William Ewart Gladstone

**William Ewart Gladstone** (; 29 tháng 12 năm 1809&nbsp;– 19 tháng 5 năm 1898), là một chính trị gia thuộc đảng Tự do người Anh. Trong sự nghiệp kéo dài hơn sáu mươi năm, ông làm Thủ tướng Anh 4 giai đoạn tách biệt nhau (1868–74, 1880–85,tháng 2 đến tháng 7 năm 1886 và 1892–94), nhiều hơn bất cứ ai, và nắm quyền Bộ trưởng Tài chính bốn lần. Gladstone cũng là Thủ tướng Anh lâu đời nhất; ông từ chức lần cuối cùng khi ông 84 tuổi.

## Tác phẩm
*William Ewart Gladstone, Baron Arthur Hamilton-Gordon Stanmore (1961).''Gladstone-Gordon correspondence, 1851–1896: selections from the private correspondence of a British Prime Minister and a colonial Governor, Volume 51''. American Philosophical Society. p.&nbsp;116.Retrieved 28 June 2010.&nbsp;(Volume 51, Issue 4 of new series, Transactions of the American Philosophical Society) (Original from the University of California)
* William Ewart Gladstone (1898).''On books and the housing of them''. M. F. Mansfield, NY.Retrieved 15 June 2012.&nbsp; A treatise on the storing of books and the design of bookshelves as employed in his personal library.
* William Ewart Gladstone (1838).*The State in its relations with the Church*.London: John Murray Albermarle Street and Hatchard and Son.&nbsp;
* William Ewart Gladstone (1903).*The impregnable rock of Holy Scripture (Revised Edition)*.London: Isbister and Company.&nbsp;
* William Ewart Gladstone (1858).*Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age (3 vols)*.The University Press.&nbsp;
* William Ewart Gladstone (1870).*Juventus Mundi&nbsp;– The gods and men of 'the heroic' age (2nd edition, revised)*.Macmillan and Co.&nbsp;

## Chú thích

## Sách tham khảo

* Michael Barker, *Gladstone and Radicalism. The Reconstruction of Liberal Policy in Britain. 1885–1894* (The Harvester Press, 1975).
* David Bebbington and Roger Swift (eds.), *Gladstone Centenary Essays* (Liverpool University Press, 2000).
* E. F. Biagini, *Liberty, Retrenchment and Reform. Popular Liberalism in the Age of Gladstone, 1860–1880* (Cambridge University Press, 1992).
* Eugenio Biagini and Alastair Reid (eds.), *Currents of Radicalism. Popular Radicalism, Organised Labour and Party Politics in Britain, 1850–1914* (Cambridge University Press, 1991).
* Sydney Buxton, *Finance and Politics. An Historical Study. 1783–1885. Volume I* (John Murray, 1888)
* F. W. Hirst, *Gladstone as Financier and Economist* (1931).
* F. W. Hirst, *In the Golden Days* (Frederick Muller, 1947).
* Philip Magnus, *Gladstone: A Biography* (1954).
* H. C. G. Matthew, *Gladstone. 1809–1874* (Oxford University Press, 1988); *Gladstone. 1875–1898* (Oxford University Press, 1995).
* John Morley, *The Life of William Ewart Gladstone* (Three volumes, 1903).
* Sir Wemyss Reid (ed.), *The Life of William Ewart Gladstone* (1899).
* Joseph A. Schumpeter, *History of Economic Analysis* (George Allen & Unwin Ltd, 1954).
* Richard Shannon, *Gladstone: Peel's Inheritor, 1809–1865* (1985), ISBN 0-8078-1591-8; *Gladstone: Heroic Minister, 1865–1898* (1999), ISBN 0-8078-2486-0.

### Nguồn chính
* W. E. Gladstone, *Midlothian Speeches. 1879* (Leicester University Press, 1971).
* Viscount Gladstone, *After Thirty Years* (1928).
* Lord Kilbracken, *Reminiscences of Lord Kilbracken* (Macmillan, 1931).
* Herbert Paul (ed.), *Letters of Lord Acton to Mary Gladstone* (George Allen, 1904).
* G. W. E. Russell, *One Look Back* (Wells Gardner, Darton and Co., 1911).
* Lionel A. Tollemache, *Talks with Mr. Gladstone* (London: Edward Arnold, 1898).

