open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Cheryl Carolus

**UCheryl Carolus** owazalwa nge-27 kaMeyi 1958 kwezopolitiko waseMzantsi Afrika. Uzalelwe eSilvertown, eCape Flats, eKapa.Utata wakhe wayeqashwe njengomsekeli wePrinta,umama wakhe wayeyiMongikazi.Wafunda kwisikolo esikufutshane amabanga wakhe aphezulu waze wabayinkokheli yabafundi iabakwibanga leshumi elinambini.Emva kwebanga leshumi elinambini waarejistela isidanga seBA nesidanga sobutitshala kwiDyunivesithi yaseNtshona koloni.UCarolus wabangu titshala wesiNgesi.Wayelilungu elafumana iUWO eNtshona koloni Waangena kwezopolitiko esesikolweni waze wabali litshantliziyo emva kokungena kwiUDF ngonyaka ka-1983.Ngonyaka ka-1986 ngoFebruwari uCarolus wamenywa kwiInternational Centre yeSwedish Labour Movement njengelungu leUDF.Ngonyaka ka-1989,uCarolus wabasisithethi seNtshona koloni ngophulo lwendelo elenziwa yiMDM. Ngonyaka ka1990 xakuphuma utata uNelson Mandela entilongweni wabalilungu leANC.NgoMeyi kwakunyaka ka-1990,UCarolus wonyulwa ukuba abeyingxenye yeDeligeyishini yeANC eyabamba iintetho noRhulumente wocalucalulo waphinda ngoJulayi ka1991 wonyulwa kwiKomiti yeANC.Utshate noGraham Bloch.Ngonyaka ka-1996 wabanguKomishina ophezulu waseMzantsi Afrika eLondon.Phakathi konyaka ka-2001 ukuya kunyaka ka2004 wayenguCEO wezokhenketho zaseMzantsi Afrika.WayenguSihlalo webhodi yeSANPARKS,ngo-2009 wafumana esisihlalo kwaSAA .UkwanguSihlalo wePeotona Holdings,ikampani yezotyalo ejongene nokuphucula amarhwebo.UCarolus lilungu leKomishini yeInternational Crisis Group.Ngonyaka ka-2015 wayengumthenjwa weBritish Museum.Ngemini yesihlanu kuMeyi ka-2015 imizimba yabazali besoka lakhe yafunyanwa eKapa ibotshelelwe izizidumbu.

## Imithombo
Dumisa Ntsebeza

**UDumisa Buhle Ntsebeza** (owazalwa nge-31 ka-Okthobha 1949) liGqwetha leli lo Mzantsi-Afrika, isithethi sikawonke-wonke, umbhali kunye nelungu lezopolitiko elizalelwe eMtata, eMpuma Koloni. Ukwangumzala, uNjingalwazi uLungisile Ntsebeza.
Yvonne Mokgoro

**U-Yvonne Mokgoro** (owazalwa nge-19 ka-Okthobha ngo-1950) ngumthetho obekade eyiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika
Pixley ka Isaka Seme

thumb
**UPixley ka Isaac Seme** (c. 1881 - June 1951) wayengomnye wamagqwetha amnyama wokuqala eMzantsi Afrika (uAlfred Mangena wayengummeli wokuqala omnyama, uDuma Nokwe igqwetha lokuqala labantsundu), nomseki noMongameli we-Afrika I-National Congress.
Fatima Meer

**UFatima Meer** (nge-12 ka-Agasti ka-1928 ukuya kowe-12 ku-Matshi ka-2010) wayengumbhali wase Mzantsi Afrika, ezemfundo, umbhali wesikrini, kunye neqela labalweli-mthetho babalaseleyo. Unina, uRakeli, wayeyinkedama yohlanga lwamaYuda nesiPhuthukezi, kodwa ke waguqukela kubuSilamsi wathatha igama elithi Amina. Utata kaFatima Meer, uMoosa, wazalelwa e-Surat, Gujarat kwaye wayevela kuluntu oluncinci lwaseSunni Bhora. Nangona wayengafundiswanga ngokusemthethweni kwi-theology yamaSilamsi, wayefundeka ngokubanzi kwaye ehlonitshwa ngolwazi kwakhe olukhulu ngobuSilamsi, ubuHindu nobuKristu. Wadlulisa kuthando lakhe lolwimi, isifundi, ukunyamezelana kwezenkolo kunye nokuchasa ngokungakhathali ucalucalulo ebantwaneni bakhe. U-Moosa wayengumhleli nomshicileli we-Indian Views [ngo-1914 ukuya ngo-1965], ushicilelo lweveki ejolise kuluntu lwamaSulumane athetha isiGujarati kumazantsi e-Afrika. Eyona nto kugxilwe kuyo ephepheni yayingumlo ochasene nolawulo lwabambalwa abamhlophe, kodwa yayinokuma ngokuchaseneyo nekoloniyali, ngakumbi ukutsala ingqalelo kumzabalazo waseIndiya wokulwa nama-impiriya wase-Bhritane.UFatima wayevela kwintsapho enkulu. Yayilikhaya elalibonisa isimilo senkcubeko eyomeleleyo yamaGujarati-Indiya kunye namaSilamsi kwimvelaphi yesizukulwana sokuqala sosukelo esisokolayo ukuze siphile kwindawo enobuhlanga.

Uninszi lwamadoda kusapho lakwaFatima oluye lwadlala indima ekhokelayo eNatal nakwi-South African Indian Congress.Ukusukela ebuntwaneni uFatima waqala ukwenza imisebenzi engaqhelekanga ukuncedisa ekuveliseni iphephandaba elilelolosapho, i-Indian Views. Ufundile amandla ebhaliwe nelizwi elithethwayo besebancinci, kwaye kwiminyaka edlulileyo waqulunqa umyalelo oqinileyo wolwimi lwesiNgesi, olwalunceda umsebenzi wakhe njengezifundiswa, umbhali, Itshantliziyo lamaLungelo oLuntu kunye nomzabalazo wezopolitiko.Ukuzimisela kukaFatima kwezopolitiko kwaqala kwangoko. Ngo-1944, xa wayeneminyaka eyi-16 kwaye wayengumfundi weSikolo samaBanga aPhakamileyo saseDurban, wancedisa ukukhulisa i-1000 yeedola zokunceda indlala e-Bengal. Nangona imfutshane kwaye incinci, uMerer waba ngumntu onamandla eluntwini. Wayenobuhle, ekrelekrele, enengqondo ngokukhawuleza, ebukhali, enamandla kwaye enamandla. Ngo-1946 uFatima, njengamawakawaka abantu baseIndiya, watshutshiswa ngephulo le-1946 Indian Passive Resistance Campaign, olwalubonisa kakhulu umdlalo olwa nomkhosi olwa nomkhosi kurhulumente kwimbali yoMzantsi Afrika. UFatima waseka iKomiti yabaPhathi abaPhasileyo yokuXhasa abafundi ukuze axhase eli phulo kwaye oku kwamphembelela eluntwini. Umenyelwe ukuba athethe kwezinye zeenkomfa zasesininzi kwaye wabelane ngeqonga neenkokheli eziphambili ezichasene nocalucalulo, ukuthanda kukaGqr uYosuf Dadoo Ukusukela emtshatweni wakhe ukuya ku-Ismail Meer ngo-1951 kwazalwa abantwana abathathu, uShamin, uShehnaz noRashid, abo kamva basweleka kabuhlungu. UFatima Meer ngokwakhe wasweleka nge-12 Matshi 2010 eneminyaka engama-81. Wangcwatyelwa kwindawo yamangcwaba aseBrooke Street eThekwini.

## iSalathiso
Teboho MacDonald Mashinini

**Teboho "Tsietsi" MacDonald Mashinini** usweleke kabuhlungu ngendlela embi  ngo 1990 ,umzimba  wakhe ubuso bakhe bonakele kabuhlungu, iliso lakhe lasekunxele ,liye laphuma kwibhokisi yakhe  lyokuncwaba,ebesopha kakhulu,.enamanxeba  akhe  ebe nzulu kwi bunzi lakhe.UMashinini uswelekele esibhedlela emvake ntsuku engenisiwe.

Tebogo Mashinini MacDonald Mashinini "Tsietsi"  ngowase Orlando Central western Jabavu soweto south  africa. Ebe lilungu eliphambili labafundi kumabanga aphantsi e Soweto uprising.

Ngo /June/16 /1976 e soweto ilizwe liye laphasalaka ngengxa yocalucalulo lwabantsundu elalexinizelelwa kwi   bantu education.

