open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Karl Marx

**Karl Marx**, lij heuh **Gajwj Majgwzswh** (Vahgun: 馬克思, 1818 nienz - 1883 nienz) dwg boux cietyozgyah、sevei ginghciyozgyah、ligsijyozgyah、cwngci lijlungyah caeuq gwzminggyah Daekgoz ndeu, de leabbaenz le gungcanjcujyi seizneix. Marx youq Senhyenz Gungcanjdangj (1848 nienz okbanj) cungh daez ok le fuengfap de: "daengxmiz ligsij biengz cungj dwg doucwngh gaihgiz gij ligsij."

Marx nyinhnaeuz swhbwnjcujyi beijbaenz doenghbaez sevei ginghci heahdungj ityiengq, mbouj gojyij biet byaijcoh dairaeg. De saenq seveicujyi gyaek dap swhbwnjcujyi.

## Vwnzyen doxgven
Sam Aen Daibyauj

**"Sam Aen Daibyauj" Cung'yau Swhsiengj** (), genjdanh heuhguh **Sam Aen Daibyauj** (), dwg Cunghgoz Gungcanjdangj doiq seveicujyi yendaiva gensez cijdauj swhsiengj, Gyangh Cwzminz youq 2001 nienz 7 nyied 1 hauh daezok. 

## Gejgangj

## Doxgven
*Majgwzswh-Lezningzcujyi
*Mauz Cwzdungh Swhsiengj
*Dwng Siujbingz Lijlun
* Gohyoz fazcanjgvanh
* Seiq Aen Yendaiva
* Aen Swhsiengj Yiengh Sevei Cujyi Miz Gij Daegsaek Cungguek Seizdaih Moq Siz Ginbingz
Ludwig van Beethoven

**Ludwig van Beethoven** (1770 - 1827) dwg boux Daekgoz gujdenj yinhyoz cozgijgya, yienxcouqgya caeuq vadyinxgya. caebconz Gujdenjcujyi daihsingz, hai langhmanhcujyi cixhoz. De daengxheij sij le 9 aen bienhauh gauhyiengjgij, 35 aen ganggimz couqmingzgij, 10 aen siujdizgimz couqmingzgij, 16 sen yienzyoz seiqcungzcouq, 1 aen heiqfwen, 2 aen mizsa, 1 aen heiq cingciengq, caeuq 3 aen cantata.
Sawndip

**Ndaek Sawndip** (Sawndip:**𭨡𮄫** **⿰書史⿰立生** ) dwg ndaek saw bouxmo caeuq bouxciengqfwen guh. Neix lij miz vunz yungh ndaek saw neix. Coh Vahgun Sawndip mwhneix dwg Sawcuengh gonq. Neix miz vunz raeuz guh Ranzsaw Sawndip.

## Sawndip mwhneix
Mwh Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz guh baenz, boux guh daeuz cix bang guh leux ndaek saw moq ndaek Sawcuengh Moq. Ndaek saw neix ndaek saw raiz vei, hix ndi miz boux lai raiz ndaek saw neix. Sawndip lij youq ndaw lwgminz yungh lai.

## Doeg wnq (讀⿰另恩)
* Bouxmoh
Bouxmoh

## Lawz dwg Bouxmoh
Bouxmoh(baeuqmoh) dwg bouxyaz bouxcuengh. Gyongqde yungh Sawndip. Sawndip lumj Sawgun hoeng ndi dwg Sawgun.

## Bouxmoh neix

Neix miz bouxmoh geq lai dai leu,lwgbouxsai gyongqde ndi guh bouxmoh leu. Gonq mbanj guh leix miz bouxmoh, hoeng neix ndi miz leu.

## Doeg wnq
* Bouxcuengh
Niels Bohr

**Niels Bohr** (1885- 1962), Danhmeg vuzleixyozgya, doiq fatyien yienzcij gyezgouq miz gung'yen hung. De daez ok doxbouj yienzleix caeuq Copenhagen gejgangj daeuj gejnaeuz liengqcij ligyoz.
Gauh Kunh

**Gauh Kunh** dwg vazyi vuzleixyozgyah, okseng youq Cunghgoz Sanghaij, diegcoj dwg Gyanghsuh Ginhsanh, miz Yinghgoz, Meijgoz gozgiz, youq Yanghgangj caeuq Mountain View. Gauh Kunh dwg gvanghcienh , dengih conhgyah, gaenq dang Yanghgangj Cunghvwnz daihyoz yaucangj. 2009 nienz, ndaej Nobel Vuzleixyoz Gyangj.
Iran

**Iran** (Bohsih: ایران) dwg saeya guekgya, daeu 1935 nienz cwngh Bohsih. Soujduh de dwg Tehran. 

Ai nang Lijhaij, Bohsihvanh caeuq Ahlahbozhaij. Gueknden miz Dujwjgiz, Iraq, Armenia, Turkmenistan caeuq Azerbaijan.
James Clerk Maxwell

**James Clerk Maxwell** dwg Yinghgoz leixlun vuzleixyozgyah caeuq soqyozgyah. Gungyen cujyau de youq ginghden dencizyoz fuengmienh, cunjgez singzgiu denyoz vunzciuhgonq, baenz it aen cunghhoz leixlun. De leabean Maxwell fuenghcingzcuj, gangjmingz singciz sagrongh caeuq dencizboh doxdoengz. Cungz seizhaenx haihij, sojmiz fuengcingz fuengmienh haenx cungj dojyij genjva baen Maxwell fuenghcingz. Goengvunz nyinhnaeuz Maxwell gij gungyen youq denyoz fuengmienh dwg Isaac Newton doxdaeuj gij daihngeih bienq gwzming.
Sigmund Freud

**Sigismund Schlomo Freud** dwg Austria cingsaenz faencekyozgyah. De leabbean cingsaenz faencekyoz, heuhguh Vienna Daih'it Cingsaenz Faencek Yozbai. De sij miz *Cek Moengh*, *Cingsaenz Faencekyoz Yinxlun* dengj. Daez ok "cenz eiqseiz", "ndang gou", "bonj gou", "ciuh gou", "Oedipus cingzgiet" dengj leixlun.
Louis Pasteur

**Louis Pasteur** dwg Fazgoz duznengzyozgyah, vayozgyah, leabean duznengzyoz. De doifan swhyienz fatseng gangjfap, cangdauj nengzbingh gangjfap, fatmingz fuengbaeh cimre.
Joseph Stalin

**Joseph Stalin** (Vahgun: 斯大林 **Swhdalinz**, Vah'ezlozswh: Ио́сиф Виссарио́нович Ста́лин, 1878 nienz - 1953 nienz) dwg Suhlienz lingdauj, gozgi gungcanjsujyi hozdoenggya, gaenq dang Suhlienz Gungcanjdangj Cunghyangh Veijyenzhoih cunjsawgi, Suhlienz Bouhcangj Veiyi cujsiz, doiq Suhlienz caeuq seiqgyaiq yingjyangj hunghung. De doihengz nungzyez cizdijva, yinxhwnj yinzminz gebdungx. De yungq giva ginghci fuengfap saedyienh gunghyezva, yinx Suhlienz bean gunghyez caeyq ginhswh daihguek.
Muhamed

**Muhammad**, dwg boux leabbaenz Yihswhlanzgyau. Seng youq Maigya youq bi 570 , dai youq Maidina youq bi 632. Daqlij de doengj'it bouhloh Ahlahboz.
Swngj Daizvanh (Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz)

**Swngj Daizvanh** (), dwg aen swngj Cunghgoz. Swngjvei de dwg Daizbaek.

## Doeg wnq
*Daizvanh
*Swngj Daizvanh (Cunghvaz Minzgoz)
*Cunghvaz Minzgoz
*vwndiz Daizvanh
Cangh Hwngz

**Cangh Hwngz** (Sawgun：张衡，78 nienz－139 nienz）dwg Cunghgoz Hanciuz gohyozgya, vwnzyozgya caeuq swhsiengjgya. Saw de sij miz 《Ngeih Gingh Fuh》、《Lingz yen》 dengjdengj. De fatmingz lo suijlig hunztienhyij, gaijcin lo suijcung, vanz fatmingz lo diegdungyiz.
Serpopard

**Serpopard** dwg aen doenghduz gojgaeqfangz, gwqgwq deuyaenq youq cosmetic palettes, youq seiz lauxvuengzgoz Guj Aigib.
Swyouzcujyi

**Swyouzcujyi** dwg itcungj yisihingzdaih caeuq cezyoz, annaeuz swyouz dwg daej haedsim biengz. Gangj engq gvangj, Swyouzcujyi yauhqiuz sevei baujcienz boux vunz swhsiengj swyouz, yawh faplwd hanhcih cengfuj sawjyung gienzleih, bauj boux boux swyouz guh gaicawx, cihciz seivunz gunghswh loengh hawciengz ginghci, haengj gunghminz yiengjmiz cwngci tijci ronghcingx.

Swyouzcujyi fanjdui haujlai gij cwngci cidu siezcaeux, beijbaenz youz sien buet hawj vuengzdaeq gienzleih gij leixlun, seiqsiz cidu, caeuq gozgauq cidu. Cujcangh vunzgienz gihbwnj Swyouzcujyi miz gienz sengmingh, gienz swyouz caeuq gienz caizcanj. Swyouzcujyi youq seizdaih buqmoengz haijhij, daengj seizneix bauh halo haujlai cungj mboujdoengz eiqsei. 

