荷兰西印度公司

**特许西印度公司**（，简称GWC），通称**荷兰西印度公司**，创建于1621年6月3日，是荷兰在聯省共和國时期仿东印度公司模式建立的特许公司，被荷兰政府特许在巴西、加勒比海群岛和北美洲为进行大西洋奴隶贸易。成立之初只是為了打破西班牙及葡萄牙對西方貿易權的壟斷，以及將對西戰爭的壓力從本土轉移到泛大西洋地區。在十七世紀初期到十八世紀曾對整個西半球的貿易，殖民，海盜等各方面擁有巨大的影響力。公司于1674年因债务未偿还而解体，但因为贩卖农奴的高额利润和巨大需求，以及现存的诸多殖民地的，第二家西印度公司于1675年诞生，史称为第二西印度公司或新西印度公司。主要航线与第一家重叠，所有的船舶等财产归第二西印度公司所有。它大约拥有六百万荷兰盾的资产，其中主要由阿姆斯特丹分部贡献。第二西印度公司在1792年關閉，爾後在1800年左右還出現「第三西印度公司」，但未成功建立。

## 相关条目
*荷兰共和国
*荷兰王国
*荷兰帝国
*新尼德兰
*荷属安的列斯
*荷兰东印度公司
*苏里南
*新阿姆斯特丹
*荷属美洲殖民地

## 参考资料
*張亞中，*小國崛起——轉捩點上的關鍵抉擇*，聯經出版事務股份有限公司，2008年，ISBN 978-957-08-3247-1

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