แมกโนเลีย

**สกุลแมกโนเลีย** () เป็นพืชดอกในวงศ์จำปีที่มีด้วยกันทั้งหมดราว 210 สปีชีส์ สกุลของพืชตั้งตามชื่อนักชีววิทยาชาวฝรั่งเศสชื่อปีแยร์ มาญอล (Pierre Magnol)

ถิ่นกำเนิดของแมกโนเลียอยู่ทางตอนกลางของเอเชียตะวันออกและเอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้ รวมถึงในทวีปอเมริกา

แมกโนเลียเป็นสกุลไม้โบราณที่วิวัฒนาการขึ้นมาก่อนที่จะมีผึ้ง รูปทรงของดอกจึงเป็นทรงที่ล่อให้ด้วงมาช่วยผสมพันธุ์ ฉะนั้นเกสรตัวเมีย (carpel) จึงค่อนข้างแข็งแรงเพื่อป้องกันความเสียหายจากการถูกปีนและถูกแทะโดยด้วง ซากดึกดำบรรพ์ของ *Magnolia acuminata* ที่พบมีอายุกว่า 20 ล้านปีและพืชที่เป็นของวงศ์จำปีมีอายุกว่า 95 ล้านปี ลักษณะอีกอย่างหนึ่งแสดงว่าเป็นพันธุ์ไม้โบราณคือการขาดลักษณะแตกต่างของกลีบเลี้ยง (sepal) หรือกลีบดอก (petal)

## ตัวอย่างสปีชีส์
### สกุลย่อย ''Magnolia''

[300px|thumb|right|''[Magnolia grandiflora*.]]
[[ไฟล์:Sweetbay Magnolia Magnolia virginiana Flower Closeup 2146px.jpg|300px|thumb|right|*Magnolia virginiana.*]]

====ส่วน *Magnolia*====
* *Magnolia grandiflora* <small>L.</small> - Southern magnolia or Bull bay <small>(SE US)</small>
* *Magnolia guatemalensis* <small>Donn. Sm.</small> - Guatemalan magnolia or *Mamey* <small>(GUATEMALA, HONDURAS, EL SALVADOR)</small>
** *Magnolia guatemalensis* ssp. *guatemalensis* Guatemalan magnolia or *Mamey* <small>(GUATEMALA)</small>
** *Magnolia guatemalensis* ssp. *hondurensis* <small>(Molina) Vazquez</small> Honduran magnolia <small>(HONDURAS, EL SALVADOR)</small>
* *Magnolia iltisiana* <small>Vazquez</small> . <small>(W MEXICO)</small>
* *Magnolia pacifica* <small>Vazquez</small> . <small>(W MEXICO)</small>
** *Magnolia pacifica* ssp. *pacifica* . <small>(W MEXICO)</small>
** *Magnolia pacifica* ssp. *pugana* <small>Iltis & Vazquez</small> . <small>(W MEXICO)</small>
** *Magnolia pacifica* ssp. *tarahumara* <small>Vazquez</small> . <small>(W MEXICO)</small>
* *Magnolia panamensis* <small>Vazquez & Iltis</small> . <small>(PANAMA)</small>
* *Magnolia poasana* <small>(Pittier) Dandy</small> - Poas magnolia <small>(COSTA RICA, PANAMA)</small>
* *Magnolia schiedeana* <small>Schltdl.</small> . <small>(E MEXICO)</small>
* *Magnolia sharpii* <small>Meranda</small> - Sharp's magnolia <small>(CHIAPAS MEXICO)</small>
* *Magnolia sororum* <small>Seibert</small> - Sister magnolia <small>(COSTA RICA, PANAMA)</small>
** *Magnolia sororum* ssp. *lutea* <small>Vazquez</small> . <small>(COSTA RICA, PANAMA)</small>
** *Magnolia sororum* ssp. *sororum* . <small>(PANAMA)</small>
* *Magnolia tamaulipana* <small>Vazquez</small> - Mexican evergreen magnolia <small>(NE MEXICO)</small>
* *Magnolia virginiana* <small>Linn</small> - Sweetbay magnolia, Sweet magnolia, Sweet bay, Swamp bay, Swamp magnolia, Swamp laurel, Laurel magnolia, White bay, or Beaver tree <small>(SOUTHEAST US)</small>
* *Magnolia yoroconte* <small>Dandy</small> - Yoroconte magnolia <small>(HONDURAS)</small>

