open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Campomarino

**Campomarino** (*Këmarini* in arbëreshë) ngumasipala waseTaliyane onabemi abayi   kwiphondo lase Campobasso e Molise. Ibekwe ecaleni konxweme lwe-Adriatic, ingomnye woomasipala abane baseMolise baseArbëreshë isiko , kunye nePortocannone, Ururi kunye neMontecilfone, ngokuyinxenye igcinwe kwinkcubeko kunye nolwimi. Ummandla kamasipala, ukongeza kwi-nucleus ephambili yeCampomarino, iquka ezinye iindawo zeCampomarino Lido, Nuova Cliternia, Ramitelli kunye neContrada Arcora.

Umasipala, ommandla wakhe wenza ilaphu elinye lasezidolophini kunye neTermoli, lilungu lemibutho yesizwe "IsiXeko sewayini"  kunye" neSixeko se-oyile" , ngenxa yobizo lwezolimo kunye nokulima iwayini. ICampomarino yenye yeendawo zokuchithela iiholide eziphambili kunxweme lwaseMolise naseAdriatic kwaye ibamba izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kummandla wokhenketho lolwandle.
Campobasso

**Campobasso** (*Campuascio*, *Campuasce* in Molise  ) ngumasipala wase-Italiya onabemi abangama  , ikomkhulu lephondo elinegama elifanayo kunye nommandla weMolise .

Isixeko, mhlawumbi imvelaphi yaseLombard, sikummandla ophakathi kwemilambo yeBiferno kunye neFortore . Iziko lembali liqulethe ubungqina obuninzi obuvela kumaxesha ahlukeneyo esixeko, ukusuka kwicawa yenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithathu yaseSan Leonardo, ukuya kwinqaba ye-Monforte yenkulungwane yeshumi elinesihlanu, kunye ne- neoclassical cathedral yeSantissima Trinità . Kwi-2018 i-Campobasso yanikezelwa ngesihloko selali ephawulekayo kwimbali yomdla nguMphathiswa weLifa leMveli yeNkcubeko  .

Isixeko sisekhaya kwiYunivesithi yaseMolise, i- Metropolitan Archdiocese yaseCampobasso-Boiano, iSikolo samaPolisa aseburhulumenteni kunye neSikolo saseCarabinieri.
Ukungaphumeleli kwesakhiwo

Ibinzana elithi **ukusilela kolwakhiwo** (okanye **ukusilela kolwakhiwo**) libhekisa ekuphulukaneni namandla okuxhasa okanye ukuhambisa umthwalo onxulumene nelungu elingaphakathi kwesakhiwo okanye kwisakhiwo ngokwaso.

Ukungaphumeleli kwesakhiwo kuqala xa izinto zigxininiswe kumda, kufutshane nomthamo wayo, kwaye oku kubangela ukuphuka okanye ukuguqulwa okukhulu.

Umda woxinzelelo ekungaphumeleli kwezinto, icandelo okanye inkqubo imele umthamo wayo wokuthwala.

Xa lo mda ufinyelelwe, izinto zonakaliswe, kwaye umthamo wayo wokuthwala umthwalo uhlala usisigxina, ngokuphawulekayo kwaye uyancipha ngokukhawuleza.

Kwinkqubo eyilwe kakuhle, ukungaphumeleli kwendawo akufanele kubangele ukuwa ngokukhawuleza okanye okuqhubekayo kwesakhiwo. Indawo yokuphuka kwezinto enye yeemeko ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kubunjineli bezakhiwo kunye noyilo .
Sansepolcro

**ISansepolcro** (eyayisakuba *yiBorgo Sansepolcro*, kungoko igama lemveli lalibizwa ngokuba *yiBórgo*, ngoku ixhaphakile, okanye *iBòrgo* ngokweyona fonetiki yakudala; *iSansepólcro* eTuscan; ngempazamo *iSan Sepolcro* okanye *S. Sepolcro*) ngumasipala wase-Italiya onabemi abali  kwiphondo laseTuscany Area, kumda weUmbria noMarche. Okokuqala umasipala okhululekileyo emva koko inkcubeko yeRenaissance, yanyuselwa kwisihlalo sedayosisi kwaye wawongwa ngesihloko sesixeko nge-17 Septemba 1520 nguPope Leo.

Ifumaneka kumntla-mpuma we-Arezzo elunxwemeni lweTiber, kwimpuma yeTuscany, ekudibaneni kweendlela ezine, iTuscany, iMarche, i-Umbria kunye ne-Emilia-Romagna, yeyona ndawo iphambili yendawo yokuhlala ebandakanya ummelwane. umasipala waseSan Giustino, kwiphondo lasePerugia.

Ukususela ngo-1520 ukuya ku-1986 esi sixeko sasilikomkhulu ledayosisi enegama elinye; ukususela ngo-1986 ibe yinxalenye yeDiocese yase-Arezzo-Cortona-Sansepolcro, apho isihlalo somnini-ndawonye.
I-Eskom

**I-Eskom Hld SOC Ltd** okanye **i-Eskom** (isiBhulu: Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie) sisixhobo sombane sikawonke-wonke saseMzantsi Afrika. UEskom wasekwa ngo-1923 njengeKomishoni yokuBonelela ngoMbane (ESCOM). U-Eskom umele uMzantsi Afrika kuMazantsi e-Afrika aMandla oMbane. Eli ncedo ngowona mvelisi mkhulu wombane e-Afrika, [2][3] kwaye ibiphakathi kwezixhobo eziphezulu kwihlabathi malunga nomthamo wokuvelisa kunye neentengiso. Lelona shishini likhulu kurhulumente woMzantsi Afrika. U-Eskom usebenzisa iqela lezikhululo zamandla eziqaphelekayo, eziquka iSikhululo soMbane iMatimba kunye neSikhululo soMbane iMedupi eLephalale, iSikhululo soMbane iKusile eWitbank, isiKhululo soMbane saseKendal, neSikhululo saMandla seNyukliya saseKoeberg kwiPhondo leNtshona Koloni, ekuphela kwendawo yamandla enyukliya e-Afrika.
Bologna

**I-Bologna** (kwintetho yesi-Bolognese *iBulåggna*) ngumasipala wase -Italiya onabemi abangama-  , ikomkhulu lesixeko esifanayo, yona ikomkhulu le- Emilia-Romagna , elisembindini wesixeko esinabemi abangaphezu kwesigidi  . Ikhaya kweyona yunivesithi indala kwihlabathi laseNtshona  , ibamba abafundi abaninzi abenza ubomi bayo benkcubeko nentlalontle. Iyaziwa ngeenqaba zayo ezinde, i-porticos zayo ezinde kunye neziko lembali eligcinwe kakuhle, phakathi kwezona zinkulu e- Itali .

Isixeko, esineendawo zokuhlala zokuqala ukusukela kwinkulungwane yokuqala ye-BC, yayiliziko ledolophu elibalulekileyo kuqala phantsi kwe- Etruscans kunye namaCelt, emva koko phantsi kwamaRoma kwaye, kumaXesha Aphakathi, njengomasipala okhululekileyo . Ikomkhulu eliseMantla yeLizwe likaPapa ukusukela kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithandathu , yadlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ngexesha leRisorgimento kwaye, ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, yayiyenye yeehabhu zeResistance . Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini, njengoninzi lwe-Emilia, yayilawulwa phantse ngokuqhubekayo ngolawulo lwasekhohlo .

I-Bologna yindlela ebalulekileyo kunye ne-hub yonxibelelwano lukaloliwe kumantla e-Italiya, kwindawo apho amashishini abalulekileyo oomatshini, ombane kunye nokutya ahlala khona. Likhaya kumaziko adumileyo enkcubeko, ezoqoqosho nezopolitiko, kwaye lelinye lawona maziko aphambili emiboniso eYurophu . Kwi -2000 yayiyi " capital yaseYurophu yenkcubeko ", kwi -2021 i-arcades yayo yaqatshelwa njengendawo yelifa lehlabathi yi -UNESCO  .
Crotone

**I-Crotone** ngumasipala wase-Italiya onabemi abangama  , ikomkhulu lephondo elinegama elifanayo eCalabria .

Esi sixeko sasekwa ngamakholoni amaGrike avela kwingingqi yaseAchaea kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yesi-8 yeXesha Eliqhelekileyo kwindawo yokuhlala abantu bomthonyama okuzingisileyo, kwaye samela elinye lawona maziko abalulekileyo eMagna Graecia enkosi ngokusasazwa kwe-Italic-Pythagorean. isenzeko. Isixeko esidala sikhula kudederhu lweendledlana ezimxinwa kunye nezikwere ezincinci ukuya kwi- cathedral kunye nombindi wePiazza Pitagora, indawo yokunxibelelana phakathi kwesixeko "esidala" kunye "esitsha".

