Àkójọ àwọn ilẹ̀ ọbalúayé títóbijùlọ

## Awon ile obaluaye titobijulo gege bi iposi ile won
For context, note that the total land area of the Earth is 148.94 million km2.

### All empires at their greatest extent
# British Empire - 33 million km2 (1922)
# Mongol Empire - 29 million km2 (1270 or 1309)
# French Colonial Empire - 24.0 million km2 (1534-1980)
# Russian Empire - 23.7 million km2 (1866)
# Spanish Empire - 20.0 million km2 (ca. 1740-1790)
# Qing Empire, China - 14.7 million km2 (1790)
# Yuan Dynasty - 14.0 million km2 (1310)
# Umayyad Caliphate - 13.0 million km2 (720 or 750)
# Abbasid Caliphate - 11.1 million km2 (750)
# Portuguese Empire - 10.4 million km2 (1815)
# United States of America - 9.8 million km2 (1899)
# Empire of Brazil - 8.5 million km2 (1880)
# Achaemenid Empire, Persia - 8.0 million km2 (480 BC)
# Japanese Empire - 7.4 million km2 (1942)
# Rashidun Caliphate - 6.7 million km2 (661)
# Roman Empire - 6.5 million km2 (117)
# Han Empire, China - 6.5 million km2 (100)
# Ming Empire, China - 6.5 million km2 (1450)
# Göktürk Khaganate - 6.0 million km2 (557)
# Golden Horde Khanate - 6.0 million km2 (1310)
# Uyghur Khaganate - 5.5 million km2 (800)
# Tang Empire, China - 5.4 million km2 (715)
# Macedonian Empire - 5.2 million km2 (323 BC)
# Ottoman Empire - 5.2 million km2 (1683, 1829 or 1850)
# Fatimid Caliphate - 5.1 million km2 (969)
# Maurya Empire, India - 5.0 million km2 (250 BC)
# Northern Yuan Dynasty (Oirats), Mongolia - 5.0 million km2 (1550)
# Xin Dynasty, China - 4.7 million km2 (10)
# Tufan (Tibet) Empire - 4.6 million km2 (800)
# Pala Empire, India - 4.6 million km2 (850)
# Timurid Empire - 4.6 million km2 (1405) 
# Mughal Empire, India - 4.6 million km2 (1690)
# First Mexican Empire - 4.4 million km2 (1822)
# Xiongnu Empire - 4.03 million km2 (176 BC)
# Hunnic Empire - 4.0 million km2 (441)
# Hepthalite Khanate (White Huns), India - 4.0 million km2 (490)
# Eastern Turks Khanate - 4.0 million km2 (624)
# Afsharid Dynasty, Persia - 4.0 million km2 (1747)
# Western Turks Khanate- 4.0 million km2 (630)
# Rouran Khaganate (Juan-juan) - 4.0 million km2 (AD 405) 
# Seleucid Empire - 3.9 million km2 (301 BC)
# Great Seljuq Empire - 3.9 million km2 (1080)
# Italian Empire - 3.8 million km2 (1940)
# Kushan Empire, India- 3.8 million km2 (200)
# Ilkhanate - 3.75 million km2 (1310)
# Dutch Empire - 3.7 million km2(1940)   
# Chola Dynasty, India - 3.6 million km2 (1050)
# Khwarazmian Empire - 3.6 million km2 (1218)
# Nazi Germany - 3.6 million km2 (1942)
# Sassanid Empire, Persia - 3.5 million km2 (620)
# Gupta Empire, India - 3.5 million km2 (400)
# Chagatai Khanate - 3.5 million km2 (1310 or 1350)     
# Safavid Dynasty, Persia - 3.5 million km2 (1512)
# German Empire - 3.5 million km2 (1914)
# Western Jin Dynasty, China - 3.5 million km2 (300)
# Shaybanid (Uzbek) Dynasty - 3.5 million km2 (1510)
# Justinian Dynasty (Byzantine Empire) - 3.5 million km2 (555)
# Song Dynasty (Northern Song), China - 3.5 million km2 (1100)
# Ghaznavid Empire, Persia - 3.4 million km2 (1029)
# First French Colonial Empire - 3.4 million km2 (1670)
# Almoravid Caliphate - 3.3 million km2 (1147)
# Tughlaq Dynasty, India- 3.2 million km2 (1320)
# Ghurids Sultanate, Persia - 3.2 million km2 (1200)
# Sui Dynasty, China - 3.1 million km2 (610)
# Khazar Khanate  - 3.0 million km2 (850)
# Kalmar Union - 3.0 million km2 (1397)
# Kievan Rus' - 3.0 million km2 (1050)
# Kara-Khanid Khanate - 3.0 million km2 (1025)
# Qajar Dynasty, Persia- 3.0 million km2 (1796)
# Danish colonial empire - 3.0 million km2 (1800)
# Grand Duchy of Moscow - 3.0 million km2 (1505)
# Samanid Dynasty, Persia - 2.85 million km2 (928)
# Median Empire - 2.8 million km2 (585 BC)
# Qin Dynasty, China - 2.8 million km2 (206 BC)
# Parthian Empire - 2.8 million km2 (1)
# Eastern Jin Dynasty, China - 2.8 million km2 (347)
# Liu Song Dynasty, China - 2.8 million km2 (420)
# Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) - 2.8 million km2 (450)
# Khilji Dynasty, India - 2.7 million km2 (1312 or 1320)
# Ayyubid Caliphate - 2.7 million km2 (1190)
# Majapahit Empire (Indonesia) - 2.7 million km2 (1389)
# Liao Dynasty, China - 2.6 million km2 (947)
# Indo-Greek (Yavana) Kingdom,India - 2.5 million km2 (150 BC)
# Bactrian Empire - 2.5 million km2 (184 BC)
# Later Zhao Dynasty, China - 2.5 million km2 (329)
# Maratha Empire, India - 2.5 million km2 (1760)
# Belgian Empire - 2.5 million km2 (1914)
# Kara-Khitan Khanate (Western Liao) - 2.5 million km2 (1210)
# Jin Dynasty (Jurchen), China - 2.3 million km2 (1126)
# Southern Qi Dynasty, China - 2.3 million km2 (502)
# Southern Song Dynasty, China - 2.1 million km2 (1127)
# Bahriyya Mamluks, Egypt - 2.1 million km2 (1300)
# Burjiyya Mamluks, Egypt - 2.1 million km2 (1400)
# First French Empire - 2.1 million km2 (1813)
# Wei Dynasty, China - 2.0 million km2 (263)
# Earlier Zhao Dynasty, China - 2.0 million km2 (316)
# Former Qin Dynasty, China - 2.0 million km2 (376)
# Western Roman Empire - 2.0 million km2 (395)
# Northern Wei Dynasty, China - 2.0 million km2 (450)
# Saffarid Dynasty, Persia - 2.0 million km2 (900) 
# Almohad Caliphate - 2.0 million km2 (1200)
# Satavahana Dynasty (Salivahana), India  - 2.0 million km2 (90 AD)
# Karkota Dynasty (Kashmir), India - 2.0 million km2 (750)
# Inca Empire - 2.0 million km2 (1527)
# Gurjara Pratihara Dynasty, India - 1.8 million km2 (860)
# Sibir Khanate - 1.8 million km2 (1520)
# Rashtrakuta Dynasty, India - 1.7 million km2 (805)
# Buyid Sultanate, Persia - 1.6 million km2 (980)
# Mamluk Sultanate, India - 1.6 million km2 (1228)
# Indo-Parthians (Pahalvas) Kingdom, India - 1.5 million km2 (AD 50)
# Wu Dynasty, China- 1.5 million km2 (221)
# Northern Zhou Dynasty, China  - 1.5 million km2 (577)
# Nanda Dynasty, India - 1.5 million km2 (350 or 321 BC)
# Indo-Scythians (Shaka) Kingdom, India - 1.5 million km2 (BC 100)
# Tulunids Emirate - 1.5 million km2 (900)
# Idrisid Dynasty, Morocco - 1.5 million km2 (828)
# Suri Dynasty, India  - 1.5 million km2 (1545 AD)
# Neo-Assyrian Empire - 1.4 million km2 (670 BC)
# Songhai Empire - 1.4 million km2 (1500)
# Macedonian Dynasty (Byzantine Empire) - 1.35 million km2 (1025)
# Harsha Empire (Pusyabhutis), India  - 1.35 million km2 (625 or 648)
# Liang Dynasty, China - 1.3 million km2 (502 or 549)
# Western Wei Dynasty, China - 1.3 million km2 (557)
# Later Liang Dynasty, China- 1.3 million km2 (923)
# Later Tang Dynasty, China - 1.3 million km2 (923)
# Mali Empire - 1.29 million km2 (1312)
# Shang Dynasty, China - 1.25 million km2 (1122 BC)
# Western Zhou Dynasty, China - 1.25 million km2 (1122 BC)
# Aksumite Empire - 1.25 million km2 (350)  
# Carolingian Dynasty, Francia - 1.2 million km2 (814)
# Polish-Lithuanian Empire - 1.2 million km2 (1650)
# Srivijaya Empire - 1.2 million km2 (1200)
# Sunga Empire, India - 1.2 million km2 (BC 150)
# Kingdom of Kush (Meroë) (25th Dynasty), Sudan - 1.2 million km2 (BC 700) 
# Thai Empire (Siam Empire) - 1.12 million km2 (1782)
# Chalukya Dynasty, India - 1.1 million km2 (636) 
# Swedish Empire - 1.1 million km2 (1658)
# Lodhi Dynasty, India  - 1.1 million km2 (1517)
# 18th Dynasty, Egypt - 1.0 million km2 (1450 BC)
# New Kingdom in Egypt - 1.0 million km2 (1300 BC)
# Ptolemaic Dynasty, Egypt - 1.0 million km2 (301 BC)
# Eastern Wei Dynasty, China  - 1.0 million km2 (550)
# Northern Qi Dynasty, China - 1.0 million km2 (550)
# Tahirid Dynasty, Persia - 1.0 million km2 (800)
# Kalachuri Dynasty, India - 1.0 million km2 (1050)
# Holy Roman Empire - 1.0 million km2 (1050)
# Western Xia Dynasty (Tangut), China- 1.0 million km2 (1100)
# Western Chalukya Empire, India - 1.0 million km2 (1121)
# Khmer Empire - 1.0 million km2 (1290)
# Avars Empire - 1.0 million km2 (600)
# Kanem Empire, Chad - 1.0 million km2 (1200)
# Maha-Meghavahana Dynasty, India- 0.9  million km2 (10 BC)
# Konbaung Dynasty, Burma - 0.9 million km2 (1800 AD)
# Volga Bulgars Khanate - 0.9 million km2 (1100)
# Akkadian Empire - 0.8 million km2 (2250 BC)
# Later Jin Dynasty, China - 0.8 million km2 (936)
# Ghana Empire - 0.8 million km2 (1067)
# Pagan Kingdom (Bagan), Burma - 0.8 million km2 (1200)
# Western Satraps Dynasty, India - 0.8 million km2 (100)
# Himyarite Kingdom, Yemen - 0.8  million km2 (400 AD)
# Balhae Kingdom, Korea - 0.8 million km2 (830)
# Khanate of Kazan - 0.7 million km2 (1540)
# Merovingian Dynasty, Francia - 0.7 million km2 (558)
# Bulgarian Empire - 0.7 million km2 (900)
# Shu Dynasty, China- 0.7 million km2 (221)
# Yadava (Gauli) Kingdom, India- 0.7 million km2 (1250)
# Paramara Dynasty , India - 0.7 million km2 (1050)
# Kingdom of Dali (Hou li),China - 0.7 million km2 (1200)
# Vijayanagara (Tuluvas) Empire, India- 0.7 million km2 (1529)
# Kingdom of Nanzhao, China - 0.7 million km2 (830)
# Austro-Hungarian Empire - 0.676615 million km2
# 15th Dynasty (Hyksos), Egypt - 0.65 million km2 (1650 BC)
# 26th Dynasty, Egypt- 0.65 million km2 (550 BC)
# Vakataka Kingdom, India   - 0.65 million km2 (450 AD)
# Visigoths Kingdom - 0.6 million km2 (580)
# Caliphate of Córdoba - 0.6 million km2 (1000)
# Rai Dynasty (Chachas) (Sindh) ,India  - 0.6 million km2 (675 AD)
# Maukhari (Kannauj) Dynasty, India - 0.6 million km2 (600 AD)
# Bahmani Sultanate, India - 0.6 million km2 (1470 AD)
# Nizams Dynasty, India - 0.6 million km2 (1740 AD)
# Sikh Empire, India - 0.5609 million km2 (1845)
# Middle Kingdom, Egypt - 0.5 million km2 (1850 BC)
# Lydian Empire - 0.5 million km2 (585 BC)
# Neo-Babylonian Empire - 0.5 million km2 (562 BC)
# Kosala Dynasty, India - 0.5 million km2 (543 BC)
# Shishunaga Dynasty,India- 0.5 million km2 (510 BC)
# Chu Dynasty, China - 0.5 million km2 (350 BC)
# Pandyan Dynasty, India - 0.5 million km2 (1251)
# Later Han Dynasty, China - 0.5 million km2 (947)
# Kangju Empire (Transoxiana)  - 0.5 million km2 (100 BC)
# Ostrogothic Kingdom- 0.5 million km2 (510 AD)
# Goguryeo Kingdom, Korea - 0.45 million km2 (476)
# Xia Dynasty, China  (bassed on the hypothesis that prehistorical cities of Erlitou culture were once united) - 0.45 million km2 (1800 BC)
# New Kingdom, Hittite - 0.45 million km2 (1250 or 1220 BC)
# Crimean Khanate - 0.4 million km2 (1500)
# Armenian Empire - 0.4 million km2 (83 BC)
# Old Kingdom, Egypt - 0.4 million km2 (2400 BC)
# Middle Kingdom, Assyria (under Tiglath-Pileser I) - 0.4 million km2 (1080 BC)
# Latin Empire - 0.35 million km2 (1204)
# Harappan Empire, India- 0.3 million km2 (1800 BC)
# Mitanni Empire  - 0.3 million km2 (1450 BC)
# Carthaginian Empire - 0.3 million km2 (220 BC)
# Palailogan Dynasty (Byzantine Empire) - 0.3 million km2 (1300)
# 1st Dynasty, Babylon - 0.25 million km2 (1690 BC)
# Serbian Empire - 0.25 million km2 (1350)
# Aztec Empire - 0.22 million km2 (1520)
# Middle Elamite - 0.2 million km2 (1160 BC)
# 2nd Dynasty, Isin - 0.2 million km2 (1130 BC)
# Urartu Empire - 0.2 million km2 (800 BC)
# Phrygian Dynasty - 0.2 million km2 (750 BC)
# Old Kingdom, Assyria - 0.15 million km2 (1730 BC)
# Eastern Zhou Dynasty, China - 0.15 million km2 (770 BC)

