Astraea (Turbinidae)

***Astraea*** là một chi ốc biển từ trung bình tới lớn, là động vật thân mềm chân bụng sống ở biển thuộc họ Turbinidae, họ ốc xà cừ.

## Các loài
Các loài thuộc chi bao gồm:
**[[Astraea heliotropium]]* (Martyn, 1784)

; Các loài tuyệt chủng:
*†*Astraea (Liotiastralium) venezuelana*  Weisbord 1962
*†*Astraea (Pomaulax) gradata*  Grant and Gale 1931
*†*Astraea (Pomaulax) morani*  Loel and Corey 1932
*†*Astraea (Vitiastraea) holmesi*  Ladd 1966
*†*[[Astraea bicarinata]]* Suter, 1917 
*†*Astraea fimbriata*  Borson 1821
*†*Astraea stellare*  Gmelin 1791
*†*[[Astraea stirps]]* Laws, 1932 
*†*Astraea tentoriiformis*  Jonas, 1844

; Các loài đồng nghĩa

*†*Astraea (Australium) rhodestoma*  Lamarck 1822: synonym of *[[Astralium rhodostomum]]* (Lamarck, 1822)
* *Astraea americana* (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of *[[Lithopoma americanum]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Astraea andersoni* (Smith, 1902): synonym of *[[Bolma andersoni]]* (Smith, 1902)
* *Astraea babelis* (P. Fischer, 1874): synonym of *[[Uvanilla babelis]]* (P. Fischer, 1874)
* *Astraea brevispina* (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of *[[Lithopoma brevispina]]* (Lamarck, 1822)
* *Astraea buschii* (Philippi, 1844): synonym of *[[Uvanilla buschii]]* (Philippi, 1844)
* *Astraea calcar* (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of *[[Astralium calcar]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)
* *Astraea cookii* (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of *[[Cookia sulcata]]* (Lightfoot, 1786)
* *Astraea cubanum* Philippi, 1849: synonym of *[[Lithopoma tectum]]* (Lightfoot, 1786) 
* *Astraea danieli* Alf & Kreipl, 2006: synonym of *[[Astralium danieli]]* (Alf & Kreipl, 2006)
* *Astraea dominicana* A. H. Verrill, 1950: synonym of *[[Lithopoma tuber]]* (Linnaeus, 1758) 
* *Astraea gilchristi* (G. B. Sowerby III, 1903): synonym of *[[Bolma bathyraphis]]* (E. A. Smith, 1899)
* *Astraea heimburgi* (Dunker, 1882): synonym of *[[Astralium heimburgi]]* (Dunker, 1882)
* *Astraea hokianga* Laws, 1948: synonym of *[[Bembicium hokianga]]* (Laws, 1948)
* *Astraea imbricata* (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of *[[Lithopoma tectum]]* (Lightfoot, 1786)
* *Astraea imbricatum* Gmelin, 1791: synonym of *[[Lithopoma tectum]]* (Lightfoot, 1786)
* *Astraea jacquelineae* Marche-Marchad, 1957: synonym of *[[Bolma jacquelineae]]* (Marche-Marchad, 1957)
* *Astraea johnstoni* (Odhner, 1923): synonym of *[[Bolma johnstoni]]* (Odhner, 1923)
* *Astraea lapidifera* Röding, 1798: synonym of *Xenophora (Xenophora) conchyliophora* (Born, 1780)
* *Astraea latispina* (Philippi, 1844): synonym of *[[Astralium latispina]]* (Philippi, 1844)
* *Astraea longispina* Lamarck, 1822: synonym of *[[Lithopoma phoebium]] longispina* (Lamarck, 1822)
* *Astraea milloni* B. Salvat, F. Salvat & Richard, 1973: synonym of *[[Astralium milloni]]* (B. Salvat, F. Salvat & Richard, 1973)
* *Astraea olfersii* (Philippi, 1846): synonym of *[[Lithopoma americanum]]* (Gmelin, 1791)
* *Astraea olivacea* (W. Wood, 1828): synonym of *[[Uvanilla olivacea]]* (W. Wood, 1828)
* *Astraea papillatum* Potiez & Michaud, 1838: synonym of *[[Lithopoma tectum]]* (Lightfoot, 1786)
* *Astraea persica* Dall, 1907: synonym of *[[Bolma persica]]* (Dall, 1907)
* *Astraea petrothauma* Berry, 1940: synonym of *[[Megastraea turbanica]]* (Dall, 1910)
* *Astraea phoebia* Röding, 1798: synonym of *[[Lithopoma phoebium]]* (Röding, 1798)
* *Astraea polaris* Röding, 1798: synonym of *[[Stellaria solaris]]* (Linnaeus, 1764)
* *Astraea rhodostoma* Lamarck, 1822: synonym of *[[Astralium rhodostomum]]* (Lamarck, 1822)
* *Astraea rugosa* (Linnaeus, 1767): synonym of *[[Bolma rugosa]]* (Linnaeus, 1767)
* *Astraea rupicollina* Stohler, 1959: synonym of *[[Megastraea turbanica]]* (Dall, 1910)
* *Astraea semicostata* (Kiener, 1850): synonym of *[[Astralium semicostatum]]* (Kiener, 1850)
* *Astraea sirius* Hedley, C., 1923: synonym of *[[Astralium tentoriiforme]]* (Jonas, 1845)
* *Astraea spirata* (Dall, 1911): synonym of *[[Pomaulax spiratus]]* (Dall, 1911)
* *Astraea sulcata* (Martyn, 1784): synonym of *[[Cookia sulcata]]* (Lightfoot, 1786)
* *Astraea tayloriana* (E. A. Smith, 1880): synonym of *[[Bolma tayloriana]]* (E. A. Smith, 1880)
* *Astraea tectum* Lightfoot, 1786: synonym of *[[Lithopoma tectum]]* (Lightfoot, 1786)
* *Astraea tuber* (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of *[[Lithopoma tuber]]* (Linnaeus, 1758) 
* *Astraea tuberosum*: synonym of *[[Astralium rhodostomum]]* (Lamarck, 1822)
* *Astraea undosa* (Wood, 1828): synonym for *[[Lithopoma undosum]]* (Wood, 1828)
* *Astraea unguis* (Wood, 1828): synonym of *[[Uvanilla unguis]]* (W. Wood, 1828)
* *Astraea venezuelensis* Flores & Caceres, 1984: synonym of *[[Lithopoma tuber]]* (Linnaeus, 1758)

## Hình ảnh

Tập tin:Archaea sp..jpg
Tập tin:Astraea sp. - operculum.jpg


## Chú thích

 
## Tham khảo

* Gofas, S.; Afonso, J.P.; Brandào, M. (Ed.). (S.a.). *Conchas e Moluscos de Angola = Coquillages et Mollusques d'Angola. [Shells and molluscs of Angola].* Universidade Agostinho / Elf Aquitaine Angola: Angola. 140 pp.
* Williams, S.T. (2007). *Origins and diversification of Indo-West Pacific marine fauna: evolutionary history and biogeography of turban shells (Gastropoda, Turbinidae).* Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 92, 573–592