François Jacob

**François Jacob** (d. 17 Haziran 1920 –  ö. 19 Nisan 2013), Fransız biyolog. 1965 yılında Jacques Monod ve André Lwoff ile birlikte   Nobel Fizyoloji veya Tıp Ödülü  kazanmıştır.

## Araştırmaları
1961 yılında Jacob ve Monod, hücrelerde enzim düzeylerinin DNA dizilerinin transkripsiyonu ile kontrol edildiği fikrini keşfettiler. Onların deneyleri ve çalışmaları moleküler gelişimsel biyoloji ve özellikle trankskripsiyonel düzenlenme ile ilgili çalışmalara ivme kazandırdı.

Uzun yıllar boyunca bakteri ve diğer hücrelerin dış koşullara cevap olarak kendi anahtar metabolik enzimlerin seviyesini düzenleyerek ve / veya bu enzimlerin aktivitesi değiştirerek tepki verdiği bilinmekteydi. Jacob ve Monod bu düzenlemelerin DNA aracılı olduğunu söyleyerek yeni bir yol açmış oldular.

## Kitapları

**Sexuality and the Genetics of Bacteria* by E. L. Wollmann and François Jacob, published by Academic Press, 1961 
**The Possible & The Actual* by François Jacob, published in the United States by Pantheon Books, and in Canada by Random House of Canada, 1982 
**The Statue Within: An Autobiography* by François Jacob, translated from the 1987 French edition by Franklin Philip. Basic Books, 1988. ; yeni basım: 
**The Logic of Life* by François Jacob, translated from the 1976 French edition by Princeton University Press 1993 
**Of Flies, Mice and Men* by François Jacob, translated from the French edition and published by Harvard University Press, 1998 ISBN 

## Yayınları
*Jacob, F.; Perrin, D.; Sánchez, C.; Monod, J.; Edelstein, S. (2005). "The operon: A group of genes with expression coordinated by an operator. C.R.Acad. Sci. Paris 250 (1960) 1727-1729". Comptes rendus biologies 328 (6): 514–520.PMID 15999435.
*Ullmann, A.; Jacob, F.; Monod, J. (1968). "On the subunit structure of wild-type versus complemented beta-galactosidase of Escherichia coli". Journal of molecular biology 32 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(68)90140-X. PMID 4868117.
*Ullmann, A.; Jacob, F.; Monod, J. (1967). "Characterization by in vitro complementation of a peptide corresponding to an operator-proximal segment of the beta-galactosidase structural gene of Escherichia coli". Journal of molecular biology 24 (2): 339–343. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(67)90341-5. PMID 5339877.
*Ullmann, A.; Perrin, D.; Jacob, F.; Monod, J. (1965). "Identification, by in vitro complementation and purification, of a peptide fraction of Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase". Journal of molecular biology 12 (3): 918–923. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(65)80338-2. PMID 4285628.
*Willson, C.; Perrin, D.; Cohn, M.; Jacob, F.; Monod, J. (1964). "Non-Inducible Mutants of the Regulator Gene in the "lactose" System of Escherichia Coli". Journal of molecular biology 8: 582–592. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(64)80013-9.PMID 14153528.
*Jacob, F.; Ullman, A.; Monod, J. (1964). "The Promotor, A Genetic Element Necessary to the Expression of an Operon".Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l'Academie des sciences 258: 3125–3128. PMID 14143651.
*Jacob, F.; Monod, J. (1964). "Biochemical and Genetic Mechanisms of Regulation in the Bacterial Cell". Bulletin de la Société de chimie biologique 46: 1499–1532. PMID 14270538.
*Monod, J.; Changeux, J.; Jacob, F. (1963). "Allosteric proteins and cellular control systems". Journal of molecular biology 6: 306–329. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(63)80091-1. PMID 13936070.
*Jacob, F.; Sussman, R.; Monod, J. (1962). "On the nature of the repressor ensuring the immunity of lysogenic bacteria".Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l'Academie des sciences 254: 4214–4216. PMID 14036499.
*Jacob, F.; Monod, J. (1961). "Genetic regulatory mechanisms in the synthesis of proteins". Journal of molecular biology 3: 318–356. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(61)80072-7. PMID 13718526.
*Monod, J.; Jacob, F. (1961). "Teleonomic mechanisms in cellular metabolism, growth, and differentiation". Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology 26: 389–401. PMID 14475415.
*Perrin, D.; Jacob, F.; Monod, J. (1960). "Induced biosynthesis of a genetically modified protein not presenting affinity for the inductor". Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l'Academie des sciences 251: 155–157. PMID 13734531.
*Buttin, G.; Jacob, F.; Monod, J. (1960). "Constituent synthesis of galactokinase following the development of lambda bacteriophages in Escherichia coli K 12". Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l'Academie des sciences 250: 2471–2473. PMID 13806544.
*Jacob, F.; Perrin, D.; Sanchez, C.; Monod, J. (Feb 1960). "Operon: a group of genes with the expression coordinated by an operator". Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l'Academie des sciences 250 (6): 1727–1729.doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2005.04.005. ISSN 0001-4036. PMID 14406329.
*Jacob, F.; Monod, J. (1959). "Genes of structure and genes of regulation in the biosynthesis of proteins". Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l'Academie des sciences 249: 1282–1284. PMID 14406327.
*Pardee, A.; Jacob, F.; Monod, J. (1958). "The role of the inducible alleles and the constrtutive alleles in the synthesis of beta-galactosidase in zygotes of Escherichia coli". Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l'Academie des sciences 246 (21): 3125–3128. PMID 13547552.
*Jacob, F.; Torriani, A.; Monod, J. (1951). "Effect of ultraviolet rays on the biosynthesis of galactosidase and on the multiplication of T2 bacteriophage in Escherichia coli". Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l'Academie des sciences 233 (20): 1230–1232. PMID 14905606.

## Kaynakça

## Dış bağlantılar
*Nobel biography
* François Jacob tells his life story at Web of Stories (video)
*  L'Académie française
*Discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis.