open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
I-Congress of the People

**I-Congress of the People** (**COPE**) licembu lepolitiki lase Ningizimu Afrika lelasungulwa ngemnyaka wa-2008 ngemalunga e-African National Congress (ANC) labafaka phakatsi Mosiuoa Lekota, Mbhazima Shilowa kanye na Mluleki George . Lelicembu lamenyetelwa ngemuva kwemhlangano wavelonkhe lobewubanjelwe eSandton mhlaka 1 Novemba 2008, futsi lasungulwa emhlanganweni lobewubanjwe eBloemfontein mhlaka 16 Disemba 2008. Leligama liveta i-Congress of the People yanga-1955 lapho khona i-Freedom Charter yamukelwa yi-ANC kanye nalamanye emacembu, ligama lebeliphikiswa kakhulu yi-ANK ngesinyatselo lesisemtsetfweni lesasuswa yiNkantolo lePitoli.
I-Pan Africanist Congress yase-Azania

**I-Pan Africanist Congress** of Azania (leyatiwa ngekutsi **I-PAC** Africanista Congress (PAC) licembu lepolitiki laseNingizimu Afrika , kantsi ngulelinye lemacembu etepolitiki leladlala indzima lenkulu ekulweni nenkhululeko yebantfu labamnyama. Lelicembu lasungulwa nguRobert Sobukwe, ngemuva kwekushiya licembu le I-African National Congress (ANC) ngemnyaka wa-1959, njengoba i-PAC beyimelene ne-ANC "live ngelabo bonkhe labahlala kulo labamhlophe nalabamnyama" futsi bebangavumelani nembono webuhlanga lobunyenti, esikhundleni saloko belikhutsata iNingizimu Afrika lesekelwe ebuveni base-Afrika.
I-Al Jama-ah

**I-Al Jama-ah** (Arabic الجماعة, lit. ') licembu lepolitiki lase Ningizimu Afrika. Kantsi lingulelinye lemacembu lamancane lelasungulwa ngemnyaka wa 2007 ngumholi Ganief Hendricks langenela lukhetfo lwavelonkhe lwanga-2009, 2014 na-2019.

Lelicembu lihlose kusekela timfuno temaSulumane kanye nekusekela Umtsetfo weShari'a. Fulegi ye-Al Jama-ah inesitfombe lesimhlophe (ج, leligama lekucala le-Arabhu), endzaweni lenemibala leminye yemaSulumane. Ngemnyaka wa 2023, lilunga lelicembu Thapelo Amad waba nguMengameli wase Johannesburg.
Sento

Tento tiyehluka ngeluhlobo, futsi luhlobo ngalunye luncunywa tinhlobo temagama lahambisana nato kanye nebudlelwane lawo magama. Kuhlukaniswe lokungenani letimphikiswano tabo te-valency, imvamisa kuye kutsi tinhlobo letine letisisekelo tehlukaniswe: Tento letingagucuki, tento letigucukako, tento letigucukako kanye netento letigucukako letiphindvwe kabili. Letinye tento tinekusetjentiswa lokukhetsekile kweluhlelo lwelulwimi ngako-ke tiyaphelelisa. Sento lesitsi *kwenta* lesisetjentiselwa *kwenta* -kusekela ekubuteni nasekuphikeni; kanye nesikhatsi noma tici letisitako, sibonelo, *be*, *have* noma *can*. Ngetulu kwaloko tento tingapheli futsi tingagucuki ngemuntfu, inombolo, sikhatsi, njalonjalo.), emafomu lakhetsekile njenge **-infinitives, ema-participle** noma **ema-gerunds** .
Sivumelwane Selubandlululo

**I-Patriotic Alliance** (PA) licembu lepolitiki lase Ningizimu Afrika, lelasungulwa nga-2013 ngu-Gayton McKenzie na-Kenny Kunene, lobekanguthishela wesiNgisi lowaba ngumtsengisi.Lelicembu ngalesikhatsi limemetela kutsi lihlose kuhlanganyela elukhetfweni lwavelonkhe kanye nelwesifundza lwanga-2014 eNingizimu Afrika, ngekunaka kakhulu sifundza sase Western Cape, nanobe litawuphindze lifune kuba khona eFree State, eGauteng, INyakatfo yeKapa nase North West. Ngenyanga yeNdlovu emnyakeni wa-12, 2013 lelicembu lakhokha imali yekukhokhela i-Independent Electoral Commission kutsi lihlanganyele esiveni sonkhe nasetifundzeni letine mhlaka-7 Inkhwenkhweti 2014. 

Ku-website yayo lesemtsetfweni nakuletinye tindzawo, lelicembu litibeke njengentfo lecotfo I-Democratic Alliance (DA), lelicembu lelibusako eWestern Cape, kanye ne-African National Congress, lelibusa lelive lonkhe. Lamacembu, ngekulandzelana, asusa i-PA njengentfo lengasongelako futsi atsi ngekubona kwawo lelicembu litawunyamalala esimeni setembusave futsi lingenti "inikela lenkhulu ekukhulumeni kutepolitiki", lokwakubonakala kutsi kunjalo "ngemacembu lamancane" endvulo eNingizimu Afrika.
Indzawo Yekwetfula Tinsita

**I-Forum 4 Service Delivery** (F4SD) licembu lepolitiki lase INingizimu Afrika lelasungulwa ngemnyaka wa-2015 kute kucatululwe tinkinga letifana nemanti, kuhlanta, tindlu, imitsetfo yekufika, imfundvo kanye nebantfwana labaya esikolweni ngaphandle kweticatfulo. Lelicembu labhalisa kutsi litawuncintisana elukhetfweni lwabomasipala baseNingizimu Afrika lwanga-2016 etifundzeni letisihlanu: iNyakatfo yeNshonalanga, iMpumalanga, iNorthern Cape, I-Gauteng neLimpopo.Lelicembu langenela Lukhetfo lwahulumende wasemakhaya lwanga-2016, lawina tihlalo letingu-31, letingu-29 esifundzeni saseNyakatfo Nshonalanga, kanye nayinye eMpumalanga nase Free State. 

Lelicembu liphindze langenela lukhetfo lwanga-2019. kwehluleka kutfola sikhundla. Intfo lefunwa kakhulu ngulelicembu emkhankasweni wabo wanga-2019 bekukwenta imisebenti lephutfumako kubantfu kanye nekukhishwa kwabo bonkhe lababuya kulamanye emave.
Bantfu Bantfu Labakhulu

**I-Bantu Batho** Congress licembu lepolitiki lase Ningizimu Afrika lelasungulwa ngu-Philani 'PG' Mavundla.Lelicembu litibita ngekutsi yi-Afrocentric, Pan-Africanist kanye ne-feminist revolutionary movement.

Ngenyanga yaBhimbidvwane 2021, Mandisa Mashego lobekangumholi we-Economic Freedom Fighters Gauteng wajoyina lelicembu lelisha.

Lelicembu langenela lukhetfo lwaMasipala waseNingizimu Afrika lwanga-2021, labhekene neDurban kanye ne-eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality.
African People's Convention

**I-African People**'s Convention licembu lepolitiki lase Ningizimu Afrika lelasungulwa ngu-Themba Godi,nga 2007 lobekangumsekela wemholi we-Pan-Afriqueist Congress of Azania (PAC) ngemtsetfo wekwewela phansi, mhlaka 4 Inyoni 2007. Godi wahamba kanye nabameleli lababili kuphela be-PAC, I-Eastern Cape MPL Zingisa Mkabile kanye I-Gauteng MPL Malesela Ledwaba. Godi ngumholi we-APC. Lelicembu lahlala lihlala esihlalweni salo ePhalamende yaVelonkhe elukhetfweni lwanga-2009, nanobe lalahlekelwa bameleli balo bobabili kutikhulu tetishayamtsetfo taseGauteng nase Eastern Cape.

Yabamba sikhundla sayo elukhetfweni lwanga-2014, kepha yalahlekelwa sikhundla saso eLukhetfo lwanga-2019.