Indaba zeli zasasaza ukuba olugcinizelelo lweliozwe laphelela ekubulaweni abantu abaninzi. U Tsietsi ungcwatyelwe  kumanngwaba ase Avalon soweto

Ebelilulngu eliqavileyo kwipolitiki myolutsha ngo 1976/061/16 e  Soweto kwilizwe lo Mzantsi Afrika.  

## nkombha
Zola Skweyiya

**UZola Sidney Themba Skweyiya** (nge-14 kwekaTshazimpuzi ngo-1942 ukuya nge-11 kwekaTshazimpuzi ngo-2018) waye ngusopolitiki waseMzantsi Afrika owaba-Mphathiswa WeZabasebenzi bakaRhulumente noLawulo ukusukela ngo-1994 ukuya ku-1999 kunye noMphathiswa woPhuculo loLuntu ukusukela ngo-1999 ukuya ku-2009.
Leon Wessels

U-**Leon Wessels** (owazalwa nge-19 ka-Epreli ngo-1946) ligqwetha laseMzantsi Afrika, ezopolitiko, kunye neqela lezopolitiko elalisebenza kurhulumente weqela leqela eliphantsi wobandlululo kwaye wayengomnye wezopolitiko ezimbalwa zase-Afrikaner ukubonisa ubuntu Izenzo zalo rhulumente.
Frene Ginwala

**UFrene Noshir Ginwala** (owazalwa nge-25 ka-Epreli ngo-1932) yintatheli yoMzantsi Afrika kunye nezopolitiko owayengu-Somlomo weNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yoMzantsi Afrika ukusukela ngo-1994 ukuya ku-2004. UGinwala ngummi wase-Indiya ovela kuluntu lwaseParsi-Indiya olusentshona yeIndiya. Wafundela iDPhil kwiKholeji yaseLinacre, eOxford.

U-Ginwala wonyulwa njenge-Chancellor yokuqala yeDyunivesithi yaKwaZulu-Natala ngo-Epreli ka-2005. Ungomnye wababhexeshi beeyunivesithi abane eMzantsi Afrika.

## Inkomba
Isikhuni sibuya nomkhwezeli

Eliqhalo lisuka kulanto yoba xa ubasile umlilo, ufake isikhuni, emva kwexesha xa siyele sisitsha siyele sisiya ngaphandle kwalendwo ibasiweyo...

Lilonke lithetha uba into ozenzayo zinendlela yobuyela kuwe
Brigitte Mabandla

**U-Brigitte Sylvia Mabandla** (owazalwa nge-23 ngo-Novemba ngo-1948) ulilungu le-African National Congress' National Executive Council, wayefudula engumphathiswa wezorhwebo loRhulumente woMzantsi Afrika.

Ngo-1979, waphumelela isidanga se-LLB kwezomthetho kwiDyunivesithi yaseZambia.
Eminem

u**Marshall Bruce Mathers III** (eng. Marshall Bruce Mathers III; 17 oktobha 1972, St. Ujoseph, Emissouri, e-USA), ngcono ezaziwayo ngomoya wakhe iqonga igama Eminem (eng. Eminem; stylized njengoko EMINƎM) kwaye alter-ego Slim Shady (ngokuzingisileyo. Slim Shady) — i-american rapper, imbali wonke, umqambi kwaye actor. Ukongeza yakhe solo career, Marshall kanjalo kwi-lamasoldati D12 kwaye hip ngcileza Duo Engalunganga Meets Ububi. Eminem sesinye best-uthengisa umculo abazobi ehlabathini, ngokunjalo eyona-uthengisa imvumi ye-2000s. Yena ufumana igama elinye elikhulu musicians bonke ixesha ngokufowunela ezininzi iimagazini, kuquka Rolling Ilitye, athe wabeka Eminem e inani 83 kwi uluhlu i-100 likhulu abazobi. Enye magazine wabhengeza kuye Ukumkani hip-ngcileza. Ukubala i-Studio umsebenzi zakhe ngamakhamandela, Eminem sele 12 albums ukuze ufikelele phezulu ndawo kwi ibhodi yezaziso 200. Njengokuba solo imvumi, Eminem sele zithengiswe phezu 100 zeerandi albums kwihlabathi liphela kwaye phezu 107 yezigidi yakhe recordings kwaye 44 yezigidi iikopi yakhe albums eamerika yedwa. 

Emva releasing yakhe elizimeleyo debut album Okungenasiphelo ngo-1996, Eminem kwenzeka immense popularity kwi-1999 kunye ukukhutshwa Slim Shady LP kwi enkulu umbhalo. Oku longplay earned Eminem yakhe yokuqala Grammy kweelwimi kuba eyona i-rap album. Yakhe elandelayo ezimbini iimbali, I-Marshall Mathers LP kwaye Eminem Bonisa, kanjalo uphumelele a Grammy enye incwadi, ukwenza Eminem lokuqala imvumi ukuphumelela le mbasa kuba eyona i-rap album phinda-phinda kathathu kumqolo. Oku kwaba yalandelwa Encore kwi-2004 kwaye utyelelo naye, emva kokuba Eminem wathabatha a creative isithuba ngenxa yakhe drug addiction. Ngomhla we-meyi 15, 2009, lowo bakhululwe yakhe yokuqala album kwi-5 ezayo, enesihloko Relapse. Ngo-2010, ukukhutshwa wesixhenxe Studio album Imali, esibizwa celebrated kwihlabathi liphela impumelelo kwaye sathiywa eyona uthengisa album lonyaka, I-Eminem Bonisa kwi-2002. Eminem onayo a Grammy kuba zombini album ka-Relapse kwaye Imali. Ngonovemba 5, 2013, Eminem bakhululwe wakhe wesibhozo Studio album, i-Marshall Mathers LP 2, awathi kanjalo uphumelele a Grammy kweelwimi, kuba kuqhutywe 15 career mbasa. Ngonovemba 24, 2014, ShadyXV, yesibini okuqhelekileyo nge-i-american ilebhile Shady Iimbali, waba bakhululwe kwi Shady kwaye Interscope. Ngomhla we-15 disemba, ngowama-2017, Eminem bakhululwe i-album Revival, yalandela ezintandathu kamva ngo Kamikaze. 

Eminem ngu owenza ezahlukeneyo imisebenzi: unabo eyiyeyakhe imbali ilebhile, athe lilawula iilwandle kunye wakhe Umphathi Upawulos Rosenberg, kwaye sele eyiyeyakhe radio station, Umthunzi 45 kwi Sirius XM Kanomathotholo. Kwi-2002, Eminem starred kwi-semi-autobiographical hip-ngcileza-imeyl i-Wesibhozo mile. Yena uphumelele Academy kweelwimi kuba eyona ngoma kuba wefilim, ngokuba kuqala i-rap imvumi ukuphumelela le mbasa. Kanjalo wabonakala cameo kwi-imiboniso "Moika "(2001)," Pranksters "(2009)," enze udliwano-ndlebe "(2014) kwaye lwethelevijini uphawu "Beauties".
Pallo Jordan

Zweledinga Jordan yazalwa nge-22 kaMeyi ngo-1942 eB B Indawo, eKroonstad, kwiLizwe lase-Orange Free State. Utata wakhe, uGqr Archibald Campbell Jordan, wayengumntu wasenoveli, umntu onolwimi kunye noziphathamandla kwaye umama wakhe, uGqirha Priscilla Phyllis Jordan (wazalwa, uNtantala), wayengutitshala, umphandi kunye nomhlohli. Bobabini abazali bakhe babengamalungu asebenzayo e-Un-European Unity Movement (NEUM). Usapho lakwaJordane lwalupolitika kakhulu kwaye ulandela emanyathelweni abo. Waqala eneminyaka esixhenxe ngokuthengisa iikopi zeTorch, iphephandaba eliveliswa yi-NEUM. Wayengumfundi okhutheleyo. Ukugqiba kwakhe ukufunda, waya kwiiyunivesithi ezahlukeneyo eMzantsi Afrika, eMelika naseMelika. Walishiya ilizwe ngo-1962 esiya kufunda kwiDyunivesithi yaseWisconsin. 