I -crater yegama elifanayo kumphezulu we-Mars  kunye nomzingeli wasezimayini woMkhosi Wamanzi wase-Italiya onegama elifanayo bathiywa nge-Crotone, kunye nokunikezela igama layo kuhlobo lwamakhowa anegama elifanayo .
I-Cliternia entsha

**INuova Cliternia** liqhezu likamasipala waseCampomarino, ekwiphondo laseCampobasso, eMolise.

Iziko elihlala linabemi abangama-450 , kodwa, kunye nezinye izithili zesithili saseNuova Cliternia, ezizezi Madonna Grande, Ramitelli, La Torre, Zezza, inani labemi linyuka ukuya malunga ne-1200, lithe saa kulo lonke ilizwe, kunye Indawo eyodwa enkulu ehlala abantu, ebekwe malunga ne-7&nbsp;km ukusuka kwikomkhulu likamasipala iCampomarino.

Abemi bayo abahlala kuyo baquka abantu bomthonyama baseMolise abaphakathi nangaphezulu, Abruzzo (ngokukodwa amaphondo aseChieti naseTeramo) kunye nabemi abaninzi baseCliterno: imbali kunye nemvelaphi yayo ihluke ngokupheleleyo kwi- Albanian (arbëreshë) yaseCampomarino.

Ukwandiswa kommandla kubonakala kuyeyona nto ifanelekileyo yeNuova Cliternia, eye yabona utshintsho oluphawulekayo kwiinkulungwane, iintsalela esingazijonga namhlanje.
Campomarino Lido

**I-Campomarino Lido** yenye yeedolophu ezine zaseCampomarino. Ibekwe phakathi koLwandle lwe-Adriatic kunye nendlela yombuso 16 Adriatica. Ukongeza kwimisebenzi emininzi yabakhenkethi, isikhululo sikaloliwe saseCampomarino silapha.

Ngokungafaniyo nexesha lasehlotyeni, xa indawo igcwele abakhenkethi, ngexesha lasebusika inani elincinci leentsapho lihlala kule hamlet. 

Ngaphantsi kwekhilomitha ukusuka kumbindi wedolophu, yindawo yokhenketho lolwandle lwasehlotyeni kwaye ine-marina yabakhenkethi esandula ukwakhiwa. Iilwandle, zibanzi kwaye zicocekile, zijikelezwe ngamahlathi ashinyeneyo ompayina asuka eSaccione ukuya kumlambo iBiferno, apho unxweme lugobile kwaye luvalwe ngasentla ngepromontory apho iTermoli kunye nezibuko layo zimi khona. 

Ukuthontelana kwabakhenkethi, ngokweenkcukacha zeBhodi yezoKhenketho yePhondo, kunyaka ka -1995, kukho malunga ne-100,000 lobukho bexesha lasehlotyeni.

Kwi-2004 nakweminye iminyaka, iilwandle zaseCampomarino zafumana i-Blue Flag yempilo kunye nobuhle beendawo, kunye Termoli, omnye umasipala wonxweme kunye nokhenketho eMolise
Catanzaro

**Catanzaro** ngumasipala wase-Italiya onabemi abangama-  , ikomkhulu laseCalabria.

Ikomkhulu lembali yeCalabria Ultra ngaphezulu kweenkulungwane ezimbini , iCatanzaro likhaya leyunivesithi yase "Magna Græcia".

Isixeko simi kwisiqwenga seCatanzaro esinegama elifanayo, nesenza elona candelo limxinwa lendawo yepeninsula yase-Italiya : kuphela ngam, enyanisweni, yahlula uLwandle lwase-Ionian kuLwandle lwaseTyrrhenian ngelo xesha.Le ndawo ikwimvelaphi yegama elithi *[[IItaly|Italy]]*, apho amaGrike amandulo achonga intsimi leyo, ngokutsho kweentsomi, yayilawulwa nguKumkani u-Italo , njengoko kuchazwe nguAntiochus waseSirakuse, u- Aristotle, uVirgil noStrabo 

I-nucleus yokuqala yesixeko sanamhlanje, esisendulini embindini kunye nokukhusela i-golf ye-Squillace, yavela kwixesha laseByzantine, xa abathinjwa *baseScolacium* babalekela kwiinduli ezikufutshane nonxweme ukubaleka ukuhlaselwa kweSaracens.Aba bemi bokuqala babengamaGrike ngokobuhlanga, njengoko oko kuboniswa ligama eliphezulu lesona sithili sidala seziko lembali, iGrisi. Ukuqaliswa kobugcisa besilika esixekweni kungenxa yemvelaphi yayo yaseByzantine.
Izinongo zeembiza

**I-Pot seasoning** yinkqubo yokunyanga umphezulu wepani, ipani, i- griddle okanye ezinye iintlobo zeembiza (o.k.t izikhongozeli ezisetyenziselwa ukupheka ukutya), ukuze kuphembelele ukwakheka kwentonga engasiyonga eyenziwe ngamafutha epolymerized. kunye neoli.

I-seasoning iyacetyiswa kwi -iron cast okanye i-carbon steel pans, kuba kungenjalo bavame "ukunamathela" (okt banamathele kakhulu ekutyeni) kunye nokugqwala ngokusetyenziswa. I-seasoning iyanconywa nakwezinye iintlobo ze-cookware, ezifana nee-ovens zelizwe, ezenziwe nge -aluminium .
IsiSiloti

**Siloti**' okanye **Nagri** (ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ, *Siloti*, [silɔʈi]) yi Indo-Aryan language ethethwa ngabantu abamalunga ne-11.9 yezigidi kuthethwa Bangladesh, India nase United Kingdom.

## Ifoneloji

## Bona kwakho
 Wikipedia
Silicate

I- **Silicates** yiklasi yamaminerali ebonakaliswe kubukho beqela le-tetrahedral (SiO 4 ) 4- .Igama elithi silicates laqala lamkelwa ngusokhemisti waseSweden uJöns Jacob Berzelius.

Ioksijini kunye nesilicon zezona zinto zininzi kuqweqwe loMhlaba (46.6% kunye ne-27.7% ngobunzima, ngokulandelelana) kwaye oku kwenza ii-silicates zibe zezona minerali zixhaphake kakhulu eMhlabeni (ngaphezu kwama-90%). Oku kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwi-igneous, metamorphic kunye namatye e-sedimentary.
Ingxabano yama-Arabhu namaSirayeli

Imfazwe yama-  **namaSirayeli** yimfazwe yezopolitiko neyomkhosi phakathi kweLizwe lakwaSirayeli kwelinye icala kunye neState of Palestine kunye namazwe angama-Arabhu ajikelezileyo kwelinye.

Iingcambu zongquzulwano zilele ekunyukeni kweZiyonism kunye nobuzwe basePalestina ukuya ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 .

Ummandla welizwe lasePalestina, ngoko phantsi kolawulo lwaseTurkey-Ottoman, enyanisweni yaqwalaselwa ngaxeshanye yintlangano yeZionist njengelizwe lembali yabantu bamaYuda kunye nombutho welizwe lasePalestina njengommandla wabemi basePalestina basePalestina . Ingxabano phakathi kwamaYuda kunye nama-Arabhu asePalestina kwi - British Mandate yasePalestine yaqala ngo- 1920 . Inqanaba eliphambili longquzulwano olukhulu phakathi kwe-Israel kunye namazwe ama-Arabhu lwenzeka ukusuka kwi-1948, unyaka wokubhengezwa kweLizwe lakwaSirayeli, ukuya kwi-1973, kwaye yayibandakanya uthotho lweemfazwe zama-Arabhu namaSirayeli: iMfazwe ye-1948, Imfazwe yeSuez ka-1956, iMfazwe yeeNtsuku eziNtanda zika-1967 kunye neMfazwe yaseYom Kippur ka-1973.