Njenge-PAC, umbono welicembu ukhanga ngalokusemtsetfweni kuma- "Africanists, Pan Africanists kanye nema-socialists".
Independent Civic Organisation of South Africa

**I-Independent Civic Organisation of South Africa** (**ISANCO**) licembu lelincane lepolitiki lase INingizimu Afrika Yasungulwa ngu Truman Prince, lobekangumphatsi weKaroo District Municipality, lowacoshwa I-African National Congress (ANC) nga-2006. Wabuyiselwa esikhundleni sekuba ngumphatsi wamasipala ngumkhandlu wamasipala ngenyanga yeNhlaba, emnyakeni wa 2007, ngemuva kwemphi yetemtsetfo lendze, kepha wacoshwa esikhundleni sakhe ngenyanga yeNgci ngalowo mnyaka ngelukhetfo lwesifundza. Jeffrey Donson, lobekangumdlali I-National People's Party (NPP), ungumengameli we-ICOSA. I-Democratic Alliance/ICOSA yacala kubusa eKannaland Local Municipality ngenyanga yeNgci 2006 ngesikhatsi sivumelwano lesifishane lesiholwa yi-ANC kanye ne-DA siwela phansi. 

Kuhlangana kwe DA ne-ICOSA kwabhidlika ngesikhatsi emakhansela lamabili e-ICOSA kanye nemakhansela lamatsatfu e-ANC ewela phansi aniketa i-NPP tihlalo letisihlanu kuletisishiyagalolunye kumkhandlu nobe linyenti lelicondzile (lokukuphela kwemkhandlu lonjalo e-SA lebewubuswa ngulelicembu lelisha ngaleso sikhatsi). I-DA ayizange ivume kuphatsa lokusha kwe-NPP njengoba beyikhuluma ngekutsi lababili labaphuma ku-ICOSA bacoshwa ngaphambi kwekutsi lifasitelo lelisetulu livuleke futsi babekwa insayeya Inkantolo lePhakeme yaseKapa Ngaleyo ndlela, lobekangumphatsi welidolobha wala "kwehla" kudzimate kufike umphumela welicala, lokwabangela kungaciniseki kanye nekungahlaliseki kulomkhandlu lohluphekile.
I-Cape Coloured Congress

**I-Cape Coloured Congress** licembu lepolitiki lase Ningizimu Afrika leliholwa ngu-Fadiel Adams, umsunguli we-Gatvol Capetonian Movement. Lelicembu lasungulwa ngenyanga yeNgci 2020 futsi ligcile etindzabeni letitsintsa bantfu labamnyama baseNingizimu Afrika eWestern Cape.Lelicembu lisekela kubuyiselwa kwesigwebo sekufa, i-Cape Independence, kuvalwa kwemfundvo lephelele yetemacansi etikolweni kanye nekuhlangana kwemmango kuwo onkhe emacembu lamancane eNingizimu Afrika.

Lelicembu langenela Lukhetfo lwaMasipala lwanga-2021 na-Adams lobekangumcashi welicembu lekuba ngumphatsi weLidolobha laseKapa. Lelicembu litfole tihlalo letisikhombisa eKapa kanye nesihlalo sinye kuMasipala wase Saldanha Bay.
I-United Christian Democratic Party

**I-United Christian Democratic Party** licembu lelincane lepolitiki INingizimu Afrika Yasungulwa ngu Lucas Mangope, umholi we-Bophuthatswana Bantustan nga-1997, njengentfo lelandzela i-Tswana National Party, futsi beyiholwa nguye eminyakeni lelishumi nesihlanu yekucala yekuphila kwayo. Mavis Matladi wakhetfwa njengemholi wayo mhlaka 29 Januwari 2011 ngemuva kwekucoshwa kwa Mangope. Matladi washona ngaDecember 2011. Isaac Sipho Mfundisi wakhetfwa kutsi abe ngumengameli ngeMgcibelo, mhlaka 7 kuBhimbidvwane 2012.

Mfundisi walandzelwa nguMengameli Modiri Desmond Sehume lowakhetfwa ku-Federal Congress ngemnyaka wa 2019.   &#x5B;**&#x5D;

Lusito lolukhulu lwalelicembu luvela esifundzeni sase North West (lapho bekukhona khona iBophuthatswana lendzala), futsi lincane kakhulu kuletinye tindzawo kulelive. I-UCDP beyiyincenye lesemtsetfweni yekuphikisana I-African National Congress esifundzeni sase North West nga-1999 na-2004, kepha yehla yaba yesine kusishayamtsetfo sesifundza nga-2009, futsi yalahlekelwa ngito tonkhe tihlalo tayo kusishayamthetho sesifundza nga-2014.
Team Sugar South Africa

**I-Team Sugar l**icembu lepolitiki lase Ningizimu Afrika lelisenyakatfo yeKwaZulu-Natal. I-Economic Freedom Fighters yacala kusebenta njengenhlangano yetisebenti kanye neyetenhlalakahle lebeyinaka kakhulu emalungelo etisebenti tasemafektri. Lelicembu liyincenye yelicembu lelibusako e-Newcastle, nemholi Musa Thwala njengeSekela laMengameli.

## Imiphumela yelukhetfo
Lelicembu lacala kubamba lichaza elukhetfweni lwaMasipala lwanga-2021, lawina tihlalo letisikhombisa kuMasipala waseNewcastle, tihlalo letintsatfu kuMasipala wase-Amajuba kanye nayinye kuMasipala waseDannhauser.

Lelicembu latfola sikhundla sekuba sesikhundleni elukhetfweni lwase-Newcastle ngemuva kwekutsi umlingani walo, I-Inkatha Freedom Party, avume kusekela umuntfu lowakhetfwa.
I-Plaaslike Besorgde In dominante

**I-Plaaslike Besorgde In dominante** (Concerned Local Residents) licembu lelincane lepolitiki lelisedolobheni laseGeorge, INingizimu Afrika Lelicembu ligcile enkhohlakalweni, futsi langenela lukhetfo lwaMasipala lwanga-2016, latfola 3.3% wemavoti ekumelwa endzaweni yaseGeorge, futsi latfola tihlalo letimbili kuMasipala wasendzaweni yaseGeorge. Ngemnyaka wa 2021, lelicembu lakhuphula loku kwaba ngu-10% netihlalo letisihlanu, laphindze latfola sihlalo kuKnysna Local Municipality.

Ngenyanga yaBhimbidvwane 2018, umholi welicembu Virgil Gericke wacela kutsi Masipala wasendzaweni yase George ufakwe ngaphansi kwekuphatsa ngemuva kwekulwa ngekhatsi kwe-Democratic Alliance lebusako kanye nekwehluleka kwalelicembu kukhetsa emakhansela latawungena esikhundleni ngemuva kwekucoshwa kwe Sikhulumi selikhansela, i-Chief Whip kanye nemakhansela lamane nguNdvuna yeMbuso wasendzaweni, Anton Bredell.

Lelicembu langenela lukhetfo lwanga-2019 eNingizimu Afrika esifundzeni sase I-Eastern Cape nase I-Western Cape kuphela, alizange litfole sikhundla.
Bolsheviks Party of South Africa

**I-Bolshevik Party** yase Ningizimu Afrika licembu lepolitiki lase Ningizimu Afrika lelisedolobheni lase Limpopo. Ikhankasela kutsi kube nekulingana, nekutsi indzawo yaseMoutse isuswe eLimpopo iye esifundzeni saseMpumalanga.

Lelicembu lancintisana elukhetfweni lwaMasipala lwanga-2016, lawina tihlalo letintsatfu kuMasipala wasendzaweni wase-Elias Motsoaledi (incenye yeMasipala Wesigodzi sase-Sekhukhune), waphindze wancintisana nelukhetfo lwanga-2019 esifundzeni sase-Limpopo, ehluleka kuwina sihlalo.
I-United Independent Movement

**I-United Independent Movement** (**UIM**) licembu lepolitiki lase INingizimu Afrika lelasungulwa ngu-Neil de Beer, lobekangumeluleki wetekuphepha wa-Nelson Mandela futsi lobekangumsebentisi we-Mkhonto we Sizwe. Lelicembu lacalwa njengenhlangano yemphakatsi ngemuva kwekutsi de Beer alahlekelwe kukholwa I-African National Congress (ANC). 

## Kuceceshwa
Lenhlangano isekela luhlelo lwekukhetfwa kwebantfu kulelive. Ngekushesha ngemuva kwekusungulwa kwayo, umholi I-Democratic Alliance (DA) Mmusi Maimane wamemetela budlelwane lobuhle nelicembu lakhe le-One South Africa.De Beer wamemetela ngenyanga yeLweti nga-2020 kutsi uhlose kuba nguMengameli lomncane kunabo bonkhe eNingizimu Afrika.