UJordani wasebenza eLondon kwi-African National Congress (ANC) ngokusisigxina kwi-ofisi yayo yaseLondon ngo-1975 njengomphengululi kwiSebe le-ANC lezoLwazi kunye noLuntu. Kwangalo nyaka uphinde wabandakanyeka kwiiprogram zoqeqesho zokuqesha abantu abatsha eMkhonto weSizwe, esebenzisa imbali yakhe yezemfundo kwimbali ukwenza isilabhasi yoqeqesho kwezopolitiko. Ngo-1979, ngesindululo sikaOliver Tambo, wonyulwa njengomlawuli wokuqala we-ANC Iphulo lenkcaso yeninzi yangaphakathi, unyaka we-Spear, ophawula umlo wekhulu leMfazwe yase-Isandhlwana yowe-1879. I-Jordan kwi-helm i-ANC ivelise inani elikhulu lezixhobo zonxibelelwano zokucinga kubandakanya iiposta, amakhadi eposi, iidiski zecoppy, oomatshini abancinci, Iikipa, iincwadi ezihlekisayo kunye namaphepha eendaba ngenjongo yokuvuselela inkumbulo ethandwayo ngezithethe zokulwa ukuxhathisa kulawulo lobukoloniyali. Ngo-1980, iJordani yaphakanyiswa ukuba yintloko yeCandelo loPhando le-ANC leSebe lezeNkcukacha kunye noluntu. Ukutyunjwa kwamfuna ukuba afudukele kwikomkhulu lombutho eLusaka, eZambia.Xa ivoti yomfundi waseJordani yaphelelwa eLondon kwaye phakathi kweminyaka yo-1970 waqala ukusebenza njengomphenyi kwiofisi ye-ANC yaseLondon.Ngumlawuli weRadio Freedom ukusukela ngo-1977 ukuya ku-1979 , e-Luanda, kunye nokufika kwabantu befika eSoweto kwiinkampu ze-Angolan ze-ANC, yena wayehamba.Ukususela ngo-1979 ukuya ku-1988 wakhokela icandelo lophando lwe-ANC kwiCandelo loLwazi kunye noluntu i-DIP, esebenza ekuqaleni eMaputo ngokubambisana. noRuth kuqala.
Mac Maharaj

**Sathyandranath Ragunanan "Mac" Maharaj** (kuzalwa 22 apreli 1935 kwi - Newcastle, KwaZulu-Natal) ingaba i - Umzantsi Afrika kwezopolito afilisiwe a ne - umbutho  op     hethe ilizwe kwezemfundo nakwishishini ye India lemveli. Nguye yangaphambili esemthethweni esilibambela Kamongameli of umzantsi Africa Ujacob Zuma.

## Inxaxheba koluntu umzabalazo ngokuchasene wengcinezelo
Maharaj yaba ezopolitiko activist kwaye ilungu le - umkomanisi wase mzanzi Afrika Cot Iqela, abo isebenza ngendlela mfondini iintlobo kwi-antayi-wengcinezelo imisebenzi kunye Unelson Mandela. ngojulayi 1964, Maharaj wabanjwa kwi-Johannesburg, ibe igcwalisiwe kwaye ugwetyiwe nabane abanye kwi imirhumo ye sabotage kwi - abancinane Rivonia yovavanyo, kwaye waba kuvalelwe kwi - isiqithi se robben  kunye Mandela. entolongweni yena ikhutshlwe ngases Mandela ke memoir *Elide Ukuhamba ukuba Inkululeko* kwaye uthungisiwe ngayo baphuma entolongweni ngowe-1976.

NgoFebruwari 2003 iphephandaba laseMzantsi Afrika, I-Su amaxesha esunday, lapapasha izityholo zokuba uMac Maharaj nenkosikazi yakhe uZarina babefumene ngaphezulu kwe-R500,000 phakathi kukaMeyi ka-1998 nangoFebruwari ka-1999 kusomashishini, uSchabir Shaik, owayesebenzisane kwizigidi ezibini zeerandi Izivumelwano ezibonelelwe liCandelo loMphathiswa Wezothutho ngeli xesha uMaharaj wayenguMphathiswa. [8] Ngomhla ka-Agasti ka-2003 uMaharaj wayeka emsebenzini kwi-ibhanki yokuqala kulandela imithombo yeendaba ejikeleze izityholo zenkohlakalo. [9]

Waba emva kowe-1994 Emzantsi Afrika's kuqala Umphathiswa Wezothutho, i-posa wathabatha ngomhla we-11 Kucanzibe ngowe-1994 kwaye agcina de konyulo jikelele we-1999.

Emva wesizwe unyulo 1999, Mac Maharaj inyathelwe phantsi ukususela politics kwaye abaziwayo Firs tRand Bank kwaye waba yayo ephezulu ihlawulwe ongekho.

## Imithombo
Tsada

ITsáda yidolophu encinci kumazantsi eSipro.  Ikwisithili sase-Eparchía Páfou, kwicala lasentshona lelizwe, iikhilomitha ezingama-90 ngasentshona kwikomkhulu iNicosia kunye neekhilomitha ezisi-8 kumantla ePafo.  I-Tsáda ziimitha ezingama-619 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle.  Inabemi abayi-1,043.
Inkukhu isikwe umlomo

Esi sisaci esiye sisetyenziswe ukuphuhlisa isimo apho umNtu aye axakwe yinto yokuphendula ze athi cwaka. Kuye kuthiwe ke, uthe cwaka, uxel' inkukhu isikwe umlomo.
Pitika Ntuli

UPitika Ntuli (owazalwa ngo-1942, e-Springs, eGauteng) ngumkroli wase-Mzantsi Afrika, imbongi,  umbhali, kunye nesifundi esachitha iminyaka engama-32 yobomi bakhe ekuthinjweni eSwaziland nase-UK. Ubambe i-MFA evela kwiZiko le-Pratt eNew York kunye ne-MA kuDityaniso loBudlelwane boMzi-mveliso kunye nezoLimo kwezobuNzululwazi. Ngexesha lokuthinjelwa e-UK wafundisa eCamberwell College of Art, Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design, London College of Printing, Middlesex University and the University of East London. Ukusukela ukubuyela eMzantsi Afrika ufundise eWits nase UKZN.  

UPitika Ntuli ubonakalise kwimiboniso eyahlukeneyo yabantu neqela kumazwe amaninzi e-Europe nase-USA, kwaye waququzelela ubugcisa behlabathi kunye neminyhadala yenkcubeko eBritane. Imifanekiso yakhe eqingqiweyo ikumqokelelo wabucala aliqela kwilizwe jikelele, kubandakanya la kaPaul Simon, uPhuthuma Nhleko, kunye no-Edward no-Irene Akufo-Addo. Eminye yemifanekiso yakhe eqingqiweyo yoluntu inokufumaneka kwiBhanki yeSizwe yaseSwaziland, iSt Mary's Catholic Church eLobamba, eCOSATU House, eRhawutini, naseDieploof, eSoweto. Kude kube ngu-2010 wayengazange abonise kwilizwe lakhe. Wayenomboniso wakhe wokuqala eMzantsi Afrika eMuseum Africa, eRhawutini ngo-2010, elandelwa yimiboniso kwiDurban Art Gallery (www.durban.gov.za) kunye negalari yeUNISA, ePitoli (www.UNISA.ac.za) ngo-2011. 'The Scent of Invisible Footprints: The Sculptor of Pitika Ntuli' wapapashwa yi-UNISA ukuba ahambe noMboniso wakhe weMyuziyam yase-Afrika.  Uye emva kwexesha wabonakalisa kwi-Constitutional Hill naseMelrose Arch eRhawutini kunye neZiko iNkcubeko le-Oliver Tambo e-Ekhuruleni.  

UPitika Ntuli yingcali kwiinkqubo zolwazi lwemveli lwaseAfrika. Ungumhlalutyi oqhelekileyo wezopolitiko nenkcubeko kwiTV nakwiRadio. Uyimbongi kunye nesithethi esaziwayo esibe sisithethi esiphambili kwimisitho emininzi enezinto eziphakamileyo kwaye efundile isihobe kwimibongo emininzi kweli lizwe kunye noMmandla. Ungundwendwe oluhlala rhoqo kumabonwakude nakunomathotholo kwaye ngakumbi kwizinto ezininzi Izikhululo zonomathotholo zoLwimi lweSABC zaseAfrika, kwaye zithathe inxaxheba kwiikomiti zemisebenzi kuzwelonke nakwiphondo nakwiikomiti zokucebisa zabaphathiswa.  

Wayeligwebe kumabhaso eSunday Times Literary Awards (ka-2009). Utyhola iQela loMsebenzi lowama-2010 elacebisa uMphathiswa wezoBugcisa neNkcubeko malunga neenkqubo zenkcubeko ezinxulumene neNdebe yeHlabathi, kubandakanya iminyhadala yokuvula nokuvala.  

UPitika utshatele ku-Antoinette Ntuli; Banoonyana abane, iintombi ezimbini kunye nabazukulwana abane.

