Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde Cumhuriyetçilik

**[[Cumhuriyetçilik]]**, **Amerika Birleşik Devletleri**nin rehber siyasi ideolojisidir. Amerikan Devriminden itibaren Amerikan sivil düşüncesinin büyük bir kısmını meydana getirmiştir. Merkezi değerler olarak özgürlük ve doğal hakları almaktadır; halkı topluca egemen kılmaktadır, monarşi, aristokrasi ve siyasi iktidarın akrabalık ile devredilmesine karşıdır, yurttaşların sivil görevlerini yerine getirmede bağımsız olmalarını beklemektedir ve siyasi yozlaşmaya karşıdır. Amerikan cumhuriyetçiliği 18. yüzyılda Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nin kurucu babaları tarafından oluşturulmuş ve uygulanmıştır. Onlar için, bir grup tarihçiye göre, "cumhuriyetçilik bir hükümet biçiminden daha büyük bir şeyi temsil ediyordu. Bir yaşama biçimi, özlü bir ideoloji, özgürlüğe teklifsiz bağlılık ve aristokrasiyi tümden ret."

## Kaynakça

## Konuyla ilgili yayınlar
* Appleby, Joyce. *Liberalism and Republicanism in the Historical Imagination* (1992)
* Appleby, Joyce. "Commercial Farming and the 'Agrarian Myth' in the Early Republic," *Journal of American History* 68 (1982), pp 833–849 in JSTOR
* Appleby, Joyce. "Republicanism in Old and New Contexts," in *William & Mary Quarterly*, 43 (January, 1986), pp 3–34 in JSTOR
* Appleby, Joyce, ed. "Republicanism in the History and Historiography of the United States," special issue of *American Quarterly*, Vol. 37, No. 4, (1985) with these articles: here
** Joyce Appleby, "Republicanism and Ideology," pp.&nbsp;461–473 in JSTOR 
** Linda K. Kerber, "The Republican Ideology of the Revolutionary Generation," pp.&nbsp;474–495 in JSTOR 
** Cathy Matson and Peter Onuf, "Toward a Republican Empire: Interest and Ideology in Revolutionary America," pp.&nbsp;496–531 in JSTOR 
** Jean Baker, "From Belief into Culture: Republicanism in the Antebellum North," pp.&nbsp;532–550 in JSTOR 
** James Oakes. "From Republicanism to Liberalism: Ideological Change and the Crisis of the Old South," pp.&nbsp;551–571 in JSTOR 
** John Patrick Diggins, "Republicanism and Progressivism," pp.&nbsp;572–598 in JSTOR 
* Joyce Appleby, *Capitalism and a New Social Order: The Republican Vision of the 1790s*, 1984, her reprinted essays
* Ashworth, John, "The Jeffersonians: Classical Republicans or Liberal Capitalists?" *Journal of American Studies* 18 (1984), p 428-430
* Bailyn, Bernard. *The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution.* (1967). ISBN 0-674-44301-2
* Bailyn, Bernard. *The Origins of American Politics* (1966)
* Banning, Lance. *The Jeffersonian Persuasion: Evolution of a Party Ideology* (1978)
* Becker, Peter, Jürgen Heideking and James A. Henretta, eds. *Republicanism and Liberalism in America and the German States, 1750–1850.* (2002).
* Brown, David. "Jeffersonian Ideology And The Second Party System" *Historian*, Fall, 1999 v62#1 pp 17–44 online edition 
* Brown; Stuart Gerry. *The First Republicans: Political Philosophy and Public Policy in the Party of Jefferson and Madison* (1954) .
* Buel, Richard. *Securing the Revolution: Ideology in American Politics, 1789–1815* (1972)
* J. C. D. Clark. *The Language of Liberty 1660–1832: Political Discourse and Social Dynamics in the Anglo-American World, 1660–1832*
* Colbourn, Trevor. *The Lamp of Experience: Whig History and the Intellectual Origins of the American Revolution* (1965) online version
* Currie, James T., *The Constitution in Congress: The Federalist Period, 1789–1801,* (1997); *The Constitution in Congress: The Jeffersonians, 1801–1829,* U. of Chicago Press, 2001
* Elkins, Stanley M., and Eric McKitrick. *The Age of Federalism* (1993) standard political history of 1790s
* Ellis, Joseph J. *American Creation: Triumphs and Tragedies in the Founding of the Republic* (2007)
* Everdell, William R. *The End of Kings: A History of Republics and Republicans,* (2nd ed. 2000)
* 
* Ferling, John E. *A Leap in the Dark: The Struggle to Create the American Republic.* (2003) online edition 
* Foner, Eric. "Radical Individualism in America: Revolution to Civil War," ''Literature of Liberty,'' vol. 1 no. 3, July/September 1978 pp 1–31 online
* Gould, Philip. "Virtue, Ideology, and the American Revolution: The Legacy of the Republican Synthesis," *American Literary History,* Vol. 5, No. 3, Eighteenth-Century American Cultural Studies (Autumn, 1993), pp.&nbsp;564–577
