罗伯特·麦克诺特

**罗伯特·麦克诺特**（ ，）是一名苏格兰裔澳大利亚天文学家，现在澳大利亚国立大学天体物理学研究学院。

## 生平
他是一名多产的彗星和小行星发现者，被譽為「世界上最偉大的彗星發現者」。他曾參與使用澳洲國立大學南烏普薩拉施密特望遠鏡進行的賽丁泉巡天計畫羅伯特·麥克諾特最著名的发现是2006年8月7日发现的大彗星麦克诺特彗星（C/2006 P1），麥克諾特彗星是幾十年來最亮的彗星，南半球的觀測者可以用肉眼輕鬆觀測到。

賽丁泉巡天是南半球唯一的專業近地天體巡天計畫。由於資金耗盡，該計畫於2013年終止。

麥克諾特先前曾於1990年至1996年參與英澳近地小行星巡天計畫。

## 榮譽
为了表彰他对天文学的贡献，小行星3173以他的名字麥克諾特命名。

## 發現
### 彗星
麦克诺特总共发现82颗彗星。

独立发现的长周期彗星44颗：
* C/1987 U3 
* C/2005 E2
* C/2005 L2
* C/2005 L3
* C/2005 S4
* C/2006 B1
* C/2006 E1
* C/2006 K1
* C/2006 K3
* C/2006 L2
* C/2006 P1
* C/2006 Q1
* C/2007 K6
* C/2007 M1
* C/2007 P1
* C/2007 T1
* C/2007 Y2
* C/2008 A1
* C/2008 J4
* C/2009 F2
* C/2009 F4
* C/2009 F5
* C/2009 K5
* C/2009 R1
* C/2009 T1
* C/2010 J2
* C/2011 C1
* C/2011 G1
* C/2011 L2
* C/2011 L3
* C/2011 N2
* C/2011 Q2
* C/2011 R1
* C/2012 C1
* C/2012 H2
* C/2012 K6
* C/2012 T4
* C/2012 Y3
* C/2013 E1
* C/2013 F3
* C/2013 G2
* C/2013 G7
* C/2013 J3
* C/2013 O3

独立发现的短周期彗星26颗：
* 191P/McNaught
* 220P/McNaught
* 254P/McNaught
* 260P/McNaught
* 278P/McNaught
* P/2004 R1 (McNaught)
* P/2005 J1 (McNaught)
* P/2005 L1 (McNaught)
* P/2005 Y2 (McNaught)
* P/2006 G1 (McNaught)
* P/2006 H1 (McNaught)
* P/2007 H1 (McNaught)
* P/2008 J3 (McNaught)
* P/2008 O2 (McNaught)
* P/2008 Y3 (McNaught)
* P/2009 Q5 (McNaught)
* P/2009 S2 (McNaught)
* P/2009 U4 (McNaught)
* P/2010 J5 (McNaught)
* P/2011 L1 (McNaught)
* P/2011 P1 (McNaught)
* P/2011 Q3 (McNaught)
* P/2012 O1 (McNaught)
* P/2012 O2 (McNaught)
* P/2012 O3 (McNaught)
* P/2013 J2 (McNaught)

作为共同发现者的彗星14颗：
* P/Catalina-McNaught 
* P/McNaught-Hartley
* Comet McNaught-Hartley 
* Comets McNaught-Hughes:
** C/1990 M1
** 麥克諾特-休斯彗星
* Comets McNaught-Russell:
** C/1991 C3 
** C/1991 Q1 
** C/1991 R1 
** C/1993 Y1
** 262P/McNaught-Russell
* Comet McNaught-Tritton 
* Comet McNaught-Watson

