Paipailer

**Paipai** (**Pai pai, Pa'ipai, Akwa'ala, Yakakwal**), Meksika'nın kuzeyindeki Baja California'da yaşayan bir yerli halktır. Geleneksel toprakları güneyde Kiliwa, kuzeyde Kumeyaay ve Cocopa toprakları arasında yer alır ve Pasifik kıyısına yakın San Vicente'den doğuda Colorado Nehri deltasına kadar uzanmaktadır. Günümüzde ağırlıklı olarak Baja California'nın Sierra de Juárez bölgesindeki çok etnikli Santa Catarina topluluğunda yoğunlaşmışlardır.

## İleri okumalar

* Drucker, Philip. 1941. "Culture Element Distributions XVII: Yuman–Piman". *Anthropological Records* 6:91-230. University of California, Berkeley.
* Gifford, E. W., and Robert H. Lowie. 1928. "Notes on the Akwa'ala Indians of Lower California". *University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology* 23:338-352. Berkeley.
* Hicks, Frederic N. 1959. "Archaeological Sites in the Jamau-Jaquijel Region, Baja California: A Preliminary Report". *University of California, Los Angeles, Archaeological Survey Annual Report* 1958-1959:59-66.
* Hicks, Frederic N. 1963. *Ecological Aspects of Aboriginal Culture in the Western Yuman Area*. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles.
* Hinton, Thomas B., and Roger C. Owen. 1957. "Some Surviving Yuman Groups in Northern Baja California". *América Indígena* 17:87-102.
* Hohenthal, William D. Jr. 2001. *Tipai Ethnographic Notes: A Baja California Indian Community at Mid Century*. Edited by Thomas Blackburn. Ballena Press, Menlo Park, California.
* Joël, Judith. 1966. *Paipai Phonology and Morphology*. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles.
* Joël, Judith. 1976. "Some Paipai Accounts of Food Gathering". *Journal of California Anthropology* 3:59-71.
* Joël, Judith. 1998. "Another Look at the Paipai-Arizona Pai Divergence". In *Studies in American Indian Languages: Description and Theory*, edited by Leanne Hinton and Pamela Munro, pp.&nbsp;32–40. University of California, Berkeley.
* Laylander, Don. 1991. "Organización comunitaria de los yumanos occidentales: una revisión ethnográfica y prospecto arqueológico". *Estudios Fronterizos* 24-25:31-60.
* Magaña Mancillas, Mario Alberto. 2005. *Ni muy tristona, ni muy tristona: testimonios de mujeres paipai y kumiai de Baja California*. Instituto de Cultura de Baja California, Mexicali, Mexico.
* Meigs, Peveril, III. 1939. *The Kiliwa Indians of Lower California*. Iberoamerica No. 15. University of California, Berkeley.
* Meigs, Peveril, III. 1977. "Notes on the Paipai of San Isidoro, Baja California". *Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly* 13(1):11-20.
* Mixco, Mauricio J. 1977. "The Linguistic Affiliation of the Ñakipa and Yakakwal of Lower California". *International Journal of American Linguistics* 43:189-200.
* Mixco, Mauricio J. 1977. "Textos para la etnohistoria en la frontera dominicana de Baja California". *Tlalocan* 7:205-226.
* Mixco, Mauricio J. 1984. "Paipai Literature". In *Spirit Mountain: An Anthology of Yuman Story and Song*, edited by Leanne Hinton and Lucille J. Watahomigie, pp.&nbsp;191–223. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
* Mixco, Mauricio J. 1985. "Etnohistoria pai pai en la Baja California". *Meyibó* 2(5):21-43.
* Mixco, Mauricio J. 1989. "Versión de la 'guerra de la venganza': texto mitológico de la Baja California indígena (un texto paipai)" *Tlalocan* 11:199-216.
* Mixco, Mauricio J. 2006. "The Indigenous Languages". In *The Prehistory of Baja California: Advances in the Archaeology of the Forgotten Peninsula*, edited by Don Laylander and Jerry D. Moore, pp.&nbsp;24–41. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.
* Owen, Roger C. 1962. *The Indians of Santa Catarina, Baja California: Concepts of Disease and Curing*. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles.
* Wilken-Robertson, Michael. 1982. "The Paipai Potters of Baja California: A Living Tradition". *The Masterkey* 60:18-26.
* Winter, Werner. 1967. "The Identity of the Paipai (Akwa'ala)." In *Studies in Southwestern Ethnolinguistics: Meaning and History in the Language of the American Southwest*, edited by Dell H. Hymes and William E. Bittle, pp. 371–378. Mouton, The Hague.
* Bendímez Patterson, Julia. 1989. *Historia oral: Benito Peralta de Santa Catarina, comunidad pai-pai*. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, Mexico. (Includes oral history and local traditions.)
* Gifford, Edward Winslow, and R. H. Lowie. 1928. "Notes on the Akwa'ala Indians of Lower California". *University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology* 23:338-352. Berkeley. (Creation myth narrated by Jackrabbit in 1921-1922, pp.&nbsp;350–351.)
* Hinton, Leanne, and Lucille J. Watahomigie. 1984. *Spirit Mountain: An Anthology of Yuman Story and Song*. University of Arizona Press, Tucson. (Includes a narrative collected by Mauricio J. Mixco from Rufino Ochurte, pp.&nbsp;201–222.)
* Joël, Judith. 1976. "The Earthquake of '57: A Paipai Text". In *Yuman Texts*, edited by Margaret Langdon, pp.&nbsp;84–91. University of Chicago Press.
* Meigs, Peveril, III. 1977. "Notes on the Paipai of San Isidoro, Baja California". *Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly* 13(1):11-20. (Brief note on creation myth recorded in 1929, p.&nbsp;15.)