Immanuel Kant

Hi **Immanuel Kant** 22 Abril 1724 – 12 Pebrero 1804) usa nga mil otsokintos ka tuig nga Aleman nga pilosopo nga tikang ha syudad han Prusyan nga Königsberg (yana Kaliningrad, Rusya). Usa hiya nga impluwensyal nga maghurunahuna han kabag-ohan nga Europa ngan han urhi nga Panahon han Nalamragan.

## Mga reperensya ngan mga dugang nga barasahon
### Kasahiran nga pagpakilala han iya mga ginhuhunahuna
* Broad, C. D. *Kant: an Introduction*. Cambridge University Press, 1978. ISBN 0-521-21755-5, ISBN 0-521-29265-4
* Gardner, Sebastian. *Kant and the Critique of Pure Reason*. Routledge, 1999. ISBN 0-415-11909-X
* Martin, Gottfried. *Kant's Metaphysics and Theory of Science*. Greenwood Press, 1955 ISBN 978-0-8371-7154-8 (elucidates Kant's most fundamental concepts in their historical context)
* Perez, Daniel Omar. *Kant e o problema da significação*. Curitiba: Editora Champagnat, 2008. ISBN 978-85-7292-187-9 (Portuguese)
* Palmquist, Stephen. ''Kant's System of Perspectives''*: an architectonic interpretation of the Critical philosophy*. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1993. ISBN 0-8191-8927-8 (for availability see link)
* Seung, T. K. 2007. *Kant: a Guide for the Perplexed*. London: Continuum. ISBN 0-8264-8580-4
* Satyananda Giri. *Kant*.  Durham, CT: Strategic Publishing Group, 2010. ISBN 978-1-60911-686-6
* Scruton, Roger. *Kant: a Very Short Introduction*. Oxford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-19-280199-6 (provides a brief account of his life, and a lucid introduction to the three major critiques)
* Uleman, Jennifer. *An Introduction to Kant's Moral Philosophy*. Cambridge University Press, 2010. ISBN 978-0-521-13644-0

### Biograpiya ngan historikal nga konteksto
* Beck, Lewis White. *Early German Philosophy: Kant and his Predecessors.* Harvard University Press, 1969. (a survey of Kant's intellectual background)
* Beiser, Frederick C. *The Fate of Reason: German Philosophy from Kant to Fichte.* Harvard University Press, 1987.
* Beiser, Frederick C. *German Idealism: the Struggle against Subjectivism, 1781-1801.* Harvard University Press, 2002
* Cassirer, Ernst. *Kant's Life and Thought.* Translation of *Kants Leben und Lehre*. Trans., Jame S. Haden, intr. Stephan Körner. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1981.
* Chamberlain, Houston Stewart. *Immanuel Kanta study and a comparison with [[Goethe]], [[Leonardo da Vinci]], Bruno, [[Plato]] and [[Descartes]]*, the authorised translation from the German by Lord Redesdale, with his 'Introduction', The Bodley Head, London, 1914, (2 volumes).
* Gulyga, Arsenij. *Immanuel Kant: His Life and Thought*. Trans., Marijan Despaltović. Boston: Birkhäuser, 1987.
* Johnson, G.R. (ed.). *Kant on Swedenborg. Dreams of a Spirit-Seer and Other Writings*. Swedenborg Foundation, 2002. (new translation and analysis, many supplementary texts)
* Kuehn, Manfred. *Kant: a Biography.* Cambridge University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-521-49704-3. (now the standard biography of Kant in English)
* Lehner, Ulrich L., Kants Vorsehungskonzept auf dem Hintergrund der deutschen Schulphilosophie und -theologie (Leiden: 2007) (Kant's concept of Providence and its background in German school philosophy and theology)
* Pinkard, Terry. *German Philosophy, 1760-1860: the Legacy of Idealism.* Cambridge, 2002.
* Sassen, Brigitte (ed.). *Kant's Early Critics: the Empiricist Critique of the Theoretical Philosophy*, Cambridge, 2000.