==== ส่วน *Gwillimia* ====

===== ส่วนย่อย *Gwillimia* =====
* *Magnolia albosericea* <small>Chun & Tsoong.</small> . <small>(HAINAN IS.)</small>
* *Magnolia championii* <small>Benth</small> - Champion's magnolia <small>(S & SE CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia coco* <small>(Lour.) DC.</small> - Coconut magnolia <small>(SE CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia delavayi* <small>Franchet</small> - Chinese evergreen magnolia or Delavay's magnolia <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia fistulosa* <small>(Finet & Gagnep.) Dandy</small> . <small>(SE YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia henryi* <small>Dunn</small> - Henry's magnolia <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia nana* <small>Dandy</small> - Dwarf magnolia <small>(VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia odoratissima* <small>Law et Zhou</small> . <small>(S CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia pterocarpa* <small>Roxb.</small> . <small>(NEPAL, BURMA)</small>

===== ส่วนย่อย *Blumiana* =====
* *Magnolia gigantifolia* <small>(Miq.) Noot.</small> . <small>(BORNEO, SUMATRA)</small>
* *Magnolia hodgsonii* <small>(Hook.f. & Thom.) H.Keng</small> - Gai lie mu <small>(NEPAL, BURMA)</small>
* *Magnolia lasia* <small>Noot.</small> . <small>(BORNEO)</small>
* *Magnolia liliifera* <small>(L.) Baillon</small> - Egg magnolia <small>(SE ASIA, BORNEO, PHILIPPINES, SINGAPORE, SUMATRA)</small>
** *Magnolia liliifera* var. *angatensis* <small>(Blanco) Noot.</small> . <small>(PHILIPPINES)</small>
** *Magnolia liliifera* var. *beccarii* <small>([[Henry Nicholas Ridley|Ridley]]) Noot.</small> . <small>(BORNEO)</small>
** *Magnolia liliifera* var. *liliifera* . <small>(SE ASIA)</small>
** *Magnolia liliifera* var. *obovata* <small>(Korth.) Govaerts</small> . <small>(BORNEO)</small>
** *Magnolia liliifera* var. *singapurensis* <small>(Ridley) Noot.</small> . <small>(SINGAPORE, SUMATRA)</small>
* *Magnolia mariusjacobsia* <small>Noot.</small> . <small>(BORNEO)</small>
* *Magnolia persuaveolens* <small>Dandy</small> - Fragrant magnolia <small>(BORNEO)</small>
** *Magnolia persuaveolens* ssp. *persuaveolens* . <small>(BORNEO)</small>
** *Magnolia persuaveolens* ssp. *rigida* <small>Noot.</small> . <small>(BORNEO)</small>
* *Magnolia sarawakensis* <small>(Agostini) Noot.</small> . <small>(BORNEO)</small>
* *Magnolia villosa* <small>(Miq.) H.Keng</small> . <small>(SUMATRA, BORNEO)</small>

==== ส่วน *Talauma* ====

===== ส่วนย่อย *Talauma* =====
* *Magnolia allenii* <small>Standl.</small> . <small>(PANAMA)</small>
* *Magnolia amazonica* <small>Ducke</small> . <small>(BRAZIL, PERU)</small>
* *Magnolia arcabucoana* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia boliviana* <small>(M.Nee) Govaerts</small> . <small>(BOLIVIA)</small>
* *Magnolia caricifragrans* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia cespedesii* <small>(Triana & Planch) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia chocoensis* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia dixonii* <small>(Little) Govaerts</small> . <small>(ECUADOR)</small>
* *Magnolia dodecapetala* <small>(Lam.) Govaerts</small> . <small>(LESSER ANTILLES)</small>
* *Magnolia espinalii* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia georgii* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia gilbertoi* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia gloriensis* <small>(Pittier) Govaerts</small> . <small>(CENTRAL AMERICA)</small>
* *Magnolia hernandezii* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia irwiniana* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(BRAZIL)</small>
* *Magnolia katiorum* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia lacandonica* <small>Vazquez-Garcia, Perez-Farrera, Martinez-Camilo, Muniz-Castro & Martinez-Melendez</small> . <small>(MEXICO)</small>
* *Magnolia mexicana* <small>DC.</small> . <small>(MEXICO)</small>
* *Magnolia minor* <small>(Urb.) Govaerts</small> . <small>(CUBA)</small>
* *Magnolia morii* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(PANAMA)</small>
* *Magnolia narinensis* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia neillii* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(ECUADOR)</small>
* *Magnolia ovata* <small>(A.St.-Hil.) Spreng.</small> . <small>(BRAZIL)</small>
* *Magnolia polyhypsophilla* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia quetzel* <small>Vazquez-Garcia, Veliz-Perez, Triboullier-Navas & Muniz-Castro</small> . <small>(GUATEMALA)</small>
* *Magnolia rimachii* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(PERU, ECUADOR)</small>
* *Magnolia sambuensis* <small>(Pittier) Govaerts</small> . <small>(PANAMA, COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia santanderiana* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia sellowiana* <small>(A.St.-Hil.) Govaerts</small> . <small>(BRAZIL)</small>
* *Magnolia silvioi* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia venezuelensis* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(VENEZUELA)</small>
* *Magnolia virolinensis* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia wolfii* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>

