Antoni Abati

[thumb|300x300px|[Sassetta, *Mt. Antoni akipigwa na mashetani*, Pinacoteca Nazionale ya Siena (Italia).]]
thumb|right|Antoni Mkuu wa Misri.
**Antoni abati** (Qumans, Misri, 251 hivi - Jangwa la Thebe, Misri, 17 Januari 357) ni mkaapweke anayehesabiwa na Kanisa kuwa baba wa umonaki, ingawa kihistoria si wa kwanza kushika mtindo huo wa maisha katika Ukristo, ila ndiye aliyewahi kupata wafuasi wengi sana.

Anaitwa "abati" (yaani "baba") tangu alipopokea wafuasi hao .

Anaheshimiwa tangu zamani sana kama mtakatifu. 

Sikukuu yake inaadhimishwa tarehe 17 Januari au 31 Januari kila mwaka.

## Vyanzo 
Maisha yake yalisimuliwa na Atanasi wa Aleksandria katika kitabu maarufu kilichochangia sana uenezi wa umonaki hadi Ulaya pia kwa kupitia tafsiri ya Kilatini *Vita Antonii*.

Maisha ya Antoni yanajulikana hasa kupitia kitabu hicho kilichotolewa mwaka 357 na kuenea haraka sana.

Katiba kitabu hicho vinatiwa mkazo vishawishi mbalimbali ambavyo vilimpata Antoni jangwani, na ambavyo alivishinda kwa kupokea shauri la wakaapweke waliomtangulia.

Antoni anafahamika pia kupitia kitabu *Vita Sanctii Pauli primi eremitae* kilichoandikwa na Jeromu mwaka 375 hivi. Humo anasimulia walivyokutana kwenye Tebais Antoni na mzee Paulo wa Tebe, maarufu kama "mkaapweke wa kwanza".

## Maisha
Antoni alizaliwa huko Qumans; wazazi wake walikuwa Wakristo wakulima wenye mashamba mengi. Kabla ya kufikia umri wa miaka 20 alifiwa na wote wawili, akapaswa kushughulikia mali ya urithi na dada mdogo.

Lakini mapema aliguswa na neno la Injili (Mt 19:21) ambalo Yesu alimhimiza kijana tajiri awagawie maskini mali zake zote akamfuate.

Kwa awamu mbili Antoni alitekeleza agizo hilo akamkabidhi dada yake kwa jumuia ya watawa wanawake, akaenda kuishi kwa sala na kazi, useja na ufukara jangwani, si mbali na kijiji chake.

Baadaye alikwenda kuishi mbali zaidi, kwanza katika pango lililochimbwa mwambani, halafu karibu na Bahari ya Shamu kwenye mlima Pispir, palipokuwa na ngome ya kale ya Warumi na chemchemi ya maji.

Kuanzia hapo (285) kwa miaka 20 aliishi huko, akila tu mkate alioletewa mara mbili kwa mwaka.

Maisha yake yote akazidi kumtafuta Mungu tu mahali pa upweke kamili zaidi pamoja na kubandukana na mambo yote moyoni. 

Kisha kukimbia ulimwengu na vishawishi vyake, alikabili ukosefu wake mwenyewe na shetani katika mapambano yaliyodai silaha za hakika, yaani imani, sala, mfungo na ishara ya msalaba. 

Mfano wake ulivuta wanaume na wanawake wengi toka sehemu mbalimbali aliowaongoza bila kuacha upweke wake, isipokuwa kwa kutetea imani sahihi na umoja wa Kanisa ilivyodaiwa na upendo. 

Ni kwamba taratibu wengi walipenda kumkaribia, na ndipo alipoanza kutenda miujiza mingi na kuongoza kiroho wamonaki kadhaa pande mbili za mto Naili.

Mwaka 311, wakati wa dhuluma ya Kaisari Dioklesyano, Antoni alirudi Aleksandria ili kutegemeza imani ya Wakristo.