Izivumelwano zoxolo zatyikitywa phakathi kwe -Israel ne-Egypt ngo-1979 naphakathi kwe -Israel ne-Jordan ngo-1994, ukuze ungquzulwano lutshintshe kwiminyaka edlulileyo ukusuka kwimfazwe enkulu yama-Arab-Israel ukuya **kwingxabano ye-Israel-Palestine** (ekwabizwa ngokuba **yiPalestina** )., egxile ekuvunyweni ngokufanayo kolongamo nokuzimela kweLizwe lakwaSirayeli kunye neLizwe lasePalestina, elavakaliswa ngowe-1988 phezu kwemimandla yasePalestina eyayilawulwa nguSirayeli ngowe-1967. Ingxabano ye-Israel-Palestinian nayo ibonakaliswe ngoluhlu lweemfazwe phakathi kwe-Israel kunye nemibutho yasePalestina efana ne- PLO kunye ne-Hamas : Imfazwe yaseLebhanon ye-1982, i- Intifadas yokuqala neyesibini, kunye neemfazwe eziphindaphindiweyo kwi-Gaza Strip . Nangona i-1993 Oslo Accords, eyakhokelela ekuqaphelisweni okufanayo phakathi kwe-Israel kunye ne-PLO kunye nokudalwa kweGunya leSizwe lasePalestina, kunye nokuqatshelwa kwe-State of Palestine yi- UN kwi-2012, isivumelwano esicacileyo soxolo phakathi kwe-Israel ne-Palestina asikafiki. kuye kwafikelelwa, ngelixa zombini iimfazwe kunye nothethathethwano loxolo luqhubeka ngamanqam.
Ungquzulwano Russian-Ukrainian

**Ungquzulwano lwaseRussia-Ukrainian** lungquzulwano lwezopolitiko, lwezozakuzo kunye nomkhosi  *olwaqala* ngoFebruwari 2014  kwaye lubone imikhosi eqhelekileyo yamazwe amabini aseMpuma Yurophu ijongene ukusukela ngoFebruwari 2022.

Ukulandela i-Euromaidan, eyakhokelela kwi-revolution yase-Ukraine kaFebruwari 2014 eyakhokelela ekubalekeni kunye nokugxothwa komongameli wase-Ukraine uViktor Yanukovych (okwenzeka nge-22 ngoFebruwari 2014), uqhanqalazo oluthile lwe-pro-Russian kwaye, kwangaxeshanye, amaqela amajoni aqala ukwenzeka eCrimea amaRashiya ngaphandle kwe-insignia (ebizwa ngokuba ngamadoda amancinci aluhlaza) athatha ulawulo lweziseko eziphambili kunye namaziko olawulo ommandla. Ezi ziganeko zalandelwa kukuthunyelwa ngokusemthethweni kwemikhosi exhobileyo yaseRashiya eCrimea kunye ne-16 kaMatshi, emva kokuba i-referendum ithathwa njengengasebenziyo yiNgqungquthela yeZizwe eziManyeneyo kunye neevoti ezili-100 ezixhasayo, i-11 echasene kunye ne-58 abstentions,  iRashiya yahlutha usingasiqithi. kwiFederation .

Ngo-Epreli waloo nyaka, uqhanqalazo olunobundlobongela lwe-pro-Russian lwaqhambuka kwiidolophu ezinkulu zaseDonbass ezakhokelela kwimfazwe phakathi korhulumente waseUkraine kunye nemikhosi yokuhlubuka, eyayisekwe okwangoku kwiiriphabliki ezidumileyo zaseDonetsk naseLugansk, ezibhengeze ukuba zizimele ngomhla we-11 kuMeyi emva kovavanyo-zimvo. 

Ubutshaba phakathi komkhosi we-Donbass we-secessionist kunye nomkhosi wase-Ukraine waqhubeka ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa, kwada kwaphumela ekudutyulweni kwe-Malaysia Airlines Flight 17. Ngomhla we-5 Septemba 2014, abongameli baseRashiya nase-Ukraine, kunye nobukho babameli beeriphabliki zabantu ababini, badibana eMinsk kwaye basayine iprotocol yokuseka *ukupheliswa komlilo*, nangona kunjalo yaphulwa ngamaxesha amaninzi ngamacala omabini. Ukuzama ukuyeka ukulwa eDonbass kwakhona, ngo-12 ngoFebruwari 2015, ngenxa yolamlo lwaseFransi kunye neJamani, i-Ukraine kunye neRashiya basayine iprotocol entsha yokuseka i-truce. Esi sivumelwano sesibini saphulwa amaxesha amaninzi kwaye ngo-2018 kwenzeka ingozi kwi-Kerch Strait ebandakanya ngqo iinqanawa zaseRashiya nase-Ukraine. 

Phakathi kuka-Oktobha noNovemba 2021, iRashiya yaqala ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwemikhosi yayo exhobileyo kumda wase-Ukraine, ihambisa imikhosi eyongezelelweyo eBelarus, eTransnistria naseCrimea ngaphezu kwe- Black Sea Fleet. NgoFebruwari 21, 2022, iRashiya yaziqonda iiriphabliki zabantu baseDonbass yaza emva kweentsuku ezintathu yaqalisa ukuhlasela iUkraine.
Ibhombu yeatom

**Ibhombu yeathom** (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi "*Ibhombu* " ngokwesigama esiphelelwe lixesha, okanye ngamanye amaxesha kubhekiselwa kulo ngegama elingafanelekanga "*ibhombu yenyukliya*") ligama *ekudla ngokubhekiswa kulo ibhombu yenyukliya.* Sisixhobo sokuqhushumba seqela lezixhobo zenyukliya, amandla aso aveliswa ngokupheleleyo kukuqhekeka kwetsheyina lenyukliya. Eli gama likwasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukubhekisa kwizixhobo ze-thermonuclear, njengoko zisenza uninzi lwezixhobo zenyukliya namhlanje. 

Ukusebenza kwezi zixhobo kusekelwe kwi-reaction ye-nyukliya ye-fission, inkqubo yokwahlula i-nucleus ye-atomic, eyenzeka kwi- elementi enzima ebizwa ngokuba yi-fissile, ibe yi-nuclei ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zobunzima obuphantsi, kulandela ukungqubana ne- neutron yamahhala. Ukwaphulwa kwe-nucleus ngokulandelelana kuvelisa, ukongeza kwizinto ezikhaphukhaphu, kunye neeneutron ezongezelelweyo zasimahla, kunye nesixa esibaluleke kakhulu samandla. Ukuba i-fissile imathiriyeli ineqondo elaneleyo lokugxila kwaye ikubunzima obukhulu ngokwaneleyo, obubizwa ngokuba "yi-critical mass", i-neutrons zasimahla eziveliswayo ziyakwazi ukubetha i-nuclei entsha ye-fissile element, ivelisa ukusabela kwekhonkco *okungalawulekiyo* okusasazeka kubo bonke ubunzima. yemathiriyeli, ikhupha ubuninzi bamandla ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu. 

Ibhombu ye-athomu sisixhobo sokutshatyalaliswa okukhulu, imveliso apho uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe lukhawulela umda kunye nesohlwayo ngeSivumelwano seNuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) .

.
Ebdulkerîm Findî

Karim Findi (1946, Duhok, Kurdistan Region - Iraq) ngumbhali kunye nombhali Kurdish.

Ngo-1974 wathweswa isidanga kwiYunivesithi yaseMosul - kwiSebe lesiNgesi. 

Upapashe iincwadi ngezifundo ezininzi, kubandakanya ezopolitiko, ijografi, ulwimi, uncwadi kunye nembali ngeelwimi ezahlukeneyo ezifana nesiNgesi, isiKurdish, isiArabhu. 

Wayengomnye wabaseki beKurdistan Journalists Syndicate. 

Ngo-1997 wayengumhleli oyintloko wemagazini (yeKarwan), eyakhutshwa nguMphathiswa weNkcubeko.

