Babasoweremfoɔ

Babasoweremfoɔ yɛ yareɛ a yɛ nnipa nkwa mmoa a ɛbɔ ne ho ban no. Saa yareɛ yi wɔfrɛ no *Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)* wɔ Borɔfo Kasa mu. Yareɛ yi taa tu n'ani si mogya mu nkwammoa fitaa no so na ɛno ahoɔden a ɛwɔ no so te. Yei ma nipa a wɔkɔ saa tebea yi mu yareyare ntɛm. Yareɛ yi, barɔso a *yɛfrɛ no Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)* na ɛde ba.

Yareɛ yi ho nyɛ nna koraa wɔ Abibire aman pii mu ɛnkanka wɔ mmabun fam no. Yei nyɛ wanwa koraa ɛfiri sɛ ɔman a yɛfrɛ no Congo kuro a yɛfrɛ no Kinshasa mu na wɔhunuu yareɛ yi kan.  Wɔhuu barɔso yi wɔ ɔbarima bi a na wɔawu mogya mu wɔ afe 1959 mu.

Sɛ yɛde Ghana bɛyɛ nhwɛsoɔ a, nnipa 354 927 ne akyire na wɔaka sɛ wɔanya yareɛ yi bi na wɔ afe 2022 mu no deɛ, wɔsusuu sɛ nnipa 16,574 na wɔbɛnya yareɛ yi bi. Seisei deɛ, wɔka sɛ nnipa ɔha nyɛmu baako akyiripɔ nsia na yareɛ yi wɔwɔ bi. Yareɛ yi firi aseɛ sɛ ɛretrɛ no, nnipa bɛyɛ ɔpepepem aduanan akyiri pɔ nnan (40,400,000) na yareɛ yi akum wɔn.

Saa yareɛ yi, sɛ obi tenatena ho na sɛ wɔansɔ ano a, ɔnya yareɛ a yɛfrɛ no AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome).

## Nsɛnkyerɛnne ahodoɔ a ɛda ɛdi
Nsɛnkyerɛnne ahodoɔ a ɔda ɛdi a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya babasowerɛmfoɔ yareɛ yi gyina ɔyarefoɔno tebea so. Yareɛ yi taa yi ne ho adi wɔ abosome kakra ntam na ɛsiane sɛ nnipa pii no ara adwene nkc so ntɛm nti, wɔhunu yareɛ yi berɛ ne tebea no ayɛ den no. Nnwatwe kakra a obi de bɛnya bi no deɛ, nsɛkyerɛnne no mu biara nni hɔ ɛbɛyi ne ho nanso wɔ ɛbinom fam deɛ, nsɛnkyerɛnne bi te sɛ tipae, nsaasaa, menemyaw ne yarefufuo. Sɛ yareɛ no tena obi ho kyɛ a, ɛte ne nkwammoa a ɛko tia yareɛ no ahoɔden so. Yei nti nsɛnkyerɛnne ahodoɔ bi te sɛ dwoa tweɛ, yarefufuo, ɛwa, ayamtuo ne soteɛ.

## Sɛdeɛ yareɛ yi trɛ
Babasoweremfoɔ yareɛ yi nam akwan ahodoɔ so na ɛtrɛ. Akwan no bi ne sɛ wo ne obi a wɔnya bi bɛnya nna a ahobammɔ biara nni mu kyɛfa anaa sɛ ne ho nsuo te sɛ mogya, nufusuo, barima ho nsuo anaa ɔbaa ase nsuo bɛdi ahyiam na ɛnyɛ mfeano, atuu yɛ ne nneɛma a afoforɔ susu sɛ ɛno na wɔnam so trɛ yareɛ yi. 

## Nneɛma a obi yɛ a ɛbɛma wɔanya bi
Nneɛma ahodoɔ pii na sɛ obi yɛ ɛbɛma wɔnya babasowerɛmfoɔ yareɛ yi bi. Saa nneɛma yi bi na ɛdidisoɔ yi.

* Sɛ obi a ɔnni bi ne obi ɔwɔ bi nya nna mu kyɛfa berɛ wɔmfa nna mu ahobammɔdeɛ (condom) mmɔ wɔn ho ban.