Mwenyewe hakudhulumiwa, pia kwa sababu ya barua ya kumtetea ambayo rafiki yake Atanasi alimuandikia Kaisari Konstantino Mkuu.

Baada ya amani kurudi, ingawa Antoni aliendelea kuwasiliana na Atanasi na kumsaidia kupambana na uzushi wa Ario, aliishi katika jangwa la Tebais, alipofariki tarehe 17 Januari 357, akiwa na umri wa miaka zaidi ya mia.

## Picha mbalimbali

Image:Pisanello 014.jpg|Pisanello, *Bikira Maria kati ya watakatifu Antoni Abati na  Joji*, 1445 hivi, National Gallery ya London (Uingereza).
Image:Piero di Cosimo 023.jpg|Piero di Cosimo, Maonano pamoja na Mt. Nikola na Mt. Antoni abati, 1490 hivi, National Gallery of Art, Washington (Marekani).
Image:Sassetta 003.jpg|Sassetta, *Mt. Antoni abati na Mt. Paulo Mkaapweke*, 1440 hivi, National Gallery of Art, Washington.
Image:Diego Velázquez 010.jpg|Diego Velázquez, *Mt. Antoni abati na Mt. Paulo Mkaapweke*, 1635 hivi, Museo del Prado, Madrid (Hispania).
Image:Hieronymus Bosch 002.jpg|Hieronymus Bosch, *Vishawishi ya Mt. Antoni*, 1505 hivi, Museu Nacional de Arte Antigua. Lisboa (Ureno).
Image:Mathis Gothart Grünewald 015.jpg|Matthias Grünewald, *Vishawishi ya Mt. Antoni*, 1515-20, Musée d'Unterlinden, Colmar.
Image:David Teniers d. J. 007.jpg|David Tenier Kijana, *Vishawishi ya Mt. Antoni*, Museo del Prado, Madrid.
Image:La Tentation de saint Antoine, par Paul Cézanne, Musée d'Orsay.jpg|Paul Cézanne, *Vishawishi ya Mt. Antoni*, 1875 hivi, E. G. Bührle Collection (Uswisi).

## Maandishi yanayodhaniwa kuwa yake
* http://www.seanmultimedia.com/Pie_Antonyofthedesert_discourseondemons.html  "Hotuba juu ya Mashetani"
* http://www.seanmultimedia.com/Pie_Antonyofthedesert_Letters.html  "Barua kwa Theodoro"

## Tazama pia
*Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale
*Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo
*Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika
*Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko
*Mababu wa jangwani

## Tanbihi
## Vyanzo kwa Kiswahili
* Misemo ya Mababa wa Jangwani (Apophthegmata Patrum) – tafsiri ya W. Ngowi, O.F.M.Cap. – ed. Salvatorianum – Morogoro 2000 –ISBN 0-264-66350-0
* Masomo ya Breviari - Sikukuu za Bwana, za Bikira Maria na za Watakatifu - Ndanda Mission Press 1978, uk 19-22

## Marejeo ya Kiswahili
* John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk 22-23
* Pd. Leandry Kimario, O.F.M.Cap. - Mfahamu Mtakatifu Somo Wako - Maisha ya Watakatifu wa Kila Siku pamoja na Watakatifu Wafransisko - Toleo la pili - Dar es Salaam 2021, uk. 17-18
* Maurice Soseleje, Kalendari yetu – Maisha ya Watakatifu – Toleo la pili – ed. Benedictine Publications Ndanda Peramiho – Peramiho 1986 – ISBN 9976-63-112-X, uk. 12-13