Wayengunobhala we (Karwan Academic) iphephancwadi elikhutshwe nguMphathiswa weNkcubeko, kwiNgingqi yaseKurdistan.

Wasebenza njengomhleli-oyintloko we (Dicle/Dijla) iphephancwadi, eyayiyimagazini yokuqala yesiKurdish (kwingingqi yaseKurdistan - iraq) ngolwimi lwealfabhethi olukhutshwe yi-Kurdistan Ministry of Culture. 

## Iincwadi ezipapashiweyo
-Ingqokelela yengxowa ye-Bakir i-Al-Arizee imibongo, i-1982, (ngolwimi lwesiKurdish).

-Mairo, 1985, (ngolwimi lwesiKurdish).

-Gulchin, 1988, (ngolwimi lwesiKurdish).

-Izahluko ze-Eylul Revolution eKurdistan - e-Iraq ebhaliweyo, ngo-1995 (ngolwimi lwesi-Arabhu).

- Isikhokelo seDuhok Governorate, 1997, (ngesiArabhu nolwimi lwesiNgesi).

-Izizwe zamaKurd kumntla welizwe laseMossel, ngo-1996, (ngolwimi lwesiKurdish).

-Amedi ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, ngo-1997, (ngolwimi lwesi-Arabhu).

- IGolden Jubilee yePeshmarge, 1999, (ngolwimi lwesiKurdish).

-UBarzani akaze anikezele , 2001, (ngolwimi lwesiKurdish).

-Inqaba yaseBadinan kunye Nezinye iindawo zayo zeMbali, ngo-2012, (ngolwimi lwesiArabhu).

- Inqaba yaseBadinan ,2012, (ngolwimi lwesiArabhu).

- Ulwimi lwesiKurdish kwingingqi yaseBadinan, 2012, (ngesiKurdish kunye nolwimi lwesiArabhu).

## Iimbekiselo
(13366) 1998 US24

yintsimi yamaGrike iJupiter Trojan asteroid . Ifunyanwe ngo -1998, ine- orbit ephawulwe nge- semi-major axis elingana no-5.2291580&nbsp;I-UA kwaye ine- eccentricity ye-0.1031251, ithotywe ngu-6.63663 ° ngokubhekiselele kwi -ecliptic.

I-asteroid yabizwa ngokuba yi **-13366 Khege** , kodwa igama laye lachithwa  kwaye labelwa kwi- 12565 Khege  .
Lonato del Garda

**Lonato del Garda** is a town and *comune* in the province of Brescia, in Lombardy, northern  Italy. ILonato ibekwe malunga nesiqingatha phakathi kweMilan kunye neVenice, kunxweme olusemzantsi-ntshona weLake Garda, elona chibi likhulu eItali.

Iindibano ezikufutshane yiCastiglione delle Stiviere, Desenzano del Garda, Calcinato, Bedizzole, Calvagese della Riviera, Padenghe sul Garda, Pozzolengo, Montichiari, Solferino. Idolophu yindawo yeholide ngenxa yendawo ebukekayo esecaleni kwechibi malunga  ukusuka echibini) kunye nembali yayo kunye nezikhumbuzo zobugcisa kunye neemyuziyam, iindawo zembali ( izindlu zokuhlala ), amabhodlo aseRoma, inqaba yaseMedieval, iicawe zeBaroque kunye neemyuziyam zanamhlanje.
UEFA

I-Union  **European Football Associations** ( isifinyez. UEFA) yinkampani, imiselwe ngokusemthethweni kwaye ibhaliswe phantsi kwe-Swiss Civil Code kwi-1954, kunye ne-ofisi yayo eNyon, eSwitzerland,  leyo ilawula ibhola ekhatywayo kunye ne-futsal eYurophu .

Umsebenzi wayo, ukusukela ekusekweni kwayo, ubusoloko unwenwela ngaphaya kwemida yeYurophu ebonakalayo: enyanisweni, ukongeza ekubeni phakathi kwamahlakani ayo okuqala iSoviet Union (kwaye, emva koko, iRussia ) kunye neTurkey, omabini la mazwe aphesheya, ayazidla ngokuba nemanyano yeCyprus . noSirayeli, engowaseAsiya ; emva kokuchithwa kwe-USSR, i-republics yangaphambili yeSoviet yaseArmenia, iAzerbaijan, iGeorgia neKazakhstan nayo yaba yinxalenye yayo.

I-UEFA iququzelela, kwinqanaba eliphezulu, amadoda (ukususela kwi-1960) kunye nabasetyhini (1984) ubuntshatsheli bebhola ekhatywayo yaseYurophu, ngelixa kwinqanaba leklabhu liququzelele i- Champions League, eyayibizwa ngokuba yi-European Champions 'Cup, ukususela ngo-1955, kunye ne- Europa League ukususela ngo-1971. . League, ekuqaleni i-UEFA Cup, kwaye ukususela ngo-2021 i- UEFA Conference League ; ukusuka ku-1961 ukuya ku-1999, iphinde yaququzelela iNdebe yabaphumeleleyo beNdebe .  Ukususela ngo-2001, iququzelele i- Women's Champions League, eyayibizwa ngokuba yiNdebe yoMfazi. Ukususela kwi-2013 iphinde yaququzelela i- Youth League, ukhuphiswano olugcinelwe intwasahlobo okanye amaqela angaphantsi kwe-19. 

Umongameli wayo uye waba, ukususela kwi-2016, isiSlovenia u-Aleksander Čeferin.
IiAlps

**IiAlps** lolona luhlu lweentaba lubalulekileyo eYurophu , emi ecaleni kwemida yaseItali, France, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Germany, Austria, Slovenia and, though very marginally, Hungary  . Bahlula umbindi weYurophu kumzantsi Yurophu kwaye bavale indawo yejografi yase-Italiya, kubandakanya ezona ndawo ziphakamileyo zelizwekazi laseYurophu, kubandakanya iMont Blanc. ukuphakama, yeyona ntaba iphakamileyo kwikhonkco, eItali, eFransi kwaye ngokubanzi kwilizwekazi  .
Reggio Calabria

**IReggio Calabria** (okanye  ;   ngesiReggio ulwimi;   /  ngesiGrike saseCalabrian),  ekwabizwa ngokuba **yiReggio di Calabria**  sisiTaliyane, umasipala wabahlali ,  ikomkhulu lesixeko esilikomkhulu elinegama elifanayo eCalabria.

Umasipala wokuqala ngabemi  kunye nesixeko esilikomkhulu kuphela  kwiNgingqi, kunye nokuba sisihlalo seBhunga leNgingqi yaseCalabria, yinkokeli yento ebizwa ngokuba *yiGrande Reggio*, indibano yedolophu ezisa kunye noomasipala abohlukeneyo kwicala laseCalabrian leStrait of Messina . Kunye nommandla wemetropolitan weMessina, imele intliziyo yedolophu yeStrait, indibano ebangelwa kukuqhubela phambili kwedolophu kunye nomanyano oluluqilima lwentlalo noqoqosho phakathi koomasipala kwiibhanki ezimbini zeStrait.

I -National Archaeological Museum yaseReggio Calabria  ibonisa ingqokelela yezinto ezifunyenweyo ezivela eMagna Graecia   kunye ne- Riace Bronzes enhle, eye yaba phakathi kweempawu zayo ezichongiweyo.