* Sɛ obi wɔ nna mu yareɛ bi te sɛ babasonini, babaso, babasokraman, klamidia ne mmaa yareɛ a yɛfrɛ no bacterial vaginosis no a, ɛbɛyɛ mmerɛ sɛ ɔbɛnya yareɛ yi bi.
* sɛ obi de nneɛma a babasowerɛmfoɔ yarefoɔ bi de ahyɛ n'anom, awɔ ne ho anaa sɛ atwe ne mogya ne nneɛma a ɛtete saa bɛdi dwuma.

## Ɛkwan a wɔfa so hu sɛ obi anya bi
Wɔnam abɛɛfo ayaresa nhwehwɛmiu kwan so na ɛhu sɛ obi anya yareɛ yi bi. Wɔyɛ saa nhwehwɛmu yi mpɛn pii ansa na wɔhu sɛ obi anya yareɛ yi bi. Afei nso, ankorankorɛ biara bɛtumi de deɛ yɛfrɛ no babasowerɛmfoɔ ankorankorɛ nhwehwɛmudeɛ (HIV self-test) no ayɛ nhwehwɛmu ahu sɛ obi anya yareɛ yi bi. 

## Ɔkwan a yɛfa so si ano
Babasowerɛfoɔ yɛ yareɛ yɛtumi si ano ankasa. Akwan ahodoɔ a wɔfa so si yareɛ yi ano bi ne sɛ,

* wode nna mu ahobanmmɔdeɛ (condom) bɛbɔ wo ho ban berɛ a wone obi a ɔnyɛ wo hokafoɔ renya nna mu kyɛfa no.
* wobɛyɛ wo ho nhwehwɛmu mpɛn pii de ahwɛ sɛ wɔɛnya yareɛ no bi na ama wɔatumi asɔ ano ntɛm.
* wobɛhwɛ sɛ woremfa nneɛma a babasowerɛfoc yarefoɔ bi de ahyɛ n'anom, wɔ ne ho anaa biribi a ɛte saa bɛdi dwuma.

## Ɔkwan a wɔfa so sa saa yareɛ yi
Mprenpren yi deɛ, yɛnni yareɛ yi ano aduro nanso yɛ wɔ akwan ahodoɔ yɛfa so sɔ ano. Ɔkwan titire a yɛfa so sɔ yareɛ yi ano ne sɛ ɔyarefoc no de ne ho bɛhyɛ deɛ yɛfrɛ no [antiretroviral therapy (ART)](https://www.paho.org/en/topics/antiretroviral-therapy#:~:text=Antiretroviral%20therapy%20(ART)%20is%20treatment,HAART)%20that%20suppress%20HIV%20replication.) ayaresa mu. Wɔka nnwuro ahodoɔ bi yɛfrɛ no Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy" anaa HAART ɛbom wɔ saa yareɛ yi nsɔano mu.Saa ayaresa kwan yi bɔ ayarefoɔ no ho ban firi dɛm a akɛseɛ akɛseɛ a yarɛ yi bɛtumi akɔ fa aba na ɛsane nso boa wɔn ma wɔnyini kyɛ. Afei nso, ɛboa mma apemfoɔ a wɔwɔ saa yareɛ yi bi no mmfa nsaa wɔn mma a wɔhyɛ yafunu mu no. 

Akwan foforɔ a wɔfa so bɔ obi ho ban firi yareɛ yi ho ne sɛ obi a ɔnni yareɛ yi bi bɛnom aduro a yɛfrɛ no [pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)](https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/prep/index.html#:~:text=Pre%2Dexposure%20prophylaxis%20(or%20PrEP,use%20by%20at%20least%2074%25.). Saa aduro yi bɛbɔ ne ho ban afiri yareɛ yi ho. Ɔkwan foforɔ a obi bɛtuimi abɔ ne ho ban afiri yareɛ yi ne sɛ ɔbɛnom aduro yɛfrɛ no post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) ntɛm (bɛyɛ nnɔhwere aduoson mmienu 72 hrs anaa nna mmieɛnsa ntam) berɛ a ɔne babasowerɛmfoɔ ho nsuo no bi adi ahyiam no.

## Baabi a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