Human Action

*Është e vërtetë se ekonomia është një shkencë teorike dhe si e tillë abstenon nga çdo gjykim vlere... Shkenca nuk i thotë kurrë një njeriu se si duhet të veprojë; ajo vetëm tregon se si duhet të sillet një njeri nëse ai dëshiron të mbërrijë në përfundime të caktuara.* '*Ludwig von Mises: *Human Action, Introducion***
**Human Action: A Treatise on Economics*' botuar së pari në vitin 1949 është magnum opusi i Ludwig von Misesit. Kjo vepër përkufizoi një pjesë të mirë të koncepteve të Shkollës Austriake të Ekonomisë.

Vepra jep një argumentim të hollësishëm për kapitalizmin laissez-faire bazuar mbi veprimin njerëzor, apo mbi hetimin racional të vendim-marrjes njerëzore. Vepra refuzon pozitivizmin brenda ekonomisë. Misesi argumenton dhe tregon se ekonomia e tregut të lirë jo vetëm që i lë pas sistemet ekonomike të planifikuara, por shërben edhe si një themel për vet civilizimin.

Yale University Press botoi edicionin e parë të Human Action në vitin 1949. Botime të tjera të rishikuara pasuan në vitin 1963, po nga Yale University Press, dhe në vitin 1966 (edicioni i tretë) me redaktor Henry Regenery-në. Ky qe edhe edicioni i fundit i botuar gjatë jetës së Misesit.
Në vitin 1996 u botua një edicion i katërt, me rishikime nga Bettina B. Greaves-i.

## Pjesa e parë: Human Action (Veprimi njerëzor) 
* I. Acting Man
:: Shkenca e veprimit njerëzor quhet prakseologji (praxeology). Veprimi njerëzor përfshin çdoherë një kosto oportune dhe është gjithnjë i qëllimshëm.
* II. The Epistemological Problems of the Sciences of Human Action
* III. Economics and the Revolt Against Reason
* IV. A First Analysis of the Category of Action
* V. Time
* VI. Uncertainty
* VII. Action Within the World

## Pjesa e dytë: Actions Within the Framework of Society (Veprimet brenda kornizës së shoqërisë) 
* VIII. Human Society
* IX. The Role of Ideas
* X. Exchange Within Society

## Pjesa e tretë: Economic Calculation (Kalkulimi ekonomik) 
* XI. Valuation Without Calculation
* XII. The Sphere of Economic Calculation
* XIII. Monetary Calculation as a Tool of Action

## Pjesa e katërt: Catallactics or Economics of the Market Society (Katalaktika? apo Ekonomia e shoqërisë së tregut) 
* XIV. The Scope and Method of Catallactics (Qëllimi dhe metoda e )
* XV. The Market
* XVI. Prices
* XVII. Interest
* IXVIII. nterest, Credit Expansion, and the Trade Cycle
* XIX. Work and Wages
* XX. The Nonhuman Original Factors of Production
* XXI. The Data of the Market
* XXII. Harmony and Conflict of Interests

## Pjesa e pestë: Social Cooperation Without a Market (Bashkëveprimi shoqëror pa tregun) 
* XXVThe Imaginary Construction of a Socialist Society
* XXVI. The Impossibility of Economic Calculation Under Socialism

## Pjesa e gjashtë: The Hampered Market Economy 
* XXVII. The Government and the Market
* XXVIII. Interference by Taxation
* XXIX. Restriction of Production
* XXX. Interference with the Structure of Prices
* XXXI. Currency and Credit Manipulation
* XXXII. Confiscation and Redistribution
* XXXIII. Syndicalism and Corporativism
* XXXIV. The Economics of War
* XXXV. The Welfare Principle Versus the Market Principle
* XXXVI. The Crisis of Interventionism

## Pjesa e shtatë: The Place of Economics in Society (Vendi i ekonomisë në shoqëri) 
* XXVIII. The Nondescript Character of Economics
* XXXIX. The Place of Economics in Learning
* XL. Economics and the Essential Problems of Human Existence

## Përkthimi në gjuhët e tjera 
* Në italisht (1959) si ''L'azione umana : trattato di economia*, Torino: UTET 
* Në kinezisht (1976) as 人的行為 : 經濟學硏論 / *Ren de xing wei : jing ji xue yan lun* by 台湾銀行經濟硏究室, Taiwan yin hang jin ji yan jiu shi, (Bank of Taiwan) 
* Në spanjisht (1995) si *La acción humana : tratado de economía* Madrid: Unión Editorial D.L., ISBN 978-84-7209-292-1
* Në gjuhën çeke, 2006. ISBN 80-86389-45-6.
* In 2007 was published in Polish by the Instytut Ludwiga von Misesa (Warszawa) as *Ludzkie działanie : traktat o ekonomii* ISBN 978-83-926160-0-9 
* Në turqisht si *İnsan eylemi : iktisat üzerine bir inceleme*, Ankara: Liberte Yayınları (2008) ISBN 978-975-6201-41-1 
* Në japonisht si ヒューマン・アクション : 人間行為の経済学 / *Hyūman akushon : Ningen kōi no keizaigaku*, 春秋社, Tōkyō : Shunjūsha (2008) ISBN 978-4-393-62183-7 
* In 2011 the Ludwig von Mises Institute Brazil translated it to Portuguese language and published it as *Ação Humana – Um Tratado de Economia*. ISBN 85-62816-05-1
* Në frëngjisht, përkthyer nga Raoul Audouin si "L’action humaine : Traité d’économie".  Libre échange. Paris : PUF, 1985. ISBN 2-13-038598-2

