Turbo (Turbinidae)

***Turbo*** là một chi ốc biển lớn có mang và nắp, thuộc họ Turbinidae. Chúng cũng là chi điển hình của họ này.

## Mô tả
Vỏ của các loài trong chi này ít nhiều có hình xoắn ốc, dày, khoảng 20–200&nbsp;mm. Loài *Turbo* đầu tiên được tìm thấy ở thời kỳ trước kỷ Phấn trắng, khoảng 100 triệu năm trước.

## Phân loại
Theo Alf et al.  chi *Turbo* được chia thành 16 phân chi gần. Số loài còn sống được biết đến trong chi *Turbo* là 66, cộng với 5 phân loài.

## Các loài
Các loài trong chi này bao gồm

*  *[[Turbo acutangulus]]* Linnaeus, 1758 (taxon inquirendum)
* *[[Turbo albofasciatus]]* Bozzetti, 1994
* *[[Turbo angelvaldesi]]* Ortea & Espinosa, 1996
* *[[Turbo argyrostomus]]* Linnaeus, 1758 
* *[[Turbo artensis]]* Montrouzier, 1860
* *[[Turbo bozzettiana]]* Bozzetti, 2011
* *[[Turbo bruneus]]* (Röding, 1798) 
* *[[Turbo cailletii]]* P. Fischer & Bernardi, 1856 
* *[[Turbo canaliculatus]]* Hermann, 1781
* *[[Turbo castanea]]* Gmelin, 1791 
* † *[[Turbo chevalieri]]* Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971 
* *[[Turbo chrysostomus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *[[Turbo cidaris]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *[[Turbo cornutus]]* Lightfoot, 1786 
* *[[Turbo crassus]]* W. Wood, 1828
* *[[Turbo debesi]]* Kreipl & Alf, 2000
* † *[[Turbo embergeri]]* Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971 
* *[[Turbo euthymi]]* Jousseaume, 1881
* *[[Turbo excellens]]* G. W. Sowerby III, 1914
* *[[Turbo exquisitus]]* Angas, 1877 
* † *[[Turbo fakaauensis]]* Tröndlé & Letourneux, 2012 
* † *[[Turbo faurei]]* Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971 
* † *[[Turbo fittoni]]* Basterot, 1825 
* *[[Turbo fluctuosus]]* W. Wood, 1828 
* *[[Turbo funiculosus]]* Kiener, 1848
* *[[Turbo gemmatus]]* Reeve, 1848
* † *[[Turbo grangensis]]* Pritchard, 1909 
* † *[[Turbo granulosus]]* (Grateloup, 1827) 
* *[[Turbo gruneri]]* Philippi, 1846 
* *[[Turbo haraldi]]* Robertson, 1957
* *[[Turbo haynesi]]* (Preston, 1914)
* *[[Turbo heisei]]* Prado, 1999
* *[[Turbo heterocheilus]]* Pilsbry, 1888
* *[[Turbo histrio]]* Reeve, 1848
* † *[[Turbo histrioides]]* Kase, Tomida, Inoue & Kadota, 2020 
* *[[Turbo hosodai]]* Tomida & Kadota, 2014
* *[[Turbo imperialis]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *[[Turbo intercostalis]]* Menke, 1846
* † *[[Turbo ishidai]]* Tomida, Sano & Kase, 2021 
* † *[[Turbo izuensis]]* Kase, Tomida, Inoue & Kadota, 2020 
* *[[Turbo japonicus]]* Reeve, 1848
* *[[Turbo jonathani]]* Dekker, Moolenbeck & Dance, 1992
* *[[Turbo jourdani]]* Kiener, 1839
* *[[Turbo kenwilliamsi]]* Williams, 2008 
* *[[Turbo laetus]]* Philippi, 1849
* *[[Turbo lajonkairii]]* (Deshayes, 1839)
* *[[Turbo laminiferus]]* Reeve, 1848 
* † *[[Turbo lesperonensis]]* Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971 
* *[[Turbo lorenzi]]* Alf & Kreipl, 2015
* † *[[Turbo maderensis]]* Magne & Vergneau-Saubade, 1971 
* *[[Turbo magnificus]]* Jonas, 1844 
* *[[Turbo marisrubri]]* Kreipl & Alf, 2001
* *[[Turbo markusrufi]]* Kreipl & Alf, 2003
* *[[Turbo marmoratus]]* Linnaeus, 1758 
* † *[[Turbo matsuzakiensis]]* Tomida & Kadota, 2012 
* *[[Turbo mazatlanicus]]* Pilsbry & H. N. Lowe, 1932
* † *[[Turbo mekamiensis]]* Nishiwada, 1894 
* *[[Turbo militaris]]* Reeve, 1848 
* † *[[Turbo minoensis]]* Itoigawa, 1960 
* *[[Turbo moluccensis]]* Philippi, 1846
* *[[Turbo moolenbeeki]]* Dekkers & Dekker, 2016
* † *[[Turbo moorei]]* Hayward, 1981
* † *[[Turbo multicarinatus]]* Grateloup, 1832 
* † *[[Turbo neuvillei]]* Cossmann & Peyrot, 1917 
* † *[[Turbo oryctus]]* (Suter, 1917)
* † *[[Turbo ozawai]]* Otsuka, 1938 †
* †*[[Turbo parvuloides]]* Nomura, 1940
* *[[Turbo petholatus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *[[Turbo radiatus]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *[[Turbo reevii]]* Philippi, 1847
* *[[Turbo sandwicensis]]* (Pease, 1861) 
* † *[[Turbo sanoi]]* Tomida & Kadota, 2012 
* *[[Turbo sarmaticus]]* Linnaeus, 1758 
* *[[Turbo saxosus]]* W. Wood, 1828
* *[[Turbo sazae]]* Fukuda, 2017 
* *[[Turbo scitulus]]* (Dall, 1919) 
* *[[Turbo setosus]]* Gmelin, 1791 
* *[[Turbo smithi]]* G.B. Sowerby III, 1886 
* *[[Turbo sparverius]]* Gmelin, 1791 
* *[[Turbo squamiger]]* Reeve, 1843
* *[[Turbo stenogyrus]]* P. Fischer, 1873 
*  † *[[Turbo subsetosus]]* d'Orbigny, 1852 
*  † *[[Turbo tenisoni]]* Finlay, 1927
* *[[Turbo ticaonicus]]* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Turbo bruneus]]* (Röding, 1798)
* *[[Turbo tuberculosus]]* Quoy & Gaimard, 1834
* *[[Turbo tursicus]]* (Reeve, 1843)
* *[[Turbo walteri]]* Kreipl & Dekker, 2009
*  † *[[Turbo yoshiharuyabei]]* Tomida & Kadota, 2012

