英语不规则动词

英语中有大約 200 個，如果把前缀派生词也计算在内的话，则会更多。在大多数情况下，不规则动词的不规则性体现在过去式和过去分词上。

通常来说，不规则动词的第三人称单数和现在分词的屈折变化（分别是加 *-[e]s* 或 *-ing* 后缀）是规则的，但也有一些例外：如动词 *be*, *have*, *do*, *go*, *say* 等。有些情态动词则没有部分屈折形态。

英语中的不规则动词包含了日常生活中最常用的动词。英语中的新词（如外来词）往往遵循一般的屈折变化，除非它们的词根是一个不规则动词（如 *housesit* 遵循和 *sit* 一样的不规则屈折变化）。

现代英语中的大部分的不规则动词由日耳曼语强变化动词派生而来，这些动词往往通过元音变换来体现屈折形式，比如现代英语中 *sing-sang-sung*。相对的，规则动词在词尾加 *-ed* 的屈折变化，则是来源于日耳曼语弱变化动词在词尾加齿音（*-t* 或 *-d*）的习惯。

有关动词英语中规则动词变位的信息，可参见英语动词条目。

## 列表
本列表包含185個現代英語中常用的不規則動詞。罕用、僅在方言中使用、現今不再使用、透過給基礎動詞加上前綴形成的動詞（如 unbend、 understand,、mistak等，收錄在第二個表格中）不包含在內。不收錄非限定動詞（如 clad, sodden 等）

以下列表中，加底線的變體代表其為較少使用的變體。

**<big>過去式/過去分詞不規則 – 第一表</big>**

***<big>B</big>**
*be (am、is、are) – was (were) – been
*bear – bore – borne/bore
*beat – beat – beaten
*begin – began – begun
*bend – bent – bent
*bet – bet – bet
*bid – bade/bid – bidden/bid
*bide – bided/bode – bided
*bind – bound – bound
*bite – bit – bitten
*bleed – bled – bled
*blend – blended/blent – blended/blent
*blow – blew – blown
*bless – blest/blessed – blest/blessed
*break – broke – broken
*breed – bred – bred
*bring – brought – brought
*build – built – built
*burn – burnt/burned – burnt/burned
*burst – burst – burst
*buy – bought – bought
***<big>C</big>**
*can – could/canned– canned
*cast – cast – cast
*catch – caught – caught
*chide – chided/chid – chided/chid/chidden
*choose – chose – chosen
*clad – clad/cladded – clad/cladded
*cleave – clove/cleft/cleaved – cloven/cleft/cleaved
*cling – clung – clung
*clothe – clothed/clad – clothed/clad
*come – came – come
*cost – cost – cost
*creep – crept/creeped – crept/creeped
*crow – crowed/crew – crowed
*cut – cut – cut
***<big>D</big>**
*deal – dealt – dealt
*dig – dug – dug
*dive – dived/dove – dived/dove
*do (does）– did – done
*draw – drew – drawn
*dream – dreamed/dreamt – dreamed/dreamt
*drink – drank – drunk
*drive – drove – driven
*dwell – dwelt/dwelled – dwelt/dwelled
***<big>E</big>**
*eat – ate – eaten
***F**
*fall – fell – fallen
*feed – fed – fed
*feel – felt – felt
*fight – fought – fought
*find – found – found
*fit – fit/fitted – fit/fitted
*flee – fled – fled
*fling – flung – flung
*fly – flew – flown
*forsake – forsook – forsaken
*freeze – froze – frozen
***<big>G</big>**
*get – got – gotten/got
*gild – gilded/gilt – gilded/gilt
*give – gave – given
*go – went – gone
*grind – ground – ground
*grow – grew – grown
***<big>H</big>**
*hang – hung/hanged – hung/hanged
*have (has) – had – had
*hear – heard – heard
*hew – hewed – hewn/hewed
*hide – hid – hidden
*hit – hit – hit
*hold – held – held
*hurt – hurt – hurt
***K**
*keep – kept – kept
*kneel – knelt/kneeled – knelt/kneeled
*knit – knit/knitted – knit/knitted
*know – knew – known
***<big>L</big>**
*lay – laid – laid
*lead – led – led
*lean – leaned/leant – leaned/leant
*leap – leaped/leapt – leaped/leapt
*learn – learned/learnt – learned/learnt
*leave – left – left
*lend – lent – lent
*let – let – let
*lie – lay/lied – lain/lied
*light – lit/lighted – lit/lighted
