open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ibraahim Jabbour

​**Brahim Jabbour** (wuxuu dhashay 2 Oktoobar 1970) waa Moroccan horey uga fadhiistay orodka masaafada dheer. Wuxuu ku takhasusay 5000 mitir.
​Jabbour wuxuu galay kaalinta lixaad ee 5000 mitir ee Horyaalkii Adduunka ee 1993, wuxuu ku guuleystay billadda naxaasta ee Jeux de la Francophonie 1994, iyo billadda naxaasta ee 3000 mitir ee Horyaalkii Gudaha ee Adduunka 1995.
​Tartankii *Jeux de la Francophonie*, 

Jabbour wuxuu ka dambeeyay saaxiibadiisa ay dalka isku yihiin ee Salah Hissou iyo Brahim Lahlafi; tani waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah saddex jeer oo ay dhammaan masraxa guusha wada kireysteen ciyaartoy reer Morocco ah tartankan (kuwa kale waxay ahaayeen 1989: Saïd Aouita, Khalid Skah, Mohamed Issangar iyo 2001: Mohamed Amine, Abderrahim Goumri, Mohamed Saïd El Wardi). Jabbour wuxuu ka faa'iideystay tayada orodka ee Morocco ee Horyaalkii Orodka Dhulka ee Adduunka 1998, markii uu galay kaalinta shan iyo tobnaad ee orodka gaaban uuna ku guuleystay billad qalin ah tartanka kooxaha. Wuxuu sidoo kale ku tartamay Horyaalkii Adduunka ee 1999, laakiin kuma guuleysan inuu gaaro finalka 5000 mitir.
​Waqtiyadiisa ugu wanaagsanaa waxay ahaayeen 7:35.92 daqiiqo ee 3000 mitir, oo uu ku gaaray Luuliyo 1999 gudaha Paris; 13:01.41 daqiiqo ee 5000 mitir, oo uu ku gaaray Luuliyo 1999 gudaha Saint-Denis; iyo 1.01:51 saacadood ee nus marathon, oo uu ku gaaray Sebtembar 1997 gudaha Lille.
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## Tixraac

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Liis shaqsiyaad Reer Darawiish

Maqaalkan waxaa ku jira dad reer Darawiish ah:

## Liiska

### Boqoro

*Garad Abdiqani Garad Jama, 

*Garad Jama Garad Ali, 

*Xasan Deyl, 

*Garaad Abdulahi Garaad Soofe, 

*Yuusuf Kooreeye, 

*Maxamed Cali Bulay, chief caaqil of Barkad during colonialism

### Ra'iisul wasaaro
*Ali Khalif Galaydh, 

*Xaashi Suni Fooyaan, 

### Madaxweyne
*Abdihakim Amey, .
*Abdisamad Ali Shire.
*Ahmed Elmi Osman, .
*Mohamed Yusuf Jama, .
*Mohamed Abdi Hashi, .

### Kacdoone

*Ali Suji, 
*Ismail Mire, .
*Ibraahin Xoorane, 

### Hal-abuure
*Abdinasir Ali Hassan, Chairman of Hass petroleum.
*Hodan Nalayeh, Somali-Canadian journalist.
*Abdi Holland, Somali artist.
*Aw Jama, Somali scholar, historian and collector of oral literature of Somalia. He wrote the first authoritative study of Dervishes.
*Saado Ali Warsame, singer-songwriter and former MP in the Federal Parliament of Somalia.
*Ali Dhuh, retorting poet.
*Amina Mohamed, former Chairman of the INM and the WTO's General Council, and the current Secretary for Foreign Affairs of Kenya.
*Abdi Bile, Somalia's most decorated athlete with the most Somali national records.
*Mohamed Suleiman, first ethnic Somali to win an Olympic medal.

### Nabadsuge
*Mohamed Adam Ahmed, former Chief of Staff of the Somali Armed Forces.
*Abdi Hassan Mohamed, Incumbent Police Commissioner of the Somali Police Force.
*Mohamed Isse Lacle, Colonel in the Somali Navy and Former Deputy Minister of Ministry of Ports in Somaliland.
*Saleban Essa Ahmed, SSC Leader.

### Siyaasi
*Ahmed Mohamed Adan - foreign minister of Somalia 1990-1991, served as Somalia's Ambassador to the United States, Soviet Union, Britain, and the United Nations.
*Bashe Mohamed Farah, Speaker of Somaliland House of Representative.
*Faisal Hassan, Canadian politician.
*Ibraahim Guure, natural resources minister of Khatumo
*Ali Jangali Somalia's minister of foreign affairs.
*Ahmed Gacmayare, former Information Minister for Khaatumo State.
*Yasin Haji Mohamoud, Foreign Minister of Somaliland.
*Abdiqani Mohamoud Jidhe, Somaliland appointed Governor of Sool.
*Abdirahman Mohamed Abdi Hashi, Former Somali Minister of Fisheries.
*Mohamoud Diriye Abdi Joof, former Khaatumo Minister.
*Ahmed Mohamed Adan,
Antonios Papaioannou

​**Antonios Papaioannou** () wuxuu ahaa jimnaastig Giriig ah. Wuxuu ka qayb galay Olombikada Xagaaga ee 1896 ee ka dhacay Athens. Papaioannou wuxuu ku tartamay tartamada gaarka ah ee baararka barbar-dhaca ah (parallel bars) iyo baarka jiifa (horizontal bar). Ma uusan ku guuleysan wax billadood ah labada tartanba, inkastoo kaalinta saxda ah ee uu galay aan la garanayn.
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## Tixraac

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## Xiriirinta dibadda
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Spyros Andriopoulos

​**Spyros Andriopoulos** () (wuxuu dhashay 1 Agoosto 1962 isagoo ku dhashay Patras) waa orodyah hawlgab ah oo u dhashay dalka Giriigga kaas oo ku takhasusay orodka maraatoonka iyo orodka fogaada. Wuxuu ka qayb galay orodka Maraatoonka ee Olombikada Xagaaga ee 1996, halkaas oo uu galay kaalinta 36-aad isagoo ku orday waqti dhan 2:19.41. Isaga ayaa weli haysta rikoorada qaranka Giriigga ee 10,000 mitir, Nus maraatoonka iyo Maraatoonka.
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## Tartamada caalamiga ah

## Tixraac

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Masuo Ikeda

​ wuxuu ahaa Jabbaaniis rinjiyeeye ah, farshaxanka daabacaadda, sawir-gacmeeye, farshaxanka dhagaxa, farsamaysada dhoobada, qoraa, iyo agaasime filim oo ka soo jeeda Nagano Prefecture.

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## Abaalmarinnada

*Ikeda wuxuu ku guuleystay Akutagawa Prize asagoo ku helay *Offering In The Aegean* (*Eegekai ni sasagu*).
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## Madxaf

Madxafka Farshaxanka ee Ikeda Masuo, oo loogu magac daray Ikeda, wuxuu ku yaallaa Nagano.
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## Xiriirinta dibadda

​Madxafka Farshaxanka ee Ikeda Masuo
​

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Toyozō Arakawa

wuxuu ahaa Jabbaaniis caan ku ahaa farsamaynta dhoobada.
​Wuxuu ku noolaa oo uu ka shaqayn jiray Mino, oo u dhow Nagoya. Waxaa la siiyay cinwaanka "Hantida Qaranka ee Nool" sannadkii 1955.  
​Sannadkii 1930-kii, wuxuu ka helay burburka weelal goobta rabaayadda ee foornada qaabka *ogama* ee Mutabora, isagoo caddeeyay in shaqada dhoobada ee Shino iyo Oribe ee xilligii Momoyama iyo bilowgii Edo ee Jabbaan lagu soo saaray Mino halkii laga soo saari lahaa aagga Seto. Sannadkii 1933-kii, wuxuu dhisay foorno dib u soo saarta foornadii asalka ahayd ee Mutabora wuxuuna dib u helay farsamooyinkii lagu soo saari jiray dhalaalinta (glazes) Shino.
​Wuxuu ku dhimatay Tokyo, Jabbaan sannadkii 1985.  
​Waxaa jira turjumaad ah buugga Arakawa ee *The Traditions and Techniques of Mino Pottery* kaas oo ku jira Janet Barriskill buuggeeda *Visiting the Mino Kilns* Wild Peony Press, Sydney, 1995.
​Shaqadiisa waxaa lagu hayaa dhowr madxaf, oo ay ka mid yihiim Mills College Art Museum, Victoria and Albert Museum, Portland Art Museum, ASU Art Museum, Brooklyn Museum, Seattle Art Museum, Minneapolis Institute of Art, iyo University of Michigan Museum of Art.
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## Tixraac

