open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
I-Onchocerciasis

i-Onchocerciasis, **lebuye yatiwe njenge**kungaboni ngekwemfula** kanye** nesifo se-Roble**, sifo lesibangelwa kungena kweligciwane **lelivela kumanyokane lanetifo *[[ i-Onchocerca volvulus ]]* Timphawu tifaka ekhatsi kunwayiswa njalo, emagubudla ngaphansi kwesikhumba, kanye nekungaboni. Imbangela yesibili lejwayelekile yekungaboni ngenca yekusuleleka ngalesifo, ngemuva kwe-trachoma.

Lamanyokane latfwele lesifo abhebhetsekiswa kulunywa yimphungane lemnyamayeluhlobo lweSimulium. Kulunywa lokunyenti kwenteka ngembi kwekutsi kungene lesifo. Letimphungane tihlala dvutane nemfula, kungako lesifo sibitwa njalo.  Uma ngabe sesimngenile umuntfu, lamanyokane akha i-larvae lekabese aphuma esikhunjeni.  Lapho angachubeka asulele lenye imphungane lemnyama ngalesifo bese sindluliselwa kulomunye umuntfu ngekumluma.  Kunetindlela letinyenti tekutfola ngalesifo kufaka ekhatsi: kwenta i-biopsy yesikhumba ku-saline leyetayelekile bese kubukelwa le-larva iphuma, bakubuka emehlweni kute babone i-larvae, nekubuka kulamagubudla lasesikhunjeni kutsi akhona manyokane lamakhulu. 

Umutsi wekulapha lesifo awukho. Kutivikela kubita kutsi uvikele kutsi ulunywe timphungane.  Loku kungafaka ekhatsi kusebentisa kwekugcobisa lokubulala timphungane kanye nekugcoka timphahla letikahle.  Leminye imitamo ifaka ekhatsi leyo yekwehlisa linani laletimphungane ngekufutsa umutsi wekubulala tinambutane. Imitamo yekucedza lesifo kutsi kulashwe onkhe emacembu ebantfu kabili ngemnyaka kuyachubeka kuletinye tindzawo letibaliwe kulamanye emave. Kulashwa kwalabo lesebasuleleke ngalesifo kutsi kusetjentiswe umutsi i-vermectin njalo ngemuva kwetinyanga letisitfupha noma letilishumi nakubili.  Lomutsi wekulapha ubulala le-larva kodvwa hhayi lamanyokane lamakhulu. Lomutsi i-doxycycline, lehambisana nebhakthira lebitwa *[[nge-Wolbachia]]*, leyenta emanyokane angabi namandla kantsi inconywa nangulabanye futsi.  Kukhishwa kwemagubudla ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngekuhlindvwa nako kungentiwa. 

Bantfu labalinganiselwa kutigidzi leti-17 kuya ku-25 banesifo sekungaboni kwemfula, kantsi labalinganiselwa ku-0.8 bona abasaboni.  Tifo letinyenti tiba khona e-sub-Saharan Afrika, nanoma nje lokunye kugula kubikiwe endzaweni yase Yemen naletinye tindzawo letise <u>N</u>khabenikanye naseNingizimu ne Amerika. Nga 1915, dokotela Rodolfo Robles nguye lowatsi lamanyokane ahambisana nesifo semehlo. Ibhaliwe eluhleni leNhlangano Yetemphilo Mhlabawonkhenjengesifo sasetindzaweni letishisako lesinganakwa.
## Emareferensi
Bulephelo

**Bulephelo**, lesiphindze satiwe nge**sifo se-Hansens**(**HD**, sifo lesikugula sikhatsi lesidzele kugulwa kwakhona kubangelwa ligciwane*[[i-Mycobacterium leprae ]]*ne*[[Mycobacterium lepromatosis]]*.  Ekucaleni, lokusuleleka ngalesifo bekungenatimphawu kantsi kuchubekile kwahlala kunjalo kusukela eminyakeni lesi-5 kuya kule-20.  Timphawu letiba khona tifaka ekhatsi i-granulomayemiva, sikhala sekuphefumula, sikhumba nemehlo.  Loku kungabangela kutsi ungaseva buhlungu kanye nekulahlekelwa tincenye temingcele ngenca yekulimala lokuphindziwe noma kusuleleka ngesifo ngenca yetilondza lebetinganakwa.  Kungabi nemandla nekungakhoni kahle nako kungaba khona.

Bulephelo bubhebhetseka busuka kulomunye umuntfu buye kulomunye. Kukholelwa ekutseni bundlulela kulomunye ngekukhwehlela noma kutsintsa lokusamanti lokuphuma emphumulweni yemuntfu lonalesifo.  Bulephelo buvame kuba khona ikakhulukati kulabo labahluphekako kantsi kukholelwa kutsi bundluliselwa ngekuphefumula.  Lokuhlukile kulombono lekukholelwa kuwo,  kutsi asitsatselani. Tinhlobo letimbili letibalulekile tetifo ticondziswe kulenombolo yemagciwane lakhona: paucibacillary ne multibacillary. Letinhlobo letimbili tihlukaniswa ngenombolo yekungabi nembala lokahle, kuba nensindze esikhunjeni, ne paucibacillary ibe sihlanu noma lembalwa ne multibacillary lenaletindlula kusihlanu Lokuhlolwa kwalesifo kucinisekiswa ngekutfolakala kwe-esidi lebitwa nge bacillileyentiwa nge-biopsy yesikhumba noma ngekubuka I-DNA kusetjentiswa i-polymerase leluchungechunge

Bulephelo buyalapheka ngemutsi lobitwa ngekutsi yi-Multidrug therapy (MDT).  i- Kulashwa kwebulephelo i-multibacillary kwentiwa ngemitsi I-rifampicin , dapsone, neclofaziminetinyanga leti-12. Lokulashwa kuniketwa mahhala hha yiNhlangano Yetemphilo Velonkhe. Lamanye ema-antibiotics angasetjentiswa. Mhlabawonkhe nga 2012, inombolo yekugulwa bulephelo sikhatsi lesidze yehla yaba ngu 189,000 kuya phansi isuka ku 5.2 wetigidzi ngemnyaka wangabo 1980. Inombolo yekugula lokusha bekungu 230,000. Kugula lokusha kwavela kumave la-16, lapho i-india ngiyo lebeyinebantfu labanyenti lababalelwa kuhhafu.  Kuleminyaka lenge-20 lendlulile, tigidzi leti-16 tebantfu mhlabawonkhe balashelwe bulephelo. Bantfu labalinganiselwa ku-200 babikwa njalo ngemnyaka e-United States. 

Bulephelo butsintse bantfu iminyaka letinkhulungwane.  Lesifo sitsatsa ligama laso kuligama lesiLathini lelitsi *lepra*, lokusho kutsi “kuhlubeka”, ngalesikhatsi leligama “sifo se-Hansen” laniketwa ngemuva kwalodokotela lobitwa ngaGerhard Armauer Hansen. Kuhlukanisa bantfu ngekubabeka kusenteka etindzaweni letifana neindia,I-China, ne Afrika. Noma kunjalo, emakholoni lamanyenti avaliwe njengoba bulephelo abutsatselani.  kucwaswa emmangweni bekuhambisana nebulephelo yintfo yakudzala, kantsi kusachubeka kuba ngumngcele ekutseni bantfu batikhulumele nabagula nekulapheka ngesikhatsi.  Labanye leligama lelitsi Bulephelo balitsatsa njengalelitfukako, banconota lomusho lotsi “bantfu labagulwa bulephelo”. Lilanga leBulephelo Velonkhelacalwa nga 1954 kutsi kwatiswe.

## Emareferensi
Sifo se-Leishmaniasis

** Sifo se-Leishmaniasis** , lesibuye sipelwe nge **leishmaniosis **, sisifo lesibangelwayipharasayithi  yemajini iprotozoaniprotozoan" Leishmania" lebuye isatjalaliswe kulunywa nguletinye tetinhlobo tetinambutane tenhlabatsi Lesifo singatibonakalisa ngetindlela letintsatfu letibalulekile: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, or visceral leishmaniasis. Lendlela ye-cutaneous ivela netilondza esikhunjeni, ngalesikhatsi i-mucocutaneous yona ivela ngetilondza esikhunjeni, emlonyeni, nasemphumulweni, kantsi leletitfolakala etilwaneni ticala ngetilondza esikhunjeni bese sekulandzela ngefiva, kwehla kwemasotja emtimba labovu, nekuvuvuka kwenyongo nesibindzi. 

