Ágnes Heller

**Ágnes Heller** (12 Mayıs 1929, Budapeşte- 19 Temmuz 2019; Balatonalmádi, Macaristan), Macar filozof. İlk önce Marksist bir filozof olarak ün saldı ama kariyerinin ilerleyen yıllarında Liberal ve sosyal demokrat olarak kabul edildi. Politikal ve sosyal düşüncelerinin dışında Etik, Varoluşçuluk ve Hegelcilik konularına da yoğunlaştı.

## İlk yılları ve Politikal Gelişimi
Ágnes Heller orta sınıf bir yahudi ailede büyüdü. Babası Pal Heller hiçbir zaman uzun süreli bir işte tutunamadı. II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında, hukuk eğitimi ve Alman dili üzerine bilgisi nedeniyle Nazi Almanyası'ndan göç etmek isteyen insanlara yardım ettiği bilinir. 1944'te Agnes'in babası diğer 450.000 Macar Yahudisi ile birlikte Auschwitz-Birkenau toplama kampına götürülmüştür. Pal Heller burada ölmüştür. Agnes ve annesi şansın ve pratik zekanın etkisiyle bir şekilde sürgün edilmemeyi başarmışlardır.

1947 yılında Agnes, Budapeşte Üniversitesi'nde fizik ve kimya dersleri görmeye başladı. Ama erkek arkadaşının onu yönlendirmesiyle felsefeye ilgi duydu ve bunun üzerine erkek arkadaşıyla ilk defa Georg Lukács'ın felsefe derslerine girdi. Daha sonra aynı yıl bir Macaristan Komünist Partisi'ne katıldı. Bu süreçte Marksist felsefe üzerindeki fikirlerini geliştirdi.

## Ödülleri
* Lessing Ödülü, Hamburg (1981)
* Hannah Arendt filozofi profesörü, Bremen, (1994)
* Széchenyi Ödülü (1995) – Tudományos munkássága elismeréseként.
* Doctor honoris causa, Melbourne, (1996)
* Order of Merit of the Hungarian Republic (Civilian), Grand Cross - Star  (2004)
* European Parliament Italian Section Ödülü (2004)
* Pro Scientia Altın Madalya (2005)
* Sonning Ödülü (2006)
* Hermann Cohen Ödülü(2007)
* Vig Mónika Ödülü (2007)
* Mazsike Várhegyi György Ödülü (2007)
* Freeman of Budapeşte  (2008)
* Goethe-Medal (2010)
* Hungarian Socialist Party halk hareketleri madalyası (2011)

## Çalışmaları
### Yayınları

* *The Marxist Theory of Revolution and the Revolution in Everyday Life* (TELOS Fall 1970)
* *On the New Adventures of the Dialectic* (TELOS Spring 1977)
* *Forms of Equality* (TELOS Sumer 1977)
* *Comedy and Rationality* (TELOS Fall 1980)
* *The Antinomies of Peace* (TELOS Fall 1982)
* *From Red to Green* (TELOS Spring 1984)
* *Lukacs and the Holy Family* (TELOS Winter 1984-5)

### Kitapları
* *A mai történelmi regény*, (The Historical Novel Today, in Hungarian)  Budapest, Múlt és Jövő Kiadó, 2011.
* *The insolubility of the "jewish question", or Why was I born hebrew, and why not negro?* Budapest, Múlt és Jövő Kiadó, 2004.
* *Beyond Justice*, Oxford, Boston, Basil Blackwell, 1988
* *Can Modernity Survive?*, Cambridge, Berkeley, Los Angeles: Polity Press and University of California Press, 1990
* *Dictatorship Over Needs* (F. Fehér ve G. Markus ile). Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1983
* *Doomsday or Deterrence* (F. Fehér ile). White Plains: M.E. Sharpe, 1986
* *Eastern Left – Western Left (Freedom, Totalitarianism, Democracy)* (F. Fehér ile). Cambridge, New York: Polity Press, Humanities Press, 1987
* *An Ethics of Personality*, Cambridge: Basil Blackwell, 1996
* *From Yalta to Glasnost (The Dismantling of Stalin's Empire)* (F. Fehér ile). Oxford, Boston: 1990
* *General Ethics*, Oxford, Boston: Basil Blackwell, 1989
* *The Grandeur and Twilight of Radical Universalism* (F. Fehér ile). New Brunswick: Transaction, 1990
* *The Humanisation of Socialism* (A. Hegedus et alii ile), (collected papers trans. from Hungarian). London: Allison and Busby, 1976
* *Hungary, 1956 Revisited: The Message of a Revolution A Quarter of a Century After* (F. Fehér ile). London, Boston, Sydney: George Allen and Unwin, 1983
* *Immortal Comedy: The Comic Phenomenon in Art, Literature, and Life*, Rowman and Littlefield Publishers Inc, November 2005.
* *Individuum and Praxis (Positionen der Budapester Schule)*, (collected essays trans. from Hungarian, with G. Lukács et al.). Frankfurt: Suhrkamp Verlag, 1975
* *On Instincts* (English trans. of Hungarian original). Assen: Van Gorcum, 1979
* *Lukács Revalued*, editor. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1983. (Paperback, 1984)
* *A Philosophy of Morals*, Oxford, Boston: Basil Blackwell, 1990.
* *The Postmodern Political Condition* (F. Fehér ile), Cambridge, New York: Polity Press Columbia University Press, 1989
* *The Power of Shame (A Rationalist Perspective)*, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985
* *Reconstructing Aesthetics*, editor with F. Fehér. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1986
* *Renaissance Man* (English trans. of Hungarian original). London, Boston, Henley: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1978.
* *A Theory of Modernity, Blackwell Publishers*, Cambridge MA, 1999
* *A Theory of Need in Marx*, London: Allison and Busby, 1976.
* *The Time is Out of Joint: Shakespeare as Philosopher of History*, Blackwell Publishers, Cambridge MA, 2000
* *Towards a Marxist Theory of Value*, Carbondale: University of Southern Illinois, Telos Books, 1972.

