ⵚⵚⴰⴼⵉ ⵎⵓⵎⵏ ⵄⵍⵉ

thumb|ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵚⵚⴰⴼⵉ ⵎⵓⵎⵏ ⵄⵍⵉ

**ⵚⵚⴰⴼⵉ    ⵎⵓⵎⵏ    ⵄⵍⵉ**:  ⴰⵎⵖⵏⴰⵙ    ⴷ    ⵓⵎⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵉⵎ   ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ    ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ   ⵚⵚⴰⴼⵉ   ⵎⵓⵎⵏ   ⵄⵍⵉ    ⴳ    ⵡⵓⵙⵓⵏ    ⵏ    ⵡⴰⵎⵎⵍⵏ   ⵏⵏⴰ   ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ    ⵉ    ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ   ⵏ   ⴰⵢⵜ    ⵎⵣⴰⵍ    ⴳ    ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ,    ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ    ⵏ   1949,  ⵍⵍⵉⵖ    ⵢⵉⵡⴹ    ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ    ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ   ⴳ    ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ    ⵏⵏⵙ,   ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵜⵜⵉ   ⵙ    ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ    ⵏ   ⵜⵎⵙⵏⴰ,  ⵏⵏⴰ   ⵖ   ⵉⴹⴼⵕ   ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ   ⵏⵏⵙ   ⵙⴳ   ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴷ   ⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔ   ⴰⵔ   ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ   ⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏ   ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢ,,  ⵏⵜⵜⴰ   ⴰ    ⵖ    ⵢⵓⵎⵥ    ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ    ⵏ   ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ   ⴳ    ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ    ⵙⴳ   ⵜⵖⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ   ⵏ    ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ   ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ    ⵜ    ⵢⵓⵊⵊⴰⵏ   ⴰⴷ   ⵢⴰⴷⴼ   ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ   ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ      ⵏ    ⵜⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ    ⴳ    ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ    ⵏ    ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵉⵏ     ⵉ    ⵢⴰⵜ    ⵜⵉⵣⵉ    ⵢⴰⵥⵏ   ⵎⵔⴰⵡ    ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ,  ⵍⵍⵉⵖ   ⵔⴰⴷ   ⵉⵖⵜⵙ    ⴹⴰⵕⵜ   ⵏⵏⵙ  ⴰⴷ    ⵉⴼⴽ    ⵜⴰⵥⵕⵥⵓⵎⵜ    ⵙⴳ    ⵓⵙⴰⴽⴰ    ⵏ   ⵜⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ,  ⴰⴼⴰⴷ    ⴰⴷ    ⵢⴰⴷⴼ     ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ    ⵏ     ⵜⵎⵙⵜⴰⵏⵜ.

ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ   ⵉⵍⵍⴰ   ⴷ    ⵉⵣⴷⵖ   ⴳ    ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ    ⵏ    ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ,  ⵓⵔ   ⵉⵜⵜⵓ    ⵜⴰⴳⵯⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ   ⵏⵏⵙ   ⵙ    ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ    ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ,  ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ   ⵉⵎⴰⵜⵔ    ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ    ⵏ     ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ    ⵏⵏⵙ   ⴷ    ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ    ⵏⵏⵙ    ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ    ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ    ⴰⴽⴽⵯ    ⴰⵏⵎⵉⵍⴰ    ⵏⵏⵙ   ⴷⴰ     ⴳⵉⵙ    ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵇⵇⵓⵍ    ⵉⵙ    ⵉⴳⴰ    ⴰⵕⴱⴰⵟⵉ   ⵓⵔ   ⴷ    ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ    ⵉⵟⵟⴰⴼⵏ   ⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ   ⵜⵉⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ   ⴷ    ⵜⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ      ⵓⵔ    ⵎⵎⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵏ.    ⵔⴰⴷ   ⴷⴰⵔⵙ     ⵉⵔⵏⵓ    ⵓⵏⵣⴳⵓⵎ    ⴰⴷ    ⵏ     ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ    ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ    ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ    ⵍⵍⵉⵖ    ⴰⵔ    ⵢⴰⵇⵇⵔⴰ    ⴳ    ⵍⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵕⵢⴰ,  ⵍⵍⵉⵖ   ⵉⵙⵡⵉⵔⵔⵉ    ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ    ⵏ    ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰ     ⵏ     ⵜⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ   ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ    ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ    ⴷ   ⵢⴰⵜ    ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ    ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵣⵓⵜ   (ⵓⵔ   ⵜⵍⴽⵎ  ⵢⴰⵜ,  ⵓⵔ  ⵜⴳⵉ   ⵢⴰⵜ)  ⴷ  ⵓⵔ    ⴷⴰⵔⵙ   ⴽⵔⴰ   ⵉⵎⴰⵍ,  ⴰⴼⴰⴷ   ⴰⴷ    ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵥⵓ   ⴰⵎⵏⴰⴷ   ⵏⵏⵙ,  ⵉⵙⵇⵙⴰ    ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ    ⵏ    ⵜⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ   ⴰⵏⵍⵎⴰⴷ    ⵏⵏⵙ   ⵚⵚⴰⴼⵉ   ⵎⵓⵎⵏ    ⵄⵍⵉ    ⵅⴼ     ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵓⵜ  (ⴰⵏⴳⵉⴱⴰⵍ)   ⵏ    ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ     حدس    ⵙ     ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ    ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ,  ⵉⵔⴰⵔ    ⴰⵙ    ⵓⵏⵍⵎⴰⴷ   ⵎⴰⵙ   ⵓⵔ    ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵏ.  ⵎⴰⵛⴰ   ⵜⵉⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ    ⵓⵔ    ⴱⴷⴷⵏⵜ    ⴳⵔ    ⵉⵖⵔⴱⴰⵏ    ⵏ   ⵜⴷⴰⵍⴰ    ⵜⴰⵏⵎⵍⴰⵏⵜ,    ⵔⴰⴷ   ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴰⵖ   ⵓⵏⵍⵎⴰⴷ   ⵚⵚⴰⴼⵉ    ⵎⵓⵎⵏ    ⵄⵍⵉ    ⴰⵙⵇⵙⵉ   ⵏ    ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ   ⵏⵏⵙ   ⵉ    ⵜⵡⵊⴰ   ⵏⵏⵙ   ⴷ   ⵡⵉⴷⴰ   ⵉⵙⵉⵙⵏ   ⴷ    ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵏⴰⵡⵏ   ⵏ    ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ    ⵏ    ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ   ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ.   ⵔⴰⵔⵏ   ⴰⵙ    ⵎⴰⵙ   ⴷ    ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵓⵜ   ⵏ    ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ   (حدس)    ⵙ    ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ    ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ    ⵉⵍⵍⴰ    ⴷ    ⴰⵔ   ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰⵢ   ⵉⴳⴰ   ⵜ   "ⴰⴳⵎⵎⴰⵏ".

ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰⵔⵓⵜ    ⴰⴷ,   ⵜⵓⵊⵊⴰ   ⴰⵏⵍⵎⴰⴷ    ⴰⴷ    ⵓⵔ   ⵢⴰⴷⵉ   ⵙ    ⵓⵎⵏⴰⴷ    ⵏ    ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ    ⵏⵏⵙ    ⴷ    ⵓⵏⵥⵥⵓ   ⵉⵙⵎⴷⵏ     ⵎⴰⵙ   ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ   ⵓⵔ   ⵜⴳⵉ  ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ    ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵣⵓⵜ   ⵎⴰⵛⴰ    ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ    ⴷ    ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ    ⵏ     ⵓⵙⵅⵉⵏⴳⵎ    ⴷ    ⵜⵖⵔⵎⴰ,  ⵣⵖ   ⵜⵉⵣⵉ   ⴰⵏⵏ   ⵔⴰⴷ   ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ     ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ    ⵚⵚⴰⴼⵉ    ⵎⵓⵎⵏ    ⵄⵍⵉ    ⵅⴼ    ⵉⵙⵇⵙⵉⵜⵏ    ⴰⴽⴽⵯ   ⵏⵏⴰ   ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ    ⴷ    ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ     ⵙ  ⵎⴰⵙ    ⵜⴳⴰ     ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ    ⴷ     ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ   ⴷ    ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ   ⴷ     ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ    ⴷ     ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵜ,  ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ   ⵔⴰⴷ   ⵜ    ⵢⴰⵊⵊ    ⴰⴷ    ⵉⴳ     ⴰⵎⵍⵜⴰⵖ    ⵙⴳ    ⵜⵉⵣⵉ    ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵣⵓⵜ    ⴳ    ⵜⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ   ⴰⴽⴽⵯ    ⵏ    ⵜⵖⵏⵙⴰ   ⵖⵓⵔ   ⴰⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙ    ⴰⴷ   ⵢⴰⵖⵓⵍ    ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉⴳ    ⵉ   ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ     ⴷ   ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ     ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ     ⴳ     ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ,  ⵖ    ⵉⴳⴰ     ⵓⵍⵜⴰⵖ    ⵏⵏ    ⴳ     ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ   ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵜ    ⵏ     ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ    ⴷ    ⵓⴷⵏⴼⵍ    ⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ    ⴳ     ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ,   ⴷ   ⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ    ⵏ     ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ    ⵏ     ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍ    ⴳ    ⵓⴳⵯⵏⵙ    ⵏⵏⵙ     ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ   ⵢⵉⵡⵙⵏ     ⴳ    ⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰ    ⵏ     ⵢⴰⵏ   ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴽ     ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔ   ⵙ     ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵜ   ⵏ     ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ     ⵉⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⴰⵏⵏ    ⴷ    ⵉⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵏ    ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ    ⴳ     ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ.

