Asrafo Amammuo

**Asrafoɔ Amammuo** anaa asraafo atɛntrenee (anaasɛ asraafo mmara) yɛ mmara ne akwan ahodoɔ a asrafo fa so di amanfoɔ so wɔ ɔman mu. Aman-aman pii wɔ mmara nhyehyɛeɛ ahodoɔ a ɛsono ɛmu biara a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wɔn asraafo dɔm no mu foɔ yɛ wɔn ade. Aman binom de atemmu ne nhyehyɛeɛ afoforo di dwuma de hyɛ saa mmara ahodoɔ no mu den, bere a afoforo de ɔmanfo atemmu nhyehyɛe ahodoɔ di dwuma. Mmara mu nsɛm a ɛyɛ soronko wɔ asraafo atɛntrenee ho ne nhyehyɛeɛ pa ne nteɛso a wɔbɛkora so, ahyɛde ahodoɔ  a wɔde ma wɔ mmara kwan so, ne abrabɔ a ɛfata a asraafo mu foɔ bɛyɛ. Aman binom ma wɔn asraafo atɛntrenee nhyehyɛeɛ ahodoɔ no tumi di ɔmanfo mfomso ahodoɔ a wɔn asraafo di wɔ tebea ahodoɔ bi mu no ho dwuma.

Asraafo atɛntrenee yɛ soronko wɔ asraafo mmara a ɛyɛ asraafo tumi a wɔde hyɛ ɔmanfoɔ a wɔnyɛ asraafo so sɛ nea wɔde bɛsi ɔmanfo tumi ananmu no ho, na wɔtaa paeɛ mu ka wɔ bere a egye ntɛmpɛ, ɔko, anaa ɔmanfo basabasayɛ mu. Aman dodoɔ no ara to bere ne ɔkwan a wɔbɛfa so de asraafo mmara ato dwa na wɔde adi dwuma no ano hye.

## Canada Asraafoɔ
Canada Asrafo(CAhasa Forces) Ahyɛdeɛ nyinaa (kyerɛ sɛ, Royal Canada Po so Asraafoɔ, Canada Asraafoɔ, "Royal Canada Air Force", "Canada Joint Operations Command," ne "Canada Special Operations Forces Command) "no, Ɔman Bammɔ Mmara (NDA) na ɛdi so titire. NDAs no nkyekyɛmu 12 ma  no tumi wɔ agyinatukuo no a ɔbɛhyehyɛ Ɔhemmaa no Mmara ne Ahyɛdeɛ (QR&Os) no mu. QR&O ahodoɔ no yɛ mmara a ɛwɔ ase a ɛwɔ mmara tumi. Esiane sɛ nnyinasosɛm a ɛne sɛ  "delegatus non-potest delegare"no nnyaa gyinabea a ɛyɛ katee wɔ Canada nti, QR&O ahodoɔ no ma asraafo mpanyimfo afoforo tumi sɛ wɔmfa ahyɛde ahodoɔ a ɛwɔ dibea a ɛte saa ara, nanso ɛnyɛ pɛ, mma. Wɔbɛtumi ahu saa nnwinnadeɛ yi wɔ Canada Asraafo Adwumayɛ Ahyɛde ne "Defense" Adwumayɛ Ahyɛde ne Akwankyerɛ mu; wɔde di dwuma sɛ akwankyerɛ ma atumfoɔ a wɔwɔ CF no mu sɛ wɔnhwɛ Asraafoɔ no da biara da nsusuiɛ so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔahyehyɛ asraafo mpanyimfo a wɔkɔ asraafo kɔlege na wɔhyɛ mmara a ɛfata kɛse ma wɔn adesua mu nkonimdi sen nteɛso a wɔde bɛdi dwuma, sɛnea ebia wɔbɛhwɛ kwan afi asɔremma a wɔatete wɔn koraa no hɔ no. Po IV, Nkyekyɛm 6.1 a ɛwɔ Ɔhemmaa no Mmara ne Ahyɛde a ɛfa Canada Asraafo Kɔlege ahodoɔ (QR Canmilcols) ho no fa ho.