### 小行星
} || 21 April 1996
|-
| 8115 Sakabe || 24 April 1996
|-
| (8176) 1991 WA || 29 November 1991
|-
| 8218 Hosty || 8 May 1996
|-
| (8219) 1996 JL || 10 May 1996
|-
| (8283) 1991 SV || 30 September 1991
|-
| (8368) 1991 DM || 20 February 1991
|-
| (8486) 1989 QV || 26 August 1989
|-
| 8515 Corvan || 4 September 1991
|-
| (8653) 1990 KE || 20 May 1990
|-
|  || 20 May 1990
|-
| (8842) 1990 KF || 20 May 1990
|-
|  || 22 September 1995
|-
| (9047) 1991 QF || 30 August 1991
|-
| 9349 Lucas || 30 September 1991
|-
|  || 14 August 1994
|-
|  || 28 April 1990
|-
| 9594 Garstang || 4 September 1991
|-
|  || 1 June 1975
|-
|  || 4 January 1989
|-
|  || 9 October 1990
|-
|  || 7 January 1991
|-
| (9855) 1991 CU || 7 February 1991
|-
| (9857) 1991 EN || 10 March 1991
|-
| (9873) 1992 GH || 9 April 1992
|-
| (9881) 1994 SE || 25 September 1994
|-
| (9899) 1996 EH || 12 March 1996
|-
| 9984 Gregbryant || 18 April 1996
|-
| 9985 Akiko || 12 May 1996
|-
|  || 25 February 1988
|-
|  || 30 September 1991
|-
| 10188 Yasuoyoneda || 14 May 1996
|-
| (10342) 1991 TQ || 1 October 1991
|-
| (10511) 1989 OD || 21 July 1989
|-
| (10525) 1990 TO || 12 October 1990
|-
|  || 22 February 1988
|-
|  || 25 February 1988
|-
|  || 7 January 1991
|-
|  || 12 August 1994
|-
| (11030) 1988 PK || 13 August 1988
|-
|  || 4 January 1989
|-
| (11052) 1990 WM || 20 November 1990
|-
| (11062) 1991 SN || 30 September 1991
|-
| (11093) 1994 HD || 17 April 1994
|-
|  || 31 May 1995
|-
|  || 7 January 1991
|-
| (11890) 1991 FF || 18 March 1991
|-
|  || 2 September 1991
|-
|  || 30 December 1989
|-
|  || 9 October 1990
|-
|  || 12 October 1991
|-
|  || 15 August 1994
|-
| 12446 Juliabryant || 15 August 1996
|-
| (12705) 1990 TJ || 12 October 1990
|-
| (12732) 1991 TN || 1 October 1991
|-
| 12819 Susumutakahasi || 12 May 1996
|-
|  || 25 February 1988
|-
|  || 10 August 1988
|-
|  || 30 December 1989
|-
| (13060) 1991 EJ || 10 March 1991
|-
|  || 15 June 1993
|-
|  || 4 November 1993
|-
| 13176 Kobedaitenken || 21 April 1996
|-
|  || 4 January 1989
|-
|  || 4 January 1989
|-
|  || 4 January 1989
|-
|  || 20 October 1990
|-
| (13522) 1991 FG || 18 March 1991
|-
| (13537) 1991 SG || 29 September 1991
|-
| (13538) 1991 ST || 30 September 1991
|-
| (13539) 1991 TY || 2 October 1991
|-
|  || 26 March 1992
|-
| (13929) 1988 PL || 13 August 1988
|-
|  || 9 October 1990
|-
|  || 7 January 1991
|-
|  || 2 September 1991
|-
| (14374) 1989 SA || 21 September 1989
|-
|  || 5 September 1991
|-
| 14420 Massey || 30 September 1991
|-
|  || 30 September 1991
|-
|  || 21 April 1993
|-
|  || 21 September 1993
|-
|  || 7 January 1991
|-
| (15227) 1986 VA || 4 November 1986
|-
|  || 28 January 1988
|-
|  || 25 February 1988
|-
|  || 7 January 1991
|-
| (15289) 1991 TL || 1 October 1991
|-
|  || 12 October 1991
|-
| (15334) 1993 UE || 20 October 1993
|-