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## Xiriirinta dibadda
​Bogga Museum of Fine Arts, Gifu oo ku saabsan mid ka mid ah shaqooyinka Arakawa
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Monika Limane

​**Monika Limane** (8 Juun 1924 – 10 Agoosto 2010) waxay ahayd Latvian iyo Latgalian farsamaysada dhoobada. Waxay ahayd gabadhii ugu horreysay ee xirfadle Latgalian ah oo dhoobada farsameysa.
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## Taariikh nololeed

Monika Limane waxay ku dhalatay tuulada Babri ee ku taal Aizkalne Parish, Latvia sannadkii 1924, waxayna ka dhalatay qoys tole iyo guri-joog isugu jira. Waxay noqotay farsamaysada dhoobada ka dib markii ay is-guursadeen ninkeedii, Alfons Limans. Isagu wuxuu ka soo jeeday tuulada Limani, oo caan ku ahayd farsamayaqaannada dhoobada, sida Jānis Limans.
​Limane, oo ay weheliyaan Andrejs Paulāns, Polikarps Čerņavskis iyo kuwo kale, waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah farsamayaqaannada dhoobada Latgalian-ka ee lagu matalay bandhigyada dhoobada Silajāņi ee ka dhacay Rīga, Daugavpils iyo magaalooyinka kale ee Latvian SSR sannadihii 1950-aadkii. Qaar ka mid ah shaqooyinkeeda waxay qayb ka ahaayeen bandhigyada farshaxanka ee ka dhacay Moscow iyo Warsaw.
​Shaqooyinkeeda waxay ku jiraan ururinta Latvian National Museum of Art iyo Latvian Museum of National History ee ku yaal Riga.
​
## Noloshiisa gaarka ah iyo dhimashadiisa

Limane waxay ku dhalatay qoys ka tirsan halyeygii Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Adduunka Jāzeps Babris, kaas oo ahaa tole, hooyadeedna waxay ahayd guri-joog. Waxay ahayd curaddii lix carruur ah. Laga soo bilaabo 1949 ilaa 1982, waxay is-qabeen Alfons Limans. Waxay dhashay laba carruur ah.
​Ka dib markii ay ka fariisatay shaqada dhoobada, Limane waxay u shaqaysay sidii tole, iyadoo tolaysay jaakadaha jiilaalka. Waxay dhimatay 2010-kii, iyadoo 86 jir ah, waxaana lagu aasay qubuuraha Eisāgi iyadoo garab taal ninkeedii iyo wiilkeedii ugu yaraa.
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## Tixraac

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Andrejs Paulāns

​**Andrejs Paulāns-Kraskevičs** (Af-Latgalian: Andrivs Povulāns-Kraskevičs, 30 Nofeembar 1896 – 29 Nofeembar 1973) wuxuu ahaa Latvian iyo Latgalian farsamaysada dhoobada. Waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inuu yahay mid ka mid ah farsamayaqaannada dhoobada ee Latgalian-ka ugu weyn. Sannadkii 1937, Paulāns waxaa lagu guddoonsiiyey bilad dahab ah Bandhigga Paris.

## Taariikh nololeed

Andrejs Paulāns-Kraskevičs wuxuu ku dhalatay tuulada Šembeļi ee ku taal Silajāņi Parish, Boqortooyadii Ruushka sannadkii 1896. Wuxuu xiisaha farsamaynta dhoobada ka dhaxlay aabbihiis Izidors. Sannadkii 1915, wuxuu ku biiray toogteyaasha Latvia madaama uu socday Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Adduunka. Laba sano ka dib, Paulāns wuxuu ku soo laabtay guriga ka dib markii uu si xun uga dhaawacmay madaxa iyo garabka. Adeeggiisa darteed, waxaa lagu guddoonsiiyey Isgoyska St. George. Paulāns isha midig waxay ahayd mid aan waxba arag inta ka dhiman noloshiisa.
​Laga soo bilaabo 1918, Paulāns wuxuu ka shaqayn jiray aqoon-is-weydaarsiga aabbihiis. Magaciisu wuxuu caan baxay 1930-yadii, markii shaqooyinkiisa lagu soo bandhigay bandhigyo ka baxsan Latvia. Bandhiggii ugu horreeyay ee dibadda ah ee lagu soo bandhigo shaqooyinka Paulāns wuxuu ahaa 1931-kii oo ka dhacay Sèvres, Faransiiska. Waxaa lagu guddoonsiiyey bilad dahab ah Bandhigga Paris ee 1937.
​Paulāns wuxuu dhintay 29 Nofeembar 1973. Waxaa lagu aasay qubuuraha Feimaņi.
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## Dhaxal

Paulāns wuxuu weli yahay mid ka mid ah farsamayaqaannada dhoobada ee saamaynta ugu weyn ku leh taariikhda farsamada dhoobada Latgalian-ka. Madxafka Rainis ee ku yaal Jasmuiža waxaa ku yaal aqoon-is-weydaarsigii iyo foornadii Andrejs Paulāns oo halkaas loo soo raray. Sannadkii 1986, Istuudiyaha Dhoobada Latgale ee ku yaal Rēzekne waxaa magaciisii loo beddelay Andrejs Paulāns Folk Applied Art Studio. Mid ka mid ah jidadka magaalada Preiļi ee Latgalian-ka ayaa loogu magac daray Paulāns.
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## Sharafo
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1937: Biladda Dahabka ee Bandhigga Paris ee 1937
​1958: Farshaxanka Shacabka ee Latvian SSR
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## Tixraac

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## Xiriirinta dibadda

​Shaqooyinkii Paulāns @ Latgale Culture History Museum
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Esther Medina Hernández

**Esther Medina Hernández** waa farsamaysada dhoobada ee Meksiko, oo caan ku ah agabka loo qaabeeyey sida tiin-fooreedka (barrel cactus).
​Medina Hernández waxay ka soo jeedaa tuulo yar oo la yiraahdo Los Reyes Mezontala, Puebla, taas oo ahayd bulsho dhoobada farsamaysa tan iyo aasaaskeedii. Waa bulshada Mixtec ah oo u dhow buurta Cerro Coronillas taas oo laga helo dhoobada madow iyo tan guduudan. Waxay farsamadan ka baratay waalidiinteeda, ayadoo samayn jirtay dheryo, comals (birta lagu dubo), weelasha wax lagu kaydiyo iyo agabyo kale oo adeegga guriga loo isticmaalo. Waxay hadda la shaqaysaa qoyskeeda si ay u sameeyaan qaar badan oo ka mid ah qaybahan, laakiin waxay caan ku noqotay qaab gaar ah oo ashuunka wax lagu kaydiyo ah oo ay iyadu ikhtiraacday, kaas oo loo yaqaan “biznaga” ama tiin-fooreed. Kani waa qaybta ugu caansan, ee loo sameeyay qaabka dhirtaas, oo ay ku jiraan dhinacyada qalooca ee xariiqyada leh, dhammaantoodna gacanta lagu qaabeeyey. Qaybaha waa la qaabeeyaa waana la qalajiyaa, ka dibna qaybta waxaa lagu dhalaaliyaa qolofka qaraha, qaarkoodna waxay helaan dahaadh cad ama midabka miridhka ah. Ka dib mar kale ayaa la dhalaaliyaa si ay u iftiimaan marka foornada laga soo saaro. Qaybaha waaweyn waxaa lagu midabayn karaa biyo karkaraya ayadoo la isticmaalayo dhirta ay ka midka yihiin cuaxiote ama palo mulato. Dubidda waxaa lagu sameeyaa dhulka dushiisa ayadoo dheryaha lagu daboolayo qoryo iyo shidaal kale oo la shiday.
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## Tixraac

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Augusts Zagorskis

**Augusts Zagorskis** (1900 – 1963) wuxuu ahaa Latvian iyo Latgalian farsamaysada dhoobada.
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## Taariikh nololeed

