open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Hî-chhì

**Hî-chhì** (魚翅) it-poaⁿ sī kóng soa-hî ê chhì, sī hî-gia̍p seng-sán ê chi̍t khoán. Hî-chhì tī Tiong-kok-sek liāu-lí, pau-hâm Hiong-káng kap Tâi-oân, sī jió-to ê si̍t-ēng châi-liāu. Hiān-sî in-ūi sú-iōng lú phó͘-phiàn, ū chō-sêng koè-liōng lia̍h-thâi soa-hî ê chêng-hêng, sī hái-iûⁿ pó-io̍k ê chiau-tiám būn-toê chi it. 

## Siong-koan
* Hî-kî

Lūi-pia̍t:Hî-lūi kái-phò-ha̍k
Nogi Maresuke

**Nogi Maresuke** (乃木 希典, 1849 nî 12 goe̍h 25 - 1912 nî 9 goe̍h 13) sī Ji̍t-pún ê chiong-kun. I pat chham-ka Ji̍t-pún Lō͘-se-a Chiàn-cheng, mā sī tē 3 jīm ê Tâi-oân chóng-tok.

## Chhut-sin

## Keng-le̍k

## Sí-bông

## Nî-phó͘
10

**10** (si̍p / cha̍p; 十 / 拾) sī chi̍t-ê sò͘-jī, sio̍k chū-jiân-sò͘ kap chéng-sò͘, tī 9 kap 11 chi kan.

2
South Gloucestershire

**South Gloucestershire** sī Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok Eng-lân Gloucestershire ē-kha ê chi̍t ê koān (*district*).

Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân ê koān
Lūi-pia̍t:Gloucestershire
Sauli Niinistö

**Sauli Väinämö Niinistö** (1948 nî 8 goe̍h 24 chhut-sì) sī Hun-lân ê chèng-tī-ka, 2012 nî ê sin chi̍t jīm chóng-thóng.
Lourdes

**Lourdes** (Occitan-gí: *Lorda*) sī Hoat-kok se-lâm soaⁿ-khu ê chi̍t-ê tìn, sio̍k Hautes-Pyrénées koān.
Frank lâng

**Frank-lâng** sī 3 sè-kí í-āu hông kì-lio̍k tī Rhine Hô iân-hoāⁿ seng-oa̍h ê German pō͘-cho̍k.

Lūi-pia̍t:Au-chiu ê le̍k-sú
German lâng

**German lâng** ("Jió-bān-lâng" Tek-gí: *Germanen*) sī tùi Au-chiu pak-pō͘ kiam tiong-pō͘ heng-khí ê bîn-cho̍k. In sī Ìn-Au gí-hē German gí-cho̍k ê chi̍t hūn-chú.

## Chù-kái

## Chham-khó

## Siong-koan
* Tek-kok-lâng

Lūi-pia̍t:Au-chiu-lâng
Willem van Oranje

**Willem van Oranje** (1533 nî 4 goe̍h 24 ji̍t - 1584 nî 7 goe̍h 10 ji̍t), he̍k-chiá **Willem 1-sè**, sī 16 sè-kí Nî-tek-lân hoán-khòng Se-pan-gâ thóng-tī ê léng-tō-chiá.

Lūi-pia̍t:Hô-lân jîn-bu̍t
Whitney Houston

**Whitney Elizabeth Houston** (1963 nî 8 goe̍h 9 ji̍t - 2012 nî 2 goe̍h 11 ji̍t) sī Bí-kok ê koa-chhiú, ián-goân. I sī thong sè-kài siāng chai-miâ ê bêng-seng chi ti, pat tit koè 2-ê Emmy Chióng kap 6-ê Grammy Chióng.
Hōng Hui-hui

**Hōng Hui-hui** (鳳飛飛, 1953 nî 8 goe̍h 20 ji̍t - 2012 nî 1 goe̍h 3 ji̍t), pún-miâ **Lîm Chhiu-loân** (林秋鸞), sī Tâi-oân koa-chhiú kiam ián-goân.
Chuck Norris

**Chuck" Norris** (), pún-miâ **Carlos Ray Norris**, sī Bí-kok ê ián-goân kiam bú-su̍t-ka.

## Chhut-sin
Norris sī 1940 nî 3 goe̍h 10 ji̍t ùi Oklahoma ê Ryan chhut-sì--ê. I-ê lāu-bú sī Wilma (goân-sèⁿ Scarberry), lāu-pē sī Ray Norris. Norris 16-hòe ê sî pē-bú lî-hun, i tè-bé tòe a-bú kap hiaⁿ-tī poaⁿ kòe Kansas, liáu-āu koh kòe California ê Torrance.
Niû Chēng-jû

**Niû Chēng-jû** (梁靜茹, 1978 nî 6 goe̍h 16 ji̍t chhut-sì) sī Má-lâi-se-a chhut-sin ê koa-chhiú.
O͘-kiô-pâi

**O͘-kiô-pâi** (黑橋牌) sī Tâi-oân ê si̍t-phín kong-si, chóng-pō͘ tī Tâi-lâm-chhī. In tī 1957 nî chhòng-gia̍p, siāng chá ê tiàm-bīn sī tī Tâi-lâm Sakariba khai-gia̍p.
Khó͘ Oán-tong

**Khó͘ Oán-tong** (許遠東, ) sī Tâi-oân ê kim-hiông-ka, chêng Tiong-hoâ Bîn-kok tiong-iong gîn-hâng ê chóng-chhâi.

I tī 1998 nî tī khong-lān tiong koè-sin.

## Chhut-sin
Khó͘ Oán-tong ê lāu-pē sī Khó͘ Kok-siông (國祥); Lāu-bú sī Ong Gio̍k-hio̍h (翁玉葉). Kok-siông sī Tek-lâm Iâm-koán-chiân (鹽館前) ê lâng. I chó͘-sian sī tùi Chiang-chiu Ke-hái (圭海) kòe Tâi-oân--ê. Ka-cho̍k goân-pún sī tī Tek-lâm tē-hng keng-êng thn̂g-gia̍p kap pò͘-liāu seng-lí ê tē-chú, m̄-koh tī Kok-siông ê lāu-pē A-mūi (阿昧) ê sî-kî tio̍h í-keng soe-jio̍k. Kok-siông 14-hòe sî pē-bú lóng kòe-sin, Tong Kok-siông 18-hòe tng teh thak Tâi-tiong Tiong-ha̍k-hāu ê sî, i-ê kong-má ia̍h Khó͘ Chheng-bûn (清文) kap Tân--sī ia̍h kòe-óng--khì. Kok-siông tio̍h lî-khui ha̍k-hāu tī chhù lāi chú-chhî ka-sán kap sū-bū. Kok-siôn chē pái keng-gêng sū-gia̍p lóng bô sáⁿ sêng-kong, liáu-āu kòe Tang-kiaⁿ. 

1927 nî 5 goe̍h 22, kū-le̍k 4 goe̍h 15, tong Kok-siông tī Tang-kiaⁿ ê sî-chūn, lâu ùi Tek-lâm ê Gio̍k-hio̍h seⁿ--lo̍h-lâi Oán-tong. I sī chhù-lāi tē-3-ê gín-á, ia̍h sī tióng-lâm, tī i chìn-chêng ū nn̄g-ê a-chí. 9 goe̍h sî, kui-ke tio̍h sóa kòe Tâi-pak Báng-kah. Kàu 1934 nî, Kó͘--sī ji̍p Liông-san-sī ê o̍h-tông tha̍k Hàn-bûn; 1935 nî 4 goe̍h, ji̍p Liông-san Kong-ha̍k-hāu. I kong-ha̍k-hāu chut-gia̍p liáu-āu, tī 1941 nî khó ji̍p Tâi-pak-chiu-li̍p Tē-jī Tiong-ha̍k. Tī Tē-jī Tiong-ha̍k ê sî-kî Khó͘--sī sek-sāi pêng-iú Tân Ho̍k-seng, tiāⁿ tòe Tân--sī kap kî-tha tông-o̍h tī Tiúⁿ-ló-kàu-hōe ê Báng-kah Kàu-hōe chhut-ji̍p, chóng-sī i m̄-bat siū-sé.

## Tāi-ha̍k sî-kî
Jī-chhù Tāi-chiàn tú kiat-sok ê sî-chūn, Khó͘--sī mā tng goân-sêng tiong-o̍h, khó ji̍p tong-sî tú tùi Tâi-pak Tè-kok Tāi-ha̍k kái-chè ê Tâi-oân Tāi-ha̍k (Tâi-tāi), m̄-koh kàu tāi-ha̍k jī-nî ê sî, chhù-lâi ê keng-chè bô-hoat-tō͘ chi-chhî, i chiō siu-ha̍k kòe Liông-san Kok-bîn Ha̍k-hāu kà-chheh, bô lōa-kú koh sin-chhéng kong-hùi têng ji̍p tāi-ha̍k. Tha̍k Tâi-tāi ê sî-kî, i lēng-gōa mā tī tong-sî Iân-pêng Tāi-ha̍k o̍h hoat-lu̍t. 1949 nî ê 9 goe̍h 2 ji̍t, Khó͘--sī in-ūi koan-sia̍p tio̍h Ke-lâng-chhī Kang-chok-úi-oân-hōe àn-kiāⁿ, hō͘ Pó-bi̍t-kio̍k lia̍h cháu, tāi-seng tī Kun-hoat-chhù koaiⁿ 2 kò gōa goe̍h, liáu-āu hông sóa kòe Sing-seng-tūi (新生隊), siū an-pâi siōng Sam-bîn-chú-gī téng khò-têng. Khó͘-sī tī 1951 nî 3 goe̍h hông sek-hòng. Liáu-āu i kè-sio̍k tī Tâi-tāi kàu 1952 nî 6 goe̍h the̍h tio̍h hoat-ha̍k-sū chut-gia̍p.

## Ha̍p-chok Kim-khò͘ sî-kî
Khó͘ Oán-tong siū chhù-piⁿ N̂g Kim-sūi ê kài-siāu kap N̂g Bián-bián (黃免浼) kau-óng tang-gōa liáu-āu, tī 1957 nî 1 goe̍h 20 ji̍t kiat-hun.

## Chham-chiàu
*
Richard Strauss

**Richard Georg Strauss** (1864 nî 6 goe̍h 11 ji̍t - 1949 nî 9 goe̍h 8 ji̍t) sī Tek-kok ê chok-khek-ka.
Brandenburger Mn̂g

**Brandenburger Mn̂g** (*Brandenburger Tor*) sī Tek-kok siú-to͘ Berlin ê chi̍t cho siâⁿ-mn̂g, hiān-sî sī tong-tē ê tāi-piáu kiàn-tio̍k chi it.
Chún-hêng-bo̍k

**Chún-hêng-ba̍k** (隼形目, La-teng-miâ: Falconiformes), sī chi̍t lūi chia̍h-chho ê chiáu-lūi, pau-koat bā-hio̍h. Hàn-bûn hō-miâ chiàu chéng-lūi ū kiò tiau (鵰), chiū (鹫), chún (隼; sún) téng-téng.

## Siong-koan
Tiramisù

**Thi̍h-lā-mī-su** (Eng-gí:; Italia-gí:; Vèneto:), hàn-jī thang siá chò "鐵撓麵思", sī chi̍t khoán se-kok ê ko-piáⁿ.
Lîm Su-hô

**Lîm Su-hô** (**Jeremy Lin**; 林書豪, ), Harvard Tāi-ha̍k pit-gia̍p. I tī Bí-kok NBA phah nâ-kiû. Láu-pē sī î-bîn khì Bí-kok ê Tâi-oân-lâng (Chiong-hoà Pó-táu).