### Mga tinirok han sinurat
* Guyer, Paul. ed. *The Cambridge Companion to Kant.* Cambridge University Press, 1992. ISBN 0-521-36587-2, ISBN 0-521-36768-9. *Excellent collection of papers that covers most areas of Kant's thought*
* Förster, Eckart ed. "Kant's Transcendental Deductions: The Three 'Critiques' and the 'Opus Postumum.'" Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1989. *Includes an important essay by Dieter Henrich'
* Cohen, Ted and Paul Guyer eds. *Essays in Kant's Aesthetics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982. *Essays on Kant's Critique of Judgment*
* Firestone, Chris L. and Stephen Palmquist (eds.). *Kant and the New Philosophy of Religion*. Indiana University Press, 2006. ISBN 0-253-21800-4
* Mohanty, J.N. and Robert W. Shahan. eds. *Essays on Kant's Critique of Pure Reason.* Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1982. ISBN 0-8061-1782-6
* Phillips, Dewi et al. *Kant and Kierkegaard on Religion.* Palgrave Macmillian, 2000, ISBN 0-312-23234-9 *Collection of essays about Kantian religion and its influence on Kierkegaardian and contemporary philosophy of religion.*
* *Proceedings of the International Kant Congresses.* Several Congresses (numbered) edited by various publishers.

### Teyoritikal nga pilosopiya
* Allison, Henry. *Kant's Transcendental Idealism.* New Haven: Yale University Press, 1983, 2004. ISBN 0-300-03629-9, ISBN 0-300-03002-9. (a very influential defense of Kant's idealism, recently revised)
* Ameriks, Karl. *Kant's Theory of Mind: An Analysis of the Paralogisms of Pure Reason.* Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982. (one of the first detailed studies of the Dialectic in English)
* Banham, Gary. *Kant's Transcendental Imagination* London and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
* Deleuze, Gilles. *Kant's Critical Philosophy*. Trans., Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam. University of Minnesota Press, 1984. ISBN 0-8166-1341-9, ISBN 0-8166-1436-9
* Dottarelli, Luciano. *Kant e la metafisica come scienza*, Roma: Erre Emme, 1995. ISBN 88-85378-75-7 (Italian)
* Farias, Vanderlei de Oliveira. *Kants Realismus und der Aussenweltskeptizismus*. OLMS. Hildesheim, Zürich, New York. 2006. (German)
* Gram, Moltke S. *The Transcendental Turn: The Foundation of Kant's Idealism.* Gainesville: University Presses of Florida, 1984. ISBN 0-8130-0787-9
* Greenberg, Robert. *Kant's Theory of A Priori Knowledge*. Penn State Press, 2001 ISBN 0-271-02083-0
* Guyer, Paul. *Kant and the Claims of Knowledge*. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987. (modern defense of the view that Kant's theoretical philosophy is a "patchwork" of ill-fitting arguments)
* Guyer, Paul. *Knowledge, Reason, and Taste: Kant's Response to Hume*. Princeton University Press, 2008.
* Heidegger, Martin. *Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics*. Trans., Richard Taft. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997. ISBN 0-253-21067-4
* Henrich, Dieter. *The Unity of Reason: Essays on Kant's Philosophy.* Ed. with introduction by Richard L. Velkley; trans. Jeffrey Edwards *et al*. Harvard University Press, 1994. ISBN 0-674-92905-5
* Kemp Smith, Norman. *A Commentary to Kant's 'Critique of Pure Reason*. London: Macmillan, 1930. (somewhat dated, but influential commentary on the first Critique, recently reprinted)
* Kitcher, Patricia. *Kant's Transcendental Psychology.* New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
* Longuenesse, Béatrice. *Kant and the Capacity to Judge.* Princeton University Press, 1998. ISBN 0-691-04348-5. (argues that the notion of judgment provides the key to understanding the overall argument of the first Critique)
* Melnick, Arthur. *Kant's Analogies of Experience.* Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973. (important study of Kant's Analogies, including his defense of the principle of causality)
* Paton, H. J. *Kant's Metaphysic of Experience: a Commentary on the First Half of the Kritik der reinen Vernunft*. Two volumes. London: Macmillan, 1936. (extensive study of Kant's theoretical philosophy)
* Pippin, Robert B.. *Kant's Theory of Form: an Essay on the Critique of Pure Reason.* New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982. (influential examination of the formal character of Kant's work)
* Sala, Giovanni. Kant, Lonergan und der christliche Glaube  (Nordhausen: Bautz, 2005), ed. by Ulrich L. Lehner and Ronald K. Tacelli
* Schopenhauer, Arthur. *Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung. Erster Band. Anhang. Kritik der Kantischen Philosophie*. F. A. Brockhaus, Leipzig 1859 (In English: Arthur Schopenhauer, New York: Dover Press, Volume I, Appendix, "Criticism of the Kantian Philosophy", ISBN 0-486-21761-2)
* Seung, T. K. *Kant's Transcendental Logic*. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969.
* Sgarbi, Marco. La Kritik der reinen Vernunft nel contesto della tradizione logica aristotelica, Hildesheim, Olms 2010
* Strawson, P.F. *The Bounds of Sense: an essay on Kant's Critique of Pure Reason.* Routledge, 1989. (work that revitalized the interest of contemporary analytic philosophers in Kant)
*Werkmeister, W.H., *Kant: The Architectonic and Development of His Philosophy*,  Open Court Publishing Co., La Salle, Ill.; 1980 ISBN 0-87548-354-3 (Treats, as a whole, the architectonic and development of Kant's Philosophy from 1755 through the Opus postumum.)
* Wolff, Robert Paul. *Kant's Theory of Mental Activity: a Commentary on the Transcendental Analytic of the Critique of Pure Reason.* Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1963. (detailed and influential commentary on the first part of the Critique of Pure Reason)
* Yovel, Yirmiahu. *Kant and the Philosophy of History*. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980. ([review](http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0031-8108(198304)92%3A2%3C288%3AKATPOH%3E2.0.CO%3B2-9))

