open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Katloan ka tuig nga gyera

An **Katloan ka tuig nga gyera** (1618-1648) amo an usa ha ginsasamoki nga aragway ha kaagi han Europa. Kadam-an han aragway nahitabo ha Aleman ngan an iba ha durudilain nga nasod han Europa.

## Pinanbasaran

## Padugang nga barasahon
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* Bonney, Richard. *The Thirty Years' War 1618–1648* (Osprey, 2002), 96pp; focus on combat
* Dukes, Paul, ed. (1995) *Muscovy and Sweden in the Thirty Years' War 1630-1635* Cambridge University Press.
* Grosjean, Alexia (2003) *An Unofficial Alliance: Scotland and Sweden, 1569-1654*, Brill, Leiden.
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* Kamen, Henry. "The Economic and Social Consequences of the Thirty Years' War," *Past and Present* (1968) 39#1 pp 44–61 in JSTOR
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* Lynn, John A., *The Wars of Louis XIV: 1667–1714* (Longman Publishers: Harlow, England, 1999).
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*Murdoch, S., K. Zickermann and A. Marks (2012), ‘The Battle of Wittstock 1636: Conflicting Reports on a Swedish Victory in Germany’, *Northern Studies*, vol. 43, pp.&nbsp;71–109.
* Murdoch, Steve and Alexia Grosjean (2014), *Alexander Leslie and the Scottish generals of the Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648* Pickering & Chatto, London
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* Parrott, D (2001) *Richelieu’s Army: War, Government and Society in France, 1624-1642* Cambridge: CUP.
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* Joseph Polisensky (2001), 'A Note on Scottish Soldiers in the Bohemian War, 1619-1622' in Steve Murdoch (ed.), *Scotland and the Thirty Years' war, 1618-1648* Brill, Leiden, pp.&nbsp;109–115.
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* Rabb, Theodore K. "The Effects of the Thirty Years' War on the German Economy," *Journal of Modern History* (1962) 34#1 pp.&nbsp;40–51 in JSTOR
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* Thion, S. (2008) *French Armies of the Thirty Years’ War*, Auzielle: Little Round Top Editions.
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### Mga panguna nga pagkukuhaan
* Sir Thomas Kellie, *Pallas Armata or Military Instructions for the Learned, The First Part* (Edinburgh, 1627).
* Monro, R. *His Expedition with a worthy Scots Regiment called Mac-Keyes*, (2 vols., London, 1637).
* Helfferich, Tryntje, ed. *The Thirty Years' War: A Documentary History,* (Indianapolis: Hackett, 2009). 352 pages. 38 key documents including diplomatic correspondence, letters, broadsheets, treaties, poems, and trial records. excerpt and text search
* Wilson, Peter H. ed. *The Thirty Years' War: A Sourcebook* (2010); includes state documents, treaties, correspondence, diaries, financial records, artwork; 240pp
*Dr Bernd Warlich has edited four diaries of the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648). These valuable sources can be viewed at:
http://www.mdsz.thulb.uni-jena.de/sz/index.php

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

*The Thirty Years' War – Czech republic 
*Thirty Years' War – LoveToKnow 1911
*The Thirty Years' War – The Catholic Encyclopedia
*The Thirty Years' War LearningSite
*Thirty Years' War Timeline
*Project "Peace of Westphalia" (among others with Essay Volumes of the 26th Exhibition of the Council of Europe "1648: War and Peace in Europe", 1998/99) 
**[http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/6775 History of the Thirty Years' War]* by Friedrich von Schiller at Project Gutenberg
*The Thirty Years' War 
*BBC Radio4 documentary – The Invention of Germany: The Thirty Years' War and Magdeburg
Diabetes mellitus

An **Diabetes mellitus** amo an usa nga sakit nga kulang it nahihimo nga insulin han lawas. An insulin amo an kinahanglan nga pantunaw han mga asukar ngan iba pa nga pagkaon ngan mahimo ini nga kusog han lawas. An may sakit hini, natirok la an damo nga asukar ha dugo nga agsob nangangadto ha durudilain nga komplikasyon ha lawas.

## Pinanbasaran

## Padugang nga barasahon
* Diabetolohiya
* 

## Mga sumpay ha gawas
* World Diabetes Day - Nobyembre 14
* DiabetEase Magazine 
* Diabetes Center Philippines

* Diabetes  at the Open Directory Project
* American Diabetes Association
* IDF Diabetes Atlas
* National Diabetes Education Program
Go

An **go** (Hinapon: 碁) amo an usa nga mulay ha lamesa nga ginuuyagan hin duha nga magmurulay gamit hin duha nga kolor nga mga bato (itom ngan busag). Kilala ini nga **igo** (Hinapon: 囲碁), **weiqi** (Yano nga Tsino: 围棋) o **wei ch'i** (Tradisyonal nga Tsino: 圍棋) (Tsinino), o **baduk** (Kinoryano: 바둑).

## Pinanbasaran

### Bibliograpiya

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*  in Bozulich 2001—pp.&nbsp;142–155
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## Padugang nga barasahon
**Introductory books**

* Baker, Karl. ''The Way to Go: How to Play the Asian Game of Go'', American Go Association, New York, rev. 7th ed., 2008, available as free .pdf download or e-book.
* Bradley, Milton N. *Go for Kids*, Yutopian Enterprises, Santa Monica, 2001 ISBN 978-1-889554-74-7.
* Cho, Chikun. *Go: A Complete Introduction to the Game*, Kiseido Publishers, Tokyo, 1997, ISBN 978-4-906574-50-6.
* Cobb, William. *The Book of Go*, Sterling Publishers, 2002, ISBN 978-0-8069-2729-9.
* Iwamoto, Kaoru. *Go for Beginners*, Pantheon, New York, 1977, ISBN 978-0-394-73331-9.
* Kim, Janice, and Jeong Soo-hyun. *Learn to Play Go* series, five volumes: Good Move Press, Sheboygan, Wisconsin, second edition, 1997. ISBN 0-9644796-1-3.
* Matthews, Charles. *Teach Yourself Go*, McGraw-Hill, 2004, ISBN 978-0-07-142977-1.
* Shotwell, Peter. *Go! More than a Game*, Tuttle Publishing, Boston, Revised 2010. ISBN 0-8048-3475-X.