*lose – lost – lost
***M**
*make – made – made
*may – might – 缺
*mean – meant – meant
*meet – met – met
*mow – mowed – mowed/mown
***<big>P</big>**
*pay – paid – paid
*plead – pleaded/pled – pleaded/pled
*prove – proved – proved/proven
*put – put – put
***<big>Q</big>**
*quit – quit – quit
***<big>R</big>**
*read（  ）– read（  ）– read（ ）
*rend – rent – rent
*rid – rid/ridded – rid/ridded
*ride – rode – ridden
*ring – rang – rung
*rise – rose – risen
*run – ran – run
***<big>S</big>**
*saw – sawed – sawn/sawed
*say (says ) – said – said
*see – saw – seen
*seek – sought – sought
*sell – sold – sold
*send – sent – sent
*set – set – set
*sew – sewed – sewn/sewed
*shake – shook – shaken
*shall – should – 缺
*shear – sheared – shorn/sheared
*shed – shed – shed
*shine – shone/shined – shone/shined
*shit – shat/shit/shitted – shat/shit/shitted
*shoe – shoed/shod – shoed/shod
*shoot – shot – shot
*show – showed – shown/showed
*shrink – shrank/shrunk – shrunk
*shrive – shrove – shriven
*shut – shut – shut
*sing – sang – sung
*sink – sank – sunk
*sit – sat – sat
*slay – slew/slayed – slain/slayed
*sleep – slept – slept
*slide – slid – slid
*sling – slung – slung
*slink – slunk – slunk
*slit – slit – slit
*smell – smelled/smelt – smelled/smelt
*smite – smote – smitten
*sneak – sneaked/snuck – sneaked/snuck
*sow – sowed – sown/sowed
*speak – spoke – spoken
*speed – sped/speeded – sped/speeded
*spell – spelled/spelt – spelled/spelt
*spend – spent – spent
*spill – spilled/spilt – spilled/spilt
*spin – spun – spun
*spit – spat/spitted/spit – spat/spitted/spit
*split – split – split
*spoil – spoiled/spoilt – spoiled/spoilt
*spread – spread – spread
*spring – sprang/sprung – sprung
*stay – stayed/staid – stayed/staid
*stand – stood – stood
*stave – staved/stove – staved/stove
*steal – stole – stolen
*stick – stuck – stuck
*sting – stung – stung
*stink – stank – stunk
*strew – strewed – strewn/strewed
*stride – strode – stridden
*strike – struck – struck/stricken
*string – strung – strung
*strive – strove/strived – striven/strived
*swear – swore – sworn
*sweat – sweated/sweat – sweated/sweat
*sweep – swept – swept
*swell – swelled – swollen/swelled
*swim – swam – swum
*swing – swung – swung
***<big>T</big>**
*take – took – taken
*teach – taught – taught
*tear – tore/teared– torn/teared
*tell – told – told
*text – texted/text – texted/text
*think – thought – thought
*thrive – thrived/throve – thrived/thriven
*throw – threw – thrown
*thrust – thrust – thrust
*tread – trod/treaded – trodden/trod/treaded
***<big>W</big>**
*wake – woke – woken
*wear – wore – worn
*weave – wove/weaved –wove/woven/weaved
*wed – wed/wedded – wed/wedded
*weep – wept – wept
*wet – wet/wetted – wet/wetted
*will – would – 缺
*win – won – won
*wind – wound – wound
*wring – wrung – wrung
*write – wrote – written
**<big>現在式不規則 – 第一表</big>**
***<big>B</big>**
*be – am/are/is
***<big>D</big>**
*do – does
***H**
*have – has
***<big>S</big>**
*say ( /se/ ) – says ( /sɛz/ )
下表為標準英語所規範的207個（包含37個派生動詞）個不規則動詞。

