Nambarka Nidaamka Iskiis-u-taagan

Nidaam ismaamul (AS) waa ururin isku xiran oo Internet Protocol (IP) ah oo ka kooban hoggaan ama maamul midaysan oo ay gacanta ku hayaan hal ama in ka badan oo hawl-wadeen shabakad ah, taas oo matasha hal hay’ad ama hal maamul. Nidaamkani waxa uu Internet-ka u soo bandhigaa siyaasad isku mid ah oo qeexan oo ku saabsan jid-mareynta. Mid kasta oo AS ah waxa loo qoondeeyaa lambarka nidaamka ismaamulka (ASN), kaas oo loo adeegsado jid-mareynta Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). ASN-yada waxa loo qoondeeyaa hay’adaha maxalliga ah ee diiwaangelinta Internet-ka (LIRs) iyo ururrada isticmaala-dambe (end-users) iyada oo loo marayo hay’adaha goboleed ee diiwaangelinta Internet-ka (RIRs), kuwaas oo iyaguna ka helay tiro ASN-yo ah Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) si ay dib ugu qaybiyahaan. IANA waxa kale oo ay maamushaa diiwaan ASN-yo loo qoondeeyey isticmaal gaar ah (private), kuwaas oo aan la shaacin karin Internet-ka guud.

Markii hore, qeexitaanku waxa uu ku adkaa inuu hoos yimaado hal maamul oo keliya—badanaa shirkad bixisa Internet-ka (ISP) ama urur aad u weyn oo leh isku xidhyo madaxbannaan oo badan—kuwaas oo raaci jiray siyaasad jid-mareyn oo mideysan. Bisha Maarso 1996, waxaa la hirgeliyey qeexitaan cusub sababtoo ah ururro badan ayaa BGP u adeegsan kara ASNs gaar loo leeyahay iyaga oo adeegsanaya hal ISP oo u wada xira Internet-ka. In kasta oo ISP-gu taageeri karo dhowr nidaam oo ismaamul ah, Internet-ku waxa uu arkaa oo keliya siyaasadda jid-mareynta ee ISP-gaas. ISP-gu waa inuu leeyahay ASN si rasmi ah loo diiwaangeliyey.

Ilaa 2007, ASN-yada waxa lagu qeexi jiray tiro 16-bit ah, taas oo u saamaxday ugu badnaan 65,536 lambar. Tan iyo markaas, IANA waxay bilaabay in ay hay’adaha Internet-ka ee gobollada ku wareejiso 32-bit ASN-yo. Tiradani waxa lagu qoro tiro toosan (“asplain”) oo u dhaxaysa 0 ilaa 4,294,967,295, ama qaabka “asdot+” oo u muuqda x.y, halka labaduba yihiin tirooyin 16-bit ah. Tirada 0.y waa kuwii hore ee 16-bit.

ASN-ka gaarka ah 23456 (“AS_TRANS”) waxaa u qoondeeyey IANA sidii astaan ku meel-gaar ah marka router-rada cusub ee fahmi kara 32-bit ASN ay BGP fariimo u diraan router-rada duugga ah ee aan fahmi karin 32-bit ASN.

ASN-kii ugu horreeyey iyo kii ugu dambeeyey ee 16-bit (0 iyo 65,535) iyo midka ugu dambeeya ee 32-bit (4,294,967,295) waa la xafiday mana la isticmaali karo; AS0 waxaa isticmaala dhammaan RIR-yada si loo muujiyo meel aan wali la qoondeyn. ASN-yada 64,496 ilaa 64,511 (16-bit) iyo 65,536 ilaa 65,551 (32-bit) waxaa loo xafiday tusaalooyin/dokumintiyo. ASN-yada 64,512 ilaa 65,534 (16-bit) iyo 4,200,000,000 ilaa 4,294,967,294 (32-bit) waxaa loo xafiday isticmaal gaar ah (Private Use).

Tirada nidaamyada ismaamulka ee gaarka ah ee Internet-ka waxay ka badatay 5,000 sannadkii 1999, waxay gaartay 30,000 dhammaadkii 2008, 35,000 bartamihii 2010, 42,000 dhammaadkii 2012, 54,000 bartamihii 2016, iyo 60,000 horraantii 2018. Diseembar 2020 waxa ay dhaafeen 100,000. Sannadka 2025, qiyaastii waxa jira 120,000 ASN oo la qoondeeyey.
## Meelaynta
ASN-yada waxaa lagu meeleeyaa baloogyada Hay'adda Nambarada Internetka loo qoondeeyay (IANA) ee diwaangelinta Internetka ee gobolka (RIRs). RIR-da ku habboon ayaa markaa u xilsaarta ASN-yada hay'adaha ku jira aagga loo qoondeeyay ee ka soo jeeda qaybta ay u xilsaartay IANA. Hay'adaha doonaya in ay helaan ASN waa in ay dhamaystiraan nidaamka codsiga RIR, LIR ama adeeg bixiyehooda sare oo la ansixiyo ka hor inta aan lagu qorin ASN. Shaqooyinka hadda IANA ASN ee RIRs waxaa laga heli karaa mareegaha IANA RIRs, oo qayb ka ah NRO , waxay burin karaan nambarada AS taasoo qayb ka ah awoodooda maamul ee internetka .
## AS-SET
Nidaamyada madaxbannaan ayaa lagu dari karaa hal ama in ka badan AS-SETs, tusaale ahaan AS-SET of RIPE NCC "AS-12655" waxay leedahay AS1, AS2 iyo AS3 sida xubnaheeda, laakiin AS1 ayaa sidoo kale lagu daray qaybaha kale ee ARIN (AS-INCAPSULA) iyo APNIC (AS-IMCL). Ilaha kale ee AS-SET waxay noqon karaan RADB, LEVEL3 ( shabakadda heerka 1 ee hadda loo yaqaan Lumen Technologies ) iyo sidoo kale ARIN waxay leedahay isha ARIN-NONAUTH ee AS-SETs  AS-SET-yada waxaa abuuray hawl-wadeennada shabakadaha ku jira Diiwaanka Jidka Internetka (IRR), sida walxaha kale ee dariiqyada, waxaana lagu dari karaa AS-SET-yada kale oo xitaa waxay sameeyaan wareegyo
Magacyada AS-SET waxay inta badan ku bilowdaan "AS-", laakiin sidoo kale waxay yeelan karaan magac heersare ah. Tusaale ahaan, maamulaha AS 64500 waxaa laga yaabaa inuu abuuro AS-SET oo la yiraahdo "AS64500:AS-UPSTREAMS", si looga fogaado isku dhacyada AS-SET-yada kale ee la midka ah
AS-SET-yada waxaa badanaa loo adeegsadaa si loo fududeeyo maareynta siyaasadaha marin-wareejinta. Siyaasadda dariiqa ayaa lagu daabacaa IRR iyadoo la adeegsanayo "import" iyo "Dhoofinta" (ama "mp-import" iyo "mp-export") sifooyinka cusub, kuwaas oo mid kastaa ka kooban yahay isha ama meesha loo socdo ASN, iyo ASN la soo dejiyay ama la dhoofiyay. Halkii ASN-ka keliya laga ahaan lahaa, AS-SET-yada waxa lagu tix-raaci karaa sifaadkan, kuwaas oo fududaynaya maaraynta siyaasadaha isku-socodka adag.