê spin sī 1/2, só͘-í i sī fermion; i ê chit-liōng khah sè kî-thaⁿ ê ki-pún lia̍p-chú, ti̍t-beh bô-khì. 

Neutrino kan-ta ē chham-ú jio̍k-le̍k kap tiōng-le̍k saⁿ-chok-iōng. 

Jio̍k-le̍k chok-iōng ê hoān-ûi sè-sè chi̍t-phìⁿ-á niā-niā, tiōng-le̍k iū koh put-chí-á jio̍k, kì-jiân neutrino bōe chham-ú kiông-le̍k chok-iōng, i chhŏaⁿ ē-tàng chhǹg-kòe tōa-pō͘-hūn ê it-poaⁿ bu̍t-chit, siáⁿ-mih to bô châi-tiāu kā tìn--lo̍h-lâi, i mā bōe hŏng thàm-chhek--tio̍h.

Jio̍k-le̍k chok-iōng sán-seng ê neutrino ū saⁿ chióng lepton bī: tiān-chú neutrino (νe), muon neutrino (νμ), kap tao neutrino (ντ), kok-chū tùi-èng i ê lepton.

Ē-bīn chióng-chióng ê hòng-siā-sèng decay ē-sái sán-seng neutrino:

* goân-chú-hu̍t ia̍h hadron ê beta decay
* tī hêng-chheⁿ hu̍t-sim chū-jiân hoat-seng ê hu̍t-hoán-èng
* jîn-kang hu̍t-hoán-èng, phì-jū hoat-seng tī goân-chú-lô͘, goân-chú-tôaⁿ, ia̍h lia̍p-chú ka-sok-khì.
* chhiau-sin-chheⁿ po̍k-chà ê sî
* tiong-chú-chheⁿ ê spin-down
* ú-tiū-sòaⁿ ia̍h ka-sok lia̍p-chú-sok khì lòng--tio̍h goân-chú ê sî

## Miâ-chheng
In-ūi neutrino sī tiān-tiong-sèng--ê (Italia-gí word stem: *neutr-*), jî-chhiáⁿ i ê chit-liōng chin sè (Italia-gí suffix: *-ino*), khah-chá lâng lóng kiò-sī i bô chit-liōng, só͘-í Italia bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka Enrico Fermi kā i hō chò *neutrino.*

Neutrino tī Hôa-gí lāi-té hŏng hoan-e̍k chò 微中子 (Tâi-oân, Hiong-káng) ia̍h-sī 中微子 (Tiong-kok), che sī chiàu i goân-té ê ì-sù khì hoan-e̍k ·ê.

## Le̍k-sú
1930 nî, Wolfgang Pauli ká-siat neutrino ê chûn-chāi, i sī ūi-tio̍h beh kái-soeh beta pang-hoài án-chóaⁿ î-chhî lêng-liōng, ūn-tōng-liōng, kak-ūn-tōng-liōng (spin) ē siú-hêng. 

## Chù-kái

## Guā-pō͘ liân-kiat

* 
* 
* 

Lūi-pia̍t:Lepton
Lūi-pia̍t:Neutrino
Lūi-pia̍t:1930 nî kho-ha̍k
Sertraline

**Sertraline** mā kiò chò **Sià-khiok-lîm (舍曲林)** , ia̍h ū **Zoloft** ê siong-phín miâ, sī chi̍t chióng sóan-te̍k-sèng huih-chheng-sò͘ chài-liap-chhú ek-chè-chè lūi ê khòng ek-ut io̍h-bu̍t, tī 1991 nî iû Pfizer chè-io̍h kong-su hoat-bêng.

## Sèng-chit
Sertraline sī pe̍h-sek, bâ-bui iûⁿ î chúi ê kiat-chiⁿ.
Eliezer Ben-Yehuda

**Eliezer Ben-Yehuda** (ivrit: אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֵּן־יְהוּדָה‬; ; tshut-sì ê miâ: Eliezer Yitzhak Perlman, 1985 nî 1 gue̍h 7 li̍t – 1923 nî 12 gue̍h 16 li̍t) teh Loo-si-ia tshut-sì, sî-su ha̍k-ka (lexicography) kah sin-bûn pian-tsi̍p (editing) lîn-guân. Ben-yehuda tsò tsi̍t-ê yehudim, i-sī thui-tōng ho̍k-hing ivrit tsò-uî li̍t-siông gí-giân ê lîng-hûn lîn-bu̍t. ivrit tsò-uî kháu-gí teh yehudim tiong sîng-kong ê ho̍k-ua̍h, tsú-iàu in-uī i-e̊ kū-tuā ê kòng-hèn.

Ben-Yehuda bat kóng-kuè: Kèn-nā lán (we) ē-sái tńg-khi̊ ka-kī ê kòo-thóo (irredento), kèn-li̍p ka-kī ê kok-ka, ivrit tō ē-sái ho̍k-ua̍h. I-ê kiáñ: Ben-Zon Ben-Yehuda (tsit-e̊ miâ (given name) ê ì-gī (Meaning (non-linguistic)) teh ivrit sī israel ê kiáñ), sī tē-it-ê iōng hēn-tāi ê ivrit tsò-uî bó-gí ê yehudim.

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-khó bûn-hèn

*  
*Jewish Encyclopedia:  (around 1901, )
* Jack Fellman: *Revival of a Classical Tongue: Eliezer Ben Yehuda and the Modern Hebrew Language* in „Contributions to the Sociology of Language“ No. 6; Walter De Gruyter, 1973,  
* Robert St. John: *Tongue of the Prophets: The Life Story of Eliezer Ben Yehuda*. Greenwood Press, 1972,  (deutsche Ausgabe: Robert St. John: Die Sprache der Propheten. Lebensgeschichte des Elieser Ben-Jehuda, des Schöpfers der neuhebräischen Sprache. Gerlingen 1985.) 
* Englischsprachige Literatur von und über Eliezer Ben-Jehuda 
* Malka Drucker: *Eliezer Ben Yehuda: Father of Modern Hebrew* 

## Ên-sin ua̍t-to̍k

*Blau, Joshua *The Renaissance of Modern Hebrew and Modern Standard Arabic*. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. 1981. 
*Fellman, Jack (1973). *The Revival of a Classical Tongue: Eliezer Ben Yehuda and the Modern Hebrew Language*.  The Hague, Netherlands: Mouton. 1973.  
*    
*Lang, Yosef . *The Life of Eliezer Ben Yehuda*. Yad Yitzhak Ben Zvi, 2 volumes, (Hebrew). 
*Ilan Stavans, *Resurrecting Hebrew*. (2008). 
*Elyada, Ouzi . Hebrew Popular Journalism : Birth and Development in Ottoman Palestine, London and N.Y, Routledge, 2019 (History of Ben-Yehuda’s Press) 

## Tsham-ua̍t
*Language revitalization
*HaZvi

## Guā-pōo lên-ket

* The personal papers of Eliezer Ben-Yehuda are kept at the Central Zionist Archives in Jerusalem. The notation of the record group is A43 
* An interview with Dola Ben-Yehuda Wittmann (Eliezer Ben-Yehuda's daughter) at the Dartmouth Jewish Sound Archive 
*  
*  

Lūi-pia̍t:1858 nî chhut-sì
Lūi-pia̍t:1922 nî kòe-sin
Lūi-pia̍t:Belarusy ê Yehudim
Lūi-pia̍t:Lō͘-si-ia tè-kok ê Yehudim
Lūi-pia̍t:Paris tāi-ha̍k ê hāu-iú
Ohm ê hoat-chek

**Ohm ê hoat-chek** (; hàn-gí: 歐姆定律), tī tiān-ha̍k (electricity, electrical science) lāi-té piáu-sī tō-thé (tō-tiān-thé; electrical conductor) nn̄g-pêng ê tiān-ap (V) kap thong-kòe tō-thé ê tiān-liû (I) sêng chèng-pí (proportionality (mathematics)). Iōng hong-têng piáu-sī lû-hā:

:V=IR,&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;I = \frac{V}{R}

## Chù-kái

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat

* ''Ohm's Law'' chapter from ''Lessons In Electric Circuits Vol 1 DC'' book and series. 

Lūi-pia̍t:Tiān-khì
Lūi-pia̍t:Tiān-chú-ha̍k
Lūi-pia̍t:Tiān-ki kang-têng
Lūi-pia̍t:Keng-giām hoat-chek
Veep

***Veep*** ("Hù-chóng-thóng"; Hôa-gí: 副人之仁 hù-jîn-chi-jîn) sī 1-chhut ùi 2012 nî 4-goe̍h 22-hō khai-sí kàu 2019 nî 5-goe̍h 12-hō siu-soah, tī-leh HBO hòng-sàng ê Bí-kok Sitcom iáⁿ-chi̍p, chit chhut kio̍k sī "The Thick of It" kap "In the Loop" ê pian-kio̍k Armando Iannucci hū-chek kio̍k-pún, liân-tông kui-ê thoân-tūi chòe-hoe phah-phìⁿ. Choân kio̍k hun-chò 7-kuì, lóng-chóng 65-chi̍p. Kio̍k-chêng sī siāu-kài Selina Meyer (Julia Louis-Dreyfus poaⁿ-ián), thâu-1-ê lú-sèng ê Bí-kok hù-chóng-thóng, ta̍k-kang tī-leh pān-kong-sek kap i-ê thoân-tūi kiōng-tông phah-piàⁿ chèng-tī kang-khòe ê kò͘-sū.