===== ส่วนย่อย *Dugandiodendron* =====
* *Magnolia argyrothricha* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia calimaensis* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia calophylla* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia cararensis* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia chimantensis* <small>Steyermark & Maguire</small> - Chimanta magnolia <small>(VENEZUELA)</small>
* *Magnolia colombiana* <small>(Little) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia guatapensis* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia lenticellata* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia magnifolia* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia mahechae* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia ptaritepuiana* <small>Steyermark</small> - Ptari-tepui magnolia <small>(VENEZUELA)</small>
* *Magnolia striatifolia* <small>Little</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA, ECUADOR)</small>
* *Magnolia urraoense* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>
* *Magnolia yarumalense* <small>(Lozano) Govaerts</small> . <small>(COLOMBIA)</small>

===== ส่วนย่อย *Cubenses* =====
* *Magnolia cacuminoides* <small>Bisse</small> . <small>(CUBA)</small>
* *Magnolia cristalensis* <small>Bisse</small> . <small>(CUBA)</small>
* *Magnolia cubensis* <small>Urb.</small> - Cuban magnolia <small>(CUBA)</small>
* *Magnolia domingensis* <small>Urb.</small> - Dominican magnolia <small>(HAITI)</small>
* *Magnolia ekmannii* <small>Urb.</small> . <small>(HAITI)</small>
* *Magnolia emarginata* <small>Urb. & Ekman</small> - Small-notched magnolia <small>(HAITI)</small>
* *Magnolia hamorii* <small>Howard</small> - Hamor's magnolia <small>(DOM. REP.)</small>
* *Magnolia pallescens* <small>Urb. & Ekman</small> - Pale magnolia <small>(DOM. REP.)</small>
* *Magnolia portoricensis* <small>Bello</small> - Puerto Rico magnolia <small>(PUERTO RICO)</small>
* *Magnolia splendens* <small>Urban</small> - Shining magnolia or Laurel magnolia <small>(PUERTO RICO)</small>