Esona sixeko sidala kwiCalabria yamaGrike, ngaphandle kwembali yaso yeminyaka engamawaka amathathu-  yayibalulekile kwaye ichumile isixeko saseMagna Graecia  - inokwakheka kwedolophu yanamhlanje, kulandela ukwakhiwa ngokutsha olwenziwa emva kwentlekele yenyikima 28 Disemba 1908, eyatshabalalisa inxalenye enkulu yedolophu.
Frosinone

**Frosinone** (*Frusenone*  in Frusinate dialect) ngumasipala wase-Italiya onabemi abangama-43,325,  ikomkhulu lephondo elinegama elifanayo eLazio .Esona sixeko sikhulu kwiValle Latina, indlela yonxibelelwano ebalulekileyo eLazio phakathi kweRoma neNaples , kude kube ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba yayiyilali enobizo lwasemaphandleni, ngelixa ukusuka kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini yaba yindawo ebalulekileyo yoshishino kunye nezorhwebo.Ngokwemveli ithathwa njengesixeko saseVolscian , okanye ngokweengqikelelo zamva nje zeHernian , enegama *likaFrusna* kwaye emva koko yaseRoma yeLatium adiactum *njengeFrùsino*, ngexesha lembali yayo yewaka leminyaka ibiphantsi kokuphanziswa okuninzi kunye nokuphangwa okubangelwa. ngokwendawo yayo ye-geostrategic; ngenxa yoku, kunye nangenxa yokutshatyalaliswa ngenxa yeziganeko ze-seismic (eyona ntlekele yenzeke ngoSeptemba 1349 ), igcina kuphela inqabileyo nangona impawu ezibalulekileyo zexesha elidlulileyo. Phakathi kwezi kukho iAmphitheatre yaseRoma, izinto ezifunyenweyo ezigcinwe kwimyuziyam ye-archaeological yesixeko kunye neTomb yaseSant'Angelo .
Umncedisi kasompempe

**Umncedisi kasompempe**, owaziwa ngamagama embali ekusetyenzisweni kwegama elithi " ***lineman*** ", ***"lineman"*** okanye ***"lineman"*** , ligosa lomdlalo elincedisa usompempe osembindini ekwalathiseni umdlalo webhola ekhatywayo .

Kumdlalo ngamnye, kukhuphiswano lwe-amateur kunye nolutsha, zimbini kuphela ezichongiweyo ngokwesiko, ngubani ke ngoko, kunye nosompempe, okubizwa ngokuba *"ngusompempe abathathu"* .

Kwimidlalo yobuchwephesha ( Serie A, B kunye noC ) abancedisi bahluka ukusuka kwi-3 ukuya kwi-6.

Igama elisemthethweni le-lineman ( *linesmen* ngesiNgesi) latshintshwa libe leli langoku ngo -1996 yiFIFA, eyayijolise ekuboniseni ngcono intsingiselo yanamhlanje ukuba ifakwe kwindima, kwaye okwesibini ukwenza isikhundla sivulekele ukulingana ngokwesini (ekubeni *amadoda* IsiNgesi sithetha "amadoda").

E- Italy, abaNcedisi bachazwa ngokusemthethweni ngesifinyezo **AA** ( *uMncedisi woMpempe* ).

Ukongeza kwi-acronym *AA*, inombolo ye -1 okanye i-2 ikwasetyenziselwa ukubonisa iNombolo yoMncedisi 1 *(AA1)*, okt lowo usebenza kwicala elisecaleni kufuphi nalapho iibhentshi zibekwe khona  (ohlala engoyena unamava ezimbini), kunye nenombolo yoMncedisi 2 *(AA2)*, okt lowo usebenza kwelinye icala le-pitch, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwicala lokumisa.
Shamsul Arefin Shakti

**Shamsul Arefin Shakti** (full name: Amiruzzaman Muhammad Shamsul Arefin Shakti) is a Bangladeshi writer, editor, blogger, islamic activist, physician. He is professionally and widely known as Dr. Shamsul Arefin. He is known for his creative works on science and religion, theism, atheism, gender, feminism, orientalism, occidentalism, philosophy etc. Dr. Shamsul Arefin gained great recognition through his first published bestseller book "Double Standard", " Double Standard 2.0".

## Early life and education
Dr. Shamsul Arefin was born on May 1, 1989 in Bogura, Bangladesh.
Shamsul Arefin passed Secondary School Certificate|secondary from Jhenaidah Cadet College in 2005 and higher secondary in 2008. He then obtained his MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery) degree from Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka. While at Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, he was involved in the politics of the Bangladesh Chhatra League. He is currently employed as a government medical officer.

## Career
Shamsul Arefin started his writing career with the book "Double Standard". This book was a bestseller at the 2019 Book Fair. And his next popular book was *Koshtipathor*. As a Muslim writer, he has written a number of books on Islam, some of which have been written in the form of stories and some as essays. Shamsul Arefin gained popularity mainly through his research and discussion on various aspects of Islam and by writing books on various Islamic ideologies and doctrines. Shamsul Arefin, in his books, tries to express Islamic doctrines and ideologies as well as give logical explanations on various aspects of Islam and answer various questions raised against Islam. His books also provide Islamic interpretations of various aspects of society and personal and family rules of Islamic conduct. The failure of Western civilization and the inevitability of Islam are also further raised in his writings.

## Bibliography

* Double Standard (2017)
* Koshtipathor (2018)
* Manoshangko: (Koshtipathor 2) (2019)
* Qurratu Aiyun: Je Jibon Juray Noyon (2019)
* Double Standard 2.0 (2020)
* Qurratu Aiyun - 2: Je Jibon Juray Monon (2020)
* Shontan Gorar Kowshol (ed.) (2021)
* Bibaho-Path (2021)
* Katgora: (Koshtipathor-3) (2021)
* Jobab (2021)
* Psychology: Islamic Dristikon (ed.) (2020)
* Portaborton (2018)
* Moner Moto Salat (ed.) (2021)
* Obaddhotar Itihash (2022)
* Islame Das Dasi Beybostha: Juddho Monostotto, Geneva Convention and Bastobota (2022)
* Ovishopto Rongdhonu (2020)
I-Accra

**IAccra** likomkhulu nesona sixeko sinabantu abaninzi eGhana . Ikwalikomkhulu lommandla ongaselunxwemeni we- Greater Accra kunye nesithili se-Accra Metropolis, ehlala kuwo wonke ummandla. Liziko lolawulo, lezoqoqosho kunye nonxibelelwano lwelizwe lonke; enyanisweni, ngaphezulu kwe-70% yezakhiwo zemveliso zaseGhana zilapha.

I-Accra ibilikomkhulu laseGhana ukusukela ngo-1877 kwaye igcina uthotho lwezakhiwo zikawonke-wonke ezingqina utshintsho lwayo ukusuka kwihlomela-dolophu yenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba yase- Victoriasborg ukuya kwi- metropolis yanamhlanje. Phakathi kwezona ndawo zikhangayo zabakhenkethi yiMyuziyam yeSizwe yaseGhana (kunye namacandelo omboniso we -archeology, i-ethnography kunye nobugcisa obuvela kwi -prehistory kuze kube namhlanje), iTheatre yeSizwe kunye nolwakhiwo lwanamhlanje olungathandabuzekiyo, iZiko leSizwe lezoBugcisa (elidibanisa zonke iindidi zendawo. ubugcisa bezandla), i-Independence Square enkulu neyanamhlanje, iKwame Nkrumah Mausoleum, iZiko leNgqungquthela lamazwe ngamazwe, i- Anglican Cathedral ye-Holy Trinity, ichweba lokuloba e-Jamestown kunye neMarike yaseMakola.
Šibenik

**IŠibenik** (ngesiCroatia *Šibenik*) sisixeko saseCroatia esinabemi abangama , ikomkhulu lommandla weŠibenik-Knin, ekummandla wembali weDalmatia ecaleni koLwandle lweAdriatic, kufutshane noLwandle lweAdriatic . umlomo womlambo iKrka kwibhayi yendalo edityaniswe nolwandle ngomjelo weSant'Antonio      . 

E-Šibenik kukho izakhiwo ezibini zembali eziye zafakwa kuluhlu lwe -UNESCO World Heritage Sites, i -cathedral yaseSan Giacomo kunye nenqaba yaseSan Nicolò, le yokugqibela ibe yinxalenye yesiphaluka senkcubeko ye-UNESCO ye *-Venetian yokukhusela isebenza phakathi kwe-16th kunye ne-17th inkulungwane. : State from Land-State from Western Sea* . Ngenxa yoko, ubutyebi bezoqoqosho be-Šibenik bukhulu lukhenketho, ubunzima bayo kuqoqosho lwengingqi buye bakhula ngokuthe ngcembe.
Cerignola

**Cerignola** 

ngumasipala wase-Italiya onabemi abangama-   kwiphondo laseFoggia ePuglia, ebekwe kufutshane ne- Ofanto Boards kwintlambo yase-Ofanto kumda osemazantsi kumda. Ngoyena masipala mkhulu kwingingqi yasePuglia nakuwo wonke amazantsi e-Italiya, okwesithathu e-Itali, eyandulelwa kuphela yiRoma kunye neRavenna kwaye ke ngoko kuqala phakathi koomasipala abangengabo amakomkhulu. Abemi besi sixeko babizwa ngokuba i-cerignolani.

