Supernova a ɛyɛ nwonwa

**Supernova** ( China kasa mu : 超新星) anaa **supernova** (   *<span lang="la">supernova</span>*

 a wɔatwa no tiaa sɛ **SN** anaa **SNe** ) yɛ nsoromma mu hwɛ mu bere tiaa mu adeyɛ a ɛkɔ so wɔ nsoromma adannandi fa a etwa to wɔ nsoromma akɛse mu, a ne ɔtopae kɛse a etwa to no hyɛ nsoromma a wɔsɛe no agyirae. Saa adeyɛ a ɛba mpofirim yi ma nsoromma a ɛhyerɛn "foforo" ba, ansa na ɛreyera nkakrankakra wɔ adapɛn kosi asram pii mu.

Supernova yɛ adeyɛ a emu yɛ *den* sen nova . Wɔ Latin kasa mu no, *nova* kyerɛ "foforo", a wɔ nsoromma mu hwɛ mu no ɛkyerɛ nsoromma foforo a ɛhyerɛn a ɛba bere tiaa bi. Asɛmfua a edi kan "super-super" ma nsonsonoe da supernovae ne novae a ɛyɛ mpapahwekwa, a hann sua koraa no ntam. Walter Baade ne Fritz Zwicky na wɔde asɛmfua *supernova* bae wɔ afe 1931.

Wɔde aniwa nkutoo ahu nsoromma akɛse abiɛsa a esisi wɔ Milky way no Way no mu wɔ mfe 1000 a atwam no mu, ɛwom sɛ wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ akyirikyiri ahu pii wɔ nsoromma akuw ahorow mu de . Nnansa yi ara a wohuu supernova bi tẽẽ wɔ Milky Way ne Kepler supernova a ɛbae wɔ 1604 mu, ɛwom sɛ wɔahu supernova nkae abien foforo nso nnansa yi de. Wogyina akontaabu a ɛfa nsoromma akɛse dodow a wohu wɔ nsoromma akuw afoforo mu so bu akontaa sɛ, sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, wɔ Milky Way no mu no, nsɛm bɛyɛ 3 na ɛkɔ so wɔ afeha biara mu. na ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wɔde nnɛyi afiri a wɔde hwɛ akyirikyiri nneɛma bɛhwɛ supernovae sɛ ɛba wɔ Milky way Way no mu a.

Supernovae yi nneɛma dodow no ara fi nsoromma a ɛrepae  no mu wɔ ahoɔhare a ɛkɔ soro kodu  anaasɛ hann ahoɔhare 10% . Ɛma asorɔkye a ɛyɛ hu a ɛkɔ ntɛmntɛm  kɔ nsoromma ntam kwan a atwa ho ahyia no mu, bere a ɛprapra mfutuma ne mframa a ɛretrɛw, anaasɛ supernova nkae sɛnea wonim no nso. Supernovae yɛ nnuru pii a nuklea fusion reactions na ɛyɛ, yɛ, na ɛyi firi mu .  Esiane ɛno nti, edi dwuma titiriw wɔ ɔkwan a wɔfa so ma nsoromma ntam kwan no yɛ kɛse denam nneɛma a atom kɛse a emu yɛ duru sen helium so no mu.  Bio nso, asorɔkye a ɛyɛ hu a ɛtrɛw fi ɔtopae no mu no betumi ama nsoromma foforo ayɛ .   Wobu supernova nkae sɛ mmeae a amansan hann dodow no ara fi Milky Way no mu biako, nanso sɛnkyerɛnne kakraa bi pɛ na wɔahu a ɛkyerɛ sɛ amansan hann ne supernova nkae a ɛho tew wɔ abusuabɔ tẽẽ.  Supernova a ɛpae nso yɛ asorɔkye a ɛtwe ade ba fam a ebetumi ama wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu daakye .

Nsusuwii mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow kyerɛ sɛ akwan titiriw abien no mu biako na efi supernova dodow no ara ase: nuklea a ɛsan fi ase mpofirim wɔ nsoromma a asɛe mu anaasɛ nsoromma kɛse bi a ɛtwe ade ba fam kɛse bi a ɛhwe ase mpofirim . Wɔ adwinnade a edi kan no mu no, nsoromma fitaa a asɛe boaboa nneɛma ano fi nsoromma a ɛka ho, denam nneɛma a ɛkɔ soro anaasɛ ne hokafo a ɛyɛ fitaa a ɛka bom so, na saa bere no na saa adeyɛ yi ma ɔhyew kɔ soro kodu baabi a ɛkanyan nuklea fusion adeyɛ a wontumi nni so, na ɛsɛe nsoromma no koraa.  Wɔ asɛm a ɛto so abien no mu no, wɔ tumi a ɛtwe ade ba fam a efi nsoromma kɛse no ankasa mu nkɛntɛnso ase no, nneɛma bubu kɔ nsoromma no mu, na neutrino mframa ne basabasayɛ a efi nsoromma no fa no mu ka ho, na ɛma ahoɔden a ebetumi aba no gyae na asorɔkye a ɛyɛ hu no trɛw kɔ abɔnten,. abɛyɛ supernova a ɛpae. Bere a nokwasɛm a ɛfa supernovae a ɛba ho no yɛ nea emu yɛ den sen sɛnea saa nsusuwii abien yi kyerɛ no, wɔde adwinnade a ɛkyerɛkyerɛ ɔtopae no mu no asi hɔ yiye na nsoromma ho animdefo dodow no ara gye tom.

Esiane sɛ nea efi nsɛm a esisi yi mu ba no sõ yiye nti, mprempren nsoromma mu hwɛ ho animdefo de wɔn nhwehwɛmu si nsoromma akɛse a ɛsen biara so, fi nsoromma adannandi so kosi nsoromma kuw adannandi so, sɛ beae a wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu titiriw.