### Canhgauj swhliu
* Michael Scott Christofferson "An Antitotalitarian History of the French Revolution: François Furet's Penser la Révolution française in the Intellectual Politics of the Late 1970s" (in French Historical Studies, Fall 1999)
* Piero Gobetti La Rivoluzione liberale. Saggio sulla lotta politica in Italia, Bologna, Rocca San Casciano, 1924
Cukgiuz

**Cukgiuz** dwg meh ningsangj ndeu, youz doiq soeng ndeu doxdax, doiq ndeu miz 11 boux, sawjyungh aen giuz. Gyoengqvunz nyinhnaeuz de dwg aen yindung ceiq saeb vanhyingz.

Cukqiuz baeznaengz youq danz cangzfuengxhingz cixnaeuz ciengz goengrengz doxsaiq. Douqiuz youq cunghyangh mae satmeix. Cieng giuz dwk haeuj douqiuz baihde couh naengz ndaej fean ndeu. Youq doxsaiq itbuen, bouxbawxdou dwg duiyenz dog haengj yungq fajfwngz<.
Doenghgo

**Go** (*Plantae*)

## Album

File:Borassus flabellifer.jpg|Borassus flabellifer
File:Chestnut in Guntur.jpg|The fruits of Palmyra Palm tree, Borassus flabellifer (locally called Thaati Munjelu) sold in a market at Guntur, India.
File:Turmericroot.jpg|Turmeric rhizome
File:Starr 050407-6233 Ipomoea batatas.jpg|Sweet potato, *Ipomoea batatas*, Maui Nui Botanical Garden
File:Pandan wangi.JPG|*Pandanus amaryllifolius*
File:California Papaya ID.jpg|California Papaya
File:Papaya sunset.jpg|*Carica papaya*, cultivar 'Sunset'
File:Prepared lemon grass.JPG|*Cymbopogon citratus*, lemon grass, oil grass
File:Bangkuang 070612-056 stgd.jpg|*Pachyrhizus erosus* bulb-root. Situgede, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
File:KIKU brak-ontree.JPG|Fuji (apple)
File:SauropusAndrogynus.jpg|Sprouting shoots of *Sauropus androgynus*
File:Ilaneer.jpg|*Cocos nucifera*
[...]
Bouxcuengh

**Bouxcuengh** (Sawndip: 佈僮 Vahgun:壮族) dwg aen minzcuzvunznoix Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz(Cungguek).Bouxcuengh dwg minzcuz vunz lai daih ngeih youq Cungguek,dwg nga ndeu duh Bakvied ciuhgonq.Neix Bouxcuengh youq Gvangjsae, Gvangjdoeng, Yinznanz, Guicouh lai.Bouxcuengh caeuq Bouxyaej,Bouxdaej Bouxnoengz Giáy youq Yiednamz doxlumj, Caez heuh guh Bouxraeuz.

## Ligsij
Cinz Swngminj gij bouxhag neix yenzgiu okdaeuj,Bouxcuengh dwg lwglan Sae'ou caeuq Lokvied duh Bakvied ciuhgonq,caeuq Bouxdaez youq Biengzdaez(Daiqguek) miz goek ndeu.Yenzgiu fatyienh,Bouxcuengh caeuq Bouxdaez youq gangjvah,hwnjranz,caeqbaiq miz dieg doxlumj lai.Lumjbaenz yenzgiu fatyienh,song cungj vah neix singmeh,yinhmeh cenghdi doxdoengz;youq 1000 aen saw geq,miz 75% doxdoengz roxnaeuz doxlumj.

## Saw
### Sawndip
Sawndip dwg cungj saw ndeu bouxmo caeuq bouxciengqfwen gonq caux ok,ragoek daengz Dangzciuz cien bi gonq.Miz sawloih sawndip gyoepsuenq,sawndip lwgminz yungh gungh miz 4800 aen yiengh neix.Miz bonj saw duh Soengqciuz(宋·范成大《桂海虞衡志》)naeuz:"Baihgyae fungsug rwix,raizsaw gauqguen mbawheiq daengj saeh neix,gag yungh saw doj(Saw doj de naeuz cix dwg Sawjndip),Guiqlinz gij gunh neix cungj lumj yiengh neix."(边远俗陋，牒诉券的，专用土俗书，桂林诸郡皆然。)

Hoeng,Sawndip diegdieg ndi doxdoengz,raiz ndi vei,ndi miz guenfouj yungh de.De gag miz lwgminz yungh,gij bouxmo caeuq bouxciengqfwen yungh de ma raiz fwen,goj.

### Sawcuengh Gyeopyaem
Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz laebbaenz gvaqlaeng,bi 1955 doenggvaq *Fueng'an Sawcuengh*,youq dieg Cuengh doiqgvangj sawjyungh.Fueng'an nienzdaih 50 dwg yungh sawmeh duh Sihlahfuh caeuq sawmeh duh gag guh.Nienzdaih 1980 gvaqlaeng,Sawcuengh gag yungh 26 aen Sawmeh Lahdinh.
Makbug

**Makbug** (mingzhag: Citrus maxima) dwg cungj mak, gvi Yinzyanghgoh Ganhgaetsuj, youq deonghnanmzya, Cunghgoz Hoznamz caeuq namz Dahcangzgyangh cungj miz. De itbuen seng youq dieg Haijbaz 600－1400m, youq goekdah, bobya gaenxgyawj miz daixbaj.
Nozveih

**Nozveih** (Nozveihyij: *Norge*), mingz guenfueng heuhguh **Nozveih Vuengzguek** (*Kongeriket Norge*), dwg aen guekgya youq Baekou, youq sae Scandinavia Buendauj. Gijgvangq dwg 385207 bingzfueng goenghleix, gyaeujvunz miz 5627400 boux (2026). Gyaeujvunz de mbang lai. Diegguek Dinglai caeuq Ruidenj dox gaenlaenz. Doujduh dwg Oslo. Haijanqsien Nozveih caeuq Baek Daihsaeyangz dox gaenlaenz, siazvanh haenj mizmingz lai. Ngeih Can liux, aen ginghci Nozveih dem vaiq.

## References
James Watt

**James Watt**, Suhgwzlanz fatmingzgya, gihgai gunghcwngzswh. De seng youq Greenock(Glasgow banz), Sugwzlanz. 1757 nienz, de youq Glasgow Daihhag hai le aen ciuhleixdiemq. 4 nienz liux de fatsien cenzndiep youqgaenj lai. Cimhlaeng, De gaijndei le gihgi raemxfwi, doidoengh gunghyez gwzming.
Dah Ganghgoj

**Dah Ganghgoj** dwn diuz dah, youq baihcunghsae Feihcouh dwg ceiq raez. Raezdinj dwg 4700 goenghleix, liuzliengh ceiq loet daemx 80000 bingzfuengmi moix miux. Ganliuz ginggvaq Canbijya, Ganghgoj Minzcuj Gunghozgoz, Ganghgoj Gunghozgoz, Anhgohlah dengj dieg. Liuzyiz Dah Ganghgoj dwg dieg ndoengfaex ndiepdaih daihngeih hung, dan beij Ndoengfaex Yamajsin coz.
Majlaizsihya

**Majlaizsihya**, doenghnamzya guekgya. Miz 13 aen couh caeuq 30 aen lienzbangh sohguenjcih, gijgvangj dwg 329,845 bingzfueng goenghleix. Soujduh dwg Gizlungzpoh, cwngci cunghsim youq Buqcwngz. Majlaizsihya miz song anj, Sae Majlaizsihya caeuq Daigoz laenzgaenh, Doeng Majlaizsihya youq baihbaek Bozlozcouh. Aen mbwn gvi ndiepdaih yijlinz heiqhaeuh. Cwngdij dwg Sihminjsi cidu.
Yinniz

**Yindunizsihya Gunghozgoz**, doengnamzya guekgya. De miz 17508 aen dauj, dwg ginzdauj guekgya ceiq hung gwnzbiengz, najhunz miz 230000000, daixbaj dwg muswhlinz. Saujduh dwg Yajgyadaz. Guek banz miz Papua New Guinea, East Timor, Majlaizsihya dengj.
Ahsehbaiqgyangh

**Azerbaijan Gunghogzgoz**, lij heuh **Ahsehbaiqgyangh**, Yacouh guekgya. Soujduh de dwg Baku. 

Yenzlaiz dwg Suhlienz gyamwngz gunghozgoz. Youq baihdoeng Vaih Kavkaz, caeuq Iran, Armenia, Dujwjgiz, Gruzia, Ezlozswh gaenlaenz. Youg Cunghya Nguxgoz, coenghoz gozlig cij beij Kazakhstan caeuq Uzbekistan nyieg.
Kazakhstan

**Kazakhstan** lij heuh **Hah-saz-gwz-swh-danj**, dwg aen guekgya youq Yacouh ndeu. De hix dwg aen gyamengz gunghozgoz Suhlienz ndeu. Bi 1991 doeglap. Soujduh dwg Astana. Kazakhstan caeuq Ezlozswh, Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan gaenlaenz. De dwg neiloegguek ceiq daih gwnbiengz.
Suhlienz

**Suhlienz**, gaenq dwg guekgya ceig hung gwnbiengz. Youz 15 aen gyamwngz gunghozgoz cauxbaenz. De saedhengz seveicujyi ceiq romh. 1991 nienz fatseng 8·19 saehgienh, Suhlienz nyaih.
Fwnhlanz