Veep hôe-hióng chin-tōa, koh tit--tio̍h chin-chē tōa-chióng, pau-koa liân-sòa 7-kái hō͘ Primetime Emmy Awards thê-miâ Chòe-ka Hí-kio̍k  Iáⁿ-chi̍p, kî-tiong tē 4, 5, 6 kùi tit--tio̍h chióng. Tē 2, 4, 6 kùi mā-ū tit--tio̍h Bí-kok pian-kio̍k kang-hōe chióng tiān-sī hí-kio̍k. Tē 3 kùi tit--tio̍h Tiān-sī phêng-lūn-ka hia̍p-hōe chòe-ka hí-kio̍k chióng.

## Iáⁿ-chi̍p

## Chham-khó

## Gōa-pō· liân-kiat
* Koaⁿ-hong bāng-chām
* 
* 
* 
*
Ŋ

**Ŋ, ŋ** (eng ia̍h-sī engma; : Ŋ, : ŋ) sī khok-tén ê latin jī-bió tsi-it, tsú-iàu tī tsi̍t-kuá gí-giân ê su-bīn-gí hîng-sik kah kok-tsè im-piau lāi-té iōng-lâi tāi-piáu nńg-kok phīñ-im (ng); pí-lû: Ing-gí ⟨sing⟩ it-sû tiong ê ⟨ng⟩. Tī Bí-kok ê Washo-gí (Washo language) lāi-té, sió-siá ê jī-bió (letter case) ⟨ŋ⟩ tāi-piáu tén-hîng (archetype) ê ⟨ŋ⟩ im, tuā-siá ê jī-bió (letter case) ⟨Ŋ⟩ tāi-piáu bô-siañ (voicelessness) ê ŋ̊ (voiceless velar nasal) im. Tsit-ê iok-tīng sī uì Bí-kok gí-im hû-hō (Americanist phonetic notation) lâi-e̊.

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-khó bûn-hèn

*European Computer Manufacturers Association, Standard ECMA-94, 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets – Latin alphabets No. 1 to No. 4, 1996, 2e éd. (1re éd. 1986) (lire en ligne [archive])
*Alexander Gill, Logonomia Anglica, 1619, p. 12
*ISO/IEC 8859-4:1998 – 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets, Part 4: Latin alphabet No. 4 (ébauche), 1998 (lire en ligne [archive])
*T.61 : Character repertoire and coded character sets for the international teletex service (lire en ligne [archive])
*John Maidment, « Eng » [archive], sur John Maidment’s Blog, 29 juin 2011
*John Maidment, « Cedilla 2.1 » [archive]
*Lorna A. Priest, Request to document glyph variants (no L2/08-034R), 18 avril 2008 (lire en ligne [archive])

## Tsham-ua̍t
*Chheng nńg-kok phīⁿ-im (ŋ̊, tshing nńg-kok phīñ-im; ing-gí: voiceless velar nasal; hàn-gí: 清軟顎鼻音)

## Guā-pōo lên-ket
*Practical Orthography of African Languages
*FileFormat.info – Fonts that support LATIN CAPITAL LETTER ENG (U+014A) and LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG (U+014B)
* Ŋ et ŋ, Scriptsource.org

Lūi-pia̍t:Gí-im choán-siá hû-hō
Lūi-pia̍t:Lating bûn-jī jī-bió
Lūi-pia̍t:Lating jī-bió hù-ka piàn-im hû-hō
Perseverance hóe-chheⁿ-chhia

**Perseverance hué-tsheñ-tshia** (guā-hō: Percy; Perseverance hué-tsheñ tham-tshik-khì, Gī-li̍k-hō hué-tsheñ-tshia, Gī-li̍k-hō hué-tsheñ thàm-tshik-khì; poj: Gī-le̍k-hō hóe-chheⁿ-chhia, Gī-le̍k-hō hóe-chheⁿ thàm-chhek-khì; eng-gí: Perseverance mars rover, Perseverance (rover), Percy) sī iû Bí-kok KHTH sóo-sio̍k-ê JPL sóo tsè-tsō-ê, iōng tī hué-tsheñ 2020 līm-bū tiong ê hué-tsheñ-tshia (Mars rover). Tsit-tsiah hué-tsheñ-tshia í-king teh Bí-kok tang-pōo sî-kan (Eastern Time Zone (ET)) 2020-nî 7-gue̍h 30-li̍t tsái-sî 7:50 (sè-kài hia̍p-tiau sî 11:50) huat-siā. Teh bí-kok ka-tsiu sî-kan 2021-nî 2-gue̍h 18-li̍t ē-poo 3:50 (Tâi-pak sî-kan 2-gue̍h 19-li̍t 04:55) sîng-kong ting-lio̍k hué-tsheñ, lî-tshiáñ kàng-lo̍k teh Jezero lòng-kik-kheñ (Jezero (crater)). Perseverance  ê guā-kuan kah Curiosity lóng-beh sio-kāng, ū-tsah 7 tsióng kho-ha̍k gî-khì, 24-ê liap-iáñ kiàñ-thâu, 2-ê mai-ku. Līm-bū kè-uē thàm-tshik Jezero lòng-kik-kheñ hù-kīn ê hué-tsheñ piáu-bīn. Perseverance iá-koh ū-tsah tsi̍t-tâi kiò-tsò Ingenuity ê iâu-khòng ti̍t-sing-ki, beh phuè-ha̍p Perseverance tsìn-hîng kho-ha̍k gén-kiù (research).

## Li̍k-sú

### Tsiūñ-lio̍k

## Tôo-phìñ
### Tsiūñ-liok tē-tôo

### ''Perseverance hué-tsheñ-tshia '' tsoo-sîng ê pōo-hūn
Full look at *Perseverance*s components at https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/spacecraft/rover/.

### Tsá-kî tôo-siōng

### Kńg-kak tôo-siōng

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
*Hóe-chheⁿ-chhia (hué-tsheñ-tshia; eng-gí: mars rover)
* (Battle of Lützen (1632))
* (German campaign of 1813)
* (Shōrin-zu byōbu)
* (Presidential Records Act)

## Guā-pōo lên-ket

* Mars 2020 and ''Perseverance'' rover official site at NASA
* 
* 
* 
* 
* Mars 2020: LANDING of Rover (3:55pm/et/usa, 18 February 2021
* Mars 2020 Perseverance Launch Press Kit
* Mars Xplorer for Android - APK Download

Lūi-pia̍t:Kò-pia̍t hâng-thian-khì
Lūi-pia̍t:Phùn-siā Chhui-chìn Si̍t-giām-sek
Lūi-pia̍t:Hóe-chheⁿ-chhia
*
Lūi-pia̍t:NASA thài-khong thàm-chhek-khì

Lūi-pia̍t:2021 nî teh hóe-chheⁿ
Hiuⁿ

**Hiuⁿ** (香) sī ēng bo̍k-châi hún ka-thiam phang-liāu, io̍h-che kah liâm-ha̍p-che chò-sêng ê ē jiân-sio ê mi̍h-kiāⁿ.
Nagoya Ha̍k-īⁿ Tāi-ha̍k

**Nagoya Ha̍k-īⁿ Tāi-ha̍k** ( *Nagoya Gakuin Daigaku*) sī Ji̍t-pún ê chi̍t keng su-li̍p tāi-ha̍k, siat tī Nagoya-chhī, 1887 nî khai-siat.

Lūi-pia̍t:Ji̍t-pún ê su-li̍p tāi-ha̍k
Ki-pún hun-sek

**Ki-pún hun-sek** (基本分析) sī chi̍t chióng chèng-koàn ia̍h kó͘-phiò kó͘-ta̍t ê hong-hoat, lī-iōng châi-bū hun-sek kap keng-chè-ha̍k siōng ê gián-kiù lai phêng-kó͘ khì-gia̍p kè-ta̍t ia̍h ī-chhek chèng-koàn (chhin-chhiūⁿ kó͘-phiò ia̍h chè-koàn téng) kè-ta̍t ê cháu-sè. Chia-ê pī hun-sek ê ki-pún chu-liāu ē-tàng pau-hâm chi̍t keng kong-si ê châi-bū pò-pió kap hui-châi-bū ê chu-sìn, chhin-chhiūⁿ châi-hòe su-kiû sêng-tióng-sèng ê ī-chhek, khì-gia̍p pí-kàu, sin chè-tō͘ ê éng-hióng hun-sek ia̍h jîn-kháu ê kái-piàn. I thong-siông hām só͘-ūi ê ki-su̍t hun-sek siong-tùi, ki-su̍t hun-sek teh gián-kiù chèng-koàn kè-ta̍t ê chhu-sè sî, pēng bô sú-iōng tio̍h chhī-tiûⁿ pún-sin í-gōa ê in-sò͘ lâi chò ī-chhek.

