Umhlanga (umkhosi)

**Umkhosi** wemhlanga ngumkhosi wemaswati, uba khona kanye ngemnyaka nakuyophela inyanga Yengci nobe nakucala inyanga yeNyoni. Emashumi etinkhulungwane temantfombatana kanye nebafati labangakashadi futsi labangenabantfwana basuka etindzaweni letehlukene baye esigodlweni eLudzidzini kute bahlanganyele kulomcimbi wemalanga lasishiya galombili. Emantfombatana lamancane, langakashadi afakwa emabutfweni ebantfu labasikati labontsanga yabo; emantfombatane lakhulelwe  angakashadi imindeni yakubo ihlawuliswa inkhomo.

#### Umlandvo
Umhlanga wasungulwa ngemnyaka wa 1940 Eswatini ngaphansi kwekubusa kwenkhosi Sobhuza II, futsi wasuselwa emkhosini lomdzala wemcwasho. Umkhosi wemhlanga uyachubeka wentiwa nalamuhla Eswatini. ENingizimu Afrika, umkhosi wemhlanga wacalwa nga-1991 ucalwa ngu-Goodwill Zwelithini, lobekayiNkhosi yakaZulu. Lomgidvo eNingizimu Afrika ugidzelwa kaNongoma, *esibayeni senkhosi* yemaZulu.

#### ENingizimu Afrika

ENingizimu Afrika, lomkhosi watiwa ngekutsi Ngumkhosi woMhlanga, futsi wentiwa njalo ngemnyaka ngenyanga yeNyoni eSigodlweni saseNyokeni kaNongoma Enyokeni, KaZulu-Natal. Emantfombatane aphuma kuto tonkhe tincenye takaZulu, futsi eminyakeni lembalwa leyendlulile kukhona emacembu lamancane lasuka Eswatini, kanye netindzawo letikhashane letifana neBotswana nePondoland.

Onkhe emantfombatana ahlowa butfombi ngaphambi kwekutsi avunyelwe kutsi angenele lomgidvo wasebukhosini.  

Ukuhlolwa kwangempela kwenziwa ekamelweni elingasese kusetshenziswa izandla ezingenalutho, lapho intombazane ehlolwayo ilele ngomhlane ivule imilenze, ukuze umhloli akwazi ukulunguza ngaphakathi esithweni sangasese ukuze abone ukuthi i-hymen yakhe iphelele yini. Uma kunjalo, unikezwa isitifiketi sobuntombi.

Eminyakeni yakamuva lenchubo yekuhlola butfobhi ihlangabetane nekuphikiswa lokutsite.

Emantfombatana avunula imvunulo yesintfu, lefaka ekhatsi lokwakhiwe ngebuhlalu, izigege, izinculuba *kanye ne-imintsha* lekhombisa imikhono yawo. Aphindze agcoke emacakala, emasongo, imigexo, kanye nemabhande lanemibala lemihle. Libhande ngalinye linemibala leyehlukene, lokukhombisa kutsi lentfombatana yatsembiswa yini nobe cha.

Njengencenye yalomkhosi, letintfombi tigidzela inkhosi yato ticimbile, futsi intfombi ngayinye iphatsa umhlanga lomudze, lojikwako njengobe kusondzelwa ngasenkhosini. Emantfombatane ayanakisisa nakakhetsa umhlanga, akhetsa umhlanga lomudze nalocinile, abese ayawuphatsa uphakame wendlule tinhloko tawo abe ahamba kancane akhuphukela entsabeni esigodlweni Enyokeni. Loluhambo luholwa yinkhosatana lenkhulu yemaZulu, leba ngusogcamile kuwo wonkhe lomkhosi. Nangabe lomhlanga uphuka ngaphambi kwekutsi kufikwe lawujikwa khona, loko kutsatfwa njengeluphawu lwekutsi lentfombatana seyikile yalala.

Lomkhosi waphindze wacalwa yiNkhosi Goodwill Zwelethini nga-1991, njengendlela yekukhutsata emantfombatana lamancane emaZulu kutsi angasheshi alale angakatsatfwa, ngesikhatsi lesifanako kunciphiswe ematfuba ekwandzisa ligciwane lembulalave. Ngemnyaka wa-2007, emantfombatana lacishe abe ngu-30 000 ahlanganyela kulomkhosi. Bahleli balomcimbi ngalesinye sikhatsi bashaye imitsetfo lecinile kubatsebuli betitfombe, njengoba labanye babo basolwa ngekushicilela titfombe talomkhosi emakhasini angcondvomshina lakhombisa titfombe letikhombisa kungcola. 

Eminyakeni leyendlulile, Mengameli wase Ningizimu Afrika, Jacob Zuma bekaya kulomkhosi(yena angumZulu), kanye naZweli Mkhize, lobekanguNdvunankhulu wakaZulu-Natal.

#### Eswatini

Eswatini, emantfombatane acala lomkhosi ngekuhlangana lakuhlala khona iNdlovuzazi, esigodlweni eLudzidzini. Ngemuva kwekufika esigodlweni, ngebusuku lobulandzelako lamantfombatane abese aya etindzaweni letihluhlukane letidvutane ayogeca umhlanga lomudze. Ngebusuku lobulandzelako nasekagece lomhlanga abese awubuyela emuva eNdlovukazini kute usentjentiswe kuvusetela liguma leligegetela sigodlo.