Augusts Zagorskis wuxuu ku dhashay 
tuulada Eisāgi ee hadda ah Rušona Parish, Boqortooyadii Ruushka sannadkii 1900. Walaalkiis Julians wuxuu isna ahaa farsamaysada dhoobada ee Latgalian-ka oo caan ah. Wiilkiisa Vaclavs ayaa sii waday hidaha qoyska.
​Zagorskis, oo ay weheliyaan Andrejs Paulāns, Polikarps Vilcāns iyo kuwo kale, wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah farsamayaqaannada dhoobada Latgalian-ka ee lagu matalay bandhigga dhoobada Silajāņi ee sannadkii 1957 ee ka dhacay Rīga, kaas oo uu soo qabanqaabiyay Jānis Pujāts. Sannadihii dambe, shaqooyinkiisa waxaa loo xushay bandhigyo ka dhacay Latvian SSR iyo dibadda, sida Moscow, Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo Boland.
​Zagorskis wuxuu dhintay sannadkii 1963. Waxaa lagu aasay qubuuraha Eisāgi.
​Shaqooyinkiisu waxay ku jiraan ururinta Madxafka Rainis ee Jasmuiža Manor iyo Madxafka Dhaqanka iyo Taariikhda ee Latgale.
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## Tixraac

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## Xiriirinta dibadda
​Shaqooyinkii Zagorskis @ Latgale Culture History Museum
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Polikarps Vilcāns

**Polikarps Vilcāns** (26 Janaayo 1894 – 8 May 1969) wuxuu ahaa Latvian iyo Latgalian farsamaysada dhoobada. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa farsamayaqaannada dhoobada ee Latgalian-ka ugu caansan. Sanadkii 1937, Vilcāns waxaa lagu guddoonsiiyey Bilad Dahab ah Bandhigga Paris.
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## Taariikh nololeed

Polikarps Vilcāns wuxuu ku dhashay tuulada Dūbes ee ku taal Silajāņi Parish, Boqortooyadii Ruushka sanadkii 1894. Wuxuu farsamada dhoobada ka bartay aabbihiis Joahims, wuxuuna si guul leh u gubay foornadiisii ugu horreysay isagoo 16 jir ah. Ka dib Kacaankii Oktoobar ee 1917, Vilcāns wuxuu ka dagaalamay ciidankii Kolchak ee Safka Bari.
​Isaga iyo Paulāns waxay ahaayeen farsamayaqaannadii ugu horreeyay ee Latgalian ah ee abuura laambad-shumacyo waaweyn oo leh meelo badan oo shumaca la saaro, taas oo ugu dambeyntii noqotay sumadda farsamada dhoobada Latgalian-ka. Shaqooyinkiisa waxaa lagu soo bandhigay Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo dibaddaba, sida Faransiiska, Jarmalka iyo dalal kale. Farsamayaqaanno kale oo Latgalian ah, sida Polikarps Čerņavskis iyo Antons Ušpelis, waxay Vilcāns u aqoonsadeen inuu ahaa qofkii saamaynta ku lahaa isla markaana macallin u ahaa.
​Wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah laba farsamaysada dhoobada Latgalian-ka ah, isaga iyo ina-adeerkiis Andrejs Paulāns, oo lagu guddoonsiiyey Bilad Dahab ah Bandhigga Paris ee 1937. Sanadkii 1958, Vilcāns waxaa loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay Farshaxanka Shacabka ee Latvian SSR.
​Vilcāns wuxuu dhintay 8 May 1969. Waxaa lagu aasay qubuuraha Antonišķi.
​
## Sharafo
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1937: Biladda Dahabka ee Bandhigga Paris ee 1937
​1958: Farshaxanka Shacabka ee Latvian SSR

## Tixraac

## Xiriirinta dibadda

​Shaqooyinkii Vilcāns @ Latgale Culture History Museum
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Margarita Cruz Sipuachi

**Margarita Cruz Sipuach** waa farsamaysada dhoobada ee Meksiko oo ka soo jeedda Guachochi. Waxay dhoobo-samaynta ka baratay hooyadeed, Filomena Sipuachi. Maanta, waxay abuurtaa noocyo kala duwan oo agabka adeegga iyo kuwa caadooyinka ah, laakiin takhasuskeedu waa nooc dheri ah oo loo yaqaan “tesgüineras.” Sannadkii 2001, waxaa loo magacaabay “macallin weyn” oo ay aqoonsatay Fomento Cultural Banamex.
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## Tixraac

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Richard Gun

**Richard Townsend "Richie/Ritchie" Gun**  (dhashay 27 May 1936) waa siyaasi iyo dhakhtar hawlgab ah.
​Wuxuu ku dhashay Adelaide, South Australia, wuxuuna wax ku bartay St Peter's College iyo University of Adelaide. Wuxuu ahaa kaaliyaha diiwaangelinta anaesthetics ee Royal Adelaide Hospital.
​
## Xirfadda siyaasadda

Sanadkii 1969 waxaa loo doortay Australian House of Representatives isagoo ahaa xubinta xisbiga Labor ee laga soo doorto Kingston, isagoo ka guuleystay xubintii xisbiga Liberal ee Kay Brownbill. Wuxuu kursiga hayay ilaa 1975, markaas oo uu ka guuleystay musharraxii Liberal-ka, Grant Chapman, iyadoo ay jirtay isbeddel codad ah (swing) oo ka badan 12 boqolkiiba. Wuxuu isku dayay inuu dib u soo celiyo kursiga labadii doorasho ee xigay isagoo aan guuleysan, markii labaadna wuxuu ku waayay kaliya 358 cod.
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## Xirfadda caafimaadka

Gun wuxuu bilaabay shaqadiisa caafimaadka shaqada (occupational medicine) 1970-yadii. Wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah xubnihii aasaasay Kulliyadda Caafimaadka Shaqada, oo hadda loo yaqaan Australasian Faculty of Occupational Medicine.
​Sanadkii 1983 waxaa Gun loo magacaabay guddoomiyaha Guddiga Ku-meel-gaarka ah ee Qaranka ee Caafimaadka iyo Badbaadada Shaqada ee Dawladda Federaalka. Wasiirka Shaqada iyo Xiriirka Warshadaha (Ralph Willis) ayaa soo xigtay aqoontiisa isagoo yiri:
:"dhakhtar caafimaad oo hadda ah Saynisyahan Soo-booqde ah oo la shaqeeya Machadka Qaranka ee Mareykanka ee Badbaadada iyo Caafimaadka Shaqada. Marka la eego xilkii hore ee uu u hayay sarkaal sare oo caafimaad oo ka tirsan laanta Caafimaadka Shaqada ee Guddiga Caafimaadka Koonfurta Australia, Dr Gun wuxuu leeyahay lug dheer iyo aqoon durugsan oo ku saabsan caafimaadka shaqada ee Australia. Tani, oo ay weheliso khibradiisa caalamiga ah ee khuseysa, waxay Guddiga Ku-meel-gaarka ah ee Qaranka u horseedi doontaa waxqabad aad u qiimo badan."
​Sanadkii 1990 markii uu ahaa macallin sare oo ku takhasusay caafimaadka shaqada iyo deegaanka ee Jaamacadda Adelaide, wuxuu daabacay natiijada daraasad soo jeedisay in dhacdooyinka dhaawaca rarka soo noqnoqda (repetitive strain injury - RSI) ay hoos u dhacayeen Koonfurta Australia.

