open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ibrahim Koodbuur

## Ibraahim Ismaaciil Koodbuur

**Ibraahim Ismaaciil Koodbuur** (geeriyooday 1987) wuxuu ka mid ahaa saraakiishii sare ee Jabhaddii SNM (Somali National Movement), isagoo door hoggaamineed ka qaatay halgankii ay SNM kula dagaallamaysay xukunkii kaligii taliye Siyaad Barre. Waxaa lagu xasuustaa geesinimadiisii, abaabulkiisii hawlgallada sirdoonka, iyo kaalintii uu ku lahaa halganka dib-u-xoreynta gobollada waqooyi.

## Taariikh Nololeed
Ibraahim Koodbuur wuxuu ku dhashay magaalada Oodwayne, isagoo kasoo jeeda beesha Ciidagale . Waxbarashadiisii dugsiga hoose iyo sare wuxuu ku dhammeeyay Hargeysa, kadibna wuxuu ku biiray ciidamada qalabka sida ee Soomaaliya.

Wuxuu helay tababar ciidan oo sare oo uu ku qaatay dalalka dibadda, gaar ahaan Ruushka. Waxa uu ku soo noqday Soomaaliya isagoo ah sarkaal tababaran oo ku xeel dheer hawlgallada gaarka ah iyo abaabulka dagaalka. Wuxuu gaaray darajada “Lieutenant” intii uu ka tirsanaa ciidankii qalabka sida ee Soomaaliya.

## Ka Qaybgalka SNM
Ka dib markii uu ka horyimid nidaamkii kali-taliska ahaa ee Maxamed Siyaad Barre, Ibraahim Koodbuur wuxuu ku biiray jabhadda SNM. Waxaa loo igmaday inuu hormuud u noqdo hawlgallada sirdoonka iyo abaabulka gudaha ee magaalada Hargeysa. Waxa uu si qarsoodi ah u hagayay hawlgallo muhiim ah oo ka dhan ah taliskii milatari.

Mid ka mid ah howlgalladii ugu caan sanaa ee uu hoggaamiyay wuxuu ahaa *Howlgalkii Birjeex* sanadkii 1983, oo ahaa mid lagu doonayay in lagu badbaadiyo halgamaa kale oo magaciisa la oran jiray Cabdillaahi Askar. wuxuu noqday astaan muujisay dhiirranaan iyo khatar qaadasho.

## Xasuus iyo Dhaxal
Si loo xuso kaalintiisii halganka, mid ka mid ah degmooyinka magaalada Hargeysa waxaa loo bixiyay magaca **Degmada Ibraahim Koodbuur**. Waa mid ka mid ah sideeda degmo ee rasmiga ah ee magaalada. Wuxuu ku haray taariikhda Soomaalida, gaar ahaan dawlda Somaliland, inuu yahay halyey qaran.

## Tixraacyo
* “Taariikh nololeedka Ibraahim Koodbuur,” *Somaliland Archives*, 2010.  
* “SNM: Dagaalkii Xoraynta iyo Hawlgalkii Birjeex,” *Warbaahinta Halgan*, 2015.  
* “Degmada Koodbuur oo dib loo magac bixiyay,” *Wargeyska Dawan*, 2021.  
* Ibrahim Kodbuur District – Wikipedia (EN).

## Qaybaha
Shidaal Diesel Petrol Kaydinta Somaliland

**Shidaal Diesel Petrol Kaydinta Somaliland**

Diesel Petrol Kaydinta Somaliland:**110,000**

Shidaalka iyo Kaydka Fule ee Somaliland ee baabuurta iyo duulista , deisel iyo jet fulle , Somaliland waxa u qorshaysan 2028 shidaal qodis iyo sifaynta kaas oo kordhin doona qiimaha naaftada lacag badan.
Amniga Ceelaha Salidka Somaliland

**Amniga Ceelaha Salidka Somaliland**

**oil security in oil fields in somaliland** 

* **Lacagta**:**3 million dollars sanad** **

**Oil Protection Unit {OPU}**   Somaliland

* **kof** **420'''

Badbaadada Shidaalka ee Gobollada Shidaalka ee ku wajahan shaqaalaha iyo shaqaalaha la socda Shidaalka cayriin ee ka shaqeeya amniga Somaliland waxa mushaharka siiya dawladda iyada oo shaqaale sare ah gobolada shidaalka sida sl 10 iyo sl13 waxa daboolaya cid amaan ah oo siisa shaqaale
## warka
* https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/analysis/2014/08/07/somaliland-oil-and-security
* https://oilprice.com/Geopolitics/Africa/Somalilands-Rising-Strategic-Role-in-US-Oil-and-Military-Policy.html
* https://www.africaintelligence.com/eastern-africa-and-the-horn/2014/06/20/architects-of-the-oil-guard,108027772-art
*https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/latest-news/briefing-says-deployment-of-military-to-protect-oil-installations-in-somaliland-could-escalate-conflict-between-autonomous-regions/
## Sido kale firi
* Liska Salidka Mawduucyada
* Salidka Bahadhamal
* Toosan Prospect SL13/SL10
* Birka salidka Dulka Hoose
* Xagar Prospect SL13/SL10
Food cadde

Food cade waa tuulo ku taala bariga burco ee gobolka togdheer waa degaan ceelal leh oo xoolahana lagu dhaqado 

Waxa degan maxamed yoonis
Fogaanta Rakibaadda Saliidda somaliland

**Fogaanta Rakibaadda Saliidda somaliland**

Soomaaliland

Distance between oil installations and oil Drill sites.

* Hargeisa: **Oil kaydinta**
* Berbera :**New silk refinery 2028**
* SL10/SL13: **Oil concessions Commodities**
* Genel West :**Oil concessions Commodities**
* Berbera Salidka Kaydinta : **Somaliland national oil company NOCBBO**
* LPG Berbera Dock.

## New Silk Refinery Berbera
* Berbera Refinery -  Hargeisa **140km**
* Berbera Refinery - SL10/SL13 **60km**
* Berbera Refinery - Burco  **60 km**

## SL10/SL13

* SL10/SL13 - Hargeisa **60km**
* SL10/SL13 - Berbera Refinery **60km**
* SL10/SL13 - Burco  **20 km**

## Genel west
* Genel West -  Berbera Refinery **190 km**
* Genel West -  Hargeisa **20 km**
* Genel West -  Burco **70 km**

## Hargesia  Saldika Kaydina
* Hargesia -  Berbera Refinery **143 km**
* Hargesia -  Burco  **40 km**
* Hargesia  - SL10/SL13 **40 km**
**
==Berbera Saldika Kaydina==

* Berbera Saldika Kaydina NOCBBO - SL10/SL13  **60km**
* Berbera Saldika Kaydina NOCBBO - Genel West **167 km**
* Berbera Saldika Kaydina NOCBBO - Hargeisa  Saldika Kaydina **160km**
* Berbera Saldika Kaydina NOCBBO - New Silk Refinery Berbera **2km**

==LPG Berbera Dock==
* LPG Berbera Dock -  SL10/SL13 **60km**  
* LPG Berbera Dock -  Genel West **160km**
* LPG Berbera Dock -  Hargeisa  Saldika Kaydina  **155km**
* LPG Berbera Dock -  Berbera Saldika Kaydina NOCBBO **1km**
* LPG Berbera Dock -  New Silk Refinery Berbera **1km'''

## Sido kale firi
* Liska Salidka Mawduucyada
* Salidka Bahadhamal
* Toosan Prospect SL13/SL10
* Birka salidka Dulka Hoose
* Xagar Prospect SL13/SL10
Rwanda /DRC Heshinka 2025

**Rwanda /DRC Heshinka 2025**

* Ama:rwanda 
* Ama:drc 

Heshiis nabadeed oo u dhexeeya Drc iyo Rwanda oo ku muransan yahay xuduudka Uganda , kaas oo lagu dhisay Washington , Rwanda iyo fallaagada Drc ee loo yaqaan M23 waxay la dagaallamayaan iskahorimaad

## warka
* https://www.lemonde.fr/en/le-monde-africa/article/2025/01/28/rwanda-and-the-drc-three-years-of-diplomatic-failures_6737508_124.html
* https://www.japantimes.co.jp/commentary/2025/02/18/world/sanctions-on-rwanda/
* https://www.msn.com/en-xl/africa/top-stories/dr-congo-and-rwanda-on-brink-of-historic-us-brokered-peace-deal/ar-AA1HxsIH?ocid=BingNewsVerp
Eexasho haweeneed

