Ukunqumla kweendlela

**Ukunqumla Kweendlela** yinkqubo yokuhlalutya yokuqonda indlela abantu abahlukeneyo, bezentlalo kunye nezopolitiko ezidibanisa ngayo ukwenza iindlela ezahlukeneyo zocalucalulo kunye nelungelo . Ukudibana kweendlela kuchonga izinto ezininzi eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo.  Imizekelo yale miba ibandakanya isini, uhlanga, umgangatho, inkolo, isiphene, ubunzima kunye nenkangeleko yomzimba .  Ezi mpawu zentlalo zidibanayo kunye nezinxibelelanayo zinokuxhobisa kwaye zicinezele .  

Ukunqumla kweendlela kwandisa umda wamaza okuqala kunye namaza obufazi, egxininise kakhulu kumava amabhinqa amhlophe, aphakathi kunye nengxubano yosini,  ukubandakanya amava ahlukeneyo amabhinqa anemibala, abafazi abangamahlwempu, abafazi abasuka kwamanye amazwe, kunye namanye amaqela. Ukunqumla kweendlela okuhambelana kunye nobubhinqa kujolise ekuzahluleni kububhinqa obumhlophe ngokuvuma amava ahlukeneyo kunye nobunikazi babasetyhini. 

Igama elithi *ukunqumla kweendlela* layilwa nguKimberlé Crenshaw ngo-1989. [7] chaza indlela iinkqubo ezidityanisiweyo zamagunya ezibachaphazela ngayo abo bajongelwe phantsi eluntwini . [7] Amatshantliziyo asebenzisa isakhelo ukukhuthaza ukulingana kwezentlalo nezopolitiko .  Ukunqumla kweendlela kuchasene neenkqubo zohlalutyo eziphatha i-axis nganye yengcinezelo ngokuzimeleyo. Kulo mgaqo-sikhokelo, umzekelo, ukucalucalulwa kwabasetyhini abamnyama akunakuchazwa njengento elula yenzondo kubantu basetyhini kunye nobuhlanga, kodwa njengento enzima ngakumbi.  I-Intersectionality ibandakanyeka kwimixholo efana nocinezelo oluphindaphindwe kathathu, ingcinezelo ehambelana nokuba ngumfazi ohluphekileyo okanye ovela kwelinye ilizwe. Uhlalutyo lonqumananiso lweendlela lungqamanisa ngokusondeleyo kunye nocalucalulo lwamabhinqa yohlalutyo lwamandla.

Ukugxekwa kuquka utyekelo lwenkqubo-sikhokelo yokunciphisa abantu kwiinkalo ezithile zabantu,  nokusetyenziswa kwayo njengesixhobo sokucinga esichasene nezinye iinkqubo zolwazi lwabasetyhini .  Abagxeki baye babonakalisa isakhelo njengento engaqondakaliyo kwaye engenazo iinjongo ezichaziweyo. Njengoko isekelwe kwimo yolwazi, abagxeki bathi ukugxila kumava ezihloko kunokukhokelela ekuchaseni kunye nokungakwazi ukuchonga izizathu eziqhelekileyo zengcinezelo. Uhlalutyo lwamanqaku emfundo apapashwe ngenyanga yoMnga ka-2019 lufumanise ukuba akukho ndlela zamkelwe ngokubanzi zobungakanani bokuphanda imibuzo yophando esekelwe ekudibaneni kweendlela kwaye inike iingcebiso malunga neendlela ezingcono zohlalutyo kuphando lwexesha elizayo.  Uhlalutyo lwamanqaku emfundo olupapashwe ngenyanga KaCanzibe ka-2020 lufumanise ukuba ukudibana kweendlela kuhlala kungaqondwa kakuhle xa kusahlulwa ulwazi  kwindlela yobungakanani. 

Ingqikelelo yokuhlangana kweendlela yaziswa kwinkalo yezifundo zomthetho ngumphengululi omnyama wabasetyhini uKimberlé Crenshaw,  osebenzise eli gama kwizincoko ezimbini.  yapapashwa ngo-1989 nango-1991.  Ngelixa ithiyori ngokuyintloko yaqala njengokuphononongwa kwengcinezelo yabasetyhini abamnyama kuluntu kunye neendlela abafumana ngayo ukuhlangana kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zengcinezelo, uhlalutyo luye lwanda ukuze lubandakanye iinkalo ezininzi zobuntu bentlalontle. Izazisi ezidla ngokubhekiswa kwi -feminism yesine ziquka ubuhlanga, isini, isini, isini, udidi, isakhono, ubuzwe, ubumi, inkolo, kunye nohlobo lomzimba. Eli gama alizange lamkelwe ngokubanzi ngabasetyhini kude kube ngama-2000 kwaye liye lakhula ukususela ngelo xesha.