**Fwnhlanz** (Vah Fwnhlanz:Suomi), Baekouh guekgya, soujduh de dwg Helsinki. Caeuq Ruidenj, Ezlozswh, Esahnizya gaenlaenz. Caueq Ruidenj miz daepnengq gaenjmaed. Gaenq caeuq Sulienz doxdaj. Cwngci cujyau dwg yivei cwngci, cungjdungj hix miz gienzleih haemq hung. Ginghci gunghyezva cingzdoh sang.
Salvador Dalí

**Salvador Dalí**, canghdajveh caeuq canghdajdeu Cauyienhsaedcujyi Sihbanhyaz. 1922 nienz bae San Fernando yozyen hag veh, rox Federico García Lorca caeuq Luis Bunuel dengj. Veh de saekrim siengjsiengq.
Ahlijsanda Daihdaeq

**Ahlijsanda Daihdaeq**, Majgizdun guekvuengz, de doengj'it le Sihla cwngzbangh, dwkfug Bohswh caeuq yacouh guekgya gizyawz, cigsoh Yindu.
Hozmaj

**Hozmaj**, canghsei Guj Sihlaz(Sihlaz Gonq), de sij le cangsei Iliad caeuq Odyssey. Goengqvunz heuh de guh Bohsae Vwnzyoz.
Gamjcingz

**Gamjcingz**, rox heuhguh cingz, dwg aen coenghoz sengleix caeuq simleix cuenghdaih, youq seiz hwn vaiqgaiq gig.
Esperanto

**Esperanto**- lingvo internacia - 

---------------------
* ''Alfabeto de Esperanto''
* ''Wikipedia''
* ''Bildvortaro''
* ''Esperanto, a, b, c''
* - ''ĉinia radio internacia esperanta retpaĝo'' 
* ''"uea-radikoj-685"'''''
* (''reta-vortaro.de'')
* "Esperanto"; ''FUNDAMENTO DE ESPERANTO Antaŭparolo; Gramatiko: GRAMMAIRE (Gramatiko Franca); GRAMMAR ( — Angla); GRAMMATIK ( — Germana); ГРАММАТИКА ( — Rusa); GRAMATYKA ( — Pola);Ekzercaro, Universala Vortaro''
* (''Esperanto''), ''PIV Plena Ilustrita Vortaro Eldono 2005''
Ho Chi Minh Si

**Ho Chi Minh Si**(Saw Yiednamz: Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh) dwg sohguenjsi Yiednamz Seveicujyi Gunghozgoz.
Bouxmienh

**Bouxmienh**, hix heahguh **Yauzcuz**, dwg minzcuzvunznoix Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz. Miz haeujvunz 2637421 (2000 nienz), 62.1% youq Gvangjsih, 21.5% youq Huznamz，8% youq Gvangjdoengh, 8% youq Yinznanz, 1.5% youq Gveicouh.

Miz di Bouxmienh youq Yiednamz, Laujvoh, Daigoz. Bouxmienh youq Yiednamz mauhgvaq 62 fanh. Vahtuj miz Vahmienh, Vah Bunuj, Vah Lagyah dengj.
Bouxmiuz

Minzcuzvunznoix Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz. Hix youq Doenghnamzya caueq Meijgoz. Bouxmiuz youq Cunghgoz miz heaujvunz 8945538 (2000 nienz). Youq Yiednamz heuhguh Boux Hmong, miz heaujvunz 787604. Vahtuj Bouxmuiz dwg Vahmiuz, gvi Miuz-Yiuz Yijhaeh.
Gveicouh

**Gveicouh Sengj** (Sawgun: 贵州省) dwg aen sengz baihsae Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz, youq baihdoengh Yinzgvei Gauhyienz. Sengzvei dwg Gveiyangz.

## Vehfaen Hingzcwng
6 Si Deihgaep (地級市), 3 Swcigih (自治州)

### Si

# Gveiyangz (贵阳)
# Liuzbanhsuj (六盘水)
# Cinyiz (遵义)
# Anhsun (安顺)
# Bizgez (毕节)
# Dunghyinz (铜仁)

### Swcigih
# Cenzsihnanh Bouxyaej Miuz Swcigih (黔西南布依族苗族自治州)
# Cenznanz Bouxyaej Miuz Swcigih (黔南布依族苗族自治州)
# Cenzdunghnanz Miuz Dungcuz Swcigih (黔东南苗族侗族自治州)

## 

* Guiyang Government website
Jean-Paul Sartre

**Jean-Paul Sartre** Fazgoz vwnzyozgyah、swhsiengjgyah、cietyozgyah. 1905 nienz 6 nyied 21 hauh seng youq Fazgoz Bahliz. 《Cuengqyouq caeuq Hawfouz》 de sij daihbyauj diuz Cuengqyouqcujyi gij cingzcik.
Bahliz

**Bahliz** (Vah Fazgoz: Paris) dwg Fazgoz soujduh、si ceiq hung、cwngci vwnzva cunghsim. Bahliz hix dwg sengj daih 75 Fazgoz, gvi Fazlanzsih Daihdaujgih. Haeujvunz miz 219 fanh (2007 nienz), gijgvangq dwg 105.4km².

Tour Eiffel, École militaire, Champ-de-Mars, Palais de Chaillot, La Défense - 03.jpg
Paris-Notre Dame-102-Suedseite-2017-gje.jpg|Notre Dame
Paris-Sainte-Chapelle-124-2017-gje.jpg|Sainte Chapelle
Paris-Seine-114-Pont Saint-Michel-2017-gje.jpg|Seine, Pont Saint-Michel
Paris-Place des Vosges-118-2017-gje.jpg|Place des Vosges
Paris-Rue Mouffetard-164-nr 128-2017-gje.jpg|Rue Mouffetard
Paris-Sacré-Cœur-104-2017-gje.jpg|Sacré-Cœur
Paris-von Montmartre-136-p13-2017-gje.jpg|Vue depuis Montmartre
Lauxsae

**Lauxsae** gyau goengqvunz hag vwngzva. Itbuen lauxsae youq gyauyuz gihgou guh hung, danq caemh miz gyahdingz gyausae.
Doeng Timor

**Doeng Divwnq Minzcuj Gunghozgoz** dwg Doengnamzya gozgyah, youq baihdoeng Divwnq Dauj. Yinniz gaenq hangzciemq lai lai, 1999 nienz 8 nyied gietdingh duzliz, 2002 nienz 5 nyied 20 hauh cingqheiq duzliz. 2002 nienz 3 nyied 22 hauh doenggvaq yenfaz daih'it. 

Youq Doeng Divwnq miz bya lai, bingzyienz、goekdeiz gvihaeuj ndiepdaih diegnywj dienheiq, digih gizyawz gvihaeuj ndiepdaih ndoengfwn dienheiq. Doeng Divwnq miz 13 aen yen. Vah guenfueng dwh Vah Dwzdun、 Vah Buzduzyaz
Rabindranath Tagore

**Daiqgwzwj** (রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর, 1861 nienz 5 nyied 7 hauh－1941 nienz 8 nyied 7 hauh) dwg Yindu bouxsijsei, caeuq ceityozghya, de cihciz fanj yendai minzcuzcujyi. 1913 nienz de ndaej Nobel Vwnzyoz Ciengj. Gyoengq vunz Yindugauq nyinhnaeuz de dwg bouxsien.

## Baihrog lienzcanh
* ''Comzroegbanh''
Vah Yinniz

**Vah Yindunizsihya**（Bahasa Indonesia）lij heuh **Vah Yinniz** dwg vah guenfuengh Yindunizsihya, gvihaeuq Malay-Polynedia Yijcuz. Miz 1700 fanh daengj 3000 fanh vunz dawz Vah Yinniz guh vahcoj, lij miz 1 ik 4000 fanh dawz Vah Yinniz guh vah daihngeih. Vah Yinniz caeuq Vah Majlaiz doxhuet lai.
Vah Dwzgoz

**Vah Dwzgoz** (deutsche Sprache) dwg cungj vah Yin-ouh Yijhaeh Rwwjman Yijcuz. Miz 1 ik lai boux yungh guh vahcoh. Caieq gonq youq Dwzgoz、Audiliz、Luzsenhbauj dengj digih sawjyungh. Vah Dwzgoz youq gwz fapvah dwg "vah utciet", cujyau baengh bienqvaq sawcingz, mbouj dwg baengh yijhiq、sawhaw. Sawmingz faen sam aen sing, miz faen dan fuk soq.
Vah Swahili

**Vah Swahili** dwg cungj Vah Bantu, hix dwg vah guenfueng Danjsanghnizya. Miz 5500 fan lai boux yungh vah neix. 1728 nienz Vah Swahili couh haihij yungh Ahlahboz Cihmeh bingqsij. 19 sigi gaij yungh Lahdingh Cihmeh bingqsij. Youq ndaw Vah Swahili miz loengxsoeng sawciq Vah Ahlahboz.

Sawmingz Vah Swahili faen geij cungj, gij feandingz neix youz cehhwnj byaujyen okdaeuj. Aenq Meinhof heahdoengj, youq ndaw Vah Bantu ceiq lai miz 22 cungj feandingz. Youq ndaw Vah Swahili miz 15 cungj. m-, wa- byauj vunzlajmbwn. ku- byauj sawdoengh mboujdinghsik.
Doengz

**Doengz**, hix heuhguh **luengz**, dwg cungj gimsug, vayoz fuzhauh dwg *Cu* (Saw Latin:**Cuprum**), yiencij haehsoq dwg 29. Doengz dwg cungj gvaqdoh gimsug.

