Şam hükümdarları listesi

Antik zamanlardan günümüze **[[Şam]] hükümdarları listesi**

## [[Kenan]]
*Uz ben Shem (c. 2500 BC)
*Biryawaza (14th century BC)

## [[Aramiler|Arami]]-Damascus
*Rezon I (c. 950 BC)
*Tabrimmon
*Ben-Hadad I (c. 885 BCE-c. 865 BC)
*Hadadezer (c. 865 BC-c. 842 BC)
*Hazael (c. 842 BC-c. 804 BC)
*Ben-Hadad III (c. 796 BC)
*Tab-El (c. 770 BC)
*Rezon II (c. 740 BC-732 BC)

## Bağımsız olmayan dönem
*Asurlulara bağlı (732 BC-609 BC)
**Ilu-Ittia (yaklaşık 8. yüzyıl BC)
*Babil'e bağlı (609 BC-539 BC)
*Ahameniş İmparatorluğu'na bağlı (539 BC-332 BC)
*Makedonya'ya bağlı (332 BC-323 BC)
*Antigonos Hanedanı'na bağlı (323 BC-301 BC)
*Ptolemaios Krallığı'na bağlı (301 BC-198 BC)
*Seleukos İmparatorluğu'na bağlı (198 BC-167 BC)
*Ituraea'ya bağlı (167 BC-110 BC) (Seleukos'dan yarı bağımsız)
*Dekapolis'e bağlı (110 BC-85 BC) (Seleukos'dan yarı bağımsız)
*Nebatî Krallığı'na bağlı (85 BC-64 BC)
*Roma Cumhuriyeti/Roma İmparatorluğu/Bizans İmparatorluğu (64 BC-635)
**Gassanilere bağlı (529-584; ?-635)

## [[Dört Halife]]
*Halid bin Velid (635-636)
*Ebu Ubeyde bin Cerrah (636-637)
*Amr bin Âs (637-640)
*Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan (640)
*Muaviye bin Ebu Süfyan (640-661)

## [[Emevîler]]
*Muâviye bin Ebu Süfyan (661-680)
*Yezîd bin Muâviye (680-683)
*Ebu Laylâ Muâviye bin Yezîd (683-684)
*Mervân bin Hakem (684-685)
*Abdülmelik bin Mervan (685-705)
*Ebu'l-Abbas el-Velid Bin Abdülmelik (705-715
*Süleyman bin Abdülmelik (715-717)
*Ömer bin Abdülazîz (717-720 )
*Yezîd bin Abdülmelik (720-724)
*Hişâm bin Abdülmelik (724-743)
*Velîd bin Yezîd (743-744)
*Yezîd bin Velîd (744)
*İbrahim bin Velîd (744)
*Mervân bin Muhammed (Yukarı Mezopotamya, Harran'dan yönetmiştir, 744-750)

## [[Abbâsîler|Abbâsî]] emirleri
*Abdallah ibn Ali (750-754)
*Salih ibn Ali (754)
*Abd al-Wahhab ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Abbasi(754-764)
*Al-Fadl ibn Salih (766-775)
*Ebu Cafer Harun er-Reşid (783-786)
*Ibrahim ibn as-Salih ibn Ali (791-793)
*Musa ibn Yahya al-Barmaki (793-794)
*Abd al-Malik ibn Salih (794-797)
*Ja'far ibn Yahya (797-803)
*Shu'ayb ibn Khazim (803-804)
*Yahya ibn Mu'adh ibn Muslim (806-808)
*Abd al-Malik ibn Salih (810-811)
*Sulayman ibn al-Mansur (811-815)
*Tahir ibn al-Husein (815-821)
*Abdallah ibn Tahir (821-822)
*Ebu İshak Abbas el-Mutasım Billâh (828-829)
*al-Abbas ibn al-Ma'mun (829-833)
*'Ali ibn Ishaq (833-841)
*Rija ibn Ayyub al-Hadari (841-847)
*Malik ibn Sauq al-Taglibi (847-850)
*Ibrahim al-Muyad ibn Mutawakkil (850-855)
*al-Fath ibn Hakan al-Turki (856-861)
*'Isa ibn Muhammad ibn al-Shayh (861-864)
*Isa ibn Muhammad al-Nawshari.(c. 866)
*Isa ibn al-Shaykh al-Shaybani, asi vali (c. 867-870)
*Amajur al-Turki (870-878)
*'Ali ibn Amajur al-Turki (878)
*Mısır Tolunoğulları'na bağlı (877-896)
*Tuğç bin Cuff (896–905)
*Ahmad ibn Kayghalagh (905–906)
*al-Rashidi (928–931)
*Muhammed bin Toğaç (931–935)
*Mısır İhşîdîler'e bağlı (935-969), istisnalar:
**to İbn Râik (939–942)
**Muhammad ibn Yazdad al-Shahrzuri (943-945)
**Seyfü'd Devle (945'te kısa bir dönem ve 947)