Imbali yeso sixeko ibonakala ingaqinisekanga, kwakhona ngenxa yenyikima ye-1731 eyatshabalalisa phantse yonke idolophana ephakathi (eyaziwa ngakumbi ngegama likaTerra Vecchia ); ukufunyanwa kwemibhalo ekroliweyo nezinto zakudala ezembiweyo kummandla weso sixeko kungqina ukuba uphuhliso lwesi sixeko lwaqala phantsi kolawulo lwamaRoma, esathi sathi kamva saba *ngumasipala* .

Uxwebhu lokuqala olukhankanya isixeko yi " *Diplomatic Code of Bari* ", yomhla we -1150, ekhankanya " *domum Malgerii Cidoniole* ".Ngowe- 1503 idabi eliphakathi kwamaFrentshi namaSpanish lokubamba uBukumkani baseNaples laliwa apha; ama-Iberia aphuma ephumelele ungquzulwano, ekhokelwa nguConsalvo da Cordova, owaphumelela imbangi yakhe uLouis d'Armagnac, uDuke waseNemours .

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula imizabalazo yabalimi ekhokelwa nguGiuseppe Di Vittorio, eyavumela ukuqatshelwa kwamalungelo amakhulu kubasebenzi bomhlaba kunye nodumo lwe-50% ye- sharecroppers, kunye nokuqinisekiswa okuqinileyo kwendima yombutho wabasebenzi e-Italy.

I-Cerignola isihlalo se-episcopal se- diocese yaseCerignola-Ascoli Satriano  .
EVienna

**IVienna** ( ngesiJamani *Wien*, e Austro- Bavarian *Wean*, e *Bécs* Hungarian, e Slovenian *Dunaj*) likomkhulu laseAustria kwaye kwangaxeshanye elinye lamazwe alo alithoba amanyeneyo, engqongwe ngokupheleleyo yiLower Austria, umasipala wesithandathu ngobukhulu kwi -European Union ngabahlali.

Ikhaya kwimibutho ebalulekileyo yamazwe ngamazwe equka: uMbutho wamazwe aThumela iPetroleum (OPEC), i- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) kunye noMbutho weZizwe eziManyeneyo (UN) kunye neziko eliyimbali yesixeko esibhengezwe njengelifa lehlabathi le- UNESCO., ikwaliziko lemizi-mveliso eline, ubukhulu becala, i-electronic, textile, agri-food, intsimbi, iikhemikhali kunye namashishini achanekileyo. Isixeko, esinemizekelo eyahlukeneyo yoyilo lweBaroque kwaye sinokubonakaliswa njengendawo yokuzalwa yesitayile *seJugend*, simelwe ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha ngeendawo eziluhlaza kubandakanya iipaki, iigadi kunye neenkuni, eziye zibe ziindawo zokuzonwabisa kunye neendibano zentlalo. Emva kwentshabalalo enzima kakhulu eyenzeka ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, ukwakhiwa kwayo kunye nelifa lemveli layo lakhiwa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye lomelezwa.

Kuyaziwa ngokubamba abaninzi abaqambi abakhulu be18th kunye ne19th inkulungwane : Antonio Vivaldi, Niccolò Paganini, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Franz Joseph Haydn, Antonio Salieri, Ludwig van Beethoven, Gioachino Rossini Strauss, Johannes Brahms, Anton Bruckner, Franz Liszt, Gustav Mahler, Arnold Schönberg kunye nokunye.

Kwiminyaka emine elandelelanayo (i-2009-2012) iphephancwadi *i-Mercer* libeka iVienna kuqala kwindawo yayo ye-100 yezixeko ezinomgangatho obalaseleyo wobomi. Ngo-2014, emva kokuba idliwe yiMelbourne, yabuyela kwindawo yokuqala.
Vigevano

**IVigevano** ( IPA :  okanye ,   *isiAvgevan* ngesiVigevanese dialect  ) ngumasipala wase-Italiya onabemi abangama   kwiphondo lasePavia eLombardy .

Iziko lemizi-mveliso elibaluleke kakhulu kuzwelonke, iVigevano yaziwa ngokuba kudala yaba yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili zokuvelisa izihlangu kwihlabathi. Ngomnyaka we-1866 umzi-mveliso wokuqala wezihlangu kwakhiwa apho , wavula ixesha lonyaka elaliza kukhokelela kwikomkhulu laseLomellino ukuba livelise amashumi ezigidi zezihlangu ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle kwihlabathi liphela, zafumana igama lesiqhulo elithi "inkunzi yesihlangu. ". Nanamhlanje, i- International Footwear Museum, ehlala kwiNqaba yaseSforzesco, igcina ubungqina bexesha elibalulekileyo kwimbali yezoshishino zase-Italian. Umasipala ungowesibini kwiphondo ngenani labemi emva kwekomkhulu kwaye okokuqala ngendawo, ebandakanyiwe ngokupheleleyo kwipaki yendalo yaseLombard yeTicino Valley .

Kudala bonwabele ukuzimela okwahlukeneyo kwimbali yayo, sele ingumasipala okhululekileyo odityaniswa kwi -Lombard League yesibini  kunye nenkunzi yeVigevanasco, kunye nesihlalo sobubhishophu . Ikwayisisixeko sokuqala saseLombard ukufumana itayitile yesixeko kumaxesha anamhlanje .
Casale Monferrato

**ICasale Monferrato** ngumasipala wase-Italiya onabemi abangama   kunye nephondo lase-Amontdia .Ibekwe phakathi kweAlessandria kunye neVercelli, iCasale Monferrato ngumasipala wesibini onabantu abaninzi kwiphondo, emva kwekomkhulu, kunye nelinye lamaziko ommandla wephondo njengoko likhaya esibhedlele, iziko lesikolo esiphakamileyo kunye nezinye iinkonzo zabemi. 

Ukususela oko yaba *ngumasipala* waseRoma esi sixeko besilelona ziko libalulekileyo kummandla osingqongileyo  ; emva kwexesha lokuhla okubangelwa ukuwa koBukhosi baseNtshona baseRoma kunye nokuhlaselwa kwabantu abangaqhelekanga, ngokwenene, yaba ngumasipala okhululekileyo kwaye ukusuka kwi -15 ukuya kwi -16 yenkulungwane yayiyinkunzi yePalaiologi . Emva koko yaba yindawo yosapho lukaGonzaga, owakha enye yezona nqaba zikhulu kunye nezona zidumileyo zaseYurophu. Yakhutshiswana ngenkulungwane ye-17 neye -18 phakathi kwe-French kunye ne-Spanish, ngexesha le- Risorgimento yayiyenye yeendlela zokuzikhusela ngokuchasene noBukhosi base-Austrian .
IVenice

**IVenice** ngumasipala wase-Italiya onabemi abangama- ,  ikomkhulu lesixeko esilikomkhulu esinegama elifanayo nelommandla waseVeneto . . Umasipala wokuqala kwingingqi yeVeneto ngokwendawo yomphezulu  kwaye okwesibini ngokwemiqathango yabemi emva kweVerona , uphakathi kwezixeko eziphezulu kwihlabathi ngobuhle kunye nembali, ukubaluleka kobugcisa kunye nenkcubeko. Ibandakanya yomibini imimandla engaphandle kunye neyomhlaba omkhulu kwaye yakhiwe malunga namaziko amabini aphambili eVenice ( kumbindi wechweba elinegama elifanayo ) kunye neMestre ( kumhlaba omkhulu ).

Isixeko sasilikomkhulu leRiphabhlikhi yaseSerenissima yaseVenice iminyaka eli-1,100 kwaye yaziwa ngoku *njengeSerenissima*, *iDominant* kunye *neKumkanikazi ye-Adriatic* : ngenxa yeempawu zayo zokucwangciswa kwedolophu kunye nelifa lemveli lobugcisa, ithathwa njengenye ye ezona zixeko zintle ehlabathini, zibhengezwe, kunye nechweba layo, indawo yelifa lehlabathi yi- UNESCO,  eye yanegalelo ekwenzeni isixeko sesibini sase-Italiya emva kweRoma esinendawo ehamba phambili yabakhenkethi. 