## Đồng nghĩa
Các loài sau đây được đưa vào danh pháp đồng nghĩa:

 
* *Turbo aculeatus* Allan, 1818: syn. *[[Epitonium muricatum]]* (Risso, 1826)
* *Turbo acutus* Donovan, 1804: syn. *[[Turbonilla acuta]]* (Donovan, 1804)
* *Turbo aegyptius* Gmelin, 1791: syn. Rubritrochus declivis (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
* *Turbo aereus* Adams J., 1797: syn. *[[Rissoa parva]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo aethiops* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Diloma aethiops]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo agonistes* Dall & Ochsner, 1928: syn. *[[Turbo scitulus]]* (Dall, 1919)
* *Turbo albidus* Kanmacher, 1798: syn. *[[Graphis albida]]* (Kanmacher, 1798)
* *Turbo albocinctus* Link, 1807: syn. *[[Littorina saxatilis]]* (Olivi, 1792)
* *Turbo albulus* Fabricius O., 1780: syn. *[[Menestho albula]]* (Fabricius, 1780)
* *Turbo albus* Adams J., 1797: syn. Rissoa parva (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo amabilis* Ozaki, 1954: syn. *[[Bolma guttata]]* (A. Adams, 1863)
* *Turbo amussitatus* Gould, 1861: syn. *[[Homalopoma amussitatum]]* (Gould, 1861)
* *Turbo anguis* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Lunella undulata]]* (Lightfoot, 1786)
* *Turbo angulatus* Eichwald, 1829: syn. *[[Gibbula adriatica]]* (Philippi, 1844)
* *Turbo anomala* Röding, 1798: syn. *[[Turbo cidaris cidaris]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo archimedis* Dillwyn, 1817: syn. *[[Turritella terebra]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo argentata* Röding, 1798: syn. *[[Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo argenteus* Anton, 1839: syn. *[[Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo armatus* Dillwyn, 1817: syn. *[[Bolma rugosa]]* (Linnaeus, 1767)
* *Turbo arsinoensis* Issel, 1869: syn. *[[Collonista arsinoensis]]* (Issel, 1869)
* *Turbo aruginosa* Röding, 1798: syn. *[[Turbo petholatus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo ascaris* Turton, 1819: syn. *[[Aclis ascaris]]* (Turton, 1819)
* *Turbo assimilis* Kiener, 1847: syn. *[[Turbo fluctuosus]]* W. Wood, 1828
* *Turbo asteriola* Dall, 1925: syn. *[[Bolma bartschi]]* Dall, 1913
* *Turbo aurantius* Kiener, 1847: syn. *[[Turbo smithi]]* G.B. Sowerby III, 1886
* *Turbo auriscalpium* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Rissoa auriscalpium]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo ayersi* Olsson, 1967: syn. *[[Turbo castanea]]* Gmelin, 1791 
* *Turbo bicarinatus* Woodward, 1833: syn. *[[Littorina littorea]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo bicarinatus* G. B. Sowerby I, 1825: syn. *[[Trichotropis bicarinata]]* (Sowerby I, 1825)
* *Turbo boswellae* Barnard, 1969: syn. *[[Cantrainea boswellae]]* (Barnard, 1969)
* *Turbo breviculus* Philippi, 1847: syn. *[[Littorina brevicula]]* (Philippi, 1844)
* *Turbo briareus* Dall, 1881: syn. *[[Arene briareus]]* (Dall, 1881)
* *Turbo brunneus* Röding, 1798: syn. *[[Turbo bruneus]]* (Röding, 1798)
* *Turbo bryereus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Schwartziella bryerea]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo caerulescens* Lamarck, 1822: syn. *[[Melarhaphe neritoides]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo calathiscus* Montagu, 1808: syn. *[[Alvania cimex]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo calcar* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Astralium calcar]]* (Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo canaliculatus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo canalis* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Lacuna vincta]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo cancellatus* da Costa, 1778: syn. *[[Alvania cancellata]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo carduus* P. Fischer, 1873: syn. T*urbo argyrostomus argyrostomus f. carduus* P. Fischer, 1873 accepted as *Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus* Linnaeus, 1758 (original rank)
* *Turbo carinatus* Woodward, 1833: syn. *[[Littorina littorea]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo carinatus* da Costa, 1778: syn. *[[Alvania carinata]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo carinatus* Cantraine, 1835: syn. *[[Cantrainea peloritana]]* (Cantraine, 1835)
* *Turbo cernicus* G. B. Sowerby III, 1896: syn. *[[Turbo japonicus]]* Reeve, 1848
* *Turbo carneus* Lowe, 1825: syn. *[[Margarites groenlandicus]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo chemnitzianus* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Turbo radiatus]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo chinensis* Ozawa & Tomida, 1995: syn. *[[Turbo cornutus]]* [Lightfoot], 1786
* *Turbo cimex* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Alvania cimex]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo cinereus* Born, 1778: syn. *[[Lunella cinerea]]* (Born, 1778)
* *Turbo cinereus* Couthouy, 1838: syn. *[[Margarites costalis]]* (Gould, 1841)
* *Turbo cingillus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Cingula trifasciata]]* (J. Adams, 1800)
* *Turbo cingulata* Röding, 1798: syn. *[[Turbo petholatus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo circularis* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Turbo gruneri]]* Philippi, 1846
* *Turbo classicarius* J.E. Gray, 1850: syn. *[[Turbo sarmaticus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo clathratulus* J. Adams, 1798: syn. *[[Epitonium clathratulum]]* (Kanmacher, 1798)