**Eexasho Haweeneed** (ingiriis: feminism)  waa dhaqdhaqaaq bulsho, siyaasadeed, iyo dhaqameed oo loogu talagalay in la gaaro sinaanta jinsiga iyadoo la taageerayo xuquuqda, fursadaha, iyo awood-siinta haweenka. Waxay caqabadda ku tahay doorarka jinsiga iyo caadooyinka bulshada ee sii wata takoorka, iyadoo u dagaallamaysa burburinta caqabadaha nidaamsan ee xannibaya helitaanka haweenka ee waxbarashada, shaqada, iyo ka qaybgalka siyaasadda. Feminism waxay dooneysaa in la xalliyo arrimo sida rabshadaha ku saleysan jinsiga, mushaarka aan sinnayn, xuquuqda taranka, iyo matalaadda haweenka oo hooseysa ee meelo hoggaamineed, iyadoo sidoo kale dhiirrigelinaysa fikradda ah in haweenka iyo ragga ay leeyihiin xuquuq, masuuliyad, iyo fursado siman dhammaan qaybaha nolosha. Ugu dambeyntii, feminism waa ku dhaqanka adduun aan qof kasta lagu xaddidin ama lagu qeexin jinsigooda.

## tixraac
Maalqabeen

**maalqabeen** (ingiriis: middle class)  waa koox bulsho iyo dhaqaale ah oo caadiyan ku dhex jirta heerarka sare iyo hoose ee bulshada. Xubnaha maalqabeenada badanaa waxay leeyihiin dakhli xasilloon oo dhexdhexaad ah, taas oo u oggolaanaysa inay ku noolaadaan nolol raaxo leh, oo ay ka mid tahay lahaanshaha guri, helitaanka waxbarasho, daryeel caafimaad, iyo qaar ka mid ah hawlaha madadaalada. Maalqabeenka guud ahaan waxaa lagu gartaa shaqooyinka gacanta ama shaqaalaha xirfadlayaasha ah ee xirfadlayaasha ah, iyo ganacsatada yaryar. Kooxdan badanaa waxay leeyihiin saameyn dhaqaale iyo dhaqan oo weyn, maadaama ay badanaa leeyihiin heerar waxbarasho sare iyo badbaado shaqo oo ka wanaagsan dadka ka tirsan klas-ka hoose. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qeexitaanka maalqabeenka wuxuu ku kala duwanaan karaa waddan kasta, maadaama heerarka dakhliga, kharashka nolosha, iyo filashooyinka bulshada ay kala duwan yihiin. Bulshooyin badan, maalqabeenka waxaa loo arkaa laf-dhabarka dhaqaalaha, iyada oo kaalin muhiim ah ka ciyaaraya kobcinta isticmaalka, maalgelinta, iyo xasilloonida bulshada.
Hirka labaad ee eex-haweeneed

**Hirka labaad ee Eexashada-Haweeneed** (ingiriis: second-wave feminism) , oo soo ifbaxay qarnigii 20-aad (qiyaastii intii u dhaxeysay 1960-yadii ilaa 1980-yadii), wuxuu diiradda saaray ballaarinta dagaalka sinaanta jinsiga, isagoo ka baxsan caqabadaha sharciga ee wave-kii hore (oo inta badan xoogga saaray xuquuqda codbixinta). Wave-kan wuxuu ka hadlay arrimo sida takoorka shaqada, xuquuqda taranka, galmada, doorarka jinsiga, iyo caddaalad darrada sharciga ee meelaha sida guurka, furriinka, iyo xuquuqda lahaanshaha. Sidoo kale, wuxuu xoogga saaray baahida loo qabo isbeddel dhaqan iyo bulsho, isagoo caqabadda ku ah doorka dhaqameed ee haweenka ee kaliya ahaanaya xaasas iyo hooyooyin. Buugaag muhiim ah sida The Feminine Mystique (1963) ee Betty Friedan ayaa gacan ka geysatay kicinta dhaqdhaqaaqa, iyadoo muujineysa dhegaysiga iyo qancinta haweenka badan ee la kulmay xadgudubyada ka yimid doorarkooda xaddidan ee guriga. Hirka labaad eex-hawen sidoo kale wuxuu noqday mid aad u isdaba joog ah, inkastoo markii hore uu inta badan diiradda saaray xaaladaha haweenka caddaan ah ee fasalka dhexe. Wakhti ka dib, wuxuu ballaariyay in uu ka mid noqdo codadka iyo dadaallada haweenka ka socda bulshooyinka kala duwan ee jinsiyadda, dhaqaalaha, iyo jinsiga. Dhaqdhaqaaqan ayaa sidoo kale u diyaariyay jidad cusub ee dhaqdhaqaaqyada eex-haweenka mustaqbalka, isagoo kor u qaaday wacyiga ku saabsan asalka iyo sababaha nidaamsan ee sinaan darrada jinsiga.

## tixraac
Ilwareerto

**ilwareerto** (ingiriis: horizon) waa xariiqda uu dhulku muuqdo inuu ku dhex milmo samada, taasoo sameysa xuduud u dhexeeya labadoodaba. Waa meesha ugu fog ee laga arki karo meel gaar ah, taasoo saameyn ku leh arrimo sida qallooca dhulka, heerka aragtida ee qofka, iyo deegaanka ku xeeran. Inkastoo ay caadi ahaan u muuqato xariiq siman oo fog, qaabka dhabta ah ee ilwareerto waa la qaloocsan yahay sababo la xiriira wareegga dhulka. Xagga cilmiga xiddigmaalka, ilwareerto waa xariiqda u dhexeysa deegaanka maxalliga ah ee ardayga iyo samada, halkaasoo ay ku soo muuqdaan jidhadhka cirka sida xiddigaha iyo meerayaasha. Erayga ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa si murti ah, iyadoo loola jeedo xadka aqoonta ama waaya-aragnimada qofka, taasoo mararka qaar calaamad u ah fursadaha lagu ogaado iyo ballaarinta aragtida.
Degmada Qalaafe

Qalaafe waa degmo taariikhi ah oo kutaala gobolka Shabeelle ee dowlad deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. Waxaa la degay ugu yaraan kumanaan sano kahor, oo ay degeen dadyoow kasoo guuray dooxada niil. Waxaana ilaa haatan degan dadyoowgii kasoo faracmay dadkaasi, waxaana kamid ah:-  Beesha Reer Geedoow iyo Beesha Calimaad oo ilaa haatan degan dhulweynaha Qalaafe.

Marxalado badan oo ay soo martay Qalaafe oo boqortooyooyin badan ay u noqotay caasimad iyo goob istiraatiiji ah qarniyaal kahor, ugu dambeyntii waxaa 1938 u magaacay gobol buuxa boqorkii ugu dambeeyay ee boqortooyadii Itoobiya boqor Raastafari Mokonen (Xeyle Salaase), waxaana hoos imaanjiray degmooyinka kala ah Qalaafe, Mustaxiil, Feerfeer iyo qeybo kamid ah degmada Shilaabo, oo caasimadna ay u aheyd magaalada Qalaafe ilaa uu gobolkaasi ka burburay oo uu kala furfurmay 1993 dii.

Kadibna Qalaafe waxa ay kusoo noqotay degmanimadeedii hore waxaana ka go'ay dhulal badan oo hoos imaan jiray sida Mustaxiil, Feerfeer iyo qeybo Shilaabo katirsan.

Guud ahaan dhulweynaha Qalaafe maanta waxaa loo qeybiyaa seddex deegaan oo kala ah:-

# Deegaanka Bur'Cadde oo ay degaan Reer Geedoow iyo Calimaad.
# Deegaanka Bayaxaaw oo ay degaan Dagiine.
# Deegaanka Barwaaqo oo ay degaan Reer Ciise, Reer Cumar (Gasar) iyo Baajamaal.
Qalaafada maanta casriga ah waxaa aas-aaseen Reer Geedoow, waxa ayna kusoo dhoweeyeen dadyowga kale ee maanta la degan si walaalnimo, wadajir, waxqeybsi iyo wadatashiba ku dheehan.