|  || 7 November 1993
|-
| 15368 Katsuji || 14 May 1996
|-
|  || 9 October 1990
|-
|  || 9 October 1990
|-
|  || 28 December 1995
|-
|  || 2 March 1989
|-
|  || 30 December 1989
|-
|  || 27 April 1990
|-
| (16489) 1990 SG || 17 September 1990
|-
|  || 9 October 1990
|-
|  || 20 October 1990
|-
| (16517) 1990 WD || 19 November 1990
|-
| (16657) 1993 UB || 23 October 1993
|-
|  || 22 February 1988
|-
|  || 4 January 1989
|-
|  || 27 April 1990
|-
|  || 5 September 1991
|-
| (17487) 1991 SY || 30 September 1991
|-
| 17503 Celestechild || 26 March 1992
|-
|  || 4 November 1993
|-
| 17640 Mount Stromlo || 15 August 1996
|-
| 18376 Quirk || 30 September 1991
|-
|  || 28 September 1991
|-
| (18393) 1992 QB || 19 August 1992
|-
| 18412 Kruszelnicki || 13 June 1993
|-
| 18413 Adamspencer || 13 June 1993
|-
|  || 9 May 1996
|-
|  || 15 August 1996
|-
|  || 14 October 1996
|-
| (19146) 1989 YY || 30 December 1989
|-
|  || 30 December 1989
|-
|  || 20 May 1990
|-
| (19170) 1991 FH || 18 March 1991
|-
|  || 30 September 1991
|-
| (19261) 1995 MB || 21 June 1995
|-
| (19986) 1990 KD || 20 May 1990
|-
| 20002 Tillysmith || 10 March 1991
|-
| (20015) 1991 SR || 30 September 1991
|-
| 20043 Ellenmacarthur || 2 March 1993
|-
| (20086) 1994 LW || 12 June 1994
|-
|  || 22 September 1995
|-
|  || 3 August 1999
|-
|  || 11 November 1999
|-
|  || 28 January 1988
|-
|  || 8 May 1991
|-
| 21073 Darksky || 4 September 1991
|-
| (21100) 1992 OB || 26 July 1992
|-
|  || 13 June 1993
|-
|  || 13 June 1993
|-
|  || 18 June 1993
|-
|  || 14 August 1994
|-
|  || 11 August 1994
|-
| 21262 Kanba || 24 April 1996
|-
| (22326) 1991 SZ || 30 September 1991
|-
| (22327) 1991 TS || 1 October 1991
|-
| (22367) 1993 MZ || 18 June 1993
|-
|  || 28 July 2000
|-
|  || 28 January 1988
|-
| (23453) 1988 QR || 19 August 1988
|-
|  || 20 October 1990
|-
| (23480) 1991 EL || 10 March 1991
|-
| (23493) 1991 SO || 30 September 1991
|-
|  || 28 March 1996
|-
|  || 28 January 1988
|-
| (24672) 1989 OJ || 27 July 1989
|-
| 24680 Alleven || 30 December 1989
|-
|  || 20 May 1990
|-
|  || 9 October 1990
|-
| (24718) 1991 SW || 30 September 1991
|-
|  || 30 September 1991
|-
| (24721) 1991 TJ || 1 October 1991
|-
| (24722) 1991 TK || 1 October 1991
|-
|  || 6 December 1994
|-
|  || 4 January 1989
|-
| (26118) 1991 TH || 1 October 1991
|-
|  || 3 August 1994
|-
| (26152) 1994 UF || 24 October 1994
|-
|  || 20 December 1995
|-
| (27723) 1990 QA || 19 August 1990
|-
|  || 9 October 1990
|-
| (27743) 1990 VM || 8 November 1990
|-
|  || 2 September 1991
|-
| (27766) 1991 TO || 1 October 1991
|-
| (27767) 1991 TP || 1 October 1991
|-
| (27784) 1992 OE || 27 July 1992
|-
| (27842) 1994 QJ || 28 August 1994
|-
|  || 3 September 1999
|-
| (29143) 1988 DK || 22 February 1988
|-
| (29213) 1991 SJ || 29 September 1991
|-
|  || 4 January 1989
|-
|  || 30 December 1989
|-
