Hans Aarsleff

​**Hans Aarsleff** (dhashay 19 Luulyo 1925) waa aqoonyahan iyo khabiir ku xeeldheer cilmiga luqadda oo u dhashay dalka Denmark, kaasoo soo ahaa bare-sare (emeritus professor) oo luqadda Ingiriisiga ka dhiga Princeton University tan iyo sanadkii 1997. Aarsleff waa khabiir caan ku ah taariikhda cilmiga luqadda, taariikhda fikradaha, iyo taariikhda falsafada ee qarniyadii 17-aad, 18-aad, iyo 19-aad.
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## Taariikh nololeedka

Ka dib markii uu ka qalin-jabiyay dugsiga sare (gymnasium) isagoo ku takhasusay sayniska iyo xisaabta sanadkii 1943, wuxuu cilmiga luqadda Ingiriisiga iyo suugaanta ka bartay University of Copenhagen. Sanadkii 1948 wuxuu deeq waxbarasho u helay heerka sare ee jaamacadda University of Minnesota, halkaas oo uu joogay siddeedii sano ee xigtay ilaa uu yimid Princeton sanadkii 1956. Dissertation-kiisii dhakhtarnimada (PhD), “The Study of Language in England, 1780–1860”, wuxuu dhammaystiray 1960. Waxaa daabacay Princeton University Press sanadkii 1967 (mar kale la soo saaray 1983), wuxuuna durbadiiba noqday buug caan ah (classic) oo dhexdiisa laga tixraaco taariikhyannada cilmiga luqadda. Wuxuu ahaa af-hayeen si weyn looga raadiyo shirarka iyo jaamacadaha gudaha iyo dibadda Maraykanka. Wuxuu joogay Princeton, halkaas oo uu ka gaaray darajada bare-sare (full professor) sanadkii 1972, inta hartayna xirfadiisa halkaas ayuu ku qaatay. Waxaa loo doortay labadaba American Philosophical Society iyo American Academy of Arts and Sciences sanadkii 1994.
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## Shaqada aqooneed

Bilowgiiba, shaqada Aarsleff ee taariikhda cilmiga luqadda waxay ku fiday inay daboosho taariikhda fikradaha, taariikhda falsafada, iyo taariikhda sayniska, taasoo keentay maqaallo waaweyn oo ku saabsan Leibniz, Locke, Condillac, Wilhelm von Humboldt, Descartes, iyo Herder. Sanadkii 1982, xulasho ka mid ah maqaalladiisa ayaa lagu daabacay cinwaanka “From Locke to Saussure: Essays in the Study of Language and Intellectual History”, kaasoo mar kale ahaa daabacaad sumcad sare ku leh fagaarahaas. Aarsleff wuxuu sidoo kale qayb ka qaatay qoraallo dhowr ah oo ku jira “The Dictionary of Scientific Biography” ee Charles C. Gillispie, kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin maqaallo muhiim ah oo ku saabsan John Wilkins iyo Thomas Sprat. Bishii Juun 1991, waxaa lagu qabtay shir gaar ah oo lagu sharfayo Hans Aarsleff jaamacadda Sorbonne ee Paris. Tani waxay dhalisay festschrift (buug xusuus-qor ah) “La linguistique entre mythe et histoire”, oo ay tafatireen Daniel Droixhe iyo Chantal Grell (Münster: Nodus, 1993).
​Qoraalladii Aarsleff ee ku saabsanaa Wilhelm von Humboldt waxay kiciyeen muran maadaama ay soo jiiteen dareenka xaqiiqada ah in Humboldt ay saameyn weyn ku yeesheen faylasuufiinta iyo khubarada luqadda ee Faransiiska, taas oo ay diideen aqoonyahannada Jarmalka ee muddada dheer taagnaa. Qoraalladiisii ku saabsanaa khabiirka luqadda ee Faransiiska iyo Swiss-ka ah ee Ferdinand de Saussure ayaa kiciyay muran la mid ah, maadaama uu ku dooday in fikradaha udub-dhexaadka u ah Saussure ay si xoog leh u saameeyeen naqdiye-faylasuufkii Faransiiska ee qarnigii 19-aad ee Hippolyte Taine, taas oo ay diideen aqoonyahannada bartay Saussure, kuwaas oo muujiyay in fikradaha Aarsleff uu u tiiriyay Taine laga heli karo ilo kale oo isaga (Saussure) qudhiisu wax ka qoray, halka aanu jirin hal tixraac oo ku saabsan Taine oo ku jira qoraalladiisa tirada badan, kuwa la daabacay iyo kuwa aan la daabicinba.
​Sanadkii 1970, Aarsleff wuxuu daabacay maqaal cinwaankiisu ahaa “The history of linguistics and Professor Chomsky” kaasoo ku soo baxay majallada caanka ah ee cilmiga luqadda ee *[[Language (journal)|Language]]*. Maqaalkani wuxuu soo jiitay dareen badan maadaama uu ahaa weerar ka dhan ah shaqadii Noam Chomsky ee aadka loo xayaysiiyay ee sanadihii ka horreeyay ee ku saabsanayd taariikhda cilmiga luqadda, isagoo ku doodaya inay ku dhisnayd aqoon dhiman oo eex leh. In kasta oo khubaro waaweyn oo goobtaas ku takhasusay ay qabeen ra’yi la mid ah, falcelintii kululayd iyo meel-ka-dhaca ahayd ee ka timid Chomsky iyo taageerayaashiisa waxay Aarsleff ka dhigtay shakhsi muran badan dhex dhigay khubarada aragtida cilmiga luqadda ee raacsan Chomsky.
​Waxyaabihii ugu waaweynaa ee uu daabacay waxaa ka mid ah:
​“The Study of Language in England, 1780–1860.” Princeton: Princeton University Press.
​“The history of linguistics and Professor Chomsky.” Language 46: 570–585.
​“Taine and Saussure.” The Yale Review 68: 71–81.
​“From Locke to Saussure. Essays on the Study of Language and Intellectual History.” London: University of Minnesota Press. London: The Athlone Press.
​“Introduction to ‘On Language. Wilhelm von Humboldt: The Diversity of Human Language-Structure and its Influence on the Mental Development of Mankind’, oo uu turjumay Peter Heath hordhacna u qoray Hans Aarsleff.” Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
​“Etienne Bonnot de Condillac, ‘Essay on the Origin of Human Knowledge’, oo uu turjumay lana tafatiray Hans Aarsleff, hordhacna uu u qoray.” Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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## Tixraac

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## Xiriirinta dibadda
​Bogga Hans Aarsleff ee Jaamacadda Princeton
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