Kungena kwalesifo kubantfu kubangelwa tilwanyane letindlula ku-20 te *Leishmania*. Tintfo letiyingoti tifaka ekhatsi kweswela, kungadli kahle, kujutjwa kwemahlatsi kanye nekuguculwa kwetindzawo tibe tekuhlala. Tonkhe letinhlobo letintsatfu tingabonwa ngekubonakala kwaleligciwane ngekusebentisa i-microscope.  Ngalokungetiwe, tifo letivela etilwaneni tingabonakala ngekutsi kutsatfwe ingati. 

i-Leishmaniasis incenye yayo ingavikeleka ngekulala ngaphansi kwenetha ufake umutsi wekuvikela kulunywa tinambutane. Letinye tindlela tifaka ekhatsi kufutsa umutsi wekubulala tinambutane netimphungane nekulapha bantfu labanalesifo kusenesikhatsi kute kuvikelwe kuchubeka nekubhebhetseka.  Lokulashwa lokudzingekako kuya ngekutsi lesifo usitfole kuphi, letitalelwane te *Leishmania*, kanye naloluhlobo lwalesifo lesikungenile.  Leminye imitsi lengahle isetjentiselwe sifo se-visceral ifaka ekhatsi i-liposomal amphotericin B, inhlanganisela ye-pentavalent antimonials ne paromomycin, ne miltefosine.kusifo se- cutaneous , paromomycin fluconazole, noma i-pentamidineingahle isebente.

Bantfu labalinganiselwa kutigidzi leti-12 bangenwe ngulesifo emaveni lange-98.  Kunebantfu labalinganiselwa kutigidzi leti-2 labasandza kungenwa ngulesifo labasemkhatsini wema-20 kuya ku-50 walabashona njalo ngemnyaka.  Bantfu labalinganiselwa kutigidzi leti-200 base Asia, Afrika, eNingizimu naseNkhabeni ye-Amerika, eNingizimu ne Europe bahlala etindzaweni lapho lesifo sivame khona.  INhlangano Yetemphilo Velonkhe batfole taphulelo kuleminye imitsi kulapha lesifo.  Lesifo singabonakala nakuletinye tilwane letimbalwa kufaka ekhatsi tinjakanyetilwanyane.

## Emareferensi
Itestateroni

I**testasteroni** ngulenye yetitsako temtimba leyenta imisebenti leminyenti njengekulekelela ekukhuleni kanye nekuniketa umfutfo. Emadvodzeni itfolaka emasendzeni, kantsi ebafatini itfolakala ngemtsamo lomcane. Itestestoroni iphindze idlale indzima lenkulu ekutfombeni kwebafana. Letinye tetintfo letifaka phakatsi lokwentiwa yitestestoroni kucinisa ematsambo, kucinisa imisipha, kumilisa tinwele umtimba wonke lokufaka phakatsi nemadzevu kanye nekutsi indvodza iphume impandla. Kungabi netestestoroni leyanele kungabanga. 

### Kuvukelwa kwemiva

Itestestoroni ngiyo lebangela indvodza ivukelwe imiva uma icabanga ngalomsikatsi, kantsi futsi lizinga layo liyakhuphuka uma ngabe indvodza ikhuluma nalomsikati. variation=nolb

## Emarefarensi
Umbhobho wekunatsa

**Umbhobho wekunatsa** usentjetiswa uma ufuna kunatsa emanti kumbe tinatfo. Umbhobho wekunatsa utfolakala ngayo yonke imibala kantsi uba yipulasitiki. 

## Umlandvo

Bantfu bemaSamariya ngibo labatiwa ngekwenta umbhobho wekunatsa lebewusetjentiswa kunatsa tjwala. Kantsi tati ngetemlandvo tiyasho kutsi umbhobho wekunatsa wekucala longabalelwa eminyakeni letigidzi letintsatfu (3000) watfolakala ethuneni laseSamariya.  

## Emareferensi
Šiprage

**Šiprage** (*Шипраге*) lídolôbha yeBhosinya ne Hezegovi, iYurophu.
*Latitudo: 44°27′56″
*Longitudo: 17°33′36″
*Altitudo: 507-520 m

## Kwesimo selitulu

## Reference

## Kúfúna
* .
* http://opstinakotorvaros.com/ 
*http://www.maplandia.com/bosnia-and-herzegovina/republika-srpska/siprage/ Maplandia
*http://www.satellitecitymaps.com/europe-map/bosnia-and-herzegovina-map/federation-of-bosnia-and-herzegovina-map/%C5%A1iprage-map/
*http://www.distancesfrom.com/distance-from-Siprage-to-Banja-Luka-Bosna-i-Hercegovina/DistanceHistory/5243320.aspx
*http://www.maplandia.com/bosnia-and-herzegovina/republika-srpska/siprage/ Maplandia
*http://www.satellitecitymaps.com/europe-map/bosnia-and-herzegovina-map/federation-of-bosnia-and-herzegovina-map/%C5%A1iprage-map/
*http://www.distancesfrom.com/distance-from-Siprage-to-Banja-Luka-Bosna-i-Hercegovina/DistanceHistory/5243320.aspx
*http://www.udaljenosti.com/bosna/- Distances in B&H
Lutsandvo

**Lutsandvo** miva lehlukahlukene lengachaza kutsandza umuntfu, kutsandza intfo, kutsandza kudla kumbe kutsandza silwane. Kuphindze kuchaze kuba nemivo letsite etintfweni  letinjengetemidlalo kanye naletifana netemculo netemidvwebo. 

## Imitfombo

* 
* 
* 
*
Tilondza esitfweni samake sangasese

**Tilondza esitfweni samake sangasese** **FGM**, letiphindze tatiwe ngekutsi **kusikeka esitfweni sangasese** kanye **nekucwiywa kwesitfo samake sangasese**, kuchazwa Inhlangano Yetemphilo Velonkhe (WHO) "njengekuhlindvwa lokufaka ekhatsi kukhishwa kwencenye noma konkhe lokulimele kulesitfo sangasese noma lokulimala kulesitfo samake sangasese kwentela tizatfu tekulapha." I-FGM yentiwa njengelisiko yentiwa newesintfu emaveni lange-27Sub-Saharan kaye ne-Northeast Afrika, kancane futsi nase Asia, Enkhabeni yeMpumalanga kanye nakuleminye imiphakatsi yebachamuki kuletinye tindzawo.   Iminyaka yebudzala yekwentiwa kwalelisiko iyahluka kusukela kumalanga ngemuva kwekubelekwa kuya ngalesikhatsi sekutfomba, kuhhafu wemave lapho kutfolakala khona emanani avelonkhe, emantfombatane lamanyenti ajutjwa ngembi kwekutsi ahlanganise iminyaka lesihlanu. 

Lesento sifaka ekhatsi inchubo yekusikwa yinye noma timbili, kantsi kuba nemehluko ngekuya kwetinhlanga letihlukene. Kufaka ekhatsi kukhishwa yonkhe incenye yesicotolo kanye nesigcoko saso sicotolo; tonkhe noma letinye tincenye talesicotolo nemalebe angekhatsi; nangalendlela lekulula ngayo kuhlanganisa emalebe nesicotolo kutfungelwe ndawonye noma incenye yalokwangekhatsi kanye nalawa angaphandle kanye nekuvalwa kwesitfo sangasese. Kulenchubo yekulashwa yekugcina, letibitwa yi-WHO ngekutsi Type III FGM, kushiywa sikhadlala lesincane kwentelwe kutsi kuphume umchamo nengati uma ngabe usesikhatsini, bese sitfo sangasese siyavulwa kwentelwe kuya emacansini kanye nekubeleka.  Lemitselela kutemphilo iya ngalenchubo yekuhlindvwa kodvwa ingafaka ekhatsi kusuleleka ngetifo lokungapheli, buhlungu lobungalapheki, isisti, kungakhoni kukhulelwa, kuba netinkinga ngalesikhatsi ubeleka kanye nekopha lokungabangela kufa. 

