Bộ Tuế

**Bộ Tuế**, tên khoa học ***Cycadales***, là một bộ thực vật có hạt đặc trưng bởi thân gỗ mập mạp với lá cứng thường xanh tạo thành một tán lớn. Chúng thường có lá dạng lông chim.

## Phân loại

Có khoảng 306 loài trong bộ Tuế, với khoảng 10&ndash;12&nbsp; chi.

;Phân bộ *[[Cycadineae]]*
:Họ Cycadaceae
::Phân họ *[[Cycadoideae]]*
:::::*[[Cycas]]*: Chi Tuế, với khoảng 105 loài
;Phân bộ *[[Zamiineae]]*
:Họ Stangeriaceae
::Phân họ Stangerioideae
:::::*[[Stangeria]]*. Chỉ có duy nhất một loài *[[Stangeria|S. eriopus]]* (Kunze) Baillon
::Phân họ Bowenioideae
:::::*[[Bowenia]]*. Có 2 loài được ghi nhận tại Queensland, Australia
:Họ Zamiaceae
::Phân họ Encephalartoideae
:::Tông Diooeae
:::::*[[Dioon]]*. 13 loài ghi nhận ở Mexico và Trung Mỹ
:::Tông Encephalarteae
::::Phân tông Encephalartinae
:::::*[[Encephalartos]]*. Khoảng 66&nbsp; loài
::::Phân tông Macrozamiinae
:::::*[[Macrozamia]]*. khoảng 41&nbsp; loài
:::::*[[Lepidozamia]]*. 2 loài
::Phân họ Zamioideae
:::Tông Ceratozamieae
:::::*[[Ceratozamia]]*. 26 loài
:::Tông Zamieae
::::Phân tông Microcycadinae
:::::*[[Microcycas]]*. 1 loài ở Cuba: *[[Microcycas|M. calocoma]]* (Miquel) A. DC.
::::Phân tông Zamiinae
:::::*[[Chigua]]*. 2 loài
:::::*[[Zamia]]*. khoảng 65 &nbsp; loài

## Chú thích

## Tham khảo
* Chamberlain, C.J. (1965) [1919] *The Living Cycads*, 1st ed. reprinted, New York: Hafner, 172 p., LCCN 65-027079
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* De Luca, Paulo (1990) "A Historical Perspective on Cycads from Antiquity to the Present", In: Stevenson, D. (Ed.) *The Biology, Structure, and Systematics of the Cycadales*, Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden, **57**, p.&nbsp;1-7, ISBN 0-89327-350-3
* Donaldson, J.S. (2003) "Chapter 3: Regional Overview: Africa", In: Donaldson, J.S. (ed.), *[http://data.iucn.org/dbtw-wpd/edocs/2003-010.pdf Cycads. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan] *, IUCN/SSC Cycad Specialist Group, Gland; Cambridge: UKIUCN, ISBN 2-8317-0699-8, p.&nbsp;9-19
* Donaldson, J. (2004) "Saving ghosts? The implications of taxonomic uncertainty and shifting infrageneric concepts in the cycadales for red listing and conservation planning", In: Walters,T. & Osborne, R. (eds), *Cycad Classification: Concepts and Recommendations*, Wallingford, UK: CABI, ISBN 0-85199-741-4, p.&nbsp;13-22.
* Donaldson, J., Hill, K.D., & Stevenson, D.W. (2003a) "Chapter 2: Cycads of the World: An Overview", In: Donaldson, J.S. (ed.), *[http://data.iucn.org/dbtw-wpd/edocs/2003-010.pdf Cycads. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan] *, IUCN/SSC Cycad Specialist Group, Gland; Cambridge: UKIUCN, ISBN 2-8317-0699-8, p.&nbsp;3-8
* Donaldson, J.S., Dehgan, A.P., Vovides, A.P., & Tang, W. (2003b) "Chapter 7: Cycads in trade and sustainable use of cycad populations", In: Donaldson, J.S. (ed.), *[http://data.iucn.org/dbtw-wpd/edocs/2003-010.pdf Cycads. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan] *, IUCN/SSC Cycad Specialist Group, Gland; Cambridge: UKIUCN, ISBN 2-8317-0699-8, p.&nbsp;39-47
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* Gregory, T.J. & Chemnick, J. (2004) Hypotheses of the relationship between biogeography and speciation in *Dioon* (Zamiaceae). In: Walters,T. & Osborne, R. (eds), *Cycad Classification: Concepts and Recommendations*, Wallingford, UK: CABI, ISBN 0-85199-741-4, p.&nbsp;137-148.
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* Hill, K.D. (2003) "Chapter 4: Regional Overview: Australia", In: Donaldson, J.S. (ed.), *[http://data.iucn.org/dbtw-wpd/edocs/2003-010.pdf Cycads. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan]*, IUCN/SSC Cycad Specialist Group, Gland; Cambridge: UKIUCN, ISBN 2-8317-0699-8, p.&nbsp;20-24
* Hill, K.D. (2004) "Character evolution, species recognition and classification concepts in the cycadaceae", In: Walters,T. & Osborne, R. (eds), *Cycad Classification: Concepts and Recommendations*, Wallingford, UK: CABI, ISBN 0-85199-741-4, p.&nbsp;23-44. CABI, Oxford.
* Hill, K. & Stevenson, D. 1998–nay. The Cycad Pages. http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/PlantNet/cycad/ 
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* Jones, David L. (1993) *Cycads of the World*, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, ISBN 1-56098-220-9. 2nd ed. republished (2002) as: *Cycads of the World: ancient plants in today's landscape*, Sydney: Reed New Holland, ISBN 1-876334-69-X
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* Norstog, K.J. & Nicholls, T.J. (1998) *Biology of Cycads*, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, ISBN 0-8014-3033-X
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* Stevenson, D., K. Norstog, & P. Fawcett. 1998. Pollination biology of cycads. In: Reproductive Biology: In systematics, conservation, and economic botany. Eds. S. Owens & P. Rudall. pp.&nbsp;277–294. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
* Walters, T., Osborne, R., & Decker, D. (2004) "We hold these truths… ", In: Walters,T. & Osborne, R. (eds), *Cycad Classification: Concepts and Recommendations*, Wallingford, UK: CABI, ISBN 0-85199-741-4, p.&nbsp;1-11
* Whitelock, L.M. (2002) *The Cycads*, Portland, OR: Timber Press, ISBN 0-88192-522-5

## Liên kết ngoài

* Palm Trees, Small Palms, Cycads, Bromeliads and tropical plants  site with thousands of large, high quality photos of cycads and associated flora. Includes information on habitat and cultivation.
*Hill KD (1998–2004) The Cycad Pages, Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/PlantNet/cycad/index.html 
* Gymnosperm Database: Cycads
* Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden- one of the largest collection of cycads in the world in Florida, U.S.A. 
* Palm and Cycad Societies of Australia (PACSOA)
* The Cycad Society of South Africa
* Cycad nitrogen fixation
* Cycad toxicity 
* Cycads - Foto 
* ''The Cult of the Cycads'', New York Times Magazine article on cycad collectorship and cycad smuggling
* Cycads An annotated link directory