单倍群O-M122

**单倍群O-M122**（）是人类Y染色体DNA单倍群之一，现称O2（旧称O3）， 是单倍群O-M175的下游单倍群之一。

## 起源与分布
单倍群O-M122于2万5千年至3万年前首次出现于东南亚。该单倍群目前主要分佈於东亚、玻里尼西亞、东南亞、中亚、南亚等。O-M122的主要下游单倍群包括（以下均采用ISOGG 2017版命名）:O2a2a-M188、O2a1b-IMS-JST002611、O2a2b1a1-M117、O2a2b1a2-F114、O2a2b2-AM01822、O2b-F742等。O2a2a-M188主要分布在中國偏南部、東南亞等，其下游的O2a2a1a1b2b2-MF114497主要分佈在在朝鲜半岛、日本列島等地，O2a1b-IMS-JST002611、O2a2b1a1-M117、O2a2b1a2-F114是汉族的三大单倍群，佔比超過40%，也常见于如朝鮮族、滿族、赫哲族、锡伯族、東蒙古、土族等东亚民族，O2a1b-IMS-JST002611起源於江淮、江南地區，在中國的分佈比例向西部和南部遞減，O2a2b1a-M134起源於黃淮地區，O2a2b1a1-M117在中國南方比北方有更高比例的分佈，比例從南向北遞減，还在藏缅语族人群中高頻分佈，O2a2b1a2-F114主要分佈在中國偏北部等，其下游的O2a2b1a2a1a3b2a1b-Y22279在哈萨克族乃蛮部中高频分布，O2a2b2-AM01822主要分佈在中國偏北部等，在菲律賓、太平洋島嶼等也有分佈，O2b-F742主要分佈於中國偏東部等。