## Imikhankaso yelukhetfo

Lelicembu labhalisa elukhetfweni lwaMasipala waseNingizimu Afrika lwanga-2021, futsi liyancintisana nemamitha lasiphohlongo kanye nemawadi la-1000, kantsi de Beer nguye lotawukhetfwa kutsi abe nguMengameli waseKapa. I-UIM yatfola tihlalo letintsatfu te-METRO ku-LGE ya-2021 ngaphansi kwebuholi be-National Election Coordinator Brett Mario Correia: sihlalo sinye eGoli, e-Etekwini naseDolobheni laseKapa. NgaSeptemba 2021, Kenny Niemach, lobekangumdlali webhola yetinyawo, wamemetela kutsi ujoyine i-UIM futsi utawumelela lelicembu elukhetfweni lwaMasipala njengembutsisi esigodzini saseWard 31 (Boksburg) e-Ekurhuleni. Niemach watsi ungena kutepolitiki hhayi kuhlasela licembu nobe luhlanga kepha kute akhutsate lushintjo eluhlelweni futsi afune kutsi tinsita tiniketwe. Wakhuluma ngekuhlanganyela kwa de Beer emiphakatsini yendzawo ngekumkhutsata kutsi ajoyine i-UIM.

I-UIM yaba ngeyesitfupha kumacembu langu-56 eDolobheni laseKapa, yaba ngeyesitsatfu nesikhombisa kumacembu langemashumi layimfica nesikhombisa laphikisako eSifundzeni saseWestern Cape futsi yaba ngeyesisishiyagalolunye kulamacembu langema-325 laphikisane eveni lonkhe.   &#x5B;**&#x5D;

Ngenyanga yeNdlovu 2021, de Beer watsi ngesikhatsi kucociswana naye kutsi yena nebasekeli bakhe "bakhatsatekile" nge "ultra-left and the ultra-right" kutembusave base Ningizimu Afrika nekutsi yena nelicembu lakhe batawumelela "labalinganiselako".

Njengencenye yemkhankhaso wakhe wekuba nguMengameli waseKapa, nga-Agasti 2021 de Beer watsi ukholelwa kutsi imbangela lebalulekile yebugebengu simo lesibi setenhlalo netemnotfo, lokumele kucatululwe, kepha ngesikhatsi lesifanako, waphindze watsi yena ne-UIM batawuba nendlela "yekungabeketelelani" nebudlova belicembu kanye "nebuphekula basekhaya". NgaSeptemba 2021, de Beer watsi imigomo lemibili leyamenta washiya i-ANC kwaba kuhlanyelwa kwe-Reserve Bank kanye nemhlaba ngaphandle kwesincephetelo, imigomo de Beer bekakholelwa kutsi yabulala i-Foreign Direct Investment eNingizimu Afrika. De Beer uphakamisa kutsi iNingizimu Afrika kufanele itfole imali ngekutfumela ngaphandle bese ibuyisela imali etimbonini tendzawo.
Lushintjo Lentsandvo yelinyenti Lase-Afrika

**I-African Democratic Change (ADeC) ** licembu lepolitiki lase Ningizimu Afrika. Yasungulwa mhlaka 1 Disemba 2017 ngu Makhosi Khoza, lobekake waba lilunga lePhalamende le-African National Congress. Khoza washiya lelicembu ngaMabasa 2018. Lelicembu nyalo liholwa nguVisvin Reddy.Makhosi Khoza washiya sikhundla sakhe sekuba lilunga lePhalamende le-African National Congress mhlaka 21 Inyoni 2017 kute ayewuhlanganyela emkhankasweni wekulwa nenkhohlakalo eNingizimu Afrika.

## Kuceceshwa
Kuyekela kwakhe sikhundla kwenteka ngemuva kwetinyanga tekugceka Mengameli we-ANC Jacob Zuma kanye nekumcela kutsi ashiye sikhundla sakhe. Ngemuva kwesimemetelo, kwacala kucatjangelwa kutsi Khoza utawakha licembu lelisha lepolitiki. Imibiko yekucala ngaNovemba 2017, yaveta kutsi Khoza utawubita licembu lakhe lelisha lepolitiki ngekutsi yi- "Change". I-African Democratic Change (ADeC) yasungulwa mhlaka 1 Disemba 2017. Khoza bekaphikelela ngekutsi licembu lakhe lelisha angeke liwe.

Ngemuva kwekwetfulwa kwalomdlalo, I-African National Congress yagxeka i-Khoza ngekwenta i-logo ye-ADeC ibukeke ifana ne-logo yeMhlangano weSive wase-Africa. Khoza walahla letinkhulumo.

Nga-Ephreli 2018, tinyanga letine ngemuva kwekusungulwa kwalelicembu, Khoza washiya sikhundla sakhe sekuba ngumholi welicembu. Sihlalo welicembu, Moses Mayekiso, wamlandzela njengemholi.
Inhlangano Yetakhamuti Letincono

**I-Better Residents Association** licembu lelincane lepolitiki laseNingizimu Afrika lelasungulwa ngemalunga I-African National Congress langenetiseki nga-2011. Lelicembu lacalwa kwakhiwa njenge-Bushbuckridge Residents Association, lelicembu lashintja ligama lalo kute likwati kubamba lukhetfo kuto tonkhe tifundza.

NgaFebhuwari 2017, umengameli welicembu, Delta Mokoena, wacala kugwetjwa iminyaka lelishumi ejele ngenca yekungalaleli. Wabekwa licala ngemnyaka wa 2013 ngekusongela ngekushisa sakhamuti kanye nendlu yaso nangabe lendvodza, lebemsola ngekutsi inelisela ngesikhatsi ayindvodzana, ingasuki kuleyo ndzawo.

## Kukhatsateka

Lelicembu libekwe licala 'lekudala kubusa kwekwesaba', kusebentisa tinkantolo te-kangaroo, kuhlupha tigebengu letisolwa, kanye nekucosha takhamuti letilibekwe licala lekutsi tingulumbi nobe titsi titsi titisolo taSathane.
Azanian People's Organisation

**I-Azanian People's Organisation** (AZAPO) yinhlangano yenkhululeko kanye nepolitiki yase Ningizimu Afrika kanye nelicembu lepolitiki. Ngulenye yemacembu etembusave leyadlala indzima lenkulu ekulweni nembuso welibandlululo. Lelicembu lasungulwa ngekuhlanganisa emacembu lamabili ebafundzi alenhlangano yi-Azanian Students' Movement (AZASM) yebafundzi besikolwa lesiphakeme bese kutsi lelinye libutfwe bafundzi basenyuvesi lelibitwa ngekutsi yi-Azana Students' Convention (AZasCO), licembu lebesifazane yi-Imbeleko Women's Organisation, lelatiwa ngekutsi yi-IMBELEKO.Umklamo wayo utsatfwe ku-Black Consciousness Movement leyasungulwa ngu-Steve Biko, Harry Nengwekhulu, Abram Onkgopotse Tiro, Vuyelwa Mashalaba kanye nalabanye, kanye ne-Marxist Scientific Socialism.

