Werner Heisenberg

**Werner Karl Heisenberg** (; ; 5 Désémber 1901 – 1 Pébruari 1976) nyaéta fisikawan téorétis Jérman jeung salah saurang pionir konci mékanika kuantum. Anjeunna medalkeun panalungtikna taun 1925 dina makalah terobosan. Dina runtuyan makalah sanggeusna jeung Max Born sarta Pascual Jordan, sapanjang taun nu sarua, formulasi matriks mékanika kuantum ieu diguar sacara *substansial*. Anjeunna dipikawanoh ku prinsip kateupastian Heisenberg, nu dipedalkeun taun 1927. Heisenberg dibéré anugrah Hadiah Nobel widang Fisika 1932 "pikeun jasana nyiptakeun mékanika kuantum".

Anjeunna ogé ngabuat kontribusi penting kana téori hidrodinamika arus turbulen, inti atom, feromagnétisme, sinar kosmis, jeung partikel subatom, sarta anjeunna miboga peran penting dina ngarencanakeun réaktor nuklir Jérman Kulon kahiji di Karlsruhe, bareng jeung réaktor panalungtik di Munich, dina taun 1957. Anjeunna jadi élmuwan pupuhu di proyék pakarang nuklir Nazi Jérman salila mangsa Perang Dunya II. Anjeunna indit ka Copenhagen nu dijajah Jérman, tempat anjeunna tepang jeung ngadiskusikeun proyék Jérman sareng Niels Bohr.

Saanggeus Perang Dunya II, anjeunna ditunjuk jadi diréktur Institut Kaiser Wilhelm Institute pikeun Fisika, nu engkéna digentos ngaranna jadi Institut Max Planck Institute pikeun Fisika. Anjeunna jadi diréktur di ieu institut nepi ka pindah ka Munich taun 1958, pas ieu institut dikembangkeun jeung digentos ngaranna Institut Max Planck pikeun Fisika jeung Astrofisika.

Heisenberg ogé jadi présidén Déwan Panalungtikan Jérman, pupuhu Komisi Fisika Atom, pupuhu Nucléar Physics Working Group, jeung présidén Yayasan Alexander von Humboldt.

## Tingali ogé 
* Daftar pamanggih jeung invéntor Jérman
* *The Physical Principles of the Quantum Theory*

## Rujukan 
## Bacaan lanjutan 
* Born, Max *The statistical interpretation of quantum mechanics*. Kuliah Nobel – 11 Désémber 1954.
* Cassidy, David C. *Werner Heisenberg : A Bibliography of His Writings, Second, Expanded Edition* (Whittier, 2001)
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* Dörries, Matthias ''Michael Frayn's 'Copenhagen' in Debate: Historical Essays and Documents on the 1941 Meeting Between Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg* (Univérsitas California, 2005)
* Fischer, Ernst P. *Werner Heisenberg: Das selbstvergessene Genie'' (Piper, 2002)
* Heisenberg, Werner "A Scientist's case for the Classics" (Harper's Magazine, Méi 1958, p. 25–29)
* Heisenberg, Werner *Across the Frontiers* (Harper & Row, 1974)
* Kleint, Christian and Gerald Wiemer *Werner Heisenberg im Spiegel seiner Leipziger Schüler und Kollegen* (Leipziger Universitätsverlag, 2005)
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* Papenfuß, Dietrich, Dieter Lüst, and Wolfgang P. Schleich *100 Years Werner Heisenberg: Works and Impact* (Wiley-VCH, 2002)
* Powers, Thomas, "The Private Heisenberg and the Absent Bomb" (ulasan Werner jeung Elisabeth Heisenberg, *My Dear Li: Correspondence, 1937–1946*, diédit ku Anna Maria Hirsch-Heisenberg jeung ditarjamahkeun ti basa Jérman ku Irene Heisenberg, Yale University Press, 312 pp.), *The New York Review of Books*, vol. LXIII, no. 20 (22 Désémber 2016, pp. 65–67. "Heisenberg, Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, and... Karl Wirtz [during World War II led] an effort [to prevent] a complete shutdown [of work toward a German atom bomb], which would condemn young physicists to military service... or takeover by Nazi extremists who might think an atomic bomb could still give Hitler a complete victory." (p. 66.) Desiring on ethical grounds to prevent the introduction of nucléar wéapons into the world, the key German nucléar physicists "'agreed... not to deny [the feasibility of] an atomic bomb, but... to [argue] that it could not be implemented within a realistic time frame...'" (p. 67.)
* Rechenberg, Helmut und Gerald Wiemers *Werner Heisenberg (1901–1976), Schritte in die neue Physik* (Sax-Verlag Beucha, 2001)
* Rhodes, Richard *The Making of the Atomic Bomb* (Simon jeung Schuster, 1986)
* Schiemann, Gregor *Werner Heisenberg* (C.H. Beck, 2008)
* von Weizsäcker, Carl Friedrich and Bartel Leendert van der Waerden *Werner Heisenberg* (Hanser, Carl GmbH, 1977)
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## Tutumbu luar 
* Bibliografi Catatan pikeun Werner Heisenberg  ti Perpustakaan Digital Alsos pikeun Isu Nuklir
* Biografi *MacTutor: Werner Karl Heisenberg*
* Heisenberg/Uncertainty  biografi nu ditingalikeun ku Institut Fisika Amérika Serikat.
* Participant Konci: Werner Heisenberg  – *Linus Pauling and the Nature of the Chemical Bond: A Documentary History*
* Biografi Nobelprize.org
* Werner Heisenberg: Mentor Fisika Atom
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