Ama Ata Aidoo

**Ama Ata Aidoo**, *née* **Christina Ama Aidoo** (wɔwoo no ɔbɛnim bosome no da a ɛtɔ so aduonu mmiensa (23 March) wɔ afe apem ahankron aduanan mmienu mu (1942) yɛ Ghanani ɔkyerɛwfo, anwensɛm kyerɛwfo, agorukyerɛwfo ne nhomanimfo. Na ɔyɛ Nhomasua soafo wɔ Jerry Rawlings nniso ase. Wɔ afe mpem mmienu (2000) mu no, ɔhyehyɛɛ Mbaasem Foundation sɛ ɛbɛhyɛ Afrikafoɔ mmaa akyerɛwfoɔ adwuma ho nkuran na wɔaboa.

## Mfitiase asetra
Wɔwoo Aidoo wɔ  ɔbɛnim bosome no da a ɛtɔ so aduonu mmiensa (23 March) wɔ  afe apem ahankron aduanan mmienu mu (1942) wɔ Saltpond wɔ Central Region of Ghana . Nsɛm bi a ɛka ho ne Megan Behrent, Brown University, ne *Africa Who's Who* aka sɛ wɔwoo no wɔ 31 March 1940. Na ɔwɔ onuabarima a ɔyɛ mmanoma, Kwame Ata.

Wɔtetee no wɔ Fante adehye fie, Nana Yaw Fama, Abeadzi Kyiakor panyin, ne Maame Abasema babea. Onyinii wɔ bere a na Britaniafo atubrafo foforo a wɔresan aba bio a na ɛrekɔ so wɔ ne kurom no mu. Atubrafo foforo na wokum ne nana, na ɛmaa ne papa huu hia a ɛho hia sɛ wɔkyerɛkyerɛ mmofra ne mmusua a wɔwɔ akuraa no ase no abakɔsɛm ne nsɛm a esisii wɔ bere no mu no so. Eyi maa obuee sukuu a edi kan wɔ wɔn akuraa ase na onyaa Aidoo so nkɛntɛnso ma ɔkɔ Wesley Girls’ High School, faako a odii kan sii gyinae sɛ ɔpɛ sɛ ɔyɛ ɔkyerɛwfo no.

## Nwomasua
Aidoo kɔɔ **Wesley Girls’ Senior High Schoo**l wɔ Cape Coast, fi afe apem ahankron aduosia baako (1961) kosi afe apem ahankron aduosia nan (1964) mu. Owiee ntoaso sukuu no, ɔde ne din kɔhyɛɛ Ghana Suapɔn mu, Legon baabi a onyaa abodin krataa a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔyɛ Bachelor of Arts wɔ Borɔfo kasa mu na ɔsan nso kyerɛw n’agoru a edi kan, *The Dilemma of a Ghost*, wɔ afe 1964. Longman na otintim agoru no afe a edi hɔ no, na ɛmaa Aidoo bɛyɛɛ Afrikani bea drama kyerɛwfo a odi kan a wotintimii.

## Adwuma
Wɔpaw Ama sɛ Nhomasua soafo wɔ Bere tiaa mu Ɔman Bammɔ Bagua no ase wɔ afe 1982 mu. Ogyaee adwuma wɔ asram 18 akyi, na ohui sɛ ɔrentumi nni ne botae a ɛne sɛ ɔbɛma nhomasua wɔ Ghana ayɛ nea obiara betumi anya bi no ho. Wayɛ dwuma a Afrika mmea di wɔ nnɛyi asetra mu ho mfonini. Ɔanya adwene sɛ nnansa yi akannifo de ɔmampɛ ho adwene no adi dwuma sɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so hyɛ nkurɔfo so. Wakasa atia saa Afrikafo a wonim akenkan ne akyerɛw a wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔdɔ wɔn man nanso mfaso horow a ɛwɔ aman a wɔanya nkɔso mu no daadaa wɔn no. Ogye Afrikafo nipasu soronko bi di, na ofi ɔbea adwene mu bu no.

Ɔyɛɛ adwuma wɔ United States, faako a onyaa fekubɔ bi wɔ adebɔ ho nkyerɛwee mu wɔ Stanford Sukuupɔn, California .  Ɔsan nso yɛɛ nhwehwɛmufo wɔ Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, ne sɛ Borɔfo kasa ho ɔkyerɛkyerɛfo wɔ University of Cape Coast, na awiei koraa no ɔforo kɔɔ hɔ koduu ɔbenfo dibea.

Ɔde bere pii nso akyerɛkyerɛ na watra amannɔne asram pii wɔ bere koro mu. Ɔtenaa United States, Britain, Germany ne Zimbabwe .

