open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Siosiana Tongovua Tae Manusā

ʻOku nonou ʻene ui: **Tae Manusā**
*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
ʻAnaseini Takipō Afuhaʻamango

Naʻe ui ko Takipō ia, ko e ʻuhinga ʻene fāʻeleʻi taimi nounou pē ʻosi ʻa e hala ʻo Siaosi Tupou I.

## Hiva ʻo Takipō
Fatu ʻe Sioape Alo Kaho ~1911 maʻa ʻene ʻohoana, ko Muimui Kaho (Afuhaʻamango) ke ne ʻoatu ia ki hono tuongaʻane.

 Kakala ʻo Tonga te u luva atu
 kulukona, langakali, heilala ngangatu
 motelolo mo e pua te u toe ʻoatu
 ko siʻo kakala ʻo ka ke folau.
 
 ʻIkai ʻaupito te u ʻilo ʻe au
 ʻoku langa pea uhu ʻa e ʻofa manatu
 vaivai ʻa e sino mo e ʻatamai
 ko mate te ne lava ke toe tatali
 
 Te u ʻofa atu, te u ʻofa pē
 te u ʻofa ke aʻu ki he mate
 ʻe lelei ʻeku mate ʻaku ʻi he lose
 he ʻeku moʻui mamahi pehē.

## Tataku
*E. Wood-Ellem; Queen Sālote of Tonga; Auckland university press 1999
*Langi tauʻolunga & hiva kakala; Nukuʻalofa 2000; ISBN 978-982-98007-1-8
Kaunanga Lataihahake

*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
*M. Hixon, Sālote, queen of paradise, Otago university press, 2000
Tupou Veiongo (Māʻatu)

*https://web.archive.org/web/20030315012835/http://www.uq.net.au/~zzhsoszy/states/tonga/ulukalala.html
*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
*E.W. Gifford, Tongan Society, BPB museum bulletin 61, 1929
Ngongo

*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
*https://web.archive.org/web/20110123015211/http://kitwithers.fortunecity.com/tonga/nobles.html

ʻOku ui lōloa ko **Moenganongo**, pea ʻoku ui foki ko **Sefanaia** ʻosi ʻene papitaiso.
Luseane Halaevalu Mataʻaho

*http://epress.anu.edu.au/austronesians/origins/mobile_devices/ch12s02.html
Naʻe pau ʻe hoko ʻa e moheofo ko Luseane. Kae naʻe ʻikai fieloto ki ai ʻa hono tuongaʻane, ko Tāufaʻāhau, koeʻuhi ko Laufilitonga ko hono fili ia. Ko ia ai, naʻe fekau ʻuluaki ʻe Tāufaʻāhau ʻa hono tuofefine ki he Tuʻihaʻateiho. ʻOsi ʻene fāʻele, naʻe fekau ia ki he Tuʻi Tonga. Kae naʻe ʻikai kei taupoʻou, naʻe ʻikai te ne lava fāʻele ha hako kia te ia.
Maʻafuʻotuʻitonga (Māʻatu)

*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
Mo ia, naʻe pekia ko e ʻeiki fakamui ʻo Niuatoputapu.
ʻOfakivavaʻu

*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
Naʻe ʻikai fili ia ʻe Siaosi Tupou II. ʻI he ʻaho ʻo e taʻane, naʻa ne fili mo Lavinia Veiongo Fotu.
Tēvita Ula Afuhaʻamango

*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
*Tonga- Land, sea and people; Tonga research association, 2011; ISBN 9789829806215

Hingoa kakato: Tevita 'Ula Puluhifi o'e Tau Afuha'amango.

Matāpule mei Vavaʻu ia, kae naʻe ʻikai te ne maʻu ʻa e huafa nōpele. Naʻe feinga ʻe he tuʻi (ʻosi ʻene taʻane mo Takipō) ke maʻu ha tofiʻa moʻona ʻi 1910, kā naʻe tapu ia ʻe he falealea.
Tupouseini Manumatavai Vaea Tupou

*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
*http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~royalty/tonga/i181.html#I181
Siaosi Filiaipulotu Faletau

Kōvana ʻo Vavaʻu, minisitā toutai, mo e hā fua

*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
Siosateki Faletau

Kōvana ʻo Vavaʻu, minisitā toutai, mo e hā fua

*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
Kōvana Vavaʻu: 1936–1939; Minisitā polisi: 1939—1952.
ʻInitia

Ko **ʻInitia** ko e fonua lahi ia ʻi ʻĒsia.

## Ngaahi paenga ngaluope fakalakanga kehé
*  Vakai ki he tala fakalahi: ''Commons'' '''ʻInitia'''
Manase Kahomovailahi

*http://epress.anu.edu.au/austronesians/origins/mobile_devices/ch12s02.html
Naʻe fakanofo ʻa e ʻeiki ʻo Manase, ko Poʻoi, mo e hingoa Tuita, kae ʻosi ʻene pekia naʻe foki ʻa e hingoá ni ki he foha ʻo e taʻokete ʻo Poʻoi, ko Makahokovalu, ʻa ia naʻe ʻikai maʻu ʻa e huafa ni ʻe Manase. Monū, ko e tuongaʻane ʻo ʻAna, ko Manuʻatua Tuʻivakanō, ko e ʻeiki Tuʻivakanō, naʻe ʻikai haʻane hako. ʻA ia ʻi he kahaʻu naʻe fakanofo ʻa Tēvita Polutele mo e huafa ē.
Uiliami ʻAokātoa Tuʻivakanō

Naʻe tala mai ko e foha ia ʻo Mataeletuʻapiko, ko e Tuʻi Kanokupolu fika 3 ia. Ka naʻa ne moʻui taʻu ʻe 200 tupu ki muʻa. Mahalo pē ha ʻAokātoa kehe? ʻA ia naʻe hoko ia ko e foha ohi ʻo e tangata Fisi mei Lakeba ʻoku ui ko **Tuʻisoso**. Naʻa ne mali mo Huiʻuha, ko e ongo foha ko e ongo Tuʻivakanō hoko, ko Mafana mo Hafokameʻe. Hoko ko Hafokameʻe II, hoko ko e tokotaha, hoko ko Fā.
*E.W. Gifford, Tongan Society, BPB museum bulletin 61, 1929

Ko hono hingoa moʻoni ko **Tuʻivakanō Vaea-mo-Mataele-ʻAokātoa**, ka ʻosi ʻene papataiso ʻi 19 Sēpitema 1829 naʻe liliu ia kia **Tuʻivakanō Uiliami**. ʻI he tala ʻeni naʻe ʻi ai ʻa hono ʻeiki (ʻoku ui foki ko Tuʻìvakanō), ʻa ia ko ʻAokātoa ʻeni naʻe ʻikai ko Tuʻivakanō ʻuluaki.

ʻI he tala kehe ko hono ongo foha ko **Vaea Mataele** mo **Tēvita Tuʻumotoʻoa**.

ʻOsi ʻa e huufi ʻo ʻene falelotu foʻou ʻi Vaimāhanga ʻi Peka ʻi 1835, naʻe ʻikai loto ki ai ʻa Haʻa Havea Lahi, pea ʻo fetongi ia ʻe **Uhi**.
ʻInitia/en

India, officially the Republic of India (Bhārata Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second most populous country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world. India has a coastline of over seven thousand kilometres, bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east. India borders Pakistan to the west;China, Nepal and Bhutan to the north-east; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka, Maldives and Indonesia.
Lātūniua

*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
*https://web.archive.org/web/20070928043920/http://www.planet-tonga.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=12628&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=30
Siosiua Fotofili

*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
Ko e fehuhu ʻa ʻene fehuhu ko Kalolaine ia, kae tala ane ʻe he *teneia* ko Kalolaine ʻene fehuhu.
*https://web.archive.org/web/20160304215334/http://www.teneia.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=156&sid=db1b894e05e40a2449ecf1d1f302b5b5
Haʻa Havea lahi/en

The descendants of Hafoka, the younger brother of Mataelehaʻamea, the Tuʻi Kanokupolu.