==== ส่วน *Manglietia* ====
* *Magnolia aromatica* <small>(Dandy) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(S CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia blaoensis* <small>(Gagnep.) Dandy</small> . <small>(VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia blumei* <small>Prantl</small> . <small>(SUMATRA, JAVA)</small>
** *Magnolia blumei* var. *blumei* . <small>(SUMATRA, JAVA)</small>
** *Magnolia blumei* var. *sumatrana* <small>(Miq.) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(W SUMATRA)</small>
* *Magnolia calophylloides* <small>Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(W SUMATRA)</small>
* *Magnolia caveana* <small>(Hook.f. & Thoms.) D.C.Raju & M.P.Nayer</small> . <small>(ASSAM, N BURMA)</small>
* *Magnolia chevalieri* <small>(Dandy) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(VIETNAM, LAOS)</small>
* *Magnolia conifera* <small>(Dandy) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(SE CHINA, VIETNAM)</small>
** *Magnolia conifera* var. *chingii* <small>(Dandy) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(SE CHINA)</small>
** *Magnolia conifera* var. *conifera* . <small>(SE CHINA, VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia crassipes* <small>(Y.W.Law) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(GUANGDONG (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia dandyi* <small>(Gapnep.) Dandy</small> . <small>(S CHINA, VIETNAM, LAOS)</small>
* *Magnolia decidua* <small>(Q.Y.Zheng) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(JIANGXI (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia dolichogyna* <small>(Dandy ex Noot.) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(BORNEO, MALAY PENIN.)</small>
* *Magnolia duclouxii* <small>Finet & Gagnep.</small> . <small>(VIETNAM, SW CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia figlarii* <small>V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(SICHUAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia fordiana* <small>(Oliv.) Hu</small> . <small>(VIETNAM, S CHINA)</small>
** *Magnolia fordiana* var. *calcarea* <small>(X.H.Song) Chen & Noot.</small> . <small>(GUIZHOU (CHINA))</small>
** *Magnolia fordiana* var. *fordiana* . <small>(VIETNAM, S CHINA)</small>
** *Magnolia fordiana* var. *forrestii* <small>(W.W.Sm. Ex Dandy) Chen & Noot.</small> . <small>(SW CHINA)</small>
** *Magnolia fordiana* var. *kwangtungensis* <small>(Merr.) Chen & Noot.</small> . <small>(SE CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia garrettii* <small>(Craib) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(SW CHINA, VIETNAM, THAILAND)</small>
* *Magnolia grandis* <small>(Hu & W.C.Cheng) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia hookeri* <small>Cubitt & W.W.Sm.</small> . <small>(SW CHINA, N BURMA, THAILAND)</small>
* *Magnolia insignis* <small>(Wall.) Blume</small> . <small>(S CHINA, NEPAL, BURMA)</small>
* *Magnolia lanuginosoides* <small>Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(SUMATRA)</small>
* *Magnolia lucida* <small>(B.L.Chen & S.C.Yang) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(SW CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia megaphylla* <small>(Hu & W.C.Cheng) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia moto* <small>(Dandy) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(SE CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia obovalifolia* <small>(C.Y.Yu & Law) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia ovoidea* <small>(H.T.Chang & B.L.Chen) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia phuthoensis* <small>(Dandy ex Gapnep.) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia rufibarbata* <small>(Dandy) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia sabahensis* <small>(Dandy ex Noot.) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(BORNEO)</small>
* *Magnolia tibetica* <small>V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(TIBET)</small>
* *Magnolia utilis* <small>(Dandy) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(N BURMA, THAILAND)</small>
* *Magnolia ventii* <small>(N.V.Tiep) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia yuyuanensis* <small>(Y.W.Law) V.S.Kumar</small> . <small>(E CHINA)</small>

==== ส่วน *Kmeria* ====
* *Magnolia duperreana* <small>Pierre</small> . <small>(VIETNAM, CAMBODIA)</small>
* *Magnolia kwangsiensis* <small>Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(YUNNAN, GUANGXI (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia thailandica* <small>Noot. & Chalermglin</small> . <small>(THAILAND)</small>

==== ส่วน *Rhytidospermum* ====
[[ไฟล์:Magnolia hypoleuca 2.jpg|200px|thumb|right|*Magnolia obovata*.]]

===== ส่วนย่อย *Rhytidospermum* =====
* *Magnolia obovata* <small>Thunb.</small> - Japanese bigleaf magnolia or Japanese whitebark magnolia <small>(JAPAN)</small>
* *Magnolia officinalis* <small>Rehd. & Wilson</small> - Houpu magnolia or Magnolia-bark <small>(W CHINA)</small>
** *Magnolia officinalis* ssp. *biloba* <small>Cheng & Law</small> - Aoyehoupo magnolia <small>(E CHINA)</small>
** *Magnolia officinalis* ssp. *officinalis* - Houpu magnolia or Magnolia-bark <small>(E CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia rostrata* <small>W.W.Smith</small> - Beaked magnolia <small>(SW CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia tripetala* <small>(L.) L.</small> - Umbrella magnolia or Umbrella-tree <small>(SE US)</small>

[[ไฟล์:Magnolia wilsonii1UME.jpg|200px|thumb|right|*Magnolia wilsonii*.]]

===== ส่วนย่อย *Oyama* =====
* *Magnolia globosa* <small>Hook.f. & Thoms.</small> - Globe magnolia or Hen magnolia <small>(NEPAL, BURMA)</small>
* *Magnolia sieboldii* <small>K.Koch</small> - Siebold's magnolia or Oyama magnolia <small>(KOREA, E CHINA)</small>
** *Magnolia sieboldii* ssp. *japonica* <small>K.Ueda</small> . <small>(JAPAN, CENTRAL CHINA)</small>
** *Magnolia sieboldii* ssp. *sieboldii* Siebold's magnolia or Oyama magnolia <small>(JAPAN)</small>
** *Magnolia sieboldii* ssp. *sinensis* <small>(Rehd. & Wilson) Spongberg</small> - Chinese Oyama magnolia or Floreplena magnolia <small>(CENTRAL CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia wilsonii* <small>(Finet. & Gagnep.) Rehd.</small> - Wilson's magnolia <small>(SW CHINA)</small>

[[ไฟล์:Magnolia fraseri1a.UME.jpg|200px|thumb|right|*Magnolia fraseri*.]]