## Umlandvo
I-AZAPO yasungulwa tinhlangano letatiwako tebantfu labamnyama letifaka ekhatsi i-Black People's Convention (BPC), i-South African Students' Organisation (SASO) kanye ne-Black Community Programmes (BCP). Leti bekutinkampani letintsatfu kuletingu-17 letativimbela bantfu labamnyama ngaLesitsatfu, mhlaka 19 Imphala 1977 ngenca yendzima yato ekuvukeleni kwase Soweto mhlaka 16 Inhlaba 1976. Ngemuva kwemnyaka kwakhiwa kwe-AZAPO, ngenyanga yeNyoni emnyakeni wa-1979, emhlanganweni wayo eRoodepoort, Sigungu Lesiphetse saVelonkhe sakhetfwa naCurtis Nkondo kutsi abe ngumengameli waso.Ngemnyaka wa 1987, i-AZAPO yavalwa nguhulumende wase Ningizimu Afrika futsi yaphocelelwa kutsi ingene ngekubhaca.: 436 Bekungeke kuvinjelwe nga-1990.: 436 Nga-Okthoba 1994, i-AZAPO yahlangana nenhlangano lehlobene nayo lebeyitfunjiwe, i-Black Consciousness Movement of I-Azania (BCMA).: 436 : 436 

I-AZAPO yakhankhasela kutsi iNingizimu Afrika ihlukaniswe ngesikhatsi selubandlululo ngekwenta "kuvalwa kwemasiko" kulelive; bantfu labamnyama batfola kutimisela kwabo kulwela inkhululeko yabo futsi basungula tinyonyane tetisebenti kanye netinhlangano temphakatsi.
Abram Onkgopotse Tiro

**Onkgopotse Tiro** (November 9, 1945 - February 1, 1974) bekanguthishela wase Ningizimu Afrika kantsi bekaphindze abe lilunga le-black consciousness. Watalwa eDinokana, lidolobhana lelincane lelisedvute ne Zeerust. Wakhishwa e-University of the North (nyalo leyatiwa ngekutsi yi-University yase Limpopo) ngemnyaka wa 1972 ngenca yemisebenti yakhe yetembusave. Enyuvesi waba lilunga lelikhutsele le-South African Student Organisation (SASO), lapho khona i-Black Consciousness Movement yakhula.

Ngemuva kwekucoshwa kwakhe eNyuvesi yaseNyakatfo nga-1972, ngemuva kwekugceka kwakhe uMtsetfo weMfundvo yeBantu wanga-1953, wachubeka wafundzisa umlandvo e-Morris Isaacson High School eJabavu (CWJ) eSoweto nga-1973. Tsietsi Mashinini, lobekayincenye lebalulekile yelitfutfuva lwango-1976, bekangulomunye webafundzi ngesikhatsi afundzisa eMorris Isaacson, futsi bafundzi bakhe labanyenti bakhumbula umtselela wakhe kutembusave ngesikhatsi seluhlelo lwebafundzi emlandvweni waseNingizimu Afrika.

## Kufa
Tiro wabulawa libhomu leliphasela I-Botswana nga-1974.
Kudutjulwa kwase Lewiston nga-2023

**Kudutjulwa kwebantfu base-Lewiston** nga-2023 Kudutjulwa kabili lokwenteka mhlaka-25 Imphala 2023, etindzaweni letimbili eLewiston, e-Maine, eMelika, kwafa bantfu labangu-19 kufaka phakatsi umdubuli kwalimala labanye labangu-13. Umdlalo wekucala wekudubula wenteka endzaweni yekubhola ngesikhatsi semdlalo we-youth league, kantsi umdlalo wesibili wekudubula kwenteka ngemuva kwemizuzu letsite endzaweni yekudlela.

Kusihlwa nga-Okthoba 25, 2023, Kudutjulwa lokukhulu kwenteka etindzaweni letimbili eLewiston, e-Maine, eMelika. Bantfu labalishumi nesiphohlongo babulawa kantsi labanye labalishumi nakutsatfu balimala. Lihhovisi leMnumzane weSifundza sase-Androscoggin likhiphe sitfombe salosolwa, futsi kufunwa kwebantfu kuyachubeka. Nga-Okthoba 26, kwakhishwa imvumo yekubopha umsolwa, kukhulunywa ngetinsolo letisiphohlongo tekufa.
Setha mobil

Ukufunda ngemoto kuyinqubo yokufunda eyenziwa ngumuntu ukuze athole amakhono nolwazi oludingekayo ukushayela imoto enezithuthuthu, ikakhulukazi imoto. Phakathi nenqubo yokufunda imoto, abantu bazofunda izici ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene nokushayela, okuhlanganisa ukuqonda imithetho yomgwaqo, izimpawu zomgwaqo, izindlela zokushayela ngokuphephile, nolwazi lokusebenzisa imoto ngendlela efanele.

Inqubo yokufunda imoto ngokuvamile ihilela inhlanganisela yokufunda ithiyori kanye nokufunda okusebenzayo. Ukufunda ithiyori kuhlanganisa ukuqonda imithetho yomgwaqo, izimpawu zomgwaqo, neminye imiqondo ebalulekile ehlobene nokushayela. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukufunda izincwadi zokufunda, ukuya emakilasini etiyetha, noma ukusebenzisa ezinye izinsiza zemfundo ezifana namavidiyo okufundisa.

Ngokungeziwe ekufundeni kwethiyori, kursus mengemudi pekanbaru abantu abafunda ngezimoto bazophinde bazibandakanye ekufundeni okungokoqobo emgwaqeni. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukushayela imoto ngaphansi kokugadwa umqeqeshi onolwazi noma umeluleki. Phakathi namaseshini angokoqobo, abantu bazofunda ngokulawula imoto, ukusetshenziswa kwe-accelerator, ibhuleki, nama-clutch pedals (uma imoto ingeyezandla), bafunde amasu okupaka, ukuphenduka, nokunye ukuqondisa, futhi bathuthukise ikhono lokubona nokuphendula ngendlela efanele ezimweni. emgaqweni.

Inqubo yokufunda ukushayela ngokuvamile ihilela ukuthatha isifundo noma uhlelo lokuqeqesha olunikezwa isikole sokushayela noma isikhungo esihlobene. sewa alat pekanbaru Kwamanye amazwe, labo abazoba abashayeli kufanele baphumelele izivivinyo zethiyori nezokusebenza ukuze bathole imvume yokushayela esemthethweni.

Ukufunda ukushayela kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuzilungiselela ukuba umshayeli ophephile futhi oqotho. Ngesikhathi sokufunda, abantu bazothuthukisa amakhono okushayela adingekayo ukuze babhekane nezimo ezihlukahlukene emgwaqeni, baqonde ukubaluleka kokuphepha emgwaqeni, futhi bafake ngaphakathi imigomo yokushayela okunesimilo.
Jovia Mutesi

**Jovia Mutesi** (watalwa nga-1992) uyindlovukati yesihlanu yebukhosi bakaBusoga kusukela nga-1939.

## Imphilo yasebuntfwaneni kanye nemfundvo
Mutesi ngumntfwana wekucala kantsi uyindvodzakati yaStanley Bayole naRebecca Nakisita Bayole. Babe wakhe unguKhomishane Wesigodzi saseBulambuli, Sihlalo weMkhandlu Wendzawo Wekucala (LC1) we St. Matia Mulumba.Waphindze waba ngusihlalo we-LC3 we-Mayuge Town Council. Uvela esiveni saseBaise - Mugosa lesinemfanekiso we-Egret.

watfola I-Bachelor of Arts in Economics I-Makerere University, wase ufundza i-accounting kanye ne-financial eNkozi University.

## Umshado
Jovia Mutesi wamenyetelwa njenge Inhebantu wase Busonga mhlaka  Inyoni 2023 eBusoga Head Quarter ngu Joseph Muvawala.

Washada William Gabula Nadiope IV mhlaka 18 Novemba 2023 eChrist's Church Cathedral edolobheni laseJinJa. Umcimbi wabo wemshado waba se-Igenge Palace eJinja mhlaka 18 Novemba 2023. Ngemuva kwekutsi William Gabula avakashele batali ba Mutesi ekhaya labokhokho bakhe esigodzini sase Mayuge emcimbini wesintfu wangasese.

## Buka futsi

* Ema-Inhebantu aseBusoga
* William Gabula
* Basoga
* Indlovukazi Sylvia waseBuganda
* Indlovukazi Lencono Kakhulu Kemigisa
* Imishado yasebukhosini yaseBusoga

## Tinkomba
Cesar Chavez

**Cesar Chavez** (lMarch 31, 1927 - April 23, 1993) bekangumholi webasebenti waseMelika kantsi aphindze abe ngumholi webasebenti basemaplasini. Chavez bekalwela emalungelo ebantfu labasebenta emaplasini kanye na Dolores Huerta, wasungula i-National Farm Workers Association (NFWA), leyagcina ihlanganiswe ne-Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee (AWOC) yaba yinyonyane yetisebenti ye-United Farm Workers (UFW). Ngekwemibono, umbono wakhe wemhlaba wahlanganisa tepolitiki kanye neTimfundziso temaKatolika.