​== Sharaf iyo abaalmarinno ==

Sanadkii 2015 Gun waxaa loo magacaabay Officer of the Order of Australia "adeegga sharafta leh ee uu u qabtay caafimaadka, gaar ahaan dhinaca caafimaadka iyo badbaadada shaqada, iyo bulshooyinka danyarta ah ee gobollada Australia iyo Timor-Leste".
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## Xiisaha kale

Isagoo dhalinyaro ah, Gun wuxuu ahaa muusikiiste jazz ah oo caan ka ahaa deegaanka, hoggaamiye u ahaa "Richie Gun's Collegians", koox dhiirrigelin ka heshay King Oliver / Louis Armstrong, waxaana lagu ammaanay inuu Ted Nettelbeck siiyay waayo-aragnimadiisii ugu horreysay ee bandhig faneed dadweyne.
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## Tixraac

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Nikos Argyropoulos

​**Nikolaos "Nikos" Argyropoulos** (higgaad kale: Argiropoulos) (; dhashay Maarso 25, 1978, kuna dhashay Patras, Greece) waa ciyaaryahan hore oo xirfadle kubbadda koleyga Giriig ah. Dhererkiisu waa 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in), wuxuuna ka ciyaari jiray boosaska point guard iyo shooting guard.
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## Xirfadda xirfadlenimo

Argyropoulos wuxuu xirfaddiisa xirfadlenimo ka bilaabay kooxda Giriigga ah ee Apollon Patras. Ka dib markii uu saddex sano u ciyaaray Apollon heerka ugu sarreeya ee Heerka 1aad ee Giriigga, kooxdu waxay u dhacday heerka labaad ee Heerka 2aad ee Giriigga, muddo 4 sano ah. Sanadkii 2003, Apollon waxay dib ugu soo laabatay heerka koowaad ee Giriigga. Sanadkii 2005, Argyropoulos wuxuu u wareegay kooxda Giriigga ah ee ka ciyaarta EuroLeague ee Olympiacos Piraeus, halkaas oo uu u ciyaaray hal sano. Intaas ka dib, wuxuu u wareegay kooxda Giriigga ah ee ka ciyaarta EuroCup ee Panellinios Athens. Ka dib wuxuu ku biiray kooxda Giriigga ah ee EuroCup-ka ciyaarta ee Aris Thessaloniki, ka hor inta uusan xirfaddiisa ciyaaraha kooxda xirfadlenimo ku soo afjarin Apollon Patras.
​Argyropoulos waxaa loo doortay MVP-ga Heerka 2aad ee Giriigga sanadkii 2012. Lambarkiisa 5aad ee maaliyadda waxaa fariisiyey Apollon Patras, sanadkii 2019.
​==Xirfadda xulka qaranka==
Argyropoulos wuxuu xubin ka ahaa xulalka qaranka ee dhalinyarada Giriigga. Wuxuu ka ciyaaray 1996 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship.
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## Xirfadda maamulka

Ka dib markii uu ka fariistay ciyaarista kubbadda koleyga ee xirfadlenimada, Argyropoulos wuxuu bilaabay inuu maamule ahaan ugu shaqeeyo kooxda kubbadda koleyga xirfadlenimada Giriigga ee Apollon Patras.
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## Tixraac

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## Xiriirinta dibadda

*
*Nikos Argyropoulos  ee Euroleague.net
*
*Nikos Argyropoulos ee ProBallers.com
*Nikos Argyropoulos ee RealGM.com
*Nikos Argyropoulos ee Eurobasket.com
*Profile-ka Horyaalka Kubbadda Koleyga Giriigga 
​
Elizabeth Matheson

​**Elizabeth Matheson**  (19 Janaayo 1890 – 1978) waxay ahayd dhoobo-sameye reer New Zealand ah. Shaqooyinkeeda waxaa lagu hayaa Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa iyo Auckland War Memorial Museum. Waxaa lagu guddoonsiiyey billadda British Empire Medal adeegyadii ay u qabatay dhoobo-sameynta.
​
## Taariikh Nololeed

Matheson waxay ku dhalatay kuna kortay Eketāhuna. Markii hore waxay u tababaratay macallin dugsi barbaarinta carruurta (kindergarten) laakiin ka dib markii ay u guurtay Havelock North waxay tijaabisay farsamada birta ka hor intaysan ku nagaan dhoobo-sameynta. Sanadkii 1930-kii Matheson waxay safar ku tagtay London, muddo aad u gaabanna waxay tababar la soo qaadatay Dora Billington. Markii ay dib ugu soo laabatay New Zealand Matheson waxaa wax baray Elizabeth Lissaman. Waxay markaas ka dib ka shaqaysay Te Mata Potteries. Muddo lix bilood ah intii u dhaxaysay 1939 iyo 1940 Matheson waxay shaqadeeda ku soo bandhigtay New Zealand Centennial Exhibition iyada oo garab taagnayd Olive Jones. Waxay sidoo kale bandhigyo la samaysay New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts. Matheson waxay ahayd xubin aasaase u ah New Zealand Society of Potters, waxaana loo doortay xubin sharafeed nolosha ah sanadkii 1965-kii, iyada iyo Olive Jones iyo Oswold Stephens. Matheson waxay joojisay dhoobo-sameynta sanadkii 1975 waxayna dhimatay sanadkii 1978.
​Sharafihii Dhalashada Boqorada ee 1971-kii, Matheson waxaa lagu guddoonsiiyey billadda British Empire Medal, adeegyadeeda dhoobo-sameye ahaan.
​Shaqooyinkeeda waxaa lagu hayaa Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa iyo Auckland War Memorial Museum. Bandhig loogu dib-u-eegayo shaqadii Matheson, oo cinwaankiisu ahaa *A Glorious Uncertainty – Elizabeth Matheson's Life in Art*, ayaa lagu qabtay MTG Hawke's Bay oo ku taal Napier sanadkii 1993. Sanadkii 2017, shaqooyinkii Matheson waxaa lagu daray bandhig ku saabsan dhoobo-sameeyayaashii hore ee haweenka New Zealand, kaas oo lagu qabtay West Auckland.

Dhoobo-sameynta Matheson waxaa loo yaqaanay "PAKA" waxayna magaca u qori jirtay sidii qeyb ka mid ah astaanteeda dhoobo-samaynta, iyada oo ay weheliso sawir u eg baqshadda oo xariiq dheeraad ah ku dhex leeyahay. Waxay ku shaqayn jirtay oo kaliya dhoobada terracotta. Foornadeeda (kiln) Havelock North waxay ku shaqayn jirtay saliid, waxaana lagu wareejiyey Helen Mason, oo ninkeedu ahaa wiil ay eedo u ahayd Matheson.
​

## Tixraac

​
​
Kinshasa Makambo

***Kinshasa Makambo*** waa filim dokumentari ah oo ka yimid Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga ah ee Kongo, kaas oo uu agaasimay Dieudo Hamadi lana sii daayay sanadkii 2018. Filimku wuxuu diiradda saarayaa saddex dhalinyaro ah oo u dhaqdhaqaaqa dimuqraadiyadda Kongo kuwaas oo ku lug lahaa dibadbaxyadii 2016 looga soo horjeeday madaxweyne Joseph Kabila.  
​Filimka hordhaciisu wuxuu dhacay Febraayo 18, 2018, intii uu socday 68th Berlin International Film Festival. Filimku wuxuu ku guuleystay Abaalmarinta Tim Hetherington ee Sheffield DocFest 2018, iyo Abaalmarinta True Vision ee True/False Film Festival 2018.
​

## Tixraac

​
## Xiriirinta dibadda
*
Hsing Hui

​**Hsing Hui** (; waxay dhalatay **Lai Ching-yin** () 10 Diseembar 1975) waa atariisho Taiwanese ah. Waxay ku caan baxday doorarkii ay ku lahayd taxanayaasha telefishinka ee *Fiery Thunderbolt*, *[[Taiwan Tornado]]*, *Golden Ferris Wheel*, *[[My Family My Love]]*, *[[Lee Family Reunion]]*, *[[The Heart of Woman]]* iyo *[[:zh:世間情|Ordinary Love]]* .
​Sannadkii 2004, iyada iyo labadeeda walaal waxay si wadajir ah u aasaaseen dukaanka dharka arooska, ee True Love Wedding.