Kunye neCannes kunye neBerlin, ithathwa njengenye yeedolophu ezinkulu ze -cinema yaseYurophu, ngenxa yeVenice International Film Festival .
B series

**Ubuntshatsheli beSerie B**, mfutshane ngokudibeneyo kwiSerie **B** kwaye ngokusemthethweni ibizwe ngokuba yiSerie **BKT** ngezizathu zenkxaso, licandelo lesibini lobuchwephesha lobuntshatsheli bebhola ekhatywayo yamadoda e-Itali, elawulwa yiLega Nazionale Professionisti B.
Murcia

**IMurcia** sisixeko esikumazantsi eSpain, ikomkhulu loluntu oluzimeleyo lwaseMurcia . Ngabemi abangama-447,182 (idatha ye-2018), sisixeko sesixhenxe saseSpain ngabemi.

Isixeko semizi-mveliso nesorhwebo, sisembindini wommandla omkhulu nochumileyo ( iHuerta de Murcia ) onkcenkceshelwa ngumlambo iSegura .

Ifumaneka kumazantsi-mpuma e- Iberian Peninsula malunga nama-40&nbsp;Iikhilomitha ukusuka kuLwandle lweMeditera, indawo yedolophu yaseMurcia, nangona ingavunywanga ngokusemthethweni, ibandakanya ishumi elinambini loomasipala abadibeneyo kubemi abamalunga nama-650,000 bebonke, beyenza indawo ye-10 yedolophu yaseSpain.

I-Murcia Cathedral yeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo yokunqula yamaKatolika esixekweni nakummandla. Sisihlalo sobubhishophu kunye nedyunivesithi. Ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yobukho beeyunivesithi ezimbini (i- *Universidad de Murcia* kunye ne- *UCAM* yabucala), sisixeko esinabantu abancinci abaninzi, abafundi baseSpain nabangaphandle, kubandakanya uninzi lwabafundi baka-Erasmus . Kukwakho neendawo ezininzi zorhwebo ezinkulu esixekweni. Iklabhu yebhola ekhatywayo enembali kakhulu Real Murcia, edlala kwibala elitsha elithi " *Nueva Condomina* " ukususela kwi-2006.
Benevento

**IBenevento**  

Ekuqaleni ebizwa *Malies*  yi Irpinia bomthonyama - abemi Samnite  waza wathiywa ngokutsha ngamaRoma amandulo kuqala *Maleventum* kwaye ekugqibeleni *Beneventum*, esi sixeko iqhayise ephawulekayo zembali-artistic kunye nelifa lemveli, isiphumo solawulo ezahlukeneyo kunye namaqumrhu ukuba zalandelana ngexesha lembali yayo. Ukususela ngoJuni 2011, icawa yaseSanta Sofia, eyakhiwe kwi-760 yi-Lombard duke Arechi II, ibe yinxalenye yendawo yelifa lehlabathi le-UNESCO ngaphakathi kwendawo ye-serial Lombards eItali: iindawo zamandla . Isimboli seso sixeko yiArch of Trajan, ebonakala ngathi yenye yee-arches zoloyiso zaseRoma ezinee-reliefs ezigcinwe kakuhle. Sisihlalo se- archdiocese yaseBenevento .
Serie C

**Ubuntshatsheli beSerie C**,  ishunqulelwe ngokusesikweni kwiSerie **C** kwaye ibizwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuba **iSerie C NOW** ngenxa yezizathu zenkxaso, luluhlu lwesithathu lobuchwephesha lobuntshatsheli bebhola ekhatywayo yamadoda ase-Italiya, elona lisezantsi lendalo yobungcali.

Ukusukela ngo-2014 ibiyeyona kuphela ubuntshatsheli obuququzelelwe yi- Italian Professional Football League, emva kokumanyana phakathi kweCandelo lokuQala kunye neleSibinikwicandelo elinye elibizwa ngokuba **iLega Pro** kude kube yi-2017, ebuyisele ifomathi ekhoyo phakathi kwe-1935 kunye ne-1978 (unyaka apho C yahlula kwi-Series C1 kunye neC2).

Ngomhla we-25 Meyi 2017, indibano yeLega Pro yavuma ngamxhelo mnye ukubuyela kwigama lokuqala, njengoko igama lokuqala lalithathwa njengelona limele abalandeli kunye nabanomdla.
ISerie A 2022-2023

I**-2022-2023 Serie A** yayiluhlelo lwe-121 lwenqwelomoya ephezulu yentshatsheli yebhola ekhatywayo yase-Italiya (ye-91 neqela IGironeunico), edlalwe phakathi kwe-13 ka-Agasti 2022 kunye ne-4 kaJuni 2023 kwaye yaqukunjelwa ngokuloyiso INapoli, isihloko sabo sesithathu, amashumi amathathu . -iminyaka emithathu emva kwempumelelo yokugqibela.

Umdlali ofumene amanqaku aphezulu kwitumente nguVictor Osimhen (Napoli) onamagowuli angama-26.
Sassari

**ISassari** ngumasipala waseItali enabemi abayi  , ikomkhulu. yephondo elinegama elifanayo eSardinia .

Inkunzi yamandulo yeGiudicato yaseTorres, yeRiphabhlikhi yaseSassari kwaye emva koko yeGiudicato yaseArborea, isihlalo seyunivesithi, i-archiepiscopal kunye nesebe lenkundla yesibheno, isixeko sesibini kwisiqithi ngabantu.

Ngokusekelwe kumthetho wengingqi 4 February 2016, n. I-2, wanika ubomi, kunye no -Alghero, kwinethiwekhi ye-metropolitan ye-Northern Sardinia equka oomasipala baseCastellado, Porto Torres, Sennori, Sorso, Valledoria kunye ne- Stintino  .
Ipago pago

**I-Pago Pago** ( ibizo-magama : *Pango Pango*, [ˈpaŋo ˈpaŋo] ) yidolophana yaseAmerican Samoa ekwiNqila yaseMa'Oputasi kwiSithili esiseMpuma, kunye nekomkhulu leAmerican Samoa .

Ifumaneka kumbindi wesiqithi saseTutuila, inommandla we-  kwaye ngokobalo luka-2000, inabemi abangama   .

Nangona ilikomkhulu elisemthethweni leziqithi, isihlalo semibutho yowiso-mthetho yilali yaseFagatogo  .

Inxalenye yommandla wale lali ikwiAmerican Samoa National Park .

NgoSeptemba 29 , 2009, iPago Pago yonakaliswa kakhulu yitsunami emva kwenyikima enomlinganiselo we-8.2 kwi-Richter Scale.
Pescara

**Pescara** ngumasipala waseItali enabemi  , ikomkhulu lephondo Azzo efanayo . Ngoyena masipala unabemi abaninzi kulo mmandla kwaye, kunye ne-L' Aquila, likhaya leeofisi zebhunga, ibhunga kunye namasebe ommandla   .

Iindawo zokuhlala zokuqala zePescara zibuyela ubuncinane kwi-1st millennium BC kwaye zidibene nesixeko saseRoma sase *-Aternum*, ichweba kwi-Adriatic yaseRoma yamandulo.  Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, indawo yayo yobuchule ibonakalise uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho nentlalo yesixeko, ekuqaleni yayinqunyelwe kumsebenzi wokhuselo lomkhosi woBukumkani baseNaples emva koko, ukusuka kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, ephawulwe isimo sengqondo esineziqhamo kwitrafikhi yorhwebo kunye nokhenketho lolwandle.  