## Chham-khó chu-liāu
Khôan

**環**（Khôan）

* **[[数学]]：** 對加法kah乗法滿足封閉性ê代数構造ê集合。→ 参照環 (数学)。
* **[[天文学]]：** 圈佇惑星ê周囲ê小天体ê集合。→ 参照環 (天体)。
* **[[化学]]：**  → 参照環式有機化合物。
* **[[工学]]：** 環状ê金属製物ê総称。→ 参照鐶。
Ta-hioh

**Ta-hioh** (Hàn-jī: 焦歇) sī chi̍t khoán sin-lô hō͘ thâu-ke kiông-pek pàng-ká, jī-chhiáⁿ koh bē-tàng niá sin-súi ê pàng-ká hong-sek.

Ta-hioh koh kiò chò **bô-sin-ká** (無薪假). Tī 2011 nî sè-kài keng-chè cháu bái liá-āu, Tâi-oân chin chē kang-siang khì-gia̍p kiông-pek in ê sin-lô ta-hioh, koh m̄-goān hù sin-súi, chō-chiâⁿ chē-chē siā-hoē bûn-tê.

Lūi-pia̍t:Keng-chè-ha̍k
Lūi-pia̍t:Siā-hōe-ha̍k
Kng-phe

**Kng-phe** (光批; -phoe) ia̍h-sī **bêng-sìn-phìⁿ** (hôa. 明信片), he̍k-chiá **Ia̍p-su**, sī chi̍t khoán iōng kāu-chhoá chò-chiâⁿ ê phoe, bô su-iàu phoe-lông, ti̍t-chiap tah iû-phiò tio̍h ē-sái kià.

## Chham-khó

Lūi-pia̍t:Iû-chèng
Kông-chhiu

**Kông-chhiu** (栱鞦) ia̍h **chhian-chhiu** (韆鞦) sì chi̍t-khoán chin sî-kiâⁿ ê gín-á-sńg.

Sńg chit-khoán oā-tāng hō chò hàiⁿ-kông-chhiu.

## Chham-khó
*教育部台灣閩南語常用詞辭典 查詢 韆鞦
*教育部台灣閩南語常用詞辭典 查詢 幌韆鞦

Lūi-pia̍t:Chhit-thô
Évariste Galois

**Évariste Galois** (Hoat-gí: ; 1811 nî 10 goe̍h 25 – 1832 nî 5 goe̍h 31) sī Hoat-kok ê sò͘-ha̍k-ka, chhut-sì tī chit-má ê Bourg-la-Reine
Sán-bah-cheng

**Sán-bah-cheng** (Hàn-jī: 瘦肉精), sī chi̍t chióng lam tī gû, ti ê chhī-liāu ê io̍h-á, pún-té iōng tī tī he-khu. Sán-bah-cheng ê chù-sêng-hun sī *ractopamine*.

Lūi-pia̍t:Hòa-ha̍k
Lūi-pia̍t:Io̍h-bu̍t
Lacuna Coil

**Lacuna Coil** sī Italia Milano chhut-sin ê rock ga̍k-thôan.

## Kioh-siàu
* *[[Cristina Scabbia]]*
* *[[Andrea Ferro]]*
* *Cristiano Migliore*
* *Marco Biazzi*
* *Marco Coti Zelati*
* *Cristiano Mozzati*

## Chok-phín
* *[[In a Reverie]]* (1999)
* *[[Unleashed Memories]]* (2001)
* *[[Comalies]]* (2002)
* *[[Karmacode]]* (2006)
* *[[Shallow Life]]* (2009)
* *[[Dark Adrenaline]]* (2012)
* *[[Broken Crown Halo]]* (2014)
* *[[Delirium]]* (2016)
* *Black Anima* (2019)
* *Sleepless Empire* (2025)
Checksum

**Checksum** sī iû chi̍t ê sò͘-jī ê sò͘-kì block ín-tō chhut-lâi ê sió sò͘-kì block, iōng-lâi kiám-chhek thoân-su ia̍h pó-chûn koè-têng tiong khó-lêng ín-ji̍p ê chhò-gō͘.
Hái-kiap

縮圖|Hái-kiap () ê sī-ì-tō͘.
**Hái-kiap** (海峽) mā thang kiò-chò **hái-io** (海腰), sī 2 tè lio̍k-tē sio-óa, kā hái gia̍p tī tiong-ng ê tē-hêng. Chiū keng-chè, chèng-tī, kun-sū hong-bīn lâi-kóng, hái-kiap sī chiok ū chiàn-lio̍k kè-ta̍t ê só͘-chāi. 
Hái-kiap sī chi̍t chióng thian-jiân ê chúi-tō. Jîn-kang ê chúi-tō it-poaⁿ kiò-chò ūn-hô. 

Kiau hái-kiap sio-tùi-bīn ê khài-liām sī lio̍k-kiap. 

## Chhut-miâ ê hái-kiap

* O͘-chúi-kau (Tâi-oân Hái-kiap) kā Tang Tiong-kok Hái kiau Lâm Tiong-kok Hái chiap-·khí-·lâi, kā Tn̂g-soaⁿ kiau Tâi-oân kheh-khui.
* Lú-sòng Hái-kiap (pau-hâm Pa-sū Hái-kiap) kā Lâm Tiong-kok Hái kiau Thài-pêng-iûⁿ chiap-·khí-·lâi, kā Tâi-oân kiau Hui-li̍p-pin kheh-khui.
* Tsushima Hái-kiap kā Ji̍t-pún-hái kiau Tang Tiong-kok Hái chiap-·khí-·lâi, kā Tiâu-sian Poàn-tó kiau Ji̍t-pún Lia̍t-tó kheh-khui.
* Má-la̍k-kah Hái-kiap kā Lâm Tiong-kok Hái kiau Ìn-tō͘-iûⁿ chiap-·khí-·lâi, kā Má-lâi Poàn-tó kiau Sumatera kheh-khui.
* Hurmuz Hái-kiap kā Pho-su-oan kiau Ìn-tō͘-iûⁿ chiap-·khí-·lâi, kā A-lá-pek Poàn-tó kheh-khui.
* Thó͘-ní-kî Hái-kiap kā O͘-hái kiau Tē-tiong-hái chiap-·khí-·lâi, kā, kā Au-chiu kiau A-chiu keh-khui.
* Gibraltar Hái-kiap kā Tē-tiong-hái kiau Tāi-se-iûⁿ chiap-·khí-·lâi, kā Au-chiu kiau Hui-chiu keh-khui.
* Eng-kiat-lī Hái-kiap kā Tāi-se-iûⁿ kiau Pak-hái chiap-·khí-·lâi, kā Tāi-eng Kûn-tó kiau Au-chiu tāi-lio̍k keh-khui.
* Bering Hái-kiap kā Thài-pêng-iûⁿ kiau Pak-ke̍k-iûⁿ chiap-·khí-·lâi, kā A-chiu kiau Pak-bí-chiu keh-khui.
* Drake Hái-kiap kā Thài-pêng-iûⁿ kiau Tāi-se-iûⁿ chiap-·khí-·lâi, kā Lâm-bí-chiu kiau Lâm-ke̍k-chiu keh-khui.

## Siong-koan tiâu-bo̍k

* lio̍k-kiap
* hái-kiap lia̍t-toaⁿ

## Chham-khó chu-liāu

Lūi-pia̍t:Hái
Hâm-sò͘

**Hâm-sò͘** (函數, Eng-gí: function), mā kiò chò **koan-sò͘** (關數), sī chi̍t thò su-ji̍p kap khó-lêng ê su-chhut ê koan-hē, koh su-ji̍p ū it-tēng ê tùi-ēng su-chhut. Kán-tan ê kí-lē tio̍h pí-lūn jīn-hô si̍t-sò͘ x kap i-ê pêng-hong x^2 ê koan-hē. Sò͘-ha̍k siōng tiāⁿ ēng "f(x)" lâi piáu-ta̍t hâm-sò͘ koan-hē, "x" tāi-piáu su-ji̍p, f sī koan-sò͘, f(x) sī su-chhut.

## Chham-khó
* lambda hâm-sò͘
## Chù-kha

分類:Sò͘-ha̍k
Kng-bé-bûn

**Kng-bé-bûn** (光碼文), ia̍h sī kiò **sûn-bûn-pún** (純文本, ) iah sī **bêng-bé-bûn** (明碼文) ti kè-sǹg-ki kho-ha̍k, sī bô kuè chhú-lí--ê tsu-liāu. Ū chhú-lí--ê hō chò àm-bé-bûn (暗碼文).
Àm-bé-bûn

**Àm-bé-bûn** (暗碼文; Eng-gí: *ciphertext*)

## Hoān-lē
## Chhut-miâ àm-bé-bûn

分類:Chu-sìn kho-ha̍k
Lūi-pia̍t:Àm-bé-ha̍k
Hash koan-sò͘

**Hash koan-sò͘** (, ), mā thang hoan-e̍k chò **Hash hâm-sò͘** (--函數), **Hash hâm-sek** (--函式), **Hash ián-sǹg-hoat** (--演算法), ia̍h **Lām-cha̍p hâm-sò͘** (濫摻函數), sī chí chi̍t lūi ē-tàng kā chi̍t cho͘ it-tēng tōa-sió ê chu-liāu tùi-èng (*map*) ji̍p kò͘-tēng tōa-sió ê chu-liāu ê koan-sò͘.

Lūi-pia̍t:Ián-sǹg-hoat
Àm-bé-hoat

**Àm-bé-hoat** (), mā kiò **àm-hō-hoat**, **sái-hō**, tī àm-bé-ha̍k siōng sī chí chi̍t thò pian-àm-bé (*encryption*) kap kái-àm-bé (*decryption*) ê ián-sǹg-hoat, ia̍h chiō sī chi̍t thò keng-kòe giâm-keh chí-tēng, thang hông chiàu têng-sū si̍t-hêng ê pō͘-sò͘. Bûn-jī nā keng-kòe àm-bé-hòa chhù-lí chiō sán-seng **àm-bé**, nā àm-bé cho͘-sêng ê bûn-pún, thang kiò àm-bé-bûn.

## Chù-kha

Lūi-pia̍t:Bûn-hòa
Im-iông-le̍k

**Im-iông-le̍k** (陰陽曆)sī ēng goe̍h-niû piàn-hòa ê chiu-kî lâi sǹg goe̍h, ēng jı̍t-thaû nî lâi sǹg nî ê le̍k-hoat. Siōng chia̍p-ēng ê goe̍h-niû-ji̍t-thaû-le̍k sī kū-le̍k kap iû-thài-le̍k. 