| (30824) 1990 TD || 9 October 1990
|-
| (30930) 1993 UF || 20 October 1993
|-
|  || 29 January 1995
|-
|  || 15 March 1996
|-
| (31044) 1996 NY || 11 July 1996
|-
|  || 1 July 2000
|-
| (32802) 1990 SK || 20 September 1990
|-
| (35107) 1991 VH || 9 November 1991
|-
| (35134) 1992 RE || 4 September 1992
|-
|  || 13 June 1993
|-
|  || 20 October 1993
|-
|  || 9 August 1994
|-
| (37638) 1993 VB || 6 November 1993
|-
| (37649) 1994 FC || 19 March 1994
|-
| (37650) 1994 FP || 21 March 1994
|-
|  || 27 April 1990
|-
| (39561) 1992 QA || 19 August 1992
|-
| (39563) 1992 RB || 2 September 1992
|-
|  || 15 June 1993
|-
| (39618) 1994 LT || 12 June 1994
|-
|  || 29 January 1995
|-
|  || 29 August 2000
|-
| (42490) 1991 SU || 30 September 1991
|-
| (42491) 1991 TF || 1 October 1991
|-
|  || 11 September 1999
|-
|  || 6 October 1999
|-
|  || 15 October 1999
|-
|  || 28 January 1988
|-
|  || 7 January 1991
|-
|  || 10 September 1994
|-
| (46544) 1988 QO || 19 August 1988
|-
| 46568 Stevenlee || 30 September 1991
|-
|  || 24 February 1993
|-
|  || 18 April 1993
|-
|  || 18 April 1996
|-
|  || 21 November 1989
|-
|  || 30 December 1989
|-
|  || 3 September 1991
|-
|  || 30 September 1991
|-
|  || 13 June 1993
|-
|  || 20 October 1993
|-
|  || 21 October 1993
|-
|  || 7 February 1995
|-
|  || 7 February 2000
|-
| (52290) 1990 SF || 17 September 1990
|-
|  || 12 February 1991
|-
| (52310) 1991 VJ || 9 November 1991
|-
|  || 2 September 1992
|-
| (52439) 1994 QL || 16 August 1994
|-
| (52440) 1994 QN || 26 August 1994
|-
|  || 24 February 1995
|-
|  || 30 December 1989
|-
| (55770) 1992 OW || 28 July 1992
|-
|  || 6 August 2000
|-
|  || 9 October 1990
|-
|  || 20 October 1990
|-
| (58187) 1991 TD || 1 October 1991
|-
| (58291) 1994 GA || 1 April 1994
|-
|  || 2 June 1994
|-
|  || 11 September 1994
|-
| (58330) 1994 TK || 3 October 1994
|-
|  || 26 January 1996
|-
|  || 3 August 1999
|-
|  || 6 August 2000
|-
|  || 6 August 2000
|-
|  || 29 August 2000
|-
|  || 22 February 1988
|-
| (65690) 1991 DG || 20 February 1991
|-
| (65706) 1992 NA || 1 July 1992
|-
|  || 31 January 1993
|-
|  || 14 June 1993
|-
|  || 20 October 1993
|-
|  || 6 March 2002
|-
| (69307) 1992 ON || 28 July 1992
|-
|  || 13 June 1993
|-
|  || 13 June 1993
|-
|  || 26 August 1995
|-
|  || 15 October 1999
|-
|  || 28 January 1988
|-
| (73698) 1991 TE || 1 October 1991
|-
| (73804) 1995 RG || 3 September 1995
|-
|  || 7 October 1999
|-
| (79139) 1991 SP || 30 September 1991
|-
| (79141) 1991 TB || 1 October 1991
|-
|  || 12 August 1994
|-
| (85159) 1988 DL || 22 February 1988
|-
| (85166) 1989 OC || 21 July 1989
|-
| (85212) 1992 RF || 4 September 1992
|-
| (85236) 1993 KH || 24 May 1993
|-
|  || 3 September 1999
|-
|  || 9 February 2000
|-
|  || 4 August 2000
|-
|  || 6 August 2000
|-
|  || 4 January 1989
|-
|  || 9 October 1990
|-
| (90731) 1992 OC || 26 July 1992