Most of the clans of this tribe are named after parts of a canoe, the Hifofua. For example: Fie-lakepa (want to be on the frontdeck (where the chiefs would lodge)), Tuʻi-vaka-nō (king of the rented boat), Lā-vaka (sail of the boat), Fohe (paddle), Maʻafu (steering course on the stars),…
Feleti Vī

**E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
Naʻa ne fakahifo mei hono huafa fakanofo koeʻuhi ʻene kaihaʻa ʻo e £20 mei he vaka *Tofua*.
Henele Maʻafuʻotuʻitonga

*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
ʻOku ui foki ko **Enele Maʻafu** (ʻoku ʻikai ʻi ai ha **H** ʻi he motuʻalea fakafisi), pe **Maʻafu** pē. Ko e Tuʻi Lau ia.
Siale ʻAtaongo

*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
*https://web.archive.org/web/20170307115329/http://www.matavuvale.com/profiles/blogs/sialeataongo-1

Mali mo hai ʻuluaki?

Naʻe mate hono tokoua kotoa ʻi heʻenau kei siʻi.
Sione Lamipeti

*N. Tukuʻaho, M. Taumoefolau, E. Wood-Ellem, A. Kaeppler; Songs & poems of Queen Sālote; ISBN 978-982-213-008-9
Solomone Piutau ʻOtukolo ʻAhomeʻe

*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
*https://web.archive.org/web/20070928044015/http://www.planet-tonga.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=18077&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=20&sid=eff2f4f3c41a1da18c53b815a944710e
*E.W. Gifford, Tongan Society, BPB museum bulletin 61, 1929
Sisilia Tupou-mo-Lakepa Kalaniuvalu (Tuʻitavake)

* E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999

## Hiva ʻo Silia Kalaniuvalu
Hiva kakala fatu ʻe Tēvita Kavaefiafi ʻi ~1930 maʻa Semisi ki hono ʻofa.
 Ta koā ni ne u mohe
 ʻo misi ʻoku ou ʻi he moʻunga
 fekita mo e ʻofa ki moana
 ʻa leva ʻo tāfuʻua
 tala ʻe he konisēnisi
 ava e matapā koula
 fakaʻamunoa ʻa e loto
 ke u sei he fisi ʻo e vunga.
 
 ʻEte siofia e ʻatā
 manumaʻa ʻena ʻoku puna
 ʻo vaʻinga he vao hingano
 pea foki mai ʻo tuʻula
 ʻi he veʻeveʻe faifio
 luva mei he Futu-ko-Vuna
 kae ʻilo ʻoku mānoa
 ʻa e Mapa-ko-Mataʻiʻulua.
 
 Taumaiā
 ke u puna atu ke mamaʻo
 toʻo hake pea ʻomi
 ʻa Vailahimoekaho
 ʻo lī atu ki ʻOnemalama
 mo e fuʻu fā ʻi he ano
 ko fakamoʻoni e loto
 kuo fonu he ʻofa manako.

## Tataku
*Langi tauʻolunga & hiva kakala; Nukuʻalofa 2000; ISBN 978-982-98007-1-8
Tēvita Kavaefiafi

*N. Tukuʻaho, M. Taumoefolau, E. Wood-Ellem, A. Kaeppler; Songs & poems of Queen Sālote; ISBN 978-982-213-008-9
Ko e punake ongoongoa taha, ko e matāpule ia kia Kalaniuvalu pea ko e punake ʻuluaki kia Tungī, ʻa ia ko e tuʻi.

## Ngaahi fatu
*Hiva ʻo Silia Kalaniuvalu ~1930
*ʻApasia ~1931
*Tokelau tō ʻi Muifonua ~1941, kā naʻa ne ʻoatu kia Sālote Tupou III
mo e toe lahi ange.
Sioeli Pangia

Ko hono hingoa lōloa ko: **Sioeli Pangiakaetau Kalaniuvalu**. Ko ʻene ngāue: ʻikai ʻaupito, naʻe takoto pē, ko ia ai naʻe ui ia ʻe Sālote Tupou III ko *Peato* (beatus), tatau mo ha sangato kuo mate pea taʻengaue.
ʻOfa Veikune (Kaho)

*E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
Ko ʻAisea Manumuʻa ko e fasi ia ʻo e *[[Fungaʻonetaka]]* mei Navutoka.
ʻIlisapesi Tuʻimala Veikune (Maʻafu)

*https://web.archive.org/web/20070929102925/http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/Search/igi/individual_record.asp?recid=100398025112&lds=1&region=16&frompage=1
ʻEvaʻipōmana Vī

*https://web.archive.org/web/20061013042443/http://www.tongatapu.net.to/tonga/news/briefs/ss970913.htm
Taʻhine ohi pē; naʻe ʻikai haʻana fānau, ʻa Haʻamea mo Tuna.
Malinoa

Ko **Malinoa** ko e kiʻi motu ia ʻi he tokelau ʻo e taulanga Nukuʻalofa.

ʻOku ui ko e motu malaʻia, ko e uhi ʻi 1 Fēpueli 1887, Tuʻuhetoka, ko e minisitā polisi ʻi he taimi ko ia, naʻe tāmateʻi fakalao ʻe ia ʻa e toko ono ko Tōpui, ʻAisea Kaumoto, Lavuso, Naisa, Lātū mo Fehoko. ʻI he fekau ia ʻo Siaosi Tupou I, koeʻuhi naʻa nau feinga tāmateʻi ʻa Shirley Waldemar Baker.

Tatau mo e ngaahi motu kehekehe, he onopooni ʻoku keina ia ʻe he ngaahi peau ʻo e tahi, pea ʻoku tuai kae pau ʻene fakasiʻisiʻi ange. Ko e falemaama naʻe tuʻu lōloa mei he matātahi tokelau ʻi he teautaʻu hono 20, naʻe tō ʻi he tahi ʻi 2010 pe ofi ki ai.
Malinoa/en

Little Malinoa is the northern most island in the series of small islands leading to the harbour of Nukuʻalofa and as such a navigational beacon for those coming from Haʻapai and Vavaʻu heading for Tongatapu.

On 12 January 1887, 5 young Tongans,  from the repressed Muʻa parliament Topui first cousin of Tungi and Lavuso also a cousin both from the old parliament and few others tried to murder the premier, Shirley Waldemar Baker. Shirley himself escaped unharmed but his son and daughter were severily wounded. King Siaosi Tupou I became very angry when he heard about it and considered it an act of rebellion. He ordered the chiefs to deliver the criminals directly to him, and when his old political enemies did not act quickly enough, he sent the policeforce. Soon it all degenerated into a battle between pro and anti- Tupou factions, rekindling the fire of the Muʻa parliament, which had barely been extinguished.

Nevertheless at the end the those who were responsible  were arrested without trial, on 31 January 10 of them were sentenced to death. The same evening Baker, assisted by the minister of police, Tuʻuhetoka, went to the palace to beg Tupou to commute the sentences. The king did not want to listen, and the others left in the hope to try the next day again. But shortly after midnight the king ordered Tuʻuhetoka to take 6 of the condemned, Tōpui, ʻAisea Kaumoto, Lavuso, Naisa, Lātū and Fehoko to Malinoa to execute them there. And so they died there from a firing squad. Sand was heaped up on their graves, and this gravehill is said to still exist nowadays (see picture, although this is the only hill on Malinoa, it is not sure it is the right spot).

After the firing prince Laifone took the coconuts from the island, saying it would be the last ones as the island would be accursed forever.

When king Tupou was briefed over the happenings, he ordered Tuʻuhetoka to act with the remaining 4 prisoners on the deathroll in the same way, namely Palu, Tavake, Fekau and Tuʻitavake. But then Baker intervened, and at the end they were never shot but banished instead.

