UDora Nginza

**UDora Nginza**, owaziwa ngokuba "nguMama waseNew Brighton" wazalwa ngomhla wamashumi anesixhenxe kwinyanga yeDwarha ngonyaka ka 1891 waze wayosweleka ngonyaka ka 1955, wayengumongikazi owayengomnye woovulindlela bokuqala nabanefuthe kakhulu kwinkonzo yezempilo yoluntu kubantu abamnyama eNew Brighton, iGqeberha, eMpuma Koloni, eMzantsi Afrika.

## Ibali lobomi
UDora Nginza wazalwa engu Dora Jacob kuMnumzana noNkosikazi Hermanus Nyamezela Jacob ngomhla we 17 eyeDwarha 1891 eCradock, eMpuma Koloni. Abazali bakhe babengazifundanga ngenxa yokwahlulahlula abantu ngokobuhlanga nokuxhaphazwa kwezoqoqosho. Abantakwabo ababini, uFrank noJohn baba ngamapolisa aqeqeshiweyo nangona kwakukho ixesha elinzima. Xa baqonda ukuba amapolisa "abemibala" afumana imali eninzi kunamadoda awo "abamnyama", balungisa igama likayise ukusuka kuJacob ukuya kuJacobs, baza babhalisa njengama "abemibali" kwiiphepha-mali zemali zamapolisa. Utata kaDora wafa xa wayesemncinane. Wafumana imfundo yakhe yokuqala e-Cradock, esebenzisa igama elihlelwe "uJacobs",  kwaye kamva wayikhuthaza IPort Elizabeth. Waqhubeka nokuqeqeshwa njengomongikazi kwiSibhedlele saseVictoria, eLovedale eAlice, eMpuma Koloni ngexesha Imfazwe Yehlabathi I, waba ngomnye wabagqirha abathathu bokuqala baseAfrika abaqeqeshwe phantsi koNel Mac Vicar. Emva koko waphumelela uviwo lwe-SAMDC lokufaneleka ukuba abhaliswe njengomongikazi kwiSibhedlele sasePort Elizabeth ngo-1919. Ngomhla wama-20 kuJanuwari 1920 wafumana isidanga sokuba ngumongikazi ogqibeleleyo. 

Ngowe-1923, watshata neNtloko uHenry Nginza ukusuka kwicandelo laseGcaleka phantsi kwesiduko samaRharhabe. Yena nomyeni wakhe uHenry babehlala nabantwana babo eyayingengobabo ngokwegazi koko babeba chongile ukuze babakulise, unyana wabo uVelile nentombi yakhe uChristine eNew Brighton. Xa umyeni wakhe wasweleka ngenyanga EyeThupha 12, ngama-1943, kwafuneka kufunyanwe umongameli omtsha. Inqununu enkulu yamaRharhabe, uArchibald Velile Sandile, wanika uDora ubuntloko beqela I-Gcaleka. Kude kube kusweleka kwakhe, wahlala engummeli we I-Eastern Cape Urban Area, exoxa kwaye exoxa namadoda ngemicimbi yobuzwe. 

UDade Nginza wathatha umhlala-phantsi kwizigulana ngonyaka wama-1954 waza wasweleka ngenyanga yeSilimela ngonyaka wama-1966kwisibhedlele saseLivingstone emva kokusuntywa yingulo ixesha elifutshane eneminyaka engama - 75. Wangcwatywa ecaleni komyeni wakhe, kwaye kamva wangcwatywa kwakhona kwindawo yeDora Nginza Hospital kwilokishi yaseZwide, eGqeberha.