**Historical interest**

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## Mga Sumpay ha Gawas

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* International Go Federation (IGF), at intergofed.org
* European Go Federation (EGF), at eurogofed.org
* American Go Association (AGA), at usgo.org
* The Nihon Ki-in (Japan Go Association), at nihonkiin.or.jp
* History of Go 
* Sensei's Library, a wiki about and around the game of Go
* Goproblems.com, open database of interactive Go problems, at goproblems.com
* Go Game Guru, frequently updated site where you can learn Go, study Go and read Go news
* Direct download for free print and play 9x9 Go set in A4  and letter  formats.
* The Interactive Way to Go, an interactive tutorial for the Go game.
Hangul

An **Hangul**(한글) amo an tuminongnong nga Kinoryano nga abakadahan.

## Pinanbasaran

## Mga reperensya
*  (Volume 4 of the *London Oriental and African Language Library*).
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## Mga sumpay ha gawas

* Korean alphabet learning exercises 
* Korean alphabet and pronunciation by Omniglot]
* Online Hangul tutorial at Langintro.com
* Hangul table with Audio Slideshow 
* Technical information on Hangul and Unicode
* Hangul Sound Keyboard  at Kmaru.com
* Learn Hangul  at Korean Wiki Project
Namok

An mga **lamok** o **namok** amo an nanlulupad nga mananap nga tikang ha banay Culicidae. An **Culicidae** in uska familia han Diptera. An Culicidae in nahilalakip ha ordo nga Diptera, classis nga Insecta, punoan nga Arthropoda, ngan regnum nga Animalia. An familia nga Culicidae in naglalakip hin 3684 ka mga species, sumala ha Catalogue of Life. 

## Ilarom nga taxa

* *[[Aedeomyia]]*
* *[[Aedes]]*
* *[[Anopheles]]*
* *[[Armigeres]]*
* *[[Ayurakitia]]*
* *[[Bironella]]*
* *[[Borichinda]]*
* *[[Chagasia]]*
* *[[Coquillettidia]]*
* *[[Culex]]*
* *[[Culiseta]]*
* *[[Deinocerites]]*
* *[[Eretmapodites]]*
* *[[Ficalbia]]*
* *[[Galindomyia]]*
* *[[Haemagogus]]*
* *[[Heizmannia]]*
* *[[Hodgesia]]*
* *[[Isostomyia]]*
* *[[Johnbelkinia]]*
* *[[Kimia]]*
* *[[Limatus]]*
* *[[Lutzia]]*
* *[[Malaya]]*
* *[[Mansonia]]*
* *[[Maorigoeldia]]*
* *[[Mimomyia]]*
* *[[Onirion]]*
* *[[Opifex]]*
* *[[Orthopodomyia]]*
* *[[Psorophora]]*
* *[[Runchomyia]]*
* *[[Sabethes]]*
* *[[Shannoniana]]*
* *[[Tipula]]*
* *[[Topomyia]]*
* *[[Toxorhynchites]]*
* *[[Trichoprosopon]]*
* *[[Tripteroides]]*
* *[[Udaya]]*
* *[[Uranotaenia]]*
* *[[Verrallina]]*
* *[[Wyeomyia]]*
* *[[Zeugnomyia]]*

## Galeriya hin mga imahe


Aedes aegypti E-A-Goeldi 1905.jpg
Anopheles Culex larvae feeding position-USDA.jpg


## Pinanbasaran




## Padugang nga barasahon

* Brunhes, J.; Rhaim, A.; Geoffroy, B.; Angel, G.; Hervy, J. P. *Les Moustiques de l'Afrique mediterranéenne* French/English. Interactive identification guide to mosquitoes of North Africa, with database of information on morphology, ecology, epidemiology, and control. Mac/PC Numerous illustrations. IRD/IPT [12640] 2000 CD-ROM. ISBN 2-7099-1446-8
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## Mga sumpay ha gawas

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* Mosquitoes of Wisconsin 
* Mosquito Information Website
* Mosquitoes  chapter in United States Environmental Protection Agency National Public Health Pesticide Applicator Training Manual
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*Mosquito Fact Sheet highlights prevention tips as well as information on habits, habitat and health threats
Uskagatos ka Tuig nga Gyera

An **Uskagatos ka Tuig nga Gyera** amo an ginaragwayan han Fransya ngan Inglatera ha urhi nga Panahon han Kabutngaan. Nagpadayon ini ha 116 ka tuig tikang 1337 ngadto ha 1453. An gyera nagtikang kay hi Charles IV han Fransya namatay ha 1328 nga waray anak nga lalaki ngan hi Edward III han Inglatera natuo nga mayda hiya katungod nga mamana an korona han Fransya tikang ha iya iroy. An Fransya diri naayon hin langyaw nga hadi, hi Philip VI han Fransya nagyakan nga hiya dapat an maging hadi kay it babaye diri puydi makapagpamana hin katungod maghadi nga ighahatag ha ira mga anak. An duha nga nasod nag-away tungod ini nga diri pagkaarasya.

## Pinanbasaran

## Mga reperensya
	
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## Mga sumpay ha gawas

* The Hundred Years War and the History of Navarre
* Timeline of the Hundred Years War 
* The Hundred Years' War (1336–1565) by Dr. Lynn H. Nelson, University of Kansas Emeritus
* The Hundred Years' War information and game 
* The Company Of Chivalry: Re-enactment Society at the time of the 100 Years War 
* Jean Froissart, "On The Hundred Years War (1337–1453)"  from the Internet Medieval Sourcebook
*  Online database of Soldiers serving in the Hundred Years War
Kabutngaay nga Panahon

An **Kabutngaay nga Panahon** amo an usa ka parte han kaagi han Europa. Nagtikang ini ha may 476 CE kun diin an Katundan Imperyo Romano natumba, ngan nagpadayon kutob han panahon hi Cristóbal Colón nabilngan an Bago nga Kalibutan ha 1492. **Butnga nga panahon** it tawag kay ini an panahon ha butnga han katumba han Imperyo Romano ngan ha Pagtikang han Unhan nga Moderno Europeyo.

## Pinanbasaran
Imperyo Mongol

An **Imperyo Mongol** amo an imperyo ha ika 13 ngan ika 14 siglo nga it teritoryo naunat tikang ha Asya pakadto ha Sidlangan Europa. Amo ini an gidadakoi nga sunodsunod nga imperyo ha kaagi han kalibutan; nga nagtikang ha pagtarampo han mga tribo Mongol ngan Turkiya ha kabag-ohan nga Mongolia, nga dumako tungod hin mga pagsakop, kahuman hi Genghis Khan natawag nga tagapamuno han tanan nga Mongo ha 1206. Ha gihahataasi nga ginabut han mga Mongol, naunat ini tikang ha Danube ngado ha Dagat han Hapoon ngan tikang ha Artiko pakadto ha Camboja, nga ha tanan mayda 33.0 ka ribo o milyones km² (ha 1279), katlima (1/5) han tuna han Kalibutan, nga nasakop han 100 ka ribo adto nga panahon.