==== ส่วน *Auriculata* ====
* *Magnolia fraseri* <small>Walt.</small> - Fraser magnolia or Ear-leaved magnolia <small>(SE US)</small>
** *Magnolia fraseri* var. *fraseri* - Fraser magnolia or Ear-leaved magnolia  <small>(SE US)</small>
** *Magnolia fraseri* var. *pyramidata* <small>(Bartram) Pampanini</small> - Pyramid magnolia <small>(SE US)</small>

[[ไฟล์:M.macrophylla var. ashei 200706.jpg|thumb|300px|right|*Magnolia macrophylla* var. *ashei* flower in female phase.]]

==== ส่วน *Macrophylla* ====
* *Magnolia macrophylla* <small>Michx.</small> - Bigleaf magnolia <small>(SE US, E MEXICO)</small>
** *Magnolia macrophylla* var. *ashei* <small>(Weatherby) D.Johnson</small> - Ashe magnolia <small>(SE US)</small>
** *Magnolia macrophylla* var. *dealbata* <small>(Zuccarini) D.Johnson</small> - Mexican bigleaf magnolia or Cloudforest magnolia <small>(E MEXICO)</small>
** *Magnolia macrophylla* var. *macrophylla* - Bigleaf magnolia  <small>(SE US)</small>


=== สกุลย่อย *Yulania* ===
==== ส่วน *Yulania* ====
[[ไฟล์:Magnolienbluete freiburg.jpg|300px|thumb|right|*Magnolia liliiflora*.]]

===== ส่วนย่อย *Yulania* =====
* *Magnolia amoena* <small>W.C.Cheng</small> - Tianmu magnolia or Tienmu magnolia <small>(E CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia biondii* <small>Pampan</small> - Spring hope magnolia <small>(E CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia campbellii* <small>Hook.f. & Thomson</small> - Campbell's magnolia <small>(W CHINA, HIMALAYAS)</small>
** *Magnolia campbellii* var. *alba* <small>Treseder</small> . <small>(HIMALAYAS)</small>
** *Magnolia campbellii* var. *campbellii* . <small>(HIMALAYAS)</small>
** *Magnolia campbellii* var. *mollicomata* <small>(W.W.Smith) F.Kingdon-Ward</small> . <small>(W CHINA, HIMALAYAS)</small>
* *Magnolia cylindrica* <small>Wilson</small> - Huangshan magnolia <small>(E CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia dawsoniana* <small>Rehd. & Wilson</small> - Dawson's magnolia <small>(SICHUAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia denudata* <small>Desr.</small> - Yulan magnolia or Lilytree <small>(E CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia kobus* <small>DC.</small> - Kobushi magnolia <small>(JAPAN, KOREA)</small>
* *Magnolia liliiflora* <small>Desr.</small> - Mulan magnolia, Purple magnolia, Red magnolia or Woody-orchid <small>(C CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia salicifolia* <small>(Sieb. & Zucc.) Maxim.</small> - Willow-leafed magnolia <small>(JAPAN)</small>
* *Magnolia sargentiana* <small>Rehd. & Wilson</small> - Sargent's magnolia <small>(W CHINA)</small>
** *Magnolia sargentiana* var. *robusta* <small>Rehd. & Wilson</small> . <small>(SICHUAN (CHINA))</small>
** *Magnolia sargentiana* var. *sargentiana* . <small>(W CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia sprengeri* <small>Pampan</small> - Sprenger's magnolia <small>(SICHUAN (CHINA))</small>
** *Magnolia sprengeri* var. *elongata* <small>(Rehd. & Wilson) Johnstone</small> . <small>(SICHUAN (CHINA))</small>
** *Magnolia sprengeri* var. *sprengeri* . <small>(SICHUAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia stellata* <small>(Sieb. & Zucc.) Maxim.</small> - Star magnolia <small>(JAPAN)</small>
* *Magnolia × soulangeana* <small>Thiéb.-Bern.</small> - Saucer magnolia <small>(HYBRID ORIGIN)</small>
* *Magnolia zenii* <small>Cheng</small> - Zen magnolia <small>(E CHINA)</small>

===== ส่วนย่อย *Tulipastrum* =====
* *Magnolia acuminata* <small>(L.) L.</small> - Cucumber tree or Blue magnolia <small>(E NORTH AMERICA)</small>
** *Magnolia acuminata* var. *acuminata* - Cucumber tree or Blue magnolia  <small>(E NORTH AMERICA)</small>
** *Magnolia acuminata* var. *subcordata* <small>(Spach) Dandy</small> - Yellow cucumber tree <small>(SE US)</small>

==== ส่วน*Michelia* ====
[[ไฟล์:Starr 070320-5725 Michelia x alba.jpg|300px|thumb|right|*Magnolia* × *alba*.]]

