Saleh Kebzabo

**Saleh Kebzabo** (, born 27 Malichi 1947 ku Léré, Chad) ni wa ndale wa ku Chad. Ni purezidenti wa National Union for Democracy and Renewal (UNDR) ndipo ni mphala mu chalo cha Chad. Wakimikika kuŵa Prime Minister na President Mahamat Déby pa 12 October 2022.

## Ntchito yandale
Kebzabo wakaŵa mulongozgi wa wupu wa Chadian Press Agency, wa Democratic Movement for the Restoration of Chad (MDRT), ndipo wakaŵa mulembi wa Jeune Afrique na Demain l'Afrique. Kufuma apo, wakambiska nyuzipepara ya N'Djaména Hebdo, iyo yikaŵa nyuzipepara yakwamba ya ku Chad. Wakaŵa kazembe mu Douala, Cameroon, kweni wakachimbizgika mu Cameroon na Pulezidenti Paul Biya cifukwa ca kukhozgera Ahmadou Ahidjo, uyo wakaŵa mulara wa Biya.

Wakaŵa yumoza wa awo ŵakambiska chipani cha UNDR mu Disembala 1992. Mu Epulero 1993, pamanyuma pa Ungano wa Vyaru Vyose, wakasankhika kuŵa Nduna ya vya Malonda na Makampani mu boma la Nduna Yikuru Fidèle Moungar. Boma ili likakhalako myezi 6 pera pambere Wupu Wakulongozga (CST) undazomerezge kuti boma ili lileke kugomezgeka.

Mu Seputembala 1995, Kebzabo ŵakamukora na kumujalira mu jele kwa mazuŵa ghankhondi. Pambere ŵandamukore, nyumba yake ŵakayipenja kwambura dango usiku wa pa Ogasiti 30. Kebzabo wakafwatulika pamanyuma pakuti ŵakususka ŵakadandawura cifukwa ca kukakika kwake, ndipo wakadandawura ku ŵalara ŵa boma awo ŵakaŵa na mulandu.

Malo ghakwamba agho Kebzabo wakugwilira nchito ni mu Mayo-Kebbi. Wakaŵa wakwimilira pa mavoti gha June 1996, ndipo wakaŵa wachitatu na mavoti 8.61%. Pambuyo pa kupambana kwa Déby, Kebzabo adakhala Nduna Yowona Zakunja ku Chad mu Ogasiti 1996, ndipo adagwira ntchitoyi mpaka pomwe adasankhidwa kukhala Nduna Yowona Ntchito Zapagulu, Mayendedwe, Nyumba ndi Kukula Kwa Mizinda pa Meyi 21, 1997. Wakasankhika ku National Assembly nga ni munthu wa UNDR mu chigaŵa chakwamba cha ma parliamentary election mu 1997, nangauli wakakhala mu boma ndipo wakakhumba yayi kukhala pa mpando wake.

Kebzabo wakazgoka Minister of State for Mines, Energy, and Oil pa January 1, 1998, kweni wakafumiskika mu boma pa May 11, 1998, pamoza na nduna zinyake ziŵiri za UNDR. Pakuyowoya za kufumiskika kwake, wakayowoya kuti vilato vyake vingafiskika kuwaro kwa boma. Mu Disembala 1999, wakasankhika kuŵa Minisita wa Vyamalonda mu boma la Prime Minister Nagoum Yamassoum.

Pa Epulero 1, 2001, Kebzabo wakimikikaso kuŵa mulongozgi wa UNDR pa mavoti gha chaka chenechicho. Pamanyuma pake wakafumiskika pa udindo wake nga ni Minister of State for Agriculture pa 8 April; mamembala ghanyake gha boma la UNDR nawo ŵakasezgeka. Pambere wandaŵe nduna yikuru, wakaŵa wachiŵiri kwa nduna yikuru. Ŵanthu ŵakaghanaghananga kuti Kebzabo wakasankha kunyamuka kuti waŵe pulezidenti chifukwa wakatondeka kuyowoyeskana na Déby kuti waŵe nduna yikuru. Kebzabo pamanyuma wakayowoya kuti wakachitako mu boma pakugomezga kuti para wangacita nthena wangatimbanizga Déby kufuma mukati mwa ndondomeko, ndipo chifukwa cha ichi wakagomezganga kuti UNDR yikaŵa "cilato cakukhora" ca Déby.