## Pinanbasaran

### Mga pagkukuhaan
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## Padugang nga barasahon
* Brent, Peter. *The Mongol Empire: Genghis Khan: His Triumph and his Legacy*. Book Club Associates, London. 1976.
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* May, Timothy. "The Mongol Art of War." Westholme Publishing, Yardley. 2007. ISBN 978-1-59416-046-2 / ISBN 1-59416-046-5
* May, Timothy. *The Mongol Conquests in World History* (Reaktion Books, distributed by University of Chicago Press; 2012) 319 pages
* Rossabi, Morris. *The Mongols: A Very Short Introduction.* Oxford University Press, 2012. ISBN 978-0199840892

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

* Genghis Khan and the Mongols
* The Mongol Empire 
* Mongols 
* The Mongols in World History
* The Mongol Empire for students 
* Paradoxplace Insight Pages on the Mongol Emperors 
* William of Rubruck's Account of the Mongols
* Mongol invasion of Rus (pictures)
* Worldwide Death Toll
* Mongol Empire Google Earth
Viking

An **Viking** amo an mga taga Escandinavia nga mga ekplorador, sundalo, negosyante ngan pirata nga nansulong ngan nan-angkon hin halapad nga katunaan ha Europa ha urhi nga ika 8 ngadto ha unhan han 11 siglo.

## Pinanbasran

## Mga reperensya

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## Padugang nga barasahon

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* Downham, Clare (2011). "Viking Ethnicities. A Historiographic Overview", *History Compass* 10.1 (2012), pp.&nbsp;1–12. PDF Academic.edu - registration required
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## Mga sumpay ha gawas

* Vikings—View videos at The History Channel
* Copenhagen-Portal&nbsp;– The Danish Vikings 
* BBC: History of Vikings
* Encyclopædia Britannica: Viking, or Norseman, or Northman, or Varangian (people)
* Borg Viking museum, Norway 
* Ibn Fadlan and the Rusiyyah, by James E. Montgomery, with full translation of Ibn Fadlan 
* Reassessing what we collect website&nbsp;– Viking and Danish London  History of Viking and Danish London with objects and images
*Wawm, Andrew, The Viking Revival - BBC Online, Ancient History in Depth (updated 17 February 2011)
Gera Sibil Amerikanhon

An **Gera Sibil Amerikanhon** (1861-1865), amo an usa ka gyera sibil ha Estados Unidos. Napulo kag-us (11) nga Salatan Uripon nga Estado nagpasabot hin pagbulag ha Estados Unidos ngan nagtukod hin Estados Confederados han Amerika. Ginunhan ni Jefferson Davis, ginaway nira an Pederal nga gobyerno, nga ginsusuportahan han ngatanan nga talwas nga estado ngan lima ka uripon nga estado ha amihanan.

## Mga reperensya
**Mga pabaro**

**Bibliograpiya**

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* Beringer, Richard E., Archer Jones, and Herman Hattaway, *Why the South Lost the Civil War* (1986) influential analysis of factors; an abridged version is *The Elements of Confederate Defeat: Nationalism, War Aims, and Religion* (1988)
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* Gara, Larry. 1964. *The Fugitive Slave Law: A Double Paradox* in Essays on the Civil War and Reconstruction, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970. (originally published in Civil War History, X, No. 3, Sept 1964)
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* Murray, Robert Bruce. *Legal Cases of the Civil War.* (2003) ISBN 0-8117-0059-3
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* Nevins, Allan. *[[Ordeal of the Union]]*, an 8-volume set (1947–1971). the most detailed political, economic and military narrative; by Pulitzer Prize winner
** 1. Fruits of Manifest Destiny, 1847–1852; 2. A House Dividing, 1852–1857; 3. Douglas, Buchanan, and Party Chaos, 1857–1859; 4. Prologue to Civil War, 1859–1861; vol. 5–8 have the series title "War for the Union"; 5. The Improvised War, 1861–1862; 6. War Becomes Revolution, 1862–1863; 7. The Organized War, 1863–1864; 8. The Organized War to Victory, 1864–1865
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## Dugang nga barasahon
* Gugliotta, Guy. New Estimate Raises Civil War Death Toll, The New York Times, 3 Abril 2012, pg. D1 (of the New York edition), and 2 Abril 2012 on NYTimes.com. Retrieved 3 Abril 2012 online.
* Bibliography of American Civil War naval history

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

* 
* Civil War photos at the National Archives
* View images from the Civil War Photographs Collection at the Library of Congress
* Civil War Trust
* Civil War Era Digital Collection at Gettysburg College  This collection contains digital images of political cartoons, personal papers, pamphlets, maps, paintings and photographs from the Civil War Era held in Special Collections at Gettysburg College.
* Civil War 150  Washington Post interactive website on 150th Anniversary of the American Civil War.
* Civil War in the American South  – An Association of Southeastern Research Libraries (ASERL) portal with links to almost 9,000 digitized Civil War-era items—books, pamphlets, broadsides, letters, maps, personal papers, and manuscripts—held at ASERL member libraries
* The Civil War – site with 7,000 pages, including the complete run of Harper's Weekly newspapers from the Civil War
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* Civil War Living History Reenactments (videos)
* West Point Atlas of Civil War Battles
Imperyo Britaniko

An **Imperyo Britaniko** o kun ha Ininglis **British Empire** usa ka Kusog Kalibutanon nga may teritoryo nga gintatagiyahan han Reino Unido. An imperyo amo an gidadako-i nga imperyo ha kaagi. Han iya gihahatas-an, mayda ini kat-upat nga teritoryo han kalibutan.

## Pinanbasaran

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## Mga sumpay ha gawas

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*The British Empire. An Internet Gateway
*The British Empire
*The British Empire audio resources at TheEnglishCollection.com
Matugnaw nga Gyera

An **Mahagkot nga Gyera** o **Matugnaw nga Gyera** nahitabo ha butnga han 1945 ngadto ha 1991. An duha nga tunay nga magkaaway, an Estados Unidos ngan an Sobyet Unyon, waray atunbangay nga nakipaggyera, kundi an ita mga batos la. Damo nga natawo an nahadlok nga mangadto ini ha Gyera Nuclear pero waray ini nahitabo. 

