Zama za Dhahabu za Katuni za Marekani

thumbnail|right|200pax|Katuni ya Felix The Cat

**Zama za Dhahabu ya Katuni za Marekani** (kwa Kiingereza: **The Golden Age of U.S. Animation**) ni kipindi cha historia ya katuni za huko Marekani ambacho kilianza na majilio ya katuni za sauti mnamo 1928, ikiwa na kilele cha upili baina nusu ya miaka ya 1930 na nusu ya kwanza ya miaka ya 1940, na kiliendelea hadi mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1960 wakati tamthilia za katuni fupi zimeanza kupoteza umaarufu kutokana na utaratibu mpya wa katuni za televisheni.  

Wahusika wengi sana wa katuni wa kukumbukwa waliungana katika kipindi hiki. Wahusika hao ni pamoja na Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig, Popeye, Betty Boop, Woody Woodpecker, Chilly Willy, Mighty Mouse, Heckle and Jeckle, Mr. Magoo, Tom and Jerry, na igizo maarufu la Superman. Vipengele vya urefu wa katuni pia vilianza katika kipindi hiki, zilizojulikana zaidi ni zile filamu za kwanza za Walt Disney: *Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs*, *Pinocchio*, *Fantasia*, *Dumbo* na *Bambi*.

## Miaka ya awali
"Katuni ya kwanza ilitengenezwa huko Britania na Arthur Melvin Cooper mnamo 1899, amewafunga pamoja na kuanza kuwatembeza taratibu katika kila fremu."  Soko la filamu lilikuja kupinduliwa na uanzishaji wa wa filamu za sauti, na ndani ya miaka miwili uvumbuzi huo ukaenea katika sekta ya filamu za katuni.  Ingawa katuni ya kwanza kutumia maujanja ya sauti ilikuwa ile ya Max Fleischer, *My Old Kentucky Home*, mnamo 1926, *Steamboat Willie* ya Walt Disney (1928), mwonekano wa tatu wa Mickey Mouse, ulikuwa maarufu sana na ulipata mafanikio. Huhesabiwa kama iliyopata fedha nyingi kupindukia, *Steamboat Willie* ilipata mafanikio mazuri sana katika box-office, ilipendwa na wengi na kutoa cheche za umaarufu wa Disney.

## Orodha ya kazi za Zama za Dhahabu za Katuni za Marekani
### Walt Disney Productions
* *Steamboat Willie* (1928), Walt Disney
* *Plane Crazy* (1928), Walt Disney
* *The Skeleton Dance* (1929), Walt Disney
* *Flowers and Trees* (1932), Walt Disney
* ''Mickey's Revue*  (1932), Walt Disney
* *The Whoopee Party* (1932), Walt Disney
* *Three Little Pigs,* (1933), Walt Disney
* *Orphan's Benefit* (1934), Walt Disney
* *The Wise Little Hen* (1934), Walt Disney
* *The Goddess of Spring* (1934), Walt Disney
* *The Band Concert* (1935), Wilfred Jackson
* *Mickey's Service Station* (1935), Ben Sharpsteen
* *The Old Mill* (1937), Walt Disney
* *Don Donald* (1937), Walt Disney
* *Clock Cleaners* (1937), Ben Sharpsteen
* *Lonesome Ghosts* (1937), Ben Sharpsteen
* *Brave Little Tailor* (1938), Bill Roberts
* *Donald's Better Self* (1938), Jack King
* *Mickey's Trailer* (1938), Ben Sharpsteen
* *The Pointer* (1939), Ub Iwerks
* *Mr. Duck Steps Out* (1940), Jack King
* *Der Fuehrer's Face* (1942), Jack Kinney
* *Education for Death* (1943), Clyde Geronomi
* *Hockey Homicide* (1945), Jack Kinney
* *Motor Mania* (1950), Jack Kinney
**Toot, Whistle, Plunk and Boom* (1953), C. August Nichols and Ward Kimball

### Warner Bros.
* *Sinkin' in the Bathtub* (1930), Hugh Harman and Rudolf Ising
* *Gold Diggers of '49* (1935), Tex Avery
* *Porky's Duck Hunt* (1937), Tex Avery
* *Porky in Wackyland* (1938), Bob Clampett
* *You Ought to Be in Pictures* (1940), Friz Freleng
* *A Wild Hare* (1940), Tex Avery
* *The Dover Boys* (1942), Chuck Jones
* *The Ducktators* (1942), Norm McCabe
* *The Bashful Buzzard* (1945), Bob Clampett
* *Hare Trigger* (1945), Friz Freleng
* *Walky Talky Hawky* (1946), Robert McKimson
* *Book Revue* (1946), Bob Clampett
* *Daffy Doodles* (1946), Robert McKimson
* *Tweetie Pie* (1947), Friz Freleng
* *Crowing Pains* (1947), Robert McKimson
* *The Foghorn Leghorn* (1948), Robert McKimson
* *Buccaneer Bunny* (1948), Friz Freleng
* *Fast and Furry-ous* (1949), Chuck Jones
* *Rabbit of Seville* (1950), Chuck Jones
* *Bunker Hill Bunny* (1950), Friz Freleng
* *Rabbit Fire* (1951), Chuck Jones
* *14 Carrot Rabbit* (1951), Friz Freleng
* *Duck Dodgers in the 24½th Century* (1953), Chuck Jones
* *Cat-Tails For Two* (1953), Robert McKimson
* *Duck Amuck* (1953), Chuck Jones
* *Devil Mei Hare* (1954), Robert McKimson
* *Speedy Gonzales* (1955), Friz Freleng
* *One Froggy Evening* (1955), Chuck Jones
* *Birds Anonymous* (1957), Friz Freleng
* *Bedeviled Rabbit* (1957), Robert McKimson
* *What's Opera, Doc?* (1957), Chuck Jones
* *Knighty Knight Bugs* (1958), Friz Freleng