## Shiko dhe
* Ludwig von Mises
* Libertarianizmi
## Referime dhe shënime 
## Edicione të librit
* *Human Action: A Treatise on Economics'', 1998 Scholar's Edition:
** Study Guide
*** "Study Guide to Human Action"  by Robert Murphy, December 2008
** Audiolibër lexuar nga Jeff Riggenbach (YouTube)
**(Jo përfaqësues të tekstit të plotë)
*** Introduction 
*** Chapter 1  "Acting Man"
*** Chapter 2  "The Sciences of Human Action" (study guide )
*** Chapter 3  "Economics and the Revolt Against Reason" (study guide )
*** Chapter 4  "A First Analysis of the Category of Action" (study guide )
*** Chapter 5  "Time and Praxeology" (study guide )
*** Chapter 6  "Uncertainty" (study guide )
*** Chapter 7  "Action Within the World" (study guide )
*** Chapter 8  "Human Society" (study guide )
*** Chapter 9  "The Role of Ideas" (study guide )
*** Chapter 10  "Exchange Within Society" (study guide)
*** Chapter 11  "Valuation Without Calculation" (study guide )
*** Chapter 12  "The Sphere of Economic Calculation" (study guide )
*** Chapter 14  "The Scope and Method of Catallactics" (study guide )
*** Chapter 15 (Part I , Part II ) "The Market" (study guide )
*** Chapter 16 (Part I , Part II, Part III ) "Prices" (study guide )
*** Chapter 16 "Mathematics Versus Economic Logic" , "Brand Confidence and the Economics of Good Will" 
*** Chapter 17 "Demand for Money and Supply of Money" , "Carl Menger's Theory of the Origin of Money" , "The Determination of the Purchasing Power of Money" , "The Notion of Neutral Money" , "Inflation and Deflation" , "The Anticipation of Changes in Purchasing Power" , "The Specific Value of Money" , "There is Money and Then There Are Money Substitutes" , "Free Banking and Contract Law" , "Free Banking versus Large-scale Credit Expansion" , "Unconditional Redemption for Gold" , "Government Against Capitalists" , "The Inflationist View of History" , "The Gold Standard" , "International Monetary Cooperation" 
*** Chapter 18 "The West's Available Capital Goods " , "Some Applications of the Time-Preference Theory" 
*** Chapter 19 "The Phenomenon of Interest" , "The Nature of Interest" 
*** Chapter 20 "Role of Interest in Entrepreneurial Calculations" , "Malinvestment, Not Overinvestment, Causes Booms" , "The Alleged Absence of Depressions under Totalitarianism" , "Credit Expansion vs. Simple Inflation" , "The Monetary or Circulation-Credit Theory of the Trade Cycle" , "The Market Economy as Affected by the Recurrence of the Trade Cycle" , "The Role Played by Unemployed Factors of Production in the First Stages of the Boom" , "The Fallacies of Nonmonetary Explanations of the Trade Cycle" , "Catallactic Unemployment" 
*** Chapter 21 "Gross Wage Rates and Net Wage Rates" , "Wages and Subsistence" , "The History of Capitalism" , "The Popular Interpretation of the "Industrial Revolution" , "Wage Rates as Affected by the Vicissitudes of the Market" 
*** Chapter 23 "Market Data: Power, War, and Man" , "The Problems of External Costs and External Economies" 
*** Chapter 24 "The Ultimate Source of Profit and Loss on the Market" , "The Harmony of the 'Rightly Understood' Interests", "Private Property" , "Economic Nationalism Is a Philosophy of War"

## Resurse të tjera
*Artikuj, ese dhe recensione
** "The Power of the Pocket Edition" nga Jeffrey Tucker, November 2010
** "Human Action at Sixty"  by Richard M. Ebeling, March 2009
** "Mises's Gift of Human Action"  by Jonathan M. Finegold Catalan, May 2011
** *The Freeman*: Human Action 60th Anniversary issue September 2009
*** "Human Action, 1949: A Dramatic Episode in Intellectual History"  by Israel M. Kirzner, September 2009 (also published here)
*** "What Human Action Has Meant to Me: Reflections of a Young Economist"  by Peter T. Leeson
*** "Human Action: The Treatise in Economics"  by Peter J. Boettke
*** "Human Action: The 60th Anniversary"  by Bettina Bien Greaves
*** "Human Action as a Work of Art"  by Sheldon Richman
** "Reflections on Human Action after 50 Years" by Vernon L. Smith, Fall 1999
** "The Methodology of Human Action" by Lawrence H. White, Fall 1999
** "Epistemological Relativism in the Sciences of Human Action"  Ludwig von Mises, 1960
** "The Place of Mises's Human Action in the Development of Modern Economic Thought" (PDF) 
** "The Why of Human Action"  by Ludwig von Mises, September 1949
** "The Case for Capitalism"  by Henry Hazlitt, September 1949
** Mises Review: "Human Action, The Scholar's Edition" by David Gordon, Winter 1999 (republished as Mises Daily here )
* Media të tjera
** In Studio: "Human Action: Pocket Edition" intervistë me Douglas French, (YouTube)
** The Science of Human Action lecture by Hans-Hermann Hoppe, July 2011 (YouTube)
** Human Action animation
** Authors Forum: Human Action Study Guide  lecture by Robert P. Murphy, March 2009 (YouTube)
** *Acting Man* online lesson