Kuhlela umndeni

**Kuhlela umndeni**, lekubuye kwatiwe ngekutsi **kuhlela** kanye **nekuvikela kukhulelwa**, leti tindlela noma ngemathulusi lasetjentiselwa kuvikela kukhulelwa. Kuhlela, kwenta kutfolakale, kanye nekusebentisa tinsita tekulawula kubeleka kubitwa ngekutsi kuhlela umndeni. Kulawula indlela yekubeleka isetjentiswe kusukela etikhatsini takadzeni, kodvwa tindlela letiyimphumelelo naletiphephile kuphela tibe khona ngemasentjuri abo-20. Letinye tinhlanga tinciphisa noma atikhutsati kusetjentiswa kwetindlela tekulawula kubeleka ngoba tibonakala tingahambisani nemihambo, tenkholo, noma tepolitiki.  

Indlela lesebenta kahle kakhulu yekulawula kubeleka kuvala kwesikhashane ngekusebentisaivasekthomi emadvodzeni kanye nekuboshwa kwemashubhu kubomake, ngekusebentisa emathulusi lafakwa esinyeni (ema-IUD), kanye kwekuhlela umndeni lokuhlanyelwa esinyeni. Loku kulandzelwa tinhlobonhlobo ngemahomonikufaka ekhatsi nalanatfwako, umndeni, lokuyindingilisi lokufakwa esitfweni samake sangasese, kanye naletimijovo. Tindlela letingasebenti kahle tifaka ekhatsi kuvikela ngekusebentisa umtimba njengelijazi lemkhwenyane nemadayaframu kanye nesipontji sekulawula kubeleka kanye netindlela tekucwayisa ngekutfomba.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Indlela lesebenta kancane kunciphisa budvodza kanye lekukukhipha lekwentiwa yindvodza nekutfundzela ngaphandle. Kuvala, bekuyindlela lesebenta kahle, kodvwa awukhoni kuyibuyisela emuva; tonkhe letinye tindlela tiyajikiseka, hhayi ngekushesha ngemuva kwekutiyekela.  Kuya emacansini ngalokuphephile, njengekusebentisa lijazi lemkhwenyanenelijazi labomake, nako kungasita kuvikela tifo temacansi letitsatselanako. Kwekuvikela kutfola bantfwana kwesimo lesiphutfumako kungavikela kukhulelwa kulamalanga lambalwa ngemuva kwekuya emacansini ngaphandle kwekutivikela. Labanye babona ngatsi uvele utihlalele kuyindlela yekuhlela umndeni, kodvwa imfundziso yekungayi emacansini uma iyodvwa ingakhulisa emazinga ekukhulelwa kwebantfwana uma ngabe kuhanjiswa ngaphandle kwemfundvo lephatselene nekuhlela ngalenye indlela, ngenca yekutsi ingalandzelelwa. 

Endzabeni yalabasebancane, lokukhulelwa kwabo kusebungotini bekutsi kube nemiphumela lemihle.  Kufundziswa ngalokugcwelengetemacansi kanye nekufinyelela etintfweni tekuhlela umndeni kwehlisa emazinga ekukhulelwa lokungadzingeki kubantfwana labasebancane.  Ngalesikhatsi titinyenti tindlela letingasetjentiswa kuvikela bantfu labasha, tindlela letingasetjentiswa sikhatsi lesidze tibuye tiyekelwe njengaletifakwa ngekhatsi, i-IUD, noma lokuyindandatho lekufakwa esitfweni sangasese tiyindlela lekahle kakhulu lehlomulisako ekuvikeleni kukhulelwa kwelusha.  Ngekuva kwekubeleka umntfwana, make longamunyisi angahle akhulelwe futsi ngemuva kwemaviki lamane kuya kulasitfupha.  Letinye tindlela tekuhlela umndeni tingacalwa ngekushesha ngemuva kwekubeleka, ngalesikhatsi letinye tidzinga kutsi ulindze tinyanga letisitfupha.  Kubomake labamunyisako, lesetjentiswako iyanconywa kutsi ingasetjentiswa njengendlela yekuhlela ngalesikhatsi umunyisa kunekunatsa emaphilisi.  Kubomake lesebafike esigabeni semenophozi, kunconywa kwekutsi bachubeke bahlele umnyaka wonkhe ngemuva kwalenyanga yekugcina kwabo kuya esikhatsini. 

Bomake labalinganiselwa kutigidzi letinge-222 labafuna kuvikela kukhulelwa amhlabawonkhe abasebentisi letindlela tekuhlela umndeni tesimanje.  Kusebentisa indlela yekulawula kubeleka emaveni lasatfutfuka yehlise inombolo nekushona ngalesikhatsi ukhulelwengemaphesenti langu 40% (kuvikelwa kufa kwalabalinganiselwa ku-270,000 nga 2008) kantsi bekungavikelwa 70% uma ngabe letidzingo letigcwele tekulawula kubeleka bekufinyelelwa kuto.  Ngekulindza sikhatsi lesidze ngemuva kwekuphindze ukhulelwe, kulawula indlela yekubeleka kungenta kancono indlela bomake lababeleka ngayo kanye nekuphila kwebantfwana babo.  Emaveni lasatfutfuka imiholo yabomake,  tintfo labanato, nesisindvo, kanye nemfundvo yebantfwana babo nemphilo yabo konkhe kuyatfutfuka uma ngabe bafinyelela kahle kutindlelo tekulawula indlela yekubeleka.  Kokubili kulawula indlela yekubeleka nekukhula kutemnotfo ngenca yekuba nebantfwana labambalwa lobondlako, bomake labanyenti labasebentako, kantsi basebentisa kancane tinsita letingatfolakali kalula. 

## Emareferensi