## Vayoz singciz
Doengz yungzheih caeuq lujsoq、hoqlujvavuz、liuz、sae dox vahoz. Liuzva yiengagau caeuq doengz haek bae.

* Cu+2N2O4→Cu(NO3)2+2NO.

* 3Cu+6H++ClO3−→3Cu2++Cl−+3H2O

* 2Cu+6S=C(NH2)2+2HCl→2Cu(I)(S=C(NH2)2)3Cl+H2

* 7Cu+2TcO4-+16H+→2Tc+7Cu2++8H2O

* 2Cu+FeS→Cu2S+Fe

* 4Cu+SO3→CuS+3CuO
* Cu+SO3→CuO+SO2
Jakarta

**Yajgyadaz** dwg Yinniz soujduh. Yajgyadaz youq 15 sigi leabbaen, goengqvunz seizde heuh de Kelapa. 1527 nienz Fatahillah dwkfug de, gaij mingz Yajgyadaz. 1619 nienz Hozsoj Doengh Yindu Gunghswh dwkfug aen si neix, gaij mingz Batavia. 1942 nienz Nditbonj hangzciemq Yajgyadaz. 1949 nienz gvi Yinniz.
Vah Yiednamz

**Vah Yiednamz** (tiếng Việt) dwg vahguek Yiednamz, vanz Namzya Yijheah. Gij Boux Yiednamz miz 85 daengz 90% dawz Vah Yiednamz guh Vahcoj. Ciuhgonq gaenq yungh Sawgun caueq Sawnamz sij Vah Yiednamz, seizneix yungh Lahdinh Cihmeh sij.
Yezsuh

**Yesu**（gonq 6 nienz－29 nienz hoh gonq 5 nienz－29 nienz hoh gonq 4 nienz－30 nienz hoh 2 nienz－36 nienz, mingz cienz dwh Jeshua ben Joseph, couh dwg “Jeshua, lwg Joseph”） dwg goengdaeuz Geidoekgauq, Geidoekgauq nyinhnaeuz de dwg gouqseiqcawj  soj yawhyenz, dwg lwgsien. Goengqvunz hix heuh de Yesu boux nazsalw, hoh Yesu Geidoek.
Non

**Non**(𭨡𮄫: 󶅫, ⿰虫嫩), hoh heuhguh **nengz**(蜋), dwg cungj doenghduz, soqcungj ceiq lai, fatyen 80 fanh lai cungj lo. Gij goucauq non caeuq doenghduz gizlungz mbouj doxdoengz, ndang de mbouj miz ndok ndaw dingj, hak youz Geijdinhciz cauxbaenz.

Non youq Sengvuzgien haenj youqgaenj.
Dayoz

**Dayoz** dwg aen gauhdengj gyauyuz gihgou, daezhawj gyauyoz caueq yenzgiu diuzgen. Dayoz siezneix itbuen baugvaq geij aen cienyez yozyen, haengj hagseng gak cungj faenzbingz.
Cabceiq

**Cabceiq** dwg bonj saw, laebdaeb okbanj, baihndaw baugvaq gak cungj feanzcieng. Itbuen baengh gvangjgau caueq duzcej cawx canh cienz. Bonj cabceiq moix cungj minz aen mingzcoh nyegdingh, yungh gien、geiz、bi、ngoet bienhauh. Cabceiq baeznaengz miz geij cungj: couhganh、songcouhganh、buennyiedganh dengjdengj. Bonjbonj cabceiq cungj miz ISSN.
Sipndangj

**Sipndangj**(蛈蝪), lij heuh duzsip、siphawz、sipvaiz、duzgip、sitnamj, dwg cungj non, faenbouh youq saenamz Cunghgoz, youq seizcin okdoengh, youq seizdoeng yietbaeg. Ndang baeznaengz raez lai, caiqlij miz aen ga lai.
Haij Rongx

Haijlangh laux lai, buqvaih lai, heuhguh haij rongx. Deihdoengh fatseng youq haij daej, yinxhwnj raemxhaij gwnj gwnj noengz noengz haenq, leabbean daixlangh, yiengq baihnaj doi bae, dawz yenzhaij deihdaih lumj, neix heuhguh haij rongx.
Vahyindi

**Vah Yindi** (हिन्दी), lij heuh Vah Baekyindu, vanz Yindu-yajlizanh Yijcih, Yindu-yihlangj Yijcuz, Yin-ouh Yijheah. 1965 nienz 1 nyied 26 hauh baenz Yindu cunghyangh cwngfuj guenfueng yijyenz. Vah Yindi caueq Vah Vuhwjduh ceng mbouj geij lai. Cujyau faenbied dwg Vah Yindi yungh Saw Dienhcwngz sij, Vah Vuhwjduh yungh Vuhwjduh Cihmeh sij. Vah Yindi yungh gij sawciq Vah Fan engq lai.

## Yijyinh haehdoengj

## Saw Dienhcwngz
Saw Dienhcwngz yungh yenzyinh fujbyauh heahdoengj sij. Baihlaj dwg cimmehbiuj:

:
:
:
Vah Urdu

**Vah Urdu** roxnaeuz **Vah Vuhwjduh**（اردو） dwg dingz vah gvihaeuj Indo-Aryan Yijcih, Indo-Iran Yijcuz, Yin-ouh Yijhi. Miz 6.1 cienfanh boux dawz Vah Urdu guh vahcoj. Vah Urdu dwg gij vah guenfueng Pakistan. Vah Urdu deng Vah Bohswh, Vah Dujwjgeiz caeuq Vah Ahlahboz yingjyangj.
Banh Gihvwnz

**Banh Gihvwnz** (Saw Cauzsenh:반기문, 1944 nienz 6 nyied 13 hauh - ) dwg Lenzhozgoz misuhcangj、Hanzgoz vaiqgyauhgyah、cwngcigyah. 2006 nienz 10 nyied 9 hauh Lenzhozgoz ancienz lijswvei douzbiuq doenggvaq Banh lawh Gohvih Anhnanz, baenz Lenzhozgoz misuhcangj yaemh daih'bat.
Linzgenj

**Linzgenj** (Abraham Lincoln, 1809 nienz 2 nyied 12 hauh－1865 nienz 4 nyied 15 hauh), Meijgoz cwngcigya, Cungjdungj yaemh daih 16, lij dwg Cungjdungj Gunghozdangj boux daih'it. Youq ndaw yeamhgih de fatseng Meijgoz Neican, lij heuh Namzbaej Cancwngh. Linzgenj feiq gij hoiqnoz cidu gak couh baihnamz, danq Namzbaej Cancwngh daj liux couh geij aen baihbaek gujleix baujlouz hoiqnoz cidu. Linzgenj hoenxbaih seiq biek baihnamz, veizhu gozgya doengj'it lo. Neican hoenx liux mbouj lai, Linzgenj deng amqgaj.
Daihbingz Dienguek

**Daihbingz Dienguek** (太平天囯) dwg ciengj fanjcingh yindung, youq cung 19 sigi fatseng. 1851 nienz youz Hungz Yiucienz dengj boux fatdoengh, 1853 nienz guk ciemq Gimlingz (Namzging) guh soujduh, gaij mingz Diengingh. Daihbingz Dienguek gaenq fatcanj daengz Gvangjsih, Huznanz, Huzbaek, Gyanghsih, Anveih, Gyanghsuh. Hoznamz, Sanhsih, Cizliz, Sanhdoengh, Cwzgyangh, Gveicouh, Sicuanh, Yinznanz, Sanjsih, Ganhsu dengj dengj, ciemq gvaq 600 lai aen si. 1864 nienz Diengingh loemqlak.
Bozhoz

**Bozhoz** gvei cenzsingzgoh, miz 25 cungj, Hozceu Bozhoz caeuq Loeg Bozhoz ceiq ciengzraen. Ciuhlaux canj youq Oucouh Deihcunghhaij caueq Saeya. Seizneix cujyau canjdeih youq Meijgoz, Sihbanhyaz, Yidali, Fazgoz, Yinghgoz, Bahwjgan Buendauj dengj, Yacouh lij miz gij deih okcanj.
Vwnh Gyahbauj

**Vwnh Gyahbauj** (温家宝, 1942 nienz 9 nyied 15 hauh -) dwg vunz Dienhginh Cunghgoz, cwngcigya. 2003 nienz 3 yied baenz Gozvuyen cungjlij. 2013 niez roengzdaiz.
Cwngciyoz

**Cwngciyoz** dwg cungj Sevei Gohyoz, yenzgiu cwngci hingzveiz, cwngci dijci caeuq saehcingz doxgven. Youq baihsae, Cwngciyoz caemh heuhguh Cwngci Yenzgiu, Cwngci Gohyoz naeuz Cwngci.
Youdaezmoeg

**Youdaezmoeg**(Artiodactyla) gvei doenghduz nyamhcij, iekliengh miz 200 cungj. Gij doenghduz mizdaez seizneix 90％ cungj dwg doenghduz youdaez.
Vaizcwx meijcouh

**Vaizcwx meijcouh** dwg cungj doenghduz youdaez, beij doenghduz baekmeijcouh gaeqlw cungj hung. De buet ndaej vaiq lai, moix aen siujseiz gojyij buet 60 goenghleix. Gyoengqvaiz cujyau youz meh vaiz caeuq lwg vaiz cwk baenz. Vaiz daeg gag cwk baenz mbongvaiz. Gyoengqde caeuq Vaizcwx ouhouh dwg caencik.
Ceizraemxrouh

**Ceizraemxrouh** lij heuh ceizmbarouh、ceizyenz、dangyuenz、fongqfuz、mba、ceizlubrouh、ceizdanghvenz、ceizraenx、mbafouz、suijyenz、daengzyuenz. Gyoengqvunz youq ciet daengloengz gwn ceizraemxrouh. Ceizraemxrouh yungh haeuxcid guh.
Huz Ginjdauh

**Huz Ginjdauh** (Sawgun: 胡锦涛, 1942 nienz 12 nyied 21 hauh - ) , diegcoj dwg Anhveih Gizsih, seng youq Cunghgoz Gyanghsuh Sengj Daiyen, dwg Cunghgoz Gungcanjdangj caeuq Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz lingjdauj.