## Đọc thêm

### Biographies
* Bebbington, D. W. *William Ewart Gladstone* (1993).
* Biagini, Eugenio F. *Gladstone* (2000).
* Brand, Eric. *William Gladstone* (1986) ISBN 0-87754-528-6.
* Jagger, Peter J., ed. *Gladstone* (2007), 256pp.
* Jenkins, Roy. *Gladstone: A Biography* (2002) excerpt and text search.
* Magnus, Philip M. *Gladstone: A biography* (1954) excerpt and text search.
* Matthew, H. C. G. "Gladstone, William Ewart (1809–1898)", *Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,* (2004; online edition, May 2006.
* Matthew, H. C. G. *Gladstone, 1809–1874* (1988); *Gladstone, 1875–1898* (1995) excerpt & text search vol 1
* Morley, J. *The life of William Ewart Gladstone,* 3 vols. (1903) vol 2 online
* Partridge, M. *Gladstone* (2003) excerpt and text search.
* Russell, George W. E. *[https://archive.org/stream/righthonourablew00russuoft#page/n7/mode/2up The Right Honourable William Ewart Gladstone]* (1891).
* Russell, Michael. *Gladstone: A Bicentenary Portrait* (2009). ISBN 978-0-85955-317-9
* Shannon, Richard. *Gladstone* (2 vols, 1984–2000).
* 

### Special studies
* Aldous, Richard. *The Lion and the Unicorn: Gladstone vs Disraeli* (2007).
* Bebbington, D. W. *The Mind of Gladstone: Religion, Homer and Politics* (2004).
* Boyce, D. George and Alan O'Day, eds. *Gladstone and Ireland: Politics, Religion, and Nationality in the Victorian Age* (Palgrave Macmillan; 2011), 307 pages.
* Butler, P. *Gladstone, church, state, and Tractarianism: a study of his religious ideas and attitudes, 1809–1859* (1982).
* Derek Beales, *[http://www.risorgimento.it/rassegna/index.php?id=37675 Gladstone on the italian question. January 1860] * in *Rassegna Storica del Risorgimento*, a. XL&nbsp;– fasc. IV, pp.&nbsp;96–104, (1953).
* Guedalla, Philip. *Queen and Mr. Gladstone* (2 vols, 1933) online edition 
* Isba, Anne. *Gladstone and Women* (2006), London: Hambledon Continuum, ISBN 1-85285-471-5.
* Hammond, J. L. *Gladstone and the Irish nation* (1938) online edition .
* Jenkins, T. A. *Gladstone, whiggery and the liberal party, 1874–1886* (1988).
* Loughlin, J. *Gladstone, home rule and the Ulster question, 1882–1893* (1986).
* Parry, J. P. *Democracy and religion: Gladstone and the liberal party, 1867–1875* (1986).
* Schreuder, D. M. *Gladstone and Kruger: Liberal government and colonial 'home rule', 1880–85* (1969).
* Schreuder, D. M. *Gladstone and Italian unification, 1848–70: the making of a Liberal?*, *The English historical review*, vol. 85 (n. 336), pp.&nbsp;475–501 (July 1970).
* Seton-Watson, R. W. *Disraeli, Gladstone and the eastern question: a study in diplomacy and party politics* (1935).
* Shannon, Richard. *Gladstone: God and Politics* (2007).
* Vincent, J. *Gladstone and Ireland* (1978).
* Vincent, J. *The Formation of the Liberal Party, 1857–1868* (1966).

## Liên kết ngoài
* Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by William Gladstone 
* Mr. Gladstone (character sketch by W.T. Stead, in the *Review of Reviews*, 1892).
* William Ewart Gladstone Article at Encyclopædia Britannica
* William Ewart Gladstone Chronology World History Database. 
* [//www.gutenberg.org/author/Gladstone,+W.+E.+(William+Ewart) Works by William Ewart Gladstone] at Project Gutenberg
* Works by William Ewart Gladstone at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks) 
* More about William Ewart Gladstone  on the Downing Street website.
* William Ewart Gladstone 1809–98  biography from the Liberal Democrat History Group.
* BBC Radio&nbsp;– Programme Two contains a recording of Gladstone's voice.
* Archival material relating to William Ewart Gladstone listed at the UK National Archives
* Portraits of William Ewart Gladstone at the National Portrait Gallery, London