### Record-breaking empires
These are empires that reached record-breaking sizes in their time, each one having a larger landmass than (or equal to) the previous record-holding empire before it.

* Akkadian Empire - 0.8 million km2 (2250 BC)
* New Kingdom of Egypt (Eighteenth Dynasty) - 1.0 million km2 (1450 BC)
* Shang Dynasty of China - 1.25 million km2 (1122 BC)
* Western Zhou Dynasty of China - 1.25 million km2 (1122 BC)
* Neo-Assyrian Empire - 1.4 million km2 (670 BC) 
* Median Empire - 2.8 million km2 (585 BC)
* Achaemenid Empire - 8.0 million km2 (480 BC)
* Umayyad Caliphate - 13.0 million km2 (720 or 750 AD)
* Mongol Empire - 33.0 million km2 (1270 or 1309)
* British Empire - 33.67 million km2 (1922)

### By era
#### [[Ancient history|Ancient]] empires
[250px|thumb|right|[Achaemenid Empire at its greatest extent.]]
[250px|thumb|right|[Roman Empire at its greatest extent.]]
[thumb|250px|[Han Dynasty]]
[250px|thumb|right|[Macedon#Empire|Macedonian Empire at its greatest extent.]]
[250px|thumb|right|[Maurya Empire at its greatest extent.]]

# Achaemenid Empire - 8.0 million km2 (480 BC)
# Han Empire, China - 6.5 million km2 (AD 100)
# Roman Empire - 6.5 million km2 (AD 117)
# Macedonian Empire - 5.2 million km2 (323 BC)
# Maurya Empire, India - 5.0 million km2 (250 BC)
# Xin Dynasty, China - 4.7 million km2 (AD 10)
# Xiongnu Empire - 4.03 million km2 (176 BC)
# Hunnic Empire - 4.0 million km2 (AD 441)
# Hapthalite Khanate (White Huns), India  - 4.0  million km2 (AD 490)
# Rouran Khaganate (Juan-juan) - 4.0 million km2 (AD 405)
# Seleucid Empire - 3.9 million km2 (301 BC)
# Kushan Empire, India - 3.8 million km2 (AD 200)
# Sassanid Empire - 3.5 million km2 (AD 450)
# Gupta Empire, India - 3.5 million km2 (AD 400)
# Western Jin Dynasty, China - 3.5 million km2 (AD 300)
# Median Empire - 2.8 million km2 (585 BC)
# Qin Dynasty, China  - 2.8 million km2 (206 BC)
# Parthian Empire - 2.8 million km2 (AD 1)
# Eastern Jin Dynasty, China - 2.8 million km2 (AD 347)
# Liu Song Dynasty, China - 2.8 million km2 (AD 420)
# Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) - 2.8 million km2 (AD 450)
# Indo-Greek (Yavana) Kingdom, India - 2.5 million km2 (150 BC)
# Bactrian Empire - 2.5 million km2 (184 BC)
# Later Zhao Dynasty, China - 2.5 million km2 (329)
# Northern Wei Dynasty, China - 2.2 million km2 (AD 450)
# Wei Dynasty, China - 2.0 million km2 (AD 263)
# Former Qin Dynasty, China - 2.0 million km2 (AD 376)
# Western Roman Empire - 2.0 million km2 (AD 395)
# Earlier Zhao Dynasty, China - 2.0 million km2 (316)
# Satavahana Empire (Salivahana), India - 2.0 million km2 (AD 90)
# Indo-Parthians (Pahalvas) Kingdom , India - 1.5 million km2 (AD 50)
# Wu Dynasty, China - 1.5 million km2 (AD 221)
# Indo-Scythians (Shaka) Kingdom, India - 1.5 million km2 (BC 100)
# Nanda Dynasty, India - 1.5 million km2 (350 or 321 BC) 
# Neo-Assyrian Empire - 1.4 million km2 (670 BC) 
# Shang Dynasty, China - 1.25 million km2 (1122 BC)
# Western Zhou Dynasty, China - 1.25 million km2 (1122 BC)
# Aksumite Empire - 1.25 million km2 (AD 350)
# Sunga Empire, India - 1.2 million km2 (BC 150)
# Kingdom of Kush (Meroë) (25th Dynasty), Sudan - 1.2 million km2 (BC 700)  
# 18th Dynasty, Egypt - 1.0 million km2 (1450 BC)
# New Kingdom in Egypt - 1.0 million km2 (1300 BC)
# Ptolemaic Empire, Egypt - 1.0 million km2 (301 BC)
# Maha-Meghavahana Dynasty, India - 0.9  million km2 (10 BC)
# Akkadian Empire - 0.8 million km2 (2250 BC)
# Western Satraps Dynasty, India - 0.8 million km2 (AD 100)
# Himyarite Kingdom, Yemen - 0.8  million km2 (400 AD)
# Shu Dynasty, China - 0.7 million km2 (221)
# 15th Dynasty (Hyksos), Egypt - 0.65 million km2 (1650 BC)
# Vakataka Kingdom, India - 0.65  million km2 (450 AD)
# 26th Dynasty, Egypt - 0.65 million km2 (550 BC)
# Middle Kingdom, Egypt - 0.5 million km2 (1850 BC)
# Lydian Empire - 0.5 million km2 (585 BC)
# Neo-Babylonian Empire - 0.5 million km2 (562 BC)
# Kosala Dynasty, India - 0.5 million km2 (543 BC)
# Shishunaga Dynasty, India - 0.5 million km2 (510 BC)
# Chu Dynasty, China - 0.5 million km2 (350 BC)
# Kangju Empire (Transoxiana)  - 0.5 million km2 (100 BC)
# Goguryeo Kingdom, Korea - 0.45 million km2 (476)
# Xia Dynasty, China (bassed on the hypothesis that prehistorical cities of Erlitou culture were once united) - 0.45 million km2 (1800 BC)
# New Kingdom, Hittite - 0.45 million km2 (1250 or 1220 BC)
# Armenian Empire - 0.4 million km2 (83 BC)  
# Old Kingdom, Egypt - 0.4 million km2 (2400 BC)
# Middle Kingdom, Assyria - 0.4 million km2 (1080 BC)
# Harappan Empire, India (based on the hypothesis that Indus Valley was once united) - 0.3 million km2 (1800 BC)
# Mitanni Dynasty - 0.3 million km2 (1450 BC)
# Carthaginian Empire - 0.3 million km2 (220 BC)
# 1st Dynasty, Babylon - 0.25 million km2 (1690 BC)
# Middle Elamite - 0.2 million km2 (1160 BC)
# 2nd Dynasty, Isin - 0.2 million km2 (1130 BC)
# Urartu Empire - 0.2 million km2 (800 BC)
# Phrygian Dynasty - 0.2 million km2 (750 BC)
# Old Kingdom, Assyria - 0.15 million km2 (1730 BC)
# Eastern Zhou Dynasty, China - 0.15 million km2 (770 BC)

