漢語圈

**漢語圈**（），或稱作**華語圈**或**中文圈**，是21世紀的新詞，在歐系語言意為「漢語使用人士(者)」、「華語使用人士(者)」或「中文使用人士(者)」（），意指居民能使用至少一種漢語變體的地區，也表示其上的文化或語言。這一詞語在學術界的使用上有些含糊，主要可分為兩類：

# 以漢語為官方語言的國家及地區，即狹義上的「**華語世界**」（）。
# 特指漢語為少數語言的地區，即不含中國大陸、香港、澳門、台灣、新加坡、马来西亚。

許多作者以**漢語圈世界**（）這一詞語指涉分佈於大中華地區之外的海外華人地區；而有些則指涉整個華語世界，等同於華人地區。官話（現代標準漢語）是今日最被廣泛使用的漢語變體，擁有超過10億使用者，約佔世界人口的20%。

現代標準漢語是今日中華人民共和國與中華民國的官方語言、新加坡的官方語言之一，也是聯合國6種官方語言之一。漢語族之一的粵語（廣東話）是香港與澳門的官方語言。在美國、巴西、加拿大、澳大利亞、馬來西亞、菲律賓、泰國、越南、印度尼西亞、模里西斯、秘魯、委內瑞拉等國家或地區都有為數可觀的海外華人人口及社區，多數使用著不同的漢語變體（漢語方言），如廣東話（）、泉漳話（）、福州話（）、潮州話（）等等。

語言學網站《民族語》估計全球33個國家約有漢語使用者11.97億人。依照所使用的不同變體進行細部統計：官話8.48億、吳語7720萬、粵語6220萬、閩南語4680萬、晉語4500萬、湘語3600萬、客家語3010萬、贛語2060萬、閩北語1030萬、閩東語910萬、徽語460萬、閩中語310萬、莆仙語260萬等。

## 參見
* 漢語族
* 漢語國家和地區列表
* 漢字文化圈
* 華人世界

## 參考資料

* Academia Sinica (2012), International Conference on "Global Sinophonia" 「全球華語文化」國際研討會. 
* Bachner, Andrea (July 2011), "Review of Jing Tsu's ''Sound and Script in Chinese Diaspora''", *Modern Chinese Literature and Culture*.
* Barmé, Geremie R. (2005), On New Sinology: *Chinese Studies Association of Australia Newsletter* 3.
* Cambria Press (2012), Cambria Sinophone World Series , University of Pennsylvania.
* (CNRTL) Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales (2012), sinophone , electronic *[[Trésor de la langue française]]*.
* Coulombe, Diane and William L. Roberts (2001), "The French-as-a-second-language learning experience of anglophone and allophone university students," *Research on Immigration and Integration in the Metropolis* Working Paper Series 01-02, Vancouver Centre of Excellence.
* Keen, Ruth (1988), "Information Is All That Counts: An Introduction to Chinese Women's Writing in German Translation," *Modern Chinese Literature* 4.2:225–234. .
* Lewis, M. Paul ed. (2009), *[https://web.archive.org/web/20011005193846/http://www.ethnologue.com/web.asp Ethnologue: Languages of the World]*, 16th edition, SIL International.
* Mair, Victor (2012), "Sinophone and Sinosphere ," Language Log.
* McDonald, Edward (2011), "The '中国通' or the 'Sinophone'? Towards a political economy of Chinese language teaching ," *China Heritage Quarterly* 25.
* Lu, Sheldon Hsiao-peng (2007), "Review of Shih Shu-mei's Visuality and Identity: Sinophone Articulations across the Pacific ," *Modern Chinese Literature and Culture*.
* Saussy, Haun (2012), "On The Phone ," *Printculture*.
* Shih, Shu-Mei (2004), "Global Literature and the Technologies of Recognition," *PMLA* 119.1, 16–30. . .
* Shih, Shu-mei (2005), "Sinophone Articulations Across the Pacific," Ostasiatisches Seminar: Chinese Diasporic and Exile Experience, Universität Zürich.
* Shih, Shu-mei (2007), *Visuality and Identity: Sinophone Articulations across the Pacific*, University of California Press.
* Shih, Shu-Mei (2010), "Theory, Asia and the Sinophone", *Postcolonial Studies* 13.4:465–484. 
* Shih, Shu-mei (2011), "The Concept of the Sinophone ," *PMLA* 126.3, 709–718. . .
* Shih, Shu-mei, Chien-hsin Tsai, and Brian Bernards, eds. (2013), *Sinophone Studies: A Critical Reader*, Columbia University Press.
* Thornber, Karen (June 2012), Review of Jing Tsu's *Sound and Script in Chinese Diaspora*, *Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies*, 72.1, 195–202. . .
* Tsu, Jing (2010), *Sound and Script in Chinese Diaspora*, Harvard University Press.
* Tsu, Jing (2011), "New Area Studies and Languages on the Move", *PMLA* 126.3, 693–700. . .
* Tsu, Jing (2010), "Epilogue: Sinophone Writings and Chinese Diaspora", in Stephen Owen and Kang-i Sun Chang, eds., *Cambridge History of Chinese Literature* 704–712.
* Tsu, Jing (2010), "Sinophonics and the Nationalization of Chinese", in Jing Tsu and David Der-wei Wang, eds., *Global Chinese Literature: Critical Essays*, Brill.
* Tsu, Jing and David Der-wei Wang, eds. (2010), *Global Chinese Literature: Critical Essays*, Brill.

## 外部連結

* Globalizing Modern Chinese Literature: Sinophone and Diasporic Writings  conference, Harvard University, December 6–8, 2007.