## Imithombo
Tembeka Ngcukaitobi

**Thembeka Ngcukaitobi** (25 December 1979) Indoda le yayiliqwetha loMzantsi Afrika,engumthethi sidlangalaleni,engumbali wencwadi,elwela nenkulo yelizwe .Ebekwalilungu le South African Land Reform.Kunencwadi awayibhalayo ethi The land is ours (umhlaba ngowethu) apho athetha ngolawulo leqela eliphetheyo iANC .Uphinda umve unkabi ethetha ngamagqwetha okuqala amnyama nangendle ayeziphathe ngayo.Utembeka lo waye lilungu leqela labaphikisayo iEconomic Freedom Fighter.Wayekhona ngexesha iqela leEFF lifuna kutshutshiswe abantu enkantolo ephakamileyo yeaseMantla Rhawuti.Wayenesidanga seLLB(Unitra),LLM(Rhodes),LLM(London school of economics).Ngoku ungumpha wamagqwetha amakhulu angaphandle alwela amlungelo abantu abavotayo baseZwimbmbwe .Ukwangomnye wabantu abakha iqela eliphikisayo iEconomic Freedom Fighter .

## Reference
Umvundl'uzek'indlela

Intsusa: umvundla sisilwanyana sasendle esisoloko sihamba sikhangela ukutya. Uyathanda ukuba lixhoba lezinye izilwanyana zasendle ubaleke kanobom.
Intsingiselo: Xa uMntu ethanda ukuhamba kakhulu kuye kuthiwe Umvundl'uzekindlela.
Kungaf'intak'enkulu amaqand'ayabola

Intsingiselo: ithi lentetha, kungasweleka umntu omdala eKhayeni kusokola abancinane ingakumbi xa bebeka isonka etafileni.
Indaba yotyelo ayikholi

Intsingiselo: into xa uyiva ngokuyibaliselwa ayonelisi, inga ungazibonela ngokwakho ize ikonelise. 
Intsusa yeliqhalo ize ibhekise kumntu otyelwayo abe esiva ngabantu angakholelwa kunene kodwa athi wakuzibonela atsho oneliseke.
Ingwe idla ngamabala

Kukho iintlobo ezithile zamarhamncwa eziyelele kunene kwiingwe ezi, nangemigqumo, nangoburhamncwa bazo, de abantu bangazicoseleli kakuhle ukuziqonda iindawo ezahluke ngazo, ubuqu bengwe nobehlosi, bagqibe mpela ukuba ihlosi yingwe, okanye ingwe lihlosi. Ke ingwe le bekufuneka iqondwe kakuhle ukuba iyintoni na, neempawu eyahluke ngazo. Iminweba yengwe ibifudula isambathwa ziinkosi namaphakathi anamagama; ke ngoko ulusu lwengwe yinto ebisiwa komkhulu kuba ibingafane yambathwe ngabantu nje kodwa; ke ngoko ibikhangelwa kakhulu ukuba yiyo asiyiyo kusini na. Olunye ke uphawu ibingamabala ayo. Bekuthi xa kuthe kanti kukho nezamahlosi izintsu, zibehle zikhethwe kwezengwe ngenxa yohlobo lwamabala azo, zifumane inani elingaphezulu ke ngoko kunezamahlosi. Lavela apho ke elo qhalo.
Inehibi yamanzi ifa ngamanzi, eyezikhali ifa ngezikhali

Intsingiselo: umntu ufa ngalonto alikroti kuyo. Ukuba ubulala abantu ngokubahlaba nawe uzofa ngokuhlatywa.
Ingcibi yamanzi ifa ngamanzi,eyezikhali ngezikhali
Leona Theron

**U-Leona Valerie Theron** (owazalwa nge-7 kaNovemba ka-1966 eThekwini) ngumgwebi kwiNkundla yezomGaqo-siseko yoMzantsi Afrika kunye nowayesakuba kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno.
Mandisa Maya

**UMandisa Muriel Lindelwa Maya** (owazalwa nge-20 kaMatshi ngo-1964) ngumgwebi wase Mzantsi-Afrika osebenze njengo Mongameli weNkundla ePhakamileyo yeZibongozo zoMzantsi Afrika (i-SCA) ukusukela nge-26 kaMeyi ngo-2017.
Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka

**UPhumzile Mlambo Ngcuka** ngusopolitiki wase Mzantsi-Afrika kunye negosa leZizwe eziManyeneyo, kwaye ngoku usebenza njengoMlawuli oLawulayo we-UN Women kwisikhundla sika-Nobhala-Jikelele weZizwe eziManyeneyo.
Sibongile Khumalo

U**Sibongile Khumalo** wazalwa eSoweto eRhawutini, eMzantsi Afrika, ekhokelwa nguyise, Khabi Mngoma, unjingalwazi kwezomculo, wafunda ivinol, ecula, edlala kunye nomdaniso.
Letta Mbulu

U**Letta Mbulu** (ozalwe nge-24 kaSeptemba 1942) yimbaleki yaseMzantsi Afrika yejazz ebisasebenza ukusukela kwiminyaka yo-1960, eseluthsha nabanye abavumi base Mzantsi Afrika, be zimela iqela le zomculo kwi kwithiyetha kwenzwa isenzo sika King Kong. ULetta walijongisa  eMelika ngo nyaka ka 1965 ebaleka ubucalucalu base ningizim afrika.

Ekuhlaleni kwakhe emelika wayese New York kulapho wa dibana nabanye abantu bokuqxothwa emzantsi afrika aba fana no Miriam Makeba, Hugh Masekela kanye no Jonas Gwangwa. ULetta waye phangela Cannonball Adderley, David Axelrod no Harry Belafonte.

Kumabona kude weya cula kwimi boniso ehlukahlukene enjenge *Roots*, *The Color Purple* (1985), kanye kwi 1973 film *A Warm December. Waphinde wavela ku mboniso wase melika eSoul Train. UMbuli waye ngumculi kwi ngoma ecula ngesi Swahili kwi ngoma ka Michael Jackson's, "Liberian Girl". Umvelisi uQuincy Jones wathi ngo Mbuli ngesi esithi  "Mbulu is the roots lady, projecting a sophistication and warmth which stirs hope for attaining pure love, beauty, and unity in the world."*

UMbuli nguye umsunguli we South African Artists United (SAAU) umbutho owaqalwa ngo 1986

## Ubom Bakhe Base Khaya
Busi Mhlongo

**UVictoria Busisiwe Mhlongo** (1947-2010) wayeyimvumi, umdanisi kunye nomqambi ovela eNanda eNatal, eMzantsi Afrika.
Lilishwa lomhluzi wamanqina

Intsingiselo: ukufika sele into ebekumele iyenziwa sele idlule, ufike mva ke wena okanye xa ufike lomntu ubuhambele kuye sele engekho kuthiwe ngelishwa  lomhluzi wamanqina.
Ruth Mompati

**URuth Mompati** (nge-14 kaSeptemba 1925- nge-12 kaMeyi ngo-2015) wayengusopolitiki waseMzantsi Afrika kwaye enye yeenkokheli zoMbutho wooMama nge-9 Agasti 1956.
Simphiwe Dana

U**Simphiwe Dana** (ozelwe ngo-1980) yimbaleki nesixhosa esingumXhosa eMzantsi Afrika. Ngenxa yokudityaniswa kwakhe yedwa kweJazz, Afro-umphefumlo, Rap kunye nomculo wesintu.
Madie Hall Xuma

**U-Madie Hall Xuma** (ngamanye amaxesha wanikwa njenge-Hall-Xuma) (1894-1982) wayengumntu olwela ilizwe laseMelika eMzantsi Afrika.
Emma Mashinini

**U-Emma Mashinini** (nge-21 Agasti 1929 - nge-10 kaJulayi ngo-2017) wayeyimanyano yabasebenzi eMzantsi Afrika kunye nenkokeli yezopolitiko. Ukuhlala eRhawutini, usapho lwayo lwagxothwa ekhaya kangangezihlandlo ezininzi ngexesha lobuntwana.
Dimpho Hani

**UDimpho Hani** ngumtshutshisi wase Mzantsi Afrika kunye nenkosikazi yomlo wokugqibela wenkululeko uChris Hani.

## Inkomba
Graça Machel

thumb|Graca Machel, World Economic Forum on Africa 2010
**UGraça Machel** (owazalwa nge-17 ka-Okthobha ngo-1945) ngusopolitiki waseMozambiki kunye noluntu. Ungumhlolokazi wabo bobabini bangongameli beMozambiki naseMzantsi Afrika; Umongameli waseMozambiki uSamora Machel kunye nomongameli waseMzantsi Afrika uNelson Mandela.
Barbara Masekela

**UBarbara Mosima Joyce Masekela** (owazalwa nge-18 kaJulayi ngo-1941) imbongi, utitshala, kunye netshantliziyo obambe isikhundla sobunkokeli kubugcisa kwi-African National Congress (ANC).
Hugh Masekela