Lūi-pia̍t:Kó͘-phiò chhī-tiûⁿ
Lūi-pia̍t:Gōa-hōe chhī-tiûⁿ
Gân Jio̍k-hong

**Gân Jio̍k-hong** (顏若芳; ) sī Tâi-oân Bîn-chú Chìn-pō͘ Tóng ê chèng-tī jîn-bu̍t, bat chò kòe Tâi-pak-chhī Gī-hōe Tiong-san-khu kap Tāi-tông-khu ê chhī-gī-oân.

## Chèng-tân seng-gâi
#### 2014-nî [[Tâi-pak-chhī]] te-4 soán-khu ([[Tiong-san-khu (Tâi-pak-chhī)|Tiong-san-khu]], [[Tāi-tông-khu]])

#### 2018-nî [[Tâi-pak-chhī]] te-4 soán-khu ([[Tiong-san-khu (Tâi-pak-chhī)|Tiong-san-khu]], [[Tāi-tông-khu]])

## Sū-chek
2014-nî Kán Û-iàn (簡余晏) kau-pāng ho͘ í-keng tam-līm i-ê chō͘-lí ū 6-nî kú ê Gân Jio̍k-hong,  hiòng soán-bîn thui-chiàn iû Gân Jio̍k-hong sêng-chiap Kán Û-iàn ê chhī gī-goân se̍k-ūi.

## Chù-kái

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
*臺北市議會議員 顏議員若芳簡介 
* 
*顏若芳的Instagram 

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân chèng-tī jîn-bu̍t
J
Kun-ka-ōe

**Kun-ka-ōe** (軍家話), mā kiò **Kun-ōe** (軍話) ia̍h **Kun-siaⁿ** (軍聲), sī thòaⁿ tī Kńg-tang, Hái-lâm, Kńg-sai, Hok-kiàn, kap Tâi-oân téng só͘-chāi ū hong-giân-tó sèng-chit ê Koaⁿ-ōe hong-giân. Chit-má tāi-iok ū kúi-nā cha̍p bān lâng sú-iōng. It-poaⁿ jīn-ûi che sī lâm-hong Hàn-gí khu pau-ûi hā ê Koaⁿ-ōe hong-giân-tó. Tī Hái-lâm tāi-khài ū 10 bān lâng sú-iōng.

## Chù-kái

Lūi-pia̍t:Hok-kiàn giân-gí
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê giân-gí
Hui-chiu húi-chhùi khek-ko͘

**Hui-tsiu huí-tshuì khik-koo** (非洲翡翠-, Hui-tsiu huí-tshuì tōo-kuan; *Chrysococcyx cupreus*) sī tsi̍t-tsióng guân-sán teh hui-tsiu ê  tsiáu.

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
* (Sovcomflot)
* (Thài-iông oo-tiám/Sunspot/Thài-iông oo-tsí)
*(Jī-ióng huà-thài/Titanium dioxide/E171)
* (hàn-gú: Bo̍k-kīn; ha̍k-miâ: Hibiscus syriacus)
* (Kîng-thâu kuàn/Shoebill/Ê-tshuì tsiáu)

## Guā-pōo lên-ket

* African emerald cuckoo - Species text in The Atlas of Southern African Birds.
Giân-gí-tó

**Giân-gí-tó** (言語島), ia̍h **gí-giân-tó** (語言島), sī bó͘ chi̍t chióng giân-gí tī tē-lí hun-pò͘ siōng oân-choân khì hō͘ kî-thaⁿ giân-gí pau-ûi ê hiān-siōng.

## Tô͘-phìⁿ


File:BelgiumBrussels.png|The predominantly French-speaking enclave of Brussels showed as slashed grey and red surrounded by a Dutch-speaking grey area
File:Romania harta etnica 2011.PNG|Teh Tek-kok Giân-gí-tó.
File:Лужицкие сербы на карте Германии.svg|Teh Tek-kok Serbscina gí-giân(Sorbian languages).



## Chù-kái

## Gōa-pō· liân-kiat

* Sprachinselverein  (österr. Sprachinseln) 
* Plautdietsch-Freunde e.V. (zu den Sprachinseln der Russlandmennoniten) 

Lūi-pia̍t:Giân-gú-ha̍k
Tho̍k-im Thóng-it Hōe

**Tho̍k-im Thóng-it Hōe** (讀音統一會) sī Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Kàu-io̍k Pō͘ tī 1913 nî 2 goe̍h 15 hō kàu 5 goe̍h 22 hō tiàu-khui ê hōe-gī, thong-kòe "kok-im piau-chún" (國音標準) kap pheng-siá kok-im ê "chù-im hû-hō".

## Iân-sin oa̍t-tho̍k

*DeFrancis, John, 1950, *Nationalism and Language Reform in China*, Princeton University Press, Chapter 4: One State, One People, One Language
It-sim-lō͘

**It-sim-lō͘**（Eng-gí: **Yisin Rd.**）sī Ko-hiông-chhī ê tang-sai-hiòng tiōng-iàu tō-lō͘. Pún tō-lō͘ hun-chòe nn̄g-ê pō͘-hūn, tang-pêng ùi Khái-soân-lō͘ khai-sí chiap Sūi-liông-lō͘, kàu-tī sai-pêng ê Tiong-san-jī-lō͘ kap Sam-to-saⁿ-lō͘ kháu, kan-na keng-kòe Chiân-tìn-khu.

## Keng-kòe ê Hêng-chèng Khu-he̍k
* Chiân-tìn-khu

## Hun-tōaⁿ
It-sim-lō͘ lóng-chóng hun-chòe nn̄g-ê pō͘-hūn:

* It-sim-it-lō͘: Tang-pêng ùi Khái-soân-saⁿ-lō͘, Khái-soân-sì-lō͘ kháu chiap Sūi-liông-lō͘, sai-pêng tī Bîn-khoân-jī-lō͘ kháu chiap It-sim-jī-lō͘
* It-sim-jī-lō͘: Tang-pêng ùi Bîn-koân-jī-lō͘ kháu chiap It-sim-it-lō͘, sai-pêng soah tī Tiong-san-jī-lō͘ kap Sam-to-saⁿ-lō͘ kháu.

## Le̍k-sú
Lō͘-miâ ùi *[[Siōng-su (chheh)|Siōng-su]]: Chîn-sē* só͘ kì: "Ú sîn sam-chhian ûi it-sim." (予臣三千惟一心) *[[Koán-chú (chheh)|Koán-chú]]: Hoat-kim*: "Bú-ông iú sîn sam-chhian jī it-sim." (武王有臣三千而一心) Chhú "Bān-chiòng it-sim (萬眾一心)" ê ì-sù. Chiu-bú-ông ê tiâu-sîn sui-jiân ū kúi-nā chheng miâ, m̄-ko lóng ē-tàng thoân-kiat chi̍t-tiâu sim, só͘-í kok-ka it-tēng chhiong-sèng.

2014 nî 7goe̍h 31 ji̍t àm-mê in-ūi hoat-seng Ko-hiông Khì-po̍k Sū-kò͘ ê éng-hióng, hō͘ It-sim-lō͘ kui-tiâu (ùi Khái-soân-lō͘ kháu kàu Kong-hôa-lō͘ kháu) bōe thong. Keng-kòe saⁿ kò goe̍h ê tiông-kiàn liáu-āu, tī kâng-nî 11 goe̍h 20 ji̍t pòaⁿ-mê 12 tiám oân-kang, tông-sî khai-hòng thong-chhia.

## Chham-ua̍t
*Ko-hiông-chhī chú-iàu tō-lō͘ chheng-toaⁿ (高雄市主要道路列表)

Lūi-pia̍t:Chiân-tìn-khu
Lūi-pia̍t:Ko-iông-chhī ke-lō͘
Hân-kok Gá-suh Kong-siā

**Hân-kok Gá-suh Kong-siā** (韓國가스公社) sī Tāi-hân Bîn-kok chèng-hú tī 1983 nî chhòng-li̍p ê chi̍t keng kok-êng sū-gia̍p.
Hân-kok Chúi-le̍k Goân-chú-le̍k

**Hân-kok Chúi-le̍k Goân-chú-le̍k** (Hàn-jī: 韓國水力原子力; Ko-lê-jī: 한국수력원자력), kán-siá **KHNP**, sī Hân-kok Tiān-le̍k Kong-siā ê chú-kong-si. I-ê êng-ūn hāng-bo̍k sī Hân-kok ê tōa-hêng goân-chú-le̍k kap chúi-le̍k hoat-tiān-chhiúⁿ, tāi-iok chiàm hit-ê kok-ka 40% ê tiān-le̍k kiong-èng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Hân-kok he̍k-tiān kong-si
Koan-tn̂g E̍k-hòa Thian-jiân-khì Chiap-siu-chām

**Koan-tn̂g E̍k-hòa Thian-jiân-khì Chiap-siu-chām** (觀塘液化天然氣接收站), koh kiò chò **Tē-saⁿ Chiap-siu-chām** (第三接收站) ia̍h **Koan-tn̂g E̍k-hòa Thian-jiân-khì Chhiúⁿ** (觀塘液化天然氣廠), kán-chheng **Sam-chiap** (三接), sī Tâi-oân ê Tâi-oân Tiong-iû Kong-si tng-teh heng-kiàn ê tē-saⁿ chō e̍k-hòa thian-jiân-khì chiap-siu-chām, tī Thô-hn̂g-chhī Koan-im-khu ê Tōa-thâm Koan-tn̂g Kang-gia̍p-khu kiam kang-gia̍p-káng lāi. Khí ê bo̍k-tek sī beh kā ùi kok-gōa chìn-kháu e̍k-hòa thian-jiân-khì (LNG) keng-kòe tû-chûn, ka-ap, khì-hòa kap kè-liōng liáu-āu, ēng thian-jiân-khì kóng-sòaⁿ sàng hō͘ kīn-óa ê Tâi-oân Tiān-le̍k Kong-si Tōa-thâm Hoat-tiān-chhiúⁿ sin-cheng #7, #8, #9 jiân-khì ho̍k-sûn-khoân hoat-tiān ki-cho͘, í-ki̍p pak Tâi-oân kî-thaⁿ jiân-khì tiān-chhiúⁿ, kang-chhiúⁿ oe-lô͘ kap bîn-seng ka-têng iōng-khì su-kiû, kàu-sî Tâi-oân pak, tiong, lâm kok ū chi̍t chō chiap-siu-chām.

