狄多

**狄多**（ *Dīdō*，）据古希腊和古罗马史料记载，曾是古迦太基女王，迦太基城的建立者。最使她出名的当属古罗马诗人维吉尔在《埃涅阿斯纪》中的记载。埃涅阿斯与狄多相爱，但因为要去建立未来的罗马，不得不离开迦太基，狄多心碎自杀。不過根據記載埃涅阿斯與狄多相差一百年之久，因此不可能相遇。

## 早期记载

阿庇安《羅馬史》、維吉爾《埃涅阿斯纪》傳說從泰尔逃亡的狄多公主以用牛皮量地方式騙得北非突尼斯土地，建立希臘文為牛皮之意的畢爾莎（βύρσα）。

## 另见
*《埃涅阿斯纪》

## 注释

## 部分参考文献
* H. Akbar Khan, *"Doctissima Dido": Etymology, Hospitality and the Construction of a Civilized Identity*, 2002.
* Elmer Bagby Atwood, *Two Alterations of Virgil in Chaucer’s Dido*, 1938.
* S. Conte, *Dido sine veste*, 2005.
* R. S. Conway, *The Place of Dido in History*, 1920.
* F. Della Corte, *La Iuno-Astarte virgiliana*, 1983.
* G. De Sanctis, *Storia dei Romani*, 1916.
* R.J. Edgeworth, "The Death of Dido." *The Classical Journal* 72.2 (1977) 129-33.
* M. Fantar, *Carthage, la prestigieuse cité d'Elissa*, 1970.
* L. Foucher, *Les Phéniciens à Carthage ou la geste d'Elissa*, 1978.
* Michael Grant, *Roman Myths*, 1973.
* M. Gras/P. Rouillard/J. Teixidor, *L'univers phénicien*, 1995.
* H.D. Gray, *Did Shakespeare write a tragedy of Dido?*, 1920.
* G. Herm, *Die Phönizier*, 1974.
* T. Kailuweit, *Dido – Didon – Didone. Eine kommentierte Bibliographie zum Dido-Mythos in Literatur und Musik*, 2005.
* R.C. Ketterer, *The perils of Dido: sorcery and melodrama in Vergil’s Aeneid IV and Purcell's Dido and Aeneas*, 1992.
* R.H. Klausen, *Aeneas und die Penaten*, 1839.
* G. Kowalski, **', 1929.
* F.N. Lees，《迦太基女王狄多和<暴风雨>》（Dido Queen of Carthage and The Tempest），1964年。
* J.-Y. Maleuvre, ''Contre-Enquête sur la mort de Didon'', 2003.
* J.-Y. Maleuvre, ''La mort de Virgile d’après Horace et Ovide'', 1993;
* L. Mangiacapre, ''Didone non è morta'', 1990.
* P.E. McLane，《女王之死：斯宾塞的伊丽莎白女王——狄多》（The Death of a Queen: Spencer's Dido as Elizabeth），1954年。
* O. Meltzer, ''Geschichte der Karthager'', 1879.
* A. Michel, ''Virgile et la politique impériale: un courtisan ou un philosophe?'', 1971.
* R.C. Monti, ''The Dido Episode and the Aeneid: Roman Social and Political Values in the Epic'', 1981.
* S. Moscati, ''Chi furono i Fenici. Identità storica e culturale di un popolo protagonista dell'antico mondo mediterraneo'', 1992.
* R. Neuse, ''Book VI as Conclusion to The Faerie Queene'', 1968.
* A. Parry, ''The Two Voices of Virgil's Aeneid'', 1963.
* G.K. Paster, ''Montaigne, Dido and The Tempest: “How Came That Widow In?'', 1984.
* B. Schmitz, ''Ovide, In Ibin: un oiseau impérial'', 2004;
* E. Stampini, ''Alcune osservazioni sulla leggenda di Enea e Didone nella letteratura romana'', 1893.

==主要资料来源==
*Virgil, ''Aeneid i.338–368''
*Justinus, ''Epitome Historiarum philippicarum Pompei Trogi xviii.4.1–6, 8''

==外部链接==



* **Selected English texts** <small>(''Alternate links found in Wikipedia entries for the respective authors.'')</small>
** [http://www.forumromanum.org/literature/justin/english/trans18.html#3 Forum Romanum: Justin 18.3f]  (Contains [[Junianus Justinus|Justin]] (18.3–6) relating the early story of Elissa in full.)
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20040606112311/http://www.tonykline.free-online.co.uk/Virgilhome.htm Translation of Virgil's works including the ''Aeneid''] by [[A. S. Kline]] (See also [[Virgil]] and [[Aeneid]].)
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20070406131254/http://courses.washington.edu/hum523/dido/HeroidesVII(trans).html Ovid's imagined letter from Dido to Aeneas, trans. Miceal F. Vaughan] (See also [[Ovid]].)
** [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=App.+Pun.+1.1 Appian, ''The Punic Wars'', chapter 1]  (See also [[Appian]].)
** [http://courses.washington.edu/hum523/dido/index.html Dido, Queen of Carthage] , original text, modernization, and discussion of [[Chaucer]]'s ''Legend of Dido''
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20040619025007/http://www2.prestel.co.uk/rey/dido.htm ''The Tragedy of Dido, Queen of Carthage'', by Christopher Marlowe (and Thomas Nashe?)]. (See also [[Christopher Marlowe]].)
* **Commentary'''
** Greek Mythology Link: Dido
** Queen Dido: Didone Liberata  (Mostly about a new four-act play by Salvatore Conte; it contains also a confutation of the well-known suicide into a subjective vision of Aeneas and his "comites" – 4.664, followed by Dido's catabasis)