ⵜⴰⵎⵙⴰⵔⵜ   ⴰⴷ    ⵜⴰⵏⵎⵍⴰⵏⵜ    ⵍⵍⵉ    ⵎⵉ    ⵉⴳⴰ   ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ     ⵏ     ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰ   ⵏ    ⵜⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ    ⴰⵏⴱⵔⴰⵣ    ⵜⴳⴰ   ⵉ    ⵓⵏⵍⵎⴰⴷ    ⴰⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ    ⵏ     ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ   ⴳ    ⵓⵙⵇⵙⵉ    ⵏ    ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ    ⴳ     ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ,   ⵓⵔ   ⵜ    ⵓⴳⵓⵎ   ⴰⴷ    ⵉⵔⵎⵙ    ⴰⴷ    ⴰⵙⵇⵙⵉ    ⴰⴷ,  ⵎⴰⵛⴰ    ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⴰ    ⵙ     ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ    ⵎⵉ    ⵢⵓⴼⴰ    ⴳ   ⵜⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ   ⴷ    ⵜⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵉⵏ    ⴷ    ⵜⵣⵎⵎⴰⵔ   ⵙ    ⵡⴰⴷⴰⴼ    ⵙ    ⵜⴷⵉⵏⴰⵎⵉⵜ   ⵜⵓⵖⵔⵉⵎⵜ    ⵏⵏⴰ   ⵙ    ⵜⵖⵔⴰ   ⵣⵖ   ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ    ⵏ    ⵚⴹⵉⵚⵜ     ⵜⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ    ⴰⴷ   ⵢⴰⵖⵓⵍ    ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉⴳ    ⵉ    ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ    ⴷ   ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ    ⴳ    ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ,  ⵓⵢⴰ   ⴰⴷ    ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵙⴼⵉⵡ    ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ    ⵖ    ⴰⴽⴽⵯ    ⵉⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ   ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ   ⵚⵚⴰⴼⵉ    ⵎⵓⵎⵏ   ⵄⵍⵉ    ⴷ    ⵉⴼⵍ   ⴳⵉⵙ   ⴰⴷⵔⵉⵣ    ⵏⵏⵙ    ⵉⴼⴰⵡⵏ.

ⴳ   ⵢⵉⴳⵔ   ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ   ⴷ    ⵓⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎ,   ⵉⴳⴰ    ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ   ⵚⵚⴰⴼⵉ    ⵎⵓⵎⵏ    ⵄⵍⵉ     ⵙⴳ    ⵉⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷⵏ    ⵏ     ⵉⴳⴳⵉ     ⵏ     ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ    ⵙ    ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ    ⴳ     ⵜⴼⵔⴽⵜ     ⵜⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ    ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ   ⴰⴽⴽⵯ    ⴳ    ⵓⴱⴰⵔⴰⵣ    ⵏ    ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ   ⵜⴰⵔⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ    ⴷ    ⵜⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙⵜ,  ⵜⵉⵣⵉ   ⵍⵍⵉⵖ   ⴳⴳⵓⴷⵉⵏⵜ    ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ   ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ   ⴳ    ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ    ⵏ    ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ   ⴰⴷ,  ⴳ   ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ   ⴰⴷ,   ⵉⴳⴰ    ⵓⴹⵕⵉⵚ     ⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ   "ⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ     ⵚⵎⵎⵉⴹⵏⵉⵏ" ⴷ    ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ   ⴳ   ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ   ⵏ     1983   ⴰⴹⵕⵉⵚ    ⴰⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ    ⴷ    ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ    ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ   ⵉⴼⴼⵖ   ⴷ    ⴳ     ⵢⵉⴳⵔ     ⵏ    ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ    ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⴰⵢⵜ   ⵙ     ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ   ⴳ    ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ,  ⵉⴹⴼⵕ   ⵜ    ⵉⴷ   ⵓⵙⵓⵖⵍ   ⵏⵏⵙ   ⵙ    ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ,  ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ   ⵏ   1984,  ⵜⴳ   ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ   ⵍⵍⵉ   ⵎⵉ   ⵉⵙⴽⵔ   ⵉⴳⵍⵍⵉⵏ   ⵄⴱⴹⵍⵍⴰⵀ   ⴰⵡⵣⴰⴷ   ⴰⵙⵓⴼⵖ.
 
