Manto Tshabalala-Msimang

**Mantombazana "Manto" Edmie Thabalala-Msimang** (o a neng a fana ka **Mali** pele; o o tshotsweng ka Phalane a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa 1940 - a tlhokafala ka Morule a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa 2009) e ne e le mopolotiki wa kwa Aforika Borwa. E ne e le mothusa tona wa tshiamo go tswa ka 1996 go tsena 1999, a bereka gape e le tona wa botsogo go tswa ka 1999 go tsena 2008 ka fa tlase ga ga tautona Thabo Mbeki. O berekile e le tona wa ofisi ya ga tautona ka fa tlase ga ga tautona Kgalema Motlanthe go tswa ka Lwetse 2008 go tsena Motsheganong 2009.

Boremelelo jwa gagwe mo go alafeng segajaja sa AIDS kwa Aforika Borwa ka merogo e e bonwang motlhofo jaaka tapole, garlic le beetroot, mo boemong jwa diritibatsi tsa antiretrovirals, bo ne bo kgalwa mo gae le mo mafatsheng ka bophara. Melao e e ne ya baka dintsho tsa batho ba Aforika Borwa ba ka nna dikete di le makgolo a mararo ba ba neng ba tsenwe ke mogare.

## Thuto
A tshotswe ka leina la **Mantombazana Edmie Mali** kwa Durban, Tshabalala-Msimang o alogile kwa Fort Hare University ka 1961. E le mongwe wa banana ba African National Congress ba ba neng ba ileditswe ka ntlha ya thuto, o ithutetse botsogo kwa First Leningrad Medical Institute kwa Soviet Union go tswa ka 1962 go tsena 1969. O ne a ya ithutela bokwadise mo peleging le boimana kwa Tanzania, a fetsa ka 1972. Ka ngwaga wa 1980 o ne a aloga ka master ya public health go tswa kwa University of Antwerp kwa Belgium.

E ne e le mongwe wa batho ba mmuso mo boeteledingpele jwa AN kwa Tanzania le Zambia ka dingwaga tse di lesome tsa bofelo tsa puso ya tlhaolele, ka maikarabelo a go itebaganya le botsogo le go tlhokomelesega ga masole.

## Melao ya AIDS
Tsamaiso ya ga Tshabalala-Msimang e le tona wa botsogo e ne e le mangaga, ka a ne a ngosela go tswa ka lenaneo la alafa AIDS ka diritibatsi tsa antiretrovirals. Fa a buisana le John Robbie wa Radio 702 ka 2000, Tshabalala-Msimang o ne a gana go bua gore a o dumela gore HIV e baka AIDS. O ne a bidiwa Dr. Beetroot go bo a ne a  rotloetsa tiriso ya beetroot, garlic le surunamune le ditapole ga mmogo le go ja sentle fa a bua ka kotsi ya melemo ya AIDS. O ne a bonwa a setse morago molao wa AIDS  go ya ka dikakanyo tsa ga tautona wa Aforika Borwa Thabo Mbeki, o a neng a kile a bua gore o na le dipelaelo ka gore a HIV e baka AIDS.

Ka ngwaga wa 2002, khuduthamaga ya Aforika Borwa ba ne ba tlhomamisa molao wa gore HIV e baka AIDS, e le mafoko a semmuso go didimatsa dipelaelo tsa maloko a mangwe a khuduthamaga, a akaretsa tautona. Ka Phatwe 2003, khuduthamaga e ne ya tlhopha gore diritibatsi tsa antiretrovirals di nne teng mo setshabeng, ba laola Tshabalala-Msimang go diragatsa molao.

Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) le motlhamiwa yone Zackie Achmat gantsi ba ne ba lebagana le tona ba mo kgala, ba supa puso ka monwana le tona wa botsogo go tlhoka go tsibogela segajaja sa AIDS. TAC ene ya etelela pele letsholo le le neng le re a rolwe marapo.

TAC e ne ya re Tshabalala-Msimang o berekisana le Matthais Rath, ngaka wa Germany le mogwebi wa thekiso ya di vitamin, o a neng a lebisitswe molato wa go iletsa batho go dirisa ARV.