## [[Fâtımîler|Fâtımî]] emirleri
*Abu Ali Ja'far ibn Fallah al-Kutami (970-971)

;Karmatîlerin Şam'ı işgali
*Zalim ibn Mauhab al-Ukayli (973-974)
*Jaysh ibn Muhammad (974)
*Rayn al-Mu'izzi (974)
*Alptekin el-Mûizzi (975-978)
*Qassam al-Turab (978-983)
;Fâtımîlerin Şam'ı geri alması
*Baltakin al-Turki (983)
*Bakcur (983-991)
*Ya'qub al-Siqlabi (991)
*Mançutekin (993-996)
*Sulayman ibn Fallah (996)
*Bishara al-Ikhshidi (997-998)
*Jaysh ibn Muhammad (998-1000)
*Sulayman ibn Fallah (1000–1002)
*Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn Jafar (1002–1004)
*Abu Salih Muflih al-Lihyani (1004–1009)
*Hamid ibn Mulham (1009)
*Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1010–1011)
*Badr al-Attar (1011–1012)
*Abu Abdallah al-Muzahhir (1012–1014)
*Abd ar-Rahman ibn Ilyas (1015–1021)
*Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1021–1023)
*Shihab ad-Dawlah Shah Tegin (1023–1024)
*Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1024–1028)
*Anushtakin ad-Dizbari (1028–1041)
*Nasir ad-Dawlah al-Hamdani (1041–1048)
*Baha ad-Dawlah Takiq al-Saklabi (1048–1049)
*Rifq al-Khadim (1049)
*Mu'in ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Adud ad-Dawlah (1049–1058)
*Makin ad-Dawlah Abu Ali al-Hasan ibn 'Ali (1058)
*Nasir ad-Dawlah al-Hamdani (1058–1060)
*Sebuq Tegin (1060)
*Muwaffaq ad-Dawlah Jauhar al-Mustansiri (1060–1061)
*Hasam ad-Dawlah ibn al-Bachinaki (1061)
*Uddat ad-Dawlah ibn al-Husein (1061)
*Mu'in ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Adud ad-Dawla (1061–1063)
*Bedr el-Cemâli (1063)
*Hisn ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Mansur (1063–1067)
*Qutb ad-Din Baris Tegin (1068–1069)
*Hisn ad-Dawlah Mualla al-Kitami (1069–1071)
*Zain ad-Dawlah Intisar ibn Yahya al-Masmudi (1075–1076)

## [[Selçuklu Hanedanı|Selçuklu]] emirleri
*Atsız bin Uvak (1076–1079)
*I. Tutuş (1079–1095)
*Dukak (1095–1104)
*II. Tutuş (1104)
*Ertaş (1104)

## [[Böriler|Böri]] emirleri
*Tuğtekin (1104–1128)
*Tacülmülk Böri (1128–1132)
*Şemsülmülk İsmail (1132–1135)
*Şehabeddin Mahmud (1135–1139)
*Cemaleddin Muhammed (1139–1140)
**[[Muinüddin Üner]]* (Naip, 1140–1149)
*Mucireddin Abak (1140–1154)