|-
|  || 24 February 1995
|-
|  || 24 February 1995
|-
|  || 22 May 1996
|-
|  || 6 August 2000
|-
|  || 22 September 2000
|-
|  || 11 December 2000
|-
| (95683) 2002 JA || 2 May 2002
|-
|  || 25 February 1988
|-
|  || 4 November 1993
|-
|  || 25 February 2000
|-
| (100044) 1991 TX || 1 October 1991
|-
|  || 13 June 1993
|-
| (100201) 1994 FD || 19 March 1994
|-
| (100202) 1994 GB || 2 April 1994
|-
| (100276) 1994 XV || 6 December 1994
|-
|  || 22 September 1995
|-
|  || 13 September 1999
|-
|  || 25 February 2000
|-
|  || 2 June 2000
|-
|  || 29 July 2000
|-
|  || 6 March 2002
|-
|  || 21 April 2003
|-
| (120640) 1996 PN || 9 August 1996
|-
|  || 1 July 2000
|-
|  || 14 August 2002
|-
|  || 22 April 2003
|-
|  || 29 January 1995
|-
|  || 6 March 2002
|-
|  || 14 August 2002
|-
| (134366) 1995 LC || 1 June 1995
|-
| (134371) 1995 RH || 3 September 1995
|-
|  || 28 December 1995
|-
|  || 14 August 2002
|-
|  || 14 August 2002
|-
| (136121) 2003 OA || 18 July 2003
|-
|  || 11 August 1996
|-
|  || 22 July 2001
|-
|  || 6 March 2002
|-
|  || 22 July 2001
|-
| (152558) 1990 SA || 16 September 1990
|-
| (152561) 1991 RB || 4 September 1991
|-
|  || 6 August 2000
|-
| (154594) 2003 OB || 18 July 2003
|-
|  || 29 August 2000
|-
| (159367) 1977 OX || 22 July 1977
|-
| (160019) 1994 FE || 19 March 1994
|-
|  || 2 July 2003
|-
|  || 4 March 19904
|-
| (162003) 1991 TG || 1 October 1991
|-
|  || 11 September 1994
|-
|  || 5 October 1994
|-
| (162039) 1996 JG || 8 May 1996
|-
|  || 6 March 2002
|-
|  || 14 August 2002
|-
|  || 12 August 1994
|-
|  || 24 March 1996
|-
|  || 2 April 2005
|-
|  || 26 February 1996
|-
|  || 14 August 2002
|-
|  || 6 March 2002
|-
| (192290) 1989 QT || 26 August 1989
|-
| (196415) 2003 HE || 24 April 2003
|-
| (196516) 2003 OJ || 18 July 2003
|-
|  || 2 June 2003
|-
|  || 17 July 2001
|-
|  || 24 February 1995
|-
| (215100) 1992 RD || 2 September 1992
|-
| (215101) 1995 LB || 1 June 1995
|-
| (215591) 2003 OH || 18 July 2003
|-
|  || 6 March 2002
|-
|  || 30 August 1998
|-
| (229915) 1990 SH || 17 September 1990
|-
|  || 13 September 1999
|-
|  || 9 February 2000
|-
| (238116) 2003 OE || 18 July 2003
|-
|  || 22 November 2004
|-
|  || 6 March 2002
|-
|  || 24 February 1995
|-
|  || 8 June 2003
|-
| (272282) 2005 SX || 22 September 2005
|-
|  || 22 April 2003
|-
|  || 29 October 1994
|-
|  || 25 February 1995
|-
|  ||7 February 1995
|-
|  || 4 August 2000 
|-
|  || 13 April 2004
|-
|  || 31 March 2004
|-
|  || 6 August 2000
|-
|  || 6 March 2002
|-
|  || 6 March 2002
|-
|  || 6 March 2002
|-
|  || 16 October 1999
|-
|  || 18 September 2003
|-
|  || 29 August 2000
|-
|  || 6 March 2002
|-
|  || 4 February 2000
|-
| (360192) 1991 FB || 18 March 1991
|-
| colspan="2" style="font-size: smaller;" |
#  與安部裕史共同發現
#  與井狩康一共同發現
#  與小島卓雄共同發現
#  與Jack B. Child共同發現
|}

## 参考资料