Ŵanthu mu Malaŵi

Nkhani iyi yikulongosora vya ŵanthu ŵa ku Malawi, kusazgapo unandi wa ŵanthu, mtundu, masambiro, umoyo wa ŵanthu, chuma, chisopa na vinyake.

Zina lakuti Malawi lili kufuma ku ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Maravi awo ŵakafuma kumwera kwa charu cha Congo vyaka 600 ivyo vyajumpha. Ŵakati ŵafika kumpoto kwa Nyanja ya Malawi, mbumba ya Maravi yikagaŵikana. Ŵa Chewa ŵa mazuŵa ghano, ŵakasamira kumwera kwa nyanja iyi. Ŵanyake awo ŵakaŵa ŵasekuru ŵa ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Nyanja ŵakasamira kumwera kwa charu ichi.

Kuzakafika mu 1500, mafuko ghaŵiri agha ghakaŵa kuti ghaŵa na ufumu uwo ukambira kumpoto kwa msumba wa Nkhotakota m'paka ku Mlonga wa Zambezi kumwera, kufuma ku Nyanja ya Malawi kumafumiro gha dazi m'paka ku Mlonga wa Luangwa ku Zambia kumanjiliro gha dazi.

Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakafumanga mu vyaru vinyake na kuwelera ku vyaru vinyake. Mu vyaka vyasonosono apa, ŵanthu ŵakupambana mitundu. Ndipouli, pa caru cose pali mphindano. Nangauli pakaŵa mphindano, kweni pasono palije mphindano pakati pa mafuko, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuwona kuti Malawi ni charu chawo. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Malawi ŵakukhala ku mizi ndipo ŵakutemwa yayi nkhaza.

Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Chewa ndiwo ŵali na ciŵelengero cikuru ca ŵanthu mu chigaŵa capakati; ŵanthu ŵa fuko la Nyanja ndiwo ŵali na ciŵelengero cikuru kumwera, ndipo ŵa fuko la Tumbuka ŵali kumpoto. Kweniso, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa mtundu wa Tonga ŵakukhala kumpoto; Ŵangonizi awo ŵakafuma ku Zulus awo ŵakafuma ku South Africa kukwambilira kwa vyaka vya m'ma 1800 ŵakukhala mu vigaŵa vya kumpoto na vyapakati; ndipo Ŵayao, awo ŵanandi mwa iwo Mbasilamu, ŵakukhala kumwera kwa charu ichi. Ŵanthu ŵa mafuko ghanyake awo ŵakakhalanga mu caru ici ŵakafumako ku Mozambique.

## Ŵanthu

Kuyana na ivyo vikalembeka mu buku la World Population Prospects mu 2022, ŵanthu wose awo ŵakaŵa mu charu ichi ŵakaŵa 19,889,742 mu 2021, apo mu 1950 ŵakaŵa 2 881 000. Mu 2010, chiŵelengero cha ŵana ŵa vyaka 15 kukhilira pasi chikaŵa 45.8%, 51.1% ŵakaŵa na vyaka vyapakati pa 15 na 65, ndipo 3.1% ŵakaŵa na vyaka 65 panji kujumpha.

Chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu pa charu chose na viŵelengero vya ŵanthu pa charu chose (Census 09.03.2018).

### Kafukufuku wa UN
Manambara agha ghalipo masauzandi ghanandi. Vinthu vyakupambanapambana vya UN. 

* 2015 17,522
* 2020 20,677
* 2025 24,212
* 2030 28,173
* 2035 32,667
* 2040 37,797
* 2045 43,521
* 2050 49,719

## Vinthu vyakuzirwa
Ku Malaŵi, vinthu vikuruvikuru vikulembeka viŵi yayi. Webusayiti ya Our World in Data yili na maukaboni agho ghakulongora umo vinthu viliri pa charu chose.

