2014年巴西大选

**2014年巴西大选**于2014年10月5日举行，将选举出巴西正、副总统、27名联邦参议员、全部513名众议员、各州州长（包括联邦区，记27名）及各州议员（包括联邦区议员，记1059名）。由于没有候选人在总统和州长选举中获得超过50%的选票，第二轮决选将于10月26日举行。

第一轮投票的初步结果显示，现任总统罗塞夫赢得了41.6%的选票，处于领先地位。社会民主党的阿埃西奥·内韦斯得票率为33.5%，社会党候选人玛丽娜·席尔瓦（Marina Silva）为21.3%。最终的争夺将在罗塞夫和内韦斯之间进行。第二輪投票：迪爾瑪·羅塞夫以54,501,118票（51.64%）擊敗取得51,041,155票（48.36%）的阿埃西奧·內韋斯。迪爾瑪·羅塞夫成功連任總統。

据估计，本次巴西大选有超过2200万选民将经过生物特征识别进行投票，巴西最高选举法院表示这将有效预防选举中出现的一些欺诈行为。

## 总统选举
现任总统劳工党的迪尔玛·罗塞夫是巴西首位女总统，正在竞选连任。她与其他11个候选人展开竞选，其中米纳斯吉拉斯州社会民主党（PSDB）参议员阿埃西奥·内韦斯和社会党（PSB）的玛丽娜·席尔瓦是她的主要竞争对手。如果10月5日没有候选人获得超过50%的有效选票，第二轮将于10月26日举行。

原社会党候选人爱德华多·坎波斯（Eduardo Campos）2014年8月13日在桑托斯死于飞机失事之后，他的竞选伙伴玛丽娜·席尔瓦代替他为社会党总统候选人。

第二轮：迪尔玛·罗塞夫以54,501,118票（51.64%）擊敗取得51,041,155票（48.36%）的阿埃西奧·內韋斯。

### 候选人



### 民意调查

**第一轮**



**第二轮**

**迪尔玛 vs. 玛丽娜**

**迪尔玛 vs. 阿埃西奥**

**玛丽娜 vs. 阿埃西奥**

### 选举结果

## 州长与参议员选举

所有数据来自*DivulgaCand 2014*，各州开放式(州长、参议员)候选人列表, 由巴西最高选举法院 (TSE)官网提供。自动放弃或者不符合选举规定条件的候选人不在列表中显示。

在2010年的国会选举中，已经改选81名参议员中的三分之二。由于巴西国会联邦参议院每州各分配3名参议员，因此本届大选将改选剩余的27名参议员，也就是每州各改选一名参议员。

州长候选人底色为黄色的为选前该州州长，与总统选举规则一样，州长选举首轮未超过50%，前两位候选人进行第二轮投票。州长及其竞选搭档以及联邦众议员候选人选前职业参见葡萄牙语维基。

## 议会选举

### 国会选举
参议员选举详情请参见本条目州长与参议员选举部分。

有198人第一次进入众议院，这是16年来首次出现这样的情形。
**2014年10月5日[[巴西国会]]选举结果摘要
|-
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left valign=top rowspan=2|政党联盟
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left valign=top rowspan=2 colspan=2|政党
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=center valign=top colspan=5|[[巴西众议院|众议院]]
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" valign=top align=center colspan=6|[[巴西联邦参议院|联邦参议院]]
|-
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right valign=top|票数
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right valign=top|%(票数)
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right valign=top|席位
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right valign=top|%(席位)
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right valign=top|+/–
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right valign=top|票数
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right valign=top|%(票数)
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right valign=top|席位
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right valign=top|总数
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right valign=top|%(席位)
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right valign=top|+/–
|-
| rowspan=10 | **执政联盟**<br>**With thestrength of the people**
| bgcolor="#DC143C"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[巴西勞工黨]] ''(Partido dos Trabalhadores, PT)''
|13.554.166
 
