Kukingiwa dhambi ya asili

ya karne ya 11 ya Theotokos Panachranta, yaani "Mama wa Mungu asiye na doa lolote".]]
**Kukingiwa dhambi ya asili** ni fundisho rasmi la Kanisa Katoliki kuhusu Bikira Maria, kwamba alitungwa mimba bila kurithi dhambi ya asili na kwamba alipewa na Mungu fadhili hiyo kwa kutanguliziwa stahili za Yesu Kristo, mwanae

Kadiri ya imani hiyo Maria, akiwa kweli amejaa neema na mbarikiwa kati ya wanawake, kwa kutazamia uzazi na kifo cha Mwana wa Mungu kitakacholeta wokovu, tangu nukta ya kwanza ya kutungwa mimba alikingiwa doa lolote la dhambi.

Dogma hiyo ilitangazwa kwa fahari na Papa Pius IX kutokana na mapokeo ya kale sana . 

## Historia
Imani hiyo katika utakatifu usio na doa wa Maria ilishikwa na Wakristo tangu kale.

Hata hivyo mjadala wa wanateolojia uliendelea muda mrefu kuhusu uwezekano wa fadhili hiyo kuhusiana na imani ya kwamba Mkombozi pekee wa binadamu wote ni Yesu.

Kati ya watetezi wakuu wa fadhili hiyo walijitokeza Ndugu Wadogo, kuanzia Yohane Duns Skoto.

Hatimaye dogma hiyo ilitangazwa mwaka 1854 kwa hati *Ineffabilis Deus* ya Papa Pius IX.

Miaka minne baadaye huko Lurdi mtoto Bernadeta Soubirous alisema kuwa ametokewa mara kadha na mwanamke ambaye hatimaye alijitambulisha "Ndimi Kukingiwa Dhambi ya Asili".

## Katika liturujia
Kanisa la Kilatini linaadhimisha fumbo hilo kama sherehe tarehe 8 Desemba. Siku hiyo katika nchi mbalimbali ni sikukuu ya amri kwa Wakatoliki, na pengine sikukuu ya kitaifa.

Waprotestanti kwa jumla hawasadiki fundisho hilo, hata hivyo baadhi wanatumia siku hiyo kuheshimu Maria kuchukuliwa mimba 
 (*Sūratu Maryam*) iliyonakiliwa kwa mkono katika karne ya 9, Uturuki.]]

## Katika Uislamu
Mafundisho ya Uislamu juu ya ubora wa Bikira Mariamu yanafanana kiasi na imani hiyo.

## Picha

File:Piero di Cosimo 057.jpg|Mchoro wa Piero di Cosimo, 1505
File:0 L'Immaculée Conception - P.P. Rubens - Prado - P1627 - (2).JPG|Mchoro wa Rubens, 1628-1629
File:Inmaculada (Zurbarán).jpg|Mchoro wa Zurbarán, 1630
File:Inmaculada Concepcion (La Colosal).jpg|Mchoro wa Murillo, 1650
File:Imaculada - Murillo.jpg|Mchoro wa Murillo, 1660
File:La Inmaculada de Soult, 1678, Bartolomé E. Murillo.jpg|Mchoro wa Murillo, 1678
File:Maratta.jpg|Mchoro wa Carlo Maratta, 1689
File:Juan Antonio de Frías y Escalante. Inmaculada Concepción.jpg|Mchoro wa Juan Antonio Escalante 17th century
File:Roma-santa maria degli angeli.jpg|Altare ya kanisa la Bikira Maria wa Malaika na Wafiadini, Roma

## Tanbihi
## Marejeo ya Kiswahili
* John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk. 439-440
* Pd. Leandry Kimario, O.F.M.Cap. - Mfahamu Mtakatifu Somo Wako - Maisha ya Watakatifu wa Kila Siku pamoja na Watakatifu Wafransisko - Toleo la pili - Dar es Salaam 2021, uk. 379-380

## Marejeo ya lugha nyingine
* Le Franc, Martin. *The Conception of Mary -- A Rhyming Translation of Book V of Le Champion des Dames by Martin Le Franc (1410-1461).* Ed. and trans. Steven Millen Taylor. Lewiston, NY: The Edwin Mellen Press, 2010.

## Viungo vya nje
* *The Immaculate Conception in Art* (Painting) 
* *Ineffabilis Deus* (Apostolic Constitution of Pope Pius IX defining the dogma of the Immaculate Conception)
* http://fr.calameo.com/books/0015806127388765210be Godzinki: The Little Hours of the Immaculate Conception
* [St. Alphonsus Liguori's writing on the Immaculate Conception in his book *[The Glories of Mary](https://books.google.com/books?id=7uwCAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=&ei=ME5KSKGDIYjaigHBzIzlDQ#PP()A243,M1)(https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Glories_of_Mary)*]
* Catholic Encyclopedia entry on the Immaculate Conception
* Catholic Encyclopedia entry on Original Sin
* The Immaculate Conception. A study by a Melkite archimandrite 
*The Immaculate Conception of the Mother of God  based on Juniper Carol's Mariology and William Bernard Ullathornee's book
* "St. Augustine and Original Sin" — a short article on the different understandings of Original Sin in Eastern and Western Christianity, without distinguishing Protestant theology from Roman Catholic. The latter holds that "original sin does not have the character of a personal fault in any of Adam's descendants" (*Catechism of the Catholic Church*, 405).
*Mark I. Miraville (editor), "Mariology: A Guide for Priests, Deacons, Seminarians, and Consecrated Persons''
* Original Sin According To St. Paul by John S. Romanides
* Catechism of the Catholic Church "Conceived by the Power of the Holy Spirit and Born of the Virgin Mary"

Jamii:Sikukuu za Ukristo