## Tinkomba
Anosibe Ambohiby

I-**Anosibe Ambohiby** yindzawo yasemakhaya leseMadagascar lekhashane ngemakhilomitha lasiphohlongo nenyakatfo-mpumalanga ye-Antaniditra. Kantsi lendzawo itfolakala emgodzini  we-Ambohiby Massif. I-Anosibe Ambohiby ihunyushwe ngekutsi "Sichingi Lesikhulu", leyetsiwe ngemifudlana letungeleta lesigodzi kuto tonkhe tinhlangotsi letine. Iyincenye yesifundza sase Moramanga, lesiyincenye yeSifundza sase-Alaotra-Mangoro.

I-Anosibe Ambohiby yasungulwa nga-2008 balimi base-Betsileo labavela eSifundzeni saseManandriana, emakhilomitha lacishe abe ngu-380 (240 mi) ngaseningizimu. Njengoba kugcwala kwebantfu kwakhula edolobheni lakubo, balimi batfutsela kulamanye emave bafuna indzawo lenkhulu yekulima. Kusukela nga-2023, lesigodzi sikhulisa titjalo letitsengiswako njengetitselo tema wolinji, kepha tekuhamba ngekhatsi nangaphandle kwalesigodzi kuyinsayeya ngenca yesimo lesibi semigwaco yendzawo.

## Kubusa
I-Anosibe Ambohiby yindzawo lelitibusako yebalimi labadzala kanye nebaholi bendzawo. Kubonakala shengatsi ihlukile kuhulumende lomkhulu waseMadagascar.

## Tinkomba

*
Takhiwo letiphangiwe eNingizimu Afrika

**Takhiwo letiphangiwe eNingizimu Afrika** takhiwo letingasasebenti nobe lesetihlala bantfu labangabhadali tinsitancanti. Kulesinye sikhatsi utfola kutsi bantfu bayakhokhela embani nemanti kanye nemali yamastandi kodvwa kuba khona bantfu labatsatsa letitimali ngekungemtsetfo.  Imvamisa kutfolakala bantfu labahlala ngalokungekho emtsetfweni bantfu nobe emacembu, esikhatsini lesinyenti tinhlangano tebugebengu. Lesimo sivame kakhulu eJohannesburg naseDurban, lapho khona kunetakhiwo letinkhulu letilinganiselwa ku-200 kanye netindlu letingu-250. Letinyenti tivame kuba sesimeni lesibi, tingenawo emanti, gezi, nobe emanti lahlobile. Tingase tibe tindzawo letiyingoti tekuhlala, letinelinani lelisetulu lebugebengu kanye nemlilo futsi ngulenye yetintfo letichazwe ngesikhatsi semlilo wesakhiwo saseGoli nga-2023. Ngaphandle kwaloku, bantfu labanyenti bahlala etakhiweni letiphangiwe ngobe abakwati kukhokha letinye tindlu.
2023 Umlilo wesakhiwo saseJozi

Ngamhlaka 31 Ingci 2023 ngo 01:30 ebusuke umlilo wagcwala washisa sakhiwo eJozi estaladini sase Delvers, eNingizimu Afrika. Kantsi lomlilo wabulala bantfu labangu-77 waphindze walimata labanye labangu-52. Kubikwa kutsi ngumlilo lobe mkhulu kakhulu emlandvweni wase Ningizimu Afrika.

## Tintfo letenteka
Lomlilo wenteka eCentral Business District esakhiweni lesinetitezi letisihlanu lesingasasebenti ekoneni le-Delvers ne-Albert Streets lebesisetjentiswa njengetindlu letingekho emtsetfweni tebantfu labete emakhaya, lababuya kulamanye emave kanye nalabafuna indzawo yekukhosela. Bantfu labangaba ngu-400, ikakhulu lababuya kulamanye emave, kubikwa kutsi bahlala kulesakhiwo.

Ikhansela Mgcini Tshwaku wabika kutsi tindzawo kanye nemasango langekhatsi esakhiweni avimbela bantfu kutsi babaleke.

Lesakhiwo, i-80 Albert Street, sakhiwa ngo-1954 njengelihhovisi lelikhulu le-Non-European Affairs Department yase-Johannesburg, lelisebenta njengelihhovisi lekuphocelela imitsetfo yekuphasisa lelawula kuhamba kwebantfu labamnyama eGoli ngaphansi kweluhlelo lwebantfu lababandlululo. Kusukela ngemnyaka wa 1994, lesakhiwo besinesakhiwo sebesifazane lebesibitwa ngekutsi yi-Usindiso Women's Shelter. Ngemnyaka wa 2019, umtholampilo lowawusakhiweni wasuswa yi-MMC for Health and Social Development Mpho Phalatse njengoba lesakhiwo besisetjentiswa bantfu labangekho emtsetfweni futsi satfolakala singakaphephi.

## Tinkomba
Zahara (umculi wase Ningizimu Afrika)

**Bulelwa Mkutukana** (9 November 1987 – 11 December 2023), lowatiwa njenga **Zahara**, bekangumculi nembhali wetingoma wase Ningizimu Afrika.
Randburg Library

**Umtapo wetincwadzi waseRandburg** ungulomunye wemtapo wetindzawo edolobheni laseJohannesburg, eNingizimu Afrika. Umtapo wetincwadzi uncendza bantfu labahlala endzaweni yaseCosmo City kanye nasemaphetselo, futsi ngumtapo weticwadzi kuphela lotawuniketwa emnyangweni wetimoto

## Umlandvo
Umsuka walomtapo wetincwadzi ungahlehliselwa emuva ngemnyaka wa 1950 ngesikhatsi sekukhula ngekushesha kanye nekutfutfuka I-Randburg. Ngekuphendvula sidzingo lesikhulu semphakatsi sekutfola lwati kanye nemitfombolusito, umtapo lomncane wekuboleka imali wasungulwa nga-1957 etakhiweni tamasipala lebetikhona. Lendzawo lencane, lebeyinetisebenti tekutitsandzela temtapo wetincwadzi yagcine ikhulisiwe yaba ngumtapo weticwadzi lomkhulu futsi lonetintfo letinyenti nga-1971.

## Tinkomba
Papa Francis

**Papa Francis** (17 December 1936 futsi wafa nga-Ephreli 21, 2025) uyinhloko yeLisontfo lemaKatolika, kantsi uphindze abe ngumbhishobhi waseRoma kanye nembusi weVatican City State. Francisi lowatalwa e Ajentina abitwa nga **Jorge Mario Bergoglio** ungupapa wekucala  lilunga le-Society of Jesus (Jesuits), wekucala waseMelika, wekucala wase Southern Hemisphere, kanye nekucala kutalwa nobe kukhulela ngaphandle kweYurophu kusukela ngelikhulu lesi-8th le-Syria Papa Gregory III.

Uzalelwe e-Buenos Aires, e-Argentina, u-Bergoglio wasebenza isikhashana njenge-bouncer kanye nomqaphi njengensizwa ngaphambi kokuqeqeshelwa ukuba ngusokhemisi nokusebenza njengochwepheshe elabhorethri yesayensi yokudla. Ngemva kokululama ekuguleni okunzima kwe-pneumonia nama-cysts, wagqugquzelwa ukuba ajoyine amaJesuit ngo-1958. Wagcotshwa umpristi wamaKhatholika ngo-1969, futhi kusukela ngo-1973 kuya ku-1979 wayengumJesuit ophakeme wesifundazwe e-Argentina. Waba umbhishobhi omkhulu waseBuenos Aires ngo-1998 futhi wadalwa ukhadinali ngo-2001 nguPapa John Paul II. Wahola iBandla lase-Argentina ngesikhathi sezibhelu zikaDisemba 2001 e-Argentina. Abaphathi baka-Néstor Kirchner kanye noCristina Fernández de Kirchner bambheka njengembangi yezepolitiki.
Mbongeni Ngema

**Mbongeni Ngema** (10 Inkhwenkhweti 1955 - 27 Ingongoni 2023) bekangumbhali wemidlalo yasesiteji, emafilimu kanye netingoma, umcondzisi, umhleli wetemidlalo yaseshashalazini lowatiwa kakhulu nge Sarafina, watalwa e-Verulam, KwaZulu-Natal (edvute nase-Durban)e Ningizimu Afrika. Wacala umsebenti wakhe njengemdlali wetigitali. Wabhala umculo lowawina imiklomelo leminyenti i-*Sarafina!* futsi wabhala ngekubambisana i-*Woza Albert!* lewina imiklomelo leminyenti! Bekatiwa ngemidlalo lebeyikhombisa umoya webantfu labamnyama baseNingizimu Afrika ngaphansi kweLubandlululo.