Goe̍h-niû goe̍h pêng-kun sī 29.53 kang, jı̍t-thâu nî sī 365.2425 kang, a̍h-tō-sī 235 ê goe̍h-niû goe̍h chha-put-to tú-á-hó sī 19 ê jı̍t-thaû nî. Ah-koh 1-nî phēng 12-kò-goe̍h khah tn̂g chit-·sut·á, tióng-·chhut·lâi ê hit-kúi-jı̍t tō ài ēng lūn-goe̍h lâi pó͘, m̄-chiah goe̍h-niû-ji̍t-thaû-le̍k lóng ū 1-ê 19-nî ê chiu-kî.
Juliana Paes

**Juliana Couto Paes** (1979 nî 3 goe̍h 26 ji̍t) sī Pa-se ê ián-gôan.

Lūi-pia̍t:1979 nî chhut-sì
Kim Jong-un

**Kim Jong-un** (Tiâu-sián-gí: , MR Choán-siá: Kim Chŏngŭn, Bân-lâm-im: *Kim Chèng-un*, ) sī Tiâu-sián Bîn-chú-chú-gī Jîn-bîn Kiōng-hô-kok ê goân-siú. Î ê lāu-pē sī Kim Jong-il, lāu-bú sī Ko Yong-hui.

I tī 2012 nî kap Ri Sol-ju kiat-hun.
Buranovo ê O͘-bá-sáng

**Buranovo ê O͘-bá-sáng** (Lō͘-se-a-gú: Бурановские бабушки; Buranovskie babushki; Udmurt-gú: Брангуртысь песянайёс, Brangurtısь pesjanajos) sī Lō͘-se-a Buranovo chhut-sin ê folk ga̍k-thôan.

## Kioh-siàu
* Granya Baysarova
* Alevtina Begisheva
* Zoya Dorodova
* Galina Koneva
* Natalya Pugachyova
* Valentina Pyatchenko
* Yekaterina Shklyaeva
* Olga Tuktaryova
* Yelizaveta Zarbatova

## Chok-phín
* Party for Everybody (2012)

Lūi-pia̍t:Lō͘-se-a ga̍k-thoân
Tāi-liân-oē

**Tāi-liân-oē** (Hàn-jī: 大連話) sī Tiong-kok Tāi-liân ê hong-giân, sǹg sī Tiong-kok Pak-hong koaⁿ-oē ê hun-chi.

## Hoat-im
### Chú-im
#### Chú-im pió

* Tshim-sik sī bó-im.
### Bó-im
#### Bó-im pió - 1

#### Bó-im pió - 2

* Tshim-sik sī ha̍p-sîng bó-im.
#### Bó-im pió - 3

### Siann-tiāu

* Tiāu-hō 1 + tiāu-hō 1 hi̍k-tsiá tiāu-hō 4 + tiāu-hō 1 → tiāu-hō 5 + tiāu-hō 1.
* Tiāu-hō 1 + tiāu-hō 4 → tiāu-hō 1 + tiāu-hō 6.
* Tiāu-hō 4 + tiāu-hō 4 → tiāu-hō 5 + tiāu-hō 6.
## Kî-thann
### Lâi-gí ê tsú-iàu hun-pòo
* Puànn-tó: Suann-tang Puànn-tó, Liâu-tang Puànn-tó.
* Pian-kài: Ah-li̍k Kang, Oo-soo-lí Kang.
Lūi-pia̍t:Giân-gú
Joseph Schumpeter

**Joseph Schumpeter** (1883 nî 2 goe̍h 8 ji̍t - 1950 nî 1 goe̍h 8 ji̍t) sī Tang-kok chhut-sin ê keng-chè-ha̍k-ka.
Selena Gomez

thumb|200px|Selena Gomez (2010)

**Selena Marie Gomez** () sī Bí-kok ê ián-gôan kap koa-chhiú.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok ián-goân
Demi Lovato

thumb|200px|Demi Lovato 2016

**Demetria Devonne "Demi" Lovato** () sī Bí-kok ê ián-gôan kap koa-chhiú.

Lūi-pia̍t:Bí-kok ián-goân
Koeh Oán-iông

**Koeh Oán-iông** (郭婉容; 1930 nî 1 goe̍h 25 chhut-sì) sī Tâi-oân ê keng-chè-ha̍k-ka, pat sī Tiong-hoâ Bîn-kok châi-chèng pō͘-tiúⁿ.
Mihune Tosirô

**Mihune Tosirô** (三船敏郎, ) sī Ji̍t-pún ê tiān-iáⁿ ián-goân, ū ián koè *[[Chhit Bú-sū]]* (七武士, ), *[[Iōng-sim-pāng]]* (用心棒), *[[Chiang-kun]]* (将軍), kap *[[Lô-seng-mn̂g]]* (羅生門) téng-téng.
Glen Keane

**Glen Keane** (1954 nî 4 goe̍h 13 ji̍t chhut-sì) sī Bí-kok tōng-oē-ka, chhà-oē-ka. I sī chin chē Disney kak-sek ê siat-kè-chiá.
Shire

**Shire** sī Eng-kok thoân-thóng ê chi̍t khoán tē-lí tan-ūi, kap "county" (hoan-e̍k: kūn, koān) ê ì-sù beh kâng, chóng-sī sú-iông hong-hoat bô kâng-khoán. Tī Eng-lân kap siū in bûn-hoà éng-hióng ê só͘-chāi, "-shire" jī-bóe it-poan ha̍p ji̍p tī tē-miâ lāi, sán-seng pí-lūn "Derbyshire" hia khoán ê hō-miâ.

Pí-kàu lâi kóng, "shire" sī khah chāi-tē ê Eng-gí, nā "county" sī tùi Hoat-gí thoân ji̍p, m̄-koh "county" chiâⁿ chò sī koaⁿ-hú chèng-sek ê hêng-chèng tan-ūi miâ.
Söréd

**Söréd** sī Magyar Fejér kūn ê chi̍t ê chng-thâu (*község*).

## Tē-lí
Tī pún só͘-chāi sì-ûi ê tē-hng ū Csákberény, Magyaralmás, Fehérvárcsurgó, Bodajk, kap Csókakő.

## Jîn-kháu
Chit ūi tī 2013 nî 1 goe̍h ê jîn-kháu-sò͘ sī 506 lâng; kàu 2015 nî 1 goe̍h ê sî ū 499 lâng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Magyar ê chng-thâu
Aba (Magyar-kok)

**Aba** sī Magyar-kok Fejér kūn Sárosd tang-lâm kau-gōa ê chi̍t-ê chhoan-lo̍k chng-thâu (*község*). Aba ê jîn-kháu ū 4687 lâng (2010), thó͘-tē bīn-chek 88,05 km2 (2010).

## Bāng-lō͘ liân-kiat
*Koaⁿ-hong bāng-chām
*Aba – Google Maps

## Jîn-kháu
Chit ūi tī 2013 nî 1 goe̍h ê jîn-kháu-sò͘ sī 4,484 lâng; kàu 2015 nî 1 goe̍h ê sî ū 4,426 lâng.

Lūi-pia̍t:Magyar ê chng-thâu
Tecnológico de Antioquia

**Tecnológico de Antioquia** sī Colombia ê su-li̍p tāi-ha̍k, siat tī Medellín ê Antioquia, 1983 nî khí-chō, sī thong sè-kài siāng jió-to ê tāi-ha̍k chi it.

## Links

* Tecnológico de Antioquia
* TdeA-tv
* Tecnológico de Antioquia on Twitter
Andrew Garfield

**Andrew Garfield**, 1983 nî 8 goe̍h 20 ji̍t chhut-sì, sī Bí-kok ê ián-goân.

Lūi-pia̍t:1983 nî chhut-sì
Kûn-ki̍p-seng-thài-ha̍k

**Kûn-ki̍p-seng-thài-ha̍k** (Eng-gí: *synecology*) sī chi̍t mn̂g seng-thài-ha̍k, choân-bûn thàm-thó seng-bu̍t kûn-ki̍p lāi bô͘-kâng bu̍t-chéng chi kan ê koan-hē.
North Somerset

**North Somerset** sī Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok Eng-lân Somerset ē-kha ê chi̍t ê koān (*district*).

Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân ê koān
Lūi-pia̍t:Somerset
Wiltshire

**Wiltshire** sī Eng-lân sai-lâm tē-khu ê kūn (county). Hú-siâⁿ sī Trowbridge.


Salisbury-06-Kathedrale-Seitenfassade-1985-gje.jpg|Salisbury
Salisbury-12-Kathedrale-Kreuzgang-Detail-1985-gje.jpg|Salisbury
Stourhead-04-House-2004-gje.jpg|Stourhead
Stourhead-24-Garten-2004-gje.jpg|Stourhead
Wilton-House-04-2004-gje.jpg|Wilton House
Wilton-House-16-Bueglerin-2004-gje.jpg|Wilton House
Longleat-06-House-2004-gje.jpg|Longleat
Longleat-18-Landschaftsgarten-2004-gje.jpg|Longleat
Stonehenge-214-2004-gje.jpg|Stonehenge


Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân ê kūn
Sò͘-lí hun-lūi-ha̍k

**Sò͘-lí hun-lūi-ha̍k** (Eng-gí: *numerical taxonomy*) sī seng-bu̍t hun-lūi-ha̍k ê chi̍t khoán hong-hoat, chú-iàu ēng sò͘-jī-hòa ê seng-bu̍t tek-sèng, thong-kòe ián-sǹg lâi hun-lūi.
AKB48

**AKB48** sī Akimoto Yasusi chè-chō ê Ji̍t-pún lú-chú gē-jîn thoân-thé, 2005 nî tú chhut-tō sî siok DefSTAR Records, āu-bóe tī 2008 nî ka-ji̍p King Records.

Lūi-pia̍t:Akimoto Yasusi
Káu-kho

**Káu-kho** (Canidae), Hàn-bûn it-poaⁿ kóng **khián-kho** (犬科), sī chia̍h-bah-ba̍k tōng-bu̍t ê chi̍t hūn. Phó-thong ê káu, koh-ū lông, hô͘-lî téng-téng tio̍h sio̍k chit kho.
Káu-hêng-lūi

**Káu-hêng-lūi** (Caniformia) sī chia̍h-bah-ba̍k ē-té ê chi̍t-ê á-ba̍k, kî-tiong pau-hâm káu-kho kap hîm-kho téng-téng. In kap chia̍h-bah-ba̍k lēng-gōa chi̍t tōa hun-lūi niau-hêng-lūi ê ki-pún chha-piat, sī kha tn̂g ê chhùi-phīⁿ kap bē-tàng siu ê chéng-kah.
Niau-hêng-lūi

**Niau-hêng-lūi** (Feliformia) sī chia̍h-bah-ba̍k ē-té chi̍t lūi a-ba̍k, kî-tiong hâm Niau-kho kap haiena téng-téng.
Akutagawa Ryûnosuke

**Akutagawa Ryûnosuke** (芥川 龍之介, 1892 nî 3 goe̍h 1 ji̍t - 1927 nî 7 goe̍h 24 ji̍t) sī Ji̍t-pún siáu-soat-ka, té-phiⁿ chok-phín sī i chú-iàu tāi-piáu.
Boson

**Boson** sī lia̍p-chú bu̍t-lí-ha̍k tiong ê chi̍t lūi lia̍p-chú, sio̍k tī phiau-chún bô͘-hêng ê lí-lūn chi hā. "Boson" chit-ê miâ sī tùi Ìn-tō͘ bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka Satyendranath Bose só͘ hō.
Siā-hoē kiàn-chō-lūn

**Siā-hoē kiàn-chō-chú-gī** (Eng-gí: social constructionism), he̍k-chiá **siā-hōe kiàn-chō-lūn**, sī chi̍t thò tiat-ha̍k kiam siā-hōe-ha̍k lí-lūn, chú-tiuⁿ tì-sek siū siā-hōe pōe-kéng éng-hióng san-seng ê sèng-chit.