## [[Zengîler|Zengi]] [[atabeg]]leri
* Nûreddin Mahmud Zengî (1154–1174)
* el-Melikü's-Sâlih İmâdüddin İsmâil (1174)

## [[Eyyûbîler|Eyyûbî]] emirleri (bazıları aynı zamanda Mısır Sultanıdır)
* Selahaddin Eyyubi (1174–1186)
* Afdal bin Selâhaddîn (1186–1196)
* I. Adil (1196–1218)
* Muazzam bin Adil (1218–1227)
* Nasır Davud (1227–1229)
* Al-Ashraf (1229–1237)
* Sâlih İsmail (1237)
* Kamil bin Adil (1237–1238)
* II. Âdil (1238–1239)
* es-Sâlih Eyyûb (1239)
* Sâlih İsmail (1239–1245)
* es-Sâlih Eyyûb (1245–1249)
* Muazzam Turanşah (1249–1250)
* An-Nasir Yusuf (1250–1260)

## [[Memlûk Devleti]] naipleri
*Sanjar as-Salihi (Ağustos 1260–Ekim 1260)
*Taybars al-Waziri (Ekim 1260–1264)
*Aqush as-Salihi (1264–)
*Sunqur al-Ashqar (1275–1280)
*Lajin al-Ashqar (1280-?)
*Aqush Bey (yaklaşık 1290s)
*İzzeddin Aybek (?-1296)
*Shuja ad-Din Adirlu (1296–1297)
*Sayf ad-Din Kipchak (1297–1312)
*Sayf ad-Din Tanqiz as-Nasiri (1312–1340)
*Yilbugha an-Nasiri (1340–1350)
*Sayf ad-Din Manjak (1350)
*Tash Timur (yaklaşık 1380)
*Yilbugha al-Nasiri (?-1393)
*Sayf ad-Din Tanibak (1393–1399)
*Sudun (1399–1400)
*Timur tarafından işgal edildi (1400–1401)
*Taghribirdi az-Zahiri (1401-?)
*Kijmas (yaklaşık 1470'ler)
*Ghazali Arab (yaklaşık 16. yüzyıl)
*Sibai (yaklaşık 16. yüzyıl)
*Shihab ad-Din Ahmad (1516–1517)
*Canberdi Gazâlî (1518–1521)