Ngema wake washada nemlingisi Leleti Khumalo, lowatfola umklomelo we-Tony Award nga-1988 weMlingisi Lomuhle kakhulu weMculo we-*[[Sarafina!  (emculweni)|Sarafina!]]*  (waphindze wadlala indzima lenkhulu kumafilimu la-1992), waphindze wadlala indima lenkhulu ku-movie yekucala yaseNingizimu Afrika leyakhetfwa yi-Oscar Yesterday.

## Tinkomba
Donald Gordon (somabhizinisi wase Ningizimu Afrika)

**Sir Donald Gordon** (24 June 1930 - 21 November 2019) bekangusomabhizinisi wase Ningizimu Afrika - kanye naseBrithani kantsi bekaphindze angumuntfu lonikelako. Wasungula i-Liberty Life Association of Africa nga-1957 kanye ne-Liberty International waphindze wasungula i Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) kanye nenyuvesi yase Pitori. Gordon uphindze abe ngumsunguli we Sandton City.
Kutiphatsa kabi ngekutiphatsa

[./Disturbo_ossessivo-compulsivo#cite_note-:0-1 ] sekungalaleli (**I-OCD**) siphazamiseka engcondvweni futsi sibitwa ngekutsi yi-OCD. Kulamanye ematheksthi, ibitwa ngekutsi y*i-OCD*, i-OCD noma nje i-ODD kanye ne-OCD. Ngaphambi kwekutsi kukhishwe incwadzi yesitsatfu lebuyeketiwe yetibalo tekucwaninga nekubalwa kwebantfu labanetinhlungu tebuchopho, ibitwa nge-OCD (psychotic) ne-ODD, i-OSCD (psycotic) ne/or i-ODC (OCD) ne-OSCD. Lesifo sibonakala ngekutsi sifaka ekhatsi imicabango lemibi, lengakacondzakali (Kucindzeteleka) kanye nekutiphatsa lokungapheli (kucindzakala) lokutsiwa sigulane asilawuleki. Kutiphatsa lokucindzetelako kuvame kuba yintfo lengakavami futsi lengakafaneli kodvwa kuhlanganisa sifiso semuntfu kutsi angatiphilisa ngaphandle kwekubona simo sekucindzeteleka.

Kucondziswa ngetinhlitiyo, kusatiwa ngekutsi y**i-obsessional neurosis**.  kungahlaliseki kwengcondvo kuchaza indlela lengakahleleki, kepha ikakhulu kubangelwa kutsi umuntfu uyahlanya, lokusho kutsi kunetintfo letibonakalako letiphatselene nekucindzeteleka (tento letitsite nobe imicimbi lekumele yentiwe) leyenta kutsi umuntfu abe nesicindzetelo.

Kuphazamiseka ngekucindzeteleka lokungapheli - lokufaka ekhatsi kucindzeteleka lokukhulu lokwakushiwo yi-DSM-IV-TR, kusukela nga-2010 ICD-9-CM, i-ICD-10 kanye ne-Manual Merck yekuxilongwa nekwelashwa - sekutsatfwa njengentfo letivamile ngekuphendvula kwayo ngekwelashwa ngemitsi yekuphazamiseka kwengcondvo.  kuchaza kutsi inkinga yekungalaleli ihlobene kakhulu nemphilo yemuntfu, futsi inetinhlobo letehlukene tetimfanelo kanye netimfanelo letihlobene nayo. Ku-DSM-5 kwakhiwa sehluko lesitsite lesitsi: "i-Obsessive-compulsive Disorders kanye ne-Correlated Disorders", lokufaka ekhatsi kuhlukunyetwa kwe-Obsesive-compu­lsive disorder, kuhlukunyeteka ngekubumbana, kuhlukunyezwa ngekungasebenti kwemtimba, i-tricotillomania, i-dermatillomania (i-excoration disorder), i-compulse buy syndrome kanye nato tonkhe tidzingo tekulawula ema-impulse (tingahlanganiswa nekudla kanye nekudla lokudzingekile, lokuvame kuba ne-compulsive component).

Kuphatamiseka ngekucindzeteleka akukafaneli kudideke ngekutsi kuphatamiseke ngekucindzelana ngekucindzaphatamiseka (OCD), lokuyinkinga yekuphatamiseka ngebuntfu. I-DOC inekuhlangana lokukhulu nekuhlukunyetwa, kuphatfwa kabi ngekwemphakatsi, kuphatfwe kabi ngekwehlukana, kuphatsatwa kabi ngekwehlukahlukana, kanye nekuphatfwa kabi kwemuntfu (sib: kuphatfwa kahle).
Kubulawa kwa-Al-Sadek Hamed Al-Shuwehdy

**Al-Sadek Hamed Al-Shuwehdy** (noma **Sadiq Hamed Shwehdi**) (c. 1954 - wabulawa nga 1984) bekangumfundzi waseLibya lobekenta timfundvo tebunjiniyela emkhakheni wetindiza lowabulawa ngemuva kwekushushiswa enkundleni ye-basketball eBenghazi, eLibya. Lelicala lasakatwa bukhoma kuthelevishini yembuso waseLibya.Al-Shuwehdy bekabuyile eMelika etinyangeni letintsatfu letendlulile lapho bekafundza khona, futsi wacala kuvukela Umbuso waGaddafi.

Ngesikhatsi asebenta njengenjiniyela esikhumulweni setindiza wahlangana nebangani lebebakhankhasela Gaddafi. Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi emaphoyisa aseLibya ambamba ekhaya lakhe; wabulawa ngemuva kwetinyanga letimbalwa. Umndeni wa-Al-Shuwehdy awuzange utfole sidvumbu sakhe; labo labalilako labafika emakhaya abo bebatawesaba. Ngemuva kwekushona kwakhe, emalunga emndeni wakhe nawo abhekana nebulukhuni bekutfola umsebenti nobe kutfola tindzawo enyuvesi.

## Kwetfulwa kwelicala
Lokutsetfwa kwelicala kanye nekubulawa kwabonwa tinkhulungwane tebantfu labasha, ikakhulukati labebabafundzi besikolwa lesiphakeme kanye nebafundzi baseNyuvesi, lebebatfunyelwe ngemabasi ngalokukhetsekile kulomcimbi. Al-Shuwehdy bekayedvwa emkhatsini wenkhundla, tandla takhe tiboshwe ngemuva kwakhe, futsi wakhala ngesikhatsi avuma licala lakhe lekujoyina "tinja letilahlekile", ligama lembuso lelisho labo labaphikisako, ngaphambi kwekutsi agwetjwe kufa.
Imvula (tekuchumana ngelucingo)

**I-Rain (Pty) Ltd** yinkampani yetekuchumana yase Ningizimu Afrika, leniketa ngelivi, umlayeto, idatha kanye netinsita letihlanganisiwe.

## Umlandvo
I-Rain (Pty) Ltd yasungulwa ngaFebhuwari 2018, Kantsi yacala kuniketa tinsita telwati kuphela ngekusebentisa imibhoshongo yabo ye-cell lengu-3000 kanye nekucashwa kwesakhiwonchanti ku-Vodacom naku-MTN. Emakhasimende lanenshisekelo yekusebentisa letinsita akha iphrofayili ye-inthanethi bese likhadi le-SIM litawutfunyelwa batfunywa be-Ram.
Ema-Mvezo

**iMvezo** lidolobhana leliselusentseni lweMfula iMbashe, kantsi alikho khashane neMthatha lese I-Eastern Cape yase INingizimu Afrika. Lendzawo yatiwa kakhulu ngekutsi yindzawo lapho kwazalelwa khona Nelson Mandela, umndeni wakhe usebenta njengendzawo lenkhulu, kanye nendzawo yeMnyuziyamu weNelson Mandela Birthplace.