**Hugh Masekela** ngumculi wase Mzantsi Afrika. Ekupheleni kowe-1959, uAbdullah Ibrahim , uKippie Moeketsi, uMakhaya Ntshoko, uJonas Gwangwa, uJohnny Gertze kunye noHugh baseka iJazz Epistles,  iqela lokuqala leJazz laseAfrika ukurekhoda iLP . Bacula kubaphulaphuli abasaphula irekhodi eRhawutini naseKapa ukusuka ngasekupheleni kuka-1959 ukuya ekuqaleni kuka-1960.  
left|thumb|250x250px|uHugh udlala ixolongo

## Imithombo
Umlomo awunasiziba

Umlomo akanasiziba:
Eliqhalo lelinye lamaqhalo amnandi kakhulu esiXhoseni.
Eliqhalo lithetha ukuthi: okusekutyhiliwe kwathethwa akunobasakwazi ukubuyiselwa ngemva. Kungako ke kufuneka uyicinge into phambi kokuba uyithethe.
Uyakubamb'isisila sehobe

Lentetha ibhekisa,ekubeni uthi ngelakho ubambe ihobe kanti lishiyeka liphuncula kwesosandla sakho ushiyeke wena ubambe isisila sondwa libe limkile ihobe. Lilonke ukhohlisekile wena,ubuyenelize.
SABC1

**I-SABC 1** sisitishi sikamabona-kude sosasazo  eMzantsi Afrika esisasazwa liShishini loSasazo laseMzantsi Afrika (SABC) elisasaza inkqubo ngesiNgesi namanye amalwimi esiNguni.

Yenziwa ngo 1996, xa i-SABC ibiguqula izitishi zayo zosasazo. I-SABC 1 yayisasaza inkqubo ezasuka kwisitishi sakudala esavalwayo i-CCV (Contemporary Community Values), esi sitishi senziwa kwizitishi zakudala u-TV2, TV3 no TV4 ezenziwa nge1980s. I-SABC 1 itsala elona nani elikhulu lababukeli eMzantsi Afrika ngenxa yenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezisasazwa kuzo ezifana ne *[[Generations (South African TV series)|Generations]]*, *[[Uzalo]]* ne*[[Skeem Saam]].*

## Imvelaphi
Ngomhla ka 1 EyoMqungu 1982, amakhasi amabini wosasazo avulwa, u-TV2 owayesasaza ngesiZulu  nangesiXhosa no TV3 owayesasaza ngesiSotho and nangesiTswana, zombini zazibhekise kubabukeli abantsundu. Isitishi esingundoqo, u-TV1, wasasaza ngesiNgesi nesiBhulu. Ngo 1985, isitishi esitsha esabizwa ngoTV4 saqala ukusasaza, siphethe inkqubo ezemidlalo, isebenzisa ikhasi le TV2 no TV3, ezayeka ukusasaza ngo 9:30pm. 

Ngo 1992, u-TV2, TV3 noTV4 bahlanganiswa banikwa igama elingu CCV (Contemporary Community Values). Esesithathu isithishi sabizwa i-TSS, okanye  i-TopSport Surplus, i-TopSport iligama lesebe losasazo lika-SABC lwezemidlalo, yaze yaba ngu-NNTV (National Network TV), ikhasi lezemfundo ngo 1994.

Ngo 1996, i-SABC yaqokelela izitishi zayo ezintathu ngenjongo yokuzenza nokubonakalisa ulwimi olusasaza ngazo. EzI zitishi zabizwa ngoSABC 1, SABC 2 noSABC 3.



## Incukacha
Oscar Mabuyane

**ULubabalo Oscar Mabuyane** (* 24 February 1974) yi ngumpolitiki yaseMzantsi Afrika. Nguye lo iNkulumbuso enyulwe yangoku IPhondo laseMpuma-Koloni. Waye ngaphambili ilungu lebhunga elilawulayo (MEC) wezeMali. UMabuyane ngusihlalo we-African National Congress.

## Izalathiso
Paarl

**IPaarl** yidolophu ebekwe kumasipala waseDrakenstein ngaphakathi kuMasipala weSithili seCape Winelands kwiPhondo laseNtshona-Koloni.
Vietnam

IVietnam lilizwe elikwi-peninsula ye-Indochina, kufutshane naseLaos, eCambodia nase China. Idolophu enkulu yeli lizwe yiHanoi kwaye iziko lezoqoqosho yiHi Chi Minh City. Indawo yolawulo lwaseVietnam ngolandelo-lusezantsi: I-Central - Iphondo (isixeko esiphantsi kwegunya eliphakathi) - iSixeko - iSithili (idolophu) - Umbutho. Inani labemi baseVietnam ngonyaka ka-2020 bamalunga nezigidi ezingama-97.
Edirne

**Edirne** eyaziwa ngokuba **Adrianople**; eyasekwa baseRoma bekumkani uHadrian kwicala lendawo yokuhlala iTracacian ebizwa ngegama elithi *Uskudama*), sisixeko esikumantla ntshona iTurki IPhondo lase-Edirne, kufutshane neTurkiya imida neGriki ​​kunye iBulgaria. U-Edirne wasebenza njengedolophu yesithathu yedolophu yeUbukhosi base-Ottoman ukusuka ngo-1369 ukuya ku-1453, ngaphambi IConstantinople (yanamhlanje Istanbul) yaba ikomkhulu lesine nobukumkani bokugqibela phakathi kowe-1453 nowe-1922. Inani labemi besixeko liqikelelwa ngonyaka ka-2014 ibingama-165,979.

## I-Etymology

## Imbali

### Ukwalusizi

### Ixesha lexesha eliphakathi

### Ixesha lexesha lethu

## Imbali ye-Orthodoxastical

## IJografi

### Isimo sezulu

## Uqoqosho

## Izixeko zedade

## Abantu ababalulekileyo

## Iireferensi

## Ukuqhubeka kokufunda
*
*
*

## Amakhonkco angaphandle

* www.edirne.bel.tr
Amabhele

**Amabhele** amahle.

Qunta, Mafu, nomaqambalala, uhay-hay namhlengenzanganto, Nontanda k'phakanyiswa, Khuboni, Nomalingawela, Dlambula
UNDP South Africa

**Inkqubo yoPhuhliso yeZizwe eziManyeneyo** (i-UNDP) eMzantsi Afrika yenye yeeofisi ezili-177 zeNkqubo yoPhuhliso lweZizwe eziManyeneyo kuthungelwano lwehlabathi kwaye ikwikomkhulu leli lizwe iPitoli. Injongo yayo exeliweyo kukuxhobisa ubomi babantu kunye nokunceda izizwe ukuba zomelele kwaye zomelele ngakumbi. Njengenxalenye yeenzame ezibanzi zophuhliso lwe-UNDP, i-ofisi yengingqi inoxanduva lokufezekisa iiNjongo zoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo (i-SDG) eMzantsi Afrika kwaye ixhase urhulumente ukuba enze imigaqo-nkqubo. Iindawo ezithile ekugxilwe kuzo eMzantsi Afrika kukunciphisa indlala, ulawulo lwentando yesininzi ngokunjalo nokusingqongileyo namandla. Ezinye iiprojekthi zophuhliso zijolise kwezemfundo nakuthintelo lwe-HIV / AIDS kunye nonyango, igalelo ekulweni ukungalingani, ukukhuthaza umanyano kwezentlalo kunye nenxaxheba yabemi, izityalo nezilwanyana, amandla azinzileyo nacocekileyo.  

## Umlando

Iriphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika yamkela ngokusesikweni ubulungu be-UNDP ngo-1994 kwaye yamkelwa kwibhodi yesigqeba ye-UNDP ngoJanuwari 1998. UMzantsi Afrika ngokusebenzisa iSebe leMicimbi yangaPhandle, ulungelelanisa imisebenzi ye-UNDP. I-UNDP iyabandakanyeka kwiiprojekthi ezininzi eMzantsi Afrika ezijongana namasebe oorhulumente akumbindi kunye nephondo.

## Iinkqubo zeOfisi yelizwe

* Ukukhula okubandakanya wonke umntu
* Ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo nolawulo lwentando yesininzi
* Utshintsho lwemozulu kunye nohlaza kuqoqosho loMzantsi Afrika
* Ukulingana ngokwesini kunye ne-HIV
* iAccLab
* Iimveliso zolwazi

I-ofisi yelizwe ikhupha iimveliso zolwazi ezahlulwe phakathi kweengxelo ezinceda inkqubo-qhinga yokuphumeza inkqubo ye-ofisi yelizwe kunye neengxelo zophando ezijolise ekuncedeni urhulumente *kuphuhliso lomgaqo-nkqubo nasekumiliselweni.