#### [[Middle Ages|Medieval]] empires
[250px|thumb|right|[Mongol Empire at its greatest extent.]]
[250px|thumb|right|[Ming Empire at its greatest extent.]]
[thumb|250px|The expansion of the [Caliphate.   ]]
[thumb|250px|right|[Chola Empire under Rajendra Chola c. 1030 C.E.]] 
[250px|thumb|right|[Sassanid Empire at its greatest extent.]]

# Mongol Empire - 33.0 million km2 (1270 or 1309)
# Yuan Dynasty - 14.0 million km2 (1310)
# Umayyad Caliphate - 13.0 million km2 (720 or 750)
# Abbasid Caliphate - 11.1 million km2 (750)
# Rashidun Caliphate - 6.7 million km2 (661)
# Ming Empire, China - 6.5 million km2 (1450)
# Göktürk Khaganate - 6.0 million km2 (557)
# Golden Horde Khanate - 6.0 million km2 (1310)
# Uyghur Khaganate - 5.5 million km2 (800)
# Tang Empire, China - 5.4 million km2 (715)
# Fatimid Caliphate - 5.1 million km2 (969)
# Tufan (Tibet) Empire - 4.6 million km2 (800)
# Pala Empire, India - 4.6 million km2 (850)
# Timurid Empire - 4.6 million km2 (1405)     
# Eastern Turks Khanate - 4.0 million km2 (624)
# Western Turks Khanate - 4.0 million km2 (600)
# Great Seljuq Empire - 3.9 million km2 (1080)
# Ilkhanate - 3.75 million km2 (1310)
# Chola Dynasty, India - 3.6 million km2 (1050)
# Khwarazmian Empire - 3.6 million km2 (1218)
# Sassanid Empire - 3.5 million km2 (620)
# Chagatai Khanate - 3.5 million km2 (1310 or 1350)
# Justinian Dynasty (Byzantine Empire) - 3.5 million km2 (555)
# Northern Yuan Empire (Oirats), Mongolia - 3.5 million km2 (1400)
# Song Dynasty (Northern Song), China- 3.5 million km2 (1100)   
# Ghaznavid Empire, Persia - 3.4 million km2 (1029)
# Almoravid Caliphate - 3.3 million km2 (1147)
# Tughlaq Dynasty, India - 3.2 million km2 (1320)
# Ghurids Sultanate, Persia - 3.2 million km2 (1200)
# Sui Dynasty, China - 3.1 million km2 (610)
# Khazar Khanate - 3.0 million km2 (850)
# Kalmar Union - 3.0 million km2 (1397)
# Kievan Rus' - 3.0 million km2 (1050)
# Kara-Khanid Khanate - 3.0 million km2 (1025)
# Samanid Dynasty, Persia - 2.85 million km2 (928)
# Ayyubid Caliphate - 2.7 million km2 (1190)
# Majapahit Empire (Indonesia) - 2.7 million km2 (1389)
# Khilji Dynasty, India - 2.7 million km2 (1312 or 1320)
# Liao Dynasty, China - 2.6 million km2 (947)
# Kara-Khitan Khanate(Western Liao) - 2.5 million km2 (1210)
# Jin Dynasty(Jurchen), China) - 2.3 million km2 (1126)
# Southern Qi Dynasty, China - 2.3 million km2 (502)
# Southern Song Dynasty, China - 2.1 million km2 (1127)
# Bahriyya Mamluks, Egypt - 2.1 million km2 (1300)
# Burjiyya Mamluks, Egypt - 2.1 million km2 (1400)
# Saffarid Dynasty, Persia - 2.0 million km2 (900)
# Ottoman Empire - 2.0 million km2 (1480) 
# Almohad Caliphate - 2.0 million km2 (1200)
# Karkota Dynasty (Kashmir), India - 2.0 million km2 (750)
# Pratihara Dynasty, India - 1.8 million km2 (860)
# Rashtrakuta Dynasty, India - 1.7 million km2 (805) 
# Buyid Sultanate, Persia - 1.6 million km2 (980)
# Mamluk Sultanate, India - 1.6 million km2 (1228)
# Northern Zhou Dynasty, China - 1.5 million km2 (577)
# Tulunids Emirate - 1.5 million km2 (900)
# Idrisid Dynasty, Morocco  - 1.5 million km2 (828)
# Songhai Empire - 1.4 million km2 (1500)
# Macedonian Dynasty (Byzantine Empire) - 1.35 million km2 (1025)
# Harsha Empire (Pusyabhutis), India - 1.35 million km2 (625 or 648)
# Liang Dynasty, China - 1.3 million km2 (502 or 549)
# Western Wei Dynasty, China - 1.3 million km2 (557)
# Later Liang Dynasty, China - 1.3 million km2 (923)
# Later Tang Dynasty, China - 1.3 million km2 (923)
# Mali Empire - 1.29 million km2 (1312)
# Carolingian Dynasty, Francia - 1.2 million km2 (814)
# Srivijaya Empire - 1.2 million km2 (1200)
# Chalukya Dynasty, India - 1.1 million km2 (636) 
# Eastern Wei Dynasty, China - 1.0 million km2 (550)
# Northern Qi Dynasty, China - 1.0 million km2 (550)
# Tahirid Dynasty, Persia - 1.0 million km2 (800)
# Holy Roman Empire - 1.0 million km2 (1050)
# Western Xia Dynasty (Tangut), China  - 1.0 million km2 (1100)
# Western Chalukya Empire, India - 1.0 million km2 (1121)
# Khmer Empire - 1.0 million km2 (1290)
# Kalachuri Dynasty, India - 1.0 million km2 (1050)
# Avars Empire - 1.0 million km2 (600)
# Kanem Empire, Chad - 1.0 million km2 (1200)
# Volga Bulgars Khanate - 0.9 million km2 (1100)
# Later Jin Dynasty, China - 0.8 million km2 (936)
# Ghana Empire - 0.8 million km2 (1067)
# Pagan Kingdom (Bagan), Burma - 0.8 million km2 (1200)
# Balhae Kingdom, Korea - 0.8 million km2 (830)
# Merovingian Dynasty, Francia - 0.7 million km2 (558)
# Yadava (Gauli) Kingdom, India - 0.7 million km2 (1250)
# Bulgarian Empire - 0.7 million km2 (900)
# Paramara Dynasty, India - 0.7 million km2 (1050)
# Kingdom of Dali (Hou li), China - 0.7 million km2 (1200)
# Kingdom of Nanzhao, China - 0.7 million km2 (830)
# Visigoths Kingdom - 0.6 million km2 (580)
# Caliphate of Córdoba - 0.6 million km2 (1000)
# Rai Dynasty (Chachas) (Sindh), India  - 0.6 million km2 (675 AD)
# Maukhari (Kannauj) Dynasty, India - 0.6 million km2 (600 AD)
# Bahmani Sultanate, India - 0.6 million km2 (1470 AD)
# Later Han Dynasty, China - 0.5 million km2 (947)
# Pandyan Dynasty, India - 0.5 million km2 (1251)
# Ostrogothic Kingdom - 0.5 million km2 (510 AD)
# Latin Empire - 0.35 million km2 (1204)
# Palailogan Dynasty (Byzantine Empire)- 0.3 million km2 (1300)
# Serbian Empire - 0.25 million km2 (1350)