* *Turbo clathratulus* Kanmacher, 1798: syn. *[[Epitonium clathratulum]]* (Kanmacher, 1798)
* *Turbo clathrus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Epitonium clathrus]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo coccineus* Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1816: syn. *[[Homalopoma sanguineum]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo cochlus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Turbo marmoratus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo confragosus* Gould, 1851: syn. *[[Astralium confragosum]]* (Gould, 1851)
* *Turbo conoideus* Brocchi, 1814: syn. *[[Megastomia conoidea]]* (Brocchi, 1814)
* *Turbo coreensis* Recluz, 1853: syn. *[[Turbo granulatus]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo coronatus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Lunella coronata]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo costatus* Adams J., 1797: syn. *[[Manzonia crassa]]* (Kanmacher, 1798)
* *Turbo crassior* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Lacuna crassior]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo crassus* Kanmacher, 1798: syn. *[[Manzonia crassa]]* (Kanmacher, 1798)
* *Turbo cremensis* Andrzeiewsky, 1832: syn. *[[Gibbula adriatica]]* (Philippi, 1844)
* *Turbo crenatus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Opalia crenata]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo creniferus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Lunella coronata]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo crenulatus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Turbo castanea]]* Gmelin, 1791 
* *Turbo davidis* Röding, 1798 : syn. Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)
* *Turbo declivis* Forskål, 1775: syn. *[[Rubritrochus declivis]]* (Forskål, 1775)
* *Turbo decussatus* Montagu, 1803 : syn. *[[Parthenina decussata]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo delphinus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Angaria delphinus]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo depressum* Carpenter, 1856: syn. *[[Turbo funiculosus]]* Kiener, 1848
* *Turbo diminutus* Link, 1807 : syn. Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)
* *Turbo dinegrata* Rôding, 1798: syn. *[[Turbo petholatus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo discors* Allan, 1818 : syn. *[[Alvania discors]]* (Allan, 1818)
* *Turbo discrepans* Allan, 1818 : syn. *[[Alvania discors]]* (Allan, 1818)
* *Turbo distortus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Angaria delphinus]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo divisus* Adams J., 1797 : syn. *[[Ondina divisa]]* (J. Adams, 1797)
* *Turbo duplicatus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Turritella duplicata]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo echinatus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Turbo chrysostomus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo elegantissimus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Turbonilla lactea]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo elevatus* Eydoux & Souleyet, 1852: syn. *[[Prisogaster elevatus]]* (Eydoux & Souleyet, 1852)
* *Turbo elongatus* Woodward, 1833: syn. *[[Littorina littorea]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo euthymi* Jousseaume, 1881: syn. *[[Turbo petholatus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo exoletus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Turritella exoleta]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo expansus* Brown in J. Smith, 1839: syn. *[[Littorina fabalis]]* (Turton, 1825)
* *Turbo fabalis* Turton, 1825: syn. *[[Littorina fabalis]]* (Turton, 1825)
* *Turbo fasciata* Renieri MS, Brocchi, 1814: syn. *[[Eulima glabra]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo fasciatus* Renieri, 1804: syn. *[[Eulima glabra]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo ferrugineus* Anton, 1839: syn. *[[Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo filifer* Deshayes, 1863: syn. *[[Leptothyra filifer]]* (Deshayes, 1863)
* *Turbo filosus* W. Wood, 1828: syn. *[[Turbo cailletii]]* P. Fischer & Bernardi, 1856
* *Turbo flammeus* Salis Marschlins, 1793: syn. *Tricolia pullus pullus* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo fluctuatus* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Turbo fluctuosus]]* W. Wood, 1828
* *Turbo fokkesi* Jonas, 1843: syn. *[[Turbo fluctuosus]]* W. Wood, 1828
* *Turbo foliaceus* Rousseau, 1854: syn. *[[Turbo lamniferus]]* Reeve, 1848
* *Turbo folicaeus* Philippi, 1847: syn. *[[Turbo lamniferus]]* Reeve, 1848
* *Turbo fortispiralis* Kreipl & Alf, 2003: syn. *[[Turbo smithi]]* G.B. Sowerby III, 1886
* *Turbo grandineus* Valenciennes, 1846 : syn. *[[Calliostoma punctulatum]]* (Martyn, 1784)
* *Turbo granoliratus* G.B. Sowerby III, 1908: syn. *[[Turbo moluccensis]]* Philippi, 1846
* *Turbo granosus* (Martyn, 1784): syn. *[[Modelia granosa]]* (Martyn, 1784)
* *Turbo granulata* (Röding, 1798): syn. *[[Turbo castanea]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo granulatus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Lunella granulata]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo granulosus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Turbo granulatus]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo graphicus* Brown, 1818 : syn. *[[Cingula trifasciata]]* (J. Adams, 1800)
* *Turbo groenlandicus* Röding, 1798 : syn. *[[Littorina saxatilis]]* (Olivi, 1792)