Wɔ London wɔ 1986 mu no, ɔmaa Walter Rodney Visions of Africa ɔkasa a kuw a wɔboa Bogle-L’Ouverture nhoma tintim adwumakuw no hyehyɛe no. Aidoo kyerɛɛ Engiresi kasa adesua ahorow wɔ Hamilton College wɔ Clinton New York, wɔ afe apem ahankron aduokron (1990) mfe no mfinimfini mfiase. Mprempren ɔyɛ ɔbenfo nsrahwɛfo wɔ Africana Adesua Dwumadibea a ɛwɔ Brown Sukuupɔn mu .

Aidoo yɛ Etisalat Nkonimdie a ɛfa Nwoma ho (a ɔka Dele Olojede, Ellah Wakatama Allfrey, Margaret Busby, Sarah Ladipo Manyika ne Zakes Mda ), a wɔbɔɔ no afe 2013 sɛ atenaeɛ ma Afrikafoɔ akyerɛwfoɔ a wɔkyerɛw ayɛsɛm nwoma a ɛdi kan no. Ɔnyaa Fulbright Scholarship abasobɔdeɛ wɔ afe 1988 mu ne Mbari press asɛm tiawa nkonimboɔ.

## Sini
Ɔyɛ asɛmti wɔ afe mpem mmienu ne du nan (2014) documentary sini bi, *The Art of Ama Ata Aidoo*, a Yaba Badoe yɛe no mu.

## Nkyerɛwee ahorow
Aidoo agodie ahorow no bi ne *The Dilemma of a Ghost*, a wɔyɛe wɔ Legon wɔ 1964 (wɔdii kan tintimii wɔ 1965) ne Pittsburgh wɔ 1988 mu, ne *Anowa*, a wotintimii wɔ 1971 mu na wɔyɛɛ no London wɔ 1991 mu.

N’ayɛsɛm nhoma ahorow no ka ɔhaw a ɛda Atɔe Famfo ne Afrika wiase adwene ntam no ho asɛm titiriw. Wotintim n’ayɛsɛm a edi kan, *Our Sister Killjoy*, wɔ 1977 mu na ɛda so ara yɛ ne nhoma ahorow a agye din sen biara no mu biako. Ɛda nsow sɛ ɛkyerɛ adwene a ɛne ne ho nhyia wɔ nna ho wɔ Afrika ne titiriw no LGBT wɔ Afrika . Bere a adwene biako a agye din wɔ asasepɔn no so ne sɛ mmarima a wɔne wɔn ho da yɛ ahɔho wɔ Afrika, na ɛyɛ Atɔe Famfo amammerɛ ho adwene ahorow a wɔde hyɛ "Abibifo" amammerɛ a ɛho tew, a efi awosu mu a ɛfa mmarima a wɔne wɔn ho da ho no, Aidoo yɛ *Killjoy* nipa titiriw no ho mfonini sɛ ɔde ne ho hyɛ mmea a wɔne wɔn ho da ho nsusuwii hunu a n’ankasa yɛ mu, ne abusuabɔ a ayamhyehye wom a wɔne mmea a wɔne mmea da a wɔbɛkɔ so akura mu.

Aidoo nnipa atitiriw afoforo pii nso yɛ mmea a wɔsɔre tia mmea dwumadi ahorow a na wɔtaa yɛ wɔ wɔn bere so no, te sɛ nea ɛwɔ n’agoru *Anowa* mu no. N’ayɛsɛm *Changes* nyaa 1992 Commonwealth Akyerɛwfo Nkonimdi a Ɛfa Nhoma a Ɛsen Biara (Afrika) ho. Ɔsan yɛ anwensɛm kyerɛwfo a ne ho akokwaw —ne nhoma a ɔboaboaa ano *Someone Talking to Sometime* nyaa Nelson Mandela Prize for Poetry wɔ 1987 mu  —na wakyerɛw mmofra nhoma pii .

Ɔde asɛm "To be a woman" boaa 1984 nhoma a wɔaboaboa ano *Sisterhood Is Global: The International Women's Movement Anthology*, a Robin Morgan na ɔhyehyɛɛ no. N'asɛm "Two Sisters" pue wɔ 1992 nhoma a wɔaboaboa ano *Daughters of Africa*, a Margaret Busby na ɔhyehyɛɛ no mu.

Wɔ afe 2000 mu no ɔhyehyɛɛ Mbaasem Foundation, ahyehyɛdeɛ a ɛnyɛ aban de a ɛwɔ Ghana a n'adwuma ne sɛ "ɛbɛboa Afrika mmaa akyerɛwfoɔ ne wɔn adwiniyɛ mu nkɔsoɔ ne wɔn nkɔsoɔ", a ɔne ne babaa Kinna  bom di so  ne adwumayɛfo bagua bi.

Aidoo yɛ afe 2006 nhoma a wɔaboaboa ano a wɔfrɛ no *African Love Stories* no samufo . Wɔ afe mpem mmienu ne du mmienu (2012) mu no, ɔde Diplomatic Pounds & Other Stories a ɛyɛ nsɛm ntiantiaa a wɔaboaboa ano ne foforo a ɛyɛ nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw a akyerɛwfo a wɔagye din wɔ Ghana, Afrika ne Afrika Atubrafo .