===== ส่วนย่อย *Michelia* =====
* *Magnolia × alba* <small>(DC.) Figlar & Noot.</small> - White champaca <small>(HYBRID ORIGIN)</small>
* *Magnolia angustioblonga* <small>(Law & Wu) Figlar</small> . <small>(SW CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia baillonii* <small>Pierre</small> . <small>(SW CHINA, VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia balansae* <small>A.DC.</small> . <small>(S CHINA, VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia banghamii* <small>(Noot.) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(MALAYSIA, SUMATRA)</small>
* *Magnolia braianensis* <small>(Gagnep.) Figlar</small> . <small>(VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia cavaleriei* <small>(Finet & Gagnep.) Figlar</small> . <small>(S CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia champaca* <small>(L.) Baillon ex Pierre</small> . <small>(S INDIA, LESSER SUNDA IS., JAVA, MALAY PENIN.)</small>
** *Magnolia champaca* var. *champaca* . <small>(S INDIA, LESSER SUNDA IS.)</small>
** *Magnolia champaca* var. *pubinervia* <small>(Blume) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(JAVA, MALAY PENIN.)</small>
* *Magnolia chapensis* <small>(Dandy) Sima</small> . <small>(S CHINA, N VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia compressa* <small>Maxim.</small> . <small>(JAPAN, SW CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia coriacea* <small>(H.T.Chang & B.L.Chen) Figlar</small> . <small>(SE YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia dianica* <small>Sima & Figlar</small> . <small>(SW CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia doltsopa* <small>(Buch.-Ham. Ex DC.) Figlar</small> . <small>(SW CHINA, HIMALAYAS)</small>
* *Magnolia elliptilimba* <small>(B.L.Chen & Noot.) Figlar</small> . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia ernestii* <small>Figlar</small> . <small>(SICHUAN (CHINA))</small>
** *Magnolia ernestii* ssp. *ernestii* . <small>(SICHUAN (CHINA))</small>
** *Magnolia ernestii* ssp. *szechuanica* <small>(Dandy) Sima & Figlar</small> . <small>(SICHUAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia figo* <small>(Lour.) DC.</small> - Banana-shrub or Chenille copperleaf <small>(SE CHINA)</small>
** *Magnolia figo* var. *crassipes* <small>(Law) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(SE CHINA)</small>
** *Magnolia figo* var. *figo* . <small>(SE CHINA)</small>
** *Magnolia figo* var. *skinneriana* <small>ined.</small> . <small>(SE CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia flaviflora* <small>(Law & Wu) Figlar</small> . <small>(VIETNAM, SW CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia floribunda* <small>(Finet & Gagnep.) Figlar</small> . <small>(S CHINA, VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia foveolata* <small>(Merr. Ex Dandy) Figlar</small> . <small>(S CHINA, VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia fujianensis* <small>(Q.F.Zheng) Figlar</small> . <small>(SE CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia fulva* <small>(H.T.Chang & B.L.Chen) Figlar</small> . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA), VIET.?)</small>
** *Magnolia fulva* var. *calcicola* <small>Sima & Yu</small> . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
** *Magnolia fulva* var. *fulva* . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA), VIET.?)</small>
* *Magnolia guangxiensis* <small>(Law & R.Z.Zhou) Sima</small> . <small>(GUANGXI (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia hypolampra* <small>(Dandy) Figlar</small> . <small>(S CHINA, VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia ingrata* <small>(B.L.Chen & S.C.Lang) Figlar</small> . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia jiangxiensis* <small>(H.T.Chang & B.L.Chen) Figlar</small> . <small>(JIANGXI (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia kingii* <small>(Dandy) Figlar</small> . <small>(BANGLADESH, ASSAM)</small>