Qalaafe waxa ay xuduud la wadaagtaa degmooyinka kala ah:- Godey, Cadaadley, Mustaxiil oo kuwada yaala isla gobolka Shabeelle ee DDS iyo degmada Ceel-Barde ee gobolka Bakool ee dowlad goboleedka Koonfur-Galbeed Soomaaliya.

Qalaafe waa dhul baaxad weyn, oo leh dhul beereed iyo dhul daaqsin ah, dadka kunoolna badankooda waa beeraley iyo xoolla dhaqato gaar ahaan Lo'da, Ariga iyo Idaha.

Dalaga kasoo go'a Qalaafe waxaa loo suuqgeeyaa Godeey, Jigjiga, Dhuusamareeb, Gaalgacyo, Garoowe, Boosaaso iyo guud ahaan geyiga Soomaaliyeed.

Beesha ugu badan ee degan degmada Qalaafe waa beesha Reer Geedoow oo ah beesha koowaad ee degmada.

Waxaa kaloo degan Beelaha Reer Shabeelle.

Baaxada ay ku fadhiso degmadani waa qiyaastii ilaa 9,300km², waxaana dhexmara webiga Shabeelle.
Ciyaar saxaaxeed

**Ciyaar saxaaeed** (ingiriis: playing doctor) waa eray si caadi ah loogu isticmaalo carruurta ay ku dhexjirto ciyaar iyo baaritaan jidhkooda, gaar ahaan carruurta da'doodu tahay inta u dhexeysa 3 iyo 6 sano. Ciyaartan waxay ka timid xiisaha dabiiciga ah ee carruurtu u qabaan kala duwanaanshaha jidhka, iyagoo bilaabaya inay ogaadaan in dadka ay leeyihiin astaamo jidh oo kala duwan. Ficilka "playing doctor" ama ciyaar saxaaxeed wuxuu inta badan ku lug leeyahay carruurta oo qaata doorka dhakhtar iyo bukaanka, waxaana lagu sameeyaa baaritaan ama "examination" jidhka, gaar ahaan xubnaha gaarka ah. Ciyaartan waxay u badan tahay inay tahay mid ciyaareed oo carruurtu ku bartaan jidhkooda, qaab nololeedkooda, iyo xuduudaha khaaska ah. Inta badan, waa qeyb ka mid ah korriinka caadiga ah ee carruurta, oo aysan ku jirin ujeedooyin galmo oo aan ku saleysneyn waxbarasho ama fahamka nafsiyadeed ee jidhka iyo kala duwanaanshihiisa.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ciyaar saxaaxeed "playing doctor" waxay ka soocan tahay dhaqannada ka duwan sida rabshadaha galmada ee carruurta ka dhex dhaca, kuwaas oo lagu garto khiyaano, cadaadis, ama rabitaan galmo oo ujeeddooyin xun oo aan ku jirin kaliya xiisaha nafsiyadeed ee carruurta. Dhakhaatiirta iyo cilmi-baarayaasha carruurtu waxay xoogga saaraan in haddii ciyaarahan ay ku dhacaan si is-afgarad leh, aan la isticmaalin awood ama khiyaano, isla markaana ay carruurtu ku jiraan da’ isku dhow, ay tahay qeyb ka mid ah horumarka dabiiciga ah ee carruurta. Marka waalidiinta ama daryeelayaasha ay ogaadaan ciyaartan, waxaa la talinayaa in ay si deggan uga jawaabaan, iyagoo ka faa'iideysanaya fursadan si ay u baraan carruurta khaasatan arrimaha asturnaanta, oggolaanshaha, iyo xuduudaha dadka kale. Muhiimadda waa in carruurtu ay fahmaan muhiimada ay leedahay ilaalinta jidhkooda iyo ixtiraamka jirka dadka kale, gaar ahaan marka ay korodhaan oo ay noqdaan kuwo si wanaagsan uga warqaba caadooyinka bulshada iyo waxa laga filayo.
Xariiqtaag iyo xariiqjiif

**Xiriiqtaag iyo xariiqjiif**  (ingiriis: vertical and horizontal) waxay qeexayaan laba jiho oo muhiim ah oo loo isticmaalo in lagu muujiyo jihada ama isdhexgalka booska. "Xariiqjiif" ama "dadab" waxay tilmaamaysaa jihada la barbar ah ilwareerto, oo badanaa ka bilaabata bidix ilaa midig ama dhinac ilaa dhinac. Waa mid siman oo leexsan, waxayna la mid tahay sida miiska ama khad ilwareerto u muuqdo. Dhanka kale, "xariiqtaag"  waxay tilmaamaysaa jihada ku qoton ilwareerto, oo ka bilaabata sare ilaa hoose. Khasab waxay u taagan tahay si toos ah, sida derbiga dhismaha ama tiirka calanka. Si kooban, khadadka xariiqjiif waxay la siman yihiin dhulka, halka khadadka ariiqtaag ay istaagaan ama hoos ugu dhacaan, oo ku taagan xagal ku qoron ilwareerto.
Mararrow

**mararrow** (ingiriis: hobby, pasttime, pastime) waa hawl qofku ka hwlgalo waqtigiisa nasiino, hakasho, biririf ama casariye, badanaa si uu ugu raaxeysto, ugu nasto, ama ugu qanco. Waa wax si ikhtiyaari ah loo sameeyo, inta badan waxa ay ku salaysan tahay xiiso ama jacayl dhab ah, waxaana caadi ahaan aan loo sameynin faa'iido dhaqaale ama guul xirfadeed. mararrowgu waxay qaab kala duwan yihiin, laga bilaabo hawlaha hal-abuurka ah sida rinjiyeynta, qoraalka, ama farsamaynta, ilaa hawlaha jireed sida isboortiga, socodka buuraha, ama qoob-ka-ciyaarka, ilaa caqabadaha maskaxda sida akhriska, xalinta xallinta ama shatarka. Waxay u adeegaan sidii xal loogu helayo isku dheelitirnaanta nolosha, waxayna badanaa bixiyaan dareen guul iyo qanacsanaan. mararrowga sidoo kale waxay noqon karaan kuwo bulsho, iyadoo qofku uu la xiriirayo dadka isku xiisaha leh, wadaagaya waayo-aragnimo, iyo abuuri karaan dareen bulsho. Ugu dambeyntii, mararrow wuxuu nolosha ka dhigayaa mid dhammaystiran iyadoo qofku helayo fursad uu ku sahmiyo xiisaha shaqsiyadeed, ku horumariyo xirfado cusub, iyo ku raaxeysto daqiiqadaha fudud ee maalinlaha ah.
Hoosgunti

**Hoosgunti** (;)  waa dhar isbeddel leh oo aan jinsiyad lahayn, kaas oo ka kooban maro weyn oo caadiyan lagu xirto siliga ama qeybta hoose ee jirka, iyadoo la isku xirayo, la marsanayo, ama la isticmaalayo suunka. Surwaaladan ayaa laga isticmaali jiray dhaqammo kala duwan oo adduunka ah, iyagoo ku habboon cimilada, dhaqanka, iyo qaababka kala duwan. Badanaa waxay ka muuqdaan deegaanada kuleylaha ee Koonfur Bari Aasiya, Jasiiradaha Baasifiiga, Bariga Dhexe, iyo Waqooyiga Afrika, hoosgunti ayaa bixiya raaxo, neefsi, iyo awood dhaqdhaqaaq, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon labbiska maalinle ah iyo munaasabadaha caadiga ah. Haddii uu yahay sarong mid midab leh ama izar fudud oo leh xushmad, hoosgunti waa dhar waara oo ka tarjumaya xiriir qoto dheer oo la leh dabiiciga iyo shaqeynta, isagoo bixinaya xorriyad dhaqdhaqaaq oo deegaanka kuleylaha ama saxaraha.

