Napalm Death

**Napalm Death** là một ban nhạc grindcore thành lập ở Meriden, West Midlands, Anh, năm 1981. Thành viên hiện nay gồm vocal Mark "Barney" Greenway, tay bass Shane Embury, tay guitar Mitch Harris và tay trống Danny Herrera, không còn thành viên nào có mặt trong đội hình gốc của ban nhạc.

Napalm Death thường được xem là ban nhạc đã đặt nền móng cho grindcore, với phần nhạc rất ồn, tiếng guitar bóp méo nặng, guitar chỉnh down-tune, overdrive bass, nhịp độ cực nhanh, blast beat, và phần giọng từ growl (gầm gừ), tới giọng rít cao, bài hát cực ngắn. Album đầu tay của ban nhạc, *[[Scum (album của Napalm Death)|Scum]]*, phát hành năm 1987 bởi Earache Records, có sức ảnh hưởng lớn đến giới metal toàn cầu. Theo sách kỷ lục Guinness, "You Suffer" là bài hát ngắn nhất thế giới, chỉ dài 1,316 giây.

## Đĩa nhạc

**[[Scum (album của Napalm Death)|Scum]]* (1987)
**[[From Enslavement to Obliteration]]* (1988)
**[[Harmony Corruption]]* (1990)
**[[Utopia Banished]]* (1992)
**[[Fear, Emptiness, Despair]]* (1994)
**[[Diatribes]]* (1996)
**[[Inside the Torn Apart]]* (1997)
**[[Words from the Exit Wound]]* (1998)
**[[Enemy of the Music Business]]* (2000)
**[[Order of the Leech]]* (2002)
**[[Leaders Not Followers: Part 2]]* (2004)
**[[The Code Is Red...Long Live the Code]]* (2005)
**[[Smear Campaign (album)|Smear Campaign]]* (2006)
**[[Time Waits for No Slave]]* (2009)
**[[Utilitarian (album)|Utilitarian]]* (2012)
**[[Apex Predator – Easy Meat]]* (2015)
**Throes of Joy in the Jaws of Defeatism* (2020)

## Thành viên

### Thành viên hiện tại
*Shane Embury – bass (1987–nay)
*Mark "Barney" Greenway – vocal (1989–1996, 1997–nay)
*Mitch Harris – guitar (1990–nay)
*Danny Herrera – trống (1991–nay)

### Thành viên lưu diễn hiện tại
*Erik Burke – guitar (2015–nay)

### Thành viên lưu diễn trước đây
*John Cooke - guitar (2014–2015)

### Thành viên cũ
*Nicholas "Nik Napalm" Bullen – vocal, bass (1981–1986)
*Miles "Rat" Ratledge – trống(1981–1985)
*Simon "Si O" Oppenheimer – guitar (1981–1982)
*Graham "Grayhard" Robertson – guitar, bass (1982–1985)
*Daryl "Daz F" Fedeski – guitar (1982)
*Finbar "Fin" Quinn – bass (1983–1984)
*Marian Williams – vocal (1984)
*Damien Errington – guitar (1985)
*Justin Broadrick – guitar (1985–1986)
*Peter "P-Nut" Shaw – bass (1985)
*Mick Harris – trống (1985–1991)
*Jim Whitely – bass (1986–1987)
*Frank Healy – guitar (1987)
*Bill Steer – guitar (1987–1989)
*Lee Dorrian – vocals (1987–1989)
*Jesse Pintado – guitar (1989–2004; died 2006)
*Phil Vane – vocals (1996–1997; died 2011)

### Timeline

ImageSize = width:900  height:auto  barincrement:18
PlotArea = left:110  bottom:60  top:0  right:10
Alignbars = justify
DateFormat  = mm/dd/yyyy
Period = from:01/01/1981  till:01/31/2015
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal  format:yyyy
ScaleMinor = increment:2  start:1981
ScaleMajor = increment:2  start:1982
Legend = orientation:horizontal  position:bottom

Colors =
  id:vocals  value:red        legend:Vocal_chính
  id:guitar  value:green      legend:Guitar
  id:bass    value:blue       legend:Bass
  id:drums   value:purple     legend:Trống
  id:albums  value:black      legend:Album_phòng_thu
  id:eps     value:gray(0.8)  legend:EP