## Siong-koan
* Siā-hōe kò͘-sêng-chú-gī (*social constructivism*)

Lūi-pia̍t:Siā-hōe-ha̍k
Má-lâi-se-a-gí

**Má-lâi-se-a-gí** (*Bahasa Malaysia*) sī Má-lâi-se-a ê koan-hong gí-giân, kap Ìn-nî-gí ē-tàng tōa-hūn sio-thong, sī Má-lâi-gí ê chi̍t khoán piau-chún-hòa hêng-sek.

## Tē-ūi kap hō-miâ
Chiàu Má-lâi-se-a liân-pang hiàn-hoat ê Tē 152 Tiâu (*Article 152*), Má-lâi-gí sī in-ê koan-hong gí-giân. Chū 1986 nî kàu 2007 nî kan, koan-hong ēng sû chiong *Bahasa Malaysia* thè-ōaⁿ chò *Bahasa Melayu*. Āu--lâi, chèng-hú koh têng-sín kah-ì sú-iōng *Bahasa Malaysia* lâi chheng-ho͘ kok-gí, lâi piáu-ta̍t kok-ka to bîn-cho̍k ê pōe-kéng (m̄-sī ka-ta Má-lâi-lâng).

Tī Má-lâi-se-a chāi-tē, tiāⁿ kán-tan kóng *Bahasa* ("gí-giân") lâi chheng *Bahasa Malaysia*.

Lūi-pia̍t:Má-lâi-gí
Hampshire

**Hampshire** sī Eng-lân lâm-pō͘ óa hái ê kūn, kūn-siâⁿ sī Winchester.


Winchester-204-Kathedrale-2004-gje.jpg|Winchester
Winchester-210-Kathedrale-2004-gje.jpg|Winchester
Havant-02-St Faith-2004-gje.jpg|Havant
Romsey-12-Haus-2004-gje.jpg|Romsey
Hampshire-02-Sopley-Pub mit Reetdach-2004-gje.jpg|Sopley
Portsmouth-04-Dreirad vor Supermarkt-2004-gje.jpg|Portsmouth
Portsmouth-20-Schiffe-2004-gje.jpg|Portsmouth
Portsmouth-32-Wight-Faehre-2004-gje.jpg|Portsmouth


Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân ê kūn
Dorset

**Dorset** sī Eng-lân sai-lâm óa hái ê kūn,


Dorset-20-Henley-Kirche-2004-gje.jpg|Dorset
Affpuddle-06-St Laurentius-Friedhof-2004-gje.jpg|Affpuddle
Athelhampton-02-2004-gje.jpg|Athelhampton
Wimbourne Minster-02-2004-gje.jpg|Wimbourne Minster
Wimbourne Minster-12-Orgel-2004-gje.jpg|Wimbourne Minster
Sherborne Abbey-06-2004-gje.jpg|Sherborne Abbey
Cerne Abbas-06-Giant-2004-gje.jpg|Cerne Abbas
Forde Abbey-04-2004-gje.jpg|Forde Abbey
Kingston Lacey-04-Haus-2004-gje.jpg|Kingston Lacey


Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân ê kūn
Kent

**Kent** sī Eng-lân tang-lâm óa hái ê kūn. Kent óa tī London hūn-kīn, ū jîn-kháu 146 bān.

Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân ê kūn
Wight Tó

**Wight Tó** (Eng-gí: Isle of Wight) sī Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok Eng-lân lâm-pêng ê Kūn, tián-lé-kūn, mā sī kî-tiong ê siāng tōa tó-sū.


Isle of Wight-04-Quarr Abbey-2004-gje.jpg
Isle of Wight-08-Baseball-2004-gje.jpg
Isle of Wight-12-Dorfkirche-2004-gje.jpg
Isle of Wight-16-Yarmouth-2004-gje.jpg
Isle of Wight-06-Newport-Supermarkt-2004-gje.jpg
Isle of Wight-20-Yarmouth-Dampfer-2004-gje.jpg


Lūi-pia̍t:South East England
Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân ê kūn
Bengkulu Séng

**Bengkulu** sī Ìn-nî Sumatera tó sai-lâm hái-hōaⁿ ê séng-hūn, siú-hú tī Bengkulu Chhī.

Lūi-pia̍t:Ìn-nî ê séng
Tn̂g-soaⁿ-chhī

**Tn̂g-soaⁿ-chhī** (唐山市) sī Tiong-kok Hô-pak-séng ê 1 ê tē-kip-chhī.

## Hêng-chèng-khu
*Lō͘-pak-khu (路北區)
*Lō͘-lâm-khu (路南區)
*Kó͘-iá-khu (古冶區)
*Khai-pêng-khu (開平區)
*Hong-lâm-khu (豐南區)
*Hong-jūn-khu (豐潤區)
*Chô-hui-tiān-khu (曹妃甸區)
*Chun-hoà-chhī (遵化市)
*Chhian-an-chhī (遷安市)
*Loân-koān (灤縣)
*Loân-lâm-koān (灤南縣)
*Lo̍k-têng-koān (樂亭縣)
*Chhian-se-koān (遷西縣)
*Gio̍k-tiân-koān (玉田縣)

Lūi-pia̍t:Hô-pak-séng ê tē-kip-chhī
Windsor Siâⁿ-pó

**Windsor Siâⁿ-pó** (*Windsor Castle*) ūi tī Eng-lân ê Berkshire, sī Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok ê ông-kiong. Siâⁿ-pó goân-sin sī Norman ji̍p-chhim liáu-āu só͘ khí. Tùi Henry 1-sè khai-sí sī ông-sek ê só͘-iú.
Ernst Mayr

**Ernst Walter Mayr** () sī Tek-kok chhut-sin ê seng-bu̍t-ha̍k-ka. Tùi chìn-hòa, hun-lūi téng ha̍k-būn chin ū gián-kiù.
Emanuel Swedenborg

**Emanuel Swedenborg** (1688 nî 1 goe̍h 29 ji̍t - 1772 nî 3 goe̍h 29 ji̍t) sī Sūi-tián ê kho-ha̍k-ka, tiat-ha̍k-ka kiam sîn-ha̍k-ka.
Tông-hêng-hō

**Tông-hêng-hō** (Eng-gí: *Homoglyph*) sī ùi ìn-soat ê sî-chūn hêng-thé sio-kâng ê bô-kâng hû-hō (pí-lūn jī-bó), chhiūⁿ 1 ("it" ê A-lá-pek sò͘-jī) kap l (jī-bó "L" ê sió-siá), í-kip 0 (sò͘-jī) kap O (jī-bó) téng-téng; thâu-chêng nn̄g hāng tông-hêng-hō tī chá-kî ìn-soat tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ sī goân-choâng sio-kâng bô hun-piat--ê, sīm-chì sī kong-ke chi̍t-ê khí (key); chóng-sī hiān-sî siat-kè jī-hêng ê sî it-poaⁿ ē tek-piat kiông-tiāu in ê khu-pia̍t.
Symbol

**Symbol** (""), thang hoan-e̍k chò **siōng-teng** (-cheng, 象徵), ū-sî kóng **hû-hō**, sī ē-tàng piáu-tat chi̍t kóa ì-gī ê mi̍h, it-poaⁿ sī tô͘-ōe (hâm bûn-jī). Ū-sî hû-hō ū kēng-ka thiu-siōng ē ì-sù, pí-lūn lâng-miâ ē-sái kóng sī piáu-sī kò-jîn ê hû-hō. 

*
Lūi-pia̍t:Piau-kì-hoat
Thiu-siōng

**Thiu-siōng** sī keng-kòe kui-la̍p tùi sū-bu̍t goân-chéng lōe-iông tang-tiong sa chhut tan-sûn kài-liām lâi piáu-tat. Pí-lūn tī kho-ha̍k ê lí-lō͘, chi̍t thò sò͘-ha̍k-hòa ê lí-lūn tiō sī tùi keng-giām sū-si̍t ê thiu-siōng.
Marcel Nguyen

thumb|Marcel Nguyen (2013)
**Marcel Van Minh Phuc Long Nguyen** () sī Tek-kok ê thé-chhau soán-chhiú.

Lūi-pia̍t:Thé-chhau soán-chhiú
Bournemouth

**Bournemouth** sī Eng-lân lâm hái-hōaⁿ ê chi̍t-ê siâⁿ, tián-lé kūn (ceremonial county [thoân-thóng ê hun-khu]) Dorset ê chi̍t hūn.

Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân
Eng-lân ê tián-lé-kūn

Eng-lân ê **tián-lé kūn** (ceremonial county), mā hō chò **kūn-ùi khu** (*lieutenancy area*), sī chí ū siat chi̍t ūi ông-ka tāi-piáu Kūn-ùi-chú (*lord-lieutenant*) ê thoân-thóng hun-khu. Chit khoán hē-thóng tiām Eng-lân, Ui-le̍k-sū kap So͘-kat-lân lóng ū sit-si, chè-tō͘ ê hoat-lu̍t i-kù sī 1997 nî Kūn-ùi Hoat-àn (*Lieutenancies Act 1997*). Siong-tùi khah chiap teh piàn-tōng ê tē-hng chèng-hú hē-thóng, tián-lé kūn ê kài-sòaⁿ khah ún-tēng, mā hông chheng chò sī **tē-lí kūn** (*geographic county*).

## 1997 nî í-lâi ê tián-lé kūn

* , pau-koat Bedford, Central Bedfordshire kap Luton
* 
* 
* , hâm Milton Keynes
* , hâm Peterborough
* , pau-koat Cheshire East, Cheshire West and Chester, Halton kap Warrington
* 
* , hâm Isles of Scilly
* 
* , hâm Derby
* , hâm Plymouth kap Torbay
* , hâm Bournemouth kap Poole
*  Durham, hâm Darlington, Hartlepool, kap Stockton-on-Tees ê Tees Hô í-pak
* , hâm Kingston-upon-Hull
* , hâm Brighton and Hove
* , hâm Southend-on-Sea kap Thurrock
* , hâm South Gloucestershire
* , tû liáu City of London
* 
* , hâm Portsmouth kap Southampton
* 
* 
* 
* , hâm Medway
* , hâm Blackburn with Darwen, kap Blackpool
* , hâm Leicester
* , hâm North Lincolnshire, kap North East Lincolnshire
* 
* 
* , hâm Middlesbrough, Redcar and Cleveland, York, kap Stockton-on-Tees ê Tees Hô í lâm
* 
* 
* , hâm Nottingham
* 
* 
* , hâm Telford and Wrekin
* , hâm Bath and North East Somerset kap North Somerset
* 
* , hâm Stoke-on-Trent
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* , hâm Swindon
* 

## Siong-koan
*Tan-it chū-tī-thé

## Chù-kha
Kodama Gentarô

**Kodama Gentarô** (児玉 源太郎, こだま げんたろう, 1852 nî 4 goe̍h 14 ji̍t - 1906 nî 7 goe̍h 23 ji̍t) sī bú-sū chhut-sin ê Ji̍t-pún lio̍k-kun tāi-chiòng, chèng-tī-ka. Tē-sì ūi Tâi-oân Chóng-tok. Ji̍t-Lō͘ Chiàn-cheng sî ê Man-siu-kun (Boán-chiu-kun) Chóng chham-bô͘-tiúⁿ.

