Boloetse ba kokwanahloko ya Ebola

**Kokwanahloko ya boloetse ba Ebola** (**EVD**) kapa  **Feberu ya phallo ya madi ya Ebola** (**EHF**) ke boloetse ba batho bo bokwang ke kokwanahloko ya Ebola. Matshwao hantlentle a qala matsatsi a mabedi ho  isa ho a mararo ka mora ho tshwaetswa ke kokwanahloko, feberu, mmetso o bohloko, mesifa e opang, le hlooho e opang. Hantlentle ho nyekelwa ke pelo, ho hlatsa, le  letshollo di a latela ho tsamaisanang le phoketseho ya ho sebetsa ha sebete le diphio. Mothating ona, batho ba itseng ba qalella ho ba le matha a ho tswa madi .

### Sebaka kapa kgohlano
Kokwanahloko e fumanwa ka ho ama madi kapa ma lero la mmele a phoofolo e tshwaeditsweng (haholoholo ditshwene kapa bommankgane ba difateng). Ho hasanngwa ke moya ha ho so ka ho ngolwa ka hona tikolohong e tlwaelehileng. Ho kgolwa hore bommankgane ba difateng ba fetisa le ho hasanya kokwanahloko ntle le hore bona ba amehe ke yona. Hang ha tshwaetso bathong e ba teng, bohloko bo ka nama mahareng a batho jwalo. Banna ba phonyohileng boloetseng bona ba kgona ho bo fetistsa  ka peo a bonna nakong e ka etsang dikgwedi tse pedi. Hantlentle, ele hore ho hlahlobiswe maloetse a mang a nang le matshwao a jwaloka  malaria, kholera le dikokwanahloko tsa feberu ya  phallo ya madi tse ding di qhelelwa ka thoko sethatong.   Ho netefatsa tlhahlobo ya disampole tsa madi di entswe diteko tsa kokwanahloko dibolaya dikokwanahloko, dikokwanahloko RNA, kapa kokwanahloko ka boyona.

### Thibelo
Thibelo e kenyeleditse ho fokotsa ho hasanngwa ha boloetse ho tswa ditshweneng le dikolobeng tse tshwaeditsweng ho ya bathong. Hona ho ka etswa ka ho hlahloba  tshwaetso diphoofolo tse jwalo ka ho di bolaya le ho lahla ditopo tsa tsona ka tsela e nepahetseng haeba ho fumanwa di na le boloetse. Ho pheha nama ka ho phethahala le ho apara diaporo tse sireletsang ha ho sebetswanwa le nama ho ka ba le thuso, kaha ho apara diaparo tse sireletssang  le ho hlapa matsoho ha re le hara batho ba nang le boloetse. Disampole tsa maro le dikarolo tse tswang bathong ba nang le boloetse di tshwanala ho tshwarwa ka tlhokomelo e ikgethileng.

### Kalafo
Ha ho kalafo e ikgethang bakeng sa boloetse; mawala a ho thusa batho ba tshwaeditsweng a kenyeletsa  ho fana ka kalafo ya ho ba nwesa  metsi ka lehano (metsi a tswekerenyana le letswainyana bakeng sa hore ba nwe) kapa ho kenya maro ka methapo ya madi. Boloetse bo na le sekgahla se hodimo: hangata bo boloya mahareng a 50% le 90% a ba nang le kokwanahloko. EVD e ile ya hlokomelwa Sudan le Demoratic Republic of Congo. Boloetse bona hantlentle bo ropoha mabatoweng a diteropiki tsa Afrika e Borwa ho Sahara. Ho tloha ka 1976 ( ha bo ne bo bonwa  lekgetlo la pele) ho fihla ka 2013, batho ba ka tlasenyana ho 1,000 ka selemo ba bile le tshwaetso. Ho ropoha ho hoholohadi ho fihlela jwale ho tswelang pele  ke ho ropoha ha Ebola Afrika Bophirima ka 2014, ho amang Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia le ho kannang ha etsahala Nigeria. Ho tloha ka Phato 2014 ditlaleho tse fetang 1600 di se di ile tsa etswa. Mawala a ntse a tswelang pele a ho hlahisa ente; leha ho le jwalo, ha ho so be le a atlehang.

## Ditshupu

; Bibiliokrafi

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## mahokela a kantle

* ViralZone: Ebola-like viruses – Virological repository from the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
* CDC: Ebola hemorrhagic fever – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Special Pathogens Branch
* WHO: Ebola haemorrhagic fever – World Health Organization, Global Alert and Response
* Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Filoviridae
* 3D macromolecular structures of the Ebola virus archived in the EM Data Bank (EMDB)
* Google Map of Ebola Outbreaks
* WHO recommended infection control measures