## Tinkomba
Carl Weathers

**Carl Weathers** (January 14, 1948 - February 1, 2024) bekangumdlali waseveni laseMelika, umcondzisi kanye nemdlali webhola letinyawo. Weathers wadlala imidlalo lehlukahlukene asakhula kantsi Indzima yakhe ifaka ekhatsi umshayi wesibhakela Apollo Creed kumafilimu lamane ekucala eRocky (1976-1985), Colonel Al Dillon ku Predator (1987), Chubbs Peterson ku Happy Gilmore (1996), kanye neCombat Carl ku Toy Story franchise. Waphindze wadlala indzima ya Det. Beaudreaux ku-TV series Street Justice (1991-1993) kanye naseluhlelweni lwe-Arrested Development (2004, 2013), 

Weathers waphindze wadlala i-Omnitraxus Prime ku-Star vs. the Forces of Evil (2017-2019). Bekadlala indzima levela njalo njenge Greef Karga ku-Star Wars series The Mandalorian (2019-2023), lapho akhetfwa khona kutsi atfole umklomelo we-Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series.
Masipala Wesigodzi seNkhosi Cetshwayo

**Masipala wesigodzi** sase King Cetshwayo (lebeyatiwa ngekutsi nguMasipala wesigodzi wase Uthungulu) ungulomunye wabomasipala betigodzi letingu-11 ("tifundza") esifundzeni sase KwaZulu-Natal eNingizimu Afrika. Indzawo yesigodzi yiRichards Bay. Linyenti lebantfu labangu-885 944 bakhuluma siZulu (Kubalwa kwebantfu nga-2001). Ikhodi yesigodzi yi-DC28. Leligama lisuselwa ku Cetshwayo kaMpande, iNkhosi yeMbuso wemaZulu kusukela nga-1872 kuya ku-1879, lowahola sive sakhe kutsi sincobe emaBritish eMphini yase-Isandlwana.
I-Argentina

**I-Ajentina** lephindze yatiwe nge-Argentine Republic live leliseningizimu INingizimu Melika.  I-Argentina ihlanganisa indzawo lengemakhilomitha lamakhulu lamabili nemakhulu lasitfupha nemakhulu lasikhombisa nemakhulu lasihlanu (ema-square mi lalishumi nemakhulu lasetulu), lokwenta kutsi ibe Live lesibili ngebukhulu eNingizimu Melika ngemuva kweBrazil, kantsi iphindze ibe live lesine ngebukhulu eMelika, kanye neLive lesiphohlongo ngebukhulu emhlabeni wonkhe.

I-Ajentina ihlanganyela incenye lenkhulu ye Southern Cone ne I-Chile ngasenshonalanga, iphindze ibe nemncele we I-Bolivia ne I-Paraguay ngasenyakatfo, iBrazil ngasenyakatfu mphumalanga, I-Uruguay kanye neSouth Atlantic Ocean ngasemphumalanga, kanye ne Drake Passage ngaseningizimu. I-Argentina sifundza lesihlukaniswe tifundza letingemashumi lamabili nakutsatfu, kanye nelidolobha linye lelitimele, leLidolobha lelikhulu kunawo onkhe kulelive, I-Buenos Aires. Tifundza kanye nenhlokodolobha tinemtsetfosisekelo wato, kepha tikhona ngaphansi kwendlela ye-federal. I-Argentina itsi inemandla etikwaFalkland Islands, South Georgia kanye neSouth Sandwich Islands, Southern Patagonian Ice Field, kanye nencenye ye-Antarctica.

## Tinkomba
Christopher C. Kraft Jr.

**Christopher Columbus Kraft Jr.** (February 28, 1924 - July 22, 2019) bekangunjiniyela we-aerospace waseMelika, kantsi bekaphindze abe ngunjiniyela wase-I-NASA lowaba nendzima lenkhulu ekusunguleni i-Mission Control Center kanye nekwakha inhlangano nemasiko ayo. Umfundzi wakhe Glynn Lunney watsi nga-1998: "leSikhungo seKulawula lamuhla ... sifanekisela Chris Kraft".&nbsp;
Kudla kwaseNingizimu Afrika

**Kudla kwaseNingizimu Afrika** kuveta tinhlobonhlobo temasiko ekupheka latfolakala emiphakatsini letehlukahlukene lehlala kulelive. Emkhatsini webantfu bemdzabu baseNingizimu Afrika, EmaKhoikhoiadla ngetulu kwetinhlobo tetitjalo tekudla letingu-300 letifana ne-rooibos letibaluleke kakhulu ekudleni kwase Ningizimu Afrika. Kuhlangana nebafuyi bemaBantu lokwalandzela kwenta kutsi kuvele tilimo letihlanyelwako kanye netinkhomo tasekhaya, lokwangeta tindlela temaKhoiKhoi tekulondvolota inyama. Kwengeta, imiphakatsi lekhuluma tilwimi teBantu yakha tintfo letinyenti tekupheka kanye nekudla, lokunyenti kwako kusadliwa nalamuhla etindzaweni tekuhlala letisintfu kanye nasemadolobheni.

## Tincwadzi letifundziwe
Carlo Del Fava

**Carlo Antonio Del Fava** (watalwa mhlaka 1 Mabasa 1981) bekangumdlali we rugby union. Indzawo labekayitsandza kakhulu bekuyi-Lock. Ngemuva kwekulengisa emabhuthi akhe wancuma kucecesha.   &#x5B;**&#x5D; Watalelwa eNingizimu Afrika, kantsi waphindze wadlala nase-Italy.
Umtapo wetincwadzi waseNingizimu Afrika

**Umtapo wetincwadzi waseNingizimu Afrika** yahulumende waseNingizimu Afrika legcina umtapo welwati wetintfo letishicilelwe letiphatselene nalelive.

## Umlandvo
Lomtapo wasungulwa ngemnyaka wa 1818, Lord Charles Somerset, lobekangumbusi wekucala wase Cape Colony, wakhipha simemetelo sekulawula kutsengiswa kweliwayini, wafaka umtselo kulelowayini leletfwa eKapa kutsi litsengiswe. Imali lengenako itawusetjentiswa ekwakheni umtapo wetincwadzi wemmango lotawubeka sisekelo seluhlelo, lolutawubeka tindlela telwati kufinyeleleka kwebantfu labasha balelikona lelikhashane le-Globe,"
Alan Barrow

**Alan Barrow** (watalwa mhlaka 23 Bhimbhidvwane 1955) ungumdlali we cricket wase Ningizimu Afrika. Bekangumdlali wesibili emlandvweni weList A kutsi ancobe ngemakhulu.
Odwa Ndungane

**Odwa Mzuzo Ndungane** (watalwa mhlaka 20 Indlovana ngo 1981 eMthatha, eNingizimu Afrika) bekangumdlali we libhola le rugby yelibanga lekucala emkhatsini wa-2000 na-2017. Wadlala ku-wing futsi wacitsa sikhatsi sakhe lesinyenti adlala ecenjini le-Sharks emncintiswaneni we-I-Super Rugby.

Wenta luhlolo lwakhe lwekucala ne-I-Italy ngekuncoba nge-26-0 eKapa ngemnyaka wa-2008 ngembili, emkhatsini walabanye, umnakabo longemawele Akona. Watsatsa umhlalaphansi ngemuva kwe 2017 Currie Cup Premier Division.
Vusumuzi Masondo

Lieutenant General **Vusumuzi Masondo** MMM ngukhomanda wemphi wase Ningizimu Afrika.

Watalelwa e-Umtata mhlaka 21 iNgongoni 1957. Ngemuva kwekuphotfula eNyuvesi nga-1978, wajoyina I-Transkei Defence Force nga-1979, watfola kuceceshwa e-Lohatla nase-I-Walvis Bay. Wasebenta etikhundleni letehlukahlukene eTranskei Forces kwate kwaba ngulapho ihlanganiswa ne South African National Defence Force nga-1994.