ⵜⴳⴰ   ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ   ⵏⵏⵙ   ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ   ⵉⵍⴰⵏ   ⴰⵣⵡⵍ:  "ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ   ⵏ    ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜ"    ⴷ   ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ   ⴳ    ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ   1993   ⴰⵣⵡⵍ   ⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰⵔ   ⴳ   ⵓⵙⴰⵢⵙ   ⴰⴷ. ⴷ  ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ  ⴷ   ⴰⴷ   ⵏⵙⵙⵏ   ⵎⴰⵙ   ⴷⴰⵔⵙ   ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ    ⵉⵔⵉⵡⴰⵏⵏ  ⵓⵔ   ⵜⴰ   ⵥⵕⵉⵏ    ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ    ⴳ  ⵉⵍⵍⴰ:  "ⵔⵉⵖ   ⴰⴷ  ⵥⵕⵖ    ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ"  -ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ-  "ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ   ⵏ     ⵓⴷⵔⴰⵔ"  ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵜ   ⵏⵏⴰ   ⵜⵙⵎⴷⵢⴰ    ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ   ⵏ   ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ   ⵏ    ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ   ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵓⵖ.  

ⵔⴰⴷ   ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ   ⵢⵉⴳⵔ   ⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎ   ⴷ     ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵏⵥⴰⵢ   ⴷ  ⵉⴳⵔ    ⵖ   ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ    ⵉⴼⴽⴰ   ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ   ⵚⵚⴰⴼⵉ    ⵎⵓⵎⵏ    ⵄⵍⵉ    ⵜⵉⴷⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ     ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ,  ⵓⵢⴰ   ⵢⴰⵖⵓⵍ   ⵙ   ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ    ⵏⵏⵙ   ⵓⵍⴳⵉⵏ, ⴷ    ⵙ    ⵉⵏⵣⴳⵓⵎⵏ    ⵏⵏⵙ    ⵉⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵏ    ⴷ     ⵉⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵏ   ⵙ   ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ   ⵏⵏⵙ    ⴷ    ⵉⵙⴼⵙⵉⵜⵏ     ⵏⵏⵙ    ⵉ     ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ    ⵏ    ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ   ⴳ   ⵢⵉⴳⵔ    ⵏ   ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ    ⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼ,  ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵖ  ⴰⴷ   ⵉⵙⴰⵔⵡⴰ    ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ   ⴰⴽⴽⵯ   ⵏⵏⴰ    ⵉⵙⵢⴰⴼⴰ    ⵓⵙⵡⵓⵏⴳⵎ    ⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼ    ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ    ⵉ    ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵖ    ⵅⴼ    ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵜ    ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ,  ⴳ   ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ   ⵏⵏⵙ    ⴳ   ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ   ⴰⴷ:  ⴰⴼⵔⴰⴽ    ⵙ   ⵜⵏⴽⴽⵉⵜ   ⵏⵏⵖ   ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ (1996),  ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ   ⴷⴰ  ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ   ⴷ   ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ   ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ  (1998) ⵉⵏⴰⵡⵏ   ⵉ     ⵓⵎⴰⴷⴰⵏ   ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ  (2002),   ⵡⵉⴷ   ⴳⴰⵏ   ⴳⴰⵏ   ⴰⴽⴽⵯ   ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ   ⵉⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵏ    ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵍⵏ   ⵅⴼ   ⵜⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵜ   ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ   ⵉⴼⴰⵡⵏ.  ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ   ⵉⴽⵛⵛⵎ     ⴳ   ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ   ⴰⴷ   ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ   ⵏⵏⵙ    ⴰⴽⵔⴱⴱⵓ   "ⴰⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙ    ⵏ   ⵡⵓⵔⵖ"  ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵕⴰⴳⵏ   ⵙ   ⵙⵏⴰⵜ  ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ   ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ    ⴷ    ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ    ⵏⵏⴰ    ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ    ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ   ⵏ    ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ   ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ.  ⴱⵍⴰ   ⵏⵜⵜⵓ   ⴰⴳⵓⴷⵉ    ⵏ    ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ   ⴷ    ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ   ⵏⵏⴰ   ⵢⵓⵎⵥⵏ   ⴰⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙ   ⵏ    ⵉⵏⵄⴰⵕⵏ    ⵓⵙⵉⴳⵏ   ⵙ    ⵓⴷⵔⵉⵙ    ⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ   ⵉⴼⴰⵡⵏ,  ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ   ⴳⵉⵙⵏ   ⵅⴼ  ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ    ⵏ   ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ   ⴷ    ⵉⵙⵇⵙⵉⵜⵏ    ⵏⵏⴰ   ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ   ⴷ    ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ   ⵙ   ⵜⴳⴰ   ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ   ⴷ    ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ   ⴷ    ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ   ⴷ    ⵓⵣⵔⴼ   ⵏ   ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ   ⴰⵚⴰⴹⴼⴰ, ⴳⵉⵏ   ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ   ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⴼⵙⴰⵔⵏ   ⴳ    ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ   ⵏ    ⵡⴰⵏⵙⴰⵜⵏ    ⵉⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙⵏ   ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ.