* *Magnolia kisopa* <small>(Bush.-Ham. ex DC.) Figlar</small> . <small>(VIETNAM, NEPAL)</small>
* *Magnolia koordersiana* <small>(Noot.) Figlar</small> . <small>(MALAYSIA, W SUMATRA)</small>
* *Magnolia lacei* <small>(W.W.Smith) Figlar</small> . <small>(SW CHINA, VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia lanuginosa* <small>(Wall.) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA), NEPAL)</small>
* *Magnolia leveilleana* <small>(Dandy) Figlar</small> . <small>(SW CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia macclurei* <small>(Dandy) Figlar</small> . <small>(S CHINA, N VIETNAM)</small>
** *Magnolia macclurei* var. *macclurei* . <small>(S CHINA, N VIETNAM)</small>
** *Magnolia macclurei* var. *sublanea* <small>Dandy</small> . <small>(GUANGDONG (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia mannii* <small>(King) King</small> . <small>(ASSAM)</small>
* *Magnolia martinii* <small>H.Lev.</small> . <small>(SE CHINA, VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia masticata* <small>(Dandy) Figlar</small> . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA), LAOS)</small>
* *Magnolia maudiae* <small>(Dunn) Figlar</small> . <small>(SE CHINA, HAINAN IS.)</small>
** *Magnolia maudiae* var. *hunanensis* <small>(C.L.Peng & L.H.Yan) Sima</small> . <small>(HUNAN (CHINA))</small>
** *Magnolia maudiae* var. *maudiae* . <small>(SE CHINA, HAINAN IS.)</small>
** *Magnolia maudiae* var. *platypetala* <small>(Hand.-Mazz.) Sima</small> . <small>(S-CENTRAL CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia mediocris* <small>(Dandy) Figlar</small> . <small>(S CHINA, VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia microcarpa* <small>(B.L.Chen & S.C.Yang) Sima</small> . <small>(S CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia microtricha* <small>(Hand.-Mazz.) Figlar</small> . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia montana* <small>(Blume) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(MALAYSIA to BORNEO)</small>
* *Magnolia nilagirica* <small>(Zenker) Figlar</small> . <small>(S INDIA, SRI LANKA)</small>
* *Magnolia oblonga* <small>(Wall. Ex Hook.f. & Thomson) Figlar</small> . <small>(ASSAM)</small>
* *Magnolia odora* <small>(Chun) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(SE CHINA, N VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia opipara* <small>(H.T.Chang & B.L.Chen) Sima</small> . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia philippinensis* <small>P.Pharm</small> . <small>(PHILIPPINES)</small>
* *Magnolia punduana* <small>(Hook.f. & Thoms.) Figlar</small> . <small>(ASSAM)</small>
* *Magnolia rajaniana* <small>(Craib.) Figlar</small> . <small>(THAILAND)</small>
* *Magnolia scortechinii* <small>(King) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(MALAY PENIN., W SUMATRA)</small>
* *Magnolia shiluensis* <small>(Chun & Y.F.Wu) Figlar</small> . <small>(HAINAN IS.)</small>
* *Magnolia sirindhorniae* <small>Noot. & Chalermglin</small> - Princess Sirindhorn's magnolia <small>(THAILAND)</small>
* *Magnolia sphaerantha* <small>(C.Y.Wu ex Z.S.Yue) Sima</small> . <small>(SW CHINA)</small>
**Magnolia subulifera* <small>(Dandy) Figlar</small> . <small>(VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia sumatrae* <small>(Dandy) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(MALAYSIA, SUMATRA)</small>
* *Magnolia xanthantha* <small>(C.Y.Wu ex Law & Y.F.Wu) Figlar</small> . <small>(YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>