Iingxelo zenkqubo:

## Ingxelo yinyaka

* Uvandlakanyo lweminyaka engama-25
* Iingxelo zophuhliso lomgaqo-nkqubo kaRhulumente:
* Ukuxhaswa kweMpembelelo yezoQoqosho kwiNtlalo kwi-COVID19
* Umbono woQoqosho lwaseMzantsi Afrika emva kwe-COVID-19
* Uvavanyo lweeMfuno eziNgxamisekileyo ze-COVID-19
* Ingxelo yoPhuhliso lwaBantu-Ingqesho yoLutsha
* Ulawulo kunye neMpembelelo yezeNtlalo ze-COVID
* Imephu yoTyalo-mali lwe-SDG
IBulgariya

IBulgariya lelinye lamazwe aseYurophu. Ikomkhulu: Sofia.


51-manasses-chronicle.jpg|
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The Old Bulgarian capital Preslav Ruins.jpg|
OLD HOUSE IN THE NATIONAL REVIVAL STYLE, VELIKO TURNOVOI.jpg|
Sofia University (37536311404).jpg|
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Bulgarian dancers.jpg|
Veliko Tarnovo

Veliko Tarnovo — (IziRus. Велико Търново) Ikomkhulu IRBulgaria {България} 
Gimk kunxweme 1185 y 1395


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Bulgaria Bulgaria-0893 - Trapezitsa (7433398084).jpg|
Die Gartenlaube (1885) b 725.jpg|1885
Veliko Tarnovo Cathedral 4.jpg|
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URajnath Singh

**URajnath Singh** (owazalwa nge-10 Julayi 1951) ngumpolitiki wase-India osebenza njengo-Mphathiswa Wezomkhosi e-India.
Jacob "Mpharanyana" Radebe

**UJacob "Mpharanyana" Radebe** (16 kuTshazimpuzi 1948 - 21 kweyeThupha ngo1979) wayeyimvumi-mbhali wemvumi kunye nesiginci soMzantsi Afrika. Umculo wakhe uhlala uhlelwa njenge-jazz, i-fusion, iDisco, iSoul kunye ne-mbaqanga. Ukuqamba kukaRadebe ubukhulu becala kwakungeSesotho kodwa ngamanye amaxesha wayecula ngesiNgesi.

## Iminyaka yokuqala

URadebe wazalelwa eKatlehong eMpuma weRandi kwaye umdla wakhe emculweni wavuselwa esemncinci. Wayethathwa njengelinye lawona mazwi anamandla kumphefumlo waselokishini. KwiSprings wayedlala neThe Peddlars kwaye eKatlehong wayeyimvumi ephambili kwiThe Weavelets. Elinye lamalungu eli qela yayinguLloyd Lelosa, owathi kamva wadlala ikhibhodi kwiStimela. Ngexesha lama-60 de kwasekufeni kwakhe uRadebe wasebenza neemvumi ezininzi ezithandwayo zoMzantsi Afrika eziquka uRay Phiri noWest Nkosi awathi wabumba nabo iqela iThe Cannibals.

Wayesaziwa ngokukhohlela xa ecula. Wayenakhohlokhohlo okunganyangekiyo, apho abavelisi babeza kuhlenga-hlengisa ngaphambili, kodwa kamva wenziwa uhlobo lwentengiso yomculo.

## iDiskografi

*Mpharanyana and The Cannibals - Ulunywa Izinja
*Mpharanyana and The Peddlers -  Morena Re Thuse Kaofela
*Mpharanyana and The Peddlers - Hela Ngwanana
*Mparanyana and The Cannibals - Zion Soul
*Mparanyana and The Cannibals - Nka Nako Ho Motseba
*Mparanyana and The Cannibals- Get Funky
*Mparanyana and The Cannibals- Highland Drifter ( ingoma eyacanjwa ngu Ray Phiri ngo 1973)

## Izingqinisiso
Isikhwalimanzi

**Isikhwalimanzi** yintaka ehambahamba usapho lwayo iArdeidae, exhaphake kakhulu kumazantsi eSahara eAfrika naseMadagascar. Ingumhlali ikakhulu, kodwa ezinye iintaka zasentshona Afrika ziya emantla ngexesha leemvula.
Sfiso Ncwane

**USfiso Ncwane** nge-21 ka Epreli 1979 – nge-5 kaDisemba, 2016  wayengumculi nomqambi waseMzantsi Afrika.

uSifiso Ncwane wazibandakanya neqela lomculo laseMlazi elibizwa ngokuba **yiNew Edition**, wajoyina iimvumi ezikhokelayo uNtombifuthi Mntambo kunye nomculi wegubu uSkhumbuzo Gumede. UNcwane naye uzibandakanye neqela lomculo elithi One Touch imvumi ephambili uMnu Joe Gcabashe kunye nabadlali beKeyboard uSikhona Gumede noSenzo Sabela.
Eswatini

**eSwazini** (isiNgesi: *Eswatini*; isiSwazi: *eSwatini*) yizwe elise-Afrika. Iziqongo zaseSwazilandi iyiLobamba *(Lobamba)* neMbabane *(Mbabane)*.

## Izifunda




Izwe lase Swazini lihlukaniswe ngokwezifunda ezine;
* Hhohho
* Manzini
* Lubombo
* Shiselweni



## Imithombo
B. R. Ambedkar

**Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar** (14 Epreli 1891 - 6 Disemba 1956) yayisisifundiswa saseIndiya, isomthetho, uqoqosho, ezopolitiko kunye nohlaziyo kwezentlalo. Ukhuthaze intshukumo ye-Dalit Buddhist kwaye wakhankasela ngokuchasene nocalucalulo lwasentlalweni kubantu abangathathi ntweni (Dalits). Wayexhasa namalungelo abasetyhini kunye nokusebenza. Wayengu-Mphathiswa wokuqala wezomthetho kunye nezoBulungisa e-India, umakhi we-siseko wase-India, kunye noyise weRiphabhlikhi yase India.

## references
Isityeba mva sinqol'intaba

Isityeb ‘amva sinqol ‘intaba. 

Eli qhalo lithetha ukuthi umntu otyebe mva uye aziphakamise azibone ebhetele ahambele kude kunabantu
U-Ilia II

**U-Ilia II** (isiGeorgia: ილია II), ekwaguqulelwa njengo-Ilya okanye u-Eliya (owazalwa nge-4 kaJanuwari 1933), ngu-Katolika-uBhishophu omkhulu wase-All Georgia kunye nenkokheli yokomoya ye-Orthodox yase-Georgia. Ubizwa ngokusesikweni njengo-Katolika-uBhishophu omkhulu wase-All Georgia, u-Archbishop waseMtskheta-Tbilisi kunye no-Bhishophu wase-Metropolitan wase-Bichvinta kunye no-Tskhum-Abkhazia, uBungcwele baKhe kunye ne-Beatitude Ilia II.
Guillermo Lasso

U-**Guillermo Alberto Santiago Lasso** (Ungum*Spanish* owazalwa ngomhla we-17 ka-November ngomnyaka ka-1955), ngumntu obaluleke kakhulu eMzantsi Melika. Lo mfo ungumongameli weRephablikhi yase-Ecuador, wayekhe wangumongameli wemanyano yeezizwe ezimanyeneyo zaseMzantsi Melika. Yhiyo le nto waqalisa kwi-ofisi yakhe njengomongameli ngeyoMqungu okanye ke singathi ngoJanyuwari ka-2021.
UMshweshwe

Ibhakwe nguHenry Ndawo Msila

::**Intshayelelo**

UMshweshwe yilaa nkosi yabeSuthu idume phi na phi.

Ibali elingaye lifunyanwa kwincwadi esihloko sayo sithi "*History of The Bantu*", ebhalwe ngumfundisi uD. UFred. Ellenberger]] ngesiFrentshi, yaza yaguqulelwa esiNgesini nguMnumzana uJ. C.Macgregor owayeseLeribe ngelo xesha. UDr. J.J Grobbelaar, lo owayekhe wangumhloli-zikolo eMatatiele, naye ulibhalile ibali likaMShweshwe ngolwimi lwesiBhulu (ngesi-Afrikaans).

Umfundisi uEdward Motsamai oseBeria, P.O Mayara, eluSuthu, naye ube nenyhweba yokulibala ngesiSuthu esilulwimi lwakowabo. Uhambe enyula iindawo apha naphaya kuyo le ncwadi kaEllenberger, nekaUSir Godfrey Lagden, nezabanye. Ubuye walongezelela ngokusuka abuzisise kunene inkcazelo eyiyo kumaxhego akowabo awayemazi kakuhle uMShweshwe.