Tshabalala-Msimang o ne a itebagantse le dieelo tsa botsogo, a bona AIDS e le bontlha bo le bongwe fela jwa maiteko ao, ebile e le e ka ntlha ya go tlhoka go alafesega ga HIV le madi a kalafi ya yone, e ka kganela maiteko a go tokafatsa botsogo. Pego e e neng e supa gore AIDS ke morwalo mo tsamaisong ya botsogo, mo e leng gore go e alafa go ka dira gore go nne le madi e ne ya busediwa kwa morago go tlhalosiwa ya seka ya ntshiwa mo selemong sa 2003, go fitlhelela e bonwa e bo e ntshiwa ke ba TAC. Morago ga khuduthamaga e sena go tlhopha go amogela tse pego e di boneg, Tshabalala-Msimang o ne a okametse go anamisiwa ga di ARV, mme a tswelela ka go gatelela botlhokwa jwa go ja sentle le go gwetlha ba bangwe go bona AIDSe le bothata jo bongwefela mo botsogong jwa Aforika Borwa.

Tiragalo e e neng ya gapa leitlho la setshaba ke ya ga Nozipho Bhengu, morwadie motho wa molao wa African National Congress, o a neng a ganne kalafi ya diritibatsi tsa AIDS, a itlhophela go dirisa surunamune le garlic jaaka Tshbalala-Msimang a gakolotse. Tona o ne a gana go ya phitlhong ya gagwe, o a neng a mo emetse o ne a goelelwa a le mo seraleng.

Ka Tlhakole 2005, lekgotla la Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) le ne la kgala lephata la botsogo go bo le reteletswe ke go netefatsa gore diranta di le didikadike di le masome mararo di dirisiwa go tlhama letlole la puso la IDS ka 2002 le dirisitswe. Ba ne ba re dikete di le makgolo matlhano le masome a mabedi a madi ao a dirisitswe, mme bontlha jo bo tona jwa one bo dirisitswe mo diofising tse di senang batho tsa mokwaledi wa SANAC, selo se se neng sa kgalwa ke moseka seki mogolo.

Ka Tlhakole 2006, kwa bokopanong jwa AIDS ja mafatshefatshe kwa Toronto, Stephen Lewis, morongwa o o faphegileng wa United Nations go itebaganya le AIDS mo Africa, o ne a tswala bokopano ka mafoko a kgalo mo pusong ya Aforika Borwa. O ne a re lefatshe la Aforika Borwa le rotloetsa maitshwaro a botseno mo HIV le AIDS, a re puso e ikgatolositse, e bonya ebile e itlhokomolositse go isa melemo kwa bathong. Morago ga bokopano, baitseanape ba lefatshe ba HIV/AIDS ba le masome a marataro le botlhano (ba bontsi jwa bone ba neng ba le teng kwa bokopanong) ba ne ba kopa ka lokwalo gore tautona Thabo Mbeki a role Tshabalala-Msimang marapo.

## Melemo ya setso
Kwa bokopanong le dingaka tsa setso go buisana ka molao wa mo isagong ka Tlhakole 2008, Tshabalala-Msimang o ne a re melemo ya setso ga e a tshwanela go nyenyafadiwa ka ditekeletso tsa botsogo, "re ka se dirise methale ya makgoa go dira dipatlisiso le ditlhabololo".

Ka Lwetse 2008, Tshabalala-Msimang o ne a re go sirelediwe ditshwanelo tsa botlhale jwa melemo ya setso ya Aforika. Fa a bua kwa moletlong wa borataro wa letsatsi la melemo ya Aforika kwa Cameroon kwa toropong kgolo Yaounde, o ne a re Aforika o tshwanetse go nna le dipoelo mo kitsong ya gagwe ya setso.

## Ka botshelo jwa gagwe
Tshabala-Msimang o ne a nyetswe ke monna wa gagwe wa ntlha, Mandla Tshabalala, fa bobedi joo ba ne ba tshabile kwa Soviet Union. Morago o ne a nyalwa ke Mendi Msimang, motshwara madi wa African National Congress.

Matshwenyego ka botsogo jwa ga Tshabalala-Msimang a ne a bonagala ka ngwaga wa 2006 o ya fifing. O ne a robadiwa kwa sepateleng sa Johannesburg ka Tlhakole a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa 2007, a lwala tlhaelo ya madi le go tlala metsi mo makgwafong. Lephata la botsogo le ne la bua le tautona Thabo Mbeki, ba mo kopa go thapa tona wa nakwana, ka Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le borataro Jeff Radebe o ne a thapiwa e le tona wa botsogo wa nakwana. Ka Mopitlo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa 2007, Tshabalala-Msimang o ne a ariwa sebete. Go ne go te se sebakilwe ke go lwala sebete le madi a matona, mme loaro lo ne lo setswe morago ke go supiwa ka monwana go bo a ne a a nwa thata. O ne a fola a boela mo maemong a gagwe a bo tona go fitlhelela a tlhatlhamiwa ka 2008.