## Pinanbasaran
Rebolusyon Industriyal

An **Rebolusyon Industiyal** amo an panahon ha urhi ika 18 siglo ngadto ha unhan ika 19 siglo nga dagko nga pagbag-o an nanhitabo ha pag-uma, paghimo hin produkto, pagmina, ngan mga sarakyan nga dako an epekto ha socioekonomiya ngan kultura nga kabutangan ha Britanya. An mga pagbag-o nagkalat didto ha Europa, Amihanan nga Amerika, ngan ha uruurhi, ha kabug-usan han kalibutan.

## Mga reperensya

### Bibliograpiya
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* Clapham, J. H. *The Economic Development of France and Germany 1815–1914* (1936)
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* Haber, Ludwig. *The Chemical Industry During the Nineteenth Century: A Study of the Economic Aspect of Applied Chemistry in Europe and North America* (1958); *The Chemical Industry: 1900–1930: International Growth and Technological Change* (1971)
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* Kornblith, Gary. *The Industrial Revolution in America*  (1997)
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* McNeil, Ian, ed. *An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology* (1996), 1063pp excerpt and text search
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* Milward, Alan S. and S. B. Saul. *The Development of the Economies of Continental Europe: 1850-1914* (1977)
* Milward, Alan S. and S. B. Saul. *The Economic Development of Continental Europe 1780-1870* (1973)
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* Olson, James S. *Encyclopedia of the Industrial Revolution in America* (2001)
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* Rider, Christine, ed. *Encyclopedia of the Age of the Industrial Revolution, 1700–1920* (2 vol. 2007)
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### Historiography
* Chambliss, William J. (editor), *Problems of Industrial Society*, Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co, December 1973. ISBN 978-0-201-00958-3
*Hawke, Gary. "Reinterpretations of the Industrial Revolution" in Patrick O'Brien and Roland Quinault, eds. *The Industrial Revolution and British Society* (1993) pp 54–78
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### Pinanbasaran

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

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*Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Industrial Revolution 
*BBC History Home Page: Industrial Revolution
*National Museum of Science and Industry website: machines and personalities
*Factory Workers in the Industrial Revolution
*Revolutionary Players website 
*The Industrial Revolution—Articles, Video, Pictures, and Facts
*''Industrial Revolution and the Standard of Living'' by Clark Nardinelli – the debate over whether standards of living rose or fell.
*The History of the Count House of Ding Dong Mine, Cornwall where Richard Trevithick carried out his first experiments with high pressure steam
*"The Day the World Took Off" Six part video series from the University of Cambridge tracing the question "Why did the Industrial Revolution begin when and where it did."
Gera Koreano

An pulong nga **Gera Koreano** may kasirigngon nga gyera han Amihanan nga Korea ngan Salatan nga Korea, nga nagtikang han 25 Hunyo 1950 nga nangadto ha Armistisyo nga ginpirmahan ha 27 Hulyo 1953.
Gyera Sibil Espanyol

An **Gyera Sibil Espanyol** amo an usa ka dako nga diri pagkaarasya nga nagguba han Espanya tikang 17 Hulyo 1936 ngadto ha 1 Abril 1939. Nagtikang ini han waray kadayon nga kudeta kontra han gobyerno han ikaduha nga Republika Espanyol, nga gindadara ni Mangulo Manuel Azaña, han usa ka grupo nga Espanyol nga heneral, suportado han conserbatibo nga Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas, Carlisto nga grupo, ngan Falange Española de las J.O.N.S. Nagtapos an giyera ha pagdaog han kusog han rebelde, ha pagpatalsik han gobyero republikano, ngan pagtukod han diktadorya ni Heneral Francisco Franco.
Pinagsarabutan ha Versailles

An **Pinagsarabutan ha Versailles** amo an usa ka tratado han kamurayaw nga nagundang han Gyera Pangkalibutan I. Ginundang hini an gyera han Aleman kontra Kusog Alyado. Ginpirmahan ini ha 28 Hunyo 1919, eksakta lima ka tuig kahuman han pagpatay kan Arkoduke Franz Ferdinand. 

## Pinanbasaran

## Mga reperensya

## Padugang nga barasahon

* Manfred F. Boemke, Gerald D. Feldman, and Elisabeth Gläser (eds.), *The Treaty of Versailles: A Reassessment After 75 Years.* Washington, DC: German Historical Institute, 1998.
* Norman A. Graebner and Edward M. Bennett, *The Versailles Treaty and Its Legacy: The Failure of the Wilsonian Vision.* New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

## Mga sumpay ha gawas
Anarkismo

An **Anarkismo** usa nga pilosopiya politikal nga nagpapasamwak han mga teyorya ngan mga kiwa nga ginsasalikway an gobyerno. Ira ginkokonsidera nga an gobyerno waray gamit ngan nakakaraot; ngan nagduduso hini an pagtanggal han estado o anarkiya.

## Pinanbasaran

## Dugang nga barasahon
* Barclay, Harold, *People Without Government: An Anthropology of Anarchy* (2nd ed.), Left Bank Books, 1990 ISBN 1-871082-16-1
* Blumenfeld, Jacob; Bottici, Chiara; Critchley, Simon, eds., *The Anarchist Turn*, Pluto Press. 19 March 2013. ISBN 9780745333427
* Carter, April, *The Political Theory of Anarchism*, Harper & Row. 1971. ISBN 978-0-06-136050-3
* Gordon, Uri, *Anarchy Alive!*, London: Pluto Press, 2007.
* Graham, Robert, ed., **.
** *Volume One: From Anarchy to Anarchism (300CE to 1939)*, Black Rose Books, Montréal and London 2005. ISBN 1-55164-250-6.
** *Volume Two: The Anarchist Current (1939–2006)*, Black Rose Books, Montréal 2007. ISBN 978-1-55164-311-3.
* Guerin, Daniel, ''Anarchism: From Theory to Practice'', Monthly Review Press. 1970. ISBN 0-85345-175-3
* Harper, Clifford, *Anarchy: A Graphic Guide*, (Camden Press, 1987): An overview, updating Woodcock's classic, and illustrated throughout by Harper's woodcut-style artwork.
* McKay, Iain, ed., *[[An Anarchist FAQ]]*.
** *Volume I*, AK Press, Oakland/Edinburgh 2008;  558 pages, ISBN 978-1-902593-90-6.
** *Volume II*, AK Press, Oakland/Edinburgh 2012; 550 Pages, ISBN 978-1-84935-122-5
* McLaughlin, Paul, *Anarchism and Authority: A Philosophical Introduction to Classical Anarchism*, AshGate. 2007. ISBN 0-7546-6196-2
* Nettlau, Max, *Anarchy through the times*, Gordon Press. 1979. ISBN 0-8490-1397-6
* 
* Scott, James C., *Two Cheers for Anarchism: Six Easy Pieces on Autonomy, Dignity, and Meaningful Work and Play*, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2012. ISBN 9780691155296.
* Woodcock, George, *Anarchism: A History of Libertarian Ideas and Movements* (Penguin Books, 1962). ISBN 0-14-022697-4. .
* Woodcock, George, ed., *The Anarchist Reader* (Fontana/Collins 1977; ISBN 0-00-634011-3): An anthology of writings from anarchist thinkers and activists including Proudhon, Kropotkin, Bakunin, Malatesta, Bookchin, Goldman, and many others.
* Woodcock, George, ed., *Demanding the Impossible: A History of Anarchism*, PM Press. 2010. ISBN 1-60486-064-2

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

*
Kolonyalismo

Ang kolonyalismo ang tawag sa pagpapalitan ng produkto.