Dumarka iyo ragga labadaba ayaa si fudud ugu xirta hoosgunti, waxaana loo qaabeeyey inay noqdaan dhar aad u fudud oo ku habboon dhammaan jinsiyadaha, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ka mid ah tusaalooyinka ugu wanaagsan ee dharka shaqada leh ee aan jinsiga lahayn. Agabka lagu sameeyo wuxuu u dhexeeyaa suufka fudud, dhogorta ama silkska quruxda badan, taasoo u oggolaanaysa in loo isticmaalo munaasabado kala duwan, laga bilaabo xeebaha ilaa xafladaha rasmiga ah. Awoodda hoosgunti ee uu ku dhex milmo dhaqammo kala duwan—haddii uu yahay astaan fudud oo xeebta ah, qayb ka mid ah dharka dhaqameed, ama muuqaal moodada casriga ah—ayaa muujineysa isbeddelkiisa iyo muhiimaddiisa xilliyada maanta, isagoo ka tarjumaya raaxo iyo qaab, isla markaana xushmeynaya xididdadiisa dhaqameed ee adduunka oo dhan.

## Sidoo kale fiiri
* Surwaal
* Shaadh
*macawiis
* Noocyada Dharka iyo Hu'ga

## Tixraac
Nashnaash

Nashnaash ama **Ilaaq** (; validation; ) waxay tixraacdaa dareenka, qadarin, aqbalaad, iyo xaqiijinta ay dadka leh dabeecadaha nafsiga sare (ama cudurka nafsiga sare) ka raadsadaan dadka kale si ay u sii hayaan is-aqoonsigooda iyo dareenkooda ah inay ka sarreeyaan dadka kale. Dadka leh astaamaha narcissism-ka, bixinta noocan oo kale ah waxay muhiim u tahay caafimaadkooda shucuurta, maadaama ay u quudiyaan kalsoonidooda nafsadeed ee daciifka ah iyo fikirkooda ku saabsan inay yihiin kuwo gaar ah. Bixinta noocan waxay ka timaadaa siyaabo kala duwan, sida amaan, aqoonsi, qadarin, ama xitaa kaliya inay noqdaan bartamaha fiiro gaar ah ee isdhexgalka bulshada. Markii dadka narcissistic-ka ahi aysan helin kafiil (supply) ku filan, waxay dareemi karaan dareen amni-darro, carqalad, ama niyad-jab. Baahida joogtada ah ee xaqiijinta waxay keeni kartaa dabeecado khiyaano leh ama isticmaalaya, maadaama ay inta badan u arkaan xiriirada sida hab ay ku sii hayaan ama ku kordhiyaan muhiimadooda. Bixinta nafsiga sare waa qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah sida dadka narcissistic-ka ahi ugu dhex socodsiiyaan adduunka iyo sida ay ula falgalaan dadka kale, taasoo inta badan horseedda xiriirro dhib leh ama dhinac kaliya ah. 

## La Xidhiidha

* Xanuun
* Caafimaad

## Tixraac
Liiska madaxda gobolada Hindiya

## Liiska madaxda gobolada Hindiya

### Dinasti Mamluk Delhi (1206–1290)

* Qutb-ud-din Aibak (1206-1210)
* Aram Shah (1210-1211)
* Syams-ud-din Iltutmish (1211–1236)
* Rukn-ud-din Firuz (1236)
* Raziyyat ud din Sultana (1236–1240)
* Muiz-ud-din Bahram (1240–1242)
* Ala-ud-din Masud (1242–1246)
* Nasir-ud-din Mahmud (1246–1266)
* Ghiyas-ud-din Balban (1266–1286)
* Muiz-ud-din Qaiqabad (1286–1290)
* Shamsuddin Kayumars (1290)

### Dinasti Khalji (1290–1320)

* Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji (1290–1296)
* Alauddin Khalji (1296–1316)
* Qutb ud din Mubarak Shah (1316–1320)
* Khusro Khan (1320)

### Dinasti Tughlaq (1321–1414)

* Ghiyasu-Din Tughluq I (1321–1325)
* Muhammad Shah Tughuluq I (1325–1351)
* Muhammad Shah Tughuluq II (1351–1388)
* Ghiyas-ud-Din Tughluq II (1388–1389)
* Abu Bakr Shah (1389–1390)
* Muhammad Shah Tughluq III (1390–1394)
* Muhammad Shah Tughuluq IV (1394–1413)

Setelah invasi Timur Lenk pada tahun 1398, gubernur Multan, Khizr Khan menggantikan dinasti Tughlaq pada tahun 1414.

### Dinasti Sayyid (1414–1451)

* Khizr Khan (1414–1421)
* Mubarak Shah (1421–1434)
* Muhammad Shah (1434–1445)
* Alam Shah (1445–1451)

### Dinasti Lodi (1451–1526)

* Bahlul Khan Lodi (1451–1489)
* Sikandar Lodi (1489–1517)
* Ibrahim Lodi (1517-1526), dikalahkan oleh Babur (yang menggantikan Kesultanan Delhi dengan Kesultanan Mughal )

### Daftar Kaisar Mughal

Catatan:Para Kaisar Mughal menerapkan poligami. Disamping para istri mereka, mereka juga memiliki sejumlah selir di harem mereka, yang menghasilkan anak-anak. Ini menjadikannya sulit untuk mengidentitfikasi seluruh keturunan dari setiap kaisar.

## Boqor (1876-1947)
* Victoria (1876–1901)
* Edward VII (1901–1910)
*  George V (1910–1936)
* Edward VIII (1936)
* George VI (1936–1950)

## List
### Governor-General of the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal (1773–1833)
The Regulating Act of 1773 replaced the office of the Governor of the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal with Governor-General of the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal. The office of the Governor of the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal was restored in 1833.

### Governors-General and Viceroys of India and Governors-General of the [[Dominion of India]], 1858–1950

## Madaxweynaha Hindiya

## sido kale fiiri
*Luqadaha Hindika
*India visa Dalalka
* Howrah Bridge

## I
Magac guud

**Magac guud** (ingiriis: common noun)  waa erey guud oo loo isticmaalo in lagu tilmaamo wax, meel, shay, ama fikrad, iyada oo aan loo mucayin mid gaar ah. Waxay ka duwan tahay o ld u tahay magaca gaarka ah, kaas oo tilmaamaya wax ama shay gaar ah. Tusaale ahaan, ereyga "ey" waa magac guud, maadaama uu tilmaamayo ey kasta, ee aan loo cayimin mid gaar ah. Sidoo kale, "magaalo" waa magac guud, waayo waxay tilmaamaysaa magaalo kasta, ee aan loo mucayin mid gaar ah sida "Bosaso." Magacyada guud waxay si guud ugu adeegaan in lagu tilmaamo shay, qof, ama fikrad aan gaar ahayn, waxaana badanaa aan la xusin xarfo waaweyn ilaa ay ku bilowdaan jumlad.

## Fiiri
* Fardi
* Wadar
* Fal (Tagto, Joogto)
* Magac
* Sifo (naynaas)
* Xaalad 
* Mafcuul
* Xaraf

## Tixraac
Magac gaar

**Magac gaar** (ingiriis: proper noun) ah waa magac loo isticmaalo in lagu tilmaamo qof, meel, shay, ama hay’ad gaar ah. Waxaa loo adeegsadaa in lagu tilmaamo shay ama wax gaar ah, waxaana mar walba lagu qoraa xaraf weyn. Magacyada gaarka ah waxay kala soocaan shayga ama hay’adda gaarka ah marka loo eego magacyada guud ee tilmaamaya waxyaabo guud. Tusaale ahaan, "Cumar" waa magac gaar ah waayo wuxuu tilmaamayaa qof gaar ah, halka "magaalo" uu yahay magac guud maadaama uu tilmaamayo magaalo kasta. Sidoo kale, "Paris" waa magac gaar ah maadaama uu tilmaamayo magaalo gaar ah, iyo "Eiffel Tower" waa magac gaar ah maadaama uu tilmaamayo goob muuqaal ah oo gaar ah. Magacyada gaarka ah waxay naga caawiyaan in ereyo la kala sooco ama la kala booyaantiro.

