Tarzan

**Tarzan** Edgar Rice Burroughs tarafından yaratılmış bir öykü karakteridir. İlk olarak 1912'de **Maymunların Tarzanı** adlı romanla ortaya çıkmış ve daha sonra 23 devamı daha yazılmıştır. Tarzan gemideki isyancılar tarafından Afrika sahillerinde ıssız bir bölgeye bırakılmış İngiliz bir Lord ve Lady'nin oğullarıdır. O henüz bebek iken anne ve babası ölmüş ve onu bilimsel olarak tanımlanmamış bir maymun türünün üyeleri yetiştirmiştir. Kala onun maymun annesidir. Tarzan (beyaz adam) onun maymun alemi ismidir; İngilizce ismi ise Clayton, Lord Greystoke'dur. Genç bir adam olduğunda, Jane ile tanışır ve Jane Baltimore'ye döndüğünde gerçek aşkını bulmak için ormanı terkeder. Tarzan ve Jane evlenirler ve bir süre İngilterede yaşarlar. Bir oğulları, Jack, olur ve bir maymun ismi olan Korak adını alır. Tarzan uygarlığın ikiyüzlülüğü karşısında dayanamaz ve Jane'le birlikte Afrikaya dönerler ve orada ölümsüzlüğe erişerek halen yaşarlar.

## Edebiyat
Tarzan dünyadaki en çok bilinen edebi karakterlerden birisidir. Burrough'a ait iki düzineden fazla kitap haricinde Tarzan karakteri filmler, radyo, televizyon programları, çizgi diziler ve çizgi romanlarda boy gösterdi. Birçok parodiye konu oldu ve de korsan yayınları da görüldü.

Bilimkurgu yazarı Philip José Farmer *Tarzan Alive!*'ı yazmış ve bu eserde onun gerçek bir kişi olduğunu kısa öykülerle onun biyografisi şeklinde anlatmıştır.

*Tarzan of the Apes*'in telif hakları birleşik devletlerde sona ermiş ve kamu malı olmuş olsa da, TARZAN adı halen Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc.'in bir markası olarak hakları saklıdır.

### Aldığı eleştiriler

*Tarzan of the Apes* başarılı eleştiriler almış olsa da, serinin bazı kitapları olumsuz eleştiriler de almıştır. Eleştirilerin ana noktası bunların türemiş olması ve basmakalıp ifadelerden oluşmasıdır.

Eleştirilere rağmen, Tarzan hikâyeleri çok popüler olmuştur. Hayranları anlatılan melodramatik durumlardan ve özellikle maymunlara konuşmak için ortaya koyduğu dil'den çok etkilenmişlerdir.

1970'lerin başlarından itibaren, Tarzan kitap ve filmleri ırkçılıkla da suçlanmaya başladı. Bu durum siyah ve afrikalıların daha kaba ve gelişmemiş olarak tanıtılması sonucu ortaya çıkmıştı. Pozitif siyah karakterler olsa da genellikle beyaz adamın hizmetçisi olarak gösteriliyorlardı. 

### Tarzan karakteri

## Film

### Sessiz film

## Televizyon

## Anime ve manga

## Comics

## Biyografi
### by Edgar Rice Burroughs
# *[[Tarzan of the Apes]]* (1912) (Project Gutenberg Entry:http://gutenberg.net/etext/78)
# *[[The Return of Tarzan]]* (1913) (Project Gutenberg Entry:http://gutenberg.net/etext/81)
# *[[The Beasts of Tarzan]]* (1914) (Project Gutenberg Entry:http://gutenberg.net/etext/85)
# *[[The Son of Tarzan]]* (1914) (Project Gutenberg Entry:http://gutenberg.net/etext/90)
# *[[Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar]]* (1916) (Project Gutenberg Entry:http://gutenberg.net/etext/92)
# *[[Jungle Tales of Tarzan]]* (1916, 1917) (Project Gutenberg Entry:http://gutenberg.net/etext/106)
# *[[Tarzan the Untamed]]* (1919, 1921) (Project Gutenberg Entry:http://gutenberg.net/etext/1401)
# *[[Tarzan the Terrible]]* (1921) (Project Gutenberg Entry:http://gutenberg.net/etext/2020)
# *[[Tarzan and the Golden Lion]]* (1922, 1923)
# *[[Tarzan and the Ant Men]]* (1924)
# *[[Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle (novel)|Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle]]* (1927, 1928)
# *[[Tarzan and the Lost Empire]]* (1928)
# *[[Tarzan at the Earth's Core]]* (1929)
# *[[Tarzan the Invincible]]* (1930, 1931)
# *[[Tarzan Triumphant]]* (1931)
# *[[Tarzan and the City of Gold]]* (1932) 
# *[[Tarzan and the Lion Man]]* (1933, 1934)
# *[[Tarzan and the Leopard Men]]* (1935)
# *[[Tarzan's Quest]]* (1935, 1936)
# *[[Tarzan and the Forbidden City]]* (1938)
# *[[Tarzan the Magnificent (novel)|Tarzan the Magnificent]]* (1936, 1937)
# *[[Tarzan and the Foreign Legion]]* (1947)
# *[[Tarzan and the Madman]]* (1964)
# *[[Tarzan and the Castaways]]* (1940, 1941, 1965)