Nam ke nto ingeni yani, ndibe se ndivumbuluka equndeni ndingakwalathelwanga oko, ndaase ndisuka nditsiba ndibekeka ekhondweni laaba banumzana ngokwenja yokuzingela.

ndibe neendawana endiye ndazicaphula kanobom kwiincwadi zaba babhali; ndiba ngokwenje njalo ndizama ilinga lokuphakela abo bangengabo abeLungu.
Ndiye ke andahamba ngokuthe ngqo, koko ndihambe ndiphambuka ngokwenciniba, ngenjongo nethemba lokuba ndobehle ndifike apho kuyiwa khona, entlanganweni yeendlela.

Andazi ke bethu, mhlawumbi kothi kanti ndiligqibezele ukulona oku eli bali ngokwenje njalo.
:Mandishiye kambe kunjalo.
::Owenu umkhonzi wemihla nezolo.
:::HENRY MASILA NDAWO.

Lugada E. C. School,
P.O Sigoga
Matatiele
Umhla wama-30 kweyomSintsi kowe-1944

:::**Izalathiso**:::
:Umshweshwe uKumkani wabeSuthu

:ILizwe laseLusuthu

:IMorija, umzi wemfundo kwaMshweshwe

:UMasopha Mshweshwe ikhalipha

:UJoshua Makoanyane, ikhalipha lenene, nomphathi wemikhosi kamShweshwe.

::ISAHLUKO SOKU-1 IGAMA LOBUSUTHU
::ISAHLUKOSESI-II II. ENTSHWANA-TSATSI
::ISAHLUKO SESI-III III. UMHLOMI
::ISAHLUKO SESI-VIIV. ABAKWAMGODELI
::ISAHLUKO SESI-V V. UKUZALWA KUKALEPOQO
::ISAHLUKO SESI-VI VI. UBUKHWENKWE BUKAlEPOQO
::ISAHLUKO SESI-V11 AMADODA AMATHATHU
Esihleliyo sidl'ukuhlala, esiphilayo sesithwethwayo

eli qhalo lithetha ngomfo uBernet George odlala ichess ohlala kwilokishi iKhutsong kwidolophi iCarletonville.
IYunivesithi yeKoloni yaseGood Hope

I*Yuniversity yeKoloni yaseGood Hope*' ngesiNgesi yaziwa ngokuba yi-Cape of Good Hope. Ngonyaka ka1916, yaathiywa igama ngokutsha kwathiwa yiYunivesithi yasemZantsi Africa.  yaathi yakhiwa ngexesha apho urhulumente kaMolteno wathi wapasisa umthetho we-16 ngo1873 kwipalamente yeKoloni yaseGood Hope

The **University of the Cape of Good Hope**, renamed the University of South Africa in 1916, was created when the Molteno government passed Act 16 of 1873 in the Cape of Good Hope Parliament. neyenziwa ngokufanayo neYunivesithi yaseLondon, kuqhutywa imviwo kuphela kweli ziko, akutitshwa ngokwesiqhelo, kodwa linegunya lokuthwesa izidanga zemfundo ephakamileyo, abo baye baziphumelela izifundo zabo ngokufanelekileyo. Unanamhla oku lo msebenzi usaqhuba, kwiSebe lezomculo, apho isithuba esingaphaya kwe-100 leminyaka, abafundi bomculo baye bavavanywa.

## Uludwe lweengqonyela ezikhokhele le Yuniversity
*1874-1876:
*1876–1880: William Porter
*1880–1884: Sir Henry Bartle Edward Frere
*1884–1890: The Earl of Carnarvon
*1890–1898: Sir ULangham Dale
*1898–1901: Justice UCharles Thomas Smith
*1901–1912: the Duke of Cornwall and York (the future George V)
*1912-1918: Field-Marshal Duke of Connaught and Strathearn

## Umthombo wamaphepha ekufunyenwe kuwo le nkcazo
Iimbali zamaXhosa

:Ngokubhalwe ngu-W.K.N
::**UMLIBO KAHLEKE**
UTshiwo, uHleke noMdange, ngoonyana bakaNgconde. utshiwo waazalwa yedwa kokwabo, uHleke noMdange ngabeqadi lakokwabo. 
Le nto igama likaHleke lingembalasane, kungokuba engazange aphume kowabo, abe luphondo oluzimeleyo. uthe yena umdange waphuma wanga umka ngokuzingela iinyamakazi, yasuka yathi yonke impi yakomkhulu enevuso yaya kuye, kube njalo ke ukuze abenabantu, abelicala elivakalayo unanamhla. Buthe ke obukaHleke ubukhosi baphela ngokusuka alahle alibale kukujola izifuba zeenkomo komkhulu apho. 

Ithi imbali amacala kaHleke ebemane: ibiyindlu eNkulu, ikunene, ilikhohlo, ilixhiba. Kwindlu eNkulu, wazala intombi yodwa, egama lingu*Ntlushe*, wathi ekunene wazala *uMtyawu*, inkulu kwanabanye. Ekhohlo uzele u*Mtshiza* owaya kuthatyathwa, waza kufakwa kwiNdlw'eNkulu, kuba ibingenamntwana uyinkwenkwe. Ubeke yinkulu yomzi. 

uthe ke yena wazala uManxa, awamshiya kulo mzi, wabuya yena waza kwaseKhohlo kwicala lakokwabo, eMahobeni. UManxa wazala uXili noVazi bengamawele. 
Kumfazi wokuqala uXili uzele Xhalata noNongongo. Wathi akuphind'ukuzeka, wazeka intombi yasemaMpingeni, uNokhandlo, ethe yona yazala uBini, uKwankwa noTshethse. UBini lowo wathathwa wasiwa kwindlw'eNkulu. Ngelakhe icala uVazi uyisekazi uzele uMambu, uCata noKula; ekunene uzele uBhadulo, uMpontsi nabanye. 
Uthe ke uBini akukhula wavulelwa okaXili umzi, akawunikwa owaseMbonjeni. OwaseMbonjeni wanikwa uNquku, intwenkulu kaMtshiza eyayingazalanga. 

Uthe tu uBini, ngamhlana uthile, weza kucel'inqoma kuyisekazi esithi uyalamba. Wamlandulela omnye. uthe akulandulelwa wasele suka esiya komkhulu, kwaNgqika, eXhukwane, esiya kumangalela uyisekazi lowo ngokuthi umhlutha umzi. Uye wathi uVazi Loo mzi waseMbonjeni wawunikwa yena ngumkhuluwa wakhe. Lithe iphakathi wawunikwa eyephi uBini? Uthe yena kwathiwa mawugcinwe nguye. Ilandiwe loo nto ifunyenwe ingenabungqina, waza wagwetywa uVazi nguNgqika kwathiwa makazikhuphe zonke ezo nkomo azinike uBini. 

Amagxamesi aseMbonjeni ibingawakulo Ntsundwane, nowaseRosheni, nowaseTeke. Kwatshiwo ke kwathiwa makusale owaseMwangwini, usale usaluswa kwanguBini lowo.
IWashington

IWashington, DC, ngokusesikweni iSithili saseColumbia esikwabizwa ngokuba yiDC okanye yiWashington kuphela, ilikomkhulu laseMelika, ibekwe kuMlambo iPotomac emdeni waseMaryland naseVirginia. Isixeko sabizwa ngokuba nguGeorge Washington, umongameli wokuqala wase-United States kunye noBawo oSekwayo, kwaye isithili somanyano sabizwa ngegama likaColumbia, isimntwiso sesizwe. Njengesihlalo sikarhulumente wase-US kunye nemibutho eliqela yamazwe aphesheya, isixeko siyinkunzi ebalulekileyo kwezopolitiko. Sesinye sezixeko ezityelelweyo eMelika, sibona ngaphezulu kwe-20 yezigidi zeendwendwe ngo-2016.

## Imbali

Izizwe ezahlukeneyo zabantu abathetha iAlgonquian Piscataway (ekwabizwa ngokuba yiConoy) bahlala kumazwe ajikeleze uMlambo iPotomac ngethuba amaYurophu aqala ukutyelela londawo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-17. Elinye iqela elaziwa ngokuba yiNacotchtank (ekwabizwa ngokuba yiNacostines ngabavangeli bamaKatolika) lagcina iindawo zokuhlala ezingqonge uMlambo iAnacostia kwiSithili saseColumbia sanamhlanje. Impixano nabakholoniyali baseYurophu kunye nezizwe ezingabamelwane banyanzelisa ukufuduswa kwabantu basePiscataway, abanye babo baseka indawo entsha yokuhlala ngo-1699 ngasePoint of Rocks, eMaryland.