ⴳ    ⵢⵉⴳⵔ    ⵏ   ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ,  ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ   ⵓⵔ   ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵏ   ⵎⴰⵙ   ⴷ   ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ   ⵚⵚⴰⴼⵉ   ⵎⵓⵎⵏ   ⵄⵍⵉ,   ⵉⴳⴰ   ⴰⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ     ⴰⵎⵙⵉⵍⵖ,  ⴷ   ⵓⵎⵣⵓⵣⵉ   ⴷ    ⵓⵎⵥⵡⴰⵏ    ⵉⵃⵕⵛⵏ، ⵖⵓⵔⵙ   ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ   ⴼⴰⵡⵏⵉⵏ   ⴳ   ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵔ   ⴷ    ⵓⵙⵓⴼⵖ   ⵏ   "ⵜⴰⵏⵟⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉⵜ   ⵏ   ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ    ⵏ    ⵕⵕⵡⴰⵢⵙ   ⴳ   ⵙⵓⵙ"  ⵙ   ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ   ⴳⵔ   ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ   ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵜ   ⵉ     ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ    ⴷ    ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍ   ⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ   ⴷ   ⴳⵔ    ⵜⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ    ⵏ    ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ,  ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ    ⵉⵙⴽⵔ  ⴰⵙⵍⴰⵍⴰⵢ    ⵏ   ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ    ⵏ    ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ   ⵏ   ⵄⵍⵉ   ⵚⵉⴹⵇⵉ    ⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓ   ⴷ    ⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ   ⴰⵅⵢⵢⴰⵟ.  ⴱⵍⴰ   ⵏⵜⵜⵓ    ⵜⴰⵎⵍⴰⵍⵜ   ⵏⵏⵙ   ⵉⵙⵎⵔⵖⴰⵏ   ⴳ    ⵓⵙⴱⴷⴷⵉ   ⵏ     ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ   ⵏ    ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵏ    ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵡⴰⵏⵜ   ⴷ   ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ   ⴳ     ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ   ⵏⵏⵙ   ⵃⵎⴰ   ⴰⴷ  ⵜⵜ    ⵜⴰⵡⵉ    ⴳ   ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ   ⴷ    ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵢ    ⵙ    ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ   ⴷ     ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ    ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ   ⴷ    ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ   ⵏⵏⵙ.  ⵉⴳ   ⴰⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ   ⴰⵎⵙⵉⵍⵖ    ⴷ    ⵓⴽⴰⵔⵉⴽⴰⵜⵓⵔ,  ⵉⵥⵕⴰ   ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ   ⵏ    ⵓⴷⵔⴰⵔ    ⵏ     ⵉⴳⵍⵍⵉⵏ    ⵃⵎⵣⴰ   ⵄⴱⴹⵍⵍⴰⵀ   ⵇⴰⵙⵉⵎ    ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ    ⵏ     ⵡⵓⵏⵓⵖⵏ    ⵉⴽⴰⵔⵉⴽⴰⵜⵓⵔⵉⵢⵏ   ⵅⴼ   ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ     ⵏ    ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ. ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ    ⵓⵏⵣⴳⵓⵎ    ⵏ     ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ     ⵏ    ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ    ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ    ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ   ⵏⵏⴰ   ⴰⵙ   ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ   ⴳ    ⵢⵉⵅⴼ.  ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ    ⵜ    ⵢⵓⵊⵊⴰⵏ    ⴰⴷ   ⵉⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ   ⵢⴰⵜ   ⵜⴼⵉⵍⵜ   ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏⵜ    ⵏ     ⵕⵕⵡⴰⵢⵙ    ⴳ    ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰ    ⵏ    ⵜⵥⵓⴳⴰⵢⵜ    ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏⵜ,  ⴷ    ⵓⴱⴷⴷⵉ   ⵏⵏⵙ   ⴷ    ⵓⴹⴼⵓⵕ   ⵏⵏⵙ   ⵉ    ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ     ⵏ     ⵉⵏⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔⵏ    ⵏ    ⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔⵜ   ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ   ⵜⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ.  

