Yafunu yareɛ

**Yafunu yareɛ** yɛ nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ bi a ɛyɛ yareɛ a ano yɛ den na ɛsane yɛ yareɛ a ano nnyɛ den.  Nea ɛde yafunu yareɛ ba no bi ne gastroenteritis ne irritable bowel syndrome. Nnipa bɛyɛ ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu du num na ɛwɔ tebea a ano yɛ den yi bi te sɛ appendicitis, leaking or ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, diverticulitis, anaasɛ nyinsɛn a abɔfra no kɔda awieeɛ no akyi. Nea ɛtɔ so mmiɛnsa a ɛde saa yareɛ no ba no mu nna hɔ. Yareɛ ahodoɔ bi nso bɛtumi de yafunu yareɛ aba, ɛkwan a yɛbɛfa so ayɛ nhwehwɛmu ahodoɔ afa obi ho wɔ ne nnidisoɔ so no nso hia.

Nhwehwɛmu Ahodoɔ

Nea Mpempii no ɛde yafunu yareɛ ba yɛ gastroenteritis (13%), irritable bowel syndrome (8%), dwonsɔ mu haw (5%), inflammation of the stomach (5%) and ayamtim (5%). Ɔhaw no mu ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduasa mu no, wɔnhunu nea ɛde ba.Ɛmu ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu du yɛ nea ɛde ba no ano yɛ den a gallbladder (gallstones or biliary dyskinesia) or pancreas problems (4%), diverticulitis (3%), appendicitis (2%) ne kokoram ka ho (1%). Deɛ ɛtaa ba wɔn a wanyini so no bi neischemic colitis, mesenteric ischemia, ne abdominal aortic aneurysms ne afoforɔ a ɛyɛ hu.

Yafunu yareɛ a ano yɛ den

Yafunu yareɛ a ano yɛ den no yɛya,ɛba toatoa so a gyesɛ yɛyɛ wo opirehan de si ano kwan. Ɛteɛ ne hwene a ɔsane , abdominal distention,tiridii ne Birim bɔ tumi de yaw no ba. Tebea baako a yɛtaa hunu paa ne appendicitis a ano yɛ den..

Nea ɛdeba no bi ne

* Traumatic: blunt or perforating trauma to the stomach, bowel, spleen, brɛboɔ anaa sawa
* Inflammatory:
** Nsa yadeɛ bi te sɛ appendicitis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, pyelonephritis, Peritonitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, hepatitis, mesenteric adenitis, anaasɛ a subdiaphragmatic abscess
** Perforation of a peptic ulcer, a diverticulum, or the caecum
** Complications of inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis
* Mechanical:
** Small bowel obstruction secondary to adhesions caused by previous surgeries, intussusception, hernias, benign or malignant neoplasms
** Large bowel obstruction caused by colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, volvulus, fecal impaction or hernia
* Vascular: occlusive intestinal ischemia, usually caused by thromboembolism of the superior mesenteric artery