#### [[Modern period|Modern]] empires
[250px|thumb|right|[British Empire at its greatest extent.]]
[250px|thumb|right|[Russian Empire at its greatest extent.]]
[250px|thumb|right|[Spanish Empire at its greatest extent.]]
[250px|thumb|right|All territories and spheres of influence ever held by the [French colonial empire|French Empire]]
[250px|thumb|right|Anachronous map of the [Portuguese Empire.]]
[250px|thumb|right|[Qing Dynasty|Qing Empire at its greatest extent.]]
[250px|thumb|right|[Ottoman Empire territories acquired between 1300 and 1683.]]

# British Empire - 33.67 million km2 (1922)
# Russian Empire - 23.7 million km2 (1866)
   
# Spanish Empire - 20.0 million km2 (ca. 1740-1790)
# Qing Empire, China - 14.7 million km2 (1790)
# Second French Colonial Empire - 13 million km2 (1938)
# Portuguese Empire - 10.4 million km2 (1815)  
# Empire of Brazil - 8.5 million km2 (1880) 
# Japanese Empire - 7.4 million km2 (1942)
# Ottoman Empire - 5.2 million km2 (1683, 1829 or 1850)
# Northern Yuan Empire (Oirats), Mongolia - 5.0 million km2 (1550)
# Ming Empire, China - 5.0 million km2 (1540)
# Mughal Empire, India - 4.6 million km2 (1690)
# First Mexican Empire - 4.4 million km2 (1822)
# Afsharid Dynasty, Persia - 4.0 million km2 (1747)
# Italian Empire - 3.8 million km2 (1940)  
# Dutch Empire - 3.7 million km2(1940)   
# Nazi German Empire - 3.6 million km2 (1942)
# German Empire - 3.5 million km2 (1914)
# Safavid Dynasty, Persia - 3.5 million km2 (1512)
# Shaybanid (Uzbek) Dynasty - 3.5 million km2 (1510)
# First French Colonial Empire - 3.4 million km2 (1670)
# Danish colonial empire - 3.0 million km2 (1800)
# Qajar Dynasty, Persia - 3.0 million km2 (1796)
# Grand Duchy of Moscow - 3.0 million km2 (1505)
# Belgian Empire - 2.5 million km2 (1914)
# Maratha Empire, India - 2.5 million km2 (1760)
# First French Empire - 2.1 million km2 (1813)
# Inca Empire - 2.0 million km2 (1527)
# Sibir Khanate - 1.8 million km2 (1520)
# Suri Dynasty ,India - 1.5 million km2 (1545 AD)
# Polish-Lithuanian Empire - 1.2 million km2 (1650)
# Thai Empire (Siam Empire) - 1.12 million km2 (1782)
# Lodhi Dynasty, India - 1.1 million km2 (1517 AD)
# Swedish Empire - 1.1 million km2 (1658)
# Konbaung Dynasty, Burma - 0.9 million km2 (1800 AD)
# Khanate of Kazan - 0.7 million km2 (1540)
# Vijayanagara (Tuluvas) Empire, India - 0.7 million km2 (1529)
# Austro-Hungarian Empire - 0.676615 million km2
# Nizams Dynasty, India - 0.6 million km2 (1740 AD)
# Sikh Empire, India - 0.5609 million km2 (1845)
# Crimean Khanate - 0.4 million km2 (1500)
# Aztec Empire - 0.22 million km2 (1520)