Lenchubo isuselwa ekungalinganeni ngekwebulili, imitamo yekulawula indlela bomake labaya ngayo emacasini, kanye nemibono ngekuba msulwa, kubukeka kahle nangekwesimanje. Loku kuvamise kucaliswa futsi kwentiwe bomake, lebakubona njengendlela yekuhlonipheka, laba basuke basaba kwekutsi uma ngabe bangavumi kutsi bantfwana babo nebatukulu babo bajutjwe kutawenta kwekutsi lamantfombatane anganakwa ngumphakatsi. Bomake labadlula kutigidzi leti-130 kanye nemantfombatane bayentile i-FGM kulamave lange-29 lapho lenchubo inakwa khona.  Ngetulu kwetigidzi letisiphohlongo tivaliwe ngaphansi kwesitfo sangasese, lekuyintfo letfolakala kakhulu eDjibouti, Eritrea, Somalia nase Sudan.

I-FGM ayisekho emtsetfweni noma ayisavumelekanga kulamave lamanyenti lapho yentiwa khona, kodvwa lemitsetfo ayisetjentiswa kahle.  Bekunemitamo lekhona kusukela nga 1970 kuzama kwenta kutsi bantfu bayiyekele, kantsi nga 2012kuNhlangano Lengamele Emave Emhlaba, babona i-FGM njengalebukela emalungelo ebantfu phansi.  Labo labaphikisako nabo banemibono yabo lehlukile, ikakhulukati kulaba labafundza ngebantfu nemasiko abo. Eric Silverman i-FGM seyibe sihloko lekucociswana ngaso kakhulu kulabafundza ngebantfu nemasiko abo, babuta imibuto lelukhuni lephatselene nemaciniso ngemasiko, kubeketela kanye nekuhlukana kwemalungelo ebantfu. 

## Emareferensi
Kubeleka

**Kubeleka**, lekubuye kwatiwe ngekutsi **umhelo noma kukhululeka nabewutitfwele**, kungalesikhatsi kuphelakukhulelwa ubeleka umntfwana munye noma ngetulu aphuma esibeletfwenisamake. Ngemnyaka wa-2015 bekubeleke bantfu labalinganiselwa kutigidzi leti-135 mhlabawonkhe.  Bantfwana labalinganiselwa kutigidzi leti-15 batalwangembi kwemaviki lange-37 sekukhulelwa, ngalesikhatsi labangu 3 kuya ku-12% batalwasekundlule emaviki lange-42. Emaveni lesekatfutfukile bantfu labanyenti babelekela etibhedlela, ngalesikhatsiemaveni lasatfutfuka bantfu labanyenti babelekela emakhaya basitwa ngumuntfu lomdzala wendzawo lobelekisako.

Indlela lejwayelekile yekubelekangulena yekukhipha umntfwana ngesitfo sangasese. Lendlela ifaka ekhatsi tinyatselo letintsatfu temhelo: nekufinyela kanyekube netinhlungu nasivulekako, kwehla kwemntfwana nekubeleka lomntfwana, nekuchilitaukhiphele ngaphandle indlu yemntfwana. Lesigaba sekucala sitsatsa emahora lalishumi nakubili kuya kulishumi nemfica, sigaba sesibili sitsatsa imizuzu lengemashumi lamabili kuya kumahora lamabili, kantsi sinyatselo sesitsatfu sitsatsa imizuzu lesihlanu kuya kulengemashumi lamatsatfu.  Lesigaba sekucala sicala ngekutsi kusike esinyeni netinhlungu ecolo letitsatsa sigamu semzuzu bese buyabuya lobuhlungu njalo ngemuva kwemizuzu lelishumi kuya kulengemashumi lamatsatfu.  Letinhlungu letisikako tiba buhlungu ngemandla futsi tisondzelane ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi.  Ngalesikhatsi sesigaba sesibili kutawuvakala kuchiliteka kanye netinhlungu temhelo.  Kusigaba sesitsatfu kwentsambo yenkhaba kuvamise kunconywa.  Tindlela letinyenti letihlukene tingasita ekudzambiseni tinhlungu njengemasu ekwehlisa emaphaphu, ema-opioids, kanye nekushikisha umgogodla.

Bantfwana labanyenti nababelekwa kuphuma inhloko kucala; nomakunjalo, 4% beta ngetinyawo kucala noma tibunu kucala, lekubitwa ngekutsi ngekuvundla. Ngalesikhatsi uphetfwe ngumhelo ungakwati kudla nekuhamba ngendlela lofuna ngayo, kuchilita akukavumeleki ngalesikhatsi sesigaba sekucala noma ngalesikhatsi kuphuma inhloko, kanye nekujovaakukavumeleki. Ngalesikhatsi kujutjwa kuvulwa sikhalakulembobo yangasese, lekubuye kwatiwe ngekutsiyi-episiotomy, kujwayelekile kantsi akudzingeki kangako.  Nga 2012, kubeleke bantfu labalinganiselwa ku-24 wetigidzi ngekutsi bahlindvwekujutjwe esuswini lekutsiwa yisiza. Isiza inganconywa uma ngabe umuntfu abeleka emawele, kunekucindzeteleka kwemntfwana, nomaeta afulatsela. Lendlela yekubeleka ingatsatsa sikhatsi lesidze kutsi uphole uma usebentise yona. 

Umnyaka ngamunye tinkhinga letiphatselene nekubeleka kanye nekukhulelwa tiba yimbangela yekushona kwalabalinganiselwa ku 500,000 ngemnyaka, tigidzi letingu-7 tabomake baba netinkhinga letimbi letitsatsa sikhatsi lesidze, kantsi tigidzi letinge-50 tabomake baba nemitselela lengasimihle yemiphumela yetemphilo ngemuva kwekubeleka.  Lokunyenti kwaloku kwentekaemaveni lasatfutfuka.  Kungahambi kahle lokunyenti kufaka ekhatsi kuphatamiseka kwemhelo, kopha ngembi kwekubeleka, eclampsia, kanye nekusuleleka nge-postpartum. Tinkhinga letiba khona emntfwaneni tifaka ekhatsi kutalwa ne-asphyxia.

## Emareferensi
SíChoza

**SiChoza** silulwimi lwaseNingizimu Afrika. Siyafana nesiSwati nesiZulu nesiNdebele kakhulu. Bantfu labaningi bakhuluma lolulwimi eShona Kapa naseMpuma Kapa. Bantfu labakhuluma siSwati bangavisisa kakhulu uma beva lolulwimi lukhulunywako.
Dättlikon

**Dättlikon**. Lídolôbha yESwizalendi. Lídolôbha yeDistrict Winterthur.

## Kufuna

## Kúbópha
* Dättlikon
Tibongo tenkhosi Mahlokohla/Bhunu

Mahlokohla lomnyama, ngulondzatja ngentsamo

Lohlokohle timbiba taphuma tenta buhlakalala,

Taye tayawubanjwa ngudaladi esangweni
KaZombodze wemagugu.

Ngwane Lulakane nekhaya netsafeni,

Bebatemdzindz' umkhaba.

Uyisaphi kuLancabane?

Ngwane usona nonani,

Loku bahlaba tinkhomo bayahlindzisana,

Mngce kushe kube sehlobo, 

Kuye kusuk' emalangabi.

Hlangu sinembele wenkhomo.

Ntsambo katetfwalwa kaZombodze wemagugu.

Wahlohla-ke dvoye!

Nangelutsi lwemkhonto bewungahlohla.

Ngiyamesab' umtakaMadzanga,

Wabit' inkhosi ngebudzatja,

Waye wayibita ngebugeletjane.

Hhululu!

Wehle njani emahlatsini lamadze?

Kantsi ngaseMamphondvweni.

Ngingayitsatsaphi inkhosi lengangaNgwane?

Ngiyikhwet' etu kweMdzimba.

Mlom' ufika ezulwini.

Ngwane emantini ngimfanisa nesitiba;

Ngwane endleleni ngimfanisa nalevundlako;

Ngwane emitsini ngimfanisa nemnyamatsi;

Ngwane enkhomeni ngimfanisa nenshivatane.

Ngcabiya teluhlunguhlungu tiyababa.

Mkhondvo wetindlovu awulandvwa,

Uyawulandvwa bafana basetingadzeni.

Mhhamuta bantfu bangenaboya Ngwane.

Ligodza lakaZombodze

Kadze liwagil' emadvodza emacakala.