2002 nienz de baenz Cunghgoz Gungcanjdangj Cunghyangh Veijyenzvei Cungjsuhgi、Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz Cujsiz. 2013 niez roengzdaiz.

## Baihrog lienzcanh
*Gij Baugau Youq Gwnz Aen Daihhoih Cungguek Gungcanjdangj Daih Cibcaet Baez Daengx Guek Daibyauj Davei
Fwen Lajbiengz

Geu go neix dwg boux vunz Fazgoz (Eugène Edine Pottier) ndeu 1871 nienz guh baenz, doeklaeng cienz doh lajbiengz, deng hoiz baenz haujlai cungj vah.
Daihhanz Minzgoz

**Daihhanz Minzgoz**（Vah Cauzsenh：대한민국）, lij haeuh Hanzgoz, dwg aen guekgya youq dingznamz Cauzsenh Buenqdauj, soujduh dwg Soujwj. Yanfanz gvidingh diegguek baugvaq baenzaen Cauzsenh Buendauj caueq gij daujyij fuksuj, danq seizneix Hanzgoz dan dungjci baihnamz bueqdauj. Daj Cauzsenh cancwng liux le, gij ginghci Hanzgoz fatcanj vaiq lai, baenz gvei Yacouh Saiesiujloengz.
John Keats

**Gizciz** (John Keats, 1795 nienz 10 nyied 31 hauh－1821 nienz 2 nyied 23 hauh), cangh'aujsei Yinghgoz. 14 bi couh dawz 《Aeneid》 (ciengzsei Veizgizwj guh) hoiz bae Vahyingh. 1817 nienz okbanj bonj seiciz daih'it, deng bonj cabceiq 《Blackwood's magazine》miq. Seizcin bimoq okbanj 《Endymion》. Youq bigeq gij sei de guh baugvaq 《fwendanq roeghaemh》、《Sij saenq hawj seizcou》 dengj dengj.
Ahkezbah Daihdaeq

**Ahkezbah** (1542 nienz 10 nyid15 hauh ～ 1605 nienz 10nyied 27 hauh) dwg boux vuengzdaeq daih'sam Movowj Digoz. De dwg lwg Vuzmajyung, seng youq Sindwz. Bi 13 de dingj vuengzvih, Bailam danghcwng. 1560 nienz Ahkezbah caenndang danghcwng. Ahkezbah haengj Yindugauqduz camcwng, caueq Vunz Lahgizbuj'wz lenzmungz. Youq seiz de dungjci, gij diegguek Movowj baenz lai lai. De lij laeb dau guenjleix gihgou, haengj ginghci hoengh.
Croatia

**Gwzlozdiya** dwg aen gunghozgoz, youq baihdoengnamz Ouhcouh, Dicunghaij caueq Bahwjgan buendauj youq dieg neix dox camca. 1991 nienz youq Nanzswhlahfuh Seveicujyi Gunghozgoz duzliz, soujduh dwg Sagwzlwgbouh. 2000 nienz gyahaeuj Seiqgyaiq gaicawx cujciz. Gwzlozdiya miz 20 aen yen, 1 aen sohguenjsi.
Daengloengz

**Daengloengz** dwg cungj yisuz, youq ciuhlaux itbuen yungh guh ciuqdoengz. Beizrog yungh ceij hoh baengzsei guh, dokgog yungh faex hoh fangz guh, baihndaw cuengqce aen lab.
Nyeiqswq

**Nyeiqswq Lenzbangh** (Vah Dwzgoz:Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft) dwg aen guekgya youq baihcungh Saeouh, gijgvangj dwg 41285 km², haeujvunz iekliengh miz 770 fanh.

Nyeiqswq dwg lenzbanghci guekgya, youz 26 aen cuoh caux baen. Lienzbangh cwngfuj youq Bozwjniz, danqdwg gij cunghsim ginghci guekgya neix dwg sam aen cienzgiuz singzsi:Rizneivaj, Bahsaiwj, Suhlizsi.

## Lizsij
Daj 11 sigi gvei Saenzswng lozmaj digoz. 1291 nienz geij aen couh ciem iek fanj Hahbuswhbauj vangzciuz, laebbaen lenzbangh, 1648 nienz goengbouh duzliz. Youq gwn 1815 nienz Veiyejna veiyi, Nyeiqswq baenz guekgya cunghliz daengznauq.

Lenzbangh cwngfuj youq 1848 nienz leabbaen, gij yanfaz seizneix youq 1999 nienz youz gunghminz douzbiuq doenggvaq, 2000 nienz 1 nyied 1 hauh saedhengz. 2002 nienz 9 nyied 10 hauh gyahaeuj Lenzhozgoz.
Bahwjgan buendauj

**Bahwjgan buendauj**（Balkan） dwg benq dieg  youh baihdoengnamz ouhcouh, youq laj Yadwzlijyahaij caueq Hwzhaij. Benq dieg neix miz 550000 bingzfangh goengleix caueq dep 5500 fanh gyaeujvunz.
Gangbit

**Gangbit** dwg cungj bit, ndang youz gang hoh suhgyauh guh, bitguenj cang raemxmaeg. Doenggvaq cunglig caeuq mauzsi lwedguenj cohyung, caiq ginggvaq gimsug bakbit bitdaeuz suhsij. Romraemx gangbit dih lizsij naengz ragoek daengz 10 sigi.
Raemxmaeg

**Raemxmaeg** dwg cungj raemx, hamzmiz saeksoq hoh yw'nyumx. Raemxmaeg deng yung daeuj suhsij hoh daj veh. Ceiq romh raemxmaeg yung gimsuq huzdauzhog hoh ceh guh, mizseiz lij yung gij maeg byamaegdaeuj hoh byacangh. Vunz Cunghgoz lij yung danq guh raemxmaeg.
Binghsiqrueg

**Binghsiqrueg** dwg cungj bingh oksiq singqgaenj, binghfat gauhfunggih youq seizhah, naengz youq ndaw geij aen siujseiz guhbaenz oksiq duetraemx senceiq aux vunz dai. Binghsiqrueg dwg youz huzgin binghsiqrueg yinxhwnj. Huzgin binghsiqrueg ndaw raemx.
Cujluj

**Cujlujcuz** dwg aen Feicouh mincuz, iek miz 110 fanh haeujvunz, cujyau youq KwaZulu-Natal sengj Nanzfei. Vahcoj gyoenqde dwh Vahcujluj (isiZulu). Cujluj Vangzgoz youq gwn lizsij Nanzfei youqgaenj lai. Seizneix youq Nanzfei vunz cujluj ceiq lai.
Hoysala Digoz

**Hoysala Digoz** dwg aen Nanzyindu Kannadiga digoz, dungjci Karnaraka seizneix dingzlai, coengz 10 dauq 14 sigi. Hoysala soujduh ceiq romh youq Belur, doeklaeng daen bae Halebidu.
Vah Nyiedbonj

**Vah Nyiedbonj** (Vah Nyiedbonj: 日本語) dwg dingz vah Boux Nyiedbonj gangj, miz 1 ik 3 cien fanh boux sawjyungh. De gvei Vahhaeh Nyiedbonj, dwg cungj vahgyuek. Vah Nyiedbonj yungh sam cungj saw sij: sawgun (kanji, 漢字)、bingzgyajmingz (hiragana, 平仮名) caeuq Bien'gyajmingz (katakana, 片仮名).
Liuzcai Ceiqheih

**Liuzcai Ceiqheih** (聊齋誌異) dwg bonj sawcuenhsib, Cingciuz Buz Soenglinz guh, itgungh miz dinjbien sawcuenh 491 bien. Bonj saw neix dwg yungh sawciuhgonq sij.
Hoengzlaeuzmoengh

《**Hoengzlaeuzmoengh**》 (红楼梦), hoh heuh 《Sigdaeuzgeiq》 (石头记), dwg bonj sawcuenh Cingdaih, youq 1784 nienz sijbaenz. Gonq 80 hoiz dwg Cauz Sietginz guh, laeng 40 hoiz dwg Fouxmingzsi guh. Gij haggoh yenzgiu deng heuhguh Hoengzyoz.
Ced

**Ced**, gasawh mehmbwk, lij heuh **maih**、 **hi**、 **cued**. Itbuen baugvaq daihyaemcunz, siujyaemcunz, yaemdeiq, conghnyouh、conghyaenmdau、isau.
Sainyouh

beijnyouh haehdoengj giguen. Coengz rongznyouh ciepdaengz rog ndang, hai nyouh okbae. Youq ndaw doenghduz daeg lij maenz dawz mokcing dengj ok. Youd sij seiz dai fat sainyouh dwg coengz baihdungx saetcizciengh canjseng.
Ciemxdin

**Ciemxdin** lij heuh gitga、haeddin、gasaeq、gyoetdin、dingeuj, dwg cungj fungsug bouxgun. Dah daj seiz nomj couh ciemx, din e bae lo. 20 sigi ciemhciemh mbouj lae lo.
Bienhcingqfap

**Bienhcingqfap** (辩证法, Dialectic), dwg gvanhyih doiqdingj doeng'it、bujbienq lenzhaeq caeuq bienqva fatcanj dih cietyoz yozsoz. Youq seizneiz yungh youq baugvaq seiveiz、swhyienz、lizsij sam aen lingxyiz dih cungj cietyoz ginva dih gaiqniemh, lij cij caeuq hingzwzsangyoz dox doiqdingj dih seiqgyaiqgvanh caeuq fuengfaplun.

