Peter Mutharika

**Arthur Peter Mutharika** (wakababika pa 18 July 1940)ngwa vya ndyali na loya wa ku Malawi uyo wakaŵa purezidenti wa Malawi kwambira Meyi 2014 mpaka Juni 2020. Mutharika wagwira ntchito mu chigaŵa cha urunji wa vyaru vyakupambanapambana, wakumanya za malango gha vyaru vyakupambanapambana. Wakateŵeteranga nga ni mulaŵiliri wa mukuru wake, Pulezidenti Bingu wa Mutharika, pa nkhani za vyaru vya kuwaro na mukati kufuma apo wakamba kampeni yake ya kuvota mpaka apo Pulezidenti wakafwira pa 5 Epulero 2012.

Wakateŵeterapo nga ni Nduna ya vya Malango ndipo pamasinda wakaŵa Nduna ya vya Masambiro, Sayansi na Maukadaulo. Mutharika wakaŵaso nduna ya vyaru vya kuwaro kufuma mu 2011 mpaka 2012. Wakaŵa na udindo wa kovwira kunjizga ubwezi pakati pa Malawi na United Kingdom chifukwa cha kunangika kwa maboma ghaŵiri agha pamanyuma pa suzgo la Cochrane-Dyet. Peter Mutharika wakasankhika kuŵa purezidenti wa chalo cha Malawi mu chaka cha 2014.

## Ntchito

### Early career
Mutharika wakapokera digiri ya malango kufuma ku yunivesite ya London mu 1965. Pamanyuma wakapokera digiri ya LL.M. na J.S.D. ku Yale University mu 1966 na 1969. Mutharika wali kuzomerezgeka kuŵa loya wa ku Tanzania kwambira mu 1971. Pakuŵa pulofesa, wasambizga pa University of Dar es Salaam (Tanzania), Haile Selassie University (Ethiopia), Rutgers University (USA), United Nations Institute for Training and Research Program for Foreign Service Officers from Africa and Asia pa Makerere University (Uganda), na kwa vyaka 37 pa Washington University (USA), ndipo wateŵetera nga Academic Visitor pa London School of Economics (UK). Wakateŵeteraso nga ni mulaŵiliri wa American Bar Association's Rule of Law Initiative for Africa.

### Late career
Wakawovwiranga nga ni pharazgi la mubali wake, Bingu wa Mutharika kuti waweleremo pa udindo wa purezidenti mu 2009.Mu 1995 wakadandawura kuti wanjizge mazaza gha pulezidenti mu Malawi. Pamanyuma wakatora malo mu ndyali ya Malawi uko wakazgoka nduna mu kabini iyo wakawovwira kupanga. Wakalutizga kuteŵetera nga ni mupelekani wa ulongozgi kwa purezidenti mpaka apo purezidenti wakafwira mu 2012 pa nkhani za vyalo na vyalo.

### ICSID Arbitration Tribunal
Mutharika wakaŵa yumoza wa ŵanthu ŵatatu awo ŵakeruzganga milandu ya caru cose. Mu Ogasiti 2011, Mutharika wakasankha kufumapo pa milandu yiŵiri ya ku khoti ku International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes iyo wakachitanga pa Zimbabwe apo ŵamalonda ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake ŵakazenga mulandu boma la Zimbabwe chifukwa cha kuswa mapangano gha vyamalonda. Ivi vikacitika cifukwa ca kufipa mtima cifukwa ca umo Bingu Mutharika wakenderananga na boma la Mugabe.

## Umoyo wa ndyali

Ni purezidenti wa DPP mu Malawi. Mu Meyi 2009, wakasankhika ku Malawi Parliament, ndipo pamanyuma wakasankhika na munung'una wake Bingu wa Mutharika ku Malawi Cabinet nga ni Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs. Kufuma apo, wakaŵa nduna ya vya masambiro, sayansi na vyakupangapanga ndipo pa 8 Seputembala 2011 wakaŵa nduna ya vyamafumilo gha chalo mu "kabineti ka nkhondo".

### DPP Factions
Mu chaka cha 2010, masuzgo ghakawuka chifukwa cha kuyowoya kuti President Bingu wa Mutharika wakakhumbanga kusora Peter Mutharika, munung'una wake, kuŵa mulondezgi wa chipani cha Joyce Banda. Wapampando uyu wakafumiskika ku DPP ndipo wakambiska chipani chake, People's Party (PP). Ŵanthu ŵanyake mu DPP ŵakaleka ntchito chifukwa cha kufumiska mulara wa boma. Kuyana na malango gha Malawi, Joyce Banda wakalutilira kuŵa Vice-President wa chalo ichi nangauli wakachimbizgika ku DPP.

