Isisu esihambisayo

I-Edinburgh

**I-Diarrhea** okanye **isisu esihambisayo** yimeko yokuba nelindle elikhululekileyo nokuba kukathathu okanye elimanzi ukuzithumangosuku ngalunye. Oko kuqhuba iintsuku ezimbalwa kwaye kungakhokelela ekomeni ngenxa yokuphelelwa ngamanzi. Iimpawu zokoma zidlalngokuqala ngokulahleka kokutwebeka okuqhelekileyo kolusu kunye neenguqu kubuqu. Oku kungaqhuba kuye kuhlise  komchamo, ukulahleka kobuthuthu kombala wolusu, a isantya sokubetha kwentlizizyo, kunye ukuhla kwindlela yokuphendula njengoko iba mandundu ngakumbi. Ilindle elikhululekileyo kodwa elingekho manzi kwiintsana ezincanciswayo, kanti, lingaba liqhelekile.

Oyena nobangela uqhelekileyo lusuleleko lwamathumbungenxa nokuba yintsholongwane, ibacteria, inkcukuthu, okanye imeko eyaziwa i-gastroenteritis. Olu suleleleko ludla ngokufumaneka ekutyeni okanye amanzi asulelekilwe lilindle, okanye ngqo ukusuka komnye umntu owasulelekileyo. IKungohlulwa kube ziindidi ezintathu: ubude bexesha elifutshane besisu esihambisa amanzi, ubude bexesha elifutshane besisu segazi, kwaye ukuba siqhuba kude kube ziiveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini, isisu esihambisa oko. Ubude bexesha elifutshane besisu esihambisa amanzi kungenzeka ngenxa yolwasuleleko yi-cholera. Ukuba kukho negazi oko kwaziwa njenge dysentery. Inani lokungosuleleki lingakhokelele kwisisu eshambisayo kuquka: i-hyperthyroidism, ukungavumelani neswekile yobisi, isifo sokukrala kwamathumbu, inani lamayeza, kunye nesindrom yokutyabuka kwamathumbu phakathi kwezinye. Kwizehlo ezininzi iintsholongwange zelindle aziyomfuneko ukuqinisekisa oyena nobangela.

Ukuthintela isisu esihambisayo esosulelayo kungokuphuculwa kogutyulo lwelindle, ucoceko lwamanzi aselwayo, kunye nokuhlanjwa kwezandla. Ukuncacnisa ubuncinane iinyanga ezintandathu kuyacetyiswa njengoko kuyi vaccination kwi-rotavirus. Umxube oselwayo wokuphelisa ukoma (ORS), ongamanzi acocekileyo ngemithamo emincinane yetyiwa neswekile, lunyango lokuzithandela. iipilisi ze-Zinc nazo ziyacetyiswa. Olu nyango luye lwaqikelelwa ukuba luncede abantwana abazizigidi ezingama-50 kwiminyaka engama-25 edlulileyo. Xa abantu benesisu esihambisayo kucetyiswa ukuba kufuneka baqhubeke batye ukutya okusempilweni ze abantwana baqhubeke nokuncanca. Ukuba urhwebo lwe-ORS alukho, imixube eyenziwe ekhaya ingasetyenziswa. Kwabo abanokoma okumandundu, i-intravenous fluids zingaba yimfuneko. Kwizehlo ezininzi; nokuba, kungalawulwa kakuhle ngamanzi aselwa ngomlomo. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (Antibiotic, ngelixa esetyenziswa ngokunqabileyo, angacetyiswa kwizehlo ezimbalwa ezifana nezo zabanesisu esihambisa igazi nomkhuhlane omkhulu, kwabo izisu ezilandela emva kohambo ezimandla, nabo abakhula intsholongwane ethile kwilindle labo okanye iinkcukuthu. i-Loperamide inganceda ukunciphisa inani lokuzithuma kodwa ayicetyiswa kwabo basesifo esimandundu.

Malunga ne-1.7 ukuya 5&nbsp;kwizehlo ezizizigidi sezigidi zokubakho kwesisu esihambisayo ngonyaka. Kuqhelekile kakhulu kumazwe asahlumayo, apho abantwana abancinci babanesisu esihambisayo kumyinge ongamaxesha amathathu enyakeni. Kwihlabathi jikelele, ukususela ngo-2012, ngunobangela wesibini ongoyena uqhelekileyo ukufa kubantwana abancinci kuneminyaka emihlanu (0.76 yezigidi okanye 11%). Izehlo zesisu segazi ezininzi zingunobangela oqhelekileyo wokungondleki komzimba kunye nonobangela oqhelekileyo kwabo abancinci kuneminyaka emihlanu. Ezinye iingxaki ezingunobangela kuquka ukungakhuli kakuhle komzimba nokwengqondo.

## Isalathisi