สกุลมะแข่น

**สกุลมะแข่น** หรือ ***Zanthoxylum***  (รวมสกุล *Fagara*) เป็นสกุลที่มีสมาชิก 250 สปีชีส์ของพืชไม่ผลัดใบในวงศ์ Rutaceae พืชหลายชนิดมีแก่น ผลของพืชในสกุลนี้หลายชนิดเป็นเครื่องเทศเช่น พริกหอม และใช้ปลูกเป็นบอนไซ เปลือกไม้เคยเป็นยาแก้ปวดฟันและรูมาติซึม

## ตัวอย่างสปีชีส์
**[[Zanthoxylum acanthopodium]]* DC. - Andaliman;  (*ci hua jiao*)
**[[Zanthoxylum ailanthoides]]* Sieb. & Zucc. -  (*chun ye hua jiao*), 越椒 (*yue-jiao*), 食茱萸 (*shi zhu yu*); *karasu-zanshō*.
:(syn. *Fagara ailanthoides* (Sieb. & Zucc.) Engler)
**[[Zanthoxylum alatum]]* Roxb. - Winged prickly ash.
:(cf. syn under *Z.armatum*)
**[[Zanthoxylum albuquerquei]]* D.R.Simpson (Peru)
**[[Zanthoxylum americanum]]* Mill. - Toothache Tree, Northern prickly ash (Eastern and Central United States)
**[[Zanthoxylum armatum]]* DC. - Bamboo-leaf prickly ash;  (*zhu ye hua jiao*), 竹葉(花)椒(*zhu-ye-(hua)-jiao*, "bamboo-leaved Z."), 狗椒 (*gou-jia*  "dog Z."),
:(syn. *Z. planispinum* Sieb. & Zucc.; *Z. alatum* sensu Forbes & Hemsley, Rehder  & Wilson, non Roxburgh; *Z. alatum* var. *planispinum* Rehder & Wilson)
**[[Zanthoxylum atchoum]]* (Aké Assi) Waterman (Côte d'Ivoire)
**[[Zanthoxylum beecheyanum]]*
**[[Zanthoxylum belizense]]* Lundell (Central America)
**[[Zanthoxylum bifoliolatum]]* Leonard - Maricao prickly ash
**[[Zanthoxylum brachyacanthum]]* F.Muell. - Thorny Yellowwood (Australia)
**[[Zanthoxylum bungeanum]]* Maxim. - Northern China peppercorn; (*hua jiao*)
**[[Zanthoxylum buesgenii]]*
**[[Zanthoxylum capense]]* (Thunb.) Harv.
**[[Zanthoxylum caribaeum]]* Lam. - Yellow prickly ash
**[[Zanthoxylum chevalieri]]* Waterman (Ghana)
[thumb|190px|'ผลและใบของ'[Zanthoxylum clava-herculis* ]]
**Zanthoxylum clava-herculis* <small>[[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]</small> - Hercules club, Southern prickly ash ([[southeastern United States]])
**Zanthoxylum coco* <small>[[John Gillies|Gillies]] ex [[William Jackson Hooker|Hook.]] & [[George Arnott Walker Arnott|Arn.]]</small> - Coco, Smelly Sauco ([[Argentina]], [[Bolivia]])
**Zanthoxylum coreanum* <small>Nakai</small> - Korean Lime Tree
**Zanthoxylum coriaceum* <small></small> - Biscayne prickly ash
**Zanthoxylum davyi* <small>Waterman</small>
**Zanthoxylum delagoense* <small>Waterman</small> ([[Mozambique]])
**Zanthoxylum deremense* <small>([[Heinrich Gustav Adolf Engler|Engl.]]) Kokwaro</small> ([[Malawi]], [[Tanzania]])
**Zanthoxylum dipetalum* <small>H.Mann</small> - Kāwau ([[Hawaii]])
**Zanthoxylum fagara* <small>(L.) [[Charles Sprague Sargent|Sarg.]]</small> - Lime prickly ash ([[Neotropic ecozone|Neotropics]])
**Zanthoxylum ferrugineum* <small>J.D.Smith</small> (Central America)
**Zanthoxylum flavum* <small>[[Martin Vahl|Vahl]]</small> - West Indian Satinwood ([[Caribbean]])
**Zanthoxylum gentlei* <small>[[Cyrus Longworth Lundell|Lundell]]</small> ([[Belize]], [[Guatemala]], [[Honduras]])
**Zanthoxylum harrisii* <small>P.Wilson ex Britton</small> ([[Jamaica]])
**Zanthoxylum hartii* <small>(Krug & [[Ignatz Urban|Urb.]]) P.Wilson</small> (Jamaica)
**Zanthoxylum hawaiiense* <small>[[William Hillebrand|Hillebr.]]</small> - Ae, Hawaiii prickly ash (Hawaii)
**Zanthoxylum heterophyllum* <small>(Lam.) Smith</small> ([[Mauritius]], [[Réunion]])
**Zanthoxylum hirsutum* <small>Buckley</small> - Texas Hercules club
[[ไฟล์:Zanthoxylum piperitum.jpg|thumb|190px|ผลและเมล็ดของ*Z. piperitum*]]