Lūi-pia̍t:Koan-im-khu
E̍k-hòa thian-jiân-khì

**E̍k-hòa thian-jiân-khì** (液化天然氣), kán-chheng **LNG**, sī tī siông-ap hà sī ē-thé ê thian-jiân-khì. It-poaⁿ e̍k-hòa thian-jiân-khì tī phó͘-thong tāi-khì-ap hā sī khì-thé, m̄-koh thang keng-iû kàng-un kàu lêng-hā 163 lia̍p-sī tō͘ lâi e̍k-hòa.

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
*GIIGNL 2018 Annual Report (video)  
*LNG educational Video. How Natural Gas is compressed into Liquid Natural Gas for transport (Shell). 
* Center For LNG 

Lūi-pia̍t:Jiân-liāu khì-thé
Lūi-pia̍t:Thian-jiân-khì
Lūi-pia̍t:Kang-gia̍p khì-thé
Hân-kok Tiān-le̍k Kong-siā

**Hân-kok Tiān-le̍k Kong-siā** (韓國電力公社; 한국전력공사), kán-chheng **Hân-kok Tiān-le̍k** (한국전력) ia̍h **Hân-tiān** (한전), kán-siá **KEPCO**, sī Hân-kok siāng-tōa ê tiān-le̍k kong-si. I-ê chóng-pō͘ tī Jeolla Lâm-tō Naju Chhī. Tī Fortune Global 500 pâi tē 271 miâ. Hân-kok 93% ê tiān-le̍k lóng sī Hân-kok Tiān-le̍k Kong-siā kiong-èng--ê.

Lūi-pia̍t:Hân-kok tiān-le̍k kong-si
Lūi-pia̍t:Hân-kok ê kong-si
Lūi-pia̍t:NYSE chiūⁿ-chhī kong-si
Lí Kok-téng

**Lí Kok-téng** (李國鼎; ) sī Tâi-oân ê chèng-tī-ka kiam keng-chè-ha̍k-ka. I tī Tiong-kok Lâm-kiaⁿ chhut-sì, Kok-li̍p Tiong-iong Tāi-ha̍k bu̍t-lí-ha̍k ha̍k-sū. I sī "Tâi-oân keng-chè kî-chek ê tiōng-iàu thui-sak-chiá" ia̍h "Tâi-oân ê kho-ki kàu-hū" téng. I bat chò kòe Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Keng-chè-pō͘ kap Châi-chèng-pō͘ pō͘-tiúⁿ. Chāi-jīm sî thui-tōng chē-chē keng-chè kiàn-siat, tī 1982 nî thui-tōng siu-chèng *Kho-ha̍k Ki-su̍t Hoat-tián Hong-àn* (科學技術發展方案), soán-te̍k lêng-goân, chū-tōng-hòa, châi-liāu, chu-sìn, seng-bu̍t kho-ki, kng-tiān, si̍t-phín kho-ki, kap koaⁿ-iām hông-tī téng 8 hāng chò-ûi tiōng-tiám kho-ki hāng-bo̍k.
So͘ Chu-hong

**So͘ Chu-hong** (蘇姿丰; ), Eng-gí miâ **Lisa Su**, sī Tâi-oân chhut-sin ê Bí-kok khì-gia̍p-ka. Hiān-jīm AMD ê CEO kiam chóng-chhâi. I tī Tâi-oân Tâi-lâm-chhī chhut-sì, 3 hòe ê sî tòe pē-bú î-bîn Bí-kok seng-oa̍h kap sêng-tióng, chhú-tit Massachusetts Lí-kang Ha̍k-īⁿ tiān-ki-ha̍k ha̍k-sū, se̍k-sū, kap phok-sū ha̍k-ūi. I tī Hôa-gí sè-kài ū chi̍t ê phian-miâ hō-chò **So͘-má** (蘇媽).

## Chù-kái

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat

*Lisa Su at AMD
Âng-liân-hî

**Âng-liân-hî**（紅鰱魚） sī chi̍t lūi Salmonidae Kho ê hî.

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat

* "Last Stand of the American Salmon," G. Bruce Knecht for Men's Journal 
* ''Plea for the Wanderer'', an NFB documentary on West Coast salmon
The Newsroom

The Newsroom ("Sin-bûn Pian-chip-sit"; Hôa-gí: 新聞急先鋒 Sin-bûn Kip-sian-hong / 新聞編輯室 Sin-bûn Pian-chi̍p-sek) sī 1-chhut ùi 2012 nî 6 goe̍h 24 khai-sí kàu 2014 nî 12 goe̍h 14 siu-soah, tī-leh HBO hòng-sàng ê Bí-kok chèng-tī iáⁿ-chi̍p, ta̍k-chi̍p tāi-khài 52 kàu 73 hun-cheng, lóng-chóng ū 3 kùi 25 chi̍p.

Chi̍t-chhut kio̍k ēng sî-kan-sòaⁿ lâi têng-hiān chi̍t ê hi-kò͘ ê tiān-sī-tâi pîn-tō "Atlantis Cable News (ACN)" āu-piah chè-chō sin-bûn ê hong-sek, mā ū piáu-hiān ACN ê chú-pò͘ Will McAvoy (Jeff Daniels poaⁿ-ián) kap i ê chè-chō thoân-tūi bīn-tùi "tiān-sī-tâi ê siong-gia̍p lī-ek kap ka-kī kian-chhî ê sin-bûn lí-liām hō͘-siong chhiong-thu̍t" sî beh án-nóa kai-koat.

Phah--kòe ti̍t--tio̍h Emmy chióng ê chèng-tī kio̍k "The West Wing" ê Sorkin, 2009 khai-sí hō͘ mûi-thé pò kóng i tng-leh kè-ōe 1 ê tē-sì-tâi sin-bûn siong-koan ê tiān-sī kio̍k. Chham-siông kui gōa goe̍h liáu-āu, kâng-nî 9 goe̍h, HBO koat-tēng beh bé i ê iáⁿ-chi̍p, Sorkin ūi-tio̍h chit chhut hì tiau-cha kap koan-chhat kui ê hiān-si̍t sè-kài ê sin-bûn chiat-bo̍k. I kap Scott Rudin, Alan Poul 3 ê lâng tang-chè hū-chek chè-chō-jîn ê khang-khòe.

## Kio̍k-chêng khài-iàu
Lóng-chóng 25 chi̍p ê The Newsroom sī leh ián 1 ê hi-kò͘ ê tiān-sī-tâi "Atlantis Cable News (ACN)" pōe-āu án-nóa lâi ūn-chok ê kò͘-sū, kî-tiong 1 ê àm-sî 8 tiám hòng-sàng ê sin-bûn chiat-bo̍k "News Night with Will McAvoy" ê chú-pò͘ Will McAvoy tú--tio̍h sin-lâi ê chè-chō-jîn mā-sī i ê chêng lú-pêng-iú MacKenzie, koh ū kî-tha ê oân-kang Jim Harper, Maggie Jordan, Sloan Sabbith, Neal Sampat, Don Keefer, chò-hóe tī-leh sin-bûn pian-chi̍p-sek chè-chō sin-bûn chiat-bo̍k ê kò͘-sū.

## ián-goân
### Chú-iàu ián-goân
* Will McAvoy (Jeff Daniels ián): "News Night" ê chú-pò kap pian-chi̍p. 
* MacKenzie "Mac" Morgan McHale (Emily Mortimer ián): Ùi Iraq kap Afghanistan chò 26 kò-goe̍h ê pò-tō tńg-lâi, "News Night" ê sin chè-chok-jîn.
* James "Jim" Harper (John Gallagher Jr. ián): Tòe McHale ùi gōa-kok tńg-lâi, mā ka-ji̍p "News Night" ê thoân-tūi.
* Margaret "Maggie" Jordan (Alison Pill ián): McAvoy ê chō͘-lí, hō͘ McHale seng-chò chè-chok chō͘-lí.
* Don Keefer (Thomas Sadoski ián): Lî-khui "News Night" ê chè-chok-jîn, jiân-āu hū-chek 10 tiám ê sin-bûn.
* Neal Sampat (Dev Patel ián): Hū-chek siá McAvoy ê blog, mā ài siu-chi̍p bāng-lō͘ ê siau-sek. 
* Sloan Sabbith (Olivia Munn ián): ACN e-po͘ 4 tiám châi-keng sin-bûn chú-pò.
* Charlie Skinner (Sam Waterston ián): ACN sin-bûn-pō͘ chóng-chhâi.