*N. Rutherford, Shirley Baker and the king of Tonga, Wellington 1971/1995
Maluʻotāufa

*https://web.archive.org/web/20070930205818/http://www.nomoa.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=924&start=0&sid=473fdfcd217053a86c1cb20c8b764c34
*https://web.archive.org/web/20070929091947/http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/search/AF/family_group_record.asp?familyid=9014685&frompage=99
Mahalo pē ko Maʻafuʻolimuloa ko e tehina ʻo Tangataʻilavalu, kae ʻikai hono foha? Tatau mo hono tuofefine pe ʻofefine ko Vainganganaʻivao. Pea mo ʻenau faʻē ko Simuoko?
Tāufa Hoamofaleono

*ʻI. F. Helu; Critical essays
*https://web.archive.org/web/20160304215313/http://www.teneia.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=57&sid=e64e0a38dac336323ebf92951f56792e
*https://web.archive.org/web/20070929091947/http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/search/AF/family_group_record.asp?familyid=9014685&frompage=99 ʻOku nau tala naʻa ne faʻeleʻi ʻi 1797. ʻOku faingataʻa mo ha foha mei he taʻu tatau.
ʻŪfia mo Latā

Ko **ʻŪfia** mo **Latā**, ko e ongo hingoa kinaua ʻo e konga ʻao ʻe ua ʻi he langi tuʻotolu pe tuʻofā.

ʻOku ngāueʻaki ʻe he laʻā, ʻosi ʻene hopo, ʻi heʻene toi ke tala ia mo hono foha, ko Sisimataʻilaʻā.

Ko e heliaki ia ki he ngaahi konga ʻao kotoa, pe he mafoa ʻa e ata ʻasi ʻi hahake, pe 
ko e kaveinga ki he hahake. Fakatātā:

 … Langi tuʻotolu langi tuʻofā
 nofo ai ʻŪfia mo Latā
 ko e langi kehe, langi ʻuha
 ne ne ʻūfia langi maʻa …
 
 Fuifui he taulanga
 puna ʻo fetēleni mo e ata
 vaʻinga he ʻŪfia mo Latā
 tui mei ai e maama …
 
 … Kuo kau ʻulufonua ʻa e laʻā
 pea hopo ʻa ʻŪfia mo Latā
 ke mou tuē mo mavava …

## Tataku

*E.W. Gifford; Tongan myths and tales; BPB **8**; 1924
*Langi tauʻolunga & hiva kakala; Nukuʻalofa 2000; ISBN 978-982-98007-1-8
ʻŪfia mo Latā/en

**ʻŪfia** (= to cover) and **Latā** (= clouded(?)) are the proper names of two clouds in the myth of Sisimataʻilaʻā, the son of the sun. When Sisimataʻilaʻā wanted to speak with his father, he had to wait until the latter rose and then tell him about his intended marriage to Fatafehi, the Tuʻi Tonga's daughter before the sun rose too high. For two days Sisimataʻilaʻā failed as he fell asleep shortly before sunrise and when he awoke the sun was too high in the sky and could not retrace his daily path. But the third morning he succeeded. The sun saw him and pulled the clouds ʻŪfia and Latā to cover him and his son from the rest of the world so that they could speak in private.

Poets use the names as a reference to clouds, especially those in the morning along the eastern horizon. As such they can also serve as a navigational direction. Examples:

:… Sky times 3, sky times 4
:there live the covered and the clouded
:it is a different sky, the raining sky
:and it covers the clear sky …

:Birds in flight over the harbour
:gliding in contrast with the dawn
:playing in the distance beyond the clouds
:there where light lies hidden …

:… The sun is merging with the tree-topped
:and there arising is ʻŪfia and Latā
:shout hurray be thronged with joy …

Clouds are supposed to reside in the 3rd of 4th sky.
Fatanalua

Ko **Fatanalua** (foʻi lea motuʻa ki he: fata-na-ua, ko e fata ʻe ua) ko e kiʻi pupunga fetuʻu talatukufakahola ia. ʻOku konga ua, ko Fata-ʻolunga mo Fataʻolalo, ʻo taki ʻa e laine ʻo e foʻi fetuʻu ʻe fā. Mahalo pē ʻoku tatau mo **Fātungaloa**.

Naʻe pehē ʻoku "ofi" ia ki he ʻOlioni mo e Sikipio foki, (ko e meʻa faingataʻa ia koeʻuhi ʻoku meimei ongo feituʻu fehangahangai ʻo e langi kinaua). Mahalo pē ko e pupunga ia ʻo Louʻulu ʻo Pelenaise *(Coma Berenices)*, kae ko e pupunga siʻi mo e pongia.

Naʻe kaveingaʻaki ia ʻe he ʻeikivaka Tēvita Fifita ʻi heʻene folau ki Fisi hili ʻa e tukia ʻa ʻene vaka, ko e Tuaikaepau ʻi he ongo hakau Teleki (Minerva reef) he 1962. 

## Tataku
*Stars over Tonga; ʻAtenisi, Nukuʻalofa 1990
Fatanalua/en

**Fata-na-lua**, an old form for *double platform*, possibly the same as Fātungaloa, is a traditional constellation, said to consist of two lines of four stars, named Fata-ʻolalo (lower platform) and Fata-ʻolunga (upper platform). It is also said to be "close" to both Orion and Scorpius (which in reality are almost diametrically opposite each other in the sky). It might refer to Coma Berenices, a faint and inconspicious constellation.

It was used as a starpath to Fiji by captain Tēvita Fifita when his ship, the Tuaikaepau, was wrecked on Minerva reef in 1962.
Ongo Teleki

Ko e ongo kiʻi motu ko **Teleki Tonga** mo **Teleki Tokelau**, ʻoku foki ʻiloa ko **Hakau Mineva**. (ʻOku kehe ia mei he Telekitonga mo Telekivavaʻu ʻi Haʻapai).

Ko e konga ia ʻo e puleʻanga ʻo Tonga mei he 1972


## Gallery

Image:MinervaReef2.jpg|Kauvaka ʻi he hakau Teleki tokelau
Image:MinervaReef3.jpg|Kauvaka ʻi he hakau Teleki tokelau
Image:NorthMinervaWithWreck.jpg|Vaka tukia ʻi he hakau Teleki tokelau
Image:YachtAtSouthMinerva.jpg|Vaka tau ʻi he hakau Teleki tonga
Fakahalafononga

Ko e fetuʻu talatukufakahola ia, ko **Faka-hala-fononga**.

## Tataku
* Stars over Tonga; ʻAtenisi, Nukuʻalofa 1990
Fasi fakafonua

Ko e **fasi fakafonua ʻo Tonga**,  .

* Hingoa lōloa: Ko e fasi ʻo e tuʻi ʻo e ʻOtu Tonga.
* Taʻanga: Uelingatoni Ngū Tupoumālohi
* Fasi: Karl Gustavus Schmitt
* Fatu: 1874

## Taʻanga
 ʻE ʻotua māfimafi
 ko homau ʻeiki koe
 ko koe ko e falalaʻanga
 mo e ʻofa ki Tonga.
 ʻAfio hifo ʻemau lotu
 ʻaia ʻoku mau faí ni
 mo ke tali homau loto
 ʻo maluʻi ʻa Tupou.
## Tuʻungafasi

## Tataku
* Lao 25 ʻo e 1973. ʻE ui ʻa e laó ni ko e lao ki he fasi fakafonua ʻo Tongá, 1973. Ko e ʻokativi ʻo e laulalo ʻi he tuʻungafasi ʻoku kehe ʻi hē.
* https://web.archive.org/web/20070927035800/http://legislation.to/Tonga/DATA/PRIN/1988-060/T-NationalAnthemofTongaAct.pdf lea fakatonga
* https://web.archive.org/web/20070704165136/http://legislation.to/Tonga/DATA/PRIN/1988-060/NationalAnthemofTongaAct.pdf lea fakapilitānia.
ʻEua

Ko e motu ʻo **ʻEua**, ko hono hingoa faka-tenetene ko **Fungafonua** pe **Fakamalu ʻo katea** pe **Vai ko Kahana**. Ko e fonua motuʻa taha ʻo e kāungamotu.

Ko e tukuikolo mei he tokelau ki tonga: Houma, Taʻanga, ʻOhonua, Tufuvai, Angahā *, Pangai, Futu *, ʻEsia *, Mataʻaho *, Sapaʻata *, Fataʻulua *, Muʻa *, Tongamamaʻo *, Petani *, Haʻatuʻa, Kolomaile. Ko e tukuikolo mo ha (*) ʻoku kau ki he vahenga **[[ʻEuafoʻou]]** pe ʻEua-Niuafoʻou, ko e toenga ʻo e ngaahi kolo ʻoku kau ki he vahenga **ʻEuamotuʻa**.