​==Filimada==
​

### Taxanayaasha telefishinka

​===Bandhigga madadaalada===

​
## Tixraac

​
​
Jack Laird

**Jack Denis Laird**  (29 Agoosto 1920 – 7 Agoosto 2009) wuxuu ahaa fannaan dhoobada ka shaqeeya oo u dhashay New Zealand.
​
## Noloshiisii hore

Laird wuxuu ku dhashay Watford, Hertfordshire, England, 29-kii Agoosto 1920. Wuxuu guursaday Peggy Marjorie Biggerstaff sannadkii 1943. Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka ka dib, wuxuu sawirka iyo naqshadaynta garaafyada ka bartay Chelsea School of Art isagoo helay deeq waxbarasho oo loogu talagalay askartii hore. Wuxuu bilaabay inuu ku takhasuso farsamada dhoobada isagoo ku jira waxbarashada heerka sare ee University of London. Sannadkii 1953, Laird wuxuu u guuray Jersey, halkaas oo uu farshaxanka ka dhigayay dugsi naxwaha ah. Sannadkii 1959, wuxuu u soo guuray New Zealand si uu wax u baro ardayda dibadda ka ah jaamacadda, isagoo fadhigiisu ahaa Palmerston North, kuna sugnaa Victoria University of Wellington. Wuxuu noqday muwaadin u dhashay New Zealand sannadkii 1975.
​

## Farsamada dhoobada ee Nelson

Sannadkii 1964, qoyska Lairds waxay ka aasaaseen Waimea Pottery magaalada Richmond, New Zealand, oo u dhow Nelson. Halkaas, Laird wuxuu ku tababaray jiil ka mid ah fannaaniinta dhoobada ee Nelson, oo ay ka mid yihiin Royce McGlashen, Darryl Robertson, John iyo Anne Crawford, iyo wiilka Laird ee Paul. Xilligii uu ugu sarreeyay, Waimea Pottery waxaa u shaqeynayay 17 fannaan oo dhoobada ka shaqeeya. Ka dib, Laird wuxuu u naqshadeeyay weelasha miiska Temuka Pottery.
​Gudaha 1984 New Year Honours, Laird waxaa loo magacaabay Officer of the Order of the British Empire adeegyadii uu ka geystay farsamada dhoobada.
​Laird wuxuu dhintay sannadkii 2009.
​
## Tixraacyo

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​
Maria Alquilar

**Maria Alquilar** (sidoo kale loo yaqaan **Barbara Taffet**, magaca dhalashada **Pincus**; May 28, 1928 - June 5, 2014) waxay ahayd fannaanad Mareykan ah oo ka shaqeysa dhoobada. Shaqadeeda waxaa lagu soo bandhigay Smithsonian American Art Museum, iyo ururinta Chase Manhattan Bank, San Francisco Arts Commission, iyo Matxafka Downey. Waxay ahayd aasaasihii Jennifer Pauls Gallery ee Sacramento.
​
## Taariikh Nololeedka

Barbara Pincus waxay ku dhalatay New York City sannadkii 1928. Aabbaheed wuxuu ahaa Isbaanish hooyadeedna waxay ahayd Yuhuud Ruush ah. Waxay shahaadada koowaad ee jaamacadda (bachelor of arts) ka qaadatay Hunter College sannadkii 1955. Pincus waxay guursatay Frank Taffet 1949-kii. Markii uu Taffet dhintay 1973-kii, waxay magaceeda u beddeshay Maria Alquilar. Laga soo bilaabo 1980-yadii Alquilar waxay degganayd Santa Cruz, California iyo Miami, Florida.
​Alquilar waxay noloshiisii hore ku qaadatay inay u shaqayso macallin iyo shaqaale bulsho ahaanba. Aragteedu waxay u wareegtay dhanka farshaxanka markii sannadkii 1970-kii, iyada iyo Colette Garrison ay ka fureen Jennifer Pauls Gallery gudaha Old Sacramento. Alquilar waxay diiradda saartay sawirrada "expressionistic" iyo "figurative" waxayna soo bandhigtay fannaaniin ay ka mid yihiin Anne Gregory, Ken Little, Joan Moment iyo Mary Warner. Markii dambe waxay noqotay milkiilaha kaliya ee goobtaas, waxayna la guurtay markii ay u wareegtay Lake of the Pines ka dibna Roseville. Ugu dambeyntii waxay ku soo laabatay Sacramento, iyadoo Jennifer Pauls Gallery ku rakibtay meel ay wadaagaan Himovitz/Solomon Gallery.
​Sannadkii 1986, Alquilar waxay iibisay Jennifer Pauls Gallery si ay diiradda u saarto farshaxankeeda u gaarka ah. Waxay caan ku ahayd isticmaalka midabyo dhalaalaya oo firfircoon iyo sawirro riyo oo kale ah. Waxay wax ku dhistay dhowr nooc oo agab farshaxan ah. Waxay ugu caansan tahay sawirrada gidaarka ee dhoobada ah (ceramic murals), kuwaas oo in badan oo ka mid ah lagu arki karo guud ahaan Sacramento.
​Sannadkii 2004, waxaa u xilsaaray magaalada Livermore, California inay u samayso sawir gidaar maktabadda cusub ee dadweynaha ee magaalada. Markii sawirkii gidaarka ee ku kacay $40,000 la soo bandhigay bishii Oktoobar 2004, magacyada laba buug iyo 11 qof oo caan ah oo taariikhi ah, sida Albert Einstein, ayaa loo qoray si khaldan. Markii hore waxay diiday inay saxdo sawirka, iyadoo daliishanaysa madaxbannaanida farshaxanka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay si degan ugu soo laabatay si ay u saxdo khaladaadka hingaadda xagaagii xigay.
​
## Tixraac

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Nathan Begaye

**Nathan Begaye** (1958–2010) wuxuu ahaa fannaan u dhashay dadka asalka ah ee Mareykanka oo ku takhasusay dhoobada, kana soo jeeda qowmiyadaha Navajo iyo Hopi.
​
## Taariikhda

Nathan Begaye wuxuu ku dhashay Phoenix, Arizona sannadkii 1958, isagoo aabbe u ahaa Navajo hooyona Hopi. Waxaa soo korsaday awoowgii iyo ayeeyadii dhanka hoose ee degganaa Third Mesa iyo Tuba City, Arizona. Eeddadiis waxay ahayd fannaanadda dhoobada ee caanka ah ee Hopi Otellie Loloma. Koriinkiisii ee bulshooyinka Navajo/Hopi waxay ku dhex jirtay hiddaha iyo dhaqanka qabiilka, waxaana lagu soo barbaariyey aqoonta, taariikhda, diinta, calaamadaha, iyo caadooyinka dadka Navajo iyo Hopi.
​
## Xirfadda farshaxanka

Xiisaha Begaye ee dhoobada wuxuu ku bilowday isagoo yar, da'da 10 jir, wuxuuna soo bandhigay bandhigiisii ugu horreeyay ee dadweynaha hal sano ka dib kaliya. Wuxuu farsamooyinka dhaqanka iyo hababka midabeynta ka bartay dadka bulshadiisa qabiilka, labadaba Navajo iyo Hopi. Maadaama ay ahaayeen sir qabiil, wuxuu u haystay naftiisa xataa markii uu macallin noqday markii dambe. Ka dib markii uu helay deeq waxbarasho oo ka timid SWAIA, wuxuu ka tagay gurigiisa isagoo 14 jir ah si uu dhoobada u barto Machadka Farshaxanka Hindida Mareykanka (IAIA) ee ku yaal Santa Fe, NM.
​In kasta oo koriinkiisii uu ahaa mid aad u muxaafid ah, Begaye wuxuu shaqadiisa ku isticmaali jiray farsamooyin aan caadi ahayn oo la yaab leh. Isagoo lagu tilmaamay inuu adeegsado "dareen gaar ah oo ku saabsan qaabka, dhismaha, midabka, iyo naqshadeynta," shaqada Begaye badanaa waxay ahayd mid shakhsi ah oo ka hadlaysa nolosha qoraaga.

## Uruurinta caanka ah

*Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA 
*Robert Nichols Gallery, Santa Fe, NM
*''Emerging Clouds,'' 1998  iyo ''Cloud,'' 2004  iyo dhalo weyn oo aan magac lahayn, 2004 , SM's-Stedelijk Museum 's-Hertogenbosch/NL

## Taariikhda bandhigyada la doortay

Xigasho:
**Farshaxanka Dadka Asalka ah ee Mareykanka ee Matxafka Farshaxanka, Boston*
::Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA
::Nofeembar 20, 2010 – Diseembar 31, 2016
​**Socdaalka Xiisaha leh: Ururinta Grice ee Farshaxanka Dadka Asalka ah ee Mareykanka*
::Mint Museum of Art, Charlotte, NC
::Luulyo 18, 2009 – Oktoobar 17, 2009
​**Isgoysyada: Farshaxanka Dadka Asalka ah ee Mareykanka ee Aragti Cusub*
::Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA
::Juun 24, 2006 – Nofeembar 27, 2011
​**Ruuxa Xorta ah: Fannaanada Cusub ee Dhoobada ee Dadka Asalka ah ee Mareykanka*
::Stedelijk Museum’s, Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
::2006
​**Laba-nimo: Nathan Begaye + Les Namingha + Dusty Naranjo*
::Museum of Contemporary Native Arts, Santa Fe, NM
::May 12, 2006 – June 25, 2006
​**Farshaxanka Hindida Mareykanka ee Matxafka Farshaxanka ee Spencer*
::Spencer Museum of Art, Jaamacadda Kansas, Lawrence, KS
::Sebteembar 6, 2003 - Oktoobar 19, 2003
​**Bandhigga Hindida: Jihooyin Cusub ee Dhoobada Dadka Asalka ah ee Mareykanka ee Koonfur-galbeed*
::Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA
::Nofeembar 16, 2001 – Maarso 17, 2002
​