### Praktikal nga pilosopiya
* Allison, Henry, *Kant's theory of freedom* Cambridge University Press 1990.
* Banham, Gary. *Kant's Practical Philosophy: From Critique to Doctrine* Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
* Koorsgaard, Christine M. *The Sources of Normativity* Cambridge University Press, 1996.
* Michalson, Gordon E. *Fallen Freedom: Kant on Radical Evil and Moral Regeneration.* Cambridge University Press, 1990.
* Michalson, Gordon E. *Kant and the Problem of God.* Blackwell Publishers, 1999.
* Paton, H. J. *The Categorical Imperative; a study in Kant's moral philosophy* University of Pennsylvania Press 1971.
* Rawls, John. *Lectures on the History of Moral Philosophy. * Cambridge, 2000.
* Seung, T.K. *Kant's Platonic Revolution in Moral and Political Philosophy*. Johns Hopkins, 1994.
* Wolff, Robert Paul. *The Autonomy of Reason: A Commentary on Kant's Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals.* New York: HarperCollins, 1974. ISBN 0-06-131792-6.
* Wood, Allen. *Kant's Ethical Thought* New York: Cambridge University Press: 1999.

### Estetika
* Allison, Henry. *Kant's Theory of Taste: A Reading of the Critique of Aesthetic Judgment*. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
* Banham, Gary. *Kant and the Ends of Aesthetics*. London and New York: Macmillan Press, 2000.
* Clewis, Robert. *The Kantian Sublime and the Revelation of Freedom*. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
* Crawford, Donald. *Kant's Aesthetic Theory*. Wisconsin, 1974.
* Guyer, Paul. *Kant and the Claims of Taste*. Cambridge, MA and London, 1979.
* Hammermeister, Kai. *The German Aesthetic Tradition*. Cambridge University Press, 2002.
* *Immanuel Kant* entry in Kelly, Michael (Editor in Chief) (1998) *[[Encyclopedia of Aesthetics]]*. New York, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
* Makkreel, Rudolf, *Imagination and Interpretation in Kant*. Chicago, 1990.
* McCloskey, Mary. *Kant's Aesthetic*. SUNY, 1987.
* Schaper, Eva. *Studies in Kant's Aesthetics*. Edinburgh, 1979.
* Zammito, John H. *The Genesis of Kant's <u>Critique of Judgment</u>*. Chicago and London: Chicago University Press, 1992.
* Zupancic, Alenka. *Ethics of the Real: Kant and Lacan*. Verso, 2000.

### Pilosopiya han relihiyon
* Palmquist, Stephen. Kant's Critical Religion: Volume Two of *Kant's System of Perspectives*. Ashgate, 2000. ISBN 0-7546-1333-X
* Perez, Daniel Omar. "Religión, Política y Medicina en Kant: El Conflicto de las Proposiciones". Cinta de Moebio. *Revista de Epistemologia de Ciencias Sociales*, v. 28, p.&nbsp;91-103, 2007. Uchile.cl  (Spanish)

