Isibindi

I**sibindi** yinjini yomzimba efumaneka emazants’omzimba. Yinxalenye yeenkqubo zomziba ekuthiwa yigastrointestinal. Ngamanye amaxesha abantu basebenzisa isimaphambili u*hepar- okanye u-hepat-* xa bethetha ngesibindi. 

## Umsebenzi wesibindi
Zininzi izinto ezibalulekileyo ezenziwa sisibindi emzimbeni womntu:
* Isibindi senza inyongo. Inyongo yinto engamanz’atyheli buluhlaza okwengca aya ngqo kumathunjana esisu ukuze incede ekusileni ukutya esikutyayo. 
* Isibindi singuvimba weglucose xa sisitya sikwafaka iglucose egazini xa kanye iglucose yethu egazini iye yahla. oku kusenokwenzeka xa kuthe kanti khange sitye ixesha elide. 
* Isibindi sithatha iprotein kunye namafutha size sizijike zibeyiglucose. Oku kubalilekile xa singena nto yokutya. Singawasebenzisa amafutha ebesiwagcinile, siwenze iglucose esingayisebenzisa. 
* Kananjalo isibindi senza inxalenye yamafutha kunye necholesterol.
* Isibindi sihluza (uhluza izinto ezincinane ezingafunekiyo egazini) izinto ezininzi ezisegazini:
** Ihemoglobin
** iiproteins ezninjengeenzymes, iiinsulin, kunye neserum amyloid a
** i-Ammonia
** ityhefu (izinto eziyityhefu) nokungcola okusuka emzimbeni
* Isibindi sigcina (singuvimba) weevitamins kunye neeminerals.
* Isibindi senza iiproteins ezininzi:
** Iiproteins ezenza igazi lakho libe namahlwili – libizwa ngokuba ziiproteni zecoagulation.
** iiproteni ezifana nealbumin
* kwiimveku ezingekazalwa xa zisencinane kakhulu, isibindi senza iired blood cells.

## Izifo zesibindi
zininzi iintlobontlobo zezifo zesibindi. Izifo zesibindi zingamenza agule kakhulu  umntu ngenxa yayo yonke imisebenzi ebalulekileyo eyenziwa sisibindi. Abantu abanezifo ezimbi zesibindi bayafa ngaphandle kokuba bafumane isibindi esingathi similiselwe. Oku kwenzeka xa isibindi esithathwe komnye umntu ogqiba kubhubha size sifakelwe komnye umntu ngotyando. Utyando olu lolu hlobo lolunzima kakhulu kodwa lungabusindisa ubomi bomntu.  

### Iimpawu zezifo zesibindi
Iimpawu zesifo sesibindi zibonakala ngokuthi isibindi singabisawenza umsebenzi esimelwe kukuwenza.  

Isibindi asinakuhluza tyhefu nakungcola kusuka emzimbeni, ngoko ke zonke ezi zinto zingalunganga emzimbeni zihlala egazini ixesha elide. Enye yezi zinto ethi yande egazini yinto ekuthiwa yibilirubin. Xa ziye zafa iired blood cells, ihemoglobin ekuzo ivuzela egazini. Ize ke ngoko ihemoglobin ibe yibilirubin (into etyheli eyenza ukuba inyongo ibetyheli.) Isibindi sikhupha ibilirubin egazini size siyifake enyongweni. Inyongo iyehla iye emathunjini ize ke ngoko iphume nokungcola komzimba. Ukuba isibindi sonzakele, asikwazi ukususa ibilirubin, ize ke ngoko ibilirubin ihlale egazini. Le nto yenza okokuba umzimba womntu ubonakale utyheli ize kuthiwe ke loo nto yijaundic. Ngoko ke amehlo atyheli kunye nesikhumba esityheli ziimpawu zesifo sesibindi.  

Ezinye iimpawu zesibindi nazi: 
* Ukopha kuba isibindi singenzi ziproteni zamahlwili ngokwaneleyo 
* ukudumba komzimba. Ukuba ukudumba kokwamazantsi omzimba kuthiwa yi*ascites*
* Ukubhideka engqondweni nokudinwa okungummangaliso ngenxa yeammonia eninzi engenakuhluzwa sisibindi. 
* Ukopha kwemithambo edumbe kakhulu kwiesophagus oko kuthiwa yi*esophageal varices*. Oku kopha kungenza okokuba umntu afe ngokukhawuleza. 

### Iintlobo zezifo zesibindi
IHepatitis kuxa iicell zesibindi zi*sitsha* (ukugula.) Oku kungasuka kusuleleko lwivirus. Oku kungenziwa yityhefu. (Ityhefu exhaphakileyo eyenza ihepatitis yi*[[alcohol]]*.) oku kungaba kusuka kwisifosofuzo. oku kungasuka kwisifo seautoimmune xa inkqubo zokomeleza umzimba zonzakeli. 

ICirrhosis yenziwa kukufa kweecells zesibindi okwenzeka qho. xa zithe zafa iiceels, kwenzeka inyamana ekuthiwa siscar. esi scar siyayonakalisa indlela esimile ngayo isibindi. Oku kwenze okokuba isibindi singasebenzi. Oku kukwadaka uxinzelelo olukhulu kwimithambo eya esibindini. olu xinzelelo lungaka lwenza *iesophageal varices*. esona sizathu sixhaphakileyo sesifo icirrhosis emhlabeni lusuleleko lwehepatitis B virus.

Ezinye izifo zesibindi zinganyangwa kuphela ngofakelo sibindi.