### Kubaba na kubabika
Chiŵelengero cha ŵana awo ŵakubaba (TFR) (Chiŵelengero cha ŵana awo ŵakukhumba) na chiŵelengero cha ŵana awo ŵakubabika (CBR):

Fertility data as of 2016 (DHS Program):

## Vinthu vinyake vyakukhwaskana na ŵanthu
Chiwerengero cha anthu malinga ndi World Population Review mu 2019.

* One birth every 48 seconds
* One death every 4 minutes
* One net migrant every 65 minutes
* Net gain of one person every 59 seconds

Chiwerengero cha anthu otsatirawa chikuchokera ku CIA World Factbook pokhapokha ngati tawonetsa zina.

### Population

: 20,794,353 (2022 est.)
: 19,842,560 (July 2018 est.)
: 19,196,246 (July 2017 est.)

### Visopa
Ŵaprotesitanti 33.5% (ŵakuphatikizapo Tchalitchi la Central Africa Presbyterian 14.2%, Seventh Day Adventist/Baptist 9.4%, Pentecostal 7.6%, Anglican 2.3%), Roman Catholic 17.2%, Christian 26.6%, Muslim 13.8%, traditionalist 1.1%, other 5.6%, none 2.1% (2018 est.)

### Age structure

: *0-14 years:* 45.87% (male 4,843,107/female 4,878,983)
: *15-24 years:* 20.51% (male 2,151,417/female 2,195,939)
: *25-54 years:* 27.96% (male 2,944,936/female 2,982,195)
: *55-64 years:* 2.98% (male 303,803/female 328,092)
: *65 years and over:* 2.68% (2020 est.) (male 249,219/female 318,938)

: *0-14 years:* 46.17% (male 4,560,940 /female 4,600,184)
: *15-24 years:* 20.58% (male 2,023,182 /female 2,059,765)
: *25-54 years:* 27.57% (male 2,717,613 /female 2,752,983)
: *55-64 years:* 3% (male 284,187 /female 310,393)
: *65 years and over:* 2.69% (male 234,776 /female 298,537) (2018 est.)

### Birth rate

: 27.94 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 38th
: 40.7 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 8th
: 41 births/1,000 population (2017 est.)

### Death rate

: 4.58 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 206th
: 7.7 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 100th
: 7.9 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.)

### [[:en:Total_fertility_rate|Total fertility rate]]

: 3.4 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 41st
: 4 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 9th

### Population growth rate

: 2.34% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 31st
: 3.31% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 3rd
: 3.31% (2017 est.)

### Median age

: total: 16.8 years. Country comparison to the world: 221st
: male: 16.7 years
: female: 16.9 years (2020 est.)

: total: 16.6 years. Country comparison to the world: 223rd
: male: 16.5 years
: female: 16.8 years (2018 est.)

### Mother's mean age at first birth

: 18.9 years (2015/16 est.)
: note: median age at first birth among women 25-29

### Contraceptive prevalence rate

: 59.2% (2015/16)

### Net migration rate

: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 91st
: 0 migrants/1,000 population (2017). There is an increasing flow of Zimbabweans into South Africa and Botswana in search of better economic opportunities.

### [[:en:Dependency_ratio|Dependency ratios]]

: total dependency ratio: 91 (2015 est.)
: youth dependency ratio: 85.3 (2015 est.)
: elderly dependency ratio: 5.7 (2015 est.)
: potential support ratio: 17.4 (2015 est.)

### Urbanization

: urban population: 18% of total population (2022)
: rate of urbanization: 4.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

: *urban population:* 16.9% of total population (2018)
: *rate of [[:en:Urbanization|urbanization]]:* 4.19% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

### Life expectancy at birth

: total population: 72.44 years. Country comparison to the world: 154th

male: 69.33 years female: 75.59 years (2022 est.)

: total population: 62.2 years (2018 est.)
: male: 60.2 years (2018 est.)
: female: 64.3 years (2018 est.)

: *total population:* 61.7 years
: *male:* 59.7 years
: *female:* 63.8 years (2017 est.)