* Greene, Jack P. and J. R. Pole, eds. *The Blackwell Encyclopedia of the American Revolution* (1991), 845pp; emphasis on political ideas and republicanism; revised edition (2004) titled *A Companion to the American Revolution*
* Hartz, Louis. *The Liberal Tradition in America* (1952)
* Hart, Gary. *Restoration of the Republic: The Jeffersonian Ideal in 21st-Century America* (2002)
* Herrera, Ricardo A. *For Liberty and the Republic: The American Citizen as Soldier, 1775-1861* (New York University Press, 2015) online review 
* Jacobs, Meg, ed. *The Democratic Experiment: New Directions in American Political History*
* Kerber, Linda K. "The Republican Mother: Women and the Enlightenment-An American Perspective," *American Quarterly,* Vol. 28, No. 2, (Summer, 1976), pp.&nbsp;187–205 in JSTOR 
* Kerber, Linda K. * Women of the Republic: Intellect and Ideology in Revolutionary America* (1997)
* Keyssar, Alexander. *The Right to Vote: The Contested History of Democracy in the United States* (2001)
* Klein, Milton, *et al.*, eds., *The Republican Synthesis Revisited* (1992).
* Kloppenberg, James T. *The Virtues of Liberalism* (1998)
* Kramnick, Isaac. *Republicanism and Bourgeois Radicalism: Political Ideology in Late Eighteenth-Century England and America* (1990)
* Kramnick, Isaac and Theodore Lowi. * American Political Thought* (2006), primary sources
* McCoy, Drew R. *The Elusive Republic: Political Economy in Jeffersonian America* (1980) on economic theories
* McCoy, Drew R. *The Last of the Fathers: James Madison and the Republican Legacy* (1989).
* Morgan. Edmund. *Inventing the People* (1989)
* Mushkat, Jerome, and Joseph G. Rayback, *Martin Van Buren: Law, Politics, and the Shaping of Republican Ideology* (1997)
* Norton, Mary Beth. *Liberty's Daughters: The Revolutionary Experience of American Women, 1750–1800* (1980)
* Pangle, Thomas L. *The Spirit of Modern Republicanism: The Moral Vision of the American Founders and the Philosophy of Locke*
* Pocock, J.G.A.. *The Machiavellian Moment: Florentine Political Thought and the Atlantic Republican Tradition* (1975).
* Pocock, J.G.A.. "The Machiavellian Moment Revisited: A Study in History and Ideology," *Journal of Modern History* Vol. 53, No. 1 (Mar., 1981), pp.&nbsp;49–72 in JSTOR 
* Rakove, Jack N. *Original Meanings: Politics and Ideas in the Making of the Constitution* (1997)
* Rodgers, Daniel T. "Republicanism: the Career of a Concept," *Journal of American History,* Vol. 79, No. 1 (June, 1992), pp.&nbsp;11–38 [online in JSTOR](http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0021-8723(199206)79%3A1%3C11%3ARTCOAC%3E2.0.CO%3B2-I)
* Ross, Steven J. "The Transformation of Republican Ideology," *Journal of the Early Republic,* Vol. 10, No. 3 (Autumn, 1990), pp.&nbsp;323–330 in JSTOR
* Shalhope, Robert E. "Toward a Republican Synthesis: The Emergence of an Understanding of Republicanism in American Historiography," *William and Mary Quarterly*, 29 (January 1972), 49–80 in JSTOR ; also online
* Shalhope, Robert E. "Republicanism and Early American Historiography," *William and Mary Quarterly*, 39 (April 1982), 334–356 in JSTOR 
* Volk, Kyle G. (2014). *Moral Minorities and the Making of American Democracy*. New York: Oxford University Press.
* Watson, Harry L. *Liberty and Power: The Politics of Jacksonian America* (1990) (ISBN 0-374-52196-4)
* White, Ed. "The Ends of Republicanism," *Journal of the Early Republic,* Summer 2010, Vol. 30 Issue 2, pp 179–199, focus on literature
* Wilentz, Sean. *The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln.* (2005).
* Wiltse, Charles Maurice. *The Jeffersonian Tradition in American Democracy* (1935)
* Wood, Gordon S. *The Radicalism of the American Revolution: How a Revolution Transformed a Monarchical Society into a Democratic One Unlike Any That Had Ever Existed*. (1992). ISBN 0-679-40493-7
* Wood, Gordon S. *The Creation of the American Republic 1776–1787* (1969), one of the most influential studies
* Wood, Walter Kirk. "Before Republicanism: Frank Lawrence Owsley and the Search for Southern Identity, 1865–1965." *Southern Studies* (1995) 6(4): 65–77. ISSN 0735-8342
* Zagari, Rosemarie. "Morals, Manners, and the Republican Mother," *American Quarterly* Vol. 44, No. 2 (June 1992), pp.&nbsp;192–215 in JSTOR 

## Dış bağlantılar
* "Inventing a New Republican Culture for America" Lesson plan for grades 9-12 from National Endowment for the Humanities