## [[Osmanlı İmparatorluğu|Osmanlı]] valileri

*Yunus Paşa (yaklaşık 1516)
*Canberdi Gazâlî (1518–1521)
*Ayas Mehmed Paşa (1521–1522)
*Serdar Ferhat Paşa (1522–1523)
*Hurram Paşa (1523–1525)
*Sulayman Paşa al-Tawashi (1525–1526)
*Lütfü Paşa (1526–1528)
*İsa Bey Paşa Chenderli (1528–1531)
*Mustafa Ablak Paşa (1531–1534)
*Lütfü Paşa (1534–1535)
*İsa Bey Paşa Chenderli (1535)
*Muhammad Kuzal Paşa (1536–1537)
*Topal Sulayman Paşa (1537–1538)
*Ahmed Paşa I (1538–1539)
*Qese Husrau Paşa (1539–1541)
*Isa Paşa (1541–1543)
*Piri Paşa (1543–1545)
*Hadım Sinan Paşa (1545–1550)
*Piri Paşa (1550–1551)
*Muhammad Paşa Bartaki (1551–1552)
*Şemsi Ahmed Paşa (1552–1555)
*Hizr Paşa (1555–1561)
*Ali Paşa Lankun (1561–1563)
*Khusrau Paşa I (1563)
*Lala Mustafa Paşa (1563–1569)
*Murad Paşa Shaitan (1569)
*Ali Paşa Lankun (1569–1570)
*Haji Ahmed Paşa (1570–1571)
*Lala Jafar Paşa (1574–1575)
*Murad Paşa (1575–1577)
*Sokolluzade Hasan Paşa (1577–1581)
*Bahram Paşa (1581–1582)
*Hüseyin Paşa Boljanić (1582–1583)
*Sokolluzade Hasan Paşa (1583)
*Qubad Sulayman Paşa (1584)
*Sokolluzade Hasan Paşa (1585–1586)
*Üveys Paşa (1586–1587)
*Muhammad Paşa Farhad (1587–1588)
*Üveys Paşa (1588–1589)
*Elwanzade Ali Paşa (1589–1590)
*Koca Sinan Paşa (1590)
*Sokolluzade Hasan Paşa (1590–1591)
*Mustafa Paşa I (1591–1592)
*Damat Halil Paşa (1592–1593)
*Qachirji Mohammad Paşa (1593–1594)
*Sokolluzade Hasan Paşa (1594)
*Murad Paşa (1594–1595)
*Khusrau Paşa II (1595–1596)
*Razia Hutunzade Mustafa Paşa (1596–1597)
*Yusuf Sinan Paşa (1597–1598)
*Ahmed Paşa II (1598)
*Ahmed Paşa III (1598)
*Khusrau Paşa II (1599)
*Emir Mehmed Paşa (1599–1600)
*Osman Paşa (1601–1603)
*Farhad Paşa Bustanji (1603–1604)
*Mustafa Paşa II (1604–1607)
*Mahmud Paşa (1607–1608)
*Sofu Sinan Paşa (1608–1609)
*Ahmad al-Hafiz (1609–1615)
*Silahdar Mehmed Paşa (1615–1618)
*Hafız Ahmed Paşa (1618–1619)
*Mustafa Paşa III (1619–1620)
*Süleyman Paşa I (1620–1621)
*Murtaza Paşa Bustanji (1621–1622)
*Mehmed Paşa Rushand (1622–1623)
*Mustafa Paşa al-Hannaq (1623–1624)
*Niğdeli Mustafa Paşa (1624–1625)
*Gürcü Mehmed Paşa I (1625–1626)
*Tayar Oğlu Mehmed Paşa (1626–1628)
*Küçük Ahmed Paşa (1628–1629)
*Mustafa Paşa IV (1629–1630)
*Nawaya Mehmed Paşa (1630–1631)
*İlyas Paşa (1632–1633)
*Deli Yusuf Paşa (1633–1635)
*Küçük Ahmed Paşa (1635–1636)
*Dervish Mehmed Paşa (1636–1638)
*Mustafa Paşa IV (1638–1639)
*Chifteli Othman Paşa (1639–1640)
*Mehmed Paşa I (1640–1641)
*Serji Ahmed Paşa (1641–1642)
*Melik Ahmed Paşa (1642–1643)
*Sultanzade Mehmed Paşa (1643)
*Silihdar Yusuf Paşa (1643–1644)
*Gurju Mehmed Paşa II (1644–1645)
*Ibrahim Paşa I (1645)
*Mehmed Paşa Salami (1645–1646)
*Gürcê Mehmed (1646)
*Silahdar Yusuf Paşa (1646–1647)