* *Turbo helicinus* Phipps, 1774: syn. *[[Margarites helicinus]]* (Phipps, 1774)
* *Turbo helicoides* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Separatista helicoides]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo hemprichii* Troschel, 1849: syn. *[[Lunella coronata]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo henicus* Watson, 1885: syn. *[[Bolma henica]]* (Watson, 1885)
* *Turbo heteroclitus* Kiener, 1847: syn. *[[Turbo torquatus]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo hippocastanum* Lamarck, 1822: syn. *[[Turbo castanea]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo humerosa* Smith, 1901: syn. *[[Turbo petholatus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo imbricatus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Turritella imbricata]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo incarnatus* Couthouy, 1838: syn. *[[Margarites groenlandicus]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo indistinctus* Montagu, 1808: syn. *[[Parthenina indistincta]]* (Montagu, 1808)
* *Turbo indutus* Watson, 1879: syn. *[[Homalopoma indutum]]* (Watson, 1879)
* *Turbo insculptus* Montagu, 1808: syn. *[[Ondina divisa]]* (J. Adams, 1797)
* *Turbo interruptus* Adams J., 1800: syn. *[[Rissoa parva]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo interstinctus* J. Adams, 1797: syn. *[[Chrysallida interstincta]]* (J. Adams, 1797)
* *Turbo irroratus* Say, 1822: syn. *[[Littoraria irrorata]]* (Say, 1822)
* *Turbo japonicus* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Turbo cornutus]]* Lightfoot, 1786
* *Turbo jugosus* Montagu, 1803: syn. Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)
* *Turbo jungi* Lai, 2006: syn. *[[Lunella jungi]]* (Lai, 2006)
* *Turbo labiatus* Brown, 1827: syn. *[[Littorina arcana]]* Hannaford-Ellis, 1978
* *Turbo lacteus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Turbonilla lactea]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo lacteus* Donovan, 1804: syn. *[[Rissoa parva]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo laetus* Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1863: syn. *[[Collonia granulosa]]* Pease, 1868
* *Turbo laevis* Pennant, 1777: syn. *[[Melanella alba]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo lamellosus* Philippi, 1846: syn. *[[Turbo lamniferus]]* Reeve, 1848
* *Turbo lamellosus* Broderip, 1831: syn. *[[Lunella torquata]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo lapidifera* Röding, 1798: syn. *[[Turbo radiatus]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo lehmanni* Menke, 1843: syn. *[[Notogibbula lehmanni]]* (Menke, 1843)
* *Turbo litoreus* [sic]: syn. *[[Littorina littorea]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo littoreus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Littorina littorea]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo lucullanus* Scacchi, 1833: syn. Fossarus ambiguus (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo ludus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Lunella undulata]]* (Lightfoot, 1786)
* *Turbo lugubris* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Lunella cinerea]]* (Born, 1778)
* *Turbo lugubris* Kiener, 1847: syn. *[[Lunella ogasawarana]]* Nakano, Takashashi & Ozawa, 2007
* *Turbo macandrewii* Mörch, 1868: syn. *[[Anadema macandrewii]]* (Mörch, 1868)
* *Turbo mammillatus* Donovan, E., 1804: syn. *[[Turbo castanea]]* Gmelin, 1791 
* *Turbo maoa* Curtiss, 1938: syn. *[[Turbo setosus]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo martinii* W. Wood, 1828: syn. *[[Amaea martinii]]* (W. Wood, 1828)
* *Turbo membranaceus* Adams J., 1800: syn. *[[Rissoa membranacea]]* (J. Adams, 1800)
* *Turbo menkei* Thiele, 1930: syn. *[[Turbo haynesi]]* (Preston, 1914)
* *Turbo mespilus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Turbo imperialis]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo minimus* W. Wood, 1828: syn. *[[Echinolittorina mespillum]]* (Mühlfeld, 1824)
* *Turbo minutus* Michaud, 1828: syn. *[[Clathrella clathrata]]* (Philippi, 1844)
* *Turbo mitzschii* Anton, 1838: syn. *[[Turbo saxosus]]* W. Wood, 1828
* *Turbo modestus* Philippi, 1847: syn. *[[Lunella coronata]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo moltkianus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Turbo castanea]]* Gmelin, 1791 
* *Turbo moniliformis* (Röding, 1798): syn. *[[Lunella moniliformis]]* Röding, 1798
* *Turbo monilis* Turton, 1819: syn. *[[Alvania carinata]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo muricatus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Cenchritis muricatus]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo muricatus* Nowell-Usticke, 1959: syn. *[[Turbo castanea]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo murreus* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Isanda murrea]]* (Reeve, 1848)
* *Turbo naninus* Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1864: syn. *[[Leptothyra nanina]]* (Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1864)
* *Turbo natalensis* Krauss, 1848: syn. *[[Turbo cidaris natalensis]]* (Krauss, 1848)
* *Turbo nautileus* Linnaeus, 1767: syn. *[[Gyraulus crista]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo nebulosus* Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775: syn. *[[Monodonta nebulosa]]* (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
* *Turbo necnivosus* Iredale, 1929: syn. *[[Turbo smithi]]* G.B. Sowerby III, 1886