### Fleischer Studios/Famous Studios
* *Swing You Sinners!*  (1930), Dave Fleischer
* *Bimbo's Initiation*  (1931), Dave Fleischer
* *Minnie the Moocher* (1932), Dave Fleischer
* *Snow White*  (1933), Dave Fleischer
* *Poor Cinderella* (1934), Dave Fleischer
* *A Dream Walking* (1934), Dave Fleischer
* *Somewhere in Dreamland* (1936), Dave Fleischer
* *Popeye the Sailor Meets Sinbad the Sailor* (1936), Dave Fleischer
* *Goonland* (1938), Dave Fleischer
* *Superman* (1941), Dave Fleischer
* *Me Musical Nephews* (1942), Seymour Kneitel, Famous Studios

### MGM
* *Peace on Earth* (1939), Hugh Harman
* *Puss Gets the Boot* (1940), William Hanna na Joseph Barbera
* *The Midnight Snack* (1941), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
* *The Night Before Christmas* (1941), William Hanna na Joseph Barbera
* *The Yankee Doodle Mouse* (1943), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
* *Dumb-Hounded* (1943), Tex Avery
* *Red Hot Riding Hood* (1943), Tex Avery
* *Mouse Trouble* (1944), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
* *Quiet Please!* (1945), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
* *Solid Serenade* (1946), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
* *The Cat Concerto* (1947), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
* *Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Mouse* (1947), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
* *King-Size Canary* (1947), Tex Avery
* *The Little Orphan* (1948), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
* *The Two Mouseketeers* (1951), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
* *Johann Mouse* (1953), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera

### Walter Lantz Productions
* *Race Riot,* (1929), Walter Lantz
* *Confidence,* (1933), Bill Nolan
* *Knock Knock* (1940), Walter Lantz
* *The Barber of Seville* (1944), James Culhane
* *Apple Andy* (1946), Dick Lundy
* *Musical Moments from Chopin* (1947), Dick Lundy
* *Crazy Mixed-Up Pup* (1955), Tex Avery
* *The Legend of Rockabye Point* (1955), Tex Avery

### Terrytoons
* *River of Doubt* (1927), Paul Terry
* *Dinner Time* (1928), Paul Terry and John Foster
* *Dinky Duck* (1938), Paul Terry
* *The Mouse of Tomorrow* (1942), Eddie Donnelly
* *My Boy, Johnny* (1943), Paul Terry
* *Mighty Mouse in Gypsy Life* (1945), Eddie Donnelly
* *The Talking Magpies* (1946), Mannie Davis
* *Fleibus* (1956), Gene Deitch
* *Tom Terrific* (1957), Gene Deitch
* *Sidney's Family Tree* (1958), Gene Deitch

### Charles Mintz/Screen Gems (Columbia)
* *Ratskin* (1929), Ben Harrison and Manny Gould
* *Farm Relief* (1929), Ben Harrison, Manny Gould and Friz Freleng
* *Lambs Will Gambol* (1930), Ben Harrison and Manny Gould
* *Yelp Wanted* (1931), Dick Huemer
* *The Little Match Girl* (1937), Sid Marcus and Art Davis
* *The Fox and the Grapes* (1941), Frank Tashlin
* *Song of Victory* (1942), Bob Wickersham
* *Professor Small and Mister Tall* (1943), John Hubley and Paul Sommers
* *Flora* (1948), Alex Lovy

### UPA
* *Hell-Bent for Election* (1944), Chuck Jones
* *Brotherhood of Man* (1946), Bobe Cannon
* *Ragtime Bear* (1949), John Hubley
* *Gerald McBoing Boing* (1951), Bobe Cannon
* *Rooty Toot Toot* (1952), John Hubley
* *The Tell-Tale Heart* (1953), Art Babbitt and Ted Parmelee
* *When Magoo Flew* (1955), Pete Burness

### Wengineo
* *Fiddlesticks* (1930), Ub Iwerks
* *Room Runners* (1932), Ub Iwerks
* *The Goose That Laid the Golden Egg* (1936), Burt Gillett
* *The Pink Phink* (1964), Friz Freleng, DePatie-Freleng Enterprises

## Tanbihi
## Marejeo
* Barrier, Michael (1999): *Hollywood Cartoons*. Oxford University Press.
* Maltin, Leonard (1987): *Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated Cartoons*. Penguin Books.
* Solomon, Charles (1994): *The History of Animation: Enchanted Drawings''. Outlet Books Company.

## Viungo vya nje
* The Classic Cartoons - An Online Collection of Golden Cartoons 
* GoldenAgeCartoons.com 
* Cartoon Research

Jamii:Historia ya katuni
Jamii:Filamu za Marekani