*Sufi Murteza Paşa (1647)
*Sofu Mehmed Paşa (1648)
*İbşir Mustafa Paşa (1649)
*Mehmed Paşa II (1649–1650)
*Silahdar Murtaza Paşa (1650)
*Sivaslı Mustafa Paşa (1650)
*Haseki Mehmed Paşa (1650–1652)
*Defterzade Mehmed Paşa (1653–1655)
*Kara Murat Paşa (1655; makamı üstlenmeden önce yolda ölmüştür)
*Haseki Mehmed Paşa (1656)
*Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Paşa (1659–1661)
*Sulayman Paşa II (1661–1663)
*Ribleli Mustafa Paşa (1663–1665)
*Salih Paşa I (1665–1666)
*Qara Mustafa Paşa (1666–1667)
*Mehmed Paşa Chewish Oglu (1667–1669)
*Ibrahim Paşa Shaytan (1669–1671)
*Abazekh Husein Paşa (1671–1672)
*Qara Mehmed Paşa (1672–1673)
*Ibrahim Paşa Shushman (1673–1674)
*Qer Husein Paşa (1674–1675)
*Ibrahim Paşa II (1675–1676)
*Bosniak Osman Paşa (1676–1679)
*Abazekh Husein Paşa (1679–1683)
*Ibrahim Paşa III (1684)
*Bosniak Osman Paşa (1684–1685)
*Kaplan Paşa (1686–1687)
*Arap Salih Paşa (1687–1688)
*Hamza Paşa (1688–1689)
*Bozoklu Mustafa Paşa (1690)
*Murtaza Paşa (1690–1691)
*Gürcü Mehmed Paşa III (1691–1692)
*Çelebi İsmail Paşa (1692–1693)
*İbşir Mustafa Paşa (1693–1694)
*Silihdar Osman Paşa (1695–1696)
*Silihdar Buuqli Mustafa Paşa (1696–1697)
*Ahmad Paşa Hacigirai (1697–1698)
*Silihdar Husein Paşa (1699)
*Silihdar Hasan Paşa (1700)
*Arslan Mehmed Paşa Matracyoghlu (1701)
*Salih Agha (1702)
*Mehmed Paşa Kurd-Bayram (1702–1703)
*Osman Paşa Arnavud (1703)
*Arslan Mehmed Paşa Matracyoghlu (1703–1704)
*Defterdar Mustafa Paşa (1704)
*Firari Hüseyin Paşa (1704–1705)
*Mehmed Paşa Kurd-Bayram (1705–1706)
*Baltacı Süleyman Paşa (1706–1707)
*Yusuf Paşa Qapudan (1707-1708)
*Nasuh Paşa al-Aydini (1708–1712)
*Jarkas Muhammad Paşa (1713-1715)
*Tubal Yusuf Paşa (1715-1716)
*Ibrahim Paşa Qapudan (1716)
*Recep Paşa (1716)
*Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Paşa (1716–1717)
*Köprülü Abdullah Paşa (1716–1717)
*Recep Paşa (1717-1718)
*Uthman Paşa Abu Tawq (1719-1721)
*Ali Paşa Maqtul (1721–1722)
*Uthman Paşa Abu Tawq (1723–1725)
*Ismail Paşa al-Azm (1725–1730)
*Abdullah Paşa al-Aydinli (1731–1734)
*Sulayman Paşa al-Azm (1734–1738)
*Husayn Paşa al-Bustanji (1738)
*Uthman Paşa al-Muhassil (1739–1740)
*Ali Paşa Abu Qili (1740)
*Sulayman Paşa al-Azm (1741–1743)
*As'ad Paşa al-Azm (1743–1757)
*Husayn Paşa ibn Makki (1757)
*Abdullah Paşa al-Jatahji (1757-1759)
*Muhammad Paşa al-Shalik (1759–1760)
*Uthman Paşa al-Kurji (1760–1771)
*Muhammad Paşa al-Azm (1771–1772)
*Hafiz Mustafa Paşa Bustanji (1773–1783)
*Mehmed Paşa al-Kurji (1783)
*Darwish Paşa al-Kurji (1783–1784)
*Cezzâr Ahmed Paşa (1784–1786)
*Husayn Paşa Battal (1786–1787)
*Abdi Paşa (1787–1788)
*Ibrahim Paşa al-Halabi (1788–1789)
*Cezzâr Ahmed Paşa (1790–1795)