#### DPP Presidential Endorsement
Mu Ogasiti 2011, DPP National Governing Council (NGC) yikakolerana na Peter Mutharika kuŵa mulongozgi wa chalo pa chisankho cha 2014. Chipharazgo ichi chikwiza mazuŵa ghachoko waka pamanyuma pa chipharazgo cha pa 20 Julayi 2011, apo ŵakachitiska ma strike pa charu chose chenechichi kwimikana na boma la Bingu Mutharika. Chipani cha DPP cha DPP NGC chikakolerana nayo chifukwa chipani ichi chindachiteko ungano wakusankha ŵalongozgi ŵaphya. Wakuda Kamanga, Secretary General, wakayowoya kuti fundo iyi yikapelekeka nangauli pakaŵa ŵanthu ŵakususka chifukwa chipani chikagomezganga kuti "mkwiyo uwu uzamumara". Kuzomerezgeka uku kukapangiska kuti ŵanthu awo ŵakasuskanga ndondomeko ya kupika maudindo mu chipani ichi, kusazgapo Joyce Banda, wachiŵiri wa pulezidenti wa chipani ichi na Khumbo Kachali, wachiŵiri wa pulezidenti wa chipani ichi, ŵafumiskike.

### US citizenship controversy
Kuyimilira kwa Peter Mutharika pa udindo wa nduna ya boma na kuyenerera kwake pa udindo wa purezidenti kukaŵa kwamaseŵera chifukwa cha kukayika na kukayika pa wanangwa wake wa kukhala wa Malawi. Mubali Mustapha Hussein, uyo wakusambizga vya ndyali na boma pa Yunivesite ya Malawi, wakati: "Munthu uyu wakwenera kuŵa wa ku Malawi chifukwa chakuti wazamuŵa na vyaka vyakujumpha 35 mu 2014, ndipo wandaŵikepo mulandu wa kuswa malango kwa vyaka 7. Kweni malango gha Malawi ghakukana kuŵa na wanangwa wa kukhala ku chalo chimoza ndipo ŵanthu ŵakughanaghana kuti wakaba wanangwa wa kukhala ku chalo chimoza apo wakakhalanga ku chalo chimoza ndipo wakaleka wanangwa wa kukhala ku chalo chimoza nga umo malango ghakukhumbira. Ndipouli, ofesi ya nthumwi ya United States ku Lilongwe yikati iyo ni mwenekaya wa charu yayi kweni wali na green card. Chipani cha DPP icho chili na mazaza pa chalo ichi chayowoya kuti Mutharika ni mwenekaya wa chalo cha Malawi ndipo wangasankhika kuŵa purezidenti wa chalo ichi. Pakaŵa mphindano yakuti, pakuŵa mweneco wa Green Card wa ku United States, wakaŵa wakugomezgeka ku United States. Ntheura, ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu misewu ŵakuwona kuti caru cingawusikika yayi na munthu uyo wakukhala ku United States kwa myezi yitatu pa caka kuti waŵe na malo ghakukhala. Mu Febuluwale 2014, wakaleka green card na malo ghakukhalamo.

### 2014 election
Peter Mutharika wakasankhika kuŵa purezidenti pa chisankho cha 2014. Wakapika kuŵa purezidenti pa 31 May 2014. Mu Juni 2014, Mutharika wakasankha nduna zake ndipo ndiyo wakaŵa na udindo wa kuvikilira chalo. Wakasora munthu wakumanya vya chuma, Goodall Gondwe kuŵa Minisita wa vya Ndalama ndipo wakasora Atupele Muluzi, yumoza wa awo ŵakathereskeka, kuŵa Minisita wa vya Chilengiwa, Magesi na Migodi.

Mu Juni 2014, wakakhozgera kuti kulimilira vyakurya vinyake padera pa hona.

Nyengo yake yakwamba yikaŵa na ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakukwenyelera cifukwa ca vimbundi, kusoŵa cakurya ndiposo kuŵavya magesi. Mu 2018, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakaluta mu misewu mu misumba yinandi ya mu charu ichi kuti ŵakane vimbundi. Mutharika wakasoleka na mulandu wa kupoka vimbundi, wakukayika kuti wakapokera ndalama zakujumpha $200,000 kufuma kwa munthu munyake wa bizinesi uyo wakapanga phangano la madola mamiliyoni ghanandi na ŵapolisi. Bungwe la Malawi Anti-Corruption Bureau (ACB) lazomera kuti Muthatika walije mulandu pa mulandu wa kugura chakurya ku ŵapolisi. ACB yikayowoya kuti kafukufuku uyo wakachitika pa chiphikiro cha vyakurya cha Malawi Police Service (MPS) wavumbura kuti Pulezidenti Peter Mutharika wakawovwirika yayi na ndalama zakukwana $200,000 izo zikaŵikika pa akaunti ya Democratic Progressive Party.