### By type
#### [[Contiguous]] empires
# Mongol Empire - 33.0 million km2 (1270 or 1309)
# Russian Empire - 23.7 million km2 (1866)
# Qing Empire, China - 14.7 million km2 (1790)
# Yuan Khanate - 14.0 million km2 (1310)
# Umayyad Caliphate - 13.0 million km2 (720 or 750)
# Abbasid Caliphate - 11.1 million km2 (750)
# Empire of Brazil - 8.5 million km2 (1880)
# Achaemenid Empire, Persia - 8.0 million km2 (480 BC)
# Rashidun Caliphate - 6.7 million km2 (661)
# Han Empire, China - 6.5 million km2 (100)
# Ming Empire, China - 6.5 million km2 (1450)
# Göktürk Khaganate - 6.0 million km2 (557)
# Golden Horde Khanate - 6.0 million km2 (1310)
# Uyghur Khaganate - 5.5 million km2 (800)
# Tang Empire, China - 5.4 million km2 (715)
# Macedonian Empire - 5.2 million km2 (323 BC)
# Fatimid Caliphate - 5.1 million km2 (969)
# Maurya Empire, India - 5.0 million km2 (250 BC)
# Northern Yuan Empire (Oirats), Mongolia - 5.0 million km2 (1550)
# Xin Dynasty, China - 4.7 million km2 (10)
# Tufan (Tibet) Empire - 4.6 million km2 (800)
# Pala Empire, India - 4.6 million km2 (850)
# Timurid Empire - 4.6 million km2 (1405)     
# Mughal Empire, India - 4.6 million km2 (1690)
# First Mexican Empire  - 4.4 million km2 (1822)
# Xiongnu Empire - 4.03 million km2 (176 BC)
# Hunnic Empire - 4.0 million km2 (441)
# Hepthalite Khanate (White Huns), India  - 4.0 million km2 (490)
# Eastern Turks Khanate - 4.0 million km2 (624)
# Afsharid Dynasty, Persia - 4.0 million km2 (1747)
# Western Turks Khanate - 4.0 million km2 (630)
# Rouran Khaganate (Juan-juan) - 4.0 million km2 (405)
# Seleucid Empire - 3.9 million km2 (301 BC)
# Great Seljuq Empire - 3.9 million km2 (1080)
# Kushan Empire, India - 3.8 million km2 (200)
# Ilkhanate - 3.75 million km2 (1310)
# Khwarazmian Empire - 3.6 million km2 (1218)
# Nazi German Empire - 3.6 million km2 (1942)
# Sassanid Empire, Persia - 3.5 million km2 (620)
# Gupta Empire, India - 3.5 million km2 (400)
# Chagatai Khanate - 3.5 million km2 (1310 or 1350)     
# Safavid Dynasty , Persia - 3.5 million km2 (1512)
# Western Jin Dynasty, China - 3.5 million km2 (300)
# Shaybanid (Uzbek) Dynasty - 3.5 million km2 (1510)
# Song Dynasty (Northern Song), China- 3.5 million km2 (1100)
# Ghaznavid Empire, Persia - 3.4 million km2 (1029)
# Almoravid Caliphate - 3.3 million km2 (1147)
# Tughlaq Dynasty, India - 3.2 million km2 (1320)
# Ghurids Sultanate, Persia - 3.2 million km2 (1200)
# Sui Dynasty, China - 3.1 million km2 (610)
# Khazar Khanate  - 3.0 million km2 (850)
# Kievan Rus' - 3.0 million km2 (1050)
# Kara-Khanid Khanate - 3.0 million km2 (1025)
# Grand Duchy of Moscow - 3.0 million km2 (1505)
# Qajar Dynasty, Persia - 3.0 million km2 (1796)
# Samanid Dynasty, Persia - 2.85 million km2 (928)
# Median Empire - 2.8 million km2 (585 BC)
# Qin Dynasty, China  - 2.8 million km2 (206 BC)
# Parthian Empire - 2.8 million km2 (1)
# Eastern Jin Dynasty, China - 2.8 million km2 (347)
# Liu Song Dynasty, China - 2.8 million km2 (420)
# Khilji Dynasty, India - 2.7 million km2 (1312 or 1320)
# Ayyubid Caliphate - 2.7 million km2 (1190)
# Liao Dynasty, China - 2.6 million km2 (947)
# Indo-Greek (Yavana) Kingdom, India - 2.5 million km2 (150 BC)
# Bactrian Empire - 2.5 million km2 (184 BC)
# Later Zhao Dynasty, China - 2.5 million km2 (329)
# Maratha Empire, India - 2.5 million km2 (1760)
# Kara-Khitan Khanate (Western Liao) - 2.5 million km2 (1210)
# Jin Dynasty (Jurchen) China - 2.3 million km2 (1126)
# Southern Qi Dynasty, China - 2.3 million km2 (502)
# Southern Song Dynasty, China - 2.1 million km2 (1127)
# Bahriyya Mamluks, Egypt - 2.1 million km2 (1300)
# Burjiyya Mamluks, Egypt - 2.1 million km2 (1400)
# Wei Dynasty, China - 2.0 million km2 (263)
# Earlier Zhao Dynasty, China - 2.0 million km2 (316)
# Former Qin Dynasty, China - 2.0 million km2 (376)
# Western Roman Empire - 2.0 million km2 (395)
# Northern Wei Dynasty, China - 2.0 million km2 (450)
# Saffarid Dynasty, Persia - 2.0 million km2 (900) 
# Almohad Caliphate - 2.0 million km2 (1200)
# Inca Empire - 2.0 million km2 (1527)
# Karkota Dynasty (Kashmir), India - 2.0 million km2 (750)
# Satavahana Empire (Salivahana), India - 2.0 million km2 (90 AD)
# Pratihara Dynasty, India - 1.8 million km2 (860)
# Sibir Khanate - 1.8 million km2 (1520)
# Rashtrakuta Dynasty, India - 1.7 million km2 (805)
# Buyid Sultanate, Persia - 1.6 million km2 (980)
# Mamluk Sultanate, India - 1.6 million km2 (1228)
# Indo- Parthians (Pahalvas) Kingdom , India - 1.5 million km2 (AD 50)
# Wu Dynasty, China - 1.5 million km2 (221)
# Northern Zhou Dynasty, China - 1.5 million km2 (577)
# Nanda Dynasty, India - 1.5 million km2 (350 or 321 BC)
# Indo-Scythians (Shaka) Kingdom, India- 1.5 million km2 (BC 100)
# Tulunids Emirate - 1.5 million km2 (900)
# Idrisid Dynasty, Morocco - 1.5 million km2 (828)
# Suri Dynasty, India - 1.5 million km2 (1545 AD)
# Neo-Assyria - 1.4 million km2 (670 BC)
# Songhai Empire - 1.4 million km2 (1500)
# Macedonian Dynasty, Byzantine Empire - 1.35 million km2 (1025)
# Harsha Empire (Pusyabhutis), India  - 1.35 million km2 (625 or 648)
# Liang Dynasty, China - 1.3 million km2 (502 or 549)
# Western Wei Dynasty, China - 1.3 million km2 (557)
# Later Liang Dynasty, China - 1.3 million km2 (923)
# Later Tang Dynasty, China - 1.3 million km2 (923)
# Shang Dynasty, China - 1.25 million km2 (1122 BC)
# Western Zhou Dynasty, China - 1.25 million km2 (1122 BC)
# Axumite Empire - 1.25 million km2 (350)
# Polish-Lithuanian Empire - 1.2 million km2 (1650)  
# Carolingian Dynasty, Francia - 1.2 million km2 (814)
# Sunga Empire, India - 1.2 million km2 (BC 150)
# Kingdom of Kush (Meroë) (25th Dynasty), Sudan - 1.2 million km2 (BC 700)
# Mali Empire - 1.2 million km2 (1312)
# Thai Empire (Siam Empire) - 1.12 million km2 (1782)
# Chalukya Dynasty, India - 1.1 million km2 (636) 
# Lodhi Dynasty, India - 1.1 million km2 (1517 AD)
# 18th Dynasty, Egypt - 1.0 million km2 (1450 BC)
# 19th Dynasty, Egypt - 1.0 million km2 (1300 BC)
# Eastern Wei Dynasty, China - 1.0 million km2 (550)
# Northern Qi Dynasty, China - 1.0 million km2 (550)
# Tahirid Dynasty, Persia - 1.0 million km2 (800)
# Holy Roman Empire - 1.0 million km2 (1050)
# Kalachuri Dynasty, India - 1.0 million km2 (1050)
# Western Xia Dynasty (Tangut), China  - 1.0 million km2 (1100)
# Western Chalukya Dynasty, India - 1.0 million km2 (1121)
# Khmer Empire - 1.0 million km2 (1290)
# Avars Empire- 1.0 million km2 (600)
# Kanem Empire, Chad - 1.0 million km2 (1200)
# Volga Bulgars Khanate - 0.9 million km2 (1100)
# Maha-Meghavahana Dynasty, India- 0.9 million km2 (10 BC)
# Konbaung Dynasty, Burma - 0.9 million km2 (1800 AD)
# Akkadian Empire - 0.8 million km2 (2250 BC)
# Later Jin Dynasty, China - 0.8 million km2 (936)
# Ghana Empire - 0.8 million km2 (1067)
# Pagan Kingdom (Bagan), Burma - 0.8 million km2 (1200)
# Western Satraps Dynasty, India - 0.8 million km2 (100)
# Himyarite Kingdom, Yemen - 0.8  million km2 (400 AD)
# Balhae Kingdom, Korea - 0.8 million km2 (830)
# Khanate of Kazan - 0.7 million km2 (1540)
# Merovingian Dynasty, Francia - 0.7 million km2 (558)
# Bulgarian Empire - 0.7 million km2 (900)
# Shu Dynasty, China- 0.7 million km2 (221)
# Yadava (Gauli) Kingdom, India - 0.7 million km2 (1250)
# Paramara Dynasty ,India - 0.7 million km2 (1050)
# Kingdom of Dali (Hou li), China - 0.7 million km2 (1200)
# Vijayanagara (Tuluvas) Empire, India - 0.7 million km2 (1529)
# Kingdom of Nanzhao, China - 0.7 million km2 (830)
# Austro-Hungarian Empire - 0.676615 million km2 (1910)
# 15th Dynasty (Hyksos), Egypt - 0.65 million km2 (1650 BC)
# 26th Dynasty, Egypt - 0.65 million km2 (550 BC)
# Vakataka Kingdom, India - 0.65 million km2 (450 AD)
# Visigoths Kingdom - 0.6 million km2 (580)
# Caliphate of Córdoba - 0.6 million km2 (1000)
# Rai Dynasty (Chachas) (Sindh), India - 0.6 million km2 (675 AD)
# Maukhari (Kannauj) Dynasty ,India - 0.6 million km2 (600 AD)
# Bahmani Sultanate, India - 0.6 million km2 (1470 AD)
# Nizams Dynasty, India - 0.6 million km2 (1740 AD)
# Sikh Empire, India - 0.5609 million km2 (1845)
# Middle Kingdom, Egypt - 0.5 million km2 (1850 BC)
# Lydian Empire - 0.5 million km2 (585 BC)
# Neo-Babylonian Empire - 0.5 million km2 (562 BC)
# Kosala Dynasty, India - 0.5 million km2 (543 BC)
# Shishunaga Dynasty, India - 0.5 million km2 (510 BC)
# Chu Dynasty, China - 0.5 million km2 (350 BC)
# Pandyan Dynasty, India - 0.5 million km2 (1251)
# Later Han Dynasty, China - 0.5 million km2 (947)
# Kangju Empire (Transoxiana) - 0.5 million km2 (100 BC)
# Ostrogothic Kingdom - 0.5 million km2 (510 AD)
# Goguryeo Kingdom, Korea - 0.45 million km2 (476)
# Xia Dynasty, China (bassed on the hypothesis that prehistorical cities of Erlitou culture were once united) - 0.45 million km2 (1800 BC)
# New Kingdom, Hittite - 0.45 million km2 (1250 or 1220 BC)
# Crimean Khanate - 0.4 million km2 (1500)
# Old Kingdom, Egypt - 0.4 million km2 (2400 BC)
# Middle Kingdom, Assyria (under Tiglath-Pileser I) - 0.4 million km2 (1080 BC)
# Armenian Empire - 0.4 million km2 (83 BC)
# Latin Empire - 0.35 million km2 (1204)
# Harappan Empire, India - 0.3 million km2 (1800 BC)
# Mitanni Empire - 0.3 million km2 (1450 BC)
# Palailogan Dynasty (Byzantine Empire) - 0.3 million km2 (1300)
# 1st Dynasty, Babylon - 0.25 million km2 (1690 BC)
# Serbian Empire - 0.25 million km2 (1350)
# Aztec Empire - 0.22 million km2 (1520)
# Middle Elamite - 0.2 million km2 (1160 BC)
# 2nd Dynasty, Isin - 0.2 million km2 (1130 BC)
# Urartu Empire - 0.2 million km2 (800 BC)
# Phrygian Dynasty - 0.2 million km2 (750 BC)
# Old Kingdom, Assyria - 0.15 million km2 (1730 BC)
# Eastern Zhou Dynasty, China - 0.15 million km2 (770 BC)