### By system
Nnoɔma pii a ɛde ba no nso bi ne

* Gastrointestinal
** GI tract
*** Inflammatory: gastroenteritis, appendicitis, gastritis, esophagitis, diverticulitis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, microscopic colitis
*** Obstruction: hernia, intussusception, volvulus, post-surgical adhesions, tumors, severe constipation, hemorrhoids
*** Vascular: embolism, thrombosis, hemorrhage, sickle cell disease, abdominal angina, blood vessel compression (te sɛ celiac artery compression syndrome), superior mesenteric artery syndrome, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
*** Digestive: peptic ulcer, lactose intolerance, celiac disease, food allergies, indigestion
** Glands
*** Bile system
**** Inflammatory: cholecystitis, cholangitis
**** Obstruction: cholelithiasis, tumours
*** Brɛboɔ 
**** Inflammatory: hepatitis, liver abscess
*** Pancreatic
**** Inflammatory: pancreatitis
* Renal and urological
** Inflammation: pyelonephritis, bladder infection
** Obstruction: kidney stones, urolithiasis, urinary retention, tumours
** Vascular: left renal vein entrapment
* Gynaecological or obstetric
** Inflammatory: pelvic inflammatory disease
** Mechanical: ovarian torsion
** Endocrinological: menstruation, Mittelschmerz
** Tumors: endometriosis, fibroids, ovarian cyst, ovarian cancer
** Pregnancy: ruptured ectopic pregnancy, threatened abortion
* Abdominal wall
** muscle strain or trauma
** muscular infection
** neurogenic pain: herpes zoster, radiculitis in Lyme disease, abdominal cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES), tabes dorsalis
* Referred pain
** from the thorax: pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, ischemic heart disease, pericarditis
** from the spine: radiculitis
** from the genitals: testicular torsion
* Metabolic disturbance
** uremia, diabetic ketoacidosis, porphyria, C1-esterase inhibitor deficiency, adrenal insufficiency, lead poisoning, black widow spider bite, narcotic withdrawal
* Blood vessels
** aortic dissection, abdominal aortic aneurysm
* Immune system
** sarcoidosis
** vasculitis
** familial Mediterranean fever
* Idiopathic
** irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)(affecting up to 20% of the population, IBS is the most common cause of recurrent and intermittent abdominal pain)
**

### Baabi a ɛwɔ
Baabi a yafunu yareɛ no wɔ no bɛtumi ama yɛahunu nea ɛde baeɛ. Yafunu no mu bɛtumi akyɛ nnan a yɛfrɛ no quadrants. Locations ne associated conditions a ɛno ne:

* Diffuse
** Peritonitis
** Vascular: mesenteric ischemia, ischemic colitis, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, sickle cell disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa
** Small bowel obstruction
** Irritable bowel syndrome
** Metabolic disorders: ketoacidosis, porphyria, familial Mediterranean fever, adrenal crisis
* Epigastric
** Heart: myocardial infarction, pericarditis
** Stomach: gastritis, stomach ulcer, stomach cancer
** Pancreas: pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer
** Intestinal: duodenal ulcer, diverticulitis, appendicitis
* Right upper quadrant
** Liver: hepatomegaly, fatty liver, hepatitis, liver cancer, abscess
** Gallbladder and biliary tract: inflammation, gallstones, worm infection, cholangitis
** Colon: bowel obstruction, functional disorders, gas accumulation, spasm, inflammation, colon cancer
** Other: pneumonia, Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
* Left upper quadrant
** Splenomegaly
** Colon: bowel obstruction, functional disorders, gas accumulation, spasm, inflammation, colon cancer
* Peri-umbilical (the area around the umbilicus, aka the belly button)
** Appendicitis
** Pancreatitis
** Inferior myocardial infarction
** Peptic ulcer
** Diabetic ketoacidosis
** Vascular: aortic dissection, aortic rupture
** Bowel: mesenteric ischemia, Celiac disease, inflammation, intestinal spasm, functional disorders, small bowel obstruction
* Lower abdominal pain
** Diarrhea
** Colitis
** Crohn's
** Dysentery
** Hernia
* Right lower quadrant
** Colon: intussusception, bowel obstruction, appendicitis (McBurney's point)
** Renal: kidney stone (nephrolithiasis), pyelonephritis
** Pelvic: cystitis, bladder stone, bladder cancer, pelvic inflammatory disease, pelvic pain syndrome
** Gynecologic: endometriosis, intrauterine pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cyst, ovarian torsion, fibroid (leiomyoma), abscess, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer
* Left lower quadrant
** Bowel: diverticulitis, sigmoid colon volvulus, bowel obstruction, gas accumulation, Toxic megacolon
* Right low back pain
** Liver: hepatomegaly
** Kidney: kidney stone (nephrolithiasis), complicated urinary tract infection
* Left low back pain
** Spleen
** Kidney: kidney stone (nephrolithiasis), complicated urinary tract infection
* Low back pain
** kidney pain (kidney stone, kidney cancer, hydronephrosis)
** Ureteral stone pain

## Beaɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