In the presidential election, held on May 20, 2001, he placed third with 7% of the vote. In late May he was twice detained briefly by police, along with five other opposition candidates.

In the April 2002 parliamentary election, Kebzabo was elected to the National Assembly as a UNDP candidate from Léré constituency in Mayo-Dallah Department, and he became President of the Democratic Parliamentary Group during the parliamentary term that followed the election.

Kuyana na Kabzabo, pa Febuluwale 3, 2008, apo ŵasilikari ŵakiza ku nyumba ya Kabzabo ku N'Djamena, apo ŵasilikari ŵa boma ŵakarwa nkhondo na ŵakugaluka, Kabzabo wakaŵa pa ulendo. Wakati ŵasilikari ŵakawombera munung'una wake. Mu pharazgo ilo wakalemba pa Febuluwale 26, iyo pamoza na mulongozgi munyake wa chipani cha opposition, Wadel Abdelkader Kamougué, ŵakalembapo pharazgo ilo likati "kuŵikapo mtima mwaluŵiro kuti paŵe kudumbiskana kwa chalo chose", kufwatura ŵalongozgi ŵatatu ŵa chipani cha opposition awo ŵakakakika, pamoza na kafukufuku wa pa caru cose pa ivyo vyacitika, ndiposo kuti paŵavye kukoma ŵanthu mwaluŵiro.

Nangauli UNDR njumoza wa wupu wa Coordination of Political Parties for the Defense of the Constitution (CPDC), ndipo CPDC yikasankha kunjira mu boma la Prime Minister Youssouf Saleh Abbas mu mwezi wa Epulero 2008, Kebzabo wakakana kunjira mu boma, wakati wakukhumba kuti munyake wa chipani chake wanjire mu boma. Kebzabo wakayowoya kuti ntchito ya chipani chake mu UNDR yikamusuzga pa nyengo iyo; wakalongosora kuti nchito iyi yikaŵa "cizgoŵi cakukhozga" ndipo wakati wakambaso kunozgekera maungano gha pa caru cose gha 2009.

Mu Juni 2017, mamembala a chipani cha FONAC adati National Assembly yakhala yopanda chilungamo chifukwa ikupitilizabe kugwira ntchito pambuyo pa 21 Juni, zaka ziwiri kuchokera pomwe nyengo yamalamulo ikupitilira, ndikuti aphungu ochokera ku chipani chotsutsa ayenera kusiya ntchito. Ŵabali ŵa chipani chakususka awo ŵakulongozgeka na Saleh Kebzabo ŵakazgora kuti ŵafumenge yayi, chifukwa ŵakaghanaghananga kuti chingaŵa "chakovwira" chomene kuti ŵakhale mu Nyumba ya Malango; kweni ŵakayowoyaso kuti mavoti gha munthazi ghakwenera kuchitika mwaluŵiro.

Mu Ogasiti 2021, Saleh Kebzabo, wakususka chomene muwuso wa pulezidenti wakale wa Chadi Idriss Déby Itno, uyo wakakomeka mu Epulero 2021 na ŵakugaluka, wakasankhika kuŵa wachiŵiri kwa pulezidenti wa komiti yakunozga "mtende wa chalo chose" kuti walongozge ku mavoti gha pulezidenti na malango mu Chadi.

## Ukaboni

## Vigaŵa vya kuwalo
*"Tchad : Réflexion de Saleh Kebzabo, député, leader de l’UNDR, sur le régime d’Idriss Déby", a critical assessment by Kebzabo of Déby's rule, December 2005.