|14,00% 
| 70
|13,65% 
| –18
|15.155.818 
|17,00% 
|2 
| 12
|14,81% 
| –2
|-
| bgcolor="#B8860B"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[巴西民主運動黨]] ''(Partido do Movimento Democrático Brasileiro, PMDB)''
|10.791.949 
|11,15% 
| 66
|12,87% 
| –13
|12.129.969 
|13,61% 
|5 
| 18
|22,22% 
| –2
|-
| bgcolor="#40E0D0"|&nbsp;
|align=left|  ''(Partido Social Democrático, PSD)''
|5.967.953 
|6,16% 
| 37
|7,21% 
| ''New''
|7.147.245 
|8,02% 
|2 
| 3
|3,70% 
| ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="#6A5ACD"|&nbsp;
|align=left|  ''(Partido Progressista, PP)''
|6.178.949 
|6,38% 
| 36
|7,02% 
| –5
|1.931.738 
|2,17% 
|1 
| 5
|6,17% 
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor="#00008B"|&nbsp;
|align=left|  ''(Partido da República, PR)''
|5.633.054 
|5,82% 
| 34
|6,63% 
| –7
|696.462 
|0,78% 
|1 
| 4
|4,94% 
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor="#B0E0E6"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[巴西共和党]] ''(Partido Republicano Brasileiro, PRB)''
|4.408.641 
|4,55% 
| 21
|4,09% 
| +13
|301.162 
|0,34% 
|0 
| 1
|1,23% 
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor="#FF6347"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[民主工党 (巴西)]] ''(Partido Democrático Trabalhista, PDT)''
|3.469.168 
|3,58% 
| 19
|3,70% 
| –9
|3.609.643 
|4,05% 
|4 
| 8
|9,88% 
| +4
|-
| bgcolor="#FF69B4"|&nbsp;
|align=left|  ''(Partido Republicano da Ordem Social, Pros)''
|1.977.117 
|2,04% 
| 11
|2,14% 
| ''New''
|2.234.132 
|2,51% 
|0
| 1
|1,23% 
| ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="#B22222"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[巴西共产党|巴西共产党 (1962)]] ''(Partido Comunista do Brasil, PCdoB)''
|1.913.015 
|1,98% 
| 10
|1,95% 
| –5
|803.144 
|0,90% 
|0 
| 1
|1,23% 
| −1
|-
|colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | **总计**
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |53.894.012 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |55,66% 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | 304
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |59,26% 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | +4
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |44.009.313 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |49,36% 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |15 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | 53
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |65,43% 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | +3
|-
| rowspan=10 | **反对联盟Change, Brazil**
| bgcolor="#0000FF"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[巴西社会民主党]] ''(Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira, PSDB)''
|11.071.772 
|11,43% 
| 54
|10,53% 
| +1
|23.880.078 
|26,79% 
|4 
| 10
|12,35%
| −1
|-
| bgcolor="CD853F"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[巴西工党|巴西工党 (1981)]] ''(Partido Trabalhista Brasileiro, PTB)''
|3.914.193 
|4,04% 
| 25
|4,87% 
| +4
|2.803.999 
|3,15% 
|2 
| 3
|2,47% 
| −3
|-
| bgcolor="#48D1CC"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[民主党 (巴西)|民主主义者]] ''(Democratas, DEM)''
|4.080.757 
|4,21% 
| 22
|3,94% 
| –21
|3.515.426 
|4,29%
|3 
| 5
|6,17% 
| −1
|-
| bgcolor="FF8C00"|&nbsp;
|align=left|  ''(Solidariedade, SD)''
|2.637.961 
|2,72% 
| 15
|2,92% 
| ''New''
|370.507 
|0,42%
|0 
| 1
|1,23% 
| ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="#90EE90"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[國家工黨 (巴西)|国家工党]] ''(Partido Trabalhista Nacional, PTN)''
|720.878 
|0,74% 
| 4
|0,78% 
| +4
|2.741 
|0,00% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor="#FF4500"|&nbsp;
|align=left|  ''(Partido da Mobilização Nacional, PMN)''
|467.777 
|0,48% 
| 3
|0,58% 
| –1
|57.911 
|0,06% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| −1
|-
| bgcolor="#2E8B57"|&nbsp;
|align=left|  ''(Partido Ecológico Nacional, PEN)''
|663.108 
|0,69% 
| 2
|0,39% 
| ''New''
|65.597 
|0,07% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="#20B2AA"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[基督工黨]] ''(Partido Trabalhista Cristão, PTC)''
|338.117 
|0,35% 
| 2
|0,39% 
| +1
|21.993 
|0,02% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor="#8FBC8F"|&nbsp;
|align=left|  ''(Partido Trabalhista do Brasil, PTdoB)''
|812.206 
|0,84% 
| 1
|0,19% 
| –2
|11.300 
|0,01% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|-
|colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | **总计**
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |24.706.769 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |25,52% 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | 128
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |24,95% 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | +3
