I-sulphur

I-**Sulfur** (okanye **ui-sulphur**) lilungu lekhemikhali. Isimboli okanye uphawu lwe-sulphur ngu-**S**, kwaye i-atomic number yayo ngu-16.

## Ii-Properties
I-Sulphur ligaqa eliqanda ngombala neli- nonmetal. I-ethe-ethe ke le sulphur (ikroboka lula) kwaye ibubukhazikhazi be-crystalline. Itsha lula, itsho ikhuphe impongo yomsi we-sulphur dioxide  oyityhefu. Inevumba elingacacanga. Ukuba iye yanyityilikiswa yaza yaboliswa ngokukhawuleza, yenza into efana ne-rubber ye-sulphur ebizwa ngokuba y"i-plastic sulfur". Izakuya isiya iphindela kwela bala layo liqanda ibe yinto ekroboka lula.   Ayinyibiliki emanzini. Ivumba elaziwa ngokuba y"i-sulfur" livela kwi-hydrogen sulfide nakwezinye iikhemikhali ezifana kwanazo.   Ezi sulfides zenzeka xa izinto zibola ngaphandle komoya.  

### Ii-Chemical compounds
Ii-sulphur compounds zizii-compounds zekhemikhali ezinee-sulphur ions. I-Sulphur iza ingeendlela ngeendlela: i-oxidation states oko kutsho i-oxidation iba kwezi zimo zilandelayo: -2 (i-hydrogen sulfide), +4 (i-sulfur dioxide, sulfites) ne +6 (sulfuric acid, sulfates) zizezona zixhaphakaileyo, nangona zikho ezinye imo ebakuzo i-oxidation. 

#### I-Sulfur oxides
* I-Sulfur dioxide, yi-gas engenambala neyityhefu emandla, nesetyenziswa ukugcina ukutya ukuba kuhlale komile.  
* I-Sulfur trioxide, intlobo ngeentlobo, ngamanye amaxesha izinto ezingamanzi, izinto ezikhathazayo neziyityhefu.  
* I-Oleum, yi-sulfur trioxide enyibilika kwi- sulfuric acid

#### I-Sulfur acids
Umxube we-sulphur oxides namanzi 
* I-Sulfurous acid, iyagungqa, kwaye ayinamandla
* I-Sulfuric acid, ayigunqi, yi-acid enamandla, inkoliso yayo isebetyenzisa i-chemical emva kwamanzi
* I-Hydrogen sulfate, i-ion yenzeka kuphela xa i-sulfuric acid ilahlekelwe yi-acidic proton enye
* I-Hydrogen sulfide, i-gas enevumba nengenamandla, iba-acidic xa inyibilikiswe emanzini.  

#### I-Sulfides
Iityuwa ze-hydrogen sulfide
* I-Ammonium sulfide, isetyenziswa kwimibhobho encangathi kukungcola.  
* I-Antimony trisulfide, isetyenziswa kwiintloko zematshisi ezi kuqhwithwa ngazo. 
* I-Arsenic trisulfide, yi-arsenic compound engenabungozi bungakanani
* I-Barium sulfide, isetyenziswa ukwenza i- barium kwi-barium sulfate
* I-Bismuth(III) sulfide, yi-bismuth ore
* I-Iron sulfide, ifumaneka ngokwendalo njenge-pyrite  
* I-Lead(II) sulfide, ifumaneka ngokwendalo njenge-galena  
* I-Selenium disulfide, isetyenziswa kumafutha eenwele. 
* I-Potassium sulfide, isebenza ngamanzi
* I-Silver sulfide, iyakrazuka xa ikwinto yesilivere  
* I-Thallium(I) sulfide, ibhaqa into esemzimbeni 
* I-Tin(II) sulfide, yi-solid okanye ligaqa elimdaka bumnyama ngebala  
* I-Tin(IV) sulfide, igaqa legolide, "igolide eli-mosaic"
* I-Zinc sulfide, isetyenziswa kumaqam e-fluorescent

#### Ii-Sulfites
Iityuwa ze-sulfurous acid
* I-Sodium sulfite, isetyenziswa ukugcina ukutya komile. 
* I-Potassium sulfite, isetyenziswa ukugcina ukutya kuhlaziyekile.  