ⴳ    ⵢⵉⴳⵔ   ⵏ    ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ,  ⵢⵉⵡⵙ    ⴳ    ⵓⴼⴰⵔⵙ   ⵏ   ⵓⵙⴰⵔⵓ    ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ   ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ   ⵏ    ⵙⴰ   ⵜⵏⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ,  ⵉⵍⴰ   ⵙ    ⵓⵣⵡⵍ "ⴱⵓⵜⵅⵣⵣⴰⵏⵜ"   ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ    ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵔ   ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ    ⴷ    ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵕⵢⵓ   ⵏ    ⵓⵙⴰⵔⵓ   ⵉⵍⴰⵏ   ⴰⵣⵡⵍ   ⵏ   "ⵉⵎⵉ    ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ".

ⴳ    ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ   ⵏ    ⵜⵖⵏⵙⴰ,  ⵣⵖ    ⵓⵍⵜⴰⵖ   ⵏ   ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ   ⵚⵚⴰⴼⵉ    ⵎⵓⵎⵏ   ⵄⵍⵉ    ⵙ    ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ   ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵜ   ⵏ    ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍ    ⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ,  ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ   ⴳ   ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ    ⵏ    ⵉⵏⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ     ⵏ    ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ   ⵖ    ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ     ⵏ     ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ   ⵏⵏⵙ   ⵏⵉⵖ   ⵉⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵏ    ⵏⵏⵙ   ⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵏ   ⴷ   ⵓⵍⴰ   ⴳ    ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ   ⵏ    ⵡⴰⵢⵢⴰⵡ   ⵏⵏⵙ    ⴳ    ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ,  ⵢⴰⵡⵙ   ⴳ   ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍ   ⴰⴽⴽⵯ   ⴷ   ⵉⵏⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔⵏ    ⵏⵏⴰ   ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⵏ    ⴳ   ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ  ⴰⴷ,   ⵜⴰⵎⴰ    ⵏ    ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ   ⵏⵏⵙ   ⴳ    ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍ   ⵏ    ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ    ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ    ⴳ    ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ,  ⵣⵓⵏ  ⴷ   ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍ    ⴷ    ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏⴰⵢ    ⵏ    ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ    ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ   ⵏ    ⵓⵣⴷⴷⵓⵢ    ⴳⵔ   ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ    ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ   ⴷ    ⵓⵍⴰ    ⴳ   ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍ    ⵜⵉⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ   ⵏ    ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ   ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ   ⵏ   ⵙⵓⵙ    ⴳ    ⵡⴰⴱⴼⴰ.   ⴷ   ⵜⵉⵣⵉ   ⵍⵍⵉⵖ   ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ     ⵓⵙⴱⴷⴷⵉ    ⵏ    ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ    ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ    ⵏ    ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ    ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ   ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵜⴰⵢ    ⴰⴷ    ⵉⴳ    ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎ    ⴳ   ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ    ⵏ     ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ   ⵏⵏⵙ.

## ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ
***ⴰⵙⴳⵣⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]](ⵙ.ⴳ.ⵙ.ⵎ) :** ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ (ⵎ.ⵎ.ⵙ.ⵎ)