Nouakchott

**Nouakchott** ikomkhulu kunye nesixeko esikhulu saseMauritania. Ifumaneka kwindawo esemazantsi ntshona yelizwe, sesinye sezona zixeko zikhulu eSahara. Isixeko sikwasebenza njengeziko lolawulo kunye nezoqoqosho eMauritania.

Yakhe yaba yilali eselunxwemeni esembindini, iNouakchott yakhethwa njengekomkhulu lelizwe laseMauritania. Yayiyilwe kwaye yakhelwe ukuhlalisa abantu abangama-15,000, kodwa yafumana ukukhula okubonakalayo kwabemi ngeminyaka yoo-1970s xa uninzi lwabantu baseMauritaniya babaleka iilali zabo ngenxa yembalela kunye nokwanda kwentlango. Uninzi lwaba bafikayo luhlala kwiindawo ezingootyotyombeni zesixeko ezazingakhathalelwanga kwaye zixinene kakhulu. Phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1980, inani labantu baseNouakchott laliqikelelwa ukuba liphakathi kwama-400,000 ukuya kuma-500,000. 

Ukusukela ngo-2019, esi sixeko besinabemi abaphantse babe sisigidi esi-1.2 kwaye sisebenza njengendawo yoqoqosho lwaseMauritania. Likhaya kwizibuko lamanzi anzulu kunye neNouakchott-Oumtounsy Airport International, esinye sezikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezimbini zelizwe. Ikwabamba iDyunivesithi yaseNouakchott kunye namanye amaziko akhethekileyo emfundo ephakamileyo.

## IJografi

Ifumaneka kunxweme lweAtlantiki kwiNtlango yeSahara, imi kunxweme olusentshona Afrika. Ngaphandle kwePort of Friendship kunye nezibuko elincinci lokuloba, ummandla wonxweme ushiywe ungenanto kwaye uvunyelwe ukukhukula. Unxweme lubandakanya iinduli zesanti eziguqukayo kunye neelwandle ezinesanti. Kukho iindawo ezinesanti ekhawulezayo kufutshane nezibuko. INouakchott ubukhulu becala ithe tyaba kwaye iimitha ezimbalwa kuphela ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Isongelwa ziindunduma zentlabathi ezisuka kwicala elingasempuma ezibangela ingxaki yemihla ngemihla. Kubekho iinzame zokusindisa iindawo ezithile, kubandakanya nomsebenzi kaJean Meunier.  Ngenxa yolwakhiwo olukhawulezayo, esi sixeko sinabile, sinezakhiwo ezide ezimbalwa. Izakhiwo ezininzi zinemigangatho enye.

INouakchott yakhiwe malunga nesitalato esikhulu esinemithi, iAvenue Gamal Abdel Nasser, ehamba emantla mpuma kumbindi wesixeko ukusuka kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya. Yahlula-hlula isixeko sibe zimbini, kunye neendawo zokuhlala ezisemantla kunye nekota ye-medina, kunye ne-kebbe, idolophu ene-shanty eyenziwe ngenxa yokufuduswa kwabantu abavela kwezinye iindawo yintlango. Ezinye izitrato ezikhulu zithiywe (ngesiFrentshi) kumanani aphawulekayo aseMauritanian okanye amazwe ngamazwe ngeminyaka yoo-1960: iAvenue Abdel Nasser, iAvenue uCharles de Gaulle, iAvenue Kennedy, kunye neAvenue Lumumba, umzekelo.

### Imozulu
I-Nouakchott ibonakalisa imozulu eshushu yasentlango (Köppen: BWh ) enamaqondo obushushu ashushu unyaka wonke kodwa amaqondo obushushu ebusika apholileyo ebusuku. Ngenxa yendawo esecaleni kolwandle yesixeko, iNouakchott ayisoloko ishushu njengezinye izixeko ezinemozulu. Sekunjalo, esi sixeko sinokuba neentsuku zokuxinana. Ngelixa umndilili wamaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngokwentelekiso ungaguquguquki kwi-33 °C (91 °F), umyinge wamaqondo obushushu asezantsi unokususela kuma-25 °C (77 °F) ngeenyanga zasehlotyeni ukuya kwi-13 °C (55 °F) ngeenyanga zasebusika. Ubuncinane bobushushu bunokuba ngaphantsi ukuya kutsho kwi-10 °C (50 °F) ngobusuku basebusika eNouakchott. Umndilili wemvula esixekweni yi-95 mm (3.7 in) ngonyaka.

#### Uzinzo
Ukuphendula kwi-450% eqikelelwayo yokwanda kwemfuno yombane phakathi kwe-2010 kunye ne-2030, i-Nouakchott's Sheikh Zayed power plant yagqitywa ngo-2012 kwaye ithathwa njengeyona ndawo inkulu yombane e-Afrika. Imozulu yasentlango ibangela ukufumba kothuli, oluchaphazela kakubi ukusebenza kweepaneli zelanga ze-photovoltaic.

## Ubalo lwabantu
Xa sithelekisa, abemi baso babengama-20 000 kuphela ngowe-1969. Inxalenye yobunzima bokuqikelela abemi besi sixeko kukuba inxalenye yaso ingoonothwal ’ impahlana, ukumisa iintente kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo, emva koko kupakishwe xa kukho imfuneko. Olunye uqikelelo lubeka abemi bango-2008 ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-2. Ubalo luka-2013 lunike abantu besi sixeko njenge-958,399.

## Uqoqosho

I-Nouakchott liziko loqoqosho lwaseMauritania, kunye neekota ezintathu zamashishini ecandelo lenkonzo abekwe kwisixeko ukususela ngo-1999 kunye ne-90% yemisebenzi yoqoqosho yesixeko ebandakanya uthengiselwano olungekho sikweni. Abanye abemi banedilesi ezininzi kwaye bagcina ubudlelwane obuqinileyo kunye nemimandla yabo yemvelaphi, ngamanye amaxesha babuyela emsebenzini.

## Ezothutho

## Iindawo zonqulo
Phakathi kweendawo zokunqula, ubukhulu becala ziimosque zamaSilamsi. Kukho neecawa zamaKristu kunye neetempile: I-Roman Catholic Diocese yaseNouakchott (iCawa yamaKatolika), iicawa zamaProtestanti, iiCawa zeVangeli.

## Iidolophu ezimbini - izixeko ezingoodade

*  Madrid, Spain (1986)
*  Amman, Jordan (1999)
*  Lanzhou, China (2000)