Multics

**Multics** ("**Multiplexed Information and Computing Service**") eskiden kullanılmış aynı anda birkaç işlem yapabilen (time-sharing) işletim sistemi idi. Proje 1964 yılında Cambridge, Massachusetts'de başlamıştır. Son çalışan işletim sistemi ise 30 Ekim 2000'de Kanada Ulusal Savunma Departmanı'nda kullanılmış ve daha sonra kapatılmıştır.

## Konuyla ilgili yayınlar
Literatürde Multics hakkında birçok belge ve çeşitli bileşen vardır.; Multics hakkında bir belge listesi ve bilgilendirici belgeler aşağıda gösterilmiştir.
* F. J. Corbató, V. A. Vyssotsky, ''Introduction and Overview of the Multics System''   (AFIPS 1965)
* F. J. Corbató, C. T. Clingen, J. H. Saltzer, ''Multics — The First Seven Years'' 
* J. J. Donovan, S. Madnick, Operating Systems
* J. J. Donovan, Systems Programming

### Teknik detaylar
* Jerome H. Saltzer, *[https://web.archive.org/web/20060918161127/http://www.lcs.mit.edu/publications/specpub.php?id=691 Introduction to Multics]*
* Elliott I. Organick, *The Multics System: An Examination of Its Structure* (MIT Press, 1972) is the standard work on the system, although it documents an early version, and some features described therein never appeared in the actual system.
* V. A. Vyssotsky, F. J. Corbató, R. M. Graham, *[http://www.multicians.org/fjcc3.html Structure of the Multics Supervisor]* (AFIPS 1965) describes the basic internal structure of the Multics kernel.
* Jerome H. Saltzer, *[https://web.archive.org/web/20011127053649/http://ncstrl.mit.edu/Dienst/UI/2.0/Describe/ncstrl.mit_lcs/LCS-TR-30?abstract=saltzer Traffic Control in a Multiplexed Computer System]*
* R. C. Daley, P. G. Neumann, *[http://www.multicians.org/fjcc4.html A General Purpose File System for Secondary Storage] *
* R. J. Feiertag, E. I. Organick, *[http://www.multicians.org/rjf.html The Multics Input/Output System]*. 
* A. Bensoussan, C. T. Clingen, R. C. Daley, *[http://www.multicians.org/multics-vm.html The Multics Virtual Memory: Concepts and Design] *, (ACM SOSP, 1969)
* Paul Green, *[ftp://ftp.stratus.com/pub/vos/multics/pg/mvm.html Multics Virtual Memory - Tutorial and Reflections] * 
* Roger R. Schell, *Dynamic Reconfiguration in a Modular Computer System*  (MIT Project MAC, 1971) describes the reconfiguration mechanisms.

### Güvenlik
* Paul A. Karger, Roger R. Schell, *[http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/history/karg74.pdf Multics Security Evaluation: Vulnerability Analysis] * (Air Force Electronic Systems Division, 1974) describes the classic attacks on Multics security by a "tiger team".
* Jerome H. Saltzer, Michael D. Schroeder, *[http://cap-lore.com/CapTheory/ProtInf/ The Protection of Information in Computer Systems] * (Proceedings of the IEEE, September 1975) describes the fundamentals behind the first round of security upgrades; another classic paper.
* M. D. Schroeder, D. D. Clark, J. H. Saltzer, D. H. Wells. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20011124185621/http://ncstrl.mit.edu/Dienst/UI/2.0/Describe/ncstrl.mit_lcs/LCS-TR-196?abstract=saltzer Final Report of the Multics Kernel Design Project]* (MIT LCS, 1978) 
* Paul A. Karger, Roger R. Schell, *[http://www.acsac.org/2002/papers/classic-multics.pdf Thirty Years Later: Lessons from the Multics Security Evaluation]* (IBM, 2002)

## Kaynakça

## Dış bağlantılar
* multicians.org 
** Multics papers online
** Multics glossary 
** Myths
** Multics security
** Unix and Multics 
** Multics general info and FAQ 
* Honeywell, Inc., MULTICS records, 1965-1982. Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota.
* Official source code archive at MIT
* Link page to various Multics information
* [ftp://ftp.stratus.com/pub/vos/multics/multics.html Multics repository at Stratus Computer] 
* Multics at Universitaet Mainz
* Active project to emulate the Honeywell 6180 Multics CPU
* Various scanned Multics manuals 
* Multicians.org and the History of Operating Systems