## Chhut-sin

## Keng-le̍k

Kodama Gentarô tam-jīm Tâi-oân Chóng-tok ê tōa-pō͘-hūn sî-kan tī Man-siu chhōa-peng sio-chiàn, phah Ji̍t-Lō͘ Chiàn-cheng. Tâi-oân chèng-bū si̍t-chè siōng lóng-sī Bîn-chèng tiúⁿ-koaⁿ Gotô Sinpei lih chiáng-lí.

## Sí-bông

## Nî-phó͘
Jawa-gí

**Jawa-gí** sī chi̍t khoán lâm-tó gí-giân, chú-iàu tī Ìn-nî thong-hêng.

## Tsù-kái

## Guā-pōo liân-kiat

* International Symposium on The Languages of Java (archived 2 December 2013)
* Javanese in Suriname strive to preserve origins ''Jakarta Post'' article (archived 9 February 2005)
* Javanese Writing System
* The Javanese alphabet (Unicode A980—A9DF) 
* Javanese Phonation Types, Consonants
* Old Javanese inscriptions

Lūi-pia̍t:Malay-Polynesia gú-giân
Pantheon-Assas Tāi-ha̍k

**Pantheon-Assas Tāi-ha̍k** (*Université Pantheon-Assas*), ia̍h sī **Pa-lí Tē-2 Tāi-ha̍k** (*Paris-II*), sī Pa-lí siâⁿ-lāi chú-iàu ê tāi-ha̍k chi it.
Lemma

**Lemma** tī jī-tián ê pian-chi̍p tiong sī chí chi̍t cho͘ sû-gí (word) ê piáu-chún hêng-sek ê he̍k-chiá kóng chhōa-thâu ê hêng-sek. Pí-lūn tī Eng-gí, "run" (ì-sù: cháu), "runs" (cháu ê tan-sò͘-keh (-格)), "ran" (cháu ê kòe-khì-sek) kap "running" (cháu ê chìn-hêng-sek) chit cho͘ lexeme (gí-lūi-cho͘) tiong, siāng tan-sûn ê "run" tio̍h sī in ê lemma, i tāi-piáu liáu kî-tha ê hêng-sek.

Tùi chin tiōng khu-chiat piàn-hòa ê gí-giân lâi kóng, lemma ê jīn-tēng sī pian jī-tián sî chin tiōng-iàu ê būn-tê.
Lô-má Thài-pêng

**Lô-má Thài-pêng** (*Pax Romana*) sī Lô-má Tè-kok chi̍t tōaⁿ khah hô-pêng khah bô tùi gōa chiàn-cheng ê sî-kî, sî-kan sī kong-goân 1 kàu 2 sè-kí, chêng Augustus hông-tè hit chūn, sòa 200 gōa tang kú.
Soaⁿ

**Soaⁿ** sī pí sì-chiu-ûi khah koân ê tē-hêng, pēng-chhiá ài ū it-tēng ê kôan-tō͘ khah ē hŏng hō chò soaⁿ, chóng-sī bô it-tēng piau-chún.
Tiān-chiⁿ-thé

**Tiān-chiⁿ-thé** (Eng-gí: *transistor*) sī chi̍t-chióng kò͘-thé poàn-tō-thé goân-kiāⁿ, ē-sái hòng-toā, khai-koan, ún-tēng tiān-ap, tiau-pian sìn-hō͘, í-kip chi̍t-koá kî-tha kong-lêng. Tiān-chiⁿ-thé ū saⁿ-ê toan-tiám, ē-sái lī-iōng tiān-ap khòng-chè lâu--chhut-khì ê tiān-liû.
Tiān-chiⁿ-thé sī hiān-tāi tiān-chú siat-pī siong tiōng-iàu ê pō͘-hūn, ti tiān-chú hē-thóng tang-tiong mā-sī bô-só͘-put-chāi. Tiān-chiⁿ-thé ti 1950 nî-tāi ê gián-kiù kái-piàn--liau tiān-chú-ha̍k, iā chhiok-chìn tiān-chú sán-gia̍p ê hoat-tián. 

Hiān-chāi ê tiān-chiⁿ-thé chú-iàu ū-hun-chò **siang-ke̍k-sèng chiap-bīn tiān-chiⁿ-thé** (bipolar junction transistor, BJT)
kah **tiûⁿ-hāu tiān-chiⁿ-thé** (field-effect transistor, FET) nn̄g-chióng.
Lô-hàn-kha-á

**Lô-hàn-kha(-á)** (Hàn-jī: 羅漢跤（仔）, 羅漢腳（仔）) pún-té sī Tâi-oân Chheng-tiâu sî-tāi bô chhù bô bó͘, mā m̄ sī tha̍k-chhè-lâng, lông-bîn, kang-lâng, seng-lí-lâng kah taⁿ-khang (擔工) ê lâm-sèng iû-bîn, lo̍h-boé koh ū to̍k-sin tiong-liân cha-po͘ ê ì-sù.

## Kán-kài
Tâi-oân it-poaⁿ ê kiong-biō, hāng-lō͘ (巷路) nn̄g-pêng ê piah to-sò͘ (多數) ū oē cha̍p-peh-lô-hàn-tô͘ (十八羅漢圖). Iû-bîn tiaⁿ-tiaⁿ oá-khò tī hit-lō piah ê kha, jia-hong, bih-hō͘ (遮風, 覕雨), hioh-khùn ia̍h-sī hi-hi-hōa-hōa.

Lēng-goā ê kóng-hoat sī, iû-bîn sàn-chhiah, sî-siông chhēng phoà ê (破鞋), sīm-chì thǹg-chhiah-kha, chhin-chhiūⁿ Hu̍t-kàu ê khó͘-hêng (苦行) Thô͘-tô͘ (Hoān-bûn: Dhata; Hàn-jī: 頭陀) kah lô-hàn, só͘-í ū lô-hàn-kha chit ê sńg-chhiò--ê chheng-ho͘.

Chheng-tiâu sî-tāi chêng-kî, î-bîn kàu Tâi-oân ê hān-chè chiok giâm. 1684 nî siat-li̍p Tâi-oân-koān (臺灣縣) koè-āu, hoat-pō͘ (發布) Tô͘-Tâi Kìm-lēng (渡臺禁令). Î-bîn Tâi-oân chìn-chêng, ài sian hoō Tâi-Ē peng-pī-tō͘ (臺廈兵備道), Tâi-oân Hái-hông Tông-ti (臺灣海防同知) sím-cha kah phoe-chún. Jî-chhiáⁿ tō͘-Tâi-chiá (渡臺者) boē-tàng chhoā chhù-lāi-lâng, Kńg-tang-lâng mā bē-sái kàu Tâi-oân, tì-kàu (致到) Tâi-oân jîn-káu tiong, Kheh-lâng khah chió.

In-ūi kìm-lēng, soà--lo̍h-khì beh chi̍t sè-kí, î-bin bô͘ hoat-tō͘ chhoā ka-koàn (家眷), lú-sèng put-chí-á ha̍t (乏), bô-hoat--tit chhoā-bó ê "iû-bîn" móa-sì-kè. Chia--ê lâng tioh hō-chò "Lô-hàn-kha-á".

Kù *[[Kat-má-lán Theng]] Chì (噶瑪蘭廳志)* kì-chài:

Hoan-e̍k: "Tâi-oân ū chi̍t khoán bô-chhân bô-chhù koh bô-bó͘-bô-kâu, mā m̄ sī tha̍k-chhè-lâng, bô choh lông-bîn, kang-lâng, seng-lí-lâng ia̍h taⁿ-khang ê lang, sio̍k-chheng sī 'lô-hàn-kha'. In khai cha-bó͘, pua̍h-kiáu, choh chha̍t-á, hâi-tò͘ (械鬥), siáⁿ-mih lóng choh--ē--chhut-lâi. Sī-án-choáⁿ kiò in lô-hàn-kha? In-ūi in toaⁿ-sin lōng-tōng (浪蕩) sù-hái, sì-kè oang tóng, jî-chhiáⁿ saⁿ-á-khò͘ phòa-kô͘-kô͘, kui-sì-lâng thǹg-chhiah-kha."

Āu--lâi in chiâⁿ-chò chit-má só͘ kóng--ê lô͘-môa.

## Chham-khó Chu-liāu
*Tân Siok-kun (陳淑均), *Kat-má-lán-theng Chì (噶瑪蘭廳志)*, Tâi-oân Bûn-hiàn Chông-khan (臺灣文獻叢刊) Tē 160 Chióng.
## Chù-kái

Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân siā-hōe
Ài-kok-koa (Tiâu-sián Bîn-chú-chú-gī Jîn-bîn Kiōng-hô-kok)

**Ài-kok-koa ** (愛國歌, gān-bûn: ) sī Tiâu-sián Bîn-chú-chú-gī Jîn-bîn Kiōng-hô-kok ê kok-koa, tī 1947 nî iû chok-sû (作詞) Pho̍k Sè-éng (朴世永, Pak Se-yeong) kah chok-khek (作曲) Kim Goân-kun (金元均, Kim Wǒn-gyun) só͘ chò-chiâⁿ (做成).

Miâ hām Tāi-hân Bîn-kok kah Tāi-hân Tē-kok (大韓帝國) ê kok-koa kâng-khoán, só͘-í mā ū-lâng iōng thâo kuí jī (頭幾字) koa-sû "" (chá-khí keng-bêng) kiò i.

2007 nî, Tiâu-sián Tiong-iong Thong-sìn-siā (通訊社) hoat sin--ê ga̍k-phó͘ (樂譜) kap kî-ta bûn-kiāⁿ, m̄-koh bô͘ kóng sī-án-choáⁿ beh têng pian phó͘(譜) kap tang-sî khí sú-iōng.

## Koa-sû

## Chù-kái


## Koan-liân Bûn-chiuⁿ
* Ài-kok-koa

## Goā-bō͘ Liân-kiat
*ga̍k-khì khek-phó͘ (樂器曲譜)  (.pdf, Tiâu-sián Tiong-iong Thong-sìn-siā)
*khek-phó͘ kâⁿ koa-sû  (.jpg, Uriminzokkiri)
Ài-kok-koa

**Ài-kok-koa**(愛國歌) ē-sái chí:
*Ài-kok Koa-khek
*Ài-kok-koa (Tāi-hân Bîn-kok): Tāi-hân Bîn-kok ê kok-koa
*Ài-kok-koa (Tiâu-sián Bîn-chú-chú-gī Jîn-bîn Kiōng-hô-kok): Tiâu-sián Bîn-chú-chú-gī Jîn-bîn Kiōng-hô-kok ê kok-koa
*Tāi-hân Tè-kok Ài-kok-koa: 19 kah 20 sè-kí chi-kan ê Tāi-hân Tè-kok ê kok-koa
*Ài-kok-koa (Lō͘-se-a): Lō͘-se-a Liân-pang tī 1991 kàu 2000 nî ê kok-koa
Lú

**Lú** ē-sái chí:
*Lí (tāi-bêng-chhû), Hàn-jī 汝 á-sī 你, tē 2 jîn-chheng tāi-bêng-chû
**Lí (Sî-tāi Hha̍p-chì hong-hûn jîn-bu̍t), Times (Sî-tāi) Cha̍p-chì soán--ê nî-tāi hong-hûn jîn-bu̍t.
*lú-sèng (女性),Hàn-jī 女, chi̍t khoán sèng-pia̍t
*A-lú-mih, Hàn-jī 鋁, chi̍t khoán goân-sò͘
*Lú_(kun-tūi), Hàn-jī 旅, kun-tūi (軍隊) ê pian-chè (編制) tan-ūi
*Jú-sèⁿ, Hàn-jī 庾, jī-sèⁿ
Jī

**jī** ē-sái chí:
*2, Hàn-jī 二 ia̍h-sī 貳 (toā-siá), chi̍t ê sò͘-jī.
*jī (chia̍h-mi̍h), Hàn-jī 餌, lia̍h ia̍h tiò (釣) tōng-bu̍t ê chia̍h-mi̍h.
*Hàn-jī "字":
**bûn-jī (文字)
**jī-kù (字據), choè chèng-kù ê bûn-su (文書).
**jī (sî-kan), sî-kan tan-ūi. 

