Bakili Muluzi

**Elson Bakili Muluzi** (ubabiko Malichi 17, 1943 ku Machinga, Nyasaland) ni wa ndale m'Malawi wosankhika ulongozgi wa charu chose wakwamba mu ulamuliro wa vipani vinandi mu 1994 paka 2004. Wakaŵa wa pampando wa United Democratic Front (UDF) mpaka 2009. Paulongozgi wa Malaŵi pambele iye pakaŵa Hastings Kamuzu Banda ndipo wakaŵa mu kabineti yake pa nyengo iyo nangawuli wakaŵevya unkhwantha uliwose.

## Mdauko wa Mulongozgi wachibili wa chalo cha Malaŵi

Elson Bakili Muluzi (wobabika Malichi 17, 1941 ku Machinga, Nyasaland) ni wandale wa ku Malawi, iye akaŵa Mlongozgi-charu wakwamba wosankhika muvisankho vyachi Demoklase. Wakaŵa Mlongozgi-charu kufuma 1994 paka 2004. Wakaŵaso wapampando-mlala wa United Democratic Front (UDF) paka 2009.

Iye wakalutizga ulongozgi-charu wa Malawi kwa Hastings Kamuzu Banda. Wakateŵetelaso mu kabineti ga Ministala.

Mu chaka cha 1968 Muluzi wakakakikapo chifukwa chakwiba ndalama za ku mphala (court) zakukwana £6 nyengo iyo Muluzi wakaba kalaliki (clerk) ku mphala iyo.

Muluzi wakanjila chipani cha Malaŵi Congress Party (MCP) ndipo wakatumikapo ku chalo chakuwalo kukapanga luso lwakugwiliska ntchito mathabwa (carpentry and joinery). Mu MCP Muluzi wakakwela ndipo wakabapo mulembi mulala (Administrative Secretary) wa chipani ichi. Chifukwa cha kuleka kwendeska makola chuma cha chipani, Muluzi wakachimbizgika mu chipani cha MCP ndipo wakayamba waka kuba wa malonda.

Ndyali za ku Malaŵi zikati zayamba kusintha, apo Kamuzu wakati banthu basankhe pakati pa kuti mu Malaŵi mube chipani chimoza panji vinandi, Muluzi wakaba mumoza wa banthu awo bakayamba ka gulu (Pressure Group) ka United Democratic Front ako pamoza na ka gulu kanyakhe kakuchemeka Alliance for Democracy (AFORD) bakavwilana kuphalila banthu kuti pa chisankho basankhe kuti kube vipani vinandi. Mu mwezi wachinkhondi na wumoza pa zuba la chinkhondi na chinayi (14 June) mu chaka cha 1993 banthu bakasankha kuti kube vipani vinandi ndipo gulu la UDF likazgoka chipani ndipo Muluzi ndiyo wakaba mulongozgi wa UDF.

Mu mwezi wachinkhondi pa zuba la chikhumi, yankhondi na yabili (17 May) mu chaka cha 1994 Muluzi wakasoleka kuba mulongozgi wa chalo cha Malaŵi. Pa muwoso wakwamba wa Muluzi wakasintha malango ya chalo (constitution) kuzomelezga munthu wakuti wali kukakikapo kuba mulongozgi, kuyambiska kuti kube wachitatu kwa mulongozgi (second vice-president) na malango yanandi kuti vimwendelenge iyo na chipani chake makola.

Mu mwezi wachinkhondi (May) 1999 Muluzi wakasolekaso kuba mulongozgi wa Malaŵi kachibili pa chisankho icho banyakhe bakuti Muluzi wakibila na kuti mweneko uyo wakawina ni Gwanda Chakwamba. Mu chaka cha 2002, Muluzi wakayezeska kuti malango ya chalo cha Malaŵi yasinthike kuti mulongozgi waleke kukanizgika kukhala vyaka vyakujumpha khumi. Kweni banthu bakakwiya na ivi ndipo nanga uli wakagula bayimilili ba ku mphala ya malango ba vipani vinyakhe mphala iyi yikakana kuti mulongozgi wazomelezgeke kuba mulongozgi vyaka vyakujumpha khumi.

Muwuso wa Muluzi wukaba wa vimbundi (kuhonga) na kwiba ndalama za boma chomene. Nduna na batebeti ba boma bakapokelanga vimbundi na kwiba ndalama za boma chomene ndipo chuma cha boma chikasakazikanga chomene ndiposo vinthu vinyakhe vinandi ngeti ni misewu yikanangika chomene. Ukavu nawo mu Malaŵi wukalutilila panthazi chomene chifukwa chakuti wovwili uwo boma likapokelanga wukamalilanga mu mathumba ya batebeti ba boma. Antheura banthu banandi muMalawi bakukhumba chara kuti Muluzi panyake abo bakukwaskana naye banjileso muboma.

Wati watondeka kusintha malango ya boma kuti wabe mulongozgi vyaka vyakujumpha khumi limoza, Muluzi wakasankha Bingu wa Mutharika kuti wabe wakwimilila chipani cha UDF pa chisankho cha mulongozgi. Mumalo mwakuti banthu ba UDF ndiwo basankhe munthu uyo bakakhumbanga, Muluzi wakabasankhila ndipo banyakhe mu UDF ngeti bena Aleke Banda, Harry Thomson, Justin Malewezi (uyo wakaba wachibili kwa mulongozgi nyengo yose ya muwuso wa Muluzi) bakakwiya ndipo bakachileka chipani cha UDF. Banandi bakuti Muluzi wakasankha Mutharika chifukwa wakaghana-ghananga kuti wawusenge ndiyo chifukwa Mutharika wamuwopenge iyo Muluzi, kweni Mutharika wawoneska kuti wakupulikila Muluzi yayi.

Pa nyengo iyo Muluzi wakaba mulongozgi, wakasambazga chomene chifukwa chakuhiba nakupokera vimbundi ndiposo wakagula malo yaweme ku Chichiri apo wali kuzengapo nyumba yake iyo yikuchemeka Keza Office Park na kugula magalimoto yanandi kwambula kulipila msonkho. Muluzi ndiyo yekha pa balongozgi wose ba Malaŵi uyo wakabevye masambilo yapachanya.

Pali banthu banyake mu UDF abo bakukhumba ngeti kuti Muluzi wangayimaso mu visankho vya presidente wa Malawi mu chaka cha 2008. Kweni Muluzi wakukana kuyowopo pa nkhani iyi. Wakakana kuyowoyapo pa nkhani ya "Third Term" apo sono tikumanya kuti wakakhumbisiska kuti wayimeso mchaka chira cha 2004. Nangawuli pali mayowoyelo agha, ntchakukayikiska kuti wazamuyimaso , ndipo kuti malinga wayimaso wangazakasoleka.