ɔtemmufo panyin bi a ɔhwɛ mmara so (JAG) adi Canada asraafo mmara baa dwumadibea no anim fii bere a Wiase Ko I reba no. Baa dwumadibea no kyerɛ Canada Asraafo no ankasa mmara a ɛwɔ mu ne nea ɛwɔ Ɔsom Nteɛso Mmara mu, ne amanaman ntam ne nnipa mmoa ho mmara ne ɔko ho mmara nso ase, te sɛ Geneva Apam ahodoɔ no. Wɔ Canada nneyɛeɛ mu no, akode a wɔde ko yɛ tebea a wɔahyɛ ho mmara denneennen na mmaranimfo yɛ nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛkɔ adwumayɛ ho gyinaesi ahodoɔ mu no fa titiriw. Asraafo Mmara Asoɛeɛ a ɛwɔ "Royal Military College of Canada" asase so a asraafo mmaranimfo na wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ no hwɛ asraafo mpanyimfo ne asraafo nwomasua so wɔ mmara mu nsɛm mu, ɛtete asraafo mmaranimfo na wotu Ottawa fo wɔ nhyehyɛeɛ ne nkyerɛkyerɛ ho nsɛm ho. Wɔde mmara ho adesua aka ntetee a CF asɔremma nya daa no ho.https://web.archive.org/web/20090709065047/http://www.thewhig.com/ArticleDisplay.aspx?e=799178&auth=Ian+Elliot

## Finland na ɛwɔ hɔ

## Tumi a Wɔde Di Dwuma
Finland asraafo mmara no fa Finland Bammɔ Asraafo ne Finland Ɔhye so Awɛmfo no mu foɔ ho. Asraafo tumidie no ka asraafo nyinaa ho: wɔn a wɔagye wɔn akɔ sraadi, sukuufo a wɔretete wɔn ho ama asraafo dibea a wɔtua wɔn ka, mmea a wɔfiri wɔn pɛ mu som ne asraafo a wotua wɔn ka. Nanso, asraafo asɔfo nni nsɛmmɔnedifo asraafo tumidie akyi.[2]: "S 4 Reservists" yɛ asraafo tumidi no mufo bere a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu anaasɛ wɔmpɛ sɛ wɔyɛ adwuma no. Asraafo tumidie no firii ase firi bere a obi bɔ amanneɛ sɛ ɔreyɛ adwuma anaasɛ na ɛsɛ sɛ ɔbɔ amanneɛ wɔ adwuma mu na ɛkɔ so kosi bere a wɔayi onipa no afi adwuma mu na sɛ ɛba sɛ obi a wɔagye no akɔ sraadi ne asraafo a wɔakora wɔn so a wɔmpɛ a, wafi asraafo beae no nso. Wɔ ɔko bere mu no, ɔmanfo a wɔnyɛ asraafo a wɔsom wɔ "Defence Forces" anaa ɔmanfo ahyehyɛde ahodoɔ  a wɔde ahyɛ "Defense Forces" akwankyerɛ ase nso wɔ asraafo tumidi ase. https://web.archive.org/web/20230726163208/https://finlex.fi/fi/laki/alkup/2000/20001153 : SS1–2 [3]: SS 45:27–28 Atamfo ɔko mu nneduafo hwe Finland asraafo tumi ase bere a wɔde wɔn agu afiase no.[3]: 28

### Asraafo Nsɛmmɔnedi
Sɛnea ɛte wɔ Germany no, nnipa a wɔwɔ asraafo tumi ase no wɔ ɔmanfo nsɛmmɔnedi ho mmara a wɔtaa de di dwuma no ase. Asraafo nsɛmmɔnedi ho mmara, asotwe mmara no Ti a ɛto so 45 no, ka nsɛmmɔnedi a asraafo nkutoo wɔbɛtumi ayɛ nkutoo ho. Eyinom mu nea ɛho hia sen biara ne "ɔsom mu nsɛmmɔnedi" ahodoɔ (Finnish: palvelusrikos) a ɛka ahyɛde ne nhyehyɛe ahodoɔ a wofiri wɔn pɛ mu yɛ na wɔyɛ anibiannaso nyinaa ho, "awɛmfo nsɛmmɔnedi" (Finnish: vartiorikos), a ɛka nneyɛeɛ bɔne biara a wɔyɛ bere a wɔreyɛ awɛmfo adwuma, akwamma a wonni (Finnish: luvaton poissaolo), desertion (Finnish: sotilaskarkuruus), akwanhoroɔ a ɛyɛ asoɔden a wɔyɛ tia wɔn a wɔkorɔn, dibea bi a wɔde di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so sɛ wɔkorɔn ne suban a ɛmfata mma asraafo (Finnish: sotilaalle sopimaton käyttäytyminen). Nsɛmmɔnedi afoforo gyina ɔmanfo mmara a wɔtaa de di dwuma so. https://web.archive.org/web/20151017043631/http://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/1889/18890039001 : Ch. 45. Ɔde ne nsa kyerɛɛ ne so