### Sex ratio

* *at birth:* 1.03 male(s)/female
* *under 15 years:* 1 male(s)/female
* *15-64 years:* 0.97 male(s)/female
* *65 years and over:* 0.69 male(s)/female
* *total population:* 0.97 male(s)/female (2000 est.)

### Ratio of medical doctors to general population
1 Doctor/65,000 Malawians 

### Major infectious diseases

: degree of risk: very high (2020)
: food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
: vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever
: water contact diseases: schistosomiasis
: animal contact diseases: rabies

Manyani: opa 21 March 2022, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) yikapeleka chenjezgo la ulendo wa poliyo mu Africa; Malawi sono yikuwoneka kuti yikupweteka chomene awo ŵakwenda chifukwa cha matenda gha poliyo agho ghali kufuma ku katemera (cVDPV); poliyo uyo wali kufuma ku katemera (VDPV) ni nthenda ya poliyo iyo yikaŵa mu katemera wa poliyo ndipo yikasintha mu nyengo ndipo yikuchita nga ni virasi ya mu thengere panji iyo yikuchitika mu naturel; ichi chikung'anamura kuti yingathandazgika mwaluŵiro ku ŵanthu awo ŵalije katemera wa poliyo ndipo ŵakukumana na vyoto panji vyoto vya mu mphepo, nga ni para munthu wakunyunyamura, wa munthu uyo wali na nthenda iyi (cVDPV); CDC yikusachizga kuti munthu waliyose uyo walije katemera wa poliyo, uyo walije katemera, uyo walije katemera, panji uyo wali na katemera wakukwana yayi, panji uyo walije katemera wa poliyo wakwenera kupokera katemera yumoza pambere wandalute ku charu chinyake; CDC yikusachizga kuti munthu waliyose uyo wali na katemera

### Nationality

* *noun:* Malawian(s)
* *adjective:* Malawian

### Ethnic groups

* Chewa 34.3%
* Lomwe 18.8%
* Yao 13.2%
* Ngoni 10.4%
* Tumbuka 9.2%
* Sena 3.8%
* Mang'anja 3.2%
* Tonga 1.8%
* Nyanja 1.8%
* Nyakyusa 1%
* Europeans 0.04%
* Other 2.5%

### Languages

* English (official)
* Chichewa (official) - 6,500,000
* Chiyao - 1,760,000
* Chitumbuka - 1,180,000
* Chilomwe - 2,290,000
* Chingoni - 37,500
* Chimakhuwa - 200,000
* Chisena - 468,000
* Chitonga - 271,000
* Chinyika - 5,000
* Chinyiha - 10,000
* Chindali - 70,000
* Chinyakyusa - 149,000
* Chilambya - 59,500
* Afrikaans - 26,000

### Education expenditures

: 2.9% of GDP (2020)
: country comparison to the world: 159

### Literacy

*definition:* age 15 and over can read and write

: *total population:* 62.1%
: *male:* 69.8%
: *female:* 55.2% (2015 est.)

### School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

: total: 11 years (2011)
: male: 11 years (2011)
: female: 11 years (2011)

### Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

: total: 8.5%
: male: 6.7%
: female: 10.6% (2017 est.)

### White Malawians
Ŵazungu ŵakukwana 7,400 ndiwo ŵali mu cigaŵa ici. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa mu Malaŵi mba ku England na Scotland, kweni ŵalipo ŵachoko waka awo ŵali kufuma ku Netherlands, France, Italy, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Middle East, Belgium, Scandinavia, panji Germany. Ŵazungu ŵa ku Malawi ŵakukhala ku Lilongwe, Dedza, Dowa, Blantyre, Kasungu, Mchinji, Nkhotakota, Ntcheu, Ntchisi, Salima, Chitipa, Karonga, Likoma, Mzimba, Nkhata Bay, Rumphi, Balaka, Chikwawa, Chiradzulu, Machinga, Mangochi, Mulanje, Mwanza, Nsanje, Thyolo, Phalombe, Zomba, na Mzuzu.

## Wonaniso

* Malawi
* Malawian American

## Ukaboni