Chafer

**Chafer**, beetle, **weevil**, **earthworm**, **white grub** **kumbe** **ground** beetle ( vito ra sayense : ***Holotrichia sauteri***  ) i muxaka wa xitsotswana eka ndyangu lowuntsongo wa Melolonthinae, lowu hlamuseriweke hi Moser hi 1912.  

Le Vietnam, switsotswana swa muxaka lowu swi vuriwa **co dong** hi vanhu va Co Tu .

## Xihlawulekisi

Ti chafer beetles ati hlaseli eka swirhabyani swa misinya, kambe ti cela misava ehansi ka nsinya kutani ti veka matandza ya tona kona. Loko matandza ya tshoveka yava switsotswana, yata dlaya timintsu hinkwato ta swimilani. Chafer beetle ya xisati yita tirhisa milenge ya yona ku cela ndzhawu yale kusuhi na timintsu ta misinya, kutani yi veka kwalomu ka 15-17 wa matandza kwalaho kutani yi phaphama timpapa ta yona leswaku yita haha ekule. Ndzhawu leyi hlawuriweke hi ntolovelo i ti riverside mudflats kumbe tindzhawu ta misava ya sandi letingana matluka yotala, kumbe etlhelo ka swintshabyana.

Matandza yana xivumbeko xa xirhendzevutani, kwalomu ka 2 - 3mm hi vukulu. Matandza ya etlela swinene ehansi ka misava, naswona ya tshoveka endzhaku ka kwalomu ka 10 - 15 wa masiku.

Switsotswana leswi tshoveriweke swita sungula ku luma swimilani, ntirho wa swona wotsakisa i ku dya timintsu ta swimilani. Vukulu bya yona bya xikarhi byikulu kufana na rintiho lerintsongo, naswona byita hi mihlovo yo basa ya ivory, blue white kumbe yellow. Miri wuna 3 wa ti pair ta milenge. Hiku angarhela, switsotswana swa Earthworm swifana hi 99% na King Ants. Switeka kwalomu ka lembe rin’we (270 - 300 wa masiku) leswaku switsotswana swa chafer beetle swiva na pupate. Nkarhi wa vona "eku tumbeleni" ku nga vuriwa leswaku i lembe xidzana Exikarhi ka tinxaka ta switsotswana leswi nga kona eVietnam.

Kusukela loko groundworm yisungula ku humesa cocoon ya yona kuva yiva pupate, switeka kwalomu ka 10 - 15 wa masiku kuva yi hetisa cocoon ya yona. Naswona switeka kwalomu ka 20 - 30 wa masiku kuva yi molt hiku hetiseka naku haha kusuka eka cocoon. Xisweswo, xiteji xa pupal xa groundworm na xona xi lehe swinene, kwalomu ka 40 - 45 wa masiku.

Kumbexana xirhendzevutani hinkwaxo xa vutomi bya ti chafer beetles xitshama ehansi swinene ka misava, hikokwalaho vutomi bya ti chafer beetles letikulu hi ntolovelo byi komile swinene, ehansi ka nhweti. Minkarhi yin’wana n’wana u hanya tin’hweti tin’wana ta 1 kumbe timbirhi.

## Vavisa

Swimilani leswi hlaseriwaka hi ti leafhoppers swikatsa chukele, mavele (mavele), ginger, sweet potatoes, gourds, .sw.sw..Nkarhi lowu switsotswana swi wu hetaka swi tumbele na swona i nkarhi lowu ntshovelo wu lahlekeke ha wona hikwalaho ka majaha lawa. Muxaka lowu wa tika ku wu tshungula loko wu pimanisiwa na tinjiya ta king na ti coconut weevils, hikuva swisaka swa tona switala kuva ehansi swinene ehansi ka misava, ekusuhi na timintsu. Ku yi cela leswaku u yi khoma swi fana ni ku cela murhi hinkwawo. Kuya hi van’wamapurasi van’wana, loko ku lulamisela misava yo byala swibyariwa (sugarcane, corn...) swa laveka ku hlanganisa misava na murhi wo hlawuleka, leswaku loko switsotswana swihumeka endzhaku, swita fa. Hambiswiritano, ndlela leyi yi tirha ntsena eka kwalomu ka 1 kumbe 2 wa swibyariwa. Endzhakunyana, swidzidzirisi leswi a swi ri emisaveni swi hunguteke hakatsongo-tsongo naswona swi hlasele ngopfu.