Ko e  moʻunga māʻolunga taha: Funga Teʻemoa, mita ʻe 312.

Ko e ngaahi luo, naʻe fai ʻe Maui:
Matalanga ʻa Maui; Līʻangahuo ʻa Maui.

## Tataku
*Ko e paenga he ngaluope ʻo ʻEua: eua-island-tonga.com
Fakahalafononga/en

The name of this traditional star or constellation can be interpreted in two ways.
**causing to stray or travel*, *showing the path to travellers*. In this way it is the name of a star or planet, rising early in the evening, escorting the moon (which must be around full then), or more geneneral the first bright stars becoming visible in the sky at dusk. 
**like one that strays around*. In this way it must be a planet, a star wandering along the sky, therefore not suited as navigation star *(kaveinga)*. Still named as such by some though. It was supposed to rise before the sun in the predawn sky, yet not equal to the morning star, which leaves open Mercury as a possible candidate.
Tapukitea

Ko **Tapukitea** (tapu ki Tea, mahalo pe: tapu ki Atea, ko e ʻotua ʻo e vā) ko e fetuʻu ngingila ia, ko e fetuʻu efiafi, ko e palanite Vēnusi. ʻOku ui ko Fetuʻuʻaho ʻi heʻene ʻasi pongipongi. Naʻe pehē: ʻOku ne nofo ʻi hahake he māhina ʻe 6, pea ne nofo ʻi hihifo he māhina ʻe 6. Ko e hingoa ʻoku tatau mo ia ko *Tapuʻitea* ʻi he lea fakahaʻamoa (kae ʻoku kehe he fetuʻu pe palanite).

Ko e talatupuʻá ni, naʻe ʻoatu ʻe Lesieli Tongamohenoa (sipela onopooni).

Tokua ko e ongo pango, ko Tapu mei Hahake, ko Kitea mei Hihifo. Pea fanongo ai ʻa Kitea ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e pango ʻi Hahake, pea mole ai ʻo ʻalu ki Hahake ʻo kumi ki ai. Pea aʻu atu ʻa e pango fefine ko Kitea, ʻoku fai ʻa e huo maʻala ʻa e pango tangata ko Tapu. Pea nofo leva he toumui maʻala ʻo ui atu: «Pango tangata haʻu ki heni». Pea tuku leva ʻene huo kae ʻalu atu ʻona feʻiloaki. Pea na ō ki he ʻapi ʻo Tapu, ʻo fafanga ai ʻa e fefine, pea na nonofo ai ʻo fai hono ʻapi. Naʻe faifai pea feitama ʻa Kitea pea lea ange kia Tapu ke na ō muʻa ki Hihifo ke fāʻele ai.

Naʻe fānauʻi ʻena tamasiʻi, ko e tama tangata, pea na alea ai ke hingoa pē kia te kinaua ko Tapukitea. Pea lahi ʻa e tamasiʻi, pea kehe ange ʻene pauʻu. Pea naʻe ʻikai te na momoi maʻu ha fiemālie ʻi he ʻita ʻa e houʻeiki mo e kakai ʻi he pauʻu ʻa e tamasiʻi. Pea na alea ai ke lelei muʻa ke tāmateʻi ʻena tama ke ʻalu ʻo tuʻu pē mei langi ke na sio hake pē ki ai, he kuo na matuaki fui heʻene anga. Pea na fai: pea ʻalu ʻa Tapukitea ʻo tuʻu mei langi, ʻo talu ai eni ʻene tuʻu ʻi langi.

## Tataku
*E.W. Gifford; Tongan myths and tales; BPB **8**; 1924
*Stars over Tonga; ʻAtenisi, Nukuʻalofa 1990
Tapukitea/en

**Tapukitea** (tapu-ki-tea, holy to Atea (?), the god of space) was the Tongan traditional name for the evening star, Venus. It was named Fetuʻu ʻaho during its morning apparition. It was said to: dwell 6 months in the east and then to dwell 6 months in the west.

A myth obtained from Lesieli Tongamohenoa.

It was said there were 2 fools, Tapu from the eastern district on Tongatapu and Kitea from the western district. When Kitea heard that there was a fool in the east, she went straight on to the east to find him. When she, the female fool Kitea, arrived, he, the male fool Tapu, was hoeing his yam garden. Then she sat down at the end of his patch and yelled: «Male fool come here». He then left his hoe and came to meet the other. Then they went to the home of Tapu, and the woman was fed, and they two stayed in his place. After some time Kitea became pregnant and she said to Tapu that they should go to the west for her to conceive.

Their child was born and it was a boy, and then they decided to name it after themselves, Tapukitea. The boy grew up, but his nature was very misschievous. His parent did not get any rest of mind because of the anger of the chiefs and the people concerning the lad's conduct. They discussed then it would be better to kill their child, so that he could go and stand in  the sky so that they could look up onto him, because they could not stand his behaviour any longer. So was done, and Tapukitea went and stood in the sky, and since that time is his standing in the sky.
Fetuʻuʻaho

Ko e **Fetuʻu ʻaho** ko ha fetuʻu  ʻe taha ʻoku ʻasi ʻi he mafoa ʻa e ata, ko e fetuʻu pongipongi ia. ʻOku pehē: ʻOku hopo ia ki muʻa he hopo ʻa e laʻā. Ha fetuʻu pe palanite noa pe, kae tautefito ko Vēnusi. Tatau mo *fetū ao* ʻi he lea fakahaʻamoa.

ʻOku ui ʻa Vēnusi ʻi heʻene fetuʻu efiafi ko Tapukitea.

## Tataku
*Stars over Tonga; ʻAtenisi, Nukuʻalofa 1990
Fetuʻuʻaho/en

**Fetuʻu ʻaho** (= day star) is a traditional Tongan star appearing around dawn, it is the morning star. Said in Tonga: it rises before the rising of the sun. Any star of planet which satisfies this condition, although normally reserved for the planet Venus only. Equal to the word *fetū ao* in Sāmoan.

As evening star Venus is known as Tapukitea.
Humu (langi)

Ko e **humu** ko e konga ʻao fakapōpōʻuli ʻi he kaniva ia, ofi ki he pupunga ʻo Toloa. ʻOku ui ko e *Coalsack* (tangai malala) ʻi he lea fakapilitānia. Ko e fuo ʻo e konga ʻao ni ʻoku meimei tatau mo e fuo ʻo e ika humu.

ʻI he talatupuʻa ʻo e ongo Maʻafu ko e humu ko e ika fekai ia, kae ola ʻe he ongo māhanga, pea tuʻu ʻi he langi mo Toloa pea mo e ongo Maʻafu kinaua.

Kapau ʻikai ʻi he langi, ʻoku toe kaumeʻa ko e Humu mo e Toloa, fakatātā ʻi he kiʻi fasi mafu:
 Humu mo e Toloa
 tō ʻena hopa
 tō tō pea vaoa.
 Lele mai kulī Fisi
 tali fanaʻi
 hala he vaʻe
 tau he ʻate.
 Talu ai pē
 ʻene ʻauʻaukē.

## Tataku
* Stars over Tonga; ʻAtenisi, Nukuʻalofa 1990
Toloa (pupunga)/en

**Toloa** is a constellation in the sky, also known by its name copied from English: the Southern cross (Crux). But in the Tongan mind the stars of the cross rather outline a duck flying over to the south.

In the myth of the both Maʻafu, the duck was a wild bird, but was caught by the twins, and later together with Humu and them placed in the sky. In another myth the western wing of Toloa is wounded because Two men threw stones at it. The star on that spot is fainter than the others.