Inyoni ledlalel' emahubhen' etintsaba.

Ingwe ledl' ematfole etinyatsi.

Buhle baNgwane bungididile,

BungangaVimba kanye naMashongololo.

Uyephana yela Ngwane!

Ngekupha tinyoni teMamphondvweni,

Tidla atiwesuli umlomo,

Wapha Cayitane,

Wase uyawubita Bhebhebhe,

Kutsi kuyadliwa eMamphondvweni,

Wase uyewubita lelikhulu

Lelinemphandl' enhloko.

Buhlalu kabuhlangan' entsanyeni,

Ingani kuCikose buyahlangana.

Umvemve wakitsi ngete ngawubeka emutaneni,

Ngingawubeka kaZombodze wemagugu.

Ngwane phani losemnyango,

Losemsamo umtsambekele.

Mbhabha ngajozi lakhe.

Nkhomo taphela tinselo tiy' emtini wakho
EMamphondvweni.

Uyadzela mfati waseSigombeni,

Walibuka lijaha laNdaba,

Uyadzela mfati waseNyakeni,

Walibuka lijaha laNdaba,

Uyadzela mfati waseMafutseni,

Walibuka lijaha laNdaba,

Liyoshoshobala ngesikhala lesasishona

Khuzwayo waMahlalela waNkhosi.

Uyadzela mfati wakaMshikashika,

Walibuka lijaha laNdaba.

Uyadzela mfati wakaMkhweli,

Ngekubuka lijaha laNdaba.

Intfumbeleti yaDlamini,

Itfumbelete futs' emahlatsini eMadvokanyawo.

Uyadzela Mashicela,

Ngetulu kweLubombo,

Walibuka lijaha laNdaba.

Lugobe lukhulu lusihlalele,

Lubitwe ngemadvuna akaNgwane,

Buhle bungandlati teShowe,

Tona timashob' ahlula ludzaka.

Lowadzabula kuLongwevu,

Wayifulel' indlu yeMbabane,

Wentel' emadvodza khona

Atekuba mphunga.

Mdlovu bawuhlabile,

Bawuhlab' ekupheleni kwetimphondvo

Wayishay' inhloko yaLembelele waSobhuza!

Bayethe!

Wena waphakatsi!
TINKHONDLO

TINKONDLO

Ingabe yini inkondlo?

Inkondlo ngumbhalo lotjengisa buciko lobukhulu besakhiwo kanye nekusetjntiswa kwelulimi. Umnuntfu lobhala tinkondlo ubitwa ngasonkondlo. Sonkodlo uma abhala ikondlo uyibhala asebentise buciko , futsi unelikhono lekusebentisa lulwimi ngalokwetiyile kaye nekwakha imifanekiso engconvweni kuze aphindze atsitse imiva yetfu ngendlela letsite. Bayakwati futsi kuhlobisa lulwimi ngetinongonkhulumo kuze kutsi imicondvo labayibekako kanye nengcikitsi yalabakushoko nalabakuhlosile kuvele kuleyo mibhalo ngaphadle kwekuchaza kabanti.

Njenagasosonkhe sifundvo, inkondlo inetakhiwo letitsite.

Sakhiwo sangaphandle - lapha kulapho siftola khona takhiwo lesitibona ngemehlo.

✖ Tindzima - indzima yenkhondlo yakhiwa migca yona leyakhiwa ngemagama. Loku kubitwa ngekutsi iphethini yenkhondlo.

✖ Imvumelwano - kufana kwemalunga emigceni lemibili lelandzelanako. Emalunga angaba ekucaleni nobe ekugcineni kwemigca.

✖ Luchumano - kufana kwemagama ekucaleni kwemigca lemibili, emkhatsini nobe ekugcineni kwemigca lemibili lelandzelanako.

✖ Sidvonsamoya / Siphumuti - lencenye itfolakala emkhatsini wemugca. Kunesidvomsamoya sekholoni nesesemikholoni.

✖ Sicedzelelamcondvo - lapha umcomdvo lowetfulwa mugca awupheleli kuwo uphelela emgceni wesibili nobe wesitsatfu. Khumbula kwekutsi umugca akusiwo umusho.

✖ Imphindvwa - Kufana kwemigca ekucaleni kwetindzima letilandzelanako nobe ekugcineni kwato.

✖ Imphidza - Kuphindzaphindza ligama emgceni nobe endzimeni.

✖ Sifutamsindvo - kufanana kwemsindvo egameni linye. Imisindvo ifutene ibiteka ngendlela yinye.

✖ Sifanamsindvo - Lapha-ke kufana kwabongwaca elungeni lekucala emagameni lekakhe umugca munye.

✖ Sifanankhamisa - loku kufana kwabonkhamisa emagameni lakha umugca.
Umfula wase Maputo

Umfula wae-Maputo (e-Portuguese Rio) watiwa ngekutsi i-**Great Usuthu River**, **umfula we-Lusutfu noma umfula we Suthu lose** South Africa, Swaziland, kanye ne Mozambique. Lligama le-Suthu lisukela ebantfwini be-Bosotho lebebahlala eceleni kwalomfula, kepha bahlaselwa phindze basuswa maSwati.  Phindze lichaza kuba mnyama loku kukhomba budzaka..

## Kugeleta
Lomfula ukhuphukela eceleni kwase Amsterdam, Mpumalanga e-Ningizimu Africa lapho uhamba khona ngaseswatini, lapho ungenela etintsabeni tase Lebombo. Emuva kwemakhilomitha langu 13, lomfula uhlukanisa emave lamabili, Swaziland kanye ne South Africa. Emuva kwemakhilomitha langu 20, lomfula wakha ligede mekhatsini we South Africa kanye ne Mozambiki. Endzaweni yetilwane e-Ndumo Game Reserve itfwala imifula ye-Pongola River. Ubese ungenela i-Mozambiki uze uyofika ngase ningizimu ye-Maputo Bay, ngekwehlela ngema khilomitha langu 85.

E-Swatini kunemfula lokutsiwa i-Great Usuthu noma Lusutfu lohamba ngase Bhunya, Luyengo, Siphofaneni kanye ne Big Bend. Lelidolobha lidvutane endzawe lapho kuhamba khona lomfula. Lomfula i-Great Usuthu ngumfula lomkhulu eswatini. ushona ngemamitha langanga 21 kantsi futsi watiwa ngemanti lamhlophe. Kute lamanye emadolobha lakhona kuba nalomfula ngoba uyashona. Kantsi futsi lomfula ulikhaya lase meahhotela kanye naletinye tindzawo tetilwane.

## Imifula Leyakhako
Kusukela emlonyeni walomfula, lemifula leyakhako yi: Seganagana, Bonnie Brook, Mpuluzi, Buhlungu, Umvenvane, Lusushwana, Sidvokodvo, Mkhondvo, Mhlamani, Mzimneni, Mzimphofu, Mhlathuzane, Mtsindzekwa, Nyetane, Funuane, kanye ne Pongola Rivers.

## Emadamu kulomfula
* Westoe Dam
* Lubovane Dam

## Buka Futsi
* List of rivers of South Africa

## Ema-referensi

## Leminye imininingwane
* Maputo River Basin - SADC Water Sector ICP Collaboration Portal
Coordinates: [//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Maputo_River&params=26_11_S_32_42_E_region:ZA_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki 26°11′S 32°42′E&#xFEFF; / &#xFEFF;26.183°S 32.700°E&#xFEFF; / -26.183; 32.700]
Umgwenya (e-Limpopo)

Umgwenya (Afrikaans) ngumfula loseSouth Africa. Emva kwekuhlangana kwalomfula neMarico River, yomibili lemifula yakha i- Limpopo River.

## Luhambo lwemfula

Umgwenya utalwa lapha etintsabeni tase uchamukela etintsabeni tase Witwatersrand, asukela e-Constanitia Kloof, Roodepoort, Gauteng Lidamu lekucala leligcwaliswa ngumfula wetingwenya lidamu lase Lake Heritage,ngasenyakatfo etindizeni tase Lanseria. Ngasenshonalanga kwalendzawo yetindiza uhlangana kanye nemfula wase Juksei. Acubeke agelete ngase North West lapho kunemadamu lamabili latsiwa i-hartbeespoort dam kanye nelidamu lase Roodekoppies. Ngaphambili kwelidamu lase Hartbeespoort, lomfula wendlula edolobheni lase Brits. Umfula we Elands uhlangana nemfula logeletako asukela edamini lase Vaalkop, ngemakhilomitha langu 20 nje umfula we Pienaars uyangenelela, kafishane nje ekuphumeni lidamu lase Klipvoor.