* with Joe R. Lansdale
** **' (1995)
* for younger readers
** ''[[Tarzan and the Tarzan Twins]]'' (1927, 1936, 1963)

=== Öbür yapıtları ===
* Barton Werper
*# ''Tarzan and the Silver Globe'' (1964)
*# ''Tarzan and the Cave City'' (1964)
*# ''Tarzan and the Snake People'' (1964)
*# ''Tarzan and the Abominable Snowmen'' (1965)
*# ''Tarzan and the Winged Invaders'' (1965)
** note: the Werper novels were never authorized by ERB, Inc.; they were taken off the market and remaining copies destroyed.
* [[Fritz Leiber]]
** ''[[Tarzan and the Valley of Gold (novel)|Tarzan and the Valley of Gold]]'' (1966)
* [[Philip José Farmer]]
** A character based on Tarzan (Lord Grandrith) appears in the Nine trilogy:
*** ''[[A Feast Unknown]]'' (circa 1966)
*** ''[[Lord of the Trees]]'' (circa 1966)
*** ''[[The Mad Goblin]]''
** ''[[Tarzan Alive]]'' (1972)--A fictional biography of Tarzan (here Lord Greystoke), which is one of the two foundational books (along with ''[[Doc Savage: His Apocalyptic Life]]'') of the [[Wold Newton family]].
** ''[[The Adventure of the Peerless Peer]]'' (1974)
** ''[[Time's Last Gift]]'' (1985)
** ''[[The Dark Heart of Time]]'' (1999)
** ''[[Hadon of Ancient Opar]]'' (1974)
** ''[[Flight to Opar]]'' (1976)
*** Note: A secondary character of these novels is not referred to as "Tarzan", but was intended to be Tarzan by Farmer, and is included as such by most [[Wold Newton family]] scholars.
::Farmer also wrote a novel based on his own fascination with Tarzan, entitled ''[[Lord Tyger]]'', and translated the novel ''Tarzan of the Apes'' into [[Esperanto]].
* [[R. A. Salvatore]]
** ''Tarzan: the Epic Adventures'' (1996)
* [[Nigel Cox]]
** ''[[Tarzan Presley (novel)|Tarzan Presley]]'' (2004). This novel combines aspects of Tarzan and [[Elvis Presley]] into a single character named Ted Nugent, within [[Yeni Zelanda]] ve [[Amerika Birleşik Devletleri|American]] settings. Upon its release, it was subject to legal action in the [[Amerika Birleşik Devletleri|Birleşik Devletler]], and has not been reprinted since its initial publication.

== Film hayatı ==
=== Silents ===
* ''[[Tarzan of the Apes (film)|Tarzan of the Apes]]'' (1918) (Elmo Lincoln) – based on the first part of the novel ''Tarzan of the Apes''
* ''[[The Romance of Tarzan]]'' (1918) (Elmo Lincoln) – based on the second part of the novel ''Tarzan of the Apes''
* ''[[The Revenge of Tarzan]]'' (1920) (Gene Pollar) – based on the first part of the novel ''The Return of Tarzan''
* ''[[Son of Tarzan]]'' (1920) (P. Demsey Tabler) – serial based on the novel ''The Son of Tarzan''
* ''[[The Adventures of Tarzan]]'' (1921) (Elmo Lincoln) – based on the second part of the novel ''The Return of Tarzan''
* ''[[Tarzan and the Golden Lion (film)|Tarzan and the Golden Lion]]'' (1927) (James Pierce) – based on the novel ''Tarzan and the Golden Lion''
* ''[[Tarzan the Mighty]]'' (1928) (Frank Merrill) – an original story; the working title was ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' but it is not based on the Burroughs novel of that name
* ''[[Tarzan the Tiger]]'' (1929) (Frank Merrill) – based on the novel ''Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar''; filmed as a silent but partially dubbed to become the first Tarzan sound film