## Koan-liân bûn-chiuⁿ
*gī
*lī
Lū

**Lū** ē-sái chí:
*Lī-sèⁿ (呂姓), Hàn-jī 呂, chi̍t ê Hàn-jī sèⁿ (姓).
*A-lú-mih, Hàn-jī 鋁, chi̍t khoán goân-sò͘.

## Koan-liân bûn-chiuⁿ
*lī
*jū
Kang-lâm-khu

**Kang-lâm-khu** (江南區) sī Tiong-kok Kńg-sai Chòng-cho̍k Chū-tī-khu Lâm-lêng-chhī ê chi̍t ê chhī-hat-khu.
Niccolò Cusano Tāi-ha̍k

**Niccolò Cusano Tāi-ha̍k** (Italia-gí: *Università degli Studi Niccolò Cusano* - UNICUSANO) sī Italia Roma-chhī chú-iàu ê tāi-ha̍k.

## Goā-pō͘ liân-kia̍t
* Niccolò Cusano Tāi-ha̍k
Gangnam Style

**Gangnam Style** (Hân-gí: , ì-sù sī *Kang-lâm Hong-keh* (江南風格)), sī Hân-kok koa-chhiú PSY (chiàⁿ-miâ Phok Chài-hi (朴載熙)) ê chi̍t-siú koa-khek. Tī Youtube lāi ê chèng-sek im-ga̍k iáⁿ-phìⁿ í-keng pò͘-chhut 2-ek-goā (2億外) kái.  Hoat-hêng 1 kò goe̍h chó-iū liáu-āu (8 goe̍h 17 ji̍t), Gangnam Style tī Hân-kok ê im-ga̍k tiān-sī chiat-bo̍k (節目) Music Bank iōng 18601 hun (分) tit-tio̍h tē-it miâⁿ.

Koa-miâ Gangnam Style sī Lâm-hân siok-cheng, ì-sù ûi siú-to͘ Siú-ní (首爾) ê hó-gia̍h kap sî-phài (時派) ê khu (區)—Kang-lâm-khu (江南區, Hân-kok-gí: , Gangnam Gu) ê hu-hoa (虛華) seng-oa̍h hong-hoat . PSY tī MV lai thiàu khiâ-bé iūⁿ ê chhiò-khoe bú-pō͘ (舞步), MV lóng tī Kang-lâm-khu kui-ê só͘-chāi lāi-té hip, phì-lû sam-un-loán keng (三溫暖間), sài-bé-tiûⁿ (賽馬場) ê bé-pâng (馬房), iû-lám-chia. Sui-jiân koa sī tùi Lâm-hân ê pun-thó͘ bûn-hoà siá--ê,tān-sī tī bô se̍k hit kok (國) bûn-hoà ê se-hng kok-ka mā lú lâi lú liû-hêng, mā hō͘ kok-chè mûi-thé chù-ì. Gangnam Style tī kui-ê kok-ka ê iTunes Store si̍p-tāi (十大) bú-tō koa-khek  pâi-miâ-póng (排名榜) lóng ū miâ, tī Hun-lân koh sī thâu-miâ (頭名).

## Iám-chhut
MV lāi chhut-hiān ê kî-tha Hân-kok gē-jîn ū:
*4minute thoân-thé ê Kim Hoán-ngá (金炫雅)
*Lâu Chāi-sek (劉在錫) kah PSY kà bú (較舞) (chhēng êng-kng (螢光) n̂g, sái âng-sek ê pháu-chhia (跑車)).
*Lô͘ hông-tiat (盧弘喆) tī tiān-thui thiàu-bú. (Pelvic thrust)
*BIGBANG ê Khiong Tāi-seng (姜大聲) kap Sèng-lī (勝利) ián nn̄g ê kiâⁿ-kî ê lāu-tuā-lâng.

## Pâi-miâ-póng

## Kái-pian (改編) Chò-phín
Ū Hoâ-gí te-khu ê bāng-bîn (網民) kā koa-sû ê "" (Kok-gí ê Lô-má-jī Piáu-kì-hoat: oppan gangnam style, ì-sù: ko-ko (ū) Kang-lâm hong-keh) khang-ní-chò (空耳做, soramimi-chò) "我爸剛弄死他" (Hàn-gí pheng-im (漢語拼音): wǒ bà gāng nòngsǐ tā, Goán pē tú chhòng--sí i), mā ū iong Eng-gí ê bāng-bîn kā i khang-ní-chò "open condom store" (teh khui ê sak-khù tiàm).

## Koan-liân Bûn-chiûⁿ
* :Wiktionary:zh:오빠 (Hoâ-gí Ûi-ki Sû-tián)
* PSY
* Kang-lâm-khu (Seoul)
* Kim Hoán-ngá (金炫雅)

## Chù-sek kap chham-khó͘ chu-liāu


## Goā-pō͘ Liân-kiat
* GANGNAM STYLE YouTube chèng-sek im-ga̍k iáⁿ-phìⁿ
** GANGNAM STYLE chèng-sek MV ê ū-kò-phìⁿ (預告片) 1
** GANGNAM STYLE chèng-sek MV ê ū-kò-phìⁿ (預告片) 2
** GANGNAM STYLE chèng-sek MV ê chè-chò ki̍t-lō͘
* 오빤 딱 내 스타일 YouTube chèng-sek im-ga̍k iáⁿ-phìⁿ

#### YouTube ê Kuso iáⁿ-phìⁿ
Í-hā ê iáⁿ-phìⁿ pò͘-chhut-sò͘ (播出數) chhiau-koè 20 bān (萬), úi pò͘-chhut-sò͘ chē kah chió pâi.
* PSY - GANGNAM STYLE (강남스타일) M/V BYUNTAE STYLE! (PARODY)
* HD FUNNY PSY - "HONGDAE STYLE" (GANGNAM STYLE) MV PARODY BY TREND FACTORY
* Gangnam Style Parody (eng vers) - PSY
* 這群人 ─ 學尬乾那塞 (GANGNAM STYLE Parody/Skit/台語版) (chit tīn lâng o̍h kah káⁿ-ná sái, Tâi-gí pán)
* ORANG SABAH STYLE (OPPA GANGNAM STYLE PARODY)
* Singaporean Style (Gangnam Style Parody)
* GUNDAM STYLE ! M/V (Gangnam Style Parody)
* Georgetown Gangnam Style by Parazee
* 2NE1 vs. BIG BANG vs. PSY Mashup (I am the Fantastic Style)MV HD
* Gangnam Style cover by Malaysia 8e-news
### Youtube í-goā--ê
* 閩南STYLE最終版 (Bân-lâm Style choè-tiong pán)
Kok-kun

**Kok-kun** ē-sái chí:
*Ông (王), Hàn-jī sī 國君, kok-ka ê ông.
*Chi̍t-ê kok-ka ê kun-tūi, Hàn-jī sī 國軍.
Kun chi Tāi

**Kun chi Tài** (君之代, Ji̍t-pún-oē: , Hepburn-sek Lô-má-jī: Kimigayo), ia̍h-sī **Kun-tāi-koa** (君代歌), sī Ji̍t-pún ê kok-koa. Koa-sû chhut-chù (出處)  sī *[[Kó͘-kim Hô-koa-chi̍p]]* (古今和歌集), tâu chi̍t kù sī  (wa ga kimi wa, gún kok-kun (國君)). Liáu-āu tī *[[Hô-Hàn Lóng-ēng-chi̍p]]* (和漢朗詠集) chhut-hiān hiān-tāi pán. Chò-khek-chiá sī Hayashi Hiromori (林廣守).

*Kun chi Tài* siōng chá tī Bêng-tī Sî-tāi (明治時代) tēng-chò Ji̍t-pún kok-koa. Hiong-káng Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi (香港日本時代) ū chèng-sek Tiong-bûn (Bûn-giân-bûn) pán, hō-choè *Hông-chò͘* (皇祚). Tē 2 pái sè-kài tāi-chiàn (第二擺世界大戰) í-āu, in-ùi Chù-ji̍t Bêng-kun Chóng-su-lēng (駐日盟軍總司令) kong-pò͘ Ji̍t-pún chèng-hú tāi-chiàn chìn-chêng ê kong-kò (公告)  bô-hāu, só͘-í piàn-chò  sū-si̍t siōng (事實上, de facto) ê kok-koa. 1999 nî 8 goe̍h 9 ji̍t, Ji̍t-pún Chham-gī-īⁿ (日本參議院) tong-koè *Koan-sia̍p (關涉) Kok-kî kap Kok-koa ê Hoat-lu̍t* (, kán-lio̍k-chò (簡略做) *Kok-kî Kok-koa Hoat*), *Kun chi Tāi* koh chiâⁿ-chò chèng-sek ê Ji̍t-pún kok-koa, ùi 2000 nî 3 goe̍h 1 ji̍t khí ū hāu.

## Koa-sû

## Chù-kái


## Koan-liân Bûn-chiuⁿ
* Hino kī-choa̍t phoāⁿ-chàu Kun chi Tāi ê sò͘-siōng (Hino 拒絕伴奏君之代的訴訟)
* Kun chi Tāi siáu-liân

## Goā-pō͘ liân-kiat
* 东京教师未唱君之代遭处分 上法庭告教委 (Hoâ-gí)

Lūi-pia̍t:Kok-koa
Lūi-pia̍t:Ji̍t-pún bûn-hòa
Gī

**Gī** ē-sái chí:
*2, Hàn-jī 二 ia̍h-sī 貳 (toā-siá), chi̍t ê sò͘-jī.
*Hàn-jī "義":
**Gī (tō-tek), ha̍p-lí ê tāi-chì kah goân-chek.
**Gī (hun-chú seng-bu̍t-ha̍k), Eng-gí "sense", hun-chú seng-bu̍t-ha̍k (分子生物學) ê bêng-sû.

