Christopher Wren

**Christopher Wren** (d. 20 Ekim 1632 - ö. 25 Şubat 1723) 17. yüzyıl İngiltere'sinde yaşamış tasarımcı, gök bilimci, geometri uzmanı ve çağının en tanınmış mimarlarındandır. 1666 Büyük Londra Yangını'nın ardından ortaya çıkan tahribattan sonra, St Paul Katedrali'nin de aralarında bulunduğu 53 Londra kilisesinin yanı sıra birçok kamu binasını tasarlamıştır. Royal Society adını verdiği eğitim akademisini kurmuş ve 1680-82 yılları arasında da başkanlığını yapmıştır. Isaac Newton ve Blaise Pascal yürütmüş olduğu çalışmaların üzerine yeni yorumlar getirmişlerdir.

2 Eylül 1666 tarihinde başlayan ve 3 gün boyunca kentte hüküm süren Büyük Londra Yangını'ndan sonra, 1668 yılında, kentte başlatılan bayındırlık çalışmaları çerçevesinde yıkılmış St Paul Katedrali'nin  onarım görevi diğer 52 mahalle kilisesi ile birlikte Christopher Wren'e verildi. Bir önceki katedralin plan ve çizimlerine göre, eski katedralin üzerine bir yenisini inşa etme önerisi 1669 yılında reddedildi. 1670-1673 arasında tasarladığı Yunan Haçı biçimindeki çizimlerde çok radikal olduğu gerekçesiyle geri çevrildi. Üçüncü ve kabul gören tasarımın yapımına 1675 yılının haziranında başlandı.

Bunun yanında dönemin İngiltere Kralı II. Charles'ın isteği doğrultusunda Christopher Wren ve Robert Hooke tarafından, yangının almış olduklarını anmak amacıyla bir anıt tasarlandı ve felaketin başlangıç noktası olan Pudding Sokağı'na yakın bir noktaya dikildi.

Wren, 25 Şubat 1723'te oğlunun evinde soğuk algınlığı ile başlayan hastalığı ağırlaşınca öldü. Mimarı olduğu St Paul Katedrali'nin mahzenlerinden birinde, siyah mermer kapaklı bir mezara gömüldü. Mezar taşının üzerine Latince "*Lector, si monumentum requiris, circumspice*"  - (*Ey okuyan! Eğer O'nun anıtını arıyorsan etrafına bak*) yazılıdır.