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |30.729.552 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |34,47% 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |9 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | 19
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |23,46%
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | −5
|-
| rowspan="7" | **反对联盟United for Brazil**
| bgcolor="DAA520"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[巴西社会党]] ''(Partido Socialista Brasileiro, PSB)''
|6.267.878 
|6,47% 
| 34
|6,63% 
| ±0
|12.123.194 
|13,60% 
|3 
| 7
|8,64% 
| +4
|-
| bgcolor="#FF7F50"|&nbsp;
|align=left|  ''(Partido Popular Socialista, PPS)''
|1.955.490 
|2,02% 
| 10
|1,95% 
| –2
|0 
|0,00% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| −1
|-
| bgcolor="FFA500"|&nbsp;
|align=left|  ''(Partido Humanista da Solidariedade, PHS)''
|917.647 
|0,95% 
| 5
|0,97% 
| +3
|0
|0,00% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor="000080"|&nbsp;
|align=left|  ''(Partido Republicano Progressista, PRP)''
|723.965 
|0,75% 
| 3
|0,58% 
| +1
|170.527 
|0,19% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor="#FFFF00"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[社会自由党 (巴西)]] ''(Partido Social Liberal, PSL)''
|808.710 
|0,84% 
| 1
|0,19% 
| ±0
|0 
|0,00% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor="#9ACD32"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[自由祖国党 (巴西)|自由祖国党]] ''(Partido Pátria Livre, PPL)''
|141.254 
|0,15% 
| 0
|0,0% 
| ''New''
|29.366 
|0,03% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|-
|colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | **总计**
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |10.814.944 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |11,17% 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | 53
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |10,33% 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | +2
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |12.323.087 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |13,82 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |3 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | 7
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |8,64% 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | +3
|-
| rowspan="10" | **其他**
| bgcolor="#006400"|&nbsp;
|align=left|  ''(Partido Social Cristão, PSC)''
|2.448.898 
|2,53% 
| 12
|2,34% 
| –5
|19.286 
|0,02% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| −1
|-
| bgcolor="#ADFF2F"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[綠黨 (巴西)|绿党]] ''(Partido Verde, PV)''
|2.004.464 
|2,07% 
| 8
|1,56% 
| –7
|536.978 
|0,60% 
|0 
| 1
|1,23% 
| +1
|-
| bgcolor="#FFD700"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[社会主义和自由党 (巴西)|社会与自由党]] ''(Partido Socialismo e Liberdade, PSOL)''
|1.745.470 
|1,80% 
| 5
|0,97% 
| +2
|1.045.275 
|1,17% 
|0 
| 1
|1,23% 
| −1
|-
| bgcolor="7B68EE"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[基督教社会民主党]] ''(Partido Social Democrata Cristão, PSDC)''
|500.021 
|0,52% 
| 2
|0,39% 
| +2
|31.011 
|0,03% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor="#6B8E23"|&nbsp;
|align=left|  ''(Partido Renovador Trabalhista Brasileiro, PRTB)''
|450.393 
|0,47% 
| 1
|0,19% 
| –1
|38.429 
|0,04% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor="#CD5C5C"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[联合社会主义工人党 (巴西)|社会主义工人统一党]] ''(Partido Socialista dos Trabalhadores Unificado, PSTU)''
|182.760 
|0,19% 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|345.200 
|0,39% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor="#FF0000"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[巴西的共产党|巴西共产党 (1922)]] ''(Partido Comunista Brasileiro, PCB)''
|66.615 
|0,07% 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|68199 
|0,08% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor="#800000"|&nbsp;
|align=left| [[工人事业党]] ''(Partido da Causa Operária, PCO)''
|12.969 
|0,01% 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|8.561 
|0,01% 
|0 
| 0
|0,00% 
| ±0
|-
|colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | **全部**
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |96.827.315
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |100,00%
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | **513**
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |100,00% 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | ±0
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |89.154.621 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |100,00% 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |27 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | **81**
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right |100,00% 
|style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right | ±0
|-
| colspan=14 |<small>**信息来源: 众议院,  联邦参议院
|}
### 州议会选举

## 法院登记政党
登记政党（*TSE Identification Number*）一览表

## 参考