## Iáⁿ-chi̍p

## Chham-khó

## Gōa-pō· liân-kiat
* Koaⁿ-hong bāng-chām
* 
* 

Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok iáⁿ-chi̍p
Lūi-pia̍t:HBO
Zaluzhany (Sambir Koān)

**Zaluzhany** (Ukraina-gí: ) sī chi̍t ê tī Ukraina Kiōng-hô-kok Lviv Chiu Sambir Koān ê chng-thâu (*[[selo]]*).

## Chham-khó

## Chham-oa̍t
* Ukraina ê chng-thâu

## Gōa-pō· liân-kiat
*Залужани на сайті Верховної ради України 

Lūi-pia̍t:Lviv Chiu ê chng-thâu
Soan Bêng-tì

**Soan Bêng-tì** (宣明智; ) sī Tâi-oân ê seng-lí-lâng kiam chèng-tī jîn-bu̍t. Bat chò kòe Liân-hôa Tiān-chú ê chóng-keng-lí, hiān-jīm Liân-hôa Tiān-chú êng-ū hù-táng-sū-tiúⁿ.
Liân-hôa Tiān-chú

**Liân-hôa Tiān-chú Kó͘-hūn Iú-hān Kong-si** (聯華電子股份有限公司), kán-chheng **Liân-tiān** (聯電), Eng-gí choân-miâ **United Microelectronics Corporation**, sok-siá **UMC**, tī 1980 nî chhòng-li̍p, sī Tâi-oân tē-it keng chek-thé tiān-lō͘ kong-si.
BASF

**BASF** sī chi̍t keng Tek-kok ê hòa-ha̍k kong-si. BASF sī khah-chá choân-miâ ***Badische Anilin-und-Soda-Fabrik*** ê sok-siá.
Thài-ló͘-koh-hō lia̍t-chhia pāi-bé sū-kò͘

Tâi-oân Thih-lō͘ Koán-lí-kio̍k Taroko-hō 408 chhia-chhù pāi-bé (derailment) sū-kò͘, sī 2021 nî 4 goe̍h chhe 2 téng-tàu 9 tiám 28 hun tī Tâi-oân Hoa-lian-koān Siù-lîm-hiong Hô-jîn-toān Chheng-chúi pōng-khang pak-kháu, Tâi-thih Pak-hôe-sòaⁿ ê Taroko Chū-kiông-hō lia̍t-chhia pāi-bé ì-gōa. Chē ū 492 lâng lú-khek ê tē 408 chhia-chhù Taroko Chū-kiông-hō beh keng-kòe Hoa-lian Tōa-chheng-chúi pōng-khang chìn-chêng, lòng--tio̍h 1 tâi ùi soaⁿ-piah lak--lo̍h-lâi ê kang-têng-chhia jiân-āu hoat-seng thoat-khám, chē-chē lú-kheh siak khì chhia-gōa, chō-sêng 51 lâng sí-bông kap 178 lâng siū-siong. Chit-kái ê sū-kiāⁿ sī Tâi-thih ùi 1948 nî Sin-tiàm-khe-kiô hóe-sio-chhia sū-kiāⁿ liáu-āu siōng giâm-tiōng ê pāi-bé sū-kò͘, sí-bông jîn-sò͘ chhiau-kòe 2018 nî Puyuma lia̍t-chhia pāi-bé sū-kò͘ koh khah chē. Mā-sī ùi 1948 nî Tâi-oân Thih-lō͘ Koán-lí-kio̍k sêng-li̍p kap 1949 nî Tiong-hôa-bîn-kok chèng-hú sóa lâi Tâi-oân liáu-āu, siōng giâm-tiōng ê sí-siong sū-kò͘.

## Sū-kò͘
### Khí-in (koh iah-bē oân-choân bú-chheng-chhó)
Tong-sî Tâi-thih toa chheng-chúi lō͘-tōaⁿ 51K ê só͘-chāi ū Kau-thong-pō gōa-pau ê Sin chheng-chúi pōng-khang ê pōng-khang kang-têng tng-teh chìn-hêng si-kang. Hit-tang-chūn u chi̍t-chiah kang-têng chhia-lióng ûi-kui theng-teh thih-lō͘-piⁿ ê siâ-pho téng-koân. Koh gî-sū bô kah chhiú-tòng giú-khí-lâi, tì-sú kang-têng-chhia chhu-lo̍h-khì thih-ki-lō͘ téng-koân. In-chhú, tì-sú tú-hó ùi Lîn-hô pōng-khang sái-chhut-lâi ê Tarako-hō lia̍t-chhia, hit-tang-chūn lia̍t-chhia koh-beh chìn-ji̍p Chheng-chúi pōng-khang chìn-chêng bô-hoat-tō͘ kah hóe-chhia tóng-á tòng-khí-lâi. Taroki-hō sûi-koh lòng-tio̍h chhu-ê thih-ki-lō͘ téng-koân ê kang-têng-chhia, kui-ê lia̍t-chhia má-siāng pāi-bé koh ti̍t-chiap chhîⁿ-ah kah chhiong-ji̍p-khì pōng-khang lāi-té ê piah-bīn.

Kok-ka ūn-su an-choân tiâu-cha úi-goân-hōe piáu-sī tiāu-sū kah kang-te-chhia bô-giú chhiú-tòng ia̍h-sī chhiú-tòng kò͘-chiong lóng-ū khó-lêng, í-keng phài-lâng kóaⁿ-hù hiān-tiûⁿ chhái-chèng. Sú-iōng 3D sàu-biâu, bô-jîn-ki kap kng-ha̍k lûi-ta̍t liap-iáⁿ, ī-kó͘ 3 chì 6 kò-ge̍h ē-sái oân-sêng tiâu-cha pò-kò.

## Siong-bông

## Sū-kò͘ chhia-siuⁿ
Chit-ê sū-kò͘ pian-cho͘ TEMU1013+1014 sī 2016-nî cheng-kò͘ ê nn̄g-lia̍t TEMU1000-hêng ê siú-lia̍t. Kat-taⁿ êng-ūn tāi-iok-á ū 5-nî 3 kò-gōa-goe̍h. Tē-8 chhia kàu tē-3 chhia poàn-chia̍t kiōng 5-chhia koh poàn-chia̍t ê chhia-siuⁿ tiâu-teh pōng-khang lāi-té, kî-tiong tē-8 chhia chì tē-5 chhia giâm-tiōng piàn-hêng siū-sún.

## Chham-khó

## Gōa-pō· liân-kiat

*「0402臺鐵408次太魯閣號事故」專區 
* 
*太魯閣號駕駛員視角影片（含模擬影片） 
*事故簡報（110/4/3 1900更新版） 

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê chai-hāi
Lūi-pia̍t:Thih-lō͘ sū-kò͘
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân thih-tō-sú
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân kau-thong sū-kò͘
Kok-ka Gú-giân Hoat-tián Hoat

**Kok-ka Gú-giân Hoat-tián Hoat** sī Tiong-hôa-bîn-kok ūi-tio̍h beh pó-chiòng kap thui-tōng kok Tâi-oân cho̍k-kûn gí-giân hoat-tián ê hoat-lu̍t, siōng-chá sī ùi 2007 nî 2 goe̍h chhe 2 iû Hêng-chèng-īⁿ bûn-hòa kiàn-siat úi-oân-hōe thê-chhut, choân-bûn lóng-chóng 12 tiâu. 2017 nî 7 goe̍h chhe 3 bûn-hòa-pō͘ koh 1 pái thê-chhut choân-bûn lóng-chóng 16 tiâu ê pán-pún. 2018 nî 12 goe̍h 25, Chit ê hoat-àn tī Li̍p-hoat-īⁿ sam-tho̍k thong-kòe choân-bûn 17 tiâu, chiâⁿ-chò Tiong-hôa-bîn-kok gí-giân chèng-chhek ê hoat-goân.