## Koan-liân bûn-chiuⁿ
*jī
*lī
Sin

**Sin** ē-sái chí:
*Siōng-hái-chhī ê pa̍t-miâⁿ, hàn-jī 申.
*Sin-khu
*Chèng-hiân
*Eng-bûn tiong ê hoān-chōe.
Sò-lô

**Sò-lô** (hàn-jī: 掃羅), Eng-gí sī **Saul**, goân-bûn sī Hi-pek-lâi-gí (希伯來語) ê *Shaul*, ē-sái chí:
*Se-iûⁿ ê lâng-miâ.

Sèng-keng ê jîn-bu̍t:
*Sò-lô-ông, Í-sek-lia̍t Ông-kok (以色列王國) tâu chi̍t ê ông.
*Sò-lô (Í-tong), Í-tong (以東) ê kok-ông.
*Sò-lô (Shaul), Se-biān (西緬) ê kiáⁿ (Chhòng-sè-kì 46:10, Chhut Ai-ki̍p-kì 6:15, Bîn-sò͘-kì 26:13).
*Tāi-sò͘ (大數, Tarsus) ê Sò-lô, Pó-lô ê goân-miâ.
Í-sek-lia̍t (khu-pia̍t-ia̍h)

**Í-sek-lia̍t** (Hàn-jī: 以色列, Eng-gí: Israel) ē-sái chí:
*Í-sek-lia̍t-kok, chit-má tī Se-a (西亞) ê kok-ka.
*Í-sek-lia̍t Ông-kok, kó͘-chá tī Se-a ê kok-ka.
*Chhòng-sè-kì tiong Ngá-kok (雅各) ê pia̍t-miâ.
Lài-tah

**Lài-tah** (Ji̍t-gí:  *raitâ*), mā kiò **hé-khiat** (hér-khiat / hóe-khiat), sī ēng lâi sán-seng hóe-iām ê chi̍t khoán sè-hāng ke-si.
Tâi-Bí-jîn

**Tâi-Bí-jîn, Tâi-Bí-lâng** sī ùi Tâi-oân î-bîn kàu Bí-kok ê Tâi-oân-lâng, mā thang chí in ê kiáⁿ-sun, ia̍h chio̍h sī **Tâi-oân-hē Bí-kok-lâng**.
Tiâu-iok

**Tiâu-iok** sī kok-ka iā-sī kok-chè cho͘-chit chi-kan chiàu kok-chè-hoat tông-ì, siá-hó lâi chhiam ê chèng-sek iok-sok.
Kok-chè-hoat

**Kok-chè-hoat** sī kok-ka chi-kan ê hoat-lu̍t, sī kok-chè koan-hē ūn-chok ê chi̍t khoán ki-chhó͘.

Lūi-pia̍t:Hoat-lu̍t
Hoat-īⁿ

**Hoat-īⁿ** (; ) sī choan-bûn leh sím-phòaⁿ, kái-koat cheng-gī pēng-chhiáⁿ kái-sek hoat-lu̍t ê chèng-hú ki-koan, hêng-sú su-hoat-khoân. Nā chiàu hun-koân lâi kóng, hoat-īⁿ koh ū chè-hêng hêng-chèng-khoân kah li̍p-hoat-khoân ê chok-iōng. Tû-liáu phó͘-thong hoat-īⁿ lia̍h-gōa, mā ū khó-lêng ē ū hiàn-hoat hoat-īⁿ, hêng-chèng hoat-īⁿ ia̍h kî-thaⁿ khah te̍k-sû--ê choan-bûn hoat-īⁿ.
Au-chiu Liân-bêng Pō͘-tiúⁿ Hōe-gī

[縮圖|Au-chiu Liân-bêng Lí-sū-hōe kap [Au-chiu Ko-hong-hōe ê piau-chì]]
**Au-chiu Liân-bêng Pō͘-tiúⁿ Hōe-gī** (歐洲聯盟部長會議) iā-sī **Au-chiu Liân-bêng Lí-sū-hōe** (歐洲聯盟理事會; Eng-gí: *Council of the European Union*) sī Au-chiu Liân-bêng ê li̍p-hoat ki-kò͘ chi it; lēng-gōa 1 ê li̍p-hoat kī-kió sī Au-chiu Gī-hōe. I chham Au-chiu Gī-hōe ha̍p-chòe chi̍t-ê lióng-īⁿ-chè ê li̍p-hoat pō͘-bûn. Ta̍k-ê hōe-oân kok-ka ê pō͘-tiún tāi-piáu in ê kok-ka chhut-se̍k.
Au-chiu Ko-hong-hōe

**Au-chiu Ko-hong-hōe** (Eng-gí: *European Council*) sī Au-chiu Liân-bêng koat-tēng chèng-chhek tōa hong-hiòng ê ki-kió. Kok-ka ê thâu-lâng iā-sī siú-siòng tāi-piáu tak ê hōe-oân kok-ka chhut-se̍k. Taⁿ chú-se̍k sī Charles Michel (Pe̍k-ní-gī-lâng).
Au-chiu Liân-bêng Chip-hêng Úi-oân-hōe

**Au-chiu Liân-bêng Chip-hêng Úi-oân-hōe** () sī Au-chiu Liân-bêng ê chip-hêng ki-kò͘. Ta̍k ê hōe-oân-kok phài-chhut 1 ê lí-sū, keng-kòe Au-chiu Gī-hōe ê tông-ì chiah thang chiū-jīm. Taⁿ ê chú-se̍k sī Ursula von der Leyen (Tek-kok-lâng).
Au-chiu Liân-bêng Hoat-īⁿ

**Au-chiu Liân-bêng Hoat-īⁿ** sī Au-chiu Liân-bêng koat-tēng Liân-bêng ê hoat-lu̍t ē-kha tiōng-iāu ê àn-kiaⁿ ê hoat-īⁿ. I ê ē-kha koh hun-chò Au-chiu Hoat-īⁿ, Phó͘-thong Hoat-īⁿ, kap Kong-bū Jîn-oân Hoat-īⁿ.
Au-chiu Tiong-iong Gîn-hâng

**Au-chiu Tiong-iong Gîn-hâng** sī Au-chiu Liân-bêng ê tiong-iong gîn-hâng, hū-chek iōng euro chòe hōe-phiò ê hōe-oân kok-ka ê hōe-phiò chèng-chhek. Chú-se̍k sī Mario Draghi (Í-tāi-lī-lâng).
Sèng-pia̍t

**Sèng-pia̍t**, chiàu seng-bu̍t-ha̍k ì-gī, sī kun-kù seⁿ-thòaⁿ kong-lêng kiam siong-koan ê ûi-thoân téng seng-lí chha-pia̍t,  tùi seng-bu̍t kò-thé só͘ chò ê khu-hun. Nā thó-lūn tio̍h lâng, sèng-pia̍t mā koan-hē tio̍h kò-thé pún-sin sim-lí ì-sek, kap siā-hōe hong-bīn ê jīn-sek. Lâng ê sèng-pia̍t ki-pún ê hun-iá sī lâm-sèng kap lú-sèng; tī chi̍t kóa bûn-hòa lāi-bīn, ū siā-hōe siōng kong-jīn bô sǹg chia nn̄g khoán ê kûn-thé. 

## Sèng-pia̍t ê siā-hōe lí-lūn
1970 nî-tāi chó-iū khai-sí liû-hêng ê chi̍t thò lú-sèng-chú-gī lí-lūn, khu-pia̍t liáu "seng-bu̍t-tek" kap "siā-hōe-tek" ê sèng-pia̍t; chiàu chi̍t khoán lí-lō͘, thang tī Eng-gí lāi-bīn pun chò seng-bu̍t-ha̍k he̍k-chiá kóng seng-lí ê ***sex*** (seng-lí sèng-pia̍t), kiam kóng sī siā-hōe kò͘-tio̍k (*social construct*) ê ***gender*** (siā-hoē sèng-pia̍t), tī hiān-chāi ê siā-hōe kho-ha̍k chin chia̍p chhái-ēng chit khoán jīn-sek.
Au-chiu Le̍k Tóng

**Europa Le̍k Tóng** sī tī Europa Liân-bêng kap kî-thaⁿ Europa kok-ka oa̍h-tāng ê Le̍k Tóng. I tī Europa Gī-hōe kap Europa Chū-iû Liân-bêng ha̍p-chok, sǹg gī-hōe lāi-té tē 4 tōa ê chéng-tóng thoân-thé.
Daniel Cohn-Bendit

**Daniel Cohn-Bendit** (1945 nî 4 goe̍h chhe 4 chhut-sì ti Hoat-kok ê Montauban) sī Tek-kok Le̍k Tóng ê chèng-tī jîn-bu̍t, mā tī Hoat-kok oa̍h-tāng. Tī 1968 nî Hoat-kok ha̍k-seng tōa ūn-tōng ê sî, i bat sī léng-tó ê lâng chi it. Taⁿ i sī tī Europa Gī-hōe lāi-té Europa Le̍k Tóng/Europa Chū-iû Liân-bêng chéng-tóng thoân-thé 2 ê kiōng-tông chú-se̍k chi it.
## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
*Daniel Cohn-Bendit ê kó-jîn bāng-chām  (Eng-gí, Hoat-gí, Tek-gí)
Boán-chiu-gí

** Boán-chiu-gí** (滿洲語; *manju gisun*) sī Boán-chiu-cho̍k só͘ sái-iōng ê gí-giân, sio̍k-î Altay gí-hē Tungus gí-cho̍k Boán-chiu-gí-chi. Boán-chiu bûn-jī sī tī Bông-kó͘ bûn-jī ê ki-chhó͘ siōng ka-í kái-chìn ê su-siá peng-im bûn-jī. 

## Boán-chiu-gí gôan-liû

Tī bān-tn̂g le̍k-sú  ián-piàn tiong, kó͘-ló ê Lí-chin-lâng, thong-kòe put-tōan kah  chiu-piⁿ kok bîn-cho̍k iông-ha̍p,  chòe-chiong chāi 17 Sè-kí  hêng-sêng chi̍t-ê sin-ê bîn-cho̍k — Boán-chiu-cho̍k, Bóan-gí iā-sī sûi-chāi chiông Lí-chin-gí ián-piàn kòe-lâi. Boán-chiu-gí tī hêng-sêng kòe-têng tiong ū siū-kòe Bông-kó͘-gí, Hàn-gí téng-téng kî-thaⁿ bîn-cho̍k gí-giân ê éng-hióng. 

## Boán-chiu-gí tan-jī
*Sai-á: (arsalan)
*Hó͘: (tasha);
*Gû: (ihan);
*Thò͘-á: (gūlmahūn);
*Bé: (morin);
*Góa: (bi); 
*Kâu-á: (bonio);
*Lāu-pē: (ama);
*Cha-po͘-lâng (haha); 
*Cha-bó͘（hehe）; 
*Lô͘-lē (aha) 
*m̄-sī (waka);
*ē-sai (ombi) ;

## Chham-khó

## Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
*Boán-chiu-gí Choan-gia̍p Ha̍k-si̍p bāng-lō͘ 
*Unicode Boán-chiu-ûn Su-ji̍p-hoat
*Boán-chiu-ûn Su-ji̍p kang-khū 
*Solonju ê Boán-chiu-gí Ha̍k-si̍p bāng-lō͘

Lūi-pia̍t:Giân-gú
Au-chiu Sín-kè Īⁿ

**Au-chiu Sín-kè Īⁿ** sī Au-chiu Liân-bêng hū-che̍k kiám-cha siàu-ba̍k ê chú-iàu ki-kió.
Hōe-á

**Hōe-á** sī lâng hō͘-siong tēng-kî chiò chîⁿ ê hong-hoat kap cho͘-chit. Tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ sī hui-chèng-sek ê.

Lūi-pia̍t:Kim-hiông
Round Maple

**Round Maple** sī Eng-lân Suffolk kūn Babergh khu Edwardstone tē-hng lāi-bīn chi̍t-ê chng. Jîn-kháu 20. 

## Liân-kiat
* TL953436.

Lūi-pia̍t:Eng-lân
Ang-kong-hn̂g

**Ang-kong-hn̂g** (翁公園) sī Tâi-oân Ko-hiông-chhī ê chi̍t-ê tē-hō-miâ,  Tōa-liâu-khu ê chi̍t-ê chng-thâu.

Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi Ang-kong-hn̂g bat siat chò Tōa-liâu-chng ê tōa-jī (chhī-ke-chng ē-té ê hêng-chèng-khu), 1935 nî ê sî ū khiā-khí jîn-kháu 3149 lâng.