## Pinanbasaran

## Mga reperensya
* Cooper, Frederick: *Colonialism in Question: Theory, Knowledge, History* (2005)
* Getz, Trevor R. and Heather Streets-Salter, eds.: *Modern Imperialism and Colonialism: A Global Perspective* (2010)
* LeCour Grandmaison, Olivier: Coloniser, Exterminer - Sur la guerre et l'Etat colonial, Fayard, 2005, ISBN 2-213-62316-3
* Lindqvist, Sven: Exterminate All The Brutes, 1992, New Press; Reprint edition (June 1997), ISBN 978-1-56584-359-2
* Nuzzo, Luigi: ''Colonial Law'', European History Online, Mainz: Institute of European History, 2010, retrieved: December 17, 2012.
* Osterhammel, Jürgen: Colonialism: A Theoretical Overview, Princeton, NJ: M. Wiener, 1997.
* Petringa, Maria, *Brazza, A Life for Africa* (2006), ISBN 978-1-4259-1198-0.
* Stuchtey, Benedikt: ''Colonialism and Imperialism, 1450–1950'', European History Online, Mainz: Institute of European History, 2011, retrieved: July 13, 2011.
* Velychenko, Stephen: The Issue of Russian Colonialism in Ukrainian Thought.Dependency Identity and Development, AB IMPERIO 1 (2002) 323-66 http://abimperio.net/cgi-bin/aishow.pl?state=showa&idart=222&idlang=1&Code= .
* Wendt, Reinhard: ''European Overseas Rule '', European History Online, Mainz: Institute of European History, 2011, retrieved: June 13, 2012.

### Mga panguna nga pagkukuhaan
* Conrad, Joseph, *[[Heart of Darkness]]*, 1899
* Fanon, Frantz, *[[The Wretched of the Earth]]*, Preface by Jean-Paul Sartre. Translated by Constance Farrington. London: Penguin Book, 2001
* Kipling, Rudyard, *[[The White Man's Burden]]*, 1899
* Las Casas, Bartolomé de, *[[A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies]]* (1542, published in 1552).

## Mga sumpay ha gawas
*
Komunismo

An **Komunismo** amo an socioekonomika nga istruktura ngan idelohiya politikal nga nagduduso hin pagtukod hin egalitaryan, waray klase, waray estado nga sosyudad base han komun nga pagtag-iya ngan pagkapot para ha ngatanan an mga pamaagi han produksyon ngan mga kagamitan.

## Mga reperensya
**Mga pabaro**

**Bibliograpiya**

**Dugang nga barasahon**
* Adami, Stefano. "Communism", in Encyclopedia of Italian Literary Studies, ed. Gaetana Marrone – P. Puppa, Routledge, New York, London, 2006
* Beer, Max. *The General History of Socialism and Social Struggles Volumes 1 & 2*. New York, Russel and Russel, Inc. 1957
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* Daniels, Robert Vincent. *A Documentary History of Communism and the World: From Revolution to Collapse*. University Press of New England, 1994. ISBN 978-0-87451-678-4.
* Dirlik, Arif. *Origins of Chinese Communism*. Oxford University Press, 1989. ISBN 978-0-19-505454-5
* Forman, James D. *Communism From Marx's Manifesto To 20th century Reality*. New York, Watts. 1972. ISBN 978-0-531-02571-0
* Furet, Francois and Deborah Kan (translator). *The Passing of An Illusion: The Idea of Communism In the Twentieth Century*. University of Chicago Press, 2000. ISBN 978-0-226-27341-9
* Marx, Karl and Friedrich Engels. *[[The Communist Manifesto|Communist Manifesto]]*. (Mass Market Paperback – REPRINT), Signet Classics, 1998. ISBN 978-0-451-52710-3
* Pons, Silvio and Robert Service. *A Dictionary of 20th century Communism*. 2010.
* Zinoviev, Alexandre. *The Reality of Communism* (1980), Publisher Schocken, 1984.

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

* Marxists.org (Marxists Internet Archive) An archive of over 53,000 documents from 592 authors in 45 languages, mostly Marxist works
* Libcom.org Extensive library of almost 20,000 articles, books, pamphlets and journals on libertarian communism
* 
* 
*The Radical Pamphlet Collection at the Library of Congress contains materials on the topic of communism.
Dinastiya Qing

An **Dinastiya Qing** (Tsino: 清朝; pinyin: Qīng cháo) amo an dinastiya han mga mangulo han Manchuria, Tsina, Mongolya, Taiwan, Tibet ngan Uyguru tikang ha 1644 AD ngadto ha 1912 AD. An dinastiya gintukod han mga Manchu nga an usa nga ngaran amo an Dinastiya Manchu.

## Pinanbasaran

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## Mga sumpay ha gawas

* Section on the Ming and Qing dynasties of "China's Population: Readings and Maps." Retrieved on 10 Nobyembre 2008.
Demokrasya

Christel Jo Llamanzares An **demokrasya** usa nga porma pangobyernohan kun diin an mga molopyo nagamit hin gahum pinaagi hin pagbotos. Ha direkta nga demokrasya, an mga molupyo ha kabug-osan an naporma hin lawas nga namum

Mysha Vernish it pagbutos nira hin tagsa-isyu. Ha representatibo nga demokrasya liwat, an mga molupyo in nagpipili hin representante tikang ha ira mismo. Ini nga mga representate nagkikirigta ngan naporma hin lawas nga namumuno, pananglitan sugad hin usa nga lehislatura. Ha sakob hin liberal nga demokrasya, an mga gahom han mayorya, an nagpapaduso ha sakob han harigi han usa nga representatibo nga demokrasya, pero an batakan-balaod an naghahatag hin katubtuban ha mayorya ngan nagpapanalipod han minorya, sugad hin paghatag ha ngatanan hin pipira nga indibiduwal nga katungod, sugad han pagigin libyano makayakan, ngan pagigin libyano magkatitirok.