## Marejeo ya lugha nyingine
* The Greek *Vita* of Athanasius. Ed. by G. J. M. Bartelink ('Vie d'Antoine'). Paris 2000. Sources Chrétiennes 400.
* The almost contemporary Latin translation: in Heribert Rosweyd, *Vitae Patrum* (Migne, *Patrologia Latina*. lxxiii.). New critical edition and study of this Latin translation: P.H.E. Bertrand, *Die Evagriusübersetzung der Vita Antonii: Rezeption - Überlieferung - Edition. Unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Vitas Patrum-Tradition*. Utrecht 2005 (dissertation) free available: http://igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/dissertations/2006-0221-200251/index.htm
* Accounts of St Anthony are given by Cardinal Newman ("Church of the Fathers" in *Historical Sketches*) and Alban Butler, *Lives of the Saints* (under Jan. 17).
* Burns, Paul, ed. ''Butler's Lives of the Saints: New Full Edition* Januari vol. Collegeville, MN:The Liturgical Press. ISBN 0-8146-2377-8.
* A Hagiographic Account of the life of St. Anthony from the Coptic Church 
* 
* E. C. Butler, (1898, 1904). Lausiac History of Palladius, Part I. pp.&nbsp;197, 215-228; Part II. pp. ix.-xii. (See Palladius of Galatia).
* P.H.E. Bertrand, *Die Evagriusübersetzung der Vita Antonii: Rezeption - Überlieferung - Edition. Unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Vitas Patrum-Tradition*. Utrecht 2005. [dissertation] [free available: http://igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/dissertations/2006-0221-200251/index.htm
* *Catholic Encyclopedia* 1908: "St. Anthony the Great"
* Coptic Monastery of St Anthony the Great website 
* Barnes, T.D. 1986. *Angel of Light or Mystic Initiate? The Problem of the *Life of Antony* in *Journal of Theological Studies* 37: 353-68.
* 
* Dragas George Dion 2005. *Saint Athanasius of Alexandria: Original Research and New Perspectives.* Rollinsford: Orthodox Research Institute.
* Endsjø, Dag Øistein 2008. *Primordial landscapes, incorruptible bodies. Desert asceticism and the Christian appropriation of Greek ideas on geography, bodies, and immortality.* New York: Peter Lang 2008.
* 
* Kelsey, Neal 1992. *The Body as Desert in The Life of St. Anthony* in *Semeia* 57: 131-51.
* Louth, Andrew  1988. “St. Athanasius and the Greek Life of Antony” in *Journal of Theological Studies* 39: 504-9.
* 
* Pettersen, Alvyn  1989. “Athanasius' Presentation of Antony of the Desert's Admiration for his Body” in *Studia Patristica* 21: 438-47.
* 
* Reitzenstein, Richard 1914. *Des Athanasius Werk über das Leben des Antonius: Ein philologischer Beitrag zur Geschichte des Mönchtums.* *Heidelberg: Heidelberger Akad. der Wissenschaften.
* Roldanus J. 1993. “Origène, Antoine et Athanase: Leur interconnexion dans la Vie et les Lettres” in *Studia Patristica* 26: 389-414.
* 
* 
* 
* Williams, Michael A. 1982. “The Life of Antony and the Domestication of Charismatic Wisdom” in *Journal of the American Academy of Religion Studies* 48: 23-45.
* 

## Viungo vya nje
* [Tafsiri(https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tafsiri) ya Kiingereza ya *Vita Antonii*, kazi ya Atanasi.]
* 
* Video of church historian Andrew Walls who tells the story of Anthony 
* Venerable and God-bearing Father Anthony the Great Orthodox icon and synaxarion
* Coptic *vita* of St. Anthony the Great
* St. Anthony Abbot page  at *Christian Iconography*
* "Of the Life of St. Anthony" in the Caxton translation of the *Golden Legend*
* http://www.aug.edu/augusta/iconography/goldenLegend/athanasiusAntony.htm  Athanasi wa Aleksandria, *Maisha ya Antoni*
Jamii:Waliozaliwa 251
Jamii:Waliofariki 357

Jamii:Wakaapweke
Jamii:Mababu wa jangwani