## Kaynakça
* R.J. Crampton *Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century-And Beyond*. Second Edition. London: Routledge, 1994.
* Ferenc Fehér and Agnes Heller (1983) *Hungary 1956 Revisited: The Message of a revolution- a Quarter of a Century After*, London, UK: George Allen and Unwin Publishers Ltd
* John Grumley (2005) *Ágnes Heller: A Moralist in the Vortex of History*, London, UK: Pluto Press
* Curriculum vitae of Ágnes Heller https://web.archive.org/web/20080408235627/http://www.newschool.edu/gf/phil/faculty/heller/cv.htm
* Agnes Heller (2000) *The Frankfurt School*, 2 December 2005 https://web.archive.org/web/20060909145433/http://www.duke.edu/literature/institute/heller.htm
* Csaba Polony *Interview with Ágnes Heller* https://web.archive.org/web/20051215125754/http://leftcurve.org/LC22WebPages/heller.html
* Simon Tormey (2001) *Ágnes Heller: Socialism, Autonomy and the Postmodern*, Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press
* Fu Qilin, "Budapest School Aesthetics: An Interview with Agnes Heller", *Thesis Eleven*,2008,V0l.1.num.94.
* Agnes Heller, "Preface to *A Study of Agnes Heller's thoughts about Aesthetic Modernity* by Fu Qilin", *Compatarative Literature*, 2006,vol.8, num.1

## Dış bağlantılar
* Collegium Budapest https://web.archive.org/web/20110513000247/http://www.colbud.hu/
* *Interview with Ágnes Heller: Post Marxism and the Ethics of Modernity*, *A Brief History of Radical Philosophy* 2005. 2 December 2005 https://web.archive.org/web/20051217002951/http://www.radicalphilosophy.com/default.asp?channel_id=2190&editorial_id=10186
* Heller, Ágnes. *The Three Logics of Modernity and the Double Bind of the Modern Imagination*, *Collegium Budapest*, 2 December 2005. https://web.archive.org/web/20070927014926/http://www.colbud.hu/main_old/PubArchive/PL/PL23-Heller.pdf (.pdf file)
* Robert Kuhn, *Marxism Overview*, 24 August 2004, 2 December 2005. http://www.anu.edu.au/polsci/marx/marx.html 
* Mikko Mäntysaari, *Ágnes Heller*, 2 December 2005 https://web.archive.org/web/20120717074903/http://www.netn.fi/395/netn_395_manty.html
* Liam McNamara, Michael E. Gardiner (2000) Critiques of Everyday Life, New York and London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-11314-8. 2 December 2005. https://web.archive.org/web/20080118075728/http://culturemachine.tees.ac.uk/Reviews/rev12.htm
* Simon Tormey Interviews with Agnes Heller (1998)” 1 February 2004. 2 December 2005. https://web.archive.org/web/20050831112437/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/simon.tormey/articles/hellerinterview.html
* Agnes Heller at University of Milan, Italy, 7 May 2008. http://www.secretum-online.it/default.php?idnodo=27&PHPSESSID=ad591fd197c3ef49ff811ed8c85128a5 
* Agnes Heller'la bir röportaj, "On Ethics of Personality", by Andrea Vestrucci, in Secretum 16-2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20110722052927/http://www.secretum-online.it/default.php?idnodo=720
* Beyond justice 
* Agnes Heller'la bir röportaj, Ágnes Heller

## Kaynakça