## Tixraac

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## Sidoo kale eeg

*Diego Romero
​
​
Jens von der Lippe

​**Jens von der Lippe** (13 Oktoobar 1911 – 17 Juun 1990) wuxuu ahaa fannaan dhoobada ka shaqeeya, qoraa iyo bare u dhashay dalka Norway. Wuxuu ku dhashay Christiania, wuxuuna la dhashay Frits von der Lippe iyo Just Lippe.
Wuxuu istuudiyaha dhoobada ku lahaa magaalada Oslo isagoo kaashanaya xaaskiisa, Margrethe von der Lippe, in badan oo shaqooyinkooda ka mid ahna waxay ahaayeen kuwo ay si wadajir ah u soo saareen. Wuxuu macallin ka ahaa Akadeemiyada Qaranka Norway ee Farshaxanka iyo Warshadaha Farshaxanka laga soo bilaabo 1939 ilaa 1975. Wuxuu daabacay buugga *Stråmønsteret – det udødelige blåmalede* sannadkii 1983.
​
## Tixraac

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Richard Cornell

**Richard Cornell** (1625–1693) wuxuu ahaa Ingiriis Quaker ah, bir-shubiye iyo deggenaha Long Island. Waxaa guud ahaan loo tixgeliyaa inuu ahaa reer Yurubkii ugu horreeyay ee dega Jasiiradda Rockaway ee hadda ah Degmo-hoosadka Queens, New York City. Cornell wuxuu dhulka Rockaway ka iibsaday nin kale oo Ingiriis ah, Kabtan John Palmer, sannadkii 1687, wuxuuna halkaas degay 1690-kii. Awoowihiis wuxuu ahaa Thomas Cornell.
​Cornell wuxuu lahaa dhul badan oo ku yaal Rockaway, kaas oo inta badan loo qaybiyay 46 qaybood sannadkii 1820, kuwaas oo aakhirka loo iibiyay dad dibadda ah, hantiduna waxay weli sii iibsanaysay xitaa dabayaaqadii qarnigii 19-aad, tusaale ahaan iibinta dhulka ka kooban xaafadda hadda ee Bayswater oo loo iibiyay William Trist Bailey sannadkii 1878.
​Gurigii qoyska Cornell ee xeebta agteeda ahaa wuxuu markii dambe noqday goobta Marine Pavilion.
​Qabuuraha Qoyska Cornell ee ku yaal Gateway Boulevard ee Far Rockaway ayaa loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay Astaan Taariikhi ah ee New York City.
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## Tixraac

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## Xiriirinta dibadda
​http://www.nycgovparks.org/sub_your_park/historical_signs/hs_historical_sign.php?id=12915
​
​
Suhail Rizvi

​**Suhail R. Rizvi** waa ganacsade Hindi-Mareykan ah, isla markaana ah aasaasaha iyo Agaasimaha Guud ee Maalgashiga ee shirkadda Rizvi Traverse Management LLC. Wuxuu shahaadada Bachelor of Science ee cilmiga Dhaqaalaha ka qaatay dugsiga Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, wuxuuna xubin ka yahay guddiga fulinta ee ardayda qalin-jabisay ee Wharton. Isagoo ah maalgaliye (venture capitalist), maalgashigiisa waxaa ka mid ah Twitter, Facebook, Flipboard iyo Square. Saami weyn oo uu ku leeyahay Twitter awgeed, haba ahaato isaga shakhsi ahaan ama maalgashadayaal kale, wuxuu noqday bartilmaameedka warbaahinta xilligii Twitter-ka la keenay suuqa saamiyada (IPO); isagu waa qof aad u qarsada noloshiisa gaarka ah.
​Marka laga soo tago baraha bulshada, Rizvi wuxuu maalgashaday isgaarsiinta iyo madadaalada. Bishii Abriil 2007, Rizvi Traverse waxay heshay saami lahaansho oo ka mid ah Summit Entertainment, oo ah istuudiyaha ka dambeeyay taxanaha guulaystay ee “Twilight”. Bishii Janaayo 2012, Lions Gate waxay ku dhawaaqday inay ku iibsatay Summit Entertainment lacag dhan $412.5 milyan. Sannadkii 2005, shirkadiisu waxay la wareegtay xukunka saamiyada inta badan ee International Creative Management, laakiin waxay iibisay saamigeeda. Ka dib dhibaatooyin xagga maamulka ah oo ka soo wajahay wakaaladda hibada ee Hollywood, Rizvi Traverse Management waxay ku beddeshay saamigeeda, "Isku darka lacag caddaan ah, saamiyo door ah oo aan cod lahayn iyo dano joogto ah oo laga leeyahay hantida gaarka ah ee shirkadda." Sidoo kale, shirkaddu waxay ka caawisay Hugh Hefner inuu dib u iibsado Playboy Enterprises sannadkii 2011. Bishii Noofambar 2015, shirkaddu waxay ku dhawaaqday inay la wareegtay shirkadda tiknoolajiyadda shineemada 3D ee RealD lacag dhan $551 milyan.
Aabbihii Syied Humayoun Raza Rizvi, oo dhintay bishii Luulyo 2016, wuxuu ahaa borofisar ku takhasusay cilmi-nafsiga oo ka dhigi jiray Ellsworth Community College oo ku yaal Iowa Falls, Iowa.
​Walaalkiis, Ashraf, waa maareeye sanduuqa maalgashiga ee hedge fund.
​
## Tixraac

## Xiriirinta dibadda

Websaydhka Rizvi Traverse
​
Alberto Bautista Gómez

**Alberto Bautista Gómez** waa dhoobo-sameeye Meksiko ah oo ka yimid Amatenango del Valle, Chiapas. Waa bulsho Tzeltal ah oo leh hiddaha fog ee dhoobo-samaynta, iyadoo qaar badan ay farsamada bartaan iyagoo carruur ah. Ayeeyadiis ayaa bartay inuu dhoobada ku shaqeeyo markii uu ahaa shan iyo toban jir, isagoo markii hore samayn jiray weelasha wax lagu karsado iyo dheryaha ubaxa. Ka dib wuxuu u gudbay alaabaha qurxinta, sida sawirada shimbiraha, haweenka iyo carruurta, kuwaas oo ay ku daydeen dadka kale ee bulshada dhexdeeda ah. Markaas ka dib wuxuu bilaabay inuu abuuro laambado u qaabaysan shabeel dhedig oo waaweyn iyo madax shabeel, kuwaas oo lagu rinjiyeeyay midabyo dabiici ah, waxaana lagu qiimeeyay tayadooda farshaxanimo, tan iyo markaasna waxay u kiciyeen farshaxan-gacmeed (sculptures) madax-bannaan. Hal-abuuryada kale ee isaga u gaarka ah waxaa ka mid ahaa abuurista weelal waaweyn oo loo yaqaan “cántaros” kuwaas oo leh naqshado kor u soo kacaya, iyo ku darista ciid midabaysan iyo dhagaxyo la jajabiyay si loo abuuro midabyo madow iyo muuqaallo (textures) kala duwan. Wuxuu la shaqeeyaa xaaskiisa, Simona López Pérez, isagoo agabkiisa ka hela deegaanka, inta badan shaqadiisana ku abuura gacanta, mararka qaarkoodna isticmaala wasakhado (molds) fudud.
​
## Tixraac

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Margareta Nilsdotter

​**Margareta Nilsdotter** sidoo kale loo yaqaan **Margareta Hybertsson** (d. 1630) waxay ahayd ganacsade Iswiidhan ah iyo dhisaha maraakiibta.
 Sannadkii 1627, waxay dhammaystirtay dhismaha markabka dagaalka ee Iswiidhan ee *[[Vasa (ship)|Vasa]]*.