## Keng-kòe
Chit-tiâu hoat-àn ê li̍p-hoat cheng-sîn, siōng-chá ē-sái ùi 1983 nî khai-sí, Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Kàu-io̍k-pō͘ chè-tēng ê "Gí-bûn hoat" chhó-àn, m̄-koh Tâi-oân siā-hōe tùi chit-chióng to̍k-chun Kok-gí (Hôa-gí) ê li̍p-hoat cheng-sîn chin tò-tōaⁿ, lo̍h-bóe chhó-àn to̍h hō͘ thiat-hôe. 2001 nî UNESCO (Liân-ha̍p-kok kàu-kho-bûn chó͘-chit) kā Tâi-oân goân-chū-bîn gí-giân phiau-chò "óa-hiám" gí-giân, kàu-io̍k-pō͘ koh-chài chhiau-chhōe kok-gōa siong-koan chu-liāu, chéng-lí "Goân-chū Bîn-cho̍k Gú-giân Hoat-tián Hoat," "Gí-giân Kong-pêng Hoat" kap Tiong-iong gián-kiù-īⁿ gí-giân-ha̍k gián-kiù-só͘ gí-tēng ê "Gú-giân Bûn-jī Ki-pún Hoat," í-siōng 3 tiâu hoat-àn piàn-chò "Gí-giân pêng-téng hoat," ǹg-bāng ē-sái li̍p-hoat thong-kòe. 

2003 nî "Gí-giân pêng-téng hoat chhó-àn" chú-chhî tan-ūi choán-chò Hêng-chèng-īⁿ bûn-hòa kiàn-siat úi-oân-hōe, hoat-lu̍t tiâu-bûn ê kui-hoān ùi bú-gí ê ūn-iōng kái-chò thui-sak "bûn-hòa pó-chûn" kap kok-ka gí-giân ê hoat-tián. Keng-kòe tiong-iong chèng-hú khòa pō͘-hōe chham-siông liáu-āu, hoat-lu̍t ê tiōng-tiám pau-koat Kok-ka gí-giân ê tēng-gī, chú-koán ki-koan, khoân-lī, pó-hō͘ kap hoat-tián. Lēng-gōa, chit-tiâu hoat-lu̍t mā kiông-tiāu ài chun-tiōng kok gí-giân ê to-goân-sèng, pêng-téng hoat-tián kap thoân-sêng.

2016 nî 4 goe̍h 20, Li̍p-úi Koán Phek-lêng tī li̍p-hoat-īⁿ koh 1 pái thê-àn.

2016 nî 12 goe̍h, bûn-hòa-pō͘ úi-thok Kok-li̍p Tâi-tiong Kàu-io̍k Tāi-ha̍k Tâi-oân gí-bûn ha̍k-hē hē-chú-jīm Png Iāu-khiân (方耀乾) chú-chhî Kok-ka gí-giân hoat-tián hoat ê gián-kiù kap kui-ōe kè-e̍k-àn.

2017 nî 6 goe̍h 30, kè-e̍k-àn "Kok-ka gí-giân hoat-tián hoat chhó-àn" thê-kau bûn-hòa-pō͘.

2018 nî 12 goe̍h 25, li̍p-hoat-īⁿ sam-tho̍k thong-kòe "Kok-ka gí-giân hoat-tián hoat" choân-bûn 17 tiâu.

2019 nî chiàⁿ goe̍h chhe 9, chóng-thóng Chhòa Eng-bûn chhiam-sú "Hôa chóng it gī jī tē 10800003831 hō chóng-thóng-lêng" kong-pò͘ chit-ê hoat-lu̍t.

## Chham-khó

## Siong-koan tiâu-bo̍k
* Tâi-oân ê giân-gí
* Kok-ka Gú-giân Hoat-tián Hoat Chhó-àn

## Gōa-pō· liân-kiat

*中華民國文化部-國家語言發展法 
*《國家語言發展法》三讀通過！不只台語，原住民語和手語也都是「國家語言」 

Lūi-pia̍t:Tiong-hôa-bîn-kok hoat-lu̍tLūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê hoat-lu̍t
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân kàu-io̍k kái-kek
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê giân-gí
Lūi-pia̍t:2019 nî hoat-lu̍t
Lūi-pia̍t:Gí-giân hoat
Santi Duangsawang

**Santi Duangsawang** (1968 nî 1 goe̍h 10 ji̍t - 2016 nî 11 goe̍h 4 ji̍t), sī Thài-kok ê koa-chhiú.

Lūi-pia̍t:Thài-kok koa-chhiú
Lūi-pia̍t:Thài-kok jîn-bu̍t
I-ha̍k choan-kho

**I-ha̍k tsuan-kho** (chín-liâu-kho; eng-gí: medical speciality; hàn-gí: 醫學專科; li̍tpún-gí: 診療科(しんりょうか)) sī piáu-sī i-ha̍k lāi-té iú-kuan koh i-ha̍k si̍t-bū ê hun-kho. Lāi-kho i-su ia̍h-sī guā-kho i-su teh i-ha̍k-īnn pit-gia̍p liáu-āu, ē-teh ti̍k-tīng ê i-ha̍k tsuan-kho kè-sio̍k i-ê i-ha̍k kàu-io̍k. Tsìn-hîng ê hong-sik sī teh i-ha̍k tsuan-kho tam-līm kui-lo̍h-nî ê tuà-īnn i-su, tán-kah the̍h-tio̍h tsuan-kho i-su ê tsu-keh.

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
* (Glencore)
*99942 Apophis (sió hîng-tshenn 99942, poj: sió hêng-chheⁿ 99942; eng-gí: 99942 Apophis; hàn-gí: 小行星99942)
* (Washington chiu kong-kiōng kàu-io̍k tsóng-kàm pān-kong-sik/Washington State Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction)
* (im-ga̍k kî-phóo-huat/Musical notation)
* (Lockheed CP-140 Aurora)

## Guā-pōo lên-ket
*Specialty Profiles 
*How to Choose a Medical Specialty  

Lūi-pia̍t:I-ha̍k choan-gia̍p
Lūi-pia̍t:Sin-suí chheng-toaⁿ
De Morgan ê hoat-chek

**De Morgan ê hoat-chek (**Eng. De Morgan's laws**)** sī koan-î bīng-tē lô-chi̍p ê chi̍t-tùi hoat-chek, i hō· Eng-kok ê sò·-ha̍k-ka Augustus de Morgan hoat-hiān.

## Lōe-iông
Tī chi̍p-ha̍p lāi-té:

:\left(A\cap B\right)^C=A^C\cup B^C

:\left(A\cup B\right)^C=A^C\cap B^C

## Kái-soeh
Lán kah kun-kù ki-pún bēng-tê p, q ê līm-ì bēng-tê sǹg-hû P(o,q,...) ê tùi-giô tēng-gī chò:

:\neg \mbox{P}^d(\neg p, \neg q, ...)

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
* sò·-ha̍k ê sè-kài: De Morgan ê hoat-chek

Lūi-pia̍t:Boolean tài-sò͘
OPS 5111

**OPS 5111** (NDS-1, GPS I-1, hi̍k-tsiá GPS SVN-2) sī Bí-kok tō-hâng uē-tsheñ, teh 1978-nî huat-siā. Ia̍h-sī tsuân-kiû tīng-uī hē-thóng khai-huat kè-uē ē tsi̍t pōo-hūn. I-sī tē-it lia̍p huat-siā ê GPS uē-tsheñ; mā sī 12-lia̍p Block I sī-huān uē-tsheñ tsi-it. 

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
*Chiân-chiam hóe-chìⁿ gián-kiù tiong-sim (tsiân-tsiam hué-tsìnn gián-kiù tiong-sim; eng-gí: Advanced Rocket Research Center (ARRC))
* (Tîng-sú huat/Procedural law)
* (Tsuē-hîng huat-tīng guân-tsik/Nulla poena sine lege/Tsuē-hîng huat-tīng tsú-gī)
* (Het-thóng tsú-gī/Jus sanguinis)
* (Barnard tsheñ/Barnard's Star)

## Guā-pōo lên-ket
*OPS 5111 (NAVSTAR 1) Satellite details 1978-020A NORAD 10684 
*OPS 5111 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration Wiki
C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy)

**C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy)** sī iû Ò-tsiu thian-bûn ài-hó-tsiá Terry Lovejoy teh 2014-nî 8-gue̍h 17-hō lī-iōng 0.2-bí (8 ing-tshùn) ê Schmidt-Cassegrain tiàu-kiàñ sóo huat-hiān ê tn̂g-tsiu-kî tn̂g-bué-tsheñ. Huat-hiān tsit-lia̍p tn̂g-bué-tsheñ ê sī-tsheñ-tíng (apparent magnitude) sī 15-tíng, uī-tì teh lâm-thian-kiû (Southern celestial hemisphere) ê tsûn-bué-tsō. Tse-sī Terry Lovejoy sóo huat-hiān--ê tē-5 lia̍p tn̂g-bué-tsheñ.