Endzaweni yase Limpopo Province, ngemakhilomitha nje langu 35, lomfula umgwenya undlulela edolobheni lase Thabazimbi kwakhekha umsele logwengile ngemakhilomitha lambalwa endzaweni lapho kuhlala khona tilwane ngaphambi kwekutsi uhlangane kanye nemfula we Marico ngasenyakatfo ye Rooibokkraal ekugcineni kwe North West Province kutowakha umfula wase Limpopo. .

## Kugeleta nekuhlanga kwemifula
Lomfula Umgwenya mukhulu nje uhlanganiswa ngulemifula i-Bloubankspruit, umfula we Hennops, umfula we Jukskei, umfula we Magalies, umfula we Sterkstroom, umfula we Rosespruit, umfula we Skeerpoort,umfula we Kareespruit, umfula we Elands, umfula we Bierspruit kanye nemfula Welisondvo..

## Kungcoliseka kwalomfula
Umfula Umgwenya nguye umfula lofinyetekile e- South Africa. Imitselela yalokungcola isukela edolobheni lase Johannesburg kanye nasedolobheni lase Tshwane, kumosha tindzawo letiningi letimcoka, kufaka ekhatsi tilwane tasemantini. tindzawo tase mayini, tindzawo tekulima kanye nekungcola kwasetindlini ngiko lokwenta emanti kutsi angasahlobi kahle kantsi futsi angasebentiseki, kantsi futsi netihlahla tiyalimala ngaletigameko. Kulima lokukabi kuphoceleka kutsi umhlaba amosheke, loku kulimata umfula.

## Emadamu

Lomfula wemadamu uyincenye yemanti etingwenya (Enyakatfo) kanye nemanti ase Marico Management Area. Emadamu lakulomfula:
* Hartbeespoort Dam
* Roodekoppies Dam
* Rietvlei Dam, in the Rietvlei River
* Bon Accord Dam and Leeukraal Dam, in the Apies River
* Klipvoor Dam and Roodeplaat Dam, in the Pienaars/Moretele River
* Vaalkop Dam, in the Elands River
* Bospoort Dam, in the Hex River

## Buka futsi
* Simunyo sendishi A
* Imifula lese Ningizimu Africa
* Emathange kanye nemadamu ase Ningizimu Africa

## Luphenyo

## Leminye imininingwane
* Overview of the Crocodile (West)/Marico Water Management Area
* Natural and anthropogenic influences on water quality: an example from rivers draining the Johannesburg Granite Dome
* A river runs through Limpopo Province
* The influence of land use on water quality and diatom community structures in urban and agriculturally stressed rivers
Ligede lase Mozambique kanye ne-Ningizimu Afrika

Leligede **emkhatsini** kwe Mozambique **kanye** ne South Africa lihlukaniswe kabili, libe lembuso wase Swatini. Lelelinye luhlangotsi lungase Nshonalanga ngemakhilomitha langu 410 (255) ngebudze, leligijima ngase nshonalanga kanye nase ningizimu emkhatsini kwetintsaba tase Lebombo kusukela e- Zimbabwe kuya eswatini. Loluhlangotsi lwase ningizimu lolungu 81 wemakhilomitha ngebudze (50 mi), kusukela empumalanga e-Maputland, kusukela eswatini kuya elwandle lwemandiya.

## Umhlaba
Luhlanganiso nelive lase Zimbabwe luse Crooks Corner emfuleni wase Limpopo,kungabe dvute kanye nemfula wase Luvuvhu. Leligede ligijima emgceni locondzile kusukela kuhlanganiswa kanye nemfula we-Shingwedzi, kantsi kunuye futsi ligijimele etulu kwase nshonalanga kwehlela ngasetintsabeni tase Lebombo. Leligede lendlulela umfula we-Olifants, Sabie kanye newe Komati. Lokuhlukana kwaleligede kugcina ngase nshonalanga e-Swatini ekuhlanganeni kwe-Mpundweni beacon eceleni kwe Namaacha

Iningizimu yase Swatini icuketfwe e-Abercorn Drift emfuleni we-Usuthu lapho khona ligede lase Mozambique kanye nelase Swatini ngasetintsabeni tase Lebombo kuhlangana umfula. Kusukela lapho leligede lilandzela umfula we-Usuthu kuyohlangana kanye nemfula wase Pongola lapho khona leligede lavalwa. Leligede libese ligijima ngase mpumalanga emgceni locondzile kuhlangane kanye nema beacons ezingene lelifanako kanye ne-Usuthu-Pongola (kubekiswa kwa 26* 52 eningizimu).Uhlangana kanye nelwandle lwemandiya ngaphansi kwe-Monte Ouro peak, ngase ningizimu nje yase Ponta do Ouro.

## Kwewela
Kunemagede ekwewela lamane, lamatsatfu ngasenyakatfo kanye nalinye ngase ningizimu. Lokwewelwa khona ngco kuse Ressano Garcia nobe e-Lebombo lapho kunemugwaco wase Maputo kanye nemgwaco wesitimela ngale kwaleligede.Lokuwela kwehlukaniswa kulelitafula langaphansi.

## Tintsatselo
Sam Nhlengethwa

**Jabulani Sam Nhlengethwa** (9 Bhimbhidvwane 1955) ungumdvwebi wase Ningizimu Afrika wetitfombe kanye nemibukiso. Nhlengetfwa wacala kukhomba likhono lekudvweba asesemncane. Nhlengethwa utalewe e Springs kantsi ukhulele kagogo wakhe e Heidelberg.

## Umsebenti
Titfombe kanye nemidvwebo yakhe ikhonjiswe mhlaba wonkhe, kantsi uniketwe tindvondvo emahlandla lamanyenti ngemisebenti yakhe.

## Emareferensi
Kubulawa kwebantfu eBoipatong

**Kubulawa Kwebantfu eBoipatong** kwenteka mhlaka 7 June 1992 emphakatsini wase Boibatong, eNingizimu Afrika. Loku kwaba kubulawa kwebantfu ngesihluku ngemalunga eNkatha Freedom Party. 

## Imbangela

Leti tibhelu letacala ngekuphela kwelubandlululo eNingizimu Afrika. Licembu letembangave Inkatha belingafuni kuba yingcenye yetinkulumo mpikiswano teCODESA. Bantfu labanyenti bacabanga kutsi Inkatha beyisebentisana nemabhunu kucitsa umbuso wentsantfo yelinyenti lebeyisedvute ngalese sikhatsi.

## Sehlakalo

Emalunga eNkatha labekahlala ehositela lase Madala asekela bantfu base Boipatong lebekabasola ngekuvotela iANC ababulala. Kwabulawa bantfu labangu 45 lobobusuku, kungenwa ngemiti. 

## Luphenyo
Emva kwalokubulalwa kwabese kuba khona luphenyo lwenkomishane yamehluleli Goldstone leyatfola kutsi emaphoyisa amange abe nesandla kulokubulawa.https://www.iol.co.za/the-star/the-boipatong-massacre-20-years-on-1318617 

## Emarefarensi
Kubulawa Kwase Bisho

**Kubulawa Kwase Bisho **Kwenta mhlaka 7 Septermber 1992 eBhiso, Lena bekuyindzawo lebeyatiwa ngekutsi i Ciskei ngesikhatsi selibandlululo. Bantfu belicembu lwa Khongolose i ANC labangu 28 babulawa ngumbuso wemaBhunu  ngekufuna kubayincenye ye Ningizimu Afrika.  

## Imbangela
Umbuso was Oupa Gcozo nguwo lowaba nesandla ekubulaleni labantfu ngenca yekutsi bewungafuni kutsi babe yincenye ye Ningizimu Afrika. 