#### Maritime empires
# British Empire - 33.67 million km2 (1922)
# Spanish Empire - 20.0 million km2 (ca. 1740-1790)
# Second French Colonial Empire - 12.3 million km2 (1938)
# Portuguese Empire  - 10.4 million km2 (1815)
# United States of America - 9.67 million km2 (1899)
# Japanese Empire - 7.4 million km2 (1942)
# Roman Empire - 6.5 million km2 (117)
# Ottoman Empire - 5.2 million km2 (1683, 1829 or 1850)
# Italian Empire - 3.8 million km2 (1940)  
# Dutch Empire - 3.7 million km2(1940)
# Chola Dynasty, India - 3.6 million km2 (1050)   
# German Empire - 3.5 million km2 (1914)
# Justinian Dynasty (Byzantine Empire) - 3.5 million km2 (555)
# First French Colonial Empire - 3.4 million km2 (1670)
# Kalmar Union - 3.0 million km2 (1397)
# Danish Colonial empire - 3.0 million km2 (1800)
# Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) - 2.8 million km2 (450)
# Majapahit Empire (Malaya) - 2.7 million km2 (1389)
# Belgian Empire - 2.5 million km2 (1914)
# First French Empire - 2.1 million km2 (1813)
# Srivijaya Empire - 1.2 million km2 (1200)
# Swedish Empire - 1.1 million km2 (1658)
# Ptolemaic Dynasty, Egypt - 1.0 million km2 (301 BC)
# Carthaginian Empire - 0.3 million km2 (220 BC)

