Malawi

**Malawi** okanye [maláwi] ; I-Tumbuka : *IMalaŵi* ),  ngokusemthethweni **iRiphabhlikhi yaseMalawi**, lilizwe elivaliweyo kuMzantsi-mpuma weAfrika elalisakuba yiNyasaland . Imida yeZambia ngasentshona, iTanzania ukuya emantla nasempuma-mpuma, kunye neMozambique ngasempuma, emazantsi nakumazantsi-ntshona. IMalawi ifikelela ngaphaya kwe    kwaye inabemi abaqikelelwa kwi-19,431,566 (ukusukela ngoJanuwari 2021).  Ikomkhulu laseMalawi (nesona sixeko sikhulu) yiLilongwe . Eyesibini ngobukhulu yiBlantyre, isithathu ngobukhulu yiMzuzu kwaye isine ngobukhulu likomkhulu layo langaphambili, iZomba . Igama elithi *Malawi* lisuka kwiMaravi, igama lakudala lamaChewa ahlala kule ndawo. Eli lizwe libizwa ngokuba yi “The Warm Heart of Africa” ngenxa yobuhlobo babantu balo. 

Inxalenye yeAfrika ngoku eyaziwa ngokuba yiMalawi yazinziswa malunga nenkulungwane ye-10 ngokufuduka kwamaqela e-Bantu .  kwi-1891, le ndawo yayilawulwa yiBritane kwaye yaba ngumkhuseli we- United Kingdom eyaziwa ngokuba yiNyasaland. Ngo-1953, yaba lukhuselo phakathi kweFederation of Rhodesia neNyasaland eyayisele izimele. I-Federation yachithwa ngo-1963. Ngo-1964, i-protectorate yaphela: iNyasaland yaba lilizwe elizimeleyo phantsi koKumkanikazi u-Elizabeth II, kwaye yabizwa ngokuba *yiMalawi* . Kwiminyaka emibini kamva yaba yiriphabliki. Yafumana inkululeko epheleleyo kwi-United Kingdom, kwaye ngo-1970 yaba ngurhulumente weqela elinye phantsi komongameli Hastings Banda, owahlala kule ndima de kwangowe-1994.    Namhlanje, iMalawi inedemokhrasi, iRiphabhlikhi enamaqela amaninzi ekhokelwa ngumongameli onyuliweyo. ULazarus Chakwera weMalawi Congress Party ukhokele iqela leTonse Alliance yamaqela alithoba ezopolitiko kwaye waphumelela kuNyulo lukaMongameli olugunyaziswe yinkundla obelubanjwe nge-23 kaJuni ngo-2020 emva kokuba unyulo lukaMongameli lukaMeyi ka-2019 lwarhoxiswa ngenxa yezitenxo ezinkulu zolonyulo. Umkhosi welizwe, uMkhosi woKhuselo waseMalawi, uquka umkhosi, umkhosi waselwandle kunye nephiko lomoya. Umgaqo-nkqubo waseMalawi wamazwe angaphandle uxhasa iNtshona . Igcina ubudlelwane obuhle bezozakuzo kunye namazwe amaninzi, kwaye ithatha inxaxheba kwimibutho yamazwe ngamazwe eliqela, kubandakanywa iZizwe eziManyeneyo, iManyano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo, uMbutho woPhuhliso lwaMazantsi e-Afrika (i-SADC), i- Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), kunye ne- Afrika. Umanyano (AU).

IMalawi lelinye lawona mazwe angaphuhliswanga kangako . Uqoqosho lusekelwe kakhulu kwezolimo, kwaye lunabemi abaninzi basemaphandleni nabakhula ngokukhawuleza. Urhulumente waseMalawi uxhomekeke kakhulu kuncedo lwangaphandle ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakhe zophuhliso, nangona isixa esifunekayo (kunye noncedo olunikezelwayo) sehlile ukususela ngo-2000. Urhulumente waseMalawi ujongene nemingeni kwiinzame zakhe zokwakha kunye nokwandisa uqoqosho, ukuphucula imfundo, ukhathalelo lwempilo, kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo, kunye nokuzimela ngokwezimali nangona intswela-ngqesho ixhaphakile. Ukusukela ngo-2005, iMalawi iye yaqulunqa imigaqo-nkqubo eliqela egxile ekujonganeni nale miba, kwaye imbonakalo yelizwe ibonakala iphucuka: Iimpawu eziphambili zenkqubela phambili kuqoqosho, imfundo, kunye nokhathalelo lwezempilo zabonwa ngo-2007 no-2008.

IMalawi iphila ubomi obuphantsi kwaye iphezulu kakhulu yokusweleka kweentsana . I-HIV/AIDS ixhaphake kakhulu, nto leyo enciphisa abasebenzi kwaye ifuna ukonyuka kwenkcitho karhulumente. Eli lizwe linabemi abahlukahlukeneyo abaquka abemi bomthonyama, abemi baseAsia nabaseYurophu . Ziliqela iilwimi ezithethwayo, yaye kukho intaphane yeenkolelo zonqulo. Nangona ngaphambili bekukho ungquzulwano lwengingqi ngamaxesha athile oluphenjelelwa yiyantlukwano yobuhlanga, ngo-2008 olu ngquzulwano lwangaphakathi lwaye lwehla kakhulu, kwaye nombono wokuzimanya nobuzwe bukabani baseMalawi iye yaphinda yavela.