## 在人群中的比重

}||P201=146M324(xP201)=76M122(xM324)=2
|-
|藏族(雲南香格里拉縣)||0.440||50||||M122
|-
|苗族||0.44||||||&nbsp;
|-
|彝族||0.44||||||&nbsp;
|-
|拉祜族||0.43||||||&nbsp;
|-
|Bit (Laos)||0.429||28||||M122
|-
|滿族 (東北)||0.426||101||||M122=43
|-
|韓民族 (首爾)||0.422||573||||M122
|-
|韓民族 (大德區)||0.414||133||||M122
|-
|Hmong Daw (寮國)||0.412||51||||M122
|-
|越南人||0.41||||||&nbsp;
|-
|傣族||0.4||||||&nbsp;
|-
|東干族 (吉爾吉斯)||0.40||40||||M122
|-
|藏族||0.400||35||||M117=13M134(xM117)=1
|-
|中國朝鮮族||0.400||25||||M122(xM159, M7, M134)=6M117=4
|-
|撣族(泰國北部)||0.400||20||||M117=7M7=1
|-
|中部泰族||0.395||129||||F8/F42*=17M7=11JST002611=10F474/F317=4F323/F46=4M159=2F2055/CTS445=1F2137=1F837=1
|-
|韓民族 (南韓)||0.395||43||||M122(xM159, M7, M134)=7M134(xM117)=5M117=5
|-
|越南人||0.39||||||&nbsp;
|-
|北部泰族||0.390||205||||O-M117=46O-M7=17O-M324(xM7, M134)=16O-M122(xM324)=1
|-
|孟族(泰國北部)||0.389||18||||M117=4M324(xM7, M134)=3
|-
|布朗族 (雲南)||0.385||52||||M122
|-
|北部泰族(Khon Mueang & Tai Yuan)||0.384||86||||F8/F42=24M7=7JST002611=1F999/F717=1
|-
|滿族||0.38||||||&nbsp;
|-
|菲律賓人(他加祿)||0.380||50||||M122
|-
|越南哈尼族||0.375||24||||M7=3M134(xM133)=3M133=1JST002611=1M159=1
|-
|Manchu||0.371||35||||M122(xM159, M7, M134)=6M117=5M134(xM117)=2
|-
|漢族 (蘭州)||0.367||30||||M122(xM159, M7, M134)=6M117=3M134(xM117)=2
|-
|拉祜族||0.36||||||&nbsp;
|-
|羌族||0.364||33||||M134(xM117)=4M117=3M122(xM159, M7, M134)=3M7=2
|-
|緬族 (緬甸)||0.361||72||||Page23=26
|-
|印尼婆羅洲||0.360||86||||M122
|-
|韓民族||0.356||45||||M122
|-
|巴哼語 (廣西瑤族)||0.355||31||||M122
|-
|菲律賓人||0.354||48||||M122
|-
|西部裕固語(甘肅突厥)||0.35||||||&nbsp;
|-
|泰族(清邁 & 坤敬府)||0.353||34||||M122
|-
|傣允族(泰國北部)||0.346||26||||M324(xM7, M134)=4M117=3M7=2
|-
|Tharu||0.345||171||||M134
|-
|越南京族 (河內)||0.342||76||||M122
|-
|韓民族 (首爾)||0.341||85||||M122=29
|-
|藏族||0.340||156||||M122
|-
|瑤族 (巴馬瑤族自治縣)||0.343||35||||M7=12
|-
|哈薩克族 (SE Altai)||0.337||89||||M134(xM117, P101)
|-
|泰沅(泰國)||0.329||85||||M117=15M7=5M122(xM324)=5M134(xM117)=3
|-
|傣族(雲南西雙版納傣族自治州)||0.327||52||||O-M133=13O-M7=2O-F444=1O-JST002611=1
|-
|波利尼西亞人||0.325||||||&nbsp;
|-
|藏族||0.32||||||&nbsp;
|-
|Khasi||0.32||||||&nbsp;
|-
|寮族(寮國龍坡邦)||0.32||25||||M122
|-
|Eastern Yugur||0.31||||||&nbsp;
|-
|馬來族||0.31||||||&nbsp;
|-
|布依族||0.314||35||||M7=6M134(xM117)=3M117=1M122(xM159, M7, M134)=1
|-
|喀爾喀蒙古族||0.311||||||&nbsp;
|-
|菲律賓人||0.308||146||||P164(xM134)=26JST002611=7M7=3M133=3M134(xM133)=2P201(xM159, M7, P164)=2M159=1M324(xKL1, P201)=1
|-
|漢族 (平話)||0.3||||||&nbsp;
|-
|撒拉族||0.302||43||||M122
|-
|侗族||0.300||20||||M134=3M122(xM7, M134)=3
|-
|泰國||0.293||75||||M133(xM162)=10M7=5M134(xM133)=3JST002611=2P164(xM134)=1M122(xM324)=1
|-
|中國朝鮮族||0.291||79||||M122=23
|-
|卡西族||0.29||||||&nbsp;
|-
|壯族||0.29||||||&nbsp;
|-
|內蒙古||0.289||45||||M122(xM159, M7, M134)=5M117=5M134(xM117)=3
|-
|傣仂族(泰國北部)||0.286||91||||O-M117=16O-M7=6O-M324(xM7, M134)=3O-M122(xM324)=1
|-
|壯族||0.286||28||||M134=7M122(xM7, M134)=1
|-
|寮族(Vientiane & Luang Prabang)||0.275||40||||F8/F42=6M7=2M188(xM7)=2P164(xF8,F46,F4110,F706,F717)=1
|-
|保安族||0.273||44||||M122
|-
|錫伯族||0.268||41||||M134(xM117)=5M122(xM159, M7, M134)=4M117=2
|-
|密克羅尼西亞(大洋洲)||0.27||||||&nbsp;
|-
|孟族 (泰國)||0.267||105||||F8/F42=15M7=4F323/F46=4JST002611=3F2859=1M122(x002611,M188,P164,F837)=1
|-
|达斡尔族||0.256||39||||M122(xM159, M7, M134)=7M117=3
|-
|玻里尼西亞||0.25||||||&nbsp;
|-
|Bunu (Guangxi)||0.25||36||||M122
|-
|馬來族(鄰近吉隆坡)||0.25||12||||M122
|-
|壯族 (廣西)||0.247||166||||M122(xM121, M134)=23M117=9M134(xM117)=7M121=2
|-
|日本族 (Kyūshū)||0.240||104||||M122
|-
|東鄉族||0.24||||||&nbsp;
|-
|Manchurian Evenks||0.24||||||&nbsp;
|-
|Thai (Northern Thailand)||0.235||17||||M122
|-
|Japanese (Kagawa)||0.234||47||||M117=8M134(xM117)=2M122(xM159, M7, M134)=1
|-
|Mosuo (Ninglang, Yunnan)||0.234||47||||M122
|-