* *Turbo neritiformis* Brown, 1827: syn. *[[Littorina obtusata]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo neritoides* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Melarhaphe neritoides]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo nicobaricus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Chrysostoma paradoxum]]* (Born, 1778)
* *Turbo niger* W. Wood, 1828: syn. *[[Prisogaster niger]]* (W. Wood, 1828)
* *Turbo nigerrimus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Diloma nigerrima]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo nitidissimus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Ebala nitidissima]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo nitzschii* Anton, 1839: syn. *[[Turbo saxosus]]* W. Wood, 1828
* *Turbo nivosa* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Turbo tuberculosus]]* Quoy & Gaimard, 1834
* *Turbo nivosus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Chrysallida nivosa]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo obligatus* Say, 1822: syn. *[[Littorina saxatilis]]* (Olivi, 1792)
* *Turbo obscura* Röding, 1798: syn. *[[Turbo petholatus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo obscurus* Couthouy, 1838: syn. *[[Solariella obscura]]* (Couthouy, 1838)
* *Turbo obsoletus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Turritella exoleta]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo obtusatus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Littorina obtusata]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo olearius* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Turbo marmoratus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo olivaceus* Brown, 1827: syn. *[[Margarites olivaceus]]* (Brown, 1827)
* *Turbo ovalis* da Costa, 1778: syn. *[[Acteon tornatilis]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo palliatus* Say, 1822: syn. *[[Littorina obtusata]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo pallidus* Donovan, 1804: syn. *[[Lacuna crassior]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo pallidus* Perry, G., 1811: syn. *[[Turbo argyrostomus]]* Linnaeus, 1758 
* *Turbo papyraceus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Pseudostomatella papyracea]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo parvulus* Philippi, 1849: syn. *[[Turbo smithi]]* G.B. Sowerby III, 1886
* *Turbo parvus* da Costa, 1778: syn. *[[Rissoa parva]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo peloritanus* Cantraine, 1835: syn. *[[Cantrainea peloritana]]* (Cantraine, 1835)
* *Turbo perdix* Wood, 1828: syn. *[[Phasianella ventricosa]]* Swainson, 1822
* *Turbo permundus* Iredale, 1929: syn. *[[Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo pethiolatus* Swainson, 1840: syn. *[[Turbo sarmaticus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo phasianellus* Deshayes, 1863: syn. *[[Calliotrochus marmoreus]]* (Pease, 1861)
* *Turbo picta* Röding, 1798: syn. *[[Lunella cinerea]]* (Born, 1778)
* *Turbo pictus* da Costa, 1778: syn. *Tricolia pullus picta* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo pileolum* Reeve, 1842: syn. *[[Astralium pileolum]]* (Reeve, 1842)
* *Turbo planorbis* Fabricius O., 1780: syn. *[[Skeneopsis planorbis]]* (O. Fabricius, 1780)
* *Turbo plicatus* Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1824: syn. *[[Manzonia crassa]]* (Kanmacher, 1798)
* *Turbo plicatus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Odostomia plicata]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo politus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Melanella polita]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo ponsonbyi* Sowerby III, 1897: syn. *[[Bothropoma ponsonbyi]]* (Sowerby, 1897)
* *Turbo porcatus* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Lunella cinerea]]* (Born, 1778)
* *Turbo porphyrites* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Lunella cinerea]]* (Born, 1778)
* *Turbo porphyrites* [sic, *porphyria*]: syn. *[[Turbo petholatus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo princeps* Philippi, 1846: syn. *[[Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo psittacinus* Philippi, 1846: syn. *[[Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo pulcher* (Rehder, 1943): syn. *[[Turbo haraldi]]* Robertson, 1957
* *Turbo pulcher* Reeve, 1842: syn. *[[Turbo kenwilliamsi]]* Williams, 2008
* *Turbo pulcherrimus* Noodt, 1819: syn. *Calliostoma (Maurea) punctulatum* (Martyn, 1784) represented as *[[Calliostoma punctulatum]]* (Martyn, 1784)
* *Turbo pullus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Tricolia pullus]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo pumiceus* Brocchi, 1814: syn. *[[Cirsotrema cochlea]]* (G. B. Sowerby II, 1844)
* *Turbo punctatus* Kanmacher, 1798: syn. Marshallora adversa (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo punctatus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Echinolittorina punctata]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo punctura* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Alvania punctura]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo purpureus* Risso, 1826: syn. *[[Clanculus cruciatus]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo pustulata* Reeve, 1843: syn. *[[Turbo squamiger]]* Reeve, 1843
* *Turbo pustulatus* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Turbo squamiger]]* Reeve, 1843