## Fiiri
* Fardi
* Wadar
* Fal (Tagto, Joogto)
* Magac
* Sifo (naynaas)
* Xaalad 
* Mafcuul
* Xaraf

## Tixraac
Dabaqad mujtamac

**Dabaqad mujtamac** (ingiriis: social class) waa jaad bulsheed iyo nidaam kala sooc ah oo bulshada ku qeexaya kooxo dadka ah iyadoo lagu saleyn lahaa dhanka arrimo sida heerka dhaqaale, dakhliga, hantida, waxbarashada, xirfadda, iyo maqaam bulsheed. Waxa uu saameeyaa sida qofka uu u heli karo kheyraad, fursado, iyo awood, wuxuuna qaabeeyaa nolol-qaadkiisa, qiimihiisa, iyo xiriiradiisa bulshada. Dadka ka tirsan dabaqad mujtamac sare ee bulshada waxay inta badan helaan fursado wanaagsan oo ku saabsan waxbarashada tayada leh, daryeelka caafimaadka, iyo shaqooyinka, taas oo badanaa keenta xasilooni dhaqaale iyo koror bulsho. Dhanka kale, dadka ka tirsan dabaqad mujtamac hoose waxay wajihi karaan caqabado ku saabsan korriinka bulsho, oo ay ka mid yihiin helitaanka kheyraadkaas oo xaddidan, taas oo keenta wareegyo saboolnimo iyo sinnaan la’aan. Dabaqad mujtamac ma aha oo kaliya mid lagu go'aamiyo hantida, laakiin sidoo kale waxa uu ku xiran yahay maalka uu qofka dhaxlaya, gummudka qoyska, iyo xiriirka bulshada. Waxa uu door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraa natiijooyin nololeed, sida fursadaha ay helaan, iyo sida ay u arkaan bulshada.

## Fiiri
*Saayir-la'aan
*Dabaqad mujtamac
Reer geel-doon

**Reer geel-doon** **( reer cadde )**

Waa jifi kamid ah jifooyinka reer horogle ee beelaha madhibaan, jifidaan waa jifida ugu taariikhda dheer beelaha reer horogle, waana saldanad fac weyn waxaa ka dhashay ama ka dhalan jirey suldaamadii beeshu lahayd qarniyo ka hor.

Waxaa lagu xasuustaa tirada iyo tayada beesha waxay taale dhulka somalidu degto ee how'd iyo gobolada mudug iyo nugaal, jifidaan hada waxay degan yihiin magalada buurrinle ee gobolka nugaal gaar ahaan xaafada kampalla.

Waxaad magacooda ka dareemaysaa saldano fac ka fac ah inay yihiin, marka la joogo reer horogle waa jifida ugu caansan uguna reer magaalsan.

Reerkaan wxay asalkooda hore ahayeen reer xamar, waana dadka madaxda u ahaa reer horogle abidkood waxa ka dhashay suldaanka guud ee reer horogle ama reer xiildiid suldaan maxamuud suldan colaad  suldaan diriye suldaan cadde suldaan geeldoon.

Maanta marka loo eego way ku yaryihiin dalka somaliya oo waxay u badateen dibadaha, waxaase degan jifooyinka kale wadanka sida samatar, liibaan, iyo cigaal
Abtiriska caalin axmed

caalin axmed macalin cagey cali cabdalle yacquub warwaaq abti-idig mucle maxamed madarkicis  hiraab daame gorgaarte hawiye irir somali
Daljir

**Daljir** (; ) waa qof tababaran oo u shaqeeyo urur ciidan si uu u difaaco oo u ilaaliyo danaha, dhulka, iyo madaxbannaanida waddan ama koox. Waxay maraan tababar jismiga iyo maskaxda ah, kaas oo u diyaarinaya doodo kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin dagaal, dabagal, ilaalinta nabadda, iyo hawlaha taageerada. Daljirka waxaa looga baahan yahay inay isticmaalaan hubka, raacaan xeeladaha ciidanka, isla markaana si wax ku ool ah uga shaqeeyaan kooxda ama cutubka. Doorkooda waxay ku kala duwan yihiin heerka adeegga—askarta hawlgabka ah waxay u adeegaan waqti buuxa, halka daljir keydka ah ay u adeegaan waqti qayb ah, laakiin waxaa lagu soo rogi karaa howlgal waqti kasta oo baahi jirto. Daljirka khaaska ah, sida dhaqaatiirta, injineerada, iyo xabad-joojiyeyaasha, waxay diiradda saarayaan meelaha gaarka ah ee takhasuska. Marka laga soo tago diyaarinta jirka, daljirka waxay sidoo kale la kulmaan caqabado maskaxeed, sababtoo ah badanaa waxaa looga baahan yahay inay la tacaalaan xaalado adag oo khatar ku ah nolosha, raacaan amarada iyada oo aan su'aal laga keenin, iyo inay muujiyaan edeb iyo tarbiin adag. In kasta oo hawsha ugu muhiimsan ee daljirka ay tahay difaaca qaran, haddana waxay ka qeyb qaadan karaan hawlaha bini'aadamnimada, gargaarka masiibada, iyo ilaalinta nabadda, iyadoo ku xiran baahida waddankooda ama ururada caalamiga ah.

## Sidoo kale fiiri
* Ciidanka Amniga
* Ciidanka Sirdoonka
* Ciidanka Nabadsugida Soomaaliya

## Xigasho
Duuliyanimo (cirmaaxnimo)

**Cirmaaxnimo** ama **Duuliyanimo** () waa falalka bini’aadamka, geedisocodka iyo farsamada ku saabsan naqshadeynta, horumarinta, hawlgalka, iyo isticmaalka diyaaradaha. Tani waxay ka koobnaanaysaa noocyo badan oo gaadiid ah, laga bilaabo diyaaradaha qaboow (fixed-wing planes) iyo diyaaradaha wareega (rotary-wing helicopters) ilaa diyaaradaha tijaabada ah sida garbaha beddelaan (morphable wings) iyo noocyada cusub ee aan garbaha lahayn (wingless lifting bodies). Duuliyanimo sidoo kale waxay ku jirtaa gaadiidyo u diyaarsan hawada sida balaastikada kuleylka (hot air balloons), kaambiyadaha (airships), iyo diyaaradaha xariifka ah. Ujeedada ugu weyn ee duuliyanimo waa in laga gaaro duulimaad gudaha jawiga dhulka, haddii ay tahay gaadiidka, madadaalada, adeegyada milatariga, ama cilmi-baarista. Duuliyanimo waxay ka koobantahay labada dhinac ee madaniga ah iyo milatari, iyadoo aan kaliya lagu hawlgalin diyaaradaha, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa ku jira kaabayaasha taageeraya sida garoomada diyaaradaha, nidaamyada xakameynta duulista hawada, iyo xarumaha dayactirka. Duuliyanimo casri ah ayaa noqotay tiir muhiim ah oo isku xiraya dunida, iyadoo sahashay safarka, ganacsiga, iyo isgaarsiinta meelaha fog ee dunida si aan horay loo maleyn karin.

Horumarka Duuliyanimo wuxuu raacay raadkiisa bilowgii dadaallada aadanaha ee lagu doonayo in lagu xakameeyo cirka, iyadoo bilaabmaysa abuurista balaastikada kuleylka ee qarnigii 18aad. Duulimaadkii awoodda lahaa waxaa la xaqiijiyey dhammaadka qarnigii 19aad iyo bilowgii qarnigii 20aad, iyadoo ay jiraan dhacdooyin muhiim ah sida isku dayadii Clément Ader ee duulimaadka awoodda leh ee Faransiiska iyo guushii taariikhiga ahayd ee walaalaha Wright ee gaadhista duulimaadka koowaad ee la xakameyn karo oo joogto ah sanadka 1903. Tan iyo markaas, Duuliyanimo waxay ka soo martay horumaro tignoolajiyeed oo degdeg ah, gaar ahaan markii loo keenay matoorrada jiirka (jet engines), kuwaasoo dib u dhigay xawaaraha duulimaadkii ganacsiga iyo milatariga. Hal-abuurkan ayaa keenay inay noqoto xilligii casriga ee duuliyanimada, halkaasoo shirkadaha duulimaadku ay qaadaan malaayiin rakaab ah sanad walba, iyo diyaaradaha milatariga ay door weyn ka ciyaaraan xeeladaha dagaalka casriga ah. Duuliyanimo weli waxay sii wadaysaa horumarka iyadoo la horumarinayo diyaaradaha aan dadka lahayn (drones), tignoolajiyada duulimaadka xawaare sare (hypersonic), iyo shidaalka waara ee diyaaradaha, taasoo hubineysa in ay sii ahaato goobta ugu horeysa ee tignoolajiyada iyo horumarka bulshada.