Unesitifiketi sekuphatsa kuvikela Inyuvesi yaseWitwatersrand, nesitifiketi sebudlelwano bemisebenti eNyuvesi yePitoli kanye nesitifikati se-BComm. Kwanyalo ufundza i-BComm Honours degree Inyuvesi yase Ningizimu Afrika. Masondo ushadile kantsi unebantfwana labatsatfu.
Umtapo wetincwadzi waseKapa

**Umtapo welwati waseKapa** ngumtapo wetincwadzi wemphakatsi waseKapa, eNingizimu Afrika. Ungulomunye wemtapo wetincwadzi lo-104 weLidolobha laseKapa kanye neTinsita Tekwatisa.
## Setfulo
Umtapo wetincwadzi wasungulwa nga-1954 ngesikhatsi umtapo wetinhlelo waseKapa utsatsa umtapo we-South African Library. Ngemnyaka wa 1962 umtapo wetincwadzi watfutsela esakhiweni sase Waalburg lesisekhatsi kwelidolobha. Ngemnyaka wa 1982 umtapo wetincwadzi waphindze watfutsela eKapa's City Hall Umtapo tincwadzi watfola tibonelelo letimbili ku-Carnegie Corporation lokwenta kutsi umtapo wetifundvo utfutfukiswe futsi wandziswe futsi kwasungulwa sikhungo se-computer. Lidolobha laseKapa, laniketa imali yekusungula umtapo wetincwadzi lomusha e-I-Old Drill Hall. Umtapo wetincwadzi wasendzaweni lensha ngemnyaka wa-2008.
Siya Mdaka

## Umsebenti wakhe
**Siyabulela Mdaka** (watalwa mhlaka 14 Indlovana 1988 eMthatha) ngumdlali welibhola le rugby wase Ningizimu Afrika, kantsi iLeopards licembu lowagcina kudlala  ku-Currie Cup kanye naku-Rugby Challenge. Simo sakhe lesijwayelekile kusekugcineni.
### I-rugby yebantfu labasha kanye ne-Varsity
Wadlala ku-Border Country Districts emncintiswaneni we-Under-16 Grant Khomo Week ngemnyajka wa 2004 ngaphambi kwekutsi aye iThekwini, lapho adlala khona ecenjini le-Natal emncintiswano we-Uunder-18 Academy Week nga-2006. Waphuma ku-Sharks academy system futsi wadlala ku-Shirks U19 nga-2007 naku-Sharcs U21 nga-2008 na-2009.

Ngemnyaka wa 2010, watfutsela e-Potchefstroom, lapho amele khona licembu lase-I-NWU Pukke emncintiswaneni we-Varsity Cup nga-2010, 2011 na-2012, wavela tikhatsi letingemashumi lamabili.

### emaLeopards
Ngesikhatsi ase Potchefstroom, waphindze wacala kusebenta ecenjini lakhe lekucala le-Leopards. Wafakwa ecenjini labo lemncintiswano we-Currie Cup Premier Division nga-2011 futsi wacala umdlalo wakhe wekucala ngekucala umdlalo wabo ne-Blue Bulls e-Royal Bafokeng Stadium. Wenta luhlelo lunye lwekucala, kanye nekubonakala kabili ngesikhatsi salomncintiswano.
DJ Black Coffee

**Nkosinathi Innocent Maphumulo** (watalwa mhlaka 11 Indlovu 1976), lowatiwa nga-Black Coffee, ungu-DJ wase Ningizimu Afrika, umkhiciti welirekhodi kanye nembhali wetingoma. Coffee wasungula lirekhodi lakhe leSoulistic Music, waphindze wakhipha i-albhamu yakhe yekucala lebeyinesihloko lesitsi Black Coffee (2005), lebeyifaka tintfo te-R&B ne-jazz.

Umsebenti wakhe wacala ngemnyaka wa 1994 futsi wadvuma ngemuva kwekuhlanganyela ku 2004 I-Red Bull Music Academy, kusukela lapho ukhiphe ema-albhamu layimfica, kanye ne-DVD lekhona.

Kuwo wonkhe umsebenti wakhe wemculo, kudvunyiswa kwakhe kufaka ekhatsi: 8 SAMA, 4 DJ Awards, 2 Metro FM Awards kanye 1 Grammy award.

## Imphilo yakhe yekucala
Nkosinathi Innocent Maphumulo watalwa mhlaka 11 iNdlovu 1976 iThekwini, eNingizimu Afrika. Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi watfutsela e-Umtata, lidolobha lelingemakhilomitha langu-29 kusuka ekhaya laNelson Mandela esifundzeni saseQunu.
Vincent Pule

**Maliele Vincent Pule** (watalwa mhlaka 10 Mashi 1992) lophindze atiwe nga Shuffle, ungumdlali ibhola yetinyawo wase INingizimu Afrika lotsandza kudlala e-Orlando Pirates futsi udlala eNingizimu Afrika.

## Tinkomba
Inyoka yembila

**inyoka yembila** Lephindze yatiwe **ngenyoka yemadloti**, ngalesinye sikhatsi ibitwa ngekutsi **inyoka yemagundvwane lebovu**, Iluhlobo lwenyoka yemagondvwane yase North America emndenini we Colubridae. Letinhlobo tilawula tilwane tato letincane ngekucindzeteleka. Itfolwa kuyo yonkhe indzawo leseningizimu-mpumalanga kanye nasenkhabeni IMelika. Nanobe ifanana ne-copperhead (*Agkistrodon contortrix*) futsi ivame kubulawa ngenca yaloku, lenyoka yembila ayinawo umutsi losebentako futsi ayilimali. Inyoka yembila inenzuzo kubantfu ngobe isita ekulawuleni linani letilwanyana letiyingoti temagundvwane asendle letilimata titjalo tiphindze tisakatele tifo.Kantsi bantfu bayatsandza kuyifuya.
Inyuvesi yakwaZulu

**iNyuvesi yakwaZulu** noma **I-UniZulu** sikhungo semfundvo lephakeme lesingasenyakatfo yeMfula i-uThukela eKwaZulu-Natal, INingizimu Afrika.  Inyuvesi isungule budlelwane netikolwa tase United States nase Europe letifana ne-University of Mississippi, I-Radford University, I-Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University kanye ne-I-Chicago State University. I-UniZulu yasungulwa ngelusito lwe-Prince of Phindangene, Mangosuthu Buthelezi, lobekaphindze abe ngumphatsi walenhlangano ngesikhatsi isungulwa. 

## Tinkomba
Umtapo wetincwadzi waseBrenthurst

Umtapo wetincwadzi wase **Brenthurst** ngumtapo wangasese lowakhiwa ngumndeni waka Oppenheimer eParktown, eJozi lowakhiwa nguHarry Oppenheimer ngemnyaka wa 1984 ngesikhatsi acala kutiyekela emayini yemndeni wakhe. Inetincwadzi letingaba ngu-,000, kufaka ekhatsi imibhalo yesandla lengakavami kanye nemibhalo. Emkhatsini waletintfo bekulirekhodi leliphelele lelikhuluma ngekutsetfwa kwelicala laNelson Mandela, kwaze kwaba ngulapho lamaphepha aniketwa esigodlweni saMandela ngenyanga yeLweti ngemnyaka wa-2008.
Umtsimba

Umtsimba ngumshado wesiswati lapho khona makoti achutjwa bakibo aye kuyokwendza ekhakhakhe.  Lomcimbi ufaka ekhatsi bekhabomakoti, bekhabomkhwenyane kanye nemango wakhabomkhwenyane. Umtsimba wenteka ngetigaba letehlukene, utsatse emalanga lamatsatfu. Sigaba ngasinye sibalulekile, sifaka ekhatsi tento tekubonisa letendluliselwe kusuka kulesinye situkulwane kuya kulesinye. Sigaba sekucala kulungiselela umcimbi wemshado ngaphambi kwekutsi uphume endzaweni yakubo. Sigaba sesibili luhambo lwangempela lwemshado losuka endzaweni yakubo uye endzaweni yemkhwenyana. Sigaba sesitsatfu lilanga lekucala lemshado lolutsatsa emalanga lamatsatfu, futsi lucala ngelilanga lapho umcimbi wemshado ufika khona esigodzini semkhwenyane. Ngemuva kwaloko kwenteka umcimbi wemshado, lokuyindzawo yesine ye-umtsimba. Sigaba sesihlanu senteka ngelilanga lelilandzela umcimbi wemshado futsi satiwa ngekutsi

## Ngaphambi kwekutsi umcimbi wemshado ahambe
Umndeni wakabomakoti watisa bangani netihlobo kutsi indvodzakati yabo itawushada, futsi umphatsi walesigodzi utjelwa kutsi kutawuba nemshado. Ngemuva kwaloko, babe utjela bomakhelwane emshadweni. Babe uphindze abeke emadvodza lamabili nebafati lababili kutsi bahambisane ne-umtsimba baye ekhaya lemkhwenyana.

## '''Tinkomba'''