## Pinanbasaran
Diktadoryá

An **diktadoryá** amo an usa ka porma awtokratiko han gobyerno kun diin an gobyerno pinamumunuan han usa ka tawo, an diktador, nga waray pamana han puwesto.

## Pinanbasaran

## Padugang nga barasahon
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Globalisasyon

An **Globalisasyon** amo an pamaagi kun diin an katawhan han kalibutan gintatampo pakadto ha usa ka sosyodad ngan magbuhat hin durungan palibot han kalibutan. Nalibot ini nga konsepto ha ekonomiya, pannegosyohan, teknolohiya, politika, ngan kultura. nga mahusay hi bingka

## Pinanbasaran

## Padugang nga barasahon

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* Carpenter, John. "Puritan Missions as Globalization," *[[Fides et Historia]]*. 31:2, 1999 pp.&nbsp;103–123.
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* Jones, Andrew (2010) *Globalization. Key Thinkers.* Cambridge: Polity Press, John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0745643221
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* Panitch, Leo and Sam Gindin (2012). *The Making of Global Capitalism: the Political Economy of American Empire*. London: Verso. ISBN 978-1-84467-742-9
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* Sparks, C. (2007). Globalization, development and the mass media. Los Angeles: SAGE.

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

* Comprehensive discussion of the term at the Site Global Transformations 
* Globalization Website (Emory University) Links, Debates, Glossary etc. 
* BBC News Special Report – "Globalisation"
* 
* "Resilience, Panarchy, and World-Systems Analysis", from the *[[Ecology and Society]]* Journal
* "Globalization" ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' Analysis of the idea and its history.
* Mapping Globalization, Princeton University
* OECD Globalization statistics
* "Globalization" , from *[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]]*
* YaleGlobal Online 
* Global 3000 Globalization Program by Deutsche Welle-TV
* List of Global Development Indexes and Rankings 
* Explained With Maps - The Globalization of Food (Documentary Video)
Pamunuan

An **gobyerno**, **punuan** o **kagamhanan** in natudlok ha mga magbaralaod, mga magdudumara, ngan mga magtutuhay ha administratibo nga burokrasya nga nakapot han estado ha usa ka takna, ngan ha sistema han punuan kun diin hira ginorganisa.  An punuan in nahimo nga pamaagi kun diin an polisiya han estado in ginpapadig-on, lakip liwat an mga mekanismo para han paghimo hin polisiya han estado.

An pulong nga **gobyerno** in nakuha tikang ha Linatin nga pan-unod *gubernare*, nga may-ada kasirigngon nga "pamuno" o "pagdumara".

An mga estado in ginseserbi han purupadayon ngan sunodsunod nga dirudilain nga mga punuan.  Tagsa nasunod nga punuan in ginbubug-osan hin usa ka lawas hin mga indibiduwal nga nakapot han paghimo hin desisyon politikal.  An ira mga katungdanan, amo an pagpadig-on hin mga balaod, paghimo hin bag-o nga balaod, ngan pagtuhay han diri-pagkakauroyon.  Ha mga sosyudad, ini nga grupo in agsob lugaring-nga-nagpapadayon o klase hereditarya.  Ha iba nga sosyudad, sugad han mga demokrasya, an papel han politika in nagpapadayon, pero may-ada  damo nga nagsurusalyo o pirmaninti nga mga tawo nga nakapot ha posisyon.

An ibba nga bahin hin *Gobyerno* an mga tawo nagkakatitiruk ha usa nga lugar para mag-uru-istorya pina-agi hin magkadurudilain nga idiya. Kun annu an damu an natangdu ansiya an disisyun han ngatanan labi na kun para ha konstitusyun han nasyun. An ira munisipyu ansya in boluntaryu burubalyu la an mga mulupyu. Kun may-ada ipapadara ngadtu ha ibba nga lugar ini in surusalyu liwat ha sulud han ihap han mga mulupyu. 

## Pinanbasaran

## Bibliograpiya
* *American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language* (4th ed.). 222 Berkeley Street, Boston, MA 02116: Houghton Mifflin Company. ISBN 0-395-82517-2

## Padugang nga barasahon
* Krader, Lawrence (1968). *Formation of the State*, in *Foundations of Modern Anthropology Series*. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. x, 118 p.

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

* The Phrontistery Word List: Types of Government and Leadership
* What Are the Different Types of Governments? 
* Types of Governments from Historical Atlas of the 20th Century
* Other classifications examples from Historical Atlas of the 20th Century
* World Affairs: Types of Government
* Regime Types 
* CBBC Newsround: types of government
* Bill Moyers: Plutocracy Rising
* Phobiocracy by Chris Claypoole 
* Forms of Government
Marxismo

An **Marxismo** usa nga pilosopiya politikal ngan kiwa nga ginkuha tikang ha mga buhat ni Karl Marx ngan Friedrich Engels. Ugaring la an ngaran nga "marxismo" gingagamit han mga tawo nga natipa hini nga ideya.

## Pinanbasaran

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

## Panuratan
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* Jon Elster, *An Introduction to Karl Marx*. Cambridge, England, 1986.
* Michael Evans, *Karl Marx*. London, 1975.
* Stefan Gandler, ''Critical Marxism in Mexico: Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez and Bolívar Echeverría'', Leiden/Boston, Brill Academic Press, 2015. 467 pages. ISBN 978-90-04-22428-5.
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* 
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* Robinson, Cedric J.: *Black Marxism: The Making of the Black Radical Tradition*, 1983, Reissue: Univ North Carolina Press, 2000
* Rummel, R.J. (1977) *[http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/NOTE12.HTM Conflict In Perspective]* Chap. 5 *[http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/CIP.CHAP5.HTM Marxism, Class Conflict, and the Conflict Helix]*
* 
* Shenfield, S.D. *[[:es:Vladislav Evgenievich Buguera|Vladislav Bugera]]: [https://web.archive.org/web/20081112101246/http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/2008-204.cfm Portrait of a Post-Marxist Thinker*]
* 

### Mga kasahiran nga pagkukuhaan
* Marxists Internet Archive (MIA)
* Marxmail.org 
* Marx Myths & Legends 
* Marxism Page
* London Philosophy Study Guide on Marxism  (offers many suggestions on what to read, depending on the student's familiarity with the subject)

### Mga panikang nga artikulo
* History of Economic Thought: Marxian School 
* History of Economic Thought: Neo Marxian
Monarkyá

An **monarkyá** amo an usa ka klase nga gobyerno kun diin an monarka, usa ka namamanahan nga namumuno, amo an mangulo han estado. An mga monarka agsob namumuno kutob ha ira kamatayan o abdikasyon.