## Tôo-phìñ

File:Celestial Nomad Takes Centre Stage.jpg|C/2014 Q2 huat-tshut tsheñ-sik e kng tsiàu-kuè La Silla Thian-bûn-tâi
File:Comet - 2014 Q2 - Lovejoy.jpg|C/2014 Q2 uì thian-thò͘-chō khuàñ-kuè, 2014 12-gue̍h 29
File:2015-01-17 Comet C2014 Q2 Lovejoy 4x60sec f10 2000mm ISO2500.jpg|C/2014 Q2,  2015 1-gue̍h 17, sú-iōng tsi̍t-hù 8" Schmidt-Cassegrain tiàu-kiàñ
File:Comet lovejoy and the Pleiades.jpg|C/2014 Q2 kah Pleiades tsheñ-thuân, 2015 1-gue̍h 19, sú-iōng DSLR
File:PIA19354-CometLovejoy-20150130.jpg|C/2014 Q2, 2015 1-gue̍h 30, NEOWISE


## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
*Hapith kè-uē" (eng-gí: Hapith Project)
*
*
* (Kh-47M2 Kinzhal)
* (khui-tiunn/khui-bōo)

## Guā-pōo lên-ket

* Two possible light curves (Alexandre Amorim)
* C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy) images (Damian Peach)
* C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy) at CometBase database 

20140817
2014Q02
20150107
20140817
20150130
Macaca nigra

**Macaca nigra** (oo-kâu; poj: o͘-kâu; ing-gú: celebes crested macaque (macaca nigra), crested black macaque, Sulawesi crested macaque, black ape) sī mî-kâu-sio̍k ē-kha e tsit-ê tsióng, hun-pòo teh Ìn-nî Sulawesi tó kah lím-kīn ê tó-sū. Oo-kâu kui-sin-khu tuā-pōo-hūn sī oo-sik--ê, thâu-khak-tíng ū kui-tshok khiā-ti̍t ê thâu-moo; thé-tn̂g 45-mm tsì 60-mm, tāng 7 tsì 10-kg, siū-miā liōng-kî-iok--á 20-nî.

## Pó-hōo
2007-nî 11-gue̍h, khiā-teh Ing-kok Kernow Newquay tōng-bu̍t-hn̂g (Newquay zoo) thâi--sí nn̄g-tsiah kan-na sī kuaiñ tsò-hué khí sio-phah ê oo-kâu. Iû-î tsit--ê tōng-bu̍t-hn̂g bô-kah tong-tē ê tōng-bu̍t pó-hōo ki-kòo kap nn̄g-tsiah kâu ê tshī-iúnn-guân liân-hē tō tuā-tsú tuā-ì thâi--sí pin-guî tōng-bu̍t, tì-sú hoo tsiâñ-tsē tōng-bu̍t pó-hōo hia̍p-huē (voluntary association) lâi khén-tsik. 

## Tôo-siōng

File:Schopfpavian-drawing.jpg|Oo-kâu uē-siōng.
File:Macaca nigra self-portrait (rotated and cropped).jpg|Oo-kâu ê miâ kiò-tsò Naruto


## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
*Contre-jour (tsián-íng (liap-iáñ); poj: chián-éng (liap-iáⁿ); eng-gí: contre-jour, photographic profile)
* PMID (PubMed Identifier)
* PubMed Central Canada
* Redalyc (similar project focused on Latin America)
* SciELO (similar service)

## Guā-pōo lên-ket

*
*
*ARKive - images and movies of the crested black macaque ''(Macaca nigra)''
* Primate Info Net ''Macaca nigra'' Factsheet
* The Macaca Nigra Project 

Celebes crested macaque
Lūi-pia̍t:Endemic fauna of Indonesia
Lūi-pia̍t:Mammals of Sulawesi
Lūi-pia̍t:Primates of Indonesia
Lūi-pia̍t:Critically endangered fauna of Asia
Celebes crested macaque
Lōa Ga̍k-khiam

**Luā Ga̍k-khiam** (; 賴岳謙), hiān-tsú-sî tam-līm tiong-sî tiān-chú-pò siā-tiúnn, Si̍t-tsiān Tāi-ha̍k kàu-siū, Kok-li̍p Chèng-tī Tāi-ha̍k guā-kau-hē kiam-līm hù-kàu-siū. Pa̍t tam-līm Tshin-bîn-tóng hoat-giân-lîn (spokesperson).。

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
*
* (phīñ-tiong-keh/Nasal septum)
*
*
* (sequel)

## Guā-pōo lên-ket
*
*

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê sî-sū phêng-lūn-oân
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân Kheh-lâng
Lūi-pia̍t:Lōa--sī
Lūi-pia̍t:Chúi-lí-lâng
Málâisea hêng

**[[Má-lâi-se-a|Málâisea]] ** (ing-gú: Malaysian plover; ha̍k-miâ: Charadrius peronii) sī tsi̍t-tsióng sió-hîng (tāi-iok 35–42 g) ê sia̍p-khîm-luī (wader). Tshe-hioh teh Tang-lâm-a ê hái-poo ia̍h-sī iâm-guân (iâm-puâñ, iâm-than) tíng-kuân.

## Biâu-su̍t
Málâisea hêng tn̂g-15 cm (5.9 ).  kang-ê ē-tàng thong-kuè i-ê ām-kún tíng-kuân ê oo-sik sè-tuà lâi sik-pe̍t; Bó-ê ū tsit-tiâu tsang-sik ê sè-tuà. Málâisea hêng ê kha-thuí sī tsheñ-pe̍h sik ê. I-ê siañ-im koh tsiâñ nńg-khuàñ.

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-khó bûn-hèn

* .
* 
* 
* 

## Tsham-ua̍t
* (wader)

## Guā-pōo lên-ket
*
*

*Charadrius peronii (Malay Plover) 
*ADW: Charadrius peronii: CLASSIFICATION 
*Zoonomen Nomenclature Resource Page 
*Taxonomy browser (Charadriidae)
Kok-li̍p Kim-mn̂g Tāi-ha̍k

**Kok-li̍p Kim-mn̂g Tāi-ha̍k** (國立金門大學) sī Tiong-hoâ Bîn-kok Hok-kiàn-sing Kim-mn̂g-kuān ê tsi̍t-king kok-li̍p tāi-ha̍k, uî Kim-mn̂g-kuān ê siōng-kuân ha̍k-hú. Tsiân-sin sī 1972-nî Kok-li̍p Ko-hiông kho-ha̍k ki-su̍t ha̍k-īnn (National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences) hù-siet tsuan-kho-pōo Kim-mn̂g hun-pōo. Hāu pún-pōo khiā-tī Kim-lêng-hiong, bo̍k-tsiân lóng-tsóng ū 4-ê ha̍k-īnn, 17-ê hē, 12-ê gián-kiù-sóo si̍k-sū-pan, 2-ê si̍k-sū tsāi-tsit tsuan-pan. Tsio-siu ha̍k-tsè  siet-iú tāi-ha̍k-pōo, tsìn-siu-pōo, si̍k-sū-pan, si̍k-sū tsāi-tsit tsuan-pan, sán-gia̍p phok-sū-pan tíng-tíng pan-pia̍t.

## Tsù-kái

## Guā-pōo lên-ket
* 
* Kok-li̍p Kim-mn̂g tāi-ha̍k 

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê kong-li̍p tāi-ha̍k
Lūi-pia̍t:Kim-lêng-hiong
Lūi-pia̍t:Kok-li̍p Kim-mn̂g tāi-ha̍k
Tiong-kok Bûn-hòa Tāi-ha̍k

**Tiong-kok Bûn-hòa Tāi-ha̍k** (中國文化大學) sī Tâi-oân Tâi-pak-chhī ê chi̍t keng su-li̍p tāi-ha̍k.
## Chù-kái

Lūi-pia̍t:Sū-lîm-khu
AGM-158 JASSM

**AGM-158 JASSM** (AGM-158 lên-ha̍p khong-bīn uán-kong tō-tuâñ (AGM-158 LKBUT); poj: AGM-158 liân-ha̍p khong-bīn oán-kong tō-tôaⁿ; eng-gí: AGM-158 JASSM (Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile)) sī Bí-kok Lockheed Martin kong-si uì Bí-kok kun-tuī gián-huat ê tsit-tsióng "kē khó-thàm-tshik ê tsén-khu-guā tsok-tsèn (beyond visual range missile (BVR)) khong siā sûn-hâng tō-tuâñ (air-launched cruise missile)". AGM-158 mā sī tsi̍t-tsióng tuā-hîng ê iám-sin (invisibility) uán-hîng "khong-tuì-bīn" (khong-bīn) ê tō-tuâñ, tsah-ū 1,000-pōng (464-kg) ê ē-tsǹg-thàu tsong-kah ê tuâñ-thâu (warhead). AGM-158 tī 2009-nî uân-sîng tshik-tshì khai-sí tsìn-li̍p Bí-kok khong-kun ho̍k-i̍k. Tû-liáu Bí-kok Khong-kun guā, 2014-nîkhai-sí teh Australia, Finland kah Poland tíng-tíng ê kok-ka mā tshái-iōng tsit-hîng ê tō-tuâñ. Koh-lâi tō sī tû-liáu piau-tsún ê pán-pún (edition (book)) guā, iā tsing-ka "ên-sin siā-tîng" (ER) ê pán-pún AGM-158B JSSSM-ER hîng (Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile-Extended Range), siā-tîng ên-sin-hîng iā í-king tī 2014-nî tsìn-li̍p Bí-kun ho̍k-i̍k. Kàu 2016-nî 9-gue̍h, Lockheed Martin kong-si í-king lóng-tsóng kau-hù hōo Bí-kok khong-kun 2,000-guā thò AGM-158 JASSM, pau-kuat nn̄g-tsióng ê ên-sin-hîng (AGM-158C LRASM kah AGM-158D JASSM-XR).