### Lain nga buhat
* White, Mark D. ''Kantian Ethics and Economics: Autonomy, Dignity, and Character''. Stanford University Press, 2011. ISBN 978-0-8047-6894-8. (Reviewed in The Montreal Review)
* Braver, Lee. *A Thing of This World: a History of Continental Anti-Realism*. Northwestern University Press: 2007. ISBN 978-0-8101-2380-9 (This study covers Kant and his contribution to the history of Continental Anti-Realism)
* Caygill, Howard. *A Kant Dictionary*. Oxford, UK; Cambridge, Mass., US: Blackwell Reference, 1995. ISBN 0-631-17534-2, ISBN 0-631-17535-0
* Derrida, Jacques. *Mochlos; or, The Conflict of the Faculties*. Columbia University, 1980.
* Mosser, Kurt. *Necessity and Possibility; The Logical Strategy of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason*. Catholic University of America Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-8132-1532-7
* Perez, D. O. . Os significados dos conceitos de hospitalidade em Kant e a problemática do estrangeiro. Revista Philosophica (Chile), v. 31, p.&nbsp;43-53, 2007. Também em Konvergencias, 2007, nro. 15. UCV.cl , Konvergencias.net 
* Perez, D. O. A loucura como questão semântica:uma interpretação kantiana. Trans/Form/Ação, São Paulo, 32(1): 95-117, 2009. Scielo.br

### Kontemporaryo nga pilosopiya nga may kan Kant impluwensya
* Guyer, Paul. *Kant and The Claims of Taste*. Harvard University Press, 1979. 2nd Edition, Cambridge University Press, 1997.
* Guyer, Paul. *Kant and The Claims of Knowledge*. Cambridge University Press, 1987.
* Guyer, Paul. *Knowledge, Reason, and Taste: Kant's Response to Hume*. Princeton University Press, 2008.
* Herman, Barbara. *The Practice of Moral Judgement*. Harvard University Press, 1993.
* Korsgaard, Christine. *Creating the Kingdom of Ends*. Cambridge; New York, NY, US: Cambridge University Press, 1996. ISBN 0-521-49644-6, ISBN 0-521-49962-3 (pbk.) (not a commentary, but a defense of a broadly Kantian approach to ethics)
* McDowell, John. *Mind and World.* Harvard University Press, 1994. ISBN 0-674-57609-8. (offers a Kantian solution to a dilemma in contemporary epistemology regarding the relation between mind and world)
* Parfit, Derek. *On What Matters* (2 vols). New York:  Oxford University Press, 2011. ISBN ISBN 978-0-19-926592-3
* Pinker, Steven. *[[The Stuff of Thought]]*. Viking Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-670-06327-7. (Chapter 4 "Cleaving the Air" discusses Kant's anticipation of modern cognitive science)
* Wood, Allen. *Kant's Ethical Thought*. Cambridge; New York, NY, US: Cambridge University Press, 1999. ISBN 0-521-64836-X. (comprehensive, in-depth study of Kant's ethics, with emphasis on formula of humanity as most accurate formulation of the categorical imperative)

## Mga sumpay ha gawas

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* (More German works at Wikisource)
* (More German works at Project Gutenberg)
* (More English works at The University of Adelaide Library )
* Digital edition of Kant's Collected Works, vols. 1-23  in German
* Works by Immanuel Kant in audio format from LibriVox
* Stephen Palmquist's Glossary of Kantian Terminology
* Kant's Categories as grammatical reifications 
* Kant's Ethical Theory  Kantian ethics explained, applied and evaluated
* Kant & Ethics  Extensive links and discussions from Lawrence Hinman at University of San Diego
* Notes on Deontology  A conveniently brief survey of Kant's deontology
* Kant on the Web on Stephen Palmquist's website
* Kant Links
* Kant Can: Allen Wood Clears A Path To Kants Complex Philosophies 
* Kant's Epistemology and Metaphysics according to the Friesian school
* German Idealist Foundations of Durkheim's Sociology and Teleology of Knowledge
* Several Kant's works in clickable pdf 
* Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy (14 sections on Kant)
* International Kant Interview - 2004 
* Readable versions of Prolegomena, Groundwork for the Metaphysic of Morals, Critique of Pure Reason, Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science, The Form and Principles of the Sensible and Intelligible World, and Perpetual Peace. (J. Bennett translations)
* Kant's moral philosophy and the question of pre-emptive war, Revue Sens Public 
* Kant in the Classroom  background information for Kant's lectures
* Works: text, concordances and frequency list
* Kant's Death Mask
* The *[[Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]* has several entries on Kant:
* Immanuel Kant
* Kant's Philosophical Development
* Kant's Critique of Metaphysics
* Kant's Theory of Judgment
* Kant's Philosophy of Science
* Kant's View of the Mind and Consciousness of Self
* Kant's Aesthetics and Teleology
* Kant's Philosophy of Religion
* Kant's Moral Philosophy
* Kant and Leibniz