## Pinanbasaran

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

* The Constitutional Monarchy Association
Nasyonalismó

An **nasyonalismó** amo an usa ka ideyolohiya o kiwa politikal nga nauuyon nga an nasod nga gintukod ha paniniguro maglugaring amo la it lehitimo nga pamaagi ngan nakabase ha usa nga magkapareha nga kaagi o durungan nga kakadtoan.

## Pinanbasaran

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Nazismo

An **Nazismo** amo an usa ka klase nga pasismo nga natudloka han ideyolohiya nga mga buhat han Partido Nasodnon Socialista han mga Trabahador han Aleman ni Adolf Hitler ngan mga polisiya nga ginpapasunod han gobyerno diktatoryal han Alemanya Nazi tikang 1933 ngadto ha 1945.
Republika

An **republiká** o **repúblika** amo an usa ka porma pangobyernohan kun diin an mangulo han estado diri usa ka monarka, ngan an mga tawo mayda puder ha gobyerno. An katawhan mayda katungod mamili hin mga lider nga mga tighimo hin balaod.

## Pinanbasaran

## Padugang nga barasahon

* Martin van Gelderen & Quentin Skinner, eds., *Republicanism: A Shared European Heritage*, v1, *Republicanism and Constitutionalism in Early Modern Europe*, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press., 2002
* Martin van Gelderen & Quentin Skinner, eds., *Republicanism: A Shared European Heritage*, v2, *The Values of Republicanism in Early Modern Europe*, Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 2002
* Willi Paul Adams, “Republicanism in Political Rhetoric before 1776,” *Political Science Quarterly* 85(1970), p397-421.
* Joyce Appleby, “Republicanism in Old and New Contexts,” in *William & Mary Quarterly*, 3rd series, 43(January, 1986), p3-34.
* Joyce Appleby, ed., “Republicanism” issue of *American Quarterly* 37(Fall, 1985).
* Sarah Barber, *Regicide and Republicanism: Politics and Ethics in the English Republic, 1646-1649*, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1998. 
* Gisela Bock, Quentin Skinner & Maurizio Viroli, eds., *Machiavelli and Republicanism*, Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 1990.
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* Eric Gojosso, *Le concept de république en France (XVIe -XVIIIe siècle)*, Aix/Marseille, 1998, pp205–245.
* James Hankins, "Exclusivist Republicanism and the Non-Monarchical Republic," *Political Theory* 38.4 (August 2010), 452-482.
* Frédéric Monera, *L'idée de République et la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel* — Paris: L.G.D.J., 2004 Fnac, LGDJ.fr 
* Philip Pettit, *Republicanism: A Theory of Freedom and Government*, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997, pp. x and 304.
* J. G. A. Pocock, *The Machiavellian Moment: Florentine Political Thought and the Atlantic Republican Tradition*, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1975 
* J. G. A. Pocock, “Between Gog and Magog: The Republican Thesis and the Ideologia Americana,” *Journal of the History of Ideas* 48(1987), p
* J. G. A. Pocock, "*The Machiavellian Moment* Revisited: A Study in History and Ideology” *Journal of Modern History* 53(1981) 
* Paul A. Rahe, *Republics Ancient and Modern: Classical Republicanism and the American Revolution*, 3v., Chapel Hill: U. of North Carolina Press 1992, 1994.
* Jagdish P. Sharma, *Republics in ancient India, c. 1500 B.C.-500 B.C.*, 1968
* David Wootton, ed., *Republicanism, Liberty, and Commercial Society, 1649-1776* (The Making of Modern Freedom series), Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 1994.

## Mga sumpay ha gawas
Estado

An **estado** usa nga katig-uban politikal nga mayda naandar nga sulod ngan gawas nga soberenya ha usa ka lugar ngan popyulasyon nga diri nasandig o nadependar o naiilarom ha kagamhan han iba nga estado.

## Pinanbasaran
Partido politikal

An **partido** o **partido politikal** amo an usa nga katig-uban politikal kun diin nagbibiling ini o ginpapadayon an gahom politkal ha sulod han gobyerno nga agsob pagbulig han piniliay.

## Pinanbasaran

## Bibliograpiya
* Abizadeh, Arash, 2005. MCgill.ca, "Democratic Elections without Campaigns? Normative Foundations of National Baha'i Elections." *World Order* Vol. 37, No. 1, pp.&nbsp;7–49.
* Aldrich, John. 1995. *Why Parties? The Origin and Transformation of Political Parties in America*. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
* Brettschneider, Jörg, Nutzen der ökonomischen Theorie der Politik für eine Konkretisierung des Gebotes innerparteilicher Demokratie, Beschreibung innerparteiliche Entscheidungsprozesse als Wettbewerb eigennütziger Akteure und daraus folgende Regulierungsanforderungen, Berlin 2014.
* Duverger, Maurice. 1954. *Political Parties*. London: Methuen.
* Gunther, Richard and Larry Diamond. 2003. "Species of Political Parties: A New Typology," *Party Politics*, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp.&nbsp;167–99.
* McDonnell, Duncan and James Newell. 2011. 'Outsider Parties', Special edition of *Party Politics*, Vol. 17, No. 4.
* Neumann, Sigmund (ed.). 1956. *Modern Political Parties*. IL: University of Chicago Press.
* Redding, Robert. 2004. *Hired Hatred*. RCI.
* Smith, Steven S.  2007. *Party Influence in Congress.*  Cambridge University Press.
* Sutherland, Keith. 2004. *The Party's Over*. Imprint Academic. ISBN 0-907845-51-7
* Triepel, Heinrich, Die Staatsverfassung und die politischen Parteien, Berlin 1928.
* Ware, Alan. 1987. *Citizens, Parties and the State: A Reappraisal.* Princeton University Press.
* Ware, Alan. *Political Parties and Party Systems*. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. ISBN 0-19-878076-1

## Mga sumpay ha gawas
* U.S. Party Platforms from 1840 to 2004 at The American Presidency Project: UC Santa Barbara
* Political resources on the net
Terorismo

An **terorismo** usa nga maupay nga paggamit han panhadlok labi na han pamaagi han pagpirit. Ini may panuyuan nga gumamit hin panhadlok, para makaduso han panuyuan ideyolohikal ngan tinuyo nga pagatake biskan diri naghunahuna ha seguridad han mga diri nakikipag-away.