## Sidoo kale fiiri
*Gego Diyaarad
*Socdaalka Soomaaliya
*Liiska Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya
*
*Liiska Gegooyinka Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya

## Tixraac
Ballanbaal

Waa degmo ka tirsan gobolka sanaag gaar ahaan garadag waxa degan reeryoonis gaar ahaan cismaan yoonis
Shirkad Vallis group

https://vallis-group.com/

**shirkad vallis group**

* **Ama: shirkad , macabka , cuntoka , duo,**

Shirkad fadhigeedu yahay dalka Ingiriiska oo bixisa xalal caalami ah oo laga helo dekedaha, beeralayda cuntada iyo qaybo badan oo fadhigeedu yahay UK ee Yurub.

## somaliland

## warka
* https://horntribune.com/2025/07/07/investment-minister-meets-vallis-advisory-to-boost-economic-growth/
* https://somalilandstandard.com/investment-minister-meets-vallis-advisory-to-boost-economic-growth/
Dhulgoosi

**dhulgoosi** (;) waa nidaam bulsho, siyaasadeed, iyo dhaqaale oo lagu garto qaab-dhismeed hogaamineed, halkaas oo dhulka iyo xakamaynta kheyraadku yihiin kuwa ugu muhiimsan awoodda. Aasaaska nidaamkan, boqorradu ama hogaamiyayaasha guud ahaan waxay leeyihiin dhammaan dhulka, waxayna u qaybiyaan qaybaha dhulalka kuwa sare ee bulshada (sida naasirka ama dadka muhiimka ah) si ay u helaan daacadnimo, taageero ciidan, ama adeegyo kale. Is-weydaarsigan wuxuu dhisayaa xiriir is-waafajin ah oo ka dhexeeya boqorka iyo dadka sare.

Badal ahaan dhul, kuwa la siiyo dhulalka—sida lord-yada ama vassals—waxay maamulaan oo xukumaan dhulka, waxayna ilaashanayaan ama bixiyaan kheyraad ama askar marka loo baahdo. Lord-yada, dhinacooda, waxay u qaybin karaan qaybaha dhulkooda kuwa hooseeya, sida knights ama vassals kale, taasoo abuureysa shabakad daacadnimo iyo ku-tiirsanaan ah. Sida hoos uga sii dhacdo hierarki-ga, dadku waxay ku tiirsan yihiin dhulka si ay noloshooda iyo amnigooda u helaan.

Dhinaca hoose ee nidaamkan waxaa ku jira beeraleyda ama serfs-ka, kuwaas oo shaqeeya dhulka. In kasta oo serfs-ku aysan ahaanin addoomo, haddana waxay ku xiran yihiin dhulka oo ma bixi karaan iyada oo aan oggolaansho laga helin. Bedel ahaan amniga iyo xaqa ay u leeyihiin inay ka shaqeeyaan dhulka, waxay u soo bandhigaan shaqo, badeeco, ama qayb ka mid ah dalagga ay beeran. Nidaamkan is-weydaarsiga dhulka ayaa suurtageliyay in bulshooyinka dhulgoosi ay shaqeeyaan, laakiin sidoo kale waxay xoojisay kala-duwanaanshiyaha weyn ee hantida iyo awoodda.

Guud ahaan, dhulgoosi waa nidaam aan dhexdhexaad ahayn oo awooddu ku qaybsoontahay xiriirada shakhsiyeed iyo waajibaadka dhulka ku saleysan, halkii ay awooddu ku xoogsan lahayd dowlad dhexe. Waa qaab-dhismeed ka jiray meelaha kala duwan ee dunida, inkasta oo faahfaahinta qaab dhismeedkiisu ay aad uga duwanaan karto iyadoo ku xiran gobolka iyo xilligii.

## Sidoo kale fiiri
* Maamul
* Dowlad

## Xigasho
* "The Executive Branch". The White House. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
* "Executive Branch of Government in Canada". Parliament of Canada. Retrieved 4 July 2015.

## Tixraac
Beesha Reer Xaaji Saleebaan

Maxaa ka taqaan Beesha Saleebaan Madar Kicis Hiraab

Saleebaan Madar Kicis Hiraab waa beel aad u badan oo degaan Gobolada dhexe ee GALGADUUD iyo Mudug iyo daagano ka mid ah Islmaamulka Itoobiya waxay kaloo dagaan gobolka banaadir & Shabeelaa Hoose.

waxayna ku badanyihiin maamul Goboleedka baaxada weyn ee la yiraahdo Ximan iyo xeeb.

Caasimada maamulkaan waa Cadaado, Beesha saleebaan Waxay degtaa dhul balaaran, laga soo bilaabo Magaalada Taariikhiga ah ee Hobyo, lagu geeyo Daanyeer oo ah magaalo xuduud la wadaagto dalka itoobiya, waana masaafo dhan 590 km,, baa Lagu Qiyaasaa Waxaa jiro dad caan ah oo ka dhashay beeshaan, oo soo abaabulay warbaahintii ugu horaysay ee xor ah oo dalka laga hirgaliyo,sida waragaysyada qaran xog-ogaal, ayaamaha, laacib, gool, wariyaasha uga caansan waxaa ka mid ah , mahad axmed cilmi, cumar diini, caano geel, cabdulaahi black cabdulaahi , fahad bile gurxan , maxamed xaaji ingiriis , cabdi casiis saadaad , cabdulaahi taajirow, alcadaala , amiin yuusuf qasaaro cabdi aadan, Hassan Baashi Abdi Aden

waxay u kala baxdaa beeshu DHASHAME & FARAX

DASHAME wuxuu u kala baxaa Gaabane iyi Obokor.

Obokar waxa u sii kala baxaa hugun guule iyo Arwaaq.

hugun guule waxa uu u kala baxaa 1. **Cali Aaden** ( waxaana ka soo jeeda dad caan ah sida Raysul wasaare gacma dheere, Axmed cariiri, odowaa, Dr. guuleed) 2. reer Ebekar 3. Ciise Dheere.

Arwaaq na waxuu u kala baxaa 1-Gadaf ( waxaa kasoo jeeda rag caana sida Drcaanka ah ee Xangul iyo xuseen Ali shido oo ahaa wasiirka ka tirsana dowlada siyaad bare) 2- Ali jiis 3- Ali gurey

gaabana Wuxuu u kala baxaa 1. Cabdi gaabane 2. maxamed gaabane( faarax Rooble & maxamed Rooble iyo reer Ugaas ) habarrawe ciganle 5. habaraawe 6. cabdi gaab 7. yabaroow

farax waxa uu ku kala baxaa Heesoow & maxamed cabdi

1- reer xirsi 2- reer muuse 3- reer caraaye 4- reer warsame 5- reer Gaafoow 6- Midi Yar waxey ka mid yihiin hadda reer xirsi 7- reer warfaa 8- bahabgaal
Falal-saxaaxeed afka

**falal saxaaxeed afka**  waxa uu tilmaamayaa ficilka galmada ee qofku ku kiciyo xubinta taranka ee qof kale adigoo isticmaalaya afkiisa, bushimaha, ama luqunta. Waxa uu ka koobnaan karaa noocyo kala duwan oo kicinta ah, sida cunnilingus (kicinta xubinta taranka ee haweenka ee afka) ama fellatio (kicinta xubinta taranka ee ragga ee afka). Tani waa dhaqan galmo oo caadi ah oo u dhaxaysa dadka waaweyn ee isku raacsan, waxaana laga yaabaa inuu qayb ka noqdo xiriir galmo oo ballaaran.
Sunni-ururin

**Sunni-ururin** (af-ingiriis: frown, frowning) waa dareen wejiga ka muuqda oo badanaa ay ku jirto muruqyada indhaha oo isku biirsan iyo geesaha afka oo hoos u dhaca. Tani guud ahaan waxay muujineysaa dareen sida niyad-jab, xanaaq, walwal, ama xitaa jahwareer. Ficilkaasi wuxuu inta badan ka dhashaa jawaab celin aan toos ahayn oo ku saabsan dareen xun ama fikradaha.
Dilka Pamela Mastropietro 2018

**Dilka Pamela Mastropietro 2018**

 **Pamela Mastropietro**

kofka dileh: **Innocent Oseghale**

Haweeneydan oo 18 sano jir ah ayaa lagu dilay dalka Talyaaniga iyadoo da'deedu tahay 18 sano jir, iyadoo falkan uu sababay qeylo dhaan ka dhacday Talyaaniga oo lagu sheegay inuu ahaa muhaajir ee uusan ahayn qof Talyaani ah oo dilay haweenkan.

