Neil Armstrong

**Neil Alden Armstrong** (Hi ti 5 ta Nhlangula 1930&nbsp;– August 25, 2012) a a ri mutivi wa swilo swa le mpfhukeni wa le Amerika ni munjhiniyara wa swihaha-mpfhuka loyi, hi 1969, a veke munhu wo sungula ku famba eN’wetini . Nakambe a a ri muchayeri wa swihaha-mpfhuka swa le matini, muchayeri wa xihaha-mpfhuka xo ringeta, ni profesa wa le yunivhesiti.

Armstrong u velekiwe ni ku kurisiwa eWapakoneta, Ohio . U nghene eYunivhesiti ya Purdue, a dyondzela vunjhiniyara bya swihahampfhuka, laha Vuthu ra le Matini ra le United States ri hakelaka mali ya yena ya tidyondzo ehansi ka Pulani ya Holloway . U ve mutirhi wa le xikarhi ka xikepe hi 1949 naswona u ve muchayeri wa swihaha-mpfhuka swa le matini hi lembe leri landzeleke. U vone goza eka Nyimpi ya le Korea, a haha xihaha-mpfhuka xa Grumman F9F Panther ku suka eka xikepe xo rhwala swihaha-mpfhuka lexi  . Endzhaku ka nyimpi, u hete digri ya yena ya bachelor’s ePurdue kutani a va muchayeri wa xihahampfhuka xo ringeta eka National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) High-Speed Flight Station e Edwards Air Force Base eCalifornia. A a ri muchayeri wa phurojeke eka swihaha-mpfhuka swa nyimpi swa Century Series naswona u haha xihaha- mpfhuka xa le Amerika N’walungu xa X-15 ka nkombo. Nakambe a a ri mutekaxiave eka minongonoko ya ku haha hi vanhu exibakabakeni ya Man in Space Soonest na X-20 Dyna-Soar ya Vuthu ra le Moyeni ra le United States.

Armstrong u joyine NASA Astronaut Corps eka ntlawa wa vumbirhi, lowu hlawuriweke hi 1962. U endle ku haha ka yena ko sungula exibakabakeni tanihi xihaha-mpfhuka xa vulawuri bya Gemini 8 hi March 1966, a va mufambisi wo sungula wa swihaha-mpfhuka wa vaaki wa NASA ku haha exibakabakeni. Hi nkarhi wa vurhumiwa lebyi na muchayeri wa xihahampfhuka David Scott, u endle ku vekiwa ko sungula ka swihaha-mpfhuka swimbirhi swa le xibakabakeni ; vurhumiwa byi herisiwile endzhaku ka loko Armstrong a tirhise yin’wana ya mafurha ya yena yo lawula ku nghena nakambe ku tiyisisa roll leyi nga na khombo leyi vangiweke hi thruster leyi khomiweke. Hi nkarhi wa ndzetelo wa ku haha ka vumbirhi ni ko hetelela ka Armstrong exibakabakeni tanihi murhangeri wa Apollo 11, u boheke ku huma eka Movha wa Ndzavisiso wa ku Landing wa N’weti minkarhinyana emahlweni ka ku wa.

Hi July 20, 1969, Armstrong na muchayeri wa xihaha-mpfhuka xa Apollo 11 Lunar Module (LM) Buzz Aldrin va ve vanhu vo sungula ku fika va dzima eN’wetini, naswona hi siku leri landzelaka va hete tiawara timbirhi ni hafu ehandle ka xihaha-mpfhuka xa Lunar Module *Eagle* loko Michael Collins a sale endzeni ku rhendzeleka ka n’weti eka Modyuli ya Xileriso xa Apollo *Columbia* . Loko Armstrong a sungula ku kandziya ehenhla ka n’weti, u dume hi ku vula a ku: "Lero i goza rin'we leritsongo eka [munhu], ku tlula kun'we lokukulu eka vanhu."     Yi haxiwe hi ku kongoma eka vahlaleri lava ringanyetiwaka eka 530 wa timiliyoni emisaveni hinkwayo. Apollo 11 akuri ku hlula lokukulu ka US eka Space Race, hiku hetisisa xikongomelo xa tiko lexi ringanyetiweke hi 1961 hi President John F. Kennedy "ya ku veka munhu e N'wetini naku n'wi tlherisela eMisaveni a hlayisekile" loko khume ra malembe lawa yanga se hela. Na Collins na Aldrin, Armstrong u nyikiwile Presidential Medal of Freedom hi President Richard Nixon naswona u amukele 1969 Collier Trophy . President Jimmy Carter u n’wi nyikile Congressional Space Medal of Honor hi 1978, u nghenisiwile eka National Aviation Hall of Fame hi 1979, naswona na khale ka vatirhi kulobye va amukele Congressional Gold Medal hi 2009.

Endzhaku ka loko a tshikile ntirho eka NASA hi 1971, Armstrong u dyondzisile eka Ndzawulo ya Vuinjhiniyere bya Swihahampfhuka eYunivhesiti ya Cincinnati ku fikela hi 1979. U tirhile eka vulavisisi bya timhangu ta Apollo 13 na le ka Khomixini ya Rogers, leyi lavisiseke mhangu ya Space Shuttle *Challenger* . Hi lembe ra 2012, Armstrong u file hikwalaho ka swiphiqo leswi vangiweke hi vuhandzuri bya coronary bypass, a ri ni malembe ya 82 hi vukhale.