## Pinanbasaran

## Padugang nga barasahon

* Edwin Bakker, ''Forecasting the Unpredictable: A Review of Forecasts on Terrorism 2000 – 2012'' (International Centre for Counter-Terrorism - The Hague, 2014) 
* Burleigh, Michael. *Blood and rage : a cultural history of terrorism*. Harper, 2009.
* Chaliand, Gérard and Arnaud Blin, eds. *The history of terrorism : from antiquity to al Qaeda*. University of California Press, 2007.
* Crenshaw, Martha, ed. *Terrorism in context*. Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995.
* Land, Isaac, ed., *Enemies of humanity : the nineteenth-century war on terrorism*. Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.
* Lutz, James and Brenda Lutz. Terrorism : origins and evolution. Palgrave Macmillan, 2005
* Miller, Martin A. *The foundations of modern terrorism : state, society and the dynamics of political violence*. Cambridge University Press, 2013.
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* Stern, Jessica. *The Ultimate Terrorists*. First Harvard University Press Pbk. ed. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2000, cop. 1995. 214 p. ISBN 0-674-00394-2
**[http://www.ciaj-icaj.ca/images/stories/Publications/books/2011-Publicity.eng.pdf Terrorism, Law & Democracy: 10 years after 9/11] *, Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. ISBN 978-2-9809728-7-4.

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

* United Nations:Conventions on Terrorism
* United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime: 
* UNODC – United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime – Terrorism Prevention
* Terrorism and international humanitarian law , International Committee of the Red Cross
Feminismo

An **peminismo** amo an usa ka guis politikal nga may panuyuan ha paghatag hin patas nga mga katungod ngan balaodnon nga proteksyon para ha kababayen-an. Upod ini han durudilain nga pagkiwa, teyorya, ngan mga pilosopiya, ngatanan may kalabotan han mga isyu han pagkakaiba han kalalakin-an ha kababayen-an; ngan pagduso han pagkapatas han kababayen-an; ngan pagkampanya para ha katungod ngan interes han kababayenhan.

## Pinanbasaran

## Padugang nga barasahon
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* Hewlett, Sylvia Ann (1986). *A Lesser Life: the Myth of Women's Liberation in America*. First ed. New York: W. Morrow and Co. ISBN 0-688-04855-2
* Lyndon, Neil (1992). *No More Sex Wars: the Failures of Feminism*. London: Mandarin, 1993, cop. 1992. ISBN 0-7493-1565-2
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* Richard, Janet Radcliffe (1980). *The Sceptical Feminist: a Philosophical Enquiry*, in series, *Pelican Books*. Harmondsworth, Eng.: Penguin Books, 1982, cop. 1980. Without ISBN
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* Mitchell, Brian (1998). *Women in the Military: Flirting with Disaster*. Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing. xvii, 390 p.&nbsp;0-89526-376-9
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* Steichen, Donna (1991). *Ungodly Rage: the Hidden Face of Catholic Feminism*. San Francisco, Calif.: Ignatius Press. ISBN 0-89870-348-4
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## Mga sumpay ha gawas

### Mga artikulo
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### Mga listahan
* Feminist.com directory
* Psychology's Feminist Voices
* ''Topics in Feminism'', at the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

### Tools
* Feminist Perspectives Scale  from Henley, Meng, O'Brien, McCarthy, and Sockloskie (1998).

### Multimedia ngan mga dokumento
* 
* ''Early Video on the Emancipation of Women'' , documentary filmed ca. 1930, which includes footage from the 1890s
* Documents from the Women's Liberation Movement , Special Collections Library, Duke University
Ateismo

An **Ateismo** amo in diri pagkarawat han teismo, o an pandidig-on nga an mga diyos diri ungod. Ha gihahaluagi nga panhunahuna, amo ini an kawarayan hin pagtoo ha pagkakamayada hin mga diyos.

Nagtikang an pulong nga ateismo ha Griniyego nga  (*atheos*), kasirigngon "waray mga diyos", nga amo an sunlog ha hin-o man nga mga gindududahan nga diri nakarawat hin mga diyos nga ginaampo han kadam-an.

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* Howson, Colin (2011). *Objecting to God.* Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-18665-0
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* Rosenberg, Alex (2011). *The Atheist's Guide to Reality: Enjoying Life Without Illusions.* New York: W. W. Norton & Co. ISBN 978-0-393-08023-0
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* Walters, Kerry (2010). *Atheism: A Guide for the Perplexed.* New York: Continuum. ISBN 978-0-8264-2493-8
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## Mga sumpay ha gawas

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*The New Atheists in ''The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy''
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*Positive atheism: Great Historical Writings  Historical writing sorted by authors.
*Religion & Ethics—Atheism at bbc.co.uk.
*Secular Web library – Library of both historical and modern writings, a comprehensive online resource for freely available material on atheism.
*The Demand for Religion – A study on the demographics of Atheism by Wolfgang Jagodzinski (University of Cologne) and Andrew Greeley (University of Chicago and University of Arizona).
Monoteismo

An **monoteismo** (tikang ha griniyego nga μόνος, monos, "usa", ngan θεός, theos, "diyos") amo an pagtoo nga mayda uusa la ngan amo la an diyos.  A monoteismo in kinaiya han panuo Baha'i, Kristiyanismo, Druzismo, Hinduismo, Islam, Judaismo, Samaritanismo, Sikhismo ngan Zoroastrianismo.

Bisan naangkon hin uusa la nga diyos, an mga relihiyon monoteismo in poyde maglakip hin damo nga konsepto hin mga divino.  Uska pananglitan, an Trinidad Kristiyanismo, kun diin an espirito han ginoo in aada ha tulo nga kanunay nga personaldad, An Diyos Amay, An Diyos Anak ngan An Diyos Espiritu Santo - nga nahig-usa ha uusa nga sustansya.  

## Pinanbasaran

## Padugang nga barasahon
*Dever, William G.; (2003). *Who Were the Early Israelites?*, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., Grand Rapids, MI.
*Köchler, Hans. *The Concept of Monotheism in Islam and Christianity*. Vienna: Braumüller, 1982. ISBN 3-7003-0339-4 (Google Print)
*Kirsch, Jonathan. *God Against The Gods: The History of the War Between Monotheism and Polytheism.* Penguin Books. 2005.
*Leibowitz, Ilya. Monotheism in Judaism as a Harbinger of Science , Eretz Acheret  Magazine
*Silberman, Neil A.; and colleagues, Simon and Schuster; (2001) *The Bible Unearthed* New York.
*Whitelam, Keith; (1997). *The Invention of Ancient Israel*, Routledge, New York.

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

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* About.com "What is Monolatry?"  (Contains useful comparisons with henoteism etc.)
* Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
* Christian Monotheism (biblical unitarians)
* Deism