Ngokophando olwenziwe ziingcali ngabasebenzi bezempilo abamnyama eMzantsi Afrika, ngexesha lolawulo localucalulo abantu abaninzi ababa ngabahlengikazi noogqirha baziva betsaleleke kakhulu kunyango. Abanye babecinga ukuba lubizo lonqulo ngelixa abanye babekholelwa ukuba lubizo oluqhelekileyo lokuphilisa abagulayo nokunceda abo babandezelekileyo.  Ekugqityweni kwesikolo sakhe noqeqesho, uSister Dora waqala ukusebenza ngomhla woku-1 kweyeNkanga ngo-1919 kwaye wayengumongikazi wokuqala wesithili ukusebenza eNew Brighton, ngaphandle kwePort Elizabeth, eMpuma Koloni . Ngexesha lokuqeshwa kwakhe, iNew Brighton yayinezinga eliphezulu lokufa kwaye yayingafumani nkonzo zonyango. Waqala ukusebenza endlwini elula eyayisebenza njengesibhedlele sokwexeshana esineebhedi ezintandathu kuphela, ezazinikezelwa ngurhulumente.  Umsebenzi wakhe ekuphuhlisweni kwezempilo kwilokishi wanconywa liSebe leMicimbi yezeNdalo. UNginza wayejoyinwe ngabahlengikazi ababini abaqeqeshwe eLovedale, kwaye iqela latyelela abantu abangama-6,000 eNew Brighton kunye nokuqhuba isibhedlele esincinci.  USister Nginza wayekwasebenza njengombelekisi, umpheki kunye nococeko. Ngo-1923, watshintshelwa kwiSebe lezeMpilo lasePort Elizabeth njengosisi omkhulu wabahlengikazi, kodwa waqhubeka nokubonelela ngeenkonzo zempilo eNew Brighton. USister Nginza wathatha umhlala-phantsi ngo-1954 emva kweminyaka engama-35 yenkonzo yabahlengikazi, eshiya ikliniki yaseNew Brighton enabasebenzi abangama-25 ababhalisiweyo ababonelela ngeenkonzo zempilo kuluntu. Wabizwa ngokuba ngu "Mama waseNew Brighton" ngenxa yokuzinikela kwakhe kwimpilo-ntle apho. 

## Iindumiso

* Ngasese, phakathi kokungaqiniseki kwenkcubeko, ucalulo, ubuhlwempu, ukungazi malunga nemikhuba yezempilo kunye neengxaki eziphazamisayo zabasebenzi ngo-1920, waseka inkonzo yezempilo epheleleyo eNew Brighton, ePort Elizabeth.
* Waziwa njengomntu obalulekileyo owenza inkqubela enkulu kwezonyango ekuxilongweni komkhuhlane we typhus ngexesha lobhubhane we typhous, efundisa oogqirha.
* Ngowe-1927, wathunyelwa eSwitzerland naseNgilani njengelungu le-Re-Armament Movement.
* Wazingca njengomongikazi ongumzekelo kunye nenkokeli IsiXhosa nakwimimandla ebanzi ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe. Oku kwamenza wafumana isihloko esithi A! INobantu (uMama woLuntu).
* Wanikwa ubuntloko ngo-1945 yintloko ephezulu ye AmaRharhabe emva kokufa komyeni wakhe, intloko uJohn Henry Nginza. Wahlala engummeli wendawo yaseMpuma Koloni de wafa ngo 1966, ngaphandle komfazi ngelo xesha.
* Ngowe-1951, wanikwa iwotshi yegolide yiConsul for African Affairs eseNew York, waba ngumfazi wokuqala waseAfrika ukufumana ibhaso elalinikwa abantu abenza umsebenzi kawonke-wonke owawusinceda abantu baseAfrika.
* Ngowe-1954, uSodolophu wasePort Elizabeth, uLouis Dubb, wamnika isitya sesilivere njengophawu lokuxabisa iPort Elizabeth ngenkonzo yakhe ethembekileyo kubemi baseNew Brighton. 

Namhlanje, kwidolophu encinci yaseZwide, iSibhedlele iDora Nginza, esibizwa ngegama loovulindlela bezonyango kubantu abamnyama eGqeberha, sikwiindawo ezibalaseleyo nezaziwayo ngenxa yenkonzo yakhe kubantu abamnyama eGqeberha ebhayi nakwindawo ekuhlala kuyo iminyaka engama-35. Inebheedi ezingama-570 ezisebenzayo kwaye inikezela ngeenkonzo zempilo zeNqanaba lesibini neNqanaba lesithathu kuluntu lwaseGqeberha nakwiindawo ezikufutshane. Ngonyaka wama-2001, wafumana isidanga sobugqirha esenziwa ngokuhlonela emva kokufa kwakhe yiDyunivesithi yaseBhayi. Umbutho wabahlobo bakaDora Nginza, iiNGO, wasekwa.