*Abdullah Paşa al-Azm (1795–1798)
*Cezzâr Ahmed Paşa (1798–1799)
*Abdullah Paşa al-Azm (1799–1803)
*Cezzâr Ahmed Paşa (1803–1804)
*Abdullah Paşa al-Azm (1804-807)
*Kunj Yusuf Paşa (1807–1810)
*Sulayman Paşa al-Adil (1810-1812)
*Silahdar Süleyman Paşa (Şubat 1812–Mayıs 1816)
*Sulayman Paşa al-Adil (1816; vekaleten)
*Hafiz Amasyali Ali Paşa (1816–Mart 1817)
*Salih Paşa (Mart 1817–1817)
*Izmirli Süleyman Paşa (1817–1819)
*Burdurlu Derviş Mehmed Paşa (1819–1822)
*Beylanli Mustafa Paşa (June 1822–April 1823)
*Salih Paşa (April 1823–January 1824)
*Muftizade Ahmed Paşa (1824–Mayıs 1824)
*Haci Veliyeddin Paşa (1825–1826)
*Hakkı İsmail Paşa (Ekim1826–1827)
*İzmirli Haci Salih Paşa (1827–1828)
*Mehmed Emin Rauf Paşa (1828–1831)
*Benderli Mehmed Selim Sırrı Paşa (1831–1832)
*Mısır'a bağlı, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'ndan özerk
**Ahmed Bey (1831–1832)
**Kavalalı İbrahim Paşa (1832)
**Muhammed Şerif Paşa (1832–1838)
**boş (1838–1840)
*İzzet Mehmed Paşa (1840–1841)
*Reşid Mehmed Paşa (1841–1844)
*Mehmed Namık Paşa (1845–1846)
*Rıza Paşa (1845–1846)
*Musa Safveti Paşa (1846)
*Namık Paşa (1848)
*Osman Nuri Paşa (1848–1849)
*Mehmed Namık Paşa (1849–1850)
*Damad Mehmed Said Paşa (1850–1852)
*İzzet Mehmed Paşa (1852)
*Açaf Paşa (1852–1854)
*Arif Mehmed Paşa (1854–1855)
*Salih Vamık Paşa (1855)
*Mahmud Nedim Paşa (1855–1857)
*İzzet Ahmed Paşa (1857)
*Ali Paşa II (1858)
*Halil Kamili Paşa (1858-1859)
*Mu'amer Paşa (1860)
*Mehmed Fuad Paşa (1860–1861)
*Ahmed Paşa IV (1861)
*Emin Muhlis Paşa (1861–1862)
*Reşid Mehmed Paşa (1862–1864)
*Mütercim Mehmed Rüşdi Paşa (1864–1865)
*Mehmed Raşid Paşa (1865–1871)
*Subhi Paşa (1871–1873)
*Sherif Mehmed Re'uf Paşa (1873–1874)
*Esad Paşa (1874–1875)
*Ahmed Hamdi Paşa (1875–1876)
*Ahmed Paşa V (1876–1877)
*Küçük Ömer Fevzi Paşa (1877–1878)
*Ali Haydar Midhat Paşa (1878–1879)
*Hamdi Paşa (1880–1885)
*Raşid Naşid Paşa (1885–1888)
*Manastırlı Mehmed Nazif Paşa (1888–1889)
*Mustafa Asim Paşa (1889–1891)
*Topal Osman Nuri Paşa (1891–1892)
*Şerif Mehmed Rauf Paşa (1892–1894)
*Haçi Osman Nuri Paşa (1894–1895)
*Hasan Refik Paşa (1896–1897)
*Nâzım Paşa (1897–1906)
*İbrahim Şükrü Paşa (1906–1909)
*İsmail Fazıl Bey (1909–1911)
*İsmail Galip Bey (1911–1912)
*Kazım Paşa (1912–1913)
*Arif Bey (1913)
*Mehmed Arif Bey Mardin (1914)
*Cemal Paşa (1915)
*Azmi Paşa (1915–1916)
*Tahsin Bey (1916–1918)
*Mehmed Gabriel Paşa (1918)
*Şükrü Paşa (Ekim 1–2, 1918)

## [[Suriye Arap Krallığı]]
*I. Faysal (1918–1920)

## Suriye'nin başkenti

*Fransız Suriye Mandası (1920-1946)
*Suriye Cumhuriyeti (1946-1958)
*Birleşik Arap Cumhuriyeti (1958-1961)
*Suriye Arap Cumhuriyeti (1961-günümüz)

## Ayrıca bakınız

## Kaynakça
;Özel

;Genel
*