## Abasobɔde ne agyede a wɔde ma
Aidoo anya abasobɔde ahorow pii a afe apem ahankron aduokron mmienu (1992) Commonwealth Writers’ Prize for Best Book (Africa) ka ho wɔ n’ayɛsɛm *Changes* .

Wɔde Aidoo-Snyder nhoma nkonimbo a Mmea Kuw a ɛwɔ Afrika Adesua Fekuw no de ma wɔ nhoma a ɛda nsow a ɔbea bi tintim a ɛde Afrika mmea osuahu ahorow di kan no din de ahyɛ Ama Ata Aidoo ne Margaret C. Snyder, a ɔhyehyɛɛ no no anuonyam UNIFEM kwankyerɛfo .

Wɔde Ama Ata Aidoo Center for Creative Writing (Aidoo Centre), a ɛwɔ Kojo Yankah Sukuu a ɛhwɛ Nkitahodi Adesua so wɔ Afrika Sukuupɔn Nkitahodi Sukuu (AUCC) a ɛwɔ Adabraka, Accra, a ɛwɔ Adabraka, Accra, no ase wɔ Oforisuo 2017 mu no, wɔtoo din de hyɛɛ no  —mfinimfini a edi kan a ɛte saa wɔ Afrika Atɔe fam, a Nii Ayikwei Parkes na ɔyɛ ne kwankyerɛfo.

## Nnwuma a wɔapaw

* *Ahonhommɔne bi a ɛyɛ den* (agoru), Accra: Longman, 1965. New York: Macmillan, 1971, ne nea ɔkyerɛwee.
* *Anowa* (agoru a egyina Ghana anansesɛm bi so), London: Longman, 1970. New York: Nnipa Ho Nsɛmma Nhoma Tintimbea, 1970.
* *No Sweetness Here: Nsɛm ntiantiaa a Wɔaboaboa Ano*, Longman, 1970.
* *Yɛn Nuabea Killjoy: anaasɛ Nsusuwii a efi Aniwa Tuntum mu* (ayɛsɛm), Longman, 1977.
* *Obi a Ɔne Bere Bi Rekasa* (anwensɛm a wɔaboaboa ano), Harare: College Press, 1986.
* *Ɔkɔre ne Nkokɔ ne Nsɛm Afoforo* (ma mmofra), Tana Press, 1986.
* *Nnomaa ne Anwensɛm Afoforo*, Harare: College Press, 1987.
* *Krataa a Ɛyɛ Abufuw wɔ January mu* (anwensɛm), Dangaroo Press, 1992.
* *Nsakrae: Ɔdɔ ho Asɛm* (ayɛsɛm), Mmea Nsɛmma Nhoma, 1991.
* *Abeawa a Otumi ne Nsɛm Afoforo*, Heinemann African Writers Series, 1997.
* *Diplomatic Pounds & Nsɛm Afoforo*, Ayebia Clarke Nhoma Tintim, 2012.

#### Sɛ́ samufo no
*Afrika Ɔdɔ Ho Nsɛm: Nsɛm a Wɔaboaboa Ano*, ''Afrika Ɔdɔ Ho Nsɛm: Nsɛm a Wɔaboaboa Ano'', Ayebia Clarke Publishing, 2006.

## Akenkan a ɛkɔ akyiri

* Aditya Misra, "Owuo a Ɛyɛ Ahodwiriw: Bɔbeasu ne Tumi Nkɔso wɔ Ama Ata Aidoo Anowa mu". *Drama Adesua Ho Nsɛmma Nhoma*, Po 1, kratafa 100. 6, No. 1, 2012, kr. 81–91 na ɛwɔ hɔ.
* Anne V. Adams (a ɔkyerɛwee. ), *Essays in Honor of Ama Ata Aidoo at 70: Ɔkenkanfo bi wɔ Afrika Amammerɛ Ho Adesua* mu . Ayebia Clarke Nsɛmma Nhoma Tintimbea, 2012.
* Ada Uzoamaka Azodo ne G. Wilentz, *Adwene a Ɛrepue wɔ Ama Ata Aidoo* ho, Afrika Nhwehwɛmu & Nwoma, 1999.
* Vincent O. Odamtten, *Ama Ata Aidoo Adwinni: Polylectics ne Akenkan a Ɛko Tia Neocolonialism* . Florida Sukuupɔn Nsɛmma Nhoma Tintimbea, 1994.
* Esther Pujolràs-Noguer, *Afrikafo (Auto) asetra ho nsɛm.* *Ama Ata Aidoo Nwoma Ahwehwɛdeɛ: Anwonwadeɛ, ɔman ne atetesɛm*, Lap Lambert Academic Publishing, 2012.
* Nafeesah Allen, "Nkitahodi a wɔne Atubrafo yɛ: Nsɛmbisa a wɔne Ama Ata Aidoo yɛe", *Scholar & Feminist Online*, 2009.

## Nsɛm a wɔde gyinaa so