**<big>過去式/過去分詞不規則 – 第二表</big>**

***<big>A</big>**
*a：
**arise – arose – arisen
**awake – awoke – awoken
***<big>B</big>**
*be：
**become – became – become
**befall – befell – befallen
**beget – begot – begotten
**behold – beheld – beheld
**beset – beset – beset
*be (am、is、are) – was (were) – been
*bear – bore – borne
*beat – beat – beaten
*begin – began – begun
*bend – bent – bent
*beseech – besought – besought
*bet – bet – bet
*beware – 缺 – 缺
*bid – bid – bid
*bind – bound – bound
*bite – bit – bitten
*bleed – bled – bled
*blow – blew – blown
*break – broke – broken
*breed – bred – bred
*bring – brought – brought
*build – built – built
*burst – burst – burst
*buy – bought – bought
***<big>C</big>**
*can – could/canned– canned
*cast – cast – cast
*catch – caught – caught
*chide – chided – chidden
*choose – chose – chosen
*cleave – clove/cleaved – cloven/cleaved
*cling – clung – clung
*come – came – come
*cost – cost – cost
*creep – crept – crept
*cut – cut – cut
***<big>D</big>**
*dare – 缺 – 缺
*deal – dealt – dealt
*dig – dug – dug
*do (does）– did – done
*draw – drew – drawn
*drink – drank – drunk
*drive – drove – driven
*dwell – dwelt – dwelt
***<big>E</big>**
*eat – ate – eaten
***F**
*for(e)：
**forbear – forbore – forborne
**foretell – foretold – foretold
**forgo – forwent – forgone
**foresee – forsaw – forseen
**foreshow – foreshowed – foreshown
*fall – fell – fallen
*feed – fed – fed
*feel – felt – felt
*fight – fought – fought
*find – found – found
*flee – fled – fled
*fling – flung – flung
*fly – flew – flown
*forsake – forsook – forsaken
*freeze – froze – frozen
***<big>G</big>**
*get – got – got
*give – gave – given
*gird – girded – girt/girded
*go – went – gone
*grind – ground – ground
*grow – grew – grown
***<big>H</big>**
*hang – hung – hung
*have (has) – had – had
*hear – heard – heard
*hew – hewed – hewn
*hide – hid – hidden
*hit – hit – hit
*hold – held – held
*hurt – hurt – hurt
***<big>I</big>**
*in：
**inlay – inlaid – inlaid
**input – input – input
*inter：
**interlay – interlaid – interlaid
**interweave – interwove – interwoven
***K**
*keep – kept – kept
*kneel – knelt – knelt
*know – knew – known
***<big>L</big>**
*lade – laded – laden
*lay – laid – laid
*lead – led – led
*leave – left – left
*lend – lent – lent
*let – let – let
*lie – lay – lain
*light – lit – lit
*lose – lost – lost
***M**
*mis： 
**mislead – misled – misled
**misspeak – misspoke – misspoken
**mistake – mistook – mistaken
**misunderstand – misunderstood – misunderstood
*make – made – made
*may – might – 缺
*mean – meant – meant
*meet – met – met
*mow – mowed – mown
*must – 缺 – 缺
***<big>O</big>**
*off：
**offset – offset – offset
*over： 
**overbid – overbid – overbid
**overdo – overdid – overdone
*ought – 缺 – 缺
*owe – ought/owed – owed
***<big>P</big>**
*pre：
**prepay – prepaid – prepaid
**preset – preset – preset
*pay – paid – paid
*prove – proved – proven
*put – put – put
***<big>Q</big>**
*quit – quit – quit
***<big>R</big>**
*re： 
**redo – redid – redone
**remake – remade – remade
**rewrite – rewrote – rewritten
*read（  ）– read（  ）– read（ ）
*rend – rent – rent
*rid – rid – rid
*ride – rode – ridden
*ring – rang – rung
*rise – rose – risen
*rive – rived – rived/riven
*run – ran – run
***<big>S</big>**
*saw – sawed – sawn
*say (says ) – said – said
*see – saw – seen
*seek – sought – sought
*sell – sold – sold
*send – sent – sent
*set – set – set
*sew – sewed – sewn
*shake – shook – shaken
*shall – should – 缺
*shear – sheared – shorn
*shed – shed – shed
*shine – shone – shone
*shoe – shod – shod
*shoot – shot – shot
*show – showed – shown
*shrink – shrank – shrunk
*shrive – shrove – shriven
*shut – shut – shut
*sing – sang – sung
*sink – sank – sunk
*sit – sat – sat
*slay – slew – slain
*sleep – slept – slept
*slide – slid – slid
*sling – slung – slung
*slink – slunk – slunk
*slit – slit – slit
*smell – smelt – smelt
*smite – smote – smitten
*sow – sowed – sown
*speak – spoke – spoken
*speed – sped – sped
*spend – spent – spent
*spill – spilt – spilt
*spin – spun – spun
*spit – spat/spitted – spat/spitted
*split – split – split
*spoil – spoilt – spoilt
*spread – spread – spread
*spring – sprang – sprung
*stand – stood – stood
*stave – staved/stove – staved/stove
*steal – stole – stolen
*stick – stuck – stuck
*sting – stung – stung
*stink – stank – stunk
*strew – strewed – strewn
*stride – strode – stridden
*strike – struck – struck
*string – strung – strung
*strive – strove – striven
*swear – swore – sworn
*sweep – swept – swept
*swell – swelled – swollen
*swim – swam – swum
*swing – swung – swung
***<big>T</big>**
*take – took – taken
*teach – taught – taught
*tear – tore– torn
*tell – told – told
*think – thought – thought
*thrive – thrived – thriven
*throw – threw – thrown
*thrust – thrust – thrust
*tread – trod – trodden
***<big>U</big>**
*un:： 
**unbend – unbent – unbent
**unweave – unwove – unwoven
*under：
**underlie – underlay – underlain
**understand – understood – understood
**undertake – undertook – undertook 
*up： 
**upset – upset – upset
***<big>W</big>**
*with： 
**withdraw – withdrew – withdrawn
**withhold – withheld – withheld 
**withstand – withstood – withstood
*wake – woke – woken
*wear – wore – worn
*weave – wove/weaved – woven/weaved
*wed – wed – wed
*weep – wept – wept
*wet – wet – wet
*will – would – 缺
*win – won – won
*wind – wound – wound
*wring – wrung – wrung
*write – wrote – written
**<big>現在式不規則 – 第二表</big>**
***<big>B</big>**
*be – am/are/is
***<big>D</big>**
*do – does
***H**
*have – has
***<big>S</big>**
*say ( /se/ ) – says ( /sɛz/ )
**英語前35常用動詞整理**

下表為英語前35常用動詞是否為不規則動詞的表格整理。
: **<big>美式動詞與英式動詞</big>**
部分動詞的三態在英式英語與美式英語中存在差異，以下列表整理。
:
**<big>強變化動詞和弱變化動詞</big>**

不規則動詞中，有些是古英語強變化的遺留，有些是音變的結果，有些是類推形成的，以下列表整理。
:

## 引用来源

## 外部链接
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