Missouri

**Missouri** sī Bí-kok ê chi̍t-ê chiu. Siú-hú sī Jefferson City. Siāng toā ê siâⁿ-chhī sī Kansas City.

## Tē-hō-miâ
"Missouri" sī tùi Missouri Hô só͘ hō--lâi, chit tiâu hô koh sī hō tùi Missouri-cho̍k. "Missouri" m̄-sī pún cho̍k ê ōe, sī  tùi Miami-Illinois gí-giân tiong tùi chit cho̍k ê kiò-hoat "ouemessourita" piàn--lâi-ê.

## Tē-lí

Missouri sì-ûi ū 8-ê chiu, kap Tennessee kâng-khoán sī choân-kok siōng chē. I-ê pat-pêng sī Iowa; tang-pêng Mississippi Hô tùi-pêng sī Illinois, Kentucky, kap Tennessee; lâm-pêng sī Arkansas; sai-pêng sī Oklahoma, Kansas, kap Nebraska. 

Tī Missouri chiu lāi siāng tōa ê hô-chhoan sī Mississippi Hô kap Missouri Hô. Kî-tiong Mississippi Hô sī tang-pêng ê pian-kài, Missouri Hô sī tùi tiong-pō͘ keng-kòe. Nn̄g-tōa to͘-chhī, iā-chiū-sī sai-pêng ê Kansas City kap tang-pêng ê St. Louis, lóng tī pún tiâu hô téng.

## Le̍k-sú
Khó-kó͘ chèng-kù lâi-khòaⁿ, 7-chheng nî chêng Missouri tē-khu chiū í-keng ū lâng khiā-khí. Kong-goân-chêng 1000 nî, chiū ū Mississipi Bûn-hòa ê chûn-chāi, in oa̍h-tāng hoān-ûi ê tiong-sim tāi-khài chāi kin-á-ji̍t ê St. Louis siâⁿ kap Cahokia ê  Mississippi Hô iân-hōaⁿ. Cahokia hit sî sǹg sī tùi Gō͘-tōa-ô͘ kàu Be̍k-se-ko Oan chi kan bō͘-e̍k lō͘-sòaⁿ ê tiong-sim, m̄-koh in ê bûn-bêng tī chêng 1400 nî chó-iū soai-jio̍k, tōa-hūn ê jîn-bîn sóa khí pat-ūi. 

Siāng-chá ē Au-chiu î-bîn-chiá tōa-pō͘-hūn sī Canada ê Hoat-kok-lâng, in tī kin-á-ji̍t ê Sainte-Geneviève kiàn-li̍p liáu Missouri thâu-chi̍t-ê Au-chiu-lâng chng-thâu. In tùi Mississippi Hô ê tâng-pêng kòe--lâi, tī hia, thó͘-tē í-keng bô hoat-tō͘ chi-chhî jîn-kháu ê chin-ka. Sainte-Geneviève piàn chò sī hoat-ta̍t ê lông-gia̍p tiong-sim, keng-kòe kau-e̍k hiòng New Orleans téng Louisiana tē-khu thê-kiong bí-niû.

Tùi New Orleans lâi ê Hoat-kok-lâng tī 1764 nî khai-siat St. Louis. In-ūi Fontainebleau Tiâu-iok, Hoat-kok kā Mississippi Hô sai-pêng ê thó͘-tē (Louisiana) koah hō͘ Se-pan-gâ.

St. Louis hoat-tián piàn mô͘-phôe kau-e̍k kap chìn-kháu-mi̍h bé-bē ê tiong-sim, Se-iûⁿ-lâng tī chia kap Missouri Hô iah Mississippi Hô téng-bīn ê goân-chū-bîn chò seng-lí, chiong hòe-bu̍t sàng khí oa̍h hái ê New Orleans chhut-kháu.

Hit-tong-sî lông-gia̍p mā tī chit ūi tng hoat-ta̍t, St. Louis koh tī khì-chûn hoat-bêng liáu-āu keng-ka hoat-tián.

1800 nî, Hoat-kok koh keng-kòe San Ildefonso Tiâu-iok tùi Se-pan-gâ chhiú-tiong tit tio̍h Louisiana tē-khu. M̄-koh chit hāng tiâu-iok sī pì-bi̍t, kàu 1803 nî 11 goe̍h 30 í-chêng, Louisiana oa-ná miâ-gī-siōng sio̍k Se-pan-gâ khòng-chè. Kòe bô lōa kú, Hoat-kok chiū kā Louisiana bē hō͘ Bí-kok, chit kài kau-e̍k Bí-kok-lâng kiò Louisiana Siu-bé (Louisiana Purchase).