## warka
* https://www.agenzianova.com/en/news/omicidio-pamela-mastropietro-la-cassazione-conferma-lergastolo-per-oseghale/
* https://www.unionesarda.it/en/italy/pamela-mastropietro-murder-life-sentence-for-innocent-oseghale-final-yqsdivy3
* https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/927248/Italian-election-results-Pamela-Mastropietro-MS5-Di-Maio-Salvini-league-lega-who-won
Madaxweyneyaashii Waqooyi-bari

**Madaxweyneyaashii soo maray dalka [[Waqooyibari]] (iyo SSC-Maakhir).**

## Sidoo kale fiiri
Ra'iisul wasaarayaashii Soomaaliya
Dilka Maria Ladenburger 2016

**Dilka Maria Ladenburger 2016**

 2016

Dilka **Maria Ladenburger** 

Dilkii dumarka Jarmalka ee uu u geystay tahriibe afganistan , kufsi iyo dil , ardayad caafimaadka baranaysay oo lagu magacaabo Maria , waxa lagu dilay meel u dhow wabi ku yaala Jarmalka , iyada oo 19 jir ah , dambi waxaa galay Qaxooti Afganistan

## warka
* https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-43498151
* https://www.euronews.com/2018/03/21/life-sentence-for-student-murder-in-germany
* https://www.france24.com/en/20180322-asylum-seeker-faces-verdict-rape-murder-german-student
* https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/asylum-seeker-who-lied-being-12230943
Kufsi Jarmal Nag Jarmal 2020

**Kufsi Jarmal Nag Jarmal 2020**

 kufsi

**kufsi:nag jarmal**
Daadka:**10** syria , afghanistan , iraq

Kufsi wadareed oo ka dhacay Jarmalka halkaas oo 10 nin ay weerareen kuna kufsadeen haween gobolka Freiburg ee Jarmalka, muwaadiniinta Ciraaq Afghanistan iyo Suuriya

## warka
* https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-53517022
* https://www.dw.com/en/german-trial-into-group-rape-outside-nightclub-opens/a-49357989
* https://www.fijivillage.com/news/Ten-men-convicted-over-gang-rape-in-Germany-548rfx/
Muranka Canshuur USA

**Murnaka Canshuur USA**

Canshuurta laga qaado badeecooyinka ka yimaada wadamada Mareykanka , Mareykanka ayaa canshuur weyn ku soo rogay badeecadaha kala duwan ee ka yimaada dalal kala duwan Mareykanka ayaa arrintan u sameeyay sababtoo ah wuxuu doonayay inuu horumariyo dhaqaalihiisa isagoo canshuur ka qaadaya badeecadaha dalal kala duwan ka yimid , meelo kala duwan sida Yurub ayaa diiday iyo wadamo ay ka mid yihiin Shiinaha oo helay canshuur weyn oo ay ka iibinayaan Mareykanka.

## warka
* https://anewz.tv/world/world-news/10963/eu-weighs-retaliation-as-us-trade-talks-falter/news
* https://www.reuters.com/business/trump-announces-30-tariffs-eu-2025-07-12/
* https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/17/business/trump-graphite-tariff-electric-vehicles.html
* https://www.turkiyetoday.com/business/opportunities-await-turkiye-amid-us-china-trade-war-tariffs-143384/
Garsaqaf

Garsaqaf (af-ingiriis: goatee) waa qaabka timaha wejiga ee lagu koriya bushimaha hoose, badanaana waxaa lagu daraa xadhig khafiif ah oo timaha ah oo ku yaal bushimaha kore, laakiin aan la haysan misne buuxa. Caadi ahaan, timaha dhanka hoose waxaa loo qaabeeyaa in uu noqdo baal yar oo dhibic ah, inkastoo qaabab kala duwan oo ku habboon ay jiri karaan, mararka qaarna waxaa lagu daraa "soul patch" (xadhig yar oo timaha ah oo hoos ka muuqda bushimaha hoose) ama aan loo isticmaalin. Garsaqaf waa qaab timaha wejiga oo caan ku ah ragga, waxaana loo isticmaalaa noocyo kala duwan, iyadoo inta badan lagu xusayo dhaqammo ama isbeddello kala duwan.
Liska Xibiga Dunida

Liska Xibiga Dunida

* DPK
* Xisbiga Kulmiye
* Xisbiga UCID
* African National Congress
* Liberal Democrats
* Xisbiga Hantiwadaagga Soomaaliyeed
* Xisbiga shacabka iyo xoriyada Holand
* IDPS
* Barisan National
Muranka suwayda suuriya iyo druze

**Muranka suwayda suuriya iyo druze**

Dagaalada ka socda dalka suuriya ee u dhaxeeya falaagada Druze iyo kuwa Carabta oo dhibaato u geysta magaalada Suwayda , colaada ka aloosan suuriya ayaa socota sanado iyo dagaal weyn tan iyo 2008dii

## warka
* https://www.bluewin.ch/en/news/international/bedouin-families-are-expelled-from-suwaida-2791831.html
* https://5pillarsuk.com/2025/07/19/clashes-ongoing-in-suwaida-as-syrian-security-forces-deploy-to-enforce-ceasefire/
Hantida

Hantidu waa nidaam xuquuqeed oo siinaya dadka si sharci ah u xakameynaya waxyaabaha qiimaha leh, iyo sidoo kale tilmaamaya waxyaabaha qiimaha leh laftooda. Iyadoo ku xiran nooca hantida, milkiilaha hantidu wuxuu xaq u yeelan karaa inuu isticmaalo, beddelo, qaybsado, kireeyo, iibiyo, beddelo, beddelo, bixiyo, ama baabi'iyo, ama inuu ka reebo kuwa kale inay sameeyaan waxyaalahan, iyo sidoo kale laga yaabaa inuu ka tago; iyadoon loo eegin nooca hantida, milkiilaha ayaa xaq u leh inuu si sax ah u isticmaalo iyada oo la raacayo xuquuqda lahaanshaha la siiyay .

## Tixraac
Right to Private Property

Property and Ownership
Af-Bangalaa

**Af-Bangalaa** (/ bɛnɡɔːli /), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano Bangla (UK: / bʌŋlɜːr /; বাংলা), waa luqad Indo-Aryan ku hadasha Koonfurta Aasiya. Waa luqadda rasmiga ah ee ugu ballaaran ee Bangladesh, halka kan labaadna looga hadlo 22 luqadood oo ah jadwalka Hindiya, oo ka dambeeya Hindi.

Luuqada rasmiga ah ee rasmiga ah ee Bangladesh waa bangiga casriga ah ee Bangladesh (Bariishal). Waxay u adeegtaa sida lingua franca ee qaranka, iyadoo 98% Bangladeshis ay si fiican ugu hadli jireen Bangladesh (oo ay ku jiraan lahjadaha) sida luqadooda koowaad. Gudaha India, Bangladesh waa luqadda rasmiga ah ee gobolada West Bengal, Tripura iyo dooxada Barak ee gobolka Assam. Waxaa sidoo kale laga hadlay qeybo kala duwan oo ka mid ah dooxada Brahmaputra ee Assam. Sidoo kale waa luqada ugu badan ee lagu hadlo ee ku yaalla xuduudaha Andaman iyo Nicobar ee Bay of Bengal, waxayna ku hadlaan beelaha laga tirada badan yahay ee gobollada kale oo ay ka mid yihiin Jharkhand, Bihar, Mizoram, Meghalaya, iyo Odisha. Qiyaastii 250-300 milyan wadarta guud ee ku hadla adduunka oo dhan, Bangladesh waxaa badanaa lagu tiriyaa sida ugu badan ee lagu hadlo afafka hooyo ee dunida ugu weyn.

Qaamuusyada laga soo bilaabo qarnigii 20aad waxay u dhigantaa in ka badan kala badh erayada Bangladeshga erayada afka hooyo (sida, ereyada Sanskrit oo isbeddel ah, ereyo Sanskrit ereyo ah, iyo ereyada luuqadaha non-Indo-Yurub), boqolkiiba 30 waxay ahaayeen ereyada aan lagu qorin Sanskrit , iyo inta ka hartay erayada shisheeye Dominant ee ugu dambeysay ee Faarax, kaas oo sidoo kale ahaa ilaha naxwaha qaar ka mid ah. Daraasadihii ugu dambeeyey waxay soo jeediyeen in isticmaalka erayada ajaanibta iyo ajnabiga ay sii kordhayaan, badanaa sababta oo ah waxay doorbidaan kuwa ku hadla afafka Bengaaliga ee qaabka isdhaafka.