## Chham-khó

## Liân-kiat
* 

Lūi-pia̍t:Ko-hiông-chhī ê tē-hng
Lūi-pia̍t:Tâi-oân ê chng-siā
Lūi-pia̍t:Tōa-liâu-khu
Caroline Kûn-tó

**Caroline Kûn-tó** (Eng-gí: *Caroline Islands*) tī Thài-pêng-iûⁿ se-pō͘, Sin Guinea ê pak-pêng. Kûn-tó tōa-hūn sio̍k Micronesia Liân-pang, chi̍t pō͘-hūn sī Palau.
Hāi

**Hāi** ē-sái chí:
*Helium: 1 koán goân-sò͘, Hàn-jī 氦.
*Hāi (tē-chi): tē 12 ê tē-chi (地支), Hàn-jī 亥.
Francesco Petrarca

**Francesco Petrarca** (1313 nî 7 goe̍h 20 ji̍t - 1375 nî 7 goe̍h 18 ji̍t) sī Bûn-gē-ho̍k-heng sî-tāi ê Italia chok-ka ia̍h si-jîn, *[[Canzoniere]]* sī i-ê tāi-piáu-chok.

Lūi-pia̍t:Í-tāi-lī jîn-bu̍t
Lūi-pia̍t:Bûn-gē-ho̍k-heng jîn-bu̍t
Bô Lí Tio̍h Bô Chó͘-kok

**Bô Lí Tio̍h Bô Chó͘-kok** (Tiâu-sián-gí: 당신이 없으면 조국도 없다 *Tangsini ŏpsŭmyŏn chogukto ŏpta*), sī chi̍t siú chhut-miâ--ê o-ló Pak-tiâu-sián chêng-goân-siú (元首) Kim Chèng-ji̍t ê koa, tī 1993 nî, iû chok-sû Lí Chong-ngó͘ (李宗伍, ) kah chok-khek N̂g Tìn-éng (黃鎮泳, ) siá--ê.

## Koa-sû khài-iàu (概要)
Koa-sû ū saⁿ-toāⁿ. Thâu-toāⁿ loē-iông sī Kim Chèng-ji̍t kā tōa-hong-hō͘ koaⁿ--chhut-khì, hō͘ jîn-bîn sìn-liām (信念). Tē 2 toāⁿ kóng i sī bī-lâi kah ǹg-bāng ê oá-khò, bîn-cho̍k ê miā-ūn. Siōng-boé--ê sī jîn-bîn it-tēng ē siong-sìn i. Ta̍k toāⁿ lóng ēng "Nā bô lí tio̍h bô gún, bô lí tio̍h bô chó͘-kok (祖國)" lâi kiat-sok, beh soah sî koh chàn-bí (讚美): nā bô Kim Chèng-ji̍t tio̍h bô chó͘-kok.

## Kî-thaⁿ
Ū pán-pún (pí-lūn Phó͘-thian-pó Tiān-chú Ga̍k-thuân (普天堡電子樂團) pán) kā koa-sû lāi-té ê "Kim Chèng-ji̍t Chiang-kun" kái-choè "Kim Chèng-ji̍t Tông-chì (同志)". Iáu-m̄-koh Hân-gú "tông-chì" (, *tongji*) ê im kah Phó͘-thong-oē ê "thau koe" (偷雞, *touji*) sio-siāng, ū bāng-bîn (網民) kuso-choè "Kim Chèng-ji̍t thau ke".

## Chù-kái


## Chham-khó
*Nā Bô Kiōng-sán-tóng Tio̍h Bô Sin Tiong-kok (Hoâ-gí: 沒有共產黨就沒有新中國)

## Goā-pō͘ liân-kiat
*Uriminzokkiri ê MV (tī Youtube)
ACG

**ACG** sī **A**nimations、**C**omics and **G**ames--ê kán-lio̍k (簡略), ì-sù sī tōng-ōe (動畫), ang-á-chheh kah [[tiān-chú] iû-hì](https://zh_min_nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/ti%C4%81n-ch%C3%BA_i%C3%BB-h%C3%AC) (電子遊戲), te̍k-pia̍t sī Ji̍t-pún lâi--ê. Chit ê sû khah hán-tit hoan--chhut-lâi, tī Hoâ-jîn tē-khu (華人地區) ê chhù-bûn-hoà (次文化) tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ ēng. Chia--ê "G" (tiān-chú iû-hì) siông-siông chí bí-siàu-lú (美少女) iû-hì.

## Goân-thâu kap hoat-tián
1995 nî, Tâi-oân hòⁿ tōng-oē kah bàng-gah--ê AIplus tī Kok-li̍p Tiong-san Tāi-ha̍k (中山大學) ê Soaⁿ Boah Bî-hûn (山抹微雲) BBS khui sin--ê pán (板), miâⁿ hō-choè "ACG_Review", iōng ACG lâi tāi-thoè tōng-oē, ang-á-chheh kah iû-hì. Che sī jī-sû (字詞) ACG ê khí-thâu. liáu-āu in-ùi hō͘ Shuffle Tông-bêng (Hoâ-gí: 傻呼嚕同盟) phó͘-ki̍p, 3 ê jī-bó--ê sūn-sī tio̍h àn-tēng (按定)--lo̍h-lâi, koh thoân kah Tiong-hoâ Jîn-bîn Kiōng-hô-kok kah Hiong-káng téng Hoâ-jîn tē-khu.

Āu-lâi tùi khin-sió-soat (輕小說) kái ê tōng-oē, bàng-gah kah iû-hì lú-lâi lú-chē, só͘-í koh ū "ACGN" (N sī Novel, siáu-soat, siông-siông chí Khin-sió-soat) chit ê sû. Chit-chām ACG ê ì-sù mā ū kâⁿ khin-sió-soat, só͘-í chha-put-to ta̍k ūi lóng iû-goân leh sú-iōng ACG.

## Iōng--ê só͘-chāi
Ji̍t-pún bô teh ēng ACG chit ê sû, khah tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ iōng "MAG" () (*Manga* bàng-gah, *Anime* tōng-oē kah *Game* iû-hì). Ji̍t-pún ê ài-hòⁿ-chiá (愛好者) mā siông-siông kā ACG (pau-hâm Khin-siáu-soat kap figure)--ê bûn-hoà kiò-choè lī-chhù-goân (二次元, chham-khó :ja:2次元#転用). It-poaⁿ kā koan-liân ê chhù-bûn-hoà kiò-choè Otaku bûn-hoà (),  koan-hē sán-gia̍p hō-choè Otaku sán-gia̍p ().

Tī Eng-gí-khoan (英語圈), ACG mā hán-tit sú-iōng.

## Chham-khó
* Tong-oē kah bàng-gah (Hoâ-gí: 動漫)
* Tông-jîn (同人)
* Otaku
* Cosplay
* Li̍t-pún ACG-bê iong--ê su̍t-gú (術語) lia̍t-toaⁿ

## Chhù-kái

Lūi-pia̍t:Gē-su̍t
Lūi-pia̍t:Ang-á-ōe
Lūi-pia̍t:Tiān-chú iû-hì
Chun Doo-hwan

**Chun Doo-hwan** ( *Chôan Táu-hōan*; ) sī Tāi-hân Bîn-kok ê tē-11,12-jīm chóng-thóng, jīm-kî sī 1980 nî 9 goe̍h 1 ji̍t kàu 1988 nî 2 goe̍h 24 ji̍t. I tī Gyeongsang Lâm-tō chhut-sì.

## Bāng-chām
* Chun Doo-hwan
* Chun Doo-hwan:Profile 
* Chun Doo-hwan's Fan Club
Lí Thian-lo̍k

**Lí thian-lo̍k** (李天祿, ), Tâi-oân Tâi-pak-lâng, sī chi̍t-ê pò͘-tē-hì tōa-su, pò-tē-hì thoân ê thoân-miâ hō chòe E̍k-oán-jiân (亦宛然), mā chham-ka tiān-iáⁿ ián-chhut, pí-lūn kóng：*[[Pi-chêng Siâⁿ-chhī]]* (悲情城市), *[[Loān-loān Hong-tîn]]* (戀戀紅塵), *[[Hì-bāng Jîn-seng]]* (戲夢人生).
Babuza Cho̍k

**Babuza/Bâ-bū-sa̍h/Bâ-bū-sa̍k Cho̍k** (貓霧捒族, Bâ-bū-sa̍h gí: Babuza), sī Tâi-oân goân-chū-bîn ê pêⁿ-po͘-cho̍k, mā sī Hô-lân-lâng só͘ kóng--ê Favorlang (虎尾壟), toà tī Toā-tō͘-khe (大肚溪) kah Lô-chúi-khe tiong-kan ê hái-kháu tē-khu, Chiong-hoà Pêng-goân kah Tâi-tiong Phûn-tē (盆地) ê se-lâm pêng. Mā koh ū Chiong-hoà ê Favorlang gí sû-tián, tī 1650 nî iû Hô-lân thoân-tō (傳道) Gilbert Happart ēng Hô-lân-gí siá--ê. Tāi-lio̍k ū 1000 lâng, m̄-koh hō͘ Hàn-jîn tông-hòa (同化)--ah.

## Siā-thâu
*Bé-chi-lîn(?) (馬芝遴社, Chiong-hoà-koān Lo̍k-káng-tìn)
*Bâi-lí-siā (眉裡社, Chiong-hoà-koān Khe-chiu-hiong)
*Poàⁿ-soàⁿ-siā (半線社, Chiong-hoà-koān Chiong-hoà-chhī)
*Châ-á-kheⁿ Siā (柴仔阬社, Chiong-hoà-koān Chiong-hoà-chhī)
*A-sok-siā (阿束社, Asoso, Chiong-hoà-koān Chiong-hoà-chhī)
*Jī-lîm-siā (二林社, Chiong-hoà-koān Jī-lîm-tìn)
*Tang-lê-siā (東螺社, Taopari, Chiong-hoà-koān Pi-thâu-hiong, liáu-āu poaⁿ kah Lâm-tâu-koān Po͘-lí-tìn)
*Sai-lê-siā (西螺社, Hûn-lîm-koān Sai-lê-tìn)

## Chham-khó
*Tōa-tō͘ Ông-kok
*Bâ-bū-sa̍h gí
**Favorlang gí
## Chù-kái

## Goā-kháu ê Liân-kiat
*Tiong-iong Giân-kiù-īⁿ Pêng-po͘ Bûn-hoà Chu-sìn-bāng 
*Tiong-iong Giân-kiù-īⁿ Lâm-tó-gí (南島語) Sò͘-ūi Tián-Chông (典藏) 
*Tiong-iong Giân-kiù-īⁿ Gú-giân Giân-kiù-só͘
Si̍p Kīn-pêng

**Si̍p Kīn-pêng** (習近平, , ) sī Tiong-kok Kiōng-sán-tóng tiong-iong uí-oân-hoē chóng-su-kì (總書記) kap Tiong-kok Kiōng-sán-tóng tiong-iong kun-sū uí-oân-hoē chú-se̍k. I tī Tiong-kok Kiōng-sán-tóng tē 18 kài tiong-iong uí-oân-hoē tē 1 chhù choân-thé hoē-gī (2012-11-15) tòng-soán.

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Lūi-pia̍t:Tiong-hôa Jîn-bîn Kiōng-hô-kok Chú-se̍k