Asraafoɔ wɔ tumi sɛ wɔhwehwɛ asraafoɔ nsɛmmɔnedi nyinaa mu yie, ne nsɛmmɔnedi foforɔ dodoɔ bi nso a wɔakyerɛw no pɔtee sɛ ɛyɛ asraafoɔ tumidi no dea. https://web.archive.org/web/20150906074544/https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/alkup/2014/20140255 : § 1 Eyinom bi ne s.e. awudi ahorow, ɔtow a wɔtow hyɛ obi so, korɔnbɔ, nsisi, atoro,  so a wɔtow gu ne nsɛm a wɔde asie a wɔda no adi wɔ ɔkwan a mmara mma ho kwan so. Nanso, sɛ wɔayɛ nsɛmmɔnedi no atia ɔsraani foforo anaasɛ wɔayɛ Defense Forces nkutoo a, na wɔwɔ asraafo tumidi ase nkutoo https://web.archive.org/web/20150216031802/http://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/1983/19830326 : S 2

Nea ɛnte sɛ nsɛmmɔnedi afoforo no, asraafo nsɛmmɔnedi no wɔ asotwe ahorow a ɛsono emu biara ma asomdwoe ne ɔko bere. Wɔ ɔko bere mu no, nsɛmmɔnedi no de asotwe a ɛsõ sen biara na sɛ nsɛmmɔnedi no de asiane ba asraafo kuw no so a, asotwe a wɔde ma no yɛ den sen saa mpo. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ obi begyae asomdwoe bere mu a, wɔde nteɛso asotwe anaasɛ afiase afe biako ba. Wɔ ɔko bere mu no, ɛde afiase a wɔhyɛ sɛ wɔde bɛto afiase a ɛnboro mfe anan, na sɛ nsɛmmɔnedi no de asiane ba kuw no so ntɛm ara titiriw a, anyɛ yiye koraa no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde no to afiase afe biako, na wɔde mfe du a ɛsen biara

Sɛ asraafoɔ wɔ tumi wɔ nsɛmmɔnedi a ɛyɛ mpapahwekwa so, na nsɛmmɔnedi no de asotweɛ ba sɛ asotwe a, wɔbɛtumi de nteɛso asotwe ama sen sɛ wɔbɛbɔ no ka wɔ nsɛm tiawa ne asennibea ahorow nyinaa mu.[4]: §4

#### Nhwehwɛmu ne Nteɛso a Wɔde ma Tiawa
Sɛ nsɛmmɔnedi no hyɛ asraafo tumi ase a, mpɛn pii no, ɔsraani no ankasa kuw na wɔhwehwɛ mu. Wɔ nhwehwɛmu a ɛte saa mu no, ɔsraani panyin ne adwumakuo no panyin wɔ tumi sɛ wɔde nea wosusuw sɛ ɔyɛ ɔbarima no bɛto afiase. Asraafo dɔm no panyin ne asraafo polisifo nso wɔ hokwan sɛ wɔkyere nea wosusuw sɛ ɔyɛ ɔsɛmmɔnedifo no na wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ asraafo beae bi mu.[4]: Ch. 4. 4.

Sɛ adwumakuw no panyin anaa ne panyin te nka sɛ nsɛmmɔnedi no nyɛ ade ketewaa bi na ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ animdefo mu a, wobetumi de asɛm no akɔma Defence Command ma wɔayɛ ho nhwehwɛmu. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ Defence Command no wɔ tumi a wɔde kyere obi no akyi no, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wɔde nneɛma afoforo a Finland polisifo betumi anya nyinaa bedi dwuma. Sɛ Defence Command hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde nhwehwɛmu akwan a ɛyɛ hu sen biara di dwuma (e.g. telefon a wɔkyere, deep cover agents a wɔde di dwuma anaa kɔmputa so a wɔde hyɛ mu) a wobetumi abisa polisifo sɛ wɔnyɛ nhyehyɛe no anaasɛ wɔde asɛm no bɛhyɛ polisifo nsa, sɛnea nhwehwɛmufo no ne polisini a ɔfata no apene so no. Sɛ polisifo bu sɛ ɛho hia a, wobetumi agye asɛm no bere nyinaa, nanso.[4]: SS 35–39

Wɔ Ɔhye so Awɛmfo mu no, Ɔhye so Awɛmfo adwumayɛbea ti no wɔ emu mmarahyɛ tumi koro no ara a "Defence Command" a ɛwɔ "Defence Forces" mu no wɔ no, de ka tumi a Ɔhye so Awɛmfo no wɔ daa mmarahyɛ ho.

Sɛ nhwehwɛmu no yɛ krado a, wɔde asɛm no kɔma adwumakuo no panyin anaa ɔsraani panyin anaa ne panyin ma onsusu ho. Bere a ɔte nea wɔsusuiɛ sɛ ɔyɛ ɔsɛmmɔnedifo no asɛm akyi no, ɔpanin a ɔma ne ho so no ma nea wosusuw sɛ ɔyɛ ɔsɛmmɔnedifo no nya ahofadi fi adwenem naayɛ mu anaasɛ ɔde asotweɛ a ɛfata ma wɔ baabi a wɔama no kwan no mu.[4]: §§46.