* *Turbo puteolus* Turton, 1819: syn. *[[Lacuna parva]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo pyropus* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Yaronia pyropus]]* (Reeve, 1848)
* *Turbo quadricarinatus* Brocchi, 1814: syn. *[[Mathilda quadricarinata]]* (Brocchi, 1814)
* *Turbo quadrifasciatus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Lacuna vincta]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo radiatus* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Turbo intercostalis]]* Menke, 1846
* *Turbo radina* Webster, 1905: syn. *[[Turbo smaragdus]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo replicatus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Turritella duplicata]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo reticulatus* J. Adams, 1797: syn. *[[Alvania beanii]]* (Hanley in Thorpe, 1844)
* *Turbo reticulatus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Alvania beanii]]* (Hanley in Thorpe, 1844)
* *Turbo reticulatus* Donovan, 1804: syn. *[[Marshallora adversa]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo retusus* Lamarck, 1822: syn. *[[Littorina obtusata]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo rissoanus* Delle Chiaje, 1828: syn. *[[Rissoa variabilis]]* (Von Mühlfeldt, 1824)
* *Turbo ruber* J. Adams, 1797: syn. *[[Barleeia unifasciata]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo rubicundus* Chemnitz: syn. *[[Turbo granosus]]* (Martyn, 1784)
* *Turbo rudis* Maton, 1797: syn. *[[Littorina saxatilis]]* (Olivi, 1792)
* *Turbo rudissimus* Johnston, 1842: syn. *[[Littorina saxatilis]]* (Olivi, 1792)
* *Turbo rugosus* Linnaeus, 1767: syn. *[[Bolma rugosa]]* (Linnaeus, 1767)
* *Turbo rugosus* Brown, 1818: syn. Tornus subcarinatus (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo sangarensis* Schrenck, 1861: syn. *[[Homalopoma sangarense]]* (Schrenck, 1861)
* *Turbo sanguineus* de Folin, 1868: syn. *[[Collonista purpurata]]* (Deshayes, 1863)
* *Turbo sanguineus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Homalopoma sanguineum]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo saxatilis* Olivi, 1792: syn. *[[Littorina saxatilis]]* (Olivi, 1792)
* *Turbo scabrosus* Preston, 1914: syn. *[[Turbo lamniferus]]* Reeve, 1848
* *Turbo scalaris* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Epitonium scalare]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo semicostatus* Pease, 1861: syn. *[[Turbo argyrostomus argyrostomus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo semicostatus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Onoba semicostata]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo semilugubris* Deshayes, 1863: syn. *[[Vaceuchelus semilugubris]]* (Deshayes, 1863)
* *Turbo semistriatus* Montagu, 1808: syn. *[[Crisilla semistriata]]* (Montagu, 1808)
* *Turbo separatista* Dillwyn, 1817: syn. *[[Separatista helicoides]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo seruiensis* Smits & Moolenbeek, 1995: syn. *[[Turbo moluccensis]]* Philippi, 1846
* *Turbo shandi* Hutton, 1873: syn. *[[Turbo granosus]]* (Martyn, 1784)
* *Turbo shepeianus* J. Adams, 1798: syn. *[[Onoba semicostata]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo shepeianus* Kanmacher, 1798: syn. *[[Onoba semicostata]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo siamea* Röding, 1798: syn. *[[Turbo cornutus]]* Lightfoot, 1786
* *Turbo siculus* Brugnone, 1850: syn. *[[Echinolittorina punctata]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo smaragdus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Lunella smaragdus]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo somnueki* Patamakanthin, 2001: syn. *[[Turbo tursicus]]* (Reeve, 1843)
* *Turbo speciosus* Mühlfeld, 1824: syn. *[[Tricolia speciosa]]* (Mühlfeld, 1824)
* *Turbo speciosus* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Turbo argyrostomus perspeciosus]]* (Iredale, 1929)
* *Turbo spenglerianus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Turbo canaliculatus]]* Hermann, 1781
* *Turbo spinosus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Turbo radiatus]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo spiralis* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Chrysallida pellucida]]* (Dillwyn, 1817)
* *Turbo splendidulus* G.B. Sowerby III, 1886: syn. *[[Turbo laetus]]* Philippi, 1849
* *Turbo squamosa* Röding, 1798: syn. *[[Turbo bruneus]]* (Röding, 1798)
* *Turbo squamosus* J.E. Gray, 1847: syn. *[[Turbo lamniferus]]* Reeve, 1848
* *Turbo stamineus* Martyn, 1784: syn. *[[Turbo torquatus]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo stellaris* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Astralium stellare]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo striatulus* da Costa, 1778: syn. *[[Alvania carinata]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo striatulus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Alvania carinata]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo striatulus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Turbonilla striatula]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo striatus* J. Adams, 1797: syn. *[[Onoba semicostata]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo subcastaneus* Pilsbry, 1888: syn. *[[Turbo squamiger]]* Reeve, 1843
* *Turbo subluteus* Adams J., 1797: syn. *[[Rissoa parva]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo subtruncatus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Truncatella subcylindrica]]* (Linnaeus, 1767)
* *Turbo subulatus* Donovan, 1804: syn. *[[Eulima glabra]]* (da Costa, 1778)