|Evenks (China)||0.231||26||||M117=4M134(xM117)=1M122(xM159, M7, M134)=1
|-
|Mongolia(mainly Khalkhs)||0.228||149||||M134=24M122(xM134)=10
|-
|Zhuang(Napo County, Guangxi)||0.222||63||||M117=5M122(xM188, M134)=4M188=3M134(xM117)=2
|-
|Lawa(Northern Thailand)||0.220||50||||M324(xM7, M134)=6M117=5
|-
|Mal (Laos)||0.220||50||||M122
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|Cambodian (Siem Reap)||0.216||125||||M122
|-
|Japanese (Tokushima)||0.214||70||||M134=11M122(xM134, LINE)=2LINE=2
|-
|Newar||0.212||66||||M117
|-
|Lao Isan||0.210||62||||M7=6F8=4JST002611=3
|-
|Blang||0.21||||||&nbsp;
|-
|Okinawans||0.21||||||&nbsp;
|-
|Tai Khün(Northern Thailand)||0.208||24||||M117=4M134(xM117)=1
|-
|Kathmandu, Nepal||0.208||77||||M324
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|Sui||0.200||50||||M134=10
|-
|Yi (Shuangbai, Yunnan)||0.20||50||||M122(xM7)
|-
|Japanese (Shizuoka)||0.197||61||||M122(xM134, LINE)=7M134=5
|-
|Khmu (Laos)||0.196||51||||M122
|-
|Dongxiang||0.196||46||||M122
|-
|Oroqen||0.194||31||||M122(xM159, M7, M134)=2M7=2M134(xM117)=1M117=1
|-
|Khalkh (Mongolia)||0.188||85||||M122=16
|-
|Japanese (Miyazaki)||0.183||1285||||M134=118M122(xM134)=117
|-
|Japanese (Tokyo)||0.179||56||||M117=5M134(xM117)=3JST002611=2
|-
|Hani||0.176||34||||M134(xM117)=3M117=2M122(xM159, M7, M134)=1
|-
|Micronesia||0.176||17||||M122(xM134, LINE)=3
|-
|Hui||0.171||35||||M122(xM159, M7, M134)=4M134(xM117)=1M117=1
|-
|Kalmyk (Khoshuud)||0.171||82||||M122=14
|-
|Japanese||0.167||263||||M122
|-
|Mandar (Sulawesi)||0.167||54||||M122
|-
|Mulam (Luocheng)||0.167||42||||JST002611=3M134(xM117)=3M117=1
|-
|Japanese (Kantō)||0.162||117||||M122=19
|-
|Thai||0.16||||||&nbsp;
|-
|Zhuang||0.16||||||&nbsp;
|-
|Aheu (Laos)||0.158||38||||M122
|-
|Bugan (Yunnan)||0.156||32||||M122
|-
|Okinawans||0.156||45||||M122(xM134, LINE)=3LINE=3M134=1
|-
|Uygur (Yili)||0.154||39||||M122(xM159, M7, M134)=2M134(xM117)=2M117=2
|-
|Japanese (Aomori)||0.154||26||||M134=3M122(xM134, LINE)=1
|-
|Cambodia||0.14||||||&nbsp;
|-
|Cham(Binh Thuan, Vietnam)||0.136||59||||M122
|-
|Java(mainly sampled in Dieng)||0.131||61||||M122
|-
|Aboriginal Taiwanese||0.126||223||||M122
|-
|Uighur (Kazakhstan)||0.122||41||||M122
|-
|Uzbek (Bukhara)||0.121||58||||M122
|-
|Ulchi||0.115||52||||O-M122(xP201)=6
|-
|Karakalpak (Uzbekistan)||0.114||44||||M122
|-
|Utsat (Sanya, Hainan)||0.111||72||||M117=3M122(xM159, M117)=3M159=2
|-
|Outer Mongolian||0.108||65||||M122(xM159, M7, M134)=3M117=3M134(xM117)=1
|-
|Bo (Laos)||0.107||28||||M122
|-
|Tibetans||0.1||||||&nbsp;
|-
|Maluku Islands||0.1||30||||M122
|-
|Kazakh (Kazakhstan)||0.093||54||||M122
|-
|Bouyei||0.089||45||||M122(xM7, M134)=2M7=1M134=1
|-
|Pumi (Ninglang, Yunnan)||0.085||47||||M122(xM7)
|-
|Zakhchin (Mongolia)||0.083||60||||M122=5
|-
|Mongols||0.083||24||||M122
|-
|Balinese (Bali)||0.073||641||||M122
|-
|Japanese||0.068||59||||P198
|-
|Uriankhai (Mongolia)||0.067||60||||M122=4
|-
|Sinte (Uzbekistan)||0.067||15||||M122
|-
|Uygur (Urumqi)||0.065||31||||M134(xM117)=1M117=1
|-
|Iranian (Esfahan)||0.063||16||||M122
|-
|Kalmyk (Dörwöd)||0.061||165||||M122=10
|-
|Flores||0.046||394||||M122
|-
|Buryat||0.040||298||||M324(xM134)=5M134(xM117)=4M117=3
|-
|Buyei||0.04||||||&nbsp;
|-
|Kalmyk (Torguud)||0.033||150||||M122=5
|-
|Kazakhs (SW Altai)||0.033||30||||M134(xM117, P101)
|-
|Munda(Jharkhand)||0.032||94||||M134=3
|-
|Burusho||0.031||97||||M122
|-
|Li||0.029||34||||M134(xM117)=1
|-
|Sumba||0.029||350||||M122
|-
|Khoton (Mongolia)||0.025||40||||M122=1
|-
|Naxi (Lijiang, Yunnan)||0.025||40||||M134
|-
|Rajbanshi(West Bengal)||0.022||45||||M134=1
|-
|Pathan||0.010||96||||M122
|-
|Pakistan||0.005||638||||M122
|-
|}

## 注释

## 参考文献
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