When not in the sky, Toloa and Humu are still two good friends.
Ongo Maʻafu

Ko e ongo Maʻafu, ko e ongo māhanga ia, ko **Maʻafulele** mo **Maʻafutoka**. Ko Maʻafulele ko e taʻoketelele ia. ʻOsi ʻena ō ki he langi, ʻoku tuʻu ʻa e ongo māhanga tatau mo e kiʻi ongo sinoʻimeʻa ulo vaivai, meimei ha ʻaʻafu (pe kapukapu pe kohu). Ko ia ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻo e foʻi lea "maʻafu", fakatatauʻi mo e foʻi lea fakatahisi ko e *māhu* (= ʻaʻafu he kapukapu mo e maʻafu he sinoʻimeʻa ʻi langi foki). Ko e fakafelaveʻi ʻo e "maʻafu" mo e ʻeiki ʻo Vainī ko ha toki faʻu fananga pē.

Ko e Maʻafulele ko e *Nubecula maior* ʻi he lea fakalatina pe *Large magelhanic cloud* (LMC) ʻi he lea fakapilitānia. Ko e Maʻafutoka ko *Nubecula minor* pe *Small magelhanic cloud* (SMC) ia. Kae taimi ʻe niʻihi ʻoku fetongi kinaua.

ʻOku ʻi ai ha talatupuʻa he ongo Maʻafu mo e Humu mo e Toloa.

## Tataku
* Stars over Tonga; ʻAtenisi, Nukuʻalofa 1990
Seketoʻa

Ko **Seketoʻa** ko e ʻotua ia (pe faʻahikehe pe tupuʻitēvolo) ika pe anga mei onoʻaho. ʻOku ne tauhi ʻa e motu ʻo Niuatoputapu mo Tafahi foki.

ʻAho ʻe taha, ko ia mo Fehuluni naʻa mo feʻauhi. Naʻe foʻi ʻaupito ʻaupito ʻa Fehuluni, ko fefine talavou ʻaupito, ʻe he kākā ʻa Seketoʻa, ko e anga.
:"Fēfē ke na feʻauhi?" "Fai!" Fehuluni: "Kou foʻi ʻi he ʻuluaki faivá."
:-ko e faiva hono hokó ke ta feʻauhi kai- Fehuluni: "Seketoʻa, fakamolemole kou foʻi."
:Seketoʻa: "Sai, kuo ke foʻi, ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha faiva e taha te ke mālohi ai. Pea ʻe ngata pē hoʻo pule ʻa koe he potutahi ʻo Vavaʻu ʻo fai ki Tongatapu."

*E.W. Gifford; *Tongan myths and tales*, BPB Bulletin **8**; 1924
*W. R. Pond; Faiva, Trials of skills: the song and dance of Tongan politics 1773—1993; Wellington 1995
Humu (langi)/en

The **Humu** (Coalsack) is the name of a dark patch in the milkyway, close the constellation of Crux (southern cross). It is so named, because it has the shape of a triggerfish, humu.

In the myth of the both Maʻafu, humu was a fresh water fish, caught by the two boys, and later together with a toloa and the twin themselves placed into the sky.

Even when not in the sky Humu and Toloa are still good friends as in the following trite:
 Humu and Toloa
 plant their plantain
 plant plant then overgrown with bush.
 A Fiji dog runs along
 being welcomed with a shot
 missed in the leg
 but hit in the liver
 It then let out
 its loud cry.
Toloa (pupunga)

Ko e **Toloa** ko e pupunga fetuʻu ʻi he langi ia. ʻOku ui foki ko e *Kolose saute*, fāʻitaki mei he hingoa fakapilitānia, *Southern cross* (Crux). Kae ʻi he ʻatamai fakatonga ʻoku ʻasi ʻa e ngaahi fetuʻu tatau mo e toloa ʻoku puna ʻi ʻolunga.

ʻI he talatupuʻa ʻo e ongo Maʻafu ko e toloa ko e manupuna fekai ia, kae ola ʻe he ongo māhanga, pea tuʻu ʻi he langi mo e Humu pea mo e ongo Maʻafu kinaua. ʻI he talatupuʻa ʻe taha, ko e Toloa, naʻe lavea hono kapakau ʻi hihifo koeʻuhi hono lisingi maka ʻe he Ongo tangata. Ko e fetuʻu ʻi hē ʻoku ulo siʻi ange.

Kapau ʻikai ʻi he langi, ʻoku toe kaumeʻa ko e Humu mo e Toloa.

## Tataku
* Stars over Tonga; ʻAtenisi, Nukuʻalofa 1990
Maʻulupekotofa/en

Although Maʻulupekotofa died in 1806, he seems to have been no Tuʻi Tonga anymore (disposed?) since 1795. Tokiukamea describes that on the second day of his arrival in Tonga, 2 December 1806, he woke up and saw everybody with shaved heads: a habit for the day of the burial of a Tuʻi Tonga.
Tokiukamea

Ko **Toki-ukamea** ko e hingoa fakatonga maʻa **William Charles Mariner**, ko e foha ohi ia ʻo Fīnau ʻUlukālala II ʻi Feletoa (Fangupō) mo hono sinifu Mafi Hape, lolotonga ʻene nofo ʻi Tonga mei 29 Nōvema 1806 ki 8 Nōvema 1810 pe ofi ki ai.

Tānaki e fānau: Anne 1833—1917 mo Josephine 1836—
*J. Martin; Tonga islands, William Mariner's account; 1817
Liufau Havea

Pea ʻoku toe ha ngaahi ʻohoana/sinifu mo e fānau, ʻa ia:
*Lolohea Kulukulutea aka Uini
*Mele, hako: Hulu Tungua
*Folau, hako: Fotu ʻi Hala Tata, Siotame Havea (Fatai FOTOFILI)
*taʻeʻiloa, hako: Moa ʻEueiki

Naʻe pehē ʻe Tokiukamea, ko Liufau, ko e ʻeiki ʻo Haʻano, ko ha puletau ʻe taha ia ʻo Fīnau ʻUlukālala II ʻi Feletoa (Fangupō) lolotonga heʻene tau ki Vavaʻu ʻi 1808. Naʻe talatalaakiʻia ia ʻi heʻene lavaki, kā naʻe ʻikai ʻi ai ha fakamoʻoni. Naʻa ne toe ki he kau muimui ʻo Fīnau.

*http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~royalty/tonga/
*https://web.archive.org/web/20160304215313/http://www.teneia.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=57&sid=e64e0a38dac336323ebf92951f56792e
*http://forums.planet-tonga.com/viewtopic.php?t=31750&start=0
Lofanga

Ko **Lofanga** ko e motu ia, tuʻu ʻi he lotomālie ʻo Haʻapai.

ʻOku tuʻu ʻi ai ʻa e kolo, ko **Lofanga (kolo)**, ʻi he lotomālie ʻo e motú ni.

Ko e tofiʻa ia ʻo Tupoutoʻa.

## Hisitōlia
ʻOsi he ngaahi tau lahi ʻi Tongatapu lolotonga he taʻu 1799, naʻe foki ʻa Fīnau ʻUlukālala II ʻi Feletoa (Fangupō) ki Haʻapai pea ne ikuna ʻa e kaungātau ʻo Tukuʻaho. Naʻe tauteaʻi kinautolu angafakamamahi ʻaupito. Ko e houʻeiki ʻe niʻihi naʻe nonoʻoa ʻi he matatahi ʻo Lofanga ki he mate. ʻOku ui ko e *kafavaka* ia. Naʻe fai tatau ʻa Fīnau ʻ he 1808 ʻosi he tau ʻi Vavaʻu.

## Tataku
*J. Martin; Tonga islands, William Mariner's account; 1817
Lofanga/en

Lofanga is a small island with a township in Haʻapai

After the main battles on Tongatapu in 1799 Fīnau ʻUlukālala II ʻi Feletoa (Fangupō) returned to his base in Haʻapai to reassert his authority and to fight all chiefs who had been on the hand of Tukuʻaho. When he had won he punished his defeated opponents severily. Some of them were tied to leaking canoes and sent to sea to sink and drown. Others were brought to Lofanga, tied to trees and stakes on the beach and left so naked in the sun to die from hunger and thirst. It is said that since, still at night the surf of the sea, or the roaring of the sea in subterraneous caverns, resembles the groans of the dying people.
Ongo Maʻafu/en

The both Maʻafu are a twin, **Maʻafulele** (running Maʻafu) the oldest, because he ran already at his birth and **Maʻafutoka** (laying Maʻafu) the youngest, as he lay just still after his birth. Later they went to the sky and became the both Magelhanic clouds, Maʻafulele is the larger and Maʻafutoka is the smaller, although some sources swap this assignment.
They are claimed to be the sons of the chief of Vainī, Maʻafu (tuku-ʻi-ʻau-lahi), because of the likeliness of the name. But that is a popular ethymology. This name *Maʻafu* is associated with the Tahitian word *māhu*, which means the both nebulae, but also means a cloud or haze or spray, which latter meaning in Tongan has become *ʻaʻafu*.