Bienhcingqfap miz sam cungj lizsij hingzsik: gujdaih bujsoq dih bienhcingqfap、veizsim bienhcingqfap caeuq veizvuz bienhcingqfap.
Dah Amazon

**Dah Yamajsenhoz**（Vah Buzdauzyaz：Rio Amazonas；Vah Sihbanhyaz：Río Amazonas, youq Nanzmeijcouh, youq sojmiz dah cungqgyang liuzlieng liuzyiz ceiq hung, dahnga ceiq lai, raezdinj deih ngeih. 

Gij liuzlieng Dah Ahmajsen miz 219000 leabfuengmaex moix miux, dwg Dah Nizlozhoz, Dahcangzgyangh gya Dah Mizsihsihbijhoz geij boix lai, ciemq seiqgyaiq dah liuzlieng 20%. Liuzyij gijgvangj 6915000 bingzfueng goengleix, ciem Nanzmeijcouh 40%, dahnga soqliengh mauhgvaq 1 fanh 5 cien diuz.
Caenleix

**Caenleix** (Vahgun: 真理) dwg ndaw fanveiz raeuz soj rox, maenz yawhrau yenyiengq dih ceiq sang dih swyenz gveihliz, haehdungj lijlun lozgiz gak fouxfap cwngqmingz.
Simlingz

**Simlingz** (心灵), youz seiveiz, eiqci caeuq geiq'eiq caueq siengjyiengq cau bae dih lijci caeuq eiqseiq caengzmienh.
Doengnamzya guekgya lenzmungz

**Doengnamzya guekgya lenzmungz**, lij heuh Doengnamzya hozcoz cujciz, dwg lenzhoz Doengnamzya guekgya dih gozci cujciz. Yawhdingh Doengmungz gungdoengzdji youq 2015 nienz laebbaenz.
Cigminzcujyi

Aen guekgya mauhgvaq henzgyaiq faenh de, leabbaenz cigminzdi hoh hingzcwng fuksoj gigou, ietraez cujgenz haeuj baihrog bae.
Marilyn Monroe

**Marilyn Monroe**, lij heuh **'Majlilenz Munglu**(瑪麗蓮·夢露) dwg boux canghheiq mehmbwk ceiq mizmingz youq Meijgoz 20 sigij ndeu. Ndang de miz 166.4 leizmeix sang. 1946 nienz codaeuz de guh mozdwz. 1956 nienz codaeuz yenj cawjgiek. 1959 nienz aenvih yenj 《Lumj feiz Yiedcingz》（熱情如火） ndaej Ciengj　Gimgiuz. 

## Vwnzyen doxgven
Tim Berners-Lee

**Tim Berners-Lee**（1955 nienz 6 nyied 8 hauh - ）, Yinghgoz vuzlijyozgya、geiqsuenqgi gohyozgya caeuq MIT gyausou. De fatmingz le World Wide Web, youq 1989 nienz 3 nyied. 1990 nienz 12 nyied 25 hauh, youq laj Robert Cailliau caeuq, de doihingz baenz lenzciep HTTP cujgih caeuq fuzvugi, doenggvaq Internet.
Avicenna

**Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Sīnā** (Vah Bohsih: ابو علی حسین بن عبدالله بن سینا‎ — Abū ‘Alī Husein ibn ‘Abdallāh ibn Sīnā), Bohswh gohyozgya.
Hoenz

**Hoenz**, lij heuh hoenzvunz. Haujlai cungj coenggyau cungj nyinhnaeuz, hoenz youq ndaw ndang, maenz cawjcaij gyoengqvunz. Mboujdoengz coenggyau doiq hoenz miz mboujdoengz gejnaeuz.
Voltaire

**François-Marie Arouet**, bitmingz **Voltaire**, dwg boux cozgya、lizsijyozgya、cwzyozgya youq seizdaih buqmoengz Fazgoz ndeu. De sij le haujlai gij saw cujcangh gunghminz swyouz (baengzdaengz coenggyau swyouz caueq swyouz gaicawx), ndigah mizmingz raeuh.

Voltaire sij gij saw haujlai, baengzdaengz sawheiq、seigo、sawcuenh、sanjfeanz, caiqlij miz gij cucoz lizsij caeuq gohyoz. De sij saenq lai gvaq 2 fanh bien, saw lai gvaq 2000 bonj. De daemxcengj gaijgwz sevei.
Vuzcwngfujcujyi

**Vuzcwngfujcujyi** (anarchism) dih muzdih dwg daezswng bonjfaenh swyouz, feiqcawz sojmiz cengfuj guenjlij gihgou. Vuzcwngfujcujyi baengzdaengz haujlai cungj cwnzyoz daejhaeh caeuq sevei yindung saedgen.
Sausenhdui

**Cunghgoz Saunienz Senhfunghdui** (中国少年先锋队), youq 1949 nienz 10 nyied 13 hauh laebbaenz. De youz Cunghgoz Gungcanjdangj laeb.
Cunghvaz Cenzgoz Cungjgunghvei

**Cunghvaz Cenzgoz Cungjgunghvei**（中华全国总工会） dwg Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz guenfuengh gunghvei lenzhozvei, mbouj dwg gozci gunghvei lenzmungz veiyenz. Gawq 《Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz gunghveifaz》 caeuq 《Cunghgoz gunghvei ciengcwngz》, Cunghvaz Cenzgoz Cungjgunghvei dazyinx deihfuengh gunghvei caeuq canjyez gunghvei; laj de miz 31 aen sengj mbaek gunghvei caeuq geij aen cenzgoz canjyez gunghvei cungjvei. Cenzcungj dwg Cunghgoz Yinzminz Cwngci Hezsangh Veiyi donzdij.
Cunghgoz Gungcanjcujyi Cinghnenzdonz

**[[Cunghgoz]] Gungcanjcujyi Cinghnenzdonz** () youq 1922 nienz 5 nyied laebbaenz. Cunghgoz Gungcanjcujyi Cinghnenzdonz donzcieng: Cunghgoz Gungcinghdonz dwg daengxgyoengq hauxseng youq sizgen cungh hag gungcanjcujyi dih hagdangz.
Cunghgoz Gungcanjdangj

**Cunghgoz Gungcanjdangj** (Sawgun: 中国共产党) youq 1921 nienz 7 nyied youq Sanghaij laebbaenz, 1949 nienz daengz seizneix dwg Cunghgoz caepcwngdangj, youq Cunghgoz sizhingz Yinzminz minzcuj ciencwng.
Cunghgoz Yinzminz Cwngci Hezsangh Veiyi

**Cunghgoz Yinzminz Cwngci Hezsangh Veiyi**（中国人民政治协商会议）dwg aen dohdangj hozcoz doengj'it cansen cujci, youz Cunghgoz Gungcanjdangj dazyinx. Laj de leab miz Cunghgoz Yinzminz Cwngci Hezsangh Veiyi Cenzgoz Veijyenzvei caeuq gak aen difangh veijyenzvei. Cunghgoz Yinzminz Cwngci Hezsangh Veiyi Cenzgoz Veijyenzvei Cangzvuz Veijyenzvei dwg cangzswz gihgou, youz Cenzgoz Cwnghez Cujsiz、fouq cujsiz、misuhcangj caeuq cangvuz veijyenz cauxbaenz.
Veiz Bazginz

**Veiz Bazginz** (Sawgun: 韦拔群; 拼音: Wéi Báqún, 1894 nienz 2 nyied 6 hauh－1932 nienz 10 nyied 18 hauh) dwg vunz Dunghlanz, vunzcuengh, hungzginh cienglingj.Bouxcuengh. 1916 nienz gyahaeuj Hugoz cancwng, 1921 nienz baema diegseng dazyinx nungzminz yindung. 1926 nienz gyahaeuj Cunghgoz Gungcanjdangj, youq Gvangjsih dajyouzgiz. 1929 nienz loemj Dunghlanz. 1932 nienz 4 nyied deng gingjvei amqgaj.
Lij Caucoz

**Lij Caucoz**（李兆焯, 1944 nienz 9 nyied - ; vunzcuengh）, vunz Bingzgoj Gvangjsih, 1974 nienz gyahaeuj Cunghgoz Gungcanjdangj. Gaenq dwg Gvangjsih Bouxcuengh Swcigih cujsiz, Cenzgoz Cwnghez fouq cujsiz.
Dangz Daihcoeng