* *Turbo subumbilicatus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Peringia ulvae]]* (Pennant, 1777)
* *Turbo sulcatus* Woodward, 1833: syn. *[[Littorina littorea]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo sulcatus* Leach, 1852: syn. *[[Littorina compressa]]* Jeffreys, 1865
* *Turbo taeniatus* G.B. Sowerby I, 1825: syn. *[[Photinastoma taeniatum]]* (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825)
* *Turbo tautiranus* Curtiss, 1938: syn. *[[Littoraria coccinea]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo taylorianus* E.A. Smith, 1880: syn. *[[Bolma tayloriana]]* (E. A. Smith, 1880)
* *Turbo tenebrosus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Littorina saxatilis]]* (Olivi, 1792)
* *Turbo terebellum* Dillwyn, 1817: syn. *[[Niso terebellum]]* (Dillwyn, 1817)
* *Turbo terebra* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Turritella terebra]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo tessellatus* Kiener, 1848: syn. *[[Turbo fluctuosus]]* W. Wood, 1828
* *Turbo torcularis* Born, 1778: syn. *[[Turritella exoleta]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo torquatus* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Lunella torquata]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo tricarinulatus* Euthyme, 1885: syn. *[[Turbo cidaris cidaris]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo tricolor* Risso, 1826: syn. *[[Melarhaphe neritoides]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo tricostatus* Hutton, 1884: syn. *[[Lunella smaragdus]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo trifasciatus* J. Adams, 1800: syn. *[[Cingula cingillus]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo trochiformis* Born, 1778: syn. *[[Trochita trochiformis]]* (Born, 1778)
* *Turbo trochoides* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Lunella coronata]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo truncatus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Truncatella subcylindrica]]* (Linnaeus, 1767)
* *Turbo tuberculata* Röding, 1798: syn. *[[Turbo squamiger]]* Reeve, 1843
* *Turbo tuberculatus* W. Wood, 1828: syn. *[[Tectarius antonii]]* (Philippi, 1846)
* *Turbo tuberculatus* Kiener, 1847: syn. *[[Turbo radiatus]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo tumidulus* Reeve, 1848: syn. *[[Turbo radiatus]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo turbinopsis* Lamarck, 1822: syn. *[[Turbo lamniferus]]* Reeve, 1848
* *Turbo turriformis* Preston, 1914: syn. *[[Turbo lamniferus]]* Reeve, 1848
* *Turbo turtonis* Turton, 1819: syn. *[[Epitonium turtonis]]* (Turton, 1819)
* *Turbo ulvae* Pennant, 1777: syn. *[[Peringia ulvae]]* (Pennant, 1777)
* *Turbo undulata* Röding, 1798: syn. *[[Turbo marmoratus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
* *Turbo undulatus* Lightfoot, 1786: syn. *[[Lunella undulata]]* (Lightfoot, 1786)
* *Turbo ungulinus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Turritella ungulina]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo unicus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Graphis albida]]* (Kanmacher, 1798)
* *Turbo unidentatus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Odostomia unidentata]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo unifasciatus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Barleeia unifasciata]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo ustulatus* Lamarck, 1822: syn. *[[Littorina littorea]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo variegatus* Linnaeus, 1758: syn. *[[Turritella variegata]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo venezuelensis* Weisbord, 1962: syn. *[[Turbo castanea]]* Gmelin, 1791 
* *Turbo ventricosus* Woodward, 1833: syn. *[[Littorina littorea]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Turbo ventrosus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Ecrobia ventrosa]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo venustus* Philippi, 1845: syn. *[[Turbo saxosus]]* W. Wood, 1828
* *Turbo verconis* Iredale, 1937: syn. *[[Turbo jourdani]]* Kiener, 1839
* *Turbo vericulum* Röding, 1798: syn. *[[Turbo setosus]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo vermicularis* Brocchi, 1814: syn. *[[Turritella vermicularis]]* (Brocchi, 1814)
* *Turbo versicolor* Nowell-Usticke, 1959: syn. *[[Turbo castanea]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo versicolor* Gmelin, 1791: syn. *[[Lunella cinerea]]* (Born, 1778)
* *Turbo vestitus* Say, 1822: syn. *[[Littorina saxatilis]]* (Olivi, 1792)
* *Turbo vieuxi* Payraudeau, 1826: syn. *[[Tricolia speciosa]]* (Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1824)
* *Turbo vinctus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Lacuna vincta]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo virens* Anton, 1839: syn. *[[Turbo castanea]]* Gmelin, 1791
* *Turbo viridana* Röding, 1798: syn. *[[Lunella coronata]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Turbo viridicallus* (Jousseaume, 1898): syn. *[[Lunella viridicallus]]* (Jousseaume, 1898)
* *Turbo vitreus* Montagu, 1803: syn. *[[Hyala vitrea]]* (Montagu, 1803)
* *Turbo vittatus* Donovan, 1804: syn. *[[Cingula trifasciata]]* (J. Adams, 1800)
* *Turbo zebra* Wood, 1828: syn. *[[Echinolittorina peruviana]]* (Lamarck, 1822)
* *Turbo zebra* Donovan, 1825: syn. *[[Littoraria zebra]]* (Donovan, 1825)
* *Turbo zetlandicus* Montagu, 1815: syn. *[[Alvinia zetlandica]]* Montagu, 1815