The chief Maʻafuʻiʻaulahi bathed every evening in the Felefonu stream, rubbing himself with a piece of coconut husk, which he left behind when going home. Later a lizard came and sucked the husk. She got pregnant and bore a twin. When the two boys had grown big the lizard told them who their father was, and so they went to see him. They were very beautiful boys, but also very misschievous. They broke all kind of taboos, but their old father forgave them. When time progressed, however, they grew from naughty to wicked and killed other children in their rough games. People came to their chief to complain about his sons.

Old Maʻafu asked the boys to get some water for him from a faraway spring. He did not tell them that a giant wild duck lived near that spring, because he hoped that the bird would kill them, so that he would gently get rid of the boys. It did not work out. Both Maʻafu went, Maʻafulele overcame the duck and the they brought the water home, together with a nice gift for their old father, the duck. Next day Maʻafu sent the two boys to another faraway spring with the same order. This time a spring where he knew to live a giant triggerfish. Again his plot failed. Maʻafutoka overcame the fish, and the boys brought the water and a nice gift home. Chief Maʻafu had to thank them again, but now with anger. Then he explained what exactly was going on. The lads understood and announced they would leave. They would take the duck and the triggerfish with them, and go into the sky. There old Maʻafu could see them at any time by looking up, and the twin would be able to see him everytime when looking down. But they would not disturb him or his people anymore.

That is the origin of the both Magelhanic clouds, the Southern cross (Toloa) and the Coalsack (Humu).
Ongo tangata

Ko e **ongo tangata**, ko e fetuʻu ʻe ua ia, ofi ki he kaniva. Ko *Toliman* mo *Agena* ia, (alfa Centauri and beta Centauri). ʻOku ʻikai tatau mo Lua tangata.

Naʻe lisingi maka ʻe he Ongo tangata, pea na lavea ʻa e kapakau ʻo Toloa.

## Tataku
* Stars over Tonga; ʻAtenisi, Nukuʻalofa; 1990
Ongo tangata/en

**Ongo tangata** (both men) is the name of a pair of stars close to the milkyway, as well as close to the Southern cross. Toliman and Agena fit the bill, (alfa Centauri and beta Centauri). In this sense they are different from Lua tangata.

The two men have thrown stones at Toloa (the duck), while flying over, wounding one of its wings.
Lua tangata

Ko e **Lua tangata** ko e foʻi lea onoʻaho ki he *Ua tangata*. ʻOku ʻikai tatau ki he Ongo tangata.

Ko e ngaahi fetuʻu ʻe ua ia, ʻoku ʻiloa ko *Castor* mo *Pollux* (alfa Gemini mo beta Gemini).

## Tataku
* Stars over Tonga; ʻAtenisi, Nukuʻalofa; 1990
Lua tangata/en

**Lua tangata** (2 men, not equal to Ongo tangata) is an archaic form for *Ua tangata*. They refer to the stars Castor and Pollux (alfa Gemini and beta Gemini).
Tupouniua

*http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~royalty/tonga/
Ko e kōvana ia ʻo Vavaʻu maʻa hono taʻokete ko Fīnau ʻUlukālala II ʻi Feletoa (Fangupō).

Ko ia mo Fīnau, naʻa ne tāmateʻi ʻe kinaua ʻa Tukuʻaho ʻi 1799. Naʻe ʻita ʻaupito ʻa e foha ʻo Tukuʻaho, ko Tupoutoʻa. Neongo ʻene feangainga mo Fīnau, naʻe tali ia ki he ʻaho ʻo tāmateʻi ia ʻa Tupouniua. Naʻe tala ʻa e hisitōlia kakato ʻe Tokiukamea. Naʻe fai ia ʻa e pongia ʻi Māhinafekite ʻi Tongoleleka.

Naʻe saiʻia ʻa Fīnau, naʻe fiemaʻu ʻa e pule ʻo Vavaʻu kia te ia. Kae naʻe ʻi ai ha fefine, ko Toeʻumu, naʻa ne hoko ko e hau ʻo Vavaʻu.
*J. Martin; Tonga islands, William Mariner's account; 1817
Home Island

Ko e kiʻi motu foʻou fakamoʻungaafi ʻi Haʻapai, tuʻu ʻi he tuʻahivi fakamoʻungaafi ʻo Tonga.

Ko hono lahi: 450m, ko hono maʻolunga: 75m ʻi he 8 Tisema 2006.

ʻOku tuʻu ia ʻi he *Home Reef* (Hakau ʻapi), ko ia hono hingoa **Home Island** ʻoku ʻikai (pe teʻeki) fakapuleʻanga.
## Laku 1984
## Laku ʻAokosi 2006
Naʻe kamata ʻene laku ʻi ʻAokosi pea naʻa ne tupu mei he kilisitahi ki he fukahi moana ʻi Sēpitema. Ko hono lahi: 450m, ko hono maʻolunga: 75m ʻi he 8 Tisema 2006. Naʻe pulia ʻi 2007.

## Laku Sēpitema 2022
Naʻe ʻasi ʻa e fonua mei he kilisitahi ʻi he ʻaho hono 10 ʻo Sēpitema.

*19 Sēpitema: loloa tokelau-tonga: mita ʻe 211; loloa hahake-hihifo: mita ʻe 218; ʻelia: hekitale ʻe 3.5; māʻolunga: mita ʻe 15.
*5 ʻOkatopa: loloa tokelau-tonga: mita ʻe 268; loloa hahake-hihifo: mita ʻe 268; ʻelia: hekitale ʻe 6.0; māʻolunga: mita ʻe 18.
*17 ʻOkatpoa: ʻosi laku.

## Laku Tisema 2024
Naʻe kamata ʻa e laku ʻeni ʻi he ʻaho hono 4 ʻo Tisema

*15 Tisema: ko e kiʻi moʻunga, ko hono lahi ia ko e mita sikuea ʻe 75000 he taimi ni.
*7 Nōvema 2025: kei moʻui. Ko e tiamita lahi ange ko kilomita ʻe 1, māʻolunga:mita ʻe 70
*20 Sānuali 2026: teʻeki ʻoisi. Lahi ʻao hinehina, laku.



*https://web.archive.org/web/20070105185535/http://data.geonet.org.nz/geonews/sab/2006/12/home-reef-eruption-update-9-december.html
*https://web.archive.org/web/20061118044447/http://www.matangitonga.to/article/tonganews/natural_events/new_island061106.shtml
*https://matangitonga.to/2022/09/17/home-reef-volcanic-activity-increasing-island-re-emerges mo e hā fua
*https://matangitonga.to/2024/12/23/home-reef-volcano-growing-new-lava-lobe-during-ongoing-activity
*https://web.archive.org/web/20070208190232/http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0403-08=
*https://matangitonga.to/2025/11/09/first-volcanology-mission-visits-tonga-s-most-active-volcano
Haʻamonga ʻa Maui (pupunga fetuʻu)

Ko e **Haʻamonga ʻa Maui** foki ko e pupunga fetuʻu ʻi he langi, ko e ngaahi fetuʻu ʻe tolu. Ko e *noʻo ʻo ʻOlioni* ia ʻi he lea fakapilitānia. Ko e kaveinga ia ki he ngaahi vaka naʻe folau ki hahake.