**Dangz Daihcoeng**（唐太宗, 599 nienz 1 nyied 23 hauh－649 nienz 7 nyied 10 hauh） dwg boux Dangzciuz vuengdaeq daih'ngeih. De bingzdingh Dou Gendwz、Vuengz Sicoeng liux laeng, hag sij faenzcieng. Doeklaeng youq Yienzvujmaenz anqgaj beixnuengx Lij Gencwngz caeuq Lij Yenzgiz, guhbaenz lwgdaih, mboujnanz Dang Gauhcuj dwng bik dawz vuengzvih hawj de. Siminz guh vuengzdaeq laeng, gaenxmaenh dingh gyoengq daihcaenz dih yigen, cawzcied faenbiek seblig, hawj Dangzciuz biengzbingz.
Huhbizlez

**Yenz Sicuj Huhbizlez**（元世祖忽必烈, Хубилай хаан）, vunz Mungzguj, lwg daih'seiq Dohlwiz. 1260 nienz 5 nyied 5 hauh youz mbangj coengvuengz caeuq daihcaenz cihciz guhbaenz Daihmungzgujgoz vuengzdaeq, danq miz mbangj vunz mbouj nyinh. 1271 nienz 12 nyied 18 hauh, Huhbizlez dawz gozhauh gaij bae Daihyenz, Yenzciuz cingqheiq laebbaenz.
Yinghlenzbangh

**Yinghlenzbangh**（Vah Yinghgoz: Commonwealth of Nations）dwg aen guekgya lenzhozdij, youz Yinghgoz cujdauj, youz 54 aen guekgya cauxbaenz. Cujciz yenzsouj dwg Elizabeth II.
Grenada

**Gwzlinznazdaz**（Grenada）, sihyindu ginzdauj guekgya. Gijgvangj de miz 344 bingzfueng goenghleix, vunz miz 9.3 fanh （1997 nienz）. De dwg Yinghlenzbangh veiyenzgoz. Soujduh dwg St. George's.
Veiz Gozcingh

**Veiz Gozcingh**（韦国清, 1913 nienz 9 nyied 2 hauh－1989 nienz 6 nyied 14 hauh） dwg Conghgoz Yinzminz Gaijfangginh haigoz sangcieng. 1929 nienz gyahaeuj Gungcinghdonz, 1931 nienz 2 nyied gyahaeuj Cunghgoz Gungcanjdangj. 1934 nienz cae hungzginh daihyoz doeg saw. 1934 nienz 10 nyied canhgya cangzcwngh. 

1949 nienz baenz Fuzcouh sicangj. 1950 nienz dang cap Yiednamz Minzcuj Gunghozgoz ginhswh guvwndonz donzcangj. 1958 nienz dang Gvangjsih Bouxcuengh Swcigih cujsiz.

## Baihrog lienzcanh
*Veiz Gozcingh Sangcieng Cawjguenj Guengjsae Ngeihcib Bi
Aiwjlanz Gunghozgoz

Oucouh guekgya. Oumungz veiyenzgoz. Youq Aiwjlanzdauj (baihsaebaek Oucouh), ciemq 5/6 gijgvangj Aiwjlanzdauj.

歐洲國家。歐盟會員國。󶷡愛爾蘭島（󳚬西北歐洲），佔5/6其廣愛爾蘭島。

## Lizsij
1922 nienz gaxgonq gvi Yinghgoz guenj. 1919 nienz cauxbaenz Aiwjlanz Yivei. 1937 nienz 12 nyied 29 hauh dingh yanfaz moq, gvidingh gozmingz dwg Aiwjlanz（Éire）. 1949 nienz 4 nyied doiq ok Yinghlenzbangh. 1955 nienz gyahaeuj Lenzhozgoz, 1973 nienz gyahaeuj Oucouh Gingci Gungdungzdij.
Yougyangh

**Yougyangh Gih**（右江区） dwg Cunghgoz Gvangjsih Bouxcuengh Swcigih Baksaek Si Siguenjgih. Gijgvangj dwg 3713 bingzfueng goengleix.
Batgak

**Batgak** dwg batgakveizyanghmoeg batgakveizyanghgoh batgaksug doenghgo. Mak de lij dwg cungj boiqliuh.
Dunghlanz

**Dunghlanz Yen**(Sawgun: 东兰县; 拼音: Dōnglán）gvi Cunghgoz Gvangjsih Bouxcuengh Swcigih Hozciz Si guenj. Gijgvangj dwg 2435 bingzfueng goengleix. Haeujvunz 85% dwg Bouxcuengh. Dunghlanz Yen miz 5 aen cen, 8 aen yiengh, 1 aen minzcuzyiengh. Veiz Gozcingh、Veiz Bazginz cungj dwg vunz Dunghlanz.
Menjden

**Menjden** dwg aen doengnamzya guekgya, youq saenamz dep Andazman Haij, youq saebaek caeuq Yindu、Moenghgyalah gapgaiq, doengbaek caeuq Cunghgoz gapgaiq, doengnamz dep Daigoz caeuq Lao. Dw dwg Doengnamzya guekgya lenzmungz veiyenzguek. Soujduh youq Nay Pyi Daw.
James Cook

Cangjruz **James Cook** dwg Yinghgoz damqyienjgya、hangzhaijgya, gaenq damqcaz gyae Daihbingzyangz baez sam, lij damqcaz lo lohhaenzhaij daihbingzyangz.
Gujbah

**Gujbah** dwg aen ginzdauj guekgya, youq baihbaek Gyalaegbeijhaij. Gujbah youq 1492 nienz 10 nyied deng Christopher Columbus fatyen.
Vunz Veizging

**Vunz Veizging** dwg Norse dih faencei, gyoengqde dwg coengz 8 sigi daengz 11 sigi hangzciemq Oucouh yanzhaij caeuq Yinghgoz daujyij dih damqyienjgya、vunzfoux、vunzsengeiq caeuq caeghaij.
Ganggoj Minzcuj Gunghozgoz

**Ganggoj Minzcuj Gunghozgoz** dwg aen Cungh Feicouh guekgya, soujduh dwg Kinshasa. Gijgvangq yiek miz 234.5 fanh bingzfueng goengleix, 1998 nienz haeujvunz miz 4920 fanh.
Le Corbusier

Fazgoz dih bouxguhranz. De seng youq Nyeiqswq, 1907 nienz daengz Budapest caeuq Bahliz hag daengj ranz. 1917 nienz youqdingh Bahliz, daj veh caeuq deuyaenq. 

1926 nienz daez ok hwnj ranz dih ngux diemj moq:
* youq baihlaj gaqhoengq;
* suenva gwnranz;
* seyouz bingzmienh;
* conghcueng raez vang;
* swyouz laebmienh.

Ranz de dajgauj:
* Bahliz rogsingz Savuzyi baetsuz;
* Bahliz Nyeiqswq hagseng ranzdoz;
* Majsai goengyiz daihlaeuz;
* Langzyangh gyaudangz;
* Yindu Chandigarh.
Yenzgyaucijcujyi

Mbangj coenggyau ginzdij sawqdoz baema yenzcug sinyangj dih yindung. Goengqde Nyinhnaeuz youq ciuhgyawj okyienh dih swyouzcujyi saenzyoz hawj sinyangj seiqsugva, bienliz le sinyangj dih bonjcaet. Vihneix gyoengde daezcang doiq gihbwnj sawging guh cihmienh gaijnaeuz, lij saenq gij gaijnaeuz wngdang deng yungh youq sevei、gingci、cwngci dengj gak aen fuengmienh.
Suhfeicujyi

Suhfeicujyi hoh Suhfeibaiq, dwg ra cingsaenz daezswng dih Yiswhlanz gyauqbaiq. Gyoengde nyinhnaeuz maenz youz minzsiengj caeuq daujsae daeuj ciep bungq Anlah.
Minzcuj

Minzcuj (民主), daibyauj youz yinzminz dungjci. Minzcuj baeznaengz deng gyoengqvunz caueq gvajdaeuz cwngci、dogcaiz dungjci doxbeij, youq laj cungj cidu ngeih neix, cwngci gienzleih caebcomz youq siujsoq vunz, mboujmiz minzcuj.
Ndaundeiqsauqbaet

**Ndaundeiqsauqbaet** dwg cungj denhdij, youz hengzsing vizrog haehdaengngoenz canz cauxbaenz. Ndaundeiqsauqbaet mbaeumbeng, cijmiz digiuz geij cien ik faen cih it caemq, doengciengz riengz lohmban humx daengngoenz baenqbyaij.
Conghndaem

Gawq gvangjyi yienghdoiqlun yawhyenz, youq ndawhoengq samgaiq miz meh cizlieng lai lai dih denhdij, heuhguh **Conghlaep**（Sawndip：**𰇍𮄻** 、 Sawgun：黑洞）, lij heuh **Conghndaem、hwzdung**. Cizlieng cuk caemh dih hwngzsing haedgawqbienq yienzliuh hauq liux couh bienqbaenz Conghlaep. De dih yinxligciengj cuk haenq, hawj rongh cungj mbouj ndaej biq. Youq Conghlaep seiqhenz dwg aen gaiqyawj, mbouj ndaej damqcaz.
Mou