​Margareta waxaa lagu xusay inay ahayd qof u dhalatay dalka Iswiidhan. Waxaa loogu yeeri jiray *Margareta Hybertsson*, si kasta ha ahaatee magaca dambe ee iyada iyo ninkeeda labadaba wuxuu ahaa magac aabbe, markaa magaca aabbaha ee raga ah ee Hybertsson si adag looma dhiibi karo inuu iyada u gaar ahaa, xitaa haddii mararka qaarkood loogu xuso magacaas.
​Waxay markii ugu horreysay u dhaxday hogaamiyihii dhismaha maraakiibta ee dhashay Holland Henrik Hybertsson (dhintay 1627) kaas oo u xilsaarnaa dhismaha *Vasa* sannadkii 1625. Markii ay carmaloowday 1627-kii, waxay la wareegtay qaybtii ninkeeda ka geeriyooday iyo mas'uuliyadda dhammaystirka dhismaha *Vasa*, hawshaas oo ay fulisay sannadkii ku xigay. Waxay xallisay shaqo joojin iyo muddo sicir-barar ah intii ay xilka haysay.
​Waxay dhaxashay mas'uuliyadda dhammaystirka qandaraaska, laakiin inkasta oo ay ahayd haweenay ganacsato ah oo karti u leh nafteeda isla markaana mas'uul ka ahayd maamulka dhulalka miyiga ah ee bixinayay qayb ka mid ah dakhliga qoyska, ma ahayn qof maraakiibta dhisa. Muddo xasilooni darro ah ka dib, Boqortooyadu waxay u magacawday wakiilkeeda barxadda ciidanka badda, Kabtan Söfring Hansson, inuu maamulo barxadda.
​Marka laga soo tago *Vasa*, waxay sidoo kale si guul leh ugu lug lahayd ganacsiga iyada oo ahayd milkiilaha hantida Viby herrgård ee Sollentuna.
​Markii ay *Vasa* degtay 1628-kii, waxaa loo arkay in si khaldan loo dhisay, waxayna gashay kacdoon maaliyadeed (musallaf). Waxay fariisatay hantida Viby waxayna guursatay ergayga Iswiidhan ee Faransiiska, diblomaasiga iyo ninka gobta ah Lars Nilsson Tungel (1582-1633).
​

## Tixraac
Miguel Chan iyo Roger Juárez

**Miguel Chan iyo Roger Juárez** waa dhoobo-sameeyayaal Meksiko ah, kuwaas oo saaxiib ku ah soo saarista dhoobada dhiirigelinta ka heshay hiddaha Mayanka, kuna yaal Ticul, oo ka tirsan gobolka Yucatán. Ticul, oo ay weheliyaan Mama iyo Maxcanú, waa xarumaha dhaqanka ee dhoobo-samaynta gobolka, halkaas oo gogo'yaasha lagu sameeyo iyadoo la isticmaalayo k´abal, oo ah qaab qadiimi ah oo mishiinka dhoobada ah. Gogo'yaasha waxaa lagu qurxiyaa qalab ay iyagu iska sameeyeen oo laga soo qaatay laamaha dhirta, hargaha, qolofta miraha (gourds) iyo baalasha shimbiraha.
​Saaxiibadan waxay wada shaqaynayeen sannado badan iyagoo ah aqoon-is-weydaarsiga “Arte Maya”, kaas oo markii hore uu maamuli jiray Wilbert Gonzalez ka hor inta uusan dhiman. Labadoodu waxay farsamada ku barteen halkan iyagoo wada jira, iyagoo soo saari jiray koobabka, sanduuqyada wax lagu kaydiyo, cantaros, weelasha ubaxa iyo sawirada qurxinta ah, kuwaas oo dhiirigelin ka helay ilaahyadii hore, xayawaankii muqaddaska ahaa iyo mishiinnada (myths) dadka Maya. Gogo'yaashooda waxaa inta badan lagu sameeyaa k’abal-ka, kaas oo ay cagahooda ku wareejiyaan, iyagoo isticmaalaya habka xariijimaha (coil method) ama ka samaynaya gogo'ga hal kubbad oo dhoobo ah.
​Chan ayaa ah midka aadka ugu xeeldheer labadooda, isagoo sameeya wax kasta laga bilaabo qalabka guriga loo isticmaalo ilaa nuqullada sawirada Jaina, kuwa dambe oo lagu sameeyo wasakhado (molds) gaar ah oo ay weheliso qaabayn gacanta ah. Juarez wuxuu ku takhasusay abuurista suxuunta iyo weelasha leh naqshadaha dhiirigelinta Mayanka, isagoo isticmaalaya midabada dhoobada cas iyo tan jaalaha ah, kuwaas oo la dhalaaliyo (burnished) ka hor intaan la dubin.
​Dubista waxaa lagu sameeyaa foornooyin (kilns) ay iyagu dhisun yihiin, kuwaas oo leh hab hawo-siin oo gaar u ah dhoobada gobolka, iyadoo la isticmaalayo birta dubista (grill) si looga ilaaliyo in gogo'yaasha ay wasakheeyaan qiiqa qoryaha gubanaya. Dubista ka dib, qaar ka mid ah gogo'yaasha waxaa lagu sii qurxiyaa rinjiga vinyl-ka, kuwa kalena waxaa looga tagaa midabada dabiiciga ah ee dhoobada, kuwaas oo ay ku jiri karto nooc ka mid ah midabka buluugga ah ee lala xiriiriyo Mayankii hore.
​Shaqadooda waxaa lagu aqoonsaday in loogu magac daray “macallimiinta waaweyn” (grand masters) oo ay u bixisay hay'adda Fomento Cultural Banamex.
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## Tixraac

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Jesús Carranza Cortés

​**Jesús Carranza Cortés** waa dhoobo-sameeye Meksiko ah oo ka yimid Tlaquepaque, Jalisco, laguna xuso farshaxannada yaryar (miniatures) ee uu ku dhex abuuro aqoon-is-weydaarsigiisa yar ee halkaas ku yaal. Gogo'yaashani waxay ka kooban yihiin dadka sida kuwa wax ku iibiya waddooyinka, shaqaalaha beeraha oo gashan dharka hiddaha iyo dhaqanka, dad is jecel, mariachis iyo kuwo kaleba. Inta badan waxaa lagu dhisay muuqaallo muujinaya taariikhdii hore ee Meksiko.
​Awoowihiis ayaa dhaqan jiray fardo, wuxuuna baray aasaaska ku shaqaynta dhoobada si loo abuuro sawirro. Gogo'yaasha ayuu gacantiisa ku qaabeeyaa, ka dibna wuxuu u dhigaa inay qallalaan. Dubista waxaa lagu sameeyaa comal yar (saxan lagu kariyo tortilla-da), kaas oo lagu daboolo baaquli dhoobo ah. Dubista ka dib, gogo'yaasha waxaa markii hore lagu rinjiyeeyaa rinji tempura ah oo guriga lagu sameeyay, kaas oo ka tagaya muuqaal aan dhalaalayn (matte). Taabashada ugu dambaysa ee muuqaalka wejiga waxaa lagu sameeyaa varnish ama rinji madow. Gogo' kastaa waa mid gaar ah.
​Sannadkii 2001, hay'adda Fomento Cultural Banamex ayaa u magacawday "macallin weyn" (grand master).”
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## Tixraac

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John F. Slade III

​**John F. Slade III** (dhashay Ogosto 5, 1943) waa Garsoore ku-xigeen ka tirsan Maxkamadda Degmada 4aad ee Maryland. Slade wuxuu ka tirsanaa Maryland House of Delegates intii u dhaxeysay 1983 ilaa 2003. Wuxuu matalayay Degmada 29C, oo ka tirsan qayb ka mid ah St. Mary's County, intii u dhaxeysay 1983 ilaa 1994, wuxuuna matalayay Degmada 29B, oo matalaysay qaybo ka mid ah Calvert County iyo St. Mary's County, intii u dhaxeysay 1995 ilaa 2002.
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## Noloshii hore

Slade wuxuu aaday dugsiga sare ee Great Mills High School oo ku yaal Great Mills, Maryland. Wuxuu aaday St. Mary's College of Maryland, halkaas oo uu ku qaatay shahaadada labaad (associate degree) sanadkii 1964. Ka dib wuxuu dhigtay Jaamacadda Maryland, isagoo qaatay shahaadada koowaad ee dhaqaalaha sanadkii 1967. Laba sano ka dib, wuxuu ka qalin-jabiyay University of Baltimore School of Law waxaana loo ogolaaday inuu ka mid noqdo qareenada Maryland sanadkii 1970.
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## Nolosha gaarka ah

Slade wuxuu guursaday Dorothy Rose Martin Slade, waxayna leeyihiin carruur.
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## Shaqadda