Ngemuva kwelilanga lekuphumula nekugeza, letintfombi tilungisa imvunulo yato lehlanganisa, ligcebesha, emacakala lancibilikile lentiwe ngemakhukhunathi, umgaco, kanye nendlamu. Labanyenti babo baphatsa bocelemba lebebasebentisa nabageca umhlanga, loku kuluphawu lwebutfobhi babo.

Letintfombi tiyahlabela, tigidze embikwemndemi wasebukhosini kanye nesicumbi sebantfu labahloniphekile, tibukeli, kanye netivakashi. Ngemuva kwakugiya, emabutfo etintfombi lavela etigodzini letikhetsiwe eta emkhatsini wenkhundla kute agidzele sicumbi sebantfu lababukele. Emakhosatane ahlanganyela kulomkhosi agidze futsi wona abonakala ngetinsiba teligwalalagwala  labalifaka enhloko.

Ngesikhatsi salomkhosi, inkhosi, isitwa ngumake wayo kanye nadzadzewayo lomdzala, ikhetsa emantfombatana langu-365. Incenye lenkhulu yemantfombatana langu-365 itawuhlala esigodlweni lesisemkhatsini weMbabane. Kulaba labangu-365, inkhosi ingakhetsa umfati lomusha, kodvwa loku akwenteki njalo ngemnyaka.

Luhlobo lwamanje lwemkhosi wemhlanga lwasungulwa ngemnyaka wa-1940 lususelwa elisikweni lwemcwasho, lapho khona emantfombatana lasemancane abekwa emibutsanweni yeminyaka kute kucinisekiswe kutsi atintfombi ntfo. Uma sebafike eminyakeni yekutstfwa, bebenta umsebenti iNdlovukazi bese bayagidza futsi badle. Inhloso leyinhloko yalomcimbi wemnyaka kugcina bumsulwa bentfombi, kanye nekwakha bunye kubantfu labasikati ngekusebenta ndzawonye.

#### Imphikiswano Yebungcunu
Emavidiyo ekugidza ngemhlanga ake abekelwa imincela ka-YouTube ngekutsi angabukelwa bantfu bebudzala lobutsite, loku kwabatfukutselisa labo lebebawafakile. Loku kufaka ekhatsi Lazi Dlamini, inhloko ye-TV Yabantu, inkampani yekukhicita emavidiyo ku-inthanethi lehlose kukhicita tintfo letivikelako, tilondvolote futsi tibuyisele timiso taseAfrika. Kusebenta nemacembu emasiko langetulu kwa-200 kulo lonkhe lelive kanye nasedolobheni lase-Eswatini, Dlamini wahlela luhlelo lwekubhikisha lwekumelana ne-Google kute abaphocelele kutsi bacabange kabusha ngesimo sabo. I-YouTube yacolisa, futsi yavumela kubukiswa kwemavidiyo emasiko ase-Afrika. Ngekusho kwemmeleli walenkampani, basusa lomncele, njengoba kungasiyo imitsetfo ya-Google "yekucindzetela kungcunu etimeni lapho kufaneleka khona ngekwemasiko nobe ngekwesintfu".

Yize i-Google ivumele amavidiyo anjalo ukuthi abe senkundleni yayo, amaningi awo asakhawulelwe ubudala ku-YouTube.

#### '''Emalungiselelo'''
Kubukwa simo senyeti, kute kutobukwa lilanga lotocala ngalo lomkhosi. Lomkhosi ubakhona naseyigcwele inyeti. Kuhlolwa tidzidzi temhlanga, kubukwe kutsi lomhlanga unganani nekutsi ukulungele yini kugecwa. Emalungiselelo afaka ekhatsi, kubuka tindzawo letitolala kito letintfombi, kulungisa kudla lokutodliwa nguletintfombi, kulungisa kwekuhamba lokutotfwala letintfombi kusukela emiphakatsini yato tiye esigodlweni. Emalungiselelo lentiwa emphakatsini afaka ekhatsi kukhetsa tindvuna letine letitohola letintfombi. Nakuvela simo lesiphutfumako, tindvuna letimbili titfunyelwa emuva ekhaya tiyobika ngesimo lesesivelile. Kusenesikhatsi tintfombi tiyacala tilungiselele tingoma letitawuhlatjelwa tiphindze tigidze. Ekhaya intfombatane ihlanganisa yonkhe imvunulo letayidzinga kute iwulungele kahle lomkhosi.

#### '''Tingucuko talamuhla'''
Kadzeni tintfombi betivame kulala ngaphandle endzaweni levulekile, kani lamuhla tilala emathendeni. Lamuhla tiphindze titfwalwe ngemaloli esikhundleni sekuhamba emabanga lamadze titfwele umhlanga. Kusetjentiswa imibhobho ekucaliseni tingoma kanye nekumemetela kutsi nguyiphi ingoma letawuhlatjelwa. Tintfombi setimenyetwa emsakatweni, emaphephandzabeni, kubomabonakudze kani kadzeni bekutfunyelwa emajaha ahambe live lonkhe lakangwane netigodzi amemetela.

## Imibhalo lebhalwe phansi


## Ema-link langaphandle

* Media related to Umhlanga (ceremony) at Wikimedia Commons
* Umshado wase-Afrika (incenye ye-Umhlanga)
* Video of 2009 Reed Dance – John H. Bradley on YouTube