## Tataku
* Stars over Tonga; ʻAtenisi, Nukuʻalofa 1990
Haʻamonga ʻa Maui (pupunga fetuʻu)/en

It is a constellation, a group of 3 stars, known as the *belt of Orion*. It was a starpath for those travelling to the east.
Kapakau ʻo Tafahi

Ko e **Kapakau ʻo Tafahi**, ko e pupunga fetuʻu, ngaahi fetuʻu ʻe valu, tuʻu ʻi ʻolunga ʻo Tafahi tatau mo e moa ʻoku ʻōʻōfaki ʻene fanga fānau. Mahalo pē ko e pupunga ʻo *Cassiopeia* ia ʻi he lea fakapilitānia. Ko *Tafahi* ko e motu ia, pe ko e tangata toʻa ko *Tafaki* ia (Tawhaki ʻi he lea fakamauli; Tafaʻi ʻi he lea fakatahisi). Ko e kaveinga ia maʻa e kau folau mei Vavaʻu ki he ongo Niua pea foki.

## Tataku
* Stars over Tonga; ʻAtenisi, Nukuʻalofa 1990
Kapakau ʻo Tafahi/en

**Kapakau ʻo Tafahi** (the wings of Tafahi) is a constellation of 8 stars, standing above Tafahi as a brooding hen spreading her wings to protect her chicks. It may be the constellation of *Cassiopeia*

Tafahi is either the island, or it may refer to an old Polynesian hero, *Tafaki* (Māori: Tawhaki, Tahiti: Tafaʻi).

It was the starpath for navigators from Vavaʻu to the Niua and back.
Fīnau Filimoeʻulie/en

Tāufaʻāhau, Fīnau's older (step)brother, was quite angry with his mother, Hoamofaleono and her then husband Moimoiʻangahā about her having this child. He ordered it to be abandoned on the reefs of Vainī, to put it in the strong currents, to die. This would have been at Mataʻaho, in the lagoon.

But that night Fīnau Alakihihifo, daughter of Kaufusituʻa Kumāikuvalu Maʻafu, (Hoamofaleono's brother?) took the child away and brought it in safety to Kolonga in the hands of Moimoiʻangahā. His brothers Langitoutai and Teʻehalakamu next brought it to Fakakakai on Haʻano. They themselves stayed and died there, but Fīnau Filimoeʻuli later returned to Vainī to become the next Maʻafu, the line since then known as Maʻafu-tuku-ʻi-ʻau-lahi.

Nevertheless, it is also claimed that Tāufaʻāhau knew and gave his blessing to the move to Fakakakai, so that he would have claims on the island; (Faka-kakai = make (more) people). Indeed still today the southern part of Haʻano is government estate rather than belonging to the original line of the Tuʻihaʻangana.
Niuatoputapu

Ko e motu ʻo **Niuatoputapu**, i Tonga.

Ngaahi kolo
* Falehau 15.945° S 173.729° W
* Hihifo, (kolomuʻa) 15.954° S 173.758° W
* Vaipoa 15.947° S 173.746° W
Ngaahi motu siʻi
* Hakautuʻutuʻu 15.934° S 173.743° W
* Hungana 15.953° S 173.767° W
* Nukuseilala 15.966° S 173.762° W
* Sikaihaʻa 15.964° S 173.762° W
* Tafuna 15.963° S 173.764° W
* Tavili 15.958° S 173.766° W
* Tuʻunga 15.964° S 173.764° W

Ko e ngaahi tofiʻa:
*Tuʻi ʻo Tonga, ʻa ia ko e tuʻi fefine (Falehau, Hihifo)
*Tangipā (Vaipoa)
*Māʻatu (vahe tonga, ko e konga lahi taha ʻo e motu).
Niuafoʻou

Ko e motu ʻo **Niuafoʻou**.
Hingoa tenetene: **Kaho mo Vailahi** pe **Motu kapa (Tincan island)**.

Ko e ngaahi kolo
*Angahā (kolomuʻa) 15.561° S 175.628° W
*Fataʻulua 15.567° S 175.616° W
*Futu (liʻekina) 15.582° S 175.668° W
*Kolofoʻou 15.562° S 175.628° W
**Aleleʻuta 15.562° S 175.628° W
*Mataʻaho 15.571° S 175.611° W
*Muʻa 15.590° S 175.603° W
*Petani 15.612° S 175.611° W
*Sapaʻata 15.561° S 175.625° W
*Tongamamaʻo 15.608° S 175.608° W
*ʻEsia 15.562° S 175.632° W
Ngaahi motu siʻi mo e vai siʻi
*Vailahi 15.59° S 175.63° W
*Vaisiʻi pē Vai Mataʻaho 15.58° S 175.61° W
*Motu Lahi 15.587° S 175.633° W
*Motu Molemole 15.582° S 175.644° W
*Motu Siʻi 15.595° S 175.649° W
*Motu ʻAʻali 15.589° S 175.650° W

Ko e ngaahi tofiʻa:
*Tuʻi ʻo Tonga, ʻa ia ko e tuʻi fefine (Mataʻaho)
*puleʻanga ʻo Tonga (Fataʻulua, Muʻa, Tongamamaʻo, Petani)
*Fusituʻa (ngaahi konga ʻe niʻihi).
*Fotofili (ngaahi konga ʻe niʻihi).

## Moʻungaafi

Ko e moʻungaafi ia, naʻe laku ʻi 1946, 1984, mo e hā fua.

## Lī tohi

Naʻe kamata ʻa e ʻōfisi lī tohi ʻi Niuafoʻou ʻi 1886. Koeʻuhi ʻoku ʻi ai haʻane taulanga, naʻe tukuʻi ʻa e maili ʻi loto ʻo e kapa, pea naʻe kakau ha tangata mei he motu ki ha vaka meili ʻo ʻave ʻa e maili kia ai, pea foki. Ko ia ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻo e hingoa fakatenetene ʻe taha. ʻOsi ʻa e ʻohofi ʻanga ʻi 1931, naʻe ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi pōpao.

## Mate ʻa e laʻā

Naʻe haʻu ʻa e kau saienisi ki he motu ʻo vakai ki he mate ʻa e laʻā kakato ʻi he 22 ʻOkatopa 1930 (kei ʻaho 21 ʻi ʻAmelika).

## Tataku
*https://web.archive.org/web/20070323202247/http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0403-11=
Tafahi

Ko e kiʻi motu ʻo **Tafahi**, ʻoku ofi ki Niuatoputapu ia. Ko hono lahi ko e 3.42 km² ia (1.2 km x 2.8 km)  Ko hono feituʻu māʻolunga taha, 560 m, ʻoku ui ko **[[Piu]]-ʻo-Tafahi**.

ʻOku ʻi ai ʻa e kolo ʻe taha pē ʻi he tafaʻaki tokelau: **Tafahi (kolo)** 15.840° S 173.716° W. ʻOku ʻi ai ha sitepu ongoongoa ki ʻolunga mei he matātahi mo hono taulanga.

Ko e moʻungaafi motuʻa ia, naʻe ʻikai laku ka ko fuoloa.
*https://web.archive.org/web/20070325021240/http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0403-101
Sōtiaka

Ko e **sōtiaka** (lea fakapilitānia: *zodiac*), ko e ngaahi pupunga fetuʻu tukufakaholo ʻe 12 ʻi he langi, ʻoku takai ʻi ai ʻa e laʻā lolotonga he taʻu ʻe taha.


hingoa fakalatinahingoa fakatongahingoa fakapilitānia
AriesSipitangataRam
TaurusPulutauBull
GeminiMāhanga (taʻane)Twins
CancerPaka pe ʻUoCrab or Lobster
LeoLaioneLion
VirgoTaupoʻouVirgin
LibraMeʻafuaScales
ScorpiusSikopioScorpion
SagittariusTangatafanaArcher
CapricornusKositahiSeagoat
AquariusFineʻutuvaiWaterbearer
PiscesOngo ikaFishes


Ko e pupunga Tangata-toʻo-ngata (*Ophiuchus*) ʻoku ʻikai te ne kau ki he sōtiaka, neongo he laka ʻa e laʻā ʻi ai.