Esi sixeko sinenkangeleko yale mihla, ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokwakhiwa ngokutsha kulandela uthotho lweebhombu ezinzima eziye zenziwa ngexesha leMfazwe yeSibini yeHlabathi, ebangele ukutshatyalaliswa kwenxalenye enkulu yeziko ledolophu.
Irhasi

**I-petroli** yinto enokutsha kakhulu, ebonakalayo, elula kakhulu, ephuzi, eneoli enevumba elimnandi, efunyenwe kwi- distillation yeoli ekrwada kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwe-35 kunye ne 215 °C  . Kwilitha yeoli, kuphela i-10% eba yipetroli emva kwedistillation yokuqala elula. Ukusebenzisa amaqhezu anzima (i-diesel enzima kunye ne-distillation residues) kunokwenzeka ukufumana iamolekyu ezincinci ezifanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa njengepetroli, ngenxa yonyango olubizwa ngokuba yi *-catalytic cracking*, apho i-hydrocarbons yobunzima obukhulu be -molecular iyahlukana phambi kobukho be- catalyst .

Kwi- European Union kude kube yi-2000, unyaka wokuvinjelwa kokusetyenziswa kwe -lead compounds njenge-anti-knock agents, yongezwa kunye ne -tetraethyl lead . Emva koko, i-petroli engenalothe yachongwa ngegama *lepetroli eluhlaza*, enombala oluhlaza ngokongeza i-pigments ethile.
Waldshut-Tiengen

**IWaldshut-Tiengen** sisixeko saseJamani emi kumazantsi-ntshona elizwe laseBaden -Württemberg, kumda weSwitzerland, ikomkhulu kunye nesixeko esikhulu sesithili saseWaldshut .

Ngokuguqulwa kwemimiselo yendawo kwi -1975, isixeko saba sisixeko esikhulu sesithili ( *Große Kreisstadt* ) ukusuka kwi-1 kaJulayi 1976 . Ngoomasipala baseDogern, Lauchringen kunye ne Weilheim, iWaldshut-Tiengen idale uluntu lolawulo .
Davidson Don Tengo Jabavu

## Intshayelelo

### Imvelaphi
UDavidson Don Tengo (D.D.T) Jabavu wazalwa ngeyeDwarha ngo-1885, kwindawo eyayibizwa ngokuba yi-Cape British Colony (Ikoloni), kusapho olwalungumzekelo lwengqiqo yobuKrestu ethi, ukuba ngumKrestu kukuphucuka, nokuphucuka kukuba ngumKrestu. Wayeyinkulu kubantwana abathandathu. Bobabini abazali bakhe bakhulele kwiintsapho ezingama Krestu. Umama wakhe, u-Elda Sakuba Jabavu, wayeyintombi kaMfundisi uJames B Sakuba, umfundisi waseWesile. Uyise, uJohn Tengo Jabavu, wayengumhleli wephephandaba lesiXhosa nesiNgesi Imvo Zabantsundu. 

#### Imvelaphi yoSapho
Bobabini ooSakuba kunye nooJabavu babengamaMfengu. Ngokwendlela yokutolika okusemgangathweni, amaMfengu agxothwe yiMfecane, ukuphazamiseka okubangelwe kukwanda kobukumkani bakwaZulu ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. AmaMfengu aqala ukuba ngabaxhasi besiXhosa samaGcaleka eMpuma Koloni ngeminyaka yoo-1820 emva koko, ngo-1835, azimanya namakoloniyali aseBritani, esamkela inguquko yobuKrestu, norhulumente waseBritane nemfundo.

##### Imingeni kunye nefuthe lobuhlanga
Kwiimfazwe ezintathu ezalandelayo zenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba phakathi kwamaNgesi namaXhosa, amaMfengu alwa namaNgesi. Eyokugqibela ye Independent African states yayiza koyiswa ngo-1898, ngobusuku bangaphambi kweMfazwe yoMzantsi Afrika yango-1899-1902 phakathi kwamaBhulu (inzala yabemi bamaDatshi benkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe) kunye namakoloniyali aseBritani. Into yokuba uJohn Tengo Jabavu wayenguMfengu ngamanye amaxesha yayinokuchaphazela umsebenzi wakhe wokuba yintatheli, nangona ngokuqhelekileyo, ipolitiki yobuhlanga yayijongelwe phantsi ngabafana namabhinqa asuka kwiimvelaphi ezahlukeneyo (amaPedi, amaXhosa, amaMfengu) abafundiswa kwizikolo zobufundisi bobuKrestu.

## Imithombo Yolwazi
In India and East Africa E-Indiya Nase East Africa - Google Books

Mbotshelwa, S.V. 2023
NgoJulayi putsch

I***-Putsch*** **kaJulayi** yayilinge lobhukuqo olungaphumelelanga ngokuchasene nolawulo lwe-Austrofascist ngamaNazi ase-Austrian, olwathi lwenzeka phakathi kwe-25 kunye ne-30 kaJulayi 1934.

Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kwiMfazwe yamakhaya yase-Austrian, amaNazi ase-Austrian kunye namajoni aseJamani ama-SS ahlasela iChancellery eVienna ngelinge lokususa urhulumente olawulayo wePatriotic Front phantsi kuka- Engelbert Dollfuss ukuze athathelwe indawo ngurhulumente oxhasa amaNazi phantsi kuka- Anton weQela. Rintelen Christian social. I-putsch yamaNazi ekugqibeleni yasilela, njengoko uninzi lwabantu base-Austrian kunye nomkhosi bahlala bethembekile kurhulumente. AmaNazi akwazi ukumbulala uDollfuss, kodwa uKurt Schuschnigg wangena ezihlangwini zakhe kwaye ulawulo lweAustrofascist lwahlala lulawula.

Uhlaselo lwaseJamani lwase-Austria luxhasa i-putsch lwathintelwa ngenxa yesiqinisekiso senkululeko kunye nenkxaso yezozakuzo eyafunyanwa yi-Austria kwi-Italiya yobuFasi.
Galaji

**Igalaji** yayiyinqanawa yemfazwe enamandla, eyenzelwe ukulwa nokuhamba kolwandle, ixhaphake kakhulu kwi-16th kunye nekota yokuqala yekhulu le-17. Ubuchwephesha bendlalifa kwinkqubela phambili yolwandle eyayinike kuqala kwi- caravel kwaye emva koko kwi- carrack, i-galleon yayinokwenzeka ukuba iphuhliswe ngabaseSpain, kodwa kusengumcimbi wengxabano namhlanje ukuba yiyiphi ilizwe elidala kuqala.

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo zeenqanawa zelo xesha, i-galleon yayilungiselelwe ngokukodwa uhambo olude lolwandle. Olona tshintsho luphambili lwalubandakanya i-forecastle esezantsi, i-stercastle emile okwesikweri kunye ne-hull eyandisiweyo. Olu tshintsho lwamva luzise uzinzo olukhulu emanzini kwaye lwehla ukuxhathisa komoya, okubangele inqanawa ekhawulezayo nenokulawuleka ngakumbi kuneentlobo zangaphambili. Iinqaba azizange zipheliswe ngenxa yokuba, nangona zazinzima ukuhamba ngenqanawa, zasebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwimisebenzi yasemkhosini, zisenza ukhuseleko olusebenzayo ngokuchasene nokukhwela.

.
Isonka sesonka

**I-Breadwinner** ligama elichaza imodeli yokuphila kosapho ephuhliswe kwiinkulungwane apho umthwalo wezoqoqosho kunye nesondlo soluntu luphela zixhomekeke kwilungu elinye  (kwaye apho kunokwenzeka ukuba amanye amalungu anomsebenzi oncedisayo). Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane le modeli iye yaba nophuhliso oluphantse lube ngoosolusapho, ubuncinci kwinkqubo yaseNtshona (cinga nje ngophuhliso lwemibutho yamafeudal okanye, nangokuhlala kufutshane nanamhlanje, uluntu lwenkulungwane ye-18 neye-19, apho abafazi babekho. iphantsi kakhulu.) Kule minyaka ingamashumi amathathu idlulileyo, nangona kunjalo, le modeli ibonise ukuguqulwa okuqinileyo kwendlela, ukunxibelelana kwakhona kwimeko yokufuduka kunye nokukhula kwinqanaba labasetyhini, apho umfazi ofudukayo engamandla aqhuba uqoqosho losapho, eqhuba imisebenzi njengomongi. okanye umsebenzi. Le meko igqalwa ixhaphake kakhulu kumazwe aseScandinavia naseBelgium apho, phantse kuzo zonke iintsapho ezifudukayo, umfazi unomvuzo, ngoxa umyeni engenawo  .