## Mimari Eserleri

File:Sheldonian Oxford (cropped).jpg|Sheldonian Theatre, Oxford University
File:Sheldonian Theatre Interior, Oxford, UK - Diliff.jpg|Interior, Sheldonian Theatre, Oxford University
FIle:Tom Quad, Christ Church, Oxford (cropped).jpg|Tom Tower, Christ Church, Oxford
File:St Pauls Cathedral from West adj.JPG|St Paul's Cathedral, west front
File:Saint Paul's cathedral, London 1.jpg|St Paul's Cathedral, north side with the Chapter House (also by Wren)
File:South facade of St Paul's Cathedral 2011 1.jpg|St Paul's Cathedral, south transept & dome
File:Saint.pauls.cathedral.verytop.arp.jpg|The Lantern, St Paul's Cathedral
File:Londres 125..jpg|Top of north-west tower, St Paul's Cathedral
File:St Paul's Cathedral Nave, London, UK - Diliff.jpg|The nave of St Paul's Cathedral
File:Dome of st pauls.jpg|St Paul's Cathedral, interior of the dome
File:Temple Bar Gate 2011 1.jpg|Temple Bar, London
File:ISH WC Trinity4.jpg|Wren Library, Trinity College, Cambridge
File:WrenLibraryCambridge.jpg|Wren Library, Trinity College, Cambridge University, from the river
File:WrenLibraryInterior.jpg|Wren Library interior, Trinity College, Cambridge University
File:Marlboroughvitbrit edited.jpg|Marlborough House, Westminster as designed by Wren
File:Marlborough House.jpg|Marlborough House, Westminster as altered
File:Hampton Court Palace from the Privy Garden.jpg|Hampton Court Palace, south front
File:Hampton Court 01.jpg|Hampton Court Palace, east front
File:Kensington Palace (24073555941).jpg|Kensington Palace, south front
File:Royal Hospital Chelsea south front.JPG|Royal Hospital, Chelsea, south front
File:Chapel of the Royal Hospital Chelsea.jpg|Royal Hospital Chelsea, The Chapel
File:Chelsea Pensioners, London.JPG|Royal Hospital Chelsea, Dining Hall
File:Greenwich Hospital from Thames.jpg|Greenwich Hospital, north front
File:Painted-hall-rnc-gw.jpg|Greenwich Hospital, Painted Hall
File:Greenwich naval college dome1.jpg|Greenwich Hospital, the Dome, Painted Hall
File:Church of St Bride.jpg|St Bride's, Fleet Street, spire
File:StMaryLeBowChurch.jpg|St Mary-le-Bow, steeple
File:St Mary-le-Bow Church Interior 1, London, UK - Diliff.jpg|St Mary-le-Bow, interior
File:St Benet Paul's Wharf (14358111132).jpg|St Benet's, Paul's Wharf
File:St Margaret Pattens.jpg|St Margaret Pattens
File:Iglesia de San Lawrence Jewry, Londres, Inglaterra, 2014-08-11, DD 138.JPG|St Lawrence Jewry
File:St Mary Abchurch-Painted Interior of Dome.jpg|St Mary Abchurch, interior of dome
File:City parish churches - St. Mary Abchurch - geograph.org.uk - 491078.jpg|St Mary Abchurch
File:St Peter upon Cornhill 3.JPG|St Peter upon Cornhill
File:St Stephen's, Walbrook.jpg|St Stephen's, Walbrook, exterior
File:Interior St Stephen Walbrook.jpg|St Stephen's, Walbrook, interior
File:Christ-Church-Newgate-1812-Shepherd.jpg|Christchurch, Newgate Street
File:St magnus-the-martyr.jpg|St Magnus-the-Martyr, steeple
File:St Magnus-the-Martyr Church Interior 1 - Diliff.jpg|St Magnus-the-Martyr, interior
File:London, UK (August 2014) - 117.JPG|St Vedast Foster Lane
File:Church of St Jamess Piccadilly 2 (5123798865).jpg|St James Piccadilly
File:Nave of St James's Church, Piccadilly.jpg|St James Piccadilly, interior
File:St Clement Danes London April 2006 081.jpg|St Clement Danes
File:Saint Clement Danes Church, London, UK - Diliff.jpg|St Clement Danes, interior
File:MartinLudgate.jpg|St Martin within Ludgate
File:The Monument to the Great Fire of London.JPG|The Monument to the Great Fire of London
File:Emmanuel College Front Court, Cambridge, UK - Diliff.jpg|Emmanuel College, Cambridge, the Chapel
File:Greenwich-Royal Observatory-016.jpg|The Royal Observatory Greenwich
File:Wren's sectional plan of Drury Lane, 1674.jpg|Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, London, demolished and rebuilt. Attributed to Wren; the plan is unsigned.
File:Wren Library - geograph.org.uk - 127737.jpg|Wren Library, Lincoln Cathedral
File:Winslow Hall Giano.gif|Winslow Hall, Buckinghamshire
File:The Chapel Pembroke College3.jpg|The Chapel, Pembroke College, Cambridge
File:The Chapel Pembroke College2.jpg|The interior looking west, The Chapel, Pembroke College, Cambridge University
File:The Sir John Moore Church Of England School.jpg|Sir John Moore Church of England Primary School, Appleby Magna, Leicestershire
File:Christopher Wren Hampton Court Green blue plaque.jpg|Blue plaque, Hampton Court Green
File:Christopher Wren's house.jpg|Christopher Wren's alleged house on Bankside
File:Christopher Wren's house plaque.jpg|Christopher Wren's house plaque, its claims disproved by Gillian Tindall