## Largest empires by population
Population estimates are unknown for many other ancient empires not listed here.

### Population size
# British Empire - 531.3 million (in 1938)
# Qing Empire, China - 432.2 million in 1851.
# Russian Empire - 176.4 million in 1913
# Mughal Empire, India - 175.0 million in 1700
# Japanese Empire - 134.8 million in 1938
# Northern Song Dynasty, China - 123.0 million in 1103
# French Empire - 112.9 million in 1938
# Ming Empire, China - 110.0 million in 1600.
# Mongol Empire - 110.0 million (in the 13th century)
# Yuan Khanate - 86.0 million in 1290.
# Roman Empire - 80.0 million (in 2nd century AD)
# Sassanid Empire, Persia - 78.0 million (in the 7th century AD)
# Nazi German Empire - 75.4 million (in 1938)
# Han Empire, China - 74.0 million in 2
# Southern Song Dynasty, China - 73.0 million in 1193.
# Spanish Empire - 68.2 million
# German Empire - 64.9 million in 1914
# Eastern Han Empire, China - 64 million in 156
# Umayyad Caliphate - 62.0 million (in the 7th century)
# Dutch Empire - 60.0 million in 1940.
# Sui Dynasty, China - 53.0 million in 606
# Tang Empire, China - 53.0 million in 755
# Austro-Hungarian Empire - 52.8 million in 1914
# Italian Empire - 51.9 million in 1938
# Maurya Empire, India - 50.0 million in the 2nd century BC
# Achaemenid Empire - 49.4 million (in the 5th century BC)
# Jin Dynasty, China - 48.0 million in 1195.

### Percentage of world population
[250px|thumb|right|[Achaemenid Empire in the 5th century BC.]]

# Achaemenid Empire, Persia  - 44.0% (49.4 million out of 112.4 million in the 5th century BC/480 BC)
# Sassanid Empire, Persia - 37.1% (78.0 million out of 210 million in the 7th century AD)
# Qing Empire, China - 36.6% (381.0 million out of 1.041 billion in 1820)
# Roman Empire - 35.9% (80.0 million out of 223 million in the 2nd century AD)
# Maurya Empire, India - 33.3% (50.0 million out of 150 million in the 2nd century BC)
# Umayyad Caliphate - 29.5% (62.0 million out of 210 million in the 7th century AD)
# Mughal Empire, India - 29.2% (175.0 million out of 600 million in 1700)
# Ming Empire, China - 28.8% (160.0 million out of 556.2 million in 1600)
# Tang Empire, China - 28.0% (70.0 million out of 250 million in 850 AD)
# Gupta Empire, India - 26.36% (58.0 million out of 220 million in 400 AD) 
# Han Empire, China - 26.0% (59.6 million out of 230 million in 2 AD) 
# Mongol Empire - 25.6% (110.0 million out of 429 million in the 13th century)
# Pala Empire, India  - 24.0% (60.0 million out of 250 million in 850)
# British Empire - 23.1% (531.3 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938) 
# Song Dynasty, China - 22.0% (59.0 million out of 268 million in 1000)
# Abbasid Caliphate - 20.0% (50.0 million out of 250 million in 850)
# Rashidun Caliphate - 19.1% (40.3 million out of 210 million in 7th century)
# Kushan Empire, India - 19.0% (42.37 million out of 223 million in 140)
# Tughlaq Dynasty, India - 18.91% (70.0 million out of 370 million in 1330)
# Spanish Empire - 12.3% (68.2 million out of 556 million in the 17th century)
# Mali Empire - 10.0% (45.0 million out of 450 million in the mid 15th century)
# Russian Empire - 9.8% (176.4 million out of 1.791 billion in 1913)
# Ottoman Empire - 7.1% (39.0 million out of 556 million in the 17th century)
# Japanese Empire - 5.9% (134.8 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938)
# Vijayanagara Empire, India - 5.0% (25.0 million out of 500 million in the 16th century)
# French Empire - 4.9% (112.9 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938)
# German Empire - 3.7% (64.9 million out of 1.753 billion in 1910)
# Dutch Empire - 3.5% (60.0 million out of 1.700 billion in 1907)
# Nazi German Empire - 3.3% (75.4 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938)
# Austro-Hungarian Empire - 2.9% (51.3 million out of 1.753 billion in 1910)
# Italian Empire - 2.3% (51.9 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938)

## Itokasi

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