### 2019 election

Pa 21 May 2019, chalo cha Malawi chikapeleka mavoti ghakusoleka kuti ŵasankhe purezidenti muphya, mamembala gha pharalamende, na makhansala gha boma. Peter Mutharika wakasankhika na kukhozgeka nga ni mulongozgi wa DPP. Munthu uyo wakamususkiranga comene wakaŵa Dr. Lazarus McCarthy Chakwera wa Malawi Congress Party (MCP). Saulos Chilima, uyo wakaŵa wachiŵiri kwa Mutharika kufuma mu 2014, nayo wakalimbana na Mutharika kufuma apo ŵaŵiri aŵa ŵakapatukirana mu Epulero 2018. Chisankhocho chinasokonezeka ndi mikangano ndi zonena za kusokoneza ndi DPP ya Mutharika. Mu vigaŵa vinyake nga ni Nsanje na Chikwawa kumwera kwa Malaŵi, banthu ba Malawi Electoral Commission awo bakwendeska mavoti ŵakasuskika kuti ŵasintha mavoti gha Chakwera kuŵa gha Mutharika. Mubali Fred Thomas, uyo wakugwira ntchito ku chigaŵa cha Nsanje, wakakakika chifukwa cha kunanga mavoti. Nkhani zakuyana na izi zakubendezga mavoti na kuyuzga awo ŵakuwonelera vya chipani cha DPP zikalembeka mu vigaŵa vinyake nga ni Zomba, Thyolo, Mulanje, Lilongwe na Nkhotakota. Mabuku ghanandi agho ghakalembeka ghakaŵaso na nkhani zakupusika. Ŵanthu ŵankhaza ŵa ndyali, awo ŵakaghanaghananga kuti mba DPP, ŵakasanganga ma results ndipo ŵakasinthanga manambara mwa 'kusisita' manambara ghakwambilira mwa kuŵikapo tippex (chipambi chakupimira). Ivi vikapangiska kuti mavoti ghaŵe ghakucemeka "Tippex Election", ndipo pamanyuma pake Mutharika wakasankhika kuŵa "Tippex President". Pa 27 Meyi 2019 ndipo nangauli pakaŵa vinthu vyambura kwenelera, Mulongozgi wa Malawi Electoral Commission Justice Jane Ansah, wa khoti likuru, wakapharazga kuti Mutharika ndiyo watonda pa chisankho ichi na mavoti 1,940,709 pakususkana na 1,781,740 ya Dr Lazarus Chakwera wa MCP. Saulos Chilima, uyo wakimiranga UTM wakapokera mavoti 1,018,369. Mutharika wakalapizga pa 28 May 2019 kwa nyengo yinyakhe ya vyaka vinkhondi. Chipani cha opposition cha MCP na UTM chikapempha ku khoti likuru la Malawi kuti likanizgeso mavoti gha pa chisankho ichi. Pa nyengo yeneyira, ŵanthu ŵakususka boma ŵakalutilira kulongora kuti ŵakususka ivyo vikacitika pa nyengo ya maungano.Wupu wa Human Rights Defenders Coalition (HRDC) uwo pa nyengo iyo ukalongozgekanga na Timothy Mtambo ukalongozga chivundungwele cha kususka muwuso wa Mutharika pakususka boma lake kuti ndakujikuzga na kukhumba kuti Jane Ansah wafumeko.

Pa 3 February, 2020, ŵeruzgi ŵa khoti la Constitutional Court ŵakafika ku Lilongwe court kuti ŵapeleke chigamulo pa chisankho cha purezidenti icho chikaŵa chakukayikiska. Ŵeruzgi ŵakaŵazganga mulandu uwu kwa maora 7. Khoti la Malawi Constitutional Court likadumura kuti mavoti gha pa 21 May 2019 ghaleke kugwira ntchito, chifukwa cha viheni ivyo vikachitika na Malawi Electoral Commission. Kweniso likalangura kuti paŵe mavoti ghaphya mu mazuŵa 150. Kuwuskapo mulandu uwu kukaŵa kwachilendo yayi ku Malawi, ndipo kakaŵa kaŵiri pera kuti ivi vichitikenge mu Africa.