## References
Doda

**Dorota Aqualiteja Rabczewska** (owatalwa ngo-15 kuFebhuwari 1984), watiwa njengaDoda, ungumlobi-wengoma wasePoland, umlingisi, umkhiqiti, nobuntu bethelevishini. Umnqobi wemiklomelo emibili yeMTV Europe Music Award, uphakathi kwabaculi abaphumelele kakhulu basePoland ngokuya ngenani lemiklomelo ewinile. UDoda uyabonakala ngokusebenta kwakhe okusha nokuphikisayo namavidiyo omculo.
Bonnie Mbuli

**Bonnie Mbuli** (3 Indlovulenkulu 1979) ngumdlali wemafilimu kanye nembukisi wetimpahla. Uphindze abe yintsatseli ehlelweni we SABC 3 lelatiwa ngekutsi i, Afternoon Express 3.

## Ebuncaneni bakhe
Mbuli watalelwa e Soweto, eNingizimu Afrika. Kantsi sikolo ufundze e Greenside High School e Jozi.kantsi nguye litibulo ebatalini bakhe. Wacala kungenela bomabonakudze aneminyaka lengu 13. 

## Tinkhomba
Umtsetfo Sisekelo wase Ningizimu Afrika

**Umtsetfo sisekelo we Ningizimu Afrika** ngumtsetfo lolawula live lase Ningizimu Afrika. Unikela sisekelo etinkundleni tekulawulwa kwemitsetfo yaseveni lase Ningizimu Afrika. Lomtsetfo wentiwa ngemnyaka wa 1994, kantsi ngembi kwaloluku bekunemtsetfo welibandlululo ngelibala. Wabese uphasiswa nga 1996 kantsi ngo 1997 wabese ucikicelwa emtsetfweni we live lase Ningizimu Afrika ngumongameli Nelson Mandela. 

Kusukela ngo 1996, umtsetfo ulungiswe emahlandla langu 17 kutsi uhambisane nemitsetfo yelive neither it nor the acts amending it are allocated act numbers. Umtsetfo sisekelo watiwa ngekutsi i "Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996". Kantsi ngembi kwaloku bekatiwa ngekutsi i Act of Parliament. 

## Umlandvo
Nakuphela umbuso welibandlululo kwacala tinkulumiswano tekuguculwa kwemtsetfo sisekelo ngobe emitsetfo leminyenti ngesikhatsi selibandlululo beyivuna belumbi.

I CODESA bekuyinkundla lebalulekile etinkulunyiswaneni temacembu embangave kanye ne malunga etemtsetfo. Letinkulunyiswano tacala ngo 1992 kantsi licembu lebelungu i National Party beyifuna kuchubeka kutsi liphalamende ligcwale ngemalunga alo lalinganiselwa emaphesentini langu 75 ngaphandle kwekuvota. Umtsetfo sisekelo awumange ukuvumele loko, kepha wavumela kubusa ngentsandvo yelinyenti lapho khona bantfu bonke batovotela umbuso wentsandvo yelinyenti ,netihlalo ephalamende tilingane emavoti ebavoti.

## References
Umgababa

**Umgababa** lugu lelwandle lelitfolakala endzaweni yase Thekwini KwaZulu Natal eNingizimu Afrika. Liligama lelitsi Umgababa litsatselwa egameni lelitsi umkababa lokuchaza kutsi umfati wababe. Sive saka Lithuli ngiso lesadzabuka kulendzawo. 

## Tekuvakasha

Lendzawo yaseMgababa itsandvwa kakhulu bavakashi lababuya emaveni lahlukahlukene. 

## References
Cyril Ramaphosa

**Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa** (born 17 Lweti 1952) ngumongameli wesihlanu welive lase Ningizimu Afrika.  Ramaphosa ulandzela ngemuva kwa mongameli Jacob Zuma. Ungaphansi kwelicembu le ANC.

Ramaphosa ngulomunye wekucala webaholi belicembu le ANC lowahlela umtsetfo sisekelo sase Ningizimu Afrika, kantsi ngemuva kwenkululeko ubese ungenela temabhizinisi watakhela ligama.  

## Ebuncaneni kanye nemfundvo
Ramaphosa watalelwa e, Johannesburg, ngo 17 Lweti 1952, ngumtfwana wesibili ebantfwaneni labatsatfu.  . Babe wakhe bekaliphoyisa. Kantsi ufundze e Tshilidzi Primary School kanye nase Sekano Ntoane High School eSoweto.   Ngo 1971 wenta matikuletjeni wakhe e Mphaphuli High School eSibasa eVenda. Ngesikhatsi asesikolweni bekahola litsimba letenkolo ayinhloko ye SCM. 

Kutse lapho asenyuvesi watibandzakanya netepolitiki wajoyina macembu lafana nabo SASCO kanye nabo BPC.  . Ramaphosa uphotfule timfundvo takhe eUNISA lapho watfole khona i B.Proc. Degree in 1981.

## References
Letta Mbulu

**Letta Mbulu** ( watalwa Ingci 1942) ngumculi we Jazz wase Ningizimu Afrika lowacala kucula kusukela ngeminyaka yabo 1960. 

## Umlandvo

Mbulu watiwa ngekulwela emalungelo eluntfu kantsi ngabo 1960 wahamba wayohlana nemyeni wakhe Caiphus Semenya e U.S.A, ngulapho lawa rikhoda tingoma letinyenti lebetimayelana nekulwa numbuso welibandlululo eNingizimu Afrika. Ngesikhatsi ase Melika wasebenta nebaculi labanyenti labadvumile labafana nabo Hugh Masekela, Miriam Makeba, Harry Belafonte.  

## iDiskografi
* *Letta Mbulu Sings* (Capitol, 1967)
* *Free Soul* (Capitol, 1968)
* *Letta* (Chisa, 1970)
* *Naturally* (Fantasy, 1972)
* *There's Music in the Air* (A&M, 1976)
* *Letta* (A&M, 1977)
* *Letta Mbulu* - Gold (A&M, 1978)
* *Letta Mbulu* - Sweet juju (Morning, 1985)
* *The Best of Letta & Caiphus* (Columbia, 1996)
* *Greatest Hits* (Columbia, 1999)
* *Letta Mbulu Sings/Free Soul* (Stateside, 2005)
* *Culani Nami* (Sony, 2007)

## Tinkomba
Kukhanyisa sikhumba

**Kukhanyisa sikhumba** ngumkhuba wekusebentisa timonyu, emakhatsakhatsa, kumbe letinye tindlela tekwenta sikhumba sibe mhlophe. Imitsi yekukhanyisa sikhumba isebenta ngekwehlisa linani  melanin yesikhumba. Imitsi leminyenti ikhonjisiswe kutsi inemandla ekukhanyiseni sikhumba, leminye inemitselela lenemvuzo (sib..: ema-antioxidant, tondlamtimba, kumbe yehlise bungoti betinhlobo tsite temdlavuza); leminye yalemitsi inebungoti lobukhulu emphilweni (sibonelo, timonyo letinemekhuri).

## Umsebenti
Tindzawo letitsite letishe kakhulu tinebumnyama lobendlulele njengemabla e-lentigo , tinsumpe nemkhango tingakhanyiswa kute umbala wato uhambisane newesikhumba lesimadvutane. Mayelana nekucateka, sikhumba lesingakacateki singakhanyiswa kwentelwe kutsi kube nekufanana kwesikhumba sonkhe.

## Discovery and design
Melanogenesis inhibitors have been discovered and developed through several methods, including: screening of synthetic chemical libraries (high throughput screening is occasionally used), screening of plant extracts, computational (in silico) search, found as a side effect of previously known drugs and exploration of structural analogues of previously known tyrosinase inhibitors based on knowledge (in varying degrees) of their structure-activity relationship. Thus, the development and discovery of melanogenesis inhibitors illustrates many of the methods used in drug design. Some of the most potent competitive reversible tyrosinase inhibitors are synthetic compounds with a potency hundreds of times that of kojic acid.

## References
Sikhumulo Setindiza sase Maseru

**Sikhumulo Setindiza sase Maseru** lesiphindze satiwe nge Nkosi Moshoeshe I. lesikhumulo sitfolakala e Maseru kantsi setsiwe ngenkosi Moshoeshoe I yaseLesotho lebeyibuso ngeminyaka yango -1850.
## Tinsitancanti
Lesikhumulo sinemigwaco yetindiza lemibili kantsi tindiza tiphaphela kuya e Ningizimu Afrika kuphela ngaphandle uma kutindiza letite ngembuso walamanye emave. 
## Kuphapha kwetindiza
Tindiza letikhona ngema Airlink kantsi tiya e Ningizimu Afrika kuphela. 
## Emareferensi
Theresa May

**Theresa May** (watalwa 1 Impala 1956) nguNdvunankulu wase-United Kingdom neMholi we-Conservative Party kusukela ngo-2016. Uphindze waba ngoNobhala wase Brithani kusukela ngo-2010 kuya ku-2016. Mey wakhetfwa kucala njengelilungu lePhalamende (MP) leMaidenhead ngemnyaka wa-1997. 