ʻI he lakalaka ko *[[Nailasikau]]* (ko e ʻotua motuʻa ia), fatu ʻe Sālote Tupou III ʻi he 1931 pe 1932, ʻoku ʻi ai ha kiʻi hokohoko ʻo e ngaahi pupunga fetuʻu, kae ʻoku ʻikai te nau kau ʻe kinautolu kotoa ki he sōtiaka.
 ....
 Peʻi mou laka mai ʻo mamata
 he teunga ʻo e loto falevaka
 he ʻotu pupunga e sōtiaka
 tuʻu tonu mālie e laʻā
 tuʻu kātoa mo e māhiná
 ʻAlotolu mo e Tuingaika
 Fineʻutuvai mo Sipitangata
 Meʻafua mo e Tangatafana
 ʻa Maʻafulele mo e Toloa
 ʻa e Humu mo e Maʻafutoka
 takitaha tauhi hono hala.
 ....
Ko e hā ʻa e ʻuhinga naʻe liliu ʻe Sālote ʻa e taʻane-ʻutuvai ki he fine-ʻutuvai? Mahalo pē ko e tauʻatāina fakapunake, fakafeangai he Sipi-tangata?
* E. Wood-Ellem, Queen Sālote of Tonga, Auckland university press, 1999
* Stars over Tonga; ʻAtenisi, Nukuʻalofa 1990
Tuingaika

Ko e **Tuingaika** ko e kiʻi pupunga fetuʻu valu ofi ki he Haʻamonga ʻa Maui, ko e *sword of Orion* ʻi he lea fakapilitānia.

## Tataku
* Stars over Tonga; ʻAtenisi, Nukuʻalofa 1990
Fīnau Filimoeʻulie

*https://web.archive.org/web/20160304220855/http://www.teneia.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=272&sid=e395277ebc2b2e681aec10088261a575
*https://web.archive.org/web/20070928043928/http://www.planet-tonga.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=17034&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=10
*http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~royalty/tonga/i315.html#I315
ʻAlotolu

Ko e **ʻAlotolu** ko e ʻotu fetuʻu ʻe tolu, ko e *belt of Orion* ʻi he lea fakapilitānia. ʻOku tatau mo e Haʻamonga ʻa Maui, kae naʻe ʻi ai ha matāpule ʻe taha, Lehāʻuli, naʻa ne tala ange: ko e tamai, ko e ʻalo, mo e laumālie māʻoniʻoni.

## Tataku
* Stars over Tonga; ʻAtenisi, Nukuʻalofa 1990
ʻAlotolu/en

**ʻAlotolu** (meaning: 3 rowers) is a line of 3 stars, the *belt of Orion*. It is the same as the Haʻamonga ʻa Maui, although one informant, Lehāʻuli claimed them to be the father, the son and the holy spirit.
ʻAta

Ko e motu ʻo **ʻAta** ʻoku ne tuʻu ʻi he tonga mamaʻo ʻo e ʻotu motu Tonga, ʻi he tuʻahivi fakamoʻungaafi ʻo Tonga. Ko e motu, ko e toenga ia ʻo moʻungaafi motuʻa, ʻosi mate ʻoku fuofuoloa.

Ko e lahi ʻo hono kakai ʻi muʻa ʻo 1863: ~350, kolo: Kolomaile.

Lahi kakai he taimí ni: 0, koeʻuhi ʻenau hiki ki Haʻatuʻa ʻi ʻEua.

## Ngaahi fakatata

Image:'Ata Island map.svg|mape
Image:'Ata 150211247 3204891b17 o.jpg|ʻata mei vavā
Kalau

Ko e kiʻi motu ofi ki ʻEua, ʻoku ʻikai nofo ha kakai ʻi ai.

Ko e tofiʻa ia ʻo e tuʻi ʻo Tonga, kae naʻe ʻoatu ʻe Siaosi Tupou II ki he punake Fakatava koeʻuhi naʻe saiʻia lahi ʻa e tuʻi ki he ngaahi taʻanga ʻo Fakatava.
Neiafu

Ko **Neiafu** ko e kolomuʻa ia ʻo Vavaʻu. ʻOku tuʻu ia ʻi he motu ko Vavaʻu lahi. Ko e taulanga fakatuʻapuleʻanga, ko Puatalefusi.

Ko hono hingoa tenetene ko e **Vai ko Lēlea** pe **ʻUtukalongalu** pe **Fā ko fiemeʻa**.

## Ngaahi tuʻotuʻa kolo ʻo Neiafu lahi
*Falaleu
*Fangatongo - tatau mo e hingoa ʻo e pālasi ʻo e tuʻi, ʻoku tuʻu iʻ ai
*Faʻokula
*Hopokanga
*Houmelei
*Kameli
*Masilamea
*Matangiake
*Neiafutahi - ʻi he matātahi ʻi he hahake; ko Neiafu totonu mei onoʻaho
*Sailoame
*Saineai
*Vaipua
*ʻOtumapa
*ʻUtulangivaka

ʻOku toe tanaki ko Talau mo Fungamisi.
Fīnau ʻUlukālala II ʻi Feletoa (Fangupō)/en

This is the *Finow* described by Tokiukamea (William Mariner's account), who was at that time about the mightiest chief of whole Tonga. Yet when Mariner became his adopted son in 1806, his powerbase was limited to Haʻapai only. Tongatapu had descended in anarchy after his murder on Tukuʻaho, and although he raided it a few times, and made a pact with Tākai, the chef of Pea, the latter deceived him as soon as he turned his back to the island. Concerning Vavaʻu, this he had effectively lost to his younger brother Tupouniua, even though the latter was supposed to be his governor there only. So Fīnau was not too sorry, probably even accomplice to it, although he officially denied that, when Tupouniua was murdered in Māhinafekite (Tongoleleka) in 1807. But then his aunt Toeʻumu called herself the Tuʻi Vavaʻu, entrenching herself in Feletoa. He raged a war on her, around late 1807 or 1808, but after months of skirmishes was not able to defeat her. He then made peace, which gave him then essentially a share in the Tuʻi Vavaʻu title.

Having found that Vavaʻu was a better place to stay than Haʻapai, he left the latter islands to his ally, Tupoutoʻa for him to govern as his governor. But after Fīnau's death, his son more in for an isolationist policy, Tupoutoʻa became essentially the ruler of Haʻapai, which as such would form the core of the empire to be built later by his son Tāufaʻāhau.
Tupoutoʻa (TK)/en

Although **Tupoutoʻa** could claim through both his father and his mother descency from the Tuʻi Kanokupolu line, in reality he was a minor chief. His father Tukuʻaho had been extremily harsh person, generally hated, an usurper who had managed to get the Tuʻi Kanokupolu title, but was murdered by a triumvirate under Tupouniua, his halfbrother Fīnau ʻUlukālala II ʻi Feletoa (Fangupō) and his half-halfbrother, Tupoutoʻa himself.

With Tongatapu in a civil war after the murder, Tupoutoʻa initially sought to become an ally of Fīnau Fangupō. This put him Haʻapai in the lap, when Fīnau after the war against Vavaʻu of 1808, thought the latter place a better residence for him than his current estates of Haʻapai. So Tupoutoʻa became a governor, but after the death of Fīnau in 1809 the high chief of the archipelago.

Meanwhile he did not stop his ambitions for Tongatapu, and finally in 1813 the mightiest chief of Tongatapu, Takai agreed that he would become the Tuʻi Kanokupolu. But it had become a hollow title by then, and when Tupoutoʻa died in 1820 no one even noticed.
Tupouʻahomeʻe/en

Tokiukamea described in his book that Tupouʻahomeʻe was Tupoutoʻa's wife in the time that the latter was a commander in Fīnau ʻUlukālala II ʻi Feletoa (Fangupō)'s war against Vavaʻu, around 1808. She was abducted by the defenders of fort Feletoa, but released to the attackers, because *she was the daughter of a [[:Category:Tuʻi Tonga|Tuʻi Tonga]]*. Here, however, Mariner was mistaken, she was the daughter of a Tamahā, which in fact, made her even higher ranking.
Liufau Havea/en

Tokiukamea describes Liufau, the chief of Haʻano, as one of the commanders in Fīnau ʻUlukālala II ʻi Feletoa (Fangupō)'s army on his war against Vavaʻu in 1808. He was accused of treason, but then released as the charges could not be substantiated. He remained a loyal follower of Fīnau.