=== Franchise films ===
==== With Johnny Weissmuller ====
* ''[[Tarzan the Ape Man]]'' (1932)
* ''[[Tarzan and His Mate]]'' (1934)
* ''[[Tarzan Escapes]]'' (1936)
* ''[[Tarzan Finds a Son!]]'' (1939)
* ''[[Tarzan's Secret Treasure]]'' (1941)
* ''[[Tarzan's New York Adventure]]'' (1942)
* ''[[Tarzan Triumphs]]'' (1943)
* ''[[Tarzan’s Desert Mystery]]'' (1943)
* ''[[Tarzan and the Amazons]]'' (1945)
* ''[[Tarzan and the Leopard Woman]]'' (1946)
* ''[[Tarzan and the Huntress]]'' (1947)
* ''[[Tarzan and the Mermaids]]'' (1948)
==== With Lex Barker ====
* ''[[Tarzan's Magic Fountain]]'' (1949)
* ''[[Tarzan and the Slave Girl]]'' (1950) 
* ''[[Tarzan's Peril]] (1951) 
* ''[[Tarzan's Savage Fury]]'' (1952) 
* ''[[Tarzan and the She-Devil]]'' (1953) 
==== With Gordon Scott ====
* ''[[Tarzan's Hidden Jungle]]'' (1955) 
* ''[[Tarzan and the Lost Safari]]'' (1957) 
* ''[[Tarzan and the Trappers]]'' (1958) 
* ''[[Tarzan's Fight for Life]]'' (1958) 
* ''[[Tarzan's Greatest Adventure]]'' (1959) 
* ''[[Tarzan the Magnificent]]'' (1960) – not based on the Burroughs novel of that title
==== With other actors ====
* ''[[Tarzan Goes to India]]'' (1962) (Jock Mahoney)
* ''[[Tarzan's Three Challenges]]'' (1963) (Jock Mahoney)
* ''[[Tarzan and the Valley of Gold (film)|Tarzan and the Valley of Gold]]'' (1966) (Mike Henry) – [[novelization]] by [[Fritz Lieber]]
* ''[[Tarzan and the Great River]]'' (1967) (Mike Henry)
* ''[[Tarzan and the Jungle Boy]]'' (1968) (Mike Henry)
* ''[[Tarzan's Deadly Silence]]'' (a compilation of television episodes released to theaters) (1970) (Ron Ely)

=== Competing films ===
* ''[[Tarzan the Fearless]]'' (1933) (Buster Crabbe) - released as a serial and as an edited feature film
* ''[[The New Adventures of Tarzan]]'' (1935) ([[Bruce Bennett|Herman Brix]]) – released as a serial and as a feature film
* ''[[Tarzan and the Green Goddess]]'' (1938) ([[Bruce Bennett|Herman Brix]]) - second feature film version of the serial ''The New Adventures of Tarzan''
* ''[[Tarzan’s Revenge]]'' (1938) (Glen Morris)
* ''[[Tarzan, the Ape Man (1959)|Tarzan, the Ape Man]]'' (1959) ([[Denny Miller]])

=== Later films ===
* ''[[Tarzan, the Ape Man]]'' (1981) (Miles O’Keeffe)
* **' (1984) (Christopher Lambert)
* *[[Tarzan and the Lost City (film)|Tarzan and the Lost City]]* (1998) (Casper Van Dien)
* *[[Tarzan (1999 film)|Tarzan]]* (1999) – animated feature
* *[[Tarzan & Jane]]* (2002) – direct to video animated feature
* *[[Tarzan II]]* (2005) – direct to video animated feature

### Televizyon Programları
* *[[Tarzan and The Trappers]]* (filmed 1958, aired 1966) - three episodes filmed as pilots for a series that never materialized, edited into a television feature, starring Gordon Scott
* *[[Tarzan (NBC series)|Tarzan]]* (1966–1968) — NBC series starring Ron Ely
* *[[Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle]]* (1976–1977) — Filmation animated series (season one)
** *[[Batman/Tarzan Adventure Hour]]* (1977–1978) — (season two)
** *[[Tarzan and the Super 7]]* (1978–1980) — (seasons three and four)
** *[[The Tarzan/Lone Ranger Adventure Hour]]* (1980–1981) — (season five, repeats only)
** *[[The Tarzan/Lone Ranger/Zorro Adventure Hour]]* (1981–1982) — (season six, repeats only)
* *[[Tarzan in Manhattan]]* (1989) — CBS TV movie starring Joe Lara
* *[[Tarzán]]* (1991–1994) — syndicated series starring Wolf Larson
* **' (1996) — syndicated series starring [[Joe Lara]]
* ''[[The Legend of Tarzan]]'' (2001–2003) — [[Walt Disney Television|Disney]] animated series
* ''[[Tarzan (WB series)|Tarzan]]'' (2003) — [[WB Television Network|WB]] series

=== Belgeseller ===
* **' (1996)
* *[[Tarzan at the Movies, Part 1: Johnny Weissmuller]]* (1996)
* *[[Tarzan at the Movies, Part 2: The Many Faces of Tarzan]]* (1996)
* *[[Investigating Tarzan]]* (1997)
* *[[The One, the Only, the Real Tarzan]]* (2004)
* ** (2004)
* *[[I,Tarzan]]* (1996) * http://www.documen.tv/asset/Tarzan.html  

## Dipnot

## Dış bağlantılar
*  Official Tarzan and Edgar Rice Burroughs Web Site
*   Worlds of Edgar Rice Burroughs
*  Edgar Rice Burroughs Tribute and Weekly Webzine Site
* The Tarzan Implications 
* Tarzan comic strip 
* Tarzan at Brian's Drive-In Theater 
* Free Tarzan eBooks by Project Gutenberg
* Resmi , Johnny Weissmuller Web Sitesi 
* Documentary 52': I, Tarzan
*  İlk Tarzan filmini "Tarzan of the Apas" 1918