**Zanthoxylum holtzianum* <small>(Engl.) Waterm.</small> (Tanzania)
**Zanthoxylum humile* <small>Waterm.</small>
**Zanthoxylum hyemale* <small>[[Augustin Saint-Hilaire|A.St.-Hil.]]</small>
**Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum* <small>([[Elmer Drew Merrill|Merr.]]) Merr.</small> (The [[Philippines]], [[Taiwan]])
**Zanthoxylum kauaense* <small>[[Asa Gray|A.Gray]]</small> - Ae, Kauai prickly ash (Hawaii)
**Zanthoxylum leprieurii* <small>Guill. & Perr.</small>
**Zanthoxylum limonella* <small>Alston</small> - Makhwaen ()
**Zanthoxylum lindense* <small>(Engl.) Kokwaro</small> (Tanzania)
**Zanthoxylum martinicense* <small>(Lam.) DC.</small> - White prickly ash
**Zanthoxylum monophyllum* <small>(Lam.) P.Wilson</small> - Yellow Prickle
[[ไฟล์:Zanthoxylum rhetsa bark.JPG|thumb|190px|เปลือกของ*Z. rhetsa* ที่ Pakke Tiger Reserve]]
**Zanthoxylum nadeaudii* <small>[[Emmanuel Drake del Castillo|Drake]]</small> ([[French Polynesia]])
**Zanthoxylum negrilense* <small>[[William Fawcett (botanist)|Fawc.]] & [[Alfred Barton Rendle|Rendle]]</small> (Jamaica)
**Zanthoxylum nitidum* <small>(Roxb.) DC.</small> - Shining prickly ash; (*liang mian zhen* "both side needles")
**Zanthoxylum oahuense* <small>Hillebr.</small> - Ae, Oahu Prickly ash (Island of [[Oahu|Oahu]] in Hawaii)
**Zanthoxylum ocumarense* <small>(Pittier) Steyerm.</small>
**Zanthoxylum ovatifoliolatum* <small>Finkelstein</small>
**Zanthoxylum naranjillo* <small>Griseb.</small> - Naranjillo
**Zanthoxylum panamense* <small>[[P.Wilson]]</small> (Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama)
**Zanthoxylum paniculatum* <small></small> ([[Rodrigues]])
**Zanthoxylum parvum* <small>Shinners</small> - Tickletongue
**Zanthoxylum pinnatum*
**Zanthoxylum piperitum* <small>(L.) DC.</small> - Japanese Pepper Tree, Japan Pepper, Sanshō; *sanshō*; (*chopi-namu*)
**Zanthoxylum planispinum* <small>Siebold & Zucc.</small> → *Z. armatum*
**Zanthoxylum procerum* <small>[[James Donn|Donn]] [[James Edward Smith|Sm.]]</small> (Central America)
* *Zanthoxylum psammophilum* <small>(Aké Assi) Waterman</small> (Côte d'Ivoire)
* *Zanthoxylum punctatum* <small>Vahl</small> - Dotted prickly ash
* *Zanthoxylum rhetsa* <small>(Roxb.) DC.</small> - Chirphal, Teppal, Tirphal, Indian Pepper
[[ไฟล์:Zanthoxylum simulans close.jpg|thumb|190px|*Z. simulans* ที่ไม่มีใบและมีปมตามเปลือก]]
* *Zanthoxylum rhoifolium* <small>Lam.</small>
* *Zanthoxylum schinifolium* <small>Siebold & Zucc.</small> - Mastic-leaved prickly ash; Wild Zanthoxylum;  (*xiang-jiao-zi* "aromatic Z."), 青花椒 (*qing-hua-jiao* "green Z.");  (*inu-zanshō*); (山椒__; *sancho-namu*)
:<small>(syn. *Fagara mantchurica* (J.[[Benn.]] ex Daniell) Honda, *F. schinifolia* (Seib. & Zucc.) [[Engl.]])</small>
* *Zanthoxylum simulans* <small>Hance</small> - Chinese prickly ash, [[Sichuan pepper]], Sichuan Zanthoxylum,  Sichuan peppercorn;  (*ye hua jiao*), 川椒 (*chuan-jiao*, lit. "Sichuan pepper")(Eastern [[China]], Taiwan)
* *Zanthoxylum spinifex* <small>(Jacq.) DC.</small> - Niaragato
* *Zanthoxylum thomasianum* <small>(Krug & Urb.) P.Wilson</small> - St. Thomas prickly ash ([[Puerto Rico]], [[British Virgin Islands]], [[United States Virgin Islands]])
* *Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides* <small>(Lam.) Zepern. & Timler, 1981</small>; Senegal pricky ash

===เคยอยู่ในสกุลนี้===
* *Eleutherococcus trifoliatus* <small>(L.) S.Y.Hu</small> (as *Z. trifoliatum* <small>L.</small>)
* *Melicope lunu-ankenda* <small>(Gaertn.) T.G.Hartley</small> (as *Z. roxburghianum* <small>Cham.</small>)
* *Melicope pteleifolia* <small>(Champ. ex Benth.) T.G.Hartley</small> (as *Z. pteleifolium'' Champ. ex Benth.)
## อ้างอิง

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