## Kungena Kute Politiki

May ukhulele e-Oxfordshire waya eSt Hugh's College, e-Oxford. Kusukela nga-1977 kuze kube ngo-1983, wasebenta ebhange laseNgilandi, kusukela ngo-1985 kuze ku-1997. Kutse ngemuva kwesikhashana wasebenta njengelilungu lelikhansela laseDurnsford eMerton. Ngemuva kwemitamo wakhetfwa njengelilungu lePhalamende laMaidenhead ngo-1997 ekhetfweni jikelele. Kusukela ngo-1999 kuya ku-2010, May bekadlala tindzima letiningana kwi-Shadow Cabinets yaWilliam Hague, i-Iain Duncan Smith, Michael Howard naDavid Cameroon. 
## Emareferensi
Tilwimi tase Ningizimu Afrika

Tilishumi nanye tilwimi taseNingizimu Afrika, kantsi ticuketse: siBhunu, siNgisi, siNdebele, siSwati, siSuthu saseNyakatfo,  siSuthu, siTsonga, siTswana, siVenda, siXhosa nesiZulu. Linyenti lebantfu baseNingizimu Afrika likhuluma lulwimi lelingetulu kwelilodvwa.  Ngesikhatsi semaKholoni tilwimi lebetisemtsetfweni eNingizimu Afrika bekusiDashi nesiNgisi, loku kwenteka eminyakeni yangabo-1910 kuya ku-1925.  
## Tinkomba
Daniel Tshanda

**Daniel Ndivhiseni Tshanda,** lodvume nga**Dan Tshanda**, (28 Bhimbidvwane 1964-5 Bhimbidvwane 2019) bekangumculi waseNingizimu Afrika lobekatiwa ngemculo weDisco. Umculo wakhe bewudvume kakhulu ngeminyaka yangabo 1980, kantsi letinye tingoma takhe telidvumo tifaka phakatsi bo "Pikoko" nabo " Eli Eli Lamasabatha" kanye nabo " Anginamali Yekuya Eskolweni". Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi umculo wakhe bewudvume kakhulu emaveni langaphandle kweNingizimu Afrika lafana nabo Botswana, Zimbabwe, Lesotho kanye naseSwatini. 

Tshanda ushone emhlabeni ngo 5 Bhimbidvwane 2019. Kantsi bekaphindze atiwe ngekucala emacembu lafana nabo Dalom Kids, Splash, Matjikosi kanye naPatricia Majalisa. 

## Tinkomba
Sibusiso Mashiloane

**Sibusiso Mash Mashiloane** ngumculi weluhlobo lwe Jazz wase Ningizimu Afrika. Watalwa endzaweni yase Betali, esifundzeni sase Mpumalanga e Ningizimu Afrika.   

## Umlandvo wakhe

Lutsandvo lwemculo lwacala asemncane Mashiloane, kantsi loku kuta emuva kwekutsi adlale etinkundleni letifana nasesontfweni kanye nasemicimbini lehlukahlukene. Utse lapho acedza khona sikolo wabese uyofundzela umculo unyuvesi yakwaZulu Natali lapho waphotfula khona tifundvo takhe waba yingcwele kutemculo we Jazz. Ukhiphe ema album lamatsatfu Mashiloane. Kantsi usebente nebaculi labanyenti bemhlaba wonke jikelele.  

## iDiskografi

* *Rotha*
* *Closer to home*
* *Amanz' olwandle*

## Emarefarensi
Langalibalele

**Langalibalele** (siHlubi: Ilanga liyashisa kakhulu), lobekatiwa ngekutsi nguMtsetfwa (c1814 - 1889), bekayinkosi yemaHlubi, sive seBantfu esifundzeni saKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika.

Watalwa ngesikhatsi sekufika kwebahlali baseYurophu esifundzeni. Ngemuva kwekuphikisana neNkosi Zulu Mpande, wabaleka nebantfu bakhe baya eColony yaseNatali ngo-1848. Phakatsi nekuhamba kwedayimane kuma-1870, linyenti labesilisa belisebenta emayini eKimberley lapho betfola khona tibhamu. Ngo-1873, tiphatsimandla taseNatali tifuna kutsi tibhamu tibhaliswe, Langalibalele wala kantsi lapha kwavela ingcabano, leyaholela ukubitweni kwemabutfo laseYurophu. Langalibalele wabalekela etintsabeni waya eBusololand, kodwa waboshwa wavalelwa eRobben Island. Ekugcineni wabuyela ekhaya, kodvwa waboshelwa endlini.
## Tinkomba
Sitolo saka OK

**Sitolo saka Ok** ngulesinye setitolo letindzala taseNingizimu Afrika lesasungulwa balingani bo Michael Miller kanye na Sam Cohen ngemnyaka wa 1927. Letitolo taka OK solo tikhona nalamuhla kantsi sitolo sekucala sakhiwa lapha endzaweni yase Johannesburg emkhatsini wetitaladi i Eloff kanye ne President. Ngemuva kweminyaka leminyenti letitolo tandza i Ningizimu Afrika yonke tengca likhulu letitolo. Ngekuchubeka kwesikhatsi letitolo taba netinkinga tetimali kantsi ngulapho tatsengwa khona sitolo saka Shoprite. 

## Emarefarensi
Ntfombi Tfwala

**Ntfombi** (born **Ntfombi Tfwala**; 27 December 1949) has been Queen Mother of Eswantini since 1986. She was also regent of Eswatini from 1983 to 1986. She is the mother of King Mswati III.

## Imphilo yasebuntfwaneni kanye nemshado
Ntfombi washada neNkhosi Sobhuza II yase Swatini, lababa nendvodzana naye, UmntfwanaweNkhosi Makhosetive Dlamini.

Ngemnyaka wa 1982 iNkhosi Sobhuza yakhetsa lomunye wemakhosikati ayo, iNdlovukazi Dzeliwe, kutsi abe yiNdlovukati futsi abuse njengembusi lohlangene nalona lotawulandzela. Esikhundleni sekubona lenye yemadvodzana akhe njengendlalifa yakhe, wakhombisa Liqoqo wakhe kutsi ufuna iNkhosi Makhosetive Dlamini kutsi atsatse sikhundla sakhe esihlalweni sebukhosi. Ngenyanga yeNhlaba 1982 waphindze wandzisa ligunya le-Liqoqo, walivumela kutsi asebente njenge "Mkhandlu Lomkhulu Wembuso", lokhululekile kukhetsa "Umuntfu Lobekiwe" kutsi asebentise lilungelo lebukhosi uma umbusi atsatfwa njengaloyo longakhoni kwenta kahle.

## Kubusa kweNdlovukazi Dzeliwe
Kulesikhatsi sekungakhoni kusebenta ngenca yekufa kwaSobhuza II, *Ndlovukati* Dzeliwe waba yiNdlovukazi lengumbambeli ngesikhatsi sekukhetfwa kwendlalifa yesihlalo sebukhosi, kepha Liqoqo, leyakhiwa kakhulu tihlobo letinkhulu teNkhosi Sobhuza, tikhulu kanye nebeluleki, batsatsa ligunya lakhe futsi basusa Ndvunankhulu waSobhuza, iNkhosi Mabandla Dlamini, lebeyesaba kutsi itawutsatsa indzima yabo lensha. Ngesikhatsi iNkhosi Makhosetive Dlamini seyikhule ngalokwanele futsi iba yinkhosi ngalokusemtsetfweni, make wayo bekulindzeleke kutsi akhetfwe njengeNdlovukati lensha. Nomakunjalo, iNdlovukazi Dzeliwe yaboshelwa endlini nga-1983. Ngemuva kwemalanga layimfica ngesikhatsi live libuswa ngumntfwana wenkhosi Sozisa Dlamini, Ntfombi wakhetfwa njengendlovukazi.