### 2020 election

Mutharika wakathereskeka na Lazarus Chakwera pa mavoti gha 2020 apo wakapokera waka mavoti pafupifupi 40%. Chakwera wakalapizga kuŵa purezidenti wa Malawi pa 28 Juni 2020.

Pa 17 July, 2022, Peter Mutharika wakachita ungano ku nyumba yake ya Page House ku Mangochi uko wakapa mulandu boma la sono la Tonse Alliance kuti lalekeska ŵanthu ŵa ku Malawi na kuleka kufiska ivyo ŵakalayizga. Kweniso wakalayizga kuti chipani chake chizamutonda pa mavoti gha mu 2025 ndipo wachali kughanaghanira usange wangalutizga..

**Anti-corruption investigations**

Mu Ogasiti 2020, Malawi Anti-Corruption Commission yikakanizga ndalama za Peter na muwoli wake Gertrude, pakuchita kafukufuku wakususkana na vimbundi pa nkhani ya kunozga simenti ya K5 billion dollars kwambura msonkho. Mu Janyuwale 2021, Khoti Likuru likakana pempho la Mutharika lakuti walekeske kusungiska ndalama zake.

### Personal life

Mutharika wali na ŵana ŵasungwana ŵaŵiri na mwana mwanalume kufuma ku nthengwa yake yakwamba. Muwoli wake wakwamba, Christophine, wakafwa apo ŵana ŵake ŵakaŵa ŵachoko. Wakaŵa Mukatolika wa ku Caribbean.

Mutharika wakaŵa chokoro kwa vyaka vyakujumpha 30, kweni pa Juni 21, 2014, wakatora Gertrude Maseko, uyo wakaŵa mu Nyumba ya Malango ya Malawi.

Mutharika wali mu tchalitchi la Presbyterian. Ni munung'una wa Bingu wa Mutharika, pulezidenti wachitatu wa Malawi.

### Ntchito zosankhidwa

* *Foreign Investment Security in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Emerging Policy and Legal Frameworks* (book).
* "Accountability for Political Abuses in Pre-Democratic Malawi: The Primacy of Truth" – Third World Legal Studies, 2003.
* "Approaches to Restorative Justice in Malawi", 13th Commonwealth Law Conference, Melbourne, Australia, April 2003.
* "Legal System of Malawi", Legal Systems of the World (2002).
* "Some Thoughts on Rebuilding African State Capability", *Washington University Law Quarterly* (1998).
* "Creating an Attractive Investment Climate in the Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) Region", *Foreign Investment Law Journal* (1997).
* "The Role of the United Nations Security Council in African Peace Management: Some Proposals", *Michigan Journal of International Law* (1996).
* "The 1995 Democratic Constitution of Malawi", *Journal of African Law* (1996).
* "The Role of International Law in the Twenty-First Century: An African Perspective", *Fordham International Law Journal* (1995) and reprinted in *Commonwealth Law Bulletin* (1995).
* "The Regulation of Statelessness Under International and National Law", Oceana Publications (1986).
* "The Alien Under American Law", Oceana Publications (1988).
* "The International Law of Development", Oceana Publications (1995).
* "The Work of Council International Co-operation Of Humanity", *African Magazine* (2003).

### Mphoto
He is a recipient of the following awards;

* International Jurist Award, 2008
* The African Leadership Award, 2016 and Medal of Honour, 2016
* Honorary Doctor of Letters (Hon. D.Litt.), University of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in 2016
* State of Georgia Senate Citation of Merit, 2016
* Honorary Professor, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing, China, 2018
* Nelson Mandela Leadership Award, National Baptist Convention, 2018
* Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters (L.H.D.), Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, United States in 2018
* Senior Of Politics Debate,  Indonesian Jakarta Collage, 2019

### Maudindo ghakulu

* President, International Third-World Legal Studies Association, 1986-1993
* Global Fund Replenishment Champion, 2018-2019
* Member, Committee of Ten African Heads of State Championing the Advancement of Education, Science and Technology, appointed by the African Union 2018
* Champion, Global Partnership for Education
* African Development Bank, Youth Champion
* Co-convenor, Global Commission on Financing Education
* Champion, Trade Related Aspects of Property Rights (TRIPS)
* UN Women "HeForShe" Champion
* UNFPA Global Youth Champion
* Advisor in Council of the Economic and Trade Cooperation of African Youth (ETCAY)
* Board Chairperson for United Nations Economic and Trade Commission of Africa

## Ukaboni


## Vigaŵa vya kuwaro

* The Biographical Sketch of Peter Mutharika
* 

|-