LineData =
  at:07/01/1987 color:black layer:back
  at:10/01/1988 color:black layer:back
  at:09/03/1990 color:black layer:back
  at:06/23/1992 color:black layer:back
  at:05/31/1994 color:black layer:back
  at:01/30/1996 color:black layer:back
  at:06/03/1997 color:black layer:back
  at:10/26/1998 color:black layer:back
  at:09/25/2000 color:black layer:back
  at:10/21/2002 color:black layer:back
  at:08/23/2004 color:black layer:back
  at:04/25/2005 color:black layer:back
  at:09/15/2006 color:black layer:back
  at:01/23/2009 color:black layer:back
  at:02/27/2012 color:black layer:back
  at:01/26/2015 color:black layer:back

  at:03/15/1986  color:EPs  layer:back
  at:09/22/1987  color:EPs  layer:back
  at:08/29/1989  color:EPs  layer:back
  at:06/15/1993  color:EPs  layer:back
  at:11/21/1995  color:EPs  layer:back
  at:11/11/1997  color:EPs  layer:back
  at:10/25/1999  color:EPs  layer:back
  at:01/22/2005  color:EPs  layer:back
  at:08/01/2012  color:EPs  layer:back
  at:04/20/2013  color:EPs  layer:back
  at:07/19/2013  color:EPs  layer:back

BarData =
  bar:Nicholas text:"Nicholas Bullen"
  bar:Marian text:"Marian Williams"
  bar:Lee text:"Lee Dorrian"
  bar:Mark text:"Mark Greenway"
  bar:Phil text:"Phil Vane"

  bar:Simon text:"Simon Oppenheimer"
  bar:Daryl text:"Daryl Fedeski"
  bar:Graham text:"Graham Robertson"
  bar:Damien text:"Damien Errington"
  bar:Justin text:"Justin Broadrick"
  bar:Frank text:"Frank Healy"
  bar:Bill text:"Bill Steer"
  bar:Jesse text:"Jesse Pintado"
  bar:Mitch text:"Mitch Harris"

  bar:Finbar text:"Finbar Quinn"
  bar:Peter text:"Peter Shaw"
  bar:James text:"James Whitely"
  bar:Shane text:"Shane Embury"

  bar:Miles text:"Miles Ratledge"
  bar:Mick text:"Mick Harris"
  bar:Danny text:"Danny Herrera"

PlotData=
 width:2.5  textcolor:black  align:left  anchor:from  shift:(10,-4)
  bar:Nicholas  from:01/01/1981  till:01/01/1982  color:bass
  bar:Nicholas  from:12/01/1985  till:05/01/1987  color:bass

 width:10 textcolor:black align:left anchor:from shift:(10,-4)
  bar:Nicholas from:01/01/1981  till:05/01/1987  color:Vocals
  bar:Marian   from:05/01/1984  till:06/01/1984  color:Vocals
  bar:Lee      from:01/01/1987  till:07/01/1989  color:Vocals
  bar:Mark     from:08/01/1989  till:07/01/1996  color:Vocals
  bar:Mark     from:03/01/1997  till:end         color:Vocals
  bar:Phil     from:08/01/1996  till:02/25/1997  color:Vocals

  bar:Simon   from:01/01/1981  till:08/01/1982  color:Guitar
  bar:Daryl   from:08/01/1982  till:10/01/1982  color:Guitar
  bar:Graham  from:01/01/1982  till:11/01/1982  color:Bass
  bar:Graham  from:11/01/1982  till:05/25/1985  color:Guitar
  bar:Damien  from:04/01/1985  till:05/25/1985  color:Guitar
  bar:Justin  from:06/01/1985  till:12/01/1986  color:Guitar
  bar:Frank   from:01/01/1987  till:02/25/1987  color:Guitar
  bar:Bill    from:03/01/1987  till:07/01/1989  color:Guitar
  bar:Jesse   from:07/15/1989  till:02/01/2004  color:Guitar
  bar:Mitch   from:04/01/1990  till:end         color:Guitar

  bar:Finbar  from:12/01/1982  till:09/01/1985  color:Bass
  bar:Peter   from:09/01/1985  till:12/01/1985  color:Bass
  bar:James   from:05/01/1987  till:08/01/1987  color:Bass
  bar:Shane   from:08/01/1987  till:end         color:Bass

  bar:Miles  from:01/01/1981  till:11/01/1985  color:Drums
  bar:Mick   from:12/01/1985  till:01/01/1991  color:Drums
  bar:Danny  from:01/01/1991  till:end         color:Drums

## Tham khảo

* Barcinski, André & Gomes, Silvio (1999). *Sepultura: Toda a História.* São Paulo: Ed. 34. ISBN 85-7326-156-0
* Mudrian, Albert (2004). *Choosing Death: the Improbable History of Death Metal and Grindcore*. Los Angeles, CA: Feral House.

## Liên kết ngoài

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