**Các loài sau đây là [[Nomen nudum|nomina nuda]] (tên không được công bố kèm mô tả đầy đủ)**:
* *Turbo curvatus* Chiereghini MS, Brusina, 1870 (nomen nudum): được chấp nhận là *[[Eulima philippii]]* Weinkauff, 1868

**Các loài sau đây là đại diện thay thế**:
* *Turbo setosus* Gmelin, 1843 đại diện là *[[Turbo setosus]]* Gmelin, 1791 (đại diện thay thế)

**Các loài sau đây là [[Nomen dubium|nomina dubia]] (tên chưa biết hoặc nghi ngờ)**:
* *Turbo articulatus* Reeve, 1848 (nomen dubium)
* *Turbo concinnus* Philippi, 1846 (nomen dubium)
* *Turbo crellenus* Linnaeus, 1758 (nomen dubium)
* *Turbo disjunctus* Anton, 1838 (nomen dubium)
* *Turbo elegans* Philippi, 1846 (nomen dubium)
* *Turbo margaritaceus* Linnaeus, 1758 (nomen dubium)
* *Turbo pustulatus* Brocchi, 1821 (nomen dubium)
* *Turbo variabilis* Reeve, 1842 (nomen dubium)

**Tên tạm thời:**
* † *Turbo genulatus* Brocchi, 1814

**Các loài sau đây là [[species inquirenda]] (tên có giá trị không chắc chắn hoặc còn tranh cãi)**:
* *[[Turbo regenfusii]]* Deshayes, 1843

## Chú thích

## Tham khảo

* Alf A., Kreipl K. & Poppe G. T. (2003) T*he Family Turbinidae, Subfamily Turbininae, Genus Turbo*. In: Poppe G. T. & Groh K. (eds.): A Conchological Iconography: 68 pp., 95 colour plates, ConchBooks, Hackenheim, .
* Williams, S.T. (2007). *Origins and diversification of Indo-West Pacific marine fauna: evolutionary history and biogeography of turban shells (Gastropoda, Turbinidae)*. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 92, 573–592.
* Williams S. (2008) T*he calcareous operculum as a character for defining subgenera in the marine gastropod genus Turbo*. Vita Malacologica 7: 1-13. [16 December 2008]