Ka dib markii uu qaatay shahaadada sharciga, Slade wuxuu ahaa qareenka difaaca dadweynaha ee St. Mary's County ilaa 1974, markaas oo uu nqoday Kaaliyaha Xeer Ilaaliyaha Gobolka, isagoo markale u adeegay St. Mary's County. Sanadkii 1986, wuxuu u dalacay Qareenka Difaaca Dadweynaha ee Degmada, Degmada 4aad ee gobollada Calvert, Charles, iyo St. Mary's.
​Sanadkii 1982, waxaa loo doortay Maryland House of Delegates ee Degmada 29C. Wuxuu u adeegay Degmada 29C ilaa 1994. Ka dib waxaa loo doortay Degmada 29B sanadkii 1994 wuxuuna u adeegay laga bilaabo 1995 ilaa 2002. Intii uu ahaa xubinta House of Delegates, wuxuu ahaa guddoomiyaha Guddiga Wadajirka ah ee Hantidhawrka laga bilaabo 1995 ilaa 1997 iyo guddoomiyaha wafdiga St. Mary's County laga bilaabo 1995 ilaa 1999. Ka dib wuxuu noqday xubin ka tirsan Maxkamadda Degmada.
​Mudadii uu ku jiray shaqada, Garsoore Slade wuxuu ku guuleystay dhowr abaalmarinood oo ay ka mid yihiin Cross Bottany Award, Abaalmarinta Ardaydii hore ee St. Mary's College of Maryland, Abaalmarinta Ragga Dhallinyarada ah ee ugu Caansan Ameerika iyo Ergeyga Sanadka (Delegate of the Year), taas oo ay bixisay Ururka Maryland ee Adeegyada Cilmi-nafsiga (Maryland Association of Psychosocial Services). Ugu dambeyntii, waa xubin aasaasi u ah qaybta Zeta ee Phi Beta Kappa ee St. Mary's College.
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## Natiijooyinka doorashada

***Tartankii 1986 ee Maryland House of Delegates – Degmada 29C**
::**Codbixiyayaashu inay doortaan hal qof:**
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​***Tartankii 1990 ee Maryland House of Delegates – Degmada 29C**
::**Codbixiyayaashu inay doortaan hal qof:**
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​***Tartankii 1994 ee Maryland House of Delegates – Degmada 29B**
::**Codbixiyayaashu inay doortaan hal qof:**
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​***Tartankii 1998 ee Maryland House of Delegates – Degmada 29B**
::**Codbixiyayaashu inay doortaan hal qof:**
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## Tixraac

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## Xiriirinta dibadda

*Maryland Archives
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Joseph H. Hoadley

**Joseph H. Hoadley** (Luulyo 1863 – ?) wuxuu ahaa maalgeliye Maraykan ah oo dhowr jeer lagu eedeeyay khiyaano. Wuxuu ahaa madaxa International Power Co.
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## Taariikh nololeedka

Wuxuu ku dhashay San Francisco, California bishii Luulyo 1863, qoys ka soo jeeda New England oo xiriir la leh ikhtiraacyada injineernimada makaanikada Wuxuu shaqadiisa ku bilaabay isagoo 15 jir ah isagoo barasho shaqo (apprentice) ka bilaabay goobta mashiinnada ee Union Brass & Iron Works, laakiin ka hor inta uusan dhamaysan barashada shaqada wuxuu u gudbay markabka uumiga ee Pacific-ga ee SS City of Tokio wuxuuna ka shaqeeyay ilaa uu ka noqday mid ka mid ah injineerada markabka.
​Ka dib markii uu ku soo laabtay si uu u dhammeystiro barashada shaqada, Hoadley wuxuu muddo gaaban injineer tareen ka ahaa Southern Pacific. Markii uu ahaa 21 jir, wuxuu noqday kormeeraha miinooyinka Calico ee Koonfurta California. Ka dib wuxuu isu dhisay qandaraasle mashiinnada miinooyinka, isagoo warshado ka rakibay dhowr gobol oo galbeedka ah oo ay ku jiraan California, Idaho, Washington, Montana, Oregon, iyo Alaska. Hoadley wuxuu ballaariyay ganacsigiisa si uu ugu daro qandaraasyada warshadaha korontada, tareenada jidadka, warshadaha nalka korontada, iyo tas-hiilaad kala duwan oo warshadeed, sanadkii 1894-kiina wuxuu xaruntiisii u raray Chicago, isagoo isku xiray hawlihiisii galbeedka iyo mashaariic cusub oo ku yaal Midwest.
​Sanadkii 1902 wuxuu madax ka noqday American Ordnance Company oo fadhigeedu ahaa Bridgeport taas oo soo saari jirtay qoryaha badda ee Driggs-Schroeder iyo Hotchkiss wuxuuna ka gorgortamay iibsashada shirkadda la tartameysay ee Driggs-Seabury. Markay ahayd 1906 wuxuu eedeysane ka ahaa horteeda New York Supreme Court dacwad maxkamadeed oo ay la lahayd Elizabeth C. Prall.
​Sanadkii 1916 waxaa lagu xukumay Ludlow Street Jail, markii booliisku u yimaadeen inay gurigiisa ku xiraan, waxayna ka shakiyeen inuu ku baxsaday god qarsoodi ah.
​Sanadkii 1918 wuxuu ku guul-darreystay dacwad sharci ah waxaana lagu amray inuu bixiyo $999,389 oo la siinayo American & British Mfg. Co.
​Xaaskiisa ayaa isdishay sanadkii 1919 iyadoo neefsatay gaaska nalka. Booliisku waxay u baareen dhimashadeeda inay suurtogal tahay inay tahay dil. Ka dib waxaa lagu amray inuu gurigiisa ka baxo sababtoo ah bixin la'aanta deynta guriga (mortgage). Guriga waa la iibiyay, wuxuuna maxkamadda u sheegay inuu heshiis la leeyahay milkiilaha cusub oo uusan kaga baahnayn inuu bixiyo kirada.
​Sanadkii 1932 waa la xiray waxaana lagu xukumay khiyaano jeeg oo dhan $1,037, waxaana lagu xukumay saddex bilood oo xabsi shaqo ah.
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## Tixraac

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Shingo Futamura

**Shingo Futamura** (Abriil 3, 1938 -) waa saynisyahan ku takhasusay agabka wershadaha cinjirka (rubber), kaas oo lagu yaqaanno aragtida uu keenay ee deformation index (tilmaanta isbeddelka qaabka).
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## Waxbarashada
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Futamura wuxuu shahaadada koowaad ee Bachelor of Science ku dhammaystay Waseda University oo ku taal dalka Jabaan. Wuxuu shahaadada heerka labaad (master's degree) ka qaatay University of Michigan sanadkii 1968. Shahaadada dhakhtarnimada (doctorate) ee sayniska polymer-ka ayuu ka qaatay University of Akron sanadkii 1975, isagoo uu la taliye u ahaa Eberhard Meinecke.
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## Shaqadda
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Markay ahayd 1974, Futamura waxaa loo magacaabay hoggaamiyaha kooxda fiisigiska polymer-ka ee Firestone Central Research oo ku taal Akron, Ohio. Muddadii uu ku jiray shaqada oo ka badan 40 sano, Futamura wuxuu qoray 25 warqadood oo cilmiyeed iyo 50 patent oo laga diiwaangeliyay Maraykanka. Wuxuu u shaqeeyay Nippon Zeon Co., Firestone Tire & Rubber Company, iyo Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company.
​Waxaa loogu aqoonsi badan yahay soo jeedinta fikradda deformation index si loo xiriiriyo sifooyinka viscoelastic-ka iyo waxqabadka dhabta ah ee taayirka. Fikraddan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu doorto isku-darka cinjirka (rubber compounds) ee yareeya iska caabbinta wareegga taayirka (rolling resistance), waxaana loo isticmaalaa falanqaynta "finite element" si loo fududeeyo xisaabinta luminta tamarta iyo qaybinta heerkulka.
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## Abaalmarinnada iyo aqoonsiga
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1973 - Abaalmarinta "Honorable Mention" ee warqaddii cinwaankeedu ahaa "Solution SBR-Study in Copolymerization Dynamics", shirka guga ee ACS Rubber Division.
​2014 - Melvin Mooney Distinguished Technology Award oo ka timid ACS Rubber Division.
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## Tixraac

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