## Ên-sin JASSM pán-pún
*AGM-158B JASSM-ER
*AGM-158C LRASM
*AGM-158D JASSM-XR

## Tsu-guân
### AGM-158A JASSM
* **[[Tn̂g-té|Tn̂g-tōo]]:** 4.27&nbsp;m (14&nbsp;ft)
* **[[I̍k-tián|I̍k-tén]]:** 2.4&nbsp;m (7&nbsp;ft 11 in)
* **[[Chit-liōng|Tsit-liōng]]:** 975&nbsp;kg (2,150&nbsp;lb)
* **[[Sok-le̍k|Sok-tōo]]:** Tshì-im-sok (subsonic)
* **Siā-tîng:** 370&nbsp;km (230&nbsp;mi)
* **[[Ia̋n-jín|E̋n-z̩ín]]:** Teledyne CAE J402-CA-100  turbojet e̋n-z̩ín (turbojet); thui-la̍t 3.0&nbsp;kN (680&nbsp;lbf)
* **[[Lên-liāu]]:** JP10 lên-liāu
* **[[Tuâñ-thâu]]:** 450&nbsp;kg (1000&nbsp;lb) WDU-42/B tsǹg-thàu tuâñ-thâu
* **Tsè-tsō [[tan-kè]]:** $850K
* **Tsè-tsō [[ji̍t-kî|li̍t-kî]]:** 1998 – bo̍k-tîng

### AGM-158B JASSM (ER)
* **[[Sok-le̍k|Sok-tōo]]:** Tshì-im-sok
* **Siā-tîng:** 925+&nbsp;km (575+&nbsp;mi)
* **Tsè-tsō tan-kè:** $1.327 pah-bān
* **[[E̋n-jín|E̋n-z̩ín]]:** Williams kok-tsē kong-si (Williams International) F107-WR-105 turbofan e̋n-zín (turbofan)
* **Tsè-tsō [[ji̍t-kî|li̍t-kî]]:** 2006 – bo̍k-tsîng

## Tsù-kái

## Tsham-ua̍t
*Tan-kè (unit cost)
*
*
* (Ashkenazi Jews)
*

## Guā-pōo lên-ket

* CSIS Missile Threat – JASSM / JASSM-ER
* Lockheed Martin JASSM Website
* Lockheed Martin AGM-158 JASSM – Designation Systems
* GlobalSecurity.org
Phai Phongsathon

**Phai Phongsathon** (1982 nî 6 goe̍h 12 ji̍t - ), sī Thài-kok ê koa-chhiú.

## Guā-pōo lên-ket
* Facebook FanPage
* Instagram
* Twitter

Lūi-pia̍t:Thài-kok koa-chhiú
Lūi-pia̍t:Thài-kok jîn-bu̍t
Kài sìn-hō

[縮圖|305x305像素|Shows Ca<sup>2+</sup> release from the [Lāi-chit-bāng|endoplasmic reticulum through phospholipase C (PLC) pathway.]]
**Kài sìn-hō** (Eng-gí：**Calcium signaling**), sī khu-sià sè-pau lāi-gōa hō͘-siong kau-liû ê chi̍t-ê thoân-ta̍t kòe-thêng, sī sè-pau sī sìn-sit thoân-ta̍t ê chi̍t-chióng, tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ chò tē-jī sìn-sài. Ca2+ it-tàn ji̍p-khì1 sè-pau-chit, ē hō͘ te̍k-tēng nn̄g-pe̍h ê kiat-kò͘ piàn-tōng (phì-jū Kài tiāu-nn̄g-pe̍h), chiah-ē sán-seng sìn-hō. Ca2+ ê lông-tō͘ í-kip kū-lî lóng éng-hióng sìn-sit thoân-ta̍t ê chok-iōng kap éng-hióng-le̍k.

## Lông-tō͘ piàn-tōng
Tng sè-pau ê mo̍͘h-tiān-ūi teh Hioh-khùn mo̍͘h-tiān-ūi ê sî-chūn, chit-sî ê Ca2+ lông-tō͘ tāi-iok sī 100 ；pí sè-pau chi-kan thoân-ta̍t sî ê Ca2+ lông-tō͘ khak kē 2 bān kàu 10 bān pōe. Beh î-chhî Hioh-khùn mo̍͘h-tiān-ūi sî ê kē lông-tō͘, ē iōng lūi-sū phòng-phù ê hêng-sek, kā Ca2+ sàng kàu 粒線體、內質網 a̍h-sī sè-pau chi-kan. Sìn-hō hoat-chhut ē ùi te̍k-tēng ê mo̍͘h-nn̄g-pe̍h í-kip pau-khì chò thiu-thè-khì1 (kiàn-kiat Ca2+), jiân-āu thong-kè sè-pau-mo̍͘h.

### Thoân-ta̍t lō͘-

#### Lîn-chi-mûi C
縮圖|287x287像素|Phospholipase C cleaving PIP2 into IP3 and DAG
Kán-chheng chò **PLC**(siông-sè khòaⁿ Lîn-chi-mûi C). Sī chia̍p-khòaⁿ ê sìn-hō thoân-ta̍t lō͘-kèng, chit-chióng nn̄g-pe̍h-mûi ē-tàng chhiok-chìn 內質網 a̍h-sī sè-pau-mo̍͘h phah-khui thong-tō, hō͘ sè-pau-chit lāi ê Ca2+  lông-tō͘ khoài-sok chhèng-koân káu 500-1000 , lîn-chi-mûi C tī sìn-hō choán-tō tiong pān-ián tiōng-iàu ê kak-sek.

* I-hā sī hoat-chhut Kài sìn-hō ê pō͘-chō͘：

# G nn̄g-pe̍h liân-siū-thé kap  sī chia̍p-khòaⁿ ê khòa-mô͘-nn̄g-pe̍h (chéng-ha̍p thong-tō nn̄g-pe̍h), oa̍h-hòa PLC。
# PLC hō͘  chhui-hòa koh chúi-kái chhut Ki-sûn-sam-lîn-sng, koh-chài, Ki-sûn-sam-lîn-sn koh chúi-kái chhut Jī-sng-kam-iû-chi. Ki-sûn-sam-lîn-sn kap Jī-sng-kam-iû-chi lóng-sī chia̍p-khòaⁿ ê tē-jī sìn-sài.
# Jī-sng-kam-iû-chi ê lông-tō͘ thê-seng koh oa̍h-hòa Nn̄g-pe̍h kek-mûi C, óng sè-pau-mo̍͘h ê hong-hiòng chū-chi̍p.
# Ki-sûn-sam-lîn-sng ē-tàng khok-sàn kàu kui-ê sè-pau, khàm ji̍p-khì pêⁿ-chhia-chhia ê lāi-chit-bāng siū-thé ()。
#  phah-khui thong-tō pàng-chhut Ca2+。
# Ca2+ kap Nn̄g-pe̍h kek-mûi C kiat-ha̍p koh oa̍h-hòa.

#### Lông-tō͘ siau-hàu kap cheng-ka
Tng sè-pau tiong Ca2+ ê lông-tō͘ kàng-kē,  ē hông oa̍h-hòa, koh khai-hòng chìn-ji̍p 內質網 ê thong-tō. Ca2+ chìn-ji̍p lāi-chit-bāng ê chit-chióng hong-sek, chheng-chò ； tek-khak ê ki-chè iû-goân bô khak-tēng, chiū-sǹg-sī ū gián-kiú chí-chhut  nn̄g-pe̍h、Orai1 nn̄g-pe̍h, khó-lêng sī ICRAC chìn-ji̍p 內質網 thong-tō ê mô͘-hêng tiong ê kài-thé；chòe-kīn iā-ū gián-kiú chí-chhut khó-lêng sī Lîn-chi-mûi A2、。

## Chò Tē-jī sìn-sài
Tē jī sìn-sài chú-iàu chok-iōng sī hiáng-èng tē-it sìn-sài, hū-chek sìn-hō choán-tō lâi sán-seng seng-lí piàn-hòa, pí-jū：cheng-sit、sè-pau hun-hòa、chhian-sóa、chûn-oa̍h kap sè-pau tiau-bông, siông-kìⁿ tē-jī sìn-sài hē-thóng.

## Chham-khó bûn-hiàn

Lūi-pia̍t:Category:Hòa-ha̍k
Indiana sò͘ Edwards àn

**Indiana sòo Edwards àn** (Indiana v. Edwards, 554 U.S. 164 (2008)) sī Bí-kok tsuè-ko huat-īñ ê tsi̍t-ê àn-kiānn, huat-īñ teh tsit-ê àn-kiānn lāi-té līn-uî: siu sím-phuàñ ê piau-tsún kah tāi-piáu ka-kī sìng-lîm lîng-li̍k ê piau-tsún bô-kuan-hē. 

## Tsham-ua̍t
*In-kó koan-hē (in-kó kuan-hē; eng-gí: causality)

## Guā-pōo lên-ket

* 
* Amicus brief of the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation
* Transcript of oral argument 
* Amicus brief of the Solicitor General
* Commentary from The Atlantic
* Amicus brief of the American Psychiatric Association 
* Opening brief of State of Indiana as Petitioner