## ''Indlovukazi''

Ngemnyaka wa 1986, ngesikhatsi aneminyaka lelishumi nesiphohlongo, Makhosetive wabekwa njengeNkhosi Mswati III. Ngemuva kwekuba yinkhosi, njengelisiko, wamemetela kutsi make wakhe ngu-Indlovukazi (sigaba lesicishe sifanane nemake weNdlovukati, lesihunyushwe ngekutsi yiNdlovukati Lenkhulu) futsi, ngaleyo ndlela, abe yinhloko yembuso. Njengendlovukazi, Ntfombi ubonwa njengenhloko yemoya kanye neyesive, kantsi indvodzana yakhe itsatfwa njengenhloko yembuso.

Sitfombe sa-Indlovukazi sisakateke kabanti eNshonalanga kusukela afakwa eluhlelweni lwetitfombe ta-Andy Warhol ngesikhatsi abambele kubusa indvodzana yakhe, njengalomunye webafati labane lababusako, kanye netindlovukati Beatrix wase-Netherlands, Margrethe II wase-Denmark kanye na-Elizabeth II wase-United Kingdom.
 

## Imibhalo lebhalwe phansi
Dzeliwe Shongwe

**Dzeliwe Shongwe** (watalwa 1927 - 2003) bekayindlovukati yelive lembuso weSwatini.Nakushona inkosi Sobhuza wesibili ngemnyaka wa 1982, bukhosi bekufanele butsatfwe nguMakhosetive kodvwa ngenca yekutsi bekamncane ngaleso sikhatsi, liqoqo lavumelana kutsi tintsambo titobanjwa indlovukati laShongwe kwate kwaba nekungavisisani ngengca yendzaba yaMfanasibili.

## Emarefarensi
LaYaka Ndwandwe

**Layaka Ndwandwe** bekayindlovukati yelive lembuso waseSwatini ngemnyaka wa 1780. Wabamba tintsambo tebuholi bembuso wakaNgwane ngemuva kwekutsi kufe Ngwane wesitsatfu. Layaka waba libambela sikhashane kwate kwakhetfwa Inkosi Ndvungunye esihlalweni. 

## Emarefarensi
Msogwaba

**Msogwaba** lodolobha lelitfolakala endzaweni yasehlanzeni esifundzeni saseMpumalanga.

## Umlandvo

Msogwaba Dlamini bekayindvuna yebukhosi belive lakaNgwane lekwatsi ngemuva kwesikhatsi yaba ngaphansi kweMhlaba weNingizimu Afrika. Indzawo yakaMsogwaba leyincenye yasePienaar yetsiwe ngaMsogwaba.

## Emarefarensi
Seneleleni Ndwandwe

**Seneleleni Ndwandwe ** lophindze atiwe nga Seneleni Nxumalo (wafa ngo 1980) bekayindlovukati yembuso welive laseSwatini aphindze angulomunye webomake benkosi Sobhuza II. Kantsi sesi wakhe bekungu Zihlathi Ndwandwe.

## Emarefarensi
Wiseman Meyiwa

**Wiseman Meyiwa** (watalwa 27 Ingongoni 1999) ngumdlali welibhola letinyawo lesekatsetse umhlala phansi. Meyiwa udlalele emacembu lafana nabo Kaizer Chiefs kanye nelicembu lesive laseNingizimu Afrika iBafana Bafana. Ngemnyaka wa 2018 wacindzeteleleka kutsi ayekele kudlala ibhola aneminyaka lengu 19 ngemuva kwekutfola ingoti yemoto leyamshiya akhubatekile. 

## Emarefarensi
Bukhomanisi

**Bukhomanisi** lihlelo lepolitiki lesimo senhlangano yemphakatsi lapho imphahla kanye netidzingancanti tilawulwa 
tiphindze tabelwe emalunga emphakatsi wonkhe. 

## Umlandvo
Indlela yekubusa ngebukhomanisi yacalwa ingcwele kutefilosofi wase Fransi Victor d'Hupay la abhala khona ebhukwini lakhe lelatiwa nge (Project for a Philosophical Community) ngemnyaka wa 1777. Hupay uchaza ngetintfo letingenta kutsi kube nekulingana kwebantfu emphakatsini. 

## Tinkomba
Glayton Modise

**Glayton Modise** bekangumholi welibandla le International Pentecostal Holiness Church (IPHC). Lelibandla linemalunga labalelwa etigidzini letintsatfu lokulenta lelinye lemasontfo lamakhulukati eNingizimu Afrika kanye nasevenikati leAfrika. 

## Ebuncaneni bakhe

Glayton watalelwa eMeadowlands eSoweto kantsi bekangena esontfweni lase Zion Christian Church ( ZCC) kanye nababe wakhe lobekangumfundisi kulelosontfo. Kwatsi ngemnyaka wa 1962 waphuma e ZCC umdeni wakaModise wavula libandla lekucala khona eSoweto, kukhona lapha Glayton bekahola lamanye emalunga e IPHC lamacange, kantsi ngulapho wafundza khona ngetebuholi belibandla.  

## Buholi belibandla

Ngemuva kwekufa kwababe wakhe wabese uhola onke emabandla e IPHC kantsi ngulapho lelibandla lakhula khona laba nemalunga lamanyenti ngemuva kwekutsi Glayton atsi ubonisiwe nguNkulunkulu ngekukhula kwalelibandla. Emuva kwekushona kwa Glayton kwabese kuba khona umbango ebantfaneni bakhe ngoba akamange ashiye silawulo sekwabela lifa lakhe.  

## Emarefarensi
Tibati Nkambule

**Tibati Madvolomafisha Nkambule** bekayindlovukati yelive lembuso weSwatini kusukela ngemnyaka wa 1889 kuya ku 1894 kulandzela kufa kwenkosi Mbandzeni. Tibati bekatiwa njengendlovukati legcine emasiko esive  semaSwati kantsi wabamba bukhosi ngetikhatsi tetingucuko eSwatini kanye nasevenikati le Afrika lapho khona imitsetfo yangesheya kwelwandle kanye nemfundvo beyibanesandla lesikhulu kutepolitiki yangaleso sikhatsi endzaweni yakaNgwane. 

## Tinkomba
Lomawa Ndwandwe

**laNgolotsheni (Lomawa) Ndwandwe** (wafa 1938)  bekayindlovukati yelive lembuso weSwatini. Lomawa bekayinkosikati yenkosi Mahlokohla (Ngwane V), kantsi bekangu make wenkosi Sobhuza wesibili (Nkhotfotjeni). Kwatsi ngekudlula emhlabeni kwaMahlokohla Lomawa wakhetfwa liqoqo kubafelokati benkosi kutsi kutoba nguye lolibamba lebukhosi, kantsi ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi indvodzana yakhe Nkhotfotjeni wabekwa njengenkosi yesive semaSwati.

## Tinkomba
Nduduzo Makhathini

**Nduduzo Makhathini** (Watalwa 24 Ingci 1982) ngumculi waseNingizimu Afrika weluhlobo lwemculo we Jazz. Makhathini uwine emacwecwe lamanyenti emculweni weJazz kantsi usebente nebaculi labanyenti labatiwako labafaka phakatsi bo Zim Ngqawana, Feya Feku, McCoy Mrubata. 

## iDisckografi
* *Mother Tongue* (Gundu 2014, mit Sakhile Simani, Mthunzi Mvubu, Linda Sikhakhane, Ariel Zamonsky, Benjamin Jeptha, Ayanda Sikade)
* *Sketches of Tomorrow* (Gundu 2014, bekanabo: Sakhile Simani, Mthunzi Mvubu, Jonathan Crossley, Ayanda Sikade)
* *Listening to the Ground* (Gundu 2015)
* *Matunda Ya Kwanza* (Gundu 2015)
* *Icilongo – The African Peace Suite* (Gundu 2016, mit Sakhile Moleshe, Justin Bellairs, Shabaka Hutchings, Benjamin Jeptha, Ayanda Sikade)
* *Inner Dimensions - Umgidi Trio & One Voice Vocal Ensemble * (2016, bekanabo: Fabien Iannone, Dominic Egli, Lisette Spinnler, Jule Fahrer u. a.)
* *Ikhambi* (Universal South Africa, 2018) 

## Tinkomba