#### I-Sulfates ne-bisulfates
Iityuwa ze-sulfuric acid
* I-Alums, zonke
* I-Aluminium sulfate
* I-Ammonium sulfate, isetyenziswa kwisichumisi okanye emgqubeni 
* I-Barium sulfate, isetyenziswa xa kuthathwa igesi ngendlela okusilwa ngayo ukutya esiswini.  
* I-Cobalt(II) sulfate, isetyenziswa ekwenzeni ibala lezinto ezinobom okanye eziphefumlayo.  
* I-Copper(II) sulfate, isetyenziswa xa kubulawa i-algae
* I-Chromium sulfate, isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-chrome alum
* I-Iron(II) sulfate, isetyenziswa kwi-reduction 
* I-Iron(III) sulfate, inqabile
* I-Lead(II) sulfate, yilanti imhlophe iqinileyo kwincindi yesiciko see-batteries
* I-Manganese(II) sulfate, isetyenziswa xa kugalelwa i-manganese emhlabeni
* I-Nickel(II) sulfate, isetyenziselwa ukwenza ii-nickel compounds
* I-Sodium bisulfate, isetyenziswa xa kusehliswa i-pH
* I-Sodium sulfate, isetyenziswa kwizicoci okanye kwizinto ezikhucula ukungcola nasekwenzeni amaphepha.  
* I-Thallium(I) sulfate, ayinambala ayinavumba ayinancasa kwaye iyingozi kakhulu kuba iyityhefu.  
* I-Tin(II) sulfate, isetyenziswa ukwenza izinto ezenza ezinye iinkonkxa  
* I-Zinc sulfate, isetyenziswa ekwenzeni ibala kwizinto ezinobom okanye eziphefumlayo. 

#### Ezinye ii-sulfur compounds
; I-Sulfur(I) compounds
* I-Sulfur(I) chloride, yinto engamanzi atyheli. 
; I-Sulfur(II) compounds
* I-Sulfur(II) chloride, yinto enevumba nengamanzi abomvu  
; I-Sulfur(III) compounds
* I-Disulfur dinitride, yinto eligaqa elingenambala 
* I-Tetrasulfur tetranitride, yinto eligaqa embala we-orenji
; I-Sulfur(IV) compounds
* I-Sulfur tetrafluoride, yi-gas eyityhefu nengenambala 
; I-Sulfur(V) compounds
* DI-Disulfur decafluoride, yinto engamanzi ayityhefu
; I-sulfur(VI) compounds
* I-sulfur hexafluoride, yigas enzima engenambala

## Ukwenzeka nokulungiswa kwayo

I-Sulfur ingafumaneka emhlabeni kufuphi nee-volcanoes. Ii-minerals ezininzi zinee-sulfur ions. Amalahle ane-sulfur ions ezivela xa esitsha. I-Hydrogen sulfide ne-sulfur dioxide zezinye ii-sulfur compounds ezithi zikhutshwe xa esitsha amalahle. Zenziwa ukuba zisebenze ukuze kwenzeke i-sulphur.   Xa isemhlabeni i-sulphur, iyanyibilika, ize ityhalwe ngamandla inyuke ngemibhobho ngenxa yomoya oza ngoxinzelelo othi uminxane kule mibhobho.  

## Imisebenzi
I-Sulfur idla ngokusetyenziswa kumgubo wompu, kumachiza, nakwimatshisi. Imatshisi ikhupha i-sulfur dioxide xa ivutha, itsho ikhuphe ivumba layo. I-Sulphur iyinto ebalulekileyo kwii-cells eziphilayo. Ii-proteins ezininzi zine-sulfur. Ikwasetyenziswa nje nge- pesticide kwiifama ezi-organic.

## I-Etymology
Umgubo we-sulphur kuthiwa yashiyeka emva kokuba kwenzeke umntu ongaphezu kwendalo le siyibonayo.  

## Ubungozi nokhuseleko
I-Sulphur ayinabungozi, kodwa ii-chemical compounds ezenzeka xa isulphur ivutha okanye isitsha zinganobungozi obukhulu.  I-Sulfuric acid, umzekelo, ingalijika ibala lephepha libemnyama!

## Imbali
Igama lakudala ebekubizwa ngalo i-sulphur lithi *brimstone*. I-Sulphur yayisetyenziswa kwi-fumigation (ukwenza ii-fumes) kunye namachiza kwisiGrike sakudala. Ngo-1777, u-Antoine Lavosier wabonisana noo-soscience okokuba i-sulphur kwakuyi-element.  

## Amaphepha azalana nala
* I-Periodic table
* Uludwe lwee-elements ezixhaphakileyo
* Ii-compounds ze-Sulphur

## Ezinye ii-websites