Missouri tī chit chūn tit tio̍h "Hiòng Sai-pêng ê Tōa-mn̂g" (Gateway to the West) chheng-hō, in-ūi i sī 19 sè-kí khai-thok-chiá hiòng sai-pêng hoat-tián sî chhut-hoat ê só͘-chāi. Phì-jû St. Charles chiū sī Lewis kap Clark Thàm-hiám (Lewis and Clark Expedition) ê khí-tiám kiam tó-tńg sî ê chiong-tiám.

1805 nî Louisiana Léng-thó͘ (Louisiana Territory) sêng-li̍p, chéng-hú siat tī St. Louis. Āu-lâi lâm-pêng ê Orleans Léng-thó͘ tī 1812 nî kái chò Louisiana Chiu, pún-lâi ê "Louisiana Léng-thó͘" soah lâi kái miâ Missouri Léng-thó͘, i-ê jîn-bîn tī hit nî tit tio̍h li̍p-hoat khoân, khai-siat léng-thó͘ gī-hōe pēng-chhiá soán-kí tī kok-hōe ê tāi-piáu.

1811 nî kàu 1812 nî kî-kan, chiu-lāi hoat-seng liáu kúi kái M7.0 í-siōng ê tē-tāng. In-ūi jîn-khái bô ba̍t, siōng-bôn iú-hān.

1830 nî-tāi chá-kî, Mormon kàu-tô͘ tùi pak-pō͘ kap Canada î-bîn kòe--lâi, tī Independence siâⁿ téng só͘-chāi seng-oa̍h. In kap lâm-hong ûi chú ê chái-chêng î-bîn tī chong-kàu kap lô͘-lē-chè sū-bū téng sán-seng chhong-tu̍t. Mormon Chiàn-cheng tī 1838 nî po̍k-hoat, kiat-kó tī chiu-tiúⁿ Lilburn Boggs ê pang-chō͘ chi hā, kū î-bîn kā Mormon lâng kóaⁿ cháu.

1836 nî, keng-kòe hiòng goân-chū-bîn pō͘-cho̍k ê Platte Siu-bé (Platte Purchase), hō͘ pún chiu chin-ka sai-pak pêng ê chi̍t hūn thó͘-tē. 

Tùi 1830 kàu 1860 nî-tāi kî-kan Missouri chin-ka tōa-liōng ê kok-lāi chhut-sì ê î-bîn, tī 1840 kàu 1850 nî-tāi, koh ū chin chē Ài-lân phah-hng kap Tek-kok kek-bēng éng-hióng chhut-hái ê sin î-bîn kòe--lâi. Kî-tiong Tek-kok-lâng tī Missouri Hô iân-hōaⁿ kiàn-li̍p khí phû-tô-chiú sán-gia̍p, mā tī St. Louis hoat-tián bih-luh chè-chō.

1890 nî-tāi kàu 1920 nî-tāi sī Bí-kok ê Chìn-pō͘ Sî-tāi, chāi Missouri mā chhut chi̍t-kóa chú-tiuⁿ hiān-tài-hòa kap kái-kek hú-pāi ê chèng-tī-chiá. Kî-tiong Joseph Folk tī 1904 nî tòng-soán chiu-tiúⁿ. Tī i chāi-jīm hit-chūn ū bōe-chió chè-tō͘ siōng ê kek-sin.

Missouri tī Jī-chhù Tāi-chiàn í-chêng, kang-gia̍p chiām-chiām hoat-tián. Thin-lō͘ kap léng-tòng ê ki-su̍t hō͘ Kansas Siâⁿ ē-tàng hoat-tián chò chhī-gû-gia̍p pau-chong kiam ūn-su ê tiong-sim. Chhú-sî Kansas Siâⁿ mā khai-sí ū liáu Bí-kok-sek ê lâu-á-chhù.

Kòe liáu 1950 nî-tāi tiong-kî, St. Louis kap Kansas City lóng siū tio̍h kang-gia̍p soe-thè ê éng-hióng sit-khí chin chē chè-chō-gia̍p kap thih-lō͘ khang-khòe. Kàu 1956 nî, thâu chi̍t kái khòa chiu ê kong-lō͘ hē-thóng (Interstate Highway System) kè-ōe tùi St. Charles khai-sí, kau-gōa khiā-ke ê to͘-chhī hêng-sek mā tī chia khí-heng.

## Keng-chè
Missouri tī 2014 nî ê GDP sī 284,462 pa̍h-bān bí-kim. Chiàu 2015 nî ê chu-liāu, pún chiu siāng-chē lâng chò ê khang-khòe sī kiān-khong chiàu-kò͘ kap siā-hōe hû-chō͘ (*health care and social assistance*) sán-gia̍p.

## Chham-khó

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