===== ส่วนย่อย *Elmerrillia* =====
* *Magnolia platyphylla* <small>(Merr.) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(PHILIPPINES)</small>
* *Magnolia pubescens* <small>(Merr.) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(PHILIPPINES)</small>
* *Magnolia tsiampacca* <small>(L.) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(SUMATRA, NEW GUINEA, MALAYSIA, BORNEO)</small>
** *Magnolia tsiampacca* ssp. *mollis* <small>(Dandy) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(SUMATRA, BORNEO)</small>
** *Magnolia tsiampacca* ssp. *tsiampacca* . <small>(SUMATRA, NEW GUINEA, MALAYSIA)</small>
** *Magnolia tsiampacca* ssp. *tsiampacca* var. *glaberrima* <small>(Dandy) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(MALAYSIA, NEW GUINEA)</small>
** *Magnolia tsiampacca* ssp. *tsiampacca* var. *tsiampacca* . <small>(SUMATRA, NEW GUINEA)</small>
* *Magnolia vrieseana* <small>(Miq.) Baill. Ex Pierre</small> . <small>(SULAWESI, MOLUCCAS)</small>

===== ส่วนย่อย *Maingola* =====
* *Magnolia annamensis* <small>Dandy</small> . <small>(VIETNAM)</small>
* *Magnolia carsonii* <small>Dandy ex Noot.</small> . <small>(BORNEO, CELEBES)</small>
** *Magnolia carsonii* var. *carsonii* . <small>(BORNEO)</small>
** *Magnolia carsonii* var. *drymifolia* <small>Noot.</small> . <small>(BORNEO)</small>
** *Magnolia carsonii* var. *phaulanta* <small>(Dandy ex Noot.) S.Kim</small> . <small>(CELEBES)</small>
* *Magnolia cathcartii* <small>(Hook.f. & Thoms.) Noot.</small> . <small>(SW CHINA, BURMA)</small>
* *Magnolia griffithii* <small>King</small> . <small>(INDIA, ASSAM)</small>
* *Magnolia gustavii* <small>King</small> - Gustav's magnolia <small>(INDIA, ASSAM)</small>
* *Magnolia macklottii* <small>(Korth.) Dandy</small> . <small>(W JAVA, BORNEO, SUMATRA)</small>
** *Magnolia macklottii* var. *beccariana* <small>(Agostini) Noot.</small> . <small>(SUMATRA)</small>
** *Magnolia macklottii* var. *macklottii* . <small>(W JAVA, BORNEO)</small>
* *Magnolia pealiana* <small>King</small> . <small>(ASSAM)</small>

===== ส่วนย่อย *Aromadendron* =====
* *Magnolia ashtonii* <small>Dandy ex. Noot.</small> . <small>(SUMATRA, BORNEO)</small>
* *Magnolia bintuluensis* <small>(Agostini) Noot.</small> . <small>(SUMATRA, BORNEO)</small>
* *Magnolia borneensis* <small>Noot.</small> . <small>(BORNEO, PHILIPPINES)</small>
* *Magnolia elegans* <small>(Blume) Keng</small> . <small>(SUMATRA, JAVA)</small>
* *Magnolia pahangensis* <small>Noot.</small> . <small>(BORNEO, PHILIPPINES)</small>

=== สกุลย่อย *Gynopodium* ===

==== ส่วน *Gynopodium* ====
* *Magnolia kachirachirai* <small>(Kanehira & Yamamoto) Dandy</small> . <small>(TAIWAN)</small>
* *Magnolia lotungensis* <small>Chun & Tsoon</small> . <small>(S CHINA)</small>
* *Magnolia nitida* <small>W.W.Smith</small> - Glossy magnolia <small>(NW YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia omeiensis* <small>(Hu & Cheng) Dandy</small> . <small>(SICHUAN (CHINA))</small>
* *Magnolia yunnanensis* <small>(Hu) Noot.</small> . <small>(SE YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>

==== ส่วน *Manglietiastrum* ====
* *Magnolia pleiocarpa* <small>(Dandy) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(ASSAM)</small>
* *Magnolia praecalva* <small>(Dandy) Figlar & Noot.</small> . <small>(VIETNAM, MALAY PENIN.)</small>
* *Magnolia sinica* <small>(Law) Noot.</small> . <small>(SE YUNNAN (CHINA))</small>

== อ้างอิง ==


== แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น ==

* 
* [https://www.arboretum.harvard.edu/plants/image-search/?keyword=magnolia&submit=Search *Magnolia* images at the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University Plant Image Database]
* Friedman, William (Ned). [https://www.arboretum.harvard.edu/hunting-magnolia-fruits-at-the-arboretum/ "Hunting magnolia fruits at the Arboretum."]  *Posts from the Collection,* Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University website, 20 October 2019. Accessed 29 April 2020.
* Dosmann, Michael and Nancy Rose. [https://arboretum.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/Magnolia.pdf "Early to Evolve, Early to Flower: Collections Up Close Spotlights the Magnolia Collection."]  *Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University* website, Spring/Summer 2014. Accessed 29 April 2020.
* [https://www.arboretum.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/tree-of-the-month-magnolias.pdf "Magnolia - April Tree of the Month."] *Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University,* 2014. Accessed 29 April 2020. 
* Glasser, Larissa. [https://www.arboretum.harvard.edu/magnolia-madness-april/ "Magnolia madness in April."]  *Blog of the Arnold Arboretum Horticultural Library,'' Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University website, 19 April 2017. Accessed 29 April 2020.
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