Kwincwadi yakhe yaseburhulumenteni enguNomb. 43, epapashwe nge-23 kaJanuwari, 1788, uJames Madison wathi urhulumente omtsha wobumbano uzakufuna igunya kwikomkhulu lesizwe ukubonelela ngolondolozo nokhuseleko.  Kwiminyaka emihlanu ngaphambilana, iqela lamajoni angahlawulwanga lalingqonge iCongress ngelixa amalungu ayo ayedibene ePhiladelphia. Esaziwa njengePennsylvania Mutiny yowe-1783, lo msitho wagxininisa imfuneko yokuba urhulumente wesizwe angaxhomekeki kulo naliphi na ilizwe kukhuseleko lwayo.  

Inqaku lokuQala, iCandelo leSibhozo, loMgaqo-siseko livumela ukusekwa "kweSithili (esingekho ngaphezulu kweshumi leemayile isikwere) kangangoko, ngokwenziwa kwamazwe athile, kunye nokwamkelwa kweCongress, ukuba ibe sisihlalo sikarhulumente waseMelika".Nangona kunjalo, uMgaqo-siseko awuyichazi indawo eyinkunzi. Kwindawo eyaziwa ngoku njengesiVumelwano sika-1790, uMadison, uAlexander Hamilton, noThomas Jefferson bavumelana ukuba urhulumente wobumbano uzakuhlawula amatyala aseleyo eMfazwe oguquko ngenjongo yokuseka ikomkhulu lesizwe elitsha eMazantsi eUnited States.  

## George Washington
UGeorge Washington wayengumongameli wokuqala we-United States ukusuka ngo-1789 ukuya ku-1797.Washington ukhokele imikhosi yokuthand 'izwe ekuphumeleleni kwimfazwe yaseMelika yoHlaziyo.uWashington wayebizwa ngokuba nguyise wesizwe.Usapho lwaseWashington lwalusisityebi losapho lwaseVirginia olwalutyala olwenza ubutyebi balo ngokuqikelela umhlaba kunye nokulinywa kwecuba
Ukhwekhwe lwexhwili

Le nyamakazi ilixhwili yinyamakazi eyahlal inokhwekhwe olungapheliyo. selisithi ke into ukuba ayivumi ukwahlukana nenye, sekusithiwa ***lukhwekhwe*** lwexhwili. URuti waba lukhwekhwe lwexhwili kuNahomi, uninazala, akavuma ukwahlukana naye. Isifo esithi sinyangwa sibe singaphumi, kuthiwa lukhwekhwe lwexhwili.
Yindaba yakwantombi

Le nto indaba zalapho kwendele khona umntwana wakho, asinto idla ngokuba mnandi yonke imihla. Kukho ezifika zimbi, zilusizi ukuvakala kubantu bakowabo, ngokukodwa kunina noyise. Kukholisa ngokuthi nokuba bebesonwabile kuthi kwakufika iindaba zakhona, babebabi bangonwabi, ithi yonke into ethethwayo ngentombi leyo yabo, nomzi wayo, bangayingeni ukuba ayimnandi, ufike bedungudelisa, bethetha nto zimbi, nakoyibuzayo, bengafuni kuyingena. Kungenxa yaloo nto ke le nto sekukho iqhalo elithi, *yindaba yakwantombi*, oko kukuthi, yinto endithe ndakuyithetha kuye weecwaka, akayingena, wayidungudelisa, yasuka *yayindaba yakwantombi* kuye.'
Unyawo lwemfene

imfene asisilo sikhe sifuywe mntu emaXhoseni, sifuywa emlungwini kuphela. sisilo esikhankanyelwa kubantu abangamagqwirha.
Sisilo ekuthiwa size nabantu baseMbo, kuba ezamaXhosa izilo zokuthakatha ibizizikhova (oothunywashe), nothikoloshe noozimpundulu, nengcuka namachanti. Izilo zokuthwasa ibiziindlovu, ingonyama nengwe. Ke ababeneemfene babezifihla koovimba nakwezinye iindawo ezikholisa ukuyiwa ngabo bodwa, athi norhanayo arhane ngokubona ithupha layo kwakusa, mhlawumbi ngokuyibona ngasebuhlanti, ebusuku, isanya iinkomo zabanye abantu. Eli qhalo livele kuloo nto yokuba kuyinto enqatyiswe kakhulu ngabaniniyo. 

Uthi namhlanje umntu oyinzotsholo, oko kukuthi, onguntamnani, uve sekusithiwa, *Lunyawo lwemfene*, mhlawumbi lunyawo luka-Janyuwali; oko kukuthi yinto esekubonakala yayo yokugaqa nokuhlalela abanye abantu, ngasese ebexoka, ebahleba, esekeleze inzuzo kuphela ngabo. Waye enjalo nje ezifihla, ebonakala ngathi ulungile, ekukhanyela ukuba unguntamnani, ade alile nokulila. Uthi ke kuba efihlwa kakhulu umntu onjalo, njengemfene, ngaabo abathuthela iindaba, kuze kubonakale imisebenzi yakhe yodwa, sekuthiwa *Lunyawo lwemfene* . Ngumsebenzi okukhohlakala kukhulu, obufanele ukuba ungenziwa, ungangenwa, ngabantu bakowethu ngenxa yenzuzo yemali.
Ixhama litolwe ngaaThwa

Kuthiwa ngamanyange bebesithi abaTwa bakutola inyamakazi, bafike baqale ngenqweme balenze ithyotama, oko kukuthi balidibanise nobubende. Ke bebedla ngokuthi bakuba bedle inqweme elo, basuke bacubhuke, bozele bafunyanwe zintshaba zabo babezizisulu. Kuthiwa waabafumana ngaloo nxa uGxuluwe. Sekusithiwa ke xa kunconywa into ebusulu, *Ixhama litolwe ngabaThwa*
Ukubamb'isisila sehobe

Loo ntetho ithatyathelwe kuba ebesithi umntu akubambisa ihobe ngomgibe nokuba kungezibatha,
athi ngokungxama, kanti kanti ulibambe ngesisila, aze athi akulikhulula kanti liyakuthi ngokubhabha
sisuke sixhwitheke, liphuluke, libaleke ashiyeke edanile. sekusithiwa umntu ngoku othe waya kucela into 
kwaba bantu basebenza ezidolophini, aze athenjiswe ukuba uza kunikwa into, kuthiwe makeme endaweni ethile alinde lo gama asasebenzayo omnye, wobuye eze kumbona, aze kanti loo mntu esitsho nje uyakuphuma ngomnyango (Kwezi zindlu ziminyango mininzi zasemlungwini)emke amshiye, abe yena umceli lowo emi kuloo ndawo elindile. athi ngokubona ukuba kuyahlwa uwabo engafiki, ade askuke emke ngokudinwa, athi xa loo nto ayixela kwabanye, "UNantsi uthe wandithembisa wathi mandilindele ekuthini, ukanti esitsho nje, *undibambisa isisila sehobe.* Lifana neli lithi, *'undibambise iliwa*.'
Isisele sombinza

Umbinza ngumthi obutyiwa kakhulu emaXhoseni, ungenzelwa ndlala. Ubusithi ukuba ufunyenwe uluhlaza, ungekavuthwa, udwatywe, ukhiwe, umbelwe izisele, uthi wakufumana ukufudumala esiseleni ubehle uvuthwe kamsinya. Lukwanjalo uTongothi. Ke ezo zisele zombinza beziba zizisulu zokubiwa ngabantu bonke nezingalunge kubo. Livele apho ke eliqhalo. Ithi into yakuba luhlantlalala olungenabani, athi wonke umntu azenzele kuyo engayicelanga, kuthiwe *sisisele sombinza*.
Deda mhlangala endaweni yenyhwangi

UMhlangala neNyhwangi ziinyamazana eziphants'ukufana ngezimilo zomzimba nemilomo yazo ukuba ziintshuntshute, koko zahlukile ngamabala nangeziqu zazo. Eli qhalo laaqala kubazingeli ngokuhlala bewabona ukweyisana kwawo loo marhamncwa, aqonda kakuhle ukuba uMhlangala uyoyiswa yinyhwangi, ngangokuba uthi yakufika iNyhwangi apho ubukhona selusuka udeda umka kuloo ndawo. Liqhalo athi akufika umntu omkhulu akufika kuhleli umntwana nokuba ngumntu amoyisayo, athi kuye "Deda mhlangala endaweni yenyhwangi."