## Waddanmaha Hadalka Bangali

* Bangladesh

* Nancowry
Dagaal duurxul

**Dagaal duurxul** (ingiriis: guerrilla warfare)  wuxuu u taamaya nooc dagaal aan caadi ahayn oo ay kooxo yaryar, oo inta badan ka kooban dad rayid ah ama askar aan xirfadlayaal ahayn, isticmaalaan xeelado aan caadi ahayn si ay u dhibaan, u burburiyaan, una weeraraan ciidamo waaweyn oo awood badan. Halkii laga isticmaali lahaa dagaal toos ah, xeeladaha duurxul waxay ku tiirsan yihiin lama filaan, qarsoodi, iyo aqoonta dhulka, iyagoo ujeedkoodu yahay inay carqaladeeyaan oo yareeyaan xoogagga cadawga wakhti ka dib, halkii ay ka qaban lahaayeen dagaallo waaweyn oo toos ah. Kooxahani badanaa ma doodi doonaan dagaal toos ah, laakiin waxay xoogga saaraan weerarro degdeg ah, burburin, iyo dagaal maskaxeed si ay u daciifiyaan moraalka iyo khayraadka cadawga.

## fiiri
* Holocaust
* Saddex -xagalka violet
* Dagaal xuurxul
Super Junior

Super Junior ( Kuuriyaan : 슈퍼주니어), oo inta badan loo yaqaan SJ ama SuJu ( Kuuriya : 슈주 ), waa koox wiilal South Korea ah oo lagu sameeyay Seoul oo ay samaysay SM Entertainment sanadkii 2005.

Xubnaha waa Leeteuk ( hogaamiyaha ), Heechul , Yesung , Shindong , Sungmin , Eunhyuk , Donghae , Siwon , Ryeowook , iyo ka dib Kyuhyun . Xubinta Shiinaha , Han Geng, ayaa laga soo doortay in ka badan 3,000 oo qof, iyada oo loo marayo bandhigyo ay qabatay SM Entertainment 2001dii . Sannadkii 2009kii , Kibum waxa uu hakiyay shaqadiisa jilitaanka awgeed.Ogosto 18, 2015, Kibum ayaa ku shaaciyay bartiisa Instagram- ka gaarka ah in uu dhamaaday qandaraaskii uu kula jiray SM Entertainment oo uu si rasmi ah uga baxay kooxda . Laga bilaabo 2019, ka dib bixitaankii Kangin , kooxdu hadda waxay ka kooban tahay 9 xubnood oo firfircoon: Leeteuk , Heechul , Yesung , Shindong , Eunhyuk , Donghae , Siwon , Ryeowook , iyo Kyuhyun .
Gedo

Gedo waa gobol ku yaalla koonfur-galbeed Soomaaliya, wuxuuna xuduud la leeyahay Itoobiya iyo Kenya. Maamul ahaan, Gedo waxa uu ka tirsan yahay dowlad-goboleedka Jubbaland, oo ay sidoo kale ka mid yihiin gobollada Jubbada Hoose iyo Jubbada Dhexe. Inkastoo Gedo uu door muhiim ah ka ciyaaro siyaasadda Soomaaliya sababo la xiriira goobtiisa istiraatiijiga ah iyo tirada dadka ku nool, haddana looma aqoonsana dowlad-goboleed gaar ah. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay waxaa jiray khilaafaad siyaasadeed oo u dhexeeyay mas’uuliyiinta maxalliga ah ee Gedo iyo maamulka Jubbaland, gaar ahaan arrimaha maamulka iyo matalaadda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida uu yahay nidaamka federaalka ee Soomaaliya hadda, Gedo si rasmi ah wuxuu hoos yimaadaa maamulka Jubbaland.
Hab-maamuuska FTP

**FTP** (Faylasha wareejinta Protocol ama Ingiriisi "File Transfer Protocol") waa hab maamuuska wareejinta faylka shabakad soo muuqatay 1971, ka hor HTTP iyo xitaa ka hor TCP/IP, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ka mid ah borotokoolka codsiga ugu da'da weyn. FTP waxay markii hore ku shaqaynaysay hab-maamuuska NCP waxaana hadda loo isticmaalaa in lagu faafiyo qaybinta software iyo gelitaanka martigaliyayaasha fog. Marka la barbar dhigo TFTP, waxay dammaanad qaadaysaa gaarsiinta (ama soo saarista khaladka) iyadoo la adeegsanayo hab-maamuus la aqoonsan yahay.

Protokoolku wuxuu ku dhisan yahay qaab-dhismeedka macmiilka-adeegaha wuxuuna isticmaalaa xiriirro shabakad oo kala duwan si uu u gudbiyo amarro iyo xog u dhaxaysa macmiilka iyo adeegaha. Isticmaalayaasha FTP-da waxay isku aqoonsan karaan iyaga oo gudbinaya magaca isticmaale iyo erayga sirta ah iyagoo isticmaalaya qoraal furan, ama haddii adeeguhu oggol yahay, waxay si qarsoodi ah u xiriiri karaan. Waxaad isticmaali kartaa protokoolka SSH si ammaan ah oo sir ah loogu gudbiyo magaca isticmaale, erayga sirta ah, iyo sidoo kale waxa ku jira faylka.

Barnaamijyadii ugu horreeyay ee macmiilka FTP waxay ahaayeen aalado is-dhexgal ah oo khadka amarrada ah kuwaas oo fulinayey amarro iyo naxwe caadi ah. Tan iyo markaas, waxaa la horumariyay interfaces muuqaal ah oo u gaar ah nidaamyo hawleedyo badan oo weli maanta la isticmaalo. Interfaces-yadaas waxay ka mid yihiin qaybaha barnaamijyada guud ee naqshadeynta bogagga internetka sida Microsoft Expression Web, iyo sidoo kale macmiilayaasha FTP-da ee khaaska ah sida FileZilla.

### Isku xirka iyo wareejinta xogta

Astaanta gaarka ah ee borotokoolka FTP waa in uu isticmaalo labo xiriir oo kala duwan: mid ka mid ah waa xiriirka xakamaynta, kaas oo amarada loo diro server-ka laguna helo jawaabaha (badanaa iyadoo loo marayo albaabka 21), halka xiriirka labaadna loo isticmaalo in lagu wareejiyo faylasha. Xaaladdan, albaab gaar ah ayaa la furaa markii fayl walba la wareejinayo, taas oo u oggolaanaysa in dhowr fayl la wareejiyo isla waqtigaas jihadiisa labadaba. Tusaale ahaan, waxaad ka soo dejisan kartaa dhowr fayl oo server-ka ah ama kala soo gelin kartaa dhowr fayl server-ka, iyadoo fayl kasta uu isticmaalayo albaabkiisa gaarka ah.
FTP-protokoolku (sida HTTP) wuxuu u oggolaanayaa in xogta lagu gudbiyo qaab binary ah, taas oo ka caawisa badbaadinta xogta internetka iyo dardargelinta gudbinta faylasha waaweyn. Markaad bilowdo inaad la shaqeyso FTP-protokoolka, waxaad ku xirmaa server, dhammaan hawlgalladuna waxay ka dhacaan gudaha xiriirkaas (serverka ayaa "xasuusta" xaaladda hadda jirta). Dhanka kale, HTTP-protokoolka ma keydiyo macluumaad—howshiisu waa inuu gudbiyo xogta oo uu ilaawo. Sidaas darteed, si loo xafido xaaladda inta la isticmaalayo HTTP, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la isticmaalo habab kale oo aan la xiriirin protokoolka laftiisa.
Xildiid maxamed

Hildid is a real name of horogle clan of mohamed gorgarte ( madhibaan ) this clan is subclan of madhibaan clans.

These clan habited in mudug region and dollo ethio and nugaal, specially districts in nugaal region, mudug region, and dollo region in dds that districts included, horogle town, lagu raqsey, balikhayr, togyar in ethiopia and other districts in somalia.