**Mou** dwg cungj doenghduz. Yienjsaekdaej soqliengh miz 38 diuz. Gij saekbwn gyoengde miz cenzbieg、cenzhaek、vasaek dengjdengj. Faendingz mauhgvaq 400 cungj.
Cibcihginh doengcwngh

1096 nienz - 1291 nienz, youq laj lozmaj dencujgyau gyauvuengz baecinj, Saeyouh funghgen lingjcuj caeuq bouxgwih daj gij guekgya gyau'wnq. Gyahaeuj cancwng dih gyoengq bing raek cibcih, sojyij heuhguh cibcihginh.
Gizdoh vuengzciuz

**Gizdoh vuengzciuz** dwg aen Yindu digoz, 320 nienz leabbaenz. Gij seiz Canhdozlozgizdoh it'seiq dungjci, seizneix dih Bijhahwjbangh, baekfuengbangh, munggyalah cungj deng Gizdoh vuengzciuz ciemq.
Baknienz cancwng

**Baknienz cancwng** (Vah Yinghgoz: Hundred Years' War; Vah Fazgoz: Guerre de Cent Ans). 1337 nienz - 1453 nienz, Yinghgoz caeuq Fazgoz doxdaj.
Cinghdoengz seizdaih

**Cinghdoengz seizdaih**, aen vunzlai vwnzva fatcanj gaihduen. De dwg sam seizdaih haehdungj dih ciuh daih'ngeih. Youq cinghdoengz seizdaih, sawjyungh doengz、sik、yenz hozgim guhbaenz dih hung caeuq vujgi vwnz di.
Mingzci veizsaen

**Mingzci veizsaen** (Vah Nditbonj: 明治維新) ― Youq Nditbonj guh dih ciengj gaijgwz ndeu. Mingzci denvuengz senj soujduh daengz Gyangh'hu, cunghyangh cizgienz dungjci laebbaenz, lij gaijgwz le cidu naj. 1812 nienz saedhengz aen Hingzfaz, 1898 nienz laeb aen Minzfaz, 1899 nienz laeb aen Sanghfaz.
Vunz

Gyoeb cwng bouxsai, mehmbwk, bouxgeq, lwgnyez.
 
Youq lajmbwn vunz reauz ceiq coengmingz roxguh; rox doq hongdawzyungh daeuj guh hong; rox gangj vah; rox gag naemj.
Ream

Bouxsai roxnaeuz doenghduzboux, youq goek henz diuzviz, miz gaeq doxgaiq diuqvenj roengzdaeuj lumj aen daehnengq, ndaw de miz song aenluenxlulu haenx, heuhguh raem. 
Duzroeg, lumjnaeuz duzgaeq, duzbit, aenraem gyoengqde youq ndaw dungx.
Bya

Bya, goj heuhguh bo, dwg gwnz diegbingz sang daengj hwnj mbwn gij rin roxnaeuz namh hung baenz goengq haenx. 

Byanamh heuhguh ndoi.
Saen Saelanz

**Saen Saelanz** (Vahyinghgoz:New Zealand; Vahmauzleih:Aotearoa) youq baih saenamz Daihbingzyangz, dwg aen daujyij guekgya, liz Audaihleihya 1600 haijleij. Saen Saelanz miz ngeih aen dauj hung, dauj namz dep namzgizcouh, dauj baek dep Fiji caeuq Tanga, Vunz Saensaelanz heuh faenh gyoengde Kiwi.
Hoengjlungz

**Hoengjlungz** dwg cungj doenghduz gizlungz cunghsengdaih, caep youq gwn mboek, dungjci digiuz laigvaq 1 ik 6 cien fanh nienz. Hoengjlungz ceiq romh youq geiq samdap okyienh, youq geiq namhhaj dairaeg. 1861 nienz fatyienh roeggoengcoj, yienh'ok roeg caueq hoengjlungz dwg beixnuengx dingxlo.
Faex

**Faex**, dwg cungj doenghgo maj ndaej hungsang. Ndaej dawzdaeuj guh moegliuh haenx. Mwhgonq, Boux Cuengh rox aeu faex daeuj daengj ranz.
Ginghyiz

**Ginghyiz** dwg cungj doenghduz nyamhcij, miz ik 80 cungj. Miz seigingh caeuq cijgingh song aen faendingz.
Dahmbwn

**Dahmbwn** lij heuh dahhaij、lohnag, dwg aen singhaeh, haeh daengngoenz couh youq ndaw haeh dahmbwn. De youz 1000 - 4000 ik hwngzsing、geij cien aen singdonz caeuq fwj sing guh baenz, dwg aen singhaeh baenqluxsae, gij bak miz 100000 gvanghnienz lai, cungsim miz 6000 gvanghnienz lai na.
Gangsengsoq

**Gangsengsoq** dwg cungj yw, youz aen nengz canjseng hoh youz vunzlai habbaenz. Daeng yungh de yw youz gij nengz yinxhwnj dih bing.
Moscow

**Moscow** dwg si Ezlozswh.


Kremlin birds eye view-1.jpg|
RedSquare (pixinn.net).jpg|
Moscow Business Center 5073-84.jpg|
Trinitylavra.jpg|
Erwin Schrödinger

**Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schrödinger** (1887 nienz 8 nyied 12 hauh－1961 nienz 1 nyied 4 hauh), youq Wien Erdberg okseng, dai youq Wien. De dwg Audiliz lijlun vuzlijyozgya. 1933 nienz caeuq Dirac caez ndaej Nobel vuzlijyoz ciengj. De leabbeanz le bodoeng ligyoz.
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

**Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart** (1756 - 1791) dwg boux Daekgoz gujdenj yinhyoz cozgijgya, yienxcouqgya caeuq vadyinxgya. caebconz Gujdenjcujyi daihsingz, hai langhmanhcujyi cixhoz. De daengxheij sij le 41 aen bienhauh gauhyiengjgij, 35 aen ganggimz couqmingzgij, 10 aen siujdizgimz couqmingzgij, 16 sen yienzyoz seiqcungzcouq, 20 aen heiqfwen, 5 aen mizsa, 1 aen heiq cingciengq, caeuq 3 aen cantata.
Mesopotamia

**Mesopotamia**（Vah Ahlahboz：بلاد الرافدين，Vah Hilaz：Μεσοποταμία，Vah Yinghgoz：Mesopotamia) Guj Sihlaz hawz song dah liuzyiz dih mingz, eiqsei dwg gij dieg song diuz dah （Dah Euphrates caeuq Dah Tigris） liuz gvaq. Gonq 6000 nienz gij vunz dangdieg couq haihij yungh gvangai gisuz. Iek gonq 2900 nienz caux saw, guh baenz singzsi caeuq nungzyez sevei.
Yiuhrumz

**Yiuhrumz** lij heuh laemhvangz、ruemh、yiuhsa、cijyiuh, beij gij heiq yaemz, maenz ciq raq rumz ret.
Diemheiq

**Diemheiq** lij heuh doiqcaw、yauheiq、cuengqheiq、rauheiq、caeuheiq、diucaw、doqheiq、diemjcaw.
Gvangvuz

Gvangvuz dwg cungj gietginh caenhcinghvuz. Gyoeng gvangvuz guh baenz gij rin. Sigyingh、cangzsig、fuenggaijsig sungj dwg gvangvuz.
Daep

**Daep** dwg aen giguen, gij doenghduz gizlungz cungj miz daep. Deap cujyau caeuq vunz hai doeg, rom dangzyienz, habbaenz gyaeqhau.
Rin

**Rin** youz gvangvuz guhbaenz.

Rin dwg gwnz namh laj namh doengh gij doxgaiq giet baenz ndaek genggyaenggyaeng youh mbouj dwg gimsug haenx, aen digiuz youz de giet baen.
Banjgaiq goucauxlun

**Banjgaiq goucauxlun** nyinhnaeuz gien rin gwnz giuznamh youz bangaiq guhbaenz, giuznamh baenzaen miz 6 aen bangaiq. Gij vih haijyangz caeuq dieghawq bienq mboujduenh.
Kālidāsa

**Kālidāsa** dwg boux Yindu bouxsijheiq caeuq bouxguhsei, yungh Vahfan sij saw. Saw daibyauj: 《Abhijñānaśākuntalam》.
Jacques Cartier

**Jacques Cartier** (1491 nienz 12 nyied 21 hauh – 1557 nienz 9 nyied 1 hauh), Fazgoz danqyiemjgya, dwg de ra raen Gyanazdaih. De youq ndaw vunz oucouh baez daih'it veh ok daeuj fuk diduz diduz gungxdah Saint Lawrence.
Neil Armstrong

**Neil Alden Armstrong** (1930 nienz 8 nyied 5 hauh - ）, Meijgoz yijhangyenz, saeqfeihyenz, haijgih feihyingzyenz caeuq daihyoz gyausou. Armstrong youq 1969 nienz 7 nyied 21 hauh daengh hwnj Giuzndwen.
Dujwjgiz

**Dujwjgiz** (Vah Dujwjgiz: *Türkiye*), mingz guenfueng heuhguh **Dujwjgiz Gunghozgoz**（Vah Dujwjgiz：*Türkiye Cumhuriyeti*), dwg aen guekgya, hamj gvaq Yacouh, caeuq Ouhcouh. Soujduh de dwg Ankara.

## Lizsij

## Deihleix

## Ginghci

## Gyaeujvunz

## Buenyungh


## Canhgauj swhliu

## Baihrog Lienzcanh

*