Ka Lwetse a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa 2009, o ne a tlhokafala ka ntlha ya mathata a a tsamaelanang le go ariwa sebete.

## Mathata
Ka Phatwe a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa 2007, malatsi a le mane morago ga go rolwa marapo ga mothusa tona, Nozizwe Madlala-Routledge, pampiri ya dikgang ya *Sunday Times* e ne ya gatisa tsebe e e filweng setlhogo sa "go nwa bojalwa ga ga Manto kwa sepatela" e bua ka nako e a neng a robaditswe ka 2005 a ariwa legetla. Tsebe e ne e abelela gore o rumile babereki ba sepatela go mo tseela mofine, whisky le dijo ka nako ya bongwe e fetilwe ke metsotso e le masome a mararo mo mosong. Tshabalala-Msimang o ne a tshosetsa ka gore o tlaa sekisa pampiri go bo ba tshotse dipampiri tsa botsogo jwa gagwe. Pampiri  ne ya re ga ba ka ke ba boela morago kgatiso ya bone. Tsebe e e ne e bua gape ka dipelaelo tsa bontsi jwa baitseanape ba botsogo mo makgotleng a puso le a a ikemetseng, ba ba neng ba gana go buiwa ka maina ka ba tshaba go kobiwa mo lephateng, gore seemo sa gagwe sa bolwetsi jwa sebete bo bakilwe ke go nwa bojalwa mo go feteletseng.

Go ya ka pampiri ya *Sunday Times* e e neng e filwe setlhogo sa "Manto: letagwa le legodu" e e gatisitsweng ka Phatwe a le lesome leborobabongwe ngwaga wa 2007, tona o ne a atlholetswe bogodu ka a ne a utsule didirisiwa tsa balwetsi kwa sepateleng kwa Botswana, a ne a lelekwa kwa Botswana a nna motswakwa o o ileditsweng.

## Polotiki ya ANC le go tlhatlhamiwa e le tona wa botsogo
Ka kemo nokeng ya baema nokeng ba ga Jacob Zuma, Tshabalala-Msimang o ne a tlhophiwa gape go nna mo komiting ya maloko a robabobedi ka Morule 2007 a le mo maemong a masome a matlhano le botlhano, ka ditlhopho di le sekete, makgolo a matlhano, masome a robabongwe le motso.

Mbeki o ne a patelediwa go ithola marapo ke ANC ka Lwetse 2008. Fa motlhatlhami wa gagwe, Kgalema Motlanthe, a pagama setilo sa botautona ka Lwetse a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa 2008, o ne a isa Tshabalala-Msimang go nna tona wa ofisi ya ga tautona, a thapa Barbara Hogan go mo tlhatlhama e le tona wa botsogo.

Tshabalala-Msimang o ne a sa akarediwa mo khuduthamageng ya ntlha ya ga tautona Jacob Zuma, e e itsisitsweng ka Motsheganong a le lesome ngwaga wa 2009.

## Loso
Tshabalala-Msimang o tlhokafetse ka Morule a le lesome leborataro ngwaga wa 2009 kwa Wits University Donald Gordon Medical Centre. Ngaka ya gagwe, Professor Jeff Wing, o ne a itsise fa a tlhokafetse ka ntlha ya bothata jo bo tlhagogileng ka go ariwa sebete.

Ba ba kgatlhanong le ene ba sepolotiki le ditsala ba ne ba supa fa ba gakgamaditswe ke kitsiso ya loso lwa gagwe:

* Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) - "Ga re eleletse motho ope bosula, le ntswa re ne re na le nako e e thata le ene fa a le tona wa botsogo. Re romela matshediso a rona kwa go ba lolwapa le bana"
* Helen Zille, moeteledipele wa Democratic Alliance - "re isa maikotlhao a magolo kwa go ba lolwapa le barati. Go botlhoko fa motho mongwe le mongwe a tlhokafala. Jaaka mapolotiki  a mantsi, go ne go ngangiwa ka ene. Le fa go ntse jalo, seo ga se ree gore loso lwa gagwe ga lo botlhoko."
* COSATU tautona Sidumo Dlamini - "tse ke dikgang tse di gakgamatsang. Mongwe o mpoditse maabane gore re ya go romela molaetsa o o reng kwa go ene kwa sepateleng, ke ne ka re re solofetse ebile re mo eleletsa go fola ka pele. O dirile diphoso ka go dira melao eo, mme e ne e le motho. Tatlhego ya gagwe ke tatlhegelo e tona. Aforika Borwa o latlhegetswe ke moeteledipele o motona wa ANC".

## Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe

* Nozizwe Madlala-Routledge

## Metswedi